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Niţu CD, Mernea M, Vlasceanu RI, Voicu-Balasea B, Badea MA, Raduly FM, Rădiţoiu V, Rădiţoiu A, Avram S, Mihailescu DF, Voinea IC, Stan MS. Biomedical Promise of Sustainable Microwave-Engineered Symmetric Curcumin Derivatives. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:205. [PMID: 38399259 PMCID: PMC10892556 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenol of the Curcuma longa plant, which can be used for various medicinal purposes, such as inflammation and cancer treatment. In this context, two symmetric curcumin derivatives (D1-(1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-acetamidophenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione and D2-p,p-dihydroxy di-cinnamoyl methane) were obtained by the microwave-based method and evaluated for their antitumoral effect on human cervix cancer in comparison with toxicity on non-tumoral cells, taking into account that they were predicted to act as apoptosis agonists or anti-inflammatory agents. The HeLa cell line was incubated for 24 and 72 h with a concentration of 50 μg/mL of derivatives that killed almost half of the cells compared to the control. In contrast, these compounds did not alter the viability of MRC-5 non-tumoral lung fibroblasts until 72 h of incubation. The nitric oxide level released by HeLa cells was higher compared to MRC-5 fibroblasts after the incubation with 100 μg/mL. Both derivatives induced the decrease of catalase activity and glutathione levels in cancer cells without targeting the same effect in non-tumoral cells. Furthermore, the Western blot showed an increased protein expression of HSP70 and a decreased expression of HSP60 and MCM2 in cells incubated with D2 compared to control cells. We noticed differences regarding the intensity of cell death between the tested derivatives, suggesting that the modified structure after synthesis can modulate their function, the most prominent effect being observed for sample D2. In conclusion, the outcomes of our in vitro study revealed that these microwave-engineered curcumin derivatives targeted tumor cells, much more specifically, inducing their death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Doina Niţu
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independenţei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.N.); (M.M.); (S.A.); (D.F.M.)
- Institute of Oncology “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu”, 252 Sos. Fundeni, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Mernea
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independenţei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.N.); (M.M.); (S.A.); (D.F.M.)
| | - Raluca Ioana Vlasceanu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.V.); (B.V.-B.); (M.A.B.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Bianca Voicu-Balasea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.V.); (B.V.-B.); (M.A.B.); (M.S.S.)
- Interdisciplinary Center of Research and Development in Dentistry (CICDS), Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina Andreea Badea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.V.); (B.V.-B.); (M.A.B.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Florentina Monica Raduly
- Laboratory of Functional Dyes and Related Materials, National Research and Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (F.M.R.); (V.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Valentin Rădiţoiu
- Laboratory of Functional Dyes and Related Materials, National Research and Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (F.M.R.); (V.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Alina Rădiţoiu
- Laboratory of Functional Dyes and Related Materials, National Research and Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (F.M.R.); (V.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Speranta Avram
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independenţei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.N.); (M.M.); (S.A.); (D.F.M.)
| | - Dan F. Mihailescu
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independenţei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.N.); (M.M.); (S.A.); (D.F.M.)
| | - Ionela C. Voinea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.V.); (B.V.-B.); (M.A.B.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Miruna Silvia Stan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.V.); (B.V.-B.); (M.A.B.); (M.S.S.)
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Memarzia A, Saadat S, Asgharzadeh F, Behrouz S, Folkerts G, Boskabady MH. Therapeutic effects of medicinal plants and their constituents on lung cancer, in vitro, in vivo and clinical evidence. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2841-2863. [PMID: 37697969 PMCID: PMC10538270 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common type of cancer in the world is lung cancer. Traditional treatments have an important role in cancer therapy. In the present review, the most recent findings on the effects of medicinal plants and their constituents or natural products (NP) in treating lung cancer are discussed. Empirical studies until the end of March 2022 were searched using the appropriate keywords through the databases PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus. The extracts and essential oils tested were all shown to effect lung cancer by several mechanisms including decreased tumour weight and volume, cell viability and modulation of cytokine. Some plant constituents increased expression of apoptotic proteins, the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase and subG0/G1 phase, and Cyt c levels. Also, natural products (NP) activate apoptotic pathways in lung cancer cell including p-JNK, Akt/mTOR, PI3/ AKT\ and Bax, Bcl2, but suppressed AXL phosphorylation. Plant-derived substances altered the cell morphology, reduced cell migration and metastasis, oxidative marker production, p-eIF2α and GRP78, IgG, IgM levels and reduced leukocyte counts, LDH, GGT, 5'NT and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Therefore, medicinal plant extracts and their constituents could have promising therapeutic value for lung cancer, especially if used in combination with ordinary anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghavan Memarzia
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Saeideh Saadat
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineZahedan University of Medical SciencesZahedanIran
| | - Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Sepide Behrouz
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of BirjandBirjandIran
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Memarzia A, Saadat S, Behrouz S, Boskabady MH. Curcuma longa and curcumin affect respiratory and allergic disorders, experimental and clinical evidence: A comprehensive and updated review. Biofactors 2022; 48:521-551. [PMID: 34932258 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Curcuma longa and its constituents, mainly curcumin, showed various of pharmacological effects in previous studies. This review article provides updated and comprehensive experimental and clinical evidence regarding the effects of C. longa and curcumin on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders. Using appropriate keywords, databases including PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus were searched until the end of October 2021. C. longa extracts and its constituent, curcumin, showed the relaxant effect on tracheal smooth muscle, which indicates their bronchodilatory effect in obstructive pulmonary diseases. The preventive effects of extracts of C. longa and curcumin were shown in experimental animal models of different respiratory diseases through antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. C. longa and curcumin also showed preventive effects on some lung disorders in the clinical studies. It was shown that the effects of C. longa on pulmonary diseases were mainly due to its constituent, curcumin. Pharmacological effects of C. longa extracts and curcumin on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders indicate the possible therapeutic effect of the plant and curcumin on these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghavan Memarzia
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeideh Saadat
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Behrouz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Fuloria S, Mehta J, Chandel A, Sekar M, Rani NNIM, Begum MY, Subramaniyan V, Chidambaram K, Thangavelu L, Nordin R, Wu YS, Sathasivam KV, Lum PT, Meenakshi DU, Kumarasamy V, Azad AK, Fuloria NK. A Comprehensive Review on the Therapeutic Potential of Curcuma longa Linn. in Relation to its Major Active Constituent Curcumin. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:820806. [PMID: 35401176 PMCID: PMC8990857 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.820806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuma longa Linn. (C. longa), popularly known as turmeric, belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and has a long historical background of having healing properties against many diseases. In Unani and Ayurveda medicine, C. longa has been used for liver obstruction and jaundice, and has been applied externally for ulcers and inflammation. Additionally, it is employed in several other ailments such as cough, cold, dental issues, indigestion, skin infections, blood purification, asthma, piles, bronchitis, tumor, wounds, and hepatic disorders, and is used as an antiseptic. Curcumin, a major constituent of C. longa, is well known for its therapeutic potential in numerous disorders. However, there is a lack of literature on the therapeutic potential of C. longa in contrast to curcumin. Hence, the present review aimed to provide in-depth information by highlighting knowledge gaps in traditional and scientific evidence about C. longa in relation to curcumin. The relationship to one another in terms of biological action includes their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, immunomodulatory, antifertility, antimicrobial, antiallergic, antidermatophytic, and antidepressant properties. Furthermore, in-depth discussion of C. longa on its taxonomic categorization, traditional uses, botanical description, phytochemical ingredients, pharmacology, toxicity, and safety aspects in relation to its major compound curcumin is needed to explore the trends and perspectives for future research. Considering all of the promising evidence to date, there is still a lack of supportive evidence especially from clinical trials on the adjunct use of C. longa and curcumin. This prompts further preclinical and clinical investigations on curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jyoti Mehta
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India
| | - Aditi Chandel
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - M. Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Kumarappan Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Rusli Nordin
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | | | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Perak, Malaysia
| | | | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Kedah, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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Rouf R, Ghosh P, Uzzaman MR, Sarker DK, Zahura FT, Uddin SJ, Muhammad I. Hepatoprotective Plants from Bangladesh: A Biophytochemical Review and Future Prospect. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:1633231. [PMID: 34504532 PMCID: PMC8423546 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1633231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liver diseases are quite prevalant in many densely populated countries, including Bangladesh. The liver and its hepatocytes are targeted by virus and microbes, as well as by chemical environmental toxicants, causing wide-spread disruption of metabolic fuctions of the human body, leading to death from end-stage liver diseases. The aim of this review is to systematically explore and record the potential of Bangladeshi ethnopharmacological plants to treat liver diseases with focus on their sources, constituents, and therapeutic uses, including mechanisms of actions (MoA). A literature survey was carried out using Pubmed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases with articles reported until July, 2020. A total of 88 Bangladeshi hepatoprotective plants (BHPs) belonging to 47 families were listed in this review, including Euphorbiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Compositae families contained 20% of plants, while herbs were the most cited (51%) and leaves were the most consumed parts (23%) as surveyed. The effect of BHPs against different hepatotoxins was observed via upregulation of antioxidant systems and inhibition of lipid peroxidation which subsequently reduced the elevated liver biomarkers. Different active constituents, including phenolics, curcuminoids, cucurbitanes, terpenoids, fatty acids, carotenoids, and polysaccharides, have been reported from these plants. The hepatoameliorative effect of these constituents was mainly involved in the reduction of hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation through activation of Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathways. In summary, BHPs represent a valuable resource for hepatoprotective lead therapeutics which may offer new alternatives to treat liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razina Rouf
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Puja Ghosh
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Raihan Uzzaman
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Dipto Kumer Sarker
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Fatima Tuz Zahura
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Shaikh Jamal Uddin
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Ilias Muhammad
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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Biopreservation and Quality Enhancement of Fish Surimi Using Colorant Plant Extracts. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/6624565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The biopreservation, flavoring, and coloration of foodstuffs, e.g., seafoods, with natural plant derivatives are major demands for consumers and overseers. Different colored plant parts, i.e., Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces, Curcuma longa rhizomes, and Rhus coriaria fruits, were extracted and evaluated as biopreservatives, antimicrobial and colorant agents for fish surimi from Oreochromis niloticus. All colorant plant extracts (CPEs) exhibited strong antibacterial activities against screened pathogens, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. H. sabdariffa extract (HCE) was the most effectual antimicrobial CPEs. S. aureus was the most sensitive strain to CPEs, whereas S. typhimurium and P. aeruginosa were the most resistant strains. The exterior coloration of tilapia surimi with CPEs resulted in great bacterial count reduction in colored products; stored CPEs-colored surimi had enhanced sensorial attributes. HCE-exposed S. aureus indicated bacterial cell lyses in time-dependent manner. CPEs application as colorants and antibacterial and quality enhancing agents is recommended for seafoods’ biopreservation.
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Yang Y, Gong Q, Wang W, Mao YL, Wang XR, Yao S, Zhang HY, Tang C, Ye Y. Neuroprotective and Anti-inflammatory Ditetrahydrofuran-Containing Diarylheptanoids from Tacca chantrieri. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3681-3688. [PMID: 33253561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Three new dimeric diarylheptanoids, taccachanfurans A-C (1-3), a new monomeric diarylheptanoid, taccachannoid A (4), and four known diarylheptanoids (5-8) were isolated from the EtOH extract of the rhizomes of Tacca chantrieri. Their structures were established on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis. The absolute configuration of taccachanfuran A (1) was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All the diarylheptanoid dimers contain a ditetrahydrofuran moiety, which has not been described previously for diarylheptanoid compounds. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for the diarylheptanoid dimers is proposed. Compounds 2-4 showed significant neuroprotective activity against Aβ25-35-induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells at the concentrations of 10 and 1 μM. Compounds 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8 showed anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated murine microglial BV-2 cells at the concentrations of 10 and 1 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Le Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Rong Wang
- Xishuangbanna Research Institute of Nationality Medicine, & Xishuangbanna Hospital of Traditional Dai Medicine, No. 8, Zhuangdong Western Road of Xishuangbanna Tourism and Resort Zone, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province 666100, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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Wang H, Luo J, Zhang Y, He D, Jiang R, Xie X, Yang Q, Li K, Xie J, Zhang J. Phospholipid/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin supramolecular complexes are promising candidates for efficient oral delivery of curcuminoids. Int J Pharm 2020; 582:119301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Hashem S, Nisar S, Sageena G, Macha MA, Yadav SK, Krishnankutty R, Uddin S, Haris M, Bhat AA. Therapeutic Effects of Curcumol in Several Diseases; An Overview. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:181-195. [PMID: 32285707 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1749676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheema Hashem
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
| | - Santosh K. Yadav
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Roopesh Krishnankutty
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A. Bhat
- Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
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The effects of Curcuma Longa L. and its constituents in respiratory disorders and molecular mechanisms of their action. BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-817905-5.00007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Song Y, Zhou Y, Yan XT, Bi JB, Qiu X, Bian Y, Wang KF, Zhang Y, Feng XS. Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Alnustone in Rats after Intravenous Administration by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173183. [PMID: 31480657 PMCID: PMC6749364 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alnustone, a nonphenolic diarylheptanoid, first isolated from Alnus pendula (Betulaceae), has recently received a great deal of attention due to its various beneficial pharmacological effects. However, its pharmacokinetic profile in vivo remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to establish a fast and sensitive quantification method of alnustone using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and evaluate the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution profiles of alnustone in rats. The sample was precipitated with acetonitrile with 0.5% formic acid and separated on BEH C18 Column. The mobile phase was composed of 0.1% formic acid in water and methanol at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Alnustone and the internal standard (caffeine) were quantitatively monitored with precursor-to-product ion transitions of m/z 262.9→105.2 and m/z 195.2→138.0, respectively. The calibration curve for alnustone was linear from 1 to 2000 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day assay precision (RSD) ranged from 1.1-9.0 % to 3.3-8.6%, respectively and the intra- and inter-day assay accuracy (RE) was between -8.2-9.7% and -10.3-9.9%, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic studies of alnustone in rats. After single-dose intravenous administration of alnustone (5 mg/kg), the mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) value was 7066.36 ± 820.62 ng/mL, and the mean area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-t) value was 6009.79 ± 567.30 ng/mL∙h. Our results demonstrated that the residence time of alnustone in vivo was not long and it eliminated quickly from the rat plasma. Meanwhile, the drug is mainly distributed in tissues with large blood flow, and the lung and liver might be the target organs for alnustone efficacy. The study will provide information for further application of alnustone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Yan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jing-Bo Bi
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xin Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yu Bian
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ke-Fei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Ganapathy G, Preethi R, Moses J, Anandharamakrishnan C. Diarylheptanoids as nutraceutical: A review. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 19:101109. [PMID: 32288931 PMCID: PMC7102868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are naturally occurring compounds present ubiquitously in plants. They have potential health benefits and substantiate evidence for their nutraceutical applications. Diarylheptanoids are part of the broad class of plant phenolics with structurally divergent compounds. They have been used in traditional medicines and homemade remedies to treat various ailments, as organoleptic additives in foods, and also for aesthetic purposes. With their potential therapeutic and organoleptic characteristics, diarylhepatanoids can be rightly termed as nutraceuticals. This review summarizes the wide range of pharmacological activities of diarylhepatanoids and nutraceutical formulations, with relevance to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Ganapathy
- Computational modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur 613005, India
| | - R. Preethi
- Computational modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur 613005, India
| | - J.A. Moses
- Computational modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur 613005, India
| | - C. Anandharamakrishnan
- Computational modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur 613005, India
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Liu H, Wu ZL, Huang XJ, Peng Y, Huang X, Shi L, Wang Y, Ye WC. Evaluation of Diarylheptanoid-Terpene Adduct Enantiomers from Alpinia officinarum for Neuroprotective Activities. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:162-170. [PMID: 29323912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Two pairs of new diarylheptanoid-monoterpene adduct enantiomers, (±)-alpininoids A and B [(±)-1 and (±)-2], as well as three pairs of new diarylheptanoid-sesquiterpene adduct enantiomers, (±)-alpininoids C-E [(±)-3-(±)-5], together with four known diarylheptanoids (6-9) were isolated from the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and computational calculation methods. The skeletons of these cyclohexene-containing hybrid natural products were hypothesized to be generated via a crucial Diels-Alder cycloaddition between the diarylheptanoids (7 and 8) and terpenes, of which 1 represents a new carbon skeleton. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their neuroprotective effects against MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium)-induced cortical neuron injury. At a concentration of 16 μM, (+)-1 significantly increased cell viability when compared with MPP+ treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Long Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghui Peng
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
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Joshi D, Mittal DK, Shukla S, Srivastav SK, Dixit VA. Curcuma longa Linn. extract and curcumin protect CYP 2E1 enzymatic activity against mercuric chloride-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress: A protective approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:373-382. [PMID: 28336172 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation has been conducted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Curcuma longa (200mgkg-1, po) and curcumin (80mgkg-1, po) for their hepatoprotective efficacy against mercuric chloride (HgCl2: 12μmolkg-1, ip; once only) hepatotoxicity. The HgCl2 administration altered various biochemical parameters, including transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, triglycerides and cholesterol contents with a concomitant decline in protein and albumin concentration in serum which were restored towards control by therapy of Curcuma longa or curcumin. On the other hand, both treatments showed a protective effect on drug metabolizing enzymes viz. aniline hydroxylase (AH) and amidopyrine-N-demethylase (AND), hexobarbitone induced sleep time and BSP retention. Choleretic, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH)-free radical scavenging activities and histological studies also supported the biochemical findings. The present study concludes that Curcuma longa extract or curcumin has the ability to alleviate the hepatotoxic effects caused by HgCl2 in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepmala Joshi
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, UNESCO Satellite Center of Trace Element Research & School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India; Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Deepak Kumar Mittal
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, UNESCO Satellite Center of Trace Element Research & School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sangeeta Shukla
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, UNESCO Satellite Center of Trace Element Research & School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Vaibhav A Dixit
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management (SPTM), Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's (SVKM's),Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Mukesh Patel Technology Park, Babulde, Bank of Tapi River, Mumbai-Agra Road, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule-India
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15
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Sun W, Wang S, Zhao W, Wu C, Guo S, Gao H, Tao H, Lu J, Wang Y, Chen X. Chemical constituents and biological research on plants in the genus Curcuma. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:1451-1523. [PMID: 27229295 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1176554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Curcuma, a valuable genus in the family Zingiberaceae, includes approximately 110 species. These plants are native to Southeast Asia and are extensively cultivated in India, China, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Peru, Australia, and the West Indies. The plants have long been used in folk medicine to treat stomach ailments, stimulate digestion, and protect the digestive organs, including the intestines, stomach, and liver. In recent years, substantial progress has been achieved in investigations regarding the chemical and pharmacological properties, as well as in clinical trials of certain Curcuma species. This review comprehensively summarizes the current knowledge on the chemistry and briefly discusses the biological activities of Curcuma species. A total of 720 compounds, including 102 diphenylalkanoids, 19 phenylpropene derivatives, 529 terpenoids, 15 flavonoids, 7 steroids, 3 alkaloids, and 44 compounds of other types isolated or identified from 32 species, have been phytochemically investigated. The biological activities of plant extracts and pure compounds are classified into 15 groups in detail, with emphasis on anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Sun
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Sheng Wang
- b State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Chuanhong Wu
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Shuhui Guo
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Hongwei Gao
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Hongxun Tao
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Jinjian Lu
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Yitao Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
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16
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Mirbod M, Mahdavi AH, Samie AH, Mehri M. Effects of Curcuma longa rhizome powder on egg quality, performance and some physiological indices of laying hens fed different levels of metabolizable energy. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:1286-1294. [PMID: 27328772 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-energy diets of laying hens may improve roductive performance, although some negative effects may also appear with respect to egg quality and physiological parameters. Curcuma longa rhizome powder (CRP) has beneficial effects on health indices of the birds through antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, especially when the birds experience nutritional stress. RESULTS Increasing dietary CRP enhanced egg quality by improving eggshell thickness and hardness but decreasing yolk cholesterol content (P < 0.05). The best feed conversion ratio was obtained in birds fed high-apparent metabolizable energy (AME) diets supplemented with 2.0 g kg-1 CRP (P < 0.05). Although increasing dietary AME elevated the serum concentration of triglycerides (P < 0.05) and enzymatic activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.05), dietary inclusion of CRP alleviates the blood levels of these enzymes (P < 0.01). Low level of dietary CRP boosted the immune responses to Newcastle virus (P < 0.01) and sheep red blood cells (P < 0.05) antigens but decreased the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (P < 0.05). Inclusion of at least 2.0 g kg-1 CRP in the diet of laying decreased Escherichia coli enumerations in the ileal content (P < 0.01) and improved villus height, crypt depth and goblet cell numbers (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION An improvement in the productive performance of laying hens fed high-energy diets might be associated with decreasing health indices and product quality, which could potentially be amended by nutritional modifications such as incorporating medicinal herbs in the feed. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Mirbod
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahdavi
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Abdol-Hossein Samie
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mehran Mehri
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98661-5538, Iran
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17
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Gao S, Xia G, Wang L, Zhou L, Zhao F, Huang J, Chen L. Sesquiterpenes from Curcuma wenyujin with their inhibitory activities on nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:548-554. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1205053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suyu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guiyang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Dinić J, Novaković M, Podolski-Renić A, Vajs V, Tešević V, Isaković A, Pešić M. Structural differences in diarylheptanoids analogues from Alnus viridis and Alnus glutinosa influence their activity and selectivity towards cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 249:36-45. [PMID: 26944434 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diarylheptanoids represent a group of plant secondary metabolites that possess multiple biological properties and are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential. A comparative study was performed on structurally analogous diarylheptanoids isolated from the bark of green (Alnus viridis) and black alder (Alnus glutinosa) to address their biological effects and determine structure-activity relationship. The structures and configurations of all compounds were elucidated by NMR, HR-ESI-MS, UV and IR. Diarylheptanoids actions were studied in human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells (NCI-H460) and normal keratinocytes (HaCaT). A. viridis compounds 3v, 5v, 8v and 9v that possess a carbonyl group at C-3 were considerably more potent than compounds without this group. A. viridis/A. glutinosa analogue pairs, 5v/5g and 9v/9g, which differ in the presence of 3' and 3″-OH groups, were evaluated for anticancer activity and selectivity. 5v and 9v that do not possess 3' and 3″-OH groups showed significantly higher cytotoxicity compared to analogues 5g and 9g. In addition, these two A. viridis compounds induced a more prominent apoptosis in both cell lines and an increase in subG0 cell cycle phase, compared to their A. glutinosa analogues. 5v and 9v treatment triggered intracellular superoxide anion accumulation and notably decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential. In HaCaT cells, 9v and 9g with a 4,5 double bond caused a more prominent loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential compared to 5v and 5g which possess a 5-methoxy group instead. Although green alder diarylheptanoids 5v and 9v displayed higher cytotoxicity, their analogues from black alder 5g and 9g could be more favorable for therapeutic use since they were more active in cancer cells than in normal keratinocytes. These results indicate that minor differences in the chemical structure can greatly influence the effect of diarylheptanoids on apoptosis and redox status and determine their selectivity towards cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Dinić
- Institute for Biological Research, Department of Neurobiology, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Miroslav Novaković
- Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Podolski-Renić
- Institute for Biological Research, Department of Neurobiology, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vlatka Vajs
- Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vele Tešević
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Isaković
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Doktora Subotića 8, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Pešić
- Institute for Biological Research, Department of Neurobiology, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
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Zhou Y, Xie M, Song Y, Wang W, Zhao H, Tian Y, Wang Y, Bai S, Zhao Y, Chen X, She G. Two Traditional Chinese Medicines Curcumae Radix and Curcumae Rhizoma: An Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2016; 2016:4973128. [PMID: 27057197 PMCID: PMC4775794 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4973128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Curcumae Rhizoma, known as Ezhu (Chinese: ), and Curcumae Radix, known as Yujin (Chinese: ), are different plant parts coming from three same species according to China Pharmacopoeia. Actually, they are used in different ways in TCM clinical treatment. Curcumae Rhizoma is mainly used as antitumor drug, while Curcumae Radix has been used as antidepressant and cholagogue. Curcumae Rhizoma and Curcumae Radix are confused in variety and source, even in clinical trials by some nonprofessional workers. So it is important for us to make them clear. This review is aimed at summarizing the ethnopharmacology, phytochemical, and pharmacological differences between Curcumae Radix and Curcumae Rhizoma by SciFinder, CNKI, and so on, to use them exactly and clearly. Further studies on Curcumae Rhizoma and Curcumae Radix can lead to the development of new drugs and therapeutics for various diseases on the basis of the TCM theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Meng Xie
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Yan Song
- Pharmacy College, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750000, China
| | - Wenping Wang
- Pharmacy College, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750000, China
| | - Haoran Zhao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Yuxin Tian
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Shaojuan Bai
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Yichen Zhao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
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Jung JW, Ko WM, Park JH, Seo KH, Oh EJ, Lee DY, Lee DS, Kim YC, Lim DW, Han D, Baek NI. Isoprenylated flavonoids from the root bark of Morus alba and their hepatoprotective and neuroprotective activities. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 38:2066-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0613-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Bansal SS, Kausar H, Aqil F, Jeyabalan J, Vadhanam MV, Gupta RC, Ravoori S. Curcumin implants for continuous systemic delivery: safety and biocompatibility. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 1:332-41. [PMID: 25788367 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-011-0028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, an anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-neoplastic agent, exhibited limited oral efficacy due to its poor bioavailability. To overcome this limitation, polymeric implants for continuous systemic delivery of curcumin were developed and tested for their safety and biocompatibility. Two 2-cm polycaprolactone implants containing polyethylene glycol and 20% (w/w) curcumin were grafted subcutaneously at the back of the Augustus Copenhagen Irish rats. Rats were euthanized and blood was analyzed for various hematological parameters; biochemical markers of liver/kidney function and local tissues were analyzed for local inflammatory reactions. Curcumin implants exhibited biphasic release kinetics with ∼3.6 + 0.8, 5.8 ± 1.1, 13.1 ± 2.1, 21.8 ± 0.3, 38.1 ± 0.6, and 47.2 ± 1.6 mg cumulative curcumin being released from both the implants after 1, 4, 12, 25, and 90 days. No significant differences in various hematological parameters (like white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin), liver enzymes (like aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, amylase, or lipase), or biochemical parameters of kidney function (like blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, Ca(2+), Na(+), and Cl(-) levels) were observed at any of these time points. However, a significant increase in serum phosphorus levels was observed at all the time points in sham implants as well as in curcumin diet and implant groups. Local implantation site showed foreign body granulomatous reaction with influx of histiocytes and occasional multi-nucleated giant cells with sham implants and was minimal around the curcumin implants. These polymeric implants were found to have little or no systemic toxicity with an acute reaction at local site which was reduced significantly by curcumin implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam S Bansal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
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22
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Anti-oxidative effect of turmeric on frying characteristics of soybean oil. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2015; 52:1760-5. [PMID: 25745253 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-013-1156-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, the active principle of turmeric, is known to act as an anti-oxidant, anti-mutagen and anti-carcinogen. This study aimed to find out the thermal and oxidative stability of soybean oil when potatoes marinated with turmeric were deep fried in the oil. Two sets of experiment were carried out. In one set, 1 L of oil was heated for 24 h (8 h daily for 3 consecutive days) and 200 g of potato chips without any marination were fried each time twice daily. Foods were fried in batches to replicate the commercial practice of the food industries. The temperature maintained during the whole experiment was at 180-190 °C i.e. at the frying temperature. About 50 ml of the oil sample was collected after every 4 h. In the second set, another 1 L of soybean oil was heated for 24 h in the similar manner and potato chips marinated with turmeric was fried twice daily. Oil samples were collected as before and comparative studies were done. The chemical parameters like acid value, peroxide value, content of 4-hydroxy-2-trans-nonenal (HNE) and fatty acid composition for all the oil samples of each set were determined. The comparative studies on peroxide value and content of HNE revealed that the antioxidant property of curcumin in turmeric helped in reducing the oxidation of the oil initially, but with increase in duration of time, the antioxidant potency got gradually reduced. The loss of unsaturated fatty acids were calculated from the fatty acid composition and it was found that loss of unsaturation in soybean oil where turmeric marinated potatoes were fried was 6.37 % while the controlled one showed 7.76 % loss after 24 h of heating. These results indicated higher thermal and oxidative stability of the soybean oil in presence of turmeric. However, the antioxidant effect gradually decreased with increase in duration of heating.
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Mun SH, Kim SB, Kong R, Choi JG, Kim YC, Shin DW, Kang OH, Kwon DY. Curcumin reverse methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules 2014; 19:18283-95. [PMID: 25389660 PMCID: PMC6271166 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191118283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic flavonoid extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L., was shown to possess superior potency to resensitize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to antibiotics. Previous studies have shown the synergistic activity of curcumin with β-lactam and quinolone antibiotics. Further, to understand the anti-MRSA mechanism of curcumin, we investigated the potentiated effect of curcumin by its interaction in diverse conditions. The mechanism of anti-MRSA action of curcumin was analyzed by the viability assay in the presence of detergents, ATPase inhibitors and peptidoglycan (PGN) from S. aureus, and the PBP2a protein level was analyzed by western blotting. The morphological changes in the curcumin-treated MRSA strains were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We analyzed increased susceptibility to MRSA isolates in the presence of curcumin. The optical densities at 600 nm (OD600) of the suspensions treated with the combinations of curcumin with triton X-100 and Tris were reduced to 63% and 59%, respectively, compared to curcumin without treatment. N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) and sodium azide (NaN3) were reduced to 94% and 55%, respectively. When peptidoglycan (PGN) from S. aureus was combined with curcumin, PGN (0–125 μg/mL) gradually blocked the antibacterial activity of curcumin (125 μg/mL); however, at a concentration of 125 µg/mL PGN, it did not completely block curcumin. Curcumin has a significant effect on the protein level of PBP2a. The TEM images of MRSA showed damage of the cell wall, disruption of the cytoplasmic contents, broken cell membrane and cell lysis after the treatment of curcumin. These data indicate a remarkable antibacterial effect of curcumin, with membrane permeability enhancers and ATPase inhibitors, and curcumin did not directly bind to PGN on the cell wall. Further, the antimicrobial action of curcumin involved in the PBP2a-mediated resistance mechanism was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Mun
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Ryong Kong
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Jang-Gi Choi
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- Standardized Material Bank for New Botanical Drugs, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Dong-Won Shin
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, College of Bio Industry Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - Ok-Hwa Kang
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Dong-Yeul Kwon
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
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de Boer HJ, Cotingting C. Medicinal plants for women's healthcare in southeast Asia: a meta-analysis of their traditional use, chemical constituents, and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:747-67. [PMID: 24269772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This is an extensive review of plants used traditionally for women's healthcare in Southeast Asia and surrounding countries. Medicinal plants have a significant role in women's healthcare in many rural areas of the world. Plants with numerous efficacious observations have historically been used as a starting point in the development of new drugs, and a large percentage of modern pharmaceuticals have been derived from medicinal plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review was conducted for all plant use mentioned specifically for female healthcare, such as medicine to increase fertility, induce menstruation or abortion, ease pregnancy and parturition, reduce menstrual bleeding and postpartum hemorrhage, alleviate menstrual, parturition and postpartum pain, increase or inhibit lactation, and treat mastitis and uterine prolapse, in 200 studies focusing on medicinal plant use, either general studies or studies focusing specifically on women's healthcare. RESULTS Nearly 2000 different plant species are reported to be used in over 5000 combinations. Most common are Achyranthes aspera, Artemisia vulgaris, Blumea balsamifera, Carica papaya, Curcuma longa, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Leonurus japonicus, Psidium guajava and Ricinus communis, and each of these species had been reported in more than 10 different scientific articles. CONCLUSIONS This review provides a basis for traditional plant use in women's healthcare, and these species can be used as the starting point in the discovery of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo J de Boer
- Department of Systematic Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvagen 18D, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, NHN Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, P.O. Box 9514, The Netherlands; Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Crystle Cotingting
- Department of Systematic Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvagen 18D, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden
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Mun SH, Joung DK, Kim YS, Kang OH, Kim SB, Seo YS, Kim YC, Lee DS, Shin DW, Kweon KT, Kwon DY. Synergistic antibacterial effect of curcumin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:714-8. [PMID: 23537748 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are spread among infected patients, with infection rates increasing at an alarming rate. Furthermore, increased resistance to antibiotics has resulted in serious challenges in the treatment of infectious diseases worldwide. Under the selection pressure of exposure to antibiotics, microorganisms evolve to survive against the new conditions imposed by therapy. Therefore, there exists a need to develop alternative natural or combination drug therapies. Curcumin (CCM), a natural polyphenolic flavonoid isolated from the rhizome of a plant, Curcuma longa Linné., has been found to possess many beneficial biological activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of curcumin and antibiotics as well as to determine the antibacterial activity of CCM against specific MRSA strains. The antibacterial activity of CCM was assessed by the broth microdilution method (by calculating the minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC]), checkerboard dilution test, and time-kill assay. Antimicrobial activity of CCM was observed against all tested strains. The MICs of CCM against 10 strains of S. aureus ranged from 125 to 250 μg/ml. In the checkerboard test, CCM markedly reduced the MICs of the antibiotics oxacillin (OXI), ampicillin (AMP), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and norfloxacin (NOR) used against MRSA. The time-kill curves showed that a combined CCM and OXI treatment reduced the bacterial counts below the lowest detectable limit after 24h. This study suggested that CCM reduced the MICs of several antibiotics tested, notably of OXI, AMP, CIP, and NOR, and that CCM in combination with antibiotics could lead to the development of new combination of antibiotics against MRSA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Mun
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
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Kim MS, Chun SS, Choi JH. Effects of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on Antioxidative Systems and Oxidative Damage in Rats Fed a High Fat and Cholesterol Diet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.4.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kim SW, Ha KC, Choi EK, Jung SY, Kim MG, Kwon DY, Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Kang HJ, Back HI, Kim SY, Park SH, Baek HY, Kim YJ, Lee JY, Chae SW. The effectiveness of fermented turmeric powder in subjects with elevated alanine transaminase levels: a randomised controlled study. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:58. [PMID: 23497020 PMCID: PMC3600681 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Previous animal studies have shown that Curcuma longa (turmeric) improves liver function. Turmeric may thus be a promising ingredient in functional foods aimed at improving liver function. The purpose of the study is to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of fermented turmeric powder (FTP) on liver function in subjects with elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. Methods A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted between November 2010 and April 2012 at the clinical trial center for functional foods of the Chonbuk National University Hospital. The trial included 60 subjects, 20 years old and above, who were diagnosed mild to moderate elevated ALT levels between 40 IU/L and 200 IU/L. Sixty subjects were randomised to receive FTP 3.0 g per day or placebo 3.0 g per day for 12 weeks. The treatment group received two capsules of FTP three times a day after meals, for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was change in the ALT levels in the two groups. The secondary efficacy endpoints included its effect on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TB), and lipid profiles. Safety was assessed throughout the study using ongoing laboratory tests. Adverse events (AEs) were also recorded. Results Sixty subjects were randomised in the study (30 into the FTP group, 30 into the placebo group), and among them, twelve subjects were excluded from the analysis for protocol violation, adverse events or consent withdrawal. The two groups did not differ in baseline characteristics. After 12 weeks of treatment, 48 subjects were evaluated. Of the 48 subjects, 26 randomly received FTP capsules and 22 received placebo. The FTP group showed a significant reduction in ALT levels after 12 weeks of treatment compared with the placebo group (p = 0.019). There was also observed that the serum AST levels were significantly reduce in the FTP group than placebo group (p = 0.02). The GGT levels showed a tendency to decrease, while the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), TB, and lipids levels were not modified. There were no reported severe AEs during this study, or abnormalities observed on blood glucose, total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine levels. Conclusion The data of this trial indicate that FTP is effective and safe, generally well-tolerated without severe AEs, in the treatment of subjects with elevated ALT levels over a 12 weeks period. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: http://NCT01634256
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Demethoxycurcumin Retards Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Human Brain Malignant Glioma GBM 8401 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:396573. [PMID: 22454662 PMCID: PMC3291079 DOI: 10.1155/2012/396573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Demethoxycurcumin (DMC; a curcumin-related demethoxy compound) has been recently shown to display antioxidant and antitumor activities. It has also produced a potent chemopreventive action against cancer. In the present study, the antiproliferation (using the MTT assay, DMC was found to have cytotoxic activities against GBM 8401 cell with IC50 values at 22.71 μM) and induced apoptosis effects of DMC have been investigated in human brain malignant glioma GBM 8401 cells. We have studied the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), DNA fragmentation, caspase activation, and NF-κB transcriptional factor activity. By these approaches, our results indicated that DMC has produced an inhibition of cell proliferation as well as the activation of apoptosis in GBM 8401 cells. Both effects were observed to increase in proportion with the dosage of DMC treatment, and the apoptosis was induced by DMC in human brain malignant glioma GBM 8401 cells via mitochondria- and caspase-dependent pathways.
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Desai KR, Dattani JJ, Rajput DK, Moid N, Highland HN, George LB. Role of curcumin on chloroquine phosphate-induced reproductive toxicity. Drug Chem Toxicol 2012; 35:184-91. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2011.589846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Li J, Liao CR, Wei JQ, Chen LX, Zhao F, Qiu F. Diarylheptanoids from Curcuma kwangsiensis and their inhibitory activity on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:5363-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Eric Chan W, Lim Y, Wong S. Antioxidant properties of ginger leaves: An overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5530/ax.2011.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
Liver diseases incorporate several maladies, which can range from benign histological changes to serious life-threatening conditions. These may include inborn metabolic disease, primary and metastatic cancers, alcoholic cirrhosis, viral hepatitis and drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Liver disease remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality with significant economic and social costs. Several novel approaches are currently being studied which may provide a better therapeutic outcome. The use of naturally occurring phytochemicals, some of them obtained from dietary sources, in the amelioration of illness have recently gained considerable popularity. These agents, having anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, provide a safe and effective means of ameliorating chronic disease. Resveratrol, a grape polyphenol, has shown considerable promise as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of the aforementioned liver ailments. Several studies have highlighted the hepatoprotective properties of resveratrol. Resveratrol has been shown to prevent hepatic damage because of free radicals and inflammatory cytokines, induce anti-oxidant enzymes and elevate glutathione content. Resveratrol has also been shown to modulate varied signal transduction pathways implicated in liver diseases. This review critically examines the current preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies on the preventive and therapeutic effects of resveratrol in liver diseases. The review highlights the pharmacological mechanisms involved in mediating the aforementioned effects. Toxicity, pharmacokinetics and clinical bioavailability of resveratrol are also reviewed in this article. The challenges involved, future directions and novel approaches such as site-specific drug delivery in the use of resveratrol for the prevention and treatment of liver disease are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern Ohio Universities Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Rootstown, OH, USA.
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Tribuli fructus constituents protect against tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:67-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-2226-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Revised: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chromone glycosides and hepatoprotective constituents of Hypericum erectum. Arch Pharm Res 2009; 32:1393-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-009-2008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Revised: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 08/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gan LS, Ren G, Mo JX, Zhang XY, Yao W, Zhou CX. Cycloartane triterpenoids from Kleinhovia hospita. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:1102-1105. [PMID: 19489592 DOI: 10.1021/np900029z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Four new cycloartane triterpenoids, together with the known gardenolic acid B, were isolated from Kleinhovia hospita. The triterpenoids (1-3) contain a unique 21,23-diacetal side-chain, while compound 4 contains two alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone moieties. Their structures and relative configurations were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 2D NMR and IR. These compounds showed promising hepatoprotective effects on nitrofurantoin-induced cytotoxicity in human liver-derived Hep G2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-She Gan
- Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine (IMCM), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Mukherjee PK, Sahoo AK, Narayanan N, Kumar NS, Ponnusankar S. Lead finding from medicinal plants with hepatoprotective potentials. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2009; 4:545-76. [DOI: 10.1517/17460440902911433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Suresh S, Yadav VR, Suresh A. Health Benefits and Therapeutic Applications of Curcumin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10601330601079810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Negi AS, Kumar J, Luqman S, Shanker K, Gupta M, Khanuja S. Recent advances in plant hepatoprotectives: A chemical and biological profile of some important leads. Med Res Rev 2008; 28:746-72. [DOI: 10.1002/med.20115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Adhvaryu MR, Reddy NM, Vakharia BC. Prevention of hepatotoxicity due to anti tuberculosis treatment: A novel integrative approach. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14:4753-62. [PMID: 18720535 PMCID: PMC2739336 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.14.4753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the ability of Curcuma longa (CL) and Tinospora cordifolia (TC) formulation to prevent anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment (ATT) induced hepatotoxicity.
METHODS: Patients with active TB diagnosis were randomized to a drug control group and a trial group on drugs plus an herbal formulation. Isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for first 2 mo followed by continuation phase therapy excluding Pyrazinamide for 4 mo comprised the anti-tuberculous treatment. Curcumin enriched (25%) CL and a hydro-ethanolic extract enriched (50%) TC 1 g each divided in two doses comprised the herbal adjuvant. Hemogram, bilirubin and liver enzymes were tested initially and monthly till the end of study to evaluate the result.
RESULTS: Incidence and severity of hepatotoxicity was significantly lower in trial group (incidence: 27/192 vs 2/316, P < 0.0001). Mean aspartate transaminase (AST) (195.93 ± 108.74 vs 85 ± 4.24, P < 0.0001), alanine transaminase (ALT) (75.74 ± 26.54 vs 41 ± 1.41, P < 0.0001) and serum bilirubin (5.4 ± 3.38 vs 1.5 ± 0.42, P < 0.0001). A lesser sputum positivity ratio at the end of 4 wk (10/67 vs 4/137, P = 0.0068) and decreased incidence of poorly resolved parenchymal lesion at the end of the treatment (9/152 vs 2/278, P = 0.0037) was observed. Improved patient compliance was indicated by nil drop-out in trial vs 10/192 in control group (P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION: The herbal formulation prevented hepatotoxicity significantly and improved the disease outcome as well as patient compliance without any toxicity or side effects.
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Effect of some natural products either alone or in combination on gastritis induced in experimental rats. Dig Dis Sci 2008; 53:1774-84. [PMID: 18368490 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-008-0246-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2004] [Accepted: 07/12/2005] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastritis, an inflammatory state in gastric mucosa, can be induced experimentally in various ways. The present study considered the iodoacetamide model (Iodo). Omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil), black seed oil, and curcuminoids (natural products) in addition to omeprazole (synthetic proton-pump inhibitor) were tested. Supplementation of 0.1% iodoacetamide to drinking water of experimental rats for two consecutive weeks resulted in: (i) increased serum nitric oxide (NO) and gastrin, and decreased pepsinogen, (ii) depletion of gastric mucosal glutathione (GSH), and (iii) increased gastric mucosal lipid peroxidation (MDA), but failed to affect gastric mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Histological examination showed marked neutrophilic infiltration after 1 week of iodoacetamide administration and shedding of apical cell layer with pale edematous vacuolated gastric gland cells and thickening of muscularis mucosa after 2 weeks of iodoacetamide intake. Individual administration of omega-3 fatty acids 12 mg/kg, black seed oil 50 mg/kg, and curcuminoids 50 mg/kg body weight orally daily for 3 weeks decreased MDA, gastrin, and NO, and normalized mucosal GSH but failed to affect serum pepsinogen level. Combined administration of these natural products for 3 weeks normalized MPO activity, and other effects were nearly the same as with individual use. Omeprazole administration 30 mg/kg body weight orally daily for 3 weeks induced a similar response except for an observed increase in serum gastrin and pepsinogen levels.
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Pozharitskaya ON, Ivanova SA, Shikov AN, Makarov VG. Separation and free radical-scavenging activity of major curcuminoids of Curcuma longa using HPTLC-DPPH method. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2008; 19:236-243. [PMID: 17929240 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A direct HPTLC assay was developed for the determination of total curcuminoids and three individual curcuminoids, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. In addition, a new procedure was developed to separate and quantitative the free radical-scavenging activity of individual compounds from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae) based on the combination of HPTLC with a diode array detector (DAD) and post chromatographic DPPH(*) radical derivatisation. It was established that both individual curcuminoids and the extract of C. longa were capable of scavenging DPPH(*) radicals. From the estimated ID(50) values, it can be seen that the order of activity was curcumin > demethoxycurcumin > bisdemethoxycurcumin >> ascorbic acid. However, the ID(50) values of curcuminoids were not significantly different. The data indicates the presence of a synergistic mechanism of antiradical activity of curcuminoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga N Pozharitskaya
- Interregional Center Adaptogen, 47/5, Piskarevsky pr., 195067, St-Petersburg, Russia
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Sivalingam N, Hanumantharaya R, Faith M, Basivireddy J, Balasubramanian KA, Jacob M. Curcumin reduces indomethacin-induced damage in the rat small intestine. J Appl Toxicol 2007; 27:551-60. [PMID: 17351913 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in clinical medicine. Their utility is, however, often limited by the adverse effects they produce in the gastrointestinal tract. Oxidative stress has been shown to occur in the small intestine in response to the oral administration of indomethacin, an NSAID commonly used in toxicity studies. In view of this, the effect of curcumin, an agent with anti-oxidant properties, was evaluated on indomethacin-induced small intestinal damage in a rat model. Rats were pretreated with various doses of curcumin (20 mg kg(-1), 40 mg kg(-1) and 80 mg kg(-1)) before administering indomethacin at 20 mg kg(-1). Various parameters of oxidative stress and the extent of small intestinal damage produced by indomethacin, with and without pretreatment with curcumin, were measured. Macroscopic ulceration was found to occur in the small intestine in response to indomethacin. The viability of enterocytes from indomethacin-treated animals was significantly lower than those from control animals. Drug-induced oxidative stress was also evident as seen by increases in the levels of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl and in activities of pro-oxidant enzymes such as myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase in indomethacin-treated rats. Concomitant decreases were seen in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and glutathione peroxidase in these animals. Pretreatment with curcumin was found to ameliorate these drug-induced changes. Thus, curcumin appears to hold promise as an agent that can potentially reduce NSAID-induced small intestinal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageswaran Sivalingam
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore-632002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sivalingam N, Basivireddy J, Balasubramanian KA, Jacob M. Curcumin attenuates indomethacin-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Arch Toxicol 2007; 82:471-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-007-0263-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2007] [Accepted: 10/31/2007] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Adhvaryu MR, Reddy N, Parabia MH. Effects of four Indian medicinal herbs on Isoniazid-, Rifampicin- and Pyrazinamide-induced hepatic injury and immunosuppression in guinea pigs. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13:3199-205. [PMID: 17589898 PMCID: PMC4436605 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i23.3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate and compare the hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects of Curcuma longa (CL), Ocimum sanctum (OS), Tinospora cordifolia (TC) and Zizyphus mauritiana (ZM) on liver injury and immunosuppression induced by Isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (RIF) and Pyrazinamide (PZA).
METHODS: Duncan Hartley guinea pigs, weighing 700-1050 g, were treated orally with 50 mg/kg of INH, 100 mg/kg of RIF and 300 mg/Kg of PZA for 21-d. 200 mg/kg (bw) of each herb crude extract was administered to the herb control group and 2-h previous to INH + RIF + PZA (AKT) doses to the Herb + AKT groups. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspertate aminotransferase (AST) bilirubin and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) were assessed on d 0 and 21 in all the groups. Phagocytic % (P%), Phagocytic Index (PI) and Chemotactic Index (CI) were also measured as immunologic parameters. Histological analysis was carried out to assess injury to the liver.
RESULTS: The AKT treated control group showed hepatotoxicity as judged by elevated serum AST 5-fold, AST/ALT ratio 4-fold, ALP 2-fold and hepatological changes, such as focal necrosis, portal triaditis and steatosis. Immune function was suppressed as judged by decreased P% (51.67 ± 1.68 vs 40.61 ± 1.28, P < 0.01), PI (2.0725 ± 0.05 vs 0.61 ± 0.05, P < 0.001) and CI (1.8525 ± 0.04 vs 0.695 ± 0.07, P < 0.001). All four herb treated groups showed normal liver histology, enzyme levels and increased P%, while PI and CI were enhanced in the TC and ZM treated groups, respectively. CL + AKT, TC + AKT and ZM + AKT showed nearly normal histology with minimal inflammation and microvesicular steatosis, while OS + AKT showed partial protection. Hepatotoxicity was prevented by restricting the rise of AST by 2-fold in CL + AKT and TC + AKT groups and by 3-fold in OS + AKT and ZM + AKT groups, AST/ALT by 2-fold and ALP to normal levels in all four groups. All four herb + AKT groups showed normal to enhanced neutrophil function.
CONCLUSION: All four herbs showed hepatoprotective potential and prevented immunosuppression. CL and TC showed the highest hepatoprotective activity, while TC and ZM showed strong immunostimulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghna-R Adhvaryu
- Bapalal Vaidya Botanical Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, 110, Nehru Nagar Society, Ichchhanath Road, Surat 395007, India.
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An RB, Park EJ, Jeong GS, Sohn DH, Kim YC. Cytoprotective constituent of hoveniae lignum on both hep G2 cells and rat primary hepatocytes. Arch Pharm Res 2007; 30:674-7. [PMID: 17679542 DOI: 10.1007/bf02977626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation of the EtOH extract of Hoveniae Lignum yielded four phenolic compounds, phloretin (1), 5-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-gamma-valerolactone (2), (-)-epiafzelechin (3), and maesopsin (4). Compound 1 was hepatoprotective against tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in human liver-derived Hep G2 cells with an EC50 value of 37.55 +/- 0.42 microM. Compound 1 (0.4-200 microM) also significantly reduced tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced cytotoxicity in rat primary hepatocytes as measured by the cellular leakage of lactate dehydrogenase and the level of aspartate transaminase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Bo An
- College of Pharmacy and Phytofermentation Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea
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48
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Sandur SK, Pandey MK, Sung B, Ahn KS, Murakami A, Sethi G, Limtrakul P, Badmaev V, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, tetrahydrocurcumin and turmerones differentially regulate anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative responses through a ROS-independent mechanism. Carcinogenesis 2007; 28:1765-73. [PMID: 17522064 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgm123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), has been shown to exhibit chemopreventive activity. Whether analogs of curcumin (Cur), such as demethoxycurcumin (DMC), bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) and turmerones, modulate inflammatory signaling and cell proliferation signaling to same extent as curcumin was investigated. The results indicate that the relative potency for suppression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation was Cur > DMC > BDMC; thus suggesting the critical role of methoxy groups on the phenyl ring. THC, which lacks the conjugated bonds in the central seven-carbon chain, was completely inactive for suppression of the transcription factor. Turmerones also failed to inhibit TNF-induced NF-kappaB activation. The suppression of NF-kappaB activity correlated with inhibition of NF-kappaB reporter activity and with down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2, cyclin D1 and vascular endothelial growth factor, all regulated by NF-kappaB. In contrast to NF-kappaB activity, the suppression of proliferation of various tumor cell lines by Cur, DMC and BDMC was found to be comparable; indicating the methoxy groups play minimum role in the growth-modulatory effects of curcumin. THC and turmerones were also found to be active in suppression of cell growth but to a much lesser extent than curcumin, DMC and BDMC. Whether suppression of NF-kappaB or cell proliferation, no relationship of any of the curcuminoid was found with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Overall, our results demonstrated that different analogs of curcumin present in turmeric exhibit variable anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities, which do not correlate with their ability to modulate the ROS status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Sandur
- Cytokine Research Section, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Box 143, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Somparn P, Phisalaphong C, Nakornchai S, Unchern S, Morales NP. Comparative antioxidant activities of curcumin and its demethoxy and hydrogenated derivatives. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:74-8. [PMID: 17202663 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant activities of curcumin, its natural demethoxy derivatives (demethoxycurcumin, Dmc and bisdemethoxycurcumin, Bdmc) and metabolite hydrogenated derivatives (tetrahydrocurcumin, THC; hexahydrocurcumin, HHC; octahydrocurcumin; OHC) were comparatively studied using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) radical, 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH) induced linoleic oxidation and AAPH induced red blood cell hemolysis assays. Hydrogenated derivatives of curcumin exhibited stronger DPPH scavenging activity compared to curcumin and a reference antioxidant, trolox. The scavenging activity significantly decreased in the order THC>HHC=OHC>trolox>curcumin>Dmc>>>Bdmc. Stronger antioxidant activities toward lipid peroxidation and red blood cell hemolysis were also demonstrated in the hydrogenated derivatives. By the model of AAPH induced linoleic oxidation, the stoichiometric number of peroxyl radical that can be trapped per molecule (n) of hydrogenated derivatives were 3.4, 3.8 and 3.1 for THC, HHC and OHC, respectively. The number (n) of curcumin and Dmc were 2.7 and 2.0, respectively, which are comparable to trolox, while it was 1.4 for Bdmc. The inhibition of AAPH induced red blood cell hemolysis significantly decreased in the order OHC>THC=HHC>trolox>curcumin=Dmc. Results in all models demonstrated the lower antioxidant activity of the demethoxy derivatives, suggesting the ortho-methoxyphenolic groups of curcumin are involved in antioxidant activities. On the other hand, hydrogenation at conjugated double bonds of the central seven carbon chain and beta diketone of curcumin to THC, HHC and OHC remarkably enhance antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorichaya Somparn
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Tong QS, Zheng LD, Lu P, Jiang FC, Chen FM, Zeng FQ, Wang L, Dong JH. Apoptosis-inducing effects of curcumin derivatives in human bladder cancer cells. Anticancer Drugs 2006; 17:279-87. [PMID: 16520656 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-200603000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to prepare curcumin derivatives and study their apoptosis-inducing effects on bladder cancer cells in order to establish a basis for targeted chemotherapy of cancer. n-Maleoyl-L-valine-curcumin (NVC) and n-maleoyl-glycine-curcumin (NGC) were chemically synthesized. Intracellular esterase activity of the human bladder cancer EJ cell line and renal tubular epithelial (HKC) cells was examined by 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate fluorometry. After incubation with NVC or NGC for 6-24 h, cell viability was detected by MTT colorimetry. Cell apoptosis and apoptotic rates were measured by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, TUNEL labeling and flow cytometry. Intracellular caspase-3 activities were determined by spectrophotometry. The esterase activity within EJ cells was 10.2-fold higher than that of HKC cells, which was abolished by bis-p-nitrophenylphosphate, an esterase inhibitor, resulting in decreases in NVC- and NGC-mediated cell viability arrest. For EJ cells, the IC50 values of NVC (20.1 micromol/l) and NGC (18.7 micromol/l) were close to curcumin (16.5 micromol/l). Meanwhile, their IC50 values on HKC cells were, respectively, 4.06- and 3.23-fold higher than curcumin. Moreover, NVC and NGC induced apoptosis of EJ cells by 10.13-23.36 and 12.42-28.56%, respectively. Administration of these two derivatives resulted in decreased apoptosis of HKC cells compared with curcumin. The caspase-3 activities of EJ cells, but not of HKC cells, were 5.21- and 5.63-fold enhanced by NVC and NGC, respectively. Thus, novel esterase-sensitive curcumin derivatives were synthesized, which induced extensive apoptosis of bladder cancer EJ cells, but not normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Song Tong
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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