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Liu AM, Mirle V, Lee C, Hynes K, Dirschl DR, Strelzow J. Forgetting the Frail: National Trends in Vitamin D Prescription After Fragility Fracture-A Large Insurance Claims Database Study. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2024; 32:464-471. [PMID: 38484091 DOI: 10.5435/jaaos-d-23-00932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D plays a critical role in bone health, affecting bone mineral density and fracture healing. Insufficient serum vitamin D levels are associated with increased fracture rates. Despite guidelines advocating vitamin D supplementation, little is known about the prescription rates after fragility fractures. This study aims to characterize vitamin D prescription rates after three common fragility fractures in patients older than 50 years and explore potential factors influencing prescription rates. METHODS The study used the PearlDiver Database, identifying patients older than 50 years with hip fractures, spinal compression fractures, or distal radius fractures between 2010 and 2020. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and vitamin D prescription rates were analyzed. Statistical methods included chi-square analysis and univariate and multivariable analyses. RESULTS A total of 3,214,294 patients with fragility fractures were included. Vitamin D prescriptions increased from 2.50% to nearly 6% for all fracture types from 2010 to 2020. Regional variations existed, with the Midwest having the highest prescription rate (4.25%) and the West the lowest (3.31%). Patients with comorbidities such as diabetes, tobacco use, obesity, female sex, age older than 60 years, and osteoporosis were more likely to receive vitamin D prescriptions. DISCUSSION Despite a notable increase in vitamin D prescriptions after fragility fractures, the absolute rates remain low. Patient comorbidities influenced prescription rates, perhaps indicating growing awareness of the link between vitamin D deficiency and these conditions. However, individuals older than 60 years, a high-risk group, were markedly less likely to receive prescriptions, possibly because of practice variations and concerns about polypharmacy. Educational initiatives and revised guidelines may have improved vitamin D prescription rates after fragility fractures. However, there is a need to raise awareness about the importance of vitamin D for bone health, particularly in older adults, and additional study variations in prescription practices. These findings emphasize the importance of enhancing post-fracture care to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with fragility fractures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy M Liu
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine ,UChicago Medicine, Chicago, IL(Liu, Mirle, Lee, Hynes, and Strelzow), and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (Dirschl)
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Nasimi N, Jamshidi S, Askari A, Zolfaghari N, Sadeghi E, Nouri M, Bellissimo N, Faghih S. Effect of vitamin D supplementation or fortification on bone turnover markers in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1473-1487. [PMID: 38221822 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a vital indicator of musculoskeletal health, as it plays an important role through the regulation of bone and mineral metabolism. This meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation/fortification on bone turnover markers in women. All human randomised clinical trials reported changes in bone resorption markers (serum C-terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen (sCTX) and urinary type I collagen cross-linked N-telopeptide (uNTX)) or bone formation factors (osteocalcin (OC), bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and procollagen type-1 intact N-terminal propeptide (P1NP)) following vitamin D administration in women (aged ≥ 18 years) were considered. Mean differences (MD) and their respective 95 % CI were calculated based on fixed or random effects models according to the heterogeneity status. Subgroup analyses, meta-regression models, sensitivity analysis, risk of bias, publication bias and the quality of the included studies were also evaluated. We found that vitamin D supplementation had considerable effect on sCTX (MD: -0·038, n 22) and OC (MD: -0·610, n 24) with high heterogeneity and uNTX (MD: -8·188, n 6) without heterogeneity. Our results showed that age, sample size, dose, duration, baseline vitamin D level, study region and quality of studies might be sources of heterogeneity in this meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis also revealed significant reductions in P1NP level in dose less than 600 μg/d and larger study sample size (>100 participants). Moreover, no significant change was found in BALP level. Vitamin D supplementation/fortification significantly reduced bone resorption markers in women. However, results were inconsistent for bone formation markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Nasimi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Jamshidi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Askari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nazanin Zolfaghari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Erfan Sadeghi
- Research Consultation Center (RCC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nick Bellissimo
- Toronto Metropolitan University, School of Nutrition, Toronto, ONM5B-2K3, USA
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Tekçe G, Arıcan M, Karaduman ZO, Turhan Y, Sağlam S, Yücel MO, Coşkun SK, Tuncer C, Uludağ V. Radiologic and histopathologic effects of favipiravir and hydroxychloroquine on fracture healing in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03147-y. [PMID: 38743116 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Fracture healing is a process in which many factors interact. In addition to many treatments, physical and biological therapy methods that affect different steps of this process, there are many biological and chemical agents that cause fracture union delay. Although the number of studies on fracture healing is increasing day by day, the mechanism of fracture healing, which is not fully understood, still attracts the attention of all researchers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of favipiravir and hydroxychloroquine used in the treatment of COVID-19. In this study, 48 male Wistar rats weighing 300 ± 50 g were used. Each group was divided into eight subgroups of six rats each to be sacrificed at the 2nd and 4th weeks and evaluated radiologically and histologically. Favipiravir (group 1), hydroxychloroquine (group 2), favipiravir + hydroxychloroquine (group 3), and random control (group 4) were used. A statistically significant difference was observed between the 15th day histological scoring averages of the groups (p < 0.05). Although there was no statistically significant difference between the 15th day radiological score distributions of the groups (p > 0.05), we obtained different results in terms of complete bone union distributions and radiological images of the fracture line. Although favipiravir has a negative effect on fracture union in the early period, favipiravir may have a positive effect on fracture union in the late period. We did not find any effect of hydroxychloroquine on fracture union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giray Tekçe
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, 81000, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Arıcan
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, 81000, Duzce, Turkey.
| | - Zekeriya Okan Karaduman
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, 81000, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Yalcın Turhan
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, 81000, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Sönmez Sağlam
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, 81000, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Mücahid Osman Yücel
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, 81000, Duzce, Turkey
| | | | - Cengiz Tuncer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Veysel Uludağ
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, 81000, Duzce, Turkey
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Panarese A, Dajti E, Eusebi LH, Vestito A, Zagari RM. Idiopathic chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction syndrome is strongly associated with low serum levels of vitamin D. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 36:584-587. [PMID: 38477850 PMCID: PMC11060052 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is associated with intestinal inflammation and malabsorption and may cause serum vitamin D deficiency. We aimed to assess whether there is an association between idiopathic CIPO and serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D. Consecutive patients with confirmed diagnosis of idiopathic CIPO were prospectively enrolled and matched with healthy controls by gender, age, and BMI. Median serum level of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D of patients with CIPO was compared with that of healthy subjects using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for matched samples. A total of 35 patients with CIPO and 35 matched healthy subjects were enrolled. All patients with CIPO had a 25-hydroxy-vitamin D deficiency with serum levels <12 ng/ml. The median serum level of vitamin D was significantly lower in patients with CIPO than in healthy controls (5.7 vs. 29.7 ng/ml, P < 0.0001). Serum level of vitamin D was not associated with gender ( P = 0.27), age ( P = 0.22), BMI ( P = 0.95), high (>10 000 × ml) WBC count ( P = 0.08), or high (>5 mg/l) C-reactive protein ( P = 0.87) among patients with CIPO. CIPO seems to be strongly associated with low serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Panarese
- Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Department of Medical Sciences, Central Hospital – Azienda Ospedaliera, Taranto
| | - Elton Dajti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna
| | - Leonardo Henry Eusebi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna
| | - Amanda Vestito
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna
| | - Rocco Maurizio Zagari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna
- Esophagus and Stomach Organic Diseases Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Xiao B, Ackun-Farmmer MA, Adjei-Sowah E, Liu Y, Chandrasiri I, Benoit DSW. Advancing Bone-Targeted Drug Delivery: Leveraging Biological Factors and Nanoparticle Designs to Improve Therapeutic Efficacy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2224-2234. [PMID: 38537162 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Designing targeted drug delivery systems to effectively treat bone diseases ranging from osteoporosis to nonunion bone defects remains a significant challenge. Previously, nanoparticles (NPs) self-assembled from diblock copolymers of poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride)-b-poly(styrene) (PSMA-b-PS) delivering a Wnt agonist were shown to effectively target bone and improve healing via the introduction of a peptide with high affinity to tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), an enzyme deposited by the osteoclasts during bone remodeling. Despite these promising results, the underlying biological factors governing targeting and subsequent drug delivery system (DDS) design parameters have not been examined to enable the rational design to improve bone selectivity. Therefore, this work investigated the effect of target ligand density, the treatment window after injury, specificity of TRAP binding peptide (TBP), the extent of TRAP deposition, and underlying genetic factors (e.g., mouse strain differences) on TBP-NP targeting. Data based on in vitro binding studies and in vivo biodistribution analyses using a murine femoral fracture model suggest that TBP-NP-TRAP interactions and TBP-NP bone accumulation were ligand-density-dependent; in vitro, TRAP affinity was correlated with ligand density up to the maximum of 200,000 TBP ligands/NP, while NPs with 80,000 TBP ligands showed 2-fold increase in fracture accumulation at day 21 post injury compared with that of untargeted or scrambled controls. While fracture accumulation exhibited similar trends when injected at day 3 compared to that at day 21 postfracture, there were no significant differences observed between TBP-functionalized and control NPs, possibly due to saturation of TRAP by NPs at day 3. Leveraging a calcium-depletion diet, TRAP deposition and TBP-NP bone accumulation were positively correlated, confirming that TRAP-TBP binding leads to TBP-NP bone accumulation in vivo. Furthermore, TBP-NP exhibited similar bone accumulation in both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mouse strains versus control NPs, suggesting the broad applicability of TBP-NP regardless of the underlying genetic differences. These studies provide insight into TBP-NP design, mechanism, and therapeutic windows, which inform NP design and treatment strategies for fractures and other bone-associated diseases that leverage TRAP, such as marrow-related hematologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baixue Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Marian A Ackun-Farmmer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Emmanuela Adjei-Sowah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Indika Chandrasiri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Danielle S W Benoit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
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Zhou XY, Chen XC, Fraley GS, Zhang KY, Tian G, Bai SP, Ding XM, Wang JP, Lv L, Xuan Y, Zeng QF. Effects of different dietary vitamin D combinations during the grower phase and the feed restriction phase on growth performance and sternal morphology, mineralization, and related genes expression of bone metabolism in Pekin ducks. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103291. [PMID: 38043407 PMCID: PMC10711511 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to investigate the effects of different dietary vitamin D (VD) combinations during the grower (1-32 d of age) and feed restriction (33-52 d of age) phases on growth performance. We also evaluated sternal morphology, mineralization, and related genes expression of bone metabolism as well as absorption of calcium and phosphorous in duodenal mucosa and kidney in Pekin ducks. During the grower phase, we used 2 VD regimes (Group A: 3,160 IU/kg VD3; Group B: 400 IU/kg VD3 + 69 μg/kg 25-OH-D3). Each dietary treatment had 50 replicate pens of 10 ducks per pen. During the feed restriction phase, 30 replicate pens selected from Group A and Group B, repetitively, were redivided into 5 different dietary VD regimes to form a 2 × 5 experimental design. Each group consisted of 6 replicates, each with 10 ducks. During the feed restriction phase, we evaluated 5 different dietary VD combinations were as follows: T1: 2,000 IU/kg VD3 ; T2: 5,000 IU/kg VD3; T3: 3,620 IU/kg VD3 + 34.5 μg/kg 25-OH-D3; T4: 2,240 IU/kg VD3 + 69 μg/kg 25-OH-D3; T5: 1,800 IU/kg VD3 + 80 μg/kg 25-OH-D3). Results showed that Group B combinations with T5 had a better growth performance and breast meat deposition (P < 0.1). Regardless of 5 dietary VD regimes during the feed restriction phase, Group B significantly increased (P < 0.05) 52 d sternal depth and tended to increase (P < 0.1) 52 d sternal defatted weight, ash content, and phosphate (P) content of ducks. A significant interactive effect (P < 0.05) was observed on the mRNA abundance of DMP1 and Sost1 as well as RANKL/OPG in sternum and of VDR in duodenal mucosa of ducks at 52 d of age between dietary VD combinations during 2 phases. These results indicated that dietary VD regimes during the grower phase could affect the effectiveness of dietary VD regimes during the feed restriction phases; Dietary VD combinations of both phases could affect the genes expression of bone formation and the absorption as well as reabsorption of calcium and phosphorus in duodenum and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Zhou
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - X C Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Chengdu Agricultural College, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - G S Fraley
- Animal Science Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - K Y Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - G Tian
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - S P Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - X M Ding
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - J P Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - L Lv
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Y Xuan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Q F Zeng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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Abdulrahman SJ, Abdulhadi MA, Turki Jalil A, Falah D, Merza MS, Almulla AF, Ali A, Ali RT. Conjugated linoleic acid and glucosamine supplements may prevent bone loss in aging by regulating the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10579-10588. [PMID: 37932498 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08839-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The skeleton is a living organ that undergoes constant changes, including bone formation and resorption. It is affected by various diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, and osteomalacia. Nowadays, several methods are applied to protect bone health, including the use of hormonal and non-hormonal medications and supplements. However, certain drugs like glucocorticoids, thiazolidinediones, heparin, anticonvulsants, chemotherapy, and proton pump inhibitors can endanger bone health and cause bone loss. New studies are exploring the use of supplements, such as conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and glucosamine, with fewer side effects during treatment. Various mechanisms have been proposed for the effects of CLA and glucosamine on bone structure, both direct and indirect. One mechanism that deserves special attention is the regulatory effect of RANKL/RANK/OPG on bone turnover. The RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway is considered a motive for osteoclast maturation and bone resorption. The cytokine system, consisting of the receptor activator of the nuclear factor (NF)-kB ligand (RANKL), its receptor RANK, and its decoy receptor, osteoprotegerin (OPG), plays a vital role in bone turnover. Over the past few years, researchers have observed the impact of CLA and glucosamine on the RANKL/RANK/OPG mechanism of bone turnover. However, no comprehensive study has been published on these supplements and their mechanism. To address this gap in knowledge, we have critically reviewed their potential effects. This review aims to assist in developing efficient treatment strategies and focusing future studies on these supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohanad Ali Abdulhadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | | | - Dumooa Falah
- National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Muna S Merza
- Prosthetic dental Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, 51001, Iraq
| | - Abbas F Almulla
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ronak Taher Ali
- College of Medical Technology, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
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Giourga C, Papadopoulou SK, Voulgaridou G, Karastogiannidou C, Giaginis C, Pritsa A. Vitamin D Deficiency as a Risk Factor of Preeclampsia during Pregnancy. Diseases 2023; 11:158. [PMID: 37987269 PMCID: PMC10660864 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11040158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A balanced diet is achieved not only via the consumption of a variety of food products but also by ensuring that we take in sufficient quantities the micronutrients necessary for the adequate functioning of the human body, such as vitamins, an important one of which is vitamin D. Vitamin D has been closely linked to bone health. Vitamin D deficiency has often been associated with negative effects concerning several pregnancy adverse outcomes, the most important of which are the birth of SGA newborns, premature birth, and, finally, preeclampsia, which are discussed in this work. The aim of this review is to critically summarize and scrutinize whether the concentration of vitamin D in the blood serum of pregnant women in all its forms may be correlated with the risk of preeclampsia during pregnancy and whether vitamin D levels could act both as a protective agent or as a risk factor or even a prognostic measure of the disease. The association of vitamin D levels with the onset of preeclampsia was examined by searching the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. A total of 31 clinical trials were identified and included in this review, with the aim of summarizing the recent data concerning vitamin D levels and the risk of preeclampsia. Among them, 16 were published in the last five years, and 13 were published within the last a decade. Most studies showed a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and preeclampsia risk. It was also found that the higher the dose, the lower the risk of disease. Of the 31 articles, only 7 of them did not show a significant difference between vitamin D levels and preeclampsia regardless of comorbidity. The results of this review suggest that there is indeed an association between the concentration of vitamin D during pregnancy and the risk of preeclampsia; however, further studies are strongly recommended to derive conclusive evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Giourga
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.G.); (S.K.P.); (G.V.); (C.K.)
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.G.); (S.K.P.); (G.V.); (C.K.)
| | - Gavriela Voulgaridou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.G.); (S.K.P.); (G.V.); (C.K.)
| | - Calliope Karastogiannidou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.G.); (S.K.P.); (G.V.); (C.K.)
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Greece;
| | - Agathi Pritsa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.G.); (S.K.P.); (G.V.); (C.K.)
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9
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Zhang J, Mamet T, Guo Y, Li C, Yang J. Yak milk promotes renal calcium reabsorption in mice with osteoporosis via the regulation of TRPV5. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:7396-7406. [PMID: 37641274 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-23218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The Ca2+-selective epithelial channel TRPV5 plays a significant role in renal calcium reabsorption and improving osteoporosis (OP). In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of yak milk on osteoporosis mice in TRPV5-mediated Ca2+ reabsorption in the kidney. We observed that treatment of OP mice with yak milk reconstructed bone homeostasis demonstrated by increasing the levels of OPG as well as decreasing the levels of TRAP and ALP in serum. Additionally, yak milk reduced the level of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and elevated 1,25-(OH)2D3 and calcitonin (CT), and inhibited the excretion of Ca/Cr and Pi/Cr in OP mice, which explained by regulating hormone levels and thus enhance the renal Ca2+ reabsorption. Further analysis exhibited that yak milk upregulated the expression of TRPV5 protein and mRNA as well as calbindin-D28k in OP mice kidneys. Overall, these outcomes demonstrate that yak milk enhances renal Ca2+ reabsorption through the TRPV5 pathway synergistically with calbindin-D28k, thus ameliorating OP mice. This provides a new perspective for yak milk as a nutritional supplement to prevent osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Torkun Mamet
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
| | - Yanping Guo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Caihong Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Jingru Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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10
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Casciato D, Wynes J. The Navicular Cuneiform Joint: Updates on Avoiding and Managing a Nonunion. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2023; 40:613-621. [PMID: 37716740 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Naviculocuneiform arthrodesis, while often used to support the medial column during management of primary/post-traumatic arthritis, deformity correction, or in the surgical treatment of progressive collapsing foot deformity, can develop nonunion. Addressing this condition hinges on the assessment of various parameters such as patient/host factors and recognition of the etiology of the nonunion. In this article, methods of optimizing this surgical intervention through anatomic and physiologic considerations are highlighted. Further, information is provided to assist foot and ankle surgeons in performing a comprehensive work-up to allow for successful reconstruction and optimal patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominick Casciato
- Department of Orthopaedics, Limb Preservation and Deformity Correction Fellowship, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jacob Wynes
- Department of Orthopaedics, Limb Preservation and Deformity Correction Fellowship, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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11
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Markopoulos G, Agrogiannis G, Perrea DN, Iliopoulos DC, Nikolaou VS. Evaluation of Vitamin D-enriched Bone Graft in Surgically-induced Critical-sized Bone Defects: An Experimental Study. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:2212-2216. [PMID: 37336500 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Restoration of bone defects in the craniac vault may require the use of autografts, allografts, xenografts, or synthetic grafts. There are promising data that vitamin D may play a positive role in graft incorporation. The purpose of the present study is the evaluation of the impact of vitamin D addition to human-derived bone grafts in the healing of critical-sized bone defects in porcine skulls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four identical critical-sized defects were created in the calvaria of 8 adult Landrace Large White pigs. The first defect was left blank as control, the second defect was filled with human-derived bone graft, the third defect was filled with human-derived bone graft enriched with a low concentration of vitamin D (2 mg/mL), and the fourth defect was filled with human-derived bone graft enriched with a high concentration of vitamin D (10 mg/mL). The animals were sacrificed after 12 weeks. Harvested tissue specimens were qualitatively evaluated by histology. New bone formation (bone volume/tissue volume) was quantitatively measured by histomorphometry. RESULTS Signs of bone formation were evident in all bone sockets. Mean values of the bone volume/tissue volume of the 4 defects were 10.91%, 11.05%, 10.40% and 10.87% respectively, at 12 weeks. In 5 animals, high concentration of vitamin D caused a significant improvement in bone formation in relation to controls. In 3 animals, a high concentration of vitamin D was associated with decreased bone formation compared with controls. No statistical difference was observed in the graft healing among the 4 graft sites ( P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study have shown that the addition of vitamin D to human-derived bone grafts does not have a significant effect on bone formation and graft incorporation in critical-sized bone defects of the porcine calvaria. Further high-quality studies are needed to fully elucidate the role of vitamin D in bone formation and bone graft union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Markopoulos
- Second Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, University of Athens Medical School, "Agia Olga" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George Agrogiannis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina N Perrea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios C Iliopoulos
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios S Nikolaou
- Second Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, University of Athens Medical School, "Agia Olga" Hospital, Athens, Greece
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12
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Liu H, Li T, Ma B, Wang Y, Sun J. Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein 1 Activates the BMP4/Smad1/5/8 Signaling Pathway to Promote Osteogenic Differentiation: an Implication in Fracture Healing. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1653-1663. [PMID: 36737556 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteoblast regeneration, characterized by osteoblast differentiation, is the basis of fracture healing and accelerates fracture repair. It has been reported that hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1) is overexpressed during osteoblast differentiation and regulates cartilage regeneration, but its function in fracture healing remains unclear. To elucidate this issue, we collected clinical blood samples of fracture healing, established a femoral fracture rat model, and induced an osteoblast differentiation cell model. We found that HAPLN1 was overexpressed in the serum of patients with fracture healing and the bone tissues of rats with fracture healing. Furthermore, the expression of HAPLN1 was increased time dependently during the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. HAPLN1 silencing prevented osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells as evidenced by decreased osteoblast differentiation-related factors, suppressed alkaline phosphatase activities, and reduced alizarin red positive staining. Mechanically, the bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4)/Smad1/5/8 pathway, a facilitator of osteoblastic differentiation, was found to be inhibited by HAPLN1 knockdown, and inhibition of BMP4/Smad1/5/8 signaling enhanced the effects caused by HAPLN1 silencing. These findings demonstrated that HAPLN1 might promote fracture healing by facilitating osteogenic differentiation through the BMP4/Smad1/5/8 pathway, indicating that targeting HAPLN1 may be a feasible therapeutic candidate for fracture repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ben Ma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Anhui Province Children's Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, No. 39, Wangjiang East Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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13
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Chen Y, Sun X, Sui X, Li Y, Wang Z. Application of bone alkaline phosphatase and 25-oxhydryl-vitamin D in diagnosis and prediction of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:739. [PMID: 37775805 PMCID: PMC10543335 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a bone metabolic disease that usually causes fracture. The improvement of the clinical diagnostic efficiency of osteoporosis is of great significance for the prevention of fracture. The predictive and diagnostic values of bone alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP) and 25-oxhydryl-vitamin D (25-OH-VD) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) were evaluated. METHODS 110 OVCFs patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty were included as subjects and their spinal computed tomography (CT) images were collected. After that, deep convolutional neural network model was employed for intelligent fracture recognition. Next, the patients were randomly enrolled into Ctrl group (65 cases receiving postoperative routine treatment) and VD2 group (65 cases injected with vitamin D2 into muscle after the surgery). In addition, 100 healthy people who participated in physical examination were included in Normal group. The differences in Oswestry dysfunction indexes (ODI), imaging parameters, B-ALP and 25-OH-VD expressions, and quality of life (QOL) scores of patients among the three groups were compared. The values of B-ALP and 25-OH-VD in predicting and diagnosing OVCFs and their correlation with bone density were analyzed. RESULTS It was demonstrated that computer intelligent medical image technique was more efficient in fracture CT recognition than artificial recognition. In contrast to those among patients in Normal group, B-ALP rose while 25-OH-VD declined among patients in Ctrl and VD2 groups (P < 0.05). Versus those among patients in Ctrl group, ODI, Cobb angle, and B-ALP reduced, while bone density, the height ratio of the injured vertebrae, 25-OH-VD, and QOL score increased among patients in VD2 group after the treatment (P < 0.05). The critical values, accuracy, and areas under the curve (AUC) of the diagnosis of OVCFs by B-ALP and 25-OH-VD amounted to 87.8 μg/L versus 30.3 nmol/L, 86.7% versus 83.3%, and 0.86 versus 0.82, respectively. B-ALP was apparently negatively correlated with bone density (r = - 0.602, P < 0.05), while 25-OH-VD was remarkably positively correlated with bone density (r = 0.576, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION To sum up, deep learning-based computer CT image intelligent detection technique could improve the diagnostic efficacy of fracture. B-ALP rose while 25-OH-VD declined among patients with OVCFs and OVCFs could be predicted and diagnosed based on B-ALP and 25-OH-VD. Postoperative intramuscular injection of VD2 could effectively improve the therapeutic effect on patients with OVCFs and QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Chen
- Spinal Surgery, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, 255200, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Clinical Laboratory, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, 255200, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofei Sui
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department II, Penglai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yantai, 265600, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Li
- Nursing, Penglai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yantai, 265600, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Spinal Surgery, Tai'an Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China.
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14
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Zheng XQ, Huang J, Lin JL, Song CL. Pathophysiological mechanism of acute bone loss after fracture. J Adv Res 2023; 49:63-80. [PMID: 36115662 PMCID: PMC10334135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute bone loss after fracture is associated with various effects on the complete recovery process and a risk of secondary fractures among patients. Studies have reported similarities in pathophysiological mechanisms involved in acute bone loss after fractures and osteoporosis. However, given the silence nature of bone loss and bone metabolism complexities, the actual underlying pathophysiological mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. AIM OF REVIEW To elaborate the latest findings in basic research with a focus on acute bone loss after fracture. To briefly highlight potential therapeutic targets and current representative drugs. To arouse researchers' attention and discussion on acute bone loss after fracture. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Bone loss after fracture is associated with immobilization, mechanical unloading, blood supply damage, sympathetic nerve regulation, and crosstalk between musculoskeletals among other factors. Current treatment strategies rely on regulation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, therefore, there is a need to elucidate on the underlying mechanisms of acute bone loss after fractures to inform the development of efficacious and safe drugs. In addition, attention should be paid towards ensuring long-term skeletal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Qi Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Liang Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Li Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China.
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15
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Kong X, Xiao Z, Chen Y, Du M, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Xu B, Cheng Y, Yu T, Gan J. Calcium-binding properties, stability, and osteogenic ability of phosphorylated soy peptide-calcium chelate. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1129548. [PMID: 37153921 PMCID: PMC10160607 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1129548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bioactive peptides based on foodstuffs are of particular interest as carriers for calcium delivery due to their safety and high activity. The phosphorylated peptide has been shown to enhance calcium absorption and bone formation. Method A novel complex of peptide phosphorylation modification derived from soybean protein was introduced, and the mechanism, stability, and osteogenic differentiation bioactivity of the peptide with or without calcium were studied. Result The calcium-binding capacity of phosphorylated soy peptide (SPP) reached 50.24 ± 0.20 mg/g. The result of computer stimulation and vibration spectrum showed that SPP could chelate with calcium by the phosphoric acid group, carboxyl oxygen of C-terminal Glu, Asp, and Arg, and phosphoric acid group of Ser on the SPP at a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1, resulting in the formation of the complex of ligand and peptide. Thermal stability showed that chelation enhanced peptide stability compared with SPP alone. Additionally, in vitro results showed that SPP-Ca could facilitate osteogenic proliferation and differentiation ability. Discussion SPP may function as a promising alternative to current therapeutic agents for bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Kong
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ziqun Xiao
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - MengDi Du
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianying Yu
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Gan
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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16
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Jun JY, Kim JH, Kim M, Hong S, Kim M, Ryu GH, Park JH, Jung HS, Sohn Y. Persicae Semen Promotes Bone Union in Rat Fractures by Stimulating Osteoblastogenesis through BMP-2 and Wnt Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087388. [PMID: 37108563 PMCID: PMC10138545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fractures cause extreme pain to patients and impair movement, thereby significantly reducing their quality of life. However, in fracture patients, movement of the fracture site is restricted through application of a cast, and they are reliant on conservative treatment through calcium intake. Persicae semen (PS) is the dried mature seeds of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, and in this study the effects of PS on osteoblast differentiation and bone union promotion were investigated. The osteoblast-differentiation-promoting effect of PS was investigated through alizarin red S and Von Kossa staining, and the regulatory role of PS on BMP-2 (Bmp2) and Wnt (Wnt10b) signaling, representing a key mechanism, was demonstrated at the protein and mRNA levels. In addition, the bone-union-promoting effect of PS was investigated in rats with fractured femurs. The results of the cell experiments showed that PS promotes mineralization and upregulates RUNX2 through BMP-2 and Wnt signaling. PS induced the expression of various osteoblast genes, including Alpl, Bglap, and Ibsp. The results of animal experiments show that the PS group had improved bone union and upregulated expression of osteogenic genes. Overall, the results of this study suggest that PS can promote fracture recovery by upregulating osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, and thus can be considered a new therapeutic alternative for fracture patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Yun Jun
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeon Hong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Hyun Ryu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Jungwon University, Goesan-eup 28024, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Sang Jung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Sohn
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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17
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Liu X, Huang H, Zhang J, Sun T, Zhang W, Li Z. Recent Advance of Strontium Functionalized in Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040414. [PMID: 37106601 PMCID: PMC10136039 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defect disease causes damage to people’s lives and property, and how to effectively promote bone regeneration is still a big clinical challenge. Most of the current repair methods focus on filling the defects, which has a poor effect on bone regeneration. Therefore, how to effectively promote bone regeneration while repairing the defects at the same time has become a challenge for clinicians and researchers. Strontium (Sr) is a trace element required by the human body, which mainly exists in human bones. Due to its unique dual properties of promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and inhibiting osteoclast activity, it has attracted extensive research on bone defect repair in recent years. With the deep development of research, the mechanisms of Sr in the process of bone regeneration in the human body have been clarified, and the effects of Sr on osteoblasts, osteoclasts, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the inflammatory microenvironment in the process of bone regeneration have been widely recognized. Based on the development of technology such as bioengineering, it is possible that Sr can be better loaded onto biomaterials. Even though the clinical application of Sr is currently limited and relevant clinical research still needs to be developed, Sr-composited bone tissue engineering biomaterials have achieved satisfactory results in vitro and in vivo studies. The Sr compound together with biomaterials to promote bone regeneration will be a development direction in the future. This review will present a brief overview of the relevant mechanisms of Sr in the process of bone regeneration and the related latest studies of Sr combined with biomaterials. The aim of this paper is to highlight the potential prospects of Sr functionalized in biomaterials.
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18
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Zhao Y, Chen H, Qiu F, He J, Chen J. Cognitive impairment and risks of osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 106:104879. [PMID: 36462246 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically assess the association between osteoporosis and cognitive impairment, and to provide new light on the prevention of cognitive impairment in patients with osteoporosis. METHOD A comprehensive research of Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wangfang Data and VIP was performed from inception to January 2022, using the search term 'osteoporosis' and 'cognitive impairment'. Literature screening, data extraction and quality evaluation were conducted by two reviewers independently, and meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS A total of 8 studies (136222 participants) were included. Meta-analysis showed that patients with osteoporosis had an increased risk of cognitive impairment [OR=2.01, 95% CI(1.63-2.48), P<0.01]. This initial meta-analysis had significant heterogeneity, and subgroup analysis suggested that potential heterogeneity in different study types, age and outcome indicators. CONCLUSION Patients with osteoporosis are at increased risk of cognitive impairment, and osteoporosis intervention could prevent or delay the onset of cognitive impairment for those at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhao
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Heqing Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Fei Qiu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Jianquan He
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China.
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Voulgaridou G, Papadopoulou SK, Detopoulou P, Tsoumana D, Giaginis C, Kondyli FS, Lymperaki E, Pritsa A. Vitamin D and Calcium in Osteoporosis, and the Role of Bone Turnover Markers: A Narrative Review of Recent Data from RCTs. Diseases 2023; 11:diseases11010029. [PMID: 36810543 PMCID: PMC9944083 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common disease, defined primarily by a low measured bone density, which is associated with an increased risk of fragility fractures. Low calcium intake and vitamin D deficiency seem to be positively correlated with the prevalence of osteoporosis. Although they are not suitable for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, the biochemical markers of bone turnover can be measured in serum and/or urine, enabling the assessment of the dynamic bone activity and the short-term effectiveness of the osteoporosis treatment. Calcium and vitamin D are essential for maintaining bone health. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation separately and in combination, on bone density and circulating serum and blood plasma vitamin D, calcium, parathyroid hormone levels, markers of bone metabolism concentrations, and clinical outcomes, such as falls and osteoporotic fractures. We searched the PubMed online database to find clinical trials from the last five years (2016-April 2022). A total of 26 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included in this review. The present reviewed evidence suggests that vitamin D alone or in combination with calcium increases circulating 25(OH)D. Calcium with concomitant vitamin D supplementation, but not vitamin D alone, leads to an increase in BMD. In addition, most studies did not detect significant changes in circulating levels of plasma bone metabolism markers, nor in the incidence of falls. Instead, there was a decrease in blood serum PTH levels in the groups receiving vitamin D and/or Ca supplementation. The plasma vitamin D levels at the beginning of the intervention, and the dosing regimen followed, may play a role in the observed parameters. However, further study is needed to determine an appropriate dosing regimen for the treatment of osteoporosis and the role of bone metabolism markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavriela Voulgaridou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Detopoulou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital Korgialenio Benakio, 11526 Athens, Greece
- Department of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Despoina Tsoumana
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Greece
| | - Foivi S. Kondyli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evgenia Lymperaki
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Agathi Pritsa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence:
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20
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Juliana N, Azmi L, Effendy NM, Mohd Fahmi Teng NI, Abu IF, Abu Bakar NN, Azmani S, Yazit NAA, Kadiman S, Das S. Effect of Circadian Rhythm Disturbance on the Human Musculoskeletal System and the Importance of Nutritional Strategies. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030734. [PMID: 36771440 PMCID: PMC9920183 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian system in the human body responds to daily environmental changes to optimise behaviour according to the biological clock and also influences various physiological processes. The suprachiasmatic nuclei are located in the anterior hypothalamus of the brain, and they synchronise to the 24 h light/dark cycle. Human physiological functions are highly dependent on the regulation of the internal circadian clock. Skeletal muscles comprise the largest collection of peripheral clocks in the human body. Both central and peripheral clocks regulate the interaction between the musculoskeletal system and energy metabolism. The skeletal muscle circadian clock plays a vital role in lipid and glucose metabolism. The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is related to an alteration in the circadian rhythm. In the present review, we discuss the disturbance of the circadian rhythm and its resultant effect on the musculoskeletal system. We also discuss the nutritional strategies that are potentially effective in maintaining the system's homeostasis. Active collaborations between nutritionists and physiologists in the field of chronobiological and chrononutrition will further clarify these interactions. This review may be necessary for successful interventions in reducing morbidity and mortality resulting from musculoskeletal disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norsham Juliana
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-13-331-1706
| | - Liyana Azmi
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Nadia Mohd Effendy
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | | | - Izuddin Fahmy Abu
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - Nur Nabilah Abu Bakar
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Sahar Azmani
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Noor Anisah Abu Yazit
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Suhaini Kadiman
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, National Heart Institute, Kuala Lumpur 50400, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human & Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman
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Lončar SR, Halcrow SE, Swales D. Osteoimmunology: The effect of autoimmunity on fracture healing and skeletal analysis. Forensic Sci Int Synerg 2023; 6:100326. [PMID: 37091290 PMCID: PMC10120377 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2023.100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding factors that affect bone response to trauma is integral to forensic skeletal analysis. It is essential in forensic anthropology to identify if impaired fracture healing impacts assessment of post-traumatic time intervals and whether a correction factor is required. This paper presents a synthetic review of the intersection of the literature on the immune system, bone biology, and osteoimmunological research to present a novel model of interactions that may affect fracture healing under autoimmune conditions. Results suggest that autoimmunity likely impacts fracture healing, the pathogenesis however, is under researched, but likely multifactorial. With autoimmune diseases being relatively common, significant clinical history should be incorporated when assessing skeletal remains. Future research includes the true natural healing rate of bone; effect of autoimmunity on this rate; variation of healing with different autoimmune diseases; and if necessary, development of a correction factor on the natural healing rate to account for impairment in autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephie R. Lončar
- Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification, School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, New Zealand
- Corresponding author. Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification School of Science and Engineering, MSI/WTB Complex, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Siân E. Halcrow
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, New Zealand
- Corresponding author. Biological Anthropology Research Group, Department of Anatomy, 270 Great King Street, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Diana Swales
- Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification, School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
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22
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Sneij A, Farkas GJ, Carino Mason MR, Gater DR. Nutrition Education to Reduce Metabolic Dysfunction for Spinal Cord Injury: A Module-Based Nutrition Education Guide for Healthcare Providers and Consumers. J Pers Med 2022; 12:2029. [PMID: 36556250 PMCID: PMC9786330 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12122029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in a high prevalence of neurogenic obesity and metabolic dysfunction. The increased risk for neurogenic obesity and metabolic dysfunction is mainly due to the loss of energy balance because of significantly reduced energy expenditure following SCI. Consequently, excessive energy intake (positive energy balance) leads to adipose tissue accumulation at a rapid rate, resulting in neurogenic obesity, systemic inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. The purpose of this article is to review the existing literature on nutrition, dietary intake, and nutrition education in persons with SCI as it relates to metabolic dysfunction. The review will highlight the poor dietary intakes of persons with SCI according to authoritative guidelines and the need for nutrition education for health care professionals and consumers. Nutrition education topics are presented in a module-based format with supporting literature. The authors emphasize the role of a diet consisting of low-energy, nutrient-dense, anti-inflammatory foods consistent with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans' MyPlate to effectively achieve energy balance and reduce the risk for neurogenic obesity and metabolic dysfunction in individuals with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Sneij
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, P.O. Box 016960 (C-206), Miami, FL 33101, USA
- Christine E. Lynn Rehabilitation Center for the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - Gary J. Farkas
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, P.O. Box 016960 (C-206), Miami, FL 33101, USA
- Christine E. Lynn Rehabilitation Center for the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - Marisa Renee Carino Mason
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, P.O. Box 016960 (C-206), Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - David R. Gater
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, P.O. Box 016960 (C-206), Miami, FL 33101, USA
- Christine E. Lynn Rehabilitation Center for the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miami, FL 33101, USA
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- South Florida Spinal Cord Injury Model System, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
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23
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Cardoso DV, Veljkovic A. General Considerations About Foot and Ankle Arthrodesis. Any Way to Improve Our Results? Foot Ankle Clin 2022; 27:701-722. [PMID: 36368793 DOI: 10.1016/j.fcl.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nonunion and adjacent joint osteoarthritis (OA) are known complications after a fusion procedure, and foot and ankle surgeons are commonly exposed to such disabling complications. Determining who is at risk of developing nonunion is essential to reducing nonunion rates and improving patient outcomes. Several evidenced-based modifiable risk factors related to adverse outcomes after foot and ankle arthrodesis have been identified. Patient-related risk factors that can be improved before surgery include smoking cessation, good diabetic control (HbAc1 <7%) and vitamin D supplementation. Intraoperatively, using less invasive techniques, avoiding joint preparation with power tools, using bone grafts or orthobiologics in more complex cases, high-risk patients, nonunion revision surgeries, and filling in bone voids at the arthrodesis site should be considered. Postoperatively, pain management with NSAIDs should be limited to a short period (<2 weeks) and avoided in high-risk patients. Furthermore, early postoperative weight-bearing has shown to be beneficial, and it does not seem to increase postoperative complications. The incidence of surrounding joint OA after foot and ankle fusion seems to increase progressively with time. Owing to its progression and high probability of being symptomatic, patients must be informed consequently, as they may require additional joint fusions, resulting in further loss of ankle/foot motion. In patients with symptomatic adjacent joint OA and unsatisfactory results after an ankle arthrodesis, conversion to total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) has become a potential option in managing these complex and challenging situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Vieira Cardoso
- Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, Geneva 1205, Switzerland.
| | - Andrea Veljkovic
- Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, British Columbia University, Vancouver, Canada
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24
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Abstract
More than 2.1 million age-related fractures occur in the United States annually, resulting in an immense socioeconomic burden. Importantly, the age-related deterioration of bone structure is associated with impaired bone healing. Fracture healing is a dynamic process which can be divided into four stages. While the initial hematoma generates an inflammatory environment in which mesenchymal stem cells and macrophages orchestrate the framework for repair, angiogenesis and cartilage formation mark the second healing period. In the central region, endochondral ossification favors soft callus development while next to the fractured bony ends, intramembranous ossification directly forms woven bone. The third stage is characterized by removal and calcification of the endochondral cartilage. Finally, the chronic remodeling phase concludes the healing process. Impaired fracture healing due to aging is related to detrimental changes at the cellular level. Macrophages, osteocytes, and chondrocytes express markers of senescence, leading to reduced self-renewal and proliferative capacity. A prolonged phase of "inflammaging" results in an extended remodeling phase, characterized by a senescent microenvironment and deteriorating healing capacity. Although there is evidence that in the setting of injury, at least in some tissues, senescent cells may play a beneficial role in facilitating tissue repair, recent data demonstrate that clearing senescent cells enhances fracture repair. In this review, we summarize the physiological as well as pathological processes during fracture healing in endocrine disease and aging in order to establish a broad understanding of the biomechanical as well as molecular mechanisms involved in bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Saul
- Kogod Center on Aging and Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.,Department of Trauma, Orthopedics and Reconstructive Surgery, Georg-August-University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Kogod Center on Aging and Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Shin HR, Park HJ, Ly SY. Optimal Serum 25(OH)D Level and Vitamin D Intake in Young Korean Women. Nutrients 2022; 14. [PMID: 36432534 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D status is essential for preventing bone disease. Young Korean women have the highest vitamin D deficiency prevalence compared with other demographic groups. This study aimed to establish the optimal vitamin D intake level for maintaining an adequate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level by season in young Korean women (mean age: 23.1 years). Each participant (wintertime, n = 101; summertime, n = 117) completed a lifestyle survey, dietary record, bone mineral density, and biochemical tests. Seasonal factors impacting 25(OH)D were identified, vitamin D intake for sufficient 25(OH)D levels was calculated, and the relationship between 25(OH)D and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) was analyzed. During summertime, 25(OH)D levels were higher than in wintertime (17.9 vs. 15.0 ng/mL). A 1 µg/1000 kcal increase in vitamin D intake increased 25(OH)D levels by 0.170 ng/mL in wintertime and 0.149 ng/mL in summertime. iPTH levels reached a theoretical plateau corresponding to an 18.4 ng/mL 25(OH)D level. The vitamin D intake threshold for maintaining 25(OH)D levels at ≥20 and ≥18.4 ng/mL was ≥10.97 μg/day. For a sufficient level of 25(OH)D in young Korean women, increasing summertime UV irradiation time and increasing vitamin D supplements and vitamin D-containing foods throughout the year is beneficial.
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26
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Pastukhova Y, Luzza F, Shevel S, Savchuk O, Ostapchenko L, Falalyeyeva T, Molochek N, Kuryk O, Korotkyi O, Kobyliak N. Changes in Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease Depending on the Status of D3. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2022; 17:280-290. [PMID: 35319388 DOI: 10.2174/1574887117666220321152855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia as a result of insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion. A relatively large number of patients with this type of diabetes have abdominal obesity, which also affects insulin resistance development. Chronic hyperglycemia can lead to damage and dysfunction of various organs, and a striking example is diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is a specific kind of kidney damage that occurs due to complications of diabetes and is accompanied by the formation of diffuse or nodular glomerulosclerosis, which can lead to terminal renal failure and requires immediate substitution through renal therapy or renal transplantation. Diabetic nephropathy is diagnosed with albuminuria and a decrease in the rate of glomerular filtration. METHODS This review was based on a literature search for the most important evidence of vitamin D as a possible method of prevention for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy. Collected published articles were summarized according to their overall themes. RESULTS In this review, we considered vitamin D as a possible method of treatment for type 2 diabetes, as well as its complications, including diabetic nephropathy. CONCLUSION Studies show that vitamin D inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, resulting in improved renal function in diabetic nephropathy. Vitamin D also has antiinflammatory, antiproliferative, and anti-metastatic effects, which improve endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Olena Kuryk
- Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Nazarii Kobyliak
- Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine.,Medical Laboratory CSD, Kyiv, Ukraine
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27
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Hernández-Flores TDJ, Pedraza-Brindis EJ, Cárdenas-Bedoya J, Ruíz-Carrillo JD, Méndez-Clemente AS, Martínez-Guzmán MA, Iñiguez-Gutiérrez L. Role of Micronutrients and Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in COVID-19 Recovery. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12324. [PMID: 36293182 PMCID: PMC9604189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A balanced and varied diet provides diverse beneficial effects on health, such as adequate micronutrient availability and a gut microbiome in homeostasis. Besides their participation in biochemical processes as cofactors and coenzymes, vitamins and minerals have an immunoregulatory function; meanwhile, gut microbiota and its metabolites coordinate directly and indirectly the cell response through the interaction with the host receptors. Malnourishment is a crucial risk factor for several pathologies, and its involvement during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic has been reported. This pandemic has caused a significant decline in the worldwide population, especially those with chronic diseases, reduced physical activity, and elder age. Diet and gut microbiota composition are probable causes for this susceptibility, and its supplementation can play a role in reestablishing microbial homeostasis and improving immunity response against Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection and recovery. This study reviews the role of micronutrients and microbiomes in the risk of infection, the severity of disease, and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresita de Jesús Hernández-Flores
- Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Instituto de Investigación de Inmunodeficiencias y VIH, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Eliza Julia Pedraza-Brindis
- Departamento de Aparatos y Sistemas I, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44670, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jhonathan Cárdenas-Bedoya
- Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias y Retrovirus Humanos, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Daniel Ruíz-Carrillo
- Clínica Medicina Familiar 1 del ISSSTE “Dr. Arturo González Guzmán”, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Anibal Samael Méndez-Clemente
- Instituto de Investigación de Inmunodeficiencias y VIH, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Marco Alonso Martínez-Guzmán
- Departamento de Aparatos y Sistemas I, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44670, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Liliana Iñiguez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Investigación de Inmunodeficiencias y VIH, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico
- Departamento de Aparatos y Sistemas I, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44670, Jalisco, Mexico
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28
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Su CH, Chen YC, Yang YH, Wang CY, Ko PW, Huang PJ, Liaw CC, Liao WL, Cheng TL, Lee DY, Lo LC, Hsieh CL. Effect of the traditional Chinese herb Helminthostachys zeylanica on postsurgical recovery in patients with ankle fracture: A double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 295:115435. [PMID: 35671862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Helminthostachys zeylanica (HZ), which is also called "Dao-Di-U-Gon" in Taiwan, has anti-inflammatory and antiedema effects and is commonly used to treat edema in patients with fractures. The ugonin K component of HZ can induce osteogenesis and promote bone mineralization, its therapeutic effect, however, its therapeutic effect remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of HZ on functional recovery in patients with ankle fractures requiring surgical treatment. METHODS A double-blinded, randomized, controlled study was conducted. A total of 45 patients with ankle fractures requiring surgical treatment were assigned to either the control group (n = 23 patients), which received the oral administration of HZ placebo 1.0 g t.i.d. for 42 days continuously, or to the treatment group (22 patients), which received HZ for 42 days. RESULTS The serum amino-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (PINP) levels were similar in the first assessment (V1) between the control (45.90 ± 16.31 ng/mL) and treatment groups (52.61 ± 21.02 ng/mL; p = 0.240); the differences in PINP level between the third assessment (V3) and V1 were greater in the treatment group (35.84 ± 24.56 ng/mL) than in the control group (16.34 ± 11.97 ng/mL; p = 0.002). Radiographic healing time (RHT) was 9.09 ± 1.15 weeks in the treatment group, which was shorter than the 9.91 ± 0.79 weeks (p = 0.012) in the control group. CONCLUSION Oral administration of HZ for 42 days can increase serum PINP level and reduce the RHT. Therefore, HZ can be used to treat patients with ankle fractures requiring surgical treatment. However, a larger sample size is needed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Horng Su
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Orthopaedic Department, Yuan-Lin Christian Hospital, Changhua County, 510, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Chih Chen
- Nursing Department, Yuan-Lin Christian Hospital, Changhua County, 510, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Hui Yang
- Nursing Department, Yuan-Lin Christian Hospital, Changhua County, 510, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Yi Wang
- Orthopaedic Department, Yuan-Lin Christian Hospital, Changhua County, 510, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Wei Ko
- Orthopaedic Department, Yuan-Lin Christian Hospital, Changhua County, 510, Taiwan.
| | - Peng-Ju Huang
- Orthopedic Department, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Chuang Liaw
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ling Liao
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Lin Cheng
- Institute of Statistics and Information Science, National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan.
| | - Der-Yen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Lun-Chien Lo
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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29
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Li R, Yu S, Liang X, Li Y, Lai KP. Vitamin C exerts anti-cadmium induced fracture functions/targets: bioinformatic and biostructural findings. Food Science and Human Wellness 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Aldakheel RK, Gondal MA, Alsayed HN, Almessiere MA, Nasr MM, Shemsi AM. Rapid Determination and Quantification of Nutritional and Poisonous Metals in Vastly Consumed Ayurvedic Herbal Medicine (Rejuvenator Shilajit) by Humans Using Three Advanced Analytical Techniques. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4199-4216. [PMID: 34800280 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Shilajit is used commonly as Ayurvedic medicine worldwide which is Rasayana herbo-mineral substance and consumed to restore the energetic balance and to prevent diseases like cognitive disorders and Alzheimer. Locally, Shilajit is applied for patients diagnosed with bone fractures. For safety of the patients, the elemental analysis of Shilajit is imperative to evaluate its nutritional quality as well as contamination from heavy metals. The elemental composition of Shilajit was conducted using three advanced analytical techniques (LIBS, ICP, and EDX). For the comparative studies, the two Shilajit kinds mostly sold globally produced in India and Pakistan were collected. Our main focus is to highlight nutritional eminence and contamination of heavy metals to hinge on Shilajit therapeutic potential. In this work, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the Shilajit. Our LIBS analysis revealed that Shilajit samples composed of several elements like Ca, S, K, Mg, Al, Na, Sr, Fe, P, Si, Mn, Ba, Zn, Ni, B, Cr, Co, Pb, Cu, As, Hg, Se, and Ti. Indian and Pakistani Shilajits were highly enriched with Ca, S, and K nutrients and contained Al, Sr, Mn, Ba, Zn, Ni, B, Cr, Pb, As, and Hg toxins in amounts that exceeded the standard permissible limit. Even though the content of most elements was comparable among both Shilajits, nutrients, and toxins, in general, were accentuated more in Indian Shilajit with the sole detection of Hg and Ti. The elemental quantification was done using self-developed calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) method, and LIBS results are in well agreement with the concentrations determined by standard ICP-OES/MS method. To verify our results by LIBS and ICP-OES/MS techniques, EDX spectroscopy was also conducted which confirmed the presence above mentioned elements. This work is highly significant for creating awareness among people suffering due to overdose of this product and save many human lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Aldakheel
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Gondal
- Laser Research Group, Physics Department, IRC-Hydrogen & Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
- K.A. CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hasan N Alsayed
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University and King Fahd Hospital of the University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Almessiere
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - M M Nasr
- Physics Department, Riyadh Elm University, P.O. Box 321815, Riyadh, 11343, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Shemsi
- Center for Environment and Marine Study, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Ribeiro LSFE, Araujo NS, Zilli Vieira CL, Dos Santos JN, Cury PR. Impact of serum vitamin D levels on periodontal healing outcomes: a preliminary cohort study. Int J Dent Hyg 2022; 21:291-297. [PMID: 36048921 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluated the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and periodontal healing outcomes in patients with mild or moderate periodontitis. METHODS Serum vitamin D levels and periodontal pockets and gingival bleeding were evaluated in 51 patients before and six months after non-surgical periodontal treatment. A t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze the data (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS The mean reduction of periodontal pocket depth was statistically significant higher in patients with vitamin D ≥ 30 ng/mL compared to those with < 30 ng/mL (CI= -0.23 - 0.42, p= 0.05), but not clinically significant. Vitamin D level was not associated with the percentage of sites gingival bleeding on probing at the final evaluation (OR= 0.58, 95% CI= 0.17-1.99, p= 0.39). CONCLUSION Lower serum vitamin D level was associated with a slightly reduced periodontal healing after non-surgical periodontal therapy, which should be further investigated in a larger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Silva Figueiredo E Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, - Bahia, Brazil
| | - Nara Santos Araujo
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, - Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Jean Nunes Dos Santos
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, - Bahia, Brazil
| | - Patricia Ramos Cury
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, - Bahia, Brazil
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32
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Qiao Y, Ye Z, Xu J, Zhang X, Chen J, Xu C, Zhao S, Zhao J. Preoperative serum calcium could be a prognostic factor for surgical treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation: a retrospective study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:578. [PMID: 35706007 PMCID: PMC9199172 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05527-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Surgical treatment for recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD) could yield good outcomes. While, unsatisfactory recovery still exists in some cases. For all prognostic factors, serum biomarkers have rarely been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative serum calcium level, a widely used serum biomarker, in surgical treatment for RPD. Study design Retrospective study. Methods Ninety-nine patients with RPD were enrolled in the study. Preoperative serum calcium was acquired from routinely tested blood 1 day prior to operation. Demographic data, characteristics of RPD, postoperative functional outcomes were obtained. The association between preoperative calcium and postoperative functional outcomes (Kujala, Lysholm, Tegner, IKDC and KOOS score) was determined by correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis. Poor recovery was determined as Kujala score below 80. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the prognostic value of preoperative calcium. Results Patients were followed up for a mean period of 2.45 ± 1.33 years. All clinical scores showed significant improvement at the latest follow-up. Correlation and multivariate linear analyses indicated that serum calcium level was an important factor related with the prognosis of surgical treatment for RPD. According to the ROC curve, the cut-off value for preoperative calcium was 2.225 mmol/L. The clinical outcomes of patients with a preoperative blood calcium < 2.225 mmol/L was significantly worse than that with a higher calcium level. The correspondent sensitivity was 0.812 with a specificity of 0.633. Conclusion Operative treatment for RPD achieved good results, while in some cases the functional scores remain inferior. As a serum biomarker, preoperative calcium could be prognostic for outcomes after surgical treatment for RPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qiao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zipeng Ye
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiuyuan Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jiebo Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Caiqi Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Jinzhong Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Varman P, Varman A, Dawson A. Demographic Discrepancies of Vitamin D Deficiency in Craniofacial Fracture Patients. Eplasty 2022; 22:e11. [PMID: 35611154 PMCID: PMC9108432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Background The relationship between craniofacial fracture and vitamin D status has not been studied. Given the important role vitamin D status plays in postfracture prognosis, a deep investigation into this relationship is due. The primary objective of this study was to assess the demographic discrepancies in the vitamin D status of patients with craniofacial fracture. Methods The Cerner Health Facts database was used to collect data on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, demographics, hospital admission and discharge, and fracture type of 76 craniofacial fracture patients with available vitamin D levels from October 2015 until May 2018. Pairwise Spearman Correlation was used for multivariate data analysis. Results Of the 76 craniofacial fracture patients identified, 55.3% were insufficient in vitamin D and 32.9% were deficient in vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were more common in women, African American individuals, and patients over 50 years of age. Conclusions The investigation revealed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in craniofacial fracture patients. Despite the higher incidence of fractures in men and Caucasian individuals, women and African American individuals with craniofacial fractures had poorer vitamin D status. Clinicians should consider empiric vitamin D supplementation following craniofacial fracture in high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Varman
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE
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Esposti LD, Perrone V, Sella S, Arcidiacono G, Bertoldo F, Giustina A, Minisola S, Napoli N, Passeri G, Rossini M, Giannini S. The Potential Impact of Inducing a Restriction in Reimbursement Criteria on Vitamin D Supplementation in Osteoporotic Patients with or without Fractures. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091877. [PMID: 35565842 PMCID: PMC9105449 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In October 2019, the Italian Drug Agency (AIFA) restricted reimbursement criteria for vitamin D (VD) use outside the osteoporosis setting (Note 96). However, whether this restriction could also have involved patients at risk for or with osteoporotic fractures has not yet been investigated. We retrospectively analyzed databases from five Italian Local Health Units. Patients aged ≥50 years with either at least one prescription for osteoporosis treatment or with fragility fractures and evidence of osteoporosis from 2011 to 2020 were included. The proportion of subjects with an interruption in VD treatment before and after the introduction of the new reimbursement criteria and predictors of this interruption were analyzed. A total of 94,505 patients (aged 69.4 years) were included. Following the introduction of Note 96, a 2-fold (OR 1.98, 95% CI: 1.92–2.04) increased risk of VD discontinuation was observed. These findings were independent of seasonal variation, osteoporosis treatment patterns, as well as other confounding variables. However, a higher rate of interruption was observed in patients without vertebral/femur fracture (37.8%) vs. those with fracture (32.9%). Rheumatoid arthritis, dyslipidemia and previous fracture were associated with a lower risk of VD interruption, while stroke increased the risk of VD interruption. Our results highlight that a possible misinterpretation of newly introduced criteria for reimbursement restrictions in VD outside of osteoporosis have resulted in an inadequate level of VD supplementation in patients with osteoporosis. This undertreatment could reduce the effect of osteoporosis therapies leading to increased risk of negative outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Degli Esposti
- CliCon Srl Società Benefit Health Economics and Outcome Research, 40137 Bologna, Italy; (L.D.E.); (V.P.)
| | - Valentina Perrone
- CliCon Srl Società Benefit Health Economics and Outcome Research, 40137 Bologna, Italy; (L.D.E.); (V.P.)
| | - Stefania Sella
- Clinica Medica 1, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Gaetano Arcidiacono
- Clinica Medica 1, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Francesco Bertoldo
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University Hospital AOUI, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Andrea Giustina
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) San Raffaele Hospital, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Minisola
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiology, and Cardiovascular Sciences Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nicola Napoli
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Passeri
- Unit of Clinica e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Rossini
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Sandro Giannini
- Clinica Medica 1, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (G.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0498212169
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Abe S, Kashii M, Shimada T, Suzuki K, Nishimoto S, Nakagawa R, Horiki M, Yasui Y, Namba J, Kuriyama K. Relationship between distal radius fracture severity and 25-hydroxyvitamin-D level among perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Bone Jt Open 2022; 3:261-267. [PMID: 35311581 PMCID: PMC8965785 DOI: 10.1302/2633-1462.33.bjo-2022-0004.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Low-energy distal radius fractures (DRFs) are the most common upper arm fractures correlated with bone fragility. Vitamin D deficiency is an important risk factor associated with DRFs. However, the relationship between DRF severity and vitamin D deficiency is not elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the correlation between DRF severity and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D level, which is an indicator of vitamin D deficiency. Methods This multicentre retrospective observational study enrolled 122 female patients aged over 45 years with DRFs with extension deformity. DRF severity was assessed by three independent examiners using 3D CT. Moreover, it was categorized based on the AO classification, and the degree of articular and volar cortex comminution was evaluated. Articular comminution was defined as an articular fragment involving three or more fragments, and volar cortex comminution as a fracture in the volar cortex of the distal fragment. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D level, bone metabolic markers, and bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, hip, and wrist were evaluated six months after injury. According to DRF severity, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D level, parameters correlated with bone metabolism, and BMD was compared. Results The articular comminuted group (n = 28) had a significantly lower median serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D level than the non-comminuted group (n = 94; 13.4 ng/ml (interquartile range (IQR) 9.8 to 17.3) vs 16.2 ng/ml (IQR 12.5 to 20.4); p = 0.005). The AO classification and volar cortex comminution were not correlated with the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D level. Bone metabolic markers and BMD did not significantly differ in terms of DRF severities. Conclusion Articular comminuted DRF, referred to as AO C3 fracture, is significantly associated with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D levels. Therefore, vitamin D3 supplementation for vitamin D deficiency might prevent articular comminuted DRFs. Nevertheless, further studies must be conducted to validate the results of the current study. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(3):261–267.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Abe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kashii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Shimada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nishimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Reiko Nakagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Horiki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Yasui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, JCHO Hoshigaoka Medical Center, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Jiro Namba
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, JCHO Hoshigaoka Medical Center, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Kohji Kuriyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Japan
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Xu H, Liu Y, Li Y, Luo W, Liu Z, Jian Y. Therapeutic Mechanism of Chinese Medicine on the Healing of Early and Middle Fractures in Rabbits Under the Expression Level of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) in Bone Tissue. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In order to explore the therapeutic mechanism of Chinese medicine on the healing of rabbits early and middle fractures, a rabbit fracture model was established in this study. The study was divided into several groups, i.e., treatment group (TG) (fed with Chinese medicine Capsule) and
control group (CG) (fed with normal saline (NS)). The materials were collected at 1, 3, and 5 weeks after the start of the experiment for analysis. The experiment content included: callus Hematoxylin-Eosin staining (HE staining); Bone Morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) protein level detection;
Type I and type II bone collagen (BC) detection; and serum biochemical factors detection. The experimental results showed that the formation of callus in the TG was better than in the CG; the BMP-2 protein expression level in the TG was higher than in the CG, and there were statistically significant
differences (SSDs); the type I and type II BC levels in the TG were higher than the CG, there were SSDs; the levels of serum calcium (SC), phosphorus ion (PI), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the TG were also higher than in the CG, and there were SSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hegui Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuxiong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wenbing Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhenyang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuekui Jian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Lim C, Roh YH, Kim S, Nam KW. Preoperative Vitamin D Deficiency is Associated with Postoperative Functional Recovery and Complications after Hip Fracture Surgery. J Bone Metab 2021; 28:333-338. [PMID: 34905680 PMCID: PMC8671027 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2021.28.4.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low concentrations of vitamin D are considered one of the risk factors for hip fracture and are associated with worse outcomes. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare vitamin D deficient group and vitamin D sufficient group and assess the association preoperative vitamin D deficiency and postoperative walking ability after hip fracture surgery. Methods Between January 2014 and January 2020, 1,029 elderly patients with hip fracture (243 in men and 785 in women) were measured preoperative serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 levels. Among 1,029 elderly patients, 702 patients were classified as Vitamin D deficient group (<20 ng/mL). Outcome parameters for functional recovery were the length of the hospital stay and KOVAL score, and those for complications were delirium, pneumonia, and thromboembolism. Results The mean length of the hospital stay in the vitamin D deficient group was significantly longer than in the vitamin D sufficient group (27.7±17.8 vs. 2.9±11.8 days; odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.05; P=0.001). The mean postoperative KOVAL score in the deficient group was significantly higher than in the sufficient group (4.0±2.1 vs. 3.1±1.9 days; OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.11–1.32; P=0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with a higher risk of delirium and pneumonia in deficiency group. Conclusions Preoperative vitamin D deficiency in hip fractures patients was associated with prolonged duration of hospital stay and decrease of postoperative ambulatory status, and may increase the risk of delirium and pneumonia. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the preoperative vitamin D level and recommend vitamin D supplementation in elderly patients with a high probability of hip fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaemoon Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Young Ho Roh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Saeil Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Kwang Woo Nam
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Korea
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Kane SM, Tanaka S, Smith M. Delivery Technique for Fibular Strut Bone Grafting to Proximal Humerus Nonunion Fractures. Tech Orthop 2021; 36:464-8. [DOI: 10.1097/bto.0000000000000489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sinha NK, Sinha RK. Vitamin D in Ankle Fractures. Malays Orthop J 2021; 15:174-175. [PMID: 34429841 PMCID: PMC8381673 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2107.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N K Sinha
- Department of Orthopaedics, Manipal University College Malaysia, Malacca City, Malaysia
| | - R K Sinha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, India
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Wijayanti I, Benjakul S, Sookchoo P. Effect of high pressure heating on physical and chemical characteristics of Asian sea bass ( Lates calcarifer) backbone. J Food Sci Technol 2021; 58:3120-3129. [PMID: 34294974 PMCID: PMC8249512 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04815-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Physical and chemical properties of Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) backbone subjected to high pressure heating (autoclaving, 121ºC) for different times (30 min; AT-30; 60 min; AT-60; 90 min; AT-90) were studied. As heating time augmented, the increases in protein, α-amino group and hydroxyproline contents in liquor were attained, while hardness was declined indicating that more organic compounds were leached out from the bone matrix. More pronounced XRD pattern was observed in backbone autoclaved for 90 min as a consequence of nano-hydroxyapatite crystals agglomeration. Extension of high-pressure heating time reduced the organic matters as elucidated by TGA and DTA data. Asian sea bass backbone heated at 121ºC for 90 min using autoclave had the lowered protein and lipid contents but increased ash content with highest calcium (29.65 ± 0.69%), phosphorus (15.80 ± 0.07%) and iron (15.10 ± 0.61 mg/kg) contents, compared to those with shorter heating time. Therefore, pre-heat treatment could reduce the organic compounds and decrease bone hardness for further process, especially for bio-calcium production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ima Wijayanti
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand
- Department of Fish Products Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275 Indonesia
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand
| | - Pornsatit Sookchoo
- Center of Excellence in Bio-based Materials and Packaging Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand
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Abstract
Compared with other proximal femoral fractures, subtrochanteric fractures are at a higher risk for nonunion because of the high deforming forces in this region, the associated increased risk of malreduction, and the risk of poor bone healing secondary to bisphosphonate use frequently associated with these fractures. Further understanding of nonunion of subtrochanteric fractures is of increasing importance given the rise in incidence of subtrochanteric hip fractures. Surgeons should be aware of risk factors for nonunion and techniques for prevention as well as surgical management and complications associated with surgical implantation devices. Surgeons should also consider using adjuncts including bone-grafting and biologic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J DeRogatis
- 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY
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Wu X, Zhou X, Liang S, Zhu X, Dong Z. The mechanism of pyrroloquinoline quinone influencing the fracture healing process of estrogen-deficient mice by inhibiting oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111598. [PMID: 33895522 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is reported that oxidative stress plays a detrimental role in the process of bone fracture healing. And pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is used as antioxidant. However, there is no report about whether PQQ supplementation can promote fracture healing by eliminating oxidative stress. To investigate the protective effect of PQQ on fracture healing, open mid-diaphyseal femur fractures model were created in sham, ovariectomized (OVX) mice and PQQ-treated OVX mice. Our results confirmed that PQQ played a preventive and protective role in OVX-induced delay of bone fracture healing by inhibiting oxidative stress, subsequently promoting osteoblastic bone formation and inhibiting osteoclastic bone resorption. The findings of this study not only revealed the mechanism of PQQ supplementation in promoting fracture healing, but also provide experimental and theoretical basis for the clinical application of PQQ in the treatment of bone fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Liang
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingyu Zhu
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhan Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
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Siddiqui AA, Kumar J, Adeel M, Yaqoob U, Rajput MI. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children presenting with supracondylar fractures of humerus. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14056. [PMID: 33525057 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the current analysis is to evaluate the predominance of vitamin D inadequacy in children with supracondylar fracture of the humerus. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted at Dr Ruth K. M. Pfau Civil, Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from December 2019 to July 2020. Patients aged 18 months-18 years presenting with supracondylar fractures were included in the study. Patients were divided into four groups based on their age as toddlers (18 months to 3 years), pre-school age (3-5 years), school-age (6 to 11 years) and adolescents (11-18 years). RESULTS A total of 227 children presented with upper limb fractures of which 72 (31.7%) were supracondylar. The mean vitamin D level was found to be 32.5 ± 9.1 ng/mL. Of the study subjects, low vitamin D levels were found in 34.7% (n = 25), adequate in 59.7% (n = 43) and ideal in 5.5% (n = 4) of patients. The mean vitamin D levels for toddlers were 33.5 ng/mL, for preschool children was 27.66 ng/mL, for school-age children was 30.4 ng/mL and for adolescents was 37 ng/mL. CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency is not only restricted to Pakistan but also other parts of the world, although the reasons may vary in each of those regions. However, vitamin D supplementation in all parts of the globe can prevent a significant number of fractures. This prevalence study showed vitamin D deficiency in 35% of children with supracondylar fractures, with the lowest mean values in the preschool age group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jagdesh Kumar
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mariyam Adeel
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Uzair Yaqoob
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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Ingstad F, Solberg LB, Nordsletten L, Thorsby PM, Hestnes I, Frihagen F. Vitamin D status and complications, readmissions, and mortality after hip fracture. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:873-881. [PMID: 33201249 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05739-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Low vitamin D in patients with hip fracture is common. In the present study, 407 of 872 (47%) patients had serum calcidiol less than 50 nmol/L. Patients with low vitamin D had more delirium, more new hip fractures, and more medical readmissions, but not more orthopedic complications after 1 year. INTRODUCTION We wanted to study the relation between vitamin D level and postoperative orthopedic and medical complications in patients with hip fracture. In addition, we investigated the effect of giving a single-dose cholecalciferol 100.000 IU. METHODS Data were taken from the local hip fracture register. Logistic regression analyses including vitamin D level and potentially confounding variables were performed for complications and readmissions. RESULTS A total of 407 (47%) of 872 included hip fractures had low vitamin D at baseline. A total of 155 (18%) developed delirium, and the risk was higher in vitamin D-deficient patients (odds ratio (OR) 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04 to 2.12; p = 0.03). A total of 261 (30%) were readmitted for non-hip-related conditions. Low vitamin D was associated with a higher risk of medical readmissions within 30 days (OR 1.64 (1.03 to 2.61); p = 0.036) and 12 weeks (OR 1.47 (95% CI 1.02 to 2.12); p = 0.039). There was a higher risk of a new hip fracture (OR 2.84 (95% CI 1.15 to 7.03) p = 0.024) in vitamin D-deficient patients. A total of 105 (12%) developed at least one orthopedic complication, with no correlation to baseline vitamin D. Among vitamin D-deficient patients, those receiving a single-dose of 100.000 IU cholecalciferol had fewer orthopedic complications (OR 0.32 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.97) p = 0.044) the first 30 days after surgery. CONCLUSION Low vitamin D at admission for hip fracture increased the risk of delirium, a new hip fracture, and medical readmissions, but not orthopedic complications. The role of vitamin D supplementation to prevent orthopedic complications requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ingstad
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - L B Solberg
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - L Nordsletten
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - P M Thorsby
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - I Hestnes
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - F Frihagen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway
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Abstract
Bone grafting is one of the most commonly used options to treat large bone defects. Evidence has shown that vitamin D may affect osseointegration, a major component for successful bone grafting. In vitro studies have proved that implants coated with activated vitamin D stimulate bone production and reduce bone resorption around implants. Animal studies have noticed that oral administration of vitamin D may stimulate bone formation as well as strengthen and support the interaction between bone and implants. Vitamin D insufficiency may affect negatively the cortical peri-implant bone formation, suggesting a negative effect in graft incorporation. Few clinical studies have observed that vitamin D administration enhanced graft incorporation and bone formation, while severe vitamin D deficiency is associated with failed implant osseointegration. Even though there are encouraging results of vitamin D supplementation on graft incorporation in animal studies, the use of vitamin D as an adjuvant in bone grafting procedures cannot be fully supported at the moment. However, there is theoretical support in the use of vitamin D after surgery and the use of bone grafts to support the bone structure, relieve pain and increase graft absorption. Further experimental and clinical studies are required to support the administration of vitamin D and its analogues in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Markopoulos
- Second Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC
| | | | - Despina N Perrea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC
| | - Dimitrios C Iliopoulos
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC
| | - Vasileios S Nikolaou
- Second Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC
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Ratajczak AE, Zawada A, Rychter AM, Dobrowolska A, Krela-Kaźmierczak I. Milk and Dairy Products: Good or Bad for Human Bone? Practical Dietary Recommendations for the Prevention and Management of Osteoporosis. Nutrients 2021; 13:1329. [PMID: 33920532 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis affects women twice as often as men. Additionally, it is estimated that 0.3 million and 1.7 million people have hip fractures in the USA and Europe, respectively. Having a proper peak bone mass and keeping it as long as possible is especially important for osteoporosis prevention. One of the most important calcium sources is milk and dairy products. Breast milk is the best infant food, but milk should not be avoided later in life to prevent losing bone mass. On the other hand, more and more people limit their milk consumption and consume other dairy or non-dairy products. For example, they are usually replaced with plant beverages, which should be consumed carefully in several age groups. Additionally, an important element of milk and dairy products, as well as plant beverages, are probiotics and prebiotics, which may modulate bone turnover. Dietary recommendations focused on milk, and dairy products are an important element for the prevention of osteoporosis.
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Ciosek Ż, Kot K, Kosik-Bogacka D, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Rotter I. The Effects of Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Fluoride, and Lead on Bone Tissue. Biomolecules 2021; 11:506. [PMID: 33800689 PMCID: PMC8066206 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bones are metabolically active organs. Their reconstruction is crucial for the proper functioning of the skeletal system during bone growth and remodeling, fracture healing, and maintaining calcium-phosphorus homeostasis. The bone metabolism and tissue properties are influenced by trace elements that may act either indirectly through the regulation of macromineral metabolism, or directly by affecting osteoblast and osteoclast proliferation or activity, or through becoming part of the bone mineral matrix. This study analyzes the skeletal impact of macroelements (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus), microelements (fluorine), and heavy metals (lead), and discusses the concentration of each of these elements in the various bone tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Żaneta Ciosek
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (Ż.C.); (I.R.)
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Iwona Rotter
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (Ż.C.); (I.R.)
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Sheth B, Akil Prabhakar S, Pawar P, Ganwir H, Panchal S, Jain A. Calcium prescription by Indian orthopaedic surgeons: A survey and a review of literature. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2021; 16:292-298. [PMID: 33747782 PMCID: PMC7972954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgeons prefer calcium supplement for various pathologies like fracture, osteoporosis, chronic musculoskeletal pain, yet there is no proper evidence to support the benefits of taking them regularly. The average requirement for calcium is around 500-1000 mg/day for a healthy adult, this amount of calcium is not achieved by diet, especially in developing countries like India. Despite this, the serum calcium level remains unaltered, due to the well-controlled absorption and excretion of calcium by the human body. As there is no clarity over the dose, duration and the prefered calcium salts, we constructed a survey to find the preferred dose, duration, the preferred calcium salts among orthopaedic surgeons, and to give an in-depth review of literature about dose, duration, timing, preferred calcium salt and various other calcium-related queries. MATERIALS AND METHOD The survey included 15 pre-structured questionnaires; these questions were formatted and validated by senior surgeons and other specialists after a through a review of calcium-related literature. These questionnaires were used in a pilot study conducted within the department and were later modified and separated into 7 sections. Data were collected by both online survey (google forms) and direct interviews. RESULT AND CONCLUSION 128 Orthopedic surgeons responded. The total number of response obtained was 2355. Unanswered questions were 152. From the survey, it was found that most orthopaedic surgeons prefer to prescribe calcium routinely (55.46%). The commonly used calcium salt was calcium carbonate (47.65%), followed by citrate (32.8%). 42.18% were not aware of the efficiency of prescribing calcium in divided doses. Most responded that calcium is not to be given for patients with renal stones, but literature shows that calcium prescribed reduces the recurrence of commonest kidney stones, calcium oxalate stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binoti Sheth
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and Hospital, 1st floor College Building, LTMC Hospital, Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Rd, RB2 Central Railway Quarters, Sion West, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400022, India
| | - S. Akil Prabhakar
- Department of Orthopaedics, KEM Hospital, 6th floor Department of Orthopaedics, MS Building, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel East, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India,Corresponding author.
| | - Pankaj Pawar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and Hospital, 1st floor College Building, LTMC Hospital, Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Rd, RB2 Central Railway Quarters, Sion West, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400022, India
| | - Himanshu Ganwir
- Department of Orthopaedics, 1st floor College Building, LTMC Hospital, Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Rd, RB2 Central Railway Quarters, Sion West, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400022, India
| | - Sameer Panchal
- Department of Orthopaedics, Grant Medical college and Sir JJ group of hospitals, Sir JJ hospital, Byculla, Mumbai, 400008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Akash Jain
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and Hospital, 1st floor College Building, LTMC Hospital, Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Rd, RB2 Central Railway Quarters, Sion West, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400022, India
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Haag SL, Schiele NR, Bernards MT. Enhancement and mechanisms of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cell adhesion to albumin through calcium exposure. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:492-502. [PMID: 33586804 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Serum albumin is the most prominent protein in blood, and it aids in bone fracture healing, though the manner through which enhanced healing occurs is not well understood. This study investigates the influence of calcium on the bioactivity of albumin due to the prevalence of calcium at bone injury sites. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was exposed to varying concentrations of calcium, adsorbed to tissue culture polystyrene, and the subsequent BSA-coated surfaces were evaluated with calcium titration, and cell adhesion, viability, and binding inhibition studies. Calcium-modified BSA improved overall MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cell adhesion, although high calcium concentrations induced cell death. Inhibiting specific integrins revealed that without calcium exposure, cell binding to BSA was primarily mediated by integrins that typically bind to the GFOGER sequence of collagen. As calcium exposure increases, the primary binding interaction transitioned to integrins known to bind RGD. However, cell binding to calcium-modified BSA was not completely eliminated during the inhibition studies indicating additional unidentified binding interactions occur. Overall, these results suggest that the exposure to calcium induces conformational changes that affect the cell-binding bioactivity of BSA, which may explain the beneficial impact of albumin in bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Haag
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Nathan R Schiele
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Matthew T Bernards
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
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