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Guo YY, Wang X, Liu F, Zhang J, Wang SS, Zhao X, Wang Z, Xu D. Adjustments in energy metabolism of brown adipose tissue in heat-acclimated Kunming mice. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 274:111000. [PMID: 38879151 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in rodents decreases with prolonged heat exposure. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, Kunming mice were acclimated at 23 ± 1 °C and 33 ± 1 °C for four weeks each to examine the body heat balance and BAT alterations. Results showed that heat-acclimated Kunming mice exhibited reduced body mass and elevated body temperature. Additionally, they displayed lower resting metabolic rates, diminished non-shivering thermogenesis, and reduced BAT thermogenic function. Metabolically, there was a significant reduction in several key metabolites involved in energy metabolism in BAT, including thiamine pyrophosphate, citric acid, cis-Aconitate, isocitric acid, oxoglutaric acid, succinate, fumarate, L-Malic acid, oxaloacetate, flavin mononucleotide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and adenosine 5'-triphosphate. These findings suggest that BAT adapts to heat acclimation by regulating pathways related to pyruvate oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, which may help maintain thermal homeostasis in Kunming mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Fangyan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Junyu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Qufu Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Deli Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
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2
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Huang TH, Lin CM, Lin CK, Chang SF, Shi CS. The blockade of neddylation alleviates ventilator-induced lung injury by reducing stretch-induced damage to pulmonary epithelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 229:116533. [PMID: 39265821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Ventilator-induced lung injury is a serious complication in mechanically ventilated patients. Neddylation, the post-translational modification of neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 8 (NEDD8) conjugation, regulates numerous biological functions. However, its involvement and therapeutic significance in ventilator-induced lung injury remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the kinetics and contribution of activated neddylation and the impact of neddylation inhibition in mice subjected to high tidal volume (HTV) ventilation in vivo and human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells stimulated through cyclic stretching (CS) in vitro. The neddylation and expression of ubiquitin conjugating enzyme 3 (UBA3), a NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) catalytic subunit, were time-dependently upregulated in HTV-ventilated mice. Additionally, the NAE inhibitor MLN4924 considerably attenuated acute lung injury induced by HTV ventilation, manifesting as reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, MLN4924 effectively reduced the secretion of inflammatory cytokines from Ly6Chigh monocytes and neutrophils, subsequently decreasing endothelial permeability. Moreover, our study revealed an upregulation of the neddylation pathway, oxidative stress, and apoptosis during CS of alveolar epithelial cells. However, blockade of neddylation via MLN4924 or through UBA3 knockdown suppressed this upregulation. Overall, the inhibition of neddylation may alleviate HTV-induced acute lung injury by preventing CS-induced damage to alveolar epithelial cells. This indicates that the neddylation pathway plays a critical role in the progression of ventilator-induced lung injury. These findings may provide a new therapeutic target for treating ventilator-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsiung Huang
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Mo Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Kuo Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fu Chang
- Department of Medical Research and Development, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Sheng Shi
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan.
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3
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Abdel-Wahhab KG, Ashry M, Hassan LK, El-Azma MH, Elqattan GM, Gadelmawla MHA, Mannaa FA. Hepatic and immune modulatory effectiveness of lactoferrin loaded Selenium nanoparticles on bleomycin induced hepatic injury. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21066. [PMID: 39256408 PMCID: PMC11387485 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to estimate the hepatic and immune ameliorating potential of extracted bovine lactoferrin (LF), Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) or their combination (LF/SeNPs) against bleomycin (BLM) induced hepatic injury. Fifty adult male rats (160-200 g) were equally divided into five groups: (1) the saline control group, (2) BLM-injected (15 mg/kg twice a week, ip), and (3-5) groups treated orally with LF (200 mg/kg/day), SeNPs (0.0486 mg/kg/day) or LF/SeNPs combination (200.0486 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks post BLM-intoxication. Blood and liver samples were subjected to biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses. The results revealed that BLM caused a significant increase in hepatic lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide, as well as serum markers of liver functions (AST, ALT and GGT activities), and levels of GM-CSF, CD4, TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β1, fibronectin, triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL-C. Additionally, hepatic glutathione, Na+/K+-ATPase, and glutathione peroxidase, as well as serum HDL-C, total protein and albumin levels were significantly reduced. Moreover, BLM injection resulted in marked histopathological alterations and severe expression of caspase 3. Post-treatment of BLM-intoxicated rats with LF, SeNPs or LF/SeNPs combination obviously improved the BLM-induced hepatic damages; this was achieved from the marked modulations in the mentioned parameters, besides improving the histopathological hepatic architecture. It is worth mentioning that LF/SeNPs exerted the greatest potency. In conclusion, the obtained results demonstrated that LF, SeNPs and LF/SeNPs succeeded in attenuating the BLM-induced hepatic dysfunction. Therefore, these supplements might be used to protect against drug-associated side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmoud Ashry
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Laila K Hassan
- Dairy Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Marwa H El-Azma
- Medical Physiology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Elqattan
- Medical Physiology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Fathia A Mannaa
- Medical Physiology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
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4
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Dawood AFA, Alharbi HM, Ismaeel FI, Khan SM, Yassa HD, Welson NN, Abd El-Aziz FEZA. Cadmium-induced pancreatic toxicity in rats: comparing vitamin C and Nigella sativa as protective agents: a histomorphometric and ultrastructural study. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39245987 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2399779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the toxic effect of cadmium (Cd) on the exocrine and endocrine functions of pancreas, the changes in pancreatic tissue after Cd withdrawal, and the protective effects of vitamin C (VC) and Nigella sativa (NS) against Cd-induced damage. Rats were assigned to: control, Cd-treated (0.5 mg/kg/d intraperitoneal [IP] injection), VC and Cd-treated (receiving 100 mg/kg/d VC orally and Cd concomitantly), NS and Cd-treated (receiving 20 mg/kg/d NS and Cd, simultaneously), and Cd withdrawal (receiving Cd for 30 d then living free for recovery for other 30 d). Blood samples were collected and post-sacrifice pancreatic specimens were processed for light and electron microscope study. Quantitative analyses of pancreatic collagen area%, pancreatic islet parameters, β cell density, and insulin immunoexpression were done. Fasting blood glucose was significantly increased in Cd-treated and Cd-withdrawal groups, while co-treatment with VC and NS caused significant reductions (p < 0.05). Cd-induced extensive degenerative changes in pancreatic acini and islets at light and ultrastructure levels. Obvious fibrosis and congestion of blood vessels were noticed. Significant reductions in pancreatic islet number, volume, and surface area and diminished beta cell count and insulin immunoexpression were observed. After withdrawal of Cd, the whole pancreatic tissue still showed a serious impact. Concomitant treatment with VC or NS obviously reduced these degenerative changes and significantly improved pancreatic islet parameters and insulin immunoexpression. VC showed a better amendment than NS, but this difference was statistically insignificant. Therefore, VC and NS could be used as prophylactic agents that lessen Cd consequences on the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa F A Dawood
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faten I Ismaeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahina M Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan D Yassa
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Nermeen N Welson
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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5
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Gazwi HSS, Zaki AH, Abd Allah NAR, Gomaa AT, Milošević M, Al-Rejaie SS, Mohany M, Yassien EE. Mitigation of cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity by Salvia officinalis: Attenuation of oxidative damage and inflammation in rats. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:62-71. [PMID: 38852878 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Salvia officinalis L., commonly known as sage and belonging to the Lamiaceae family, is a medicinal herb indigenous to the Mediterranean region. It is celebrated for its diverse pharmacological properties and traditional uses in folk medicine, particularly in addressing hepatotoxicity. Cisplatin (Cis), a potent chemotherapeutic agent widely employed in cancer treatment, is recognized for its efficacy but often accompanied by adverse effects, including hepatotoxicity. The aim of this study was to assess whether an ethanolic S. officinalis extract (ESOE) could provide protection against Cis-induced hepatotoxicity in an experimental rat model. The ESOE was prepared using standard extraction techniques, and its chemical constituents were elucidated through UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, revealing the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids, which are associated with various therapeutic effects, including hepatoprotection. Adult male albino rats were allocated into four groups: control, ESOE (250 mg/kg), Cis (7.5 mg/kg), and ESOE (250 mg/kg) + Cis (7.5 mg/kg). The treatment duration lasted 21 days, with Cis administration on the 22nd day. Twenty-four hours post-Cis administration, blood and liver samples were collected for analysis. Cis-induced hepatotoxicity was evidenced by alterations in hematological parameters, including erythrocyte, thrombocyte, leukocyte, and lymphocyte counts, alongside elevated serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT, LDH, AST, ALP, and GGT), indicative of liver damage. Furthermore, Cis exposure resulted in increased hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and Nitric oxide (NO) levels, oxidative stress markers, coupled with decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), a non-enzymatic antioxidant, and histopathological changes in liver tissue, characterized by necrosis and inflammation. Additionally, Cis treatment led to elevated levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), TNF-α, and IL-6, indicating oxidative stress and inflammation. Remarkably, pretreatment with ESOE ameliorated these Cis-induced hepatotoxic effects, as evidenced by improved hematological parameters, reduced liver enzyme activities, alleviated oxidative stress, and ameliorated histopathological alterations. The observed hepatoprotective effects of ESOE against Cis-induced liver injury may be attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, highlighting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent in mitigating chemotherapy-associated hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa S S Gazwi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Agriculture Faculty, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa Hussein Zaki
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Agriculture Faculty, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Nedaa A R Abd Allah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Talat Gomaa
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 Egypt
| | - Marija Milošević
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Salim S Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman E Yassien
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Agriculture Faculty, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
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6
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Gaiaschi L, Priori EC, Mensi MM, Verri M, Buonocore D, Parisi S, Hernandez LNQ, Brambilla I, Ferrari B, De Luca F, Gola F, Rancati G, Capone L, Andriulo A, Visonà SD, Marseglia GL, Borgatti R, Bottone MG. New perspectives on the role of biological factors in anorexia nervosa: Brain volume reduction or oxidative stress, which came first? Neurobiol Dis 2024; 199:106580. [PMID: 38942323 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder (ED) that has seen an increase in its incidence in the last thirty years. Compared to other psychosomatic disorders, ED can be responsible for many major medical complications, moreover, in addition to the various systemic impairments, patients with AN undergo morphological and physiological changes affecting the cerebral cortex. Through immunohistochemical studies on portions of postmortem human brain of people affected by AN and healthy individuals, and western blot studies on leucocytes of young patients and healthy controls, this study investigated the role in the afore-mentioned processes of altered redox state. The results showed that the brain volume reduction in AN could be due to an increase in the rate of cell death, mainly by apoptosis, in which mitochondria, main cellular organelles affected by a decreased dietary intake, and a highly compromised intracellular redox balance, may play a pivotal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Gaiaschi
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Erica Cecilia Priori
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Integrated Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Maria Mensi
- Department of Sciences of the Nervous System and of Behavior, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Manuela Verri
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Buonocore
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sandra Parisi
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lilian Nathalie Quintero Hernandez
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Brambilla
- Department of Clinical surgical diagnostic and pediatric sciences, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Beatrice Ferrari
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio De Luca
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Gola
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Rancati
- High-Complexity Rehabilitation Unit, "Casa di Cura Villa Esperia", Viale dei Salici 35, 27052 Godiasco PV, Italy
| | - Luca Capone
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Adele Andriulo
- High-Complexity Rehabilitation Unit, "Casa di Cura Villa Esperia", Viale dei Salici 35, 27052 Godiasco PV, Italy
| | - Silvia Damiana Visonà
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Marseglia
- Department of Clinical surgical diagnostic and pediatric sciences, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Renato Borgatti
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bottone
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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Kostic L, Leung C, Ahmad Murad K, Kancheva S, Perna S, Lee B, Barker N. Lgr5 marks stem/progenitor cells contributing to epithelial and muscle development in the mouse esophagus. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7145. [PMID: 39164270 PMCID: PMC11335976 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51559-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The existence and function of Lgr5+ cells within the developing esophagus remains unknown. Here, we document multiple discrete Lgr5+ populations in the developing mouse esophagus, predominantly within nascent epithelial and external muscle layers. Lgr5 expression initially emerges in the developing proximal embryonic epithelium, but progressively extends distally and persists within the distal epithelium of neonates. Fate mapping and ablation analyses reveal a long-term contribution of epithelial Lgr5+ cells to esophageal organogenesis. Additionally, Lgr5-expressing cells are present in the developing external muscle layer, particularly during the development of the striated component. Fate mapping reveals a significant contribution of these embryonic Lgr5+ cells to the adult muscle layer. Embryonic Lgr5+ epithelial cells are also found to be important for regulating epithelial development, serving as a key source of Wnt6, among other ligands, to promote epithelial cell proliferation and formation of epithelial layers. These findings significantly enhance our understanding of esophageal development and shed light on the involvement of Lgr5+ stem/progenitor cells during organogenesis. Importantly, this study lays the foundation for investigating esophageal diseases related to the Lgr5+ stem/progenitor cell pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Kostic
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carly Leung
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Katzrin Ahmad Murad
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Snezhina Kancheva
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stefano Perna
- Centre for Biomedical Informatics, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Experimental Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bernett Lee
- Centre for Biomedical Informatics, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Experimental Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore, Singapore
- Infectious Disease Labs (ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nick Barker
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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8
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Sarkar R, Bolel P, Kapoor A, Eliseeva E, Dulcey AE, Templin JS, Wang AQ, Xu X, Southall N, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Neumann S, Marugan JJ, Gershengorn MC. An Orally Efficacious Thyrotropin Receptor Ligand Inhibits Growth and Metastatic Activity of Thyroid Cancers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:2306-2316. [PMID: 38421044 PMCID: PMC11318999 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Thyroid-stimulating hormone (or thyrotropin) receptor (TSHR) could be a selective target for small molecule ligands to treat thyroid cancer (TC). OBJECTIVE We report a novel, orally efficacious ligand for TSHR that exhibits proliferation inhibitory activity against human TC in vitro and in vivo, and inhibition of metastasis in vivo. METHODS A35 (NCATS-SM4420; NCGC00241808) was selected from a sublibrary of >200 TSHR ligands. Cell proliferation assays including BrdU incorporation and WST-1, along with molecular docking studies were done. In vivo activity of A35 was assessed in TC cell-derived xenograft (CDX) models with immunocompromised (NSG) mice. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of tumor and lung tissues were observed for the extent of cell death and metastasis. RESULTS A35 was shown to stimulate cAMP production in some cell types by activating TSHR but not in TC cells, MDA-T32, and MDA-T85. A35 inhibited proliferation of MDA-T32 and MDA-T85 in vitro and in vivo, and pulmonary metastasis of MDA-T85F1 in mice. In vitro, A35 inhibition of proliferation was reduced by a selective TSHR antagonist. Inhibition of CDX tumor growth without decreases in mouse weights and liver function showed A35 to be efficacious without apparent toxicity. Lastly, A35 reduced levels of Ki67 in the tumors and metastatic markers in lung tissues. CONCLUSION We conclude that A35 is a TSHR-selective inhibitor of TC cell proliferation and metastasis, and suggest that A35 may be a promising lead drug candidate for the treatment of differentiated TC in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhitajit Sarkar
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Priyanka Bolel
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Abhijeet Kapoor
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Elena Eliseeva
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrés E Dulcey
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Jay S Templin
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amy Q Wang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Noel Southall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Susanne Neumann
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Juan J Marugan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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9
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Yu J, Xu X, Griffin JI, Mu Q, Ho RJY. Drug Combination Nanoparticles Containing Gemcitabine and Paclitaxel Enable Orthotopic 4T1 Breast Tumor Regression. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2792. [PMID: 39199565 PMCID: PMC11352501 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis, intervention, and therapeutic advancements have extended the lives of breast cancer patients; however, even with molecularly targeted therapies, many patients eventually progress to metastatic cancer. Recent data suggest that residual breast cancer cells often reside in the lymphatic system before rapidly spreading through the bloodstream. To address this challenge, an effective drug combination composed of gemcitabine (G) and paclitaxel (T) is administered intravenously in sequence at the metastatic stage, but intravenous GT infusion may limit lymphatic GT drug accessibility and asynchronous drug exposure in cancer cells within the lymph. To determine whether co-localization of intracellular gemcitabine and paclitaxel (referred to as GT) could overcome these limitations and enhance the efficacy of GT, we have evaluated a previously reported GT drug-combination formulated in nanoparticle (referred to as GT-in-DcNP) evaluated in an orthotopic breast tumor model. Previously, with indocyanine green-labeled nanoparticles, we reported that GT-in-DcNP particles after subcutaneous dosing were taken up rapidly and preferentially into the lymph instead of blood vessels. The pharmacokinetic study showed enhanced co-localization of GT within the tumors and likely through lymphatic access, before drug apparency in the plasma leading to apparent long-acting plasma time-course. The mechanisms may be related to significantly greater inhibitions of tumor growth-by 100 to 140 times-in both sub-iliac and axillary regions compared to the equivalent dosing with free-and-soluble GT formulation. Furthermore, GT-in-DcNP exhibited dose-dependent effects with significant tumor regression. In contrast, even at the highest dose of free GT combination, only a modest tumor growth reduction was notable. Preliminary studies with MDA-231-HM human breast cancer in an orthotopic xenograft model indicated that GT-in-DcNP may be effective in suppressing human breast tumor growth. Taken together, the synchronized delivery of GT-in-DcNP to mammary tumors through the lymphatic system offers enhanced cellular retention and greater efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.Y.); (X.X.)
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.Y.); (X.X.)
| | - James Ian Griffin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.Y.); (X.X.)
| | - Qingxin Mu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.Y.); (X.X.)
| | - Rodney J. Y. Ho
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (J.Y.); (X.X.)
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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10
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Pani S, Senapati U, Sahu B, Pati B, Swalsingh G, Pani P, Bindhani BK, Achary KG, Bal NC. Developmental overlap between skeletal muscle maturation and perirenal fat brown-to-white transition in goats: Exploring the role of Myf-5. Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00191-3. [PMID: 39121901 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
In mammals, skeletal muscles (SkMs) and adipose tissues regulate energy homeostasis and share developmental origins. Notably, the perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) depot has been reported to display adipocyte heterogeneity: while some originated from Myogenic factor 5 (Myf-5) expressing progenitors, others did not. Our study examines the expression and distribution of Myf-5 using immunohistochemical staining and western blotting of PRAT, gastrocnemius, and trapezius from goat at various developmental stages. Contrary to earlier beliefs, functionally divergent SkM gastrocnemius and trapezius showed similar Myf-5 expressional pattern. SkM abundantly expresses Myf-5 in developing myocytes which gradually becomes limited to the nucleus of myogenic stem cells and is retained only in a few differentiated postnatal fibers. During the same period, PRAT displays a unique brown-to-white transition. PRAT exhibited an elevated expression of Myf-5 during prenatal periods, which declines thereafter and becomes negligible during adulthood where it gets fully enriched white adipocytes. The reduction of Myf-5 during the neonatal period was common to all three tissues. However, Myf-5 expression was retained in some of the differentiated myofibers while it was undetectable in adult PRAT. These observations suggest a possible developmental interplay between adipose tissue and SkM where Myf-5 might be a major regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Pani
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Unmod Senapati
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Bijayashree Sahu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Benudhara Pati
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | | | - Punyadhara Pani
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | | | | | - Naresh C Bal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
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11
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Kidzeru EB, Sinkala M, Chalwa T, Matobole R, Alkelani M, Ghasemishahrestani Z, Mbandi SK, Blackburn J, Tabb DL, Adeola HA, Khumalo NP, Bayat A. Subcellular Fractionation and Metaproteogenomic Identification and Validation of Key Differentially Expressed Molecular Targets for Keloid Disease. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)01972-9. [PMID: 39122141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Keloid disease (KD) is a common connective tissue disorder of unknown aetiopathogenesis with ill-defined treatment. Keloid scars present as exophytic fibroproliferative reticular lesions postcutaneous injury, and even though KD remains neoplastically benign, keloid lesions behave locally aggressive, invasive and expansive. To date, there is limited understanding and validation of biomarkers identified through combined proteomic and genomic evaluation of KD. Therefore, the aim in this study was to identify putative causative candidates in KD by performing a comprehensive proteomics analysis of subcellular fractions as well as the whole cell, coupled with transcriptomics data analysis of normal compared with KD fibroblasts. We then applied novel integrative bioinformatics analysis to demonstrate that NF-kB-p65 (RELA) from the cytosolic fraction and CAPN2 from the whole-cell lysate were statistically significantly upregulated in KD and associated with alterations in relevant key signaling pathways, including apoptosis. Our findings were further confirmed by showing upregulation of both RELA and CAPN2 in KD using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, functional evaluation using real-time cell analysis and flow cytometry demonstrated that both omeprazole and dexamethasone inhibited the growth of KD fibroblasts by enhancing the rate of apoptosis. In conclusion, subcellular fractionation and metaproteogenomic analyses have identified, to our knowledge, 2 previously unreported biomarkers of significant relevance to keloid diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis B Kidzeru
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology Laboratory (LAMMII), Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies (CRSPP), Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Musalula Sinkala
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Temwani Chalwa
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Relebohile Matobole
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Madeha Alkelani
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Zeinab Ghasemishahrestani
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stanley K Mbandi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Blackburn
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David L Tabb
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; Bioinformatics Unit, South African Tuberculosis Bioinformatics Initiative, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Henry Ademola Adeola
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla P Khumalo
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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12
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Mohamed AS, ElKaffas M, Metwally K, Abdelfattah M, Elsery EA, Elshazly A, Gomaa HE, Alsayed A, El-Desouky S, El-Gamal R, Elfarrash S. Impairment of Nrf2 signaling in the hippocampus of P301S tauopathy mice model aligns with the cognitive impairment and the associated neuroinflammation. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:29. [PMID: 39107774 PMCID: PMC11304845 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00396-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mice transgenic for human P301S tau protein exhibit many characteristics of the human tauopathies, including the formation of abundant hyperphoshorylated tau filaments, the associated neuroinflammation and disease phenotype. However, the exact underpinning mechanisms are still not fully addressed that hinder our understanding of the tauopathy diseases and the development of possible therapeutic targets.Methods: In the current study, hippocampus from three disease time points (2, 4 and 6 months) of P301S mice were further characterized in comparison to the age and sex matched control wild type mice (WT) that do not express the transgene. Different spectrum of hippocampal dependent cognitive tests, biochemical and pathological analysis were conducted to understand the disease progression and the associated changes in each stage. Results: Cognitive impairment was manifested as early as 2 months age, prior to the identification of tau aggregation and phosphorylation by immunostaining. P301S mice manifested an increased pro-inflammatory related changes at mRNA transcription level (IL-1b and IL17A) with the progression of the disease and when compared to the WT mice of the same age. Among the identified genes in the current study, the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) genes expression that is considered as the master regulator of an endogenous inducible defense system was significantly impaired in P301S mice by 4 and 6 months when compared to healthy WT controls. A data that was also supported by the immunostaining of the serial brain sections including the both brain stem and hippocampus. The current result is suggesting that the downregulation of Nrf2 gene and the impaired Nrf2 dependent anti-inflammatory mechanisms in P301S mice brain is possibly contributing -among other factors- in the neuroinflammation and tauopathy, and that modulation of Nrf2 signaling impairments can be further investigated as a promising potential therapeutic target for tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Sabry Mohamed
- Program of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud ElKaffas
- Mansoura Manchester Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Karim Metwally
- Mansoura Manchester Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abdelfattah
- Mansoura Manchester Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Eslam Ashraf Elsery
- Mansoura Manchester Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elshazly
- Mansoura Manchester Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Hossam Eldin Gomaa
- Mansoura Manchester Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Aziza Alsayed
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Sara El-Desouky
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Randa El-Gamal
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sara Elfarrash
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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13
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Nguyen HL, Holderbaum Do Amaral R, Lerouge S, De Roo AK, Zehtabi F, Vikkula M, Soulez G. Injectable chitosan hydrogel effectively controls lesion growth in a venous malformation murine model. Diagn Interv Imaging 2024:S2211-5684(24)00165-7. [PMID: 39095271 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intralesional injection of chitosan hydrogel (CH) combined with sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) to sclerose and embolize venous malformations (VMs) by comparison with 3% STS foam and placebo in a mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subcutaneous VMs were created by injecting HUVEC_TIE2-L914F cells, mixed with matrigel, into the back of athymic mice (Day [D] 0). After VM-like lesions were established at D10, 70 lesions were randomly assigned to one of six treatment groups (untreated, saline, 3% STS-foam, CH, 1% STS-CH, 3% STS-CH). For 3% STS-foam, the standard Tessari technique was performed. VMs were regularly evaluated every 2-3 days to measure lesion size until the time of collection at D30 (primary endpoint). At D30, VM lesions including the matrigel plugs were culled and evaluated by histological analysis to assess vessel size, chitosan distribution and endothelial expression. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was performed to compare quantitative variables with normal distribution, otherwise Kruskal-Wallis test followed by pairwise comparisons by a Wilcoxon rank sum test was performed. RESULTS All VMs were successfully punctured and injected. Six VMs injected with 3% STS-CH showed early skin ulceration with an extrusion of the matrigel plug and were excluded from final analysis. In the remaining 64 VMs, skin ulceration occurred on 26 plugs, resulting in the loss of three 3% STS-foam and one 1% STS-CH plugs. Both chitosan formulations effectively controlled growth of VMs by the end of follow-up compared to untreated or 3% STS-foam groups (P < 0.05). Vessel sizes were smaller with both CH formulations compared to untreated and saline groups (P < 0.05). Additionally, there were smaller vascular channels within the 1% STS-CH group compared to the 3% STS-foam group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Chitosan's ability to control the growth of VMs suggests a promising therapeutic effect that outperforms the gold standard (STS-foam) on several variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Long Nguyen
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, University of Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ricardo Holderbaum Do Amaral
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, H2 × 0A9, Canada; Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Sophie Lerouge
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, H2 × 0A9, Canada; Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure (ÉTS), Montreal, QC, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - An-Katrien De Roo
- Department of Pathology, Saint Luc University Hospital, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, University of Louvain, B-1348 Brussels, Belgium; Center for Vascular Anomalies, Member of VASCERN (European Reference Network on Rare Multisystemic Vascular Diseases) VASCA European Reference Centre Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fatemeh Zehtabi
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, H2 × 0A9, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure (ÉTS), Montreal, QC, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Miikka Vikkula
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, University of Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, B-1300 Wavre, Belgium
| | - Gilles Soulez
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, H2 × 0A9, Canada; Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
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14
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Ibrahim MIA, Lensink AV, Phaswane RM, Botha CJ. Structural gonadal lesions observed in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) following exposure during puberty to the neonicotinoid pesticide, imidacloprid. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102450. [PMID: 38941762 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to the neonicotinoid insecticide, imidacloprid (IMI), causes reproductive toxicity in mammals and reptiles. However, reports on the effects of IMI on the gonads in birds are grossly lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of pubertal exposure to IMI on the histology, ultrastructure, as well as the cytoskeletal proteins, desmin, smooth muscle actin and vimentin, of the gonads of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Quails were randomly divided into four groups at 5 weeks of age. The control group was given only distilled water, whereas, the other three experimental groups, IMI was administered by oral gavage at 1.55, 3.1, and 6.2 mg/kg, twice per week for 4 weeks. Exposure to IMI doses of 3.1 and 6.2 mg/kg caused dose-dependent histopathological changes in the ovary and testis. In the ovary, accumulation of lymphocytes, degenerative changes, and necrosis with granulocyte infiltrations were observed, while in the testis, distorted seminiferous tubules, germ cell sloughing, vacuolisations, apoptotic bodies, autophagosomes, and mitochondrial damage were detected. These changes were accompanied by a decreased number of primary follicles (P ≤ 0.05) in the ovary and a decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in the epithelial height, luminal, and tubular diameters of seminiferous tubules at the two higher dosages. In addition, IMI had a negative effect on the immunostaining intensity of desmin, smooth muscle actin, and vimentin in the ovarian and testicular tissue. In conclusion, exposure to IMI during puberty can lead to a range of histopathological alterations in the gonads of Japanese quails, which may ultimately result in infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed I A Ibrahim
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
| | - Antoinette V Lensink
- Electron Microscope Unit, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Rephima M Phaswane
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Christo J Botha
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
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Chen WF, Chuang JMJ, Yang SN, Chen NF, Bhattacharya M, Liu HT, Dhama K, Chakraborty C, Wen ZH. Gene expression profiling and the isocitrate dehydrogenase mutational landscape of temozolomide‑resistant glioblastoma. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:378. [PMID: 38939621 PMCID: PMC11209862 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer that occurs more frequently than other brain tumors. The present study aimed to reveal a novel mechanism of temozolomide resistance in GBM using bioinformatics and wet lab analyses, including meta-Z analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network establishment, cluster analysis of co-expressed gene networks, and hierarchical clustering of upregulated and downregulated genes. Next-generation sequencing and quantitative PCR analyses revealed downregulated [tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and epidermal growth factor homology domains 1 (TIE1), calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit α2Δ1 (CACNA2D1), calpain 6 (CAPN6) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 6 (ADAMTS6)] and upregulated [serum amyloid (SA)A1, SAA2, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and ubiquitin specific peptidase 26 (USP26)] genes. Different statistical models were developed for these genes using the Z-score for P-value conversion, and Kaplan-Meier plots were constructed using several patient cohorts with brain tumors. The highest number of nodes was observed in the PPI network was for ADAMTS6 and TIE1. The PPI network model for all genes contained 35 nodes and 241 edges. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type or IDH-mutant GBM samples from patients and a significant upregulation of TIE1 (P<0.001) and CAPN6 (P<0.05) protein expression was demonstrated in IDH-mutant GBM in comparison with IDH-wild-type GBM. Structural analysis revealed an IDH-mutant model demonstrating the mutant residues (R132, R140 and R172). The findings of the present study will help the future development of novel biomarkers and therapeutics for brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jimmy Ming-Jung Chuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - San-Nan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, E-DA Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Nan-Fu Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Center for General Education, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833301, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | | | - Hsin-Tzu Liu
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970374, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Council of Agriculture Research-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700126, India
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Asghar H, Siddiqui A, Batool L, Batool Z, Ahmed T. Post-exposure self-recovery reverses oxidative stress, ameliorates pathology and neurotransmitters imbalance and rescues spatial memory after time-dependent aluminum exposure in rat brain. Biometals 2024; 37:819-838. [PMID: 38233603 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum is a potent neurotoxin, responsible for memory impairment and cognitive dysfunction. The neurotoxic effect of aluminum on cognitive impairment is well documented, however, exposure to aluminum in a time-dependent manner and post-exposure self-recovery still needs to be elaborated. This research aimed to (1) study the time-dependent effect of aluminum exposure by administering a total dose of 5850 mg/kg of Al over two different time periods: 30 and 45 days (130 and 195 mg/kg of AlCl3 respectively), and (2) study 20 days post-exposure self-recovery effect in both aluminum-exposed groups by giving distilled water. Cognitive abilities were investigated through Morris water maze test and hole board test and compared in both exposure and recovery groups. Oxidative stress markers and neurotransmitter levels were measured for both exposure and recovery groups. To understand the mechanism of aluminum exposure and recovery, immunohistochemical analysis of synaptophysin (Syp) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was performed. Results showed cognitive dysfunction, oxidative stress-induced damage, reduced neurotransmitter levels, decreased immunoreactivity of Syp, and increased GFAP. However, these parameters showed a larger improvement in the recovery group where rats were given aluminum for 30 days period in comparison to recovery group followed by 45 days of aluminum exposure. These results suggest that restoration of cognitive ability is affected by the duration of aluminum exposure. The study findings provide us with insight into the adverse effects of aluminum exposure and can be utilized to guide future preventive and therapeutic strategies against aluminum neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humna Asghar
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Alveena Siddiqui
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Laraib Batool
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Batool
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Touqeer Ahmed
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
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17
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Wakimoto Y, Miura Y, Inoue S, Nomura M, Moriyama H. Effects of different combinations of mechanical loading intensity, duration, and frequency on the articular cartilage in mice. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:862. [PMID: 39073659 PMCID: PMC11286701 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09762-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding how healthy articular cartilage responds to mechanical loading is critical. Moderate mechanical loading has positive effects on the cartilage, such as maintaining cartilage homeostasis. The degree of mechanical loading is determined by a combination of intensity, frequency, and duration; however, the best combination of these parameters for knee cartilage remains unclear. This study aimed to determine which combination of intensity, frequency, and duration provides the best mechanical loading on healthy knee articular cartilage in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, 33 male mice were used. Chondrocytes isolated from mouse knee joints were subjected to different cyclic tensile strains (CTSs) and assessed by measuring the expression of cartilage matrix-related genes. Furthermore, the histological characteristics of mouse tibial cartilages were quantified using different treadmill exercises. Chondrocytes and mice were divided into the control group and eight intervention groups: high-intensity, high-frequency, and long-duration; high-intensity, high-frequency, and short-duration; high-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration; high-intensity, low-frequency, and short-duration; low-intensity, high-frequency, and long-duration; low-intensity, high-frequency, and short-duration; low-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration; low-intensity, low-frequency, and short-duration. In low-intensity CTSs, chondrocytes showed anabolic responses by altering the mRNA expression of COL2A1 in short durations and SOX9 in long durations. Furthermore, low-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration treadmill exercises minimized chondrocyte hypertrophy and enhanced aggrecan synthesis in tibial cartilages. CONCLUSION Low-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration mechanical loading is the best combination for healthy knee cartilage to maintain homeostasis and activate anabolic responses. Our findings provide a significant scientific basis for exercise and lifestyle instructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Wakimoto
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tomogaoka 7-10-2, Suma-ku, 654-0142, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Miura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tomogaoka 7-10-2, Suma-ku, 654-0142, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shota Inoue
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tomogaoka 7-10-2, Suma-ku, 654-0142, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masato Nomura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tomogaoka 7-10-2, Suma-ku, 654-0142, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hideki Moriyama
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tomogaoka 7-10-2, Suma-ku, 654-0142, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Jeeunngoi J, Senawong G, Jogloy S, Prompipak J, Samankul A, Utaiwat S, Woranam K, Sripa B, Senawong T. Anticancer Potential of Valencia Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) Skin Extract against Cervical Cancer Cells In Vitro and in Nude Mouse Xenograft Models. Foods 2024; 13:2354. [PMID: 39123546 PMCID: PMC11312182 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of Valencia KK4-type peanut skin ethanolic extract (KK4-PSE) combined with cisplatin or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on HeLa cells in vitro and in xenograft models. At exposure times of 24, 48 and 72 h, KK4-PSE inhibited the growth of HeLa cells with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 79.43 ± 0.54, 55.55 ± 1.57 and 41.32 ± 0.74 µg/mL, respectively. Drug interactions evaluated by the Chou-Talalay method demonstrated that KK4-PSE enhanced antiproliferative activity of 5-FU against HeLa cells with combination index (CI) values of 0.49 (48 h) and 0.60 (72 h), indicating a synergistic effect, while KK4-PSE combined with cisplatin exhibited an additive effect (CI = 1.02) at 72 h, and an antagonistic effect at 24 and 48 h exposures (CI = 1.12 and 1.18, respectively). In nude mouse xenograft models, the combination of 5-FU and KK4-PSE markedly reduced HeLa tumor weights compared with the control and single agent treatments groups. The combination of KK4-PSE and 5-FU achieved greater tumor growth inhibition than that of the KK4-PSE-cisplatin combination. KK4-PSE mitigated hepatotoxicity induced by both cisplatin and 5-FU in nude mice. The spleen hyaloserositis was significantly reduced in the combination treatment of 5-FU and KK4-PSE. These results suggest that KK4-PSE has the potential to limit cervical cancer cell proliferation while reducing the toxicity of cisplatin and 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarckrit Jeeunngoi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.J.); (G.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (S.U.); (K.W.)
| | - Gulsiri Senawong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.J.); (G.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (S.U.); (K.W.)
| | - Sanun Jogloy
- Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Jeerati Prompipak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.J.); (G.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (S.U.); (K.W.)
| | - Arunta Samankul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.J.); (G.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (S.U.); (K.W.)
| | - Suppawit Utaiwat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.J.); (G.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (S.U.); (K.W.)
| | - Khanutsanan Woranam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.J.); (G.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (S.U.); (K.W.)
| | - Banchob Sripa
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Thanaset Senawong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.J.); (G.S.); (J.P.); (A.S.); (S.U.); (K.W.)
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Karaaslanli A, Aşir F, Gürsoy GT, Tuncer MC. Biochanin A restored the blood-brain barrier in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2024; 70:e20240025. [PMID: 39045961 PMCID: PMC11288263 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20240025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blood-brain barrier is a protective layer that regulates the influx and efflux of biological materials for cerebral tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Biochanin A on cerebral histopathology and blood-brain barrier immunohistochemically. METHODS A total of 24 rats were assigned to three groups: sham, ischemia-reperfusion, and ischemia-reperfusion+Biochanin A. Ischemia-reperfusion was performed by occluding the left carotid artery for 2/24 h. Notably, 20 mg/kg Biochanin A was administered to rats for 7 days after ischemia-reperfusion. Blood was collected for malondialdehyde and total oxidant/antioxidant status analysis. Cerebral tissues were processed for histopathology and further for immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS Malondialdehyde content with total oxidant status value was significantly increased and total antioxidant status values were significantly decreased in the ischemia-reperfusion group compared with the sham group. Biochanin A treatment significantly improved scores in the ischemia-reperfusion+Biochanin A group. The normal histological appearance was recorded in the cerebral sections of the sham group. Degenerated neurons and vascular structures with disrupted integrity of the cerebral cortex were observed after ischemia-reperfusion. Biochanin A alleviated the histopathology in the cerebrum in the ischemia-reperfusion+Biochanin A group. Ischemia-reperfusion injury decreased the expression of blood-brain barrier in the ischemia-reperfusion group compared to the sham group. Administration of Biochanin A upregulated the blood-brain barrier immunoreactivity in the cerebrum by restoring blood-brain barrier. CONCLUSION Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion caused an increase in oxidative stress and pathological lesions in the cerebrum. Biochanin A treatment restored the adverse effects of ischemia-reperfusion injury by restoring blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fırat Aşir
- Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology – Diyarbkır, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Cudi Tuncer
- Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy – Diyarbakir, Turkey
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20
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Aşır F, Özalp Z, Yülek ÖU, Erdemci F, Korak T, Taş F. CITED1 expression in odontogenic cysts. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:782. [PMID: 38997708 PMCID: PMC11242007 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Originating from odontogenic tissue, Odontogenic cysts are pathological cavities lined with epithelial cells and surrounded by fibrous connective tissue. This study investigated expression of CITED1 protein in different types of odontogenic cysts. MATERIAL AND METHOD 40 keratocysts, 40 radicular cysts, and 40 dentigerous cysts were excised and processed for routine paraffin wax embedding protocol. Macroscopic and panoramic radiographies images were used for diagnosis. Demographical properties and dental parameters were recorded. Cystic tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin dye and CITED1 antibody. Semi-quantitative analysis was performed for immune staining. The protein-protein interaction network, hub gene detection and KEGG analysis were conducted using Cytoscape software. RESULT Odontogenic keratocysts was imaged with 6-8 layered epithelial cells and fibrous cyst walls with inflammatory cells. Radicular cysts had stratified squamous epithelium with varying thickness, ciliated cells, and Rushton hyaline bodies. Dentigerous cysts presented hyperplastic non-keratinized epithelium, fibrous tissue, rete ridges, and inflammatory cells. CITED1 immunoexpression was highest in odontogenic keratocysts, followed by radicular cysts, and lowest in dentigerous cysts. Nuclear and cytoplasmic CITED1 expression was significantly elevated in odontogenic keratocysts compared to radicular and dentigerous cysts. The top five targets of CITED1 were identified, primarily showing enrichment in hormone and cancer related pathways. CONCLUSIONS Positive CITED1 expression in all three types of odontogenic cysts suggest a potential role for CITED1 in the pathogenesis of odontogenic cysts, particularly in keratocysts. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms underlying the differential expression of CITED1 and its implications for the development and progression of odontogenic cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fırat Aşır
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
| | - Zeki Özalp
- Department of Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Siirt Oral and Dental Health Center, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Özden Uçtu Yülek
- Department of Pathology, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Fikri Erdemci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Tugcan Korak
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Fatih Taş
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
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21
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Ayaz H, Aşır F, Korak T. Skimmianine Showed Neuroprotection against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7373-7385. [PMID: 39057078 PMCID: PMC11276333 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of skimmianine on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Twenty-four female Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups: Sham, Ischemia-Reperfusion (IR), and IR + Skimmianine (40 mg/kg Skimmianine). Cerebral ischemia was induced using a monofilament nylon suture to occlude the middle cerebral artery for 60 min. Following 23 h of reperfusion, the animals were sacrificed 14 days later. The effects of skimmianine on brain tissue post-IR injury were examined through biochemical and immunochemical analyses. In silico analysis using the Enrichr platform explored skimmianine's potential biological processes involving IBA-1, IL-6, and NF-κB proteins. In the IR group, MDA levels increased, while SOD and CAT antioxidant enzyme activities decreased. In the IR + Skimmianine group, skimmianine treatment resulted in decreased MDA levels and increased SOD and CAT activities. Significant increases in IBA-1 expression were observed in the IR group, which skimmianine treatment significantly reduced, modulating microglial activation. High levels of IL-6 expression were noted in pyramidal neurons, vascular structures, and neuroglial cells in the IR group; skimmianine treatment reduced IL-6 expression, demonstrating anti-inflammatory effects. Increased NF-κB expression was observed in neurons and blood vessels in the gray and white matter in the IR group; skimmianine treatment reduced NF-κB expression. Gene Ontology results suggest skimmianine impacts immune and inflammatory responses via IBA-1 and IL-6, with potential effects on estrogen mechanisms mediated by NF-κB. Skimmianine may be a potential therapeutic strategy due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on cerebral IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Ayaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Fırat Aşır
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Tuğcan Korak
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41001 Kocaeli, Turkey;
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22
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Cheng JH, Jhan SW, Chen PC, Hsu SL, Wang CJ, Moya D, Wu YN, Huang CY, Chou WY, Wu KT. Enhancement of hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration in a rat osteochondral defect model through focused extracorporeal shockwave therapy. Bone Joint Res 2024; 13:342-352. [PMID: 38977271 PMCID: PMC11311209 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.137.bjr-2023-0264.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims To explore the efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in the treatment of osteochondral defect (OCD), and its effects on the levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, -3, -4, -5, and -7 in terms of cartilage and bone regeneration. Methods The OCD lesion was created on the trochlear groove of left articular cartilage of femur per rat (40 rats in total). The experimental groups were Sham, OCD, and ESWT (0.25 mJ/mm2, 800 impulses, 4 Hz). The animals were euthanized at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-treatment, and histopathological analysis, micro-CT scanning, and immunohistochemical staining were performed for the specimens. Results In the histopathological analysis, the macro-morphological grading scale showed a significant increase, while the histological score and cartilage repair scale of ESWT exhibited a significant decrease compared to OCD at the 8- and 12-week timepoints. At the 12-week follow-up, ESWT exhibited a significant improvement in the volume of damaged bone compared to OCD. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry analysis revealed a significant decrease in type I collagen and a significant increase in type II collagen within the newly formed hyaline cartilage following ESWT, compared to OCD. Finally, SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9), aggrecan, and TGF-β, BMP-2, -3, -4, -5, and -7 were significantly higher in ESWT than in OCD at 12 weeks. Conclusion ESWT promoted the effect of TGF-β/BMPs, thereby modulating the production of extracellular matrix proteins and transcription factor involved in the regeneration of articular cartilage and subchondral bone in an OCD rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai-Hong Cheng
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Leisure and Sports Management, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Wun Jhan
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Ling Hsu
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jen Wang
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Moya
- Buenos Aires British Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yi-No Wu
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yiu Huang
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yi Chou
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Wu
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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do Prado D, Boia-Ferreia M, da Justa HC, Senff-Ribeiro A, Padilha SL. Insulin inhibits melanoma tumor growth through the expression of activating transcription factor 4, without detectable expression of transcription factor CHOP: an in vivo model. An Bras Dermatol 2024; 99:587-591. [PMID: 38658239 PMCID: PMC11221150 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel do Prado
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Andrea Senff-Ribeiro
- Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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24
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Ribeiro AB, de Melo MRS, de Melo Junqueira M, Rodrigues MGL, de Souza TO, Fernandes G, Santos MFC, Ambrósio SR, Bastos JK, Tavares DC. Efficacy and safety of guttiferone E in melanoma-bearing mice. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5265-5274. [PMID: 38270618 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma, an aggressive and potentially fatal skin cancer, is constrained by immunosuppression, resistance, and high toxicity in its treatment. Consequently, there is an urgent need for innovative antineoplastic agents. Therefore, this study investigated the antimelanoma potential of guttiferone E (GE). In an allogeneic murine B16 melanoma model, GE was administered subcutaneously and intraperitoneally. Antitumor evaluation included tumor volume/weight measurements and histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, the toxicity of the treatments was evaluated through body/organ weights, biochemical parameters, and genotoxicity. Subcutaneous administration of 20 mg/kg of GE resulted in a significant reduction in both tumor volume and weight, effectively suppressing melanoma cell proliferation as evidenced by a decrease in mitotic figures. The tumor growth inhibition rate was equivalent to 54%. This treatment upregulated cleaved caspase-3, indicating apoptosis induction. On the other hand, intraperitoneal administration of GE showed no antimelanoma effect. Remarkably, GE treatments exhibited no toxicity, evidenced by non-significant differences in body weight gain, as well as organ weight, biochemical parameters of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, and genotoxic damage. This study revealed, for the first time, the efficacy of subcutaneous administration of GE in reducing melanoma, in the absence of toxicity. Furthermore, it was observed that the apoptotic signaling pathway is involved in the antimelanoma property of GE. These findings offer valuable insights for further exploring GE's therapeutic applications in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Barcelos Ribeiro
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, 14404-600, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Reis Santos de Melo
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Marcela de Melo Junqueira
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Mônica Garcia Leal Rodrigues
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Thiago Olimpio de Souza
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Fernandes
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, 14404-600, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio Ricardo Ambrósio
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Denise Crispim Tavares
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, 14404-600, Brazil.
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Keopaseuth S, Pringproa K, Patchanee P, Setthawongsin C, Techangamsuwan S, Chuammitri P. Divergent DNA methylation patterns and gene expression in MYC and CDKN2B in canine transmissible venereal tumors. Vet World 2024; 17:1581-1590. [PMID: 39185058 PMCID: PMC11344115 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.1581-1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT), a unique transmissible cancer in dogs, affects the external genitalia and potentially spreads to other parts of the body. While somatic mutations in oncogenic and tumor-suppressing genes are linked to CTVT development, the impact of DNA methylation, which affects gene expression, remains unclear. This study explored whether DNA methylation in the promoter regions of the MYC oncogene and CDKN2B tumor suppressor genes in CTVTs is associated with their expression, both at the gene and protein levels. Materials and Methods To investigate promoter DNA methylation of MYC and CDKN2B in CTVTs, we analyzed frozen tissue samples from genital CTVT (GTVTs) and extragenital CTVT (ETVTs). Genomic DNA was extracted, bisulfite-treated, and analyzed using bisulfite polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. The messenger RNA and protein of MYC and CDKN2B were also extracted and assessed by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Matching formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks were used for immunohistochemical staining to visualize protein distribution in GTVT and ETVT tissues. Results Although both GTVT and ETVT samples showed MYC promoter methylation, the extent of methylation differed significantly. GTVTs displayed a much higher degree of methylation, potentially explaining the more pronounced downregulation of MYC gene expression and reduction in c-MYC protein levels observed in GTVTs compared with ETVTs. Our data revealed a prevalent hypermethylation pattern in the CDKN2B promoter across both sample types. However, DNA methylation, which was expected to have a suppressive effect, did not correlate with gene/protein expression. GTVTs displayed high protein levels despite significantly reduced CDKN2B expression. Conversely, ETVTs maintained regular CDKN2B expression but exhibited reduced protein production, suggesting a complex interplay between methylation and expression in these tumors. Conclusion MYC demonstrated a clear association between its promoter methylation status, gene expression, and protein levels; however, CDKN2B lacked this correlation, implying the involvement of methylation-independent regulatory mechanisms and highlighting the need for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukkangna Keopaseuth
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100 Thailand
| | - Kidsadagon Pringproa
- Veterinary Bioscience Unit, Veterinary Academic Office, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100 Thailand
| | - Prapas Patchanee
- Veterinary Academic Office, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100 Thailand
| | - Chanokchon Setthawongsin
- Department of Veterinary Nursing, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Somporn Techangamsuwan
- Center of Excellence for Companion Animal Cancer, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Phongsakorn Chuammitri
- Veterinary Bioscience Unit, Veterinary Academic Office, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100 Thailand
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Jackeline Pérez-Vega M, Manuel Corral-Ruiz G, Galán-Salinas A, Silva-García R, Mancilla-Herrera I, Barrios-Payán J, Fabila-Castillo L, Hernández-Pando R, Enid Sánchez-Torres L. Acute lung injury is prevented by monocyte locomotion inhibitory factor in an experimental severe malaria mouse model. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152823. [PMID: 38861873 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury caused by severe malaria (SM) is triggered by a dysregulated immune response towards the infection with Plasmodium parasites. Postmortem analysis of human lungs shows diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), the presence of CD8 lymphocytes, neutrophils, and increased expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1). P. berghei ANKA (PbA) infection in C57BL/6 mice reproduces many SM features, including acute lung injury characterized by DAD, CD8+ T lymphocytes and neutrophils in the lung parenchyma, and tissular expression of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, such as IFNγ, TNFα, ICAM, and VCAM. Since this is related to a dysregulated immune response, immunomodulatory agents are proposed to reduce the complications of SM. The monocyte locomotion inhibitory factor (MLIF) is an immunomodulatory pentapeptide isolated from axenic cultures of Entamoeba hystolitica. Thus, we evaluated if the MLIF intraperitoneal (i.p.) treatment prevented SM-induced acute lung injury. The peptide prevented SM without a parasiticidal effect, indicating that its protective effect was related to modifications in the immune response. Furthermore, peripheral CD8+ leukocytes and neutrophil proportions were higher in infected treated mice. However, the treatment prevented DAD, CD8+ cell infiltration into the pulmonary tissue and downregulated IFNγ. Moreover, VCAM-1 expression was abrogated. These results indicate that the MLIF treatment downregulated adhesion molecule expression, impeding cell migration and proinflammatory cytokine tissular production, preventing acute lung injury induced by SM. Our findings represent a potential novel strategy to avoid this complication in various events where a dysregulated immune response triggers lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Jackeline Pérez-Vega
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Posgrado en Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Manuel Corral-Ruiz
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Posgrado en Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Adrian Galán-Salinas
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Raúl Silva-García
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, Hospital de Pediatría, CMN-Siglo XXI, IMSS, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ismael Mancilla-Herrera
- Departamento de Infectología e Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Barrios-Payán
- Sección de Patología Experimental, Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Sección de Patología Experimental, Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Luvia Enid Sánchez-Torres
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Kim HM, Jo HS, Kim EJ, Na JM, Park HK, Han JY, Kim KH, Choi I, Song MK. The Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cognition in Diffuse Axonal Injury in a Rat Model. Neurol Int 2024; 16:689-700. [PMID: 39051213 PMCID: PMC11270180 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint16040052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) following sudden acceleration and deceleration can lead to cognitive function decline. Various treatments have been proposed. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive stimulation technique, is a potential treatment for enhancing neuroplasticity in cases of brain injury. The therapeutic efficacy of rTMS on cognitive function remains unconfirmed. This study investigated the effects of rTMS and the underlying molecular biomechanisms using a rat model of DAI. Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 18) were randomly divided into two groups: one receiving rTMS after DAI and the other without brain stimulation. All rats were subjected to sudden acceleration and deceleration using a DAI modeling machine to induce damage. MRI was performed to confirm the DAI lesion. The experimental group received rTMS at a frequency of 1 Hz over the frontal cortex for 10 min daily for five days. To assess spatial memory, we conducted the Morris water maze (MWM) test one day post-brain damage and one day after the five-day intervention. A video tracking system recorded the escape latency. After post-MWM tests, all rats were euthanized, and their brain tissues, particularly from the hippocampus, were collected for immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses. The escape latency showed no difference on the MWM test after DAI, but a significant difference was observed after rTMS between the two groups. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses indicated increased expression of BDNF, VEGF, and MAP2 in the hippocampal brain tissue of the DAI-T group. In conclusion, rTMS improved cognitive function in the DAI rat model. The increased expression of BDNF, VEGF, and MAP2 in the DAI-T group supports the potential use of rTMS in treating cognitive impairments associated with DAI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Insung Choi
- Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea; (H.-M.K.); (H.-S.J.); (E.-J.K.); (J.-M.N.); (H.-K.P.); white-- (J.-Y.H.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - Min-Keun Song
- Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea; (H.-M.K.); (H.-S.J.); (E.-J.K.); (J.-M.N.); (H.-K.P.); white-- (J.-Y.H.); (K.-H.K.)
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28
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Aşır F, Erdemci F, Çankırı Z, Korak T, Başaran SÖ, Kaplan Ö, Yükselmiş Ö, Dönmezdil N, Ayaz H, Kaplan Ş, Tunik S. Zonisamide Ameliorated the Apoptosis and Inflammation in Cerebellar Tissue of Induced Alcohol Addiction Animal Model. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:795. [PMID: 39063550 PMCID: PMC11278003 DOI: 10.3390/life14070795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of zonisamide treatment on cerebellar tissues in an experimental alcohol addiction (AA) model and its potential mechanisms of action, particularly regarding apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (APAF-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression. Thirty rats were divided into three groups: sham, ethanol (EtOH), and EtOH + zonisamide. AA was induced by administering 6 cc of EtOH orally every 8 h for 4 days. Zonisamide (100 mg/kg) was given to rats once daily before EtOH administration. Motor defects were evaluated using an open field maze. Serum TNF-α levels were measured from blood samples. Cerebellar sections were processed for histological examination and immunostained for APAF-1 and TNF-α. Protein interaction networks were constructed using Cytoscape, and functional annotations were performed with ShinyGO (version 0.80) software. The traveled area in the EtOH group was significantly reduced compared to the sham group (p = 0.0005). Rats in the EtOH + zonisamide group covered a larger area, with zonisamide treatment significantly improving locomotor ability compared to the EtOH group (p = 0.0463). Serum TNF-α levels were significantly elevated in the EtOH group compared to the sham group (p < 0.0001) and were significantly decreased in the EtOH + zonisamide group compared to the EtOH group (p = 0.0309). Regular cerebellar histological layers were observed in the sham group, while EtOH induction caused loss of cerebellar tissue integrity, neuronal degeneration, vascular dilatation and congestion, reduced myelin density, and neuropils in the EtOH group. Zonisamide treatment improved these pathologies, enhancing myelination and neuropil formation. Negative APAF-1 and TNF-α expressions were observed across cerebellar layers in the sham group. Due to EtOH toxicity, APAF-1 and TNF-α expression were upregulated in the EtOH group compared to the sham group (p < 0.001 for both). Zonisamide treatment downregulated these protein expressions in the EtOH + zonisamide group compared to the EtOH group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.0087, respectively). APAF-1 was primarily associated with AA through antifolate resistance, endopeptidases, and the interleukin-1 pathway, while TNF-α was predominantly enriched in infections and choline-binding, indicating zonisamide's impact on immune and inflammatory pathways. In conclusion, zonisamide treatment significantly mitigated ethanol-induced cerebellar damage and inflammation in an AA model. Zonisamide improved locomotor function and reduced serum TNF-α levels, as well as APAF-1 and TNF-α expression in cerebellar tissues. These findings suggest that zonisamide exerts its protective effects by modulating immune and inflammatory pathways, thereby preserving cerebellar integrity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fırat Aşır
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Fikri Erdemci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Çankırı
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Tuğcan Korak
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41001 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Süreyya Özdemir Başaran
- Department of Andrology, Gazi Yasargil Education and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 21090 Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Özge Kaplan
- Department of Andrology, Gazi Yasargil Education and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 21090 Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Özkan Yükselmiş
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Diyarbakır Dağ Kapı State Hospital, 21100 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Dönmezdil
- Department of Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mardin Artuklu University, 47200 Mardin, Turkey
| | - Hayat Ayaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Şehmus Kaplan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Selçuk Tunik
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
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29
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Kochumon S, Malik MZ, Sindhu S, Arefanian H, Jacob T, Bahman F, Nizam R, Hasan A, Thomas R, Al-Rashed F, Shenouda S, Wilson A, Albeloushi S, Almansour N, Alhamar G, Al Madhoun A, Alzaid F, Thanaraj TA, Koistinen HA, Tuomilehto J, Al-Mulla F, Ahmad R. Gut Dysbiosis Shaped by Cocoa Butter-Based Sucrose-Free HFD Leads to Steatohepatitis, and Insulin Resistance in Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:1929. [PMID: 38931284 PMCID: PMC11207001 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-fat diets cause gut dysbiosis and promote triglyceride accumulation, obesity, gut permeability changes, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Both cocoa butter and fish oil are considered to be a part of healthy diets. However, their differential effects on gut microbiome perturbations in mice fed high concentrations of these fats, in the absence of sucrose, remains to be elucidated. The aim of the study was to test whether the sucrose-free cocoa butter-based high-fat diet (C-HFD) feeding in mice leads to gut dysbiosis that associates with a pathologic phenotype marked by hepatic steatosis, low-grade inflammation, perturbed glucose homeostasis, and insulin resistance, compared with control mice fed the fish oil based high-fat diet (F-HFD). RESULTS C57BL/6 mice (5-6 mice/group) were fed two types of high fat diets (C-HFD and F-HFD) for 24 weeks. No significant difference was found in the liver weight or total body weight between the two groups. The 16S rRNA sequencing of gut bacterial samples displayed gut dysbiosis in C-HFD group, with differentially-altered microbial diversity or relative abundances. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were highly abundant in C-HFD group, while the Verrucomicrobia, Saccharibacteria (TM7), Actinobacteria, and Tenericutes were more abundant in F-HFD group. Other taxa in C-HFD group included the Bacteroides, Odoribacter, Sutterella, Firmicutes bacterium (AF12), Anaeroplasma, Roseburia, and Parabacteroides distasonis. An increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in C-HFD group, compared with F-HFD group, indicated the gut dysbiosis. These gut bacterial changes in C-HFD group had predicted associations with fatty liver disease and with lipogenic, inflammatory, glucose metabolic, and insulin signaling pathways. Consistent with its microbiome shift, the C-HFD group showed hepatic inflammation and steatosis, high fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, increased hepatic de novo lipogenesis (Acetyl CoA carboxylases 1 (Acaca), Fatty acid synthase (Fasn), Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (Scd1), Elongation of long-chain fatty acids family member 6 (Elovl6), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (Pparg) and cholesterol synthesis (β-(hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (Hmgcr). Non-significant differences were observed regarding fatty acid uptake (Cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), Fatty acid binding protein-1 (Fabp1) and efflux (ATP-binding cassette G1 (Abcg1), Microsomal TG transfer protein (Mttp) in C-HFD group, compared with F-HFD group. The C-HFD group also displayed increased gene expression of inflammatory markers including Tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnfa), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (Ccl2), and Interleukin-12 (Il12), as well as a tendency for liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the sucrose-free C-HFD feeding in mice induces gut dysbiosis which associates with liver inflammation, steatosis, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihab Kochumon
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Md. Zubbair Malik
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Hossein Arefanian
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Texy Jacob
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Fatemah Bahman
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Rasheeba Nizam
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Amal Hasan
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Reeby Thomas
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Fatema Al-Rashed
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Steve Shenouda
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Ajit Wilson
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Shaima Albeloushi
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Nourah Almansour
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Ghadeer Alhamar
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Fawaz Alzaid
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Heikki A. Koistinen
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland;
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland;
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland;
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (M.Z.M.); (S.S.); (H.A.); (T.J.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (A.H.); (R.T.); (F.A.-R.); (S.S.); (A.W.); (S.A.); (N.A.); (G.A.); (A.A.M.); (F.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
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30
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Yip M, Ren L, Liang J, Chen X, Liu N, Du A, Wang J, Chang H, Oh H, Zhou C, Xing R, Xu M, Guo P, Gessler D, Xie J, Tai PW, Gao G, Wang D. Producing high-quantity and high-quality recombinant adeno-associated virus by low-cis triple transfection. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101230. [PMID: 38558570 PMCID: PMC10979107 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-based gene therapy is entering clinical and commercial stages at an unprecedented pace. Triple transfection of HEK293 cells is currently the most widely used platform for rAAV manufacturing. Here, we develop low-cis triple transfection that decreases transgene plasmid use by 10- to 100-fold and overcomes several major limitations associated with standard triple transfection. This new method improves packaging of yield-inhibiting transgenes by up to 10-fold, and generates rAAV batches with reduced plasmid backbone contamination that otherwise cannot be eliminated in downstream processing. When tested in mice and compared with rAAV produced by standard triple transfection, low-cis rAAV shows comparable or superior potency and results in diminished plasmid backbone DNA and RNA persistence in tissue. Mechanistically, low-cis triple transfection relies on the extensive replication of transgene cassette (i.e., inverted terminal repeat-flanked vector DNA) in HEK293 cells during production phase. This cost-effective method can be easily implemented and is widely applicable to producing rAAV of high quantity, purity, and potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Mitchell Yip
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Lingzhi Ren
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jialing Liang
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Xiupeng Chen
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Nan Liu
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ailing Du
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jiaming Wang
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Hao Chang
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Hyejin Oh
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Chen Zhou
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ruxiao Xing
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Mengyao Xu
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Peiyi Guo
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Dominic Gessler
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Phillip W.L. Tai
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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31
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Samarelli AV, Tonelli R, Raineri G, Mastrolia I, Costantini M, Fabbiani L, Catani V, Petrachi T, Bruzzi G, Andrisani D, Gozzi F, Marchioni A, Masciale V, Aramini B, Ruggieri V, Grisendi G, Dominici M, Cerri S, Clini E. Expression of HOXB7 in the Lung of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1321. [PMID: 38927528 PMCID: PMC11201217 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular pathways involved in the onset and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) still need to be fully clarified as some are shared with lung cancer development. HOXB7, a member of the homeobox (Hox) gene family, has been found involved in various cancers. METHODS Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was run on lung tissue samples from surgical lung biopsy (SLB) of 19 patients with IPF, retrospectively selected from the IPF database of the University Hospital of Modena. HOXB7 expression was analyzed and compared with that of five patients with no evidence of pulmonary fibrosis as controls. RESULTS The semi-quantitative analysis of IHC showed that HOXB7 protein expression was higher in IPF patients compared to controls (difference between means = 6.2 ± 2.37, p = 0.0157). Further, HOXB7 expression was higher in IPF patients with a higher extent of fibrosis (50-75%)-measured with high-resolution computer tomography-compared to those with a lower extent (0-25%) (difference between means = 25.74 ± 6.72, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS The expression of HOXB7 is higher in the lung of IPF patients compared to controls, and was represented in different cellular compartments within the lung niche. Further investigations are needed to clarify its role in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (G.R.); (G.B.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (S.C.); (E.C.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Tonelli
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (G.R.); (G.B.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (S.C.); (E.C.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Raineri
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (G.R.); (G.B.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (S.C.); (E.C.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Ilenia Mastrolia
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (I.M.); (V.C.); (V.M.); (G.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Matteo Costantini
- Pathology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (M.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Luca Fabbiani
- Pathology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (M.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Virginia Catani
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (I.M.); (V.C.); (V.M.); (G.G.); (M.D.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Tiziana Petrachi
- Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, Via 29 Maggio 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy;
| | - Giulia Bruzzi
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (G.R.); (G.B.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (S.C.); (E.C.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Dario Andrisani
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (G.R.); (G.B.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (S.C.); (E.C.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Filippo Gozzi
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (G.R.); (G.B.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (S.C.); (E.C.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marchioni
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (G.R.); (G.B.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (S.C.); (E.C.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Valentina Masciale
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (I.M.); (V.C.); (V.M.); (G.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Beatrice Aramini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC of the Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, GB Morgagni-L Pierantoni Hospital, 47121 Forlì, Italy;
| | - Valentina Ruggieri
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (G.R.); (G.B.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (S.C.); (E.C.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (I.M.); (V.C.); (V.M.); (G.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (I.M.); (V.C.); (V.M.); (G.G.); (M.D.)
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Cerri
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (G.R.); (G.B.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (S.C.); (E.C.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Enrico Clini
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (A.V.S.); (G.R.); (G.B.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (V.R.); (S.C.); (E.C.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
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Chua V, Lopez-Anton M, Mizue Terai, Ryota Tanaka, Baqai U, Purwin TJ, Haj JI, Waltrich FJ, Trachtenberg I, Luo K, Tudi R, Jeon A, Han A, Chervoneva I, Davies MA, Aguirre-Ghiso JA, Sato T, Aplin AE. Slow proliferation of BAP1-deficient uveal melanoma cells is associated with reduced S6 signaling and resistance to nutrient stress. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eadn8376. [PMID: 38861613 PMCID: PMC11328427 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adn8376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the deadliest form of eye cancer in adults. Inactivating mutations and/or loss of expression of the gene encoding BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) in UM tumors are associated with an increased risk of metastasis. To investigate the mechanisms underlying this risk, we explored the functional consequences of BAP1 deficiency. UM cell lines expressing mutant BAP1 grew more slowly than those expressing wild-type BAP1 in culture and in vivo. The ability of BAP1 reconstitution to restore cell proliferation in BAP1-deficient cells required its deubiquitylase activity. Proteomic analysis showed that BAP1-deficient cells had decreased phosphorylation of ribosomal S6 and its upstream regulator, p70S6K1, compared with both wild-type and BAP1 reconstituted cells. In turn, expression of p70S6K1 increased S6 phosphorylation and proliferation of BAP1-deficient UM cells. Consistent with these findings, BAP1 mutant primary UM tumors expressed lower amounts of p70S6K1 target genes, and S6 phosphorylation was decreased in BAP1 mutant patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), which grew more slowly than wild-type PDXs in the liver (the main metastatic site of UM) in mice. BAP1-deficient UM cells were also more resistant to amino acid starvation, which was associated with diminished phosphorylation of S6. These studies demonstrate that BAP1 deficiency slows the proliferation of UM cells through regulation of S6 phosphorylation. These characteristics may be associated with metastasis by ensuring survival during amino acid starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Chua
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA 6027 Australia
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA 6027 Australia
| | - Melisa Lopez-Anton
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Oncological Sciences, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Mizue Terai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, 545-8585 Japan
| | - Usman Baqai
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Timothy J Purwin
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Jelan I Haj
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Francis J Waltrich
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Isabella Trachtenberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Kristine Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Rohith Tudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Angela Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Anna Han
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Inna Chervoneva
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Michael A Davies
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Julio A Aguirre-Ghiso
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
- Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | - Takami Sato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Andrew E Aplin
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
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McAllister IL, Vijayasekaran S, McLenachan S, Bhikoo R, Chen FK, Zhang D, Kanagalingam E, Yu DY. Cytokine Levels in Experimental Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Treated With Either Bevacizumab or Triamcinolone Acetonide. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:13. [PMID: 38899953 PMCID: PMC11193067 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.6.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare gene expression changes following branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in the pig with and without bevacizumab (BEV) and triamcinolone acetonide (TA). Methods Photothrombotic BRVOs were created in both eyes of four groups of nine pigs (2, 6, 10, and 20 days). In each group, six pigs received intravitreal injections of BEV in one eye and TA in the fellow eye, with three pigs serving as untreated BRVO controls. Three untreated pigs served as healthy controls. Expression of mRNA of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), dystrophin (DMD), potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 10 protein (Kir4.1, KCNJ10), aquaporin-4 (AQP4), stromal cell-derived factor-1α (CXCL12), interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-8 (IL8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) were analyzed by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Retinal VEGF protein levels were characterized by immunohistochemistry. Results In untreated eyes, BRVO significantly increased expression of GFAP, IL8, CCL2, ICAM1, HSF1, and AQP4. Expression of VEGF, KCNJ10, and CXCL12 was significantly reduced by 6 days post-BRVO, with expression recovering to healthy control levels by day 20. Treatment with BEV or TA significantly increased VEGF, DMD, and IL6 expression compared with untreated BRVO eyes and suppressed BRVO-induced CCL2 and AQP4 upregulation, as well as recovery of KCNJ10 expression, at 10 to 20 days post-BRVO. Conclusions Inflammation and cellular osmohomeostasis rather than VEGF suppression appear to play important roles in BRVO-induced retinal neurodegeneration, enhanced in both BEV- and TA-treated retinas. Translational Relevance Inner retinal neurodegeneration seen in this acute model of BRVO appears to be mediated by inflammation and alterations in osmohomeostasis rather than VEGF inhibition, which may have implications for more specific treatment modalities in the acute phase of BRVO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian L. McAllister
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarojini Vijayasekaran
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Samuel McLenachan
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Riyaz Bhikoo
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fred K. Chen
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dan Zhang
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Emily Kanagalingam
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dao-Yi Yu
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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Wong TW, Rai V, Dong F, Tkalcic S, Aguilar JS, Dawes ME. Research Note: Bovine lactoferrin in chickens: an investigation into its viability as an antibiotic alternative. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103658. [PMID: 38593548 PMCID: PMC11016783 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Finding effective antibiotic alternatives is crucial to managing the re-emerging health risk of Clostridium perfringens (CP) type A/G-induced avian necrotic enteritis (NE), a disease that has regained prominence in the wake of governmental restrictions on antibiotic use in poultry. Known for its antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects, the use of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) in chickens is yet to be fully explored. In this study, we hypothesized that bLF can accumulate in the small intestines of healthy chickens through gavage and intramuscular supplementation and serves as a potential antibiotic alternative. Immunohistochemistry located bLF in various layers of the small intestines and ELISA testing confirmed its accumulation. Surprisingly, sham-treated chickens also showed the presence of bLF, prompting a western blotting analysis that dismissed the notion of cross-reactivity between bLF and the avian protein ovotransferrin. Although the significance of the route of administration remains inconclusive, this study supports the hypothesis that bLF is a promising and safe antibiotic alternative with demonstrated resistance to the degradative environment of the chicken intestines. Further studies are needed to determine its beneficial pharmacological effects in CP-infected chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa W Wong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Fanglong Dong
- College of Podiatric Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Suzana Tkalcic
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | | | - Maisie E Dawes
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
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Pani S, Senapati U, Pati B, Sahu B, Swalsingh G, Pani P, Rout S, Achary KG, Bal NC. Developmental dynamics of mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins in functionally divergent skeletal muscles of goat. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16002. [PMID: 38831632 PMCID: PMC11148127 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
During skeletal muscle development, the intricate mitochondrial network formation relies on continuous fission and fusion. This process in larger mammals differs from rodents, the most used animal models. However, the expression pattern of proteins regulating mitochondrial dynamics in developing skeletal muscle remains unexplored in larger mammals. Therefore, we characterized the cellular expression and tissue-level distribution of these proteins during development taking goat as a model. We have performed histological and immunohistochemical analyses to study metabolic features in various muscles. Neonatal muscles display uniform distribution of mitochondrial activity. In contrast, adult muscles exhibit clear distinctions based on their function, whether dedicated for posture maintenance or facilitating locomotion. Mitochondrial fission proteins like DRP-1, MFF, and fusion proteins like MFN-1 and 2 are abundantly expressed in neonatal muscles. Fission proteins exhibit drastic downregulation with limited peripheral expression, whereas fusion proteins continue to express in a fiber-specific manner during adulthood. Locomotory muscles exhibit different fibers based on mitochondrial activity and peripheralization with high SDH activity. The proximity ligation assay between MFN1 and MFN2 demonstrates that their interaction is restricted to subsarcolemmal mitochondria in adult fibers while distributed evenly in neonatal fibers. These differences between postural and locomotory muscles suggest their physiological and metabolic properties are different.
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Grants
- ECR/ 2016/001247 DST | Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB)
- BT/RLF/Re-entry/41/2014 Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India (DBT)
- BT/PR28935/MED/30/2035/2018 Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India (DBT)
- 45/3/2019/PHY/BMS Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
- 45/9/2020-PHY/BMS Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
- 09/1035(0011)/2017-EMR-I CSIR | Human Resource Development Group (HRDG)
- DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2018/IF180892 Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India (DST)
- DST | Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB)
- Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India (DBT)
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
- CSIR | Human Resource Development Group (HRDG)
- Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India (DST)
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Pani
- School of BiotechnologyKIIT UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
| | - Unmod Senapati
- School of BiotechnologyKIIT UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
| | - Benudhara Pati
- School of BiotechnologyKIIT UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
| | | | | | - Punyadhara Pani
- School of BiotechnologyKIIT UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
| | - Subhasmita Rout
- School of BiotechnologyKIIT UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
| | | | - Naresh C. Bal
- School of BiotechnologyKIIT UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
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Suwatthanarak T, Tanjak P, Chaiboonchoe A, Acharayothin O, Thanormjit K, Chanthercrob J, Suwatthanarak T, Niyomchan A, Tanaka M, Okochi M, Pongpaibul A, Chalermwai WV, Trakarnsanga A, Methasate A, Pithukpakorn M, Chinswangwatanakul V. Overexpression of TSPAN8 in consensus molecular subtype 3 colorectal cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 2024; 137:104911. [PMID: 38861838 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) have been proposed as a robust transcriptome-based classification system for colorectal cancer (CRC). Tetraspanins (TSPANs) are transmembrane proteins. They have been associated with the development of numerous malignancies, including CRC, through their role as "master organizers" for multi-molecular membrane complexes. No previous study has investigated the correlation between TSPANs and CMS classification. Herein, we investigated the expression of TSPANs in patient-derived primary CRC tissues and their CMS classifications. METHODS RNA samples were derived from primary CRC tissues (n = 100 patients diagnosed with colorectal adenocarcinoma) and subjected to RNA sequencing for transcriptome-based CMS classification and TSPAN-relevant analyses. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) stains were conducted to observe the protein expression level. To evaluate the relative biological pathways, gene-set enrichment analysis was performed. RESULTS Of the highly expressed TSPAN genes in CRC tissues (TSPAN8, TSPAN29, and TSPAN30), TSPAN8 was notably overexpressed in CMS3-classified primary tissues. The overexpression of TSPAN8 protein in CMS3 CRC was also observed by IHC and IF staining. As a result of gene-set enrichment analysis, TSPAN8 may potentially play a role in organizing signaling complexes for kinase-based metabolic deregulation in CMS3 CRC. CONCLUSIONS The present study reports the overexpression of TSPAN8 in CMS3 CRC. This study proposes TSPAN8 as a subtype-specific biomarker for CMS3 CRC. This finding provides a foundation for future CMS-based studies of CRC, a complex disease and the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanawat Suwatthanarak
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pariyada Tanjak
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amphun Chaiboonchoe
- Siriraj Center of Systems Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Precision Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onchira Acharayothin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kullanist Thanormjit
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jantappapa Chanthercrob
- Siriraj Center of Systems Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Precision Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tharathorn Suwatthanarak
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apichaya Niyomchan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mina Okochi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ananya Pongpaibul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wipapat Vicki Chalermwai
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Atthaphorn Trakarnsanga
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Asada Methasate
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Manop Pithukpakorn
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Precision Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Siriraj Genomics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vitoon Chinswangwatanakul
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Zheng C, Jiang P, Hu S, Tang Y, Dou L. Characterization of cells in blood evoked from periapical tissues in immature teeth with pulp necrosis and their potential for autologous cell therapy in Regenerative Endodontics. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 162:105957. [PMID: 38471313 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to isolate, characterize progenitor cells from blood in the root canals of necrotic immature permanent teeth evoked from periapical tissues and evaluate the applicable potential of these isolated cells in Regenerative Endodontics. DESIGN Ten necrotic immature permanent teeth from seven patients were included. Evoked bleeding from periapical tissues was induced after chemical instrumentation of the root canals. Cells were isolated from the canal blood and evaluated for cell surface marker expression, multilineage differentiation potential, proliferation ability, and target protein expression. Cell sheets formed from these cells were transferred into human root segments, and then transplanted into nude mice. Histological examination was performed after eight weeks. Data analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc comparison, considering p < 0.05 as statistically significant. RESULTS The isolated cells exhibited characteristics typical of fibroblastic cells with colony-forming efficiency, and displayed Ki67 positivity and robust proliferation. Flow cytometry data demonstrated that at passage 3, these cells were positive for CD73, CD90, CD105, CD146, and negative for CD34 and CD45. Vimentin expression indicated a mesenchymal origin. Under differentiation media specific differentiation media, the cells demonstrated osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation potential. Subcutaneous root canals with cell sheets of isolated cells in nude mice showed the formation of pulp-like tissues. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the presence of progenitor cells in root canals following evoked bleeding from periapical tissues of necrotic immature teeth. Isolated cells exhibited similar immunophenotype and regenerative potential with dental mesenchymal stromal cells in regenerative endodontic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxiang Zheng
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Peiru Jiang
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Shan Hu
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yin Tang
- School of Dental Medicine Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Lei Dou
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
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Kim DH, Yoon JY, Lee JH, Suh DH. Alterations in epidermal stem cells within the pilosebaceous unit in atrophic acne scars. Australas J Dermatol 2024; 65:311-318. [PMID: 38419202 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.14224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrophic acne scarring is a common sequela of inflammatory acne, causing significant problems for affected patients. Although prolonged inflammation and subsequent aberrant tissue regeneration are considered the underlying pathogenesis, the role of epidermal stem cells, which are crucial to the regeneration of pilosebaceous units, remains unknown. OBJECTIVES To examine the changes occurring in epidermal stem cells in atrophic acne scars. METHODS Changes in collagen, elastic fibre and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR expression were analysed in normal skin and inflammatory acne lesions at days 1, 3 and 7 after development. The expression of epidermal stem cell markers and proliferation markers was compared between normal skin and mature atrophic acne scar tissue. RESULTS In acne lesions, inflammation had invaded into pilosebaceous units over time. Their normal structure had been destructed and replaced with a reduced amount of collagen and elastic fibre. Expression of stem cell markers including CD34, p63, leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor (LGR)6 and LGR5, which are expressed in the interfollicular epidermis, isthmus and bulge of hair follicles, significantly decreased in atrophic acne scar tissue compared to normal skin. Epidermal proliferation was significantly reduced in scar tissue. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that as inflammatory acne lesions progress, inflammation gradually infiltrates the pilosebaceous unit and affects the resident stem cells. This disruption impedes the normal regeneration of the interfollicular epidermis and adnexal structures, resulting in atrophic acne scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyo Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Acne, Rosacea, Seborrheic Dermatitis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Young Yoon
- Acne, Rosacea, Seborrheic Dermatitis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Hyo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Acne, Rosacea, Seborrheic Dermatitis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Hun Suh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
- Acne, Rosacea, Seborrheic Dermatitis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Lv P, Li H, Li X, Wang X, Yu J, Gong Y. Intestinal perfusion of unacylated ghrelin alleviated metabolically associated fatty liver disease in rats via a central glucagon-like peptide-1 pathway. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G643-G658. [PMID: 38564323 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00217.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Unacylated ghrelin (UAG), the unacylated form of ghrelin, accounts for 80%-90% of its circulation. Accumulated studies have pointed out that UAG may be used to treat metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intestinal perfusion of UAG on metabolically associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet and its possible mechanisms. Neuronal retrograde tracking combined with immunofluorescence, central administration of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonist, and hepatic vagotomy was performed to reveal its possible mechanism involving a central glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) pathway. The results showed that intestinal perfusion of UAG significantly reduced serum lipids, aminotransferases, and food intake in MAFLD rats. Steatosis and lipid accumulation in the liver were significantly alleviated, and lipid metabolism-related enzymes in the liver were regulated. UAG upregulated the expression of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and GLP-1 in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS), as well as activated GLP-1 neurons in the NTS. Furthermore, GLP-1 fibers projected from NTS to PVN were activated by the intestinal perfusion of UAG. However, hepatic vagotomy and GLP-1R antagonists delivered into PVN before intestinal perfusion of UAG partially attenuated its alleviation of MAFLD. In conclusion, intestinal perfusion of UAG showed a therapeutic effect on MAFLD, which might be related to its activation of the GLP-1 neuronal pathway from NTS to PVN. The present results provide a new strategy for the treatment of MAFLD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Intestinal perfusion of UAG, the unacylated form of ghrelin, has shown promising potential for treating MAFLD. This study unveils a potential mechanism involving the central GLP-1 pathway, with UAG upregulating GLP-1R expression and activating GLP-1 neurons in specific brain regions. These findings propose a novel therapeutic strategy for MAFLD treatment through UAG and its modulation of the GLP-1 neuronal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzeng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangbo Li
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyuying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiantong Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Granholm ACE, Englund E, Gilmore A, Head E, Yong WH, Perez SE, Guzman SJ, Hamlett ED, Mufson EJ. Neuropathological findings in Down syndrome, Alzheimer's disease and control patients with and without SARS-COV-2: preliminary findings. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:92. [PMID: 38801558 PMCID: PMC11130011 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02743-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus that led to COVID-19 is associated with significant and long-lasting neurologic symptoms in many patients, with an increased mortality risk for people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and/or Down syndrome (DS). However, few studies have evaluated the neuropathological and inflammatory sequelae in postmortem brain tissue obtained from AD and people with DS with severe SARS-CoV-2 infections. We examined tau, beta-amyloid (Aβ), inflammatory markers and SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein in DS, AD, and healthy non-demented controls with COVID-19 and compared with non-infected brain tissue from each disease group (total n = 24). A nested ANOVA was used to determine regional effects of the COVID-19 infection on arborization of astrocytes (Sholl analysis) and percent-stained area of Iba-1 and TMEM 119. SARS-CoV-2 antibodies labeled neurons and glial cells in the frontal cortex of all subjects with COVID-19, and in the hippocampus of two of the three DS COVID-19 cases. SARS-CoV-2-related alterations were observed in peri-vascular astrocytes and microglial cells in the gray matter of the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and para-hippocampal gyrus. Bright field microscopy revealed scattered intracellular and diffuse extracellular Aβ deposits in the hippocampus of controls with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections. Overall, the present preliminary findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infections induce abnormal inflammatory responses in Down syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Charlotte E Granholm
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Research Complex II, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Elisabet Englund
- Division of Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anah Gilmore
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Research Complex II, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sylvia E Perez
- Department of Translational Neuroscience and Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Samuel J Guzman
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric D Hamlett
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Elliott J Mufson
- Department of Translational Neuroscience and Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Tansi FL, Schrepper A, Schwarzer M, Teichgräber U, Hilger I. Identifying the Morphological and Molecular Features of a Cell-Based Orthotopic Pancreatic Cancer Mouse Model during Growth over Time. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5619. [PMID: 38891809 PMCID: PMC11171605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), characterized by hypovascularity, hypoxia, and desmoplastic stroma is one of the deadliest malignancies in humans, with a 5-year survival rate of only 7%. The anatomical location of the pancreas and lack of symptoms in patients with early onset of disease accounts for late diagnosis. Consequently, 85% of patients present with non-resectable, locally advanced, or advanced metastatic disease at diagnosis and rely on alternative therapies such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and others. The response to these therapies highly depends on the stage of disease at the start of therapy. It is, therefore, vital to consider the stages of PDAC models in preclinical studies when testing new therapeutics and treatment modalities. We report a standardized induction of cell-based orthotopic pancreatic cancer models in mice and the identification of vital features of their progression by ultrasound imaging and histological analysis of the level of pancreatic stellate cells, mature fibroblasts, and collagen. The results highlight that early-stage primary tumors are secluded in the pancreas and advance towards infiltrating the omentum at week 5-7 post implantation of the BxPC-3 and Panc-1 models investigated. Late stages show extensive growth, the infiltration of the omentum and/or stomach wall, metastases, augmented fibroblasts, and collagen levels. The findings can serve as suggestions for defining growth parameter-based stages of orthotopic pancreatic cancer models for the preclinical testing of drug efficacy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felista L. Tansi
- Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Andrea Schrepper
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Michael Schwarzer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Ulf Teichgräber
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
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Misiakiewicz-Has K, Maciejewska-Markiewicz D, Szypulska-Koziarska D, Kolasa A, Wiszniewska B. The Influence of Soy Isoflavones and Soy Isoflavones with Inulin on Kidney Morphology, Fatty Acids, and Associated Parameters in Rats with and without Induced Diabetes Type 2. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5418. [PMID: 38791455 PMCID: PMC11121859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus resulting from hyperglycemia stands as the primary cause of diabetic kidney disease. Emerging evidence suggests that plasma concentrations of soy isoflavones, substances with well-established antidiabetic properties, rise following supplemental inulin administration. The investigation encompassed 36 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats segregated into two cohorts: non-diabetic and diabetic, induced with type 2 diabetes (high-fat diet + two intraperitoneal streptozotocin injections). Each cohort was further divided into three subgroups (n = 6): control, isoflavone-treated, and isoflavone plus inulin-treated rats. Tail blood glucose and ketone levels were gauged. Upon termination, blood samples were drawn directly from the heart for urea, creatinine, and HbA1c/HbF analyses. One kidney per rat underwent histological (H-E) and immunohistochemical assessments (anti-AQP1, anti-AQP2, anti-AVPR2, anti-SLC22A2, anti-ACC-alpha, anti-SREBP-1). The remaining kidney underwent fatty acid methyl ester analysis. Results unveiled notable alterations in water intake, body and kidney mass, kidney morphology, fatty acids, AQP2, AVPR2, AcetylCoA, SREBP-1, blood urea, creatinine, and glucose levels in control rats with induced type 2 diabetes. Isoflavone supplementation exhibited favorable effects on plasma urea, plasma urea/creatinine ratio, glycemia, water intake, and kidney mass, morphology, and function in type 2 diabetic rats. Additional inulin supplementation frequently modulated the action of soy isoflavones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Misiakiewicz-Has
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.-K.); (A.K.); (B.W.)
| | | | - Dagmara Szypulska-Koziarska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.-K.); (A.K.); (B.W.)
| | - Agnieszka Kolasa
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.-K.); (A.K.); (B.W.)
| | - Barbara Wiszniewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.-K.); (A.K.); (B.W.)
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Mahomva CR, Smith KA, Minkah PAB, Witt BL, Oakley GM, Orlandi RR, Alt JA, Pulsipher A. Chemokine CCL19 and Its Receptors CCR7 and CCRL1 in Chronic Rhinosinusitis. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2991-3002. [PMID: 38764495 PMCID: PMC11102069 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s453567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background CCL19 has been shown to predict disease severity in COVID-19 and treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis. CCL19 can exert both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects and is elevated in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, its role in CRS remains unknown. This study sought to determine the transcriptional changes in CCL19, its receptors, and associated cytokines and their association with disease severity in CRS. Methods A clinical database of control subjects and patients with CRS was examined. Lund-Kennedy, Lund-Mackay, Sinonasal Outcomes Test 22 (SNOT-22), and rhinosinusitis disability index (RSDI) scores were collected at enrollment. mRNA was extracted from sinonasal tissues and subjected to multiplex gene expression analysis. Gene transcript differences between patients with CRS and controls were compared and correlated with disease severity metrics. Immunohistochemical analyses of CCL19, CCR7, and CCRL1 were conducted to compare differences in protein expression between cohorts. A subgroup analysis was performed to compare transcriptional and protein expression difference between patients with (CRSwNP) and without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps and controls. Results Thirty-eight subjects (control group, n=7; CRS group, n=31) were included in this study. CCRL1 (p=0.0093) and CCR7 (p=0.017) levels were significantly elevated in CRS compared to those in controls. CCL19 (p=0.038) and CCR7 (p=0.0097) levels were elevated in CRSwNP and CCRL1 was elevated in CRSsNP (p=0.0004). CCR7 expression was significantly elevated in sinonasal epithelial cells in CRSwNP (p=0.04). CCL19 expression was positively correlated with TNFA expression (p<0.0002). CCL19 and CCR7 expression was positively correlated with SNOT-22 and RSDI scores (p<0.05). Conclusion CCL19 and CCR7 may modulate TNF-α-driven pro-inflammatory signaling and contribute to increased disease severity in CRS. Mechanistic studies are required to further elucidate the role of CCRL1 in CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengetai R Mahomva
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kristine A Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Prince A B Minkah
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Benjamin L Witt
- Cytopathology Section, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Gretchen M Oakley
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Richard R Orlandi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jeremiah A Alt
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Utah Center for Nanomedicine, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Abigail Pulsipher
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Utah Center for Nanomedicine, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Nitta Y, Kurioka T, Mogi S, Sano H, Yamashita T. Suppression of the TGF-β signaling exacerbates degeneration of auditory neurons in kanamycin-induced ototoxicity in mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10910. [PMID: 38740884 PMCID: PMC11091189 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling plays a significant role in multiple biological processes, including inflammation, immunity, and cell death. However, its specific impact on the cochlea remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of TGF-β signaling suppression on auditory function and cochlear pathology in mice with kanamycin-induced ototoxicity. Kanamycin and furosemide (KM-FS) were systemically administered to 8-week-old C57/BL6 mice, followed by immediate topical application of a TGF-β receptor inhibitor (TGF-βRI) onto the round window membrane. Results showed significant TGF-β receptor upregulation in spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) after KM-FA ototoxicity, whereas expression levels in the TGF-βRI treated group remained unchanged. Interestingly, despite no significant change in cochlear TGF-β expression after KM-FS ototoxicity, TGF-βRI treatment resulted in a significant decrease in TGF-β signaling. Regarding auditory function, TGF-βRI treatment offered no therapeutic effects on hearing thresholds and hair cell survival following KM-FS ototoxicity. However, SGN loss and macrophage infiltration were significantly increased with TGF-βRI treatment. These results imply that inhibition of TGF-β signaling after KM-FS ototoxicity promotes cochlear inflammation and SGN degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Nitta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Takaomi Kurioka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.
| | - Sachiyo Mogi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hajime Sano
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taku Yamashita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
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Torga T, Suutre S, Kisand K, Aunapuu M, Arend A. Cartilage Collagen Neoepitope C2C Expression in the Articular Cartilage and Its Relation to Joint Tissue Damage in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1063. [PMID: 38791025 PMCID: PMC11117959 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathological cleavage of type II collagen (Col2) and generation of Col2 neoepitopes can serve as useful molecular markers of the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). One of such potential biomarkers is type II collagen neoepitope C2C. The aim of this study was to correlate the degree of articular cartilage damage in OA patients with C2C expression in histological samples of tissues removed during total knee replacement. Cartilage samples were obtained from 27 patients ranging in age from 55 to 66 years. In each patient, medial and lateral tibia plateau samples were analyzed according to the OARSI histopathology grading system. The C2C expression was evaluated on histological slides by semi-quantitative analysis using ImageJ Fiji 2.14.0 software. Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed a positive weak correlation (rho = 0.289, p = 0.0356) between the histological grade of tissue damage and the percentage of C2C staining. In addition, a highly significant positive correlation (rho = 0.388, p = 0.0041) was discovered between the osteoarthritis score (combining the histological grade of damage with the OA macroscopic stage) and the percentage of C2C staining in the samples. The C2C expression was detected in all the regions of the articular cartilage (i.e., the superficial zone, mid zone, deep zone and tidemark area, and the zone of calcified cartilage). Our findings imply that local expression of C2C correlates with the articular cartilage damage in OA-affected knees. This confirms that C2C can be used as a prospective marker for assessing pathological changes in the OA course and OA clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taavi Torga
- Department of Anatomy, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (S.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Siim Suutre
- Department of Anatomy, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (S.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Kalle Kisand
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tartu, L. Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Marina Aunapuu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (S.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Andres Arend
- Department of Anatomy, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (S.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
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He Q, Qi Q, Ibeanu GC, Li PA. B355252 Suppresses LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation in the Mouse Brain. Brain Sci 2024; 14:467. [PMID: 38790446 PMCID: PMC11119117 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
B355252 is a small molecular compound known for potentiating neural growth factor and protecting against neuronal cell death induced by glutamate in vitro and cerebral ischemia in vivo. However, its other biological functions remain unclear. This study aims to investigate whether B355252 suppresses neuroinflammatory responses and cell death in the brain. C57BL/6j mice were intraperitoneally injected with a single dosage of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg/kg) to induce inflammation. B355252 (1 mg/kg) intervention was started two days prior to the LPS injection. The animal behavioral changes were assessed pre- and post-LPS injections. The animal brains were harvested at 4 and 24 h post-LPS injection, and histological, biochemical, and cytokine array outcomes were examined. Results showed that B355252 improved LPS-induced behavioral deterioration, mitigated brain tissue damage, and suppressed the activation of microglial and astrocytes. Furthermore, B355252 reduced the protein levels of key pyroptotic markers TLR4, NLRP3, and caspase-1 and inhibited the LPS-induced increases in IL-1β, IL-18, and cytokines. In conclusion, B355252 demonstrates a potent anti-neuroinflammatory effect in vivo, suggesting that its potential therapeutic value warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingping He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), College of Health and Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (Q.H.); (G.C.I.)
| | - Qi Qi
- Human Vaccine Institute, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27707, USA;
| | - Gordon C. Ibeanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), College of Health and Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (Q.H.); (G.C.I.)
| | - P. Andy Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), College of Health and Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (Q.H.); (G.C.I.)
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Arvind M, Pattnaik B, Gheware A, Prakash YS, Srivastava M, Agrawal A, Bhatraju NK. Plausible role of INPP4A dysregulation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16032. [PMID: 38720166 PMCID: PMC11078778 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INPP4A has been shown to be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis of multiple cell types including fibroblasts. Previous reports from our group have demonstrated the role of inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase Type I A (INPP4A) in these functions. Though existing evidences suggest a critical role for INPP4A in the maintenance of lung homeostasis, its role in chronic lung diseases is relatively under explored. In the current study, we made an attempt to understand the regulation of INPP4A in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Through integration of relevant INPP4A gene expression data from public repositories with our results from in vitro experiments and mouse models, we show that INPP4A is altered in IPF. Interestingly, the direction of the change is dependent both on the disease stage and the region of the lung used. INPP4A was found to be upregulated when analyzed in lung sample representative of the whole lung, but was downregulated in the fibrotic regions of the lung. Similarly, INPP4A was found to be high, compared to controls, only in the early stage of the disease. Though the observed increase in INPP4A was found to be negatively correlated to physiological indices, FVC, and DLCO, of lung function, treatment with anti-INPP4A antibody worsened the condition in bleomycin treated mice. These contrasting results taken together are suggestive of a nuanced regulation of INPP4A in IPF which is dependent on the disease stage, cellular state and extent of fibrosis in the lung region being analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana Arvind
- Centre of Excellence for Translational Research In Asthma and Lung diseases (TRIAL)CSIR‐Institute of Genomics and Integrative BiologyNew DelhiIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
| | - Bijay Pattnaik
- Centre of Excellence for Translational Research In Asthma and Lung diseases (TRIAL)CSIR‐Institute of Genomics and Integrative BiologyNew DelhiIndia
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Atish Gheware
- Centre of Excellence for Translational Research In Asthma and Lung diseases (TRIAL)CSIR‐Institute of Genomics and Integrative BiologyNew DelhiIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of MedicineWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Y. S. Prakash
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Mousami Srivastava
- Centre of Excellence for Translational Research In Asthma and Lung diseases (TRIAL)CSIR‐Institute of Genomics and Integrative BiologyNew DelhiIndia
- Symbiosis Statistical Institute (SSI)Symbiosis International University (SIU)PuneMaharashtraIndia
| | - Anurag Agrawal
- Centre of Excellence for Translational Research In Asthma and Lung diseases (TRIAL)CSIR‐Institute of Genomics and Integrative BiologyNew DelhiIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
- Trivedi School of BiosciencesAshoka UniversitySonipatHaryanaIndia
| | - Naveen Kumar Bhatraju
- Centre of Excellence for Translational Research In Asthma and Lung diseases (TRIAL)CSIR‐Institute of Genomics and Integrative BiologyNew DelhiIndia
- Trivedi School of BiosciencesAshoka UniversitySonipatHaryanaIndia
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48
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Pitstick L, Goral J, Ciancio MJ, Meyer A, Pytynia M, Bychek S, Zidan S, Shuey J, Jham BC, Green JM. Effects of folate deficiency and sex on carcinogenesis in a mouse model of oral cancer. Oral Dis 2024; 30:1989-2003. [PMID: 37731277 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of dietary folate and sex on histopathology of oral squamous cell carcinoma in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice (C57Bl/6, 30/sex) were fed either a deficient folate or sufficient folate diet. Vehicle or 4-nitroquinoline1-oxide (50 μg/mL) in vehicle were administered in drinking water for 20 weeks, followed by 6 weeks of regular drinking water. Oral lesions were observed weekly. Tongues were studied for histopathologic changes. Immunohistochemical techniques were used to measure cell proliferation (Ki67+), and to quantify expression of folate receptor, reduced folate carrier, and proton-coupled folate transporter. T cells, macrophages, and neutrophils were counted and normalized to area. RESULTS All 4NQO-treated mice developed oral tumors. Dietary folate level did not affect tumor burden. More tumors were observed on the ventral aspect of the tongue than in other locations within the oral cavity. 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide-treated mice displayed 27%-46% significantly lower expression of all three folate transport proteins; diet and sex had no effect on folate transporter expression. T-cell and neutrophil infiltration in tongues were 9.1-fold and 18.1-fold increased in the 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide-treated mouse tongues than in controls. CONCLUSION Treatment with 4NQO was the primary factor in determining cancer development, decreased folate transport expression, and lymphoid cell infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenore Pitstick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Joanna Goral
- Department of Anatomy, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Mae J Ciancio
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Alice Meyer
- Department of Anatomy, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Matthew Pytynia
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Sofia Bychek
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Safia Zidan
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer Shuey
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Bruno C Jham
- College of Dental Medicine-Illinois, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Jacalyn M Green
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
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Elkhamisy FAA, Aboelkomsan EA, Sallam MK, Eesa AN. Cytoplasmic PPARγ Significantly Correlates With P53 Immunohistochemical Expression and Tumor Size in Localized Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor. Cureus 2024; 16:e60377. [PMID: 38882990 PMCID: PMC11178509 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a monoarticular fibrohistiocytic benign or locally aggressive soft tissue tumor that originates from the synovium of joints, bursae, and tendon sheaths. It has an inflammatory neoplastic nature, with a clinical presentation ranging from pain, swelling, stiffness, and limited range of movement to joint instability and blockage. Its uncommon incidence leads to a poorly understood pathogenesis. Localized forms of TGCT (LTGCT) can cause significant morbidity, interfere with daily patient activities, and decrease the patient's quality of life in challenging cases. This study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) and P53 in LTGCT to understand the disease better and offer potential therapeutic targets. METHODS The study is cross-sectional, in which 27 LTGCT cases were collected from the Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Solitary and multiple LTGCT cases retrieved between January 2018 and December 2022 were included, and immunohistochemically stained with anti-PPARγ and P53 antibodies. The TGCT samples were excluded if they were insufficient for sectioning, processing, and interpretation, over-fixed, had process artifacts, or were of the diffuse TGCT type. Scoring of stain expression was performed by ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD) analysis using the threshold method and was expressed in percent area/high power field. Clinicopathological correlations were analyzed. RESULTS All the 27 collected LTGCT cases were located in the small joints of patients' hands. Cases with solitary LGTCTs constituted 55.6% (n = 15), while 44.4% (n = 12) had multiple LTGCTs related to one affected site/case (e.g., multiple tumors in one finger). PPARγ was expressed in the cytoplasm of mononuclear and multinucleated tumor cells and foamy histiocytes, while P53 expression was mainly in mononuclear cells' nuclei. PPARγ significantly correlated with P53 expression (r = 0.9 and P = 0.000). PPARγ (r = 0.4 and P = 0.02) and P53 (r = 0.5 and P = 0.01) were positively correlated with tumor size. Only P53 expression was positively correlated with tumor multiplicity (r = 0.4 and P = 0.03). Using the receiver operating characteristic curve test, the P53 cutoff score detecting the multiplicity of TGCTs was ≥20.5%, with a 75% sensitivity and 80% specificity. CONCLUSION PPARγ and P53 have a significant role in LTGCT growth, while P53 plays a role in tumor multiplicity. They can be possible targets in LTGCTs unfit for excision.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marwa K Sallam
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EGY
| | - Ahmed N Eesa
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EGY
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50
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Gomatou G, Masaoutis C, Vamvakaris I, Kotteas E, Bouros E, Tzilas V, Bouros D. Differential immunohistochemical expression of hTERT in lung cancer patients with and without idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonology 2024; 30:214-221. [PMID: 35153179 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is the catalytic subunit of telomerase enzyme, which adds nucleotides to telomeres and counteracts their length shortening. The development of a telomere maintenance mechanism represents a hallmark of cancer. On the other hand, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with mutations in telomerase genes and shorter telomeres. IPF is frequently complicated with lung cancer. AIM To investigate the expression of hTERT in lung cancer with co-existing IPF and to compare with lung cancer without fibrosis. METHODS Diagnostic lung cancerous biopsies were retrieved from 18 patients with lung cancer and concomitant IPF, as well as 18 age and gender matched controls with lung cancer without pulmonary fibrosis. The expression of hTERT was studied with immunohistochemistry. ImajeJ software was used to quantitate subcellular stain intensity. Immunohistochemical investigation of two senescence-associated markers, p16 and p21, was also performed in all 36 cases. RESULTS Both groups highly expressed hTERT, without significant difference (100% vs 95%, p = 0.521). Evaluation of p16 and p21 immunostaining revealed negative to minimal immunoreactivity in both groups. hTERT localization exhibited higher median nuclear intensity in the group of lung cancer with IPF (0.62 vs 0.45, p = 0.016), while cytoplasmic intensity did not differ significantly (0.17 vs 0.15, p = 0.463). Higher median nuclear intensity was also correlated with small cell lung cancer subtype in the whole study sample (0.69 vs 0.45, p = 0.09). CONCLUSION hTERT is highly expressed in lung cancer with concomitant IPF, but with differential localization compared to lung cancer without IPF, implying differences in pathogenicity and requiring further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gomatou
- Interstitial Lung Diseases Unit, 1st Department of Respiratory Medicine, "Sotiria" Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - C Masaoutis
- 1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - I Vamvakaris
- Department of Pathology, "Sotiria" Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, Athens, Greece
| | - E Kotteas
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Bouros
- Interstitial Lung Diseases Unit, 1st Department of Respiratory Medicine, "Sotiria" Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - V Tzilas
- Center for Diseases of the Chest, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece
| | - D Bouros
- Interstitial Lung Diseases Unit, 1st Department of Respiratory Medicine, "Sotiria" Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Center for Diseases of the Chest, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece
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