1
|
Li H, He W, Liu G. Exercise habits and health behaviors on adolescent obesity. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 245:104199. [PMID: 38490131 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Obesity among children and adolescents continues to increase globally, and it is important to determine the factors associated with obesity among adolescents for the prevention and reduction of obesity. The purpose of this study is to understand the factors associated with the increase in the obesity rate among adolescents, providing a reference basis for the development of projects aimed at promoting adolescent health. METHODS Using the raw data of 2021 adolescent health behavior online survey, this study analyzed demographic sociological factors, mental health, exercise habits, health behaviors and other categorical variables, and conducted the frequency, χ2 test for the difference in the proportion of obese and non-obese. According to the hierarchy model of obesity-related variables, binary logistics regression is used for multivariate analysis. This study used the original data of the 2021 Youth Health Behavior Online Survey, and performed frequency, χ2 tests on the differences in the proportion of obese and non-obese for categorical variables such as demographic sociological factors, mental health, exercise habits, and health behaviors. Multivariate analysis was performed using binary logistic regression based on hierarchical models of obesity-related variables. RESULTS The obesity rate among Korean adolescents was 18.25 %. The obesity risk for females was reduced by 0.344 times compared to males (95 % CI = 0.327-0.361, p < 0.001); high school students had a 1.4 times higher obesity risk than middle school students (95 % CI = 1.379-1.511, p < 0.001); students with "Subjective household economic status" rated as "Medium" and 'Low' had their obesity risk increased by 1.07 times (95 % CI = 1.020-1.124, p < 0.01) and 1.254 times (95 % CI = 1.165-1.350, p < 0.001), respectively, compared to students with 'Subjective household economic status' rated as 'High'; students with 'Moderate' and 'Low' levels of 'Perceived stress' had their obesity risk reduced by 0.78 times (95 % CI = 0.74-0.823, P < 0.001) and 0.75 times (95 % CI = 0.70-0.803, P < 0.001), respectively, compared to students with 'High' levels of 'Perceived stress'; students engaging in 'Muscle strengthening exercise' '1-2 times/week' and "≥ 3 times/week" had their obesity risk reduced by 0.844 times (95% CI = 0.797-0.895, P < 0.001) and 0.575 times (95% CI = 0.537-0.616, P < 0.001), respectively, compared to students not participating in "Muscle strengthening exercise". CONCLUSION The obesity rate of boys is higher than that of girls and high school students is higher than that of middle school students, and obesity is inversely proportional to family economic status. Mental health factors, exercise habits and eating habits are all important factors affecting adolescent obesity. It is suggested that gender differences, psychological factors, health habits, obesity education and healthy eating habits suitable for different age groups should be considered in the formulation of adolescent obesity policy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Li
- Department of Sport Leisure, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul 02844, Republic of Korea
| | - Weidong He
- School of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Guifang Liu
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chun DW, Kwon YJ, Heo SJ, Lee JW. Secular trends in dietary energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake among Korean adults, 2010-2020 KHANES. Nutrition 2024; 121:112360. [PMID: 38368797 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The composition and balance of macronutrient intake play key roles in promoting a longer lifespan. In this study, we aimed to investigate the secular trends in carbohydrate, fat, and protein intakes in South Koreans from 2010 to 2020. METHODS We examined the dietary nutritional intake of South Koreans using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 60,190 adults aged ≥19 y who completed the 24-h dietary recall interviews in a single day on all survey periods were included in this study. The outcomes included changes in macronutrient intake according to subgroups, such as age; sex; and the presence of diabetes, dyslipidemia, stroke, or heart disease, as well as energy intake from macronutrients. RESULTS The study population showed a significant decrease in total energy intake from 2010 to 2020, with a corresponding decrease in the percentage of energy intake from carbohydrates (p-values for trend < 0.001). Conversely, the proportions of energy intake from proteins and fats increased during the same period (p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed variations in macronutrient intake trends according to age, sex, obesity status, and underlying diseases. The analysis of trends in energy intake from various fat subtypes, total sugar, and fiber revealed a decrease in the energy intake percentage of total sugar from 2016 to 2020 and an increase in the energy intake percentage of all fat subtypes and fiber from 2013 to 2020. CONCLUSIONS In the past 10 y, the dietary patterns in Korea have shifted toward the consumption of high-fat and high-protein diets with reduced carbohydrate intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Chun
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Jae Heo
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Park S, Kim DW, Lee K, Park MW, Chang K, Jeong MH, Ahn YK, Chae SC, Ahn TH, Rha SW, Kim HS, Gwon HC, Seong IW, Hwang KK, Kim KB, Cha KS, Oh SK, Chae JK. Association between body mass index and three-year outcome of acute myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:365. [PMID: 38429290 PMCID: PMC10907694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI), as an important risk factor related to metabolic disease. However, in some studies higher BMI was emphasized as a beneficial factor in the clinical course of patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a concept known as the "BMI paradox." The purpose of this study was to investigate how clinical outcomes of patients treated for AMI differed according to BMI levels. A total of 10,566 patients in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institutes of Health (KAMIR-NIH) from May 2010 to June 2015 were divided into three BMI groups (group 1: BMI < 22 kg/m2, group 2: ≥ 22 and < 26 kg/m2, and group 3: ≥ 26 kg/m2). The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) at 3 years of follow-up. At 1 year of follow-up, the incidence of MACCE in group 1 was 10.1% of that in group 3, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.27, and 6.5% in group 2, with an HR of 1.415. This tendency continued up to 3 years of follow-up. The study demonstrated that lower incidence of MACCE in the high BMI group of Asians during the 3-year follow-up period compared to the low BMI group. The results implied higher BMI could exert a positive effect on the long-term clinical outcomes of patients with AMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soyoon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyusup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahn-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyuk Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Keun Ahn
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chull Chae
- Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Ahn
- Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Woon Rha
- Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Cheol Gwon
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Universtiy, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Whan Seong
- Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Kuk Hwang
- Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Bae Kim
- Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Soo Cha
- Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Kyu Oh
- Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee S, Seo WJ, Park S, Lee CM, Kwon Y, Choi SI, Kim JH. Comparative Analysis of Various Weight Loss Success Criteria Models After Bariatric Metabolic Surgery in Korean Morbid Obese Patients. JOURNAL OF METABOLIC AND BARIATRIC SURGERY 2023; 12:67-75. [PMID: 38196787 PMCID: PMC10771973 DOI: 10.17476/jmbs.2023.12.2.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Purpose To identify weight loss prediction models by validating previous models using weight loss success criteria. Materials and Methods Patients with morbid obesity from 4 hospitals were retrospectively analyzed between Jan 2019 and 2022. Preoperative demographics, postoperative data, and 1-year follow-up weight loss outcomes were compared between 2 groups who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). Additionally, the predictive factors for the success of excess weight loss (EWL) (>50%) and total weight loss (TWL) (>25%) were analyzed. Results Of the 162 patients, 137 were enrolled during the study period, 75 underwent LSG, and 62 underwent LRYGB. The >50% EWL and >25% TWL 1 year after surgery were 61.3% and 43.1%, respectively. Diabetes mellitus medication use was reduced in 94.8% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Male sex and body mass index (BMI) were independent risk factors for successful weight loss (SWL) or >50% EWL (odds ratio [OR] for BMI 0.830, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.764-0.902), whereas achieving >25% TWL was not affected by sex or BMI (OR for BMI 1.010, 95% CI 0.957-1.065). External validation of the prediction models showed an acceptable range of accuracy (adjusted R2 66.5-71.3%). Conclusion LSG and LRYGB are feasible and effective bariatric procedures for SWL in Korean patients with morbid obesity. The TWL model was a more appropriate criterion than EWL, and weight loss prediction models may help assess the 1-year outcomes of bariatric surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangjun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Jun Seo
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungsoo Park
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Ansan hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Yeongkeun Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Il Choi
- Department of Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Han Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jin Q, Gheeya J, Nepal S, Shi N, Folefac E, Webb MZ, Grainger EM, Wei L, Prosek JM, Focht BC, Gong M, Clinton SK, Tabung FK. Associations of dietary patterns with kidney cancer risk, kidney cancer-specific mortality and all-cause mortality among postmenopausal women. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1978-1987. [PMID: 37898720 PMCID: PMC10703863 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02469-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) are novel measures of dietary quality associated with insulin hypersecretion or chronic inflammation, respectively, whereas the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) measures adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). We evaluated associations of EDIH, EDIP and HEI-2015 on the risk of both kidney cancer development and mortality. METHODS We calculated the dietary scores from baseline food frequency questionnaires among 115,830 participants aged 50-79 years in the Women's Health Initiative. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for kidney cancer risk, kidney cancer-specific mortality and all-cause mortality, per 1-standard deviation increment in dietary pattern scores. RESULTS Higher EDIH was associated with greater risk of kidney cancer development [HR, 1.12; 95%CI, (1.01,1.23)], kidney cancer-specific death [1.22(0.99,1.48)], and all-cause mortality, [1.05(1.02,1.08)]. Higher HEI-2015 was associated with lower risk of kidney cancer development, [0.85(0.77, 0.94)], kidney cancer-specific death, [0.84(0.69,1.03)] and all-cause mortality, [0.97(0.95,1.00)]. However, EDIP was not significantly associated with outcomes. Associations did not differ by BMI categories. CONCLUSIONS Low-insulinemic dietary patterns and higher quality diets, are worthy of testing in dietary pattern intervention trials for kidney cancer prevention and improved survivorship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jin
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Weber State University, Ogden, UT, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jinesh Gheeya
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Fellowship Program, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sushma Nepal
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ni Shi
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Edmund Folefac
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Fellowship Program, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maxine Z Webb
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Grainger
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lai Wei
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jason M Prosek
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brian C Focht
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael Gong
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Steven K Clinton
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yoon H, Sung E, Kang JH, Kim CH, Shin H, Yoo E, Kim M, Lee MY, Shin S. Association between body fat and bone mineral density in Korean adults: a cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17462. [PMID: 37838748 PMCID: PMC10576818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Although obesity was once considered protective against osteoporosis, various factors influence the relationship between fat and bone mineral density (BMD). To establish the importance of healthy body composition in decelerating declines in BMD, we conducted a study to compare the association between body fat composition and BMD in Korean adults. Using data collected from the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study from 2012 to 2019, this cohort study compared the incidence of decreased BMD among the following four groups: normal BMI and normal adiposity (NBMI-NA), normal BMI and high adiposity (NBMI-HA), overweight, and obesity. Decreased BMD was defined as a Z-score ≤ - 2.0 in premenopausal women and men < 50 years of age or a T-score < - 1.0 in postmenopausal women and men ≥ 50 years of age. Individuals who were diagnosed with osteoporosis or compression fracture after their second visit were categorized as having decreased BMD. The incidence rate of decreased BMD in the NBMI-NA group was 3.37, and that in the NBMI-HA group was 4.81, which was the highest among all groups. After adjusting for confounding factors, NBMI-HA led to a significantly greater risk of decreased BMD compared to NBMI-NA (HR 1.47; 95% CI 1.09-1.99). Even with a normal BMI, a high BFP was associated with an increased risk of decreased BMD. Therefore, healthy body composition management, not simply BMI, is important in preventing decreased BMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Yoon
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Sung
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Heon Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hwan Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsol Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Yeon Lee
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of R&D Management, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jung I, Han KD, Joon Moon S, Kwon H, Eun Park S, Rhee EJ, Lee WY. Association of Physical Activity with Total and Cause-specific Mortality in Patients with Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023:110819. [PMID: 37422165 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Physical inactivity is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, little is known about its association with mortality due to other causes. Herein, we investigated the association between physical activity (PA) and cause-specific mortality in patients with T2DM. METHODS We analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service and claims database of adults with T2DM aged >20 years at baseline (n=2,651,214). Each participant's PA volume was measured as the metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs)-min per week, and hazard ratios of all-cause and cause-specific mortality relative to PA levels were estimated. RESULTS During the 7.8 years of follow-up, all-cause, CVD, respiratory, cancer, and other causes of mortality were lowest in patients engaged in vigorous PA. MET-min/week was inversely associated with mortality after adjusting for covariates. The reduction in total and cause-specific mortality was greater in patients aged ≥65 years than in those aged <65 years. CONCLUSIONS Increasing PA may facilitate a reduction in mortality from various causes, especially among older patients with T2DM. Clinicians should encourage such patients to increase their daily PA levels to reduce their risk of mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inha Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Joon Moon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Kwon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Eun Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Young Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu R, Cao Y, Wang PY, Chen XL, Tao D. Intermittent energy restriction vs. continuous energy restriction on cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1090792. [PMID: 37229479 PMCID: PMC10204925 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1090792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This is a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of intermittent energy restriction (IER) vs. continuous energy restriction (CER) on weight loss, body composition, blood pressure, and other cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors. Methods We searched and screened PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception to May 8, 2022 for randomized controlled trials. Two review authors independently selected studies, extracted data, assessed quality and risk of bias and cross-checked extracts to resolve discrepancies when required. We expressed effect size as mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The major outcome was the improvement of MetS risk factors, including changes in waist circumference (WC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), blood pressure (BP), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels. The secondary outcomes were body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF), fat free mass (FFM), hip circumference (HC), fasting insulin (FINs), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c). Results The meta-analysis included 16 articles (20 trials) with a total of 1,511 participants. All studies had a low risk of bias for random sequence generation. The IER and CER intervention equally improved MetS risk factors WC (MD = -0.47, 95% CI [-1.19, 0.25]), TG (MD = -0.02 mmol/L, 95% CI [-0.11, 0.07]), FPG (MD = -0.02 mmol/L, 95% CI [-0.10, 0.05]) and BP (systolic blood pressure: MD = 0.93 mmHg, 95% CI [-2.74, 4.61]; diastolic blood pressure: MD =1.15 mmHg, 95% CI [-0.24, 2.55]), but HDL-c (MD = 0.03 mmol/L, 95% CI [0.01, 0.05]) was significant improved in IER when compared with CER. For second outcomes, BW (MD = -0.8 kg, 95% CI [-1.26, -0.33]), BF (MD = -0.75 kg, 95% CI [-1.73, -0.13]) and FFM (MD = -0.49 kg, 95% CI [-0.92, -0.05]) were also significant improved in IER, and not for other outcomes. Conclusion Both IER and CER could improve MetS biomarkers, but IER was more effective than CER in the improvement of HDL-c only. For secondary outcomes, IER was also more effective for BW, BF and FFM, but there were no differences in effects for other outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
- Sports and Health Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Youxiang Cao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Ying Wang
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Chen
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Tao
- Department of Government and International Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim Y. How effective is intragastric balloon insertion as an obesity treatment in Korea? Clin Endosc 2023; 56:310-312. [PMID: 37259243 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2023.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Youngdae Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim KK, Haam JH, Kim BT, Kim EM, Park JH, Rhee SY, Jeon E, Kang E, Nam GE, Koo HY, Lim JH, Jeong JE, Kim JH, Kim JW, Park JH, Hong JH, Lee SE, Min SH, Kim SJ, Kim S, Kim YH, Lee YJ, Cho YJ, Rhie YJ, Kim YH, Kang JH, Lee CB. Evaluation and Treatment of Obesity and Its Comorbidities: 2022 Update of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity by the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. J Obes Metab Syndr 2023; 32:1-24. [PMID: 36945077 PMCID: PMC10088549 DOI: 10.7570/jomes23016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the 8th edition of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity is to help primary care physician provide safe, effective care to patients with obesity by offering evidence-based recommendations to improve the quality of treatment. The Committee for Clinical Practice Guidelines comprised individuals with multidisciplinary expertise in obesity management. A steering board of seven experts oversaw the entire project. Recommendations were developed as the answers to key questions formulated in patient/problem, intervention, comparison, outcomes (PICO) format. Guidelines underwent multi-level review and cross-checking and received endorsement from relevant scientific societies. This edition of the guidelines includes criteria for diagnosing obesity, abdominal obesity, and metabolic syndrome; evaluation of obesity and its complications; weight loss goals; and treatment options such as diet, exercise, behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric and metabolic surgery for Korean people with obesity. Compared to the previous edition of the guidelines, the current edition includes five new topics to keep up with the constantly evolving field of obesity: diagnosis of obesity, obesity in women, obesity in patients with mental illness, weight maintenance after weight loss, and the use of information and communication technology-based interventions for obesity treatment. This edition of the guidelines features has improved organization, more clearly linking key questions in PICO format to recommendations and key references. We are confident that these new Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity will be a valuable resource for all healthcare professionals as they describe the most current and evidence-based treatment options for obesity in a well-organized format.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Kon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Haam
- Deptartment of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Bom Taeck Kim
- Department of Family Practice & Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Youl Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eonju Jeon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eungu Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Yeon Koo
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Lim
- Department of Food Service and Nutrition Care, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jo-Eun Jeong
- Department of Psychiatry, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ha Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Hwa Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Eok Lee
- Department of Surgery, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Se Hee Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Jun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Depertment of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Ji Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young-Jun Rhie
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn-hee Kim
- Mindscan Clinic, Heart Scan Health Care, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang Beom Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dysbiotic microbiome variation in colorectal cancer patients is linked to lifestyles and metabolic diseases. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:33. [PMID: 36709262 PMCID: PMC9883847 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in the composition and diversity of the gut microbial communities among individuals are influenced by environmental factors. However, there is limited research on factors affecting microbiome variation in colorectal cancer patients, who display lower inter-individual variations than that of healthy individuals. In this study, we examined the association between modifiable factors and the microbiome variation in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS A total of 331 colorectal cancer patients who underwent resection surgery at the Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital between October 2017 and August 2019 were included. Fecal samples from colorectal cancer patients were collected prior to the surgery. Variations in the gut microbiome among patients with different lifestyles and metabolic diseases were examined through the network analysis of inter-connected microbial abundance, the assessment of the Anna Karenina principle effect for microbial stochasticity, and the identification of the enriched bacteria using linear discrimination analysis effect size. Associations of dietary diversity with microbiome variation were investigated using the Procrustes analysis. RESULTS We found stronger network connectivity of microbial communities in non-smokers, non-drinkers, obese individuals, hypertensive subjects, and individuals without diabetes than in their counterparts. The Anna Karenina principle effect was found for history of smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes (with significantly greater intra-sample similarity index), whereas obesity and hypertension showed the anti-Anna Karenina principle effect (with significantly lower intra-sample similarity index). We found certain bacterial taxa to be significantly enriched in patients of different categories of lifestyles and metabolic diseases using linear discrimination analysis. Diversity of food and nutrient intake did not shape the microbial diversity between individuals (pProcrustes>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested an immune dysregulation and a reduced ability of the host and its microbiome in regulating the community composition. History of smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes were shown to affect partial individuals in shifting new microbial communities, whereas obesity and history of hypertension appeared to affect majority of individuals and shifted to drastic reductions in microbial compositions. Understanding the contribution of modifiable factors to microbial stochasticity may provide insights into how the microbiome regulates effects of these factors on the health outcomes of colorectal cancer patients.
Collapse
|
12
|
Muacevic A, Adler JR. Pathophysiology, Diagnostic Criteria, and Approaches to Type 2 Diabetes Remission. Cureus 2023; 15:e33908. [PMID: 36819346 PMCID: PMC9936340 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent, life-threatening, and costly medical illness. Type 2 diabetes is defined by insulin resistance caused by persistent hyperglycemia, and it is frequently diagnosed by tests such as fasting blood glucose levels of more than 7.0 mmol/L or HbA1c values of more than 6.5%. Pathogenesis and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus are clearly varied, with genetic and environmental factors both leading to it. The attainment of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels below the diagnostic level and maintaining it for a minimum of six months without pharmacotherapy, is described as diabetes remission. Diagnosis is a two-part procedure. To begin, the diagnosis of diabetes must be confirmed, and then the type of diabetes must be determined. Even in patients who succeeded to maintain remission, follow-up with the physician and regular tests should be done to prevent any expected diabetes complications.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim SI, Kim JH, Lee C, Ha J, Jung KW, Lim MC. Incidence and survival rates of primary uterine carcinosarcoma in Korea: a National Cancer Registry study. J Gynecol Oncol 2023; 34:e9. [PMID: 36366811 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2023.34.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence and survival rates of primary uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) in Korea. METHODS From the Korea Central Cancer Registry, we identified patients diagnosed with primary UCS between 1999 and 2018 and collected their information, including age at diagnosis, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) summary stage, and treatment. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) and annual percent changes (APCs) were calculated. Baseline characteristics and overall survival (OS) were compared by study periods, ages, and stages at initial diagnosis. RESULTS Overall, the incidence rate of primary UCS increased markedly during the time period: ASRs, 0.02 per 100,000 in 1999 and 0.25 per 100,000 in 2018 (APC, 13.9%; p<0.001). No difference in OS was observed between patients diagnosed in 1999-2008 and those diagnosed in 2009-2018 (5-year survival rate, 46.0% vs. 48.6%; p=0.871). Considering the mean patient age at diagnosis of UCS, we divided the study population into 2 groups. Patients aged ≥60 years had a more frequent prior radiation history, received less multi-modality treatment, and showed worse OS than those aged <60 years (5-year survival rate, 42.7% vs. 53.6%; p=0.001). In multivariate analysis, both old age at diagnosis (≥60 years) and the SEER summary stage were identified as independent poor prognostic factors for OS, whereas radiation history before the diagnosis of UCS was not. CONCLUSION The incidence rate of UCS in Korea increased significantly from 1999 to 2018. Advanced stage and old age (≥60 years) at diagnosis might be poor prognostic factors for survival, but not prior radiation history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se Ik Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Center for Gynecologic Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Cheol Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Johyun Ha
- Korea Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.,Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Kyu-Won Jung
- Korea Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.,Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
| | - Myong Cheol Lim
- Center for Gynecologic Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.,Department of Cancer Control and Policy, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.,Rare & Pediatric Cancer Branch and Immuno-oncology Branch, Division of Rare and Refractory Cancer, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yoo MC, Won CW, Soh Y. Association of high body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat percentage with sarcopenia in older women. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:937. [PMID: 36471279 PMCID: PMC9724283 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03643-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related obesity and body composition changes include loss of muscle mass and increased body fat. This study aimed to investigate sex differences in the impact of sarcopenia, defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), on obesity in Korean older adults. METHODS In this 2-year longitudinal study, 3014 participants were excluded based on AWGS sarcopenia parameters (if any one of the sarcopenic parameter criteria was satisfied), including low handgrip strength (HGS), low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), and low short physical performance battery (SPPB). A total of 926 non-sarcopenic participants were recruited for the study. The obese and non-obese groups were compared according to the sarcopenia parameters. The following variables were selected for obesity analysis: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat percentage. Unadjusted and fully adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed for each variable to predict sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity according to sex. RESULTS Among the sarcopenia parameters, reduction in ASMI was significantly lower in the obese group with high WC and percentage of body fat (PBF) in both men and women (P < 0.01). Multivariable analysis revealed that different obesity parameters were associated with AWGS criteria: women in the high BMI group presented significantly lower ASMI and sarcopenia (ASMI, OR = 0.289, 95% CI = 0.174-0.480; sarcopenia, OR = 0.152, 95% CI = 0.048-0.483). Women in the high WC group had significantly lower ASMI and sarcopenia (ASMI, OR = 0.307, 95% CI = 0.189-0.500; sarcopenia, OR = 0.262, 95% CI = 0.106-0.649). Women in the high PBF group had a lower incidence of sarcopenia (OR = 0.214, 95% CI = 0.068-0.278). CONCLUSIONS Our study identified that high BMI had a protective effect on the reduction of muscle mass in men and women. However, obesity parameters including BMI, WC, and PBF were positively correlated with a lower incidence of sarcopenia only in women. Obesity in older women may have a protective effect in reducing ASMI and the incidence of sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myung Chul Yoo
- grid.411231.40000 0001 0357 1464Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea ,grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Won Won
- grid.411231.40000 0001 0357 1464Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447 South Korea
| | - Yunsoo Soh
- grid.411231.40000 0001 0357 1464Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee HJ, Kim HK, Han KD, Lee KN, Park JB, Lee H, Lee SP, Kim YJ. Age-dependent associations of body mass index with myocardial infarction, heart failure, and mortality in over 9 million Koreans. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:1479-1488. [PMID: 35580584 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While obesity is a well-known cardiovascular risk factor, little is known whether age has a modifying effect. AIM To determine the age-dependent associations of BMI with cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS A population-based cohort of 9,278,433 Koreans without prior cardiovascular disease were followed up for the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), and all-cause death. The effect of BMI with optimal normal weight (18.5-22.9 kg/m2) as reference was analyzed according to age groups [young (20-39 years), middle-aged (40-64 years), and elderly (≥65 years)] and age decades. RESULTS During 8.2 years, MI, HF, and all-cause death occurred in 65,607 (0.71%), 131,903 (1.42%), and 306,065 (3.30%), respectively. Associations between BMI and all outcomes were significantly modified by age (p-for-interaction < 0.001). There was a proportional increase in incident MI according to BMI in young subjects; this relationship became U-shaped in middle-aged subjects, and inversely proportional/plateauing in elderly subjects. A U-shaped relationship between BMI and incident HF was observed, but the impact of obesity was stronger in young subjects while the impact of underweight was stronger in middle-aged and elderly subjects. Meanwhile, lower BMI was associated with higher all-cause mortality in all ages, although this association was attenuated at young age, and pre-obesity was associated with the greatest survival benefit. These associations were independent of sex, smoking, physical activity, and comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS The impact of BMI on cardiovascular risk differs according to age. Weight loss may be recommended for younger overweight subjects, while being mildly overweight may be beneficial at old age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jung Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Na Lee
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Bean Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Heesun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Seung-Pyo Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Choi S, Chon J, Lee SA, Yoo MC, Yun Y, Chung SJ, Kim M, Lee ET, Kyu Choi M, Won CW, Soh Y. Central obesity is associated with lower prevalence of sarcopenia in older women, but not in men: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:406. [PMID: 35534812 PMCID: PMC9082840 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a chronic disease that causes various medical health problems, increases morbidity, and reduces the quality of life. Obesity (especially central obesity) in older adults is expected to act with the development of sarcopenia. However, the relationship between obesity, central obesity, and sarcopenia remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the impact of obesity on sarcopenia. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study; 1,827 community-dwelling older adults (883 men and 944 women) aged 70–84 years were recruited. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria were used to evaluate sarcopenia. Subjects with a low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI; men: < 7.0 kg/m2, women: < 5.4 kg/m2) and either low handgrip strength (HGS; men: < 28 kg, women: < 18 kg) or low Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB; ≤ 9) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 25 kg/m2, while central obesity was defined as WC measurements of ≥ 90 cm in men and ≥ 85 cm in women. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of obesity and central obesity on sarcopenia and the parameters of sacropenia. Results In both sexes, the obese group, defined based on the BMI, had a significantly low prevalence of low ASMI (odds ratio [OR] = 0.14, 95% confidence interval CI = 0.10–0.20 in men, OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.12–0.25 in women) and sarcopenia (OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.16–0.50 in men, OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.08–0.35 in women) in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. In women, the central obese group had a low prevalence of sarcopenia (OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.27–0.77) in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Meanwhile, the obese group had a significantly higher prevalence of low SPPB in women (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.18–2.59). Conclusions Obesity may have a protective effect on low ASMI and sarcopenia, as defined by the AWGS criteria. Central obesity was associated with a low prevalence of sarcopenia in women only. However, obesity did not have a positive impact on functional parameters of sarcopenia including muscle strength and physical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seongmin Choi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinmann Chon
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ah Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Chul Yoo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeocheon Yun
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joon Chung
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjung Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Taek Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyu Choi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Won Won
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yunsoo Soh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Association between the fatty liver index and the risk of severe complications in COVID-19 patients: a nationwide retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:384. [PMID: 35430797 PMCID: PMC9013424 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07370-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Research on the association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with prognosis in COVID-19 has been limited. We investigated the association between the fatty liver index (FLI), a non-invasive and simple marker of NAFLD, and the severe complications of COVID-19 patients in South Korea.
Methods
We included 3122 COVID-19-positive patients from the nationwide COVID-19 cohort dataset in South Korea between January and June 2020. The FLI was calculated using triglyceride, body mass index, glutamyl transpeptidase, and waist circumference, which were obtained from the national health screening program data. Severe complications related to COVID-19 were defined as the composite of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit treatment, high-oxygen flow therapy, and death within 2 months after a COVID-19 infection. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis for the development of severe complications in COVID-19 patients.
Results
The mean ± standard deviation of FLI were 25.01 ± 22.64. Severe complications from COVID-19 occurred in 223 (7.14%) patients, including mechanical ventilation in 82 (2.63%) patients, ICU admission in 126 (4.04%), high-flow oxygen therapy in 75 (2.40%), and death in 94 (3.01%) patients, respectively. The multivariate analysis indicated that the highest tertile (T3) of FLI was positively associated with severe complications from COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.11–2.82), P = 0.017) compared with the lowest tertile (T1).
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that FLI, which represents NAFLD, was positively associated with an increased risk of severe complications from COVID-19. FLI might be used as a prognostic marker for the severity of COVID-19.
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee SN, Ko SH, Her SH, Han K, Moon D, Kim SK, Yoo KD, Ahn YB. Association between lung function and the risk of atrial fibrillation in a nationwide population cohort study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4007. [PMID: 35256653 PMCID: PMC8901639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07534-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the association between lung function and atrial fibrillation (AF) in 21,349 adults without AF aged ≥ 40 years who underwent spirometry. The study participants were enrolled from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey between 2008 and 2016. The primary outcome was new-onset non-valvular AF identified from the National Health Insurance Service database. During the median follow-up of 6.5 years, 2.15% of participants developed new-onset AF. The incidence rate of AF per 1000 person-years was inversely related to the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC quartile. After adjustment for multiple variables, the AF risk in the lowest FEV1 quartile was 1.64-fold higher than that in the highest quartile (hazard ratio (HR) 1.64 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26–2.12) for lowest FEV1 quartile). The lowest quartile of FVC had 1.56-fold higher AF risk than the highest quartile (HR 1.56 (95% CI 1.18–2.08) for lowest FVC quartile). Although the lowest FEV1/FVC quartile was associated with an increased risk of AF in the unadjusted model, this increased risk was not statistically significant in the multivariable analysis. Compared to those with normal lung function, participants with restrictive or obstructive lung function had 1.49 and 1.42-fold higher AF risks, respectively. In this large nationwide cohort study, both obstructive and restrictive patterns of reduced lung function were significantly associated with increased AF risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Nam Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, 16247, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, 16247, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Ho Her
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, 16247, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggyu Moon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, 16247, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kyoung Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Dong Yoo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, 16247, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Bae Ahn
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, 16247, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Choi DD, Han K, Park KA, Oh SY. Association of Obesity and Incidence of Third, Fourth, and Sixth Cranial Nerve Palsies. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 235:258-270. [PMID: 34543662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between obesity and the development of third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerve palsy (CNP). METHODS We analyzed a cohort of 4,067,842 adults aged between 20 and 90 years who underwent health checkups within the National Health Insurance Service between January 1 and December 31, 2009. The participants were followed until December 31, 2017. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to determine the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for CNP. Model 3 (the main analysis model) was adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. Model 4 was additionally adjusted for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus in the setting of model 3. RESULTS A total of 5,835 individuals were diagnosed with CNP during the follow-up period (7.3 years). General obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m2) was associated with an increased risk of CNP compared to individuals without general obesity (model 3, HR 1.248, 95% CI 1.184-1.315; model 4, HR 1.162, 95% CI 1.102-1.227). Abdominal obesity (waist circumference [WC] ≥90 cm in men and ≥85 cm in women) also showed an increased HR compared to individuals without abdominal obesity (model 3, 1.239, 95% CI 1.170-1.313; model 4, HR 1.127, 95% CI 1.062-1.196). Compared to the group without either type of obesity, the group with only abdominal obesity (model 3, HR 1.167, 95% CI 1.035-1.317), the group with only general obesity (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.14-1.24), and the group with both obesity types (HR 1.317, 95% CI 1.236-1.404) showed increased HRs for CNP. CONCLUSION Based on our population-based cohort study, both general and abdominal obesity increased the risk of CNP. Also, the combination of general and abdominal obesity may further increase the risk of CNP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daye Diana Choi
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea (D.D.C.)
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (K.H.).
| | - Kyung-Ah Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (K.P. and S.Y.O.).
| | - Sei Yeul Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (K.P. and S.Y.O.).
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Association between visceral adipose tissue volume, measured using computed tomography, and cardio-metabolic risk factors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:387. [PMID: 35013484 PMCID: PMC8748432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04402-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the associations between metabolic parameters with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume in women with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and we compared the VAT volume with the VAT area. We enrolled women aged > 20 years with prediabetes or T2DM, who underwent oral glucose tolerance test and whose VAT was evaluated using computed tomography (CT) at our institution between 2017 and 2019. All participants underwent unenhanced spiral CT with a 3-mm slice thickness from the level of the diaphragm to the level of the mid-thigh. The two VAT areas were defined as the free drawn area on the levels of the umbilicus and L2 vertebra. The VAT areas were also manually drawn from the level of the diaphragm to the level of the pelvic floor and were used to calculate the VAT volumes by summing all areas with a slice thickness of 3 mm after setting the attenuation values from -45 to -195 Hounsfield Unit. All metabolic characteristics, except blood pressure, were significantly correlated with the VAT volume. The VAT areas measured at the level of the L2 vertebra and umbilicus were correlated with serum triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and Framingham steatosis index alone. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that the VAT volume was significantly associated with several metabolic parameters. In conclusion, in women with prediabetes and T2DM, the VAT volume acquired from CT-based calculation has more significant correlations with metabolic risk factors compared with the VAT area.
Collapse
|
21
|
Tegegne KD, Wagaw GB, Gebeyehu NA, Yirdaw LT, Shewangashaw NE, Mekonen NA, Kassaw MW. Prevalence of central obesity and associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:983180. [PMID: 36111291 PMCID: PMC9468774 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.983180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a global public health concern that is now on the rise, especially in low- and middle-income nations. Despite the fact that there are several studies reporting the prevalence of central obesity among adults in Ethiopia, there is a lack of a systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizing the existing observational studies. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of central obesity and its associated factors in Ethiopia. METHODS Online libraries such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, and Addis Ababa University were searched. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using STATA statistical software (v. 16). Forest plots, Begg's rank test, and Egger's regression test were all used to check for publication bias. To look for heterogeneity, I2 was computed, and an overall estimated analysis was carried out. Subgroup analysis was done by region and study setting. In addition, the pooled odds ratio for related covariates was calculated. RESULTS Out of 685 studies assessed, 20 met our criteria and were included in the study. A total of 12,603 people were included in the study. The prevalence of central obesity was estimated to be 37.31% [95% confidence interval (CI): 29.55-45.07]. According to subgroup analysis by study region and setting, the highest prevalence was observed in the Dire Dawa region (61.27%) and community-based studies (41.83%), respectively. Being a woman (AOR = 6.93; 95% CI: 3.02-10.85), having better socioeconomic class (AOR = 5.45; 95% CI: 0.56-10.34), being of age 55 and above (AOR = 5.23; 95% CI: 2.37-8.09), being physically inactive (AOR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.37-2.24), being overweight (AOR = 4.00; 95% CI: 2.58-5.41), being obese (AOR = 6.82; 95% CI: 2.21-11.43), and having hypertension (AOR = 3.84; 95% CI: 1.29-6.40) were the factors associated with central obesity. CONCLUSION The prevalence of central obesity was high in Ethiopia. Being a woman, having a higher socioeconomic class, being older, being physically inactive, being overweight or obese, and having hypertension were all associated. Therefore, it is vital for the government and health organizations to design and implement preventive measures like early detection, close monitoring, and positive reversal of central obesity in all patients and the general population. High-quality investigations on the prevalence of central obesity in the Ethiopian people are required to better understand the status of central obesity in Ethiopia. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42022329234.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirubel Dagnaw Tegegne
- Department of Comprehensive Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Kirubel Dagnaw Tegegne,
| | - Gebeyaw Biset Wagaw
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Natnael Atnafu Gebeyehu
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Lehulu Tilahun Yirdaw
- Department of Emergency Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | | | - Nigusie Abebaw Mekonen
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Wudu Kassaw
- School of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Impact of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on the risk of maternal and infant pregnancy complications in Korean women. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:59-67. [PMID: 34489525 PMCID: PMC8748202 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00946-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Healthy weight maintenance before and during pregnancy has a significant effect on pregnancy outcomes; however, there are no specific guidelines for gestational weight gain in pregnant Korean women. Therefore, we investigated the impact of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain on the risk of maternal and infant pregnancy complications in pregnant Korean women. METHODS Study participants comprised 3454 singleton pregnant women from the Korean Pregnancy Outcome Study who had baseline examination and pregnancy outcome data. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain were categorized according to the Asia-pacific regional guidelines and the Institute of Medicine recommendations, respectively. The primary outcome was any adverse outcomes, defined as the presence of one or more of the following: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, peripartum depressive symptom, cesarean delivery, delivery complications, preterm birth, small or large weight infant, neonatal intensive care unit admission, or a congenital anomaly. Multiple logistic regression models were applied to examine the independent and combined impact of pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain on the risk of maternal and infant outcomes. RESULTS Obesity before pregnancy significantly increased the risk of perinatal adverse outcomes by more than 2.5 times [odds ratio (OR): 2.512, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.817-3.473]. Compared to that in women with appropriate gestational weight gain, women with excessive weight gain had a 36.4% incremental increase in the risk of any adverse outcomes [OR: 1.364, 95% CI: 1.115-1.670]. Moreover, women who were overweight or obese before pregnancy and had excessive gestational weight gain had a three-fold increase in the risk of adverse outcomes [OR: 3.460, 95% CI: 2.210-5.417]. CONCLUSION This study highlights the need for appropriate weight recommendations before and during pregnancy to prevent perinatal complications in Korean women of childbearing age.
Collapse
|
23
|
Zonneveld B, Vu D, Kardys I, van Dalen BM, Snelder SM. Short-term Mortality and Postoperative Complications of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair in Obese versus Non-obese Patients. J Obes Metab Syndr 2021; 30:377-385. [PMID: 34897071 PMCID: PMC8735824 DOI: 10.7570/jomes21057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a risk factor not only for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) but also for complications after vascular surgery. This study was to determine the effect of obesity on short-term mortality and post-intervention complications after AAA repair. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. A systematic search was performed in PubMed; the articles describing the differences in post-intervention complications after open or endovascular repair of an AAA between obese and non-obese patients were selected. The primary outcome was short-term mortality defined as in-hospital mortality or mortality within 30 days after AAA repair. The secondary outcomes were cardiac complications, pulmonary failure, renal failure, and wound infections. The meta-analysis was performed using OpenMeta. Results Four articles were included in the meta-analysis; these articles included 35,989 patients of which 10,917 (30.3%) were obese. The meta-analysis showed no significant differences for short-term mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-1.04). Also, no significant difference was found in pulmonary failure (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.85-1.42). However, obese patients were less likely to suffer from cardiac complications (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55-0.96). Nevertheless, there was a significantly higher risk of renal failure (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05-1.30) and wound infections (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.55-2.38) in obese patients. Conclusion Obesity is not a risk factor for short-term mortality after AAA repair compared to non-obesity. Moreover, obese patients suffer less from cardiac complications than non-obese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zonneveld
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Duyen Vu
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Isabella Kardys
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bas M van Dalen
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne M Snelder
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lee Y, Lee HJ, Yoon S, Shin J, Park KC, Lee SY, Lee S. Association Between Overweight Sarcopenic Population and Acute Vertebral Osteoporotic Compression Fractures in Females: Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:790135. [PMID: 34926531 PMCID: PMC8678084 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.790135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to determine whether the prevalence of acute vertebral osteoporotic compression fractures (VOCF) in the elderly population is related to the distribution of muscles and fat in the human body. Methods: Data of acute VOCF and non-VOCF patients presenting at our institution between January 2018 and May 2020 were analyzed. Patients aged 65 years and older, who underwent body composition test and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the same time were enrolled. After applying exclusion criteria, patients were divided into four groups: normal, sarcopenia without obesity, obesity without sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity. Body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 was considered obesity, and sarcopenia was defined as skeletal muscle index lower than 7.0 kg/m2 in males and 5.4 kg/m2 in females. The VOCF rate was analyzed between the groups. Discussion: A total of 461 patients were included, of whom 103 were males. Among them, 163 (35.36%) had normal body composition, 151 (32.75%) had sarcopenia without obesity, 110 (23.86%) had obesity without sarcopenia, and 37 (8.03%) had sarcopenic obesity. The sarcopenic obesity group had the highest rate of acute VOCF (37.8%), which was statistically significant. Specifically, females with sarcopenic obesity and sarcopenia without obesity had significantly higher acute VOCF rates compared to those with normal body compositions. Multivariate analysis showed that sarcopenic obesity was significantly associated with acute VOCF rate overall, as well as in females. Conclusion: Sarcopenic obesity is strongly associated with acute VOCF, especially in females, and it could be an essential criterion for the prevention of acute VOCF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Younghun Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Ho-Jae Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Gumi Medical Center, Gumi, South Korea
| | - Siyeong Yoon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jaeyeon Shin
- Department of Computer Science, College of IT Engineering, SeMyung University, Jecheon, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Chae Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Health Promotion Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Pocheon, South Korea
| | - So-young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Soonchul Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Network Analysis of Demographics, Dietary Intake, and Comorbidity Interactions. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103563. [PMID: 34684563 PMCID: PMC8539503 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the complex interrelationships among dietary intake, demographics, and the risk of comorbidities. We applied a Gaussian graphical model to calculate the dietary scores of the participants. The network structure of dietary intake, demographics, and comorbidities was estimated in a mixed graphical model. The centrality indices of the nodes (strength (S), closeness (C), and betweenness (B)) were measured to identify the central node. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association between the factors and comorbidities. Among 7423 participants, the strongest pairwise interactions were found between sex and smoking (1.56), sex and employment (0.66), sex and marital status (0.58), marital status and income (0.65), and age and employment (0.58). Among the factors in the network, sex played a central role (S = 4.63, C = 0.014, B = 41), followed by age (S = 2.81, C = 0.013, B = 18), smoking (S = 2.72, C = 0.013, B = 0), and employment (S = 2.17, C = 0.014, B = 22). While the odds of hypertension and diabetes were significantly higher among females than males, an inverse association was observed between high cholesterol and moderate chronic kidney disease. Among these factors, dietary intake was not a strongly interacting factor in the network, whereas age was consistently associated with the comorbidities of hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease.
Collapse
|
26
|
Salmi IA, Hannawi S. Birth Weight Predicts Anthropometric and Body Composition Assessment Results in Adults: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. J Obes Metab Syndr 2021; 30:279-288. [PMID: 34446614 PMCID: PMC8526299 DOI: 10.7570/jomes20135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A poor intrauterine environment is associated with increased risks of hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and/or diabetes. This study evaluated relationships between birth weight and body habitus in a representative sample of the general population. METHODS Adult participants were asked to complete a birth weight questionnaire. Associations between various current anthropometric and body composition measurements and birth weight were investigated. RESULTS Of 7,157 respondents, 4,502 reported their birth weight, which ranged from 0.4 to 7.0 kg with a mean and standard deviation of 3.37±0.7 kg; of these, 384 had low birth weights (LBWs; <2.5 kg). In females, lower birth weights were associated with lower height, weight, lean body mass (LBM), total body water (TBW), fat mass (FM), fat%, and fat-free mass (FFM) than those of higher older birth weights (quintiles); however, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC) were similar across quintiles. In males, LBW was similarly associated with lower height, weight, LBM, TBW, FM, fat%, and FFM, and also with lower WC and HC. The obesity markers such as WC, WHR, and body mass index (BMI) were 47%, 61%, and 45% greater, respectively, in LBW females compared to normal birth weight females, while these associations showed non-significant trend in males with LBW. CONCLUSION In adult male and female respondents, LBW was associated with lower body habitus: central obesity and body fatness (BMI, FM, fat%, FFM, FM/FFM, and FM/FFM2) were more pronounced in females than males, even after taking into account current physical activity and socioeconomic status. These findings indicate LBW may contribute to high blood pressure, dysglycemia and metabolic-abnormalities in adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Issa Al Salmi
- Medicine Department, The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
- Medicine Department, Oman Medical Specialty Board, Muscat, Oman
- Corresponding author Issa Al Salmi, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3443-5972, Medicine Department, The Royal Hospital, 23 July St., P.O. Box 1331,, code 111, Muscat, Oman, Tel: +968-927-09000, Fax: +968-245-99966, E-mail:
| | - Suad Hannawi
- Medicine Department, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, UAE
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu SS, Kim JY, Park JH, Kim S, Lee K, Bae WK, Lee KH, Han JS, Lee H, Jung SY. Fruit Intake and Changes of Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in People with Obesity. Korean J Fam Med 2021; 42:382-389. [PMID: 34607414 PMCID: PMC8490179 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.20.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the relationship between fruit intake, changes in fruit intake, and changes in cardiometabolic factors in people with obesity. METHODS A total of 21,270 subjects (8,718 men, 12,552 women) aged 40 years and over, from the Korean-based Genome and Epidemiology Study, were followed up for an average of 4.4 years. Fruit intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and the second follow-up. The beta coefficient and confidence intervals for changes in cardiometabolic risk factors according to fruit consumption were calculated using a linear regression model. RESULTS In men, the abdominal circumference decreased with changes in fruit intake (P=0.029). Fruit intake and increased fruit intake in men were associated with a lower systolic blood pressure (P=0.012 and P=0.02, respectively) and lower triglyceride levels (P=0.002 and P<0.001, respectively). In women, abdominal circumference decreased with both fruit intake and increased fruit intake (P<0.001 and P=0.013, respectively). Systolic blood pressure and triglycerides tended to decrease only with fruit intake (P=0.048 and P<0.001, respectively). Unlike in men, fasting blood glucose tended to decrease in women with both fruit intake and increased fruit intake (P=0.011 and P=0.005, respectively). CONCLUSION Fruit intake and increased fruit intake may have beneficial effects on cardiometabolic risk factors among individuals who are obese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiao Shih Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Young Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jung Ha Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sohye Kim
- Nutrition Care Services, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kiheon Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Bae
- Department of Family Medicine, Health Promotion Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kee Hyuck Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jong Soo Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Health Promotion Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Se Young Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Park JH, Seo EJ, Bae SH. Incidence and Risk Factors of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease in Korean Menopausal Women: A Retrospective Observational Study using the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study data. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2021; 15:265-271. [PMID: 34438085 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardio-cerebrovascular diseases constitute the most common and fatal disease among menopausal women. However, the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in menopausal women compared to men has been underestimated, with insufficient related studies. Therefore, we examined the incidence and risk factors of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases among Korean menopausal women. METHODS A retrospective observational study design with secondary analysis was conducted using data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study survey. We used the study's data of 1,197 menopausal women, aged 40-64 years, who did not have cardio-cerebrovascular diseases at baseline and their related data from the biennial follow-ups over 14 years. Cardio-cerebrovascular diseases were defined as hypertension, coronary artery disease, or stroke. The incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases was calculated per person-years, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the predictors of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases during the follow-up period. RESULTS Of the 1,197 cases, 264 were early or surgical menopausal women. The overall incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases was 18.75 per 1,000 person-years. Early or surgical menopause (HR = 4.32, p < .001), along with family history of cardiovascular disease (HR = 1.87, p = .024), elevated blood pressure (HR = 1.79, p < .001), abdominal obesity (HR = 1.37, p = .046), or duration of menopause at the same age (HR = 1.01, p = .001), were strong predictors of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to identify and closely monitor women with early or surgical menopause for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prevention. Also, prevention of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases through blood pressure and abdominal obesity management is vital for menopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hee Park
- College of Nursing·Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Seo
- College of Nursing·Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hyoung Bae
- College of Nursing·Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Association of Primary Hypertension and Risk of Cerebrovascular Diseases with Overweight and Physical Activity in Korean Women: A Longitudinal Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9091093. [PMID: 34574867 PMCID: PMC8465631 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9091093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular diseases include stroke, intracranial stenosis, aneurysms, and vascular malformations; primary hypertension is typically associated with cerebrovascular disease. The incidence of these diseases is higher in men than in women, and low physical activity and obesity are known to increase the risk of cerebrovascular disease. This study aimed to longitudinally analyze the adjusted relative risk (ARR) of primary hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases, in relation to body mass index (BMI) and physical activity (PA), in Korean women. The study retrieved the data of 1,464,377 adult Korean women (aged 50–79 years), who participated in the national health screening program from 2002 to 2003. The participants had no history of primary hypertension or cerebrovascular diseases, and were followed up by the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) until 2013. The participants were divided into the following groups: normal weight (18.5–24.9), overweight (25.0–29.9), and obese (≥30.0) kg/m2, based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The frequency of PA (days) was determined using a physical activity questionnaire, and defined as low (0–2), medium (3–4), and high (5–7) days. The RR was calculated using Cox regression. Three models were created based on the adjusted variables. The ARR for hypertension was 0.933 (95% CI; 0.920–0.955, p < 0.001) in obese patients with medium PA. Primary hypertension was lower (ARR: 0.943; 95% CI; 0.928–0.961, p < 0.001) in overweight participants with medium PA, than in those with low PA. The incidence of cerebrovascular disease was lower in overweight individuals with medium PA (ARR: 0.945, 95% CI; 0.925–0.976, p < 0.001), than in those with low PA. The risk of cerebrovascular disease was reduced in normal-weight participants with medium PA (ARR: 0.889; 95% CI: 0.854–0.919; p < 0.001), than in those with high PA (ARR 0.913; 95% CI; 0.889–0.953, p < 0.001). In the obese group, there was no significant difference in the risk of cerebrovascular disease, based on the frequency of PA. In conclusion, the relative risk of primary hypertension in women was lower with moderate activity than with low activity, in the normal-weight and overweight groups. The relative risk of cerebrovascular disease was lower in the participants with moderate and high activity than in those with low activity, even at normal weight. In obese individuals, moderate and high activity reduced cerebrovascular disease compared to low activity. Therefore, regardless of obesity, PA may contribute to the prevention of primary hypertension and cerebrovascular disease in adult women.
Collapse
|
30
|
Park IS, Kim SI, Han Y, Yoo J, Seol A, Jo H, Lee J, Wang W, Han K, Song YS. Risk of female-specific cancers according to obesity and menopausal status in 2•7 million Korean women: Similar trends between Korean and Western women. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2021; 11:100146. [PMID: 34327357 PMCID: PMC8315398 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies examining the relationship between obesity and female-specific cancers have been mainly conducted in Western populations. We aimed to investigate the risk of female-specific cancers according to obesity and menopausal status using a nationwide cohort in Korea. METHODS We identified 2,708,938 women from the National Health Insurance Service cohort, and obtained baseline body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and other healthcare data, measured and collected during a health examinations and cancer-screening survey. By setting a normal weight/WC group (BMI, 18•5-22•9 kg/m2 or WC, 80•0-84•9 cm) as the reference, we conducted multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazard model to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for each cancer. FINDINGS The total follow-up duration was 22389854•63 person-years. In post-menopausal women, the risk of breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers significantly increased as the BMI classification level increased from normal to class II obesity (aHRs [95% CIs], 1•49 [1•38-1.61], 2•11 [1•81-2•46], and 1•38 [1•20-1•58], respectively). The risk of breast and endometrial cancers also increased as the WC classification increased from < 75•0 to ≥ 95•0 cm. With a WC of 80•0-84•9 cm as the reference, the lowest risk of breast and endometrial cancers was observed in WC < 75•0 cm (aHRs [95% CIs], 0•85 [0•81-0•89] and 0•75 [0•67-0•84], respectively) while the highest risk was observed in WC ≥ 95•0 cm (aHRs [95% CIs], 1•19 [1•10-1•29] and 1•56 [1•33-1•82], respectively). In pre-menopausal women, the risk of breast cancer significantly decreased in those with class I and II obesity compared to those with normal BMI (aHRs [95% CIs], 0•96 [0•92-0•999] and 0•89 [0•81-0•97], respectively), whereas the trends of endometrial and ovarian cancer incidence in pre-menopausal women were similar to those observed in post-menopausal women. For cervical cancer, only class II obesity was significantly associated with increased risks in both post-menopausal and pre-menopausal women (aHRs [95% CIs], 1•18 [1•01-1•39] and 1•27 [1•02-1•57], respectively). INTERPRETATION In this large population-based cohort study in Korean women, we observed that the impact of obesity on the development of female-specific cancers differs according to the malignancy type and menopausal status. Similar trends were observed between Korean and Western women. FUNDING The Korea Health Industry Development Institute (no. HI16C2037).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- In Sil Park
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Ik Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjin Han
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhwan Yoo
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aeran Seol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunA Jo
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juwon Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kim BY, Kang SM, Kang JH, Kang SY, Kim KK, Kim KB, Kim B, Kim SJ, Kim YH, Kim JH, Kim JH, Kim EM, Nam GE, Park JY, Son JW, Shin YA, Shin HJ, Oh TJ, Lee H, Jeon EJ, Chung S, Hong YH, Kim CH. 2020 Korean Society for the Study of Obesity Guidelines for the Management of Obesity in Korea. J Obes Metab Syndr 2021; 30:81-92. [PMID: 34045368 PMCID: PMC8277596 DOI: 10.7570/jomes21022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a prevalent and complex disease. The prevalence of obesity in Korea increased from 29.7% in 2010 to 35.7% in 2018, with the prevalence of abdominal obesity being 23.8% in 2018. Obesity contributes to medical costs and socioeconomic burden due to associated comorbidities. The treatment and management of obesity is changing based on new clinical evidence. The 2020 Korean Society for the Study of Obesity Guideline for the Management of Obesity in Korea summarizes evidence-based recommendations and treatment guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yeon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Seon Mee Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seo Young Kang
- International Healthcare Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Kon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Bae Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Korea Military Academy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bomtaeck Kim
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine (AUSOM), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Jun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Park
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jang Won Son
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Yun-A Shin
- Department of Prescription and Rehabilitation of Exercise, College of Sport Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hye-Jung Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Jung Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyug Lee
- Central St' Mary's Clinic Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eon-Ju Jeon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sochung Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Hee Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Chong Hwa Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Sejong General Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Arafa A, Lee HH, Eshak ES, Shirai K, Liu K, Li J, Anni NS, Shim SY, Kim HC, Iso H. Modifiable Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Korea and Japan. Korean Circ J 2021; 51:643-655. [PMID: 34227266 PMCID: PMC8326218 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2021.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and a major contributor to disability worldwide. Since the majority of cardiovascular events are preventable, identification of modifiable CVD risk factors and implementation of primordial prevention strategies should be a public health priority. In this aspect, the American Heart Association declared a strategic goal to reduce total CVD mortality in the US by 20% within 10 years via eliminating 7 major CVD risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, and poor-quality diet) in 2010, and their strategy has been achieving. However, the applicability of similar metrics to prevent CVD among East Asians requires an in-depth investigation of the modifiable CVD risk factors based on national and regional evidence-based findings. Herein, this review article aims to discuss several modifiable risk factors for CVDs, using epidemiological evidence from cohort studies and nationally representative data of 2 East Asian countries: Korea and Japan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Hyeok Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Sun Young Shim
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Turana Y, Tengkawan J, Chia YC, Nathaniel M, Wang J, Sukonthasarn A, Chen C, Minh HV, Buranakitjaroen P, Shin J, Siddique S, Nailes JM, Park S, Teo BW, Sison J, Ann Soenarta A, Hoshide S, Tay JC, Prasad Sogunuru G, Zhang Y, Verma N, Wang T, Kario K. Hypertension and stroke in Asia: A comprehensive review from HOPE Asia. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:513-521. [PMID: 33190399 PMCID: PMC8029540 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the primary cause of disability and vascular death worldwide, including Asia. Asian characteristics that differ from the West lead to higher stroke incidence. Stroke epidemiology studies in Asia have shown varying levels of mortality, incidence, prevalence, and burden of disease. Hypertension is the most prevalent risk factor found in Asia. Besides ethnicity that is associated with stroke incidence, both systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and blood pressure variability are positively correlated with stroke incidence. Post-stroke cognitive impairment is one of the sequelae that affect one-third of stroke survivors and has become a significant public health concern that is often neglected despite its increasing prevalence. Therefore, it is very important to prevent recurrence by treating stroke optimally and effectively. Increasing awareness and treatment adherence to hypertension, the leading risk factor for stroke, became the main goal in several countries in Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuda Turana
- School of Medicine and Health SciencesAtma Jaya Catholic University of IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Jeslyn Tengkawan
- School of Medicine and Health SciencesAtma Jaya Catholic University of IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Yook Chin Chia
- Department of Medical SciencesSchool of Healthcare and Medical SciencesSunway UniversityBandar SunwayMalaysia
- Department of Primary Care MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Michael Nathaniel
- School of Medicine and Health SciencesAtma Jaya Catholic University of IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Ji‐Guang Wang
- Department of HypertensionCentre for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical TrialsThe Shanghai Institute of HypertensionShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Apichard Sukonthasarn
- Cardiology DivisionDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | - Chen‐Huan Chen
- Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineNational Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Huynh Van Minh
- Department of CardiologyHue University HospitalHue UniversityHue CityVietnam
| | - Peera Buranakitjaroen
- Division of HypertensionDepartment of MedicineFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Jinho Shin
- Faculty of Cardiology ServiceHanyang University Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | | | - Jennifer M. Nailes
- University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center Inc.Quezon CityPhilippines
| | - Sungha Park
- Division of CardiologyCardiovascular HospitalYonsei Health SystemSeoulKorea
| | - Boon Wee Teo
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineNational University Health SystemSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Jorge Sison
- Section of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineMedical Center ManilaManilaPhilippines
| | - Arieska Ann Soenarta
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Indonesia‐National Cardiovascular CenterHarapan KitaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Satoshi Hoshide
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of MedicineJichi Medical University School of MedicineTochigiJapan
| | - Jam Chin Tay
- Department of General MedicineTan Tock Seng HospitalSingaporeSingapore
| | - Guru Prasad Sogunuru
- MIOT International HospitalChennaiIndia
- College of Medical SciencesKathmandu UniversityBharatpurNepal
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Divisions of Hypertension and Heart FailureFu Wai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Narsingh Verma
- Department of PhysiologyKing George's Medical UniversityLucknowIndia
| | - Tzung‐Dau Wang
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of MedicineJichi Medical University School of MedicineTochigiJapan
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lee JH, Chon S, Cha SA, Lim SY, Kim KR, Yun JS, Rhee SY, Yoon KH, Ahn YB, Woo JT, Ko SH. Impaired fasting glucose levels in overweight or obese subjects for screening of type 2 diabetes in Korea. Korean J Intern Med 2021; 36:382-391. [PMID: 32114752 PMCID: PMC7969057 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2019.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We examined the concordance rate among fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour post-challenge glucose (2hr PG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the diagnosis of diabetes in a population with a high-risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Korea. METHODS Among the participants from the Korean Diabetes Prevention Study, individuals with FPG ≥ 100 mg/dL, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 23.0 kg/m2, and no previous history of T2DM were consecutively enrolled after a 75 g glucose tolerance test. We analyzed the differences in the clinical characteristics in subjects with stage 1 (FPG, 100 to 109 mg/dL) and stage 2 (FPG, 110 to 125 mg/dL) impaired fasting glucose (IFG). RESULTS Of 1,637 participants, 27.2% had T2DM and 59.3% had IFG and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The mean age was 55.0 ± 8.1 years and the mean BMI was 26.3 ± 2.7 kg/m2. Based on FPG criteria, 515 (31.4%) and 352 (21.5%) subjects were classified as having stage 1 and stage 2 IFG, respectively. The 19.0% of stage 1 and 43.5% of stage 2 subjects showed 2hr PG levels in the diabetic range. Even for those in the normal FPG range, 63 (9.5%) participants showed a 2hr PG level of ≥ 200 mg/dL. Of 446 subjects with newly-diagnosed diabetes, 340 (76.2%) showed FPG levels < 126 mg/dL. CONCLUSION The oral glucose tolerance test should be actively considered for Korean adults who are overweight or obese with the IFG range (FPG, 100 to 125 mg/ dL) to allow for early detection of diabetes and prompt intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hee Lee
- Catholic Institute of Smart Healthcare Center, Institute of Biomedical Industry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Chon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seon-Ah Cha
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sun-Young Lim
- Catholic Institute of Smart Healthcare Center, Institute of Biomedical Industry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kook-Rye Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae-Seung Yun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang Youl Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Yoon
- Catholic Institute of Smart Healthcare Center, Institute of Biomedical Industry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Bae Ahn
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Taek Woo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
- Correspondence to Seung-Hyun Ko, M.D. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93 Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon 16247, Korea Tel: +82-31-881-8900 Fax: +82-31-253-8898 E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sung H, Park JM, Oh SU, Ha K, Joung H. Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods Increases the Likelihood of Having Obesity in Korean Women. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020698. [PMID: 33671557 PMCID: PMC7926298 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and obesity among Korean adults. We used the data of 7364 participants (men 3219, women 4145) aged 19-64 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2016-2018. Food items were classified using the NOVA food classification system, depending on the extent and purpose of food processing: (1) unprocessed or minimally processed foods, (2) processed culinary ingredients, (3) processed foods, and (4) ultra-processed foods. Consumption of ultra-processed foods accounted for 26.8% of the total energy intake. After adjusting for potential confounders including sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, subjects with the highest consumption of ultra-processed foods (fourth quartile of % energy intake from ultra-processed foods) had 0.61 kg/m2 higher body mass index (BMI; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23-0.99, p-trend 0.0047), 1.34 cm higher waist circumference (WC; 95% CI 0.35-2.34, p-trend 0.0146), 51% higher odds of being obese (BMI > 25 kg/m2; odds ratio [OR] 1.51, 95% CI 1.14-1.99, p-trend 0.0037), and 64% higher odds of abdominal obesity (men: WC ≥ 90 cm, women: WC ≥ 85 cm; OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.24-2.16, p-trend 0.0004) than those with the lowest consumption (first quartile) among women. However, no association was found in men. These findings provide evidence that high consumption of ultra-processed foods is positively associated with obesity in Korean women. Further studies with a large-scale cohort or intervention trial are needed to identify the mechanism of associations between consumption of ultra-processed foods and health-related outcomes including obesity in Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyuni Sung
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.S.); (J.M.P.); (S.U.O.)
| | - Ji Min Park
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.S.); (J.M.P.); (S.U.O.)
| | - Se Uk Oh
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.S.); (J.M.P.); (S.U.O.)
| | - Kyungho Ha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Hyojee Joung
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.S.); (J.M.P.); (S.U.O.)
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-880-2716
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Effectiveness of liraglutide 3 mg for the treatment of obesity in a real-world setting without intensive lifestyle intervention. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:776-786. [PMID: 33473176 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00739-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the efficacy and safety of liraglutide 3 mg daily in combination with diet and exercise 2, 4, and 6 months after initiation in real-world settings in Korea. METHODS People first using liraglutide starting in 2018 were recruited from ten sites in Korea. Body weight and body mass index (BMI) were measured after 2, 4, and 6 months and compared with baseline values. RESULTS The full cohort comprised 769 participants: 672 in the 2-month group, 427 in the 4-month group, and 219 in the 6-month group. The baseline mean ± standard deviation of BMI and body weight were 32.2 ± 5.1 kg/m2, and 87.5 ± 18.8 kg, respectively. Body weight and BMI decreased after initiation of liraglutide treatment: -2.94 kg and -1.08 kg/m2 at 2 months; -4.23 kg and -1.55 kg/m2 at 4 months, and -5.14 kg and -1.89 kg/m2 at 6 months (all P < 0.001). In the 6-month cohort, 52.5% and 18.3% of subjects lost ≥5% and ≥10% of body weight, respectively. After 6 months, systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly by 3.90 and 1.93 mmHg, respectively. In those with diabetes mellitus, HbA1c and fasting glucose levels decreased significantly by 1.14% and 27.8 mg/dl, respectively. Among all participants, 27.6% experienced adverse effects, including nausea (20.8%), vomiting (5.2%), diarrhoea (2.5%), and skin rash (3.6%). Documented reasons for discontinuation of treatment were lack of effect (4.4%), adverse events (4.3%), and high cost (3.1%). CONCLUSIONS In real-world settings in Korea, daily treatment with liraglutide 3 mg was associated with clinically meaningful weight loss without serious adverse events.
Collapse
|
37
|
Ahn KM, Lee SH, Kim SS. The effect of changes in total body fat amount and abdominal fat ratio on lung function decline in healthy adults. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2021. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2021.9.3.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Min Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - So-Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Sin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Nari F, Jang BN, Kim GR, Park EC, Jang SI. Synergistic Effects and Sex Differences in Anthropometric Measures of Obesity and Elevated High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218279. [PMID: 33182500 PMCID: PMC7665137 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: It remains unclear which anthropometric measure best predicts elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. This study investigated the association and synergistic interaction of two obesity indices with elevated hs-CRP levels in a national sample of Korean adults, stratified by sex. Methods: The present cross-sectional study used data from the 2015–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 18,610 subjects aged ≥20 years after excluding those with missing variables. Multiple logistic regression analyses and chi-squared tests were performed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with elevated hs-CRP levels. Interaction analysis was used to examine the synergistic effect between BMI and WC on the risk of having elevated hs-CRP levels. Results: Elevated hs-CRP levels exceeding 3 mg/L were present in 9.3% and 7.5% of men and women, respectively. The relationship between each obesity index and elevated hs-CRP levels was significant in women (high WC (odds ratio [OR] = 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.24–2.54), high BMI (OR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.58–2.74)) but not in men (high WC (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.86–1.64), high BMI (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.77–1.29)). Furthermore, combined measures of the two obesity indices and interaction analysis results revealed a synergistic association in men (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.33–1.85; relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) = 0.39, 95% CI = −0.09–0.86), and women (OR = 3.70, 95% CI = 3.09–4.43; RERI = 0.85, 95% CI = −0.06–1.75). Conclusion: BMI and WC were significantly associated with a risk of elevated hs-CRP levels in women but not in men. Nevertheless, significant synergistic interactions were seen in combined measures of BMI and WC, regardless of sex. These findings emphasize the need to use both measures of adiposity concurrently in the assessment of obesity and when identifying cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Nari
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (F.N.); (B.N.J.)
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Bich Na Jang
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (F.N.); (B.N.J.)
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Gyu Ri Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-1862
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cho JH, Han KD, Jung HY, Bond A. National health screening may reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among the elderly. Public Health 2020; 187:172-176. [PMID: 32992163 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Since 2007, the Korean government has provided a free health screening to the elderly starting at the age of 66 years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between this general health screening and the incidences of stroke and myocardial infarction and mortality. STUDY DESIGN The study design used in this study is a retrospective cohort study. METHODS The study was conducted using the universe of insurance claims data of Korea and followed a cohort of individuals aged 66 years in 2009 from 2006 through 2016 (n = 354,194). We assessed the association between receipt of the national health screening and health outcomes using propensity matching and Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS We found that the receipt of the national health screening was associated with a reduction in negative health outcomes. The hazard ratio for stroke was 0.89 (P < 0.001), 0.88 (P < 0.001) for myocardial infarction and 0.58 for death (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Korea's national health screening was associated with reductions in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - K D Han
- Department of Biostatistics, Catholic University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-Y Jung
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Bond
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Nam GE, Baek SJ, Choi HB, Han K, Kwak JM, Kim J, Kim SH. Association between Abdominal Obesity and Incident Colorectal Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061368. [PMID: 32466596 PMCID: PMC7352920 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We investigated the association of w May aist circumference (WC) and abdominal obesity with the incident colorectal cancer risk in Korean adults. Methods: This nationwide population-based cohort study was based on health insurance claims data. We analyzed data from 9,959,605 participants acquired through health check-ups of the Korean National Health Insurance Service in 2009 who were followed up until the end of 2017. We performed multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: During 8.3 years of follow up, 101,197 cases (1.0%) of colorectal cancer were recorded. After adjusting for potential confounders, there was a positive association between WC and colorectal cancer risk (p for trend <0.001). Abdominal obesity was associated with an increased risk of colorectal (hazard ratio: 1.10, (95% confidence interval: 1.08–1.12)), colon (1.11, 1.09–1.13), and rectal cancer (1.08, 1.05–1.10). These associations were independent of body mass index and were more pronounced in men and elderly individuals. Conclusion: We revealed that higher WC is related to colorectal cancer risk, thus suggesting that abdominal obesity may be a risk factor for colorectal cancer in this East Asian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Se-Jin Baek
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.-J.B.); (H.B.C.); (J.-M.K.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Hong Bae Choi
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.-J.B.); (H.B.C.); (J.-M.K.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea;
| | - Jung-Myun Kwak
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.-J.B.); (H.B.C.); (J.-M.K.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.-J.B.); (H.B.C.); (J.-M.K.); (S.-H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-920-5346
| | - Seon-Hahn Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.-J.B.); (H.B.C.); (J.-M.K.); (S.-H.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wong MCS, Huang J, Wang J, Chan PSF, Lok V, Chen X, Leung C, Wang HHX, Lao XQ, Zheng ZJ. Global, regional and time-trend prevalence of central obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13.2 million subjects. Eur J Epidemiol 2020; 35:673-683. [PMID: 32448986 PMCID: PMC7387368 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-020-00650-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to examine the global prevalences of central obesity according to age, sex, race, place of residence, geographical region, national income level, and the definitions of central obesity. MEDLINE and Embase were searched. Studies with sample size of ≥ 500 and investigated individuals aged ≥ 15 years were included. Metaprop (a Stata command) was adopted to conduct a meta-analysis of prevalence, and the Freeman-Tukey Double Arcsine Transformation was used to stabilize the variances. A random-effects model was used to evaluate the prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of central obesity. There were 288 studies involving 13,233,675 individuals in this analysis. The overall prevalence of central obesity was 41.5% (95% CI 39.9–43.2%). A higher prevalence was found in older individuals, female subjects, urban residents, Caucasians, and populations of higher income level countries. Regarding regional variations, the highest prevalence was found in Sothern America (55.1%, 95% CI 45.8–64.3%) and Central American (52.9%, 95% CI 32.7–72.7%). Its prevalence was rapidly rising from 1985 to 2014. From 1985–1999 to 2010–2014, younger subjects aged 15–40 years showed a more drastic rise in prevalence (16.3 to 33.9%) than subjects aged > 40 years (43.6 to 57.9%). Male individuals have a more drastic rise (25.3 to 41.6%) than females (38.6 to 49.7%). Major increasing in prevalence of the condition in the past three decades, particularly in certain subgroups. These findings could act as a useful reference to inform public health strategies to minimize the impact of central obesity on population health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin C. S. Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F, School of Public Health, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Junjie Huang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F, School of Public Health, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F, School of Public Health, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Paul S. F. Chan
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F, School of Public Health, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Veeleah Lok
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F, School of Public Health, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiao Chen
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F, School of Public Health, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Colette Leung
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F, School of Public Health, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Harry H. X. Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Qian Lao
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 4/F, School of Public Health, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhi-Jie Zheng
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38, Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Anti-diabetic medications and the risk for colorectal cancer: A population-based nested case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol 2020; 64:101658. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.101658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
43
|
Blanchett JW, Kuhlmann NA, Fidai MS, Borowsky PA, Muh SJ, Makhni EC. Using Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Computer Adaptive Testing Domains to Investigate the Impact of Obesity on Physical Function, Pain Interference, and Mental Health in Sports Medicine Patients. J Obes Metab Syndr 2020; 28:246-253. [PMID: 31909367 PMCID: PMC6939707 DOI: 10.7570/jomes.2019.28.4.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While obesity has become an increasingly prevalent health concern in the United States, little emphasis has been placed on utilizing patient reported outcome measures (PROM) to investigate its impact on life from the patients’ perspective. The purpose of the study was to determine the association between patients’ body mass index (BMI) and three Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) computer adaptive test scores: upper extremity physical function (UE) or lower extremity physical function (PF), pain interference (PI), and depression (D). Methods Patients were recruited from two sports medicine orthopedic surgery clinics. PROMIS questionnaires were administered to patients arriving for their first visit. Patients were stratified into BMI groupings according to the National Institute of Health standards. Patients’ BMI, sex, race, ethnicity, and injury were determined retroactively. Data were analyzed using a Pearson correlation and a least significant difference post hoc test. Results A total of 833 patients completed the set of PROMIS questionnaires that were retrospectively analyzed. BMI was found to have a correlation with PROMIS-UE (R=−0.111, P<0.05), PROMIS-PF (R=−0.174, P<0.01), PROMIS-PI (R=0.224, P<0.01), and PROMIS-D (R=0.092, P<0.05). Obese patients also portrayed the worst PROMIS-UE, PROMIS-PI, and PROMIS-PF. Conclusion We found BMI to correlate with each PROMIS domain: negatively with PROMIS-UE, PROMIS-PF, PROMIS-D, and positively with PROMIS-PI. Additionally, overweight and obese BMI patients portrayed worse physical function and pain interference scores than their healthy group counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob W Blanchett
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, West Bloomfield, MI, USA
| | - Noah A Kuhlmann
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, West Bloomfield, MI, USA
| | - Mohsin S Fidai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, West Bloomfield, MI, USA
| | - Peter A Borowsky
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, West Bloomfield, MI, USA
| | - Stephanie J Muh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, West Bloomfield, MI, USA
| | - Eric C Makhni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, West Bloomfield, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kim BY. Effects of Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diets on Weight Loss, Cardiovascular Health and Mortality. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.36011/cpp.2020.2.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yeon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kim HJ, Ko Y, Kim H, Cha YY, Jang BH, Song YK, Ko SG. A pilot study exploring the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine on Korean obese women with metabolic syndrome risk factors: Double blinded, randomized, multicenter, placebo controlled study protocol clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18955. [PMID: 32000419 PMCID: PMC7004663 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome, a condition that increases one's risk for heart disease and other conditions. The prevalence of obesity and associated diseases have steadily increased among Korean adults. The effect of the herbal medicines Daesiho-tang (DSHT) and Chowiseungcheng-tang (CST) on obesity have been reported. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Daesiho-tang and Chowiseungcheng-tang on obese Korean women with high risk for metabolic syndrome. METHODS/DESIGN This study is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multi-center, 3-arm, parallel group clinical trial. A total of 120 participants will be enrolled and randomly assigned to the Daesiho-tang group, the Chowiseungcheng-tang group, or the placebo group in a 1:1:1 ratio using an internet-based randomization system at visit 2. Each group will be administered DSHT, CST, or placebo 3 times per day for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is to evaluate the changes in mean body weight of participants in the DSHT and CST groups and compare with those in the placebo group, and determine their statistical significance, if any, after 12 weeks. The secondary outcomes are the following: changes in body fat percentage and body fat mass, changes in waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and body mass index, changes in serum lipids, fasting blood sugar, blood pressure, and C-reactive proteins (CRP) levels between visit 1 and visit 5 measurements. Changes in visceral fat volume determined through abdominal computed tomography, patient-reported health outcomes surveys-the Korean version of the Obesity-related Quality of Life and the Korean version of Eating Attitudes Test. DISCUSSION This study will provide research methodologies for evaluating the efficacy and safety of Daesiho-tang and Chowiseungcheng-tang on obese Korean women with high risk for metabolic syndrome. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02651454. Registered on 11 January 2016.Protocol version: The final approved version of the trial protocol is V1.3.(2017.11.10).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-ju Kim
- Oriental Medicine Research Institute, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seong-nam-si
| | - Youme Ko
- Department of Korean Preventive Medicine, Graduate School
- Institute of Safety and Effectiveness Evaluation for Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Seoul
| | - Yun-Yeop Cha
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Sang-ji University, Wonju
| | - Bo-Hyoung Jang
- Department of Korean Preventive Medicine, Graduate School
- Institute of Safety and Effectiveness Evaluation for Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Yun-Kyung Song
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Korean Preventive Medicine, Graduate School
- Institute of Safety and Effectiveness Evaluation for Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nam GE, Kim YH, Han K, Jung JH, Park YG, Lee KW, Rhee EJ, Son JW, Lee SS, Kwon HS, Lee WY, Yoo SJ. Obesity Fact Sheet in Korea, 2018: Data Focusing on Waist Circumference and Obesity-Related Comorbidities. J Obes Metab Syndr 2019; 28:236-245. [PMID: 31909366 PMCID: PMC6939699 DOI: 10.7570/jomes.2019.28.4.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The global prevalence of obesity has increased steadily in recent years. Waist circumference (WC) reflects body composition better than body mass index. The Korean Society for the Study of Obesity released the 2018 Obesity Fact Sheet to address the incidence of obesity-related comorbidities according to WC levels. Methods Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service health examination database from 2009 to 2016 were analyzed. Abdominal obesity was defined as a WC ≥90 cm in men and ≥85 cm in women. Incidence rates of comorbidities and all-cause mortality rates were calculated after standardizing by age and sex based on the 2010 census. Results From 2009 to 2015, the incidence rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke increased both in men and women. Individuals with the lowest WC levels had the highest all-cause mortality rates followed by those with the highest WC levels in men, women, and the total population. The incidence rates of total cancer increased as WC levels escalated between 2009 and 2016. In men, the incidence rates of colorectal, prostate, and liver cancers increased as WC levels increased. The incidence rates of thyroid, colorectal, and stomach cancers increased as WC levels rose in women. In addition, medical expenses continuously increased as WC increased in both men and women. Conclusion Based on the 2018 Obesity Fact Sheet, strategies for reducing the abdominal obesity and related comorbidities and medical expenses are a public health priority.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Gyu Park
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwan-Woo Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jang Won Son
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Seong-Su Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Sang Kwon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Young Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Jib Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lee MJ, Kim EH, Bae SJ, Choe J, Jung CH, Lee WJ, Kim HK. The Authors' Reply: 'The way fat-free mass is reported may change the conclusions regarding its protective effect on metabolic health.' by Legace et al. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2019; 91:905-906. [PMID: 31561268 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Lee
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Bae
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaewon Choe
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hee Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Je Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Kyu Kim
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lee M. Research trends in obesity & obesogenic environments in Korea. Nutr Res Pract 2019; 13:461-472. [PMID: 31814921 PMCID: PMC6883237 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2019.13.6.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Globally, it has been projected that there will be 2 billion overweight and 1 billion obese individuals by 2030. In Korea, the prevalence of adult obesity (BMI>25) increased from 29.7% in 2009 to 32.4% in 2015. Moreover, childhood obesity, which leads to adulthood obesity, has increasingly become a social problem. The purpose of this review is to summarize the scientific basis for the development of effective models and policies aimed at preventing obesity over a lifetime based on research modeling obesogenic environments. MATERIALS/METHODS The review focuses on the characteristics of obesity prevalence and trends in 3P analysis (papers, patents, and products) as well as government-funded projects in Korean obesity obesogenic environments over the last 10 years. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION As a result of the 3P analysis, studies on obesity risk factors were frequently carried out, according to two data bases RISS (4.9%) and PubMed (24.7%). Since there were only 17% patents related to the mechanism of preventing obesity in 7,951 Korean patents related to obesity, new paradigms of technologies to dominate the global obesity markets are needed. After government-funded projects were analyzed, communication and cooperation in multi-governmental departments were suggested to elucidate the characteristics of Korean obesity. Government should also produce short- and long-term road maps to develop a practical, successful outcome. Although the rate of obesity in Korea is currently lower than in other developed countries according to WHO criteria, without adequate governmental intervention, obesity rates will approach those of the top countries with high incidence rates of obesity within the next 10 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myoungsook Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition & Research Institute of Obesity Sciences, Sungshin Women's University, 76ga-55, Dobong-ro, Gangbuk-gu, Soeul 01133, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lim S, Min SH, Lee JH, Kim LK, Lee DH, Lee JE, Kim KM, Lee S, Park KC, Lee YJ. Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults: A Hospital-Based Cohort at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. J Obes Metab Syndr 2019; 28:118-128. [PMID: 31294344 PMCID: PMC6604850 DOI: 10.7570/jomes.2019.28.2.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing in Korea, particularly among young adults. This trend will increase the incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in the future. Therefore, it is imperative to detect and prevent metabolic abnormalities early in life. Here, we established a hospital-based biobank cohort to identify the most prevalent dysmetabolic phenotype. The aim of this report was to inform other researchers of our protocol and to share our data for future collaboration. Methods The baseline examination comprised health-related questionnaires, anthropometric and handgrip strength measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis of body composition, and nutritional assessment. Relevant biochemical parameters were measured, and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria with Asian waist circumference criteria. Results From a total of about 3,000 employees aged 20 to 59 years working at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 1,017 were enrolled from 2015 to 2016. The mean age was 34.5±8.4 years for men (n=311, 30.6%) and 30.9±8.5 years for women (n=706, 69.4%). The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 7.6% (17.7% in men and 3.1% in women). Among the five components of metabolic syndrome, high blood pressure was the most prevalent in both men (51.4%) and women (13.8%). Conclusion Although further follow-up data are needed, we expect that more adverse cardiovascular events may occur in men than in women. This hospital-based cohort will serve as the foundation for a comprehensive evaluation of metabolic syndrome and future cardiometabolic disease risk in middle-aged Koreans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Se Hee Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lee Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jie-Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sunmi Lee
- Human Biobank, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Chan Park
- Human Biobank, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yun Jong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.,Human Biobank, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Seo MH, Lee WY, Kim SS, Kang JH, Kang JH, Kim KK, Kim BY, Kim YH, Kim WJ, Kim EM, Kim HS, Shin YA, Shin HJ, Lee KR, Lee KY, Lee SY, Lee SK, Lee JH, Lee CB, Chung S, Cho YH, Choi KM, Han JS, Yoo SJ. 2018 Korean Society for the Study of Obesity Guideline for the Management of Obesity in Korea. J Obes Metab Syndr 2019; 28:40-45. [PMID: 31089578 PMCID: PMC6484940 DOI: 10.7570/jomes.2019.28.1.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity increases the risks of diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases, ultimately contributing to mortality. Korean Society for the Study of Obesity (KSSO) was established to improve the management of obesity through research and education; to that end, the Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines of KSSO reviews systemic evidence using expert panels to develop clinical guidelines. The clinical practice guidelines for obesity were revised in 2018 using National Health Insurance Service Health checkup data from 2006 to 2015. Following these guidelines, we added a category, class III obesity, which includes individuals with body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m2. Agreeing with the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Asian Pacific Chapter consensus, we determined that bariatric surgery is indicated for Korean patients with BMI ≥35 kg/m2 and for Korean patients with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 who have comorbidities. The new guidelines focus on guiding clinicians and patients to manage obesity more effectively. Our recommendations and treatment algorithms can serve as a guide for the evaluation, prevention, and management of overweight and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hae Seo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Gumi,
Korea
| | - Won-Young Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Jae-Heon Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Kyoung Kon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Bo-Yeon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon,
Korea
| | - Yang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Won-Jun Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung,
Korea
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Sport Science, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Yun-A Shin
- Department of Exercise Prescription and Rehabilitation, Dankook University, Cheonan,
Korea
| | - Hye-Jung Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Medical Center, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Kyu Rae Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Dongincheon Gil Hospital, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Ki Young Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Sang Yeoup Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan,
Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Joo Ho Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Medical Center, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Chang Beom Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri,
Korea
| | - Sochung Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Young Hye Cho
- Family Medicine Clinic and Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan,
Korea
| | - Kyung Mook Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jung Soon Han
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Korea University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Soon Jib Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon,
Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|