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Li L, Soyhan I, Warszawik E, van Rijn P. Layered Double Hydroxides: Recent Progress and Promising Perspectives Toward Biomedical Applications. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2306035. [PMID: 38501901 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been widely studied for biomedical applications due to their excellent properties, such as good biocompatibility, degradability, interlayer ion exchangeability, high loading capacity, pH-responsive release, and large specific surface area. Furthermore, the flexibility in the structural composition and ease of surface modification of LDHs makes it possible to develop specifically functionalized LDHs to meet the needs of different applications. In this review, the recent advances of LDHs for biomedical applications, which include LDH-based drug delivery systems, LDHs for cancer diagnosis and therapy, tissue engineering, coatings, functional membranes, and biosensors, are comprehensively discussed. From these various biomedical research fields, it can be seen that there is great potential and possibility for the use of LDHs in biomedical applications. However, at the same time, it must be recognized that the actual clinical translation of LDHs is still very limited. Therefore, the current limitations of related research on LDHs are discussed by combining limited examples of actual clinical translation with requirements for clinical translation of biomaterials. Finally, an outlook on future research related to LDHs is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, AV, 9713, The Netherlands
- W. J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, AV, 9713, The Netherlands
| | - Irem Soyhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, AV, 9713, The Netherlands
- W. J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, AV, 9713, The Netherlands
| | - Eliza Warszawik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, AV, 9713, The Netherlands
- W. J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, AV, 9713, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick van Rijn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, AV, 9713, The Netherlands
- W. J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, AV, 9713, The Netherlands
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Qu H, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Ou H, Lin K, Jin D, Kong Y, Ma N, Wei N. Components study on gastroprotective effect and holistic mechanism of the herbal pair Alpinia officinarum - Cyperus rotundus based on spectrum-effect relationship and integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 321:117494. [PMID: 38012972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The herbal pair Alpinia officinarum-Cyperus rotundus (HPAC) has an extended history of use in the treatment of gastric ulcers, and its curative effect is definite. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the material basis and holistic mechanism of HPAC on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three chemometrics, GRA, OPLS, and BCA, were used to construct the spectrum-effect relationship between the HPLC fingerprints of HPAC extracts and the bioactivity indices (cell viability; the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, and PGE2; and wound healing rate) against GES-1 cell damage to screen the bioactive ingredients. The bioactive components were isolated and validated in vitro. Simultaneously, the effects of HPAC with concentrated bioactive ingredients was tested on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in vivo, and the mechanism was investigated using transcriptomics and metabolomics. The mechanism was further validated by Western blotting. Finally, the contents of the main components of HPAC were determined before and after compatibility. RESULTS Twelve bioactive components were screened, and the structures of nine compounds were confirmed. An in vitro verification test showed that DPHA and galangin could protect GES-1 cells from injury, and that their content increased after compatibility. The CH2Cl2 fraction of HPAC (HP-CH2Cl2) can protect mice from ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury by reducing hemorrhage and decreasing inflammatory cell infiltration. Western blot analysis indicated that this fraction may up-regulate TRPV1 protein and down-regulate PI3K and AKT proteins. CONCLUSIONS DPHA and galangin may be the bioactive components against ethanol-induced GES-1 cell injury. HP-CH2Cl2 may exert gastroprotective effects by regulating PI3K, AKT and TRPV1 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China; Hainan Branch of Qilu Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanhai Avenue 273-A, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Hongya Ou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Kaiwen Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China; Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Longkun South Road 75, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Dejun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yidan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Longkun South Road 75, Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Na Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
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3
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Pușcașu C, Zanfirescu A, Negreș S, Șeremet OC. Exploring the Multifaceted Potential of Sildenafil in Medicine. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:2190. [PMID: 38138293 PMCID: PMC10744870 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) is pivotal in cellular signalling, regulating cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels crucial for smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation. By targeting cGMP for degradation, PDE5 inhibits sustained vasodilation. PDE5 operates in diverse anatomical regions, with its upregulation linked to various pathologies, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Sildenafil, a selective PDE5 inhibitor, is prescribed for erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, considering the extensive roles of PDE5, sildenafil might be useful in other pathologies. This review aims to comprehensively explore sildenafil's therapeutic potential across medicine, addressing a gap in the current literature. Recognising sildenafil's broader potential may unveil new treatment avenues, optimising existing approaches and broadening its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anca Zanfirescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.P.); (S.N.); (O.C.Ș.)
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Ruff SM, Brown ZJ, Pawlik TM. A review of targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer. Surg Oncol 2023; 51:101993. [PMID: 37742544 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2023.101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Surgical resection is the cornerstone of treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) and offers the best chance at long-term survival. Unfortunately, most patients do not present with resectable metastatic disease and, among patients who do undergo curative-intent resection, many will develop recurrence. In turn, patients require a multi-disciplinary treatment approach with a combination of chemotherapy, surgery, radiation, and/or liver directed therapies that is guided by patient disease burden and clinical status. The development of targeted therapies has led to varying success in other cancers and has emerged as a treatment option for patients with metastatic CRC. While cytotoxic chemotherapy aims to kill cells as they replicate, targeted therapies are directed at biologic features of cancers, like angiogenesis or immune checkpoints. Targeted therapy can facilitate a more treatment tailored approach to the unique genomic alterations of the tumor and hopefully deliver more personalized therapy. We herein provide a systematic review of approved targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic CRC and provide an overview of the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Ruff
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Zachary J Brown
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, New York University Long Island, Mineola, NY, USA
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Jia X, He Y, Li L, Xu D. Pharmacological targeting of gastric mucosal barrier with traditional Chinese medications for repairing gastric mucosal injury. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1091530. [PMID: 37361204 PMCID: PMC10285076 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1091530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The gastric mucosa (GM) is the first barrier and vital interface in the stomach that protects the host from hydrochloric acid in gastric juice and defends against exogenous insults to gastric tissues. The use of traditional Chinese medications (TCMs) for the treatment of gastric mucosal injury (GMI) has long-standing history and a good curative effect. Whereas there are poor overall reports on the intrinsic mechanisms of these TCM preparations that pharmacology uses to protect body from GMI, which is crucial to treating this disease. These existing reviews have deficiencies that limit the clinical application and development of both customary prescriptions and new drugs. Methods: Further basic and translational studies must be done to elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms of influence of these TCM preparations. Moreover, well-designed and well-conducted experiences and clinical trials are necessary to ascertain the efficacy and mechanisms of these agents. Therefore, this paper presents a focused overview of currently published literature to assess how TCMs action that facilitates the cures for GMI. It offers a whole train of current state of pharmacological evidence, identifies the pharmacological mechanisms of TCMs on GM, and highlights that remarkable capacity of TCMs to restore GM after damage. Results: These TCMs preparations promote the repair of multicomponent targets such as the gastric mucus, epithelial layer, blood flow (GMBF) and lamina propria barrier. Summary: Overall, this study has summarized the essential regulatory mechanisms and pharmacological efficacy of TCMs on new and productive therapeutic targets. Discussion: This review provides an avenue for studying various drugs with potentially promising effects on mucosal integrity, as well as subsequent pharmacological studies, clinical applications, and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Jia
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yihuai He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Delin Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Salama RM, Ahmed RH, Farid AA, AbdElSattar BA, AbdelBaset RM, Youssef ME, El Wakeel SA. Gastroprotective effect of dapagliflozin in ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats: Crosstalk between HMGB1/RAGE/PTX3 and TLR4/MyD88/VEGF/PDGF signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109686. [PMID: 36623411 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol abuse may lead to the development of gastric mucosal lesions. Dapagliflozin (DAPA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, is clinically used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, studies showed protective effect of DAPA under various experimental conditions by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. The effect of DAPA on experimental gastric ulcer has not been studied yet. Therefore, we attempted to investigate DAPA's protective effect against ethanol (EtOH)-induced gastric lesions. Fifty-six (8-week-old) male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups. DAPA (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg/day; p.o.) was given for seven days, plus a single dose of absolute EtOH (5 ml/kg) on day 8. According to hematoxylin and eosin, and Alcian blue staining of gastric tissue sections, titratable acidity, and macroscopic assessments, DAPA high dose (10 mg/kg) was the most protective, with lesser ulcerations, and higher mucin, relative to the lower two doses and the standard treatment omeprazole (OME). In rats pre-treated with DAPA high dose, colorimetric and ELISA analyses revealed significantly decreased oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory, and apoptosis indices and increased levels of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Western blot analysis revealed reduced pentraxin-3 (PTX3), high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) expression. These results were comparable in DAPA (10 mg/kg) and OME pre-treated groups. Overall, DAPA exerted a dose-dependent protective effect against EtOH-induced gastric injury. Gastroprotective effects of DAPA (10 mg/kg) may be associated with influencing HMGB1/RAGE/PTX3 and TLR4/MyD88/VEGF/PDGF pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania M Salama
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Rodaina H Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Alaa A Farid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | | | - Merna E Youssef
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sara A El Wakeel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.
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Suthar RR, Agrawal A, Deodhar K, Purandare N, Shah S, Puranik A, Choudhury S, Rangarajan V. Unusual Presentation of Helicobacter pylori Infection as PSMA-Avid Gastric Mass. Clin Nucl Med 2022; 47:e607-e608. [PMID: 35384885 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000004215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT is one of the most common imaging uses for prostate cancer imaging. Although initially thought to be specific for prostate cancer, there are many evidences that are coming of its concentration in many other neoplastic and nonneoplastic pathologies. Helicobacter pylori is the most common bacteria causing gastric inflammation and usually presents with gastroduodenal ulcer. Here we present one unusual case of benign gastric mass formation caused by H. pylori infection with PSMA concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Ramesh Suthar
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Abstract
Clopidogrel is a widely prescribed prodrug with anti-thrombotic activity through irreversible inhibition of the P2Y12 receptor on platelets. It is FDA-approved for the clinical management of thrombotic diseases like unstable angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, and during percutaneous coronary interventions. Hepatic clopidogrel metabolism generates several distinct metabolites. Only one of these metabolites is responsible for inhibiting the platelet P2Y12 receptor. Importantly, various non-hemostatic effects of clopidogrel therapy have been described. These non-hemostatic effects are perhaps unsurprising, as P2Y12 receptor expression has been reported in multiple tissues, including osteoblasts, leukocytes, as well as vascular endothelium and smooth muscle. While the "inactive" metabolites have been commonly thought to be biologically inert, recent findings have uncovered P2Y12 receptor-independent effects of clopidogrel treatment that may be mediated by understudied metabolites. In this review, we summarize both the P2Y12 receptor-mediated and non-P2Y12 receptor-mediated effects of clopidogrel and its metabolites in various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn S Kuszynski
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 1355 Bogue Street, B336 Life Science, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Institute of Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - D Adam Lauver
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 1355 Bogue Street, B336 Life Science, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Abstract
The integrity of the gastrointestinal mucosa plays a crucial role in gut homeostasis, which depends upon the balance between mucosal injury by destructive factors and healing via protective factors. The persistence of noxious agents such as acid, pepsin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or Helicobacter pylori breaks down the mucosal barrier and injury occurs. Depending upon the size and site of the wound, it is healed by complex and overlapping processes involving membrane resealing, cell spreading, purse-string contraction, restitution, differentiation, angiogenesis, and vasculogenesis, each modulated by extracellular regulators. Unfortunately, the gut does not always heal, leading to such pathology as peptic ulcers or inflammatory bowel disease. Currently available therapeutics such as proton pump inhibitors, histamine-2 receptor antagonists, sucralfate, 5-aminosalicylate, antibiotics, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants all attempt to minimize or reduce injury to the gastrointestinal tract. More recent studies have focused on improving mucosal defense or directly promoting mucosal repair. Many investigations have sought to enhance mucosal defense by stimulating mucus secretion, mucosal blood flow, or tight junction function. Conversely, new attempts to directly promote mucosal repair target proteins that modulate cytoskeleton dynamics such as tubulin, talin, Ehm2, filamin-a, gelsolin, and flightless I or that proteins regulate focal adhesions dynamics such as focal adhesion kinase. This article summarizes the pathobiology of gastrointestinal mucosal healing and reviews potential new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Oncel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States
| | - Marc D Basson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States
- Department of Surgery, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States
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Abstract
Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous and prevalent disease. The traditional environmental exposures associated with an elevated risk of gastric cancer are less prevalent in the United States today. Genetic risks and risks associated with inflammation remain. Most cases are sporadic and familial clustering is observed in about 10% of the cases. Hereditary gastric cancer accounts for a very low percentage of cases. Here we review the genetic and environmental risk factors associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhavan Shah
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Outcome and Quality Improvement Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - David Bentrem
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Zhou P, Zhou R, Min Y, An LP, Wang F, Du QY. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis on Pharmacological Mechanisms of Astragalus membranaceus in the Treatment of Gastric Ulcer. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022; 2022:9007396. [PMID: 35140802 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9007396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragalus membranaceus (AM, family: Leguminosae) exerts significant therapeutic effect on gastric ulcer (GU); however, there are scarce studies on its molecular mechanism against GU. This study aims to explore the key ingredients, key targets, and potential mechanisms of AM in the treatment of GU by utilizing network pharmacology and molecular docking. METHODS Several public databases were used to predict the targets of AM and GU, respectively, and the drug and disease targets were intersected to obtain the common targets. Next, the key ingredients and key targets were identified by constructing ingredient-target network and protein-protein-interaction (PPI) network. Gene Ontology biological processes (GOBP) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were carried out on the common targets in order to ascertain the biological processes and signaling pathways involved. Finally, molecular docking was conducted to verify the binding affinity between the key ingredients and key targets. RESULTS A total of 552 predicted targets were obtained from 23 screened active ingredients, of which 203 targets were the common targets with GU. Quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin were identified as the key ingredients by constructing ingredient-target network, and TP53, AKT1, VEGFA, IL6, TNF, CASP3, and EGFR were selected as the key targets by constructing PPI network. GOBP and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the therapeutic effect of AM on GU involved multiple biological processes and signaling pathways related to inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. Molecular docking validation demonstrated that all key ingredients had good binding affinity with the key targets. CONCLUSION This study revealed the key ingredients, key targets, and potential mechanisms of AM against GU, and these data may provide some crucial references for subsequent research and development of drugs for treating GU.
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Ahluwalia A, Patel K, Hoa N, Brzozowska I, Jones MK, Tarnawski AS. Melatonin ameliorates aging-related impaired angiogenesis in gastric endothelial cells via local actions on mitochondria and VEGF-survivin signaling. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G682-G689. [PMID: 34668398 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00101.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tissue injury healing is impaired in aging, and this impairment is caused in part by reduced angiogenesis. Melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone that regulates sleep and circadian rhythm, is also produced in the gastrointestinal tract. The expression of melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 in gastric endothelial cells and their roles in aging-related impairment of gastric angiogenesis have not been examined. We hypothesized that MT1 and MT2 expression is reduced in gastric endothelial cells of aging rats and that melatonin treatment can upregulate their expression and improve angiogenesis. We examined the expression of MT1 and MT2 in gastric endothelial cells (GECs) isolated from young and aging rats. We also examined the effects of melatonin treatment on angiogenesis, GEC mitochondrial function, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its signaling receptor (VEGFR-2), and the inhibitor of apoptosis protein, survivin. Young and aging GECs expressed MT1 (in the cytoplasm and mitochondria) and MT2 (in nucleus and mitochondria). In aging GECs, MT1 and MT2 levels, in vitro angiogenesis, and mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly reduced (by 1.5-fold, 1.9-fold, 3.1-fold, and 1.63-fold, respectively) compared with young GECs. Melatonin treatment of aging GECs significantly increased MT1 and MT2 expression compared with the controls, induced nuclear translocation of MT1, and significantly ameliorated the aging-related impairment of angiogenesis and mitochondrial function. Aging GECs have significantly reduced MT1 and MT2 expression, angiogenesis, and mitochondrial membrane potential compared with young GECs. Treatment of aging GECs with melatonin increases expression of VEGF receptor and survivin and ameliorates aging-related impaired angiogenesis and mitochondrial function.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study showed reduced expression of melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2, angiogenesis, and mitochondrial function in gastric endothelial cells (GECs) isolated from aging rats. Treatment of aging GECs with melatonin increases expression of VEGF receptor and survivin and ameliorates aging-related impaired angiogenesis and mitochondrial function. These studies provide new insight into the mechanisms of the aging-related impairment of angiogenesis and delayed tissue injury healing and provide a rationale for melatonin treatment to reverse these abnormalities.
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MESH Headings
- Age Factors
- Angiogenesis Inducing Agents/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Gastric Mucosa/blood supply
- Melatonin/pharmacology
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects
- Rats, Inbred F344
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT1/agonists
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT1/metabolism
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT2/agonists
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Survivin/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Ahluwalia
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System (VALBHS), Long Beach, California
| | - Khushin Patel
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System (VALBHS), Long Beach, California
| | - Neil Hoa
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System (VALBHS), Long Beach, California
| | - Iwona Brzozowska
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michael K Jones
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System (VALBHS), Long Beach, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Andrzej S Tarnawski
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System (VALBHS), Long Beach, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
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da Luz BB, Maria-Ferreira D, Dallazen JL, de Oliveira AF, Queiroz Telles JE, Beltrame OC, Cipriani TR, de Paula Werner MF. Effectiveness of the polyphenols-rich Sedum dendroideum infusion on gastric ulcer healing in rats: Roles of protective endogenous factors and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 278:114260. [PMID: 34062247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Peptic ulcer is an inflammatory disease that therapeutic options are mainly focused in antisecretory drugs. Sedum dendroideum Moc & Sessé ex DC (Crassulaceae) is employed in folk medicine for the treatment of gastric ulcers. Recently, our group demonstrated that Sedum dendroideum infusion (SDI) is rich in polyphenols (flavonol glycosides, myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol) and promoted gastroprotection against acute ulcer models, without changes gastric acid secretion. AIM OF THE STUDY Here, we follow the investigation of the healing effects of SDI (ED50 = 191 mg/kg) in the chronic gastric ulcer model induced by 80% acetic acid in rats, elucidating underlying mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were orally treated with vehicle (water, 1 mL/kg), SDI (191 mg/kg), omeprazole (40 mg/kg) or sucralfate (100 mg/kg) twice daily for 5 days after ulcer induction. Following treatments, toxicological effects, macroscopic ulcer appearance, microscopic histological (HE, mucin PAS-staining) and immunohistochemical (PCNA and HSP70) analysis, inflammatory (MPO and NAG activity, cytokine levels measurements) and antioxidant (SOD and CAT) parameters were investigated in gastric ulcer tissues. RESULTS Oral treatment with SDI accelerated gastric ulcer healing, maintained mucin content and promoted epithelial cell proliferation. SDI also reduced neutrophil and mononuclear leukocyte infiltration, TNF-α and IL-1β levels and the oxidative stress, restoring SOD and CAT activities in the ulcer tissue. CONCLUSIONS The gastric healing effect of SDI was mediated through endogenous protective events as well as due to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. Our observations support and reinforce the traditional utilize of Sedum dendroideum as a natural nontoxic therapeutic alternative for the treatment of gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniele Maria-Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jorge Luiz Dallazen
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Olair Carlos Beltrame
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Thales Ricardo Cipriani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Huang Q, Jia X, Chu Y, Zhang X, Ye H. Helicobacter pylori Infection in Geriatric Patients: Current Situation and Treatment Regimens. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:713908. [PMID: 34660627 PMCID: PMC8514670 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.713908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has so far infected more than half the global population. It is the most important and controllable risk factor for gastric cancer. The elderly, who are at a higher incidence of the infection, are also commonly found to develop antibiotic resistance. The symptoms, diagnosis, clinical features (of gastric or extra-digestive diseases), and treatment of H. pylori infection in the elderly, are different from that in the non-elderly. Health conditions, including comorbidities and combined medication have limited the use of regular therapies in elderly patients. However, they can still benefit from eradication therapy, thus preventing gastric mucosal lesions and gastric cancer. In addition, new approaches, such as dual therapy and complementary therapy, have the potential to treat older patients with H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xuezhi Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Huang MP, Gu SZ, Huang B, Li GW, Xiong ZP, Tang T, Zeng SN. Apatinib Inhibits Angiogenesis in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma by Regulating the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Factor 3/Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 Subunit Alpha Signaling Axis. Pharmacology 2021; 106:509-519. [PMID: 34412054 DOI: 10.1159/000514410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), which is difficult to diagnose and is usually fatal due to its late clinical presentation and a lack of effective treatment, has risen over the past decades but without much improvement in prognosis. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to investigate the role of apatinib that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) in ICC. METHODS MTT assays, cell scratch assays, and tube formation assays were used to assess the effect of apatinib on human ICC cell line (HuCCT-1) and RBE cells proliferation, migration, and angiogenic capacity, respectively. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGFR2, signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 (STAT3), pSTAT3, and hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF-1α) pathway proteins was assessed using Western blotting and mRNA expression analysis in HuCCT-1 was performed using RT-qPCR assays. The pcDNA 3.1(-)-VEGFR2 and pcDNA 3.1(-)-HIF-1α were transfected into HuCCT-1 and RBE cells using Lipofectamine 2,000 to obtain overexpressed HuCCT-1 and RBE cells. RESULTS We found that apatinib-inhibited proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HuCCT-1 and RBE cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. We also proved that apatinib effectively inhibits angiogenesis in tumor cells by blocking the expression of VEGF and VEGFR2 in these cells. In addition, we demonstrated that apatinib regulates the expression of STAT3 phosphorylation by inhibiting VEGFR2. Finally, we showed that apatinib regulates ICC angiogenesis and HIF-1α/VEGF expression via STAT3. CONCLUSIONS Based on the above findings, we conclude that apatinib inhibits HuCCT-1 and RBE cell proliferation, migration, and tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting the VEGFR2/STAT3/HIF-1α axis signaling pathway. Apatinib can be a promising drug for ICC-targeted molecular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Ping Huang
- Department of Intervention Hunan, Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan-Zhi Gu
- Department of Intervention Hunan, Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Intervention Hunan, Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guo-Wen Li
- Department of Intervention Hunan, Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng-Ping Xiong
- Department of Intervention Hunan, Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tian Tang
- Department of Intervention Hunan, Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sai-Nan Zeng
- Infection Controlling Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Maeda H, Sasaki F, Morinaga Y, Kabayama M, Iwaya H, Komaki Y, Arima S, Nasu Y, Tanoue S, Hashimoto S, Kanmura S, Nishiguchi A, Taguchi T, Ido A. Covering Post-Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Ulcers in Miniature Swine with Hexanoyl (Hx:C6) Group-Modified Alkaline-Treated Gelatin Porous Film (HAG) Induces Proper Healing by Decreasing Inflammation and Fibrosis. Digestion 2021; 102:415-427. [PMID: 32698185 DOI: 10.1159/000509056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hexanoyl (Hx:C6) group-modified alkaline-treated gelatin porous film (HAG) is a newly developed degradable hydrogel characterized by strong adhesiveness and high affinity for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of HAG sheets on the healing process of post-endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) porcine gastric artificial ulcers. METHODS (1) To evaluate the adhesiveness of HAG sheets over time, we performed ESD to create 1 artificial ulcer and covered the lesion with 1 HAG sheet using 1 miniature swine. We observed 2 ulcers by endoscopic and microscopic examinations. (2) To examine the effect of HAG sheets on post-ESD ulcer healing, we performed ESD using 5 miniature swine. The artificial ulcers were covered with HAG sheets, or left uncovered after ESD (day 0), followed by macroscopic and microscopic examinations. On days 7 and 14, we observed 2 ulcers by endoscopic examinations. On day 14, the animals were sacrificed, and histological examination was performed on the 3 stomachs that could be extirpated. RESULTS (1) On day 7, adhesion of HAG sheets was observed. (2) Gastric ulcer area on day 7 was significantly larger in the covered ulcers than in the non-covered ulcers (p = 0.046). On day 14, although there was no significant difference in ulcer area irrespective of covering (p = 0.357), the covered ulcers tended to repair less fold convergence than non-covered ulcers. The covered ulcer sheets significantly decreased inflammatory cell infiltration (p = 0.011), but significantly increased the abundance of macrophages (p = 0.033), in submucosal layers. Also, the abundance of alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive cells in submucosal layers of the covered ulcers was significantly reduced (p = 0.044), leading to a decrease in collagen accumulation. In addition, fibrosis and atrophy of the muscularis propria were significantly lower for covered ulcers than for non-covered ulcers. Furthermore, microvessels and VEGF-positive cells were significantly more abundant in the submucosal layers of the covered ulcers (p < 0.001 and p = 0.024, respectively). CONCLUSIONS HAG sheets induced post-ESD ulcer healing with less submucosal inflammation and muscularis propria injury and have the potential to decrease excess scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehito Maeda
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Fumisato Sasaki
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan,
| | - Yuko Morinaga
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kabayama
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Iwaya
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuga Komaki
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shiho Arima
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nasu
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shiroh Tanoue
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shuji Kanmura
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nishiguchi
- Polymers and Biomaterials Field, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Taguchi
- Polymers and Biomaterials Field, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akio Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Tarnawski AS, Ahluwalia A. The Critical Role of Growth Factors in Gastric Ulcer Healing: The Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Clinical Implications. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081964. [PMID: 34440733 PMCID: PMC8392882 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms of gastric ulcer healing. A gastric ulcer (GU) is a deep defect in the gastric wall penetrating through the entire mucosa and the muscularis mucosae. GU healing is a regeneration process that encompasses cell dedifferentiation, proliferation, migration, re-epithelialization, formation of granulation tissue, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, interactions between various cells and the matrix, and tissue remodeling, all resulting in scar formation. All these events are controlled by cytokines and growth factors (e.g., EGF, TGFα, IGF-1, HGF, bFGF, TGFβ, NGF, VEGF, angiopoietins) and transcription factors activated by tissue injury. These growth factors bind to their receptors and trigger cell proliferation, migration, and survival pathways through Ras, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, PLC-γ, and Rho/Rac/actin signaling. The triggers for the activation of these growth factors are tissue injury and hypoxia. EGF, its receptor, IGF-1, HGF, and COX-2 are important for epithelial cell proliferation, migration, re-epithelialization, and gastric gland reconstruction. VEGF, angiopoietins, bFGF, and NGF are crucial for blood vessel regeneration in GU scars. The serum response factor (SRF) is essential for VEGF-induced angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, and blood vessel and muscle restoration. Local therapy with cDNA of human recombinant VEGF165 in combination with angiopoietin1, or with the NGF protein, dramatically accelerates GU healing and improves the quality of mucosal restoration within ulcer scars. The future directions for accelerating and improving healing include local gene and protein therapies with growth factors, their combinations, and the use of stem cells and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej S. Tarnawski
- Medical Research Service, VA Long Beach Healthcare System Long Beach, 5901 East Seventh Street, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine and Digestive Health Institute, The University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Correspondence: (A.S.T.); (A.A.); Tel.: +1-(562)-826-5813 (A.A.); Fax: +1-(562)-826-5675 (A.A.)
| | - Amrita Ahluwalia
- Medical Research Service, VA Long Beach Healthcare System Long Beach, 5901 East Seventh Street, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
- Correspondence: (A.S.T.); (A.A.); Tel.: +1-(562)-826-5813 (A.A.); Fax: +1-(562)-826-5675 (A.A.)
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Aberdeen H, Battles K, Taylor A, Garner-Donald J, Davis-Wilson A, Rogers BT, Cavalier C, Williams ED. The Aging Vasculature: Glucose Tolerance, Hypoglycemia and the Role of the Serum Response Factor. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:58. [PMID: 34067715 PMCID: PMC8156687 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8050058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The fastest growing demographic in the U.S. at the present time is those aged 65 years and older. Accompanying advancing age are a myriad of physiological changes in which reserve capacity is diminished and homeostatic control attenuates. One facet of homeostatic control lost with advancing age is glucose tolerance. Nowhere is this more accentuated than in the high proportion of older Americans who are diabetic. Coupled with advancing age, diabetes predisposes affected subjects to the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In the treatment of type 2 diabetes, hypoglycemic episodes are a frequent clinical manifestation, which often result in more severe pathological outcomes compared to those observed in cases of insulin resistance, including premature appearance of biomarkers of senescence. Unfortunately, molecular mechanisms of hypoglycemia remain unclear and the subject of much debate. In this review, the molecular basis of the aging vasculature (endothelium) and how glycemic flux drives the appearance of cardiovascular lesions and injury are discussed. Further, we review the potential role of the serum response factor (SRF) in driving glycemic flux-related cellular signaling through its association with various proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Aberdeen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Baptist Health Sciences University, Memphis, TN 38103, USA; or
| | - Kaela Battles
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Ariana Taylor
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Jeranae Garner-Donald
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Ana Davis-Wilson
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Bryan T. Rogers
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Candice Cavalier
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Emmanuel D. Williams
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
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Siennicka K, Zołocińska A, Dębski T, Pojda Z. Comparison of the Donor Age-Dependent and In Vitro Culture-Dependent Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aging in Rat Model. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6665358. [PMID: 34093710 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6665358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical experiments suggest that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be useful for tissue repair therapies or treatment of the autoimmune disorders. There is still lack of consensus concerning the age limit of MSC donors, majority of researchers suggest the autologous MSC therapies of patients not exceeding age limit of 55-60 yrs. The purpose of our study was to compare the selected parameters of MSCs from adipose tissue (adipose stem cell, ASC) collected from young and old rats of ages corresponding to patient's ages 25 yrs. and 80 yrs., respectively. The differences of parameters of ASCs from young and old animals were compared with the differences between ASCs from short-term (3 passage) and long-term (30 passage) in vitro culture. Cell morphology, surface marker expression, growth potential, metabolic activity, β-galactosidase activity, clonogenic potential, angiogenic potential, and differentiation ability of ASCs from young and aged animals and from in vitro cultures at 3rd and 30th passages were compared and analyzed. It may be concluded that ASCs may be applied for autologous transplantations in aged patients. Comparison of ASC aging dynamics depending on host aging or in vitro culture duration suggests that long-term in vitro culture may affect ASCs more than natural aging process of their host. We suggest that ASCs expanded in vitro prior to their clinical use must be carefully screened for the possible aging effects resulting not only from donor age, but from the duration of their in vitro culture.
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Hendee K, Hunyenyiwa T, Matus K, Toledo M, Mammoto A, Mammoto T. Twist1 signaling in age-dependent decline in angiogenesis and lung regeneration. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:7781-99. [PMID: 33764901 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis – the formation of new blood capillaries- is impaired in aging animals and contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. A transcription factor, Twist1, contributes to the pathogenesis of age- and angiogenesis-related diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism by which Twist1 controls age-dependent decline in angiogenesis remains unclear. In this report, we have demonstrated that the levels of Twist1 are higher, while the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) that stimulates angiogenesis, is lower in endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from aged human adipose tissues and mouse lungs compared to those from young tissues. Knockdown of Twist1 in aged human ECs increases the levels of PGC1α and angiogenic factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR2), and restores EC proliferation and migration, while inhibition of PGC1α suppresses these effects. Knockdown of Twist1 in supplemented aged ECs also restores vascular networks in the subcutaneously implanted gel, while these effects are abrogated by knockdown of PGC1α. Age-dependent inhibition of post-pneumonectomy (PNX) lung growth is suppressed in Tie2-specific Twist1 conditional knockout mouse lungs, in which VEGFR2 expression increases after PNX. These results suggest that upregulation of endothelial Twist1 mediates age-dependent decline in angiogenesis and regenerative lung growth.
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Tian M, Dong J, Wang Z, Lu S, Geng F. The effects and mechanism of Kangfuxin on improving healing quality and preventing recurrence of gastric ulcer. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111513. [PMID: 33761454 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the gastroprotective effects and possible mechanism of Kangfuxin (KFX), an ethanol extract of Periplaneta americana L. (Dictyoptera; Blattidae), on improving healing quality and preventing recurrence of gastric ulcer. The effects of KFX were investigated in patients treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), gastric ulcer animal model, and rat gastric mucosal cells and fibroblasts. Moreover, the relationship between KFX and p38/NF-κB pathway were explored both in vivo and in vitro. In patients, KFX exhibited protective effects against gastric ulcers and resulted in a decrease in the CD3 expression. In vivo animal experiments confirmed that KFX accelerated ulcer healing by promoting neovascularization (increased CD34 expression), suppressing inflammation (decreased interleukin-1β (IL-1β), myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and IL-8 expression), and enhancing growth factor expression, including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). In vitro experiments demonstrated that treatment with 10% KFX rat serum decreased IL-1β, IL-1Ra, SIL-1RAP, TNF-α, and ICAM-1 expression in rat gastric mucosal cells or fibroblasts and increased IL-1R expression compared to that in the group treatment with 10% normal rat serum. Furthermore, KFX inhibited the activation of p38/NF-κB pathway both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, KFX treatment could effectively improve healing quality and prevent gastric ulcer recurrence, which might be attributed to neovascularization, suppressed inflammation, and enhanced growth factor expression. The p38/NF-κB pathway may be one of important mechanism to mediate the effects of KFX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Tian
- Shanghai Burn Institute, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiaoyun Dong
- Shanghai Burn Institute, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhengting Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shuliang Lu
- Shanghai Burn Institute, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Funeng Geng
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China.
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Ahmad R, Singh JK, Wunnava A, Al-Obeed O, Abdulla M, Srivastava SK. Emerging trends in colorectal cancer: Dysregulated signaling pathways (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:14. [PMID: 33655327 PMCID: PMC7834960 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently detected type of cancer, and the second most common cause of cancer‑related mortality globally. The American Cancer Society predicted that approximately 147,950 individuals would be diagnosed with CRC, out of which 53,200 individuals would succumb to the disease in the USA alone in 2020. CRC‑related mortality ranks third among both males and females in the USA. CRC arises from 3 major pathways: i) The adenoma‑carcinoma sequence; ii) serrated pathway; and iii) the inflammatory pathway. The majority of cases of CRC are sporadic and result from risk factors, such as a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, processed diets, alcohol consumption and smoking. CRC is also a common preventable cancer. With widespread CRC screening, the incidence and mortality from CRC have decreased in developed countries. However, over the past few decades, CRC cases and mortality have been on the rise in young adults (age, <50 years). In addition, CRC cases are increasing in developing countries with a low gross domestic product (GDP) due to lifestyle changes. CRC is an etiologically heterogeneous disease classified by tumor location and alterations in global gene expression. Accumulating genetic and epigenetic perturbations and aberrations over time in tumor suppressor genes, oncogenes and DNA mismatch repair genes could be a precursor to the onset of colorectal cancer. CRC can be divided as sporadic, familial, and inherited depending on the origin of the mutation. Germline mutations in APC and MLH1 have been proven to play an etiological role, resulting in the predisposition of individuals to CRC. Genetic alterations cause the dysregulation of signaling pathways leading to drug resistance, the inhibition of apoptosis and the induction of proliferation, invasion and migration, resulting in CRC development and metastasis. Timely detection and effective precision therapies based on the present knowledge of CRC is essential for successful treatment and patient survival. The present review presents the CRC incidence, risk factors, dysregulated signaling pathways and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Ahmad
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaikee Kumar Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | - Amoolya Wunnava
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | - Omar Al-Obeed
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Abdulla
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
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Yin J, Yi J, Yang C, Xu B, Lin J, Hu H, Wu X, Shi H, Fei X. Chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia induced by high-salt and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine intake in rats. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:315. [PMID: 33717258 PMCID: PMC7885066 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to induce chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) with intestinal metaplasia (IM) in rats by administering saturated salt and methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) via oral gavage. Changes in gastric mucosal blood microcirculation and activation of the cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2)/hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway during CAG and IM development were investigated. After administering saturated salt and MNNG for 25 weeks, mild atrophy was detected in the stomach of model rats using hematoxylin and eosin staining. CAG with IM was successfully induced in the gastric mucosa of the model rats after 35 weeks. Gastric mucosal blood flow was decreased in comparison with controls as early as 15 weeks after treatment to induce CAG and the mRNA expression levels of COX-2, HIF-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)1 and VEGFR2 were increased in comparison with untreated rats as early as 25 weeks after treatment. HIF-1α, COX-2 and VEGFR2 expression levels were increased as early as 25 weeks after CAG induction treatment when compared to controls and HIF-1α, COX-2, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 expression levels were significantly increased after 35 weeks. These findings indicated that administering saturated salt and MNNG by gavage for 35 weeks successfully induced CAG and IM in rats. Furthermore, the microcirculation was disturbed before activation of the COX-2/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yin
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jinyu Yi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Chun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Bo Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Hongyi Hu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Fei
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Huang Y, Zhang J, Dong R, Ji X, Jiang Y, Cen J, Bai Z, Hong K, Li H, Chen J, Zhou J, Qian F, Wang F, Qu Y, Zhou Y. Lactate as a metabolite from probiotic Lactobacilli mitigates ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury: an in vivo study. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:26. [PMID: 33430871 PMCID: PMC7802211 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03198-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pre-administration of probiotic Lactobacilli attenuates ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury (GMI). The underpinning mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We speculated that lactate, the main metabolite of Lactobacillus that can be safely used as a common food additive, mediated the gastroprotective effect. This study aimed to gain experimental evidence to support our hypothesis and to shed lights on its underlying mechanisms. Methods Lactate was orally administrated to mice at different doses 30 min prior to the induction of GMI. Gastric tissue samples were collected and underwent histopathological and immunohistochemical assessments, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot analyses. Results Pretreatment with lactate at 1–3 g/kg significantly curtailed the severity of ethanol-induced GMI, as shown by morphological and histopathological examinations of gastric tissue samples. Significantly lower level of cytokines indicative of local inflammation were found in mice receiving lactate treatment prior to ethanol administration. Western-blot, immunohistochemical analysis and qPCR suggested that gastroprotective properties of lactate were mediated by its modulatory effects on the expression of the apoptosis regulator gene Bax, the apoptotic executive protein gene Casp3, and genes critical for gastric mucosal integrity, including those encoding tight junction proteins Occludin, Claudin-1, Claudin-5, and that for lactate receptor GPR81. Conclusion Lactate mitigates ethanol-induced GMI by curtailing local gastric inflammatory response, down-regulating the expression of the apoptosis regulator and executor genes Bax and Casp3, and up-regulating the expression of genes encoding tight junction proteins Occludin, Claudin-1, and Claudin-5 and the lactate receptor GPR81. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-020-03198-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingpeng Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Renjie Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiawei Ji
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yusha Jiang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jianke Cen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhihuai Bai
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kairui Hong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fanyu Qian
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fangyan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yue Qu
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Australia.
| | - Yan Zhou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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El-Shiekh RA, Salama A, Al-Mokaddem AK, Abdel-Sattar EA. Gastroprotective effect of mucilage fraction from Solenostemma argel via cytoprotection and attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. J Herbmed Pharmacol 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2021.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Polysaccharides have numerous therapeutic values including immunity stimulation, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, wound healing, anti-diabetic and cytotoxic activities, in addition to their potent anti-oxidant properties. This work examined the gastroprotective and ulcer healing potential of mucilage fraction isolated from Solenostemma argel (Delile) Hayne (MFA) against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups (n=8); normal control (I), ethanol control (II), 20 mg/kg Antodine pretreated rats (III), 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg MFA pretreated rats, respectively (IV & V). All rats in groups II-V received single intragastric dose of ethanol (5 mL/kg) to induce gastric ulcer. Gastric mucosal injuries were assessed by stomach gross examination as well as histopathology, and immunohistochemistry of apoptotic markers. Also, several biochemical parameters including oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines, cytoprotective and cell proliferative biomarkers were measured. Results: High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of MFA revealed its composition of glucose, D-fucose and N-acetyl glucosamine as monosaccharaides, in addition to glucuronic and galacturonic acids. The data showed that MFA, 200 mg/kg had potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, cell proliferative, and antiapoptotic activities which were better than Antodine. Conclusion: This study revealed that MFA had significant gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced gastric injuries and could be a promising adjuvant therapy for ulcer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham A. El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini st., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, El-Bouhouth St., Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Asmaa K. Al-Mokaddem
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza Square, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Essam A. Abdel-Sattar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini st., Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Wang R, Sun F, Ren C, Zhai L, Xiong R, Yang Y, Yang W, Yi R, Li C, Zhao X. Hunan insect tea polyphenols provide protection against gastric injury induced by HCl/ethanol through an antioxidant mechanism in mice. Food Funct 2020; 12:747-760. [PMID: 33367402 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02677h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to explore the preventive and treatment effects of Hunan insect tea polyphenols (HITPs) on gastric injury in mice induced by HCl/ethanol and to investigate their molecular mechanisms of action. Both HITPs and ranitidine inhibited the formation and further deterioration of gastric mucosal lesions, reduced the secretion of gastric juice, and raised gastric juice pH compared to the control. The HITPs-H treated group had lower serum levels of motilin, substance P, and endothelin than the control group, but they had higher serum levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide and somatostatin. Mice treated with HITPs had lower serum levels of cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ than the control group. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were higher in the gastric tissues of HITP-treated mice, but the malondialdehyde content was lower. Quantitative PCR analysis indicated that the mRNA expression of occludin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), EGF receptor (EGFR), vascular EGF (VEGF), inhibitor kappaB-α, cuprozinc-superoxide dismutase, manganese-superoxide dismutase, GSH-Px, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, and endothelial NOS increased significantly in the gastric tissues of HITP-treated mice. However, the activated B cell, inducible NOS, cyclooxygenase-2, TNF-α, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 mRNA expression levels in the HITPs group were lower than those in the control group. The protective effect of a high concentration (200 mg per kg bw) of HITPs on gastric injury induced by HCl/ethanol was stronger than that of a low concentration (100 mg per kg bw) of HITPs. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that the HITPs contained cryptochlorogenic acid, (-)-epicatechin gallate, and isochlorogenic acid C. Taken together, our findings indicate that the HITPs played a role in the prevention of gastric damage. The antioxidant effect of the HITPs contributed to their potential value in the prevention and treatment of gastric injury. HITPs have broad prospects as biologically active substances for food development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Wang
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China.
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Cheng J, Xia J, Zhuang Q, Xu X, Wu X, Wan X, Wang J, Zhou H. A new exploration of white globe appearance (WGA) in ulcerative lesions. Z Gastroenterol 2020; 58:754-760. [PMID: 32785912 DOI: 10.1055/a-1200-2287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM White globe appearance (WGA), a small white lesion with a globular shape that can be clearly visualized by magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI), was reported to be a reliable marker of early gastric cancer (EGC). However, we found that this endoscopic presentation could also be seen in non-cancerous tissues, especially in ulcerative lesions. This study aimed to further investigate the diagnostic value of WGA in differentiating non-cancerous lesions from EGC in ulcer-type cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 54 cases of EGC and 155 cases of non-cancerous lesions in this study, all of which had endoscopic imaging data of ME-NBI scanning and pathological data of biopsy or resected specimens. The correlation of the prevalence of WGA and ulcerative lesions, as well as the characteristics of WGA between the 2 groups were analyzed in this study. RESULTS WGA was more common in ulcerative lesions (27.6 %, 21/76) than in non-ulcerative lesions (3.8 %, 5/133) (p < 0.001) in our study. In the ulcerative cases, no significant difference in prevalence of WGA was observed between EGC and non-cancerous lesions (p = 0.532). Compared with WGA in EGC, WGA in non-cancerous lesions tended to show the characteristic of tree-branch-like vessels on globular shape (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS WGA is more likely to occur in ulcerative lesions, and the presence of WGA alone cannot distinguish EGC from non-cancerous lesions in ulcer-type cases. In WGA-positive tissue, tree-branch-like vessels of globular shape may provide a certain clinical value in diagnosis of non-cancerous lesions or EGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinnian Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Jie Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xianjun Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xinjian Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
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Abstract
Spasmolytic polypeptide/trefoil factor 2 (TFF2)-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) is a mucous-secreting reparative lineage that emerges at the ulcer margin in response to gastric injury. Under conditions of chronic inflammation with parietal cell loss, SPEM has been found to emerge and evolve into neoplasia. Cluster-of-differentiation gene 44 (CD44) is known to coordinate normal and metaplastic epithelial cell proliferation. In particular, CD44 variant isoform 9 (CD44v9) associates with the cystine-glutamate transporter xCT, stabilizes the protein, and provides defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). xCT stabilization by CD44v9 leads to defense against ROS by cystine uptake, glutathione (GSH) synthesis, and maintenance of the redox balance within the intracellular environment. Furthermore, p38 signaling is a known downstream ROS target, leading to diminished cell proliferation and migration, two vital processes of gastric epithelial repair. CD44v9 emerges during repair of the gastric epithelium after injury, where it is coexpressed with other markers of SPEM. The regulatory mechanisms for the emergence of CD44v9 and the role of CD44v9 during the process of gastric epithelial regeneration are largely unknown. Inflammation and M2 macrophage infiltration have recently been demonstrated to play key roles in the induction of SPEM after injury. The following review proposes new insights into the functional role of metaplasia in the process of gastric regeneration in response to ulceration. Our insights are extrapolated from documented studies reporting oxyntic atrophy and SPEM development and our current unpublished findings using the acetic acid-induced gastric injury model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Teal
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Martha Dua-Awereh
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Sabrina T Hirshorn
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Yana Zavros
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most lethal and prevalent malignancies in the world and was responsible for nearly 881,000 cancer-related deaths in 2018. Surgery and chemotherapy have long been the first choices for cancer patients. However, the prognosis of CRC has never been satisfying, especially for patients with metastatic lesions. Targeted therapy is a new optional approach that has successfully prolonged overall survival for CRC patients. Following successes with the anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) agent cetuximab and the anti-angiogenesis agent bevacizumab, new agents blocking different critical pathways as well as immune checkpoints are emerging at an unprecedented rate. Guidelines worldwide are currently updating the recommended targeted drugs on the basis of the increasing number of high-quality clinical trials. This review provides an overview of existing CRC-targeted agents and their underlying mechanisms, as well as a discussion of their limitations and future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hong Xie
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, 200001, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Xuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, 200001, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, 200001, Shanghai, China.
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Basha M, Salama A, Noshi SH. Soluplus® based solid dispersion as fast disintegrating tablets: a combined experimental approach for enhancing the dissolution and antiulcer efficacy of famotidine. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:253-263. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1716376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Basha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shereen H. Noshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Cairo, Egypt
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Gao F, Chen X, Zhang J. Prevalence of Gastric and Small-Intestinal Mucosal Injury in Elderly Patients Taking Enteric-Coated Aspirin by Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019:1582590. [PMID: 31781185 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1582590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate aspirin-related gastric and small-intestinal mucosal injury in elderly patients by magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (MCCE). Methods Patients taking enteric-coated aspirin attending the outpatient department of Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, from September 2017 to July 2019 underwent MCCE to assess injury to the gastric and small-intestinal mucosa. The patients were divided into the elderly group (age ≥ 60 years) and middle-aged group (45 years ≤ age < 60 years), and their clinical data were evaluated. Results Sixty-eight patients (34 per group) taking enteric-coated aspirin were recruited, and the elderly and middle-aged groups did not differ significantly in sex, history of smoking, history of alcohol consumption, body mass index, or accompanying diseases. In the elderly and middle-aged groups, the gastric Lanza scores were 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) and 2.0 (1.0, 3.0; P = 0.192), the numbers of patients with small-intestinal mucosal injuries (at least one erosion and/or ulcer) were 30 (88.2%) and 15 (44.1%; P < 0.001), the numbers of patients with more severe small-intestinal mucosal injuries (larger erosion and/or ulcer) were 11 (32.4%) and 3 (8.8%; P = 0.033), the numbers of patients with ileal erosion were 22 (64.7%) and 8 (23.5%; P = 0.001), and the durations of aspirin use were 30.0 (12.0, 120.0) and 10.5 (2.0–48.0) months (P = 0.007), respectively. Conclusions The rate of small-intestinal mucosal injury was significantly higher in elderly than in middle-aged patients taking enteric-coated aspirin, especially the rate of ileal erosion. MCCE enables the monitoring of aspirin-related gastric and small-intestinal mucosal injury in elderly patients, which can guide treatment decision making.
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Moawad H, El Awdan SA, Sallam NA, El-Eraky WI, Alkhawlani MA. Gastroprotective effect of cilostazol against ethanol- and pylorus ligation–induced gastric lesions in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:1605-1616. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01699-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Lee JG, Kim SA, Eun CS, Han DS, Kim YS, Choi BY, Song KS, Kim HJ, Park CH. Impact of age on stage-specific mortality in patients with gastric cancer: A long-term prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220660. [PMID: 31369631 PMCID: PMC6675285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Controversies exist regarding the impact of age on gastric cancer-related mortality according to cancer stage. In our prospective cohort study, we evaluated the impact of age on stage-specific mortality in patients with gastric cancer. Between 2002 and 2006, patients with newly diagnosed gastric cancer were recruited from two university-affiliated hospitals in Korea. Follow-up data were updated regularly based on medical records and telephone surveys. Patients were classified into four subgroups according to age: <50, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years. A total of 448 patients were followed up for 81.6 months (interquartile range, 25.0-139.3 months). The number of patients with stage I, II, III, and IV disease was 247, 74, 88, and 39, respectively. Overall, age was an independent risk factor for gastric cancer-specific mortality (hazard ratio [HR], [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.53 [0.91-2.57], 1.88 [1.21-2.91], and 2.64 [1.69-4.14] in the 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years groups, respectively, with the <50 years group as reference). In patients with stage I and II gastric cancer, the 70-79 years group was associated with a significantly higher rate of cancer-specific mortality than the <50 years group (stage I: HR [95% CI], 9.55 [2.11-43.12]; stage II: HR [95% CI], 7.17 [2.32-22.18]). However, age was not an independently associated factor for cancer-specific mortality in patients with stage III and IV gastric cancer. Although age was an independent risk factor for gastric cancer-related mortality in patients with gastric cancer, its impact may differ depending on the stage of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Gon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Shin Ah Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Chang Soo Eun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Dong Soo Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Yong Sung Kim
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
- Korea & Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bo Youl Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Sang Song
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Ja Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
- * E-mail: (HJK); (CHP)
| | - Chan Hyuk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
- * E-mail: (HJK); (CHP)
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Yin J, Yi J, Yang C, Xu B, Lin J, Hu H, Wu X, Shi H, Fei X. Weiqi Decoction Attenuated Chronic Atrophic Gastritis with Precancerous Lesion through Regulating Microcirculation Disturbance and HIF-1 α Signaling Pathway. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2019; 2019:2651037. [PMID: 31320912 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2651037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aim Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), the precancerous lesions of gastric cancer, plays an important role in the stepwise process of gastric cancer. The ancient Chinese medicine believes in that Qi deficiency and blood stasis are involved in the pathogenesis of CAG. Weiqi decoction, a classical formula from Longhua Hospital, could supplement Qi and activate blood circulation of human beings and has been used for treating CAG in clinic over twenty years. The study aims to clarify the effect and underlying molecular mechanism of Weiqi decoction on CAG rats. Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided randomly into six groups: control group, model group, folic acid group, and WQD-treated groups at doses of 4 g/kg, 2 g/kg, and 1 g/kg, with eight rats in each group. MNNG and saturated NaCl were used to induce CAG rat with precancerous lesion (intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia). After 40 weeks, gastric mucosal blood flow was measured using Laser Doppler Flowmetry. The pathological changes of the gastric mucosa were identified by H&E staining and AB-PAS staining. The protein expression of COX-2, HIF-1α, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, Ki67, and cleaved caspase 3 in the gastric tissues was measured by western blotting approach. Gene expression of COX-2, HIF-1α, VEGF, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, Ang-1, and Ang-2 was detected by using Quantitative PCR method. The PGE2 concentrations in serum were detected by ELISA method. The protein expression of Ki67 in gastric mucosa was also detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with control rats, atrophy and intestinal metaplasia as well as the microcirculation disturbance of gastric mucosa were induced in the stomach of CAG rats identified by the H&E and AB-PAS staining as well as microcirculation measurement, which could be significantly attenuated by WQD treatment. Moreover, compared with the control group, the protein and gene expression of COX-2, HIF-1α, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 in gastric tissues of pylorus was obviously increased and the serum PGE2 level was significantly deceased in CAG rats, which could be significantly counteracted by WQD administration. However, the gene expression of Ang-1 and Ang-2 was not significant difference between control rats and CAG rats, and WQD also had no significant effect on the gene expression of Ang-1 and Ang-2. Furthermore, the increased cell proliferation marked by upregulated protein expression of Ki67 and decreased cell apoptosis marked by downregulated protein expression of cleaved caspase 3 in stomach of pylorus in CAG rats were obviously reversed by WQD treatment. Conclusion WQD attenuated CAG with precancerous lesion through regulating gastric mucosal blood flow disturbance and HIF-1α signaling pathway.
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Prakash R, Izraely S, Thareja NS, Lee RH, Rappaport M, Kawaguchi R, Sagi-Assif O, Ben-Menachem S, Meshel T, Machnicki M, Ohe S, Hoon DS, Coppola G, Witz IP, Carmichael ST. Regeneration Enhances Metastasis: A Novel Role for Neurovascular Signaling in Promoting Melanoma Brain Metastasis. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:297. [PMID: 31024232 PMCID: PMC6465799 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural repair after stroke involves initiation of a cellular proliferative program in the form of angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and molecular growth signals in the surrounding tissue elements. This cellular environment constitutes a niche in which regeneration of new blood vessels and new neurons leads to partial tissue repair after stroke. Cancer metastasis has similar proliferative cellular events in the brain and other organs. Do cancer and CNS tissue repair share similar cellular processes? In this study, we identify a novel role of the regenerative neurovascular niche induced by stroke in promoting brain melanoma metastasis through enhancing cellular interactions with surrounding niche components. Repair-mediated neurovascular signaling induces metastatic cells to express genes crucial to metastasis. Mimicking stroke-like conditions in vitro displays an enhancement of metastatic migration potential and allows for the determination of cell-specific signals produced by the regenerative neurovascular niche. Comparative analysis of both in vitro and in vivo expression profiles reveals a major contribution of endothelial cells in mediating melanoma metastasis. These results point to a previously undiscovered role of the regenerative neurovascular niche in shaping the tumor microenvironment and brain metastatic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshini Prakash
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sivan Izraely
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nikita S Thareja
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rex H Lee
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Maya Rappaport
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Orit Sagi-Assif
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shlomit Ben-Menachem
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tsipi Meshel
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Machnicki
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shuichi Ohe
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, United States
| | - Dave S Hoon
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, United States
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Isaac P Witz
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - S Thomas Carmichael
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Magierowska K, Bakalarz D, Wójcik D, Chmura A, Hubalewska-Mazgaj M, Licholai S, Korbut E, Kwiecien S, Sliwowski Z, Ginter G, Brzozowski T, Magierowski M. Time-dependent course of gastric ulcer healing and molecular markers profile modulated by increased gastric mucosal content of carbon monoxide released from its pharmacological donor. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:71-83. [PMID: 30753813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Besides hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) contributes to the maintenance of gastric mucosal integrity. We investigated increased CO bioavailability effects on time-dependent dynamics of gastric ulcer healing mediated by particular growth factors, anti-inflammatory and molecular pathways. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Wistar rats with gastric ulcers induced by serosal acetic acid application (day 0) were treated i.g. throughout 3, 6 or 14 days with vehicle or CO-releasing tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (CORM-2, 2.5 mg/kg). Gross and microscopic alterations in gastric ulcer size and gastric blood flow (GBF) at ulcer margin were determined by planimetry, histology and laser flowmetry, respectively. Gastric mRNA/protein expressions of platelet derived growth factors (PDGFA-D), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), epidermal growth factor (EGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) and their receptors, heme oxygenases (HMOX), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf-2), cyclooxygenase (COX-2), hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α, anti-inflammatory annexin-1 and transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) were assessed by real-time PCR or Western blot. TGF-β1-3 and IL-10 plasma concentration were measured using Luminex platform. Prostaglandin E2 content at ulcer margin was assessed by ELISA. KEY RESULTS CORM-2 decreased ulcer area and increased GBF after 6 and 14 days of treatment comparing to vehicle. CO donor upregulated HGF, HGFr, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, TGF-β1, annexin-1 and maintained increased IGF-1, PDGFC and EGF expression at various time-intervals of ulcer healing. TGF-β3 and IL-10 plasma concentration were significantly increased after COMR-2 vs. vehicle. CONCLUSIONS CO time-dependently accelerates gastric ulcer healing and raises GBF at ulcer margin by mechanism involving subsequent upregulation of anti-inflammatory, growth promoting and angiogenic factors response, not observed physiologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Magierowska
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Dominik Bakalarz
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland; Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Research, 9 Westerplatte Street, 31-033 Cracow, Poland
| | - Dagmara Wójcik
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Chmura
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Hubalewska-Mazgaj
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Sabina Licholai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Clinical Genetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska Street, 31-066 Cracow, Poland
| | - Edyta Korbut
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Slawomir Kwiecien
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Sliwowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Ginter
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Magierowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.
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Kroeze SGC, Fritz C, Basler L, Gkika E, Brunner TB, Grosu AL, Guckenberger M. Combination of stereotactic radiotherapy and targeted therapy: patterns-of-care survey in German-speaking countries. Strahlenther Onkol 2019; 195:199-206. [DOI: 10.1007/s00066-018-01422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Oliveira AP, Souza LKM, Araújo TSL, Araújo SD, Nogueira KM, Sousa FBM, Silva RO, Pacífico DM, Martins CS, Brito GADC, Souza MHLP, Medeiros JVR. Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Protects against Gastric Damage Induced by Ethanol Administration in Mice: Role of TRPV1/Substance P Axis. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11010208. [PMID: 30669695 PMCID: PMC6356937 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (DSM) on ethanol-induced gastric injury, and if its possible mechanism of action is related to inhibiting the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1). We evaluated the effect of supplementing 10⁸ CFU•g body wt-1•day-1 of DSM on ethanol-induced gastric injury. DSM significantly reduced the ulcer area (1.940 ± 1.121 mm²) with 3 days of pretreatment. The effects of DSM supplementation were reversed by Resiniferatoxin (RTX), TRPV1 agonist (3 nmol/kg p.o.). Substance P (SP) (1 μmol/L per 20 g) plus 50% ethanol resulted in hemorrhagic lesions, and DSM supplementation did not reverse the lesion area induced by administering SP. TRPV1 staining intensity was lower, SP, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite levels were reduced, and restored normal levels of antioxidant parameters (glutathione and superoxide dismutase) in the gastric mucosa in mice treated with DSM. In conclusion, DSM exhibited gastroprotective activity through decreased expression of TRPV1 receptor and decreasing SP levels, with a consequent reduction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Luan K M Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Thiago S L Araújo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Simone de Araújo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Kerolayne M Nogueira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Francisca Beatriz M Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Renan O Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, CEP 60430-270, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Dvison M Pacífico
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, CEP 60430-170, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil.
| | - Conceição S Martins
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, CEP 60430-170, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil.
| | - Gerly Anne de C Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, CEP 60430-170, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil.
| | - Marcellus H L P Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, CEP 60430-270, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Jand Venes R Medeiros
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
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Aksoy EK, Sapmaz F, Doğan Ö, Albuz Ö, Uzman M, Nazlıgül Y. Can serum progranulin levels be a biomarker following gastric ulcer therapy? Prz Gastroenterol 2018; 13:313-21. [PMID: 30581506 DOI: 10.5114/pg.2018.79812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Progranulin is a novel growth factor that has several physiological and pathological roles such as cell growth, tumourigenesis, embryogenesis, wound healing, and inflammation. Aim To compare the pre-treatment and post-treatment serum levels of the angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and progranulin in peptic ulcer (PU) patients with a healthy control group. Material and methods Serum VEGF, TNF-α, and progranulin levels were studied with ELISA in 42 PU patients (antral ulcer (AU): 22, duodenal ulcer (DU): 20) and 15 healthy controls. Results The serum progranulin levels before treatment were 4237.35 ±1091.30 pg/ml in the patients with AU, 4682.64 ±1501.46 pg/ml in the patients with DU, 3055.66 ±626.88 pg/ml in the control group, and 4460 ±1315 pg/ml in the ulcer (AU and DU) group. The serum progranulin levels were 3607.7 ±869.4 pg/ml in the AU group, 4286.5 ±1208.78 pg/ml in the DU group, and 3947.1 ±1094.64 pg/ml in the ulcer group after the treatment. When comparing pre-treatment serum progranulin levels of the AU group, DU group, and ulcer group with the control group there were statistically significant differences (p < 0.001, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, respectively). Conclusions The disappearance of the difference in terms of post-treatment serum levels of progranulin between the AU group and the control group suggests that serum levels of progranulin can be used as a biomarker of gastric ulcer healing.
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Zeng J, Yan R, Pan H, You F, Cai T, Liu W, Zheng C, Zhao Z, Gong D, Chen L, Zhang Y. Weipixiao attenuate early angiogenesis in rats with gastric precancerous lesions. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:250. [PMID: 30200948 PMCID: PMC6131880 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is a pathobiological hallmark of gastric cancer. However, rare studies focus on angiogenesis in gastric precancerous lesions (GPL). Weipixiao (WPX), a Chinese herbal preparation, is proved clinically effective in treating GPL. Here, we evaluated WPX's anti-angiogenic potential for GPL, and also investigated the possibility of its anti-angiogenic mechanisms. METHODS HPLC analysis was applied to screen the major chemical components of WPX. After modeling N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced GPL in male Sprague-Dawley rats, different doses of WPX were administrated orally for 10 weeks. Next, we performed histopathological examination using routine H&E staining and HID-AB-PAS staining. In parallel, we assessed angiogenesis revealed by microvessel density (MVD) using CD34 immunostaining, and subsequently observe microvessel ultrastructure in gastric mucosa under Transmission Electron Microscope. Finally, we detect expression of angiogenesis-associated markers VEGF and HIF-1α using immunohistochemistry. Moreover, mRNA expressions of ERK1, ERK2, Cylin D1 as well as HIF-1α in gastric mucosa were determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We observed the appearance of active angiogenesis in GPL rats, and demonstrated that WPX could reduce microvascular abnormalities and attenuate early angiogenesis in most of GPL specimens with a concomitant regression of most intestinal metaplasia (IM) and a portion of gastric epithelial dysplasia (GED). In parallel, WPX could suppress HIF-1α mRNA expression (P < 0.01) as well as protein expression (although without statistical significance), and could markedly inhibit VEGF protein expression in GPL rats. Mechanistically, WPX intervention, especially at low dose, caused a significant decrease in the ERK1 and Cylin D1 mRNA levels. However, WPX might probably have no regulatory effect on ERK2 amplification. CONCLUSIONS WPX could attenuate early angiogenesis and temper microvascular abnormalities in GPL rats. This might be partly achieved by inhibiting on the angiogenesis-associated markers HIF-1α and VEGF, and on the ERK1/Cylin D1 aberrant activation.
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Jin M, Li C, Zhang Q, Xing S, Kan X, Wang J. Effects of aspirin on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of Hep-2 cells via the PTEN/AKT/NF-κB/survivin signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8454-8460. [PMID: 29805582 PMCID: PMC5950550 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin may exhibit antitumor activities, as it is able to inhibit cell proliferation. However, the ability of aspirin to inhibit cellular proliferation in Hep-2 cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms have been poorly determined. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether aspirin may induce cell apoptosis in the neoplastic cell line Hep-2. The effects of aspirin on the migratory and invasive abilities of Hep-2 cells were also investigated using Transwell assays. In the present study, it was demonstrated that aspirin induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion in Hep-2 cells. Aspirin also significantly decreased the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and caspase-3, and increased the expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein, suggesting that aspirin induced apoptosis through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Hep-2 cells treated with aspirin exhibited a significant upregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and decreased levels of phosphorylated protein kinase B (AKT). However, the total amount of AKT protein was not altered in response to aspirin treatment. Furthermore, the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and survivin, which are the downstream targets of the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway, was inhibited. These results indicated that the molecular mechanism underlying the antitumor effects of aspirin may be associated with the inhibition of tumor invasion and induction of apoptosis by regulating the activity of the PTEN/AKT/NF-κB/survivin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingji Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Daqing Longnan Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163453, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
| | - Shu Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Kan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
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Horikawa Y, Mizutamari H, Mimori N, Kato Y, Fushimi S, Sato S, Okubo S. Short-term efficacy of potassium-competitive acid blocker following gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: a propensity score analysis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2018; 53:243-251. [PMID: 29214885 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2017.1410569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a promising method for the resection of superficial gastric neoplasms. Vonoprazan is a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB) that is currently considered as a potential alternative to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for the treatment of acid-related diseases. However, the utility of vonoprazan in ESD-related ulcers is unclear. Therefore, we compared the short-term efficacies of vonoprazan and the PPI lansoprazole in ESD-related ulcer healing during the first two weeks following intervention. METHODS This study included 115 superficial gastric neoplasms that were treated by ESD at Hiraka General Hospital between April 2015 and January 2017. Patients treated with P-CAB (20 mg vonoprazan, n = 62) or PPI (30 mg lansoprazole, n = 53) were compared using propensity-score matching analysis. Primary outcome was rate of ulcer reduction at two weeks after ESD. Secondary outcomes were coverage ratio of ulcer base by granulation tissue and incidence of postoperative bleeding. RESULTS The rate of ulcer reduction was significantly higher (median [range], 80.6% [67.6%-94.5%] vs. 62.7% [33.4%-85.2%]; p < .0001) and coverage ratio of the ulcer base by granulation tissue was significantly accelerated (median [range], 84.1% [67.7%-95.3%] vs. 61.9% [12.1%-90.1%]; P < 0.0001) in the P-CAB group compared with the PPI group. Postoperative bleeding was not observed in either group. CONCLUSIONS P-CAB achieved rapid artificial ulcer healing with promotion of granulation tissue formation. However, conventional PPI with initial intravenous infusion might be sufficient for prevention of postoperative bleeding following gastric ESD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Horikawa
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hiraka General Hospital , Yokote Akita , Japan
| | - Hiroya Mizutamari
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hiraka General Hospital , Yokote Akita , Japan
| | - Nobuya Mimori
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hiraka General Hospital , Yokote Akita , Japan
| | - Yuhei Kato
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hiraka General Hospital , Yokote Akita , Japan
| | - Saki Fushimi
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hiraka General Hospital , Yokote Akita , Japan
| | - Sayaka Sato
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hiraka General Hospital , Yokote Akita , Japan
| | - Syunji Okubo
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hiraka General Hospital , Yokote Akita , Japan
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Wu JZ, Liu YH, Liang JL, Huang QH, Dou YX, Nie J, Zhuo JY, Wu X, Chen JN, Su ZR, Wu QD. Protective role of β-patchoulene from Pogostemon cablin against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats: Involvement of anti-inflammation and angiogenesis. Phytomedicine 2018; 39:111-118. [PMID: 29433672 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are most widely used as effective anti-inflammatory agents. However, their clinical application brings about inevasible gastrointestinal side effects. Pogostemon cablin is a traditional herbal medicine used for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases in China. One of its representative components, the tricyclic triterpenoid β-patchoulone (β-PAE) has demonstrated great anti-inflammatory activity and gastroprotective effect against ethanol-induced gastric injury, but its protective effect against gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin is still unknown. PURPOSE To assess the protective effect of β-PAE against ulcer produced by indomethacin and reveal the underlying pharmacological mechanism. STUDY DESIGN We used an indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model of rats in vivo. METHODS Gastroprotective activity of β-PAE (10, 20, 40 mg/kg, i.g.) was estimated via indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Histopathological and histochemical assessment of ulcerated tissues were performed. Protein and mRNA expression were determined by Elisa, Western blotting and qRT-PCR. RESULTS β-PAE could inhibit ulcer formation. Histopathological and histochemical assessment macroscopically demonstrated that β-PAE alleviates indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in dose-dependent manner. After administration of β-PAE, elevated tumor necrosis factor -α level was significantly decreased and the phosphorylation of JNK and IκB was markedly inhibited. β-PAE suppressed the levels of E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, as well as myeloperoxidase. Meanwhile, β-PAE increased cyclooxygenase enzyme activities (COX-1 and COX-2) to enhance the production of prostaglandin E2. Proangiogenic protein, vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 mRNA expression were promoted while anti-angiogenic protein, endostatin-1 and its receptor ETAR mRNA expression were decreased. CONCLUSION β-PAE may provide gastroprotection in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats by reducing inflammatory response and improving angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Zhen Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jia-Li Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Qiong-Hui Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yao-Xing Dou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Juan Nie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jian-Yi Zhuo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jian-Nan Chen
- Higher Education Institute & Development Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Qi-Duan Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
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Ahluwalia A, Jones MK, Hoa N, Zhu E, Brzozowski T, Tarnawski AS. Reduced NGF in Gastric Endothelial Cells Is One of the Main Causes of Impaired Angiogenesis in Aging Gastric Mucosa. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 6:199-213. [PMID: 29992182 PMCID: PMC6037903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Aging gastric mucosa has increased susceptibility to injury and delayed healing owing to impaired angiogenesis, but the mechanisms are not fully known. We examined whether impairment of angiogenesis in aging gastric mucosa is caused by deficiency of nerve growth factor (NGF) in gastric endothelial cells (ECs), and whether NGF therapy could reverse this impairment. METHODS In gastric mucosal ECs (GECs) isolated from young and aging rats we examined the following: (1) in vitro angiogenesis, (2) NGF expression, and (3) the effect of NGF treatment on angiogenesis, GEC proliferation and migration, and dependence on serum response factor. In in vivo studies in young and aging rats, we examined NGF expression in gastric mucosa and the effect of NGF treatment on angiogenesis and gastric ulcer healing. To determine human relevance, we examined NGF expression in gastric mucosal biopsy specimens of aging (≥70 y) and young (≤40 y) individuals. RESULTS In cultured aging GECs, NGF expression and angiogenesis were reduced significantly by 3.0-fold and 4.1-fold vs young GECs. NGF therapy reversed impairment of angiogenesis in aging GECs, and serum response factor silencing completely abolished this response. In gastric mucosa of aging rats, NGF expression in GECs was reduced significantly vs young rats. In aging rats, local NGF treatment significantly increased angiogenesis and accelerated gastric ulcer healing. In aging human subjects, NGF expression in ECs of gastric mucosal vessels was 5.5-fold reduced vs young individuals. CONCLUSIONS NGF deficiency in ECs is a key mechanism underlying impaired angiogenesis and delayed ulcer healing in aging gastric mucosa. Local NGF therapy can reverse these impairments.
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Key Words
- Aging
- Akt, serine threonine kinase signaling protein
- Angiogenesis
- BrdU, bromodeoxyuridine
- EC, endothelial cell
- Endothelial Cells
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- GEC, gastric mucosal microvascular endothelial cells isolated from rats
- GU, gastric ulcer
- Gene Therapy
- LV-GFP, lentiviral green fluorescent protein
- LV-NGF, lentiviral nerve growth factor
- NGF, nerve growth factor
- NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
- Nerve Growth Factor
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- PI3, phosphoinositide-3
- SRF, serum response factor
- Ulcer Healing
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- mRNA, messenger RNA
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Ahluwalia
- Medical and Research Services, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California
| | - Michael K. Jones
- Medical and Research Services, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Neil Hoa
- Medical and Research Services, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California
| | - Ercheng Zhu
- Medical and Research Services, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California
| | - Tomasz Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej S. Tarnawski
- Medical and Research Services, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
- Correspondence Address correspondence to: Andrzej S. Tarnawski, MD, PhD, AGAF, FACG, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, 5901 East 7th Street, 09/151, Long Beach, California 90822. fax: (562) 826-5675.
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Liu W, Shang P, Liu T, Xu H, Ren D, Zhou W, Wen A, Ding Y. Gastroprotective effects of chebulagic acid against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 278:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Bertaux-Skeirik N, Wunderlich M, Teal E, Chakrabarti J, Biesiada J, Mahe M, Sundaram N, Gabre J, Hawkins J, Jian G, Engevik AC, Yang L, Wang J, Goldenring JR, Qualls JE, Medvedovic M, Helmrath MA, Diwan T, Mulloy JC, Zavros Y. CD44 variant isoform 9 emerges in response to injury and contributes to the regeneration of the gastric epithelium. J Pathol 2017; 242:463-475. [PMID: 28497484 DOI: 10.1002/path.4918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The CD44 gene encodes several protein isoforms due to alternative splicing and post translational modifications. Given that CD44 variant isoform 9 (CD44v9) is expressed within Spasmolytic Polypeptide/TFF2-Expressing Metaplasia (SPEM) glands during repair, CD44v9 may be play a funcitonal role during the process of regeneration of the gastric epithelium. Here we hypothesize that CD44v9 marks a regenerative cell lineage responsive to infiltrating macrophages during regeneration of the gastric epithelium. Ulcers were induced in CD44-deficient (CD44KO) and C57BL/6 (BL6) mice by a localized application of acetic acid to the serosal surface of the stomach. Gastric organoids expressing CD44v9 were derived from mouse stomachs and transplanted at the ulcer site of CD44KO mice. Ulcers, CD44v9 expression, proliferation and histology were measured 1, 3, 5 and 7-days post-injury. Human-derived gastric organoids were generated from stomach tissue collected from elderly (>55 years) or young (14-20 years) patients. Organoids were transplanted into the stomachs of NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice at the site of injury. Gastric injury was induced in NRG-SGM3 (NRGS) mice harboring human-derived immune cells (hnNRGS) and the immune profile anlayzed by CyTOF. CD44v9 expression emerged within regenerating glands the ulcer margin in response to injury. While ulcers in BL6 mice healed within 7-days post-injury, CD44KO mice exhibited loss of repair and epithelial regeneration. Ulcer healing was promoted in CD44KO mice by transplanted CD55v9-expressing gastric organoids. NSG mice exhibited loss of CD44v9 expression and gastric repair. Transplantation of human-derived gastric organoids from young, but not aged stomachs promoted repair in NSG mouse stomachs in response to injury. Finally, compared to NRGS mice, huNRGS animals exhibited reduced ulcer sizes, an infiltration of human CD162+ macrophages and an emergence of CD44v9 expression in SPEM. Thus, during repair of the gastic epithelium CD44v9 emerges within a regenerative cell lineage that coincides with macrophage inflitration within the injured mucosa. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bertaux-Skeirik
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mark Wunderlich
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Emma Teal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jayati Chakrabarti
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jacek Biesiada
- Department of Environmental Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maxime Mahe
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nambirajan Sundaram
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joel Gabre
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer Hawkins
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gao Jian
- Department of Pediatrics, WF Maternal and Child Health Hospital, 76 Qingnian Road, Weifang, 261011, PR China
| | - Amy C Engevik
- Nashville VA Medical Center and Departments of Surgery and Cell and Developmental Biology and the Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James R Goldenring
- Nashville VA Medical Center and Departments of Surgery and Cell and Developmental Biology and the Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joseph E Qualls
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Department of Environmental Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michael A Helmrath
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tayyab Diwan
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James C Mulloy
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yana Zavros
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Kwon DY, Kang ES, Kang S, Park S. Gastroprotective actions of Taraxacum coreanum Nakai water extracts in ethanol-induced rat models of acute and chronic gastritis. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 208:84-93. [PMID: 28687507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Taraxacum coreanum Nakai has been traditionally used for treating inflammatory diseases including gastrointestinal diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY We studied whether water extracts of Taraxacum coreanum Nakai (TCN) had a protective effect on acute and chronic gastritis induced by ethanol/HCl in an animal model of gastritis and its mechanism was also explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the acute study, rats were orally administered 0.15g/mL dextrin (normal-control), 0.15g/mL dextrin (control), 0.05g/mL TCN (TCN-L), 0.15g/mL TCN (TCN-H), or 0.01g/mL omeprazole (orally; positive-control), followed by oral administration of 1mL of 60% ethanol plus 150mM HCl (inducer). In the chronic study, rats were administered 10% diluted inducer in drinking water, and 0.6% dextrin, 0.2% or 0.6% TCN, and 0.05% omeprazole were administered in chow for 4 weeks. Acid content, gastric structure, oxidative stress, and markers of inflammation in the stomach tissue were measured at the end of experiment. RESULTS Acute and chronic ethanol/HCl administration caused the inner layer of the stomach to redden, hemorrhage, and edema in the control group; TCN-H reduced these symptoms more effectively than did the omeprazole positive-control. Acid production and total acidity in the stomach increased in the control group, which was markedly suppressed by omeprazole. TCN also reduced the acid production and acidity, but not to the same degree as omeprazole. H-E and PAS staining revealed that in the inner layer of the stomach, cellular structure was disrupted, with an increased nuclear size and thickness, disarrangement, and decreased mucin in the control group. TCN prevented the cellular disruption in the inner layer, and TCN-H was more effective than the positive-control. This was associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. TCN dose-dependently reduced the infiltration of mast cells and TNF-α expression in the inner layer of the stomach, and decreased lipid peroxides by increasing superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase expression. CONCLUSIONS TCN-H acutely and chronically protected against gastritis and gastric ulcer by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, not by completely suppressing gastric acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jeong Yang
- Food Functional Research Division, Korean Food Research Institutes, Sungnam, South Korea.
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Food Functional Research Division, Korean Food Research Institutes, Sungnam, South Korea.
| | - Dae Young Kwon
- Food Functional Research Division, Korean Food Research Institutes, Sungnam, South Korea.
| | - Eun Seon Kang
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
| | - Suna Kang
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
| | - Sunmin Park
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
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48
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Kalayci M, Kocdor MA, Kuloglu T, Sahin İ, Sarac M, Aksoy A, Yardim M, Dalkilic S, Gursu O, Aydin S, Akkoc RF, Ugras M, Artas G, Ozercan İH, Ugur K, Aydin S. Comparison of the therapeutic effects of sildenafil citrate, heparin and neuropeptides in a rat model of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer. Life Sci 2017; 186:102-10. [PMID: 28807720 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of our investigative work has been to determine whether there can be therapeutic roles in the administration of sildenafil citrate, heparin and several neuropeptides on an animal model where gastric ulcers were induced with acetic acid, and to compare their efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animals were divided into 13 groups, with 4 animals in each. Gastric ulcers was induced in the animals of 12 groups with one untreated group being left as the control (Group I - control; given normal saline (NS)). The other groups were: Group II (ulcer+NS); Group III (5mg/kg sildenafil citrate, low dose); Group IV (10mg/kg sildenafil citrate, high dose); Group V (0.6mg/kg heparin, low dose); Group VI (6mg/kg heparin, high dose); Group VII (20nmol/kg des-acyl ghrelin); Group VIII (40nmol/kg des-acyl ghrelin); Group IX (4nmol/kg acyl ghrelin); Group X (8nmol/kg acly ghrelin); Group XI (20pmol/kg Nesfatin-1); Group XII (15nmol/kg Obestatin) and Group XIII (5nmol/kg Neuropeptide Y). Gastric neuropeptide expression was measured using an immunohistochemical method, and the amount in circulation was detected using ELISA. To compare with no treatment, the controls and other treatment groups, we recorded loss of the surface epithelium of the stomach, erosion, bleeding and inflammatory cell infiltration in the upper halves of the gastric glands. KEY FINDINGS The muscularis and the layers beneath it were, however, apparently normal. The gastric mucosa healed with little or no inflammation when sildenafil citrate, low dose heparin, ghrelin, NUCB2/Nesfatin-1, obestatin, Neuropeptide Y were administered. SIGNIFICANCE Overall the data indicate that low dose heparin, and especially sildenafil citrate and neuropeptides, can be used clinically as an alternative approach in the treatment of the gastric ulcer.
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49
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Birsen İ, Gemici B, Acar N, Üstünel İ, İzgüt-Uysal VN. The role of apelin in the healing of water-immersion and restraint stress-induced gastric damage. J Physiol Sci 2017; 67:373-385. [PMID: 27369695 PMCID: PMC10717744 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-016-0469-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the role of apelin in the healing of gastric lesions induced by stress. Male Wistar rats were exposed to water immersion and restraint stress (WIRS) for 6 h with or without the apelin receptor antagonist F13A. The rats were killed on the 1st, 3rd, 5th or 10th day after the end of stress induction. Apelin and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression was increased on the 1st day after the end of stress exposure and was decreased daily thereafter. However, F13A retarded the healing of gastric lesions by preventing the improvement of mucosal blood flow, prostaglandin E2 production and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in rats exposed to WIRS. Additionally, F13A increased the gastric 4-hydroxynonenol + malondialdehyde content on the 1st and 3rd days after the end of stress induction but did not affect the change in gastric mucosal nitric oxide levels. In conclusion, apelin may be a regulatory protein involved in the healing mechanism of stress-induced gastric damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Birsen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Burcu Gemici
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Nuray Acar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - İsmail Üstünel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - V Nimet İzgüt-Uysal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey.
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50
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Chen BY, Chen D, Lyu JX, Li KQ, Jiang MM, Zeng JJ, He XJ, Hao K, Tao HQ, Mou XZ, Ying YM, Zhang W, Zhu MH, Wang Z. Marsdeniae tenacissimae extract (MTE) suppresses cell proliferation by attenuating VEGF/VEGFR2 interactions and promotes apoptosis through regulating PKC pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 14:922-930. [PMID: 28262119 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Marsdeniae tenacissimae extract (MTE), commonly known as Xiao-Ai-Ping in China, is a traditional Chinese herb medicine capable of inhibiting proliferation and metastasis and boosting apoptosis in various cancer cells. However, little is known about the contribution of MTE towards tumor angiogenesis and the underlying mechanism. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of MTE on the proliferation and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the molecular mechanism. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfopheny)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt (MTS) and PI-stained flow cytometry assays revealed that MTE dose-dependently reduced the proliferation of HUVECs by arresting cell cycle at S phase (P < 0.05). Annexin V-FITC/PI-stained flow cytometry confirmed that MTE (160 μL·L-1) enhanced the apoptosis of HUVECs significantly (P < 0.001). Real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses showed an increase in Bax expression and a sharply decline in Bcl-2 expression; caspase-3 was activated simultaneously in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Further study observed the dose-dependent down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), P2Y6 receptor (P2Y6R), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL-2), along with the activation of PKC Δ and up-regulation of p53 in a dose-dependent manner in MTE-treated selected cells (P < 0.05). Collectively, the results from the present study suggested that MTE suppressed the proliferation by attenuating CCL-2-mediated VEGF/VEGFR2 interactions and promoted the apoptosis through PKCΔ-induced p53-dependent mitochondrial pathway in HUVECs, supporting that MTE may be developed as a potent anti-cancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Yu Chen
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Jian-Xin Lyu
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China; School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Kai-Qiang Li
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Meng-Meng Jiang
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China; School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zeng
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China; School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xu-Jun He
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ke Hao
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hou-Quan Tao
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiao-Zhou Mou
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - You-Min Ying
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Meng-Hua Zhu
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China; School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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