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Shahriyary F, Amirzargar MR, Vafajoo M, Kooshari A, Basi A, Razavi SM, Gharegozlou B, Shahidi M. Resveratrol and tetrahydroisoquinoline effects on neutrophil sensitivity to NETosis formation in low-risk essential thrombocythemia patients. Eur J Haematol 2024; 113:44-53. [PMID: 38544388 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies scrutinize how NETosis (a unique cell death mechanism of neutrophil), impacts thrombosis patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET). This research evaluates the susceptibility of ET neutrophils to form NETs and tests two potential inhibitors, resveratrol (RSV) and tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ), in vitro. METHODS Platelet-rich plasma from low-risk ET patients was used, along with neutrophils from both patients and controls. NET formation assays, with or without RSV and THIQ treatment after LPS stimulation, were conducted in a CO2 incubator. Evaluation included flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy for NET formation and ELISA for TNFα, IL8, and vWF:Ag levels in patient and control plasma. RESULTS Neutrophils from ET patients released more NETs than controls, confirmed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Additionally, patients had significantly higher plasma levels of IL8 and TNFα compared to controls, while RSV was more effective than THIQ in reducing NETosis rates in these patients. CONCLUSIONS In ET patients, a platelet counts over 1 million indicates the need for preventive treatment against thrombotic events. Similarly, in this study, RSV and THIQ significantly reduced the rate of NETosis in ET patients with higher platelet counts, and this role was more prominent in the case of the second inhibitor (RSV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Shahriyary
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Amirzargar
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Vafajoo
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Kooshari
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Basi
- Department of Oncology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Razavi
- Department of Oncology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Gharegozlou
- Department of Immunology, School of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Minoo Shahidi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang X, Bhattacharya A, Pu C, Dai Y, Liu J, Rao L, Tian C. A programmable CRISPR/dCas9-based epigenetic editing system enabling loci-targeted histone citrullination and precise transcription regulation. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00123-1. [PMID: 38849111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Histone citrullination, an important post-translational modification mediated by peptidyl arginine deiminases, is essential for many physiological processes and epigenetic regulation. However, the causal relationship between histone citrullination and specific gene regulation remains unresolved. In this study, we develop a programmable epigenetic editor by fusing the peptidyl arginine deiminase PPAD from Porphyromonas gingivalis with dCas9. With the assistance of gRNA, PPAD-dCas9 can recruit peptidyl arginine deiminases to specific genomic loci, enabling direct manipulation of the epigenetic landscape and regulation of gene expression. Our citrullination editor allows for site-specific manipulation of histone H3R2,8,17 and 26 at target human gene loci, resulting in the activation or suppression of different genes in a locus-specific manner. Moreover, the epigenetic effects of the citrullination editor are specific and sustained. This epigenetic editor offers an accurate and efficient tool for exploring gene regulation of histone citrullination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Zhang
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Abhisek Bhattacharya
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Chunxiang Pu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yan Dai
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jia Liu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Lang Rao
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Chaoguang Tian
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
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3
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Zhu Y, Wang T, Yang Y, Wang Z, Chen X, Wang L, Niu R, Sun Z, Zhang C, Luo Y, Hu Y, Gu W. Low shear stress exacerbates atherosclerosis by inducing the generation of neutrophil extracellular traps via Piezo1-mediated mechanosensation. Atherosclerosis 2024; 391:117473. [PMID: 38412763 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerosis is a chronic lipid-driven inflammatory disease largely influenced by hemodynamics. Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)-mediated inflammation plays an important role in atherosclerosis. However, little is known about the relationship between low shear stress (LSS) and NET generation, as well as the underlying mechanism. METHODS We induced LSS by partial ligation of the left carotid artery in high-fat diet-fed male ApoE-/- mice. To further validate the direct relationship between LSS and NET formation invitro, differentiated human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells and bone marrow-derived neutrophils were suspended in fluid flow under normal or low shear stress using a parallel-plate flow chamber system. RESULTS Four weeks after surgery, ligated carotid arteries had more lipid deposition, larger plaque area, and increased NET formation than unligated arteries. Inhibition of NETosis could significantly reduce plaque formation in ApoE-/- mice. Invitro, LSS could promote NET generation directly through downregulation of Piezo1, a mechanosensitive ion channel. Downregulation of Piezol could activate neutrophils and promote NETosis in static conditions. Conversely, Yoda1-evoked activation of Piezo1 attenuated LSS-induced NETosis. Mechanistically, downregulation of Piezo1 resulted in decreased Ca2+ influx and increased histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), which increased reactive oxygen species levels and led to NETosis. LSS-induced NET generation also promoted apoptosis and adherence of endothelial cells. CONCLUSION LSS directly promotes NETosis through the Piezo1-HDAC2 axis in atherosclerosis progression. This study uncovers the essential role of Piezo1-mediated mechanical signaling in NET generation and plaque formation, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China; College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zining Wang
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Liu Wang
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ruyan Niu
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Zixin Sun
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Yijie Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Wei Gu
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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4
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Li C, Wu C, Li F, Xu W, Zhang X, Huang Y, Xia D. Targeting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Gouty Arthritis: Insights into Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1735-1763. [PMID: 38523684 PMCID: PMC10960513 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s460333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Gouty arthritis (GA) is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by severe inflammation due to the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joints. The pathophysiological mechanisms of GA are not yet fully understood, and therefore, the identification of effective therapeutic targets is of paramount importance. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), an intricate structure of DNA scaffold, encompassing myeloperoxidase, histones, and elastases - have gained significant attention as a prospective therapeutic target for gouty arthritis, due to their innate antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. Hence, exploring the therapeutic potential of NETs in gouty arthritis remains an enticing avenue for further investigation. During the process of gouty arthritis, the formation of NETs triggers the release of inflammatory cytokines, thereby contributing to the inflammatory response, while MSU crystals and cytokines are sequestered and degraded by the aggregation of NETs. Here, we provide a concise summary of the inflammatory processes underlying the initiation and resolution of gouty arthritis mediated by NETs. Furthermore, this review presents an overview of the current pharmacological approaches for treating gouty arthritis and summarizes the potential of natural and synthetic product-based inhibitors that target NET formation as novel therapeutic options, alongside elucidating the intrinsic challenges of these inhibitors in NETs research. Lastly, the limitations of HL-60 cell as a suitable substitute of neutrophils in NETs research are summarized and discussed. Series of recommendations are provided, strategically oriented towards guiding future investigations to effectively address these concerns. These findings will contribute to an enhanced comprehension of the interplay between NETs and GA, facilitating the proposition of innovative therapeutic strategies and novel approaches for the management of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cantao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fenfen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daozong Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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Huang L, Tan X, Xuan W, Luo Q, Xie L, Xi Y, Li R, Li L, Li F, Zhao M, Jiang Y, Wu X. Ficolin-A/2 Aggravated Severe Lung Injury through Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Mediated by Gasdermin D-Induced Pyroptosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024:S0002-9440(24)00082-8. [PMID: 38442803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and pyroptosis are critical events in lung injury. This study investigated whether ficolin-A influences NET formation through pyroptosis to exacerbate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury. The expression of ficolin-A/2, NETs, and pyroptosis-related molecules was investigated in animal and cell models. Knockout and knockdown (recombinant protein) methods were used to elucidate regulatory mechanisms. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between ficolins and pyroptosis- and NET-related markers in clinical samples. In this study, ficolin-2 (similar to ficolin-A) showed significant overexpression in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. In vivo, knockout of ficolin-A, but not ficolin-B, attenuated lung inflammation and inhibited NET formation in the LPS-induced mouse model. DNase I further alleviated lung inflammation and NET formation in ficolin-A knockout mice. In vitro, neutrophils derived from Fcna-/- mice showed less pyroptosis and necroptosis than those from the control group after LPS stimulation. Additionally, gasdermin D knockdown or Nod-like receptor protein 3 inhibitor reduced NET formation. Addition of recombinant ficolin-2 protein to human peripheral blood neutrophils promoted NET formation and pyroptosis after LPS stimulation, whereas ficolin-2 knockdown had the opposite effect. Acute respiratory distress syndrome patients showed increased levels of pyroptosis- and NET-related markers, which were correlated positively with ficolin-2 levels. In conclusion, these results suggested that ficolin-A/2 exacerbated NET formation and LPS-induced lung injury via gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Henan, China; Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Henan, China
| | - Xiaowu Tan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Henan, China
| | - Weixia Xuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Henan, China
| | - Li Xie
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Henan, China
| | - Yunzhu Xi
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Henan, China
| | - Rong Li
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Henan, China
| | - Li Li
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Henan, China
| | - Feifan Li
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Henan, China
| | - Meiyun Zhao
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Henan, China
| | - Yongliang Jiang
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Henan, China.
| | - Xu Wu
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Henan, China; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Henan, China.
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6
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Lo WCJ, Luther DG. Detection of Granzyme B-associated Binding Targets in Peripheral Blood Samples of Hosts in Sickness and in Health Using a Granzyme B-like Peptide Fluorescent Conjugate (GP1R). J Fluoresc 2024; 34:691-711. [PMID: 37347422 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Granzyme B, mostly expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the fight against cancer and infection, is known to induce cell death based on its active enzymatic activity as a serine protease. Recent studies showed cytotoxicity of a non-enzymatic granzyme B-like peptide (also referred to as granzyme B-associated peptide or GP1 in this report) in tumor cells and presence of binding targets for GP1R (i.e., GP1 conjugated with rhodamine fluorochrome) in tumor cells, bacteria, and circulating platelets/neutrophils of healthy hosts. But there were no data on "sick" hosts to help substantiate any potential GP1 based medical applications. Thus, we adopted similar GP1R binding protocols to further study binding of GP1 in different biological samples (including different blood samples of hosts in sickness and in health, cancer cell lines, and trigeminal ganglia culture of infected hosts treated with and without GP1) and determine if any binding patterns might have any associations with different health conditions. The overall preliminary results appear to show certain GP1R + binding patterns in certain blood components (especially neutrophils) have potential correlations with certain health conditions of hosts at sampling times, indicating potential GP1R applications for diagnostic purposes. Findings of different GP1R binding patterns in different cancer cell lines, whole blood samples and trigeminal ganglia culture of experimental mice infected with HSV-1 virus (might cause neuropathy) within a week post-infection, and blood samples of GP1-treated mouse survivors on day 21 post-infection provided preliminary evidence of potential GP1-led tumor cell-specific cell death and treatment efficacy for greater survival.
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7
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Ahmad S, Zhang XL, Ahmad A. Epigenetic regulation of pulmonary inflammation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:346-354. [PMID: 37230854 PMCID: PMC10592630 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension are the leading cause of deaths. More importantly, lung diseases are on the rise and environmental factors induced epigenetic modifications are major players on this increased prevalence. It has been reported that dysregulation of genes involved in epigenetic regulation such as the histone deacetylase (HDACs) and histone acetyltransferase (HATs) play important role in lung health and pulmonary disease pathogenesis. Inflammation is an essential component of respiratory diseases. Injury and inflammation trigger release of extracellular vesicles that can act as epigenetic modifiers through transfer of epigenetic regulators such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), proteins and lipids, from one cell to another. The immune dysregulations caused by the cargo contents are important contributors of respiratory disease pathogenesis. N6 methylation of RNA is also emerging to be a critical mechanism of epigenetic alteration and upregulation of immune responses to environmental stressors. Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation are stable and often long term and cause onset of chronic lung conditions. These epigenetic pathways are also being utilized for therapeutic intervention in several lung conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Xiao Lu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Zhou X, Jin J, Lv T, Song Y. A Narrative Review: The Role of NETs in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome/Acute Lung Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1464. [PMID: 38338744 PMCID: PMC10855305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) still has a high mortality rate, and the alleviation and treatment of ARDS remains a major research focus. There are various causes of ARDS, among which pneumonia and non-pulmonary sepsis are the most common. Trauma and blood transfusion can also cause ARDS. In ARDS, the aggregation and infiltration of neutrophils in the lungs have a great influence on the development of the disease. Neutrophils regulate inflammatory responses through various pathways, and the release of neutrophils through neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is considered to be one of the most important mechanisms. NETs are mainly composed of DNA, histones, and granuloproteins, all of which can mediate downstream signaling pathways that can activate inflammatory responses, generate immune clots, and cause damage to surrounding tissues. At the same time, the components of NETs can also promote the formation and release of NETs, thus forming a vicious cycle that continuously aggravates the progression of the disease. NETs are also associated with cytokine storms and immune balance. Since DNA is the main component of NETs, DNase I is considered a viable drug for removing NETs. Other therapeutic methods to inhibit the formation of NETs are also worthy of further exploration. This review discusses the formation and mechanism of NETs in ARDS. Understanding the association between NETs and ARDS may help to develop new perspectives on the treatment of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (X.Z.); (J.J.)
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (X.Z.); (J.J.)
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Souza FW, Miao EA. Neutrophils only die twice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadm8715. [PMID: 38117906 PMCID: PMC10732514 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm8715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
After apoptotic cell death begins neutrophils initiate NETosis, a second cell death program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando W. Souza
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Edward A. Miao
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
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10
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Nan W, He Y, Shen S, Wu M, Wang S, Zhang Y. BMP4 inhibits corneal neovascularization by interfering with tip cells in angiogenesis. Exp Eye Res 2023; 237:109680. [PMID: 37858608 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization (CNV) can lead to impaired corneal transparency, resulting in vision loss or blindness. The primary pathological mechanism underlying CNV is an imbalance between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, with inflammation playing a crucial role. Notably, a vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-A gradient triggers the selection of single endothelial cells(ECs) into primary tip cells that guide sprouting, while a dynamic balance between tip and stalk cells maintains a specific ratio to promote CNV. Despite the central importance of tip-stalk cell selection and shuffling, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) on VEGF-A-induced lumen formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and CD34-stained tip cell formation. In vivo, BMP4 inhibited CNV caused by corneal sutures. This process was achieved by BMP4 decreasing the protein expression of VEGF-A and VEGFR2 in corneal tissue after corneal suture injury. By observing the ultrastructure of the cornea, BMP4 inhibited the sprouting of tip cells and brought forward the appearance of intussusception. Meanwhile, BMP4 attenuated the inflammatory response by inhibiting neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)formation through the NADPH oxidase-2(NOX-2)pathway. Our results indicate that BMP4 inhibits the formation of tip cells by reducing the generation of NETs, disrupting the dynamic balance of tip and stalk cells and thereby inhibiting CNV, suggesting that BMP4 may be a potential therapeutic target for CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijin Nan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; Corneal Refraction Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yuxi He
- Corneal Refraction Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Sitong Shen
- Corneal Refraction Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Meiliang Wu
- Corneal Refraction Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Shurong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; Corneal Refraction Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
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11
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James EA, Holers VM, Iyer R, Prideaux EB, Rao NL, Rims C, Muir VS, Posso SE, Bloom MS, Zia A, Elliott SE, Adamska JZ, Ai R, Brewer RC, Seifert JA, Moss L, Barzideh S, Demoruelle MK, Striebich CC, Okamoto Y, Sainbayar E, Crook AA, Peterson RA, Vanderlinden LA, Wang W, Boyle DL, Robinson WH, Buckner JH, Firestein GS, Deane KD. Multifaceted immune dysregulation characterizes individuals at-risk for rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7637. [PMID: 37993439 PMCID: PMC10665556 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular markers of autoimmunity, such as antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens (ACPA), are detectable prior to inflammatory arthritis (IA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and may define a state that is 'at-risk' for future RA. Here we present a cross-sectional comparative analysis among three groups that include ACPA positive individuals without IA (At-Risk), ACPA negative individuals and individuals with early, ACPA positive clinical RA (Early RA). Differential methylation analysis among the groups identifies non-specific dysregulation in peripheral B, memory and naïve T cells in At-Risk participants, with more specific immunological pathway abnormalities in Early RA. Tetramer studies show increased abundance of T cells recognizing citrullinated (cit) epitopes in At-Risk participants, including expansion of T cells reactive to citrullinated cartilage intermediate layer protein I (cit-CILP); these T cells have Th1, Th17, and T stem cell memory-like phenotypes. Antibody-antigen array analyses show that antibodies targeting cit-clusterin, cit-fibrinogen and cit-histone H4 are elevated in At-Risk and Early RA participants, with the highest levels of antibodies detected in those with Early RA. These findings indicate that an ACPA positive at-risk state is associated with multifaceted immune dysregulation that may represent a potential opportunity for targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie A James
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Radhika Iyer
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - E Barton Prideaux
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Navin L Rao
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, 19477, USA
| | - Cliff Rims
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | | | | | - Michelle S Bloom
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Amin Zia
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Serra E Elliott
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Julia Z Adamska
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Rizi Ai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - R Camille Brewer
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Jennifer A Seifert
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - LauraKay Moss
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Saman Barzideh
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Christopher C Striebich
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Yuko Okamoto
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Enkhtsogt Sainbayar
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Alexandra A Crook
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Ryan A Peterson
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Lauren A Vanderlinden
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - David L Boyle
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - William H Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94550, USA
| | | | - Gary S Firestein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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12
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Patel D, Dodd WS, Lucke‐Wold B, Chowdhury MAB, Hosaka K, Hoh BL. Neutrophils: Novel Contributors to Estrogen-Dependent Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture Via Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029917. [PMID: 37889179 PMCID: PMC10727420 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.029917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are more prevalent in women than men, and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage disproportionately affects postmenopausal women. These sex differences suggest estrogen protects against IA progression that can lead to rupture, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Although studies have demonstrated estrogen regulates inflammatory processes that contribute to IA pathogenesis, the role of neutrophils remains to be characterized. Using a murine model, we tested our hypothesis that neutrophils contribute to IA pathophysiology in an estrogen-dependent manner. Methods and Results We compared neutrophil infiltration in C57BL/6 female mice that develop IAs to those with a normal circle of Willis. Next, we investigated the estrogen-dependent role of neutrophils in IA formation, rupture, and symptom-free survival using a neutrophil depletion antibody. Finally, we studied the role of neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis) as an underlying mechanism of aneurysm progression. Mice that developed aneurysms had increased neutrophil infiltration compared with those with a normal circle of Willis. In estrogen-deficient female mice, both neutrophil depletion and NETosis inhibition decreased aneurysm rupture. In estrogen-deficient female mice treated with estrogen rescue and estrogen-intact female mice, neither neutrophil depletion nor NETosis inhibition affected IA formation, rupture, or symptom-free survival. Conclusions Neutrophils contribute to aneurysm rupture in an estrogen-dependent manner. NETosis appears to be an underlying mechanism for neutrophil-mediated IA rupture in estrogen deficiency. Targeting NETosis may lead to the development of novel therapeutics to protect against IA rupture in the setting of estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan Patel
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - William S. Dodd
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | | | | | - Koji Hosaka
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Brian L. Hoh
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
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13
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Rungratanawanich W, Ballway JW, Wang X, Won KJ, Hardwick JP, Song BJ. Post-translational modifications of histone and non-histone proteins in epigenetic regulation and translational applications in alcohol-associated liver disease: Challenges and research opportunities. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108547. [PMID: 37838219 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is a process that takes place through adaptive cellular pathways influenced by environmental factors and metabolic changes to modulate gene activity with heritable phenotypic variations without altering the DNA sequences of many target genes. Epigenetic regulation can be facilitated by diverse mechanisms: many different types of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histone and non-histone nuclear proteins, DNA methylation, altered levels of noncoding RNAs, incorporation of histone variants, nucleosomal positioning, chromatin remodeling, etc. These factors modulate chromatin structure and stability with or without the involvement of metabolic products, depending on the cellular context of target cells or environmental stimuli, such as intake of alcohol (ethanol) or Western-style high-fat diets. Alterations of epigenetics have been actively studied, since they are frequently associated with multiple disease states. Consequently, explorations of epigenetic regulation have recently shed light on the pathogenesis and progression of alcohol-associated disorders. In this review, we highlight the roles of various types of PTMs, including less-characterized modifications of nuclear histone and non-histone proteins, in the epigenetic regulation of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and other disorders. We also describe challenges in characterizing specific PTMs and suggest future opportunities for basic and translational research to prevent or treat ALD and many other disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiramon Rungratanawanich
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jacob W Ballway
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kyoung-Jae Won
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, 90069, USA
| | - James P Hardwick
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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14
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Rochette L, Dogon G, Rigal E, Zeller M, Cottin Y, Vergely C. Interplay between efferocytosis and atherosclerosis. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 116:474-484. [PMID: 37659915 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
In an adult human, billions of cells die and turn over daily. During this process, many apoptotic cells are produced and subsequently cleared by phagocytes - a process termed efferocytosis, which plays a critical role in tissue homeostasis. Efferocytosis is an important mechanism in the control of inflammatory processes. Efficient efferocytosis inhibits accumulation of apoptotic cells/debris and maintains homeostasis before the onset of necrosis (secondary necrosis), which promotes inflammation or injury. During efferocytosis, mitochondrial fission and the oxidative stress process are linked through reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress control. Autophagy plays an important role in inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis, and in promoting efferocytosis by activated inflammatory cells, particularly neutrophils and macrophages. Autophagy in neutrophils is activated by phagocytosis of pathogens or activation of pattern recognition receptors. Autophagy is essential for major neutrophil functions, including degranulation, reactive oxygen species production, oxidative stress and release of neutrophil extracellular cytokines. Failed efferocytosis is a key mechanism driving the development and progression of chronic inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, cardiometabolic pathology, neurodegenerative disease and cancer. Impairment of efferocytosis in apoptotic macrophages is a determinant of atherosclerosis severity and the vulnerability of plaques to rupture. Recent results suggest that inhibition of efferocytosis in the protection of the myocardium results in reduced infiltration of reparatory macrophages into the tissue, in association with oxidative stress reduction. Activated macrophages play a central role in the development and resolution of inflammation. The resolution of inflammation through efferocytosis is an endogenous process that protects host tissues from prolonged or excessive inflammation. Accordingly, therapeutic strategies that ameliorate efferocytosis control would be predicted to dampen inflammation and improve resolution. Thus, therapies targeting efferocytosis will provide a new means of treating and preventing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases involving the chronic inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Rochette
- Équipe d'accueil (EA 7460) : physiopathologie et épidémiologie cérébro-cardiovasculaires (PEC2), faculté des sciences de santé, université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 7, boulevard Jeanne-d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Geoffrey Dogon
- Équipe d'accueil (EA 7460) : physiopathologie et épidémiologie cérébro-cardiovasculaires (PEC2), faculté des sciences de santé, université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 7, boulevard Jeanne-d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Eve Rigal
- Équipe d'accueil (EA 7460) : physiopathologie et épidémiologie cérébro-cardiovasculaires (PEC2), faculté des sciences de santé, université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 7, boulevard Jeanne-d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Marianne Zeller
- Équipe d'accueil (EA 7460) : physiopathologie et épidémiologie cérébro-cardiovasculaires (PEC2), faculté des sciences de santé, université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 7, boulevard Jeanne-d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Yves Cottin
- Service de cardiologie, CHU de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Vergely
- Équipe d'accueil (EA 7460) : physiopathologie et épidémiologie cérébro-cardiovasculaires (PEC2), faculté des sciences de santé, université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 7, boulevard Jeanne-d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
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15
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Yuan C, Ma Z, Xie J, Li W, Su L, Zhang G, Xu J, Wu Y, Zhang M, Liu W. The role of cell death in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:357. [PMID: 37726282 PMCID: PMC10509267 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01580-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), showing high infectiousness, resulted in an ongoing pandemic termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 cases often experience acute respiratory distress syndrome, which has caused millions of deaths. Apart from triggering inflammatory and immune responses, many viral infections can cause programmed cell death in infected cells. Cell death mechanisms have a vital role in maintaining a suitable environment to achieve normal cell functionality. Nonetheless, these processes are dysregulated, potentially contributing to disease pathogenesis. Over the past decades, multiple cell death pathways are becoming better understood. Growing evidence suggests that the induction of cell death by the coronavirus may significantly contributes to viral infection and pathogenicity. However, the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with cell death, together with its associated mechanisms, is yet to be elucidated. In this review, we summarize the existing evidence concerning the molecular modulation of cell death in SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as viral-host interactions, which may shed new light on antiviral therapy against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenling Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiufeng Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenqing Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Su
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guozhi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaru Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
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16
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Ma W, Zhu J, Bai L, Zhao P, Li F, Zhang S. The role of neutrophil extracellular traps and proinflammatory damage-associated molecular patterns in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 213:202-208. [PMID: 37289984 PMCID: PMC10361739 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a group of systemic autoimmune diseases characterized by immune-mediated muscle injury. Abnormal neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) can be used as a biomarker of IIM disease activity, but the mechanism of NET involvement in IIMs needs to be elucidated. Important components of NETs, including high-mobility group box 1, DNA, histones, extracellular matrix, serum amyloid A, and S100A8/A9, act as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to promote inflammation in IIMs. NETs can act on different cells to release large amounts of cytokines and activate the inflammasome, which can subsequently aggravate the inflammatory response. Based on the idea that NETs may be proinflammatory DAMPs of IIMs, we describe the role of NETs, DAMPs, and their interaction in the pathogenesis of IIMs and discuss the possible targeted treatment strategies in IIMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlan Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiarui Zhu
- Department of Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ling Bai
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peipei Zhao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feifei Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sigong Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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17
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Oliveira TKF, Oliveira-Silva J, Linhares-Lacerda L, da Silva Fraga-Junior V, Benjamim CF, Guimaraes-Costa AB, Saraiva EM. Leishmania infantum Axenic Amastigotes Induce Human Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Resist NET-Mediated Killing. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:336. [PMID: 37505632 PMCID: PMC10385766 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8070336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are multifaceted cells that, upon activation, release meshes of chromatin associated with different proteins, known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes and amastigotes induce NET release, and we have identified the signaling pathways involved in NET extrusion activated by promastigotes. Amastigotes maintain the infection in vertebrate hosts, and we have shown the association of NETs with amastigotes in human biopsies of cutaneous leishmaniasis. However, the interaction of amastigotes and neutrophils remains poorly understood. Our study aimed to characterize the pathways involved in the formation of NETs induced by axenic amastigotes from L. infantum, the causal agent of visceral leishmaniasis. Human neutrophils pretreated with signaling pathway inhibitors were incubated with amastigotes, and NET release was quantified in the culture supernatant. Amastigote viability was checked after incubation with NETs. We found that the release of NETs by neutrophils stimulated with these amastigotes requires the participation of elastase and peptidyl arginine deaminase and the involvement of PI3K, ROS, and calcium. Moreover, amastigotes are not susceptible to NET-mediated killing. Altogether, these findings improve our comprehension of the signaling pathways implicated in the interaction between amastigotes and human neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamara K F Oliveira
- Laboratório de Imunologia das Leishmanioses, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Jullyanna Oliveira-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunologia das Leishmanioses, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Laboratório de Imunologia das Leishmanioses, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei da Silva Fraga-Junior
- Laboratório de Imunologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Claudia F Benjamim
- Laboratório de Imunologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Anderson B Guimaraes-Costa
- Laboratório de Imunologia das Leishmanioses, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Elvira M Saraiva
- Laboratório de Imunologia das Leishmanioses, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
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18
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Frolova AS, Chepikova OE, Deviataikina AS, Solonkina AD, Zamyatnin AA. New Perspectives on the Role of Nuclear Proteases in Cell Death Pathways. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:797. [PMID: 37372081 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Multiple factors can trigger cell death via various pathways, and nuclear proteases have emerged as essential regulators of these processes. While certain nuclear proteases have been extensively studied and their mechanisms of action are well understood, others remain poorly characterized. Regulation of nuclear protease activity is a promising therapeutic strategy that could selectively induce favorable cell death pathways in specific tissues or organs. Thus, by understanding the roles of newly discovered or predicted nuclear proteases in cell death processes, we can identify new pharmacological targets for improving therapeutic outcomes. In this article, we delved into the role of nuclear proteases in several types of cell death and explore potential avenues for future research and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia S Frolova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Olga E Chepikova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Anna S Deviataikina
- Institute of Biodesign and Complex Systems Modeling, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alena D Solonkina
- Institute of Biodesign and Complex Systems Modeling, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
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19
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Wu Y, Wen X, Xia Y, Yu X, Lou Y. LncRNAs and regulated cell death in tumor cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1170336. [PMID: 37313458 PMCID: PMC10258353 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1170336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated Cell Death (RCD) is a mode of cell death that occurs through drug or genetic intervention. The regulation of RCDs is one of the significant reasons for the long survival time of tumor cells and poor prognosis of patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) which are involved in the regulation of tumor biological processes, including RCDs occurring on tumor cells, are closely related to tumor progression. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of eight different RCDs which contain apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, NETosis, entosis, ferroptosis, autosis and cuproptosis. Meanwhile, their respective roles in the tumor are aggregated. In addition, we outline the literature that is related to the regulatory relationships between lncRNAs and RCDs in tumor cells, which is expected to provide new ideas for tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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20
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Luo G, Liu B, Fu T, Liu Y, Li B, Li N, Geng Q. The Role of Histone Deacetylases in Acute Lung Injury-Friend or Foe. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097876. [PMID: 37175583 PMCID: PMC10178380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI), caused by intrapulmonary or extrapulmonary factors such as pneumonia, shock, and sepsis, eventually disrupts the alveolar-capillary barrier, resulting in diffuse pulmonary oedema and microatasis, manifested by refractory hypoxemia, and respiratory distress. Not only is ALI highly lethal, but even if a patient survives, there are also multiple sequelae. Currently, there is no better treatment than supportive care, and we urgently need to find new targets to improve ALI. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetically important enzymes that, together with histone acetylases (HATs), regulate the acetylation levels of histones and non-histones. While HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) play a therapeutic role in cancer, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases, there is also a large body of evidence suggesting the potential of HDACs as therapeutic targets in ALI. This review explores the unique mechanisms of HDACs in different cell types of ALI, including macrophages, pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (VECs), alveolar epithelial cells (AECs), and neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Bohao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Tinglv Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Boyang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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Zhang R, Sun C, Han Y, Huang L, Sheng H, Wang J, Zhang Y, Lai J, Yuan J, Chen X, Jiang C, Wu F, Wang J, Fan X, Wang J. Neutrophil autophagy and NETosis in COVID-19: perspectives. Autophagy 2023; 19:758-767. [PMID: 35951555 PMCID: PMC9980466 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2099206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused substantial losses worldwide in people's lives, health, and property. Currently, COVID-19 is still prominent worldwide without any specific drug treatment. The SARS-CoV-2 pathogen is the cause of various systemic diseases, mainly acute pneumonia. Within the pathological process, neutrophils are recruited to infected sites, especially in the lungs, for the first stage of removing invading SARS-CoV-2 through a range of mechanisms. Macroautophagy/autophagy, a conserved autodegradation process in neutrophils, plays a crucial role in the neutrophil phagocytosis of pathogens. NETosis refers to neutrophil cell death, while auto-inflammatory factors and antigens release NETs. This review summarizes the latest research progress and provides an in-depth explanation of the underlying mechanisms of autophagy and NETosis in COVID-19. Furthermore, after exploring the relationship between autophagy and NETosis, we discuss potential targets and treatment options. This review keeps up with the latest research on COVID-19 from neutrophil autophagy and NETosis with a new perspective, which can guide the urgent development of antiviral drugs and provide guidance for the clinical treatment of COVID-19.Abbreviations: AKT1: AKT serine/threonine kinase 1; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; AP: autophagosome; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; ATG: autophagy related; BECN1: beclin 1; cfDNA: cell-free DNA; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; CQ: chloroquine; DMVs: double-membrane vesicles; ELANE/NE: elastase, neutrophil expressed; F3: coagulation factor III, tissue factor; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain of 3; MPO: myeloperoxidase; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; NETs: neutrophil traps; NSP: nonstructural protein; PI3K: class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PtdIns3K: class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SKP2: S-phase kinase associated protein 2; TCC: terminal complement complex; ULK1: unc-51 like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Zhang
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yunze Han
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Leo Huang
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Honghui Sheng
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jonathan Lai
- Premed track majoring in Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Jiahao Yuan
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Fuyuan Wu
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaochong Fan
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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22
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Wu D, Shi Y, Zhang H, Miao C. Epigenetic mechanisms of Immune remodeling in sepsis: targeting histone modification. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:112. [PMID: 36774341 PMCID: PMC9922301 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05656-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening disorder disease defined as infection-induced dysregulated immune responses and multiple organ dysfunction. The imbalance between hyperinflammation and immunosuppression is a crucial feature of sepsis immunity. Epigenetic modifications, including histone modifications, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA, play essential roles in regulating sepsis immunity through epi-information independent of the DNA sequence. In recent years, the mechanisms of histone modification in sepsis have received increasing attention, with ongoing discoveries of novel types of histone modifications. Due to the capacity for prolonged effects on immune cells, histone modifications can induce immune cell reprogramming and participate in the long-term immunosuppressed state of sepsis. Herein, we systematically review current mechanisms of histone modifications involved in the regulation of sepsis, summarize their role in sepsis from an immune perspective and provide potential therapeutic opportunities targeting histone modifications in sepsis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Zhu Y, Han Q, Wang L, Wang B, Chen J, Cai B, Wu C, Zhu X, Liu F, Han D, Dong H, Jia Y, Liu Y. Jinhua Qinggan granules attenuates acute lung injury by promotion of neutrophil apoptosis and inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115763. [PMID: 36183949 PMCID: PMC9523948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the fatal complications of respiratory virus infections such as influenza virus and coronavirus, which has high clinical morbidity and mortality. Jinhua Qinggan granules (JHQG) has been approved by China Food and Drug Administration in the treatment of H1N1 influenza and mild or moderate novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is an herbal formula developed based on Maxingshigan decoction and Yinqiao powder that have been used to respiratory diseases in China for thousands of years. However, the underlying mechanism of JHQG in treating infectious diseases remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the effects of JHQG on neutrophil apoptosis and key signaling pathways in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced ALI mice in order to explore its mechanism of anti-inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of JHQG on survival rate was observed in septic mouse model by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (20 mg/kg). To better pharmacological evaluation, the mice received an intratracheal injection of 5 mg/kg LPS. Lung histopathological changes, wet-to-dry ratio of the lungs, and MPO activity in the lungs and total protein concentration, total cells number, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MIP-2 levels in BALF were assessed. Neutrophil apoptosis rate was detected by Ly6G-APC/Annexin V-FITC staining. Key proteins associated with apoptosis including caspase 3/7 activity, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 were measured by flow cytometry and confocal microscope, respectively. TLR4 receptor and its downstream signaling were analyzed by Western blot assay and immunofluorescence, respectively. RESULTS JHQG treatment at either 6 or 12 g/kg/day resulted in 20% increase of survival in 20 mg/kg LPS-induced mice. In the model of 5 mg/kg LPS-induced mice, JHQG obviously decreased the total protein concentration in BALF, wet-to-dry ratio of the lungs, and lung histological damage. It also attenuated the MPO activity and the proportion of Ly6G staining positive neutrophils in the lungs, as well as the MIP-2 levels in BALF were reduced. JHQG inhibited the expression of Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL and enhanced caspase-3/7 activity, indicating that JHQG partially acted in promoting neutrophil apoptosis via intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were significantly declined in LPS-induced mice treated with JHQG. Furthermore, JHQG reduced the protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, p-p65 and the proportion of nuclei p65, suggesting that JHQG treatment inhibited TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION JHQG reduced pulmonary inflammation and protected mice from LPS-induced ALI by promoting neutrophil apoptosis and inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, suggesting that JHQG may be a promising drug for treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Qianqian Han
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Baiyan Wang
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Jianshuang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Bangrong Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Can Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Xiali Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Fugang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Deen Han
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Haoran Dong
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Yongyan Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Yalin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
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24
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Modulations in human neutrophil metabolome and S-glutathionylation of glycolytic pathway enzymes during the course of extracellular trap formation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166581. [PMID: 36265832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis) has been irrefutably referred to as a distinct and unique form of active cell death with the purpose to counteract invading pathogens or augmenting the inflammatory cascade. Since the discovery, consistent efforts have been made to understand the various aspects of the initiation and sustenance of NETosis. In this study, using a global metabolomics approach during the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced NETosis in human neutrophils, various metabolic pathways were found to be altered which includes intermediates related to, carbohydrate metabolism, and redox related metabolites, nucleic acid metabolism, and amino acids metabolism. Enrichment analysis of the metabolite sets highlighted the importance of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and glutathione metabolism PMA-induced NETotic neutrophils. Further, analysis of the glutathyniolation status of neutrophil proteins by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) indicated six different glutathionylated proteins: among them, two metabolically important proteins were α-enolase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) with MALDI score 166 and 70 respectively. Other proteins were lactoferrin, β-actin, c-myc promoter-binding protein, and uracil DNA glycosylase with MALDI scores of 96, 167, 104, and 68 respectively. Besides, activation of signalling proteins involved in metabolic regulation is also correlated with NETosis. Altogether, a balance between reactive oxygen species-glutathione metabolism seems to regulate the activity of glycolytic enzymes such as GAPDH and α-enolase during PMA-induced NETosis in a time-dependent manner.
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25
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Luo H, Guo H, Zhou Y, Fang R, Zhang W, Mei Z. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Friend and Foe. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2079-2096. [PMID: 36892020 PMCID: PMC10556361 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230308090351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic injury, one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, triggers various central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and chronic ischemia-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently, targeted therapies are urgently needed to address neurological disorders caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI), and the emergence of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may be able to relieve the pressure. Neutrophils are precursors to brain injury following ischemic stroke and exert complicated functions. NETs extracellularly release reticular complexes of neutrophils, i.e., double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), histones, and granulins. Paradoxically, NETs play a dual role, friend and foe, under different conditions, for example, physiological circumstances, infection, neurodegeneration, and ischemia/reperfusion. Increasing evidence indicates that NETs exert anti-inflammatory effects by degrading cytokines and chemokines through protease at a relatively stable and moderate level under physiological conditions, while excessive amounts of NETs release (NETosis) irritated by CI/RI exacerbate the inflammatory response and aggravate thrombosis, disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and initiates sequential neuron injury and tissue damage. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the machinery of NETs formation and the role of an abnormal cascade of NETs in CI/RI, as well as other ischemia-induced neurological diseases. Herein, we highlight the potential of NETs as a therapeutic target against ischemic stroke that may inspire translational research and innovative clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Luo
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Hanjing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Rui Fang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China
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26
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Liu Y, Yan P, Bin Y, Qin X, Wu Z. Neutrophil extracellular traps and complications of liver transplantation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1054753. [PMID: 36466888 PMCID: PMC9712194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1054753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Many end-stage liver disease etiologies are attributed to robust inflammatory cell recruitment. Neutrophils play an important role in inflammatory infiltration and neutrophil phagocytosis, oxidative burst, and degranulation. It has also been suggested that neutrophils may release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to kill pathogens. It has been proven that neutrophil infiltration within the liver contributes to an inflammatory microenvironment and immune cell activation. Growing evidence implies that NETs are involved in the progression of numerous complications of liver transplantation, including ischemia-reperfusion injury, acute rejection, thrombosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence. NETs are discussed in this comprehensive review, focusing on their effects on liver transplantation complications. Furthermore, we discuss NETs as potential targets for liver transplantation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Bin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qin
- Department of General Surgery and Trauma Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongjun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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27
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Schoen J, Euler M, Schauer C, Schett G, Herrmann M, Knopf J, Yaykasli KO. Neutrophils' Extracellular Trap Mechanisms: From Physiology to Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12855. [PMID: 36361646 PMCID: PMC9653572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are an essential part of the innate immune system and the first line of defense against invading pathogens. They phagocytose, release granular contents, produce reactive oxygen species, and form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to fight pathogens. With the characterization of NETs and their components, neutrophils were identified as players of the innate adaptive crosstalk. This has placed NETs at the center not only of physiological but also pathological processes. Aside from their role in pathogen uptake and clearance, NETs have been demonstrated to contribute to the resolution of inflammation by forming aggregated NETs able to degrade inflammatory mediators. On the other hand, NETs have the potential to foster severe pathological conditions. When homeostasis is disrupted, they occlude vessels and ducts, serve as sources of autoantigens and danger or damage associated molecular patterns, directly damage tissues, and exaggerate complement activity and inflammation. This review focusses on the understanding of NETs from their formation to their functions in both physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Schoen
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilien Euler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Schauer
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Knopf
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kursat Oguz Yaykasli
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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28
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LaSalle TJ, Gonye ALK, Freeman SS, Kaplonek P, Gushterova I, Kays KR, Manakongtreecheep K, Tantivit J, Rojas-Lopez M, Russo BC, Sharma N, Thomas MF, Lavin-Parsons KM, Lilly BM, Mckaig BN, Charland NC, Khanna HK, Lodenstein CL, Margolin JD, Blaum EM, Lirofonis PB, Revach OY, Mehta A, Sonny A, Bhattacharyya RP, Parry BA, Goldberg MB, Alter G, Filbin MR, Villani AC, Hacohen N, Sade-Feldman M. Longitudinal characterization of circulating neutrophils uncovers phenotypes associated with severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100779. [PMID: 36208629 PMCID: PMC9510054 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms of neutrophil involvement in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain incompletely understood. Here, we collect longitudinal blood samples from 306 hospitalized COVID-19+ patients and 86 controls and perform bulk RNA sequencing of enriched neutrophils, plasma proteomics, and high-throughput antibody profiling to investigate relationships between neutrophil states and disease severity. We identify dynamic switches between six distinct neutrophil subtypes. At days 3 and 7 post-hospitalization, patients with severe disease display a granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell-like gene expression signature, while patients with resolving disease show a neutrophil progenitor-like signature. Humoral responses are identified as potential drivers of neutrophil effector functions, with elevated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)-to-IgA1 ratios in plasma of severe patients who survived. In vitro experiments confirm that while patient-derived IgG antibodies induce phagocytosis in healthy donor neutrophils, IgA antibodies predominantly induce neutrophil cell death. Overall, our study demonstrates a dysregulated myelopoietic response in severe COVID-19 and a potential role for IgA-dominant responses contributing to mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J LaSalle
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School & Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Anna L K Gonye
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samuel S Freeman
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Irena Gushterova
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kyle R Kays
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kasidet Manakongtreecheep
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Tantivit
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maricarmen Rojas-Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian C Russo
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nihaarika Sharma
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Molly F Thomas
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Brendan M Lilly
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brenna N Mckaig
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole C Charland
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hargun K Khanna
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carl L Lodenstein
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin D Margolin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily M Blaum
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paola B Lirofonis
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Or-Yam Revach
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arnav Mehta
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abraham Sonny
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roby P Bhattacharyya
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Blair Alden Parry
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcia B Goldberg
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael R Filbin
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra-Chloé Villani
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Moshe Sade-Feldman
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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29
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Su Y, Sai Y, Zhou L, Liu Z, Du P, Wu J, Zhang J. Current insights into the regulation of programmed cell death by TP53 mutation in cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1023427. [PMID: 36313700 PMCID: PMC9608511 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1023427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene mutation is a complicated process that influences the onset and progression of cancer, and the most prevalent mutation involves the TP53 gene. One of the ways in which the body maintains homeostasis is programmed cell death, which includes apoptosis, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, NETosis, and the more recently identified process of cuprotosis. Evasion of these cell deaths is a hallmark of cancer cells, and our elucidation of the way these cells die helps us better understands the mechanisms by which cancer arises and provides us with more ways to treat it.Studies have shown that programmed cell death requires wild-type p53 protein and that mutations of TP53 can affect these modes of programmed cell death. For example, mutant p53 promotes iron-dependent cell death in ferroptosis and inhibits apoptotic and autophagic cell death. It is clear that TP53 mutations act on more than one pathway to death, and these pathways to death do not operate in isolation. They interact with each other and together determine cell death. This review focuses on the mechanisms via which TP53 mutation affects programmed cell death. Clinical investigations of TP53 mutation and the potential for targeted pharmacological agents that can be used to treat cancer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Yingying Sai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Linfeng Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Zeliang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Panyan Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Jinghua Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
- *Correspondence: Jinghua Wu, ; Jinghua Zhang,
| | - Jinghua Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Tangshan Maternal and Child Heath Care Hospital, Tangshan, China
- *Correspondence: Jinghua Wu, ; Jinghua Zhang,
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30
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Estúa-Acosta GA, Buentello-Volante B, Magaña-Guerrero FS, Flores JEA, Vivanco-Rojas O, Castro-Salas I, Zarco-Ávila K, García-Mejía MA, Garfias Y. Human Amniotic Membrane Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Synthesized PGE 2 Exerts an Immunomodulatory Effect on Neutrophil Extracellular Trap in a PAD-4-Dependent Pathway through EP2 and EP4. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182831. [PMID: 36139406 PMCID: PMC9496826 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells (hAM-MSC) secrete a myriad of components with immunosuppressive activities. In the present research, we aimed to describe the effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secreted by hAM-MSCs on neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release and to characterize the role of its receptors (EP2/EP4) in PAD-4 and NFκB activity in neutrophils. Human peripheral blood neutrophils were ionomycin-stimulated in the presence of hAM-MSC conditioned medium (CM) treated or not with the selective PGE2 inhibitor MF-63, PGE2, EP2/EP4 agonists, and the selective PAD-4 inhibitor GSK-484. NET release, PAD-4, and NFκB activation were analyzed. Ionomycin induced NET release, which was inhibited in the presence of hAM-MSC-CM, while CM from hAM-MSCs treated with MF-63 prevented NET release inhibition. PGE2 and EP2/EP4 agonists, and GSK-484 inhibited NET release. EP2/EP4 agonists and GSK-484 inhibited H3-citrullination but did not affect PAD-4 protein expression. Finally, PGE2 and EP2/EP4 agonists and GSK-484 increased NFκB phosphorylation. Taken together, these results suggest that hAM-MSC exert their immunomodulatory activities through PGE2, inhibiting NET release in a PAD-4-dependent pathway. This research proposes a new mechanism by which hAM-MSC exert their activities when modulating the innate immune response and inhibiting NET release.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatriz Buentello-Volante
- Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
| | - Fátima Sofía Magaña-Guerrero
- Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
| | - José Eduardo-Aguayo Flores
- Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
| | - Oscar Vivanco-Rojas
- Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
| | - Ilse Castro-Salas
- Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
| | - Karla Zarco-Ávila
- Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
| | - Mariana A. García-Mejía
- Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
| | - Yonathan Garfias
- Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: or
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31
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Citrullination: A modification important in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Clin Immunol 2022; 245:109134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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32
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Inal JM, Hristova M, Lange S. A Pilot Study on Peptidylarginine Deiminases and Protein Deimination in Animal Cancers across Vertebrate Species. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158697. [PMID: 35955829 PMCID: PMC9368843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PADs are a group of calcium-dependent enzymes that play key roles in inflammatory pathologies and have diverse roles in cancers. PADs cause irreversible post-translational modification of arginine to citrulline, leading to changes in protein function in different cellular compartments. PAD isozyme diversity differs throughout phylogeny in chordates, with five PAD isozymes in mammals, three in birds, and one in fish. While the roles for PADs in various human cancers are mounting (both in regards to cancer progression and epigenetic regulation), investigations into animal cancers are scarce. The current pilot-study therefore aimed at assessing PAD isozymes in a range of animal cancers across the phylogeny tree. In addition, the tissue samples were assessed for total protein deimination and histone H3 deimination (CitH3), which is strongly associated with human cancers and also indicative of gene regulatory changes and neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis). Cancers were selected from a range of vertebrate species: horse, cow, reindeer, sheep, pig, dog, cat, rabbit, mink, hamster, parrot, and duck. The cancers chosen included lymphoma, kidney, lung, testicular, neuroendocrine, anaplastic, papilloma, and granulosa cell tumour. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CitH3 was strongly detected in all of the cancers assessed, while pan-deimination detection was overall low. Both PAD2 and PAD3 were the most predominantly expressed PADs across all of the cancers assessed, while PAD1, PAD4, and PAD6 were overall expressed at lower, albeit varying, levels. The findings from this pilot study provide novel insights into PAD-mediated roles in different cancers across a range of vertebrate species and may aid in the understanding of cancer heterogeneity and cancer evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameel M. Inal
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK
| | - Mariya Hristova
- Perinatal Brain Repair Group, Department of Neonatology, UCL Institute for Women’s Health, London WC1E 6HU, UK
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)207-911-5000 (ext. 64832)
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33
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Tan Y, Liu Q, Li Z, Yang S, Cui L. Epigenetics-mediated pathological alternations and their potential in antiphospholipid syndrome diagnosis and therapy. Autoimmun Rev 2022; 21:103130. [PMID: 35690246 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
APS (antiphospholipid syndrome) is a systematic autoimmune disease accompanied with venous or arterial thrombosis and poor pregnant manifestations, partly attributing to the successive elevated aPL (antiphospholipid antibodies) and provoked prothrombotic and proinflammatory molecules production. Nowadays, most researches focus on the laboratory detection and clinic features of APS, but its precise etiology remains to be deeply explored. As we all know, the dysfunction of ECs (endothelial cells), monocytes, platelets, trophoblasts and neutrophils are key contributors to APS progression. Especially, their epigenetic variations, mainly including the promoter CpGs methylation, histone PTMs (post-translational modifications) and ncRNAs (noncoding RNAs), result in genes expression or silence engaged in inflammation initiation, thrombosis formation, autoimmune activation and APOs (adverse pregnancy outcomes) in APS. Given the potential of epigenetic markers serving as diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets of APS, and the encouraging advancements in epigenetic drugs are being made. In this review, we would systematically introduce the epigenetic underlying mechanisms for APS progression, comprehensively elucidate the functional mechanisms of epigenetics in boosting ECs, monocytes, platelets, trophoblasts and neutrophils. Lastly, the application of epigenetic alterations for probing novel diagnostic, specific therapeutic and prognostic strategies would be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhongxin Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liyan Cui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
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Vitkov L, Knopf J, Krunić J, Schauer C, Schoen J, Minnich B, Hannig M, Herrmann M. Periodontitis-Derived Dark-NETs in Severe Covid-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:872695. [PMID: 35493525 PMCID: PMC9039207 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.872695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequent severe COVID-19 course in patients with periodontitis suggests a link of the aetiopathogenesis of both diseases. The formation of intravascular neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is crucial to the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. Periodontitis is characterised by an increased level of circulating NETs, a propensity for increased NET formation, delayed NET clearance and low-grade endotoxemia (LGE). The latter has an enormous impact on innate immunity and susceptibility to infection with SARS-CoV-2. LPS binds the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and this complex, which is more active than unbound LPS, precipitates massive NET formation. Thus, circulating NET formation is the common denominator in both COVID-19 and periodontitis and other diseases with low-grade endotoxemia like diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) also increase the risk to develop severe COVID-19. Here we discuss the role of propensity for increased NET formation, DNase I deficiency and low-grade endotoxaemia in periodontitis as aggravating factors for the severe course of COVID-19 and possible strategies for the diminution of increased levels of circulating periodontitis-derived NETs in COVID-19 with periodontitis comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubomir Vitkov
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Department of Environment & Biodiversity, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Dental Pathology, University of East Sarajevo, East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jasmin Knopf
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jelena Krunić
- Department of Dental Pathology, University of East Sarajevo, East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Christine Schauer
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Janina Schoen
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Minnich
- Department of Environment & Biodiversity, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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35
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Kolman JP, Pagerols Raluy L, Müller I, Nikolaev VO, Trochimiuk M, Appl B, Wadehn H, Dücker CM, Stoll FD, Boettcher M, Reinshagen K, Trah J. NET Release of Long-Term Surviving Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2022; 13:815412. [PMID: 35242132 PMCID: PMC8887621 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.815412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)—as double-edged swords of innate immunity—are involved in numerous processes such as infection, inflammation and tissue repair. Research on neutrophil granulocytes is limited because of their short lifetime of only a few hours. Several attempts have been made to prolong the half-life of neutrophils using cytokines and bacterial products and have shown promising results. These long-term surviving neutrophils are reported to maintain phagocytic activity and cytokine release; however, little is known regarding their capability to release NETs. Methods We analysed the prolongation of neutrophil survival in vitro under various culture conditions using granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by flow cytometry and a viability assay. Additionally, we assessed NET formation following stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) by immunofluorescence staining, myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA sandwich-ELISA and fluorometric assays for cell-free DNA (cfDNA), neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Results Untreated neutrophils could form NETs after stimulation with PMA for up to 24 h. Incubation with LPS extended their ability to form NETs for up to 48 h. At 48 h, NET release of neutrophils cultured with LPS was significantly higher compared to that of untreated cells; however, no significantly different enzymatic activity of NE and MPO was observed. Similarly, incubation with G-CSF resulted in significantly higher NET release at 48 h compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, NETs showed significantly higher enzymatic activity of NE and MPO after incubation with G-CSF. Lastly, incubation with TNF-α had no influence on NET release compared to untreated cells although survival counts were altered by TNF-α. Conclusions G-CSF, LPS or TNF-α each at low concentrations lead to prolonged survival of cultured neutrophils, resulting in considerable differences in NET formation and composition. These results provide new information for the use of neutrophils in long-term experiments for NET formation and provide novel insights for neutrophil behaviour under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Kolman
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laia Pagerols Raluy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Müller
- Division of Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Trochimiuk
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Appl
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Wadehn
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Maria Dücker
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian David Stoll
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Boettcher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konrad Reinshagen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Trah
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Kremserová S, Kocurková A, Chorvátová M, Klinke A, Kubala L. Myeloperoxidase Deficiency Alters the Process of the Regulated Cell Death of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2022; 13:707085. [PMID: 35211113 PMCID: PMC8860816 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.707085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) play a key role in host defense. However, their massive accumulation at the site of inflammation can delay regenerative healing processes and can initiate pathological inflammatory processes. Thus, the efficient clearance of PMNs mediated by the induction of regulated cell death is a key process preventing the development of these pathological conditions. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a highly abundant enzyme in PMN granules, primarily connected with PMN defense machinery, is suggested to play a role in PMN-regulated cell death. However, the contribution of MPO to the mechanisms of PMN cell death remains incompletely characterized. Herein, the process of the cell death of mouse PMNs induced by three different stimuli – phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), opsonized streptococcus (OST), and N-formyl-met-leu-phe (fMLP) – was investigated. MPO-deficient PMNs revealed a significantly decreased rate of cell death characterized by phosphatidylserine surface exposure and cell membrane permeabilization. An inhibitor of MPO activity, 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide, did not exhibit a significant effect on PMA-induced cell death compared to MPO deficiency. Interestingly, only the limited activation of markers related to apoptotic cell death was observed (e.g. caspase 8 activation, Bax expression) and they mostly did not correspond to phosphatidylserine surface exposure. Furthermore, a marker characterizing autophagy, cleavage of LC3 protein, as well as histone H3 citrullination and its surface expression was observed. Collectively, the data show the ability of MPO to modulate the life span of PMNs primarily through the potentiation of cell membrane permeabilization and phosphatidylserine surface exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvie Kremserová
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czechia
| | - Anna Kocurková
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Michaela Chorvátová
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Anna Klinke
- Clinic of General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Agnes Wittenborg Institute of Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Lukáš Kubala
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
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37
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Zhu Y, Chen X, Liu X. NETosis and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in COVID-19: Immunothrombosis and Beyond. Front Immunol 2022; 13:838011. [PMID: 35309344 PMCID: PMC8924116 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.838011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, causes respiratory problems and multifaceted organ dysfunction. A crucial mechanism of COVID-19 immunopathy is the recruitment and activation of neutrophils at the infection site, which also predicts disease severity and poor outcomes. The release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), occurring during a regulated form of neutrophil cell death known as NETosis, is a key effector function that mediates harmful effects caused by neutrophils. Abundant NETosis and NET generation have been observed in the neutrophils of many COVID-19 patients, leading to unfavorable coagulopathy and immunothrombosis. Moreover, excessive NETosis and NET generation are now more widely recognized as mediators of additional pathophysiological abnormalities following SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this minireview, we introduce subtypes of NET-producing neutrophils (e.g., low-density granulocytes) and explain the biological importance of NETs and the protein cargos of NETs in COVID-19. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 causes NETosis by upregulating viral processes (e.g., viral entry and replication) as well as host pro-NET mechanisms (e.g., proinflammatory mediator release, platelet activation, and autoantibody production). Furthermore, we provide an update of the main findings of NETosis and NETs in immunothrombosis and other COVID-19-related disorders, such as aberrant immunity, neurological disorders, and post COVID-19 syndromes including lung fibrosis, neurological disorder, tumor progression, and deteriorated chronic illness. Finally, we address potential prospective COVID-19 treatment strategies that target dysregulated NETosis and NET formation via inhibition of NETosis and promotion of NET degradation, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Zhu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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38
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Vitkov L, Muñoz LE, Schoen J, Knopf J, Schauer C, Minnich B, Herrmann M, Hannig M. Neutrophils Orchestrate the Periodontal Pocket. Front Immunol 2021; 12:788766. [PMID: 34899756 PMCID: PMC8654349 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.788766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The subgingival biofilm attached to tooth surfaces triggers and maintains periodontitis. Previously, late-onset periodontitis has been considered a consequence of dysbiosis and a resultant polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis. However, a multitude of studies did not show "healthy" oral microbiota pattern, but a high diversity depending on culture, diets, regional differences, age, social state etc. These findings relativise the aetiological role of the dysbiosis in periodontitis. Furthermore, many late-onset periodontitis traits cannot be explained by dysbiosis; e.g. age-relatedness, attenuation by anti-ageing therapy, neutrophil hyper-responsiveness, and microbiota shifting by dysregulated immunity, yet point to the crucial role of dysregulated immunity and neutrophils in particular. Furthermore, patients with neutropenia and neutrophil defects inevitably develop early-onset periodontitis. Intra-gingivally injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone causes an exaggerated neutrophil response sufficient to precipitate experimental periodontitis. Vice versa to the surplus of LPS, the increased neutrophil responsiveness characteristic for late-onset periodontitis can effectuate gingiva damage likewise. The exaggerated neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) response in late-onset periodontitis is blameable for damage of gingival barrier, its penetration by bacteria and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) as well as stimulation of Th17 cells, resulting in further neutrophil activation. This identifies the dysregulated immunity as the main contributor to periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubomir Vitkov
- Vascular & Exercise Biology Unit, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Luis E. Muñoz
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Janina Schoen
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Knopf
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Schauer
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Minnich
- Vascular & Exercise Biology Unit, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Exercise Cuts Both Ways with ROS in Remodifying Innate and Adaptive Responses: Rewiring the Redox Mechanism of the Immune System during Exercise. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111846. [PMID: 34829717 PMCID: PMC8615250 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly all cellular functions depend on redox reactions, including those of immune cells. However, how redox reactions are rearranged to induce an immune response to the entry of pathogens into the host is a complex process. Understanding this scenario will facilitate identification of the roles of specific types of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the immune system. Although the detrimental effect of ROS could support the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system also requires a low level of ROS in order to stimulate various molecular functions. The requirements and functions of ROS vary in different cells, including immune cells. Thus, it is difficult to understand the specific ROS types and their targeting functions. Incomplete transfer of electrons to a specific target, along with failure of the antioxidant response, could result in oxidative-damage-related diseases, and oxidative damage is a common phenomenon in most immune disorders. Exercise is a noninvasive means of regulating ROS levels and antioxidant responses. Several studies have shown that exercise alone boosts immune functions independent of redox reactions. Here, we summarize how ROS target various signaling pathways of the immune system and its functions, along with the possible role of exercise in interfering with immune system signaling.
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Oliveira-Mendonça LS, de Sousa Lopes D, Bozzi A, Carvalho NO, Queiroz-Oliveira T, Santos Matos ME, de Carvalho AT, Castro-Gomes T, Mendes EA, Augusto DG, Bispo Sousa SM, Silva-Jardim I, Lima-Santos J. Inhibition of extracellular traps by spores of Trichoderma stromaticum on neutrophils obtained from human peripheral blood. Mol Immunol 2021; 141:43-52. [PMID: 34798497 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Although the genus Trichoderma is widely used as a biocontrol agent in crops, little is known about its potential impact on the human immune system. In mice, our group has shown that exposition to T. asperelloides spores lead to reduced neutrophil counts in the peripheral blood and in the peritoneal cavity. In addition, T. stromaticum spores produced an inflammatory infiltrate on mice lungs, reducing the levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and receptors of microbial patterns. Here we demonstrate that the interaction of human peripheral neutrophils with T. stromaticum spores also leads to a reduced release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) after induction with the NET-inducer agent phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. This interaction also reduced the expression levels of multiple microRNAs, such as miR-221, miR-222, miR-223 and miR-27a, as well as genes related to NETs, such as ELANE, MPO and PADI4. Furthermore, T. stromaticum spores affected the expression of the genes SOCS3, TLR4, CSNK2A1, GSDMD, and NFFKBIA, related to the activation of inflammatory immune responses in neutrophils. Overall, our results suggest T. stromaticum as a potential NET inhibitor and as an immunomodulatory agent. Since this fungus is used as biocontrol in crops, our findings point to the importance of advancing our knowledge on the effects of this bioagent on the human immune system. Finally, the study of the active compounds produced by the fungus is also important for the prospection of new drugs that could be used to block the exacerbation of inflammatory immune responses present in several human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adriana Bozzi
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Bahia, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto René Rachou - FIOCRUZ MINAS, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nani Oliveira Carvalho
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto René Rachou - FIOCRUZ MINAS, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thamires Queiroz-Oliveira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thiago Castro-Gomes
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Erica Araújo Mendes
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danillo G Augusto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | | | - Izaltina Silva-Jardim
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jane Lima-Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Bahia, Brazil.
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The Role of Protein SUMOylation in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Potential Target of New Drug Discovery and Development. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225700. [PMID: 34830854 PMCID: PMC8616375 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The small ubiquitin-like modifier is a highly conserved post-translational modification protein, mainly found in eukaryotes. Recently, studies have shown that SUMOylation promotes the development of liver cancer. This article summarises the recent literature on SUMOylation and Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The mechanism of SUMOs in liver cancer cells was described. It also shows the potential of SUMO as a therapeutic target for liver cancer. At the same time, this article also enumerates the practical application in clinical, developing progress and future direction of HCC in clinical practice. Abstract Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is a highly conserved post-translational modification protein, mainly found in eukaryotes. They are widely expressed in different tissues, including the liver. As an essential post-translational modification, SUMOylation is involved in many necessary regulations in cells. It plays a vital role in DNA repair, transcription regulation, protein stability and cell cycle progression. Increasing shreds of evidence show that SUMOylation is closely related to Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The high expression of SUMOs in the inflammatory hepatic tissue may lead to the carcinogenesis of HCC. At the same time, SUMOs will upregulate the proliferation and survival of HCC, migration, invasion and metastasis of HCC, tumour microenvironment as well as drug resistance. This study reviewed the role of SUMOylation in liver cancer. In addition, it also discussed natural compounds that modulate SUMO and target SUMO drugs in clinical trials. Considering the critical role of SUMO protein in the occurrence of HCC, the drug regulation of SUMOylation may become a potential target for treatment, prognostic monitoring and adjuvant chemotherapy of HCC.
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Cao W, Zhu MY, Lee SH, Lee SB, Kim HJ, Park BO, Yoon CH, Khadka D, Oh GS, Shim H, Kwak TH, So HS. Modulation of Cellular NAD + Attenuates Cancer-Associated Hypercoagulability and Thrombosis via the Inhibition of Tissue Factor and Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112085. [PMID: 34769515 PMCID: PMC8584923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated thrombosis is the second-leading cause of mortality in patients with cancer and presents a poor prognosis, with a lack of effective treatment strategies. NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) increases the cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels by accelerating the oxidation of NADH to NAD+, thus playing important roles in cellular homeostasis, energy metabolism, and inflammatory responses. Using a murine orthotopic 4T1 breast cancer model, in which multiple thrombi are generated in the lungs at the late stage of cancer development, we investigated the effects of regulating the cellular NAD+ levels on cancer-associated thrombosis. In this study, we show that dunnione (a strong substrate of NQO1) attenuates the prothrombotic state and lung thrombosis in tumor-bearing mice by inhibiting the expression of tissue factor and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Dunnione increases the cellular NAD+ levels in lung tissues of tumor-bearing mice to restore the declining sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activity, thus deacetylating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and preventing the overexpression of tissue factor in bronchial epithelial and vascular endothelial cells. In addition, we demonstrated that dunnione abolishes the ability of neutrophils to generate NETs by suppressing histone acetylation and NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity. Overall, our results reveal that the regulation of cellular NAD+ levels by pharmacological agents may inhibit pulmonary embolism in tumor-bearing mice, which may potentially be used as a viable therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wa Cao
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (W.C.); (M.-Y.Z.); (S.-H.L.); (S.-B.L.)
| | - Meng-Yu Zhu
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (W.C.); (M.-Y.Z.); (S.-H.L.); (S.-B.L.)
| | - Seung-Hoon Lee
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (W.C.); (M.-Y.Z.); (S.-H.L.); (S.-B.L.)
| | - Su-Bin Lee
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (W.C.); (M.-Y.Z.); (S.-H.L.); (S.-B.L.)
| | - Hyung-Jin Kim
- NADIANBIO Ltd., R201-1, Business Incubation Center, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (B.-O.P.); (C.-H.Y.); (D.K.); (G.-S.O.); (T.-H.K.)
| | - Byung-Ouk Park
- NADIANBIO Ltd., R201-1, Business Incubation Center, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (B.-O.P.); (C.-H.Y.); (D.K.); (G.-S.O.); (T.-H.K.)
| | - Cheol-Hwan Yoon
- NADIANBIO Ltd., R201-1, Business Incubation Center, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (B.-O.P.); (C.-H.Y.); (D.K.); (G.-S.O.); (T.-H.K.)
| | - Dipendra Khadka
- NADIANBIO Ltd., R201-1, Business Incubation Center, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (B.-O.P.); (C.-H.Y.); (D.K.); (G.-S.O.); (T.-H.K.)
| | - Gi-Su Oh
- NADIANBIO Ltd., R201-1, Business Incubation Center, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (B.-O.P.); (C.-H.Y.); (D.K.); (G.-S.O.); (T.-H.K.)
| | - Hyeok Shim
- Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea;
| | - Tae-Hwan Kwak
- NADIANBIO Ltd., R201-1, Business Incubation Center, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (B.-O.P.); (C.-H.Y.); (D.K.); (G.-S.O.); (T.-H.K.)
| | - Hong-Seob So
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea; (W.C.); (M.-Y.Z.); (S.-H.L.); (S.-B.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Perales S, Torres C, Jimenez-Luna C, Prados J, Martinez-Galan J, Sanchez-Manas JM, Caba O. Liquid biopsy approach to pancreatic cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1263-1287. [PMID: 34721766 PMCID: PMC8529923 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i10.1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) continues to pose a major clinical challenge. There has been little improvement in patient survival over the past few decades, and it is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer mortality by 2030. The dismal 5-year survival rate of less than 10% after the diagnosis is attributable to the lack of early symptoms, the absence of specific biomarkers for an early diagnosis, and the inadequacy of available chemotherapies. Most patients are diagnosed when the disease has already metastasized and cannot be treated. Cancer interception is vital, actively intervening in the malignization process before the development of a full-blown advanced tumor. An early diagnosis of PC has a dramatic impact on the survival of patients, and improved techniques are urgently needed to detect and evaluate this disease at an early stage. It is difficult to obtain tissue biopsies from the pancreas due to its anatomical position; however, liquid biopsies are readily available and can provide useful information for the diagnosis, prognosis, stratification, and follow-up of patients with PC and for the design of individually tailored treatments. The aim of this review was to provide an update of the latest advances in knowledge on the application of carbohydrates, proteins, cell-free nucleic acids, circulating tumor cells, metabolome compounds, exosomes, and platelets in blood as potential biomarkers for PC, focusing on their clinical relevance and potential for improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Perales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Carolina Torres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Cristina Jimenez-Luna
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain
| | - Jose Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain
| | - Joaquina Martinez-Galan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada 18011, Spain
| | | | - Octavio Caba
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain
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LaSalle TJ, Gonye ALK, Freeman SS, Kaplonek P, Gushterova I, Kays KR, Manakongtreecheep K, Tantivit J, Rojas-Lopez M, Russo BC, Sharma N, Thomas MF, Lavin-Parsons KM, Lilly BM, Mckaig BN, Charland NC, Khanna HK, Lodenstein CL, Margolin JD, Blaum EM, Lirofonis PB, Sonny A, Bhattacharyya RP, Parry BA, Goldberg MB, Alter G, Filbin MR, Villani AC, Hacohen N, Sade-Feldman M. Longitudinal characterization of circulating neutrophils uncovers distinct phenotypes associated with disease severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 34642692 DOI: 10.1101/2021.10.04.463121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple studies have identified an association between neutrophils and COVID-19 disease severity; however, the mechanistic basis of this association remains incompletely understood. Here we collected 781 longitudinal blood samples from 306 hospitalized COVID-19 + patients, 78 COVID-19 âˆ' acute respiratory distress syndrome patients, and 8 healthy controls, and performed bulk RNA-sequencing of enriched neutrophils, plasma proteomics, cfDNA measurements and high throughput antibody profiling assays to investigate the relationship between neutrophil states and disease severity or death. We identified dynamic switches between six distinct neutrophil subtypes using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) clustering. At days 3 and 7 post-hospitalization, patients with severe disease had an enrichment of a granulocytic myeloid derived suppressor cell-like state gene expression signature, while non-severe patients with resolved disease were enriched for a progenitor-like immature neutrophil state signature. Severe disease was associated with gene sets related to neutrophil degranulation, neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) signatures, distinct metabolic signatures, and enhanced neutrophil activation and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We found that the majority of patients had a transient interferon-stimulated gene signature upon presentation to the emergency department (ED) defined here as Day 0, regardless of disease severity, which persisted only in patients who subsequently died. Humoral responses were identified as potential drivers of neutrophil effector functions, as enhanced antibody-dependent neutrophil phagocytosis and reduced NETosis was associated with elevated SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG1-to-IgA1 ratios in plasma of severe patients who survived. In vitro experiments confirmed that while patient-derived IgG antibodies mostly drove neutrophil phagocytosis and ROS production in healthy donor neutrophils, patient-derived IgA antibodies induced a predominant NETosis response. Overall, our study demonstrates neutrophil dysregulation in severe COVID-19 and a potential role for IgA-dominant responses in driving neutrophil effector functions in severe disease and mortality.
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Kashir J, Ambia AR, Shafqat A, Sajid MR, AlKattan K, Yaqinuddin A. Scientific premise for the involvement of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:725-734. [PMID: 34467562 PMCID: PMC8667645 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5covr0621-320rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Following on from the devastating spread of COVID‐19, a major global priority has been the production, procurement, and distribution of effective vaccines to ensure that the global pandemic reaches an end. However, concerns were raised about worrying side effects, particularly the occurrence of thrombosis and thrombocytopenia after administration of the Oxford/AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson's Janssen COVID‐19 vaccine, in a phenomenon being termed vaccine‐induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). Similar to heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), this condition has been associated with the development of anti‐platelet factor 4 antibodies, purportedly leading to neutrophil‐platelet aggregate formation. Although thrombosis has also been a common association with COVID‐19, the precise molecular mechanisms governing its occurrence are yet to be established. Recently, increasing evidence highlights the NLRP3 (NOD‐like, leucine‐rich repeat domains, and pyrin domain‐containing protein) inflammasome complex along with IL‐1β and effete neutrophils producing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) through NETosis. Herein, we propose and discuss that perhaps the incidence of VITT may be due to inflammatory reactions mediated via IL‐1β/NLRP3 inflammasome activation and consequent overproduction of NETs, where similar autoimmune mechanisms are observed in HIT. We also discuss avenues by which such modalities could be treated to prevent the occurrence of adverse events and ensure vaccine rollouts remain safe and on target to end the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Kashir
- Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Areez Shafqat
- Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
As a basic biological phenomenon of cells, regulated cell death (RCD) has irreplaceable influence on the occurrence and development of many processes of life and diseases. RCD plays an important role in the stability of the homeostasis, the development of multiple systems and the evolution of organisms. Thus comprehensively understanding of RCD is undoubtedly helpful in the innovation of disease treatment. Recently, research on the underlying mechanisms of the major forms of RCD, such as apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, pyroptosis, paraptosis and neutrophils NETosis has made significant breakthroughs. In addition, the interconnections among them have attracted increasing attention from global scholars in the field of life sciences. Here, recent advances in RCD research field are discussed.
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Zhao N, Di B, Xu LL. The NLRP3 inflammasome and COVID-19: Activation, pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 61:2-15. [PMID: 34183243 PMCID: PMC8233448 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), exhibits a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, ranging from asymptomatic cases to severe pneumonia or even death. In severe COVID-19 cases, an increased level of proinflammatory cytokines has been observed in the bloodstream, forming the so-called “cytokine storm”. Generally, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation intensely induces cytokine production as an inflammatory response to viral infection. Therefore, the NLRP3 inflammasome can be a potential target for the treatment of COVID-19. Hence, this review first introduces the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome activation pathway. Second, we review the cellular/molecular mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by SARS-CoV-2 infection (e.g., viroporins, ion flux and the complement cascade). Furthermore, we describe the involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 (e.g., cytokine storm, respiratory manifestations, cardiovascular comorbidity and neurological symptoms). Finally, we also propose several promising inhibitors targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome, cytokine products and neutrophils to provide novel therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bin Di
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Li-Li Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Zhu D, Zhang Y, Wang S. Histone citrullination: a new target for tumors. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:90. [PMID: 34116679 PMCID: PMC8192683 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As the main protein components of chromatin, histones play central roles in gene regulation as spools of winding DNA. Histones are subject to various modifications, including phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, methylation, ubiquitination and citrullination, which affect gene transcription. Histone citrullination, a posttranscriptional modification catalyzed by peptidyl arginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes, is involved in human carcinogenesis. In this study, we highlighted the functions of histone citrullination in physiological regulation and tumors. Additionally, because histone citrullination involves forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), the relationship between NETs and tumors was illustrated. Finally, the clinical application of histone citrullination and PAD inhibitors was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.,Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China. .,Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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Ciliberti MG, Albenzio M, Claps S, Santillo A, Marino R, Caroprese M. NETosis of Peripheral Neutrophils Isolated From Dairy Cows Fed Olive Pomace. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:626314. [PMID: 33996961 PMCID: PMC8118642 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.626314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils represent primary mobile phagocytes recruited to the site of infection, and their functions are essential to enhance animals' health performance. Neutrophils have an essential role in innate immunity and are able to kill the pathogens via the synthesis of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The objective of the present work was the study of the in vitro NETosis of peripheral neutrophils isolated from dairy cows supplemented with olive pomace. Dairy cows (n = 16) balanced for parity (3.67 ± 1.5 for CON, 3.67 ± 1.9 for OP), milk yield (24.3 ± 4.5 kg d−1for CON and 24.9 ± 1.7 kg d−1 for OP), the number of days in milk (109 ± 83.5 for CON and 196 ± 51 for OP), and body weight (647 ± 44.3 kg for CON and 675 ± 70.7 kg for OP) were divided into two experimental groups fed with a control diet (CON) and supplemented with 6% of olive pomace (OP). Peripheral blood neutrophils were isolated and stimulated in vitro with phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA) as a marker for activation and reactivity of the neutrophils. After isolation, both the viability and CD11b expression were analyzed by flow cytometry. Both NETosis by neutrophil elastase-DNA complex system and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were evaluated by ELISA. The specific antibodies against MPO and citrullination of Histone-H1 were used for investigating NETosis by immunofluorescence microscopy. The neutrophil elastase-DNA complexes produced during NETosis and MPO activity of neutrophil extracts were affected by OP supplementation. Furthermore, results from immunofluorescence analysis of NETosis depicted a similar result found by ELISA showing a higher expression of MPO and citrullination of Histone-H1 in OP than the CON neutrophils. In addition, all data showed that the OP diet resulted in a better response of neutrophils to PMA stimulation than the CON diet, which did not support the neutrophils' responses to PMA stimulation. Our results demonstrated that OP supplementation can enhance the neutrophil function in dairy cows leading to udder defense and inflammation response especially when an immunosuppression state can occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Ciliberti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, and Engineering, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Marzia Albenzio
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, and Engineering, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Claps
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Bella Muro, Italy
| | - Antonella Santillo
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, and Engineering, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosaria Marino
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, and Engineering, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Caroprese
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, and Engineering, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Giam YH, Shoemark A, Chalmers JD. Neutrophil dysfunction in bronchiectasis: an emerging role for immunometabolism. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.03157-2020. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03157-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bronchiectasis is a heterogenous disease with multiple underlying causes. The pathophysiology is poorly understood but neutrophilic inflammation and dysfunctional killing of pathogens is believed to be key. There are, however, no licensed therapies for bronchiectasis that directly target neutrophilic inflammation. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of neutrophil dysfunction and therapeutic targeting in bronchiectasis. Immunometabolic reprogramming, a process through which inflammation changes inflammatory cell behaviour by altering intracellular metabolic pathways, is increasingly recognised across multiple inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Here, we show evidence that much of the neutrophil dysfunction observed in bronchiectasis is consistent with immunometabolic reprogramming. Previous attempts at developing therapies targeting neutrophils have focused on reducing neutrophil numbers, resulting in increased frequency of infections. New approaches are needed and we propose that targeting metabolism could theoretically reverse neutrophil dysfunction and dysregulated inflammation. As an exemplar, 5' adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation has already been shown to reverse phagocytic dysfunction and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in models of pulmonary disease. AMPK modulates multiple metabolic pathways, including glycolysis which is critical for energy generation in neutrophils. AMPK activators can reverse metabolic reprogramming and are already in clinical use and/or development. We propose the need for a new immunomodulatory approach, rather than an anti-inflammatory approach, to enhance bacterial clearance and reduce bronchiectasis disease severity.
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