1
|
Kauwe G, Pareja-Navarro KA, Yao L, Chen JH, Wong I, Saloner R, Cifuentes H, Nana AL, Shah S, Li Y, Le D, Spina S, Grinberg LT, Seeley WW, Kramer JH, Sacktor TC, Schilling B, Gan L, Casaletto KB, Tracy TE. KIBRA repairs synaptic plasticity and promotes resilience to tauopathy-related memory loss. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e169064. [PMID: 38299587 PMCID: PMC10836803 DOI: 10.1172/jci169064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is obstructed by pathogenic tau in the brain, representing a key mechanism that underlies memory loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies. Here, we found that reduced levels of the memory-associated protein KIdney/BRAin (KIBRA) in the brain and increased KIBRA protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with cognitive impairment and pathological tau levels in disease. We next defined a mechanism for plasticity repair in vulnerable neurons using the C-terminus of the KIBRA protein (CT-KIBRA). We showed that CT-KIBRA restored plasticity and memory in transgenic mice expressing pathogenic human tau; however, CT-KIBRA did not alter tau levels or prevent tau-induced synapse loss. Instead, we found that CT-KIBRA stabilized the protein kinase Mζ (PKMζ) to maintain synaptic plasticity and memory despite tau-mediated pathogenesis. Thus, our results distinguished KIBRA both as a biomarker of synapse dysfunction and as the foundation for a synapse repair mechanism to reverse cognitive impairment in tauopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grant Kauwe
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| | | | - Lei Yao
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| | - Jackson H. Chen
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| | - Ivy Wong
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| | - Rowan Saloner
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Helen Cifuentes
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| | - Alissa L. Nana
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Samah Shah
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| | - Yaqiao Li
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, Califoria, USA
| | - David Le
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, Califoria, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lea T. Grinberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - William W. Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joel H. Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Todd C. Sacktor
- The Robert F. Furchgott Center of Neural and Behavioral Science, Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, Anesthesiology, and Neurology, State University of New York Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | | | - Li Gan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kaitlin B. Casaletto
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tara E. Tracy
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bhagat R, Minaya MA, Renganathan A, Mehra M, Marsh J, Martinez R, Eteleeb AM, Nana AL, Spina S, Seeley WW, Grinberg LT, Karch CM. Mutant tau and stress lead to downregulation of long noncoding RNA, SNHG8. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4489. [PMID: 38443679 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02328-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Bhagat
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Miguel A Minaya
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arun Renganathan
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Muneshwar Mehra
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jacob Marsh
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rita Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Abdallah M Eteleeb
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celeste M Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bhagat R, Minaya MA, Renganathan A, Mehra M, Marsh J, Martinez R, Eteleeb AM, Nana AL, Spina S, Seeley WW, Grinberg LT, Karch CM. Long non-coding RNA SNHG8 drives stress granule formation in tauopathies. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4889-4901. [PMID: 37730840 PMCID: PMC10914599 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Tauopathies are a heterogenous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by tau aggregation in the brain. In a subset of tauopathies, rare mutations in the MAPT gene, which encodes the tau protein, are sufficient to cause disease; however, the events downstream of MAPT mutations are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), transcripts >200 nucleotides with low/no coding potential that regulate transcription and translation, and their role in tauopathy. Using stem cell derived neurons from patients carrying a MAPT p.P301L, IVS10 + 16, or p.R406W mutation and CRISPR-corrected isogenic controls, we identified transcriptomic changes that occur as a function of the MAPT mutant allele. We identified 15 lncRNAs that were commonly differentially expressed across the three MAPT mutations. The commonly differentially expressed lncRNAs interact with RNA-binding proteins that regulate stress granule formation. Among these lncRNAs, SNHG8 was significantly reduced in a mouse model of tauopathy and in FTLD-tau, progressive supranuclear palsy, and Alzheimer's disease brains. We show that SNHG8 interacts with tau and stress granule-associated RNA-binding protein TIA1. Overexpression of mutant tau in vitro is sufficient to reduce SNHG8 expression and induce stress granule formation. Rescuing SNHG8 expression leads to reduced stress granule formation and reduced TIA1 levels in immortalized cells and in MAPT mutant neurons, suggesting that dysregulation of this non-coding RNA is a causal factor driving stress granule formation via TIA1 in tauopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Bhagat
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Miguel A Minaya
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arun Renganathan
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Muneshwar Mehra
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jacob Marsh
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rita Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Abdallah M Eteleeb
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celeste M Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abskharon R, Pan H, Sawaya MR, Seidler PM, Olivares EJ, Chen Y, Murray KA, Zhang J, Lantz C, Bentzel M, Boyer DR, Cascio D, Nguyen BA, Hou K, Cheng X, Pardon E, Williams CK, Nana AL, Vinters HV, Spina S, Grinberg LT, Seeley WW, Steyaert J, Glabe CG, Ogorzalek Loo RR, Loo JA, Eisenberg DS. Structure-based design of nanobodies that inhibit seeding of Alzheimer's patient-extracted tau fibrils. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300258120. [PMID: 37801475 PMCID: PMC10576031 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300258120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite much effort, antibody therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have shown limited efficacy. Challenges to the rational design of effective antibodies include the difficulty of achieving specific affinity to critical targets, poor expression, and antibody aggregation caused by buried charges and unstructured loops. To overcome these challenges, we grafted previously determined sequences of fibril-capping amyloid inhibitors onto a camel heavy chain antibody scaffold. These sequences were designed to cap fibrils of tau, known to form the neurofibrillary tangles of AD, thereby preventing fibril elongation. The nanobodies grafted with capping inhibitors blocked tau aggregation in biosensor cells seeded with postmortem brain extracts from AD and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients. The tau capping nanobody inhibitors also blocked seeding by recombinant tau oligomers. Another challenge to the design of effective antibodies is their poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. In this study, we also designed a bispecific nanobody composed of a nanobody that targets a receptor on the BBB and a tau capping nanobody inhibitor, conjoined by a flexible linker. We provide evidence that the bispecific nanobody improved BBB penetration over the tau capping inhibitor alone after intravenous administration in mice. Our results suggest that the design of synthetic antibodies that target sequences that drive protein aggregation may be a promising approach to inhibit the prion-like seeding of tau and other proteins involved in AD and related proteinopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romany Abskharon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Hope Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Michael R. Sawaya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Paul M. Seidler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | | | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Molecular Instrumentation Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Kevin A. Murray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Jeffrey Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Carter Lantz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Megan Bentzel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - David R. Boyer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Duilio Cascio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Binh A. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Ke Hou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Xinyi Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Els Pardon
- VIB-Vrije Universiteit Brussel Center for Structural Biology, VIB and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, BrusselsB-1050, Belgium
| | - Christopher K. Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Alissa L. Nana
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
| | - Lea T. Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
| | - William W. Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
| | - Jan Steyaert
- VIB-Vrije Universiteit Brussel Center for Structural Biology, VIB and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, BrusselsB-1050, Belgium
| | - Charles G. Glabe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Rachel R. Ogorzalek Loo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Joseph A. Loo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - David S. Eisenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fang M, Deibler SK, Nana AL, Vatsavayai SC, Banday S, Zhou Y, Almeida S, Weiss A, Brown RH, Seeley WW, Gao FB, Green MR. Loss of TDP-43 function contributes to genomic instability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1251228. [PMID: 37849894 PMCID: PMC10577185 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1251228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A common pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the cytoplasmic mislocalization and aggregation of the DNA/RNA-binding protein TDP-43, but how loss of nuclear TDP-43 function contributes to ALS and FTD pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Here, using large-scale RNAi screening, we identify TARDBP, which encodes TDP-43, as a gene whose loss-of-function results in elevated DNA mutation rate and genomic instability. Consistent with this finding, we observe increased DNA damage in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived post-mitotic neurons generated from ALS patients harboring TARDBP mutations. We find that the increase in DNA damage in ALS iPSC-derived neurons is due to defects in two major pathways for DNA double-strand break repair: non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination. Cells with defects in DNA repair are sensitive to DNA damaging agents and, accordingly, we find that ALS iPSC-derived neurons show a marked reduction in survival following treatment with a DNA damaging agent. Importantly, we find that increased DNA damage is also observed in neurons with nuclear TDP-43 depletion from ALS/FTD patient brain tissues. Collectively, our results demonstrate that ALS neurons with loss of nuclear TDP-43 function have elevated levels of DNA damage and contribute to the idea that genomic instability is a defining pathological feature of ALS/FTD patients with TDP-43 pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minggang Fang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Sara K. Deibler
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Alissa L. Nana
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sarat C. Vatsavayai
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Shahid Banday
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Sandra Almeida
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Robert H. Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - William W. Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Michael R. Green
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kauwe G, Pareja-Navarro KA, Yao L, Chen JH, Wong I, Saloner R, Cifuentes H, Nana AL, Shah S, Li Y, Le D, Spina S, Grinberg LT, Seeley WW, Kramer JH, Sacktor TC, Schilling B, Gan L, Casaletto KB, Tracy TE. KIBRA repairs synaptic plasticity and promotes resilience to tauopathy-related memory loss. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.12.543777. [PMID: 37398236 PMCID: PMC10312627 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.12.543777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is obstructed by pathogenic tau in the brain, representing a key mechanism that underlies memory loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies. Here, we define a mechanism for plasticity repair in vulnerable neurons using the C-terminus of the KIdney/BRAin (KIBRA) protein (CT-KIBRA). We show that CT-KIBRA restores plasticity and memory in transgenic mice expressing pathogenic human tau; however, CT-KIBRA did not alter tau levels or prevent tau-induced synapse loss. Instead, we find that CT-KIBRA binds to and stabilizes protein kinase Mζ (PKMζ) to maintain synaptic plasticity and memory despite tau-mediated pathogenesis. In humans we find that reduced KIBRA in brain and increased KIBRA in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with cognitive impairment and pathological tau levels in disease. Thus, our results distinguish KIBRA both as a novel biomarker of synapse dysfunction in AD and as the foundation for a synapse repair mechanism to reverse cognitive impairment in tauopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grant Kauwe
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA USA
| | | | - Lei Yao
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA USA
| | | | - Ivy Wong
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA USA
| | - Rowan Saloner
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco USA
| | | | - Alissa L. Nana
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco USA
| | - Samah Shah
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA USA
| | - Yaqiao Li
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - David Le
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco USA
| | - Lea T. Grinberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco USA
| | - William W. Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco USA
| | - Joel H. Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco USA
| | - Todd C. Sacktor
- The Robert F. Furchgott Center of Neural and Behavioral Science, Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, Anesthesiology, and Neurology, State University of New York Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY USA
| | | | - Li Gan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Kaitlin B. Casaletto
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco USA
| | - Tara E. Tracy
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang T, Pang W, Feng T, Guo J, Wu K, Nunez Santos M, Arthanarisami A, Nana AL, Nguyen Q, Kim PJ, Jankowsky JL, Seeley WW, Hu F. TMEM106B regulates microglial proliferation and survival in response to demyelination. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadd2676. [PMID: 37146150 PMCID: PMC10162677 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add2676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
TMEM106B, a lysosomal transmembrane protein, has been closely associated with brain health. Recently, an intriguing link between TMEM106B and brain inflammation has been discovered, but how TMEM106B regulates inflammation is unknown. Here, we report that TMEM106B deficiency in mice leads to reduced microglia proliferation and activation and increased microglial apoptosis in response to demyelination. We also found an increase in lysosomal pH and a decrease in lysosomal enzyme activities in TMEM106B-deficient microglia. Furthermore, TMEM106B loss results in a significant decrease in the protein levels of TREM2, an innate immune receptor essential for microglia survival and activation. Specific ablation of TMEM106B in microglia results in similar microglial phenotypes and myelination defects in mice, supporting the idea that microglial TMEM106B is critical for proper microglial activities and myelination. Moreover, the TMEM106B risk allele is associated with myelin loss and decreased microglial numbers in humans. Collectively, our study unveils a previously unknown role of TMEM106B in promoting microglial functionality during demyelination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Weilun Pang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Tuancheng Feng
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jennifer Guo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Kenton Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Mariela Nunez Santos
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Akshayakeerthi Arthanarisami
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Alissa L. Nana
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Quynh Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter J. Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joanna L. Jankowsky
- Department of Neuroscience, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William W. Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Fenghua Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang T, Feng T, Wu K, Guo J, Nana AL, Yang G, Seeley WW, Hu F. Progranulin deficiency results in sex-dependent alterations in microglia in response to demyelination. Acta Neuropathol 2023:10.1007/s00401-023-02578-w. [PMID: 37120788 PMCID: PMC10375542 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02578-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in the granulin (GRN) gene, resulting in the haploinsufficiency of the progranulin (PGRN) protein, is a leading cause of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Complete loss of the PGRN protein causes neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), a lysosomal storage disorder. Polymorphisms in the GRN gene have also been associated with several other neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). PGRN deficiency has been shown to cause myelination defects previously, but how PGRN regulates myelination is unknown. Here, we report that PGRN deficiency leads to a sex-dependent myelination defect with male mice showing more severe demyelination in response to cuprizone treatment. This is accompanied by exacerbated microglial proliferation and activation in the male PGRN-deficient mice. Interestingly, both male and female PGRN-deficient mice show sustained microglial activation after cuprizone removal and a defect in remyelination. Specific ablation of PGRN in microglia results in similar sex-dependent phenotypes, confirming a microglial function of PGRN. Lipid droplets accumulate in microglia specifically in male PGRN-deficient mice. RNA-seq analysis and mitochondrial function assays reveal key differences in oxidative phosphorylation in male versus female microglia under PGRN deficiency. A significant decrease in myelination and accumulation of myelin debris and lipid droplets in microglia were found in the corpus callosum regions of FTLD patients with GRN mutations. Taken together, our data support that PGRN deficiency leads to sex-dependent alterations in microglia with subsequent myelination defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 345 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Tuancheng Feng
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 345 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Kenton Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 345 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jennifer Guo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 345 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Fenghua Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 345 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Davis SE, Cook AK, Hall JA, Voskobiynyk Y, Carullo NV, Boyle NR, Hakim AR, Anderson KM, Hobdy KP, Pugh DA, Murchison CF, McMeekin LJ, Simmons M, Margolies KA, Cowell RM, Nana AL, Spina S, Grinberg LT, Miller BL, Seeley WW, Arrant AE. Patients with sporadic FTLD exhibit similar increases in lysosomal proteins and storage material as patients with FTD due to GRN mutations. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:70. [PMID: 37118844 PMCID: PMC10148425 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of function progranulin (GRN) mutations are a major autosomal dominant cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Patients with FTD due to GRN mutations (FTD-GRN) develop frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology type A (FTLD-TDP type A) and exhibit elevated levels of lysosomal proteins and storage material in frontal cortex, perhaps indicating lysosomal dysfunction as a mechanism of disease. To investigate whether patients with sporadic FTLD exhibit similar signs of lysosomal dysfunction, we compared lysosomal protein levels, transcript levels, and storage material in patients with FTD-GRN or sporadic FTLD-TDP type A. We analyzed samples from frontal cortex, a degenerated brain region, and occipital cortex, a relatively spared brain region. In frontal cortex, patients with sporadic FTLD-TDP type A exhibited similar increases in lysosomal protein levels, transcript levels, and storage material as patients with FTD-GRN. In occipital cortex of both patient groups, most lysosomal measures did not differ from controls. Frontal cortex from a transgenic mouse model of TDP-opathy had similar increases in cathepsin D and lysosomal storage material, showing that TDP-opathy and neurodegeneration can drive these changes independently of progranulin. To investigate these changes in additional FTLD subtypes, we analyzed frontal cortical samples from patients with sporadic FTLD-TDP type C or Pick's disease, an FTLD-tau subtype. All sporadic FTLD groups had similar increases in cathepsin D activity, lysosomal membrane proteins, and storage material as FTD-GRN patients. However, patients with FTLD-TDP type C or Pick's disease did not have similar increases in lysosomal transcripts as patients with FTD-GRN or sporadic FTLD-TDP type A. Based on these data, accumulation of lysosomal proteins and storage material may be a common aspect of end-stage FTLD. However, the unique changes in gene expression in patients with FTD-GRN or sporadic FTLD-TDP type A may indicate distinct underlying lysosomal changes among FTLD subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Skylar E Davis
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anna K Cook
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Justin A Hall
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yuliya Voskobiynyk
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nancy V Carullo
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nicholas R Boyle
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ahmad R Hakim
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kristian M Anderson
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kierra P Hobdy
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Derian A Pugh
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Charles F Murchison
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Laura J McMeekin
- Department of Neuroscience, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Micah Simmons
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Rita M Cowell
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew E Arrant
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Du H, Yang C, Nana AL, Seeley WW, Smolka M, Hu F. Progranulin inhibits phospholipase sPLA2-IIA to control neuroinflammation. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.06.535844. [PMID: 37066328 PMCID: PMC10104136 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.06.535844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the granulin (GRN) gene, resulting in haploinsufficiency of the progranulin (PGRN) protein, are a leading cause of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and PGRN polymorphisms are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). PGRN is a key regulator of microglia-mediated inflammation but the mechanism is still unknown. Here we report that PGRN interacts with sPLA2-IIA, a secreted phospholipase involved in inflammatory responses, to downregulate sPLA2-IIA activities and levels. sPLA2-IIA expression modifies PGRN deficiency phenotypes in mice and sPLA2-IIA inhibition rescues inflammation and lysosomal abnormalities in PGRN deficient mice. Furthermore, FTLD patients with GRN mutations show increased levels of sPLA2-IIA in astrocytes. Our data support sPLA2-IIA as a critical target for PGRN and a novel therapeutic target for FTLD-GRN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Du
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Cha Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Alissa L. Nana
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - William W. Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Marcus Smolka
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Fenghua Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bhagat R, Minaya MA, Renganathan A, Mehra M, Marsh J, Martinez R, Nana AL, Spina S, Seeley WW, Grinberg LT, Karch CM. Long non-coding RNA SNHG8 drives stress granule formation in tauopathies. medRxiv 2023:2023.02.27.23286548. [PMID: 36909621 PMCID: PMC10002771 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.27.23286548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Tauopathies are a heterogenous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by tau aggregation in the brain. In a subset of tauopathies, rare mutations in the MAPT gene, which encodes the tau protein, are sufficient to cause disease; however, the events downstream of MAPT mutations are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), transcripts >200 nucleotides with low/no coding potential that regulate transcription and translation, and their role in tauopathy. Using stem cell derived neurons from patients carrying a MAPT p.P301L, IVS10+16, or p.R406W mutation, and CRISPR-corrected isogenic controls, we identified transcriptomic changes that occur as a function of the MAPT mutant allele. We identified 15 lncRNAs that were commonly differentially expressed across the three MAPT mutations. The commonly differentially expressed lncRNAs interact with RNA-binding proteins that regulate stress granule formation. Among these lncRNAs, SNHG8 was significantly reduced in a mouse model of tauopathy and in FTLD-tau, progressive supranuclear palsy, and Alzheimer’s disease brains. We show that SNHG8 interacts with tau and stress granule-associated RNA-binding protein TIA1. Overexpression of mutant tau in vitro is sufficient to reduce SNHG8 expression and induce stress granule formation. Rescuing SNHG8 expression leads to reduced stress granule formation and reduced TIA1 levels, suggesting that dysregulation of this non-coding RNA is a causal factor driving stress granule formation via TIA1 in tauopathies.
Collapse
|
12
|
Minaya MA, Mahali S, Iyer AK, Eteleeb AM, Martinez R, Huang G, Budde J, Temple S, Nana AL, Seeley WW, Spina S, Grinberg LT, Harari O, Karch CM. Conserved gene signatures shared among MAPT mutations reveal defects in calcium signaling. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1051494. [PMID: 36845551 PMCID: PMC9948093 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1051494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: More than 50 mutations in the MAPT gene result in heterogeneous forms of frontotemporal lobar dementia with tau inclusions (FTLD-Tau). However, early pathogenic events that lead to disease and the degree to which they are common across MAPT mutations remain poorly understood. The goal of this study is to determine whether there is a common molecular signature of FTLD-Tau. Methods: We analyzed genes differentially expressed in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons (iPSC-neurons) that represent the three major categories of MAPT mutations: splicing (IVS10 + 16), exon 10 (p.P301L), and C-terminal (p.R406W) compared with isogenic controls. The genes that were commonly differentially expressed in MAPT IVS10 + 16, p.P301L, and p.R406W neurons were enriched in trans-synaptic signaling, neuronal processes, and lysosomal function. Many of these pathways are sensitive to disruptions in calcium homeostasis. One gene, CALB1, was significantly reduced across the three MAPT mutant iPSC-neurons and in a mouse model of tau accumulation. We observed a significant reduction in calcium levels in MAPT mutant neurons compared with isogenic controls, pointing to a functional consequence of this disrupted gene expression. Finally, a subset of genes commonly differentially expressed across MAPT mutations were also dysregulated in brains from MAPT mutation carriers and to a lesser extent in brains from sporadic Alzheimer disease and progressive supranuclear palsy, suggesting that molecular signatures relevant to genetic and sporadic forms of tauopathy are captured in a dish. The results from this study demonstrate that iPSC-neurons capture molecular processes that occur in human brains and can be used to pinpoint common molecular pathways involving synaptic and lysosomal function and neuronal development, which may be regulated by disruptions in calcium homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Minaya
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sidhartha Mahali
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Abhirami K. Iyer
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Abdallah M. Eteleeb
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Rita Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Guangming Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - John Budde
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sally Temple
- Neural Stem Cell Institute, Rensselaer, NY, United States
| | - Alissa L. Nana
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - William W. Seeley
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Lea T. Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Oscar Harari
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Celeste M. Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Merlini M, Sozmen EG, Subramanian KS, Nana AL, Seeley WW, Akassoglou K. Three-Dimensional Imaging of Fibrinogen and Neurovascular Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2561:87-101. [PMID: 36399266 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2655-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular dysfunction is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that is linked to cognitive decline. However, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in AD is focal and requires sensitive methods to detect extravasated blood proteins and vasculature in large brain volumes. Fibrinogen, a blood coagulation factor, is deposited in AD brains at sites of BBB disruption and cerebrovascular damage. This chapter presents the methodology of fibrinogen immunolabeling-enabled three-dimensional (3D) imaging of solvent-cleared organs (iDISCO) which, when combined with immunolabeling of amyloid β (Aβ) and vasculature, enables sensitive detection of focal BBB vascular abnormalities, and reveals the spatial distribution of Aβ plaques and fibrin deposits, in large tissue volumes from cleared human brains. Overall, fibrinogen iDISCO enables the investigation of neurovascular and neuroimmune mechanisms driving neurodegeneration in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Merlini
- Gladstone UCSF Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elif G Sozmen
- Gladstone UCSF Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute of Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute of Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute of Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katerina Akassoglou
- Gladstone UCSF Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute of Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hwang JHL, Perloff OS, Gaus SE, Benitez C, Alquezar C, Cosme CQ, Nana AL, Vatsavayai SC, Ramos EM, Geschwind DH, Miller BL, Kao AW, Seeley WW. Tuberous sclerosis complex is associated with a novel human tauopathy. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 145:1-12. [PMID: 36469115 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02521-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a neurogenetic disorder leading to epilepsy, developmental delay, and neurobehavioral dysfunction. The syndrome is caused by pathogenic variants in TSC1 (coding for hamartin) or TSC2 (coding for tuberin). Recently, we reported a progressive frontotemporal dementia-like clinical syndrome in a patient with a mutation in TSC1, but the neuropathological changes seen in adults with TSC with or without dementia have yet to be systematically explored. Here, we examined neuropathological findings in adults with TSC (n = 11) aged 30-58 years and compared them to age-matched patients with epilepsy unrelated to TSC (n = 9) and non-neurological controls (n = 10). In 3 of 11 subjects with TSC, we observed a neurofibrillary tangle-predominant "TSC tauopathy" not seen in epilepsy or non-neurological controls. This tauopathy was observed in the absence of pathological amyloid beta, TDP-43, or alpha-synuclein deposition. The neurofibrillary tangles in TSC tauopathy showed a unique pattern of post-translational modifications, with apparent differences between TSC1 and TSC2 mutation carriers. Tau acetylation (K274, K343) was prominent in both TSC1 and TSC2, whereas tau phosphorylation at a common phospho-epitope (S202) was observed only in TSC2. TSC tauopathy was observed in selected neocortical, limbic, subcortical, and brainstem sites and showed a 3-repeat greater than 4-repeat tau isoform pattern in both TSC1 and TSC2 mutation carriers, but no tangles were immunolabeled with MC1 or p62 antibodies. The findings suggest that individuals with TSC are at risk for a unique tauopathy in mid-life and that tauopathy pathogenesis may involve TSC1, TSC2, and related molecular pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye L Hwang
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Olga S Perloff
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie E Gaus
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Camila Benitez
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carolina Alquezar
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Celica Q Cosme
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sarat C Vatsavayai
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eliana M Ramos
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Department of Neurology, Program in Neurogenetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aimee W Kao
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Argouarch AR, Schultz N, Yang AC, Jang Y, Garcia K, Cosme CG, Corrales CI, Nana AL, Karydas AM, Spina S, Grinberg LT, Miller B, Wyss-Coray T, Abyzov A, Goodarzi H, Seeley WW, Kao AW. Postmortem Human Dura Mater Cells Exhibit Phenotypic, Transcriptomic and Genetic Abnormalities that Impact their Use for Disease Modeling. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:3050-3065. [PMID: 35809166 PMCID: PMC9622518 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10416-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Patient-derived cells hold great promise for precision medicine approaches in human health. Human dermal fibroblasts have been a major source of cells for reprogramming and differentiating into specific cell types for disease modeling. Postmortem human dura mater has been suggested as a primary source of fibroblasts for in vitro modeling of neurodegenerative diseases. Although fibroblast-like cells from human and mouse dura mater have been previously described, their utility for reprogramming and direct differentiation protocols has not been fully established. In this study, cells derived from postmortem dura mater are directly compared to those from dermal biopsies of living subjects. In two instances, we have isolated and compared dermal and dural cell lines from the same subject. Notably, striking differences were observed between cells of dermal and dural origin. Compared to dermal fibroblasts, postmortem dura mater-derived cells demonstrated different morphology, slower growth rates, and a higher rate of karyotype abnormality. Dura mater-derived cells also failed to express fibroblast protein markers. When dermal fibroblasts and dura mater-derived cells from the same subject were compared, they exhibited highly divergent gene expression profiles that suggest dura mater cells originated from a mixed mural lineage. Given their postmortem origin, somatic mutation signatures of dura mater-derived cells were assessed and suggest defective DNA damage repair. This study argues for rigorous karyotyping of postmortem derived cell lines and highlights limitations of postmortem human dura mater-derived cells for modeling normal biology or disease-associated pathobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea R. Argouarch
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Nina Schultz
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Andrew C. Yang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304 USA
| | - Yeongjun Jang
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Kristle Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Celica G. Cosme
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Christian I. Corrales
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Alissa L. Nana
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Anna M. Karydas
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Lea T. Grinberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Bruce Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304 USA
| | - Alexej Abyzov
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - William W. Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Aimee W. Kao
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Boland S, Swarup S, Ambaw YA, Malia PC, Richards RC, Fischer AW, Singh S, Aggarwal G, Spina S, Nana AL, Grinberg LT, Seeley WW, Surma MA, Klose C, Paulo JA, Nguyen AD, Harper JW, Walther TC, Farese RV. Deficiency of the frontotemporal dementia gene GRN results in gangliosidosis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5924. [PMID: 36207292 PMCID: PMC9546883 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33500-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of GRN causes frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The GRN locus produces progranulin (PGRN), which is cleaved to lysosomal granulin polypeptides. The function of lysosomal granulins and why their absence causes neurodegeneration are unclear. Here we discover that PGRN-deficient human cells and murine brains, as well as human frontal lobes from GRN-mutation FTD patients have increased levels of gangliosides, glycosphingolipids that contain sialic acid. In these cells and tissues, levels of lysosomal enzymes that catabolize gangliosides were normal, but levels of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphates (BMP), lipids required for ganglioside catabolism, were reduced with PGRN deficiency. Our findings indicate that granulins are required to maintain BMP levels to support ganglioside catabolism, and that PGRN deficiency in lysosomes leads to gangliosidosis. Lysosomal ganglioside accumulation may contribute to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration susceptibility observed in FTD due to PGRN deficiency and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Boland
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Sharan Swarup
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.513948.20000 0005 0380 6410Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA
| | - Yohannes A. Ambaw
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XCenter on Causes and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Pedro C. Malia
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Ruth C. Richards
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Alexander W. Fischer
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Shubham Singh
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Geetika Aggarwal
- grid.262962.b0000 0004 1936 9342Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Alissa L. Nana
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Lea T. Grinberg
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - William W. Seeley
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | | | | | - Joao A. Paulo
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Andrew D. Nguyen
- grid.262962.b0000 0004 1936 9342Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - J. Wade Harper
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.513948.20000 0005 0380 6410Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA
| | - Tobias C. Walther
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XCenter on Causes and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.413575.10000 0001 2167 1581Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02124 USA
| | - Robert V. Farese
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XCenter on Causes and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02124 USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Arrant AE, Davis SE, Vollmer RM, Murchison CF, Mobley JA, Nana AL, Spina S, Grinberg LT, Karydas AM, Miller BL, Seeley WW, Roberson ED. Elevated levels of extracellular vesicles in progranulin-deficient mice and FTD-GRN Patients. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:2433-2449. [PMID: 33197149 PMCID: PMC7732244 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of progranulin insufficiency on extracellular vesicles (EVs), a heterogeneous population of vesicles that may contribute to progression of neurodegenerative disease. Loss‐of‐function mutations in progranulin (GRN) are a major cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and brains from GRN carriers with FTD (FTD‐GRN) exhibit signs of lysosomal dysfunction. Lysosomal dysfunction may induce compensatory increases in secretion of exosomes, EVs secreted from the endolysosomal system, so we hypothesized that progranulin insufficiency would increase EV levels in the brain. Methods We analyzed levels and protein contents of brain EVs from Grn–/– mice, which model the lysosomal abnormalities of FTD‐GRN patients. We then measured brain EVs in FTD‐GRN patients. To assess the relationship of EVs with symptomatic disease, we measured plasma EVs in presymptomatic and symptomatic GRN mutation carriers. Results Grn–/– mice had elevated brain EV levels and altered EV protein contents relative to wild‐type mice. These changes were age‐dependent, occurring only after the emergence of pathology in Grn–/– mice. FTD‐GRN patients (n = 13) had elevated brain EV levels relative to controls (n = 5). Symptomatic (n = 12), but not presymptomatic (n = 7), GRN carriers had elevated plasma EV levels relative to controls (n = 8). Interpretation These data show that symptomatic FTD‐GRN patients have elevated levels of brain and plasma EVs, and that this effect is modeled in the brain of Grn–/– mice after the onset of pathology. This increase in EVs could influence FTD disease progression, and provides further support for EVs as potential FTD biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Arrant
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Skylar E Davis
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rachael M Vollmer
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Charles F Murchison
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - James A Mobley
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anna M Karydas
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Erik D Roberson
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pasquini L, Nana AL, Toller G, Brown JA, Deng J, Staffaroni A, Kim EJ, Hwang JHL, Li L, Park Y, Gaus SE, Allen I, Sturm VE, Spina S, Grinberg LT, Rankin KP, Kramer JH, Rosen HJ, Miller BL, Seeley WW. Salience Network Atrophy Links Neuron Type-Specific Pathobiology to Loss of Empathy in Frontotemporal Dementia. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:5387-5399. [PMID: 32500143 PMCID: PMC7566683 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Each neurodegenerative syndrome reflects a stereotyped pattern of cellular, regional, and large-scale brain network degeneration. In behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), a disorder of social-emotional function, von Economo neurons (VENs), and fork cells are among the initial neuronal targets. These large layer 5 projection neurons are concentrated in the anterior cingulate and frontoinsular (FI) cortices, regions that anchor the salience network, a large-scale system linked to social-emotional function. Here, we studied patients with bvFTD, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or both, given that these syndromes share common pathobiological and genetic factors. Our goal was to determine how neuron type-specific TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) pathobiology relates to atrophy in specific brain structures and to loss of emotional empathy, a cardinal feature of bvFTD. We combined questionnaire-based empathy assessments, in vivo structural MR imaging, and quantitative histopathological data from 16 patients across the bvFTD/ALS spectrum. We show that TDP-43 pathobiology within right FI VENs and fork cells is associated with salience network atrophy spanning insular, medial frontal, and thalamic regions. Gray matter degeneration within these structures mediated loss of emotional empathy, suggesting a chain of influence linking the cellular, regional/network, and behavioral levels in producing signature bvFTD clinical features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pasquini
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Gianina Toller
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Jesse A Brown
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Jersey Deng
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Adam Staffaroni
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Eun-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Ji-Hye L Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Libo Li
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
- Department of Psychopharmacology, Qiqihar Medical University, 333 Bukui N St, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Youngsoon Park
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Stephanie E Gaus
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Isabel Allen
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Virginia E Sturm
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Katherine P Rankin
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Spina S, Brown JA, Deng J, Gardner RC, Nana AL, Hwang JHL, Gaus SE, Huang EJ, Kramer JH, Rosen HJ, Kornak J, Neuhaus J, Miller BL, Grinberg LT, Boxer AL, Seeley WW. Neuropathological correlates of structural and functional imaging biomarkers in 4-repeat tauopathies. Brain 2020; 142:2068-2081. [PMID: 31081015 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative dementia syndromes are characterized by spreading of pathological protein deposition along syndrome-specific neural networks. Structural and functional MRI measures can assess the integrity of these networks and have been proposed as biomarkers of disease progression for clinical trials. The relationship between in vivo imaging measures and pathological features, at the single subject level, remains largely unknown. Patient-specific maps of atrophy and seed-based intrinsic connectivity disruption, as compared to normal controls, were obtained for 27 patients subsequently diagnosed with progressive supranuclear palsy (n = 16, seven males, age at death 68.9 ± 6.0 years, imaging-to-pathology interval = 670.2 ± 425.1 days) or corticobasal degeneration (n = 11, two males, age at death 66.7 ± 5.4 years, imaging-to-pathology interval = 696.2 ± 482.2 days). A linear mixed effect model with crossed random effects was used to test regional and single-subject level associations between post-mortem regional measures of neurodegeneration and tau inclusion burden, on the one hand, and regional volume loss and seed-based intrinsic connectivity reduction, on the other. A significant association was found between tau inclusion burden and in vivo volume loss, at the regional level and independent of neurodegeneration severity, in both progressive supranuclear palsy [n = 340 regions; beta 0.036; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.001, 0.072; P = 0.046] and corticobasal degeneration (n = 215 regions; beta 0.044; 95% CI: 0.009, 0.079; P = 0.013). We also found a significant association between post-mortem neurodegeneration and in vivo volume loss in both progressive supranuclear palsy (n = 340 regions; beta 0.155; 95% CI: 0.061, 0.248; P = 0.001) and corticobasal degeneration (n = 215 regions; beta 0.277; 95% CI: 0.104, 0.450; P = 0.002). We found a significant association between regional neurodegeneration and intrinsic connectivity dysfunction in corticobasal degeneration (n = 215 regions; beta 0.074; 95% CI: 0.005, 0.143; P = 0.035), but no other associations between post-mortem measures of tauopathy and intrinsic connectivity dysfunction reached statistical significance. Our data suggest that in vivo structural imaging measures reflect independent contributions from neurodegeneration and tau burden in progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration. Seed-based measures of intrinsic connectivity dysfunction showed less reliable predictive value when used as in vivo biomarkers of tauopathy. The findings provide important guidance for the use of imaging biomarkers as indirect in vivo assays of microscopic pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Spina
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Jesse A Brown
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Jersey Deng
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Raquel C Gardner
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Ji-Hye L Hwang
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Stephanie E Gaus
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Eric J Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Howie J Rosen
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - John Kornak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - John Neuhaus
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kim EJ, Hwang JHL, Gaus SE, Nana AL, Deng J, Brown JA, Spina S, Lee MJ, Ramos EM, Grinberg LT, Kramer JH, Boxer AL, Gorno-Tempini ML, Rosen HJ, Miller BL, Seeley WW. Evidence of corticofugal tau spreading in patients with frontotemporal dementia. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:27-43. [PMID: 31542807 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02075-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Common neurodegenerative diseases feature progressive accumulation of disease-specific protein aggregates in selectively vulnerable brain regions. Increasing experimental evidence suggests that misfolded disease proteins exhibit prion-like properties, including the ability to seed corruptive templating and self-propagation along axons. Direct evidence for transneuronal spread in patients, however, remains limited. To test predictions made by the transneuronal spread hypothesis in human tissues, we asked whether tau deposition within axons of the corticospinal and corticopontine pathways can be predicted based on clinical syndromes and cortical atrophy patterns seen in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Sixteen patients with Pick's disease, 21 with corticobasal degeneration, and 3 with FTLD-MAPT were included, spanning a range of clinical syndromes across the frontotemporal dementia (FTD) spectrum. Cortical involvement was measured using a neurodegeneration score, a tau score, and a composite score based on semiquantitative ratings and complemented by an MRI-based cortical atrophy W-map based on antemortem imaging. Midbrain cerebral peduncle and pontine base descending fibers were divided into three subregions, representing prefrontopontine, corticospinal, and parieto-temporo-occipital fiber pathways. Tau area fraction was calculated in each subregion and related to clinical syndrome and cortical measures. Within each clinical syndrome, there were predicted relationships between cortical atrophy patterns and axonal tau deposition in midbrain cerebral peduncle and pontine base. Between syndromes, contrasting and predictable patterns of brainstem axonal tau deposition emerged, with, for example, greater tau in prefrontopontine fibers in behavioral variant FTD and in corticospinal fibers in corticobasal syndrome. Finally, semiquantitative and quantitative cortical degeneration scores predicted brainstem axonal tau deposition based on anatomical principles. Taken together, these findings provide important human evidence in support of axonal tau spreading in patients with specific forms of tau-related neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye L Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Stephanie E Gaus
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Jersey Deng
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Jesse A Brown
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Myung Jun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eliana Marisa Ramos
- Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Arrant AE, Roth JR, Boyle NR, Kashyap SN, Hoffmann MQ, Murchison CF, Ramos EM, Nana AL, Spina S, Grinberg LT, Miller BL, Seeley WW, Roberson ED. Impaired β-glucocerebrosidase activity and processing in frontotemporal dementia due to progranulin mutations. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:218. [PMID: 31870439 PMCID: PMC6929503 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0872-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in progranulin (GRN) are a major autosomal dominant cause of frontotemporal dementia. Most pathogenic GRN mutations result in progranulin haploinsufficiency, which is thought to cause frontotemporal dementia in GRN mutation carriers. Progranulin haploinsufficiency may drive frontotemporal dementia pathogenesis by disrupting lysosomal function, as patients with GRN mutations on both alleles develop the lysosomal storage disorder neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, and frontotemporal dementia patients with GRN mutations (FTD-GRN) also accumulate lipofuscin. The specific lysosomal deficits caused by progranulin insufficiency remain unclear, but emerging data indicate that progranulin insufficiency may impair lysosomal sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes. We investigated the effects of progranulin insufficiency on sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes in the inferior frontal gyrus of FTD-GRN patients using fluorogenic activity assays, biochemical profiling of enzyme levels and posttranslational modifications, and quantitative neuropathology. Of the enzymes studied, only β-glucocerebrosidase exhibited impairment in FTD-GRN patients. Brains from FTD-GRN patients had lower activity than controls, which was associated with lower levels of mature β-glucocerebrosidase protein and accumulation of insoluble, incompletely glycosylated β-glucocerebrosidase. Immunostaining revealed loss of neuronal β-glucocerebrosidase in FTD-GRN patients. To investigate the effects of progranulin insufficiency on β-glucocerebrosidase outside of the context of neurodegeneration, we investigated β-glucocerebrosidase activity in progranulin-insufficient mice. Brains from Grn-/- mice had lower β-glucocerebrosidase activity than wild-type littermates, which was corrected by AAV-progranulin gene therapy. These data show that progranulin insufficiency impairs β-glucocerebrosidase activity in the brain. This effect is strongest in neurons and may be caused by impaired β-glucocerebrosidase processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Arrant
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- , 1825 University Blvd., SHEL 1106, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Jonathan R Roth
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nicholas R Boyle
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shreya N Kashyap
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Madelyn Q Hoffmann
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Charles F Murchison
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Eliana Marisa Ramos
- Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, Memory & Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Neurology, Memory & Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, Memory & Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Memory & Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Memory & Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erik D Roberson
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- , 1825 University Blvd., SHEL 1110, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lin LC, Nana AL, Hepker M, Hwang JHL, Gaus SE, Spina S, Cosme CG, Gan L, Grinberg LT, Geschwind DH, Coppola G, Rosen HJ, Miller BL, Seeley WW. Preferential tau aggregation in von Economo neurons and fork cells in frontotemporal lobar degeneration with specific MAPT variants. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:159. [PMID: 31640778 PMCID: PMC6805408 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0809-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau aggregation is a hallmark feature in a subset of patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Early and selective loss of von Economo neurons (VENs) and fork cells within the frontoinsular (FI) and anterior cingulate cortices (ACC) is observed in patients with sporadic behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) due to frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), including FTLD with tau inclusions (FTLD-tau). Recently, we further showed that these specialized neurons show preferential aggregation of TDP-43 in FTLD-TDP. Whether VENs and fork cells are prone to tau accumulation in FTLD-tau remains unclear, and no previous studies of these neurons have focused on patients with pathogenic variants in the gene encoding microtubule-associated protein tau (FTLD-tau/MAPT). Here, we examined regional profiles of tau aggregation and neurodegeneration in 40 brain regions in 8 patients with FTLD-tau/MAPT and 7 with Pick's disease (PiD), a sporadic form of FTLD-tau that often presents with bvFTD. We further qualitatively assessed the cellular patterns of frontoinsular tau aggregation in FTLD-tau/MAPT using antibodies specific for tau hyperphosphorylation, acetylation, or conformational change. ACC and mid-insula were among the regions most affected by neurodegeneration and tau aggregation in FTLD-tau/MAPT and PiD. In these two forms of FTLD-tau, severity of regional neurodegeneration and tau protein aggregation were highly correlated across regions. In FTLD-tau/MAPT, VENs and fork cells showed disproportionate tau protein aggregation in patients with V337 M, A152T, and IVS10 + 16 variants, but not in patients with the P301L variant. As seen in FTLD-TDP, our data suggest that VENs and fork cells represent preferentially vulnerable neuron types in most, but not all of the MAPT variants we studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chun Lin
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Alissa L. Nana
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Mackenzie Hepker
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Ji-Hye Lee Hwang
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Stephanie E. Gaus
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Celica G. Cosme
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Li Gan
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Diseases, University of California, 1650 Owens St, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Lea T. Grinberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Daniel H. Geschwind
- Neurogenetics Program, Department of Neurology and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Neurogenetics Program, Department of Neurology and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Howard J. Rosen
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Bruce L. Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - William W. Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shanbhag NM, Evans MD, Mao W, Nana AL, Seeley WW, Adame A, Rissman RA, Masliah E, Mucke L. Early neuronal accumulation of DNA double strand breaks in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:77. [PMID: 31101070 PMCID: PMC6524256 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0723-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of genomic integrity is essential for normal cellular functions. However, it is difficult to maintain over a lifetime in postmitotic cells such as neurons, in which DNA damage increases with age and is exacerbated by multiple neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we used immunohistochemical staining to detect DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), the most severe form of DNA damage, in postmortem brain tissues from patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD and from cognitively unimpaired controls. Immunostaining for γH2AX-a post-translational histone modification that is widely used as a marker of DSBs-revealed increased proportions of γH2AX-labeled neurons and astrocytes in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of MCI and AD patients, as compared to age-matched controls. In contrast to the focal pattern associated with DSBs, some neurons and glia in humans and mice showed diffuse pan-nuclear patterns of γH2AX immunoreactivity. In mouse brains and primary neuronal cultures, such pan-nuclear γH2AX labeling could be elicited by increasing neuronal activity. To assess whether pan-nuclear γH2AX represents DSBs, we used a recently developed technology, DNA damage in situ ligation followed by proximity ligation assay, to detect close associations between γH2AX sites and free DSB ends. This assay revealed no evidence of DSBs in neurons or astrocytes with prominent pan-nuclear γH2AX labeling. These findings suggest that focal, but not pan-nuclear, increases in γH2AX immunoreactivity are associated with DSBs in brain tissue and that these distinct patterns of γH2AX formation may have different causes and consequences. We conclude that AD is associated with an accumulation of DSBs in vulnerable neuronal and glial cell populations from early stages onward. Because of the severe adverse effects this type of DNA damage can have on gene expression, chromatin stability and cellular functions, DSBs could be an important causal driver of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj M Shanbhag
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Mark D Evans
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Wenjie Mao
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Anthony Adame
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Present address: Division of Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lennart Mucke
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Geier EG, Bourdenx M, Storm NJ, Cochran JN, Sirkis DW, Hwang JH, Bonham LW, Ramos EM, Diaz A, Van Berlo V, Dokuru D, Nana AL, Karydas A, Balestra ME, Huang Y, Russo SP, Spina S, Grinberg LT, Seeley WW, Myers RM, Miller BL, Coppola G, Lee SE, Cuervo AM, Yokoyama JS. Rare variants in the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis gene MFSD8 are candidate risk factors for frontotemporal dementia. Acta Neuropathol 2019; 137:71-88. [PMID: 30382371 PMCID: PMC6371791 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-018-1925-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic variation in MAPT, GRN, and C9ORF72 accounts for at most only half of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) cases with a family history of neurological disease. This suggests additional variants and genes that remain to be identified as risk factors for FTLD. We conducted a case-control genetic association study comparing pathologically diagnosed FTLD patients (n = 94) to cognitively normal older adults (n = 3541), and found suggestive evidence that gene-wide aggregate rare variant burden in MFSD8 is associated with FTLD risk. Because homozygous mutations in MFSD8 cause neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), similar to homozygous mutations in GRN, we assessed rare variants in MFSD8 for relevance to FTLD through experimental follow-up studies. Using post-mortem tissue from middle frontal gyrus of patients with FTLD and controls, we identified increased MFSD8 protein levels in MFSD8 rare variant carriers relative to non-variant carrier patients with sporadic FTLD and healthy controls. We also observed an increase in lysosomal and autophagy-related proteins in MFSD8 rare variant carrier and sporadic FTLD patients relative to controls. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that MFSD8 was expressed in neurons and astrocytes across subjects, without clear evidence of abnormal localization in patients. Finally, in vitro studies identified marked disruption of lysosomal function in cells from MFSD8 rare variant carriers, and identified one rare variant that significantly increased the cell surface levels of MFSD8. Considering the growing evidence for altered autophagy in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, our findings support a role of NCL genes in FTLD risk and suggest that MFSD8-associated lysosomal dysfunction may contribute to FTLD pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan G Geier
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Mathieu Bourdenx
- Department of Development and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Nadia J Storm
- Department of Development and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | | | - Daniel W Sirkis
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Ji-Hye Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Luke W Bonham
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Eliana Marisa Ramos
- Department of Psychiatry and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Antonio Diaz
- Department of Development and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Victoria Van Berlo
- Department of Psychiatry and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Deepika Dokuru
- Department of Psychiatry and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Anna Karydas
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | | | - Yadong Huang
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Silvia P Russo
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Richard M Myers
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Department of Psychiatry and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Suzee E Lee
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Development and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jennifer S Yokoyama
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vatsavayai SC, Nana AL, Yokoyama JS, Seeley WW. C9orf72-FTD/ALS pathogenesis: evidence from human neuropathological studies. Acta Neuropathol 2019; 137:1-26. [PMID: 30368547 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-018-1921-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
What are the most important and treatable pathogenic mechanisms in C9orf72-FTD/ALS? Model-based efforts to address this question are forging ahead at a blistering pace, often with conflicting results. But what does the human neuropathological literature reveal? Here, we provide a critical review of the human studies to date, seeking to highlight key gaps or uncertainties in our knowledge. First, we engage the C9orf72-specific mechanisms, including C9orf72 haploinsufficiency, repeat RNA foci, and dipeptide repeat protein inclusions. We then turn to some of the most prominent C9orf72-associated features, such as TDP-43 loss-of-function, TDP-43 aggregation, and nuclear transport defects. Finally, we review potential disease-modifying epigenetic and genetic factors and the natural history of the disease across the lifespan. Throughout, we emphasize the importance of anatomical precision when studying how candidate mechanisms relate to neuronal, regional, and behavioral findings. We further highlight methodological approaches that may help address lingering knowledge gaps and uncertainties, as well as other logical next steps for the field. We conclude that anatomically oriented human neuropathological studies have a critical role to play in guiding this fast-moving field toward effective new therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarat C Vatsavayai
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Jennifer S Yokoyama
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, Box 1207, San Francisco, CA, 94143-1207, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nana AL, Sidhu M, Gaus SE, Hwang JHL, Li L, Park Y, Kim EJ, Pasquini L, Allen IE, Rankin KP, Toller G, Kramer JH, Geschwind DH, Coppola G, Huang EJ, Grinberg LT, Miller BL, Seeley WW. Neurons selectively targeted in frontotemporal dementia reveal early stage TDP-43 pathobiology. Acta Neuropathol 2019; 137:27-46. [PMID: 30511086 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-018-1942-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) aggregation is the most common pathological hallmark in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and characterizes nearly all patients with motor neuron disease (MND). The earliest stages of TDP-43 pathobiology are not well-characterized, and whether neurodegeneration results from TDP-43 loss-of-function or aggregation remains unclear. In the behavioral variant of FTD (bvFTD), patients undergo selective dropout of von Economo neurons (VENs) and fork cells within the frontoinsular (FI) and anterior cingulate cortices. Here, we examined TDP-43 pathobiology within these vulnerable neurons in the FI across a clinical spectrum including 17 patients with sporadic bvFTD, MND, or both. In an exploratory analysis based on our initial observations, we further assessed ten patients with C9orf72-associated bvFTD/MND. VENs and fork cells showed early, disproportionate TDP-43 aggregation that correlated with anatomical and clinical severity, including loss of emotional empathy. The presence of a TDP-43 inclusion was associated with striking nuclear and somatodendritic atrophy. An intriguing minority of neurons lacked detectable nuclear TDP-43 despite the apparent absence of a cytoplasmic TDP-43 inclusion. These cells showed neuronal atrophy comparable to inclusion-bearing neurons, suggesting that the loss of nuclear TDP-43 function promotes neurodegeneration, even when TDP-43 aggregation is inconspicuous or absent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Manu Sidhu
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie E Gaus
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ji-Hye L Hwang
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Libo Li
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychopharmacology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Youngsoon Park
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eun-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lorenzo Pasquini
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Isabel E Allen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katherine P Rankin
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gianina Toller
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Neurogenetics Program, Department of Neurology and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Neurogenetics Program, Department of Neurology and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric J Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dijkstra AA, Lin LC, Nana AL, Gaus SE, Seeley WW. Von Economo Neurons and Fork Cells: A Neurochemical Signature Linked to Monoaminergic Function. Cereb Cortex 2018; 28:131-144. [PMID: 27913432 PMCID: PMC6075576 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human anterior cingulate and frontoinsular cortices are distinguished by 2 unique Layer 5 neuronal morphotypes, the von Economo neurons (VENs) and fork cells, whose biological identity remains mysterious. Insights could impact research on diverse neuropsychiatric diseases to which these cells have been linked. Here, we leveraged the Allen Brain Atlas to evaluate mRNA expression of 176 neurotransmitter-related genes and identified vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunit θ (GABRQ), and adrenoreceptor α-1A (ADRA1A) expression in human VENs, fork cells, and a minority of neighboring Layer 5 neurons. We confirmed these results using immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization. VMAT2 and GABRQ expression was absent in mouse cerebral cortex. Although VMAT2 is known to package monoamines into synaptic vesicles, in VENs and fork cells its expression occurs in the absence of monoamine-synthesizing enzymes or reuptake transporters. Thus, VENs and fork cells may possess a novel, uncharacterized mode of cortical monoaminergic function that distinguishes them from most other mammalian Layer 5 neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anke A Dijkstra
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Li-Chun Lin
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Stephanie E Gaus
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - William W Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Perry DC, Brown JA, Possin KL, Datta S, Trujillo A, Radke A, Karydas A, Kornak J, Sias AC, Rabinovici GD, Gorno-Tempini ML, Boxer AL, De May M, Rankin KP, Sturm VE, Lee SE, Matthews BR, Kao AW, Vossel KA, Tartaglia MC, Miller ZA, Seo SW, Sidhu M, Gaus SE, Nana AL, Vargas JNS, Hwang JHL, Ossenkoppele R, Brown AB, Huang EJ, Coppola G, Rosen HJ, Geschwind D, Trojanowski JQ, Grinberg LT, Kramer JH, Miller BL, Seeley WW. Clinicopathological correlations in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia. Brain 2017; 140:3329-3345. [PMID: 29053860 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurately predicting the underlying neuropathological diagnosis in patients with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) poses a daunting challenge for clinicians but will be critical for the success of disease-modifying therapies. We sought to improve pathological prediction by exploring clinicopathological correlations in a large bvFTD cohort. Among 438 patients in whom bvFTD was either the top or an alternative possible clinical diagnosis, 117 had available autopsy data, including 98 with a primary pathological diagnosis of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), 15 with Alzheimer's disease, and four with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who lacked neurodegenerative disease-related pathology outside of the motor system. Patients with FTLD were distributed between FTLD-tau (34 patients: 10 corticobasal degeneration, nine progressive supranuclear palsy, eight Pick's disease, three frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism associated with chromosome 17, three unclassifiable tauopathy, and one argyrophilic grain disease); FTLD-TDP (55 patients: nine type A including one with motor neuron disease, 27 type B including 21 with motor neuron disease, eight type C with right temporal lobe presentations, and 11 unclassifiable including eight with motor neuron disease), FTLD-FUS (eight patients), and one patient with FTLD-ubiquitin proteasome system positive inclusions (FTLD-UPS) that stained negatively for tau, TDP-43, and FUS. Alzheimer's disease was uncommon (6%) among patients whose only top diagnosis during follow-up was bvFTD. Seventy-nine per cent of FTLD-tau, 86% of FTLD-TDP, and 88% of FTLD-FUS met at least 'possible' bvFTD diagnostic criteria at first presentation. The frequency of the six core bvFTD diagnostic features was similar in FTLD-tau and FTLD-TDP, suggesting that these features alone cannot be used to separate patients by major molecular class. Voxel-based morphometry revealed that nearly all pathological subgroups and even individual patients share atrophy in anterior cingulate, frontoinsula, striatum, and amygdala, indicating that degeneration of these regions is intimately linked to the behavioural syndrome produced by these diverse aetiologies. In addition to these unifying features, symptom profiles also differed among pathological subtypes, suggesting distinct anatomical vulnerabilities and informing a clinician's prediction of pathological diagnosis. Data-driven classification into one of the 10 most common pathological diagnoses was most accurate (up to 60.2%) when using a combination of known predictive factors (genetic mutations, motor features, or striking atrophy patterns) and the results of a discriminant function analysis that incorporated clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Perry
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jesse A Brown
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katherine L Possin
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Samir Datta
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Trujillo
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anneliese Radke
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Anna Karydas
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John Kornak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ana C Sias
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gil D Rabinovici
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mary De May
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katherine P Rankin
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Virginia E Sturm
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Suzee E Lee
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brandy R Matthews
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Aimee W Kao
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Keith A Vossel
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Maria Carmela Tartaglia
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Zachary A Miller
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Manu Sidhu
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie E Gaus
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alissa L Nana
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jose Norberto S Vargas
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ji-Hye L Hwang
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alainna B Brown
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric J Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Neurogenetics program, Department of Neurology, and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behaviour, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Geschwind
- Neurogenetics program, Department of Neurology, and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behaviour, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nana AL, Kim EH, Thu DCV, Oorschot DE, Tippett LJ, Hogg VM, Synek BJ, Roxburgh R, Waldvogel HJ, Faull RLM. Widespread heterogeneous neuronal loss across the cerebral cortex in Huntington's disease. J Huntingtons Dis 2014; 3:45-64. [PMID: 25062764 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-140092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease characterized by neuronal degeneration in the basal ganglia and cerebral cortex, and a variable symptom profile. Although progressive striatal degeneration is known to occur and is related to symptom profile, little is known about the cellular basis of symptom heterogeneity across the entire cerebral cortex. To investigate this, we have undertaken a double blind study using unbiased stereological cell counting techniques to determine the pattern of cell loss in six representative cortical regions from the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes in the brains of 14 Huntington's disease cases and 15 controls. The results clearly demonstrate a widespread loss of total neurons and pyramidal cells across all cortical regions studied, except for the primary visual cortex. Importantly, the results show that cell loss is remarkably variable both within and between Huntington's disease cases. The results also show that neuronal loss in the primary sensory and secondary visual cortices relate to Huntington's disease motor symptom profiles, and neuronal loss across the associational cortices in the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes is related to both Huntington's disease motor and to mood symptom profiles. This finding considerably extends a previous study (Thu et al., Brain, 2010; 133:1094-1110) which showed that neuronal loss in the primary motor cortex was related specifically to the motor symptom profiles while neuronal loss in the anterior cingulate cortex was related specifically to mood symptom profiles. The extent of cortical cell loss in the current study was generally related to the striatal neuropathological grade, but not to CAG repeat length on the HTT gene. Overall our findings show that Huntington's disease is characterized by a heterogeneous pattern of neuronal cell loss across the entire cerebrum which varies with symptom profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alissa L Nana
- Department of Anatomy with Radiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Eric H Kim
- Department of Anatomy with Radiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Doris C V Thu
- Department of Anatomy with Radiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dorothy E Oorschot
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, and the Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lynette J Tippett
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Virginia M Hogg
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Beth J Synek
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Department of Forensic Pathology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard Roxburgh
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Department of Neurology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Henry J Waldvogel
- Department of Anatomy with Radiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard L M Faull
- Department of Anatomy with Radiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Thu DCV, Oorschot DE, Tippett LJ, Nana AL, Hogg VM, Synek BJ, Luthi-Carter R, Waldvogel HJ, Faull RLM. Cell loss in the motor and cingulate cortex correlates with symptomatology in Huntington’s disease. Brain 2010; 133:1094-110. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
|