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Meier-Stephenson V, Drebot MA, Dimitrova K, DiQuinzio M, Fonseca K, Forrest D, Hatchette T, Morshed M, Patriquin G, Poliquin G, Saxinger L, Serhir B, Tellier R, Therrien C, Vrbova L, Wood H. Case Series of Jamestown Canyon Virus Infections with Neurologic Outcomes, Canada, 2011-2016. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:874-881. [PMID: 38666581 PMCID: PMC11060468 DOI: 10.3201/eid3005.221258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is a mosquitoborne orthobunyavirus in the California serogroup that circulates throughout Canada and the United States. Most JCV exposures result in asymptomatic infection or a mild febrile illness, but JCV can also cause neurologic diseases, such as meningitis and encephalitis. We describe a case series of confirmed JCV-mediated neuroinvasive disease among persons from the provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Quebec, and Nova Scotia, Canada, during 2011-2016. We highlight the case definitions, epidemiology, unique features and clinical manifestations, disease seasonality, and outcomes for those cases. Two of the patients (from Quebec and Nova Scotia) might have acquired JCV infections during travel to the northeastern region of the United States. This case series collectively demonstrates JCV's wide distribution and indicates the need for increased awareness of JCV as the underlying cause of meningitis/meningoencephalitis during mosquito season.
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Bergevin MD, Ng V, Sadeghieh T, Menzies P, Ludwig A, Mubareka S, Clow KM. A Scoping Review on the Epidemiology of Orthobunyaviruses in Canada, in the Context of Human, Wildlife, and Domestic Animal Host Species. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024; 24:249-264. [PMID: 38206763 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Mosquito-borne orthobunyaviruses in Canada are a growing public health concern. Orthobunyaviral diseases are commonly underdiagnosed and in Canada, likely underreported as surveillance is passive. No vaccines or specific treatments exist for these disease agents. Further, climate change is facilitating habitat expansion for relevant reservoirs and vectors, and it is likely that the majority of the Canadian population is susceptible to these viruses. Methods: A scoping review was conducted to describe the current state of knowledge on orthobunyavirus epidemiology in Canada. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guideline was used. Literature searches were conducted in six databases and in gray literature. The epidemiology of orthobunyaviruses was characterized for studies focusing on host species, including spatiotemporal patterns, risk factors, and climate change impact. Results: A total of 172 relevant studies were identified from 1734 citations from which 95 addressed host species, including humans, wildlife, and domestic animals including livestock. The orthobunyaviruses-Cache Valley virus (CVV), Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV), Snowshoe Hare virus (SHV), and La Crosse virus (LACV)-were identified, and prevalence was widespread across vertebrate species. CVV, JCV, and SHV were detected across Canada and the United States. LACV was reported only in the United States, predominantly the Mid-Atlantic and Appalachian regions. Disease varied by orthobunyavirus and was associated with age, environment, preexisting compromised immune systems, or livestock breeding schedule. Conclusion: Knowledge gaps included seroprevalence data in Canada, risk factor analyses, particularly for livestock, and disease projections in the context of climate change. Additional surveillance and mitigation strategies, especially accounting for climate change, are needed to guide future public health efforts to prevent orthobunyavirus exposure and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele D Bergevin
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria Ng
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- National Microbiology Laboratory Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara Sadeghieh
- Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paula Menzies
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Antoinette Ludwig
- National Microbiology Laboratory Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, St. Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Samira Mubareka
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katie M Clow
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Ngo KA, Maffei JG, Koetzner CA, Zink SD, Payne AF, Backenson PB, White JL, Dupuis AP, Kramer LD, Ciota AT. Surveillance and Genetic Analysis of Jamestown Canyon Virus in New York State: 2001-2022. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 109:1329-1332. [PMID: 37972332 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) (Peribunyavirdae; Orthobunyavirus) is a mosquito-borne pathogen endemic to North America. The genome is composed of three segmented negative-sense RNA fragments designated as small, medium, and large. Jamestown Canyon virus is an emerging threat to public health, and infection in humans can cause severe neurological diseases, including encephalitis and meningitis. We report JCV mosquito surveillance data from 2001 to 2022 in New York state. Jamestown Canyon virus was detected in 12 mosquito species, with the greatest prevalence in Aedes canadensis and Anopheles punctipennis. Detection fluctuated annually, with the highest levels recorded in 2020. Overall, JCV infection rates were significantly greater from 2012 to 2022 compared with 2001 to 2011. Full-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were also performed with representative JCV isolates collected from 2003 to 2022. These data demonstrated the circulation of numerous genetic variants, broad geographic separation, and the first identification of lineage B JCV in New York state in 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiet A Ngo
- New York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, New York
| | - Joseph G Maffei
- New York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, New York
| | - Cheri A Koetzner
- New York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, New York
| | - Steven D Zink
- New York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, New York
| | - Anne F Payne
- New York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, New York
| | - P Bryon Backenson
- New York State Department of Health, Bureau of Communicable Disease Control, Albany, New York
| | - Jennifer L White
- New York State Department of Health, Bureau of Communicable Disease Control, Albany, New York
| | - Alan P Dupuis
- New York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, New York
| | - Laura D Kramer
- New York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, New York
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Alexander T Ciota
- New York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, New York
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Rensselaer, New York
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Powers JA, Boroughs KL, Mikula S, Goodman CH, Davis EH, Thrasher EM, Hughes HR, Biggerstaff BJ, Calvert AE. Characterization of a monoclonal antibody specific to California serogroup orthobunyaviruses and development as a chimeric immunoglobulin M-positive control in human diagnostics. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0196623. [PMID: 37668403 PMCID: PMC10581219 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01966-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
California serogroup viruses (CSGVs) of medical importance in the United States include La Crosse virus, Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV), California encephalitis virus, and snowshoe hare virus. Current diagnosis of CSGVs relies heavily on serologic techniques for detecting immunoglobulin M (IgM), an indication of a recent CSGV infection. However, human-positive control sera reactive to viruses in the serogroup are scarce because detection of recent infections is rare. Here, we describe the development of new murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reactive to CSGVs and the engineering of a human-murine chimeric antibody by combining the variable regions of the broadly CSGV cross-reactive murine MAb, 3-3B6/2-3B2 and the constant region of the human IgM. MAb 3-3B6/2-3B2 recognizes a tertiary epitope on the Gn/Gc heterodimer, and epitopes important in JCV neutralization were mapped to the Gc glycoprotein. This engineered human IgM constitutively expressed in a HEK-293 stable cell line can replace human-positive control sera in diagnostic serological techniques such as IgM antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA). Compared to the parent murine MAbs, the human-chimeric IgM antibody had identical serological activity to CSGVs in ELISA and demonstrated equivalent reactivity compared to human immune sera in the MAC-ELISA.IMPORTANCEOrthobunyaviruses in the California serogroup cause severe neurological disease in children and adults. While these viruses are known to circulate widely in North America, their occurrence is rare. Serological testing for CSGVs is hindered by the limited availability and volumes of human-positive specimens needed as controls in serologic assays. Here, we described the development of a murine monoclonal antibody cross-reactive to CSGVs engineered to contain the variable regions of the murine antibody on the backbone of human IgM. The chimeric IgM produced from the stably expressing HEK293 cell line was evaluated for use as a surrogate human-positive control in a serologic diagnostic test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A. Powers
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Karen L. Boroughs
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Sierra Mikula
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Christin H. Goodman
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily H. Davis
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Elisa M. Thrasher
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Holly R. Hughes
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Brad J. Biggerstaff
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Amanda E. Calvert
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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Dieme C, Kramer LD, Ciota AT. Vector competence of Anopheles quadrimaculatus and Aedes albopictus for genetically distinct Jamestown Canyon virus strains circulating in the Northeast United States. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:226. [PMID: 35739573 PMCID: PMC9229909 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05342-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV; Peribunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus) is a mosquito-borne pathogen belonging to the California serogroup. The virus is endemic in North America and increasingly recognized as a public health concern. In this study, we determined the vector competence of Anopheles (An.) quadrimaculatus and Aedes (Ae.) albopictus for five JCV strains belonging to the two lineages circulating in the Northeast. METHODS An. quadrimaculatus and Ae. albopictus were fed blood meals containing two lineage A strains and three lineage B strains. Vector competence of both mosquito species was evaluated at 7- and 14-days post-feeding (dpf) by testing for virus presence in bodies, legs, and saliva. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that Ae. albopictus mosquitoes are a competent vector for both lineages, with similar transmission levels for all strains tested. Variable levels of infection (46-83%) and dissemination (17-38%) were measured in An. quadrimaculatus, yet no transmission was detected for the five JCV strains evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that establishment of Ae. albopictus in the Northeast could increase the risk of JCV but suggest An. quadrimaculatus are not a competent vector for JCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constentin Dieme
- Institut Pasteur de Guinée, Conakry, Guinea. .,Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Slingerlands, NY, USA.
| | - Laura D Kramer
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Slingerlands, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Alexander T Ciota
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Slingerlands, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
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Mincer J, Materniak S, Dimitrova K, Wood H, Iranpour M, Dibernardo A, Loomer C, Drebot MA, Lindsay LR, Webster D. Jamestown Canyon and snowshoe hare virus seroprevalence in New Brunswick. JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE CANADA = JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE L'ASSOCIATION POUR LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE ET L'INFECTIOLOGIE CANADA 2021; 6:213-220. [PMID: 36337757 PMCID: PMC9615463 DOI: 10.3138/jammi-2021-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) and snowshoe hare virus (SSHV) are wide-ranging mosquito-borne arboviruses in the California serogroup viruses (CSGV) that are known to circulate in New Brunswick. Despite potential for debilitating central nervous system manifestations, the prevalence of human exposure to these viruses in New Brunswick is unknown. The goal of this study was to quantify rates of human exposure in New Brunswick to these neglected arboviruses. METHODS A retrospective, anonymized provincial serosurvey was performed using a stratified random sample of residual sera submitted between May 2015 and August 2016. To determine the seroprevalence of JCV and SSHV, competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-positive samples were confirmed positive using plaque-reduction neutralization testing (PRNT). RESULTS A total of 452 serum samples were screened. The seroprevalence of antibodies against CSGV was estimated to be 31.6% (95% CI 27.4% to 36.1%) with 143 positive samples. PRNT results indicated that most single virus exposures were due to JCV (38 of 143; 26.6%) rather than SSHV (3 of 143; 2.1%). The species of CSGV, to which the remaining 102 seropositive people were exposed, could not be precisely determined. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of human exposure to CSGV is high but comparable to rates observed in other Atlantic Canadian jurisdictions. Studies such as this provide important baseline epidemiological data regarding the risk of exposure to these neglected arboviruses. SSHV and JCV should be considered in the differential diagnosis for undiagnosed febrile and neuroinvasive illness during mosquito season, particularly when testing for common aetiologies is negative or inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Mincer
- Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Dalhousie University, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | | | - Kristina Dimitrova
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Heidi Wood
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Mahmood Iranpour
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Antonia Dibernardo
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Courtney Loomer
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Michael A Drebot
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - L Robbin Lindsay
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Duncan Webster
- Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Dalhousie University, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
- Horizon Health Network, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
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7
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Evans AB, Peterson KE. Cross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16424. [PMID: 34385513 PMCID: PMC8361150 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95757-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The California Serogroup (CSG) of Orthobunyaviruses comprises several viruses capable of causing neuroinvasive disease in humans, including La Crosse (LACV), Snowshoe Hare (SSHV), Tahyna (TAHV), Jamestown Canyon (JCV), and Inkoo (INKV) viruses. Diagnosis of specific CSG viruses is complicated by the high degree of antibody cross-reactivity between them, with laboratory standards requiring a fourfold higher titer of neutralizating antibody (NAb) activity to positively identify the etiologic virus. To help elucidate NAb relationships between neuroinvasive CSG viruses, we directly compared the cross-reactivity of NAb between LACV, SSHV, TAHV, JCV, and INKV. Mice were inoculated with individual viruses and the NAb activity of plasma samples was compared by plaque reduction neutralization tests against all five viruses. Overall, the results from these studies show that the CSG viruses induced high levels of NAb against the inoculum virus, and differing amounts of cross-reactive NAb against heterologous viruses. LACV, SSHV, and INKV elicited the highest amount of cross-reactive NAb. Interestingly, a fourfold difference in NAb titer between the inoculum virus and the other CSG viruses was not always observed. Thus, NAb titers, which are the gold-standard for diagnosing the etiologic agent for viral encephalitis, may not clearly differentiate between different CSG viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa B Evans
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Karin E Peterson
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA.
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Modeling host-feeding preference and molecular systematics of mosquitoes in different ecological niches in Canada. Acta Trop 2021; 213:105734. [PMID: 33159902 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Several mosquito-borne viruses (mobovirus) cause infections in Canada. Ecological data on mosquito species and host range in Canada remains elusive. The main aim of the current study is to determine the host range and molecular systematics of mosquito species in Canada. Mosquitoes were collected using BG-Sentinel traps and aspirators at 10 trapping sites in Canada during 2018 and 2019. Mosquitoes collected were identified via morphology and molecular techniques. Mosquito sequences were aligned by MUSCLE algorithm and evolutionary systematics were drawn using MEGA and SDT software. Moreover, the source of blood meals was identified using a DNA barcoding technique. A total of 5,708 female mosquitoes over 34 different taxa were collected. DNA barcodes and evolutionary tree analysis confirmed the identification of mosquito species in Canada. Of the total collected samples, 201 specimens were blood-fed female mosquitoes in 20 different taxa. Four mosquito species represented about half (51.47%) of all collected blood-fed specimens: Aede cinereus (39 specimens, 19.11%), Aedes triseriatus (23, 11.27%), Culex pipiens (22, 10.78%), and Anopheles punctipennis (21, 10.29%). The most common blood meal sources were humans (49 mosquito specimens, 24% of all blood-fed mosquito specimen), pigs (44, 21.5%), American red squirrels (28, 13.7%), white-tailed deers (28, 13.7%), and American crows (16, 7.8%). Here, we present the first analysis of the host-feeding preference of different mosquito species in Canada via molecular techniques. Our results on mosquito distribution and behavior will aid in the development of effective mitigation and control strategies to prevent or reduce human/animal health issues in regards to moboviruses.
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Clé M, Eldin P, Briant L, Lannuzel A, Simonin Y, Van de Perre P, Cabié A, Salinas S. Neurocognitive impacts of arbovirus infections. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:233. [PMID: 32778106 PMCID: PMC7418199 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01904-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viruses or arbovirus, are most commonly associated with acute infections, resulting on various symptoms ranging from mild fever to more severe disorders such as hemorrhagic fever. Moreover, some arboviral infections can be associated with important neuroinflammation that can trigger neurological disorders including encephalitis, paralysis, ophthalmological impairments, or developmental defects, which in some cases, can lead to long-term defects of the central nervous system (CNS). This is well illustrated in Zika virus-associated congenital brain malformations but also in West Nile virus-induced synaptic dysfunctions that can last well beyond infection and lead to cognitive deficits. Here, we summarize clinical and mechanistic data reporting on cognitive disturbances triggered by arboviral infections, which may highlight growing public health issues spanning the five continents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Clé
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Eldin
- Institute of Research in Infectiology of Montpellier, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Briant
- Institute of Research in Infectiology of Montpellier, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Annie Lannuzel
- Neurology Unit, INSERM CIC 1424, Guadeloupe University Hospital, Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
- INSERM U1127, CNRS, UMR7225, Brain and Spine Institute, Sorbonne University Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Simonin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - André Cabié
- INSERM CIC 1424, Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine Unit, Martinique University Hospital, Université des Antilles EA4537, Martinique, France.
| | - Sara Salinas
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France.
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10
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Eastwood G, Donnellycolt AK, Shepard JJ, Misencik MJ, Bedoukian R, Cole L, Armstrong PM, Andreadis TG. Evaluation of Novel Trapping Lures for Monitoring Exotic and Native Container-Inhabiting Aedes spp. (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:534-541. [PMID: 31875224 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surveillance for diurnal container-inhabiting mosquitoes such as Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Aedes japonicus japonicus (Theobald), and Aedes triseriatus (Say) have routinely relied on the deployment of multiple trap types, including CO2-baited light traps, gravid traps, oviposition traps, and BG-Sentinel. These trap configurations have met with varying degrees of effectiveness and in many instances likely under-sample these key mosquito vectors. Most recently, the BG-Sentinel trap used in conjunction with the human-scent lure has been largely accepted as the gold-standard for monitoring Ae. albopictus. However, its ability to attract other container-inhabiting Aedes species has not been fully evaluated. During 2018, we tested new scent lures, TrapTech Lure-A and Lure-H (Bedoukian Research, Inc.), using BG-Sentinel traps with CO2 in two regions of Connecticut, Stamford and Hamden, against the BG-Lure. Pooled mosquitoes were additionally screened for arbovirus infection. A total of 47,734 mosquitoes representing 8 genera and 32 species were captured during the study, with the Stamford site deriving on average three times as many mosquitoes per trap, adjusting for sampling effort. Lure-A and Lure-H outperformed the BG-Lure in terms of total numbers, diversity evenness, and the proportion of both Ae. j. japonicus and Ae. triseriatus. There were no significant differences among lures in capturing Ae. albopictus, and in terms of species richness. Fifty-seven isolates of virus (West Nile, Jamestown Canyon, and La Crosse viruses) were obtained during the study, with no significant difference between trap-lure. We highlight both novel lures as effective attractants for use in mosquito surveillance=, which either outperform, or equal, BG-Lure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Eastwood
- Center for Vector Biology & Zoonotic Diseases, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT
| | - Andrew K Donnellycolt
- Center for Vector Biology & Zoonotic Diseases, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT
| | - John J Shepard
- Center for Vector Biology & Zoonotic Diseases, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael J Misencik
- Center for Vector Biology & Zoonotic Diseases, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT
| | | | | | - Philip M Armstrong
- Center for Vector Biology & Zoonotic Diseases, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT
| | - Theodore G Andreadis
- Center for Vector Biology & Zoonotic Diseases, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT
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11
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Throw out the Map: Neuropathogenesis of the Globally Expanding California Serogroup of Orthobunyaviruses. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090794. [PMID: 31470541 PMCID: PMC6784171 DOI: 10.3390/v11090794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The California serogroup (CSG) comprises 18 serologically and genetically related mosquito-borne orthobunyaviruses. Of these viruses, at least seven have been shown to cause neurological disease in humans, including the leading cause of pediatric arboviral encephalitis in the USA, La Crosse virus. Despite the disease burden from these viruses, much is still unknown about the CSG viruses. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the CSG viruses, including human disease and the mechanisms of neuropathogenesis.
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12
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Ludwig A, Zheng H, Vrbova L, Drebot MA, Iranpour M, Lindsay LR. Increased risk of endemic mosquito-borne diseases in Canada due to climate change. CANADA COMMUNICABLE DISEASE REPORT = RELEVE DES MALADIES TRANSMISSIBLES AU CANADA 2019; 45:91-97. [PMID: 31285698 PMCID: PMC6587694 DOI: 10.14745/ccdr.v45i04a03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
There are currently over 80 species of mosquito endemic in Canada-although only a few of these carry pathogens that can cause disease in humans. West Nile virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus and the California serogroup viruses (including the Jamestown Canyon and snowshoe hare viruses) are mosquito-borne viruses that have been found to cause human infections in North America, including in Canada. Over the last 20 years, the incidence of most of these endemic mosquito-borne diseases (MBD) has increased approximately 10% in Canada, due in large part to climate change. It is anticipated that both the mosquito lifecycle and virus transmission patterns will be affected by climate change, resulting in an increase in both the range and local abundance of several important mosquito species. Laboratory studies and mathematical modelling suggest that increased ambient temperatures, changes in precipitation and extreme weather events associated with climate change will likely continue to drive mosquito vector and MBD range expansion, increasing the duration of transmission seasons and leading to MBD-related epidemics. Furthermore, Canada's endemic MBDs have complex transmission cycles, involving multiple reservoir hosts (birds and mammals), multiple pathogens and multiple mosquito species-all of which may be sensitive to climate and other environmental changes, and making forecasting of potential emerging trends difficult. These expected climate-induced changes in mosquitoes and MBDs underline the need for continued (and expanded) surveillance and research to ensure timely and accurate evaluation of the risks to the public health of Canadians.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ludwig
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, St. Hyacinthe, QC
| | - H Zheng
- Center for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON
| | - L Vrbova
- Center for Food-borne and Environmental & Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON
| | - MA Drebot
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MN
| | - M Iranpour
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MN
| | - LR Lindsay
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MN
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13
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Cho JJ, Wong JK, Henkel J, DeJesus RO, Nazario-Lopez B. Acute Seroconversion of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Coinfection With California Serogroup Encephalitis Virus. Front Neurol 2019; 10:242. [PMID: 30941092 PMCID: PMC6433933 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) is a severe arboviral neuroinvasive disease with high mortality and neurological sequelae. Treatment for EEE is primarily supportive. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and high-dose steroids have been used as empirical therapy for EEE with some case reports of benefit. We report a case of a patient who presented with encephalopathy with initial cerebrospinal spinal fluid (CSF) serology analysis showing California serogroup encephalitis virus IgG positivity. However, the rapid clinical deterioration of the patient into a comatose state prompted a second CSF serology analysis that showed seroconversion of high titer Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus IgM and positive titer of California serogroup encephalitis virus IgG. The patient completed a 5-day course of empiric IVIg without concurrent corticosteroid therapy but did not show significant clinical improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Cho
- Department of Neurology, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Joshua K Wong
- Department of Neurology, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jacqueline Henkel
- Department of Radiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Reordan O DeJesus
- Department of Radiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Bernadette Nazario-Lopez
- Department of Neurology, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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14
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Bowser NH, Anderson NE. Dogs ( Canis familiaris) as Sentinels for Human Infectious Disease and Application to Canadian Populations: A Systematic Review. Vet Sci 2018; 5:E83. [PMID: 30248931 PMCID: PMC6313866 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci5040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In a world where climate change, vector expansion, human activity, and pathogen dispersal do not respect boundaries, the human⁻animal⁻pathogen interface has become less defined. Consequently, a One Health approach to disease surveillance and control has generated much interest across several disciplines. This systematic review evaluates current global research on the use of domestic dogs as sentinels for human infectious disease, and critically appraises how this may be applied within Canada. Results highlighted a bias in research from high- and middle-income-economy countries, with 35% of the studies describing data from the Latin America/Caribbean region, 25% from North America, and 11% from the European/Central Asia region. Bacteria were the most studied type of infectious agent, followed by protozoa, viruses, helminths, and fungi. Only six out of 142 studies described disease in Canada: four researched a variety of pathogens within Indigenous communities, one researched Borrelia burgdorferi in British Columbia, and one researched arboviruses in Quebec. Results from this review suggest that dogs could provide excellent sentinels for certain infectious-disease pathogens in Canada, yet are currently overlooked. Further research into the use of dog-sentinel surveillance is specifically recommended for California serogroup viruses, Chikungunya virus, West Nile virus, Lyme borreliosis, Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., and Dirofilaria immitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha H Bowser
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Roslin EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - Neil E Anderson
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Roslin EH25 9RG, UK.
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15
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Whitmer SLM, Yadav PD, Sarkale P, Chaubal GY, Francis A, Klena J, Nichol ST, Ströher U, Mourya DT. Characterization of Unknown Orthobunya-Like Viruses from India. Viruses 2018; 10:v10090451. [PMID: 30149496 PMCID: PMC6165560 DOI: 10.3390/v10090451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of agents causing idiopathic human diseases has been crucial in the identification of novel viruses. This study describes the isolation and characterization of two novel orthobunyaviruses obtained from a jungle myna and a paddy bird from Karnataka State, India. Using an NGS approach, these isolates were classified as Cat Que and Balagodu viruses belonging to the Manzanilla clade of the Simbu serogroup. Closely related viruses in the Manzanilla clade have been isolated from mosquitos, humans, birds, and pigs across a wide geographic region. Since Orthobunyaviruses exhibit high reassortment frequency and can cause acute, self-limiting febrile illness, these data suggest that human and livestock infections of the Oya/Cat Que/Manzanilla virus may be more widespread and/or under-reported than anticipated. It therefore becomes imperative to identify novel and unknown viruses in order to understand their role in human and animal pathogenesis. The current study is a step forward in this regard and would act as a prototype method for isolation, identification and detection of several other emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L M Whitmer
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Alicia Francis
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - John Klena
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| | - Stuart T Nichol
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| | - Ute Ströher
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
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16
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Vosoughi R, Walkty A, Drebot MA, Kadkhoda K. Jamestown Canyon virus meningoencephalitis mimicking migraine with aura in a resident of Manitoba. CMAJ 2018; 190:E262-E264. [PMID: 29507158 PMCID: PMC5837875 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.170940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Vosoughi
- Department of Neurology (Vosoughi), Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (Walkty, Drebot, Kadkhoda) and Department of Immunology (Kadkhoda), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Diagnostic Services Manitoba (Walkty); National Microbiology Laboratory (Drebot); Cadham Provincial Laboratory (Kadkhoda), Winnipeg, Man
| | - Andrew Walkty
- Department of Neurology (Vosoughi), Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (Walkty, Drebot, Kadkhoda) and Department of Immunology (Kadkhoda), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Diagnostic Services Manitoba (Walkty); National Microbiology Laboratory (Drebot); Cadham Provincial Laboratory (Kadkhoda), Winnipeg, Man.
| | - Michael A Drebot
- Department of Neurology (Vosoughi), Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (Walkty, Drebot, Kadkhoda) and Department of Immunology (Kadkhoda), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Diagnostic Services Manitoba (Walkty); National Microbiology Laboratory (Drebot); Cadham Provincial Laboratory (Kadkhoda), Winnipeg, Man
| | - Kamran Kadkhoda
- Department of Neurology (Vosoughi), Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (Walkty, Drebot, Kadkhoda) and Department of Immunology (Kadkhoda), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Diagnostic Services Manitoba (Walkty); National Microbiology Laboratory (Drebot); Cadham Provincial Laboratory (Kadkhoda), Winnipeg, Man
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