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Panayi N, Schulz P, He P, Hanna B, Lifshitz J, Rowe RK, Sierks MR. Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice Generates Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease Related Protein Pathology that Correlates with Neurobehavioral Deficits. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04035-5. [PMID: 38411868 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases the long-term risk of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we demonstrate that protein variant pathology generated in brain tissue of an experimental TBI mouse model is similar to protein variant pathology observed during early stages of AD, and that subacute accumulation of AD associated variants of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau in the TBI mouse model correlated with behavioral deficits. Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to midline fluid percussion injury or to sham injury, after which sensorimotor function (rotarod, neurological severity score), cognitive deficit (novel object recognition), and affective deficits (elevated plus maze, forced swim task) were assessed post-injury (DPI). Protein pathology at 7, 14, and 28 DPI was measured in multiple brain regions using an immunostain panel of reagents selectively targeting different neurodegenerative disease-related variants of Aβ, tau, TDP-43, and alpha-synuclein. Overall, TBI resulted in sensorimotor deficits and accumulation of AD-related protein variant pathology near the impact site, both of which returned to sham levels by 14 DPI. Individual mice, however, showed persistent behavioral deficits and/or accumulation of toxic protein variants at 28 DPI. Behavioral outcomes of each mouse were correlated with levels of seven different protein variants in ten brain regions at specific DPI. Out of 21 significant correlations between protein variant levels and behavioral deficits, 18 were with variants of Aβ or tau. Correlations at 28 DPI were all between a single Aβ or tau variant, both of which are strongly associated with human AD cases. These data provide a direct mechanistic link between protein pathology resulting from TBI and the hallmarks of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Panayi
- Chemical Engineering, The School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-6106, USA
| | - Philip Schulz
- Chemical Engineering, The School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-6106, USA
| | - Ping He
- Chemical Engineering, The School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-6106, USA
| | - Brandon Hanna
- Chemical Engineering, The School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-6106, USA
| | - Jonathan Lifshitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Phoenix Veteran Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Rachel K Rowe
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Michael R Sierks
- Chemical Engineering, The School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-6106, USA.
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2
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Panayi N, Schulz P, He P, Hanna B, Lifshitz J, Rowe R, Sierks MR. Traumatic brain injury in mice generates early-stage Alzheimer's disease related protein pathology that correlates with neurobehavioral deficits. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2865501. [PMID: 37205508 PMCID: PMC10187431 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2865501/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases the long-term risk of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we demonstrate that protein variant pathology generated in brain tissue of an experimental TBI mouse model is similar to protein variant pathology observed in human ADbrains, and that subacute accumulation of two AD associated variants of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau in the TBI mouse model correlated with behavioral deficits. Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to midline fluid percussion injury or to sham injury, after which sensorimotor function (rotarod, neurological severity score), cognitive deficit (novel object recognition), and affective deficits (elevated plus maze, forced swim task) were assessed at different days post-injury (DPI). Protein pathology at 7, 14, and 28 DPI was measured in multiple brain regions using an immunostain panel of reagents selectively targeting different neurodegenerative disease-related variants of Aβ, tau, TDP-43, and alpha-synuclein. Overall, TBI resulted in sensorimotor deficits and accumulation of AD-related protein variant pathology near the impact site, both of which returned to sham levels by 14 DPI. Individual mice, however, showed persistent behavioral deficits and/or accumulation of selected toxic protein variants at 28 DPI. Behavioral outcomes of each mouse were correlated with levels of seven different protein variants in ten brain regions at specific DPI. Out of 21 significant correlations between protein variant levels and behavioral deficits, 18 were with variants of Aβ or tau. Correlations at 28 DPI were all between a single Aβ or tau variant, both of which are strongly associated with human AD cases. These data provide a direct mechanistic link between protein pathology resulting from TBI and the hallmarks of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jonathan Lifshitz
- University of Arizona College of Pharmacy: The University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix
| | - Rachel Rowe
- University of Colorado at Boulder: University of Colorado Boulder
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3
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Bernini A, Magnoni S, Miroz JP, Corredor-Jerez R, Bertolini G, Zetterberg H, Graham N, Sharp D, Oddo M, Dunet V. Cerebral Metabolic Dysfunction at the Acute Phase of Traumatic Brain Injury Correlates with Long-Term Tissue Loss. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:472-481. [PMID: 36193562 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Following traumatic brain injury (TBI), cerebral metabolic dysfunction, characterized by an elevated cerebral microdialysis (CMD) lactate/pyruvate (LP) ratio, is associated with poor outcome. However, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association are not entirely established. In this pre-planned analysis of the BIOmarkers of AXonal injury after Traumatic Brain Injury (BIO-AX-TBI) prospective study, we investigated any associations of LP ratio with brain structure volume change rates at 1 year. Fourteen subjects underwent acute-phase (0-96 h post-TBI) CMD monitoring and had longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) quantification of brain volume loss between the subacute phase (14 days to 6 weeks) and 1 year after TBI, recalculated as an annual rate. On average, CMD showed an elevated (>25) LP ratio (31 [interquartile range (IQR) 24-34]), indicating acute cerebral metabolic dysfunction. Annualized whole brain and total gray matter (GM) volume change rates were abnormally reduced (-3.2% [-9.3 to -2.2] and -1.9% [-4.4 to 1.7], respectively). Reduced annualized total GM volume correlated significantly with elevated CMD LP ratio (Spearman's ρ = -0.68, p-value = 0.01) and low CMD glucose (ρ = 0.66, p-value = 0.01). After adjusting for age, admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and CT Marshall score, CMD LP ratio remained strongly associated with 1-year total GM volume change rate (p < 0.001; multi-variable analysis). No relationship was found between WM volume changes and CMD metabolites. We demonstrate a strong association between acute post-traumatic cerebral metabolic dysfunction and 1-year gray matter atrophy, reinforcing the role of CMD LP ratio as an early biomarker of poor long-term recovery after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Bernini
- Neuroscience Critical Care Research Group, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) - Lausanne University Hospital and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Magnoni
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - John-Paul Miroz
- Neuroscience Critical Care Research Group, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) - Lausanne University Hospital and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ricardo Corredor-Jerez
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,LTS5, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guido Bertolini
- Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Neil Graham
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,UK DRI Centre for Care Research and Technology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Sharp
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,UK DRI Centre for Care Research and Technology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mauro Oddo
- Neuroscience Critical Care Research Group, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) - Lausanne University Hospital and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Medical Directorate for Research, Education and Innovation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Dunet
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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4
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Dodd WS, Panther EJ, Pierre K, Hernandez JS, Patel D, Lucke-Wold B. Traumatic Brain Injury and Secondary Neurodegenerative Disease. TRAUMA CARE 2022; 2:510-522. [PMID: 36211982 PMCID: PMC9541088 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare2040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a devastating event with severe long-term complications. TBI and its sequelae are one of the leading causes of death and disability in those under 50 years old. The full extent of secondary brain injury is still being intensely investigated; however, it is now clear that neurotrauma can incite chronic neurodegenerative processes. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Parkinson's disease, and many other neurodegenerative syndromes have all been associated with a history of traumatic brain injury. The complex nature of these pathologies can make clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment challenging. The goal of this review is to provide a concise appraisal of the literature with focus on emerging strategies to improve clinical outcomes. First, we review the pathways involved in the pathogenesis of neurotrauma-related neurodegeneration and discuss the clinical implications of this rapidly evolving field. Next, because clinical evaluation and neuroimaging are essential to the diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative diseases, we analyze the clinical investigations that are transforming these areas of research. Finally, we briefly review some of the preclinical therapies that have shown the most promise in improving outcomes after neurotrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S. Dodd
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Eric J. Panther
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kevin Pierre
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jairo S. Hernandez
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Devan Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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5
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Joyce JM, La PL, Walker R, Harris A. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of traumatic brain injury and subconcussive hits: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurotrauma 2022; 39:1455-1476. [PMID: 35838132 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive technique used to study metabolites in the brain. MRS findings in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subconcussive hit literature have been mixed. The most common observation is a decrease in N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), traditionally considered a marker of neuronal integrity. Other metabolites, however, such as creatine (Cr), choline (Cho), glutamate+glutamine (Glx) and myo-inositol (mI) have shown inconsistent changes in these populations. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize MRS literature in head injury and explore factors (brain region, injury severity, time since injury, demographic, technical imaging factors, etc.) that may contribute to differential findings. One hundred and thirty-eight studies met inclusion criteria for the systematic review and of those, 62 NAA, 24 Cr, 49 Cho, 18 Glx and 21 mI studies met inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. A random effects model was used for meta-analyses with brain region as a subgroup for each of the five metabolites studied. Meta-regression was used to examine the influence of potential moderators including injury severity, time since injury, age, sex, tissue composition and methodological factors. In this analysis of 1428 unique head-injured subjects and 1132 controls, the corpus callosum was identified as a brain region highly susceptible to metabolite alteration. NAA was consistently decreased in TBI of all severity, but not in subconcussive hits. Cho and mI were found to be increased in moderate-to-severe TBI but not mild TBI. Glx and Cr were largely unaffected, however did show alterations in certain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Michele Joyce
- University of Calgary, 2129, Radiology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, 157742, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, 157744, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Integrated Concussion Research Program, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;
| | - Parker L La
- University of Calgary, 2129, Radiology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, 157742, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, 157744, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Integrated Concussion Research Program, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;
| | - Robyn Walker
- University of Calgary, 2129, Radiology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, 157742, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, 157744, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Integrated Concussion Research Program, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;
| | - Ashley Harris
- University of Calgary, Radiology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, 157742, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, 157744, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Integrated Concussion Research Program, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;
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Moody JF, Aggarwal N, Dean DC, Tromp DPM, Kecskemeti SR, Oler JA, Kalin NH, Alexander AL. Longitudinal assessment of early-life white matter development with quantitative relaxometry in nonhuman primates. Neuroimage 2022; 251:118989. [PMID: 35151851 PMCID: PMC8940652 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in white matter (WM) development are associated with many neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Most MRI studies examining WM development employ diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which relies on estimating diffusion patterns of water molecules as a reflection of WM microstructure. Quantitative relaxometry, an alternative method for characterizing WM microstructural changes, is based on molecular interactions associated with the magnetic relaxation of protons. In a longitudinal study of 34 infant non-human primates (NHP) (Macaca mulatta) across the first year of life, we implement a novel, high-resolution, T1-weighted MPnRAGE sequence to examine WM trajectories of the longitudinal relaxation rate (qR1) in relation to DTI metrics and gestational age at scan. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess developmental WM trajectories in NHPs using quantitative relaxometry and the first to directly compare DTI and relaxometry metrics during infancy. We demonstrate that qR1 exhibits robust logarithmic growth, unfolding in a posterior-anterior and medial-lateral fashion, similar to DTI metrics. On a within-subject level, DTI metrics and qR1 are highly correlated, but are largely unrelated on a between-subject level. Unlike DTI metrics, gestational age at birth (time in utero) is a strong predictor of early postnatal qR1 levels. Whereas individual differences in DTI metrics are maintained across the first year of life, this is not the case for qR1. These results point to the similarities and differences in using quantitative relaxometry and DTI in developmental studies, providing a basis for future studies to characterize the unique processes that these measures reflect at the cellular and molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason F Moody
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, United States.
| | - Nakul Aggarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Boulevard, Madison, WI 53719, United States
| | - Douglas C Dean
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, United States; Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - Do P M Tromp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Boulevard, Madison, WI 53719, United States
| | - Steve R Kecskemeti
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - Jonathan A Oler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Boulevard, Madison, WI 53719, United States
| | - Ned H Kalin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Boulevard, Madison, WI 53719, United States
| | - Andrew L Alexander
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Boulevard, Madison, WI 53719, United States; Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, United States
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7
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Macruz FBDC, Feltrin FS, Zaninotto A, Guirado VMDP, Otaduy MCG, Tsunemi MH, Nucci MP, Rimkus C, Andrade CS, Leite CDC. Longitudinal assessment of magnetization transfer ratio, brain volume, and cognitive functions in diffuse axonal injury. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2490. [PMID: 35103410 PMCID: PMC8933768 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a frequent mechanism of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that triggers a sequence of parenchymal changes that progresses from focal axonal shear injuries up to inflammatory response and delayed axonal disconnection. OBJECTIVE The main purpose of this study is to evaluate changes in the axonal/myelinic content and the brain volume up to 12 months after TBI and to correlate these changes with neuropsychological results. METHODS Patients with DAI (n = 25) were scanned at three time points after trauma (2, 6, and 12 months), and the total brain volume (TBV), gray matter volume, and white matter volume (WMV) were calculated in each time point. The magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) for the total brain (TB MTR), gray matter (GM MTR), and white matter (WM MTR) was also quantified. In addition, Hopkins verbal learning test (HVLT), Trail Making Test (TMT), and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test were performed at 6 and 12 months after the trauma. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in the mean TBV, WMV, TB MTR, GM MTR, and WM MTR between time points 1 and 3 (p < .05). There was also a significant difference in HVLT-immediate, TMT-A, and TMT-B scores between time points 2 and 3. The MTR decline correlated more with the cognitive dysfunction than the volume reduction. CONCLUSION A progressive axonal/myelinic rarefaction and volume loss were characterized, especially in the white matter (WM) up to 1 year after the trauma. Despite that, specific neuropsychological tests revealed that patients' episodic verbal memory, attention, and executive function improved during the study. The current findings may be valuable in developing long-term TBI rehabilitation management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabrício Stewan Feltrin
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Zaninotto
- Neuropsychology Division, Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Miriam Harumi Tsunemi
- Department of Biostatistics, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Penteado Nucci
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Rimkus
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celi Santos Andrade
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia da Costa Leite
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil
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8
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Roy B, Woo MS, Vacas S, Eshaghian P, Rao AP, Kumar R. Regional brain tissue changes in patients with cystic fibrosis. J Transl Med 2021; 19:419. [PMID: 34627274 PMCID: PMC8502335 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03092-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients present with a variety of symptoms, including mood and cognition deficits, in addition to classical respiratory, and autonomic issues. This suggests that brain injury, which can be examined with non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is a manifestation of this condition. However, brain tissue integrity in sites that regulate cognitive, autonomic, respiratory, and mood functions in CF patients is unclear. Our aim was to assess regional brain changes using high-resolution T1-weighted images based gray matter (GM) density and T2-relaxometry procedures in CF over control subjects. METHODS We acquired high-resolution T1-weighted images and proton-density (PD) and T2-weighted images from 5 CF and 15 control subjects using a 3.0-Tesla MRI. High-resolution T1-weighted images were partitioned to GM-tissue type, normalized to a common space, and smoothed. Using PD- and T2-weighted images, whole-brain T2-relaxation maps were calculated, normalized, and smoothed. The smoothed GM-density and T2-relaxation maps were compared voxel-by-voxel between groups using analysis of covariance (covariates, age and sex; SPM12, p < 0.001). RESULTS Significantly increased GM-density, indicating tissues injury, emerged in multiple brain regions, including the cerebellum, hippocampus, amygdala, basal forebrain, insula, and frontal and prefrontal cortices. Various brain areas showed significantly reduced T2-relaxation values in CF subjects, indicating predominant acute tissue changes, in the cerebellum, cerebellar tonsil, prefrontal and frontal cortices, insula, and corpus callosum. CONCLUSIONS Cystic fibrosis subjects show predominant acute tissue changes in areas that control mood, cognition, respiratory, and autonomic functions and suggests that tissue changes may contribute to symptoms resulting from ongoing hypoxia accompanying the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaswati Roy
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Marlyn S Woo
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Susana Vacas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Patricia Eshaghian
- Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Adupa P Rao
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,The Brain Research Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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9
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T 1 and T 2 quantification using magnetic resonance fingerprinting in mild traumatic brain injury. Eur Radiol 2021; 32:1308-1319. [PMID: 34410458 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-08235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess whether MR fingerprinting (MRF)-based relaxation properties exhibit cross-sectional and prospective correlations with patient outcome and compare the results with those from DTI. METHODS Clinical imaging, MRF, and DTI were acquired in patients (24 ± 10 days after injury (timepoint 1) and 90 ± 17 days after injury (timepoint 2)) and once in controls. Patient outcome was assessed with global functioning, symptom profile, and neuropsychological testing. ADC and fractional anisotropy (FA) from DTI and T1 and T2 from MRF were compared in 12 gray and white matter regions with Mann-Whitney tests. Bivariate associations between MR measures and outcome were assessed using the Spearman correlation and logistic regression. RESULTS Data from 22 patients (38 ± 12 years; 17 women) and 18 controls (32 ± 8 years; 12 women) were analyzed. Fourteen patients (37 ± 12 years; 11 women) returned for timepoint 2, while two patients provided only timepoint 2 clinical outcome data. At timepoint 1, there were no differences between patients and controls in T1, T2, and ADC, while FA was lower in mTBI frontal white matter. T1 at timepoint 1 and the change in T1 exhibited more (n = 18) moderate to strong correlations (|r|= 0.6-0.85) with clinical outcome at timepoint 2 than T2 (n = 3), FA (n = 7), and ADC (n = 2). High T1 at timepoint 1, and serially increasing T1, accounted for five of the six MR measures with the highest utility for identification of non-recovered patients at timepoint 2 (AUC > 0.80). CONCLUSION T1 derived from MRF was found to have higher utility than T2, FA, and ADC for predicting 3-month outcome after mTBI. KEY POINTS • In a region-of-interest approach, FA, ADC, and T1 and T2 all showed limited utility in differentiating patients from controls at an average of 24 and 90 days post-mild traumatic brain injury. • T1 at 24 days, and the serial change in T1, revealed more and stronger predictive correlations with clinical outcome at 90 days than did T2, ADC, or FA. • T1 showed better prospective identification of non-recovered patients at 90 days than ADC, T2, and FA.
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10
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Bartnik-Olson BL, Alger JR, Babikian T, Harris AD, Holshouser B, Kirov II, Maudsley AA, Thompson PM, Dennis EL, Tate DF, Wilde EA, Lin A. The clinical utility of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in traumatic brain injury: recommendations from the ENIGMA MRS working group. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:504-525. [PMID: 32797399 PMCID: PMC7882010 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00330-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proton (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy provides a non-invasive and quantitative measure of brain metabolites. Traumatic brain injury impacts cerebral metabolism and a number of research groups have successfully used this technique as a biomarker of injury and/or outcome in both pediatric and adult TBI populations. However, this technique is underutilized, with studies being performed primarily at centers with access to MR research support. In this paper we present a technical introduction to the acquisition and analysis of in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy and review 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings in different injury populations. In addition, we propose a basic 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy data acquisition scheme (Supplemental Information) that can be added to any imaging protocol, regardless of clinical magnetic resonance platform. We outline a number of considerations for study design as a way of encouraging the use of 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the study of traumatic brain injury, as well as recommendations to improve data harmonization across groups already using this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffry R Alger
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- NeuroSpectroScopics LLC, Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Talin Babikian
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA Steve Tisch BrainSPORT Program, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ashley D Harris
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Child and Adolescent Imaging Research Program, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and the Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Barbara Holshouser
- Department of Radiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Ivan I Kirov
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew A Maudsley
- Department of Radiology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Radiology, Engineering, and Ophthalmology, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Emily L Dennis
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David F Tate
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Elisabeth A Wilde
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexander Lin
- Center for Clinical Spectroscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Srisaikaew P, Wongpakaran N, Anderson ND, Chen JJ, Kothan S, Varnado P, Unsrisong K, Mahakkanukrauh P. Fornix Integrity Is Differently Associated With Cognition in Healthy Aging and Non-amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study in Thai Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:594002. [PMID: 33343334 PMCID: PMC7745667 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.594002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage to the fornix leads to significant memory impairment and executive dysfunction and is associated with dementia risk. We sought to identify if fornix integrity and fiber length are disrupted in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and how they associate with cognition. Data from 14 healthy older adult controls (HCs) and 17 subjects with non-amnestic MCI (n-aMCI) were analyzed. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at 1.5 Tesla MRI was performed to enable manual tracing of the fornix and calculation of DTI parameters. Higher fractional anisotropy of body and column of the fornix was associated with better executive functioning and memory, more strongly in the HC than in the n-aMCI group. Fornix fiber tract length (FTL) was associated with better executive function, more strongly in the n-aMCI than in the HC group, and with better memory, more strongly in the HC than in the n-aMCI group. These results highlight a decline in the contributions of the fornix to cognition in n-aMCI and suggest that maintenance of fornix FTL is essential for sustaining executive functioning in people with n-aMCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharaporn Srisaikaew
- Ph.D. Program in Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nahathai Wongpakaran
- Geriatric Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nicole D. Anderson
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Science, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J. Jean Chen
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Science, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pairada Varnado
- Geriatric Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Unsrisong
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Excellence in Osteology Research and Training Center (ORTC), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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12
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Pedersen M, Makdissi M, Parker DM, Barbour T, Abbott DF, McCrory P, Jackson GD. Quantitative MRI as an imaging marker of concussion: evidence from studying repeated events. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:e53-e54. [PMID: 32498118 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Pedersen
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - M Makdissi
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Olympic Park Sports Medicine Centre, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - D M Parker
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - T Barbour
- Olympic Park Sports Medicine Centre, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - D F Abbott
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - P McCrory
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - G D Jackson
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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13
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Hall CM, Moeendarbary E, Sheridan GK. Mechanobiology of the brain in ageing and Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:3851-3878. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe M. Hall
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University College London London UK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences University of Brighton Brighton UK
| | - Emad Moeendarbary
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University College London London UK
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA
| | - Graham K. Sheridan
- School of Life Sciences Queens Medical Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
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14
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The Delayed Neuroprotective Effect of Methylene Blue in Experimental Rat Brain Trauma. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050377. [PMID: 32370131 PMCID: PMC7278725 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
After traumatic brain injury (TBI), an increase in dysfunction of the limbs contralateral to injury focus was observed. Using different behavioral tests, we found that a single intravenous injection of methylene blue (MB, 1 mg/kg) 30 min after the injury reduced the impairment of the motor functions of the limbs from 7 to 120 days after TBI. Administration of methylene blue 30 min after the injury and then monthly (six injections in total) was the most effective both in terms of preservation of limb function and duration of therapeutic action. This therapeutic effect was clearly manifested from the seventh day and continued until the end of the experiment-by the 180th day after TBI. MB is known to possess antioxidant properties; it has a protective effect against TBI by promoting autophagy and minimizing lesion volume in the first two weeks after TBI. Studies of the brains on the 180th day after TBI demonstrated that the monthly treatment of animals with MB statistically significantly prevented an increase in the density of microglial cells in the ipsilateral hemisphere and a decrease in the thickness of the corpus callosum in the contralateral hemisphere in comparison with untreated animals. However, on the 180th day after TBI, the magnetic resonance imaging scan of the animal brains did not show a significant reduction in the volume of the lesion in MB-treated animals. These findings are important for understanding the development of the long-term effects of TBI and expand the required therapeutic window for targeted neuroprotective interventions.
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15
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Di Giuliano F, Minosse S, Picchi E, Marfia GA, Da Ros V, Muto M, Muto M, Pistolese CA, Laghi A, Garaci F, Floris R. Comparison between synthetic and conventional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with multiple sclerosis and controls. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 33:549-557. [PMID: 31782035 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-019-00804-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (SyMRI) allows to obtain different weighted-images using the multiple-dynamic multiple-echo sequence lasting 6 min. The aim is to compare quantitatively and qualitatively synthetic- and conventional MRI in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and controls assessing the contrast (C), the signal to noise ratio (SNR), and the contrast to noise ratio (CNR). We evaluated the lesion count and lesion-to-white matter contrast ([Formula: see text] in the MS patients. METHODS AND METHODS 51 patients underwent synthetic- and conventional MRI. Qualitative analysis was evaluated by assigning scores to all synthetic- and conventional MRI sequences by two neuroradiologists. Lesions were counted in MS patients both in the conventional- and synthetic T2-FLAIR. Regions of interest were placed in the cerebrospinal fluid, in the white- and grey matter. For the sequences were evaluated: C, CNR, and SNR. RESULTS Synthetic T2-FLAIR images are qualitatively inferior. C and CNR were significantly higher in synthetic T1W and T2W images compared to conventional images, but not for T2-FLAIR. The SNR value was always lower in synthetic images than in conventional ones. CONCLUSIONS SyMRI can be used in clinical practice because it has a similar diagnostic accuracy which reduces the scanning time compared to the conventional one. However, synthetic T2-FLAIR images need to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Giuliano
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy.,U.O.C Diagnostic Imaging and Neuroradiology, Department of Integrated Care Processes, Fondazione PTV Policlinico "Tor Vergata", University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Minosse
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Eliseo Picchi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy.,U.O.C Diagnostic Imaging and Neuroradiology, Department of Integrated Care Processes, Fondazione PTV Policlinico "Tor Vergata", University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Girolama Alessandra Marfia
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Fondazione PTV Policlinico "Tor Vergata", University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Da Ros
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Muto
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Muto
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.R.N. Cardarelli, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Adriana Pistolese
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy.,U.O.C Diagnostic Imaging and Neuroradiology, Department of Integrated Care Processes, Fondazione PTV Policlinico "Tor Vergata", University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Laghi
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Radiology Unit, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Garaci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy.,U.O.C Diagnostic Imaging and Neuroradiology, Department of Integrated Care Processes, Fondazione PTV Policlinico "Tor Vergata", University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Floris
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy.,U.O.C Diagnostic Imaging and Neuroradiology, Department of Integrated Care Processes, Fondazione PTV Policlinico "Tor Vergata", University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
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16
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Williams SM, Peltz C, Yaffe K, Schulz P, Sierks MR. CNS disease-related protein variants as blood-based biomarkers in traumatic brain injury. Neurology 2019; 91:702-709. [PMID: 30297502 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000006322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To utilize a panel of 11 single chain variable fragments (scFvs) that selectively bind disease-related variants of TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP)-43, β-amyloid, tau, and α-synuclein to assess damage following traumatic brain injury (TBI), and determine if the presence of protein variants could account for the increased risk of various neurodegenerative diseases following TBI. METHODS We utilized the panel of 11 scFvs in a sensitive ELISA format to analyze sera from 43 older veterans, 25 who had experienced at least 1 TBI incident during their lifetime (∼29.4 years after TBI), and 18 controls who did not incur TBI, in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS Each of the 11 scFvs individually could significantly distinguish between TBI and control samples, though they did not detect each TBI sample. Comparing the levels of all 11 variants, all 25 TBI cases displayed higher reactivity compared to the controls and receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed 100% sensitivity and specificity. Higher total protein variants levels correlated with TBI severity and with loss of consciousness. Oligomeric tau levels distinguished between single and multiple TBI incidents. While all TBI cases were readily selected with the panel, the binding pattern varied from patient to patient, suggesting subgroups that are at increased risk for different neurodegenerative diseases. CONCLUSION The panel of protein variants-specific scFvs can be used to identify blood-based biomarkers indicative of TBI even 20 years or more after the initial TBI. Being able to identify subgroups of biomarker profiles allows for the possibility of individually targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Williams
- From the School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (S.M.W., P.S., M.R.S.), Arizona State University, Tempe; Northern California Institute for Research and Education (C.P.); San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center (C.P., K.Y.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Carrie Peltz
- From the School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (S.M.W., P.S., M.R.S.), Arizona State University, Tempe; Northern California Institute for Research and Education (C.P.); San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center (C.P., K.Y.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- From the School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (S.M.W., P.S., M.R.S.), Arizona State University, Tempe; Northern California Institute for Research and Education (C.P.); San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center (C.P., K.Y.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Philip Schulz
- From the School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (S.M.W., P.S., M.R.S.), Arizona State University, Tempe; Northern California Institute for Research and Education (C.P.); San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center (C.P., K.Y.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Michael R Sierks
- From the School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (S.M.W., P.S., M.R.S.), Arizona State University, Tempe; Northern California Institute for Research and Education (C.P.); San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center (C.P., K.Y.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y.), University of California, San Francisco.
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17
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Kang KM, Choi SH, Hwang M, Yoo RE, Yun TJ, Kim JH, Sohn CH. Application of Synthetic MRI for Direct Measurement of Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Time and Tumor Volume at Multiple Time Points after Contrast Administration: Preliminary Results in Patients with Brain Metastasis. Korean J Radiol 2018; 19:783-791. [PMID: 29962885 PMCID: PMC6005937 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2018.19.4.783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the time-dependent effects of contrast medium on multi-dynamic, multi-echo (MDME) sequence in patients with brain metastases. Materials and Methods This study included 7 patients with 15 brain metastases who underwent magnetic resonance (MR) examination which included MDME sequences at 1 minute, 10 minutes and 20 minutes after contrast injection. Two volumes of interests, covering an entire tumor (whole tumor) and the enhancing portion of the tumor, were derived from post-contrast synthetic T1-weighted images. Statistical comparisons were performed for three different time delays for histogram parameters of the longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) and the transverse relaxation rate (R2), and lesion volumes. Results The mean and the median of R1 and the mean of R2 in both the whole tumor and the inner enhancing portion were larger on the 10 minutes delayed images than on the 1 minute or 20 minutes delayed images (mean of R1 in the whole tumor on the 1 minute, 10 minutes, and 20 minutes delayed images: 1.26 ms, 1.39 ms, and 1.37 ms; mean of R1 in the inner enhancing portion: 1.43 ms, 1.53 ms and 1.44 ms; all p < 0.017). The volumes of the whole tumor and the inner enhancing portion were significantly larger in the 10 minutes and 20 minutes delayed images than on the 1 minute delayed images (all p < 0.017). Conclusion Magnetic resonance relaxation times and the volumes of the whole tumor and the inner enhancing portion were measured larger on the 10 minutes or 20 minutes delayed images than on the 1 minute delayed images. The MDME sequence immediately after contrast injection cannot fully reflect the effects of gadolinium-based contrast agent leakage in the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Seung Hong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Moonjung Hwang
- General Electronics (GE) Healthcare Korea, Seoul 06060, Korea
| | - Roh-Eul Yoo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Tae Jin Yun
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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18
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SyMRI of the Brain: Rapid Quantification of Relaxation Rates and Proton Density, With Synthetic MRI, Automatic Brain Segmentation, and Myelin Measurement. Invest Radiol 2018; 52:647-657. [PMID: 28257339 PMCID: PMC5596834 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Conventional magnetic resonance images are usually evaluated using the image signal contrast between tissues and not based on their absolute signal intensities. Quantification of tissue parameters, such as relaxation rates and proton density, would provide an absolute scale; however, these methods have mainly been performed in a research setting. The development of rapid quantification, with scan times in the order of 6 minutes for full head coverage, has provided the prerequisites for clinical use. The aim of this review article was to introduce a specific quantification method and synthesis of contrast-weighted images based on the acquired absolute values, and to present automatic segmentation of brain tissues and measurement of myelin based on the quantitative values, along with application of these techniques to various brain diseases. The entire technique is referred to as “SyMRI” in this review. SyMRI has shown promising results in previous studies when used for multiple sclerosis, brain metastases, Sturge-Weber syndrome, idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, meningitis, and postmortem imaging.
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19
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Boudabbous S, Neroladaki A, Bagetakos I, Hamard M, Delattre BM, Vargas MI. Feasibility of synthetic MRI in knee imaging in routine practice. Acta Radiol Open 2018; 7:2058460118769686. [PMID: 29780615 PMCID: PMC5952291 DOI: 10.1177/2058460118769686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Synthetic magnetic resonance (MR) is a method allowing reduction of examination time and access to quantitative imaging. Purpose This study sought to assess the image quality and diagnostic accuracy of synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to standard MRI in patients with knee pain. Material and Methods In total, 22 patients underwent standard 1.5 knee MRI with an added synthetic sequence. Quantitative T1, T2, and proton density (PD) images were generated synthetically; T1, PD, and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) weighted images were created with chosen echo time (TE), repetition time (TR), and inversion time (TI). Two blinded musculoskeletal radiologists evaluated the overall sequence quality, visualization of anatomic structures, and presence of artifacts using a 3-point score. Results The synthetic sequence was acquired in 39% less time than the conventional MRI. Synthetic PD, T1, and STIR images were rated fair (2%, 5%, and 2%, respectively) or good quality (98%, 95%, and 98%, respectively), despite the presence of popliteal artery artifacts. Cartilage and meniscus were well visualized in all cases. Anterior cruciate ligament visualization was rated poor in 7%, 14%, and 30% of PD, STIR, and T1 images, respectively. Conclusion Our pilot study confirmed the feasibility of synthetic MRI in knee examinations, proving faster and achieving appropriate quality and good diagnostic confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Boudabbous
- Department of Radiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Ilias Bagetakos
- Department of Radiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marion Hamard
- Department of Radiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Maria Isabel Vargas
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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20
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The delayed protective effect of GK-2, а dipeptide mimetic of Nerve Growth Factor, in a model of rat traumatic brain injury. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:148-153. [PMID: 29730416 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The delayed protective effect of GK-2, a dipeptide mimetic of Nerve Growth Factor, was investigated on the model of focal one-sided traumatic brain injury (TBI) of the sensorimotor cortex region on the 180th day after the injury. TBI caused a reliably disruption of the functions of the limbs contralateral to injury focus. The intraperitoneal administration of GK-2 (1 mg/kg) from 1st to 4th and from 7th to 10th days after TBI reduced the impairment of the motor functions of the limbs. This therapeutic effect significant manifested itself from the 7th day and continued until the end of the experiment - on the 180th day after TBI. Morphological studies of the animal brains on the 180th day after TBI demonstrated a decrease in the number of neurons in the V layer of the cerebral cortex and a decrease in the thickness of the corpus callosum. The treatment of animals with GK-2 after TBI statistically significant prevented a decrease in the density of neurons in the ipsilateral hemisphere and a decrease in the thickness of the corpus callosum in the contralateral hemisphere in comparison with untreated animals. Additionally, we showed in vitro that GK-2 exhibits neuroprotective properties under oxidative stress in primary hippocampal cultures. Our results demonstrate that the use of GK-2 at the early stages of development of traumatic brain damage can prevent such delayed damage as neuronal and axonal degeneration as well as reduce TBI-related disruptions of brain functions.
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21
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Alteration of putaminal fractional anisotropy in Parkinson's disease: a longitudinal diffusion kurtosis imaging study. Neuroradiology 2018; 60:247-254. [PMID: 29368035 PMCID: PMC5799343 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-017-1971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Purpose In Parkinson’s disease (PD), pathological microstructural changes occur that may be detected using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). However, there are few longitudinal studies that explore the effect of disease progression on diffusion indices. Methods We prospectively included 76 patients with PD and 38 healthy controls (HC), all of whom underwent diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) as part of the prospective Swedish BioFINDER study at baseline and 2 years later. Annualized rates of change in DKI parameters, including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and mean kurtosis (MK), were estimated in the gray matter (GM) by placing regions of interest (ROIs) in the basal ganglia and the thalamus, and in the white matter (WM) by tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis. Results When adjusting for potential confounding factors (age, gender, baseline-follow-up interval, and software upgrade of MRI scanner), only a decrease in FA in the putamen of PD patients (β = − 0.248, P < .01) over 2 years was significantly different from the changes observed in HC over the same time period. This 2-year decrease in FA in the putamen in PD correlated with higher l-dopa equivalent dose at baseline (Spearman’s rho = .399, P < .0001). Conclusion The study indicates that in PD microstructural changes in the putamen occur selectively over a 2-year period and can be detected with DKI. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00234-017-1971-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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22
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Volpe DSJ, Oliveira NCAC, Santos AC, Linhares MBM, Carlotti APCP. Neuropsychological outcome of children with traumatic brain injury and its association with late magnetic resonance imaging findings: A cohort study. Brain Inj 2017; 31:1689-1694. [PMID: 28872351 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2017.1358398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate neuropsychological outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its association with trauma severity and late magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. METHODS Prospective cohort study of patients with TBI admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit over 5 years. Trauma severity was determined by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), neurological outcome by King's Outcome Scale for Childhood Head Injury (KOSCHI) and neuropsychological outcome by Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fourth Edition. RESULTS Twenty-five children (median age 6 years at trauma) were included. Patients were divided into Disability (DIS)(n = 10) and Good Recovery (GR)(n = 15) groups. Initial GCS score was not significantly different in both groups (median 6 vs. 10; p = 0.34). DIS group had lower values of working memory index (WMI)(median 74 vs. 94; p = 0.004), perceptual reasoning index (PRI)(75 vs. 96; p = 0.03), verbal comprehension index (VCI)(65 vs. 84; p = 0.02), processing speed index (PSI)(74 vs. 97; p = 0.01) and full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ)(65 vs. 87; p = 0.008). In the GR group, 60% of patients had normal or minimally altered MRI versus 10% of patients in the DIS group (p = 0.018). Fractional anisotropy positively correlated with WMI(r = 0.65; p = 0.005), PRI(r = 0.52; p = 0.03) and FSIQ(r = 0.50; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Neuropsychological impairment was observed in 40% of children who suffered a TBI and was associated with late MRI abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele S J Volpe
- a Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Nátali C A C Oliveira
- b Division of Psychology, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - A Carlos Santos
- c Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Maria B M Linhares
- b Division of Psychology, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Ana P C P Carlotti
- a Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
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Li J, Zhao C, Rao JS, Yang FX, Wang ZJ, Lei JF, Yang ZY, Li XG. Structural and metabolic changes in the traumatically injured rat brain: high-resolution in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7 T. Neuroradiology 2017; 59:1203-1212. [PMID: 28856389 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-017-1915-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The understanding of microstructural and metabolic changes in the post-traumatic brain injury is the key to brain damage suppression and repair in clinics. METHODS Ten female Wistar rats were traumatically injured in the brain CA1 region and above the cortex. Next, diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) were used to analyze the microstructural and metabolic changes in the brain within the following 2 weeks. RESULTS Anisotropy fraction (FA) and axial diffusivity (AD) of the corpus callosum (CC) began to decrease significantly at day 1, whereas radial diffusivity (RD) significantly increased immediately after injury, reflecting the loss of white matter integrity. Compared with day 3, RD decreased significantly at day 7, implicating the angioedema reduction. In the hippocampus, FA significantly increased at day 7; the choline-containing compounds (Cho) and myo-inositol (MI) remarkably increased at day 7 compared with those at day 3, indicating the proliferation of astrocytes and radial glial cells after day 7. No significant differences between DTI and 1H MRS parameters were observed between day 1 and day 3. CONCLUSION Day 1-3 after traumatic brain injury (TBI) may serve as a relatively appropriate time window for treatment planning and the following nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Can Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Rao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhan-Jing Wang
- Medical Experiment and Test Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jian-Feng Lei
- Medical Experiment and Test Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Guang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China. .,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Tang S, Xu S, Fourney WL, Leiste UH, Proctor JL, Fiskum G, Gullapalli RP. Central Nervous System Changes Induced by Underbody Blast-Induced Hyperacceleration: An in Vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study. J Neurotrauma 2017; 34:1972-1980. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Tang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
- Core for Translational Research in Imaging at Maryland, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Su Xu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
- Core for Translational Research in Imaging at Maryland, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William L. Fourney
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
- Center of Energetics Concepts Development, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Ulrich H. Leiste
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
- Center of Energetics Concepts Development, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Julie L. Proctor
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
- Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gary Fiskum
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
- Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rao P. Gullapalli
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
- Core for Translational Research in Imaging at Maryland, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
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Jiang T, Xie L, Lou X, Li D, Chen Z, Xiao H, Ma L. T2 relaxation time measurements in the brains of scalded rats. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2017; 60:5-10. [PMID: 28078505 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-0382-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the T2 relaxation time of the brain in severely scalded rats using a magnetic resonance (MR) T2 mapping sequence, and to investigate the correlation between T2 relaxation time and plasma glucose level. Twenty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into the scalded group (n=21) and control group (n=7). Magnetic resonance scans were performed with T1WI, T2WI, and T2-mapping sequences in the scalded group; the scans were performed 1 day prior to scalding and 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post-scalding; in addition, identical MR scans were performed in the control group at the same time points. T2-maps were generated and T2 relaxation times were acquired from the following brain regions: the hippocampus, thalamus, caudate-putamen, and cerebrum. Pathological changes of the hippocampus were observed. The plasma glucose level of each rat was measured before each MR scan, and a correlation analysis was performed between T2 relaxation time and plasma glucose level. We found that conventional T1WI and T2WI did not reveal any abnormal signals or morphological changes in the hippocampus, thalamus, caudate-putamen, or cerebrum post-scalding. Both the T2 relaxation times of the selected brain regions and plasma glucose levels increased 1, 3, and 5 days post-scalding, and returned to normal levels 7 days post-scalding. The most marked increase of T2 relaxation time was found in the hippocampus; similar changes were also revealed in the thalamus, caudate-putamen, and cerebrum. No correlation was found between T2 relaxation time and plasma glucose level in scalded rats. Pathological observation of the hippocampus showed edema 1, 3, and 5 days post-scalding, with recovery to normal findings at 7 days post-scalding. Thus, we concluded that T2 mapping is a sensitive method for detecting and monitoring scald injury in the rat brain. As the hippocampus is the main region for modulating a stress reaction, it showed significantly increased water content along with an increased plasma glucose level post-scalding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Radiology, PLA 401 Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liqi Xie
- Department of Radiology, PLA 401 Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xin Lou
- Department of Radiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, PLA 304 Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zhiye Chen
- Department of Radiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Huafeng Xiao
- Department of Radiology, PLA 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Radiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Abstract
There is a paucity of accurate and reliable biomarkers to detect traumatic brain injury, grade its severity, and model post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) recovery. This gap could be addressed via advances in brain mapping which define injury signatures and enable tracking of post-injury trajectories at the individual level. Mapping of molecular and anatomical changes and of modifications in functional activation supports the conceptual paradigm of TBI as a disorder of large-scale neural connectivity. Imaging approaches with particular relevance are magnetic resonance techniques (diffusion weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, susceptibility weighted imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomographic methods including molecular neuroimaging). Inferences from mapping represent unique endophenotypes which have the potential to transform classification and treatment of patients with TBI. Limitations of these methods, as well as future research directions, are highlighted.
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Brain imaging with synthetic MR in children: clinical quality assessment. Neuroradiology 2016; 58:1017-1026. [PMID: 27438803 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-016-1723-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Synthetic magnetic resonance imaging is a quantitative imaging technique that measures inherent T1-relaxation, T2-relaxation, and proton density. These inherent tissue properties allow synthesis of various imaging sequences from a single acquisition. Clinical use of synthetic MR imaging has been described in adult populations. However, use of synthetic MR imaging has not been previously reported in children. The purpose of this study is to report our assessment of diagnostic image quality using synthetic MR imaging in children. METHODS Synthetic MR acquisition was obtained in a sample of children undergoing brain MR imaging. Image quality assessments were performed on conventional and synthetic T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and FLAIR images. Standardized linear measurements were performed on conventional and synthetic T2 images. Estimates of patient age based upon myelination patterns were also performed. RESULTS Conventional and synthetic MR images were evaluated on 30 children. Using a 4-point assessment scale, conventional imaging performed better than synthetic imaging for T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and FLAIR images. When the assessment was simplified to a dichotomized scale, the conventional and synthetic T1-weighted and T2-weighted images performed similarly. However, the superiority of conventional FLAIR images persisted in the dichotomized assessment. There were no statistically significant differences between linear measurements made on T2-weighted images. Estimates of patient age based upon pattern of myelination were also similar between conventional and synthetic techniques. CONCLUSION Synthetic MR imaging may be acceptable for clinical use in children. However, users should be aware of current limitations that could impact clinical utility in the software version used in this study.
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Advanced neuroimaging applied to veterans and service personnel with traumatic brain injury: state of the art and potential benefits. Brain Imaging Behav 2016; 9:367-402. [PMID: 26350144 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-015-9444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains one of the most prevalent forms of morbidity among Veterans and Service Members, particularly for those engaged in the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Neuroimaging has been considered a potentially useful diagnostic and prognostic tool across the spectrum of TBI generally, but may have particular importance in military populations where the diagnosis of mild TBI is particularly challenging, given the frequent lack of documentation on the nature of the injuries and mixed etiologies, and highly comorbid with other disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and substance misuse. Imaging has also been employed in attempts to understand better the potential late effects of trauma and to evaluate the effects of promising therapeutic interventions. This review surveys the use of structural and functional neuroimaging techniques utilized in military studies published to date, including the utilization of quantitative fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), volumetric analysis, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), magnetization transfer imaging (MTI), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetoencephalography (MEG), task-based and resting state functional MRI (fMRI), arterial spin labeling (ASL), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The importance of quality assurance testing in current and future research is also highlighted. Current challenges and limitations of each technique are outlined, and future directions are discussed.
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Hattingen E, Jurcoane A, Nelles M, Müller A, Nöth U, Mädler B, Mürtz P, Deichmann R, Schild HH. Quantitative MR Imaging of Brain Tissue and Brain Pathologies. Clin Neuroradiol 2015. [PMID: 26223371 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-015-0433-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of basic quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) parameters (e.g., relaxation times T1, T2*, T2 or respective rates R (1/T)) corrected for radiofrequency (RF) coil bias yields different conventional and new tissue contrasts as well as volumes for tissue segmentation. This approach also provides quantitative measures of microstructural and functional tissue changes. We herein demonstrate some prospects of quantitative MR imaging in neurological diagnostics and science.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hattingen
- Neuroradiologie, Radiologische Klinik des Universitätsklinikums Bonn, Sigmund Freud Strasse 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - A Jurcoane
- Neuroradiologie, Radiologische Klinik des Universitätsklinikums Bonn, Sigmund Freud Strasse 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Nelles
- Neuroradiologie, Radiologische Klinik des Universitätsklinikums Bonn, Sigmund Freud Strasse 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Müller
- Neuroradiologie, Radiologische Klinik des Universitätsklinikums Bonn, Sigmund Freud Strasse 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - U Nöth
- Brain Imaging Center, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - B Mädler
- Philips Medical Systems, Philips GmbH, Hamburg, Germany
| | - P Mürtz
- Neuroradiologie, Radiologische Klinik des Universitätsklinikums Bonn, Sigmund Freud Strasse 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - R Deichmann
- Brain Imaging Center, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - H H Schild
- Radiologische Klinik des Universitätsklinikums Bonn, Sigmund Freud Strasse 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
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Petrie EC, Cross DJ, Yarnykh VL, Richards T, Martin NM, Pagulayan K, Hoff D, Hart K, Mayer C, Tarabochia M, Raskind MA, Minoshima S, Peskind ER. Neuroimaging, behavioral, and psychological sequelae of repetitive combined blast/impact mild traumatic brain injury in Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans. J Neurotrauma 2014; 31:425-36. [PMID: 24102309 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2013.2952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Whether persisting cognitive complaints and postconcussive symptoms (PCS) reported by Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans with blast- and/or combined blast/impact-related mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) are associated with enduring structural and/or functional brain abnormalities versus comorbid depression or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains unclear. We sought to characterize relationships among these variables in a convenience sample of Iraq and Afghanistan-deployed veterans with (n=34) and without (n=18) a history of one or more combined blast/impact-related mTBIs. Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging of fractional anisotropy (FA) and macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) to assess brain white matter (WM) integrity; [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging of cerebral glucose metabolism (CMRglu); structured clinical assessments of blast exposure, psychiatric diagnoses, and PTSD symptoms; neurologic evaluations; and self-report scales of PCS, combat exposure, depression, sleep quality, and alcohol use. Veterans with versus without blast/impact-mTBIs exhibited reduced FA in the corpus callosum; reduced MPF values in subgyral, longitudinal, and cortical/subcortical WM tracts and gray matter (GM)/WM border regions (with a possible threshold effect beginning at 20 blast-mTBIs); reduced CMRglu in parietal, somatosensory, and visual cortices; and higher scores on measures of PCS, PTSD, combat exposure, depression, sleep disturbance, and alcohol use. Neuroimaging metrics did not differ between participants with versus without PTSD. Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with one or more blast-related mTBIs exhibit abnormalities of brain WM structural integrity and macromolecular organization and CMRglu that are not related to comorbid PTSD. These findings are congruent with recent neuropathological evidence of chronic brain injury in this cohort of veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Petrie
- 1 Veterans Affairs (VA) Northwest Network (VISN 20) Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) , VA Puget Sound, Seattle, Washington
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Longitudinal MR imaging study in the prediction of ischemic susceptibility after cerebral hypoperfusion in rats: Influence of aging and hypertension. Neuroscience 2014; 257:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Centrum Semiovale and Corpus Callosum Integrity in Relation to Information Processing Speed in Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2013; 28:433-41. [DOI: 10.1097/htr.0b013e3182585d06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation improves neurologic recovery and attenuates white matter injury after experimental traumatic brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2013; 33:1474-84. [PMID: 23801244 PMCID: PMC3764381 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids is a safe, economical mean of preventive medicine that has shown protection against several neurologic disorders. The present study tested the hypothesis that this method is protective against controlled cortical impact (CCI). Indeed, mice fed with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched diet for 2 months exhibited attenuated short and long-term behavioral deficits due to CCI. Although ω-3 PUFAs did not decrease cortical lesion volume, these fatty acids did protect against hippocampal neuronal loss after CCI and reduced pro-inflammatory response. Interestingly, ω-3 PUFAs prevented the loss of myelin basic protein (MPB), preserved the integrity of the myelin sheath, and maintained the nerve fiber conductivity in the CCI model. ω-3 PUFAs also directly protected oligodendrocyte cultures from excitotoxicity and blunted the microglial activation-induced death of oligodendrocytes in microglia/oligodendrocyte cocultures. In sum, ω-3 PUFAs elicit multifaceted protection against behavioral dysfunction, hippocampal neuronal loss, inflammation, and loss of myelination and impulse conductivity. The present report is the first demonstration that ω-3 PUFAs protect against white matter injury in vivo and in vitro. The protective impact of ω-3 PUFAs supports the clinical use of this dietary supplement as a prophylaxis against traumatic brain injury and other nervous system disorders.
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Neuroradiologic correlates of clinical disability and progression in the X-linked leukodystrophy Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease. J Neurol Sci 2013; 335:75-81. [PMID: 24139698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether quantitative measure of magnetic resonance imaging data from patients with the inherited leukodystrophy, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) correlates with clinical severity or progression. METHODS In our current work we have analyzed the clinical phenotypes and MRI scans of 51 male patients with PMD and 10 female carriers for whom the PLP1 genotype had been determined. In addition, we developed a 32-point functional disability scoring (FDS) system for PMD, and validated it for inter-rater reliability. Using conventional T1- and T2-weighted MRI images of the whole brain, we measured white matter and total brain volume (WMV and TBV), inter-caudate ratio (ICR), and corpus callosum area. RESULTS There was a significant positive correlation of FDS with white matter fraction (WMV/TBV) and corpus callosum area. Also, when applying a median split based on FDS, patients with lower FDS showed reduced white matter fraction and corpus callosum area, and increased ICR compared to patients with relatively higher FDS, regardless of age. CONCLUSION Although this patient population is heterogeneous, with multiple genetic and molecular mechanisms causing PMD, these data imply that white matter atrophy is a major pathological determinant of the clinical disability in most patients. Development of reliable non-invasive quantitative biomarkers of disease activity would be useful not only for following the natural history of the disease, but also raising the potential for evaluating future therapies.
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Kurki TJI, Laalo JP, Oksaranta OM. Diffusion tensor tractography of the uncinate fasciculus: pitfalls in quantitative analysis due to traumatic volume changes. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 38:46-53. [PMID: 23733545 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.23901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the sensitivity of quantitative diffusion tensor tractography to traumatic injury of the uncinate fasciculus (UF), and to evaluate the effect of volume changes on the accuracy of quantitative analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed at 3 T for 110 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 60 control subjects. Volume, mean diffusivity (MD), and mean fractional anisotropy (FA) of the UF were measured by means of tractography. The influence of FA threshold on mean FA values was determined and the values were further related to the tract volume. RESULTS In patients with TBI, 16% of the volumes and 29% of the FA values were decreased and 25% of the MD values were increased (>2 SD from the mean of controls). Small tracts (6% of trajectories) often had normal mean FA, but low volume-related FA values. Large UFs often had decreased mean FA values, but normal volume-related central values (3% of trajectories). CONCLUSION Posttraumatic FA and MD changes and volume reductions are common in the tractography of UF. Trauma-induced volume changes can cause misleading whole-tract mean FA values. Therefore, additional volume-based analysis of the central part is beneficial for clinical assessment.
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Ding GL, Chopp M, Poulsen DJ, Li L, Qu C, Li Q, Nejad-Davarani SP, Budaj JS, Wu H, Mahmood A, Jiang Q. MRI of neuronal recovery after low-dose methamphetamine treatment of traumatic brain injury in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61241. [PMID: 23637800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the effects of low dose methamphetamine treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats by employing MRI, immunohistology, and neurological functional tests. Young male Wistar rats were subjected to TBI using the controlled cortical impact model. The treated rats (n = 10) received an intravenous (iv) bolus dose of 0.42 mg/kg of methamphetamine at eight hours after the TBI followed by continuous iv infusion for 24 hrs. The control rats (n = 10) received the same volume of saline using the same protocol. MRI scans, including T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), were performed one day prior to TBI, and at 1 and 3 days post TBI, and then weekly for 6 weeks. The lesion volumes of TBI damaged cerebral tissue were demarcated by elevated values in T2 maps and were histologically identified by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The fractional anisotropy (FA) values within regions-of-interest (ROI) were measured in FA maps deduced from DTI, and were directly compared with Bielschowsky's silver and Luxol fast blue (BLFB) immunohistological staining. No therapeutic effect on lesion volumes was detected during 6 weeks after TBI. However, treatment significantly increased FA values in the recovery ROI compared with the control group at 5 and 6 weeks after TBI. Myelinated axons histologically measured using BLFB were significantly increased (p<0.001) in the treated group (25.84±1.41%) compared with the control group (17.05±2.95%). Significant correlations were detected between FA and BLFB measures in the recovery ROI (R = 0.54, p<0.02). Methamphetamine treatment significantly reduced modified neurological severity scores from 2 to 6 weeks (p<0.05) and foot-fault errors from 3 days to 6 weeks (p<0.05) after TBI. Thus, the FA data suggest that methamphetamine treatment improves white matter reorganization from 5 to 6 weeks after TBI in rats compared with saline treatment, which may contribute to the observed functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Liang Ding
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and long-term cognitive and behavioral dysfunction in children and young adults, yet effective treatments are lacking, in part because critical aspects of TBI neurobiology and natural history are not understood. We review recent advances in neuroimaging and discuss how they are helping to address these fundamental gaps. RECENT FINDINGS Novel imaging methods provide detailed information on how TBI affects anatomical integrity (diffusion tensor imaging; voxel-based morphometry; susceptibility-weighted imaging, magnetization transfer imaging), metabolic activity (magnetic resonance spectroscopy), perfusion (positron emission tomography, perfusion computed tomography, perfusion magnetic resonance), and patterns of functional activation (functional magnetic resonance imaging). Individually and collectively, these methods can significantly enhance TBI diagnosis and outcome prediction. SUMMARY Refinements in neuroimaging offer a window into the complex neuroanatomical and neurophysiological disturbances induced by TBI. Research is needed to understand how these alterations evolve with time and in response to therapeutic interventions.
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Blystad I, Warntjes JBM, Smedby O, Landtblom AM, Lundberg P, Larsson EM. Synthetic MRI of the brain in a clinical setting. Acta Radiol 2012; 53:1158-63. [PMID: 23024181 DOI: 10.1258/ar.2012.120195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has relatively long scan times for routine examinations, and the signal intensity of the images is related to the specific MR scanner settings. Due to scanner imperfections and automatic optimizations, it is impossible to compare images in terms of absolute image intensity. Synthetic MRI, a method to generate conventional images based on MR quantification, potentially both decreases examination time and enables quantitative measurements. PURPOSE To evaluate synthetic MRI of the brain in a clinical setting by assessment of the contrast, the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and the diagnostic quality compared with conventional MR images. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-two patients had synthetic imaging added to their clinical MR examination. In each patient, 12 regions of interest were placed in the brain images to measure contrast and CNR. Furthermore, general image quality, probable diagnosis, and lesion conspicuity were investigated. RESULTS Synthetic T1-weighted turbo spin echo and T2-weighted turbo spin echo images had higher contrast but also a higher level of noise, resulting in a similar CNR compared with conventional images. Synthetic T2-weighted FLAIR images had lower contrast and a higher level of noise, which led to a lower CNR. Synthetic images were generally assessed to be of inferior image quality, but agreed with the clinical diagnosis to the same extent as the conventional images. Lesion conspicuity was higher in the synthetic T1-weighted images, which also had a better agreement with the clinical diagnoses than the conventional T1-weighted images. CONCLUSION Synthetic MR can potentially shorten the MR examination time. Even though the image quality is perceived to be inferior, synthetic images agreed with the clinical diagnosis to the same extent as the conventional images in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Blystad
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, CMIV, Linköping University, Linköping
- Radiology, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Department of Radiology, UHL, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping
| | - JBM Warntjes
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, CMIV, Linköping University, Linköping
- Clinical Physiology, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Department of Clinical Physiology, UHL, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping
| | - O Smedby
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, CMIV, Linköping University, Linköping
- Radiology, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Department of Radiology, UHL, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping
| | - A-M Landtblom
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, CMIV, Linköping University, Linköping
- Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Division of Neurology, UHL, LiM, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping
| | - P Lundberg
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, CMIV, Linköping University, Linköping
- Radiation Physics, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Department of Radiation Physics, UHL, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping
| | - E-M Larsson
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, CMIV, Linköping University, Linköping
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science/Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Semenova NA, Akhadov TA, Petryaykin AV, Sidorin SS, Lukovenkov AV, Varfolomeev SD. Metabolic dysfunction and relationship in human frontoparietal cortex in severe traumatic brain injury: Single-voxel 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2012; 77:388-94. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297912040104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Hunter JV, Wilde EA, Tong KA, Holshouser BA. Emerging imaging tools for use with traumatic brain injury research. J Neurotrauma 2012; 29:654-71. [PMID: 21787167 PMCID: PMC3289847 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2011.1906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This article identifies emerging neuroimaging measures considered by the inter-agency Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Neuroimaging Workgroup. This article attempts to address some of the potential uses of more advanced forms of imaging in TBI as well as highlight some of the current considerations and unresolved challenges of using them. We summarize emerging elements likely to gain more widespread use in the coming years, because of 1) their utility in diagnosis, prognosis, and understanding the natural course of degeneration or recovery following TBI, and potential for evaluating treatment strategies; 2) the ability of many centers to acquire these data with scanners and equipment that are readily available in existing clinical and research settings; and 3) advances in software that provide more automated, readily available, and cost-effective analysis methods for large scale data image analysis. These include multi-slice CT, volumetric MRI analysis, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), magnetization transfer imaging (MTI), arterial spin tag labeling (ASL), functional MRI (fMRI), including resting state and connectivity MRI, MR spectroscopy (MRS), and hyperpolarization scanning. However, we also include brief introductions to other specialized forms of advanced imaging that currently do require specialized equipment, for example, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), encephalography (EEG), and magnetoencephalography (MEG)/magnetic source imaging (MSI). Finally, we identify some of the challenges that users of the emerging imaging CDEs may wish to consider, including quality control, performing multi-site and longitudinal imaging studies, and MR scanning in infants and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill V Hunter
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Xu S, Zhuo J, Racz J, Shi D, Roys S, Fiskum G, Gullapalli R. Early microstructural and metabolic changes following controlled cortical impact injury in rat: a magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy study. J Neurotrauma 2011; 28:2091-102. [PMID: 21761962 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2010.1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding tissue alterations at an early stage following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is critical for injury management and limiting severe consequences from secondary injury. We investigated the early microstructural and metabolic profiles using in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) at 2 and 4 h following a controlled cortical impact injury in the rat brain using a 7.0 Tesla animal MRI system and compared profiles to baseline. Significant decrease in mean diffusivity (MD) and increased fractional anisotropy (FA) was found near the impact site (hippocampus and bilateral thalamus; p<0.05) immediately following TBI, suggesting cytotoxic edema. Although the DTI parameters largely normalized on the contralateral side by 4 h, a large inter-individual variation was observed with a trend towards recovery of MD and FA in the ipsilateral hippocampus and a sustained elevation of FA in the ipsilateral thalamus (p<0.05). Significant reduction in metabolite to total creatine ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA, p=0.0002), glutamate (p=0.0006), myo-inositol (Ins, p=0.04), phosphocholine and glycerophosphocholine (PCh+GPC, p=0.03), and taurine (Tau, p=0.009) were observed ipsilateral to the injury as early as 2 h, while glutamine concentration increased marginally (p=0.07). These metabolic alterations remained sustained over 4 h after TBI. Significant reductions of Ins (p=0.024) and Tau (p=0.013) and marginal reduction of NAA (p=0.06) were also observed on the contralateral side at 4 h after TBI. Overall our findings suggest significant microstructural and metabolic alterations as early as 2 h following injury. The tendency towards normalization at 4 h from the DTI data and no further metabolic changes at 4 h from MRS suggest an optimal temporal window of about 3 h for interventions that might limit secondary damage to the brain. Results indicate that early assessment of TBI patients using DTI and MRS may provide valuable information on the available treatment window to limit secondary brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Xu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
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Li L, Jiang Q, Qu CS, Ding GL, Li QJ, Wang SY, Lee JH, Lu M, Mahmood A, Chopp M. Transplantation of marrow stromal cells restores cerebral blood flow and reduces cerebral atrophy in rats with traumatic brain injury: in vivo MRI study. J Neurotrauma 2011; 28:535-45. [PMID: 21275806 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2010.1619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy promotes brain remodeling and improves functional recovery after various central nervous system disorders, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). We tested the hypothesis that treatment of TBI with intravenous administration of human marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) provides therapeutic benefit in modifying hemodynamic and structural abnormalities, which are detectable by in vivo MRI. hMSCs were labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles. Male Wistar rats (300-350 g, n=18) subjected to controlled cortical impact TBI were intravenously injected with 1 mL of saline (n=9) or hMSCs in suspension (n=9, approximately 3 × 10(6) SPIO-labeled hMSCs) 5 days post-TBI. In vivo MRI measurements consisting of cerebral blood flow (CBF), T2-weighted imaging, and 3D gradient echo imaging were performed for all animals 2 days post-TBI and weekly for 6 weeks. Functional outcome was evaluated with modified neurological severity score and Morris water maze test. Cell engraftment was detected in vivo by 3D MRI and confirmed by double staining. Ventricle and lesion volumetric alterations were measured using T2 maps, and hemodynamic abnormality was tracked by MRI CBF measurements. Our data demonstrate that treatment with hMSCs following TBI diminishes hemodynamic abnormalities by early restoration and preservation of CBF in the brain regions adjacent to and remote from the impact site, and reduces generalized cerebral atrophy, all of which may contribute to the observed improvement of functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Li
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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Soria G, Aguilar E, Tudela R, Mullol J, Planas AM, Marin C. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging characterization of bilateral structural changes in experimental Parkinson’s disease: a T2 relaxometry study combined with longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging and manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the 6-. Eur J Neurosci 2011; 33:1551-60. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07639.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Singh P, Yan J, Hull R, Read S, O'Sullivan J, Henderson RD, Rose S, Greer JM, McCombe PA. Levels of phosphorylated axonal neurofilament subunit H (pNfH) are increased in acute ischemic stroke. J Neurol Sci 2011; 304:117-21. [PMID: 21349546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2011.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 12/29/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
For the study of stroke outcomes, there is the need for measurements of severity of stroke damage. Phosphorylated neurofilament heavy protein (pNfH) levels are elevated in axonal injury. We have measured levels of pNfH in stroke and correlated these levels with measures of stroke severity. Blood samples were collected from 54 ischaemic stroke patients at day 1, week 1 (days 7-10) and weeks 3-6, and an ELISA was used to measure pNfH levels in each patient at each time-point. Serum pNfH levels were significantly elevated in stroke patients compared to healthy controls. The levels were low at day 1, higher at day 7 and reached a peak at week 3, the latest day that we assessed. Significant associations were found between the pNfH levels at week 3 and early and stroke severity, size and outcome. Blood pNfH levels that reflect the severity of ischaemic stroke, are correlated with outcome and rise during the weeks after stroke. This may be a useful measure of tissue damage in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Singh
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Australia
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45
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Gasparetto EL, Rueda Lopes FC, Domingues RC, Domingues RC. Diffusion Imaging in Traumatic Brain Injury. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2011; 21:115-25, viii. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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46
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Närväinen J, Hubbard PL, Kauppinen RA, Morris GA. Z-spectroscopy with Alternating-Phase Irradiation. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2010; 207:242-250. [PMID: 20920868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Magnetization transfer (MT) MRI and Z-spectroscopy are tools to study both water-macromolecule interactions and pH-sensitive exchange dynamics between water and the protons of mobile chemical groups within these macromolecules. Both rely on saturation of frequencies offset from water and observation of the on-resonance water signal. In this work, an RF saturation method called Z-spectroscopy with Alternating-Phase Irradiation (ZAPI) is introduced. Based on the T(2)-selectivity of the irradiation pulse, ZAPI can be used to separate the different contributions to a Z-spectrum, as well as to study the T(2) distribution of the macromolecules contributing to the MT signal. ZAPI can be run at resonance for water and with low power, thus minimizing problems with specific absorption rate (SAR) limits in clinical applications. In this paper, physical and practical aspects of ZAPI are discussed and the sequence is applied in vitro to sample systems and in vivo to rat head to demonstrate the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Närväinen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
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Kumar R, Delshad S, Macey PM, Woo MA, Harper RM. Development of T2-relaxation values in regional brain sites during adolescence. Magn Reson Imaging 2010; 29:185-93. [PMID: 20933351 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Revised: 08/14/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Brain tissue changes accompany multiple neurodegenerative and developmental conditions in adolescents. Complex processes that occur in the developing brain with disease can be evaluated accurately only against normal aging processes. Normal developmental changes in different brain areas alter tissue water content, which can be assessed by magnetic resonance (MR) T2 relaxometry. We acquired proton-density (PD) and T2-weighted images from 31 subjects (mean age±S.D., 17.4±4.9 years; 18 male), using a 3.0-T MR imaging scanner. Voxel-by-voxel T2-relaxation values were calculated, and whole-brain T2-relaxation maps constructed and normalized to a common space template. We created a set of regions of interest (ROIs) over cortical gray and white matter, basal ganglia, amygdala, thalamic, hypothalamic, pontine and cerebellar sites, with sizes of ROIs varying from 12 to 243 mm(3); regional T2-relaxation values were determined from these ROIs and normalized T2-relaxation maps. Correlations between R2 (1/T2) values in these sites and age were assessed with Pearson's correlation procedures, and gender differences in regional T2-relaxation values were evaluated with independent-samples t tests. Several brain regions, but not all, showed principally positive correlations between R2 values and age; negative correlations emerged in the cerebellar peduncles. No significant differences in T2-relaxation values emerged between males and females for those areas, except for the mid pons and left occipital white matter; males showed higher T2-relaxation values over females. The findings indicate that T2-relaxation values vary with development between brain structures, and emphasize the need to correct for such age-related effects during any determination of potential changes from control values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1763, USA
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48
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Proceedings of the British Neurosurgical Research Group annual meeting held in Winchester, March 2010 hosted by Southampton. Br J Neurosurg 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/02688697.2010.483954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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49
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Koenigkam-Santos M, de Castro M, Versiani BR, Diniz PRB, Santos AC. Kallmann syndrome and mirror movements: White matter quantitative evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging. J Neurol Sci 2010; 292:40-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2010.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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50
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