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Quang C, Chung AW, Kemp TJ, Ratu T, Tuivaga E, Russell FM, Licciardi PV, Toh ZQ. Development of a human papillomavirus (HPV) multiplex immunoassay to profile HPV antibodies. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29732. [PMID: 38874202 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are considered the primary mechanism of vaccine-mediated protection against human papillomaviruses (HPV), the causative agent of cervical cancer. However, the minimum level of NAb needed for protection is currently unknown. The HPV pseudovirion-based neutralization assay (PBNA) is the gold standard method for assessing HPV antibody responses but is time-consuming and labor-intensive. With the development of higher valency HPV vaccines, alternative serological assays with the capacity for multiplexing would improve efficiency and output. Here we describe a multiplex bead-based immunoassay to characterize the antibody responses to the seven oncogenic HPV types (HPV16/18/31/33/45/52/58) contained in the current licensed nonavalent HPV vaccine. This assay can measure antibody isotypes and subclasses (total IgG, IgM, IgA1-2, IgG1-4), and can be adapted to measure other antibody features (e.g., Fc receptors) that contribute to vaccine immunity. When tested with serum samples from unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals, we found high concordance between HPV-specific IgG using this multiplex assay and NAbs measured with PBNA. Overall, this assay is high-throughput, sample-sparing, and time-saving, providing an alternative to existing assays for the measurement and characterization of HPV antibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau Quang
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Vaccine Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Troy J Kemp
- HPV Serology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Tupou Ratu
- Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Suva, Fiji
| | | | - Fiona M Russell
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Vaccine Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul V Licciardi
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Vaccine Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Zheng Q Toh
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Vaccine Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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2
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Tan JS, Jaffar Ali MNB, Gan BK, Tan WS. Next-generation viral nanoparticles for targeted delivery of therapeutics: Fundamentals, methods, biomedical applications, and challenges. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:955-978. [PMID: 37339432 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2228202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) are virus-based nanocarriers that have been studied extensively and intensively for biomedical applications. However, their clinical translation is relatively low compared to the predominating lipid-based nanoparticles. Therefore, this article describes the fundamentals, challenges, and solutions of the VNP-based platform, which will leverage the development of next-generation VNPs. AREAS COVERED Different types of VNPs and their biomedical applications are reviewed comprehensively. Strategies and approaches for cargo loading and targeted delivery of VNPs are examined thoroughly. The latest developments in controlled release of cargoes from VNPs and their mechanisms are highlighted too. The challenges faced by VNPs in biomedical applications are identified, and solutions are provided to overcome them. EXPERT OPINION In the development of next-generation VNPs for gene therapy, bioimaging and therapeutic deliveries, focus must be given to reduce their immunogenicity, and increase their stability in the circulatory system. Modular virus-like particles (VLPs) which are produced separately from their cargoes or ligands before all the components are coupled can speed up clinical trials and commercialization. In addition, removal of contaminants from VNPs, cargo delivery across the blood brain barrier (BBB), and targeting of VNPs to organelles intracellularly are challenges that will preoccupy researchers in this decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Sen Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Norizwan Bin Jaffar Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bee Koon Gan
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Siang Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Losada C, Samaha H, Scherer EM, Kazzi B, Khalil L, Ofotokun I, Rouphael N. Efficacy and Durability of Immune Response after Receipt of HPV Vaccines in People Living with HIV. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1067. [PMID: 37376456 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLH) experience higher rates of HPV infection as well as an increased risk of HPV-related disease, including malignancies. Although they are considered a high-priority group for HPV vaccination, there are limited data regarding the long-term immunogenicity and efficacy of HPV vaccines in this population. Seroconversion rates and geometric mean titers elicited by vaccination are lower in PLH compared to immunocompetent participants, especially in individuals with CD4 counts below 200 cells/mm3 and a detectable viral load. The significance of these differences is still unclear, as a correlate of protection has not been identified. Few studies have focused on demonstrating vaccine efficacy in PLH, with variable results depending on the age at vaccination and baseline seropositivity. Although waning humoral immunity for HPV seems to be more rapid in this population, there is evidence that suggests that seropositivity lasts at least 2-4 years following vaccination. Further research is needed to determine the differences between vaccine formulations and the impact of administrating additional doses on durability of immune protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Losada
- The Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA 30030, USA
| | - Hady Samaha
- The Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA 30030, USA
| | - Erin M Scherer
- The Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA 30030, USA
| | - Bahaa Kazzi
- The Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA 30030, USA
| | - Lana Khalil
- The Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA 30030, USA
| | - Ighovwerha Ofotokun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Nadine Rouphael
- The Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA 30030, USA
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Ismail M, Bai B, Guo J, Bai Y, Sajid Z, Muhammad SA, Shaikh RS. Experimental Validation of MHC Class I and II Peptide-Based Potential Vaccine Candidates for Human Papilloma Virus Using Sprague-Dawly Models. Molecules 2023; 28:1687. [PMID: 36838675 PMCID: PMC9968051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV) causes cervical and many other cancers. Recent trend in vaccine design is shifted toward epitope-based developments that are more specific, safe, and easy to produce. In this study, we predicted eight immunogenic peptides of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes (MHC class I and II as M1 and M2) including early proteins (E2 and E6), major (L1) and minor capsid protein (L2). Male and female Sprague Dawly rats in groups were immunized with each synthetic peptide. L1M1, L1M2, L2M1, and L2M2 induced significant immunogenic response compared to E2M1, E2M2, E6M1 and E6M2. We observed optimal titer of IgG antibodies (>1.25 g/L), interferon-γ (>64 ng/L), and granzyme-B (>40 pg/mL) compared to control at second booster dose (240 µg/500 µL). The induction of peptide-specific IgG antibodies in immunized rats indicates the T-cell dependent B-lymphocyte activation. A substantial CD4+ and CD8+ cell count was observed at 240 µg/500 µL. In male and female rats, CD8+ cell count for L1 and L2 peptide is 3000 and 3118, and CD4+ is 3369 and 3484 respectively compared to control. In conclusion, we demonstrated that L1M1, L1M2, L2M1, L2M2 are likely to contain potential epitopes for induction of immune responses supporting the feasibility of peptide-based vaccine development for HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Ismail
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Baogang Bai
- School of Information and Technology, Wenzhou Business College, Wenzhou 325015, China
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Medicine, Wenzhou 325000, China
- The 1st School of Medical, School of Information and Engineering, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Jinlei Guo
- School of Medical Engineering, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453513, China
| | - Yuhui Bai
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zureesha Sajid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Syed Aun Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Ulbricht C, Cao Y, Niesner RA, Hauser AE. In good times and in bad: How plasma cells resolve stress for a life-long union with the bone marrow. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1112922. [PMID: 37033993 PMCID: PMC10080396 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1112922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Ulbricht
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Immune Dynamics, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Immune Dynamics, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Raluca A. Niesner
- Biophysical Analysis, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Dynamic and Functional in vivo Imaging, Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja E. Hauser
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Immune Dynamics, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Anja E. Hauser,
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Nailescu C, Ermel AC, Shew ML. Human papillomavirus-related cancer risk for solid organ transplant recipients during adult life and early prevention strategies during childhood and adolescence. Pediatr Transplant 2022; 26:e14341. [PMID: 35808949 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Malignancies are among the top three causes of patient death in pediatric and adult kidney transplant (KT) recipients. Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, including KT individuals, experience more cancer compared with the general population, including human papillomavirus (HPV)-related anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. This article describes the epidemiology, pathophysiology and natural history of the HPV infection in both the general population and in SOT recipients, as well as its role in the development of HPV-related pre-cancerous lesions and cancers. Emphasis is given to the primary prevention strategy, HPV vaccination in SOT recipients, and its particularities compared with the general population. Secondary prevention strategies in SOT recipients are discussed and compared with the general population, highlighting cervical cancer screening needs within SOT populations. The article emphasizes how these primary and secondary HPV prevention strategies applied during childhood and adolescence by the pediatric transplant professionals, can lower the burden of HPV-related cancers for SOT recipients in subsequent years, during their adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Nailescu
- Section of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Aaron C Ermel
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Indiana University Health University Hospital, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Marcia L Shew
- Section of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Bei L, Zhang X, Meng D, Gao S, Jia J, Zhao D, Luo C, Li X, Qiu H, Xie L. Immunogenicity correlation in cynomolgus monkeys between Luminex-based total IgG immunoassay and pseudovirion-based neutralization assay for a 14-valent recombinant human papillomavirus vaccine. J Med Virol 2022; 94:3946-3955. [PMID: 35388509 PMCID: PMC9322417 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A new virus-like particle based vaccine covering 14 types of high-risk and disease-inducing human papillomavirus (HPV) can offer better coverage against HPV-induced diseases, particularly cervical cancers. However, the assessment of immunogenicity of the vaccine is an important task, representing not only its significant clinical characteristics, but also a major challenge, in terms of both the suitability of methods and the clinical sample testing throughput supporting clinical development. This work covers the development and evaluation of a method based on Luminex technology (a coded-bead and flow-cytometric approach) to assess the HPV-type specific total immunoglobulin G (IgG). This method can evaluate the antibodies in sera post immunization against multiple types of HPV simultaneously (i.e., with multiplexing capability), save time and cost, and improve test throughput with higher sensitivity and precision than the classical, plate-based enzyme-linked immunoassay and competitive Luminex-based immunoassays. Using cynomolgus monkeys as model, we demonstrated the good correlation between the results from the pseudovirion-based neutralization assay (PBNA), and the Luminex-based total IgG assay, supporting that the latter method can be considered as a viable, dependable replacement method for the PBNA supporting immunogenicity evaluation of HPV vaccine in preclinical development and clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bei
- School of Basic MedicineJiamusi UniversityJiamusiHeilongjiangChina
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and AntibodySinocelltech Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Dan Meng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and AntibodySinocelltech Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Shuman Gao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and AntibodySinocelltech Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Jilei Jia
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and AntibodySinocelltech Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and AntibodySinocelltech Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Chunxia Luo
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and AntibodySinocelltech Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and AntibodySinocelltech Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Hongbin Qiu
- School of Basic MedicineJiamusi UniversityJiamusiHeilongjiangChina
| | - Liangzhi Xie
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and AntibodySinocelltech Ltd.BeijingChina
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Brown DR, Castellsagué X, Ferris D, Garland SM, Huh W, Steben M, Wheeler CM, Saah A, Luxembourg A, Li S, Velicer C. Human papillomavirus seroprevalence and seroconversion following baseline detection of nine human papillomavirus types in young women. Tumour Virus Res 2022; 13:200236. [PMID: 35525430 PMCID: PMC9172167 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2022.200236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Estimates of the humoral immune response to incident human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are limited. Methods In this post hoc analysis of 3875 women aged 16–23 years from a 4-valent HPV vaccine trial (NCT00092482), HPV seroprevalence on day 1 was measured with a 9-valent HPV (HPV 6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) competitive Luminex immunoassay and compared with cervical/external genital HPV detection by polymerase chain reaction. In the control group, among women who were HPV DNA‒negative on day 1, seroconversion following initial HPV detection was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. Results Type-specific HPV seropositivity among women with no day 1 cervical/external genital HPV detection was 0.6%–3.6%. Women with any 9-valent HPV (9vHPV) cervical/external genital detection (796/3875; 20.5%) had concordant seropositivity ranging from 13.4% (HPV 45) to 38.5% (HPV 6). Among women in the control group who were negative for all HPV types on day 1, seroconversion by month 30 after initial detection ranged from 29% (HPV 45) to 75% (HPV 16). Conclusions Humoral immune response to HPV is variable and dynamic, depending on type-specific exposure. This longitudinal analysis provides insight into the relationship between incident infection and seropositivity. ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT00092482 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00092482. Research on humoral immune responses to HPV infection are limited. HPV-related serologic responses were analyzed in women aged 16–23 years. Type-specific HPV seropositivity was low in women without initial HPV DNA detection. Concordant seropositivity in women with any 9vHPV DNA detection ranged from 13% to 40%. Seroconversion to the same genotype within 30 months of an infection was common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darron R Brown
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Van Nuys Med Science Building, Suite 224, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Xavier Castellsagué
- Institut Catala D'Oncologia, IDIBELL, CIBERESP, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Granvia de L'Hospitalet 199-203, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08908, Spain
| | - Daron Ferris
- Clinica CerviCusco, Calle Los Saucos B-8-2, Larapa, Curco, Peru
| | - Suzanne M Garland
- Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Women's Hospital, Locked Bag 300
- Corner Grattan Street and Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Warner Huh
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama, 1700 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Marc Steben
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, 1851 East Sherbrooke Street, Montréal, Quebec, H2K 4L5, Canada
| | - Cosette M Wheeler
- Departments of Pathology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1201 Camino de Salud NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87102, USA
| | - Alfred Saah
- Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E Lincoln Ave, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | | | - Se Li
- Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E Lincoln Ave, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
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Nailescu C, Shew ML. Human papillomavirus infection-related cancer risk for kidney transplant recipients during adult life can be reduced by vaccination during childhood and adolescence. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1057454. [PMID: 36533243 PMCID: PMC9749905 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1057454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignancies are found between the first three reasons of mortality in pediatric and adult kidney transplant recipients, who overall have disproportionately higher rates of cancer compared to the general population, including human papillomavirus (HPV)-related genital, anal and oropharynx region cancers. Therefore, preventing HPV in this patient population is extremely important. HPV-vaccine was demonstrated to prevent HPV infection in individuals with intact immune systems. In addition, recent data reported less precancerous HPV lesions and cervical cancers with use of HPV vaccine. Since HPV is a sexually transmitted virus that is typically acquired shortly after the onset of sexual activity, it is best to administer the HPV vaccine immunization prior to the onset of sexual activity. This article reviews the epidemiology and pathophysiology of the HPV infection, as well as its role in the development of HPV-related pre-cancerous lesions and cancers in both general population and kidney transplant recipients. The focus is on the most effective primary prophylactic strategy, which is the HPV vaccination. The particularities of HPV vaccination strategies in kidney transplant recipients are compared to the general population. In addition, the article analyzes the various causes of suboptimal HPV immunization rates in kidney transplant candidates and recipients and discusses vaccination optimization strategies that can be applied during childhood and adolescence to reduce the burden of HPV-related disease states and cancer among adult kidney transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Nailescu
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Marcia L Shew
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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10
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Trevisan A, Wissing MD, Dagenais C, Forest P, Ramanakumar AV, Burchell AN, Franco EL, Coutlée F, Couillard M. Development and evaluation of a new non-competitive Luminex immunoassay detecting antibodies against human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16 and 18. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 34043499 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum antibody levels can be used to measure the humoral immune response against human papillomaviruses (HPV). We developed and validated a rapid, technically simple and relatively inexpensive multiplex non-competitive Luminex-based immunoassay (ncLIA) to measure total IgG antibody levels against four HPV types. For the assay's solid phase, virus-like particles (VLPs) of HPV6, 11, 16 and 18 were bound to heparin-coated beads. HPV serum antibody levels binding to the VLPs were quantified using a phycoerithrin-conjugated secondary polyclonal donkey anti-human IgG antibody. Standardization and validation of the ncLIA were performed using 96 paired serum and genital samples from participants in the HITCH cohort study, including young women (aged 18-24 years) and their male sexual partners (aged 18+) in Montreal, Canada. Results from the ncLIA were compared to a validated Luminex immunoassay from PPD laboratories using Pearson's correlation coefficients, receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic regression. Our assay had good inter- and intra-assay variability. The correlation of serum antibody levels between the ncLIA and validation assay was highest for HPV16 and HPV11 (r=0.90), followed by HPV6 (r=0.86) and HPV18 (r=0.67). The ncLIA was better able to predict HPV DNA positivity in genital samples than the validation assay for HPV16 [area under the curve (AUC) 0.65 versus 0.52, P=0.001] and HPV18 [AUC 0.71 versus 0.57, P=0.024]. AUCs for HPV6 and HPV11 were similar between the two assays (0.70 versus 0.71, P=0.59, and 0.88 versus 0.96, P=0.08, respectively). The developed ncLIA is useful for measuring total IgG antibody response following natural infection or vaccination against four HPV VLPs included in the quadrivalent vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Trevisan
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Institut national de santé publique Québec, 20045 Sainte-Marie Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada.,Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Université de Montréal, 3175 Côte Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel D Wissing
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, 5100 Boulevard de Maisonneuve West, Suite 720, Quebec H4A 3T2, Montreal, Canada
| | - Carole Dagenais
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Institut national de santé publique Québec, 20045 Sainte-Marie Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Forest
- Laboratoire de virologie moléculaire, centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis Street, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Agnihotram V Ramanakumar
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, 5100 Boulevard de Maisonneuve West, Suite 720, Quebec H4A 3T2, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ann N Burchell
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto M5B 1T8, Ontario
| | - Eduardo L Franco
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, 5100 Boulevard de Maisonneuve West, Suite 720, Quebec H4A 3T2, Montreal, Canada
| | - François Coutlée
- Laboratoire de virologie moléculaire, centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis Street, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Michel Couillard
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Institut national de santé publique Québec, 20045 Sainte-Marie Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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Palefsky JM, Poongulali S, Lensing S, Lee J, Da Costa M, Chein A, Beulah F, Murugavel KG, Kumarasamy N. AIDS Malignancy Consortium 054: Safety and Immunogenicity of the Quadrivalent Vaccine in Indian Women Living With HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2021; 87:875-881. [PMID: 33587509 PMCID: PMC9310671 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical cancer is a leading cause of death among Indian women. Indian women living with HIV (WLWH) may be at especially high risk. The quadrivalent HPV (qHPV) vaccine is effective in prevention of initial infection with HPV-6/11/16/18 in HIV-negative women. Little is known about previous exposure to HPV-6/11/16/18, safety, and immunogenicity of qHPV in Indian WLWH. METHODOLOGY One hundred fifty WLWH with different CD4 levels and HIV viral load (VL) were vaccinated at 0/2/6 months at CART-CRS-IDMC, Chennai, India. Serology was performed at weeks 0, 28, and 52 for HPV-6/11/16/18 using a competitive Luminex immunoassay and for HPV-16/18 using a pseudovirion-based neutralization assay. RESULTS Mean age was 30.8 years (range, 19-44 years). 71/87/73/81% of women were naive (sero-negative and DNA-negative) to HPV-6/11/16/18 at baseline, respectively. Among per-protocol women naive to HPV-6/11/16/18 at baseline, 100/99/99/90%, respectively, seroconverted at week 28 and 95/96/98/71% were sero-positive at week 52, respectively. Pseudovirion-based neutralization assay identified more seroconversion to HPV-18 than competitive Luminex immunoassay. There were no significant differences in the proportion seroconverting by baseline or nadir CD4 or HIV VL; however, there was a trend for increased proportion seroconverting to HPV-18 among women with higher baseline CD4 level (P = 0.052). There were no qHPV-related serious adverse events and no change in CD4 level or HIV VL among women on ART. CONCLUSIONS qHPV vaccine was safe and immunogenic in Indian WLWH. A high proportion were naive to HPV-6/11/16/18 and may benefit from vaccination although many were married and several years post-initiation of sexual activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M Palefsky
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Selvamuthu Poongulali
- Chennai Antiviral Research and Treatment Centre Clinical Research Site, CART-CRS-Infectious Diseases Medical Centre, VHS Chennai, India
| | - Shelly Lensing
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR; and YRGCARE Infectious Diseases Laboratory
| | - Jeannette Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR; and YRGCARE Infectious Diseases Laboratory
| | - Maria Da Costa
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Aung Chein
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Faith Beulah
- Chennai Antiviral Research and Treatment Centre Clinical Research Site, CART-CRS-Infectious Diseases Medical Centre, VHS Chennai, India
| | - K G Murugavel
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR; and YRGCARE Infectious Diseases Laboratory
| | - Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy
- Chennai Antiviral Research and Treatment Centre Clinical Research Site, CART-CRS-Infectious Diseases Medical Centre, VHS Chennai, India
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12
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Donken R, Dobson SRM, Marty KD, Cook D, Sauvageau C, Gilca V, Dionne M, McNeil S, Krajden M, Money D, Kellner J, Scheifele DW, Kollmann T, Bettinger JA, Liu S, Singer J, Naus M, Sadarangani M, Ogilvie GS. Immunogenicity of 2 and 3 Doses of the Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine up to 120 Months Postvaccination: Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 71:1022-1029. [PMID: 31617568 PMCID: PMC7428395 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several countries have implemented a 2-dose (2D) human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination schedule for adolescents based on immunobridging studies. We compared immunogenicity of 2D vs 3-dose (3D) schedules of the quadrivalent vaccine (4vHPV) up to 10 years after the first dose. Methods Girls aged 9–13 years were randomized to receive 2D or 3D and were compared with women aged 16–26 receiving 3D at day 1 and months 7, 24, and 120 after the first dose. Antibody levels for HPV6/11/16/18 were evaluated using the competitive Luminex immunoassay (cLIA) and total immunoglobulin G assay. Geometric mean titers (GMTs) and seropositivity rates were compared between the different groups at different time points. Noninferiority of GMT ratios was defined as the lower bound of the 2-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) being greater than 0.5. Kinetics of antibody titers over time among study groups were examined. Results At 120 months, data from 35 2D girls, 38 3D girls, and 30 3D women were used for analyses. cLIA seropositivity rates were above 95% for all HPV vaccine types and all schedules, except HPV18, with the lowest seropositivity observed among 3D women (60.0%; 95% CI, 40.6%–77.3%). GMT ratios (cLIA) for both 2D and 3D girls were noninferior to 3 doses in women for HPV6/11/16/18. Trends were comparable between assays. Conclusions GMTs for HPV6/11/16/18 after 2D or 3D of 4vHPV in girls were noninferior to 3D in adult women up to 120 months postvaccination. This study demonstrates long-term immunogenicity of the 2D HPV vaccine schedule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robine Donken
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Women's Health Research Institute, BC Women's Hospital and Health Service, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Simon R M Dobson
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kim D Marty
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Darrel Cook
- Public Health Laboratory, BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chantal Sauvageau
- Institut National de Sante Publique du Quebec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vladimir Gilca
- Institut National de Sante Publique du Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Dionne
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shelly McNeil
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Mel Krajden
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Public Health Laboratory, BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Deborah Money
- Women's Health Research Institute, BC Women's Hospital and Health Service, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James Kellner
- Alberta Children's Hospital Infectious Diseases Epidemiology & Vaccine Evaluation Team, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David W Scheifele
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tobias Kollmann
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julie A Bettinger
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shuzhen Liu
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joel Singer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Monika Naus
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Public Health Laboratory, BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Manish Sadarangani
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gina S Ogilvie
- Women's Health Research Institute, BC Women's Hospital and Health Service, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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13
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Mugo N, Eckert LO, Odero L, Gakuo S, Ngure K, Celum C, Baeten JM, Barnabas RV, Wald A. Antibody responses to prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine at 48 months among HIV-infected girls and boys ages 9-14 in Kenya, Africa. Vaccine 2021; 39:4751-4758. [PMID: 33485644 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES HIV infected children remain at increased risk of HPV associated malignancies as they initiate sexual activity. Though they mount a vigorous immune response to the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (QHPV-6, -11,-16, and -18; Gardasil®) vaccine, durability of the immune response is uncertain. We assessed antibody responses to HPV 6, -11, -16 and -18 for up to 48 months following administration of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in HIV-infected girls and boys ages 9-14 years in Kenya. DESIGN Of 178 girls and boys who had previously received three doses of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine, 176 enrolled into extended follow up for 4 years. HPV antibodies to -6, -11, -16 and -18 were measured at 24, 36 and 48 months after the first vaccine dose using the total immunoglobulin G immunoassay (IgG LIA). We evaluated the magnitude and trend in HPV vaccine response and the effect of plasma HIV-1 RNA on HPV vaccine response from month 24 to month 48 of follow up. RESULTS At re-enrollment, 24 months after initial vaccination, median age of participants was 14 years (range 11-17); 167 (95%) were receiving antiretroviral therapy and 110 (66%) had plasma HIV RNA < 40 copies/mL. The rate of HPV seropositivity at 48 months was 83% for HPV-6; 80% for HPV-11; 90% for HPV-16; and 77% for HPV-18. There was a plateau in mean log10 HPV-specific antibody titer between month 24 and 48. The mean log10 HPV-type specific antibody titer for children with undetectable HIV viral load (<40) at the time of vaccination consistently remained higher for the 48 months of follow up compared to children with detectable viral load. CONCLUSION Children with HIV infection may retain long term antibody response following HPV immunization. Further work to define whether HIV-infected children are protected from HPV acquisition with low levels of HPV antibodies is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Mugo
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Center for Clinical Research, Kenya; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Partners in Health Research and Development, Kenya.
| | - Linda O Eckert
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - Lydia Odero
- Partners in Health Research and Development, Kenya
| | | | - Kenneth Ngure
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Community Health, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
| | - Connie Celum
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Departments of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jared M Baeten
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Departments of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ruanne V Barnabas
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Departments of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna Wald
- Departments of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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14
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Toh ZQ, He L, Chen C, Huang A, Russell FM, Garland SM, Reyburn R, Ratu T, Tuivaga E, Frazer IH, Mulholland EK, Licciardi PV. Measurement of Human Papillomavirus-Specific Antibodies Using a Pseudovirion-Based ELISA Method. Front Immunol 2020; 11:585768. [PMID: 33193410 PMCID: PMC7655971 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.585768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are safe and effective in preventing HPV infection and cervical precancers. Neutralizing antibodies are thought to be the primary mechanism of protection for HPV vaccines, although the exact level required for protection has not been identified. Three common serological assays used in clinical trials to measure HPV antibodies are HPV pseudovirion-based neutralization assay (PBNA), competitive or total Luminex immunoassays (cLIA or LIA) and VLP-based enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). While PBNA is the gold-standard for measuring neutralizing antibodies (NAb), it is labor intensive. Luminex immunoassay and VLP-ELISA are rapid and high throughput, but their reagents and equipment can be difficult to source. Nevertheless, data generated from these assays generally correlate well with PBNA. Here, we described a simplified high-throughput PsV-based ELISA for HPV antibody measurement, to circumvent some of the limitations of existing assays. Using this assay, we were able to differentiate HPV-specific IgG and IgM, and found a strong correlation between HPV-specific IgG and NAb levels, as previously determined by PBNA. This assay platform is simpler and less time-consuming than PBNA. In addition, the materials can be readily produced and obtained commercially. This assay can be used as an alternative method to measure HPV antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Quan Toh
- New Vaccines, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura He
- New Vaccines, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine Chen
- New Vaccines, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Angela Huang
- New Vaccines, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Fiona M Russell
- New Vaccines, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Garland
- New Vaccines, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Regional WHO HPV Reference Laboratory, Centre Women's Infectious Diseases Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rita Reyburn
- New Vaccines, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tupou Ratu
- Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Suva, Fiji
| | - Evelyn Tuivaga
- Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Suva, Fiji
| | - Ian H Frazer
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - E Kim Mulholland
- New Vaccines, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul V Licciardi
- New Vaccines, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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15
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Chen Q, Zhao H, Yao X, Lin Z, Li J, Lin B, Wang R, Huang Y, Su Y, Wu T, Li C, Pan H, Huang S, Zhang J, Xia N. Comparing immunogenicity of the Escherichia coli-produced bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in females of different ages. Vaccine 2020; 38:6096-6102. [PMID: 32718817 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The safety and efficacy of a recently licensed Escherichia coli (E. coli)-produced bivalent HPV vaccine have been shown. Specific antibody levels are important indicators to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination. Therefore, we compared the immunogenicity of this HPV 16/18 vaccine in females of different ages in this study. METHODS Immunogenicity of the vaccine was analyzed in the per-protocol sets for immunogenicity (PPS-I) of a phase III trial and an immune-bridging trial. The serum samples were collected at month 0 and one month after the final dose (month 7) to assess the specific IgG antibody levels by ELISA. The seroconversion rates, geometric mean concentration (GMC), and geometric mean increase (GMI) were used to assess the immunogenicity of the test vaccine. The non-linear association of antibody levels with age was estimated via natural cubic splines and the Akaike information criterion was used to assess optimal model. RESULTS By combining the PPS-I data from the two trials, nearly all of the females seroconverted for both HPV types. In the 3-dose group, the GMC of IgG to both HPV types decreased with increasing age, especially in adolescent girls and young women. For HPV-16 and -18, the declining trend slowed down in women older than 32 and 35 years old, respectively. The GMI ranged from 648 to 80 for HPV-16 and from 218 to 42 for HPV-18. In the 2-dose group, the specific antibodies for HPV-16 and -18 peaked in girls aged 10 years with GMIs of 401 and 98, respectively, and then decreased with age. CONCLUSIONS The E. coli-produced bivalent HPV-16/18 vaccine induced specific antibody responses in females aged 9-45 years. The antibody levels were inversely associated with age, and the declining trends slowed down in women older than 32 or 35 years for HPV-16 and -18, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xingmei Yao
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhijie Lin
- Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company, Xiamen, Fujian 361022, China
| | - Juan Li
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bizhen Lin
- Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company, Xiamen, Fujian 361022, China
| | - Rui Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yue Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yingying Su
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Ting Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Changgui Li
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Huirong Pan
- Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company, Xiamen, Fujian 361022, China.
| | - Shoujie Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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16
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Mboumba Bouassa RS, Péré H, Jenabian MA, Veyer D, Meye JF, Touzé A, Bélec L. Natural and vaccine-induced B cell-derived systemic and mucosal humoral immunity to human papillomavirus. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2020; 18:579-607. [PMID: 32242472 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1750950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) are the causative agent of mucosal neoplasia. Both cervical, anal and oropharyngeal cancers incidence is constantly increasing, making the HPV infection, a significant worldwide concern. Together, the CD8+ T cytotoxic cell-mediated response and the HPV-specific antibody response control most of the HPV infections before the development of cancers.Areas covered: We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and identified 228 eligible studies from 1987 to 2019 which examines both naturally acquired and vaccine induced humoral immunity against HPV infection in female and male subjects from worldwide origin. Herein, we synthesize current knowledge on the features of systemic and mucosal humoral immunity against HPV. We discuss the issues of the balance between the viral clearance or the escape to the host immune response, the differences between natural and vaccine-induced HPV-specific antibodies and their neutralizing capability. We also discuss the protection afforded after natural infection or following prophylactic vaccination.Expert opinion: Understanding the antibody response induced by HPV infection has led to the design of first-generation prophylactic vaccines. Now, prophylactic vaccination induces protective and long-lasting antibody response which would also strengthened the natural moderate humoral response in people previously exposed to the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa
- Laboratoire De Virologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de virologie, Ecole Doctorale Régionale En Infectiologie Tropicale, Franceville, Gabon.,INSERM UMR U970 (Immunothérapie Et Traitement Anti-angiogénique En cancérologie), Paris Centre De Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Péré
- Laboratoire De Virologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR U970 (Immunothérapie Et Traitement Anti-angiogénique En cancérologie), Paris Centre De Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
- Département Des Sciences Biologiques Et Centre De Recherche BioMed, Université Du Québec À Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Veyer
- Laboratoire De Virologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Meye
- Service De Gynécologie Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Agondjé Et Faculté De Médecine De Libreville, Université Des Sciences De La Santé, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Antoine Touzé
- UMRINRA ISP 1282, Equipe Biologie Des Infections À Polyomavirus, Université De Tours, Tours, France
| | - Laurent Bélec
- Laboratoire De Virologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR U970 (Immunothérapie Et Traitement Anti-angiogénique En cancérologie), Paris Centre De Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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17
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Nailescu C, Nelson RD, Verghese PS, Twombley KE, Chishti AS, Mills M, Mahan JD, Slaven JE, Shew ML. Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Male and Female Adolescents Before and After Kidney Transplantation: A Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium Study. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:46. [PMID: 32154194 PMCID: PMC7045870 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Kidney transplant (KT) recipients have higher incidence of malignancies, including Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers. Thus, HPV vaccines may have an important role in preventing HPV-related disease in this population; however, immunogenicity and safety data are lacking. Objective: To examine the immunological response and tolerability to HPV vaccination in pediatric KT recipients compared to future KT candidates. Methods: The quadrivalent HPV vaccine was administered to girls and boys age 9-18 recruited from seven centers part of the Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium. Subjects were recruited for three groups: (1) CKD: chronic kidney disease stages 3, 4, and 5 not on dialysis; (2) Dialysis; (3) KT recipients. The outcome consisted of antibody concentrations against HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18. Geometric mean titers (GMTs) and seroconversion rates were compared. Vaccine tolerability was assessed. Results: Sixty-five participants were recruited: 18 in the CKD, 18 in the dialysis, and 29 into the KT groups. KT patients had significantly lower GMTs after vaccination for all serotypes. The percentages of subjects who reached seroconversion were overall lower for the KT group, reaching statistical significance for HPV 6, 11, and 18. Comparing immunosuppressed subjects (anyone taking immunosuppression medications, whether KT recipient or not) with the non-immunosuppressed participants, the former had significantly lower GMTs for all the HPV serotypes and lower seroconversion rates for HPV 6, 11, and 18. KT females had higher GMTs and seroconversion rates for certain serotypes. There were no adverse events in either group. Conclusions: HPV vaccine was well-tolerated in this population. Pediatric KT recipients had in general lower GMTs and seroconversion rates compared to their peers with CKD or on dialysis. Immunosuppression played a role in the lack of seroconversion. Our results emphasize the importance of advocating for HPV vaccination prior to KT and acknowledge its safety post transplantation. Future studies are needed to investigate the effect of a supplemental dose of HPV vaccine in KT recipients who do not seroconvert and to evaluate the long-term persistence of antibodies post-KT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Nailescu
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Raoul D Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Priya S Verghese
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Katherine E Twombley
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina Children's Hospital, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Aftab S Chishti
- Department of Pediatrics, Kentucky Children's Hospital, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Michele Mills
- Department of Pediatrics, C. S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - John D Mahan
- Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - James E Slaven
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Marcia L Shew
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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18
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MacIntyre CR, Shaw PJ, Mackie FE, Boros C, Marshall H, Seale H, Kennedy SE, Moa A, Chughtai AA, Trent M, O'Loughlin EV, Stormon M. Long term follow up of persistence of immunity following quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in immunocompromised children. Vaccine 2019; 37:5630-5636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Abstract
Data regarding humoral immunity against HPV infection are scarce. Most analyses focus on the identification of viruses on mucous membranes and primarily refer to women of reproductive age. The aim of this work was to estimate the seroprevalence of antibodies against HPV serotypes 6, 11, 16 and 18 among unvaccinated boys living in Mexico City. A cross-sectional study of 257 male students from 48 public primary schools in Mexico City, whose ages fluctuated between 9 and 14 years, was carried out. Immunological status was assessed by applying the competitive Luminex Immunoassay of HPV (cLIA). Among the study population, we initially found that 38.52% (n = 99) of the children tested positive against one or more of the HPV 6, 11, 16 and/or 18 serotypes. The most commonly found serotype was isolated HPV 18 or in combination with other serotypes (22% and 31%, respectively), followed by HPV 6 with frequencies of 4.7% and 11%, respectively; however, lower frequencies were estimated for HPV 16 (2%; 6%) and isolated HPV 11, 4%. If a second set of cut-off points for seropositivity is applied, the overall prevalence for any serotype is reduced to 15.2%. As it appears that a significant sector of the study population has had basal contact with an HPV serotype, we recommend considering the possibility of vaccination against HPV at earlier ages.
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20
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Vaccinations in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:579-591. [PMID: 29671067 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-3953-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric kidney transplant (KT) candidates should be fully immunized according to routine childhood schedules using age-appropriate guidelines. Unfortunately, vaccination rates in KT candidates remain suboptimal. With the exception of influenza vaccine, vaccination after transplantation should be delayed 3-6 months to maximize immunogenicity. While most vaccinations in the KT recipient are administered by primary care physicians, there are specific schedule alterations in the cases of influenza, hepatitis B, pneumococcal, and meningococcal vaccinations; consequently, these vaccines are usually administered by transplant physicians. This article will focus on those deviations from the normal vaccine schedule important in the care of pediatric KT recipients. The article will also review human papillomavirus vaccine due to its special importance in cancer prevention. Live vaccines are generally contraindicated in KT recipients. However, we present a brief review of live vaccines in organ transplant recipients, as there is evidence that certain live virus vaccines may be safe and effective in select groups. Lastly, we review vaccination of pediatric KT recipients prior to international travel.
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Ellsworth GB, Lensing SY, Ogilvie CB, Lee JY, Goldstone SE, Berry-Lawhorn JM, Jay N, Stier EA, Logan JS, Einstein MH, Saah A, Mitsuyasu RT, Aboulafia D, Palefsky JM, Wilkin TJ. A delayed dose of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine demonstrates immune memory in HIV-1-infected men. PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 6:11-14. [PMID: 29807211 PMCID: PMC6121157 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- HIV Infections/complications
- HIV Infections/immunology
- Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent, Types 6, 11, 16, 18/administration & dosage
- Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent, Types 6, 11, 16, 18/immunology
- Humans
- Immunologic Memory
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Papillomavirus Infections/immunology
- Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Ellsworth
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medical College, 53W 23rd St, 6th Fl, New York, NY 10023, USA
| | - S Y Lensing
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | - C B Ogilvie
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, USA
| | - J Y Lee
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | | | | | - N Jay
- University of California at San Francisco, USA
| | - E A Stier
- Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - M H Einstein
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, New York City, USA
| | - A Saah
- Merck Laboratories, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA
| | | | - D Aboulafia
- Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Hematology, University of Washington, USA
| | | | - T J Wilkin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medical College, 53W 23rd St, 6th Fl, New York, NY 10023, USA.
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Widdice LE, Bernstein DI. Author Response to Letter: Will increasing dosing intervals decrease the loss of anti-HPV seropositivity over time? Vaccine 2018; 36:4967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Mok CC, Ho LY, To CH. Long-term immunogenicity of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in systemic lupus erythematosus. Vaccine 2018; 36:3301-3307. [PMID: 29699792 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the 5-year immunogenicity of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (GARDASIL) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Female SLE patients and controls, aged 18-35 years, who received GARDASIL in 2011 and sero-converted 12 months post-vaccination were followed for persistence of immunogenicity. Antibody measurement to HPV serotypes 6, 11, 16, 18 was repeated at 5 years. The rate of sero-reversion was compared between patients and controls, and factors associated with sero-reversion of the anti-HPV antibodies were studied. RESULTS 50 SLE patients and 50 controls were vaccinated with GARDASIL. Among subjects who sero-converted at 1 year and consented for this study, antibodies to HPV serotypes 6, 11, 16 and 18 at 5 years were persistent in 24/27 (89%), 26/31 (84%), 32/34 (94%) and 24/25 (96%) of the SLE patients; and 32/33 (97%), 32/33 (97%), 32/32 (100%) and 23/24 (96%) of the controls, respectively. Antibody titers to HPV-6 and 16 were significantly lower in patients than controls. Seven (21%) SLE patients had sero-reversion of ≥1 anti-HPV antibodies. Sero-reverted patients experienced significantly more SLE flares, particularly renal, and had received significantly higher cumulative doses of prednisolone, mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus than those with persistent immunogenicity. The cumulative doses of prednisolone correlated inversely and significantly with the anti-HPV 6, 11, and 16 titers at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS Immunogenicity of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine was retained in a high proportion of SLE patients at 5 year. Patients with more SLE renal flares and had received more immunosuppression were more likely to have sero-reversion of the anti-HPV antibodies. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER US ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00911521 & NCT02477254).
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Mok
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong.
| | - L Y Ho
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C H To
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong
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24
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Huang T, Liu Y, Li Y, Liao Y, Shou Q, Zheng M, Liao X, Li R. Evaluation on the persistence of anti-HPV immune responses to the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in Chinese females and males: Up to 3.5 years of follow-up. Vaccine 2018; 36:1368-1374. [PMID: 29428178 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This was an extension study of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled immunogenicity and safety study of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (qHPV) (HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18) vaccine conducted in Chinese female subjects aged 9-45 years and male subjects aged 9-15 years. To investigate the persistence of anti-HPV 6, -11, -16, and -18 responses among Chinese subjects, subjects enrolled in the base study were followed up at around month 42 (approximately 3.5 years after vaccination). METHODS Among 600 subjects enrolled in the base study, a total of 468 subjects consented for participation in the extension study. Anti-HPV 6, -11, -16, and -18 antibodies were detected by the competitive Luminex immunoassay (cLIA) and total IgG Luminex immunoassay (IgG LIA). RESULTS Among the female subjects who received the qHPV vaccine, the proportions of subjects remained seropositive were high with both the cLIA and IgG LIA for HPV type 6, 11, and 16 through approximately 42 months following the first dose vaccination. For HPV 18, the seropositivity rate remained high as 82.0% with the IgG LIA, while it decreased to 53.6% with the cLIA, which was similar to the findings observed in other studies. The seropositivity rates remained high at month 42 for all qHPV types with both the cLIA and IgG LIA among the male subjects. CONCLUSIONS Administration of a 3-dose regimen of qHPV vaccine induces durable anti-HPV 6, anti-HPV 11, anti-HPV 16, and anti-HPV 18 responses among Chinese subjects for at least 3.5 years after vaccination. ClinicalTrials.gov registry:NCT01427777.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Huang
- Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #18 Jin Zhou Road, Nanning 530028, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Youping Liu
- Wuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #3 Chun Hu Road, Wuzhou 543002, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yanping Li
- Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #18 Jin Zhou Road, Nanning 530028, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yuqin Liao
- MSD R&D (China) Co., Ltd., #21 Rong Da Road, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Qiong Shou
- MSD R&D (China) Co., Ltd., #21 Rong Da Road, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Minghuan Zheng
- MSD R&D (China) Co., Ltd., #21 Rong Da Road, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Xueyan Liao
- MSD R&D (China) Co., Ltd., #21 Rong Da Road, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Rongcheng Li
- Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #18 Jin Zhou Road, Nanning 530028, Guangxi, PR China.
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25
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Hurwitz JL, Bonsignori M. Multi-Envelope HIV-1 Vaccine Development: Two Targeted Immune Pathways, One Desired Protective Outcome. Viral Immunol 2018; 31:124-132. [PMID: 29315059 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2017.0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2016, there were more than 30 million individuals living with HIV-1, ∼1.8 million new HIV-1 infections, and ∼1 million HIV-1-related deaths according to UNAIDS ( unaids.org ). Hence, a preventive HIV-1 vaccine remains a global priority. The variant envelopes of HIV-1 present a significant obstacle to vaccine development and the vaccine field has realized that immunization with a single HIV-1 envelope protein will not be sufficient to generate broadly neutralizing antibodies. Here we describe two nonmutually exclusive, targeted pathways with which a multi-envelope HIV-1 vaccine may generate protective immune responses against variant HIV-1. Pathways include (i) the induction of a polyclonal immune response, comprising a plethora of antibodies with subset-reactive and cross-reactive specificities, together able to neutralize diverse HIV-1 (termed Poly-nAb in this report) and (ii) the induction of one or a few monoclonal antibodies, each with a broadly neutralizing specificity (bnAb). With each pathway in mind, we describe challenges and strategies that may ultimately support HIV-1 vaccine success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia L Hurwitz
- 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee.,2 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Mattia Bonsignori
- 3 Duke Human Vaccine Institute , Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,4 Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
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26
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Abstract
HPV L1 virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines administered in a prime/boost series of three injections over six months have demonstrated remarkable prophylactic efficacy in clinical trials and effectiveness in national immunization programs with high rates of coverage. There is mounting evidence that the vaccines have similar efficacy and effectiveness even when administered in a single dose. The unexpected potency of one dose of these VLP vaccines may largely be attributed to structural features of the particles, which lead to the efficient generation of long-lived antigen-specific antibody-producing cells and unique features of the virus life cycle that make the HPV virions highly susceptible to antibody-mediated inhibition of infection.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Female
- Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent, Types 6, 11, 16, 18/administration & dosage
- Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent, Types 6, 11, 16, 18/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Immunization Schedule
- Mass Vaccination
- Mice
- Papillomaviridae/immunology
- Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control
- Papillomavirus Infections/therapy
- Papillomavirus Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Papillomavirus Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis/methods
- Program Evaluation
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/therapeutic use
- Virion/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- John Schiller
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Doug Lowy
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
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27
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Ferris DG, Samakoses R, Block SL, Lazcano-Ponce E, Restrepo JA, Mehlsen J, Chatterjee A, Iversen OE, Joshi A, Chu JL, Krick AL, Saah A, Das R. 4-Valent Human Papillomavirus (4vHPV) Vaccine in Preadolescents and Adolescents After 10 Years. Pediatrics 2017; 140:peds.2016-3947. [PMID: 29167376 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-3947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We describe the final 10-year data for the long-term follow-up study of the 4-valent human papillomavirus (4vHPV) vaccine in preadolescents and adolescents. METHODS In the base study (V501-018), 1661 sexually inactive boys and girls received the 4vHPV vaccine (early vaccination group [EVG], managed for 9.9 years) or a placebo at day 1, month 2, and month 6. Thereafter, at month 30, the placebo group (catch-up vaccination group [CVG], managed for 7.4 years) received the 4vHPV vaccine by using the same dosing schedule. Long-term anti-HPV type 6, 11, 16, and 18 immune responses were assessed. Effectiveness was estimated by calculating the incidence rate of the primary endpoints (HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18-related disease or persistent infection). RESULTS For HPV types 6, 11, and 16, 89% to 96% of subjects remained seropositive through 10-years postvaccination. The preadolescents had 38% to 65% higher geometric mean titers at month 7, which remained 16% to 42% higher at 10 years compared with adolescents. No cases of HPV type 6, 11, 16, and 18-related diseases were observed. Ten subjects had a persistent infection of ≥6 months duration with vaccine-type HPV and 2 subjects had persistent infection for ≥12 months. No new serious adverse events were reported through 10 years. CONCLUSIONS A 3-dose regimen of the 4vHPV vaccine was immunogenic, clinically effective, and generally well tolerated in preadolescents and adolescents during 10 years of follow-up. These long-term findings support efforts to vaccinate this population against HPV before exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daron G Ferris
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | | | - Stanley L Block
- Kentucky Pediatric and Adult Research Inc, Bardstown, Kentucky
| | - Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Jesper Mehlsen
- Coordinating Research Centre, Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Archana Chatterjee
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota and Sanford Children's Specialty Clinics, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Ole-Erik Iversen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen and Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; and
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28
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Ramondetta L. Response to Harper and De Mars, HPV vaccines: A review of the first decade. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2017; 22:113-114. [PMID: 29296654 PMCID: PMC5741802 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lois Ramondetta
- Gynecologic Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Lyndon Baines Johnson Hospital, Harris Health System, Houston, TX, USA
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29
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Antibody persistence and evidence of immune memory at 5 years following administration of the 9-valent HPV vaccine. Vaccine 2017; 35:5050-5057. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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30
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Pouyanfard S, Müller M. Human papillomavirus first and second generation vaccines-current status and future directions. Biol Chem 2017; 398:871-889. [PMID: 28328521 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2017-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been more than 10 years that the first prophylactic papillomavirus vaccine became available, although distribution has been mainly limited to the more affluent countries. The first two vaccines have been a great success, hundreds of millions of women and a much smaller number of men have been vaccinated ever since. In a few countries with high vaccination coverage, in particular Australia but also parts of Great Britain and others, clinical impact of vaccination programs is already visible and there are indications for herd immunity as well. Vaccine efficacy is higher than originally estimated and the vaccines have an excellent safety profile. Gardasil9 is a second generation HPV virus-like particle vaccine that was licensed in 2015 and there are more to come in the near future. Currently, burning questions in respect to HPV vaccination are the duration of protection - especially in regard to cross-protection - reduction of the three-dose regimen and its impact on cross-protection; and duration of response, as well as protection against oropharyngeal HPV infections. Furthermore, researchers are seeking to overcome limitations of the VLP vaccines, namely low thermal stability, cost, invasive administration, limited coverage of non-vaccine HPV types, and lack of therapeutic efficacy. In this review we summarize the current status of licensed VLP vaccines and address questions related to second and third generation HPV vaccines.
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31
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Brief Report: Antibody Responses to Quadrivalent HPV Vaccination in HIV-Infected Young Women as Measured by Total IgG and Competitive Luminex Immunoassay. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2017; 75:241-245. [PMID: 28291048 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We compared antibody responses of HIV-infected young women to the human papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 11, 16, and 18 vaccine using total immunoglobulin (Ig) G Luminex immunoassay (LIA) and competitive Luminex immunoassay (cLIA) assays. HPV18 seropositivity after HPV vaccination as measured with IgG LIA remained high (98%) 48 weeks after vaccination, in contrast with seropositivity as measured with cLIA (73%). Seropositivity rates at week 48 as measured by both IgG LIA and cLIA remained high for HPV6, 11, and 16 (93.5%-100%). These results suggest that the lower rate of seropositivity to HPV18 when cLIA vs. IgG LIA is used is a function of the assay and does not imply lower vaccine immunogenicity.
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32
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Sealy RE, Hurwitz JL. Short Communication: Parallel Analyses of Systemic and Local Vaccinations with Envelope Formulated in Adjuvant for Induction of HIV-Specific Antibodies in the Vaginal Mucosa. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2017; 33:424-427. [PMID: 27825246 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2016.0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To prevent HIV-1 infections in females, vaccines that elicit antibodies in vaginal secretions are much desired. To induce these antibodies, intravaginal vaccinations are sometimes recommended. However, the benefit of intravaginal vaccination remains a topic of debate, and parallel studies of intravaginal and intramuscular vaccination routes are rarely performed. Here we describe tests of mucosal and systemic antibodies after mouse vaccinations by several routes with HIV-1 envelope protein formulated in adjuvant. Response magnitudes were as follows: intraperitoneal > intramuscular = intravaginal tissue ≥ subcutaneous. We found that the well-accepted and logistically feasible intramuscular immunization was similar to intravaginal tissue immunization for the induction of antibodies in blood and vaginal secretions. Results suggest that a routine comparison of intravaginal and intramuscular immunizations may serve as a beneficial gatekeeper for the development of new intravaginal HIV-1 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E. Sealy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Julia L. Hurwitz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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33
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Zhu Y, Wang Y, Hirschhorn J, Welsh KJ, Zhao Z, Davis MR, Feldman S. Human Papillomavirus and Its Testing Assays, Cervical Cancer Screening, and Vaccination. Adv Clin Chem 2017. [PMID: 28629588 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) was found to be the causative agent for cervical cancer in the 1980s with almost 100% of cervical cancer cases testing positive for HPV. Since then, many studies have been conducted to elucidate the molecular basis of HPV, the mechanisms of carcinogenesis of the virus, and the risk factors for HPV infection. Traditionally, the Papanicolaou test was the primary screening method for cervical cancer. Because of the discovery and evolving understanding of the role of HPV in cervical dysplasia, HPV testing has been recommended as a new method for cervical cancer screening by major professional organizations including the American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and the American Society for Clinical Pathology. In order to detect HPV infections, many sensitive and specific HPV assays have been developed and used clinically. Different HPV assays with various principles have shown their unique advantages and limitations. In response to a clear causative relationship between high-risk HPV and cervical cancer, HPV vaccines have been developed which utilize virus-like particles to create an antibody response for the prevention of HPV infection. The vaccines have been shown in long-term follow-up studies to be effective for up to 8 years; however, how this may impact screening for vaccinated women remains uncertain. In this chapter, we will review the molecular basis of HPV, its pathogenesis, and the epidemiology of HPV infection and associated cervical cancer, discuss the methods of currently available HPV testing assays as well as recent guidelines for HPV screening, and introduce HPV vaccines as well as their impact on cervical cancer screening and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Zhu
- Pennsylvania State University Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States.
| | - Yun Wang
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Julie Hirschhorn
- Pennsylvania State University Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Kerry J Welsh
- National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Zhen Zhao
- National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michelle R Davis
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah Feldman
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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34
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Levin MJ, Huang S, Moscicki AB, Song LY, Read JS, Meyer WA, Saah AJ, Richardson K, Weinberg A. Four-year persistence of type-specific immunity after quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination in HIV-infected children: Effect of a fourth dose of vaccine. Vaccine 2017; 35:1712-1720. [PMID: 28238631 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although HIV-infected children are recommended to receive quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (QHPV) there is limited information on their response to QHPV. This study in HIV-infected children, evaluated the magnitude and duration of immune responses to QHPV. This report describes type-specific serum antibody responses over a 4-to-5year period after either 3 or 4 doses of QHPV. DESIGN/METHODS HIV-infected children, ages 7-to-11years, received 3 doses of QHPV (n=96) or placebo (n=30). At 72weeks QHPV recipients received a fourth dose (n=84), while placebo recipients began the 3-dose QHPV schedule (n=27). HPV serotype-specific antibody was determined, by competitive Luminex immunoassay (cLIA) and IgG Luminex immunoassay, at 2, 3.5, and 4-to-5years after the last dose of QHPV in each treatment arm. RESULTS At 4-to-5years after the last dose of QHPV, antibody titers were significantly higher in 4-dose than in 3-dose group. However, the proportion of vaccinees with a seroresponse in the cLIA assay was not different between the two groups (86-93% for HPV types 6, 11, and 16, and 64% for HPV type 18). These results were very similar to the seroresponse rate in these HIV-infected children at 1month after completing vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Children with well-controlled HIV infection who receive 3 doses of the QHPV vaccine maintain seropositivity and antibody levels that are generally similar to children of the same age who are not HIV-infected. Antibody titer correlated strongly with low log HIV RNA, low CD8%, and high CD4%. Additionally, a fourth dose of vaccine in HIV-infected children produces a marked rise in antibody characteristic of an anamnestic response and persistence of high antibody levels. Study identification: IMPAACT P1085 (V501-021). CLINICALTRIALS.GOV identifier: NCT01206556.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myron J Levin
- Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
| | - Sharon Huang
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Anna-Barbara Moscicki
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 19954, United States
| | - Lin-Ye Song
- Formerly Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Office of Science, Food & Drug Administration; Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Jennifer S Read
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Kelly Richardson
- Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Adriana Weinberg
- Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, and Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
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Endo F, Tabata T, Sadato D, Kawamura M, Ando N, Oboki K, Ukaji M, Kobayashi K, Kobayashi Y, Ikeda T, Shibasaki F. Development of a simple and quick immunochromatography method for detection of anti-HPV-16/-18 antibodies. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171314. [PMID: 28158224 PMCID: PMC5291722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunochromatography (IC) is widely used to detect target molecules in biological fluids. Since this method can be performed without a special technique or device, IC is a convenient way to assess the existence of antibodies or pathogens such as viruses and bacteria, simply and quickly. In this study, we established an IC method to detect serum antibodies against oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 and HPV-18 L1 proteins using recombinant L1 proteins produced by silkworms as antigens. Infection of oncogenic HPVs is a major risk factor of cervical cancer, which is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. We first measured blood sera of two groups by magnetic beads enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MB-ELISA). For the first group, sera were collected prospectively from young women who planned to receive HPV vaccination. The second group consisted of children under 20 years of age, non-vaccinated healthy women, vaccinated healthy women, dysplasia, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia III, and cervical cancer patients. We confirmed that standard vaccination doses significantly increased serum HPV antibody concentrations, and the level was sustained at least more than 30 months after vaccination. In contrast, an increase in antibody concentration was not observed in patients with precancerous cervical changes and cervical cancer. We next measured the samples in both groups using the IC method we originally developed, and found that the measurement values of IC highly correlated with those of MB-ELISA. The simple and quick IC method would be a useful tool for rapid monitoring of L1 specific antibody levels in a non-laboratory environment. With less than one drop of serum, our IC can easily detect serum HPV-16/-18 antibodies within 15 minutes, without the need for electronic devices or techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Endo
- Department of Molecular Medical Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kami-Kitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tabata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mie University, 2–174 Edobashi, Tsu-city, Mie, Japan
| | - Daichi Sadato
- Department of Molecular Medical Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kami-Kitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Machiko Kawamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ando
- Josei-Kokoro-Clinic, 1-1-9 Machiya, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Oboki
- Department of Molecular Medical Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kami-Kitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (FS); (KO)
| | - Masako Ukaji
- Department of Molecular Medical Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kami-Kitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Tomoaki Ikeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mie University, 2–174 Edobashi, Tsu-city, Mie, Japan
| | - Futoshi Shibasaki
- Department of Molecular Medical Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kami-Kitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (FS); (KO)
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Khoo N, Tan L, Lim W, Chen M, Chow V. Comparative seroepidemiology of genital human papillomavirus infections in the general population in Singapore. Public Health 2017; 142:1-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mostafa MM, Al-Ghobashy MA, Fathalla FA, Salem MY. Immunoaffinity extraction using conformation-dependent antibodies coupled to SE-HPLC for the development of stability and potency-indicating assay for quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1032:211-217. [PMID: 27037127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is formulated of four types of non-infectious recombinant virus like particles (VLPs) that are structurally and immunologically similar to the corresponding infectious HPV virus types 6, 11, 16 and 18. With almost identical physical, chemical and structural properties of the four types of VLPs, ELISA remains the only approved in vitro potency testing assay. In this study, an alternative industry-friendly, stability- and potency-indicating assay protocol was developed and validated for the determination of HPV vaccine. Vacuum-driven immunoaffinity extraction (IAE) was employed using type-specific, conformation-dependent antibodies against each type of HPV VLPs. ELISA assay was employed to evaluate the ability of IAE columns to specifically separate each of the four types of VLPs from their quadrivalent mixture. Mean percentage recoveries of 76.76±2.69, 69.12±5.79, 84.86±5.25 and 71.14±4.50% were obtained for VLPs types 6, 11, 16 and 18, respectively with no significant interference in each case. Antigen content was then determined using SE-HPLC over a concentration range of 5.00-20.00μg/mL (r>0.998) for VLPs type 6, 11, 16 and 18, respectively. The SE-HPLC assay was found accurate and precise (RSD<10.00%) with LOD ranging from 1.23-3.85μg/mL. The assay protocol was found superior to conventional ELISA assay with respect to simplicity, total analysis time and cost. Good correlation between the results of analysis obtained using IAE-SE-HPLC and ELISA demonstrated the suitability of the suggested assay protocol for stability and potency assessment with a good potential for implementation for batch release. This approach should be applicable for quality assessment of other vaccine preparations based on VLPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Medhat A Al-Ghobashy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt; Bioanalysis Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Faten A Fathalla
- National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, Egypt
| | - Maissa Y Salem
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
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Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) represent a large collection of viral types associated with significant clinical disease of cutaneous and mucosal epithelium. HPV-associated cancers are found in anogenital and oral mucosa, and at various cutaneous sites. Papillomaviruses are highly species and tissue restricted, and these viruses display both mucosotropic, cutaneotropic or dual tropism for epithelial tissues. A subset of HPV types, predominantly mucosal, are also oncogenic and cancers with these HPV types account for more than 200,000 deaths world-wide. Host control of HPV infections requires both innate and adaptive immunity, but the viruses have developed strategies to escape immune detection. Viral proteins can disrupt both innate pathogen-sensing pathways and T-cell based recognition and subsequent destruction of infected tissues. Current treatments to manage HPV infections include mostly ablative strategies in which recurrences are common and only active disease is treated. Although much is known about the papillomavirus life cycle, viral protein functions, and immune responsiveness, we still lack knowledge in a number of key areas of PV biology including tissue tropism, site-specific cancer progression, codon usage profiles, and what are the best strategies to mount an effective immune response to the carcinogenic stages of PV disease. In this review, disease transmission, protection and control are discussed together with questions related to areas in PV biology that will continue to provide productive opportunities of discovery and to further our understanding of this diverse set of human viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil D Christensen
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Clancy CE, An G, Cannon WR, Liu Y, May EE, Ortoleva P, Popel AS, Sluka JP, Su J, Vicini P, Zhou X, Eckmann DM. Multiscale Modeling in the Clinic: Drug Design and Development. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 44:2591-610. [PMID: 26885640 PMCID: PMC4983472 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-016-1563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of length and time scales are relevant to pharmacology, especially in drug development, drug design and drug delivery. Therefore, multiscale computational modeling and simulation methods and paradigms that advance the linkage of phenomena occurring at these multiple scales have become increasingly important. Multiscale approaches present in silico opportunities to advance laboratory research to bedside clinical applications in pharmaceuticals research. This is achievable through the capability of modeling to reveal phenomena occurring across multiple spatial and temporal scales, which are not otherwise readily accessible to experimentation. The resultant models, when validated, are capable of making testable predictions to guide drug design and delivery. In this review we describe the goals, methods, and opportunities of multiscale modeling in drug design and development. We demonstrate the impact of multiple scales of modeling in this field. We indicate the common mathematical and computational techniques employed for multiscale modeling approaches used in pharmacometric and systems pharmacology models in drug development and present several examples illustrating the current state-of-the-art models for (1) excitable systems and applications in cardiac disease; (2) stem cell driven complex biosystems; (3) nanoparticle delivery, with applications to angiogenesis and cancer therapy; (4) host-pathogen interactions and their use in metabolic disorders, inflammation and sepsis; and (5) computer-aided design of nanomedical systems. We conclude with a focus on barriers to successful clinical translation of drug development, drug design and drug delivery multiscale models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen E Clancy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Gary An
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William R Cannon
- Computational Biology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Elebeoba E May
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter Ortoleva
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Aleksander S Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James P Sluka
- Biocomplexity Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Paolo Vicini
- Clinical Pharmacology and DMPK, MedImmune, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - David M Eckmann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Optimization and validation of ELISA immunoassay for the evaluation of in-vitro relative potency of a four-component human papillomavirus vaccine products. Biologicals 2016; 44:596-599. [PMID: 27522938 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A sandwich-type ELISA was optimized and validated to determine the in-vitro relative potency of the four-component prophylactic Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. The vaccine contains the non-infectious virus like particles (VLP) corresponding to HPV Types 6, 11, 16 and 18. A modification of the desorption step required to release the VLPs from the aluminum adjuvant was carried out. Samples were incubated with citrate buffer for two hours at 37 °C instead of overnight incubation at room temperature. Assay validation was then carried out according to ICH guidelines. The assay was linear over a concentration range of 0.30-2000.00 ng/mL for the four HPV types. The assay was accurate and precise with a LOD of 0.092, 0.081, 0.086 and 0.068 ng/mL for type 6, 11, 16 and 18 respectively. Results were also statistically compared to those obtained using the reported ELISA assay and no significant difference was noted. In contrary to the reported ELISA protocol, this optimized immunoassay was superior with respect to analysis time, without affecting the accuracy and precision (RSD < 5%). This assay has proven to be useful for evaluating the efficacy of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine and is applicable for quality control and batch release purposes.
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MacIntyre CR, Shaw P, Mackie FE, Boros C, Marshall H, Barnes M, Seale H, Kennedy SE, Moa A, Hayen A, Chughtai AA, O'Loughlin EV, Stormon M. Immunogenicity and persistence of immunity of a quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in immunocompromised children. Vaccine 2016; 34:4343-50. [PMID: 27406936 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to determine the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of HPV vaccine in immunocompromised children. METHODS A multi-centre clinical trial was conducted in three paediatric hospitals in Australia. Unvaccinated children 5-18years of age attending one of three paediatric hospitals with a range of specified conditions associated with immunosuppression were included. Quadrivalent HPV vaccine (Gardasil) was given to the participants and serum anti-HPV antibody levels were measured at baseline (before first dose), 7 and 24months after the first dose of vaccine. RESULTS Fifty-nine participants were enrolled across the three paediatric hospitals and among those one was seropositive to types 6, 11 and 16 at baseline. Seven months after the first dose, seroconversion rates were 93.3%, 100%, 100% and 88.9% for type 6, 11, 16 and 18 respectively. The corresponding rates at 24month follow up were 82.2%, 91.1%, 91.1% and 68.9%. The greatest increase in geometric mean titre (GMT) was for type 16, followed by type 11. GMTs declined over the following months, but remained more than fourfold higher for all serotypes compared to baseline titres at 24months post vaccination. Injection site erythema, pain and swelling were commonly reported local adverse events and were less common after each dose. Few participants reported systemic adverse events, and minor disease flare occurred in two participants. One child developed a squamous cell oral carcinoma during follow up, but tissue was unable to be tested for HPV. CONCLUSION Immunosuppressed children had an adequate immunogenic response to Quadrivalent HPV vaccine regardless of age and the cause of immunosuppression. HPV related cancers occur at higher frequency and earlier in immunosuppressed patients, so early vaccination and optimal scheduling should be further studied in such children. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02263703 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Raina MacIntyre
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia; College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, USA.
| | - Peter Shaw
- Dept Gastroenterology Children's Hospital at Westmead, Hawkesbury Rd, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Fiona E Mackie
- Nephrology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, High St, Randwick NSW 2031, Australia; School of Women's & Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Christina Boros
- The Women's and Children's Hospital and Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, 55 King William Road, North Adelaide 5006, Australia
| | - Helen Marshall
- The Women's and Children's Hospital and Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, 55 King William Road, North Adelaide 5006, Australia
| | - Michelle Barnes
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Holly Seale
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Sean E Kennedy
- Nephrology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, High St, Randwick NSW 2031, Australia; School of Women's & Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Aye Moa
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Andrew Hayen
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Abrar Ahmad Chughtai
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Edward V O'Loughlin
- Dept Gastroenterology Children's Hospital at Westmead, Hawkesbury Rd, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Michael Stormon
- Dept Gastroenterology Children's Hospital at Westmead, Hawkesbury Rd, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia
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Nelson DR, Neu AM, Abraham A, Amaral S, Batisky D, Fadrowski JJ. Immunogenicity of Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine in Children with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 11:776-784. [PMID: 27055465 PMCID: PMC4858485 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.09690915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There is a disproportionate burden of human papillomavirus (HPV) -related genital tract disease in patients with CKD and kidney transplantation; therefore, the potential effect of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine (Gardasil; Merck GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany) is profound. Immune abnormalities associated with CKD and immunosuppression may prevent optimal vaccine response. Our objective was to determine antibody response to the HPV vaccine in adolescent girls with CKD. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS This cohort study conducted from 2008 to 2012 included 57 girls aged 9-21 years old with CKD (n=25), on dialysis (n=9), or with status postkidney transplantation (n=23) who received the standard three-dose vaccine series of the HPV vaccine recruited from two pediatric nephrology clinics. Antibody levels to HPV genotypes 6, 11, 16, and 18 were measured before vaccine dose 1 (baseline), <12 months after vaccine dose 3 (blood draw 2), and ≥12 months after vaccine dose 3 (blood draw 3). Seropositivity was defined as antibody level above an established threshold for each HPV genotype. Not all participants completed three blood draws. RESULTS Antibody response to all four HPV genotypes was 100% in the CKD and dialysis groups with samples drawn at <12 and ≥12 months after dose 3 of the HPV vaccine. Among patients with transplants, the percentages of patients achieving seropositivity were significantly lower at blood draw 2 for HPV genotypes 6 (63.6%; P=0.003), 11 (63.6%; P=0.003), and 18 (72.7%; P=0.02) and blood draw 3 for HPV genotypes 6 (62.5%; P=0.02), 11 (50%; P=0.001), 16 (75%; P=0.04), and 18 (50%; P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Antibody response to the quadrivalent recombinant HPV vaccine was robust and sustained in girls and young women with CKD and on dialysis. A less robust response to the vaccine was observed among those with a kidney transplant. Additional study is needed to determine if vaccination before kidney transplantation or an alternative vaccination regimen would benefit transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine R. Nelson
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alicia M. Neu
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alison Abraham
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sandra Amaral
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Donald Batisky
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jeffrey J. Fadrowski
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Hermann JS, Weckx LY, Monteiro Nürmberger J, Santos Junior GFD, Campos Pignatari AC, Nagata Pignatari SS. Effectiveness of the human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) vaccine in the treatment of children with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 83:94-8. [PMID: 26968061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) vaccine influences the clinical course of juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) when administered to a group of patients with this condition. METHODS Uncontrolled intervention study of patients with juvenile-onset RRP examined at the Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Federal University of São Paulo, where nine patients between the ages of nine and 17 received three doses of the prophylactic quadrivalent HPV vaccine (Gardasil(®)) and were followed for one year. Disease staging, intervals between relapses, intervals between surgeries, and the number of surgeries during the year prior to vaccination and during the first year after vaccination were compared. RESULTS Eight patients were infected with HPV-6 and one with HPV-11. There were no statistically significant differences in the clinical scores (p=0.083), anatomical scores (p=0.257), intervals between relapses (p=0.062), intervals between surgeries (p=0.357), or the numbers of surgeries (p=0.180) when the years before and after vaccination were compared. All patients had relapses following vaccination. CONCLUSION Patients with juvenile-onset RRP experienced a similar clinical course in the year after versus the year before vaccination with Gardasil(®).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Sato Hermann
- Discipline of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lily Yin Weckx
- Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Sealy RE, Jones BG, Surman SL, Branum K, Howlett NM, Flynn PM, Hurwitz JL. Murine Monoclonal Antibodies for Antigenic Discrimination of HIV-1 Envelope Proteins. Viral Immunol 2015; 29:64-70. [PMID: 26544795 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2015.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the influenza virus field, antibody reagents from research animals have been instrumental in the characterization of antigenically distinct hemagglutinin and neuraminidase membrane molecules. These small animal reagents continue to support the selection of components for inclusion in human influenza virus vaccines. Other cocktail vaccines against variant pathogens (e.g., polio virus, pneumococcus) are similarly designed to represent variant antigens, as defined by antibody reactivity patterns. However, a vaccine cocktail comprising diverse viral membrane antigens defined in this way has not yet been advanced to a clinical efficacy study in the HIV-1 field. In this study, we describe the preparation of mouse antibodies specific for HIV-1 gp140 or gp120 envelope molecules. Our experiments generated renewable reagents able to discriminate HIV-1 envelopes from one another. Monoclonals yielded more precise discriminatory capacity against their respective immunogens than did a small panel of polyclonal human sera derived from recently HIV-1-infected patients. Perhaps these and other antibody reagents will ultimately support high-throughput cartography studies with which antigenically-distinct envelope immunogens may be formulated into a successful HIV-1 envelope cocktail vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Sealy
- 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Bart G Jones
- 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Sherri L Surman
- 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Kristen Branum
- 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Nanna M Howlett
- 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Patricia M Flynn
- 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee.,2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee.,3 Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Julia L Hurwitz
- 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee.,4 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
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Mansour AA, Sereda YV, Yang J, Ortoleva PJ. Prospective on multiscale simulation of virus-like particles: Application to computer-aided vaccine design. Vaccine 2015; 33:5890-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
When HPV vaccines were registered in 2006/2007, it was unclear whether these new and type-specific prophylactic vaccines would be accepted by the community for cancer prevention. With an optimal vaccination age of early adolescence, three vaccine doses required, HPV a sexually transmitted infection, and secondary prevention already available in the form of cervical screening, considerable potential challenges were faced. At the time of licensing, vaccine efficacy in males and duration of immunity were not yet unknown. Almost a decade later, with over 230 million doses of the vaccines distributed worldwide and national HPV vaccination programs in place in many countries, it is timely to reflect on current knowledge about the vaccines and some of the lessons learned during implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia ML Brotherton
- National HPV Vaccination Program Register, VCS Registries, PO Box 310, East Melbourne, Victoria 8002, Australia
- Honorary Principal Fellow, School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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48
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McCormack PL. Quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) recombinant vaccine (gardasil(®)): a review of its use in the prevention of premalignant anogenital lesions, cervical and anal cancers, and genital warts. Drugs 2015; 74:1253-83. [PMID: 25022951 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-014-0255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) [types 6, 11, 16, 18] recombinant vaccine (Gardasil(®); Silgard(®)) is composed of virus-like particles formed by self-assembly of recombinant L1 capsid protein from each of HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18. It is indicated for use from the age of 9 years as a two- or three-dose vaccination course over 6 months for the prevention of premalignant anogenital lesions, cervical and anal cancers, and genital warts caused by the vaccine HPV types. In placebo-controlled trials, quadrivalent HPV vaccine provided high-level protection against infection or disease caused by the vaccine HPV types over 2-4 years in females aged 15-45 years who were negative for the vaccine HPV types, and provided a degree of cross-protection against certain non-vaccine HPV types. The vaccine also provided high-level protection against persistent infection, anogenital precancerous lesions and genital warts caused by the vaccine HPV types over 3 years in susceptible males aged 16-26 years. Protection has been demonstrated for up to 8 years. In subjects who were negative for the vaccine HPV types, high seroconversion rates and high levels of anti-HPV antibodies were observed in females of all age ranges from 9 to 45 years and in males aged 9-26 years. The vaccine was generally well tolerated and was usually predicted to be cost effective in girls and young women. Therefore, quadrivalent HPV vaccine offers an effective means to substantially reduce the burden of HPV-related anogenital disease in females and males, particularly cervical cancer and genital warts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L McCormack
- Adis, Level 1, 5 The Warehouse Way, Northcote 0627; Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay 0754, Auckland, New Zealand,
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Evaluation of the Long-Term Anti-Human Papillomavirus 6 (HPV6), 11, 16, and 18 Immune Responses Generated by the Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2015; 22:943-8. [PMID: 26084514 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00133-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This quadrivalent human papillomavirus (qHPV) (HPV6, -11, -16, and -18) vaccine long-term follow-up (LTFU) study is an ongoing extension of a pivotal clinical study (FUTURE II) taking place in the Nordic region. The LTFU study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness, immunogenicity, and safety of the qHPV vaccine (Gardasil) for at least 10 years following completion of the base study. The current report presents immunogenicity data from testing samples of the year 5 LTFU visit (approximately 9 years after vaccination). FUTURE II vaccination arm subjects, who consented to being followed in the LTFU, donated serum at regular intervals and in 2012. Anti-HPV6, -11, -16, and -18 antibodies were detected by the competitive Luminex immunoassay (cLIA), and in addition, serum samples from 2012 were analyzed by the total IgG Luminex immunoassay (LIA) (n = 1,598). cLIA geometric mean titers (GMTs) remained between 70% and 93% of their month 48 value depending on HPV type. For all HPV types, the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the year 9 GMTs remained above the serostatus cutoff value. The proportion of subjects who remained seropositive based on the IgG LIA was higher than the proportion based on cLIA, especially for anti-HPV18. As expected, the anti-HPV serum IgG and cLIA responses were strongly correlated for all HPV types. Anti-HPV GMTs and the proportion of vaccinated individuals who are seropositive remain high for up to 9 years of follow-up after vaccination.
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Vacuna frente al virus del papiloma humano. Eficacia y seguridad. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2015; 33:342-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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