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Shitara K, Fleitas T, Kawakami H, Curigliano G, Narita Y, Wang F, Wardhani SO, Basade M, Rha SY, Wan Zamaniah WI, Sacdalan DL, Ng M, Yeh KH, Sunpaweravong P, Sirachainan E, Chen MH, Yong WP, Peneyra JL, Ibtisam MN, Lee KW, Krishna V, Pribadi RR, Li J, Lui A, Yoshino T, Baba E, Nakayama I, Pentheroudakis G, Shoji H, Cervantes A, Ishioka C, Smyth E. Pan-Asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with gastric cancer. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102226. [PMID: 38458658 PMCID: PMC10937212 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.102226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with gastric cancer (GC), published in late 2022 and the updated ESMO Gastric Cancer Living Guideline published in July 2023, were adapted in August 2023, according to previously established standard methodology, to produce the Pan-Asian adapted (PAGA) ESMO consensus guidelines for the management of Asian patients with GC. The adapted guidelines presented in this manuscript represent the consensus opinions reached by a panel of Asian experts in the treatment of patients with GC representing the oncological societies of China (CSCO), Indonesia (ISHMO), India (ISMPO), Japan (JSMO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS), the Philippines (PSMO), Singapore (SSO), Taiwan (TOS) and Thailand (TSCO), coordinated by ESMO and the Japanese Society of Medical Oncology (JSMO). The voting was based on scientific evidence and was independent of the current treatment practices, drug access restrictions and reimbursement decisions in the different Asian regions represented by the 10 oncological societies. The latter are discussed separately in the manuscript. The aim is to provide guidance for the optimisation and harmonisation of the management of patients with GC across the different regions of Asia, drawing on the evidence provided by both Western and Asian trials, whilst respecting the differences in screening practices, molecular profiling and age and stage at presentation. Attention is drawn to the disparity in the drug approvals and reimbursement strategies, between the different regions of Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shitara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.
| | - T Fleitas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - H Kawakami
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - G Curigliano
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, IRCCS, Milan; Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Y Narita
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - F Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Mainland China
| | - S O Wardhani
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Medical Hematology-Oncology, Brawijaya University, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - M Basade
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jaslok Hospital and Breach Candy Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - S Y Rha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
| | - W I Wan Zamaniah
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - D L Sacdalan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, The Philippines
| | - M Ng
- Department of GI Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K H Yeh
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - P Sunpaweravong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla
| | - E Sirachainan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - M-H Chen
- Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W P Yong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J L Peneyra
- St. Peregrine Oncology Unit, San Juan de Dios Hospital, Pasay City, The Philippines
| | - M N Ibtisam
- Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, General Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K-W Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - V Krishna
- Department of Medical Oncology, AIG Hospital, Hyderabad, India
| | - R R Pribadi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Pancreatobiliary Oncology and Digestive Endoscopy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - J Li
- Department of Oncology, University of Tongji, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, Mainland China
| | - A Lui
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Philippines Medical Center ESM, Davao City, The Philippines
| | - T Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - E Baba
- Department of Oncology and Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - I Nakayama
- Department of Gastroenterological Chemotherapy, Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - H Shoji
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Cervantes
- Department of Medical Oncology, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Ishioka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - E Smyth
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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Lui A, Zeng J, Chen J, Weg ES, Ellis W, Psutka SP, Nyame YA, Yezefski T, Lin D, Schade G, Liao JJ. Proton Radiation Therapy for Stage IIA/IIB Testicular Seminoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e411-e412. [PMID: 37785363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Testicular seminoma affects young men and is associated with very favorable prognosis. The evolution in treatment paradigm has focused on minimizing acute and especially late toxicities. Following orchiectomy, while surveillance is favored in Stage I patients, radiotherapy (RT) is a standard treatment option for de novo or relapsed stage IIA or select non-bulky stage IIB disease. Despite low doses, standard RT fields to paraaortic and pelvic lymphatics using x-rays exposes a large volume of uninvolved normal tissue/viscera to excess dose. This young patient population is especially vulnerable to risks of late RT toxicities including secondary malignancy. Proton beam therapy (PBT) has dosimetric advantage over x-ray-based RT due to lack of exit dose, and comparative dosimetric/modeling studies show significant sparing of uninvolved abdominal/pelvic organs. However, there is scant reported clinical data at this time for PBT. We review our early institutional outcomes with PBT for testicular seminoma. MATERIALS/METHODS Single institution retrospective review from a tertiary care center of patients treated with PBT from 2013-2022 for testicular seminoma. Recurrence free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated from the completion of PBT. Toxicities were graded (Gr) using CTCAE v5.0. RESULTS Four patients underwent PBT, median age 39 (range 36-47). All were Stage I at diagnosis (pT1b n = 3; pT2 n = 1) and were treated for recurrent stage II disease (IIA n = 3; IIB n = 1) at a median of 34 months from orchiectomy (range 3 - 74 months). Nodal extent included 2 with multiple paraaortic nodes, 1 with solitary paraaortic node and 1 with solitary pelvic node. PBT was delivered with pencil-beam scanning, treating paraaortic + ipsilateral pelvic fields (20 Gy in 10 fractions), then sequential boost to involved nodes (10 -16 Gy in 5-8 fractions). Typically, PA or posterior oblique fields were used to minimize dose to out-of-field abdominal/pelvic viscera. Treatment was well tolerated with minimal acute toxicities: fatigue Gr 1 (n = 3), nausea Gr 1 (n = 3). No Gr 2 or higher acute toxicities or significant late toxicities were observed. At median follow up of 30 months (range 3 - 54), no recurrences were observed, and RFS and OS were 100%. Two patients are without evidence of disease > 4 years post-treatment. CONCLUSION In this case series, PBT for retroperitoneal and pelvic metastases in Stage IIA/IIB testicular seminoma was associated with oncologic efficacy with minimal toxicity. PBT reduces unnecessary dose to abdominal/pelvic organs compared to x-ray techniques, which is advantageous in young patients who have anticipated long-term survival. This is one of the few series reporting clinical outcomes of PBT in the management of seminoma. Randomized comparisons with x-ray approaches are impractical given the relatively low volume of patients receiving RT in modern seminoma management, so it is essential to report and track longitudinal outcomes across institutions to validate this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lui
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - J Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - J Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - E S Weg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - W Ellis
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - S P Psutka
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Y A Nyame
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - D Lin
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - G Schade
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - J J Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
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Abraham AG, Joseph K, Spratlin JL, Zebak S, Alba V, Iafolla M, Ghosh S, Abdelaziz Z, Lui A, Paulson K, Bedard E, Chua N, Tankel K, Koski S, Scarfe A, Severin D, Zhu X, King K, Easaw JC, Mulder KE. Does Loosening the Inclusion Criteria of the CROSS Trial Impact Outcomes in the Curative-Intent Trimodality Treatment of Oesophageal and Gastroesophageal Cancer Patients? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2022; 34:e369-e376. [PMID: 35680509 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the efficacy of preoperative chemoradiotherapy as per the CROSS protocol for oesophageal/gastroesophageal junction cancer (OEGEJC), when expanded to patients outside of the inclusion/exclusion criteria defined in the original clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were collected retrospectively on 229 OEGEJC patients referred for curative-intent preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Outcomes including pathological complete response (pCR), overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients who met CROSS inclusion criteria (MIC) versus those who failed to meet criteria (FMIC) were determined. RESULTS In total, 42.8% of patients MIC, whereas 57.2% FMIC; 16.6% of patients did not complete definitive surgery. The MIC cohort had higher rates of pCR, when compared with the FMIC cohort (33.3% versus 20.6%, P = 0.039). The MIC cohort had a better RFS, cancer-specific survival and OS compared with the FMIC cohort (P = 0.006, P = 0.004 and P = 0.009, respectively). Age >75 years and pretreatment weight loss >10% were not associated with a poorer RFS (P = 0.541 and 0.458, respectively). Compared with stage I-III patients, stage IVa was associated with a poorer RFS (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.158; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.339-3.480, P = 0.001). Tumours >8 cm in length or >5 cm in width had a trend towards worse RFS (HR = 2.060; 95% CI = 0.993-4.274, P = 0.052). CONCLUSION Our study showed that the robust requirements of the CROSS trial may limit treatment for patients with potentially curable OEGEJC and can be adapted to include patients with a good performance status who are older than 75 years or have >10% pretreatment weight loss. However, the inclusion of patients with celiac nodal metastases or tumours >8 cm in length or >5 cm in width may be associated with poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Abraham
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Joseph
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - J L Spratlin
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - S Zebak
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - V Alba
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Iafolla
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Ghosh
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Z Abdelaziz
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Clinical Oncology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Lui
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Paulson
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - E Bedard
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Royal Alexandra Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - N Chua
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Tankel
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - S Koski
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Scarfe
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - D Severin
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - X Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K King
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - J C Easaw
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K E Mulder
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Kadesh AD, Baban S, Chaudhary R, Shi J, Ahluwalia J, Lui A, Daly G, Reddy S, Giles DL, White MP, Grimes CL. Variation of Chargemaster Price Listings for Hysterectomy Procedures across Five States. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2021.09.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lui A, Parvathaneni U, Laramore G, Rockhill J, Halasz L, Liao J. Neutron Radiation Therapy and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery Boost for Locally Advanced Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma with Skull Base Invasion. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yusuf D, Vos L, Lui A, Abdelaziz Z, Ghosh S, Spratlin J, Mackey J. Antibodies matter: A meta-analysis of the prognostic value of human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1) antibodies in pancreatobiliary cancer. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy151.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lui A, Parvathaneni U, Laramore G, Rodriguez C, Rostomily R, Silbergeld D, Ferreira M, Futran N, Moe K, Davis G, Humphreys I, Houlton J, Schaub S, Liao J. Management and Long Term Outcomes of Esthesioneuroblastoma at a Single Institution. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Castles F, Isakov D, Lui A, Lei Q, Dancer CEJ, Wang Y, Janurudin JM, Speller SC, Grovenor CRM, Grant PS. Microwave dielectric characterisation of 3D-printed BaTiO3/ABS polymer composites. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22714. [PMID: 26940381 PMCID: PMC4778131 DOI: 10.1038/srep22714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
3D printing is used extensively in product prototyping and continues to emerge as a viable option for the direct manufacture of final parts. It is known that dielectric materials with relatively high real permittivity—which are required in important technology sectors such as electronics and communications—may be 3D printed using a variety of techniques. Among these, the fused deposition of polymer composites is particularly straightforward but the range of dielectric permittivities available through commercial feedstock materials is limited. Here we report on the fabrication of a series of composites composed of various loadings of BaTiO3 microparticles in the polymer acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), which may be used with a commercial desktop 3D printer to produce printed parts containing user-defined regions with high permittivity. The microwave dielectric properties of printed parts with BaTiO3 loadings up to 70 wt% were characterised using a 15 GHz split post dielectric resonator and had real relative permittivities in the range 2.6–8.7 and loss tangents in the range 0.005–0.027. Permittivities were reproducible over the entire process, and matched those of bulk unprinted materials, to within ~1%, suggesting that the technique may be employed as a viable manufacturing process for dielectric composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Castles
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - D Isakov
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - A Lui
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Q Lei
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - C E J Dancer
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom.,International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM), Warwick Manufacturing Group, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - J M Janurudin
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - S C Speller
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - C R M Grovenor
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - P S Grant
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
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Liotti E, Lui A, Connolley T, Dolbnya IP, Sawhney KJS, Malandain A, Wilson MD, Veale MC, Seller P, Grant PS. Mapping of multi-elements during melting and solidification using synchrotron X-rays and pixel-based spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15988. [PMID: 26522250 PMCID: PMC4629166 DOI: 10.1038/srep15988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A new synchrotron-based technique for elemental imaging that combines radiography and fluorescence spectroscopy has been developed and applied to study the spatial distribution of Ag, Zr and Mo in an Al alloy during heating and melting to 700, and then re-soldification. For the first time, multi-element distributions have been mapped independently and simultaneously, showing the dissolution of Ag- and Zr-rich particles during melting and the inter-dendritic segregation of Ag during re-solidification. The new technique is shown to have wide potential for metallurgical and materials science applications where the dynamics of elemental re-distribution and segregation in complex alloys is of importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Liotti
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
| | - A Lui
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
| | - T Connolley
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - I P Dolbnya
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - K J S Sawhney
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - A Malandain
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - M D Wilson
- STFC, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - M C Veale
- STFC, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - P Seller
- STFC, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - P S Grant
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
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Dezfuli BS, Lui A, Pironi F, Manera M, Shinn AP, Lorenzoni M. Cell types and structures involved in tench, Tinca tinca (L.), defence mechanisms against a systemic digenean infection. J Fish Dis 2013; 36:577-585. [PMID: 23294469 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 10/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Histopathological and ultrastructural investigations were conducted on 36 tench, Tinca tinca (L.), from Lake Trasimeno (Italy). The gills, intestine, liver, spleen, kidney and heart of 21 individuals were found to harbour an extensive infection of larvae of an unidentified digenean trematode. The eyes, gonads, swim bladder and muscles were uninfected. The parasites in each tissue type were embedded in a granulomatous proliferation of tissue, forming a reactive fibroconnective capsule around each larva. Most of the encysted larvae were metacercariae, in a degenerative state, but on occasion some cercariae were found. Many of the granulomas were either necrotic or had a calcified core. Within the granuloma of each, the occurrence of granulocytes, macrophages, rodlet cells and pigment-bearing macrophage aggregates was observed. Hearts bore the highest parasitic infection. Whilst the presence of metacercariae within the intestine was found positioned between the submucosa and muscle layers, metacercariae in the liver were commonly found encysted on its surface where the hepatocytes in close contact with the granuloma were observed to have electron-lucent vesicles within their cytoplasm. Metacercariae encysting adjacent to the cartilaginous rods of gill filaments were seen to elicit a proliferation of the cartilage from the perichondrium. Rodlet cells, neutrophils and mast cells were frequently observed in close proximity to, and within, infected gill capillaries. Given the degenerated state of most granulomas, a morphology-based identification of the enclosed digeneans was not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Dezfuli
- Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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Dezfuli BS, Lui A, Giari L, Castaldelli G, Mulero V, Noga EJ. Infiltration and activation of acidophilic granulocytes in skin lesions of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, naturally infected with lymphocystis disease virus. Dev Comp Immunol 2012; 36:174-182. [PMID: 21762724 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Light, ultrastructural and immunocytochemical investigations were carried out on the skin of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata L., naturally infected with lymphocystis iridovirus, to assess pathology and host cellular responses. Of 220,000 young seabream examined, 32,400 (14.7%) had clinical signs of lymphocystis and within 6 months of disease appearance, 45% of clinically affected fish had died. A subsample of 20 S. aurata (80.0 ± 12.5mm total length, mean ± S.D.), including 10 with lymphocystis on the skin and 10 clinically normal, were examined via immunohistochemistry. Affected skin displayed macroscopic, wart-like clusters of hypertrophic fibroblasts which arose from the dermis and were covered by the epithelium. Clusters were encountered on the head, trunk and fins, but there was no evidence of visceral lymphocystis. The lymphocysts were surrounded by numerous granular cells that were positive for the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) piscidin 3 and underwent intense degranulation. To identify the type of granular cells involved in this viral disease, a double immunohistochemical staining with the monoclonal antibody G7 (mAb G7), which is specific for seabream acidophilic granulocytes (AGs), and with anti-histamine (as a marker for mast cells, MCs) was applied to the skin sections of the 10 clinically normal fish and 10 fish with lymphocystis. In infected skin, the number of G7-positive cells (i.e., AGs) (18.5 ± 10.5, mean number of cells per 20,000 μm(2) ± S.D.) was significantly higher compared to their density in uninfected skin (1.4 ± 2.2) (t test, p<0.01). Notably, the AGs that infiltrated the skin lesions of infected animals were found to be degranulated and to produce the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β. No histamine-positive granular cells (i.e., MCs) were encountered in the lymphocystis lesions. The present study shows the response of skin to lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) and provides evidence that AGs, but not MCs, are recruited and activated in response to this skin infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Dezfuli
- Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, St. Borsari 46, 44123 Ferrara, Italy.
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Dezfuli BS, Lui A, Squerzanti S, Lorenzoni M, Shinn AP. Confirmation of the hosts involved in the life cycle of an acanthocephalan parasite of Anguilla anguilla (L.) from Lake Piediluco and its effect on the reproductive potential of its amphipod intermediate host. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:2137-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2739-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vaillancourt C, Lui A, De Maio VJ, Wells GA, Stiell IG. Socioeconomic status influences bystander CPR and survival rates for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims. Resuscitation 2008; 79:417-23. [PMID: 18951678 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2008.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2008] [Revised: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 07/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While lower socioeconomic status is associated with lower level of education and increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases, the impact of socioeconomic status on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes is unclear. We used residential property values as a proxy for socioeconomic status to determine if there was an association with: (1) bystander CPR rates and (2) survival to hospital discharge for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. METHODS We performed a secondary data analysis of cardiac arrest cases prospectively collected as part of the Ontario Prehospital Advanced Life Support study, conducted in 20 cities with ALS and BLS-D paramedics. We measured patient and system characteristics for cardiac arrests of cardiac origin, not witnessed by EMS, occurring in a single residential dwelling. We obtained property values from the Municipal Property Assessment Corporation. Analyses included descriptive statistics with 95% CIs and stepwise logistic regression. RESULTS Three thousand six hundred cardiac arrest cases met our inclusion criteria between 1 January 1995 and 31 December 1999. Patient characteristics were: mean age 69.2, male 67.8%, witnessed 44.7%, bystander CPR 13.2%, VF/VT 33.8%, time to vehicle stop 5:36min:s, return of spontaneous circulation 12.7%, and survival 2.7%. Median property value was $184,000 (range $25,500-2,494,000). For each $100,000 increment in property value, the likelihood of receiving bystander CPR increased (OR=1.07; 95% CI 1.01-1.14; p=0.03) and survival decreased (OR=0.77; 95% CI 0.61-0.97; p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS This is the largest study showing an association between socioeconomic status and survival, and the first study showing an association with bystander CPR. Our findings suggest targeting CPR training among lower socioeconomic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vaillancourt
- Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Ignatoski KMW, Escara-Wilke JF, Dai JL, Lui A, Dougall W, Daignault S, Yao Z, Zhang J, Day ML, Sargent EE, Keller ET. RANKL inhibition is an effective adjuvant for docetaxel in a prostate cancer bone metastases model. Prostate 2008; 68:820-9. [PMID: 18324676 PMCID: PMC7480006 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docetaxel induces an anti-tumor response in men with advanced prostate cancer (PCa); however, the side effects associated with docetaxel treatment can be severe, resulting in discontinuation of therapy. Thus, identification of an effective adjuvant therapy to allow lower doses of docetaxel is needed. Advanced PCa is typically accompanied by skeletal metastasis. Receptor activator of NFkB ligand (RANKL) is a key pro-osteoclastic factor. Targeting RANKL decreases establishment and progression of PCa growth in bone in murine models. METHODS The efficacy of inhibiting RANKL, using a recombinant soluble RANK extracellular domain fused with the immunoglobulin Fc domain (RANK-Fc), was tested as an adjuvant therapy with docetaxel for PCa bone metastasis in a murine intra-tibial model. RESULT The combination of RANK-Fc and docetaxel reduced tumor burden in bone greater than either treatment alone. CONCLUSION The combination of docetaxel with a RANKL-inhibiting agent merits further investigation for treatment of advance PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Woods Ignatoski
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0940, USA
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Kalff A, Shortt J, Farr J, McLennan R, Lui A, Scott J, Spencer A. Laboratory tumor lysis syndrome complicating LBH589 therapy in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia. Haematologica 2008; 93:e16-7. [DOI: 10.3324/haematol.11933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Dezfuli BS, Lui A, Giovinazzo G, Giari L. Effect of Acanthocephala infection on the reproductive potential of crustacean intermediate hosts. J Invertebr Pathol 2007; 98:116-9. [PMID: 18096185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2007.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2007] [Revised: 11/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of a naturally acquired infection by three acanthocephalan parasites Dentitruncus truttae, Echinorhynchus truttae, and Polymorphus minutus on the reproductive potential of their intermediate host, Echinogammarus tibaldii (Amphipoda) from Lake Piediluco (Centre of Italy) was assessed. During May 2007, 1135 amphipods were collected from two different samplings and examined for larval helminths. Forty-five amphipods were infected and of those, 16 were infected with D. truttae (intensity=1-3 larvae), 15 with E. truttae (intensity=1-2 larvae), and 14 with P. minutus (intensity=1 larva). The sex ratio was nearly 1:1 in all examined amphipods. One female infected with D. truttae contained six eggs in the brood pouch and another female infected with E. truttae contained five eggs. However, none of the eight female amphipods harbouring P. minutus larva contained eggs in their brood pouch. Uninfected females of the same size and body length as that of the infected females contained between 20 and 32 eggs. No acanthocephalan species were found to co-occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Dezfuli
- Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, St. Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
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Lui A, Talbot FDF, Sourlrajan S, Fouda A, Matsuura T. Studies on Gas Transport Through Dry Cellulose Acetate Membranes Prepared by Solvent Exchange Technique. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01496398808075667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Lui
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , KIN 6N5 , Canada
| | - F. D. F. Talbot
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , KIN 6N5 , Canada
| | - S. Sourlrajan
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , KIN 6N5 , Canada
| | - A. Fouda
- b Division of Chemistry , National Research Council of Canada , Ottawa , K1A OR6 , Canada
| | - T. Matsuura
- b Division of Chemistry , National Research Council of Canada , Ottawa , K1A OR6 , Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- A. E. Fouda
- a Division of Chemistry , National Research Council of Canada , Ottawa , K1A OR6 , Canada
| | - T. Matsuura
- a Division of Chemistry , National Research Council of Canada , Ottawa , K1A OR6 , Canada
| | - A. Lui
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , KIN 6N5 , Canada
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Speranza G, Gottardi G, Pederzolli C, Lunelli L, Canteri R, Pasquardini L, Carli E, Lui A, Maniglio D, Brugnara M, Anderle M. Role of chemical interactions in bacterial adhesion to polymer surfaces. Biomaterials 2004; 25:2029-37. [PMID: 14741617 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Development of biomaterial-related infections is attracting an increasing interest due to the significant percentage of implant failure in the hospital care. Recent literature puts in evidence the dependence of the infection risk on the different biomaterials used, because of the different interactions between material surface and micro-organisms. Despite this, the mechanisms underlying the adhesion of bacteria to the biomaterial surface are still unclear. Aim of this work is to study the initial events of the processes responsible for the bacterial adhesion on polymers in order to prevent the development of bacterial infections and the consequent failure and replacement of biomedical devices. Electrostatic and Lifshitz-van der Waals forces are usually considered responsible for the interactions at the biomaterial interface. A new term that involves Lewis acid-base interactions is here introduced to better describe the bacterial adhesion to the polymer surface. Two requirements are needed to test this hypothesis: the development of an ideal polymeric surface in terms of chemical and morphological properties and the choice of a specific bacterial strain to be utilized as "probe". Experiments were worked out using an Escherichia coli (Gram-) strain that represent one of the principal isolates from infected biomaterial implants and its adhesion was investigated on polymers having different acid/basic character. The findings indicate that the bacterial adhesion is influenced by the chemical properties of the polymeric surface. These results may be interpreted taking into account a mechanism in which the acid/base (Lewis) interaction plays an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Speranza
- ITC-IRST, Centro per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica, Sommarive str 18, 38050 Povo, Trento, Italy.
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Del Priore G, Feinstein S, Williams F, Lui A. The accuracy of hysteroscopic visual impression for diagnosing endometrial complex atypical hyperplasia or cancer. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(00)80478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Vaghadia H, Chan V, Ganapathy S, Lui A, McKenna J, Zimmer K. A multicentre trial of ropivacaine 7.5 mg x ml(-1) vs bupivacaine 5 mg x ml(-1) for supra clavicular brachial plexus anesthesia. Can J Anaesth 1999; 46:946-51. [PMID: 10522581 DOI: 10.1007/bf03013129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacy of ropivacaine 7.5 mg x ml(-1) with bupivacaine 5.0 mg x ml(-1) for subclavian perivascular brachial plexus block. METHODS After informed consent, 104 ASA I-III adults participated in a randomized, double-blind, multi-center trial to receive 30 ml of either ropivacaine 7.5 mg x ml(-1) or bupivacaine 5.0 mg x ml(-1) for subclavian perivascular brachial plexus block prior to upper limb surgery. Onset and duration of sensory and motor block in the distribution of the axillary, median, musculo-cutaneous, radial and ulnar nerves were assessed. RESULTS Onset times and duration of sensory and motor block were similar between groups. Mean duration of analgesia for the five nerves was between 11.3 and 14.3 hr with ropivacaine and between 10.3 and 17.1 hr with bupivacaine. Quality of muscle relaxation judged as excellent by the investigators was not significantly different (ropivacaine - 35/49, bupivacaine - 30/49). The median time to first request for analgesia was comparable between the two groups (11-12 hr). One patient developed a grand mal seizure shortly after receiving bupivacaine and recovered consciousness within 30 min. There were no serious adverse events in the ropivacaine group. CONCLUSIONS Thirty ml ropivacaine 7.5 mg x ml(-1) (225 mg) produced effective and well tolerated brachial plexus block of long duration by the subclavian perivascular route. In this study, the results were similar to those of 30 ml bupivacaine 5.0 mg x ml(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Vaghadia
- Department of Anaesthesia, Vancouver General Hospital, BC, Canada.
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Lagaud GJ, Lam E, Lui A, van Breemen C, Laher I. Nonspecific inhibition of myogenic tone by PD98059, a MEK1 inhibitor, in rat middle cerebral arteries. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 257:523-7. [PMID: 10198244 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Activation of MAP kinase kinase, also called ERK kinase (MEK), may lead to desinhibition of thin filament regulatory proteins and we therefore investigated the acute effects of the potent MEK inhibitor, PD98059 on the contractile properties of pressurized rat middle cerebral arteries. Cerebral arteries (diameter 100-150 microm) were mounted on a pressure myograph and PD98059 (10 microM, 40 microM) significantly inhibited (15% and 64%) myogenic tone (P < 0.001). At these concentrations, PD98059 also significantly reduced the vasopressin (0.1 microM)- and KCl (60 mM)-induced tone. Cumulative addition of exogenous Ca2+ (0.4-1.6 mM) increased myogenic tone to approximately 50% of constriction at 80 mmHg. This effect was inhibited by PD98059 (P < 0.001). These results demonstrate that pressure-induced myogenic tone is inhibited by PD98059 at the concentrations that have been reported to be selective for inhibition of MEK and the MAP kinase cascade. However, our results also demonstrate that PD98059 may have nonspecific effects on voltage-sensitive Ca2+ entry in vascular smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Lagaud
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Hurtado C, Bradley J, Burns AR, Bradley J, Karkouti K, Hurtado C, Burns AR, Bradley J, Anderson R, Abrahamson SD, Mazer CD, Hung OR, Comeau L, Fisher JA, Tessler J, Rucker J, Mathicu A, Murray-Foster S, Tz-Chong C, Chi-Yuan L, Tsuda T, Tabuchi A, Sasano H, Kiriyama M, Okada A, Hayano J, Takeuchi A, Katsuya H, Tousignant CP, Mazer CD, Tousignant CP, Mazer CD, Ling E, Arellano R, Dowd N, Karski J, Cheng D, Carroll-Munro J, Rose DK, Mazer CO, Cohen MM, Wigglesworth D, McKay WPS, Teskey RJ, Militzer J, Kember G, Blanchet T, Gregson PH, Howells SR, Robblee JA, Breen TW, Dierenfield L, McNeil T, Breen TW, McNeil T, Dierenfield L, Nicholson DJ, Kowalski SE, Hamilton GA, Meyers MP, Serrette C, Duke PC, Custeau I, Martin R, Larabée S, Pirlet M, Pilote M, Tetrault JP, Tsui BCH, Gupta S, Finucane B, Weisbrod MJ, Chan VWS, Kaszas Z, Dragomir C, Cohen MR, Gandhi M, Clanachan AS, Finegan BA, Isaac L, Splinter WM, Hall LA, Gould HM, Rhine EJ, Bergeron L, Girard M, Drolet P, Truong HHL, Boucher C, Vézina D, Lessard MR, Gourdeau M, Trépanier CA, Yang T, Breen TW, Macarthur A, Chouinard P, Fugère F, Ruel M, Tarkkila P, Silvasti M, Tuominen M, Svartling N, Rosenberg PH, Bond DM, Rudan JF, Adams MA, Tsang BK, Keahey W, Gagliese L, Jackson M, Ritvo P, Wowk A, Sandler AN, Katz J, Laffey JG, Boylan JF, Badner NH, Komar WE, Bond DM, Cherry RA, Spadafora SM, Butler RJ, McHardy F, Fortier J, Chung F, Marshall S, Krishnathas A, Wong J, Chung F, Ritchie E, McHardy F, Marshall S, Fortier J, Meikle A, Avery N, van Vlymen J, Parlow JL, Sinclair D, Chung F, Mezei G, Jin F, Chung F, Norris A, Ganeshram T, MacLeod BA, Azmudéh A, Franciosi LG, Ries CR, Schwarz SKW, McKay WPS, Gregson PH, McKay BWS, Blanchet T, Meuret P, Bonhomme V, Plourde G, Fiset P, Backman SB, Vesely A, Takeuchi A, Sommer L, Rucker J, Greenwald J, Lavine E, Iscoe S, Volgyesi G, Fedorko L, Fisher J, Lobato EB, Sulek CA, Davies LK, Gearen PF, Bellemare F, Donati F, Couture J, Joo HS, Rose DK, Kapoor S, Shayan S, Karkouti K, LeDez KM, Au J, Tucker JH, Redmond EB, Gadag V, Penney C, Hare GMT, Lee TDG, Hirsch GM, Yang F, Troncy E, Blaise G, Naito Y, Arisawa S, Ide M, Nakano S, Yamazaki K, Kawamura T, Nara N, Wakusawa R, Inada K, Hudson RJ, Singh K, Harding GA, Henderson BT, Thomson IR, Harding GA, Hudson RJ, Thomson IR, Thomson IR, Singh K, Hudson RJ, Wherrett CG, Miller DR, Giachino AA, Turek MA, Rody K, Vaghadia H, Chan V, Ganapathy S, Lui A, McKenna J, Zimmer K, Schwarz SKW, MacLeod BA, Ries CR, Franciosi LG, Regan WD, Davidson RG, Nevin K, Escobedo S, Mitmaker E, Tessler MJ, Kardash K, Kleiman SJ, Rossignol M, Kahn L, Baxter F, Dauphin A, Goldsmith C, Jackson P, McChesney J, Miller J, Takeuchi L, Young E, Klubien K, Bandi E, Carli F, Dattilo K, Tong D, Bhandari M, Carli F, Klubien K, Mazza L, Wykes L, Sommer LZ, Rucker J, Veseley A, Levene E, Greenwald Y, Volgyesi G, Fedorko L, Iscoe S, Fisher JA, Tian GF, Baker AJ, Reinders FX, Baker AJ, Moulton RJ, Brown JIM, Schlichter L, Troncy E, Van Tulder L, Carignan S, Prénovault J, Collet JP, Shapiro S, Guimond JG, Blait L, Ducruet T, Francœur M, Charbonneau M, Cousineau G, Blaise G, Wong DR, McCall M, Walsh F, Kurian R, Keith M, Sole MJ, Jeejeebhoy KN, Mazer CD, Whitten E, Norman PH, Aucar JA, Coveler LA, Solgonick RM, Bastien Y, Mazer B, Lihara K, Orser BA, Tymianski M, Finucane BT, Zaman N, Kashkari I, Tawfik S, Tarn YK, Slinger PD, McRae K, Winton T, Sandier AN, Zamora JE, Salpeter MJ, Bai D, MacDonald JF, Orser BA, Mayson K, Gofton E, Chambers K, Belo SE, Kay JC, Mazer CD, Hall SRR, Wang L, Milne B, Loomis C, Tsang BK, He Z, Wougchanapai W, Ho IK, Eichhorn JH, Tsang BK, Ma T, Wongchanapai W, He Z, Ho IK, Eicnhorn JH, Tsang BK, Wongchanapai W, He Z, Ho IK, Eichhorn JH, Murphy DB, Murphy MB, Bonhomme V, Meuret P, Backman SB, Plourde G, Fiset P, Stein RD, Backman SB, Collier B, Polosa C, Li CY, Chou TC, Wang JY, Fuller J, Butler R, Spadafora S, Donen N, Brownell L, Donen N, Brownell L, Shysh S, Carter K, Eagle C, Devito I, Halpern S, Devitt JH, Yee DA, deLacy JL, Oxorn DC, Morris GF, Yip RW, Gregoret-Quinn MG, Seal RF, Smith LJ, Jones AB, Tang C, Clanachan AS, Gallant BJ, Nadwidny LA, Goresky GV, Cowtan T, Bridge HS, Montgomery CJ, Kennedy RA, Merrick PM, Yamashita M, Wada K, LeMay S, Hardy JF, Morgan P, Halpern S, Evers J, Ronaldson P, Rose DK, Dexter F, Cohen MM, Wigglesworth D, Writer D, Muir H, Shukla R, Nunn R, Scovil J, Pridham J, Rosaeg O, Sandier A, Morley-Foster P, Lucy S, Crone LA, Zimmer K, Wilson DJ, Heid R, Douglas MJ, Rurak DW, Fabrizi A, Crochetière CT, Roy L, Villeneuve E, Lortie L, Katsiris S, Leighton B, Halpern S, Wilson D, Kronberg J, Swica L, Midgley J, Nunn R, Muir H, Shukla R, Smith B, Rooney ME, Campbell DC, Riben CM, Crone LA, Yip RW, Halpern S, Halpern S, MacDonell J, Levine T, Wilson D. Abstracts. Can J Anaesth 1998. [PMCID: PMC7103902 DOI: 10.1007/bf03019217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Etches RC, Writer WDR, Ansley D, Nydahl PA, Ong BY, Lui A, Badner N, Kawolski S, Muir H, Shukla R, Beattie WS. Continuous Epidural Ropivacaine 0.2% for Analgesia After Lower Abdominal Surgery. Anesth Analg 1997. [DOI: 10.1213/00000539-199704000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Etches RC, Writer WD, Ansley D, Nydahl PA, Ong BY, Lui A, Badner N, Kawolski S, Muir H, Shukla R, Beattie WS. Continuous epidural ropivacaine 0.2% for analgesia after lower abdominal surgery. Anesth Analg 1997; 84:784-90. [PMID: 9085958 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199704000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a lumbar epidural infusion of ropivacaine 0.2% would provide effective analgesia with an acceptably low incidence of motor blockade and side effects after lower abdominal surgery. After combined general and epidural anesthesia and surgery, 125 patients were randomly assigned to receive either saline or ropivacaine 0.2% at a rate of 6, 8, 10, 12, or 14 mL/h (Groups R6, R8, R10, R12, and R14, respectively) for 21 h. Supplemental analgesia, if required, was provided with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with morphine. Data were collected at 4, 8, and 21 h, and included morphine consumption, pain scores at rest and with coughing, motor and sensory block, and adverse events. Cumulative morphine consumption was less in Groups R10, R12, and R14 compared with the saline group. At 4 h analgesia was better among patients receiving ropivacaine, but at 21 h pain scores were identical. Sensory blockade at 8 and 21 h was greater in the ropivacaine groups compared with the saline group. Approximately 30% of R8, R10, and R12 patients, and 63% of R14 patients had demonstrable motor block of the lower limbs at 21 hours. We conclude that lumbar epidural ropivacaine 0.2% reduces parenteral morphine requirements but has little effect on pain scores and may be associated with motor blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Etches
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Lui A, D'Ottavio G, Rustico MA, Conoscenti G, Fischer Tamaro F, Meir YJ, Maieron A, Mandruzzato GP. [Conservative management of ectopic pregnancy]. Minerva Ginecol 1997; 49:67-72. [PMID: 9173340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the safety and efficacy of the conservative approach in the management of ectopic pregnancy. METHODS Thirty-five women with a tubal ectopic pregnancy, from 1990 to 1995, were subdivided into 2 treatment groups. Inclusion criteria were the following: tubal diameter < 3 cm, free fluid < 100 ml, no embryo heart activity, haemodynamic stability. Desire of future fertility and informed consent were requested. Eighteen women were treated with a single intramuscular injection of methotrexate, whereas in 17 cases expectant management was adopted. RESULTS In the first group 2 cases required surgical treatment (resolution rate = 89%). In the second group no surgery was needed and spontaneous resolution was achieved in all cases (100%). In both groups the average resolution time was about 17 days. Serum hCG-beta levels were monitored daily until resolution. The initial hCG-beta value and its following trend seem to be the most important prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS More studies are indeed needed to establish the effect of conservative management on fertility after ectopic pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lui
- Divisione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Istituto per l'Infanzia, IRCCS, Trieste
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Badner NH, Reid D, Sullivan P, Ganapathy S, Crosby ET, McKenna J, Lui A. Continuous epidural infusion of ropivacaine for the prevention of postoperative pain after major orthopaedic surgery: a dose-finding study. Can J Anaesth 1996; 43:17-22. [PMID: 8665629 DOI: 10.1007/bf03015952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A dose-finding study to investigate the use of epidural infusions of ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia following orthopaedic surgery. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind study. Surgery was performed using a combination of a lumbar epidural block utilizing ropivacaine 0.5% and a standardized general anaesthetic. Postoperatively, an epidural infusion of the study solution (saline, ropivacaine 0.1%, 0.2% or 0.3%) was started at the rate of 10 ml.hr-1 and continued for 21 hr after arrival in the PACU. Analgesia was supplemented with PCA morphine (dose = 1.0 mg, lock-out = 5 min). RESULTS Forty-four patients completed the study. The ropivacaine 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% groups required less morphine over the 21 hr than the saline group (P < 0.01). The VAS pain scores were also lower in the three ropivacaine groups (P < 0.001). The ropivacaine groups maintained sensory anaesthesia to pinprick when compared with saline (P < 0.05). The motor block in the 0.3% group was significantly higher than the saline group at all times (P < 0.05), and higher than the 0.1% group at eight hours (P < 0.01), while the 0.2% group had higher Bromage scores than saline at 4 and 21 hr (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The use of continuous epidural infusions of ropivacaine 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% at 10 ml.hr-1 improved postoperative pain relief and decreased PCA morphine requirements in patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery. The 0.1% and 0.2% concentrations produced similar sensory anaesthesia with less motor blockade than the 0.3% concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H Badner
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada
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Mondal N, Debnath T, Roy T, Saha K, Alam B, Sarkar, M, Hennrich F, Mommsen H, Lui A. Determination of arsenic content in the waste sludge from a fertilizer factory of Bangladesh by XRF and EPMA. Appl Radiat Isot 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0969-8043(94)90233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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Pregazzi R, Levi D'Ancona R, Ricci G, Lui A, Maso G, Parco S, Piunti R. [The donation of autologous blood in pregnancy. Observations on its safety and the cost-benefit relationship]. Minerva Ginecol 1994; 46:95-8. [PMID: 8015706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Experience with the collection of autologous blood during the last part of pregnancy in 57 women is reported. The authors confirm the safety of the autologous transfusion program but come to the conclusion that, with current entrance criteria, the cost-benefit ratio seems unfavourable. Therefore they suggest: a) the sole involvement of women with real potential hemorrhagic complications (placenta previa, multiple pregnancy); b) the collection, when possible, of at least 2 units of autologous blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pregazzi
- Istituto Scientifico Burlo Garofolo, Clinica Ginecologica e Ostetrica, Università degli Studi di Trieste
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32
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Kalafatić M, Znidarić D, Lui A, Wrischer M. Effect of insecticides (Dimiline WP 25, Torak EC 24 and Gamacide 20) on hydra (Hydra vulgaris Pallas). Int J Dev Biol 1991; 35:335-40. [PMID: 1726048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Investigations showed that the three insecticides used had the most damaging effect upon hydra immediately after treatment. The tentacles and the hypostome are the parts most often damaged. Inse the affected cells, lesions appear in the intracellular membranes, the nucleus shell and the membranes of the mitochondria, Golgi complex and the endoplasmic reticulum, while the cell membrane is preserved. The damaged parts of the body regenerate within three days. Zymogen cells play a significant role in the course of regeneration. They dedifferentiate into gastrodermal interstitial cells and later into other types of cells of the ectoderm and the gastroderm. Apart from their intense participation in regeneration, these totipotent cells also invariably participate in the formation of new hydra buds. It was observed that Dimiline WP 25 and Torak EC 24 in the concentrations used stimulate asexual reproduction of this animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kalafatić
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Zagreb, Republic of Croatia, Yugoslavia
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33
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Abstract
There is controversy regarding the optimal mode of elective tracheal intubation in the patient with an unstable cervical spine following trauma. A ten-year review of 150 patients with traumatic cervical spine injuries with well-preserved neurological function, presenting for operative stabilization, was conducted to compare neurological outcome with the mode of tracheal intubation. Preoperative neurological deficits were identified in 49 patients (33%); most were single-level radiculopathies. Intubation occurred after induction of general anaesthesia in 83 patients (55%) and in 67 patients (45%) the tracheas were intubated with the patient awake. One hundred and six patients (71%) underwent oral tracheal intubation and 44 underwent nasal tracheal intubation. Ten intubations were deemed to be difficult requiring more than one attempt to effect intubation. Cervical spine immobilization during intubation was documented in 86 patients (57%). Weighted traction or manual in-line traction were the two manoeuvres most commonly employed to maintain spinal alignment during intubation. After surgery, two patients had new neurological deficits. There were no differences in neurological outcome whether intubation was performed while the patient was awake or under general anaesthesia, or comparing oral tracheal intubation with all other techniques (P = 0.5, Fisher exact test). Also, in-line traction did not affect neurological outcome. Oral tracheal intubation with in-line stabilization, either performed after induction of general anaesthesia or with the patient awake, remains an excellent option for elective airway management in patients with cervical spine injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Suderman
- Department of Anaesthesia, Ottawa General Hospital, Ontario, Canada
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34
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Abstract
The link between endogenous opioid peptides and the genetic predisposition to preferentially consume ethanol was examined in alcohol preferring C57BL/6J mice compared with the alcohol nonpreferring DBA/2 mice. Concentrations of Met-enkephalin pentapeptide or precursor in various brain regions of potential relevance were not different between the two strains. C57BL/6J mice had a significantly lower pain threshold that could be increased by a selective mu-receptor opioid agonist [D-Ala2, MePhe4, Met(O)5-ol]-enkephalin. Treatment with this drug also decreased ethanol consumption in C57BL/6J mice. Increasing the synaptic half-life of endogenous enkephalins by the enkephalinase inhibitor kelatorphan also decreased ethanol consumption. Assay of endogenous enkephalin degrading activity showed increased enkephalinase activity in striatal issue of C57BL/6J compared with DBA/2 tissue. These results suggest that a relative lack of enkephalin peptides trans-synaptically, possibly resulting from enhanced enkephalin degradation may contribute to increase alcohol consumption in C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R George
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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35
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Quistad GB, Suwanrumpha S, Jarema MA, Shapiro MJ, Skinner WS, Jamieson GC, Lui A, Fu EW. Structures of paralytic acylpolyamines from the spider Agelenopsis aperta. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1990; 169:51-6. [PMID: 2350352 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(90)91431-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The structures are given for five paralytic acylpolyamines from the venom of the funnel web spider, Agelenopsis aperta. The acyl moieties are derived from (3-indolyl)acetic acid, (4-hydroxy-3-indolyl)acetic acid, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. The polyamine portions of the toxins are novel. Three toxins (AG489, AG505, and AG452) contain 1, 5, 9, 13, 18, 22-hexaazadocosane which is unique as a natural polyamine because of its length and hydroxylation at the 5-aza position. The polyamine portions of two other alpha-agatoxins (AG488 and AG504) are unusual also, containing guanidinooxy moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Quistad
- Sandoz Crop Protection Corporation, Palo Alto, California 94304
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36
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Abstract
Anaesthetists are responsible for the management of the airway in patients with unstable cervical spines. Unfortunately, the anaesthetic literature does not contain a recent, critical analysis of the current medical literature to aid anaesthetists attending such patients. This review is intended to serve such a purpose. Using the Index Medicus as a guide, 30 years of medical literature were reviewed, with emphasis on the last ten years. Key words employed for this review are cited in the manuscript. Relevant papers were selected from anaesthetic, orthopaedic, rheumatologic, emergency medicine and trauma journals and reviewed. Relevant findings included the high prevalence of cervical spinal instability in such disorders such as Trisomy 21 and rheumatoid arthritis and the relatively low incidence after trauma. There are deficiencies in the minimalist approaches to assessing the cervical spine, such as a simple cross table lateral radiograph after trauma, as they are neither sensitive nor specific. Finally, recognizing the potential for instability and intubating with care, while avoiding spinal movement, appears to be more important than any particular mode of intubation in preserving neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- E T Crosby
- Department of Anaesthesia, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
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37
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Abstract
Two acylpolyamines are identified from venom of the trap-door spider, Hebestatis theveniti. These toxins (paralytic to lepidopteran insect larvae) are amides containing 3-(3-indolyl)lactic acid joined to spermine or 1,13-diamino-4,10-diazatridecane (Het389 and Het403, respectively). Het389 is also abundant in venom from a tarantual from Mozambique (Harpactirella sp.). Two additional acylpolyamines (Apc600 and Apc728) are partially characterized from venom of another tarantula, Aphonopelma chalcodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Skinner
- Sandoz Crop Protection Corporation, Research Division, Palo Alto, CA 94304
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38
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Tremblay AY, Fouda A, Lui A, Matsuura T, Sourirajan S. The use of the simplex method to characterize dry cellulose acetate membranes for gas separations. CAN J CHEM ENG 1988. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450660622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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39
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Scott K, Lui A. Mass transfer in a moving bed with counter current flow of solid and liquid. Electrochim Acta 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(88)80243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Lui A, Talbot FDF, Fouda A, Matsuura T, Sourirajan S. Studies on the solvent exchange technique for making dry cellulose acetate membranes for the separation of gaseous mixtures. J Appl Polym Sci 1988. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1988.070360808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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41
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Hawes R, Lehman GA, Hast J, O'Connor KW, Crabb DW, Lui A, Christiansen PA. Training resident physicians in fiberoptic sigmoidoscopy. How many supervised examinations are required to achieve competence? Am J Med 1986; 80:465-70. [PMID: 3953621 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(86)90721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-five resident physicians performed 495 fiberoptic sigmoidoscopic examinations that were graded for overall skill according to a six-point competence scale. In general, 24 to 30 examinations were required to become competent at fiberoptic sigmoidoscopy. Trainees with prior rigid sigmoidoscopy experience achieved competence more quickly than those with no prior rigid sigmoidoscopy experience. As experience increased, unassisted insertion distance and luminal visualization increased, insertion time and assisted time decreased, and management scores and percent correct diagnoses improved. Trainees detected 93 to 100 percent of polyps and cancers viewed by the experienced sigmoidoscopist once competence was achieved. These data indicate that programs for training primary care physicians in fiberoptic sigmoidoscopy are feasible, help define the number of examinations required to become competent, and indicate that such trainees should be effective in cancer screening.
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42
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Lui A, Lumeng L, Li TK. Preparation of [14C]pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Methods Enzymol 1986; 122:97-102. [PMID: 3702706 DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(86)22154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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43
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Lui A, Lumeng L, Aronoff GR, Li TK. Relationship between body store of vitamin B6 and plasma pyridoxal-P clearance: metabolic balance studies in humans. J Lab Clin Med 1985; 106:491-7. [PMID: 4056565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Factors that regulate the clearance of plasma pyridoxal-P (PLP) are unknown. Four volunteers were given a diet supplying approximately 12 mumol pyridoxine (PN) per day. The pharmacokinetics of plasma PLP clearance were measured in these subjects before and after 4 weeks of intravenous PN supplementation (122 mumol/day). Urinary B6 excretion, mainly as 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA), increased progressively after initiation of PN supplementation until a new steady state was reached on day 10 of supplementation, whereupon greater than 93% of the daily injected PN could be recovered in the urine. Hence, urinary excretion is almost the sole route for vitamin B6 elimination. Fasting plasma PLP concentration increased with supplementation and also reached a new steady state at this time. When supplementation was terminated, urinary B6 excretion decreased in 5 days to an amount only slightly higher than that before supplementation. This amount was maintained for 2 months. By comparison, plasma PLP decreased more slowly and remained considerably higher than the presupplementation level for the rest of the study. These data confirm that urinary 4-PA excretion is a better indicator of B6 intake than is plasma PLP content, whereas plasma PLP content is a better indicator of the body store of the vitamin. Plasma clearance and volume of distribution of PLP decreased significantly after supplementation, but half-life t 1/2 did not change. Plasma clearance of PLP, therefore, is dependent on the vitamin B6 status of an individual.
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44
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Lui A, Lumeng L, Li TK. The measurement of plasma vitamin B6 compounds: comparison of a cation-exchange HPLC method with the open-column chromatographic method and the L-tyrosine apodecarboxylase assay. Am J Clin Nutr 1985; 41:1236-43. [PMID: 4003330 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/41.6.1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was found to be comparable to the open-column (OCC) method for measuring six different B6 compounds in human plasma and the L-tyrosine apodecarboxylase (LTD) assay for pyridoxal-P (PLP). Plasma samples were obtained from 9 subjects before and after 7 days of pyridoxine (PN) supplementation. PLP, pyridoxal (PL) and 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA) were the major B6 compounds in plasma and the only compounds which increased after supplementation. The coefficients of correlation between any 2 of the 3 methods in measuring plasma PLP were greater than 0.93, and between HPLC and OCC in quantifying PL and 4-PA were 0.82 and 0.63, respectively. With the low plasma levels of pyridoxamine-P, PN and pyridoxamine, the results from OCC were consistently higher than those from HPLC. However, recoveries of spiked B6 compounds in plasma by these methods were between 84 to 105 percent for all the 5 vitamers and 4-PA.
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45
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Lumeng L, Lui A, Oei TO. Comparison of the use of L-tyrosine apodecarboxylase and D-serine apodehydratase for plasma pyridoxal phosphate assay. J Nutr 1984; 114:385-92. [PMID: 6693998 DOI: 10.1093/jn/114.2.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzymatic methods for plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) assay using L-tyrosine apodecarboxylase (apo-LTD) and D-serine apodehydratase (apo-DSD) were compared with respect to their operating characteristics, accuracy and precision. With the apo-LTD assay, the recovery of authentic PLP added to irradiated plasma was 96-100% and the precision for within-run and run-to-run replicates was 4-5% (coefficient of variation). The recovery of authentic PLP with the apo-DSD assay tended to be lower (viz., 95%) and the within-run and run-to-run coefficients of variation tended to be higher (viz., 5-6%), but these differences were not statistically significant. When these two assay methods were directly compared in determining the plasma PLP levels of 67 hospitalized patients, the regression lines exhibited correlation coefficients of 0.89 and 0.92 and slopes of 0.77 and 0.78, respectively. When the plasma PLP values were less than 7.5 ng/ml, the values determined by the apo-DSD assay tended to be higher than those measured by the apo-LTD method and vice versa. The lack of better agreement between the two assay methods may be explained by the fact that an inhibitor exists in plasma extracts that impairs the binding of PLP to apo-DSD and that the correction for this interference may not be uniform from one plasma sample to another. However, if one is willing to tolerate the small discrepancies between the values obtained by the apo-DSD and apo-LTD assays, these assay methods can be used interchangeably. The apo-DSD assay has the advantage of being easily adapted to a modern automated spectrophotometric centrifugal analyzer.
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46
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Abstract
The biliary excretion of vitamin B-6 was studied in the intact rat and isolated perfused rat liver. In the whole animal, 21% of the radioactivity administered intravenously as [14C]pyridoxine was excreted in the urine over 4 hours, whereas only 2.1% was recovered in the bile. In the perfused liver, 3% of the radioactivity added to the medium was detected in the bile after 4 hours of perfusion. These data suggest that biliary excretion and enterohepatic circulation of vitamin B-6 probably play only a minor role in the overall economy of this vitamin. The concentration of the radiolabeled B-6 compounds in the bile of perfused liver was much higher than that in the perfusate and the pattern of the distribution of radioactivity among difference B-6 compounds was also different. These results suggest that [14C]pyridoxine and its metabolites are released separately by the hepatocytes into the bile and the perfusate and that paracellular transport of vitamin B-6 is not the predominant pathway for the biliary excretion of this vitamin.
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47
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Znidarić D, Lui A. Regeneration of hydra damaged by zolone PM insecticide. Z Mikrosk Anat Forsch 1983; 97:1046-1054. [PMID: 6670347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The zolone PM (phosalone) insecticide in the suspensions used destroys parts of the hypostome, ruins many buds and budless hydras. In the insecticide suspension a hydra shrinks and assumes the smallest surface. It is due to this that the surface mucous layer thickens and epidermal and gastrodermal cells become highly squeezed together. The insecticide penetrates the hypostomal opening and destroys hypostomal cells but does not act specifically upon a certain type of cells. Gradually, other cells replace the destroyed ones. They arrive from the gastrodermal region. Among them, zymogen cells, capable of differentiation und dedifferentiation into other types of cells, play the most significant part.
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48
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Lui A, Lumeng L, Li TK. Transport of pyridoxine and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in isolated rat liver mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1982; 257:14903-6. [PMID: 7174673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The transport of [14C]pyridoxal-P and [14C]pyridoxine into isolated rat mitochondria was studied by centrifugal filtration. The incubation medium contained 20 mM 2-oxoglutarate and 10 mM inorganic phosphate to inhibit metabolism of pyridoxal-P by the mitochondria. The ratio of [14C]pyridoxine space to [3H]H2O space rapidly attained unity independent of the [14C]pyridoxine concentration in the medium and remained unchanged for up to 90 min of incubation. These data suggest simple passive diffusion for the transport of pyridoxine into the mitochondria. By contrast, the ratio of [14C]pyridoxal-P space to [3H]H2O space rose rapidly to exceed 1 in the first 15 min and continued to rise at a slower rate for as long as it was measured. The accumulation of [14C]pyridoxal-P was not decreased by inhibitors and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. Fractionation of the mitochondria with digitonin revealed that 19 and 340 pmol of [14C]pyridoxal-P/mg of protein were taken up by the mitochondria at 15 and 60 min of incubation, respectively. Most of the uptake in the first 15 min occurred in the intermembrane space, whereas the largest increase of [14C]pyridoxal-P between 15 and 60 min of incubation appeared in the matrix fraction. Significant binding of the [14C]pyridoxal-P to proteins in the two compartments was demonstrated by gel filtration. These data indicate that pyridoxal-P can rapidly enter the intermembrane space of isolated mitochondria, but its penetration into the matrix occurs at a slower and more sustained rate (i.e. 9-16 pmol/h/mg of protein). It is concluded that the transport of pyridoxal-P into isolated rat liver mitochondria is energy-independent and is most consistent with passive diffusion facilitated by protein binding once this coenzyme enters the different compartments of the mitochondria.
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50
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Abstract
The sequence homology in the single copy DNA of sea stars has been measured. Labeled single copy DNA from Pisaster ochraceus was reannealed with excess genomic DNA from P. brevispinus, Evasterias troschelii, Pycnopodia helianthoides, Solaster stimpsoni, and Dermasterias imbricata. Reassociation reactions were performed under two criteria of salt and temperature. The extent of reassociation and thermal denaturation characteristics of hybrid single copy DNA molecules follow classical taxonomic lines. P. brevispinus DNA contains essentially all of the sequences present in P. ochraceus single copy tracer while Evasterias and Pycnopodia DNAs contain 52% and 46% of such sequences respectively. Reciprocal reassociation reactions with labeled Evasterias single copy DNA confirm the amount and fidelity of the sequence homology. There is a small definite reaction of uncertain homology between P. ochraceus single copy DNA and Solaster or Dermasterias DNA. Similarly Solaster DNA contains sequences homologous to approximately 18% of Dermasterias unique DNA. The thermal denaturation temperatures of heteroduplexes indicate that the genera Pisaster and Evasterias diverged shortly after the divergence of the subfamilies Pycnopodiinae and Asteriinae. The two Pisaster species diverged more recently, probably in the most recent quarter of the interval since the separation of the genera Pisaster and Evasterias.
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