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Shchaslyvyi AY, Antonenko SV, Telegeev GD. Comprehensive Review of Chronic Stress Pathways and the Efficacy of Behavioral Stress Reduction Programs (BSRPs) in Managing Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:1077. [PMID: 39200687 PMCID: PMC11353953 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21081077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024]
Abstract
The connection between chronic psychological stress and the onset of various diseases, including diabetes, HIV, cancer, and cardiovascular conditions, is well documented. This review synthesizes current research on the neurological, immune, hormonal, and genetic pathways through which stress influences disease progression, affecting multiple body systems: nervous, immune, cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductive, musculoskeletal, and integumentary. Central to this review is an evaluation of 16 Behavioral Stress Reduction Programs (BSRPs) across over 200 studies, assessing their effectiveness in mitigating stress-related health outcomes. While our findings suggest that BSRPs have the potential to enhance the effectiveness of medical therapies and reverse disease progression, the variability in study designs, sample sizes, and methodologies raises questions about the generalizability and robustness of these results. Future research should focus on long-term, large-scale studies with rigorous methodologies to validate the effectiveness of BSRPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aladdin Y. Shchaslyvyi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150, Zabolotnogo Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine; (S.V.A.); (G.D.T.)
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Turuba R, Cormier W, Zimmerman R, Ow N, Zenone M, Quintana Y, Jenkins E, Ben-David S, Raimundo A, Marcon AR, Mathias S, Henderson J, Barbic S. Exploring How Youth Use TikTok for Mental Health Information in British Columbia: Semistructured Interview Study With Youth. JMIR INFODEMIOLOGY 2024; 4:e53233. [PMID: 38967966 PMCID: PMC11259762 DOI: 10.2196/53233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TikTok (ByteDance) experienced a surge in popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic as a way for people to interact with others, share experiences and thoughts related to the pandemic, and cope with ongoing mental health challenges. However, few studies have explored how youth use TikTok to learn about mental health. OBJECTIVE This study aims to understand how youth used TikTok during the COVID-19 pandemic to learn about mental health and mental health support. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with 21 youths (aged 12-24 years) living in British Columbia, Canada, who had accessed TikTok for mental health information during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using an inductive, data-driven approach. RESULTS A total of 3 overarching themes were identified describing youth's experiences. The first theme centered on how TikTok gave youth easy access to mental health information and support, which was particularly helpful during the COVID-19 pandemic to curb the effects of social isolation and the additional challenges of accessing mental health services. The second theme described how the platform provided youth with connection, as it gave youth a safe space to talk about mental health and allowed them to feel seen by others going through similar experiences. This helped normalize and destigmatize conversations about mental health and brought awareness to various mental health conditions. Finally, the last theme focused on how this information led to action, such as trying different coping strategies, discussing mental health with peers and family, accessing mental health services, and advocating for themselves during medical appointments. Across the 3 themes, youth expressed having to be mindful of bias and misinformation, highlighting the barriers to identifying and reporting misinformation and providing individualized advice on the platform. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that TikTok can be a useful tool to increase mental health awareness, reduce stigma, and encourage youth to learn and address their mental health challenges while providing a source of peer connection and support. Simultaneously, TikTok can adversely impact mental health through repetitive exposure to mentally distressing content and misleading diagnosis and treatment information. Regulations against harmful content are needed to mitigate these risks and make TikTok safer for youth. Efforts should also be made to increase media and health literacy among youth so that they can better assess the information they consume online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Turuba
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Foundry, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Willow Cormier
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rae Zimmerman
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nikki Ow
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marco Zenone
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Health Law Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yuri Quintana
- Division of Clinical Informatics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Jenkins
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shelly Ben-David
- School of Social Work, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Steve Mathias
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Foundry, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jo Henderson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Youth Wellness Hubs Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Skye Barbic
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Foundry, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Wang H, Li Y, Ning X. News Coverage of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Media and the Public's Negative Emotions: Computational Study. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e48491. [PMID: 38843521 PMCID: PMC11190626 DOI: 10.2196/48491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media has become an increasingly popular and critical tool for users to digest diverse information and express their perceptions and attitudes. While most studies endeavor to delineate the emotional responses of social media users, there is limited research exploring the factors associated with the emergence of emotions, particularly negative ones, during news consumption. OBJECTIVE We aim to first depict the web coverage by news organizations on social media and then explore the crucial elements of news coverage that trigger the public's negative emotions. Our findings can act as a reference for responsible parties and news organizations in times of crisis. METHODS We collected 23,705 Facebook posts with 1,019,317 comments from the public pages of representative news organizations in Hong Kong. We used text mining techniques, such as topic models and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers, to analyze news components and public reactions. Beyond descriptive analysis, we used regression models to shed light on how news coverage on social media is associated with the public's negative emotional responses. RESULTS Our results suggest that occurrences of issues regarding pandemic situations, antipandemic measures, and supportive actions are likely to reduce the public's negative emotions, while comments on the posts mentioning the central government and the Government of Hong Kong reveal more negativeness. Negative and neutral media tones can alleviate the rage and interact with the subjects and issues in the news to affect users' negative emotions. Post length is found to have a curvilinear relationship with users' negative emotions. CONCLUSIONS This study sheds light on the impacts of various components of news coverage (issues, subjects, media tone, and length) on social media on the public's negative emotions (anger, fear, and sadness). Our comprehensive analysis provides a reference framework for efficient crisis communication for similar pandemics at present or in the future. This research, although first extending the analysis between the components of news coverage and negative user emotions to the scenario of social media, echoes previous studies drawn from traditional media and its derivatives, such as web newspapers. Although the era of COVID-19 pandemic gradually brings down the curtain, the commonality of this research and previous studies also contributes to establishing a clearer territory in the field of health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjing Wang
- School of Communication, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Yupeng Li
- Department of Interactive Media, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Xuan Ning
- Department of Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
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Garrett C, Aghaei A, Aggarwal A, Qiao S. The Role of Social Media in the Experiences of COVID-19 Among Long-Hauler Women: Qualitative Study. JMIR Hum Factors 2024; 11:e50443. [PMID: 38652515 PMCID: PMC11042494 DOI: 10.2196/50443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extant literature suggests that women are more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection and at higher risk for developing long COVID. Due to pandemic mitigation recommendations, social media was relied upon for various aspects of daily life, likely with differences of usage between genders. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the role and functions of social media in the lives of long-hauler women. METHODS Participants were purposively snowball-sampled from an online health promotion intervention for long-hauler women with COVID-19 from March to June 2021. During this time, one-on-one, semistructured interviews were conducted online until data saturation was agreed to have been achieved (ie, 15 interviews). Interview transcripts and field notes were analyzed using an emergent, inductive approach. RESULTS In total, 15 women were enrolled. The main roles of social media included facilitating support group participation, experience sharing, interpersonal connections, and media consumption. Emergent themes demonstrated that participants rely on social media to fulfill needs of emotional support, social engagement, spirituality, health planning, information gathering, professional support, and recreationally for relaxation. As long-hauler women turn to social media to discuss symptom and health management as well as the intention to vaccinate, this study demonstrates both the associated benefits (ie, decreased isolation) and challenges (ie, misinformation, rumination, resentment, jealousy). CONCLUSIONS The public health implications of these findings support the development of gender-tailored health promotion interventions that leverage the benefits of social media, while mitigating the negative impacts, for women with long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camryn Garrett
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Atefeh Aghaei
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Abhishek Aggarwal
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Shan Qiao
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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Ghanayem LK, Shannon H, Khodr L, McQuaid RJ, Hellemans KG. Lonely and scrolling during the COVID-19 pandemic: understanding the problematic social media use and mental health link among university students. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1247807. [PMID: 38356913 PMCID: PMC10864490 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1247807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Undergraduate university students experienced many academic and non-academic stressors during the first year of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, putting them at a greater risk of negative mental health outcomes. Reports worldwide have shown high incidences of depressive, anxiety, and stress scores among university students at the beginning of the pandemic. Emerging evidence also suggests that to cope with the stress and loneliness of the pandemic, many youth and young adults increased the amount of time they spent on social media platforms. Methods Undergraduate students participated in an online study aimed to understand the link between time spent on social media, coping through the use of social media and problematic social media use (PSMU) with mental health symptoms, such as stress, depression, anxiety, and loneliness, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results While time spent on social media was only weakly associated with stress, depression, anxiety and loneliness scores, PSMU more strongly mapped onto these outcomes. Additionally, students who were coping highly using social media displayed elevated stress, depression, anxiety and loneliness levels in comparison to those reporting low levels of coping with social media. Finally, students who reported high levels of coping using social media displayed higher PSMU scores, with this relationship appearing more pronounced in students who had higher levels of loneliness. Conclusion These data support evidence that it is not necessarily time spent on social media but rather PSMU that is relevant for mental health symptoms, and that PSMU is exacerbated by loneliness. Moreover, the current results highlight the effects of maladaptive coping on mental health symptoms and PSMU among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leen K. Ghanayem
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Holly Shannon
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lida Khodr
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Robyn J. McQuaid
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Xu Y, Wang J, Ma M. Adapting to Lockdown: Exploring Stress Coping Strategies on Short Video Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:5273-5287. [PMID: 38170068 PMCID: PMC10759421 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s441744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study addresses a gap in research on media use during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the overlooked role of short video social media platforms in stress management. It builds on transactional stress model and coping flexibility to advance the understanding of the strategy-situation fit, particularly the alignment of coping strategies with platform affordances. Methods Our study investigated the detailed use of short video platforms and coping strategies during the pandemic lockdown through an online survey of 1569 respondents conducted immediately after the lockdown. We characterized lockdown duration as a situational stressor attribute and explored variations in the coping process. Assessing changes in user behavior across the top four Chinese short video platforms, we examined anxiety induced by lockdown and the use of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies. Results Significant changes in user behavior in response to lockdown-induced stress were observed. Structural model analyses reveal that people employed both coping strategies to manage heightened anxiety, primarily through increased viewing behavior over interaction behavior. Discussion The findings underscore the positive implications of short video platforms on individual well-being. This study argues for a deeper research focus on coping flexibility within the realm of social media, accompanied by a comprehensive assessment of platform user behavior. Future research should also consider the influence of algorithms on platform functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- USC-SJTU Institute of Cultural and Creative Industry, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahe Wang
- USC-SJTU Institute of Cultural and Creative Industry, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Ma
- USC-SJTU Institute of Cultural and Creative Industry, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
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Hendrickson KW, Hopkins RO, Groat DL, Stokes SC, Schroeder FM, Butler JM, Hirshberg EL. Patient experiences with SARS-CoV-2: Associations between patient experience of disease and coping profiles. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294201. [PMID: 37983278 PMCID: PMC10659202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, (SARS-CoV-2,) caused an influx of patients with acute disease characterized by a variety of symptoms termed COVID-19 disease, with some patients going on to develop post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Individual factors like sex or coping styles are associated with a person's disease experience and quality of life. Individual differences in coping styles used to manage COVID-19 related stress correlate with physical and mental health outcomes. Our study sought to understand the relationship between COVID-19 symptoms, severity of acute disease, and coping profiles. METHODS An online survey to assess symptoms, functional status, and recovery in a large group of patients was nationally distributed online. The survey asked about symptoms, course of illness, and included the Brief-COPE and the adapted Social Relationship Inventory. We used descriptive and cluster analyses to characterize patterns of survey responses. RESULTS 976 patients were included in the analysis. The most common symptoms reported by the patients were fatigue (72%), cough (71%), body aches/joint pain (66%), headache (62%), and fever/chills (62%). 284 participants reported PACS. We described three different coping profiles: outward, inward, and dynamic copers. DISCUSSION Fatigue, cough, and body aches/joint pains were the most frequently reported symptoms. PACS patients were sicker, more likely to have been hospitalized. Of the three coping profiles, outward copers were more likely to be admitted to the hospital and had the healthiest coping strategies. Dynamic copers activated several coping strategies both positive and negative; they were also younger and more likely to report PACS. CONCLUSION Cough, fatigue, and body aches/joint pain are common and most important to patients with acute COVID-19, while shortness of breath defined the experience for patients with PACS. Of the three coping profiles, dynamic copers were more likely to report PACS. Additional investigations into coping profiles in general, and the experience of COVID-19 and PACS is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn W. Hendrickson
- The Oregon Clinic, Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine East, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Ramona O. Hopkins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
- Intermountain Health, Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Murray, Utah, United States of America
| | - Danielle L. Groat
- Intermountain Health, Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Murray, Utah, United States of America
- Intermountain Health, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Murray, Utah, United States of America
| | - Stephanie C. Stokes
- Intermountain Health, Strategic Research, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Fiona M. Schroeder
- Intermountain Health, Strategic Research, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jorie M. Butler
- Intermountain Health, Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Murray, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Informatics Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences (IDEAS), Center for Innovation & Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Eliotte L. Hirshberg
- Intermountain Health, Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Murray, Utah, United States of America
- Intermountain Health, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Murray, Utah, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
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Malecki WP, Bilandzic H, Kowal M, Sorokowski P. Media experiences during the Ukraine war and their relationships with distress, anxiety, and resilience. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 165:273-281. [PMID: 37549502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the relationships between perceiving media as a positive or negative influence (both news media and fictional media) during the war in Ukraine in 2022 and anxiety, distress, and resilience. Corroborating existing research, our study (N = 393, 47.3% male) showed that there was a clear relationship between the perceived negative impact of both news and fictional media during the war and increased symptoms of anxiety (b = .09, SE = 0.04, p = .024; b = 0.16, SE = 0.04, p < .001, respectively) and distress (b = 0.08, SE = 0.04, p = .047; b = 0.17, SE = 0.04, p < .001, respectively) as well as lowered psychological resilience (b = -0.10, SE = 0.05, p = .047; b = -0.15, SE = 0.06, p = .009, respectively). The study is the first to demonstrate this association for fictional media. Contrary to expectations, however, the perception of a positive impact of both news and fiction was not associated with decreased symptoms of anxiety and distress or higher resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Malecki
- Faculty of Philology, University of Wrocław, Plac Nankiera 15, 50-140, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Helena Bilandzic
- Department for Media, Knowledge and Communication, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstr. 10, 86159, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Marta Kowal
- Scientific Excellence Incubator 'Being Human', University of Wrocław, Plac Uniwersytecki 1, 50-137, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Sorokowski
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Dawida 1, 50-527, Wrocław, Poland
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Zhou Y, Myrick JG, Farrell EL, Cohen O. Perceived risk, emotions, and stress in response to COVID-19: The interplay of media use and partisanship. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2023; 43:1572-1586. [PMID: 36307383 PMCID: PMC9874794 DOI: 10.1111/risa.14044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Relationships between risk perceptions, emotions, and stress are well-documented, as are interconnections between stress, emotion, and media use. During the early COVID-19 pandemic, the public responded psychologically to the threat posed by the pandemic, and frequently utilized media for information and entertainment. However, we lack a comprehensive picture of how perceived risk, emotion, stress, and media affected each other longitudinally during this time. Further, although response to the pandemic was highly politicized, research has yet to address how partisan affiliation moderated relationships between risk, emotion, stress, and media use over time. This three-wave (N = 1021) panel study assessed the interplay of risk, emotion, stress, and media use for Americans with different political affiliations between March and May of 2020. Findings indicate that perceived risk, emotion, and stress at Time 1 predicted media use at Time 2, with predictors varying by type of media. Use of entertainment media and social/mobile media predicted later stress (Time 3), but news consumption did not. Later risk perceptions (Time 3) were not influenced by media use at Time 2. The predictors and consequences of different types of media use were notably different for Republicans and Democrats. In particular, risk perceptions predicted greater news use among Democrats but greater entertainment media use among Republicans. Moreover, social/mobile media use resulted in perceiving the risks of COVID-19 as less serious for Republicans while increasing stress over time for Democrats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmengqian Zhou
- Department of Communication StudiesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Jessica Gall Myrick
- Donald P. Bellisario College of CommunicationsPennsylvania State UniversityState College, Centre CountyPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Erina L. Farrell
- Department of Communication Arts and SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityState College, Centre CountyPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Olivia Cohen
- Klein College of Media and CommunicationTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Li J. Information avoidance in the age of COVID-19: A meta-analysis. Inf Process Manag 2023; 60:103163. [PMID: 36405670 PMCID: PMC9647024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2022.103163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Guided by three major theoretical frameworks, this meta-analysis synthesizes 17 empirical studies (15 articles with 18,297 participants, 13 of them are from non-representative samples) and quantifies the effect sizes of a list of antecedents (e.g., cognitive, affective, and social factors) on information avoidance during the COVID-19 context. Findings indicated that information-related factors including channel belief (r = -0.35, p < .01) and information overload (r = 0.23, p < .01) are more important in determining individual's avoidance behaviors toward COVID-19 information. Factors from the psychosocial aspects, however, had low correlations with information avoidance. While informational subjective norms released a negative correlation (r = -0.16, p < .1) which was approaching significant, positive and negative risk responses were not associated with information avoidance. Moderator analysis further revealed that the impacts of several antecedents varied for people with different demographic characteristics (i.e., age, gender, region of origin), and under certain sampling methods. Theoretically, this meta-analysis may help determine the most dominant factors from a larger landscape, thus providing valuable directions to refine frameworks and approaches in health information behaviors. Findings from moderator analysis have also practically inspired certain audience segmentation strategies to tackle occurrence of information avoidance during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Li
- School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510632
- National Media Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510632
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ÇELİK A, EROĞLU HS, ÇETİNKAYA L, KESER İ. COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Toplum Sağlığına Yönelik Sosyal Medya Platformlarında Paylaşılan Egzersiz İçerikli Videoların İncelenmesi. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.1054273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amaç: COVID-19 döneminde toplumu bilgilendirmek için sosyal medya platformlarında paylaşılan egzersiz içerikli videoları incelemek amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: COVID-19 pandemisinin gündeme geldiği Ocak 2020 – Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında, sosyal medya platformlarında yayınlanan videolara ulaşmak için gelişmiş arama motorunda Türkçe dilinde ulaşılabilen egzersiz içerikli videolar analiz edilmiştir. Toplam 110 adet videoya ulaşılmış, yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda videolara ulaşmak için kullanılan anahtar kelimelere uygun içerikte, belirtilen tarihler arasında ve egzersize yönelik bilgi içermesine uygunluk gösteren 33 video çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir.Bulgular: Videoların ortalama süresi 6,29±3,91 dakikadır. Videolar egzersiz (n=33, %100) ve fiziksel aktivite (n=4; %12,12) konularını içermektedir. Videoların %78,79’u bir kurum ve %21,21’i bir kişi tarafından paylaşılmıştır. İncelenen videoların %45,45’i fizyoterapist; %27,27’si beden eğitimi uzmanı; %21,21’i hekim; %3,03’ü hemşire meslek mensupları tarafından yayınlanmış ve %3,03’i mesleğini belirtmemiştir. Videonun hedef kitlesi %60,60’ında toplum; %24,24’ünde 65 yaş üstü bireyler; %12,12’sinde özel bir tanıya sahip bireyler ve %6,06’sında çocuklardır. Videolarda egzersizlerin %45,45’inde sıklık, %33,33’ünde süre; %12,12’sinde durasyon gibi parametrelerden bahsedilmiş, videoların hiçbirinde egzersiz şiddetine yönelik bilgi verilmemiştir. Videoların %48,48’inde egzersizin parametrelerinin hiçbirinden bahsedilmemiştir. Dahil edilen videoların sadece %75,76’inde egzersizler uygulamalı olarak gösterilmiş; %21,21’inde dikkat edilmesi gereken koşullar açıklanmış; %6,06’sında güvenlik tedbirlerine uyulmuştur. Video çekimlerinde %75,76’sında ortam koşullarına; %72,73’ünde forma/önlük giyimine; %66,67’sinde profesyonel çekim yapılmasına; %48,48’inde ses kalitesine ve %45,45’inde aydınlatma koşulların özen gösterildiği belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Sosyal medya platformları kullanılarak yapılan toplum sağlığına yönelik programlar geniş kitlelere ulaşması nedeni ile büyük sorumluluk gerektiren uygulamalardır. Bu yönüyle egzersizin parametreleri, uygulama prensipleri ve hedef kitlenin özelliklerine yönelik eğitime sahip olan meslek grupları tarafından yapılması halkın doğru bir şekilde bilinçlendirilmesini sağlayacaktır.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı ÇELİK
- NİĞDE ÖMER HALİSDEMİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BOR SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, FİZYOTERAPİ VE REHABİLİTASYON BÖLÜMÜ, NÖROLOJİK REHABİLİTASYON ANABİLİM DALI
| | - Havva Sümeyye EROĞLU
- GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ, FİZYOTERAPİ VE REHABİLİTASYON (DR)
| | - Levent ÇETİNKAYA
- ÇANAKKALE ONSEKİZ MART ÜNİVERSİTESİ, EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ, BİLGİSAYAR VE ÖĞRETİM TEKNOLOJİLERİ EĞİTİMİ BÖLÜMÜ, BİLGİSAYAR VE ÖĞRETİM TEKNOLOJİLERİ EĞİTİMİ ANABİLİM DALI
| | - İlke KESER
- GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, FİZYOTERAPİ VE REHABİLİTASYON BÖLÜMÜ
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Oliveira AP, Nobre JR, Luis H, Luis LS, Pinho LG, Albacar-Riobóo N, Sequeira C. Social Media Use and Its Association with Mental Health and Internet Addiction among Portuguese Higher Education Students during COVID-19 Confinement. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:664. [PMID: 36612991 PMCID: PMC9819961 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of social media was one of the most common way to keep in touch with friends and family during confinement. For higher education students, the fact that their universities were closed was a major change in their lives. The aim of this study is to relate the prevalence and type of social media with Internet addiction and mental health of university students in a district of Portugal during COVID-19 confinement. Mental health was studied by applying the reduced version of the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-5) and to measure the Internet use and dependence, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) was used. The study (cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational) used an online questionnaire, conducted on Google® Forms and the link was sent to 4450 students, in the months of April to June 2020, during the confinement. A total of 329 valid questionnaires were obtained. We can conclude that regarding mental health, students in the 18-24 age group, single or divorced and who are not in a relationship, and with worse academic results, show worse levels of mental health. It is noteworthy that the students with the same characteristics also have the highest levels of addiction to internet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Oliveira
- Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Rovira e Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joana Rita Nobre
- Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Rovira e Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Henrique Luis
- Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal
- Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechcare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Luis Soares Luis
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechcare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal
- School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Lara Guedes Pinho
- Nursing School, University of Évora, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Center, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal
| | | | - Carlos Sequeira
- Nursing School of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Group Inovation and Development in Nursing (NursID), Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Xu H, Wang Z, Peng L, Mi Y, Zeng P, Liu X. The study of psychological traits among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 campus lockdown. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1051770. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1051770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence of interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, depression symptoms and associated risk factors among a large-scale sample of college students in China during the COVID-19 campus lockdown. The survey was conducted among undergraduate students at a university in eastern part of China in April 2022. The Chi-square test was used to compare the different variable groups and multivariable analysis was performed for the risk factors associated with interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, and depression symptoms. A total of 12,922 college students were included, with an average age of (20.96 ± 1.66) years. The prevalence of interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety and depression symptoms in this study was 58.1, 22.7, and 46.8%, respectively. Male (OR = 1.16, p < 0.001), 22–23 years (OR = 1.40, p < 0.001), freshman (OR = 1.35, p = 0.002), and non-only child (OR = 1.15, p < 0.001) were positively associated with interpersonal sensitivity. Male (OR = 1.20, p < 0.001), sophomores (OR = 1.27, p = 0.020) and seniors (OR = 1.20, p = 0.027) were positively associated with anxiety symptoms. Compared with female students, male students (OR = 0.89, p < 0.001) were less likely to have depression symptoms. 22–23 years (OR = 1.37, p < 0.001), sophomores (OR = 1.26, p = 0.009) and non-only child (OR = 1.11, p = 0.009) were positively associated with depression symptoms. In addition, college students aged 18–21 years, learning status, skipping breakfast, roommate relationship and sleep quality were associated with interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety and depression symptoms (all p < 0.05). The findings of this study suggest a high prevalence of interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety and depression symptoms among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 campus lockdown. Younger ages, low grades, poor dormitory relationship, negative learning status, skipping breakfast and poor sleep quality were the risk factors for college students’ mental health, which should be concerned by the relevant departments of school during the campus lockdown.
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Redaelli M, van Engen ML, André S. Perceived Covid-19-crisis intensity and family supportive organizational perceptions as antecedents of parental burnout: A study conducted in Italy in March/April 2021 and 2022. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1001076. [PMID: 36275293 PMCID: PMC9583950 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1001076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate to what extent perceived Covid-19-crisis intensity (PCCI) leads to the experience of parental burnout (PB), a syndrome characterized by exhaustion, emotional detachment from one's own children and a sense of inefficacy in the role as parent. Furthermore, the mediating role of work-family conflict (WFC) is examined. The buffering effect of family supportive organizational perceptions during the pandemic (FSOP-p) on the relationship between work-family conflict and parental burnout is also explored. Data were collected in March-April 2021 and March/April 2022. In spring 2021, 222 Italian working parents with at least one minor child living at home filled out the questionnaire. Data from 2021 showed that PCCI was positively related to the experience of parental burnout. Moreover, WFC mediated this relationship. No significant interaction effect was found for FSOP-p; however it was found that FSOP-p is negatively related to PCCI and WFC, and indirectly to parental burnout. In spring 2022, we examined whether there were changes in PCCI, WFC, and FSOP-p in a sample of 83 Italian parents. Moreover, for the second data collection we examine the tensions experienced by parents in their families about vaccination and infection precaution measures (e.g., Covid-19 vaccination passport). The results are different in 2022; the effect of PCCI on parental burnout is now completely mediated by the amount of WFC. It seems that now we go 'back to normal' and homeworking has become more optional for many, there is still an effect of PCCI on WFC, but no longer directly on parental burnout. Furthermore, the prevalence of PCCI in 2022 is lower than in 2021, while WFC and FSOP-p are not significantly different between the two timepoints. As family supportive organizational perceptions reduce the level of perceived Covid-19 intensity, organizations are urged to develop practices of support and to create a supportive environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Redaelli
- Department of Human Resource Studies, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Marloes L. van Engen
- Department of Business Administration, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud WORKLIFE consortium, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Stéfanie André
- Radboud WORKLIFE consortium, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Public Administration, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Lien A, Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Patte KA, Leatherdale ST, Chaput JP. Sociodemographic and mental health characteristics associated with changes in movement behaviours due to the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents. JOURNAL OF ACTIVITY, SEDENTARY AND SLEEP BEHAVIORS 2022; 1:5. [PMID: 38013895 PMCID: PMC9526676 DOI: 10.1186/s44167-022-00004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Control measures enacted to control the spread of COVID-19 appear to have impacted adolescent movement behaviours. It remains unclear how these changes relate to sociodemographic characteristics and indicators of mental health. Understanding these relationships can contribute to informing health promotion efforts. The purpose of this study is to examine sociodemographic and mental health characteristics associated with changes in movement behaviours (physical activity, screen time, sleep duration) due to the COVID-19 pandemic among adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional study used May-June 2020 survey data and included 7349 students from Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia (Canada). ANOVA, χ2 tests, and estimation of effect sizes using Cohen's d and h tests were performed between self-reported perceived changes (increase; decrease; no change) to physical activity, TV watching, social media use, and sleep duration as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and gender, age, race/ethnicity, income, depression and anxiety symptoms, flourishing-languishing, and self-rated mental health. Results Over half of students reported increases in TV viewing and social media use and approximately 40% reported decrease in physical activity and increase in sleep duration due to the COVID-19 pandemic. More females (68.9%) than males (54.3%) reported increase in social media use (Cohen's h ≥ 0.2-0.5). No change from pre-COVID-19 social media use and sleep duration were associated with fewer depression and anxiety symptoms and better self-rated mental health compared to reports of an increase or decrease. These effect sizes ranged from small-to-moderate to moderate-to-large (Cohen's d/h ≥ 0.2-0.8). Decreased physical activity and sleep duration were associated with better psychological functioning with effects sizes of small-to-moderate. Compared to an increase or no change, decreased sleep had the largest effect size of less frequent depression symptoms (Cohen's d ≥ 0.5-0.8). Conclusion Maintaining pre-COVID-19 screen time and sleep duration during early stages of the COVID-19 lockdown was generally beneficial to mental health, with sleep being particularly important in regards to symptoms of depression. Psychological functioning was more related to physical activity and sleep than screen time during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Lien
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Karen A. Patte
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, Niagara Region, St. Catharines, ON Canada
| | | | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON Canada
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Feasibility and safety of Qigong training delivered from two different digital platforms in physically inactive adults: A pilot randomized controlled study. Eur J Integr Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Fhon JRS, Püschel VADA, Cavalcante RB, Cruz FV, Gonçalves LN, Li W, Silva ARF. Infodemic of covid-19 and repercussions on the mental health of the elderly from São Paulo. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2022; 56:e20210421. [PMID: 35994688 PMCID: PMC10111389 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2021-0421en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize and identify depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress associated with the COVID-19 Infodemic in the elderly from São Paulo. METHOD Exploratory and cross-sectional study with the elderly in the capital of São Paulo who had internet access. The sociodemographic profile, the COVID-19 infodemic, depressive symptoms, stress, and anxiety were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 411 older people participated in the study. There was a predominance of women (76.4%), with higher education (57.9%), using private health services, and with little income variation. Older people were more exposed to news or information about COVID-19 on the internet (45.3%), followed by television (34.5%), and radio (11.4%). The average stress was 19.96 points; 33.1% had anxiety, and 39.7% had depressive symptoms. The greater the number of people living with the elderly, the greater the stress (p = 0.001) and anxiety (p = 0.02). The hours of exposure to information on the internet led to stress (p = 0.001), depressive symptoms (p = 0.02), and anxiety (p = 0.02) in the elderly. CONCLUSION During the pandemic, exposure to information on the internet triggered anxiety, stress, and depressive symptoms in the elderly. The findings highlight the need for multi and interdisciplinary interventions to mitigate such repercussions on the elderly's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Roberto Silva Fhon
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento Médico-Cirúrgico, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiana Viana Cruz
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento Médico-Cirúrgico, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luan Nogueira Gonçalves
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento Médico-Cirúrgico, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson Li
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento Médico-Cirúrgico, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alice Regina Felipe Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento Médico-Cirúrgico, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Khalili-Mahani N, Woods S, Holowka EM, Pahayahay A, Roy M. Toward a digital citizen lab for capturing data about alternative ways of self-managing chronic pain: An attitudinal user study. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3:942822. [PMID: 36188996 PMCID: PMC9397864 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.942822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundMyriad psychosocial and cultural factors influence personal ways of coping with chronic pain (CP). Mobile health (mHealth) apps facilitate creation of citizen laboratories outside clinical frameworks. However, issues of safety, privacy and technostress must be addressed. This attitudinal user study aimed to assess whether persons with persistent pain (PwPP) would be open to sharing qualitative and quantitative data about their self-management of CP via mHealth platforms.MethodsIn March 2020, we invited PwPPs, their personal or medical caregivers, or those interested in the development of an app for researching alternative ways of self-managing CP to complete an anonymous survey. We formulated an attitudinal survey within the theoretical framework of stress to estimate whether the novelty, unpredictability, and risks of data-sharing via mHealth apps concerned users. Descriptive statistics (% Part/Group) were used to interpret the survey, and open comments were reflectively analyzed to identify emerging themes.ResultsOf 202 responses (June 2021), 127 identified as PwPPs (average age 43.86 ± 14.97; 100/127 female), and listed several primary and secondary CP diagnoses. In almost 90% of PwPPs, physical and emotional wellbeing were affected by CP. More than 90% of PwPPs used alternative therapies (acupuncture, homeopathy, massage therapy, etc.). Attitude toward mHealth apps were positive even though nearly half of PwPPs were unfamiliar with them. More than 72% of respondents were open to using a health-related app as a research tool for data collection in real life situations. Comprehensive data collection (especially about psychosocial factors) was the most important requirement. More respondents (especially medical professionals) were concerned about health hazards of misinformation communicated via health-related information and communication systems (maximum 80%) than about privacy (maximum 40%). Qualitative analyses revealed several promises and impediments to creation of data-sharing platforms for CP.ConclusionsThis study shows a general willingness among PwPPs to become partners in studying alternative pain management. Despite a generally positive attitude toward the concept of sharing complex personal data to advance research, heterogeneity of attitudes shaped by personal experiences must be considered. Our study underlines the need for any digital strategy for CP research to be person-centered and flexible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Khalili-Mahani
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Design and Computation Arts, Faculty of Fine Arts, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Quebec Pain Research Network (QPRN), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Najmeh Khalili-Mahani
| | - Sandra Woods
- Quebec Pain Research Network (QPRN), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Patient Partner, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eileen Mary Holowka
- Department of Communication Studies, Faculty of Arts and Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amber Pahayahay
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Mathieu Roy
- Quebec Pain Research Network (QPRN), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Lelek‐Kratiuk M, Szczygieł M. Stress appraisal as a mediator between the sense of coherence and the frequency of stress coping strategies in women and men during COVID-19 lockdown. Scand J Psychol 2022; 63:365-375. [PMID: 35358336 PMCID: PMC9115402 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 lockdown experience is a unique and unexpected stressful life situation. In our research project, we explored gender differences in the mean level of stress appraisal (SAQ), the frequency of stress coping strategies (COPE), and the sense of coherence (SOC), as well as gender differences in the strength of the relationships between SAQ, COPE, and SOC during the COVID-19 lockdown. Finally, we tested if stressor appraisal (as a threat, harm/loss, or challenge) mediates the relationship between SOC and COPE in women and men respectively. Data were collected during the first wave of the COVID-19 lockdown in Poland in 2020. An online survey was conducted among 326 adults aged between 18 and 72. We observed gender differences in the level of SAQ, COPE, and SOC and gender differences in the significance and strength of the correlations between these variables. SOC had a twofold effect on COPE in men: direct and indirect through SOC-threat and SOC-harm/loss. In women, SOC did not directly predict COPE frequency but affected COPE in an indirect way through SAQ. SAQ is an important factor that modifies the strength of the SOC effect on COPE in women and men during the lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Lelek‐Kratiuk
- Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Institute of PsychologyPedagogical University of KrakowKrakówPoland
| | - Monika Szczygieł
- Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Institute of PsychologyPedagogical University of KrakowKrakówPoland
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Shawcroft J, Gale M, Coyne SM, Twenge JM, Carroll JS, Brad Wilcox W, James S. Teens, screens and quarantine; the relationship between adolescent media use and mental health prior to and during COVID-19. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09898. [PMID: 35815154 PMCID: PMC9254574 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines associations between media use and mental health for adolescents prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using two separate datasets that sampled adolescents (8th, 10th, and 12th graders) in 2018 (n = 31,825) and 2020 (n = 1,523), mental health (hopelessness and happiness), media use (time spent using a variety of media), and personal health habits (sleep) were assessed. Overall, we found that there were significant differences by year in adolescent hopelessness, with adolescents reporting less hopelessness in 2020 (during COVID-19) than in 2018 (pre COVID-19). There were not practical significant differences in adolescent happiness and loneliness. Adolescents also reported getting more sleep in our 2020 sample than the 2018 sample. Adolescents in 2020 spent significantly more time watching movies and video chatting, but less time texting and on social media than adolescents in 2018. Finally, we found that time spent video chatting and sleep had a different relationship with various aspects of mental health (happiness, hopelessness, or loneliness) in 2018 vs. 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Shawcroft
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, United States
| | - Megan Gale
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, United States
| | - Sarah M. Coyne
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, United States
| | - Jean M. Twenge
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, United States
| | | | - W. Brad Wilcox
- Department of Sociology, University of Virginia, United States
| | - Spencer James
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, United States
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Grygarová D, Adámek P, Juríčková V, Horáček J, Bakštein E, Fajnerová I, Kesner L. Impact of a Long Lockdown on Mental Health and the Role of Media Use: Web-Based Survey Study. JMIR Ment Health 2022; 9:e36050. [PMID: 35605112 PMCID: PMC9277533 DOI: 10.2196/36050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Czech population experienced a second lockdown lasting for about half a year, restricting free movement and imposing social isolation. However, it is not known whether the impact of this long lockdown resulted in habituation to the adverse situation or in the traumatization of the Czech population, and whether the media and specific media use contributed to these effects. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of the long lockdown on the mental health of the Czech population, and the role of exposure to COVID-19 news reports and specific forms of media news use in mental health. METHODS We conducted two consecutive surveys in the early (November 2020) and late (March/April 2021) phases of the nationwide lockdown on the same nationally representative group of Czech adults (N=1777) participating in a longitudinal panel study. RESULTS Our findings showed that the self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression increased in the second observation period, confirming the negative effect of the pandemic lockdown as it unfolded, suggesting that restrictive measures and continuous exposure to a collective stressor did not result in the strengthening of resilience but rather in ongoing traumatization. The results also suggest a negative role of the media's coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic in mental health during the early, and particularly late, phases of the lockdown. Furthermore, we found several risk and protective factors of specific media news use. The media practice in news consumption connected to social media use was the strongest predictor of exacerbated mental health symptoms, particularly in the late phase of the lockdown. Moreover, news media use characterized by internalization of information learned from the news, as well as negative attitudes toward media news, were associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression. Conversely, the use of infotainment, together with an in-depth and contextual style of reading news articles, were related to improvement of mental health. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the long lockdown resulted in traumatization rather than habituation, and in more pronounced effects (both negative and positive) of media use in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Grygarová
- Center for Advanced Studies of Brain and Consciousness, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Adámek
- Center for Advanced Studies of Brain and Consciousness, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Juríčková
- Center for Advanced Studies of Brain and Consciousness, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Horáček
- Center for Advanced Studies of Brain and Consciousness, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eduard Bakštein
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.,Early Stages of Severe Mental Illness Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Fajnerová
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Virtual Reality in Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Kesner
- Center for Advanced Studies of Brain and Consciousness, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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22
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Rivest-Beauregard M, Fortin J, Guo C, Cipolletta S, Sapkota RP, Lonergan M, Brunet A. Media Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Study. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e33011. [PMID: 3553703 PMCID: PMC9177167 DOI: 10.2196/33011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Throughout the pandemic, the general population was encouraged to use media to be kept informed about sanitary measures while staying connected with others to obtain social support. However, due to mixed findings in the literature, it is not clear whether media use in such a context would be pathogenic or salutogenic. OBJECTIVE Therefore, the associations between COVID-19-related stressors and frequency of media use for information-seeking on trauma- and stressor-related (TSR) symptoms were examined while also investigating how social media use for support-seeking and peritraumatic distress interact with those variables. METHODS A path model was tested in a sample of 5913 adults who completed an online survey. RESULTS The number of COVID-19-related stressors (β=.25; P<.001) and extent of information-seeking through media (β=.24; P=.006) were significantly associated with the severity of TSR symptoms in bivariate comparisons. Associations between levels of peritraumatic distress and both COVID-19-related stressors and information-seeking through media, and social media use for support- and information-seeking through media were found (βCOVID-19 stressors: Peritraumatic Distress Inventory=.49, P<.001; βseeking information: Peritraumatic Distress Inventory=.70, P<.001; βseeking information-seeking support=.04, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that exposure to COVID-19-related stressors and seeking COVID-19-related information through the media are associated with higher levels of peritraumatic distress that, in turn, lead to higher levels of TSR symptoms. Although exposure to the stress of the COVID-19 pandemic may be unavoidable, the frequency of COVID-19-related information consumption through various media should be approached with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolaine Rivest-Beauregard
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Division of Psychosocial Research, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Justine Fortin
- Division of Psychosocial Research, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Québec in Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Connie Guo
- Division of Psychosocial Research, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Ram P Sapkota
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michelle Lonergan
- Division of Psychosocial Research, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.,School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alain Brunet
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Division of Psychosocial Research, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
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23
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Mäntymäki M, Najmul Islam AKM, Turel O, Dhir A. Coping with pandemics using social network sites: A psychological detachment perspective to COVID-19 stressors. TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE 2022; 179:121660. [PMID: 35400767 PMCID: PMC8979767 DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Prior research has often portrayed information technology (IT) as a stressor. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate that IT can also be an effective means of coping with life stressors, including those induced by pandemics such as COVID-19. We thus deviate from the common IT-as-a-stressor perspective and adopt an IT-as-a-coping-mechanism viewpoint. To this end, we apply the stressor-detachment model from organisational psychology to the use of social network sites (SNSs) in coping with stressors wrought by the COVID-19 pandemic. We examine psychological well-being as our dependant variable and introduce psychological detachment through SNS use as a mediator and moderator of the associations between psychological well-being and two COVID-19 stressors: work-family conflict and perceived isolation. We used structural equation modelling and tested this model with survey data collected from 398 professionals who were in lockdown and working from home during the pandemic. The results indicated that psychological detachment through SNS uses increased psychological well-being and that heightened work-family conflict motivated this detachment strategy. In contrast, consistent with helplessness and motivation-opportunity theories, perceived isolation as a stressor did not influence psychological detachment through SNS use. While perceived isolation directly reduced individual well-being, the effect of work-family conflict on well-being was contingent upon users' levels of psychological detachment through SNS use. These findings suggest that while psychological detachment through SNS use is an effective means of improving one's well-being, it can be positively or negatively affected by stressors. Our study contributes to research on technology-mediated strategies for coping with stress and the psychosocial implications of global pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti Mäntymäki
- University of Turku, Turku School of Economics, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Ofir Turel
- California State University, Fullerton, CA, United States
| | - Amandeep Dhir
- Department of Management, School of Business & Law, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Norwegian School of Hotel Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, Stavanger, Norway
- Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
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24
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Akhther N, Sopory P. Seeking and Sharing Mental Health Information on Social Media During COVID-19: Role of Depression and Anxiety, Peer Support, and Health Benefits. JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2022; 7:211-226. [PMID: 35036521 PMCID: PMC8749346 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-021-00239-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study conducted a cross-sectional online survey (N = 865) to determine whether self-ratings of depression and anxiety, perceived peer support, and perceived health benefits of social media predicted mental health–related information seeking and sharing behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hierarchical regression models showed only depression self-ratings, anxiety self-ratings, and perceived health benefits predicted information seeking, whereas depression self-ratings, anxiety self-ratings, perceived peer support, and perceived health benefits all predicted information sharing. There was a statistically significant positive interaction of anxiety self-ratings and perceived peer support on information sharing. Participants’ experience of COVID-19 predicted both information seeking and sharing. Mental health–related information seeking and sharing differed across social media platforms, with YouTube, Facebook, and Instagram used most for information seeking and Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter used most for information sharing. Findings suggest social media mental health–related seeking and sharing behaviors have the potential to facilitate coping surrounding mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najma Akhther
- Department of Communication, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan USA
- Department of Journalism & Media Studies, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Pradeep Sopory
- Department of Communication, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan USA
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25
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Amiri P, Moulaei K, Bahaadinbeigy K, Ghaemi MM, Sheikhtaheri A. The information‐seeking behavior of medical sciences students toward COVID‐19 in mass and social media: A cross‐sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e648. [PMID: 35620539 PMCID: PMC9125876 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims During the COVID‐19 pandemic, college students can access health‐related information on the Internet to improve preventative behaviors, but they often judge the merits of such information and create challenges in the community. The aim of this study was to investigate information‐seeking behaviors in regard to COVID‐19 among students at Kerman University of Medical Sciences (KUMS) with the help of mass and social media. Methods The present study is a cross‐sectional study, which was conducted using an online researcher‐made questionnaire. An invitation to participate in the study was sent to 500 students at KUMS, of which 203 were selected according to the inclusion criteria and completed the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results COVID‐19 news was mostly obtained through social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Telegram, Instagram, radio, and television, as well as online publications and news agencies. Social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Telegram, Instagram, and satellite networks such as BBC contained the most rumors about COVID‐19. Some of the most common misconceptions regarding COVID‐19 were as follows: “COVID‐19 is the deadliest disease in the world,” “COVID‐19 is a biological attack,” and “COVID‐19 disappears as the air temperature rises.” In addition, most of the virtual training provided through mass media focused on “refraining from visiting holy places and crowded locations such as markets,” “observing personal hygiene and refraining from touching the eyes, nose, and mouth with infected hands,” and “the role of quarantine in reducing the incidence of COVID‐19.” Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that during the pandemic, students used social media platforms the most to obtain health‐related information and these media have a significant impact on their willingness to engage in preventative behaviors and take the COVID‐19 risk seriously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parasto Amiri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Health Information Management Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Khadijeh Moulaei
- Student Research Committee, Department of Health Information Management Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Kambiz Bahaadinbeigy
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ghaemi
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Abbas Sheikhtaheri
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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26
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Jahrami HA, Alhaj OA, Humood AM, Alenezi AF, Fekih-Romdhane F, AlRasheed MM, Saif ZQ, Bragazzi NL, Pandi-Perumal SR, BaHammam AS, Vitiello MV. Sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 62:101591. [PMID: 35131664 PMCID: PMC8782754 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the extent of sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eleven databases and six preprint repositories were searched for the period from November 1, 2019, to July 15, 2021. The DerSimonian and Laird method was used to develop random-effect meta-analyses. Two hundred and fifty studies comprising 493,475 participants from 49 countries were included. During COVID-19, the estimated global prevalence of sleep disturbances was 40.49% [37.56; 43.48%]. Bayesian meta-analysis revealed an odds of 0.68 [0.59; 0.77] which translates to a rate of approximately 41%. This provides reassurance that the estimated rate using classical meta-analysis is robust. Six major populations were identified; the estimated prevalence of sleep problem was 52.39% [41.69; 62.88%] among patients infected with COVID-19, 45.96% [36.90; 55.30%] among children and adolescents, 42.47% [37.95; 47.12%] among healthcare workers, 41.50% [32.98; 50.56%] among special populations with healthcare needs, 41.16% [28.76; 54.79%] among university students, and 36.73% [32.32; 41.38%] among the general population. Sleep disturbances were higher during lockdown compared to no lockdown, 42.49% versus 37.97%. Four in every ten individuals reported a sleep problem during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients infected with the disease, children, and adolescents appeared to be the most affected groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham A Jahrami
- Ministry of Health, Bahrain; College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain.
| | - Omar A Alhaj
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ali M Humood
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Ahmad F Alenezi
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Psychiatry Department "Ibn Omrane", Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maha M AlRasheed
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal
- Somnogen Canada Inc., College Street, Toronto, Canada; Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ahmed S BaHammam
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia; The Strategic Technologies Program of the National Plan for Sciences and Technology and Innovation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael V Vitiello
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, and Biobehavioral Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-6560, United States
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27
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Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Lien A, Hamilton HA, Chaput JP. Canadian 24-h Movement Guidelines, Life Stress, and Self-Esteem Among Adolescents. Front Public Health 2022; 10:702162. [PMID: 35284397 PMCID: PMC8913893 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.702162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescence is often considered a period of heightened stress, and healthy active living behaviors may help those experiencing it to better cope with life stressors and increase their self-esteem. The 24-h movement guidelines for children and adolescents recommend ≥60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, ≤ 2-h per day of recreational screen time, and 9–11-h of sleep per night for school-aged children or 8–10-h per night for adolescents. The objective of this study was to examine the association of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines with life stress and self-esteem among students in Ontario, Canada. Methods Self-reported data on movement behaviors, life stress and self-esteem were derived from the 2019 cycle of the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a cross-sectional and province-wide survey of students in grades 7–12 aged 11 to 20 years (N = 6,932). Multivariable ordered logistic regression analyses were adjusted for the complex sample design of the survey and for important covariates. Results Overall, meeting all combinations of movement behavior recommendations were associated with lower life stress and better self-esteem compared with meeting none of the recommendations, except meeting the physical activity only or screen time only recommendations that were not associated with lower life stress. Meeting all 3 recommendations was associated with lower life stress (OR: 0.40; 95 CI: 0.30–0.53) and better self-esteem (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.21–0.40). There was a dose-response gradient between the number of recommendations met (3 > 2 > 1) and lower life stress (p < 0.001) and higher self-esteem (p < 0.001), with meeting all 3 recommendations being the best combination. Conclusions These findings suggest that meeting the recommendations of the 24-h movement guidelines is associated with lower life stress and better self-esteem among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
| | - Amanda Lien
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hayley A. Hamilton
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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28
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Lewis N, Sznitman SR. Too Much Information? Excessive Media Use, Maladaptive Coping, and Increases in Problematic Cannabis Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Psychoactive Drugs 2022; 54:207-216. [PMID: 35109774 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2022.2031355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
During a health crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic, the public depends on the media for accurate and up-to-date information. However, frequent use of media for COVID-19-related information may be associated with maladaptive coping, and with increased prevalence of substance use. This study examined indirect associations between the frequency of media use for information about COVID-19 and increases in cannabis use behaviors through maladaptive coping strategies. We use data from an online survey of Israeli adult cannabis users (N = 440), conducted in May of 2020, to test associations between media use frequency for COVID-19 information and three problematic cannabis use behaviors: increased cannabis use, increased use alone, and increased use before midday. Among all respondents, 41% agreed that their cannabis use had increased since the onset of the pandemic. Analyses showed that higher frequency of media use was positively associated with all three indicators of problematic cannabis use, and that associations were partly mediated by maladaptive coping strategies. Higher frequency of media use for information about COVID-19 may be an indicator of difficulty with coping and of increased risk of escalation of cannabis use. These results have implications for assessing and mitigating the risk of coping-motivated cannabis use during a crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehama Lewis
- Department of Communication, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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29
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Islam AKMN, Mäntymäki M, Laato S, Turel O. Adverse consequences of emotional support seeking through social network sites in coping with stress from a global pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2022; 62:102431. [PMID: 34642531 PMCID: PMC8498008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study explores how using social networking sites (SNSs) to cope with stressors induced by a global pandemic (in this case, COVID-19) can have negative consequences. The pandemic has imposed particular stressors on individuals, such as the threats of contracting the virus and of unemployment. Owing to the lockdowns and confinements implemented to limit the spread of the pandemic, SNS use has surged worldwide. Drawing on Lazarus and Folkman's theory of stress and coping, we consider COVID-19 obsession to be an adverse emotional response to the stressors brought about by the pandemic and emotional support seeking through SNS as a coping strategy. Furthermore, we identify SNS exhaustion as an adverse outcome of this form of coping. Finally, we analyze the intention to reduce SNS use as a corrective behavioral outcome to mitigate the negative effect of SNS-mediated coping. The findings indicate that: 1) the threat of the COVID-19 disease and the threat of unemployment drive COVID-19 obsession; 2) COVID-19 obsession contributes to emotional support seeking through SNS; 3) emotional support seeking through SNS exerts a positive effect on SNS exhaustion; 4) SNS exhaustion contributes to the intention to reduce SNS use. Our results advance Information Systems (IS) research by focusing on the use of Information Technology (IT) to cope with stressors that are essentially not IT-related; such research is largely absent from previous literature. Furthermore, our paper contributes to the increasing amount of literature on IT-mediated coping with stressors and reduced social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matti Mäntymäki
- University of Turku, Turku School of Economics, Turku, Finland
| | - Samuli Laato
- University of Turku, Department of Computing, Turku, Finland
| | - Ofir Turel
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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30
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Fhon JRS, Püschel VADA, Cavalcante RB, Cruz FV, Gonçalves LN, Li W, Silva ARF. Repercussões na saúde mental e infodemia de covid-19 de idosos paulistanos. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2021-0421pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar e identificar sintomas depressivos, ansiedade e estresse associados à Infodemia de COVID-19 em idosos paulistanos. Método: Estudo exploratório e transversal com idosos da capital de São Paulo com acesso à internet. Foram analisados o perfil sociodemográfico, a infodemia de COVID-19, os sintomas depressivos, o estresse e a ansiedade. Resultados: Participaram 411 idosos. Predomínio do sexo feminino (76,4%), com ensino superior (57,9%), do uso de serviço de saúde privado e baixa variação na renda. Os idosos foram mais expostos a notícias ou informações sobre COVID-19 pela internet (45,3%), seguida pela televisão (34,5%) e pelo rádio (11,4%). A média de estresse foi 19,96 pontos; 33,1% apresentaram ansiedade e 39,7% sintomas depressivos. Quanto maior o número de pessoas que vivem com o idoso maior o estresse (p = 0,001) e a ansiedade (p = 0,02). As horas de exposição a informações pela internet levou a estresse (p = 0,001), sintomas depressivos (p = 0,02) e ansiedade (p = 0,02) do idoso. Conclusão Durante a pandemia, a exposição às informações pela internet desencadeou ansiedade, estresse e sintomas depressivos nos idosos. Os achados evidenciam a necessidade de intervenções multi e interdisciplinares para mitigar tais repercussões na saúde dos idosos.
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31
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Levaot Y, Greene T, Palgi Y. The associations between media use, peritraumatic distress, anxiety and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 145:334-338. [PMID: 33187689 PMCID: PMC8702404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between media use, experiences of media use as having a negative and/or positive impact on coping, peritraumatic distress, anxiety symptoms and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. A convenience sample of 902 Israeli adults (mean age = 46.21) completed measures of peritraumatic distress, anxiety symptoms and resilience, and reported on their media use experiences one month following the initial outbreak of the disease in Israel (April 2020). After controlling for COVID-19 related events and demographic covariates, experiencing media use as having a negative impact on coping was related to higher levels of peritraumatic distress and anxiety symptoms and lower levels of resilience. In contrast, experiencing media as having a positive impact was not related to peritraumatic distress, anxiety symptoms or resilience. The findings suggest that those reporting that media use had a negative impact on coping are at greater risk of experiencing higher levels of peritraumatic distress and anxiety symptoms as well as lower resilience. In addition, traditional media use was related to higher resiliency. Developing understanding of how media could be used to optimally support emergency responses is crucial in order to minimize psychopathology. Unified, clear, trustworthy and informative messaging has a special importance during a mass public health crisis. Further research will contribute to guidance of potential risk and resilience aspects of media use during emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Levaot
- Department of Community Mental Health, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Israel.
| | - Talya Greene
- Department of Community Mental Health, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Israel
| | - Yuval Palgi
- Department of Gerontology and the Center for Research and Study of Aging, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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32
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Wolfers LN, Utz S. Social Media Use, Stress, and Coping. Curr Opin Psychol 2022; 45:101305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Delgado CE, Silva EA, Castro EABD, Carbogim FDC, Püschel VADA, Cavalcante RB. COVID-19 infodemic and adult and elderly mental health: a scoping review. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2021; 55:e20210170. [PMID: 34855932 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2021-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to map scientific knowledge about the repercussions of the infodemic on adult and elderly mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD this is a scoping review, developed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology, which included 33 articles. These articles were analyzed according to average age, gender and education level; place and period of the studies; exposure time to COVID-19 information; main signs and symptoms related to mental health; main sources of information; suggestions for mitigating the effects of the infodemic; and knowledge gaps. RESULTS the most present repercussions of the infodemic on the adult and elderly mental health were anxiety, depression and stress, and the most affected group was young adults and females. CONCLUSION future studies with more robust designs are needed to investigate the repercussions of the infodemic on people's mental health in the medium and long term, as well as to assess the effects, feasibility, cost-benefit and meaning of interventions in population groups, especially in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eveline Aparecida Silva
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Fabio da Costa Carbogim
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Departamento de Enfermagem Aplicada, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.,Centro Brasileiro para o Cuidado à Saúde Informado por Evidências: Centro de Excelência do JBI Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Docente do programa de Pós-graduação da Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Vilanice Alves de Araújo Püschel
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento de Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Centro Brasileiro para o Cuidado à Saúde Informado por Evidências: Centro de Excelência do JBI Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Bezerra Cavalcante
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Departamento de Enfermagem Aplicada, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.,Docente do programa de Pós-graduação da Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Bazán PR, de Azevedo Neto RM, Lacerda SS, Ribeiro MW, Balardin JB, Amaro E, Kozasa EH. COVID-19 news valence effects on emotion and its modulation by a relaxation: A randomized online experiment during COVID-19 pandemic. Internet Interv 2021; 26:100472. [PMID: 34697586 PMCID: PMC8529560 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2021.100472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated how news with positive and negative content about COVID-19, as well as a relaxation pause, affect the emotional state. We also investigated the association between emotional state and practicing meditation/yoga, physical activity or having a mental disease. For that, a sample of 717 participants, recruited through social media, were randomly assigned to listen to negative or positive news about COVID-19. After that, both groups were guided through a short relaxation pause. Their emotional state was measured before they listened to the audios and after each audio. Mixed linear models were used to evaluate the effects of news group, relaxation pause, mental health and well-being practices. Negative news worsened their emotional state, whereas positive news improved it. A brief relaxation pause improved the effects of negative news content and may mitigate the effects of this valence of information. Practicing physical activity, meditation/yoga was associated with better emotional responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Edson Amaro
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Pian W, Chi J, Ma F. The causes, impacts and countermeasures of COVID-19 "Infodemic": A systematic review using narrative synthesis. Inf Process Manag 2021; 58:102713. [PMID: 34720340 PMCID: PMC8545871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2021.102713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented infodemic has been witnessed to create massive damage to human society. However, it was not thoroughly investigated. This systematic review aims to (1) synthesize the existing literature on the causes and impacts of COVID-19 infodemic; (2) summarize the proposed strategies to fight with COVID-19 infodemic; and (3) identify the directions for future research. A systematic literature search following the PRISMA guideline covering 12 scholarly databases was conducted to retrieve various types of peer-reviewed articles that reported causes, impacts, or countermeasures of the infodemic. Empirical studies were assessed for risk of bias using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool. A coding theme was iteratively developed to categorize the causes, impacts, and countermeasures found from the included studies. Social media usage, low level of health/eHealth literacy, and fast publication process and preprint service are identified as the major causes of the infodemic. Besides, the vicious circle of human rumor-spreading behavior and the psychological issues from the public (e.g., anxiety, distress, fear) emerges as the characteristic of the infodemic. Comprehensive lists of countermeasures are summarized from different perspectives, among which risk communication and consumer health information need/seeking are of particular importance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed and future research directions are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Pian
- School of Economics & Management, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Qishan Campus, Fuzhou City 350116
- Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 315 Xihong Road, Fuzhou City 350025, China
| | - Jianxing Chi
- School of Communication, Fujian Normal University, 1 Keji Road, Qishan Campus, Fuzhou City, 350117, China
- School of Information Management, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan City 430072, China
| | - Feicheng Ma
- Center for Studies of Information Resources, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan City 430072, China
- Big Data Institute, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan City 430072, China
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36
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Heyerdahl LW, Lana B, Giles-Vernick T. The Impact of the Online COVID-19 Infodemic on French Red Cross Actors' Field Engagement and Protective Behaviors: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR INFODEMIOLOGY 2021; 1:e27472. [PMID: 34661065 PMCID: PMC8507423 DOI: 10.2196/27472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has been widely described as an infodemic, an excess of rapidly circulating information in social and traditional media in which some information may be erroneous, contradictory, or inaccurate. One key theme cutting across many infodemic analyses is that it stymies users’ capacities to identify appropriate information and guidelines, encourages them to take inappropriate or even harmful actions, and should be managed through multiple transdisciplinary approaches. Yet, investigations demonstrating how the COVID-19 information ecosystem influences complex public decision making and behavior offline are relatively few. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether information reported through the social media channel Twitter, linked articles and websites, and selected traditional media affected the risk perception, engagement in field activities, and protective behaviors of French Red Cross (FRC) volunteers and health workers in the Paris region of France from June to October 2020. Methods We used a hybrid approach that blended online and offline data. We tracked daily Twitter discussions and selected traditional media in France for 7 months, qualitatively evaluating COVID-19 claims and debates about nonpharmaceutical protective measures. We conducted 24 semistructured interviews with FRC workers and volunteers. Results Social and traditional media debates about viral risks and nonpharmaceutical interventions fanned anxieties among FRC volunteers and workers. Decisions to continue conducting FRC field activities and daily protective practices were also influenced by other factors unrelated to the infodemic: familial and social obligations, gender expectations, financial pressures, FRC rules and communications, state regulations, and relationships with coworkers. Some respondents developed strategies for “tuning out” social and traditional media. Conclusions This study suggests that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the information ecosystem may be just one among multiple influences on one group’s offline perceptions and behavior. Measures to address users who have disengaged from online sources of health information and who rely on social relationships to obtain information are needed. Tuning out can potentially lead to less informed decision making, leading to worse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo W Heyerdahl
- Department of Global Health, Anthropology and Ecology of Disease Emergence Unit Institut Pasteur Paris France
| | - Benedetta Lana
- Department of Global Health, Anthropology and Ecology of Disease Emergence Unit Institut Pasteur Paris France
| | - Tamara Giles-Vernick
- Department of Global Health, Anthropology and Ecology of Disease Emergence Unit Institut Pasteur Paris France
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Haddad JM, Macenski C, Mosier-Mills A, Hibara A, Kester K, Schneider M, Conrad RC, Liu CH. The Impact of Social Media on College Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Multinational Review of the Existing Literature. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2021; 23:70. [PMID: 34613542 PMCID: PMC8493361 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01288-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW During the COVID-19 pandemic, both social media use and rates of anxiety and depression among college students have increased significantly. This begs the question, what is the relationship between social media use and college student mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic? RECENT FINDINGS Prior studies have found mixed results regarding the relationship between social media use and college student mental health. This relationship has become increasingly complex during the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that excessive or problematic social media use during the COVID-19 pandemic was correlated with worse mental health outcomes that could be mitigated by dialectical thinking, optimism, mindfulness, and cognitive reappraisal. The COVID-19 pandemic acts as a moderator by strengthening the relationship between social media use and mental health. Future studies should consider the impact of social media on college student mental health and concentrate on intervention initiatives to ensure the psychological well-being of college students during a global pandemic outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Haddad
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Christina Macenski
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Alice Hibara
- Harvard College, 86 Brattle Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | | | - Marguerite Schneider
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rachel C Conrad
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Cindy H Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Otto AK, Jary JM, Sturza J, Miller CA, Prohaska N, Bravender T, Van Huysse J. Medical Admissions Among Adolescents With Eating Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Pediatrics 2021; 148:peds.2021-052201. [PMID: 34244452 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-052201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Emerging data suggest the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been associated with worsening symptoms of eating disorders (EDs) among both adults and adolescents. With this study, we sought to determine if medical admission patterns among adolescents admitted to our institution for restrictive EDs changed during the pandemic, relative to prepandemic counts of admissions per month. METHODS We performed a chart review of patients aged 10 to 23 years admitted to our children's hospital for restrictive EDs from March 2017 through March 2021 and completed an interrupted time series analysis of admission counts per month. Demographic variables for admitted patients were compared by using χ2, Fisher's exact, and 2-sample t tests. RESULTS ED-related medical admissions at our institution increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The total number of admissions during the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic (April 1, 2020, through March 31, 2021, n = 125) was more than double the mean number of admissions per year for the same time frame (April 1 through March 31) for the previous 3 years (mean = 56). Patient demographics were similar before and during the pandemic, with the exception that patients admitted during the COVID-19 pandemic were less likely than those admitted before the pandemic to have public insurance. CONCLUSIONS Medical admissions related to restrictive EDs among adolescents increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pediatric providers in a variety of settings should be prepared to care for adolescents with restrictive EDs during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Natalie Prohaska
- Division of Adolescent Medicine.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Terrill Bravender
- Division of Adolescent Medicine.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Social and Psychological Consequences of COVID-19 Online Content at a Lockdown Phase—Europe and Asia Comparison. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13169198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
After more than a year in a pandemic world, more than 171 million people worldwide have been infected and over 3.5 million have died. The number of those who have suffered mentally due to the pandemic is well above this number. The virus, lockdowns, forced quarantines, and problems related to jobs and everyday functioning have left their mark on mental health. Additionally, the massive spread of COVID-19 content of varying quality in social media is exacerbating this impact. On the other hand, in times of social distancing, these media are an important link with other people and a source of social support. The impact of the COVID-19 content in social media still requires further exploring. This influence on mental health may also vary geographically. There are more and more reports of discrimination against Asians due to COVID-19. We conducted a survey during lockdown in which 1664 respondents took part. After analyzing the impact of COVID-19 content in social media on the level of life satisfaction, anxiety, and depression, we compared this impact between European and Asian respondents. The results showed that dealing with these contents affects the level of anxiety, depression, and life satisfaction. Although most often these relations turned out to be negative, we have also identified those indicating a positive impact. This was particularly noticeable among Asian respondents, who additionally showed a lower relationship between reading COVID-19 content and their mental well-being than European respondents.
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Grantham JL, Verishagen CL, Whiting SJ, Henry CJ, Lieffers JRL. Evaluation of a Social Media Campaign in Saskatchewan to Promote Healthy Eating During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Social Media Analysis and Qualitative Interview Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e27448. [PMID: 34133314 PMCID: PMC8297600 DOI: 10.2196/27448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic presented many sudden challenges regarding food, including grocery shopping changes (eg, reduced store hours, capacity restrictions, and empty store shelves due to food hoarding), restaurant closures, the need to cook more at home, and closures of food access programs. Eat Well Saskatchewan (EWS) implemented a 16-week social media campaign, #eatwellcovid19, led by a dietitian and nutrition student that focused on sharing stories submitted by the Saskatchewan public about how they were eating healthy during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to describe the implementation of the #eatwellcovid19 social media campaign and the results from the evaluation of the campaign, which included campaign performance using social media metrics and experiences and perspectives of campaign followers. METHODS Residents of Saskatchewan, Canada, were invited to submit personal stories and experiences to EWS about how they were eating healthy during the COVID-19 pandemic from April to August 2020. Each week, one to three stories were featured on EWS social media platforms-Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter-along with evidence-based nutrition information to help residents become more resilient to challenges related to food and nutrition experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals who submitted stories were entered into a weekly draw for a Can $100 grocery gift card. Social media metrics and semistructured qualitative interviews of campaign followers were used to evaluate the #eatwellcovid19 campaign. RESULTS In total, 75 stories were submitted by 74 individuals on a variety of topics (eg, grocery shopping, traditional skills, and gardening), and 42 stories were featured on social media. EWS shared 194 #eatwellcovid19 posts across social media platforms (Facebook: n=100; Instagram: n=55; and Twitter: n=39). On Facebook, #eatawellcovid19 reached 100,571 followers and left 128,818 impressions, resulting in 9575 engagements. On Instagram, the campaign reached 11,310 followers, made 14,145 impressions, and received 823 likes and 15 comments. On Twitter, #eatwellcovid19 made 15,199 impressions and received 424 engagements. Featured story submission posts had the best engagement on Facebook and the most likes and comments on Instagram. The EWS social media pages reported increases in their following during the campaign (Instagram: +30%; Facebook: +14%; and Twitter: +12%). Results from the interviews revealed that there were two types of campaign followers: those who appreciated hearing the stories submitted by followers, as it helped them to feel connected to the community during social isolation, and those who appreciated the evidence-based information. CONCLUSIONS Numerous stories were submitted to the #eatwellcovid19 social media campaign on various topics. On Instagram and Facebook, posts that featured these stories had the highest engagement. During this campaign, EWS's social media following increased by more than 10% on each platform. The approach used for the #eatwellcovid19 campaign could be considered by others looking to develop health promotion campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn L Grantham
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Carrie L Verishagen
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Susan J Whiting
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Carol J Henry
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jessica R L Lieffers
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Commodari E, La Rosa VL. Adolescents and Distance Learning during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: What Impact on Students' Well-Being and Learning Processes and What Future Prospects? Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2021; 11:726-735. [PMID: 34563065 PMCID: PMC8314351 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe11030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze the experiences related to distance learning in a large sample of students in upper secondary school during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy and to explore the potentialities of distance learning for students' well-being. METHODS Between 22 April and 1 May 2020, 1017 students completed an online survey about the characteristics of online didactic, the availability of devices for distance learning, and the psychological experiences related to e-learning. RESULTS All Italian schools have adopted distance learning, even if each teacher employs different approaches to e-learning. Students are aware of the importance of distance learning for the containment of the pandemic and of the need to continue with online teaching to avoid the resumption of the infections. However, distance learning is associated with a significant increase in student workload and a consequent psychological distress related to homework. Specifically, students are more distracted in studying, have difficulty organizing study and are concerned that their school career may be adversely affected by the lockdown. Furthermore, a significant percentage does not perceive adequate support from teachers. CONCLUSIONS Future studies will have to explore the impact of distance learning even in the subsequent waves of contagion, taking into account the persistence of the stress from the pandemic.
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Oswald TK, Rumbold AR, Kedzior SGE, Kohler M, Moore VM. Mental Health of Young Australians during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring the Roles of Employment Precarity, Screen Time, and Contact with Nature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5630. [PMID: 34070331 PMCID: PMC8197562 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is widely understood to have contributed to mental health problems. In Australia, young people (18-24 years) have been disproportionately affected. To date, research has predominantly focused on the presence or absence of mental illness symptoms, while aspects of mental well-being have been overlooked. We aimed to explore associations between potential risk and protective factors and mental health more comprehensively, using the Complete State Model of Mental Health. An online survey of 1004 young Australians (55% female; M age = 21.23) was undertaken. Assessment of both mental illness and mental well-being enabled participants to be cross-classified into four mental health states. Those with 'Floundering' (13%) or 'Struggling' (47.5%) mental health reported symptoms of mental illness; a 'Languishing' group (25.5%) did not report symptoms of mental illness but mental well-being was compromised relative to those who were 'Flourishing' (14%) with high mental well-being. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine associations, adjusting for socio-demographic confounders. Protective factors associated with Flourishing mental health included being in secure employment, using screen time to connect with others, and reporting high levels of hope. Both incidental and purposive contact with nature were also associated with Flourishing, while a lack of green/bluespace within walking distance was associated with Languishing, absence of outdoor residential space was associated with Floundering, and lower neighbourhood greenness was associated with all three suboptimal mental health states. Precarious employment, financial stress, living alone, reporting decreased screen time during lockdowns, lower levels of hope, and high disruption of core beliefs were also associated with Struggling and Floundering mental health. Those who were Languishing reported somewhat less hardship and little disruption to core beliefs, but lower levels of hope compared to young people who were Flourishing. This study highlights that young adults require dedicated mental health services to deal with current burden, but should also be supported through a range of preventive strategies which target mental health risk factors, like precarious employment, and enhance protective factors, such as urban green infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassia K. Oswald
- Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
- Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; (A.R.R.); (S.G.E.K.)
| | - Alice R. Rumbold
- Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; (A.R.R.); (S.G.E.K.)
- South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, SAHMRI Women and Kids, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
| | - Sophie G. E. Kedzior
- Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; (A.R.R.); (S.G.E.K.)
| | - Mark Kohler
- Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
- The Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Vivienne M. Moore
- Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
- Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; (A.R.R.); (S.G.E.K.)
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Yang X, Yip BHK, Mak ADP, Zhang D, Lee EKP, Wong SYS. The Differential Effects of Social Media on Depressive Symptoms and Suicidal Ideation Among the Younger and Older Adult Population in Hong Kong During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Population-Based Cross-sectional Survey Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e24623. [PMID: 33835937 PMCID: PMC8153033 DOI: 10.2196/24623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media has become a ubiquitous part of daily life during the COVID-19 pandemic isolation. However, the role of social media use in depression and suicidal ideation of the general public remains unclear. Related empirical studies were limited and reported inconsistent findings. Little is known about the potential underlying mechanisms that may illustrate the relationship between social media use and depression and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study tested the mediation effects of social loneliness and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms on the relationship between social media use and depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, as well as the moderation effect of age on the mediation models. METHODS We administered a population-based random telephone survey in May and June 2020, when infection control measures were being vigorously implemented in Hong Kong. A total of 1070 adults (658 social media users and 412 nonusers) completed the survey. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and multigroup SEM were conducted to test the mediation and moderation effects. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of probable depression was 11.6%; 1.6% had suicidal ideation in the past 2 weeks. Both moderated mediation models of depressive symptoms (χ262=335.3; P<.05; comparative fit index [CFI]=0.94; nonnormed fit index [NNFI]=0.92; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA]=0.06) and suicidal ideation (χ234=50.8; P<.05; CFI=0.99; NNFI=0.99; RMSEA=0.02) showed acceptable model fit. There was a significantly negative direct effect of social media use on depressive symptoms among older people (β=-.07; P=.04) but not among younger people (β=.04; P=.55). The indirect effect via PTSD symptoms was significantly positive among both younger people (β=.09; P=.02) and older people (β=.10; P=.01). The indirect effect via social loneliness was significant among older people (β=-.01; P=.04) but not among younger people (β=.01; P=.31). The direct effect of social media use on suicidal ideation was not statistically significant in either age group (P>.05). The indirect effects via PTSD symptoms were statistically significant among younger people (β=.02; P=.04) and older people (β=.03; P=.01). Social loneliness was not a significant mediator between social media use and suicidal ideation among either age group (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS Social media may be a "double-edged sword" for psychosocial well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic, and its roles vary across age groups. The mediators identified in this study can be addressed by psychological interventions to prevent severe mental health problems during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Benjamin H K Yip
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Arthur D P Mak
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Dexing Zhang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eric K P Lee
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Samuel Y S Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Adly AS, Adly MS, Adly AS. Telemanagement of Home-Isolated COVID-19 Patients Using Oxygen Therapy With Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation and Physical Therapy Techniques: Randomized Clinical Trial. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e23446. [PMID: 33819166 PMCID: PMC8080964 DOI: 10.2196/23446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the growing stress on hospitals caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for home-based solutions has become a necessity to support these overwhelmed hospitals. Objective The goal of this study was to compare two nonpharmacological respiratory treatment methods for home-isolated COVID-19 patients using a newly developed telemanagement health care system. Methods In this single-blinded randomized clinical trial, 60 patients with stage 1 pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection were treated. Group A (n=30) received oxygen therapy with bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) ventilation, and Group B (n=30) received osteopathic manipulative respiratory and physical therapy techniques. Arterial blood gases of PaO2 and PaCO2, pH, vital signs (ie, temperature, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, heart rate, and blood pressure), and chest computed tomography scans were used for follow-up and for assessment of the course and duration of recovery. Results Analysis of the results showed a significant difference between the two groups (P<.05), with Group A showing shorter recovery periods than Group B (mean 14.9, SD 1.7 days, and mean 23.9, SD 2.3 days, respectively). Significant differences were also observed between baseline and final readings in all of the outcome measures in both groups (P<.05). Regarding posttreatment satisfaction with our proposed telemanagement health care system, positive responses were given by most of the patients in both groups. Conclusions It was found that home-based oxygen therapy with BiPAP can be a more effective prophylactic treatment approach than osteopathic manipulative respiratory and physical therapy techniques, as it can impede exacerbation of early-stage COVID-19 pneumonia. Telemanagement health care systems are promising methods to help in the pandemic-related shortage of hospital beds, as they showed reasonable effectiveness and reliability in the monitoring and management of patients with early-stage COVID-19 pneumonia. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04368923; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04368923
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Sedky Adly
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.,Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Sedky Adly
- Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Afnan Sedky Adly
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cardiovascular-Respiratory Disorders and Geriatrics, Laser Applications in Physical Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Faculty of Physical Therapy, Internal Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Hellem T, Benavides-Vaello S, Taylor-Piliae R. National Internet-Based Survey of the Use, Barriers, Reasons and Beliefs of Mind-Body Practices During the Early Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Evid Based Integr Med 2021; 26:2515690X211006332. [PMID: 33829877 PMCID: PMC8040606 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x211006332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to learn about the use, barriers, reasons and beliefs regarding mind-body practices among adults living in the United States during the beginning months of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. An on-line survey was developed following the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet e-Surveys (CHERRIES) guidelines and using the online survey software program, Qualtrics®XM, platform. Pilot testing of the survey was conducted for usability and functionality. The final 24-item survey was distributed via email and social media. A total of 338 adults responded to the survey, with 68.8% indicating that they participated in mind-body activities since the start of the pandemic. Physical activity was the most frequently (61.5%, n = 227) used mind-body practice. Further, 2 of the common barriers to engaging in mind-body practices were lack of motivation and wandering mind. Frequently listed reasons for using mind-body practices were to promote health, reduce stress and relaxation. Respondents believed that mind-body practices resulted in less stress. These findings may be applicable for reducing psychological stress related to the pandemic, as the pandemic continues to impact many areas of the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Hellem
- College of Nursing, 33052Montana State University, Missoula, MT, USA
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Kinser PA, Jallo N, Amstadter AB, Thacker LR, Jones E, Moyer S, Rider A, Karjane N, Salisbury AL. Depression, Anxiety, Resilience, and Coping: The Experience of Pregnant and New Mothers During the First Few Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2021; 30:654-664. [PMID: 33844945 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It is well-documented that the mental health of pregnant and postpartum women is essential for maternal, child, and family well-being. Of major public health concern is the perinatal mental health impacts that may occur during the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It is essential to explore the symptom experience and predictors of mental health status, including the relationship between media use and mental health. Materials and Methods: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the experiences of pregnant and postpartum women (n = 524) in the United States in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional online observational study collected psychosocial quantitative and qualitative survey data in adult pregnant and postpartum (up to 6 months postdelivery) women in April-June 2020. Results: Multivariable linear regression models were used to evaluate predictors of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The most common predictors were job insecurity, family concerns, eating comfort foods, resilience/adaptability score, sleep, and use of social and news media. Qualitative themes centered on pervasive uncertainty and anxiety; grief about losses; gratitude for shifting priorities; and use of self-care methods including changing media use. Conclusions: This study provides information to identify risk for anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms in perinatal women during acute public health situations. Women with family and job concerns and low resilience/adaptability scores seem to be at high risk of psychological sequelae. Although use of social media is thought to improve social connectedness, our results indicate that increased media consumption is related to increased anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Kinser
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Ananda B Amstadter
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Leroy R Thacker
- Department of Biostatistics and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Evelyn Jones
- Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Sara Moyer
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Amy Rider
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Nicole Karjane
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Amy L Salisbury
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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47
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Lebrasseur A, Fortin-Bédard N, Lettre J, Raymond E, Bussières EL, Lapierre N, Faieta J, Vincent C, Duchesne L, Ouellet MC, Gagnon E, Tourigny A, Lamontagne MÈ, Routhier F. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Older Adults: Rapid Review. JMIR Aging 2021; 4:e26474. [PMID: 33720839 PMCID: PMC8043147 DOI: 10.2196/26474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed the lives of countless members of the general population. Older adults are known to experience loneliness, age discrimination, and excessive worry. It is therefore reasonable to anticipate that they would experience greater negative outcomes related to the COVID-19 pandemic given their increased isolation and risk for complications than younger adults. OBJECTIVE This study aims to synthesize the existing research on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and associated isolation and protective measures, on older adults. The secondary objective is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and associated isolation and protective measures, on older adults with Alzheimer disease and related dementias. METHODS A rapid review of the published literature was conducted on October 6, 2020, through a search of 6 online databases to synthesize results from published original studies regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults. The Human Development Model conceptual framework-Disability Creation Process was used to describe and understand interactions between personal factors, environmental factors, and life habits. Methods and results are reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Statement. RESULTS A total of 135 records were included from the initial search strategy of 13,452 individual studies. Of these, 113 (83.7%) studies were determined to be of level 4 according to the levels of evidence classification by the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. The presence of psychological symptoms, exacerbation of ageism, and physical deterioration of aged populations were reported in the included studies. Decreased social life and fewer in-person social interactions reported during the COVID-19 pandemic were occasionally associated with reduced quality of life and increased depression. Difficulties accessing services, sleep disturbances, and a reduction of physical activity were also noted. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the need for adequate isolation and protective measures. Older adults represent a heterogeneous group, which could explain the contradictory results found in the literature. Individual, organizational, and institutional strategies should be established to ensure that older adults are able to maintain social contacts, preserve family ties, and maintain the ability to give or receive help during the current pandemic. Future studies should focus on specific consequences and needs of more at-risk older adults to ensure their inclusion, both in public health recommendations and considerations made by policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Lebrasseur
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Noémie Fortin-Bédard
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- School of Social Work and Criminology, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Josiane Lettre
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Emilie Raymond
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- School of Social Work and Criminology, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Eve-Line Bussières
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Nolwenn Lapierre
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Faieta
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Claude Vincent
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Louise Duchesne
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Christine Ouellet
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Gagnon
- VITAM - Centre de recherche en santé durable, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Sociology, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - André Tourigny
- VITAM - Centre de recherche en santé durable, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Lamontagne
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - François Routhier
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Yang X, Kovarik C, Wang Y, Yu S. A Multi-Site Cross-Sectional Study of Anxiety Symptoms and the Associated Factors Among Chinese Drug Users Undergoing Compulsory Detoxification Treatment. Front Public Health 2021; 9:524068. [PMID: 33777872 PMCID: PMC7990875 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.524068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Compulsory drug detoxification treatment (CDT) is currently the major drug rehabilitation modality in China, and drug users often suffer from extraordinary levels of stress during CDT, leading to a high prevalence of anxiety symptoms. This study assesses anxiety symptoms of the drug users undergoing CDT and explores the associated factors. A cross-sectional study with cluster sampling was conducted in three cities in Liaoning Province of Northeast China. Nine hundred CDT drug users were interviewed face-to-face with Chinese questionnaires. Hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) analysis was conducted to explore the factors associated with anxiety symptoms. The prevalence of anxiety symptoms among the CDT drug users was substantially high (33.2%). HMR analysis indicated perceived stress and characteristics of drug use such as types of drugs, were the most important contributors to anxiety symptoms. Optimism (LOT-R) played a protective role in reducing anxiety symptoms in this population. Anxiety symptoms of drug users undergoing CDT were present in a significant proportion of the CDT population. Optimism is a protective factor which could attenuate the detrimental effects of perceived stress on anxiety symptoms and potentially improve treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshi Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Carrie Kovarik
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yuke Wang
- Liaoning Juvenile's Compulsory Drug Detention Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Shenshui Yu
- Liaoning Juvenile's Compulsory Drug Detention Center, Shenyang, China
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González-Olmo MJ, Delgado-Ramos B, Ortega-Martínez AR, Romero-Maroto M, Carrillo-Díaz M. Fear of COVID-19 in Madrid. Will patients avoid dental care? Int Dent J 2021; 72:76-82. [PMID: 33743992 PMCID: PMC7970159 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this research is to describe how perceived infectability, germ aversion, and fear of COVID-19 in adults in Madrid have changed from the beginning of the pandemic until the lockdown exit phase and their influence on dental care behaviour. Materials and Methods Some 961 participants were monitored in a study in Madrid at 2 time points: before lockdown (T0) and after completion of the total lockdown (T1). A questionnaire that included basic sociodemographic variables, the perceived vulnerability to disease scale (including perceived infectability and germ aversion), the fear of COVID-19 scale, and dental visiting behaviour after confinement for fear of COVID was administered. Results The participants had higher scores for infectability and germ aversion at T1 than at T0 (P < 0.01). Of those studied, 24.5% (235) of the participants would not go to the dentist for fear of COVID-19. Those who had a high perceived infectability scale score were at least 5 times more likely to not visit the dentist. Those with high COVID-19 fear were at least 6 times more likely to not visit the dentist, and those older than 60 years were 8 times more likely to not visit. Conclusions The population's high levels of vulnerability to infectability and perceived germ aversion associated with fear of COVID-19 and the resultant avoidance behaviour to dental care will remain until an effective drug or vaccine for SARS-CoV2 is found.
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50
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Lorenzo NE, Zeytinoglu S, Morales S, Listokin J, Almas AN, Degnan KA, Henderson H, Chronis-Tuscano A, Fox NA. Transactional Associations Between Parent and Late Adolescent Internalizing Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Moderating Role of Avoidant Coping. J Youth Adolesc 2021; 50:459-469. [PMID: 33495969 PMCID: PMC7833445 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01374-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has demonstrated the transactional nature of parent-child psychopathology, with limited studies examining these effects during late adolescence and none, to our knowledge, longitudinally during the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study examined the cross-lagged effects of parent and adolescent internalizing symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and the moderating role of avoidant coping. A sample of 291 adolescents (Agemean = 18.27; 53% female; 61% White) and their parents rated their own anxiety and depressive symptoms and coping during the first two months following stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Parent internalizing symptoms at the first assessment predicted adolescent internalizing symptoms at the second assessment. Adolescent avoidant coping style moderated this effect of parent internalizing symptoms on adolescent internalizing symptoms in the subsequent month, such that parent internalizing symptoms predicted child internalizing symptoms only among adolescents with moderate to high rates of avoidant coping. Follow-up analyses indicated different patterns when examining depressive and anxiety symptoms separately. The results highlight complex family dynamics between adolescents and their parents and begin to differentiate how individual characteristics impact the response to a significant life event such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E Lorenzo
- University of Maryland, 3942 Campus Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Selin Zeytinoglu
- University of Maryland, 3942 Campus Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Santiago Morales
- University of Maryland, 3942 Campus Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Jamie Listokin
- University of Maryland, 3942 Campus Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Alisa N Almas
- University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kathryn A Degnan
- Catholic University, 620 Michigan Ave., N.E., Washington, DC, 20064, USA
| | - Heather Henderson
- Waterloo University, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | | | - Nathan A Fox
- University of Maryland, 3942 Campus Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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