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Alkahtani SA, Alshammari GM, Alzuwaydi A, Alfuhaid A, Al-Masri AA, Qaisar R, Habib SS. Association between handgrip strength and metabolic syndrome in relation to gender and adiposity among middle aged and older Saudi populations. Aging Male 2024; 27:2325146. [PMID: 38468373 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2024.2325146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM This cross-sectional study investigated the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and handgrip strength (HGS) with respect to sex and adiposity in Saudi men (n = 287) and women (n = 268). MATERIAL AND METHODS Anthropometry, body composition, HGS, and blood biochemistry were measured. The average age of the study population was 57.65 ± 9.3 years (men = 55.1 ± 9.3 years, women = 60.4 ± 9.3 years). We report that HGS/body mass index (BMI), HGS/weight, and HGS/fat (%) were significantly higher in controls than in patients with MetS in men but not in women. According to the ROC analysis, relative HGS (RHGS) was higher than HGS alone in the association with MetS, which was significant for men (p < 0.01). At lower quartiles of HGS, the probability of MetS was higher in women, and the same was found in men in the lower quartiles of HGS/%Fat. Multinomial regression revealed significant associations between age and adiposity and MetS in men and HGS in women. Additionally, the linear regression of age, HGS, and weight exhibited significant associations between HGS with WC in both sexes. CONCLUSION A higher risk of MetS in the lower quartiles of HGS was found in women, and adiposity moderated the relationship between HGS and MetS in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaea A Alkahtani
- Exercise Physiology Department, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aishah Alzuwaydi
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alfuhaid
- Exercise Physiology Department, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A Al-Masri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Qaisar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab of Emirates
| | - Syed Shahid Habib
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Rojas-Solé C, Pinilla-González V, Lillo-Moya J, González-Fernández T, Saso L, Rodrigo R. Integrated approach to reducing polypharmacy in older people: exploring the role of oxidative stress and antioxidant potential therapy. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2289740. [PMID: 38108325 PMCID: PMC10732214 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2289740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased life expectancy, attributed to improved access to healthcare and drug development, has led to an increase in multimorbidity, a key contributor to polypharmacy. Polypharmacy is characterised by its association with a variety of adverse events in the older persons. The mechanisms involved in the development of age-related chronic diseases are largely unknown; however, altered redox homeostasis due to ageing is one of the main theories. In this context, the present review explores the development and interaction between different age-related diseases, mainly linked by oxidative stress. In addition, drug interactions in the treatment of various diseases are described, emphasising that the holistic management of older people and their pathologies should prevail over the individual treatment of each condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Rojas-Solé
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor Pinilla-González
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Lillo-Moya
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tommy González-Fernández
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Chatzivasileiou P, Armeni E, Chedraui P, Kontou L, Augoulea A, Palaiologou A, Kaparos G, Panoulis K, Alexandrou A, Vlachos N, Lambrinoudaki I. Postmenopausal women with higher TSH values within the normal range present improved handgrip strength: a pilot study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2024; 40:2333432. [PMID: 38567465 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2333432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the possible association between thyroid function within the euthyroid range and musculoskeletal parameters as well as body composition in a sample of postmenopausal women. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 96 postmenopausal women with serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) within the normal laboratory reference range. Fasting venous blood samples were obtained for biochemical/hormonal assessment. Bone status and body composition were measured using Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Physical activity was quantified using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) index. RESULTS Serum TSH correlated with handgrip strength (HGS, r-coefficient = 0.233, p = .025), and total body bone mineral density (BMD) T-score values (r-coefficient = 0.321, p = .003). HGS measures were associated with BMD (r-coefficient = 0.415, p < .001), with bone mineral content (BMC, r-coefficient = 0.427, p < .001), and lean mass (r-coefficient = 0.326, p = .003). Women with low muscle strength, defined as HGS < 16 kg, had lower TSH levels than women with normal muscle strength (low vs. normal muscle strength, ANCOVA 1.13 ± 0.49 mU/L vs. 1.60 ± 0.83 mU/L, p = 0.024) independently of age, BMD, percentage of body fat or absolute lean mass. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that HGS values were associated with TSH measurements (β-coefficient = 0.246, p = .014) and BMD T-score values (β-coefficient = 0.306, p = .002). All models were adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), vitamin D, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, current smoking, physical activity, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS In this sample of postmenopausal women, lower serum TSH values, within normal range, were associated with lower muscle strength compared to higher normal TSH values. Further research is needed to elucidate the significance of our preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Chatzivasileiou
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menopause Clinic, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Armeni
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menopause Clinic, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Royal Free Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, University College London Medical School, London, UK
| | - Peter Chedraui
- Escuela de Posgrado en Salud, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador
| | - Loraina Kontou
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menopause Clinic, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Areti Augoulea
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menopause Clinic, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Palaiologou
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menopause Clinic, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Kaparos
- Biochemical Laboratory, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Panoulis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menopause Clinic, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Alexandrou
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menopause Clinic, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Vlachos
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menopause Clinic, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Lambrinoudaki
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menopause Clinic, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Silva MGS, Carvalho TL, de Azevedo Vieira JE, da Costa LR, da Silva DLO, Costa ALB, dos Anjos HPS, Lopes AJ. Evaluating performance on the Glittre-ADL test in men with long COVID 3 years after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Exerc Sci Fit 2024; 22:271-277. [PMID: 38601317 PMCID: PMC11002684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/objective Many COVID-19 survivors, especially those who have been hospitalized, have been suffering numerous complications that limit their activities of daily living, although changes that persist 3 years after infection are still not known. We aimed to investigate the impact of long COVID on the Glittre-ADL test (TGlittre) 3 years after acute infection in men who needed hospitalization and explore whether the performance on the TGlittre is associated with impairments in lung function, muscle strength, physical function and quality of life (QoL). Methods Cross-sectional study with 42 men with long COVID who took the TGlittre. They underwent pulmonary function tests and measurements of handgrip strength and quadriceps strength (QS). Additionally, they also completed the Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Results The mean age was 52 ± 10.6 years, while the mean time after diagnosis of COVID-19 was 37 ± 3.5 months. The mean TGlittre time was 3.3 (3.1-4.1) min, which was 10% greater than the time expected for normal individuals to complete it. The TGlittre time was correlated significantly with the QS (rs = -0.397, p = 0.009), pulmonary diffusion (rs = - 0.364, p = 0.017), FIM (rs = -0.364, p = 0.017) and the "activity" domain score of the SGRQ (rs = 0.327, p = 0.034). Conclusion Functional capacity on exertion as measured by the TGlittre time is normal in most men with long COVID 3 years after hospitalization. However, this improvement in functional capacity does not seem to be reflected in muscle strength or QoL, requiring continued monitoring even after 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Gomes Soares Silva
- Rehabilitation Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Augusto Motta University Center (UNISUAM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lemos Carvalho
- Rehabilitation Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Augusto Motta University Center (UNISUAM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Agnaldo José Lopes
- Rehabilitation Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Augusto Motta University Center (UNISUAM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Söderberg Veibäck G, Malmgren L, Asp M, Ventorp F, Suneson K, Grudet C, Westrin Å, Lindqvist D. Inflammatory depression is associated with selective glomerular hypofiltration. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:80-87. [PMID: 38574872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic low-grade inflammation may be a pathophysiological mechanism in a subtype of depression. In this study we investigate a novel candidate mechanism of inflammatory depression - Selective Glomerular Hypofiltration Syndromes (SGHS) - which are characterized by a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on cystatin C (cysC) relative to eGFR based on creatinine (crea). SGHS have been associated with increased blood levels of pro-inflammatory markers, but have never been investigated in a sample of depressed individuals. METHOD The prevalence of SGHS was compared between 313 patients with difficult-to-treat depression and 73 controls. Since there is no single established eGFRcysC/eGFRcrea-ratio cut-off to define SGHS, several cut-offs were investigated in relation to a depression diagnosis, inflammation, and symptom severity. Plasma inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were available from 276 depressed patients. We examined mediation effects of IL-6 on the relationship between SGHS and depression. RESULTS Depressed patients were more likely to have SGHS compared to controls defining SGHS as either eGFRcysC/eGFRcrea-ratio < 0.9 (33.2 % vs 20.5 %, p = 0.035) or < 0.8 (15.7 % vs 5.5 %, p = 0.023). Lower eGFRcysC/eGFRcrea-ratio was associated with higher levels of inflammatory markers in depressed patients. IL-6 partly mediated the relationship between SGHS and depression. CONCLUSION This is the first study to demonstrate a link between SGHS and inflammatory depression. If replicated in independent and longitudinal cohorts, this may prove to be a relevant pathophysiological mechanism in some cases of depression that could be targeted in future intervention and prevention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Söderberg Veibäck
- Unit for Biological and Precision Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Clinical Sciences Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Linnea Malmgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Geriatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marie Asp
- Unit for Biological and Precision Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Sweden; Office for Psychiatry and Habilitation, Psychiatric Clinic Lund, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Filip Ventorp
- Unit for Biological and Precision Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Sweden; Office for Psychiatry and Habilitation, Psychiatric Clinic Lund, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Klara Suneson
- Unit for Biological and Precision Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Sweden; Office for Psychiatry and Habilitation, Psychiatric Clinic Malmö, Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cécile Grudet
- Clinical addiction research unit, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Åsa Westrin
- Unit for Clinical Suicide Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Sweden; Office for Psychiatry and Habilitation, Psychiatry Research Skåne, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel Lindqvist
- Unit for Biological and Precision Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Sweden; Office for Psychiatry and Habilitation, Psychiatry Research Skåne, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden.
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Hafızoğlu M, Yıldırım HK, Öztürk Y, Şahiner Z, Karaduman D, Atbaş C, Doğu BB, Halil MG, Cankurtaran M, Balcı C. Assessment of phase angle as a novel indicator for sarcopenic obesity according to the ESPEN/EASO criteria in older adults with diabetes mellitus. Nutrition 2024; 123:112412. [PMID: 38554459 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a clinical condition in which sarcopenia and obesity occur together, and is associated with more poor clinical outcomes, increased mortality, and morbidity than sarcopenia. Phase angle (PhA), a parameter derived from bioimpedance analysis (BIA), provides data on cellular health, membrane integrity, and cellular function. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between SO and PhA among older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital, and all participants underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment, the hand-grip strength test (HGST), the chair stand test (CST) for muscle strength evaluation, the 4-meter walking test, and the timed up-and-go (TUG) test for physical performance assessment. The diagnosis of SO was made according to the ESPEN/EASO criteria. The PhA was determined automatically by the BIA using resistance and reactance at 50 kHz for each participant. RESULTS A total of 322 participants were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 72.5 ±5.8, and 203 (63%) of them were female; 63 (19.6%) of them were sarcopenic obese. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, a significant relationship was found when the model was adjusted for age, female gender, MNA-sf scores, HbA1c level, and CCI scores (OR: 0.53, 95%CI: 0.29-0.98, P = 0.04). In ROC analyses, for PhA in predicting SO diagnosis, the AUC was 0.586 (95%CI: 0.505-0.678, P = 0.033). At the cut-off score 4.4, sensitivity was 57.1% and specificity was 61.4%; positive predictive value (PPV) was 26.5%; negative predictive value (NPV) was 85.5%. CONCLUSIONS The study identified a significant relationship between SO and PhA among older adults with type 2 DM. However, larger prospective studies are needed to confirm the potential utility of PhA as a biomarker for SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Hafızoğlu
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Hatice Kübra Yıldırım
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yelda Öztürk
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Eskişehir City Hospital, Eskişehir
| | - Zeynep Şahiner
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Karaduman
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cansu Atbaş
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Balam Doğu
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Gülhan Halil
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cankurtaran
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cafer Balcı
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Chiloiro G, Cintoni M, Palombaro M, Romano A, Reina S, Pulcini G, Corvari B, Di Franco S, Meldolesi E, Egidi G, Grassi F, Raoul P, Rinninella E, Gasbarrini A, Mele MC, Gambacorta MA. Impact of body composition parameters on radiation therapy compliance in locally advanced rectal cancer: A retrospective observational analysis. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2024; 47:100789. [PMID: 38741926 PMCID: PMC11089307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2024.100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of body composition and sarcopenia in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is still unclear, even several studies have been published on this issue. Our study aims to analyze the impact of sarcopenia on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) tolerance and survival outcomes. Methods This is a retrospective, monocentric study where LARC patients treated between 2010 and 2020 were enrolled. A single slice, from the pre-therapy simulation computed tomography (CT) scan, was used to perform the body composition analysis with dedicated software. The primary endpoint was the impact of body composition on radiotherapy (RT) interruption secondarily on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and local control (LC). Results The study included 628 LARC patients (40.9 % female, mean age 63.4 years): 24 % had low skeletal muscle index (SMI), 30 % had low muscle density (MD) and 17 (10.3 % of obese) were sarcopenic obese. Higher BMI (OR 2.38, 95 % CI 1.36-4.01) and lower SMI (0.73, 95 % CI 0.55-0.94) resulted as independent predictors of RT interruption. Sarcopenic obesity (HR 2.83, 95 % CI 1.24-6.45) was related to worse OS, while MD (0.96, 95 % CI 0.93-0.98), and higher SMI (0.97, 95 % CI 0.95-0.99) were related to better OS; a lower MD remained also associated even in adjusted multivariable analysis (0.96, 95 % CI0.93-0.98). Moreover, higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT) resulted associated with worse DFS (1.02, 95 % CI 1.01-1.03), while higher SMI was related to better Local Control (0.96, 95 % CI 0.93-0.99). Conclusions Body composition analysis, particularly of muscle and fat masses, may be a useful tool for better management of LARC patients undergoing RT. Increased collaboration between radiation oncologists and clinical nutritionists is advisable, to enable early nutritional support of LARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta Chiloiro
- UOC Radioterapia, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Cintoni
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca e Formazione in Nutrizione Umana, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Palombaro
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Romano
- UOC Radioterapia, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Reina
- UOC Radioterapia, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Pulcini
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Corvari
- UOC Radioterapia, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Franco
- UOC Radioterapia, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Meldolesi
- UOC Radioterapia, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Egidi
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Futura Grassi
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Pauline Raoul
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rinninella
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- UOC Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mele
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca e Formazione in Nutrizione Umana, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Gambacorta
- UOC Radioterapia, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Li X, Wang R, Hou Z, Sun Q. Urban-rural differences in the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 122:105390. [PMID: 38460267 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of muscle mass, muscle strength, and/or physical performance due to aging is known as sarcopenia. Regardless of how serious this illness is, no single diagnostic criteria have been established. Much research conducted recently has demonstrated differences between built environment characteristics (i.e., urban and rural) and the occurrence of sarcopenia; however, variations in sarcopenia prevalence in urban-rural areas around the world have been reported by fewer studies. This work sought to determine how sarcopenia prevalence varied between urban and rural areas and to explore the associated influencing factors. METHODS Using the pertinent MESH phrases and free words, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and China national knowledge infrastructure databases were scanned for core sarcopenia literature up to February 26, 2023. Observational studies involving urban-rural patients with sarcopenia published in Chinese and English, and assessing muscle mass via computed tomography, bioelectrical impedance, or dual-energy X-ray absorption techniques were considered as inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis involved analysis of the urban-rural prevalence in subgroups by diagnostic criteria, tools for assessing muscle mass and study type, as well as the factors related to urban-rural differences in the occurrence of sarcopenia. STATA version 11.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis. RESULTS Sixty-six articles involving 433,091 participants were included for analysis: of which 27 were analyzed for both prevalence and related factors whereas 39 were for only prevalence. The meta-analysis revealed the prevalence of sarcopenia to be 0.18 (95 % CI 0.14-0.22), with significant heterogeneity (P < 0.001; I2 = 99.9 %). Moreover, the prevalence of sarcopenia in urban group [0.16 (I2 = 99.9 %, 95 % CI 0.1-0.22)] was lower than in rural group [0.2 (I2 = 99.6 %, 95 % CI 0.16-0.25)] and urban-rural group [0.21 (I2 = 97.5 %, 95 % CI 0.16-0.25)]. Besides, the factors significantly associated with sarcopenia in urban-rural areas were age, gender, BMI, malnutrition, physical activity, and polypharmacy. There was significant heterogeneity between these factors and the association of sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS Sarcopenia is associated with aspects of the built environment, and studies have revealed that sarcopenia is more common in rural than in urban populations with influencing factors including age, gender, BMI, poor nutrition, insufficient physical activity, and polypharmacy. The lack of uniform diagnostic criteria makes a robust and comprehensive assessment difficult. Therefore, the formation of certain universal and standardized diagnostic criteria will help future research on sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongyun Wang
- School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoer Hou
- School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuhua Sun
- School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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9
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Sánchez Amador L, Becerra Fernández A, Aguilar Vilas MV, Rodríguez Torres R, Alonso Rodríguez MC. Body composition and risk for sarcopenia in transgender women. Nutrition 2024; 123:112398. [PMID: 38521048 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Body composition and strength of cisgender (cis) individuals are well established. However, those for transgender women (trans women) undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy remain unclear. This study aimed to detect possible body composition and strength variations related to sarcopenia. METHODS This was a cross-sectional comparative study of 37 trans women, 34 cis men, and 34 cis women. Body composition was measured in all individuals by bioelectrical impedance analysis; prehensile strength by dynamometry was studied in trans women. RESULTS In this study, trans women had higher body mass index values than cis individuals (P < 0.01). Fat mass was 41% higher for trans women than cis men. Muscle mass (MM) was lower in trans women than cis men (-10%), and higher than cis women (24%). Bone mass was lower in trans women than cis men and higher in cis women (P < 0.01). Trans women's prehensile strengths were 25.26 kg for the right hand and 24.8 kg for the left. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was 23.63 kg, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index was 8.14 kg. CONCLUSION Trans women undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy show a tendency to adapt body compartments to those of cis women with increased fat mass and reduced muscle mass. Prehensile strength in trans women was close to the cutoff points for sarcopenia risk. Nutrition, physical activity, strength, and body composition are important to avoid the possible risk for sarcopenia. More studies along these lines are necessary, especially in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sánchez Amador
- Food, Nutrition and Public Health Strategies Research Group, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio Becerra Fernández
- Food, Nutrition and Public Health Strategies Research Group, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Victorina Aguilar Vilas
- Food, Nutrition and Public Health Strategies Research Group, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Rodríguez Torres
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Cui M, Wang J, Deng M, Meng H, Fan Y, Ku C, Wang R, Wu B, Dai M, Ping Z. Longitudinal relationship between grip strength and cognitive function in a European population older than 50 years: A cross-lagged panel model. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 122:105396. [PMID: 38484671 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic longitudinal relationship between grip strength and cognitive function. METHODS 6175 participants aged ≥50 years were included in the study using three waves of follow-up data from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe in 2015 (T1), 2017 (T2) and 2019 (T3). Cognitive function was assessed using numeracy, verbal fluency, immediate recall, delayed recall and total. The cross-lagged panel model was used for analysis. RESULTS There was a correlation between grip strength and cognitive function. Standardized path coefficient from numeracy T1 to grip strength T2 was 0.017 (p = 0.003), and from numeracy T2 to grip strength T3 was 0.014 (p = 0.012). Standardized path coefficient from grip strength T1 to numeracy T2 was 0.096 (p < 0.001), and from grip strength T2 to numeracy T3 was 0.113 (p < 0.001). Other indicators of cognitive function had similar relationships with grip strength. CONCLUSIONS The study found a statistically significant longitudinal and bidirectional relationship between grip strength and cognitive function in a sample of people aged ≥50 years from several European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Cui
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Miao Deng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hailan Meng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanshuai Fan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chaoyue Ku
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ruizhe Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Binbin Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Man Dai
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhiguang Ping
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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11
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She Y, He Y, Wu J, Liu N. Association between the sarcopenia-related traits and Parkinson's disease: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 122:105374. [PMID: 38452652 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the causal association between sarcopenia-related traits and Parkinson's disease by Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. METHODS A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of sarcopenia-related traits was done at the UK Biobank (UKB). The traits were appendicular lean mass, low hand grip strength (including the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) criteria and usual walking pace. The International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC) gave us GWAS data for Parkinson's disease (PD). We used three different types of MR analyses: including Inverse-variance weighted (IVW), Mendelian randomized Egger regression (MR-Egger), and weighted median methods (both weighted and simple modes). RESULTS The MR analysis showed that low hand grip strength was negatively associated with the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, including EWGSOP criterion (odds ratio (OR) = 0.734; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.575-0.937, P = 0.013) and FNIH criterion (OR = 0.619; 95% CI = 0.419-0.914, P = 0.016), and usual walking pace was also a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (OR = 3.307, 95% CI = 1.277-8.565, P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS In European population, low hand grip strength is negatively associated with the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, and usual walking pace is also a risk factor for Parkinson's disease. Further exploration of the potential genetic mechanisms underlying hand grip strength and Parkinson's disease and the potential relationship between walking pace, balance, and falls in Parkinson's patients may help to reduce the burden of sarcopenia and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi She
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Avenida do Hospital das Ilhas no.447, Coloane, RAEM, 999078, Macau, China
| | - Yaming He
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Avenida do Hospital das Ilhas no.447, Coloane, RAEM, 999078, Macau, China
| | - Jianwei Wu
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Avenida do Hospital das Ilhas no.447, Coloane, RAEM, 999078, Macau, China.
| | - Ning Liu
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Avenida do Hospital das Ilhas no.447, Coloane, RAEM, 999078, Macau, China.
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12
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Di W, Luyao Y, Chengwei Y, Valtonen AM, Juha-Pekka K, Ying G. Exploring the causal link between circulating cytokines and sarcopenia traits: A Mendelian randomization analysis. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:3434-3447. [PMID: 38450985 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous observational studies have linked circulating cytokines to sarcopenia, but their causal relationship remains unclear. This study employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) to investigate the causal links between circulating cytokines and sarcopenia-related traits using genetic data. METHODS A two-sample bidirectional MR analysis was conducted using data from individuals of European ancestry, utilizing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) statistics. The study selected instrumental single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with circulating cytokines and applied multiple MR methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), Weighted Median, MR-Egger, Weighted Mode, Simple Mode, and MR-PRESSO. The traits analyzed were appendicular lean mass (ALM) and grip strength. Heterogeneity, robustness, and consistency of results were assessed using Cochran's Q statistic, MR-Egger regression, and "leave-one-out" sensitivity analyses. RESULTS The IVM-MR analysis showed a casual association between genetically predicted circulating levels of interleukin-16 and both ALM and grip strength (ALM: OR = 0.990, 95% CI: 0.980-1.000, p = .049; grip strength: OR = 0.971, 95% CI: 0.948-0.995, p = .020). Additionally, interferon-gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were correlated with ALM and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and interleukin-5 (IL-5) with grip strength. Comparable results were confirmed via the MR-Egger, Weighted Median, Weighted Mode, and Simple Mode methods. Sensitivity analysis showed no horizontal pleiotropy to bias the causal estimates. CONCLUSION The results suggest a significant causal effect of inflammatory cytokines on sarcopenia, offering new avenues for therapeutic target development. However, the study's focus on a European ancestry cohort limits its generalizability to other populations. Future research should aim to include diverse ethnic groups to validate and broaden these findings, thereby enhancing our understanding of sarcopenia's mechanisms in a global context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Di
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Luyao
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Chengwei
- Faculty of Sports and Exercise Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anu M Valtonen
- School of Rehabilitation and Examination, Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Finland
| | - Kulmala Juha-Pekka
- Motion Analysis Laboratory, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gao Ying
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Moreira-Pais A, Vitorino R, Sousa-Mendes C, Neuparth MJ, Nuccio A, Luparello C, Attanzio A, Novák P, Loginov D, Nogueira-Ferreira R, Leite-Moreira A, Oliveira PA, Ferreira R, Duarte JA. Mitochondrial remodeling underlying age-induced skeletal muscle wasting: let's talk about sex. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 218:68-81. [PMID: 38574975 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is associated with reduced quality of life and premature mortality. The sex disparities in the processes underlying sarcopenia pathogenesis, which include mitochondrial dysfunction, are ill-understood and can be decisive for the optimization of sarcopenia-related interventions. To improve the knowledge regarding the sex differences in skeletal muscle aging, the gastrocnemius muscle of young and old female and male rats was analyzed with a focus on mitochondrial remodeling through the proteome profiling of mitochondria-enriched fractions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing sex differences in skeletal muscle mitochondrial proteome remodeling. Data demonstrated that age induced skeletal muscle atrophy and fibrosis in both sexes. In females, however, this adverse skeletal muscle remodeling was more accentuated than in males and might be attributed to an age-related reduction of 17beta-estradiol signaling through its estrogen receptor alpha located in mitochondria. The females-specific mitochondrial remodeling encompassed increased abundance of proteins involved in fatty acid oxidation, decreased abundance of the complexes subunits, and enhanced proneness to oxidative posttranslational modifications. This conceivable accretion of damaged mitochondria in old females might be ascribed to low levels of Parkin, a key mediator of mitophagy. Despite skeletal muscle atrophy and fibrosis, males maintained their testosterone levels throughout aging, as well as their androgen receptor content, and the age-induced mitochondrial remodeling was limited to increased abundance of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta and electron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta. Herein, for the first time, it was demonstrated that age affects more severely the skeletal muscle mitochondrial proteome of females, reinforcing the necessity of sex-personalized approaches towards sarcopenia management, and the inevitability of the assessment of mitochondrion-related therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Moreira-Pais
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP) and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Research and Technology of Agro Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Rui Vitorino
- iBiMED - Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Sousa-Mendes
- Cardiovascular R&D Center - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria João Neuparth
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP) and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal.
| | - Alessandro Nuccio
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Claudio Luparello
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Petr Novák
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, CZ-252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Dmitry Loginov
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, CZ-252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Rita Nogueira-Ferreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Center - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Center - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - José A Duarte
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences - CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal.
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Zhang KL, Zhou MM, Wang KH, Weng M, Zhou FX, Cui JW, Li W, Ma H, Guo ZQ, Li SY, Chen JQ, Wu XH, Zhao QC, Li JP, Xu HX, Shi HP, Song CH. Integrated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and handgrip strength better predict survival in patients with cancer cachexia. Nutrition 2024; 122:112399. [PMID: 38493542 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic inflammation and skeletal muscle strength play crucial roles in the development and progression of cancer cachexia. In this study we aimed to evaluate the combined prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and handgrip strength (HGS) for survival in patients with cancer cachexia. METHODS This multicenter cohort study involved 1826 patients with cancer cachexia. The NLR-HGS (NH) index was defined as the ratio of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to handgrip strength. Harrell's C index and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to assess the prognosis of NH. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association of NH with all-cause mortality. RESULTS Based on the optimal stratification, 380 women (NH > 0.14) and 249 men (NH > 0.19) were classified as having high NH. NH has shown greater predictive value compared to other indicators in predicting the survival of patients with cancer cachexia according to the 1-, 3-, and 5-y ROC analysis and Harrell's C index calculation. Multivariate survival analysis showed that higher NH was independently associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio = 1.654, 95% confidence interval = 1.389-1.969). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the NH index, in combination with NLR and HGS, is an effective predictor of the prognosis of patients with cancer cachexia. It can offer effective prognosis stratification and guidance for their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming-Ming Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kun-Hua Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Min Weng
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fu-Xiang Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiu-Wei Cui
- Cancer Center of the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center of the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hu Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zeng-Qing Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Su-Yi Li
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism of Oncology, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun-Qiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang-Hua Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qing-Chuan Zhao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ji-Peng Li
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Xia Xu
- Department of Nutrition, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han-Ping Shi
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Hua Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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15
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Coelho MPP, de Vries TP, Pires AM, Parreira MP, de Alvarenga ÉR, Cambraia RD, Dos Santos RR, Bezerra JMT, Colosimo EA, Rocha GA, Silva LD. Skeletal muscle mass increases after viral eradication with direct-acting antivirals in patients with chronic hepatitis C: A longitudinal study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59:1387-1401. [PMID: 38501893 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results of studies evaluating the effect of viral eradication following direct-acting antiviral (DDA) therapy on skeletal muscle mass of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) are scarce. AIM To assess the components of sarcopenia (low muscle mass, low muscle strength and low physical performance) in a cohort of CHC individuals before and after DAA therapy. METHODS We performed a longitudinal study of patients with CHC who underwent body composition assessment before (T0), and at 12 (T1) and 48 (T2) weeks after DDA therapy. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis was used to assess skeletal mass muscle (SM) and phase angle (PhA). SM index (SMI) was calculated by dividing the SM by squared height. Muscle function was evaluated by hand grip strength (HGS) and timed up-and-go (TUG) test. Mixed-effects linear regression models were fitted to SMI, HGS and physical performance and were used to test the effect of HCV eradication by DAA. RESULTS 62 outpatients (mean age, 58.6 ± 10.8 years; 58% with compensated cirrhosis) were included. Significant decreases in liver fibrosis markers and an increase of 0.20 and 0.22 kg/m2 in the SMI were observed at T1 and T2. Following DAA therapy, an increase of one unit of PhA was associated with a reduction of 0.38 min in TUG. CONCLUSION HCV eradication with DAA therapy was associated with a dynamic reduction of non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis and increased muscle mass in 62 patients with CHC who had an undetectable HCV load at 12 weeks after completion of antiviral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Paula Pereira Coelho
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis, Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thais Pontello de Vries
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis, Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline Marcos Pires
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis, Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Milena Pereira Parreira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Érika Ramos de Alvarenga
- Department of Statistics, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Dias Cambraia
- Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis, Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Maria Trindade Bezerra
- Biological Sciences Degree Course, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Lago da Pedra, Brazil
- Animal Science Post-Graduate Programme, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), São Luís, Brazil
- Parasitology Post-Graduate Programme, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Enrico Antonio Colosimo
- Department of Statistics, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gifone Aguiar Rocha
- Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciana Diniz Silva
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis, Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Dikmeer A, Unsal P, Burkuk S, Ozturk Y, Koca M, Guclu S, Balci C, Dogu BB, Cankurtaran M, Akata D, Halil M. Cutoff values for appendicular skeletal muscle mass using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in a reference group of Turkish adults. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:626-633. [PMID: 37823418 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to determine cutoff values for different appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) methods measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in a reference group of the Turkish population. METHODS Body composition analyses were performed with DXA, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was adjusted to body size as ASMI using height squared (ASM/ht2), weight (ASM/wt), and body mass index (BMI) (ASM/BMI). Sex-specific cutoff values were obtained as 1 and 2 standard deviations (SDs) below the mean values of ASM/ht2, ASM/wt, and ASM/BMI. RESULTS A total of 207 (106 women and 101 men) healthy adults were enrolled. Sex-specific cutoff values based on 1 SD below the mean values of ASM, ASM/ht2, ASM/BMI, and ASM/wt were 14.44, 5.45, 0.61, and 24.07 in women and 22.63, 7.22, 0.90, and 29.04 in men, respectively; 2 SDs below the mean values of ASM, ASM/ht2, ASM/BMI, and ASM/wt were 11.96, 4.65, 0.51, and 21.75 in women and 19.26, 6.40, 0.78, and 26.55 in men, respectively. ASM, ASM/BMI, ASM/ht2, and ASM/wt were statistically significant positively correlated with handgrip strength (r = 0.81, r = 0.78, r = 0.73, and r = 0.67, respectively; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In this study, ASM/BMI was found to be the most suitable ASM adjustment method to predict muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Dikmeer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pelin Unsal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suna Burkuk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yelda Ozturk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Koca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Simay Guclu
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cafer Balci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu B Dogu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cankurtaran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Akata
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Halil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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de Vries TP, Pires AM, Diniz KGD, Chagas ALS, Vieira DA, Kakehasi AM, Suen VMM, Bering T, Colosimo EA, Rocha GA, de Paula Farah K, Silva LD. Agreement and diagnostic differences among three definitions of sarcopenia in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:568-578. [PMID: 38445969 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is neither a gold standard definition nor a universal consensus to diagnose sarcopenia in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Thus, we aimed to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia and the agreement and discrepancies between European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP1), EWGSOP2, and Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Biomarkers Consortium Sarcopenia Project (FNIH) definitions in chronic hepatitis C. METHODS Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to assess muscle mass by quantifying appendicular lean mass (ALM) adjusted for squared height (ALM/ht2) or for body mass index (ALMBMI). Muscle function was evaluated by handgrip strength. Subjective Global Assessment was used to assess the nutrition status. RESULTS This cross-sectional study included 103 outpatients (mean age, 50.6 ± 11.3 years; 33.0% with compensated cirrhosis). Sarcopenia prevalence was 8.7%, 9.7%, and 9.7%, according to EWGSOP1, EWGSOP2, and FNIH definitions, respectively. There was neither a sex- nor a liver disease severity-specific difference in the prevalence of sarcopenia between the criteria applied. Sixteen (15.5%) patients fulfilled at least one of these criteria, and 3 out of 16 (18.8%) simultaneously had sarcopenia by consensus of the three criteria. Sarcopenic obesity was identified in 9 out of 16 (56.3%) patients, and 6 out of 9 (66.7%) of these only met FNIH consensus. CONCLUSIONS In patients without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis, and with chronic hepatitis C, the agreement between EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 classifications was substantial for sarcopenia diagnosis. Concerning EWGSOP and FNIH criteria, a fair agreement and limited overlap were found in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Pontello de Vries
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Aline Marcos Pires
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Kiara Gonçalves Dias Diniz
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Alves Vieira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Adriana Maria Kakehasi
- Locomotor System Department, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vivian Marques Miguel Suen
- Laboratório de Estudos em Nutrição, Neurociências e Metabolismo (LANNEM), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nutrology, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Bering
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Enrico Antonio Colosimo
- Department of Statistics, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gifone Aguiar Rocha
- Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Kátia de Paula Farah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana Diniz Silva
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Mascarella MA, Ferdus J, Vendra V, Sridharan S, Sultanem K, Tsien C, Shenouda G, Bouganim N, Esfahani K, Richardson K, Mlynarek A, Sadeghi N, Hier M, Kergoat MJ. Sarcopenia predicts short-term treatment-related toxicity in patients undergoing curative-intent therapy for head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Neck 2024; 46:1500-1509. [PMID: 38353170 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an increasingly recognized biomarker associated with poorer outcomes. The objective of this study was to ascertain the effect of sarcopenia on treatment tolerance and short-term toxicity in head and neck cancer (HNC). A systematic review was performed using multiple databases. An inverse-variation, random-effects model was used to perform the meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of sarcopenia on severe treatment toxicity and poor treatment tolerance. Sixteen observational studies, including 3187 patients with HNC, were analyzed. The combined odds ratio (OR) for severe treatment toxicity and tolerance was 2.22 (95%CI 1.50-3.29) and 1.40 (95%CI 0.84-2.32), respectively. The effect of sarcopenia on short-term severe treatment toxicity was similar with upfront surgery (OR 2.03, 95%CI 1.22-3.37) and definitive radiotherapy (OR 2.24, 95%CI 1.18-4.27) Patients with sarcopenia are more than twice as likely to suffer a short-term treatment-related toxicity when undergoing curative-intent HNC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Mascarella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute of the Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jannatul Ferdus
- Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Varun Vendra
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shaum Sridharan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Khalil Sultanem
- Department of Radiation Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christina Tsien
- Department of Radiation Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - George Shenouda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathaniel Bouganim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Khashayar Esfahani
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Keith Richardson
- Department of Otolaryngology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alex Mlynarek
- Department of Otolaryngology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nader Sadeghi
- Department of Otolaryngology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Hier
- Department of Otolaryngology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Jeanne Kergoat
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS Centre-sud-de-l'Ile- de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Erkan M, Ozcan SGG. Breast arterial calcification is associated with sarcopenia in peri- and post-menopausal women. Clin Imaging 2024; 110:110143. [PMID: 38696996 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2024.110143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast arterial calcification (BAC) refers to medial calcium deposition in breast arteries and is detectable via mammography. Sarcopenia, which is characterised by low skeletal muscle mass and quality, is associated with several serious clinical conditions, increased morbidity, and mortality. Both BAC and sarcopenia share common pathologic pathways, including ageing, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Therefore, this study evaluated the relationship between BAC and sarcopenia as a potential indicator of sarcopenia. METHODS This study involved women aged >40. BAC was evaluated using digital mammography and was defined as vascular calcification. Sarcopenia was assessed using abdominal computed tomography. The cross-sectional skeletal mass area was measured at the third lumbar vertebra level. The skeletal mass index was obtained by dividing the skeletal mass area by height in square meters(m2). Sarcopenia was defined as a skeletal mass index of ≤38.5 cm2/m2. A multivariable model was used to evaluate the relationship between BAC and sarcopenia. RESULTS The study involved 240 participants. Of these, 36 (15 %) were patients with BAC and 204 (85 %) were without BAC. Sarcopenia was significantly higher among the patients with BAC than in those without BAC (72.2 % vs 17.2 %, P < 0.001). The multivariable model revealed that BAC and age were independently associated with sarcopenia (odds ratio[OR]: 7.719, 95 % confidence interval[CI]: 3.201-18.614, and P < 0.001 for BAC and OR: 1.039, 95 % CI: 1.007-1.073, P = 0.01 for age). CONCLUSION BAC is independently associated with sarcopenia. BAC might be used as an indicator of sarcopenia on screening mammography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Erkan
- Department of Radiology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Mimar Sinan Mah. Polis Okulu Karsisi, Emniyet Cad, 16310 Yildirim, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Seray Gizem Gur Ozcan
- Department of Radiology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Mimar Sinan Mah. Polis Okulu Karsisi, Emniyet Cad, 16310 Yildirim, Bursa, Turkey
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Jovanovic N, Palma DA, Warner A, Mitchell S, Doyle PC, Theurer JA. Sarcopenia as a Predictor of Feeding Tube Placement in Individuals with Oropharyngeal Cancer. Adv Radiat Oncol 2024; 9:101484. [PMID: 38681896 PMCID: PMC11043844 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2024.101484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose In oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), systemic loss of skeletal muscle mass (SMM), or sarcopenia, is a strong prognostic predictor of survival outcomes. However, the relationship between sarcopenia and nutrition-related outcomes is not well understood. This investigation evaluated the prognostic significance of sarcopenia for feeding tube (FT) placement in a cohort of OPSCC patients. Methods and Materials A retrospective cohort study was conducted with data collected from 194 OPSCC patients treated with definitive radiation therapy (RT) or chemoradiation therapy (CRT). Sarcopenia was assessed from computed tomography imaging at the level of the third cervical (C3) and fourth thoracic (T4) vertebrae. The prognostic nature of pretreatment sarcopenia and its relationship with FT placement was explored using logistic regression. Results The median age of patients included was 61.0 years, and the majority were male (83%). In this patient cohort, 87.6% underwent concurrent CRT, and 30.9% received a FT over the course of treatment. Sarcopenia was identified at baseline in 72.7% of patients based on C3 SMM measurements and in 41.7% based on measures at the level of T4. Based on measures at both C3 and T4, those with sarcopenia were significantly more likely to receive a FT and had significantly worse freedom from FT placement compared with patients without sarcopenia. Sarcopenia assessed at T4 was a significant predictor of FT placement. Conclusions SMM measured at T4 may represent a novel and practical biomarker for sarcopenia detection that is associated with the need for FT placement. These findings suggest that the detection of baseline sarcopenia could guide decision-making related to the need for nutritional support in OPSCC patients undergoing RT/CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David A. Palma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, London Health Science Centre, London, Canada
| | - Andrew Warner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, London Health Science Centre, London, Canada
| | - Sylvia Mitchell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, London Health Science Centre, London, Canada
| | - Philip C. Doyle
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Laryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Julie A. Theurer
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, London Health Science Centre, London, Canada
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Elborn College, Western University, London, Canada
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21
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Ergenc I, Ismail Basa C, Uzum A, Sahin S, Kani HT, Aslan R, Tufan A, Kasımay Ö, Atuğ Ö, Alahdab YÖ. High prevalence of muscle weakness and probable sarcopenia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:557-567. [PMID: 38321633 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the prevalence of probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) diagnostic criteria. METHODS Sarcopenia was assessed by using the sequential four-step algorithm. (1) Find: Sarcopenia risk by simple clinical symptom index (strength, assistance walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls [SARC-F questionnaire]). (2) Assess: Probable sarcopenia by low muscle strength on handgrip. (3) Confirm: Confirmed sarcopenia by low appendicular skeletal muscle mass on bioimpedance analysis. (4) Severity: Severe sarcopenia by low 4-m gait speed test. RESULTS A total of 129 adult patients with IBD younger than 65 years and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy control (HC) participants were included to the study. Handgrip strength, gait speed, and SARC-F scores were significantly lower in patients with IBD than in the HCs (P = 0.032, <0.0001, and <0.0001, respectively). Based on the EWGSOP2 definition, 17.8% of patients with IBD had probable sarcopenia, and six patients had confirmed sarcopenia. According to the ethnicity-based population thresholds, 34.9% of patients with IBD had probable sarcopenia, and two patients had confirmed sarcopenia. Corticosteroid use within the past year was identified as an independent risk factor for low muscle strength (P = 0.012; odds ratio, 4.133), along with advanced age and disease activity. CONCLUSION One-third of the patients younger than 65 years with IBD had probable sarcopenia, defined as low muscle strength, whereas the incidence of confirmed sarcopenia remained relatively low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkay Ergenc
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Pendik, İstanbul, Turkey
- Department of Hepatology, King's College Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Alper Uzum
- School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevval Sahin
- School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Haluk Tarık Kani
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Pendik, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Rahmi Aslan
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Pendik, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslı Tufan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Özgür Kasımay
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlen Atuğ
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Pendik, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Özen Alahdab
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Pendik, İstanbul, Turkey
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22
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Freer CL, George ES, Tan SY, Abbott G, Scott D, Daly RM. Prevalence of Sarcopenia and Its Defining Components in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Varies According to the Method of Assessment and Adjustment: Findings from the UK Biobank. Calcif Tissue Int 2024; 114:592-602. [PMID: 38678512 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-024-01212-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia may increase non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk, but prevalence likely varies with different diagnostic criteria. This study examined the prevalence of sarcopenia and its defining components in adults with and without NAFLD and whether it varied by the method of muscle mass assessment [bioelectrical impedance (BIA) versus dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)] and adjustment (height2 versus BMI). Adults (n = 7266) in the UK Biobank study (45-79 years) with and without NAFLD diagnosed by MRI, were included. Sarcopenia was defined by the 2018 European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People definition, with low appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) assessed by BIA and DXA and adjusted for height2 or BMI. Overall, 21% of participants had NAFLD and the sex-specific prevalence of low muscle strength (3.6-7.2%) and sarcopenia (0.1-1.4%) did not differ by NAFLD status. However, NAFLD was associated with 74% (males) and 370% (females) higher prevalence of low ASM when adjusted for BMI but an 82% (males) to 89% (females) lower prevalence when adjusted for height2 (all P < 0.05). The prevalence of impaired physical function was 40% (males, P = 0.08) to 123% (females, P < 0.001) higher in NAFLD. In middle-aged and older adults, NAFLD was not associated with a higher prevalence of low muscle strength or sarcopenia but was associated with an increased risk of impaired physical function and low muscle mass when adjusted for BMI. These findings support the use of adiposity-based adjustments when assessing low muscle mass and the assessment of physical function in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine L Freer
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Elena S George
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Sze-Yen Tan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Gavin Abbott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - David Scott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Coelho MPP, de Vries TP, Pires AM, Parreira MP, de Alvarenga ÉR, Cambraia RD, Dos Santos RR, Bezerra JMT, Colosimo EA, Rocha GA, Silva LD. Editorial: Hepatitis C virus eradication improves skeletal muscle mass-Authors' reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59:1448-1450. [PMID: 38711360 DOI: 10.1111/apt.18005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Coelho et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17950 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17978
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Paula Pereira Coelho
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thais Pontello de Vries
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Aline Marcos Pires
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Milena Pereira Parreira
- Medical Undergraduate Student, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Érika Ramos de Alvarenga
- Department of Statistics, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Dias Cambraia
- Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Maria Trindade Bezerra
- Biological Sciences Degree Course, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Lago da Pedra, Brazil
- Animal Science Post-Graduate Programme, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), São Luís, Brazil
- Parasitology Post-Graduate Programme, Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Enrico Antonio Colosimo
- Department of Statistics, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gifone Aguiar Rocha
- Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana Diniz Silva
- Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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24
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Qin Y, Pillidge C, Harrison B, Adhikari B. Pathways in formulating foods for the elderly. Food Res Int 2024; 186:114324. [PMID: 38729692 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The growth of the elderly population worldwide is posing significant challenges to human society. The progressive physical and physiological changes occur with aging, including decreased appetite, incomplete digestion, and reduced absorption of nutrients. A common feature of many elderly people's diets is a deficiency in proteins (especially easily digestible ones) and micronutrients (e.g., vitamins, zinc, iron, and calcium). One of the solutions to this problem is the incorporation of these components into suitably texture-modified foods. There is a dearth of products that meet the needs of the elderly with special medical/health conditions such as dysphagia, osteoporosis, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, as well as those who are in hospital and palliative care. Future research and development of foods for the elderly must address specific dietary needs of different subgroups of elderly people with underlying health conditions. The existence of different physical and physiological stages of the elderly means that their specific dietary requirements must be considered. This review summarizes current knowledge on nutritional requirements including those with underlying health problems and outlines the research and innovation pathways for developing new foods considering nutrition, texture, flavor, and other sensory aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Qin
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | | | | | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia; The Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
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25
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Fuentes-Abolafio IJ, Ricci M, Bernal-López MR, Gómez-Huelgas R, Cuesta-Vargas AI, Pérez-Belmonte LM. Relationship between quadriceps femoris echotexture biomarkers and muscle strength and physical function in older adults with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Exp Gerontol 2024; 190:112412. [PMID: 38570057 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle wasting is pronounced in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The quadriceps femoris echotexture biomarkers assessed by ultrasound (US) have not been studied in these patients. OBJECTIVE To describe echotexture biomarkers assessed by the US and to assess their relationship with sex, age, body mass index (BMI), self-reported outcomes, muscle strength and physical function in older adults with HFpEF. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted. Patients 70 years and older with HFpEF were included. The sex, age, BMI, and self-reported outcomes were collected. The US assessed muscle and subcutaneous fat tissue contrast, correlation, energy, homogeneity, and entropy at rest and maximal voluntary isometrical contraction (MVIC). The six-minute walk test (6MWT), the short physical performance battery (SPPB), the timed up and go test (TUG), the usual pace gait speed test (UGS), and the fast pace gait speed test (FGS) were used to assess physical function. The five-repetitions sit-to-stand test (5-STS) was performed to assess muscle strength. Bivariant Pearson correlations and subsequent multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS Seventy-two older adults with HFpEF [81.06 years, 29.13 BMI, and 55.60% females] were recruited. In women, relaxed and MVIC muscle energy and entropy explained 35.40% of the TUG variance; relaxed muscle entropy and MVIC muscle energy shared 24.00% of the UGS variance; relaxed and MVIC muscle entropy, MVIC muscle contrast and MVIC muscle energy explained 32.60% of the FGS variance, adjusted all the models by age and BMI. CONCLUSIONS Echotexture biomarkers are related to women's muscle strength and physical function, especially muscle energy, contrast, and entropy. Echotexture biomarkers assessed by the US could facilitate the management of older adults with HFpEF, monitor its progression and assess the effectiveness of treatments on the musculoskeletal structure. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03909919. April 10, 2019. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván José Fuentes-Abolafio
- Grupo de Investigación Clinimetría CTS-631, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Bionand)), IBIMA Plataforma‑Bionand, Málaga, Spain
| | - Michele Ricci
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - María Rosa Bernal-López
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Bionand)), IBIMA Plataforma‑Bionand, Málaga, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; CIBER Fisio-patología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Gómez-Huelgas
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Bionand)), IBIMA Plataforma‑Bionand, Málaga, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; CIBER Fisio-patología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Ignacio Cuesta-Vargas
- Grupo de Investigación Clinimetría CTS-631, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Bionand)), IBIMA Plataforma‑Bionand, Málaga, Spain; School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health at the Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Luis Miguel Pérez-Belmonte
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Bionand)), IBIMA Plataforma‑Bionand, Málaga, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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26
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de Jong JCBC, Caspers MPM, Worms N, Keijzer N, Kleemann R, Menke AL, Nieuwenhuizen AG, Keijer J, Verschuren L, van den Hoek AM. Translatability of mouse muscle-aging for humans: the role of sex. GeroScience 2024; 46:3341-3360. [PMID: 38265577 PMCID: PMC11009184 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01082-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Muscle-aging drives sarcopenia and is a major public health issue. Mice are frequently used as a model for human muscle-aging, however, research investigating their translational value is limited. In addition, mechanisms underlying muscle-aging may have sex-specific features in humans, but it is not yet assessed whether these are recapitulated in mice. Here, we studied the effects of aging on a functional, histological and transcriptional level at multiple timepoints in male and female mice (4, 17, 21 and 25 months), with particular emphasis on sex-differences. The effects of natural aging on the transcriptome of quadriceps muscle were compared to humans on pathway level. Significant loss of muscle mass occurred late, at 25 months, in both male (-17%, quadriceps) and female mice (-10%, quadriceps) compared to young control mice. Concomitantly, we found in female, but not male mice, a slower movement speed in the aged groups compared to the young mice (P < 0.001). Consistently, weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed a stronger association between the aging-related reduction of movement and aging-related changes in muscle transcriptome of female compared to male mice (P < 0.001). In male, but not female mice, major distinctive aging-related changes occurred in the last age group (25 months), which highlights the necessity for careful selection of age using mice as a muscle-aging model. Furthermore, contrasting to humans, more aging-related changes were found in the muscle transcriptome of male mice compared to female mice (4090 vs. 2285 differentially expressed genes at 25 months, respectively). Subsequently, male mice recapitulated more muscle-aging related pathways characteristic for both male and female humans. In conclusion, our data show that sex has a critical effect on the mouse muscle-aging trajectory, although these do not necessarily reflect sex differences observed in the human muscle-aging trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle C B C de Jong
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Martien P M Caspers
- Department of Microbiology and Systems Biology, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Worms
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda Keijzer
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Kleemann
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aswin L Menke
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Verschuren
- Department of Microbiology and Systems Biology, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anita M van den Hoek
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, The Netherlands
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27
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Starkoff BE, Nickerson BS. Emergence of imaging technology beyond the clinical setting: Utilization of mobile health tools for at-home testing. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:518-529. [PMID: 38591753 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Body composition assessment plays a pivotal role in understanding health, disease risk, and treatment efficacy. This narrative review explores two primary aspects: imaging techniques, namely ultrasound (US) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and mobile health apps in telehealth for body composition. Although US is valuable for assessing subcutaneous fat and muscle thickness, DXA accurately quantifies bone mineral content, fat mass, and lean mass. Despite their effectiveness, accessibility and cost remain barriers to widespread adoption. The integration of AI-powered image analysis may help explain tissue differentiation, whereas mobile health apps offer real-time metabolic monitoring and personalized feedback. New apps such as MeThreeSixty and Made Health and Fitness offer the advantages of clinic-based imaging techniques from the comfort of home. These innovations hold the potential for individualizing strategies and interventions, optimizing clinical outcomes, and empowering informed decision-making for both healthcare professionals and patients/clients. Navigating the intricacies of these emerging tools, critically assessing their validity and reliability, and ensuring inclusivity across diverse populations and conditions will be crucial in harnessing their full potential. By integrating advancements in body composition assessment, healthcare can move beyond the limitations of traditional methods and deliver truly personalized, data-driven care to optimize well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke E Starkoff
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brett S Nickerson
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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28
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Yuyen T, Muangpaisan W, Pramyothin P, Thanakiattiwibun C, Chaiwat O. The association between sarcopenia, defined by a simplified screening tool, and long-term outcomes. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:599-610. [PMID: 38146781 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia and frailty are frequently observed in older adult patients and linked to unfavorable postoperative outcomes. Identifying low muscle mass and function is primary for diagnosing sarcopenia. The simpler screening, which excludes muscle mass measurement, exhibited strong predictive capabilities in identifying sarcopenia. This research explored the association between sarcopenia, as defined by the C3 formula, and long-term outcomes in older adult cancer patients who underwent surgery. METHODS Surgical cancer patients aged 60 and older were enrolled. Sarcopenia was identified using the C3 formula, assessing muscle strength through handgrip strength, physical performance via a 6-m walk test, and nutrition status via the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form. Long-term outcomes were evaluated with the Barthel Index for activities of daily living (B-ADL) at 3 months, as well as 1-year mortality rates. RESULTS The study enrolled 251 patients, with 130 classified as sarcopenic according to the C3 formula. Compared with nonsarcopenic patients, patients with sarcopenia exhibited a higher frequency of moderate to severe disability (B-ADL ≤70) 3 months postdischarge (19.5% vs 5.2%; P = 0.001) and elevated 1-year mortality rates (29.5% vs 14.9%; P = 0.006). No significant differences were observed in infection rates, hospital stay duration, or in-hospital mortality. Distant organ metastasis (HR = 3.99; 95% CI = 2.25-7.07) and sarcopenia defined by the C3 formula (HR = 1.78; 95% CI = 1.01-3.15) were identified as independent risk factors for 1-year mortality. CONCLUSION The simplified sarcopenia screening tool was associated with increased rates of moderate to severe disability 3 months postdischarge and higher 1-year mortality rates compared with nonsarcopenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thassayu Yuyen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerasak Muangpaisan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornpoj Pramyothin
- Division of Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chayanan Thanakiattiwibun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onuma Chaiwat
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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29
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Rostamzadeh S, Abouhossein A, Alam K, Vosoughi S, Sattari SS. Exploratory analysis using machine learning algorithms to predict pinch strength by anthropometric and socio-demographic features. Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2024; 30:518-531. [PMID: 38553890 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2024.2322888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Objectives. This study examines the role of different machine learning (ML) algorithms to determine which socio-demographic factors and hand-forearm anthropometric dimensions can be used to accurately predict hand function. Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted with 7119 healthy Iranian participants (3525 males and 3594 females) aged 10-89 years. Seventeen hand-forearm anthropometric dimensions were measured by JEGS digital caliper and a measuring tape. Tip-to-tip, key and three-jaw chuck pinches were measured using a calibrated pinch gauge. Subsequently, 21 features pertinent to socio-demographic factors and hand-forearm anthropometric dimensions were used for classification. Furthermore, 12 well-known classifiers were implemented and evaluated to predict pinches. Results. Among the 21 features considered in this study, hand length, stature, age, thumb length and index finger length were found to be the most relevant and effective components for each of the three pinch predictions. The k-nearest neighbor, adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) and random forest classifiers achieved the highest classification accuracy of 96.75, 86.49 and 84.66% to predict three pinches, respectively. Conclusions. Predicting pinch strength and determining the predictive hand-forearm anthropometric and socio-demographic characteristics using ML may pave the way to designing an enhanced tool handle and reduce common musculoskeletal disorders of the hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Rostamzadeh
- Department of Ergonomics, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Abouhossein
- Department of Ergonomics, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khurshid Alam
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Shahram Vosoughi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Wakabayashi H, Kakehi S, Mizuno S, Kinoshita T, Toga S, Ohtsu M, Nishioka S, Momosaki R. Prevalence and prognosis of cachexia according to the Asian Working Group for Cachexia criteria in sarcopenic dysphagia: A retrospective cohort study. Nutrition 2024; 122:112385. [PMID: 38428221 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim to examine the prevalence and prognosis of cachexia according to the Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC) criteria in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 271 patients diagnosed with sarcopenic dysphagia out of 467 patients enrolled in the Japanese sarcopenic dysphagia database. Cachexia was diagnosed by the AWGC criteria. The AWGC criteria includes chronic diseases, either or both weight loss (2% or more over 3-6 mo) or low BMI (<21 kg/m2), and at least one of the following: anorexia, decreased grip strength (<28 kg in men and <18 kg in women), or elevated C-reactive protein levels (>0.5 mg/dL). Outcomes were death, swallowing function as assessed by the Food Intake LEVEL Scale (FILS), and activities of daily living as assessed by the Barthel Index (BI) at follow-up. RESULTS The mean age was 84 (±8) y; 152 (56%) were female, and 97 (36%) had cachexia. In univariate analysis, death was significantly more common in the cachexia group (15% versus 2%, P ≤ 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that cachexia was independently associated with death (odds ratio: 3.557, 95% confidence interval: 1.010, 12.529). No significant differences were found in the presence or absence of cachexia in the FILS (7 versus 8, P = 0.849) and BI (55 versus 52.5, P = 0.892). CONCLUSIONS Cachexia was found in 36% of patients with sarcopenic dysphagia, and death was significantly higher in cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Wakabayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shingo Kakehi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Mizuno
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kinoshita
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Toga
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Makita Rehabilitation Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ohtsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinta Nishioka
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Service, Nagasaki Rehabilitation Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Momosaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
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31
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Zhuang CL, Wu HF, Jiang HJ, Zhang FM, Shi HP, Yu Z, Shen X, Chen XL, Wang SL. Muscle attenuation, not skeletal muscle index, is an independent prognostic factor for survival in gastric cancer patients with overweight and obesity. Nutrition 2024; 122:112391. [PMID: 38460446 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Skeletal muscle index (SMI) is insufficient for evaluating muscle in obesity, and muscle attenuation (MA) may be a preferred indicator. This study aimed to investigate whether MA has greater prognostic value than SMI in gastric cancer patients with overweight and obesity. METHODS Clinical parameters of 1312 patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy were prospectively collected between 2013 and 2019. MA and SMI were analyzed by computed tomography scan. Overweight/obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m2. The hazard ratio (HR) for death was calculated using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Among all patients, 405 were identified as overweight and obese, and 907 were identified as normal and underweight. MA was inversely associated with BMI and visceral fat area. Among the 405 patients with overweight and obesity, 212 patients (52%) were diagnosed with low MA. In the overweight/obese group, MA was an independent predictor for overall survival (HR, 1.610; P = 0.021) in multivariate Cox regression analyses, whereas SMI did not remain in the model. In the normal/underweight group, both low MA (HR, 1.283; P = 0.039) and low SMI (HR, 1.369; P = 0.008) were independent factors of overall survival. Additionally, 318 patients were identified as having visceral obesity in the overweight/obese group, and low MA was also an independent prognostic factor for survival in these patients (HR, 1.765; P = 0.013). CONCLUSION MA had a higher prognostic value than SMI in overweight and obese patients with gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Le Zhuang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Fan Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Jie Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feng-Min Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Han-Ping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Su-Lin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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32
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de Sousa IM, Fayh APT, Gonzalez MC, Silva FM. Prevalence of low calf circumference in hospitalized patients classified by raw or body mass index-adjusted values. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:611-618. [PMID: 38443160 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiposity can influence the estimation of muscle mass using calf circumference (CC) and underestimate the frequency of low CC. An adjustment for CC using body mass index (BMI) was proposed to reduce this effect. We aimed to compare the low CC frequency in hospitalized patients when considering raw and BMI-adjusted values and explore data by sex, age, and race (white and non-white). METHODS Secondary analysis from two cohort studies conducted with adult hospitalized patients using BMI and CC data collected in the first 72 h after hospital admission. We classified low CC by two approaches: (1) raw CC; (2) BMI-adjusted CC for patients with BMI ≥ 25. Cutoff values for low CC were ≤34 cm (men) and ≤33 cm (women). RESULTS Among 1272 patients (54.1 ± 15.3 years old; 51.7% women; 82.1% White race), low CC frequency was 30.6% and low BMI-adjusted CC was 68.9%. For all elevated BMI categories, the low CC frequency was higher when considering BMI-adjusted values (P < 0.001). Low CC was more frequent (P < 0.001) in older adults (38.7% by raw; 79.1% by BMI-adjusted value) than in younger adults (27.6% by raw; 65.2% by BMI-adjusted value) and it was not associated with race. Low CC by raw values was more frequent in men than in women (35.0% versus 26.4%; P = 0.001), but did not differ between sexes when classified by BMI-adjusted values (70.7% versus 67.1%; P = 0.184). CONCLUSION Low CC BMI adjusted was 2.2 times more frequent in comparison with raw CC values, and it was identified in >60% of patients with BMI ≥ 25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iasmin M de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Gonzalez
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Food, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flávia M Silva
- Nutrition Science Postgraduation Program of Federal University of Health Science of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Freer CL, George ES, Tan SY, Abbott G, Daly RM. Delivery of a telehealth supported home exercise program with dietary advice to increase plant-based protein intake in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a 12-week randomised controlled feasibility trial. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1709-1719. [PMID: 38268105 PMCID: PMC11063658 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of a telehealth delivered exercise plus plant-based protein diet in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This was a 12-week, randomised controlled feasibility trial including twenty-eight adults aged > 45 years with NAFLD randomised to a home muscle strengthening program (3 d/week) with increased protein intake (target ∼1·2-1·5 g/kg/d) from predominately plant-based sources and behavioural change support (3-4 text messages/week) (Pro-Ex n 14) or usual care (UC, n 14). Feasibility was assessed via retention (≤ 10 % attrition), adherence (exercise ≥ 66 %; recommended daily protein serves ≥ 80 %) and safety (adverse events). Secondary outcomes included macronutrient intake (3 × 24-h records), weight, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and 30 s sit-to-stand (STS) performance. Study retention was 89 %. Mean exercise adherence (Pro-Ex) was 52 % with one adverse event from 241 sessions. In Pro-Ex, mean daily plant protein serves increased (0·9 to 1·4/d) and animal protein decreased (1·5 to 1·2/d) after 12-weeks, but overall adherence (serves/day) was 32[RD1] % (plant) and 42 % (animal). Relative to UC, Pro-Ex experienced a mean 2·7 (95 % CI: 0·9, 4·4) increase in 30 s STS number, 46-minute (95 % CI: -153, 245) increase in MVPA, 1·7 kg (95 % CI: -3·5, 0·2) decrease in weight, 35·2 g (95 % CI: 11·0, 59·3) increase in protein. In adults with NAFLD a telehealth home exercise and dietary intervention was safe and improved habitual plant and animal protein intake, but overall adherence was modest suggesting more intensive healthcare support may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine L. Freer
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Elena S. George
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sze-Yen Tan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Gavin Abbott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Robin M. Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Zhu Y, Zhu F, Guo X, Huang S, Yang Y, Zhang Q. Appendicular lean mass and the risk of stroke and Alzheimer's disease: a mendelian randomization study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:438. [PMID: 38762444 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appendicular lean mass (ALM) is a good predictive biomarker for sarcopenia. And previous studies have reported the association between ALM and stroke or Alzheimer's disease (AD), however, the causal relationship is still unclear, The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether genetically predicted ALM is causally associated with the risk of stroke and AD by performing Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. METHODS A two-sample MR study was designed. Genetic variants associated with the ALM were obtained from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) and utilized as instrumental variables (IVs). Summary-level data for stroke and AD were generated from the corresponding GWASs. We used random-effect inverse-variance weighted (IVW) as the main method for estimating causal effects, complemented by several sensitivity analyses, including the weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods. Multivariable analysis was further conducted to adjust for confounding factors, including body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), low density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C), and atrial fibrillation (AF). RESULTS The present MR study indicated significant inverse associations of genetically predicted ALM with any ischemic stroke ([AIS], odds ratio [OR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89-0.97; P = 0.002) and AD (OR, 090; 95% CI 0.85-0.96; P = 0.001). Regarding the subtypes of AIS, genetically predicted ALM was related to the risk of large artery stroke ([LAS], OR, 0.86; 95% CI 0.77-0.95; P = 0.005) and small vessel stroke ([SVS], OR, 0.80; 95% CI 0.73-0.89; P < 0.001). Regarding multivariable MR analysis, ALM retained the stable effect on AIS when adjusting for BMI, LDL-C, and AF, while a suggestive association was observed after adjusting for T2DM. And the estimated effect of ALM on LAS was significant after adjustment for BMI and AF, while a suggestive association was found after adjusting for T2DM and LDL-C. Besides, the estimated effects of ALM were still significant on SVS and AD after adjustment for BMI, T2DM, LDL-C, and AF. CONCLUSIONS The two-sample MR analysis indicated that genetically predicted ALM was negatively related to AIS and AD. And the subgroup analysis of AIS revealed a negative causal effect of genetically predicted ALM on LAS or SVS. Future studies are required to further investigate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueli Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoming Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shunmei Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunmei Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Aydin AE, Dost FS, Kaya D, Ates Bulut E, Mutlay F, Isik AT. Sarcopenia in older patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: an observational study from a single geriatric clinic in Turkey. Acta Neurol Belg 2024:10.1007/s13760-024-02583-0. [PMID: 38761330 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-024-02583-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), a classical triad of gait abnormality, cognitive disturbance, and urinary incontinence, increases in prevalence with aging. Sarcopenia is also characterized by low muscle strength and mass, contributing to gait difficulty. Gait abnormality and lower physical activity also lead to the development of sarcopenia. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and iNPH. METHODS A total of 327 participants were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Demographic and clinical characteristics, including age, sex, comorbidity index, number of medications, recurrent falls in the last year, laboratory findings and comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) parameters were recorded. Sarcopenia was defined according to the EGWSOP2 criteria. The relationship between sarcopenia and iNPH was assessed with regression analysis. RESULTS There were 51 participants with iNPH, 49% female, mean age 78 years (SD 5.7) and 276 control participants, 74% female, mean age 72 years (SD 6.1). The sarcopenia rates in patients with iNPH and controls were 19.6% and 2.5%, respectively (p < 0.01). The odds of probable sarcopenia were 3.89 times, and the slow gait speed was 8.47 times higher in iNPH patients than in controls after adjusting for age, sex, and the other confounders. The Mini-Mental State Examination score (p = 0.042, OR = 0.869 with 95% CI:0.759-0.995) was associated with probable sarcopenia among patients with iNPH. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that sarcopenia was common in older patients with iNPH, which seems to be closely associated with decreased muscle strength and slowed gait speed. Thus, considering the potential untoward effects of both diseases, it is important for physicians to evaluate sarcopenia routinely in the follow-up and treatment of older patients with iNPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ekrem Aydin
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Fatma Sena Dost
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Darica Farabi Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Derya Kaya
- Unit for Brain Aging and Dementia, Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Esra Ates Bulut
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Adana, Turkey
| | - Feyza Mutlay
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Turan Isik
- Unit for Brain Aging and Dementia, Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
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Hu Z, Tang L, Zhan Y. Cognition as mediator of pulmonary function and risk of sarcopenia among older adults. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1347. [PMID: 38762539 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18848-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between lung function and sarcopenia remains ambiguous. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between lung function and sarcopenia in the older adults, as well as to examine the mediating role of cognitive function in this relationship. METHODS The participants were selected from a nationally representative population-based cohort in China. The peak expiratory flow (PEF) measurement was used to evaluate the lung function in older persons. The sarcopenia was diagnosed using the guidelines of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019. The Cox proportional hazard model was utilized to perform primary analyses of the relationship between PEF and sarcopenia. The mediating effect of cognitive function was evaluated using the counterfactual mediation method. RESULTS This cohort study included 4,011 older adults (average age, 66.6 years; 53.3% males). During a follow-up period of 3.86 years, 349 individuals were diagnosed with sarcopenia. After adjusting for potential confounders, each one-standard-deviation increase in PEF was associated with a 28% reduction in the risk of sarcopenia (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63, 0.80). There was a significant mediation of cognition for the association between PEF and incident sarcopenia, and the proportion mediated was 12.2% (95% CI: 4.5%, 23.1%). CONCLUSIONS Older adults with impaired lung function are more likely to develop sarcopenia. Nevertheless, cognition can explain only a small portion of this association. Thus, other potential pathways between lung function and sarcopenia must be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Lu Tang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Iwata S, Ashida K, Demiya M, Nagayama A, Hasuzawa N, Yoshinobu S, Sonezaki A, Yasuda J, Motomura S, Katsuki Y, Sugi K, Nomura M. Preserved seasonal variation in glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus during COVID-19: a 3-year-long retrospective cohort study in older adults in Japan. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:70. [PMID: 38755559 PMCID: PMC11100128 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01602-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed our lifestyle by imposing restrictions, such as physical distancing. The effect of COVID-19 prevalence on seasonal variations in glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unknown. METHODS This single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated glycemic control in patients with type 2 DM who visited Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital in December 2021. We evaluated the clinical findings of all patients treated regularly between March 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021, including the periods both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. All the standard treatments were approved. Furthermore, seasonal changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were evaluated using stratified analyses based on age. RESULTS This study analyzed 86 patients (mean age, 69.6 ± 9.2 years; men, 57). Median HbA1c (National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program [Union of Clinical Chemistry]) levels in spring (March) were 7.70% (interquartile range (IQR):7.23%-8.30%) [60.6 mmol/mol (IQR:55.4-67.2 mmol/mol)], 7.35% (IQR:6.90%-7.90%) [56.8 mmol/mol (IQR:51.9-62.8 mmol/mol)], and 7.50% (IQR:7.10%-8.00%) [58.5 mmol/mol (IQR:54.1-63.9 mmol/mol)] in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. During these periods, HbA1c levels and body mass index (BMI) revealed significant seasonal variations "high in spring" and "low in autumn." Median HbA1c levels in spring (March) and autumn (September) were 7.86% [61.2 mmol/mol] and 7.48% [57.4 mmol/mol] in 2019 (P < 0.001), 7.50% [57.7 mmol/mol] and 7.17% [54.2 mmol/mol] in 2020 (P < 0.001), and 7.61% [58.3 mmol/mol] and 7.19% [53.8 mmol/mol] in 2021 (P < 0.001). Seasonal variations in HbA1c levels and BMI were maintained over the past 3 years, including the pandemic period. None of the patients in this study developed COVID-19 during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Seasonal variations in glycemic control in patients with DM were not influenced by lifestyle modifications associated with COVID-19. Maintenance of physical activity is necessary to prevent the development of sarcopenia. Moreover, seasonal variations in glycemic metabolism should be considered an independent factor for DM management. Additional extensive multifacility investigations are necessary to corroborate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Iwata
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
- Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital, 950-1 Taguma, Ohmuta, Fukuoka, 837-0916, Japan
| | - Kenji Ashida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Mutsuyuki Demiya
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Ayako Nagayama
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Nao Hasuzawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Satoko Yoshinobu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Aya Sonezaki
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Junichi Yasuda
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Seiichi Motomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshio Katsuki
- Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital, 950-1 Taguma, Ohmuta, Fukuoka, 837-0916, Japan
| | - Kenzo Sugi
- Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital, 950-1 Taguma, Ohmuta, Fukuoka, 837-0916, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
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Wu YY, Gao YY, Wang JQ, Zhang C, Xu PJ, Liu J, Yu RZ, Zhang HJ. The influence of mindfulness meditation combined with progressive muscle relaxation training on the clinical efficacy and quality of life of patients with sarcopenia receiving haemodialysis: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:194. [PMID: 38760722 PMCID: PMC11100145 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of mindfulness meditation combined with progressive muscle relaxation training on the clinical efficacy and quality of life in patients with sarcopenia receiving maintenance haemodialysis (MHD). METHODS Eligible patients with sarcopenia in our hospital were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 24) and an intervention group (n = 25). The control group received conventional dialysis treatment, while the intervention group underwent mindfulness meditation combined with progressive muscle relaxation training during the interdialysis period in addition to conventional dialysis treatment. The effect of the intervention was evaluated after 12 weeks. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the baseline values of various parameters between the two groups. Exercise capacity (sit-to-stand test,handgrip,time to 10 sit-ups) significantly improved in the intervention group after 12 weeks (32.68 ± 8.32 vs 26.50 ± 6.83; 37.42 ± 10.12 vs 28.12 ± 8.51; 19.8 ± 5.40 vs 25.29 ± 7.18) (p < 0.05). In terms of the kidney disease quality of life (KDQOLTM) score, all other dimensions except sexual function, social functioning, burden of kidney disease and work status dimensions showed significant improvement compared to the baseline (p < 0.05). In the control group, only the dialysis staff encouragement (DSE) and patient satisfaction (PS) dimensions showed slight improvements compared to the baseline (p > 0.05). When compared with the control group, the intervention group showed significant improvements in 10 dimensions of exercise capacity and KDQOLTM scores for physical function, role-physical, general health, energy, symptom/problem list, sleep, DSE, pain, cognitive function, emotional well-being and patient PS after 12 weeks (61.30 ± 5.38 vs 42.98 ± 5.73; 57.50 ± 3.55 vs 50.70 ± 3.62) (p < 0.05). Some inflammatory markers, such as the levels of interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (30.29 ± 2.96 vs 17.65 ± 3.22; 8.93 ± 0.99 vs 3.02 ± 0.34), showed a decrease during the intervention, while albumin and prealbumin levels were significantly increased compared with the baseline (30.62 ± 1.65 vs 35.60 ± 1.68; 0.32 ± 0.05 vs 0.44 ± 0.07) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Combined intervention training can improve the motor ability and quality of life of patients with sarcopenia within a short period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yao Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Yi Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing-Qiao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng-Jie Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ri-Zhen Yu
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China.
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Murakami T, Kobayashi T, Ono H, Shibuma H, Tsuji K, Nikkuni E, Mori N, Ohkouchi S, Tabata M, Irokawa T, Ogawa H, Takahashi T, Kurosawa H. Phase angle as an indicator of sarcopenia and malnutrition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Investig 2024; 62:651-656. [PMID: 38761479 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phase angle (PhA), which is measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis, is an indicator of muscle quality and malnutrition. PhA has been shown to be correlated with sarcopenia and malnutrition; however, studies on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are limited. In this study, we investigated the correlation between PhA and sarcopenia and malnutrition and determined the cutoff values of PhA for those in patients with COPD. METHODS This study included 105 male patients with COPD (mean age 75.7 ± 7.7 years, mean forced expiratory volume in 1s % predicted [%FEV1] 57.0 ± 20.1%) and 12 male controls (mean age 74.1 ± 3.8 years) who were outpatients between December 2019 and March 2024. PhA was measured using the InBody S10, and its correlation with sarcopenia and malnutrition was assessed. The cutoff PhA values for sarcopenia and malnutrition were determined using receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS The prevalence rates of sarcopenia and malnutrition were 31% and 22%, respectively, in patients with COPD. PhA significantly correlated with sarcopenia- and malnutrition-related indicators. Multivariate logistic regression analysis independently correlated PhA with sarcopenia and malnutrition. The cutoff values of the PhA for sarcopenia and malnutrition were 4.75° (AUC = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.68-0.88) and 4.25° (AUC = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.63-0.86), respectively. CONCLUSIONS PhA was significantly correlated with sarcopenia and malnutrition in Japanese patients with COPD and may be a useful diagnostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Murakami
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Wakabayashi Hospital, 2-29-1, Yamatomachi, Wakabayashi-ku, Sendai 984-8560, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Wakabayashi Hospital, 2-29-1, Yamatomachi, Wakabayashi-ku, Sendai 984-8560, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroto Ono
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Wakabayashi Hospital, 2-29-1, Yamatomachi, Wakabayashi-ku, Sendai 984-8560, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hayato Shibuma
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tsuji
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Etsuhiro Nikkuni
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Naoki Mori
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 260, Kamiyanagi, Yamagata, Yamagata 990-2212, Japan
| | - Shinya Ohkouchi
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masao Tabata
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Toshiya Irokawa
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Ogawa
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Wakabayashi Hospital, 2-29-1, Yamatomachi, Wakabayashi-ku, Sendai 984-8560, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hajime Kurosawa
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
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Sidhu SS, Saggar K, Goyal O, Kishore H, Sidhu SS. Normative values of skeletal muscle mass, strength and performance in the Indian population. Indian J Gastroenterol 2024:10.1007/s12664-024-01565-7. [PMID: 38758434 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-024-01565-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Skeletal muscle is characterized by its mass, strength and performance. These normative values are pivotal in defining sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is associated with poor outcome of numerous medical and surgical conditions. This study aimed to establish normative benchmarks for skeletal muscle mass, strength and performance within the context of the Asian (Indian) population. METHODS Our investigation utilized the computed tomography (CT) skeletal muscle index (SMI), handgrip strength (HGS), gait velocity and chair-stand test to construct reference values for muscle characteristics in the Indian population. RESULTS The SMI analysis incorporated 1485 cases of acute abdomen (54.7%) males). The calculated SMI (kg/m2) was 38.50 (35.05-42.30) in males and 36.30 (32.20-41.20) in females (p = 0.510). The study also involved 3083 healthy individuals (67.6% males) evaluated for muscle strength and performance between August 2017 and August 2018. Notably, HGS (kg force) was recorded at 34.95 (26.50-43.30) in males and 25.50 (18.60-31.20) in females (p < 0.001). Gait velocity (metres/second) exhibited values of 1.25 (1.04-1.56) in males and 1.24 (1.03-1.56) in females (p = 0.851). Additionally, chair-stand test (seconds) results were 10.00 (9.00-13.00) in males and 12.00 (10.00-14.00) in females (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The investigation determined that males had greater muscle strength and performance than females. But gender wise, there was no significant difference in muscle mass. Interestingly, our population's muscle parameters were consistently lower compared to western literature benchmarks. These normative values will help to define sarcopenia parameters in our population, which have prognostic value in multiple ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Singh Sidhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, 141 001, India.
| | - Kavita Saggar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, 141 001, India
| | - Omesh Goyal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, 141 001, India
| | - Harsh Kishore
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, 141 001, India
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Javier TMF. Letter to the editor about the article "how to detect non-institutionalized older patients at risk of malnutrition during their hospitalization? Comparison of 8 screening tools for malnutrition or nutritional risk". Rev Clin Esp 2024:S2254-8874(24)00068-7. [PMID: 38762119 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
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McKendry J, Lowisz CV, Nanthakumar A, MacDonald M, Lim C, Currier BS, Phillips SM. The effects of whey, pea, and collagen protein supplementation beyond the recommended dietary allowance on integrated myofibrillar protein synthetic rates in older males: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2024:S0002-9165(24)00472-6. [PMID: 38762187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle mass is determined predominantly by feeding- and activity-induced fluctuations in muscle protein synthesis (MPS). Older individuals display a diminished MPS response to protein ingestion, referred to as age-related anabolic resistance, that contributes to the progression of age-related muscle loss - sarcopenia. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the impact of consuming higher- versus lower-quality protein supplements above the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) on integrated MPS rates. We hypothesized that increasing total protein intake above the RDA, regardless of the source, would support higher integrated rates of myofibrillar protein synthesis. METHODS Thirty-one healthy older males (72 ± 4 y) underwent a controlled diet with protein intake set at the RDA - control phase (CON; days 1-7). In a double-blind, randomized controlled fashion, participants were assigned to consume an additional 50g (2x25g) of Whey (WHEY, n=10), Pea (PEA, n=11), or collagen (COLL, n=10) protein each day (25 g at breakfast and lunch) during the supplemental phase (SUPP; days 8-15). Deuterated water ingestion and muscle biopsies assessed integrated MPS and acute anabolic signaling. Postprandial blood samples were collected to determine feeding-induced aminoacidemia. RESULTS Integrated-MPS was increased during SUPP with WHEY (1.59 ± 0.11 %/d, p<0.001) and PEA (1.59 ± 0.14 %/d, p<0.001) when compared with RDA (1.46 ± 0.09 %/d WHEY; 1.46 ± 0.10 %/d PEA); however, it remained unchanged with COLL. Supplemental protein was sufficient to overcome anabolic signaling deficits (mTORC1 and rpS6), corroborating the greater postprandial aminoacidemia. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that supplemental protein provided at breakfast and lunch over the current RDA enhanced anabolic signaling and integrated MPS in older males; however, the source of additional protein may be an important consideration in overcoming age-related anabolic resistance. Clinical Trial Registry number and website where it was obtained This trial (NCT04026607) was registered clinicaltrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- James McKendry
- Department of Kinesiology, Exercise Metabolism Research Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caroline V Lowisz
- Department of Kinesiology, Exercise Metabolism Research Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arraksana Nanthakumar
- Department of Kinesiology, Exercise Metabolism Research Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meaghan MacDonald
- Department of Kinesiology, Exercise Metabolism Research Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Changhyun Lim
- Department of Kinesiology, Exercise Metabolism Research Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brad S Currier
- Department of Kinesiology, Exercise Metabolism Research Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stuart M Phillips
- Department of Kinesiology, Exercise Metabolism Research Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Han E, Lee YH, Ahn SH, Cha BS, Kim SU, Lee BW. Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass to Visceral Fat Area Ratio Predicts Hepatic Morbidities. Gut Liver 2024; 18:509-519. [PMID: 38013477 PMCID: PMC11096915 DOI: 10.5009/gnl230238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims : Reports on the association between sarcopenic visceral obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-associated morbidities remain scarce. We investigated the association between sarcopenia and visceral obesity, and the influence of this association on hepatic and coronary comorbidities. Methods : The appendicular skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio (SV ratio) was evaluated using bioelectric impedance analysis. NAFLD and significant liver fibrosis were assessed using transient elastography, and high atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk was defined as a 10-year ASCVD risk score >10%. Sarcopenia was defined as appendicular skeletal muscle mass adjusted by body mass index (<0.789 for men and <0.512 for women). Results : In total, 82.0% (n=1,205) of the entire study population had NAFLD, and 14.6% of these individuals (n=176) exhibited significant liver fibrosis. Individuals with the lowest SV ratio had a significantly increased risk of NAFLD, significant liver fibrosis, and high ASCVD risk (all p<0.05). Individuals with both the lowest SV ratio and sarcopenia had the highest risk of developing NAFLD (odds ratio [OR]=3.11), significant liver fibrosis (OR=2.03), and high ASCVD risk (OR=4.15), compared with those with a higher SV ratio and without sarcopenia (all p<0.05). Conclusions : Low SV ratio combined with sarcopenia was significantly associated with an increased risk of NAFLD, significant liver fibrosis, and high ASCVD risk among individuals with a high risk of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yong-ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong-Soo Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Up Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Wan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Solla-Suarez P, Arif SG, Ahmad F, Rastogi N, Meng A, Cohen JM, Rodighiero J, Piazza N, Martucci G, Lauck S, Webb JG, Kim DH, Kovacina B, Afilalo J. Osteosarcopenia and Mortality in Older Adults Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. JAMA Cardiol 2024:2818813. [PMID: 38748410 PMCID: PMC11097099 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2024.0911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Importance Osteosarcopenia is an emerging geriatric syndrome characterized by age-related deterioration in muscle and bone. Despite the established relevance of frailty and sarcopenia among older adults undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), osteosarcopenia has yet to be investigated in this setting. Objective To determine the association between osteosarcopenia and adverse outcomes following TAVR. Design, Setting, and Participants This is a post hoc analysis of the Frailty in Aortic Valve Replacement (FRAILTY-AVR) prospective multicenter cohort study and McGill extension that enrolled patients aged 70 years or older undergoing TAVR from 2012 through 2022. FRAILTY-AVR was conducted at 14 centers in Canada, the United States, and France between 2012 and 2016, and patients at the McGill University-affiliated center in Montreal, Québec, Canada, were enrolled on an ongoing basis up to 2022. Exposure Osteosarcopenia as measured on computed tomography (CT) scans prior to TAVR. Main Outcomes and Measures Clinically indicated CT scans acquired prior to TAVR were analyzed to quantify psoas muscle area (PMA) and vertebral bone density (VBD). Osteosarcopenia was defined as a combination of low PMA and low VBD according to published cutoffs. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality, hospital length of stay, disposition, and worsening disability. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. Results Of the 605 patients (271 [45%] female) in this study, 437 (72%) were octogenarian; the mean (SD) age was 82.6 (6.2) years. Mean (SD) PMA was 22.1 (4.5) cm2 in men and 15.4 (3.5) cm2 in women. Mean (SD) VBD was 104.8 (35.5) Hounsfield units (HU) in men and 98.8 (34.1) HU in women. Ninety-one patients (15%) met the criteria for osteosarcopenia and had higher rates of frailty, fractures, and malnutrition at baseline. One-year mortality was highest in patients with osteosarcopenia (29 patients [32%]) followed by those with low PMA alone (18 patients [14%]), low VBD alone (16 patients [11%]), and normal bone and muscle status (21 patients [9%]) (P < .001). Osteosarcopenia, but not low VBD or PMA alone, was independently associated with 1-year mortality (odds ratio [OR], 3.18; 95% CI, 1.54-6.57) and 1-year worsening disability (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.19-3.74). The association persisted in sensitivity analyses adjusting for the Essential Frailty Toolset, Clinical Frailty Scale, and geriatric conditions such as malnutrition and disability. Conclusions and Relevance The findings suggest that osteosarcopenia detected using clinical CT scans could be used to identify frail patients with a 3-fold increase in 1-year mortality following TAVR. This opportunistic method for osteosarcopenia assessment could be used to improve risk prediction, support decision-making, and trigger rehabilitation interventions in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Solla-Suarez
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Monte Naranco Hospital, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Saleena Gul Arif
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fayeza Ahmad
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Neelabh Rastogi
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrew Meng
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Joshua M. Cohen
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Julia Rodighiero
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolo Piazza
- Division of Cardiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Giuseppe Martucci
- Division of Cardiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sandra Lauck
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovations, St Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John G. Webb
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovations, St Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dae H. Kim
- Division of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bojan Kovacina
- Department of Radiology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Afilalo
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Rambukwella R, Westbury LD, Pearse C, Ward KA, Cooper C, Dennison EM. Could self-reported physical performance help predict individuals at the highest risk of mortality and hospital admission events in clinical practice? Findings from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2024; 25:e25. [PMID: 38742442 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423624000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To consider how self-reported physical function measures relate to adverse clinical outcomes measured over 20 years of follow-up in a community-dwelling cohort (aged 59-73 at baseline) as compared with hand grip strength, a well-validated predictor of adverse events. BACKGROUND Recent evidence has emphasized the significant association of physical activity, physical performance, and muscle strength with hospital admissions in older people. However, physical performance tests require staff availability, training, specialized equipment, and space to perform them, often not feasible or realistic in the context of a busy clinical setting. METHODS In total, 2997 men and women were analyzed. Baseline predictors were measured grip strength (Jamar dynamometer) and the following self-reported measures: physical activity (Dallosso questionnaire); physical function score (SF-36 Health Survey); and walking speed. Participants were followed up from baseline (1998-2004) until December 2018 using UK Hospital Episode Statistics and mortality data, which report clinical outcomes using ICD-10 coding. Predictors in relation to the risk of mortality and hospital admission events were examined using Cox regression with and without adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. FINDINGS The mean age at baseline was 65.7 and 66.6 years among men and women, respectively. Over follow-up, 36% of men and 26% of women died, while 93% of men and 92% of women were admitted to hospital at least once. Physical activity, grip strength, SF-36 physical function, and walking speed were all strongly associated with adverse health outcomes in both sex- and fully adjusted analyses; poorer values for each of the predictors were related to greater risk of mortality (all-cause, cardiovascular-related) and any, neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, any fracture, and falls admissions. SF-36 physical function and grip strength were similarly associated with the adverse health outcomes considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Rambukwella
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Leo D Westbury
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Camille Pearse
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Kate A Ward
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Elaine M Dennison
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Janhunen O, Jokelainen O, Peltoniemi R, Nykopp TK, Arponen O. Comparison of different 2D muscle indexes measured at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra in survival prediction in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Acta Oncol 2024; 63:330-338. [PMID: 38745483 DOI: 10.2340/1651-226x.2024.27450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low computed tomography (CT)-determined muscle mass, commonly determined with height-adjusted muscle indexes (MIs), predicts worse survival in several cancers and has been suggested as a prognostic assessment tool. Although several MIs measured at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra (L3) are commonly used, it remains unestablished how different L3-determined MIs perform in survival prognostication compared to each other. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of different MIs for survival prognostication in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 214 consecutive patients with RCC. We determined three L3-MIs (psoas muscle index (PMI), psoas muscle index and erector spinae index (PMI+ESI), and whole skeletal muscle index (SMI)) from preoperative CT scans. Categorization of those with low and normal muscle mass was based on the Youden Index sex-specific MI cut-offs. We determined sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy metrics for predicting 1-year, 5-year, and overall survival (OS) using Cox regression models. RESULTS Low PMI, PMI+ESI, and SMI significantly predicted decreased 1-year, 5-year, and OS in uni- and multivariate models. PMI+ESI and SMI were more accurate than PMI in males, and PMI and PMI+ESI were more accurate than SMI in females in the prediction of 1-year survival. However, there were no differences in accuracies between MIs in 5-year and OS prediction. INTERPRETATION PMI+ESI performed well overall in short-term prognostication, but there were no differences between the MIs in long-term prognostication. We recommend the use of PMI+ESI for muscle evaluation, particularly when SMI cannot be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oona Janhunen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Otto Jokelainen
- Clinical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Clinical Pathology, Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Robin Peltoniemi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Radiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Timo K Nykopp
- Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Urology, Division of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Otso Arponen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland and Department of Oncology, Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
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Baygi F, Buhl SF, Thilsing T, Søndergaard J, Nielsen JB. Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity among older adults in the nordic countries: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:421. [PMID: 38741067 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) are age-related syndromes that may compromise physical and mental health among older adults. The Nordic countries differ from other regions on prevalence of disease, life-style behavior, and life expectancy, which may impact prevalence of sarcopenia and SO. Therefore, the aim of this study is to review the available evidence and gaps within this field in the Nordic countries. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Web of science (WOS) were searched up to February 2023. In addition, grey literature and reference lists of included studies were searched. Two independent researcher assessed papers and extracted data. RESULTS Thirty-three studies out of 6,363 searched studies were included in this scoping review. Overall prevalence of sarcopenia varied from 0.9 to 58.5%. A wide prevalence range was still present for community-dwelling older adults when definition criteria and setting were considered. The prevalence of SO ranged from 4 to 11%, according to the only study on this field. Based on the included studies, potential risk factors for sarcopenia include malnutrition, low physical activity, specific diseases (e.g., diabetes), inflammation, polypharmacy, and aging, whereas increased levels of physical activity and improved dietary intake may reduce the risk of sarcopenia. The few available interventions for sarcopenia were mainly focused on resistance training with/without nutritional supplements (e.g., protein, vitamin D). CONCLUSION The findings of our study revealed inadequate research on SO but an increasing trend in the number of studies on sarcopenia. However, most of the included studies had descriptive cross-sectional design, small sample size, and applied different diagnostic criteria. Therefore, larger well-designed cohort studies that adhere to uniform recent guidelines are required to capture a full picture of these two age-related medical conditions in Nordic countries, and plan for prevention/treatment accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Baygi
- Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Sussi Friis Buhl
- Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Trine Thilsing
- Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jens Søndergaard
- Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jesper Bo Nielsen
- Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Brown LR, Sousa MS, Yule MS, Baracos VE, McMillan DC, Arends J, Balstad TR, Bye A, Dajani O, Dolan RD, Fallon MT, Greil C, Hjermstad MJ, Jakobsen G, Maddocks M, McDonald J, Ottestad IO, Phillips I, Sayers J, Simpson MR, Vagnildhaug OM, Solheim TS, Laird BJA, Skipworth RJE. Body weight and composition endpoints in cancer cachexia clinical trials: Systematic Review 4 of the cachexia endpoints series. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024. [PMID: 38738581 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Significant variation exists in the outcomes used in cancer cachexia trials, including measures of body composition, which are often selected as primary or secondary endpoints. To date, there has been no review of the most commonly selected measures or their potential sensitivity to detect changes resulting from the interventions being examined. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the frequency and diversity of body composition measures that have been used in cancer cachexia trials. MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched between January 1990 and June 2021. Eligible trials examined adults (≥18 years) who had received an intervention aiming to treat or attenuate the effects of cancer cachexia for >14 days. Trials were also of a prospective controlled design and included body weight or at least one anthropometric, bioelectrical or radiological endpoint pertaining to body composition, irrespective of the modality of intervention (e.g., pharmacological, nutritional, physical exercise and behavioural) or comparator. Trials with a sample size of <40 patients were excluded. Data extraction used Covidence software, and reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidance. This review was prospectively registered (PROSPERO: CRD42022276710). A total of 84 clinical trials, comprising 13 016 patients, were eligible for inclusion. Non-small-cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer were studied most frequently. The majority of trial interventions were pharmacological (52%) or nutritional (34%) in nature. The most frequently reported endpoints were assessments of body weight (68 trials, n = 11 561) followed by bioimpedance analysis (BIA)-based estimates (23 trials, n = 3140). Sixteen trials (n = 3052) included dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)-based endpoints, and computed tomography (CT) body composition was included in eight trials (n = 841). Discrepancies were evident when comparing the efficacy of interventions using BIA-based estimates of lean tissue mass against radiological assessment modalities. Body weight, BIA and DEXA-based endpoints have been most frequently used in cancer cachexia trials. Although the optimal endpoints cannot be determined from this review, body weight, alongside measurements from radiological body composition analysis, would seem appropriate. The choice of radiological modality is likely to be dependent on the trial setting, population and intervention in question. CT and magnetic resonance imaging, which have the ability to accurately discriminate tissue types, are likely to be more sensitive and provide greater detail. Endpoints are of particular importance when aligned with the intervention's mechanism of action and/or intended patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo R Brown
- Clinical Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mariana S Sousa
- Improving Palliative, Aged and Chronic Care Through Clinical Research and Translation (IMPACCT), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael S Yule
- Clinical Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- St Columba's Hospice Care, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vickie E Baracos
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Donald C McMillan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jann Arends
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Trude R Balstad
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Nutrition Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Asta Bye
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav Dajani
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ross D Dolan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marie T Fallon
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- St Columba's Hospice Care, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christine Greil
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Gunnhild Jakobsen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Cancer Clinic, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Matthew Maddocks
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James McDonald
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- St Columba's Hospice Care, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Inger O Ottestad
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- The Clinical Nutrition Outpatient Clinic, Section of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Service, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Iain Phillips
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Judith Sayers
- Clinical Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- St Columba's Hospice Care, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Melanie R Simpson
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ola M Vagnildhaug
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tora S Solheim
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Barry J A Laird
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- St Columba's Hospice Care, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Richard J E Skipworth
- Clinical Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Tang Y, Liu Z, Chen Q, Juaiti M, Yu Z, Liang B, Zha L. Association of sarcopenia with the long-term risk of atrial fibrillation: A prospective cohort study. Aging Cell 2024:e14198. [PMID: 38739369 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between sarcopenia and the long-term risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. This study recruited a large prospective Caucasian cohort from the UK Biobank. Participants were assessed at baseline with handgrip strength and muscle mass and were categorized into groups of non-sarcopenia, probable sarcopenia, and confirmed sarcopenia. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to explore the association between sarcopenia and the incidence of AF. The genetic predisposition of AF was assessed by polygenic risk score. Sensitivity analyses were performed to validate the results. A total of 384,433 participants with a median age of 58 years and 54.3% women were enrolled in this study. There were 24,007 cases of new-onset AF over a median follow-up of 12.56 years. The groups of non-sarcopenia, probable sarcopenia, and confirmed sarcopenia accounted for 22,290 (6.1%), 1665 (9.2%), and 52 (11.9%) cases, respectively. Compared with the non-sarcopenia group, participants with probable sarcopenia or confirmed sarcopenia had an 8% (95% CI, 1.03-1.14) or 61% (95% CI, 1.23-2.12) higher risk of AF incidence. The findings remained robust in multiple sensitivity analyses, such as subgroup analysis and further adjustment of genetic predisposition. Notably, the association between sarcopenia and a high AF risk was more pronounced in younger participants, women, and those with valvular heart disease. In conclusion, sarcopenia was associated with a high long-term risk of AF in Caucasians, supporting sarcopenia as a new independent risk factor of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenghui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mukamengjiang Juaiti
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zaixin Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Benhui Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lihuang Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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50
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Yamanaka M, Wakabayashi H, Nishioka S, Momosaki R. Malnutrition and cachexia may affect death but not functional improvement in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia. Eur Geriatr Med 2024:10.1007/s41999-024-00984-1. [PMID: 38739334 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-024-00984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether two factors, malnutrition and cachexia, affect swallowing function, activities of daily living (ADL), and death in sarcopenic dysphagia. METHODS Of 467 patients enrolled in the Japanese Sarcopenic Dysphagia Database, 271 met the study eligibility criteria in a retrospective cohort study. Patients were divided into four groups based on whether they had cachexia according to the Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC) criteria and malnutrition according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. Multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the differences in changes in the Food Intake LEVEL Scale (FILS) and Barthel Index (BI) and death after follow-up between the malnutrition and cachexia group and the other groups. RESULTS The mean age was 83.7 ± 8.3 years, 119 (44%) were men and 152 (56%) were women. The median FILS at baseline was 7 and the median BI was 25. A total of 120 (44%) had malnutrition only, 54 (20%) had neither cachexia nor malnutrition, 12 (4%) had cachexia only, and 85 (31%) had both cachexia and malnutrition. Multivariate analyses showed no significant difference between the change in BI (P = 0.688) and the change in FILS (P = 0.928) between the malnutrition and cachexia group and the other groups; however, death increased significantly (P = 0.010). CONCLUSION Some patients diagnosed with cachexia were not malnourished, although many patients with cachexia were malnourished. While patients with both cachexia and malnutrition did not show significant improvement in ADL and swallowing function compared with patients without both conditions, the number of deaths increased significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Yamanaka
- School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Wakabayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-0054, Japan.
| | - Shinta Nishioka
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Service, Nagasaki Rehabilitation Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Momosaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
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