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Yammine L, Picatoste B, Abdullah N, Leahey RA, Johnson EF, Gómez-Banoy N, Rosselot C, Wen J, Hossain T, Goncalves MD, Lo JC, Garcia-Ocaña A, McGraw TE. Spatiotemporal regulation of GIPR signaling impacts glucose homeostasis as revealed in studies of a common GIPR variant. Mol Metab 2023; 78:101831. [PMID: 37925022 PMCID: PMC10665708 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has a role in controlling postprandial metabolic tone. In humans, a GIP receptor (GIPR) variant (Q354, rs1800437) is associated with a lower body mass index (BMI) and increased risk for Type 2 Diabetes. To better understand the impacts of GIPR-Q354 on metabolism, it is necessary to study it in an isogeneic background to the predominant GIPR isoform, E354. To accomplish this objective, we used CRISPR-CAS9 editing to generate mouse models of GIPR-Q354 and GIPR-E354. Here we characterize the metabolic effects of GIPR-Q354 variant in a mouse model (GIPR-Q350). METHODS We generated the GIPR-Q350 mice for in vivo studies of metabolic impact of the variant. We isolated pancreatic islets from GIPR-Q350 mice to study insulin secretion ex vivo. We used a β-cell cell line to understand the impact of the GIPR-Q354 variant on the receptor traffic. RESULTS We found that female GIPR-Q350 mice are leaner than littermate controls, and male GIPR-Q350 mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity, in line with the association of the variant with reduced BMI in humans. GIPR-Q350 mice of both sexes are more glucose tolerant and exhibit an increased sensitivity to GIP. Postprandial GIP levels are reduced in GIPR-Q350 mice, revealing feedback regulation that balances the increased sensitivity of GIP target tissues to secretion of GIP from intestinal endocrine cells. The increased GIP sensitivity is recapitulated ex vivo during glucose stimulated insulin secretion assays in islets. Generation of cAMP in islets downstream of GIPR activation is not affected by the Q354 substitution. However, post-activation traffic of GIPR-Q354 variant in β-cells is altered, characterized by enhanced intracellular dwell time and increased localization to the Trans-Golgi Network (TGN). CONCLUSIONS Our data link altered intracellular traffic of the GIPR-Q354 variant with GIP control of metabolism. We propose that this change in spatiotemporal signaling underlies the physiologic effects of GIPR-Q350/4 and GIPR-E350/4 in mice and humans. These findings contribute to a more complete understanding of the impact of GIPR-Q354 variant on glucose homeostasis that could perhaps be leveraged to enhance pharmacologic targeting of GIPR for the treatment of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Yammine
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Belén Picatoste
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Nazish Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Rosemary A Leahey
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Emma F Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Nicolás Gómez-Banoy
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Carolina Rosselot
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jennifer Wen
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Tahmina Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - James C Lo
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocaña
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Timothy E McGraw
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA; Weill Center for Metabolic Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Erfanian S, Mir H, Abdoli A, Roustazadeh A. Association of gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR) gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus in iranian patients. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:44. [PMID: 36882778 PMCID: PMC9990261 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR) encodes a G-protein coupled receptor for gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), which was demonstrated to stimulate insulin secretion. Relation of GIPR gene variation to impaired insulin response has been suggested in previous studies. However, little information is available regarding GIPR polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Hence, the aim of the study was to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter and coding regions of GIPR in Iranian T2DM patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred subjects including 100 healthy and 100 T2DM patients were recruited in the study. Genotypes and allele frequency of rs34125392, rs4380143 and rs1800437 in the promoter, 5' UTR and coding region of GIPR were investigated by RFLP-PCR and Nested-PCR. RESULTS Our finding indicated that rs34125392 genotype distribution was statistically different between T2DM and healthy groups (P = 0.043). In addition, distribution of T/- + -/- versus TT was significantly different between the both groups (P = 0.021). Moreover, rs34125392 T/- genotype increased the risk of T2DM (OR = 2.68, 95%CI = 1.203-5.653, P = 0.015). However, allele frequency and genotype distributions of rs4380143 and rs1800437 were not statistically different between the groups (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the tested polymorphisms had no effect on biochemical variables. CONCLUSION We concluded that GIPR gene polymorphism is associated with T2DM. In addition; rs34125392 heterozygote genotype may increase the risk of T2DM. More studies with large sample size in other populations are recommended to show the ethnical relation of these polymorphisms to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiedeh Erfanian
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.,Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Hamed Mir
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Amir Abdoli
- Department of Parasitology, School of medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Abazar Roustazadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. .,Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. .,Research Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. .,Ostad motahhari Blvd, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, 74148-46199, Jahrom, Iran.
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3
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He X. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and tissue inflammation: Implications for atherogenic cardiovascular disease. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211070402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has pleiotropic actions on pancreatic endocrine function, adipose tissue lipid metabolism, and skeletal calcium metabolism. Recent data indicate a potential new role for GIP in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. This review focuses on the emerging literature that highlights GIP’s role in inflammation—an established process in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. In vasculature tissue, GIP may reduce concentrations of circulating inflammatory cytokines, attenuate vascular endothelial inflammation, and directly limit atherosclerotic vascular damage. Important to recognize is that evidence exists to support both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of GIP even within the same tissue/cell type. Therefore, future study designs must account for factors such as model heterogeneity, physiological relevance of doses/exposures, potential indirect effects on inflammatory pathways, and the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) agonist form. Elucidating the specific effects of enhanced GIP signaling in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis is crucial given the existing widespread use of DPP4 inhibitors and the emergence of dual-incretin receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming He
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali City, China
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4
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Kizilkaya HS, Sørensen KV, Kibsgaard CJ, Gasbjerg LS, Hauser AS, Sparre-Ulrich AH, Grarup N, Rosenkilde MM. Loss of Function Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor Variants Are Associated With Alterations in BMI, Bone Strength and Cardiovascular Outcomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:749607. [PMID: 34760890 PMCID: PMC8573201 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.749607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and its receptor (GIPR) are involved in multiple physiological systems related to glucose metabolism, bone homeostasis and fat deposition. Recent research has surprisingly indicated that both agonists and antagonists of GIPR may be useful in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes, as both result in weight loss when combined with GLP-1 receptor activation. To understand the receptor signaling related with weight loss, we examined the pharmacological properties of two rare missense GIPR variants, R190Q (rs139215588) and E288G (rs143430880) linked to lower body mass index (BMI) in carriers. At the molecular and cellular level, both variants displayed reduced G protein coupling, impaired arrestin recruitment and internalization, despite maintained high GIP affinity. The physiological phenotyping revealed an overall impaired bone strength, increased systolic blood pressure, altered lipid profile, altered fat distribution combined with increased body impedance in human carriers, thereby substantiating the role of GIP in these physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüsün Sheyma Kizilkaya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kimmie Vestergaard Sørensen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla J Kibsgaard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laerke Smidt Gasbjerg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander S Hauser
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Hovard Sparre-Ulrich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Antag Therapeutics ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Grarup
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette M Rosenkilde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Yuliantie E, van der Velden WJC, Labroska V, Dai A, Zhao F, Darbalaei S, Deganutti G, Xu T, Zhou Q, Yang D, Rosenkilde MM, Sexton PM, Wang MW, Wootten D. Insights into agonist-elicited activation of the human glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114715. [PMID: 34339714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and its receptor (GIPR) are part of the incretin system that regulates glucose homeostasis. A series of GIPR residues putatively important for ligand binding and receptor activation were mutated and pharmacologically evaluated using GIPR selective agonists in cAMP accumulation, ERK1/2 phosphorylation (pERK1/2) and β-arrestin 2 recruitment assays. The impact of mutation on ligand efficacy was determined by operational modelling of experimental data for each mutant, with results mapped onto the full-length, active-state GIPR structure. Two interaction networks, comprising transmembrane helix (TM) 7, TM1 and TM2, and extracellular loop (ECL) 2, TM5 and ECL3 were revealed, respectively. Both networks were critical for Gαs-mediated cAMP accumulation and the recruitment of β-arrestin 2, however, cAMP response was more sensitive to alanine substitution, with most mutated residues displaying reduced signaling. Unlike the other two assays, activation of ERK1/2 was largely independent of the network involving ECL2, TM5 and ECL3, indicating that pERK1/2 is at least partially distinct from Gαs or β-arrestin pathways and this network is also crucial for potential biased agonism at GIPR. Collectively, our work advances understanding of the structure-function relationship of GIPR and provides a framework for the design and/or interpretation of GIP analogues with unique signaling profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elita Yuliantie
- The National Center for Drug Screening and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Viktorija Labroska
- The National Center for Drug Screening and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Antao Dai
- The National Center for Drug Screening and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fenghui Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Sanaz Darbalaei
- The National Center for Drug Screening and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Giuseppe Deganutti
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2DS, UK
| | - Tongyang Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qingtong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dehua Yang
- The National Center for Drug Screening and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mette M Rosenkilde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N DK-2200, Denmark.
| | - Patrick M Sexton
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Ming-Wei Wang
- The National Center for Drug Screening and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Denise Wootten
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
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Trifonova EA, Popovich AA, Makeeva OA, Minaycheva LI, Bocharova AV, Vagaitseva KV, Stepanov VA. Replicative Association Analysis of Genetic Markers of Obesity in the Russian Population. RUSS J GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795421050136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Michałowska J, Miller-Kasprzak E, Bogdański P. Incretin Hormones in Obesity and Related Cardiometabolic Disorders: The Clinical Perspective. Nutrients 2021; 13:351. [PMID: 33503878 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity continues to grow rapidly worldwide, posing many public health challenges of the 21st century. Obese subjects are at major risk for serious diet-related noncommunicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Understanding the mechanisms underlying obesity pathogenesis is needed for the development of effective treatment strategies. Dysregulation of incretin secretion and actions has been observed in obesity and related metabolic disorders; therefore, incretin-based therapies have been developed to provide new therapeutic options. Incretin mimetics present glucose-lowering properties, together with a reduction of appetite and food intake, resulting in weight loss. In this review, we describe the physiology of two known incretins—glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and their role in obesity and related cardiometabolic disorders. We also focus on the available and incoming incretin-based medications that can be used in the treatment of the above-mentioned conditions.
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8
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Jujić A, Nilsson PM, Atabaki-Pasdar N, Dieden A, Tuomi T, Franks PW, Holst JJ, Torekov SS, Ravassa S, Díez J, Persson M, Ahlqvist E, Melander O, Gomez MF, Groop L, Magnusson M. Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Peptide in the High-Normal Range Is Associated With Increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickness. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:224-230. [PMID: 33208488 PMCID: PMC7612445 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While existing evidence supports beneficial cardiovascular effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), emerging studies suggest that glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and/or signaling via the GIP receptor may have untoward cardiovascular effects. Indeed, recent studies show that fasting physiological GIP levels are associated with total mortality and cardiovascular mortality, and it was suggested that GIP plays a role in pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. We investigated the associations between fasting and postchallenge GIP and GLP-1 concentrations and subclinical atherosclerosis as measured by mean intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery (IMTmeanCCA) and maximal intima-media thickness in the carotid bifurcation (IMTmaxBulb). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants at reexamination within the Malmö Diet and Cancer-Cardiovascular Cohort study (n = 3,734, mean age 72.5 years, 59.3% women, 10.8% subjects with diabetes, fasting GIP available for 3,342 subjects, fasting GLP-1 available for 3,299 subjects) underwent oral glucose tolerance testing and carotid ultrasound. RESULTS In linear regression analyses, each 1-SD increment of fasting GIP was associated with increased (per mm) IMTmeanCCA (β = 0.010, P = 0.010) and IMTmaxBulb (β = 0.014; P = 0.040) in models adjusted for known risk factors and glucose metabolism. In contrast, each 1-SD increment of fasting GLP-1 was associated with decreased IMTmaxBulb (per mm, β = -0.016, P = 0.014). These associations remained significant when subjects with diabetes were excluded from analyses. CONCLUSIONS In a Swedish elderly population, physiologically elevated levels of fasting GIP are associated with increased IMTmeanCCA, while GLP-1 is associated with decreased IMTmaxBulb, further emphasizing diverging cardiovascular effects of these two incretin hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amra Jujić
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden .,Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.,Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Anna Dieden
- Department of Biomedical Science, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Folkhälsan Research Centre, Biomedicum, and Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jens Juul Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Sørensen Torekov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susana Ravassa
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Díez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery and Department of Nephrology, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria F Gomez
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Folkhälsan Research Centre, Biomedicum, and Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North-West University Potchefstroom, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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9
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Jujić A, Atabaki-Pasdar N, Nilsson PM, Almgren P, Hakaste L, Tuomi T, Berglund LM, Franks PW, Holst JJ, Prasad RB, Torekov SS, Ravassa S, Díez J, Persson M, Melander O, Gomez MF, Groop L, Ahlqvist E, Magnusson M. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide and risk of cardiovascular events and mortality: a prospective study. Diabetologia 2020; 63:1043-1054. [PMID: 31974732 PMCID: PMC7145777 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Evidence that glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and/or the GIP receptor (GIPR) are involved in cardiovascular biology is emerging. We hypothesised that GIP has untoward effects on cardiovascular biology, in contrast to glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and therefore investigated the effects of GIP and GLP-1 concentrations on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality risk. METHODS GIP concentrations were successfully measured during OGTTs in two independent populations (Malmö Diet Cancer-Cardiovascular Cohort [MDC-CC] and Prevalence, Prediction and Prevention of Diabetes in Botnia [PPP-Botnia]) in a total of 8044 subjects. GLP-1 (n = 3625) was measured in MDC-CC. The incidence of CVD and mortality was assessed via national/regional registers or questionnaires. Further, a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (2SMR) analysis between the GIP pathway and outcomes (coronary artery disease [CAD] and myocardial infarction) was carried out using a GIP-associated genetic variant, rs1800437, as instrumental variable. An additional reverse 2SMR was performed with CAD as exposure variable and GIP as outcome variable, with the instrumental variables constructed from 114 known genetic risk variants for CAD. RESULTS In meta-analyses, higher fasting levels of GIP were associated with risk of higher total mortality (HR[95% CI] = 1.22 [1.11, 1.35]; p = 4.5 × 10-5) and death from CVD (HR[95% CI] 1.30 [1.11, 1.52]; p = 0.001). In accordance, 2SMR analysis revealed that increasing GIP concentrations were associated with CAD and myocardial infarction, and an additional reverse 2SMR revealed no significant effect of CAD on GIP levels, thus confirming a possible effect solely of GIP on CAD. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In two prospective, community-based studies, elevated levels of GIP were associated with greater risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality within 5-9 years of follow-up, whereas GLP-1 levels were not associated with excess risk. Further studies are warranted to determine the cardiovascular effects of GIP per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amra Jujić
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Hämtställe HS 36, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Inga Marie Nilssons gata 49, 20502, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Peter M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Almgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Liisa Hakaste
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lisa M Berglund
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jens J Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rashmi B Prasad
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Signe S Torekov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susana Ravassa
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Díez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nephrology, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria F Gomez
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martin Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Hämtställe HS 36, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden.
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Inga Marie Nilssons gata 49, 20502, Malmö, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
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10
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Heimbürger SM, Bergmann NC, Augustin R, Gasbjerg LS, Christensen MB, Knop FK. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and cardiovascular disease. Peptides 2020; 125:170174. [PMID: 31689454 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in addition to its involvement in type 2 diabetic pathophysiology may be involved in the development of obesity and the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we outline recent preclinical and clinical cardiovascular-related discoveries about GIP. These include chronotropic and blood pressure-lowering effects of GIP. Furthermore, GIP has been suggested to control vasodilation via secretion of nitric oxide, and vascular leukocyte adhesion and inflammation via expression and secretion of endothelin 1. Also, GIP seems to regulate circulating lipids via effects on adipose tissue uptake and metabolism of lipids. Lastly, we discuss how dysmetabolic conditions such as obesity and type 2 diabetes may shift the actions of GIP in an atherogenic direction, and we provide a perspective on the therapeutic potential of GIP receptor agonism and antagonism in cardiovascular diseases. We conclude that GIP actions may have implications for the development of cardiovascular disease, but also that the potential of GIP-based drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular disease currently is uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian M Heimbürger
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Natasha C Bergmann
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Robert Augustin
- Department of Cardiometabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH & CoKG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Lærke S Gasbjerg
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel B Christensen
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filip K Knop
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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11
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Gabe MBN, van der Velden WJC, Smit FX, Gasbjerg LS, Rosenkilde MM. Molecular interactions of full-length and truncated GIP peptides with the GIP receptor - A comprehensive review. Peptides 2020; 125:170224. [PMID: 31809770 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic cleavage of endogenous peptides is a commonly used principle to initiate, modulate and terminate action for instance among cytokines and peptide hormones. The incretin hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and the related hormone glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) are all rapidly N-terminally truncated with severe loss of intrinsic activity. The most abundant circulating form of full length GIP(1-42) is GIP(3-42) (a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) product). GIP(1-30)NH2 is another active form resulting from prohormone convertase 2 (PC2) cleavage of proGIP. Like GIP(1-42), GIP(1-30)NH2 is a substrate for DPP-4 generating GIP(3-30)NH2 which, compared to GIP(3-42), binds with higher affinity and very efficiently inhibits GIP receptor (GIPR) activity with no intrinsic activity. Here, we review the action of these four and multiple other N- and C-terminally truncated forms of GIP with an emphasis on molecular pharmacology, i.e. ligand binding, subsequent receptor activation and desensitization. Our overall conclusion is that the N-terminus is essential for receptor activation as GIP N-terminal truncation leads to decreased/lost intrinsic activity and antagonism (similar to GLP-1 and GLP-2), whereas the C-terminal extension of GIP(1-42), as compared to GLP-1, GLP-2 and glucagon (29-33 amino acids), has no apparent impact on the GIPR in vitro, but may play a role for other properties such as stability and tissue distribution. A deeper understanding of the molecular interaction of naturally occurring and designed GIP-based peptides, and their impact in vivo, may contribute to a future therapeutic targeting of the GIP system - either with agonists or with antagonists, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Buur Nordskov Gabe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wijnand J C van der Velden
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Florent Xavier Smit
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lærke Smidt Gasbjerg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Mette Marie Rosenkilde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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12
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Abstract
The endosomal system plays an essential role in cell homeostasis by controlling cellular signaling, nutrient sensing, cell polarity and cell migration. However, its place in the regulation of tissue, organ and whole body physiology is less well understood. Recent studies have revealed an important role for the endosomal system in regulating glucose and lipid homeostasis, with implications for metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. By taking insights from in vitro studies of endocytosis and exploring their effects on metabolism, we can begin to connect the fields of endosomal transport and metabolic homeostasis. In this review, we explore current understanding of how the endosomal system influences the systemic regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in mice and humans. We highlight exciting new insights that help translate findings from single cells to a wider physiological level and open up new directions for endosomal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Gilleron
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M)NiceFrance
| | - Jantje M. Gerdes
- Institute for Diabetes and RegenerationHelmholtz Center MunichNeuherbergGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Anja Zeigerer
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)NeuherbergGermany
- Institute for Diabetes and CancerHelmholtz Center MunichNeuherbergGermany
- Joint Heidelberg‐IDC Translational Diabetes ProgramHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
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13
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Mannino GC, Andreozzi F, Sesti G. Pharmacogenetics of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the route toward tailored medicine. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3109. [PMID: 30515958 PMCID: PMC6590177 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that has reached the levels of a global epidemic. In order to achieve optimal glucose control, it is often necessary to rely on combination therapy of multiple drugs or insulin because uncontrolled glucose levels result in T2DM progression and enhanced risk of complications and mortality. Several antihyperglycemic agents have been developed over time, and T2DM pharmacotherapy should be prescribed based on suitability for the individual patient's characteristics. Pharmacogenetics is the branch of genetics that investigates how our genome influences individual responses to drugs, therapeutic outcomes, and incidence of adverse effects. In this review, we evaluated the pharmacogenetic evidences currently available in the literature, and we identified the top informative genetic variants associated with response to the most common anti-diabetic drugs: metformin, DPP-4 inhibitors/GLP1R agonists, thiazolidinediones, and sulfonylureas/meglitinides. Overall, we found 40 polymorphisms for each drug class in a total of 71 loci, and we examined the possibility of encouraging genetic screening of these variants/loci in order to critically implement decision-making about the therapeutic approach through precision medicine strategies. It is possible then to anticipate that when the clinical practice will take advantage of the genetic information of the diabetic patients, this will provide a useful resource for the prevention of T2DM progression, enabling the identification of the precise drug that is most likely to be effective and safe for each patient and the reduction of the economic impact on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Chiara Mannino
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity Magna Graecia of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly
| | - Francesco Andreozzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity Magna Graecia of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly
| | - Giorgio Sesti
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity Magna Graecia of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly
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14
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Icer MA, Gezmen-Karadag M. The multiple functions and mechanisms of osteopontin. Clin Biochem 2018; 59:17-24. [PMID: 30003880 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a highly phosphorylated glycophosphoprotein having acidic characteristics and rich in aspartic acid. OPN, a multifunctional protein, has important functions on cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and kidney stone diseases and in the process of inflammation, biomineralization, cell viability and wound healing. Osteopontin acts on organisms by playing a key role in secretion levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-12 (IL-12), interleukin-3 (IL-3), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), integrin αvB3, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), macrophage and T cells, regulating the osteoclast function and affecting CD44 receptors. The aim of the present review is to address majority of different functions of OPN protein which are known, suspected or suggested through the data obtained about this protein yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Arif Icer
- Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, 06500 Beşevler, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Makbule Gezmen-Karadag
- Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, 06500 Beşevler, Ankara, Turkey.
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15
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Pfeiffer AFH, Keyhani-Nejad F. High Glycemic Index Metabolic Damage - a Pivotal Role of GIP and GLP-1. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2018; 29:289-299. [PMID: 29602522 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
When glucose-fructose dimers are supplied as the slowly digestible, completely absorbable, low glycemic index (GI) sugar isomaltulose, the detrimental effects of high GI sucrose are avoided. This difference requires the presence of intact glucose-induced insulinotropic peptide receptor (GIPR) and is mediated by the rapid uptake of glucose and the stimulation of GIP release from K cells in the upper small intestine. GIP promotes lipogenesis, fatty liver, insulin resistance, and postprandial inflammation, and reduces fat oxidation in skeletal muscle, partly by hypothalamic interference with energy partitioning and epigenetic programming. GIP is similarly required for the detrimental metabolic effects of other high GI carbohydrates. We therefore propose that the release of GIP in the upper small intestine is an important determinant of the metabolic quality of carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas F H Pfeiffer
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany; Department for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité - University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Potsdam and Berlin.
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16
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Skuratovskaia D, Vulf M, Kirienkova E, Mironyuk N, Zatolokin P, Litvinova L. The role of single nucleotide polymorphisms in GIPR gene in the changes of secretion in hormones and adipokines in patients with obesity with type 2 diabetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 64:208-216. [DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20186402208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between the rs2302382, rs8111428 and Glu354Gln (rs1800437) polymorphisms in GIPR (glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor) gene and plasma levels of mediators involved in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in obese patients with type 2 diabetes (before and after a test breakfast) was investigated. The contribution of polymorphic variants of rs2302382, rs8111428 in GIPR gene in the predisposition to type 2 diabetes in individuals belonging to the Slavic population of Russia was found. Polymorphisms rs2302382 and rs8111428 in the GIPR gene were characterized by the nonequilibrium cohesion. The decrease in the level of expression of the GIPR gene in adipose tissue of the small intestine mesentery in the carriers of the CC genotype rs2302382 and AA rs8111428 was associated with the increase in the plasma leptin level, whereas during normal expression, the plasma content of insulin, and GIP (in persons with the genotype of the polymorphism rs2302382 and AG polymorphism rs8111428), resistin and ghrelin (in individuals with the genotype of the polymorphism rs2302382) increased. We propose the stimulating effect of GIP on the secretion of resistin, leptin and ghrelin, with an increase in insulin production in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M.A. Vulf
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - E.V. Kirienkova
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - N.I. Mironyuk
- Regional Clinical Hospital of the Kaliningrad Region, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - P.A. Zatolokin
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia; Regional Clinical Hospital of the Kaliningrad Region, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - L.S. Litvinova
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
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17
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Abdullah N, Beg M, Soares D, Dittman JS, McGraw TE. Downregulation of a GPCR by β-Arrestin2-Mediated Switch from an Endosomal to a TGN Recycling Pathway. Cell Rep 2016; 17:2966-78. [PMID: 27974210 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone involved in nutrient homeostasis. GIP receptor (GIPR) is constitutively internalized and returned to the plasma membrane, atypical behavior for a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). GIP promotes GIPR downregulation from the plasma membrane by inhibiting recycling without affecting internalization. This transient desensitization is achieved by altered intracellular trafficking of activated GIPR. GIP stimulation induces a switch in GIPR recycling from a rapid endosomal to a slow trans-Golgi network (TGN) pathway. GPCR kinases and β-arrestin2 are required for this switch in recycling. A coding sequence variant of GIPR, which has been associated with metabolic alterations, has altered post-activation trafficking characterized by enhanced downregulation and prolonged desensitization. Downregulation of the variant requires β-arrestin2 targeting to the TGN but is independent of GPCR kinases. The single amino acid substitution in the variant biases the receptor to promote GIP-stimulated β-arrestin2 recruitment without receptor phosphorylation, thereby enhancing downregulation.
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18
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Shalaby SM, Zidan HE, Shokry A, Saeed J, El-Sokkary RH. Association of incretin receptors genetic polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Egyptian patients. J Gene Med 2017; 19:e2973. [DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sally M. Shalaby
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine; Zagazig University; Zagazig Egypt
| | - Haidy E. Zidan
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine; Zagazig University; Zagazig Egypt
| | - Amira Shokry
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine; Zagazig University; Zagazig Egypt
| | - Jehan Saeed
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine; Zagazig University; Zagazig Egypt
| | - Rehab H. El-Sokkary
- Microbiology & Immunolgy Department, Faculty of Medicine; Zagazig University; Zagazig Egypt
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19
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Lu D, Huang J, Ma X, Gu N, Zhang J, Zhang H, Guo X. Rs46522 in the Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme E2Z Gene Is Associated with the Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Individuals of Chinese Han Population with Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:4501794. [PMID: 28840129 PMCID: PMC5559927 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4501794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the association between ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2Z (UBE2Z) gene SNP rs46522 and the risk of CAD in a Chinese Han population with type 2 diabetes and explored a possible interactive effect with environmental risk factors of CAD. METHODS 665 patients with T2D were enrolled; 390 were CAD patients and 275 were non-CAD patients. Genotype analysis of rs46522 (T>C) was performed using PCR-RFLP. RESULTS The SNP rs47522 was associated with the risk of CAD supposing recessive inheritance model (TT versus CC+CT, OR' = 1.277, 95%CI' 1.039-1.570, p' = 0.020) and codominant model (TT versus CT, OR' = 1.673, 95%CI' 1.088-2.570, p' = 0.019) after adjustment for confounders of CAD. A synergistic effect of rs46522 and BMI was discovered (β = 0.012, p for interreaction = 0.028). In subgroup analysis, minor allele T was significantly associated with CAD in overweight and obesity subgroup (p = 0.034), and the association was also proved in recessive model (OR = 1.537, 95%CI 1.075-2.196, p = 0.018). Smokers with genotype TT had threefold risk of CAD in comparison to nonsmokers with genotype TC or CC (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The SNP rs46522 in UBE2Z gene is associated with the risk of CAD in the individuals of Chinese Han descent with type 2 diabetes and is of synergistic effect with BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Difei Lu
- Endocrinology Department, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Endocrinology Department, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- Endocrinology Department, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
- *Xiaowei Ma:
| | - Nan Gu
- Endocrinology Department, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Endocrinology Department, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Endocrinology Department, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Endocrinology Department, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, China
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20
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Berglund LM, Lyssenko V, Ladenvall C, Kotova O, Edsfeldt A, Pilgaard K, Alkayyali S, Brøns C, Forsblom C, Jonsson A, Zetterqvist AV, Nitulescu M, McDavitt CR, Dunér P, Stancáková A, Kuusisto J, Ahlqvist E, Lajer M, Tarnow L, Madsbad S, Rossing P, Kieffer TJ, Melander O, Orho-Melander M, Nilsson P, Groop PH, Vaag A, Lindblad B, Gottsäter A, Laakso M, Goncalves I, Groop L, Gomez MF. Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Stimulates Osteopontin Expression in the Vasculature via Endothelin-1 and CREB. Diabetes 2016; 65:239-54. [PMID: 26395740 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone with extrapancreatic effects beyond glycemic control. Here we demonstrate unexpected effects of GIP signaling in the vasculature. GIP induces the expression of the proatherogenic cytokine osteopontin (OPN) in mouse arteries via local release of endothelin-1 and activation of CREB. Infusion of GIP increases plasma OPN concentrations in healthy individuals. Plasma endothelin-1 and OPN concentrations are positively correlated in patients with critical limb ischemia. Fasting GIP concentrations are higher in individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, stroke) when compared with control subjects. GIP receptor (GIPR) and OPN mRNA levels are higher in carotid endarterectomies from patients with symptoms (stroke, transient ischemic attacks, amaurosis fugax) than in asymptomatic patients, and expression associates with parameters that are characteristic of unstable and inflammatory plaques (increased lipid accumulation, macrophage infiltration, and reduced smooth muscle cell content). While GIPR expression is predominantly endothelial in healthy arteries from humans, mice, rats, and pigs, remarkable upregulation is observed in endothelial and smooth muscle cells upon culture conditions, yielding a "vascular disease-like" phenotype. Moreover, the common variant rs10423928 in the GIPR gene is associated with increased risk of stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Aorta/cytology
- Blotting, Western
- Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics
- Carotid Arteries/cytology
- Case-Control Studies
- Coronary Vessels/cytology
- Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelin-1/genetics
- Endothelin-1/metabolism
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Microvessels/cytology
- Middle Aged
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Osteopontin/genetics
- Osteopontin/metabolism
- Peripheral Arterial Disease/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/genetics
- Stroke/complications
- Stroke/genetics
- Stroke/metabolism
- Sus scrofa
- Swine
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Berglund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Claes Ladenvall
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olga Kotova
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sami Alkayyali
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Jonsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Pontus Dunér
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Alena Stancáková
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria Lajer
- Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Lise Tarnow
- Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Gentofte, Denmark HEALTH University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sten Madsbad
- Department of Endocrinology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Gentofte, Denmark HEALTH University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Timothy J Kieffer
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences and Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Peter Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Vaag
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Gentofte, Denmark Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bengt Lindblad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Isabel Goncalves
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria F Gomez
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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21
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Winsvold BS, Nelson CP, Malik R, Gormley P, Anttila V, Vander Heiden J, Elliott KS, Jacobsen LM, Palta P, Amin N, de Vries B, Hämäläinen E, Freilinger T, Ikram MA, Kessler T, Koiranen M, Ligthart L, McMahon G, Pedersen LM, Willenborg C, Won HH, Olesen J, Artto V, Assimes TL, Blankenberg S, Boomsma DI, Cherkas L, Davey Smith G, Epstein SE, Erdmann J, Ferrari MD, Göbel H, Hall AS, Jarvelin MR, Kallela M, Kaprio J, Kathiresan S, Lehtimäki T, McPherson R, März W, Nyholt DR, O'Donnell CJ, Quaye L, Rader DJ, Raitakari O, Roberts R, Schunkert H, Schürks M, Stewart AFR, Terwindt GM, Thorsteinsdottir U, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, van Duijn C, Wessman M, Kurth T, Kubisch C, Dichgans M, Chasman DI, Cotsapas C, Zwart JA, Samani NJ, Palotie A. Genetic analysis for a shared biological basis between migraine and coronary artery disease. Neurol Genet 2015; 1:e10. [PMID: 27066539 PMCID: PMC4821079 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To apply genetic analysis of genome-wide association data to study the extent and nature of a shared biological basis between migraine and coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS Four separate methods for cross-phenotype genetic analysis were applied on data from 2 large-scale genome-wide association studies of migraine (19,981 cases, 56,667 controls) and CAD (21,076 cases, 63,014 controls). The first 2 methods quantified the extent of overlapping risk variants and assessed the load of CAD risk loci in migraineurs. Genomic regions of shared risk were then identified by analysis of covariance patterns between the 2 phenotypes and by querying known genome-wide significant loci. RESULTS We found a significant overlap of genetic risk loci for migraine and CAD. When stratified by migraine subtype, this was limited to migraine without aura, and the overlap was protective in that patients with migraine had a lower load of CAD risk alleles than controls. Genes indicated by 16 shared risk loci point to mechanisms with potential roles in migraine pathogenesis and CAD, including endothelial dysfunction (PHACTR1) and insulin homeostasis (GIP). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that shared biological processes contribute to risk of migraine and CAD, but surprisingly this commonality is restricted to migraine without aura and the impact is in opposite directions. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these processes and their opposite relationship to migraine and CAD may improve our understanding of both disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rainer Malik
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Priit Palta
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Najaf Amin
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | | | - M Arfan Ikram
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | | | - George McMahon
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | - Hong-Hee Won
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Jes Olesen
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Ville Artto
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | | | - Lynn Cherkas
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | | | | | - Hartmut Göbel
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | - Mikko Kallela
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | - Ruth McPherson
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Winfried März
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | - Lydia Quaye
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Robert Roberts
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | - Markus Schürks
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Maija Wessman
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Tobias Kurth
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | | | - Chris Cotsapas
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | - Aarno Palotie
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
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22
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García-Martínez JM, Chocarro-Calvo A, De la Vieja A, García-Jiménez C. Insulin drives glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide expression via glucose-dependent regulation of FoxO1 and LEF1/β-catenin. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1839:1141-50. [PMID: 25091498 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Minutes after ingestion of fat or carbohydrates, vesicles stored in enteroendocrine cells release their content of incretin peptide hormones that, together with absorbed glucose, enhance insulin secretion by beta-pancreatic cells. Freshly-made incretins must therefore be packed into new vesicles in anticipation of the next meal with cells adjusting new incretin production to be proportional to the level of previous insulin release and absorbed blood glucose. Here we show that insulin stimulates the expression of the major human incretin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) in enteroendocrine cells but requires glucose to do it. Akt-dependent release of FoxO1 and glucose-dependent binding of LEF1/β-catenin mediate induction of Gip expression while insulin-induced phosphorylation of β-catenin does not alter its localization or transcriptional activity in enteroendocrine cells. Our results reveal a glucose-regulated feedback loop at the entero-insular axis, where glucose levels determine basal and insulin-induced Gip expression; GIP stimulation of insulin release, physiologically ensures a fine control of glucose homeostasis. How enteroendocrine cells adjust incretin production to replace incretin stores for future use is a key issue because GIP malfunction is linked to all forms of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Manuel García-Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Chocarro-Calvo
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio De la Vieja
- Endocrine Tumor Unit (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Custodia García-Jiménez
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Mohammad S, Patel RT, Bruno J, Panhwar MS, Wen J, McGraw TE. A naturally occurring GIP receptor variant undergoes enhanced agonist-induced desensitization, which impairs GIP control of adipose insulin sensitivity. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 34:3618-29. [PMID: 25047836 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.00256-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), an incretin hormone secreted from gastrointestinal K cells in response to food intake, has an important role in the control of whole-body metabolism. GIP signals through activation of the GIP receptor (GIPR), a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in the development of metabolic disease. Here we demonstrate that GIPR is constitutively trafficked between the plasma membrane and intracellular compartments of both GIP-stimulated and unstimulated adipocytes. GIP induces a downregulation of plasma membrane GIPR by slowing GIPR recycling without affecting internalization kinetics. This transient reduction in the expression of GIPR in the plasma membrane correlates with desensitization to the effects of GIP. A naturally occurring variant of GIPR (E354Q) associated with an increased incidence of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in humans responds to GIP stimulation with an exaggerated downregulation from the plasma membrane and a delayed recovery of GIP sensitivity following cessation of GIP stimulation. This perturbation in the desensitization-resensitization cycle of the GIPR variant, revealed in studies of cultured adipocytes, may contribute to the link of the E354Q variant to metabolic disease.
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24
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25
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance, abnormally elevated hepatic glucose production, and reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Treatment with antihyperglycemic agents is initially successful in type 2 diabetes, but it is often associated with a high secondary failure rate, and the addition of insulin is eventually necessary for many patients, in order to restore acceptable glycemic control and to reduce the risk of development and progression of disease complications. Notably, even patients who appear to have similar requirements of antidiabetic regimens show great variability in drug disposition, glycemic response, tolerability, and incidence of adverse effects during treatment. Pharmacogenomics is a promising area of investigation and involves the search for genetic polymorphisms that may explain the interindividual variability in antidiabetic therapy response. The initial positive results portend that genomic efforts will be able to shed important light on variability in pharmacologic traits. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of genetic polymorphisms that may affect the responses of subjects with T2DM to antidiabetic treatment. These genes belong to three major classes: genes involved in drug metabolism and transporters that influence pharmacokinetics (including the cytochrome P450 [CYP] superfamily, the organic anion transporting polypeptide [OATP] family, and the polyspecific organic cation transporter [OCT] family); genes encoding drug targets and receptors (including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma [PPARG], the adenosine triphosphate [ATP]-sensitive potassium channel [K(ATP)], and incretin receptors); and genes involved in the causal pathway of T2DM that are able to modify the effects of drugs (including adipokines, transcription factor 7-like 2 (T cell specific, HMG-box) [TCF7L2], insulin receptor substrate 1 [IRS1], nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal) adaptor protein [NOS1AP], and solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter), member 8 [SLC30A8]). In addition to these three major classes, we also review the available evidence on novel genes (CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1-like 1 [CDKAL1], insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 [IGF2BP2], potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily, member 1 [KCNQ1], paired box 4 [PAX4] and neuronal differentiation 1 [NEUROD1] transcription factors, ataxia telangiectasia mutated [ATM], and serine racemase [SRR]) that have recently been proposed as possible modulators of therapeutic response in subjects with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Chiara Mannino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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26
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Schunkert H, König IR, Kathiresan S, Reilly MP, Assimes TL, Holm H, Preuss M, Stewart AFR, Barbalic M, Gieger C, Absher D, Aherrahrou Z, Allayee H, Altshuler D, Anand SS, Andersen K, Anderson JL, Ardissino D, Ball SG, Balmforth AJ, Barnes TA, Becker DM, Becker LC, Berger K, Bis JC, Boekholdt SM, Boerwinkle E, Braund PS, Brown MJ, Burnett MS, Buysschaert I, Carlquist CJF, Chen L, Cichon S, Codd V, Davies RW, Dedoussis G, Dehghan A, Demissie S, Devaney JM, Do R, Doering A, Eifert S, El Mokhtari NE, Ellis SG, Elosua R, Engert JC, Epstein SE, Faire UD, Fischer M, Folsom AR, Freyer J, Gigante B, Girelli D, Gretarsdottir S, Gudnason V, Gulcher JR, Halperin E, Hammond N, Hazen SL, Hofman A, Horne BD, Illig T, Iribarren C, Jones GT, Jukema J, Kaiser MA, Kaplan LM, Kastelein JJ, Khaw KT, Knowles JW, Kolovou G, Kong A, Laaksonen R, Lambrechts D, Leander K, Lettre G, Li M, Lieb W, Linsel-Nitschke P, Loley C, Lotery AJ, Mannucci PM, Maouche S, Martinelli N, McKeown PP, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Melander O, Merlini PA, Mooser V, Morgan T, Mühleisen TW, Muhlestein JB, Münzel T, Musunuru K, Nahrstaedt J, Nelson CP, Nöthen MM, Olivieri O, Patel RS, Patterson CC, Peters A, Peyvandi F, Qu L, Quyyumi AA, Rader DJ, Rallidis LS, Rice C, Rosendaal FR, Rubin D, Salomaa V, Sampietro ML, Sandhu MS, Schadt E, Schäfer A, Schillert A, Schreiber S, Schrezenmeir J, Schwartz SM, Siscovick DS, Sivananthan M, Sivapalaratnam S, Smith A, Smith TB, Snoep JD, Soranzo N, Spertus JA, Stark K, Stirrups K, Stoll M, Tang WHW, Tennstedt S, Thorgeirsson G, Thorleifsson G, Tomaszewski M, Uitterlinden AG, van Rij AM, Voight BF, Wareham NJ, Wells GA, Wichmann HE, Wild PS, Willenborg C, Witteman JCM, Wright BJ, Ye S, Zeller T, Ziegler A, Cambien F, Goodall AH, Cupples LA, Quertermous T, März W, Hengstenberg C, Blankenberg S, Ouwehand WH, Hall AS, Deloukas P, Thompson JR, Stefansson K, Roberts R, Thorsteinsdottir U, O’Donnell CJ, McPherson R, Erdmann J, Samani NJ, Samani NJ. Large-scale association analysis identifies 13 new susceptibility loci for coronary artery disease. Nat Genet 2011; 43:333-8. [PMID: 21378990 PMCID: PMC3119261 DOI: 10.1038/ng.784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1396] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We performed a meta-analysis of 14 genome-wide association studies of coronary artery disease (CAD) comprising 22,233 individuals with CAD (cases) and 64,762 controls of European descent followed by genotyping of top association signals in 56,682 additional individuals. This analysis identified 13 loci newly associated with CAD at P < 5 × 10⁻⁸ and confirmed the association of 10 of 12 previously reported CAD loci. The 13 new loci showed risk allele frequencies ranging from 0.13 to 0.91 and were associated with a 6% to 17% increase in the risk of CAD per allele. Notably, only three of the new loci showed significant association with traditional CAD risk factors and the majority lie in gene regions not previously implicated in the pathogenesis of CAD. Finally, five of the new CAD risk loci appear to have pleiotropic effects, showing strong association with various other human diseases or traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inke R. König
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Muredach P. Reilly
- The Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Preuss
- Universität zu Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik II, Lübeck, Germany,Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexandre F. R. Stewart
- The John & Jennifer Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Maja Barbalic
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Human Genetics Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Devin Absher
- Hudson Alpha Institute, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Hooman Allayee
- Department of Preventive Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - David Altshuler
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA,Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sonia S. Anand
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamiliton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karl Andersen
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland,University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jeffrey L. Anderson
- Cardiovascular Department, Intermountain Medical Center; Cardiology Division, University of Utah. Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Diego Ardissino
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Stephen G. Ball
- LIGHT Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK,Division of Cardiovascular and Neuronal Remodelling, Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Anthony J. Balmforth
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Timothy A. Barnes
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Diane M. Becker
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Lewis C. Becker
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Klaus Berger
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Resarch Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - S. Matthijs Boekholdt
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Human Genetics Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter S. Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Morris J. Brown
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mary Susan Burnett
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Medstar Health Research Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Ian Buysschaert
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium,Vesalius Research Center, VIB-KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Li Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1Y 4W7
| | - Sven Cichon
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Veryan Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Robert W. Davies
- The Cardiovascular Research Methods, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Member of Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA) sponsored by Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Serkalem Demissie
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA,National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Joseph M. Devaney
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Medstar Health Research Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Ron Do
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Angela Doering
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Stephen G. Ellis
- Department Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Roberto Elosua
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Group, Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica, Barcelona; Ciber Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERSP), Spain
| | - James C. Engert
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Stephen E. Epstein
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Medstar Health Research Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Fischer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aaron R. Folsom
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health (A.R.F.), Minneapolis, Minn.; USA
| | - Jennifer Freyer
- Universität zu Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik II, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland,Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur Iceland
| | | | - Eran Halperin
- The Blavatnik School of Computer Science , Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel,International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Naomi Hammond
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin D. Horne
- Cardiovascular Department, Intermountain Medical Center; Cardiology Division, University of Utah. Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Thomas Illig
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carlos Iribarren
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Gregory T. Jones
- Surgery Department, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - J.Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology C5-P, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael A. Kaiser
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | | | - John J.P. Kastelein
- Dept. Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joshua W. Knowles
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Genovefa Kolovou
- 1st Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, 356 Sygrou Avenue, 17674 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Karin Leander
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, H1T 1C8, Canada,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mingyao Li
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Universität zu Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik II, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Christina Loley
- Universität zu Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik II, Lübeck, Germany,Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andrew J. Lotery
- Clinical Neurosciences Division, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK,Southampton Eye Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Pier M. Mannucci
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Seraya Maouche
- Universität zu Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik II, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Pascal P. McKeown
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Institute of Clinical Science, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases, Scania University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Vincent Mooser
- Genetics Division and Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA
| | - Thomas Morgan
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville
| | - Thomas W. Mühleisen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joseph B. Muhlestein
- Cardiovascular Department, Intermountain Medical Center; Cardiology Division, University of Utah. Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Thomas Münzel
- 2. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Germany
| | - Kiran Musunuru
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Janja Nahrstaedt
- Universität zu Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik II, Lübeck, Germany,Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christopher P. Nelson
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Markus M. Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Riyaz S. Patel
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA, USA,Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK CF10 3XQ
| | - Chris C. Patterson
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Institute of Clinical Science, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Flora Peyvandi
- A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano and Luigi Villa Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Liming Qu
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Daniel J. Rader
- The Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,The Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Loukianos S. Rallidis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Catherine Rice
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Frits R. Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Rubin
- Medizinische Klinik I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M. Lourdes Sampietro
- Department of Human Genetics and Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Manj S. Sandhu
- Manjinder S Sandhu, Genetic Epidemiology Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK,Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Eric Schadt
- Pacific Biosciences, 1505 Adams Drive, Menlo Park, CA 94025,Sage Bionetworks, Palo Alto, CA 94301
| | - Arne Schäfer
- Institut für Klinische Molekularbiologie, Christian-Albrechts Universität, Kiel, Germany
| | - Arne Schillert
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institut für Klinische Molekularbiologie, Christian-Albrechts Universität, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schrezenmeir
- Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institute, Kiel, Germany,Clinical Research Center Kiel, Kiel Innovation and Technology Center, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephen M. Schwartz
- Cardiovascular Health Resarch Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - David S. Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Resarch Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | | | | | - Albert Smith
- University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland,Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur Iceland
| | - Tamara B. Smith
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, USA
| | - Jaapjan D. Snoep
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - John A. Spertus
- Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City
| | - Klaus Stark
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kathy Stirrups
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Monika Stoll
- Leibniz-Institute for Arteriosclerosis Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - W. H. Wilson Tang
- Department Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | | | - Gudmundur Thorgeirsson
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland,University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK,Leicester National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Andre G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Member of Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA) sponsored by Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI), Leiden, The Netherlands,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andre M. van Rij
- Surgery Department, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Benjamin F. Voight
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nick J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - George A. Wells
- The Cardiovascular Research Methods, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - H.-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany,Institute of Medical Information Science, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Philipp S. Wild
- 2. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Germany
| | - Christina Willenborg
- Universität zu Lübeck, Medizinische Klinik II, Lübeck, Germany,Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jaqueline C. M. Witteman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Member of Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA) sponsored by Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin J. Wright
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Shu Ye
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Tanja Zeller
- 2. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Ziegler
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Francois Cambien
- INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University, UPMC-Paris 6, Faculté de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Alison H. Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK,Leicester National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA,National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Winfried März
- Synlab Center of Laboratory Diagnostics Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Manneim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- 2. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Germany
| | - Willem H. Ouwehand
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alistair S. Hall
- Division of Cardiovascular and Neuronal Remodelling, Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - John R. Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland,University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Robert Roberts
- The John & Jennifer Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland,University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Ruth McPherson
- The John & Jennifer Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada,Atherogenomics Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK,Leicester National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
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Müssig K, Staiger H, Machicao F, Häring HU, Fritsche A. Genetic variants affecting incretin sensitivity and incretin secretion. Diabetologia 2010; 53:2289-97. [PMID: 20714888 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1876-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies identified several novel risk genes for type 2 diabetes. The majority of these type 2 diabetes risk variants confer impaired pancreatic beta cell function. Though the molecular mechanisms by which common genetic variation within these loci affects beta cell function are not completely understood, risk variants may alter glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, proinsulin conversion, and incretin signals. In humans, the incretin effect is mediated by the secretion and insulinotropic action of two peptide hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1. This review article aims to give an overview of the type 2 diabetes risk loci that were found to associate with incretin secretion or incretin action, paying special attention to the potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Müssig
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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28
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Estep M, Armistead D, Hossain N, Elarainy H, Goodman Z, Baranova A, Chandhoke V, Younossi ZM. Differential expression of miRNAs in the visceral adipose tissue of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32:487-97. [PMID: 20497147 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04366.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be facilitated by soluble molecules secreted by visceral adipose tissue (VAT). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are likely to regulate some of these molecular pathways involved in pathogenesis of NAFLD. AIM To profile miRNA expression in the visceral adipose tissue of patients with NAFLD. METHODS Visceral adipose tissue samples were collected from NAFLD patients and frozen. Patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD were divided into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (n = 12) and non-NASH (n = 12) cohorts controlled for clinical and demographic characteristics. Extracted total RNA was profiled using TaqMan Human MicroRNA arrays. Univariate Mann-Whitney comparisons and multivariate regression analysis were performed to compare miRNA profiles. RESULTS A total of 113 miRNA differentially expressed between NASH patients and non-NASH patients (P < 0.05). Of these, seven remained significant after multiple test correction (hsa-miR-132, hsa-miR-150, hsa-miR-433, hsa-miR-28-3p, hsa-miR-511, hsa-miR-517a, hsa-miR-671). Predicted target genes for these miRNAs include insulin receptor pathway components (IGF1, IGFR13), cytokines (CCL3, IL6), ghrelin/obestatin gene, and inflammation-related genes (NFKB1, RELB, FAS). In addition, two miRNA species, hsa-miR-197 and hsa-miR-99, were significantly associated with pericellular fibrosis in NASH patients (P < 0.05). Levels of IL-6 in the serum negatively correlated with the expression levels of all seven miRNAs capable of down regulating IL-6 encoding gene. CONCLUSIONS miRNA expression from VAT may contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD - a finding which may distinguish relatively simple steatosis from NASH. This could help identify potential targets for pharmacological treatment regimens and candidate biomarkers for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Estep
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA
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Sugunan D, Nair AK, Kumar H, Gopalakrishnapillai A. A case-control analysis of common variants in GIP with type 2 diabetes and related biochemical parameters in a South Indian population. BMC Med Genet 2010; 11:118. [PMID: 20673334 PMCID: PMC2920866 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-11-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is one of the incretins, which plays a crucial role in the secretion of insulin upon food stimulus and in the regulation of postprandial glucose level. It also exerts an effect on the synthesis and secretion of lipoprotein lipase, from adipocytes, important for lipid metabolism. The aim of our study was to do a case-control association analysis of common variants in GIP in association with type 2 diabetes and related biochemical parameters. METHOD A total of 2000 subjects which includes 1000 (584M/416F) cases with type 2 diabetes and 1000 (470M/530F) normoglycemic control subjects belonging to Dravidian ethnicity from South India were recruited to assess the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GIP (rs2291725, rs2291726, rs937301) on type 2 diabetes in a case-control manner. The SNPs were genotyped by using tetra primer amplification refractory mutation system-PCR (ARMS PCR). For statistical analysis, our study population was divided into sub-groups based on gender (male and female). Association analysis was carried out using chi-squared test and the comparison of biochemical parameters among the three genotypes were performed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). RESULT Initial analysis revealed that, out of the total three SNPs selected for the present study, two SNPs namely rs2291726 and rs937301 were in complete linkage disequilibrium (LD) with each other. Therefore, only two SNPs, rs2291725 and rs2291726, were genotyped for the association studies. No significant difference in the allele frequency and genotype distribution of any of the SNPs in GIP were observed between cases and controls (P > 0.05). Analysis of biochemical parameters among the three genotypes showed a significant association of total cholesterol (P = 0.042) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) with the G allele of the SNP rs2291726 in GIP (P = 0.004), but this was observed only in the case of female subjects. However this association does not remain significant after correction for multiple testing by Bonferroni's inequality method. CONCLUSION No statistically significant association was observed between any of the SNPs analysed and type 2 diabetes in our population. But the analysis of biochemical parameters indicates that the G allele in rs2291726 may be a putative risk allele for increased LDL cholesterol and further studies in other population needs to be carried out for ascertaining its role in cholesterol metabolism and subsequent cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Sugunan
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri PO, Kollam, Kerala 690 525, India.
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30
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Saxena R, Hivert MF, Langenberg C, Tanaka T, Pankow JS, Vollenweider P, Lyssenko V, Bouatia-Naji N, Dupuis J, Jackson AU, Kao WHL, Li M, Glazer NL, Manning AK, Luan J, Stringham HM, Prokopenko I, Johnson T, Grarup N, Boesgaard TW, Lecoeur C, Shrader P, O'Connell J, Ingelsson E, Couper DJ, Rice K, Song K, Andreasen CH, Dina C, Köttgen A, Le Bacquer O, Pattou F, Taneera J, Steinthorsdottir V, Rybin D, Ardlie K, Sampson M, Qi L, van Hoek M, Weedon MN, Aulchenko YS, Voight BF, Grallert H, Balkau B, Bergman RN, Bielinski SJ, Bonnefond A, Bonnycastle LL, Borch-Johnsen K, Böttcher Y, Brunner E, Buchanan TA, Bumpstead SJ, Cavalcanti-Proença C, Charpentier G, Chen YDI, Chines PS, Collins FS, Cornelis M, J Crawford G, Delplanque J, Doney A, Egan JM, Erdos MR, Firmann M, Forouhi NG, Fox CS, Goodarzi MO, Graessler J, Hingorani A, Isomaa B, Jørgensen T, Kivimaki M, Kovacs P, Krohn K, Kumari M, Lauritzen T, Lévy-Marchal C, Mayor V, McAteer JB, Meyre D, Mitchell BD, Mohlke KL, Morken MA, Narisu N, Palmer CNA, Pakyz R, Pascoe L, Payne F, Pearson D, Rathmann W, Sandbaek A, Sayer AA, Scott LJ, Sharp SJ, Sijbrands E, Singleton A, Siscovick DS, Smith NL, Sparsø T, Swift AJ, Syddall H, Thorleifsson G, Tönjes A, Tuomi T, Tuomilehto J, Valle TT, Waeber G, Walley A, Waterworth DM, Zeggini E, Zhao JH, Illig T, Wichmann HE, Wilson JF, van Duijn C, Hu FB, Morris AD, Frayling TM, Hattersley AT, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stefansson K, Nilsson P, Syvänen AC, Shuldiner AR, Walker M, Bornstein SR, Schwarz P, Williams GH, Nathan DM, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Cooper C, Marmot M, Ferrucci L, Mooser V, Stumvoll M, Loos RJF, Altshuler D, Psaty BM, Rotter JI, Boerwinkle E, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Florez JC, McCarthy MI, Boehnke M, Barroso I, Sladek R, Froguel P, Meigs JB, Groop L, Wareham NJ, Watanabe RM. Genetic variation in GIPR influences the glucose and insulin responses to an oral glucose challenge. Nat Genet 2010; 42:142-8. [PMID: 20081857 PMCID: PMC2922003 DOI: 10.1038/ng.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 12/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glucose levels 2 h after an oral glucose challenge are a clinical measure of glucose tolerance used in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. We report a meta-analysis of nine genome-wide association studies (n = 15,234 nondiabetic individuals) and a follow-up of 29 independent loci (n = 6,958-30,620). We identify variants at the GIPR locus associated with 2-h glucose level (rs10423928, beta (s.e.m.) = 0.09 (0.01) mmol/l per A allele, P = 2.0 x 10(-15)). The GIPR A-allele carriers also showed decreased insulin secretion (n = 22,492; insulinogenic index, P = 1.0 x 10(-17); ratio of insulin to glucose area under the curve, P = 1.3 x 10(-16)) and diminished incretin effect (n = 804; P = 4.3 x 10(-4)). We also identified variants at ADCY5 (rs2877716, P = 4.2 x 10(-16)), VPS13C (rs17271305, P = 4.1 x 10(-8)), GCKR (rs1260326, P = 7.1 x 10(-11)) and TCF7L2 (rs7903146, P = 4.2 x 10(-10)) associated with 2-h glucose. Of the three newly implicated loci (GIPR, ADCY5 and VPS13C), only ADCY5 was found to be associated with type 2 diabetes in collaborating studies (n = 35,869 cases, 89,798 controls, OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.09-1.15, P = 4.8 x 10(-18)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Saxena
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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31
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Abstract
Computational biology has the opportunity to play an important role in the identification of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) discovered in large-scale genotyping studies, ultimately yielding new drug targets and biomarkers. The medical genetics and molecular biology communities are increasingly turning to computational biology methods to prioritize interesting SNPs found in linkage and association studies. Many such methods are now available through web interfaces, but the interested user is confronted with an array of predictive results that are often in disagreement with each other. Many tools today produce results that are difficult to understand without bioinformatics expertise, are biased towards non-synonymous SNPs, and do not necessarily reflect up-to-date versions of their source bioinformatics resources, such as public SNP repositories. Here, I assess the utility of the current generation of webservers; and suggest improvements for the next generation of webservers to better deliver value to medical geneticists and molecular biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Karchin
- Biomedical Engineering Department and Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 212218, USA.
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32
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Vogel CIG, Scherag A, Brönner G, Nguyen TT, Wang HJ, Grallert H, Bornhorst A, Rosskopf D, Völzke H, Reinehr T, Rief W, Illig T, Wichmann HE, Schäfer H, Hebebrand J, Hinney A. Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor: association analyses for obesity of several polymorphisms in large study groups. BMC Med Genet 2009; 10:19. [PMID: 19254363 PMCID: PMC2654891 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-10-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2008] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is postulated to be involved in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. It exerts its function through its receptor, GIPR. We genotyped three GIPR SNPs (rs8111428, rs2302382 and rs1800437) in German families with at least one obese index patient, two case-control studies and two cross-sectional population-based studies. Methods Genotyping was performed by MALDI-TOF, ARMS-PCR and RFLP. The family-study: 761 German families with at least one extremely obese child or adolescent (n = 1,041) and both parents (n = 1,522). Case-control study: (a) German obese children (n = 333) and (b) obese adults (n = 987) in comparison to 588 adult lean controls. The two cross-sectional population-based studies: KORA (n = 8,269) and SHIP (n = 4,310). Results We detected over-transmission of the A-allele of rs2302382 in the German families (pTDT-Test = 0.0089). In the combined case-control sample, we estimated an odd ratio of 1.54 (95%CI 1.09;2.19, pCA-Test = 0.014) for homozygotes of the rs2302382 A-allele compared to individuals with no A-allele. A similar trend was found in KORA where the rs2302382 A-allele led to an increase of 0.12 BMI units (p = 0.136). In SHIP, however, the A-allele of rs2302382 was estimated to contribute an average decrease of 0.27 BMI units (p-value = 0.031). Conclusion Our data suggest a potential relevance of GIPR variants for obesity. However, additional studies are warranted in light of the conflicting results obtained in one of the two population-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla I G Vogel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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