1
|
Welch CL, Aldred MA, Balachandar S, Dooijes D, Eichstaedt CA, Gräf S, Houweling AC, Machado RD, Pandya D, Prapa M, Shaukat M, Southgate L, Tenorio-Castano J, Chung WK. Defining the clinical validity of genes reported to cause pulmonary arterial hypertension. Genet Med 2023; 25:100925. [PMID: 37422716 PMCID: PMC10766870 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.100925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, progressive vasculopathy with significant cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. Genetic testing is currently recommended for adults diagnosed with heritable, idiopathic, anorexigen-, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia-, and congenital heart disease-associated PAH, PAH with overt features of venous/capillary involvement, and all children diagnosed with PAH. Variants in at least 27 genes have putative evidence for PAH causality. Rigorous assessment of the evidence is needed to inform genetic testing. METHODS An international panel of experts in PAH applied a semi-quantitative scoring system developed by the NIH Clinical Genome Resource to classify the relative strength of evidence supporting PAH gene-disease relationships based on genetic and experimental evidence. RESULTS Twelve genes (BMPR2, ACVRL1, ATP13A3, CAV1, EIF2AK4, ENG, GDF2, KCNK3, KDR, SMAD9, SOX17, and TBX4) were classified as having definitive evidence and 3 genes (ABCC8, GGCX, and TET2) with moderate evidence. Six genes (AQP1, BMP10, FBLN2, KLF2, KLK1, and PDGFD) were classified as having limited evidence for causal effects of variants. TOPBP1 was classified as having no known PAH relationship. Five genes (BMPR1A, BMPR1B, NOTCH3, SMAD1, and SMAD4) were disputed because of a paucity of genetic evidence over time. CONCLUSION We recommend that genetic testing includes all genes with definitive evidence and that caution be taken in the interpretation of variants identified in genes with moderate or limited evidence. Genes with no known evidence for PAH or disputed genes should not be included in genetic testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Micheala A Aldred
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN
| | - Srimmitha Balachandar
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN
| | - Dennis Dooijes
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Christina A Eichstaedt
- Center for Pulmonary Hypertension, Thoraxklinik-Heidelberg gGmbH, at Heidelberg University Hospital and Translational Lung Research Center, German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany; Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Diagnostics, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Gräf
- NIHR BioResource for Translational Research - Rare Diseases, Department of Haemotology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Arjan C Houweling
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rajiv D Machado
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Divya Pandya
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matina Prapa
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom; St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Memoona Shaukat
- Center for Pulmonary Hypertension, Thoraxklinik-Heidelberg gGmbH, at Heidelberg University Hospital and Translational Lung Research Center, German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany; Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Diagnostics, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Southgate
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jair Tenorio-Castano
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IDiPAZ, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; ITHACA, European Reference Network, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karolak JA, Welch CL, Mosimann C, Bzdęga K, West JD, Montani D, Eyries M, Mullen MP, Abman SH, Prapa M, Gräf S, Morrell NW, Hemnes AR, Perros F, Hamid R, Logan MPO, Whitsett J, Galambos C, Stankiewicz P, Chung WK, Austin ED. Molecular Function and Contribution of TBX4 in Development and Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:855-864. [PMID: 36367783 PMCID: PMC10111992 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202206-1039tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, recognition of the profound impact of the TBX4 (T-box 4) gene, which encodes a member of the evolutionarily conserved family of T-box-containing transcription factors, on respiratory diseases has emerged. The developmental importance of TBX4 is emphasized by the association of TBX4 variants with congenital disorders involving respiratory and skeletal structures; however, the exact role of TBX4 in human development remains incompletely understood. Here, we discuss the developmental, tissue-specific, and pathological TBX4 functions identified through human and animal studies and review the published TBX4 variants resulting in variable disease phenotypes. We also outline future research directions to fill the gaps in our understanding of TBX4 function and of how TBX4 disruption affects development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna A. Karolak
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Katarzyna Bzdęga
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - James D. West
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - David Montani
- Université Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Hôpital de Bicêtre, DMU 5 Thorinno, Inserm UMR_S999, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Mélanie Eyries
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Département de Génétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Mary P. Mullen
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Matina Prapa
- St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Gräf
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Heart and Lung Research Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas W. Morrell
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Heart and Lung Research Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anna R. Hemnes
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Frédéric Perros
- Université Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Hôpital de Bicêtre, DMU 5 Thorinno, Inserm UMR_S999, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Rizwan Hamid
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Malcolm P. O. Logan
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey Whitsett
- Division of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; and
| | - Csaba Galambos
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Paweł Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Department of Pediatrics and
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Eric D. Austin
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang BZ, Nash TR, Zhang X, Rao J, Abriola L, Kim Y, Zakharov S, Kim M, Luo LJ, Morsink M, Liu B, Lock RI, Fleischer S, Tamargo MA, Bohnen M, Welch CL, Chung WK, Marx SO, Surovtseva YV, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Fine BM. Engineered cardiac tissue model of restrictive cardiomyopathy for drug discovery. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100976. [PMID: 36921598 PMCID: PMC10040415 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is defined as increased myocardial stiffness and impaired diastolic relaxation leading to elevated ventricular filling pressures. Human variants in filamin C (FLNC) are linked to a variety of cardiomyopathies, and in this study, we investigate an in-frame deletion (c.7416_7418delGAA, p.Glu2472_Asn2473delinAsp) in a patient with RCM. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) with this variant display impaired relaxation and reduced calcium kinetics in 2D culture when compared with a CRISPR-Cas9-corrected isogenic control line. Similarly, mutant engineered cardiac tissues (ECTs) demonstrate increased passive tension and impaired relaxation velocity compared with isogenic controls. High-throughput small-molecule screening identifies phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibition by trequinsin as a potential therapy to improve cardiomyocyte relaxation in this genotype. Together, these data demonstrate an engineered cardiac tissue model of RCM and establish the translational potential of this precision medicine approach to identify therapeutics targeting myocardial relaxation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Z Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Trevor R Nash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xiaokan Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jenny Rao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Laura Abriola
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Youngbin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sergey Zakharov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michael Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lori J Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Margaretha Morsink
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Bohao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Roberta I Lock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sharon Fleischer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Manuel A Tamargo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michael Bohnen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Carrie L Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Steven O Marx
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yulia V Surovtseva
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Barry M Fine
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Prapa M, Lago-Docampo M, Swietlik EM, Montani D, Eyries M, Humbert M, Welch CL, Chung WK, Berger RMF, Bogaard HJ, Danhaive O, Escribano-Subías P, Gall H, Girerd B, Hernandez-Gonzalez I, Holden S, Hunt D, Jansen SMA, Kerstjens-Frederikse W, Kiely DG, Lapunzina P, McDermott J, Moledina S, Pepke-Zaba J, Polwarth GJ, Schotte G, Tenorio-Castaño J, Thompson AAR, Wharton J, Wort SJ, Megy K, Mapeta R, Treacy CM, Martin JM, Li W, Swift AJ, Upton PD, Morrell NW, Gräf S, Valverde D. First Genotype-Phenotype Study in TBX4 Syndrome: Gain-of-Function Mutations Causative for Lung Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:1522-1533. [PMID: 35852389 PMCID: PMC9757087 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202203-0485oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Despite the increased recognition of TBX4 (T-BOX transcription factor 4)-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), genotype-phenotype associations are lacking and may provide important insights. Objectives: To compile and functionally characterize all TBX4 variants reported to date and undertake a comprehensive genotype-phenotype analysis. Methods: We assembled a multicenter cohort of 137 patients harboring monoallelic TBX4 variants and assessed the pathogenicity of missense variation (n = 42) using a novel luciferase reporter assay containing T-BOX binding motifs. We sought genotype-phenotype correlations and undertook a comparative analysis with patients with PAH with BMPR2 (Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor type 2) causal variants (n = 162) or no identified variants in PAH-associated genes (n = 741) genotyped via the National Institute for Health Research BioResource-Rare Diseases. Measurements and Main Results: Functional assessment of TBX4 missense variants led to the novel finding of gain-of-function effects associated with older age at diagnosis of lung disease compared with loss-of-function effects (P = 0.038). Variants located in the T-BOX and nuclear localization domains were associated with earlier presentation (P = 0.005) and increased incidence of interstitial lung disease (P = 0.003). Event-free survival (death or transplantation) was shorter in the T-BOX group (P = 0.022), although age had a significant effect in the hazard model (P = 0.0461). Carriers of TBX4 variants were diagnosed at a younger age (P < 0.001) and had worse baseline lung function (FEV1, FVC) (P = 0.009) than the BMPR2 and no identified causal variant groups. Conclusions: We demonstrated that TBX4 syndrome is not strictly the result of haploinsufficiency but can also be caused by gain of function. The pleiotropic effects of TBX4 in lung disease may be in part explained by the differential effect of pathogenic mutations located in critical protein domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matina Prapa
- Department of Medicine and
- St. George’s University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mauro Lago-Docampo
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- Rare Diseases and Pediatric Medicine, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Emilia M. Swietlik
- Department of Medicine and
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Montani
- Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, Service de Pneumologie, Centre de référence de l’hypertension pulmonaire, INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Eyries
- Département de génétique, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, and UMR_S 1166-ICAN, INSERM, UPMC Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, Service de Pneumologie, Centre de référence de l’hypertension pulmonaire, INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | | | - Wendy K. Chung
- Department of Pediatrics and
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Rolf M. F. Berger
- Centre for Congenital Heart Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, and
| | - Harm Jan Bogaard
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, the Netherlands
| | - Olivier Danhaive
- Division of Neonatology, St.-Luc University Hospital, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Pilar Escribano-Subías
- Unidad Multidisciplinar de Hipertensión Pulmonar, Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Henning Gall
- Centre for Congenital Heart Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, and
| | - Barbara Girerd
- Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, Service de Pneumologie, Centre de référence de l’hypertension pulmonaire, INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | | | - Simon Holden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Hunt
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Samara M. A. Jansen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, the Netherlands
| | | | - David G. Kiely
- Department of Infection, Immunity, and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability, Brussels, Belgium
| | - John McDermott
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joanna Pepke-Zaba
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gary J. Polwarth
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gwen Schotte
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, the Netherlands
| | - Jair Tenorio-Castaño
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A. A. Roger Thompson
- Department of Infection, Immunity, and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - John Wharton
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J. Wort
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karyn Megy
- Department of Medicine and
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rutendo Mapeta
- Department of Medicine and
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Wei Li
- Department of Medicine and
| | - Andrew J. Swift
- Department of Infection, Immunity, and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nicholas W. Morrell
- Department of Medicine and
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) BioResource for Translational Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Gräf
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) BioResource for Translational Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Valverde
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- Rare Diseases and Pediatric Medicine, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Flex E, Albadri S, Radio FC, Cecchetti S, Lauri A, Priolo M, Kissopoulos M, Carpentieri G, Fasano G, Venditti M, Magliocca V, Bellacchio E, Welch CL, Colombo PC, Kochav SM, Chang R, Barrick R, Trivisano M, Micalizzi A, Borghi R, Messina E, Mancini C, Pizzi S, De Santis F, Rosello M, Specchio N, Compagnucci C, McWalter K, Chung WK, Del Bene F, Tartaglia M. Dominantly acting KIF5B variants with pleiotropic cellular consequences cause variable clinical phenotypes. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 32:473-488. [PMID: 36018820 PMCID: PMC9851748 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinesins are motor proteins involved in microtubule (MT)-mediated intracellular transport. They contribute to key cellular processes, including intracellular trafficking, organelle dynamics and cell division. Pathogenic variants in kinesin-encoding genes underlie several human diseases characterized by an extremely variable clinical phenotype, ranging from isolated neurodevelopmental/neurodegenerative disorders to syndromic phenotypes belonging to a family of conditions collectively termed as 'ciliopathies.' Among kinesins, kinesin-1 is the most abundant MT motor for transport of cargoes towards the plus end of MTs. Three kinesin-1 heavy chain isoforms exist in mammals. Different from KIF5A and KIF5C, which are specifically expressed in neurons and established to cause neurological diseases when mutated, KIF5B is an ubiquitous protein. Three de novo missense KIF5B variants were recently described in four subjects with a syndromic skeletal disorder characterized by kyphomelic dysplasia, hypotonia and DD/ID. Here, we report three dominantly acting KIF5B variants (p.Asn255del, p.Leu498Pro and p.Leu537Pro) resulting in a clinically wide phenotypic spectrum, ranging from dilated cardiomyopathy with adult-onset ophthalmoplegia and progressive skeletal myopathy to a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by severe hypotonia with or without seizures. In vitro and in vivo analyses provide evidence that the identified disease-associated KIF5B variants disrupt lysosomal, autophagosome and mitochondrial organization, and impact cilium biogenesis. All variants, and one of the previously reported missense changes, were shown to affect multiple developmental processes in zebrafish. These findings document pleiotropic consequences of aberrant KIF5B function on development and cell homeostasis, and expand the phenotypic spectrum resulting from altered kinesin-mediated processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Flex
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy. Tel: +39 06 4990 2866; ; Marco Tartaglia, Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. Tel: +39 06 6859 3742;
| | | | - Francesca Clementina Radio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Cecchetti
- Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Lauri
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Priolo
- UOSD Genetica Medica, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano "Bianchi Melacrino Morelli", 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Marta Kissopoulos
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Carpentieri
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy,Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fasano
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Venditti
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Magliocca
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bellacchio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Carrie L Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, New York 10032, USA
| | - Paolo C Colombo
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, New York 10032, USA
| | - Stephanie M Kochav
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, New York 10032, USA
| | - Richard Chang
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, Children's Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), CA, Orange 92868, USA
| | - Rebekah Barrick
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, Children's Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), CA, Orange 92868, USA
| | - Marina Trivisano
- Department of Neuroscience, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Micalizzi
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Borghi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Messina
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy,Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Mancini
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Pizzi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia De Santis
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U934, CNRS UMR3215 Paris, France
| | - Marion Rosello
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Nicola Specchio
- Department of Neuroscience, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Compagnucci
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, New York 10032, USA,Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, New York 10032, USA
| | | | - Marco Tartaglia
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy. Tel: +39 06 4990 2866; ; Marco Tartaglia, Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy. Tel: +39 06 6859 3742;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhu N, Pauciulo MW, Welch CL, Lutz KA, Coleman AW, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Wang J, Grimes JM, Martin LJ, He H, Shen Y, Chung WK, Nichols WC. Correction to: Novel risk genes and mechanisms implicated by exome sequencing of 2572 individuals with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Genome Med 2022; 14:12. [PMID: 35130931 PMCID: PMC8822702 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael W Pauciulo
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC, Cincinnati, OH, 7016, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Carrie L Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katie A Lutz
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC, Cincinnati, OH, 7016, USA
| | - Anna W Coleman
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC, Cincinnati, OH, 7016, USA
| | | | - Jiayao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph M Grimes
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC, Cincinnati, OH, 7016, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hua He
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC, Cincinnati, OH, 7016, USA
| | | | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William C Nichols
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC, Cincinnati, OH, 7016, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, progressive vasculopathy with significant cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. The underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are heterogeneous and current therapies aim to decrease pulmonary vascular resistance but no curative treatments are available. Causal genetic variants can be identified in ~13% of adults and 43% of children with PAH. Knowledge of genetic diagnoses can inform clinical management of PAH, including multimodal medical treatment, surgical intervention and transplantation decisions, and screening for associated conditions, as well as risk stratification for family members. Roles for rare variants in three channelopathy genes—ABCC8, ATP13A3, and KCNK3—have been validated in multiple PAH cohorts, and in aggregate explain ~2.7% of PAH cases. Complete or partial loss of function has been demonstrated for PAH-associated variants in ABCC8 and KCNK3. Channels can be excellent targets for drugs, and knowledge of mechanisms for channel mutations may provide an opportunity for the development of PAH biomarkers and novel therapeutics for patients with hereditary PAH but also potentially more broadly for all patients with PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L. Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stevens L, Colglazier E, Parker C, Amin EK, Nawaytou H, Teitel D, Reddy VM, Welch CL, Chung WK, Fineman JR. Genetics dictating therapeutic decisions in pediatric pulmonary hypertension? A case report suggesting we are getting closer. Pulm Circ 2022; 12:e12033. [PMID: 35506084 PMCID: PMC9052973 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite therapeutic advances over the past decades, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and related pulmonary vascular diseases continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality in neonates, infants, and children. Unfortunately, an adequate understanding of underlying biology is lacking. There has been a growing interest in the role that genetic factors influence pulmonary vascular disease, with the hope that genetic information may aid in identifying disease etiologies, guide therapeutic decisions, and ultimately identify novel therapeutic targets. In fact, current data suggest that genetic factors contribute to ~42% of pediatric‐onset PH compared to ~12.5% of adult‐onset PAH. We report a case in which the knowledge that biallelic ATP13A3 mutations are associated with malignant progression of PAH in young childhood, led us to alter our traditional treatment plan for a 21‐month‐old PAH patient. In this case, we elected to perform a historically high‐risk Potts shunt before expected rapid deterioration. Short‐term follow‐up is encouraging, and the patient remains the only known surviving pediatric PAH patient with an associated biallelic ATP13A3 mutation in the literature. We speculate that an increased use of comprehensive genetic testing can aid in identifying the underlying pathobiology and the expected natural history, and guide treatment plans among PAH patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah Stevens
- Department of Pediatrics University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA
| | - Elizabeth Colglazier
- Department of Nursing University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA
| | - Claire Parker
- Department of Nursing University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA
| | - Elena K. Amin
- Department of Pediatrics University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA
| | - Hythem Nawaytou
- Department of Pediatrics University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA
| | - David Teitel
- Department of Pediatrics University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA
| | - Vadiyala M. Reddy
- Department of Surgery University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA
| | - Carrie L. Welch
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York USA
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Fineman
- Department of Pediatrics University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Machado RD, Welch CL, Haimel M, Bleda M, Colglazier E, Coulson JD, Debeljak M, Ekstein J, Fineman JR, Golden WC, Griffin EL, Hadinnapola C, Harris MA, Hirsch Y, Hoover-Fong JE, Nogee L, Romer LH, Vesel S, Gräf S, Morrell NW, Southgate L, Chung WK. Biallelic variants of ATP13A3 cause dose-dependent childhood-onset pulmonary arterial hypertension characterised by extreme morbidity and mortality. J Med Genet 2021; 59:906-911. [PMID: 34493544 PMCID: PMC9411922 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2021-107831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The molecular genetic basis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is heterogeneous, with at least 26 genes displaying putative evidence for disease causality. Heterozygous variants in the ATP13A3 gene were recently identified as a new cause of adult-onset PAH. However, the contribution of ATP13A3 risk alleles to child-onset PAH remains largely unexplored. Methods and results We report three families with a novel, autosomal recessive form of childhood-onset PAH due to biallelic ATP13A3 variants. Disease onset ranged from birth to 2.5 years and was characterised by high mortality. Using genome sequencing of parent–offspring trios, we identified a homozygous missense variant in one case, which was subsequently confirmed to cosegregate with disease in an affected sibling. Independently, compound heterozygous variants in ATP13A3 were identified in two affected siblings and in an unrelated third family. The variants included three loss of function variants (two frameshift, one nonsense) and two highly conserved missense substitutions located in the catalytic phosphorylation domain. The children were largely refractory to treatment and four died in early childhood. All parents were heterozygous for the variants and asymptomatic. Conclusion Our findings support biallelic predicted deleterious ATP13A3 variants in autosomal recessive, childhood-onset PAH, indicating likely semidominant dose-dependent inheritance for this gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv D Machado
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Carrie L Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthias Haimel
- NIHR Bioresource - Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Marta Bleda
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Elizabeth Colglazier
- Department of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - John D Coulson
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marusa Debeljak
- Clinical Institute of Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, University Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Josef Ekstein
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Fineman
- Department of Pediatrics and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Emily L Griffin
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Charaka Hadinnapola
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | | | - Yoel Hirsch
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | | | - Lawrence Nogee
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lewis H Romer
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Cell Biology, Biomedical Engineering, and the Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Samo Vesel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, University Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Paediatrics, Teaching Hospital Celje, Celje, Slovenia
| | | | - Stefan Gräf
- NIHR Bioresource - Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- NIHR Bioresource - Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Laura Southgate
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA .,Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhu N, Swietlik EM, Welch CL, Pauciulo MW, Hagen JJ, Zhou X, Guo Y, Karten J, Pandya D, Tilly T, Lutz KA, Martin JM, Treacy CM, Rosenzweig EB, Krishnan U, Coleman AW, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Lawrie A, Trembath RC, Wilkins MR, Morrell NW, Shen Y, Gräf S, Nichols WC, Chung WK. Correction to: Rare variant analysis of 4241 pulmonary arterial hypertension cases from an international consortium implicates FBLN2, PDGFD, and rare de novo variants in PAH. Genome Med 2021; 13:106. [PMID: 34158098 PMCID: PMC8220777 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00915-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emilia M Swietlik
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carrie L Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Michael W Pauciulo
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jacob J Hagen
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xueya Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yicheng Guo
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Divya Pandya
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tobias Tilly
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katie A Lutz
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer M Martin
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carmen M Treacy
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erika B Rosenzweig
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Usha Krishnan
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Anna W Coleman
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Allan Lawrie
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Richard C Trembath
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Martin R Wilkins
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Nicholas W Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Addenbrooke's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Gräf
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - William C Nichols
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA. .,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhu N, Swietlik EM, Welch CL, Pauciulo MW, Hagen JJ, Zhou X, Guo Y, Karten J, Pandya D, Tilly T, Lutz KA, Martin JM, Treacy CM, Rosenzweig EB, Krishnan U, Coleman AW, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Lawrie A, Trembath RC, Wilkins MR, Morrell NW, Shen Y, Gräf S, Nichols WC, Chung WK. Rare variant analysis of 4241 pulmonary arterial hypertension cases from an international consortium implicates FBLN2, PDGFD, and rare de novo variants in PAH. Genome Med 2021; 13:80. [PMID: 33971972 PMCID: PMC8112021 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00891-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a lethal vasculopathy characterized by pathogenic remodeling of pulmonary arterioles leading to increased pulmonary pressures, right ventricular hypertrophy, and heart failure. PAH can be associated with other diseases (APAH: connective tissue diseases, congenital heart disease, and others) but often the etiology is idiopathic (IPAH). Mutations in bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) are the cause of most heritable cases but the vast majority of other cases are genetically undefined. METHODS To identify new risk genes, we utilized an international consortium of 4241 PAH cases with exome or genome sequencing data from the National Biological Sample and Data Repository for PAH, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, and the UK NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases Study. The strength of this combined cohort is a doubling of the number of IPAH cases compared to either national cohort alone. We identified protein-coding variants and performed rare variant association analyses in unrelated participants of European ancestry, including 1647 IPAH cases and 18,819 controls. We also analyzed de novo variants in 124 pediatric trios enriched for IPAH and APAH-CHD. RESULTS Seven genes with rare deleterious variants were associated with IPAH with false discovery rate smaller than 0.1: three known genes (BMPR2, GDF2, and TBX4), two recently identified candidate genes (SOX17, KDR), and two new candidate genes (fibulin 2, FBLN2; platelet-derived growth factor D, PDGFD). The new genes were identified based solely on rare deleterious missense variants, a variant type that could not be adequately assessed in either cohort alone. The candidate genes exhibit expression patterns in lung and heart similar to that of known PAH risk genes, and most variants occur in conserved protein domains. For pediatric PAH, predicted deleterious de novo variants exhibited a significant burden compared to the background mutation rate (2.45×, p = 2.5e-5). At least eight novel pediatric candidate genes carrying de novo variants have plausible roles in lung/heart development. CONCLUSIONS Rare variant analysis of a large international consortium identified two new candidate genes-FBLN2 and PDGFD. The new genes have known functions in vasculogenesis and remodeling. Trio analysis predicted that ~ 15% of pediatric IPAH may be explained by de novo variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emilia M Swietlik
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carrie L Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Michael W Pauciulo
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jacob J Hagen
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xueya Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yicheng Guo
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Divya Pandya
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tobias Tilly
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katie A Lutz
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer M Martin
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carmen M Treacy
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erika B Rosenzweig
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Usha Krishnan
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Anna W Coleman
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Allan Lawrie
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Richard C Trembath
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Martin R Wilkins
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Nicholas W Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Addenbrooke's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Gräf
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - William C Nichols
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Room 620, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Welch CL, Austin ED, Chung WK. Genes that drive the pathobiology of pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:614-620. [PMID: 31917901 PMCID: PMC7343584 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Emerging data from studies of pediatric-onset pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) indicate that the genomics of pediatric PAH is different than that of adults. There is a greater genetic burden in children, with rare genetic factors contributing to at least 35% of pediatric-onset idiopathic PAH (IPAH) compared with ~11% of adult-onset IPAH. De novo variants are the most frequent genetic cause of PAH in children, likely contributing to ~15% of all cases. Rare deleterious variants in bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) contribute to pediatric-onset familial PAH and IPAH with similar frequency as adult-onset. While likely gene-disrupting (LGD) variants in BMPR2 contribute across the lifespan, damaging missense variants are more frequent in early-onset PAH. Rare deleterious variants in T-box 4-containing protein (TBX4) are more common in pediatric-compared with adult-onset PAH, explaining ~8% of pediatric IPAH. PAH associated with congenital heart disease (APAH-CHD) and other developmental disorders account for a large proportion of pediatric PAH. SRY-related HMG box transcription factor (SOX17) was recently identified as an APAH-CHD risk gene, contributing less frequently to IPAH, with a greater prevalence of rare deleterious variants in children compared with adults. The differences in genetic burden and genes underlying pediatric- vs adult-onset PAH indicate that genetic information relevant to pediatric PAH cannot be extrapolated from adult studies. Large cohorts of pediatric-onset PAH are necessary to identify the unique etiological differences of PAH in children, as well as the natural history and response to therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Eric D Austin
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease with high mortality despite recent therapeutic advances. The disease is caused by both genetic and environmental factors and likely gene-environment interactions. While PAH can manifest across the lifespan, pediatric-onset disease is particularly challenging because it is frequently associated with a more severe clinical course and comorbidities including lung/heart developmental anomalies. In light of these differences, it is perhaps not surprising that emerging data from genetic studies of pediatric-onset PAH indicate that the genetic basis is different than that of adults. There is a greater genetic burden in children, with rare genetic factors contributing to ~42% of pediatric-onset PAH compared to ~12.5% of adult-onset PAH. De novo variants are frequently associated with PAH in children and contribute to at least 15% of all pediatric cases. The standard of medical care for pediatric PAH patients is based on extrapolations from adult data. However, increased etiologic heterogeneity, poorer prognosis, and increased genetic burden for pediatric-onset PAH calls for a dedicated pediatric research agenda to improve molecular diagnosis and clinical management. A genomics-first approach will improve the understanding of pediatric PAH and how it is related to other rare pediatric genetic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Medicine, Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, 622 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Potus F, Pauciulo MW, Cook EK, Zhu N, Hsieh A, Welch CL, Shen Y, Tian L, Lima P, Mewburn J, D'Arsigny CL, Lutz KA, Coleman AW, Damico R, Snetsinger B, Martin AY, Hassoun PM, Nichols WC, Chung WK, Rauh MJ, Archer SL. Novel Mutations and Decreased Expression of the Epigenetic Regulator TET2 in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Circulation 2020; 141:1986-2000. [PMID: 32192357 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.044320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a lethal vasculopathy. Hereditary cases are associated with germline mutations in BMPR2 and 16 other genes; however, these mutations occur in <25% of patients with idiopathic PAH and are rare in PAH associated with connective tissue diseases. Preclinical studies suggest epigenetic dysregulation, including altered DNA methylation, promotes PAH. Somatic mutations of Tet-methylcytosine-dioxygenase-2 (TET2), a key enzyme in DNA demethylation, occur in cardiovascular disease and are associated with clonal hematopoiesis, inflammation, and adverse vascular remodeling. The role of TET2 in PAH is unknown. METHODS To test for a role of TET2, we used a cohort of 2572 cases from the PAH Biobank. Within this cohort, gene-specific rare variant association tests were performed using 1832 unrelated European patients with PAH and 7509 non-Finnish European subjects from the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) as control subjects. In an independent cohort of 140 patients, we quantified TET2 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. To assess causality, we investigated hemodynamic and histological evidence of PAH in hematopoietic Tet2-knockout mice. RESULTS We observed an increased burden of rare, predicted deleterious germline variants in TET2 in PAH patients of European ancestry (9/1832) compared with control subjects (6/7509; relative risk=6; P=0.00067). Assessing the whole cohort, 0.39% of patients (10/2572) had 12 TET2 mutations (75% predicted germline and 25% somatic). These patients had no mutations in other PAH-related genes. Patients with TET2 mutations were older (71±7 years versus 48±19 years; P<0.0001), were more unresponsive to vasodilator challenge (0/7 versus 140/1055 [13.2%]), had lower pulmonary vascular resistance (5.2±3.1 versus 10.5±7.0 Wood units; P=0.02), and had increased inflammation (including elevation of interleukin-1β). Circulating TET2 expression did not correlate with age and was decreased in >86% of PAH patients. Tet2-knockout mice spontaneously developed PAH, adverse pulmonary vascular remodeling, and inflammation, with elevated levels of cytokines, including interleukin-1β. Long-term therapy with an antibody targeting interleukin-1β blockade resulted in regression of PAH. CONCLUSIONS PAH is the first human disease related to potential TET2 germline mutations. Inherited and acquired abnormalities of TET2 occur in 0.39% of PAH cases. Decreased TET2 expression is ubiquitous and has potential as a PAH biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Potus
- Department of Medicine (F.P., L.T., J.M., C.L.D., B.S., A.Y.M., S.L.A.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael W Pauciulo
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio (M.W.P., K.A.L., A.W.C., W.C.N.)
| | - Elina K Cook
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (E.K.C., M.J.R.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Na Zhu
- Department of Systems Biology (N.Z., A.H., Y.S.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Alexander Hsieh
- Department of Systems Biology (N.Z., A.H., Y.S.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Carrie L Welch
- Department of Pediatrics (C.L.W., W.K.C.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology (N.Z., A.H., Y.S.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Lian Tian
- Department of Medicine (F.P., L.T., J.M., C.L.D., B.S., A.Y.M., S.L.A.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia Lima
- Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine, Department of Medicine (P.L.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Mewburn
- Department of Medicine (F.P., L.T., J.M., C.L.D., B.S., A.Y.M., S.L.A.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine L D'Arsigny
- Department of Medicine (F.P., L.T., J.M., C.L.D., B.S., A.Y.M., S.L.A.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Critical Care (C.L.D.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katie A Lutz
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio (M.W.P., K.A.L., A.W.C., W.C.N.)
| | - Anna W Coleman
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio (M.W.P., K.A.L., A.W.C., W.C.N.)
| | - Rachel Damico
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.D., P.M.H.)
| | - Brooke Snetsinger
- Department of Medicine (F.P., L.T., J.M., C.L.D., B.S., A.Y.M., S.L.A.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ashley Y Martin
- Department of Medicine (F.P., L.T., J.M., C.L.D., B.S., A.Y.M., S.L.A.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul M Hassoun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.D., P.M.H.)
| | - William C Nichols
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio (M.W.P., K.A.L., A.W.C., W.C.N.)
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics (C.L.W., W.K.C.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York.,Department of Medicine (W.K.C.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Michael J Rauh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (E.K.C., M.J.R.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine (F.P., L.T., J.M., C.L.D., B.S., A.Y.M., S.L.A.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhu N, Pauciulo MW, Welch CL, Lutz KA, Coleman AW, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Wang J, Grimes JM, Martin LJ, He H, Shen Y, Chung WK, Nichols WC. Novel risk genes and mechanisms implicated by exome sequencing of 2572 individuals with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Genome Med 2019; 11:69. [PMID: 31727138 PMCID: PMC6857288 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-019-0685-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease with high mortality despite recent therapeutic advances. Pathogenic remodeling of pulmonary arterioles leads to increased pulmonary pressures, right ventricular hypertrophy, and heart failure. Mutations in bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 and other risk genes predispose to disease, but the vast majority of non-familial cases remain genetically undefined. METHODS To identify new risk genes, we performed exome sequencing in a large cohort from the National Biological Sample and Data Repository for PAH (PAH Biobank, n = 2572). We then carried out rare deleterious variant identification followed by case-control gene-based association analyses. To control for population structure, only unrelated European cases (n = 1832) and controls (n = 12,771) were used in association tests. Empirical p values were determined by permutation analyses, and the threshold for significance defined by Bonferroni's correction for multiple testing. RESULTS Tissue kallikrein 1 (KLK1) and gamma glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) were identified as new candidate risk genes for idiopathic PAH (IPAH) with genome-wide significance. We note that variant carriers had later mean age of onset and relatively moderate disease phenotypes compared to bone morphogenetic receptor type 2 variant carriers. We also confirmed the genome-wide association of recently reported growth differentiation factor (GDF2) with IPAH and further implicate T-box 4 (TBX4) with child-onset PAH. CONCLUSIONS We report robust association of novel genes KLK1 and GGCX with IPAH, accounting for ~ 0.4% and 0.9% of PAH Biobank cases, respectively. Both genes play important roles in vascular hemodynamics and inflammation but have not been implicated in PAH previously. These data suggest new genes, pathogenic mechanisms, and therapeutic targets for this lethal vasculopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael W Pauciulo
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Carrie L Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katie A Lutz
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anna W Coleman
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Jiayao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph M Grimes
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hua He
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William C Nichols
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Westerterp M, Fotakis P, Ouimet M, Bochem AE, Zhang H, Molusky MM, Wang W, Abramowicz S, la Bastide-van Gemert S, Wang N, Welch CL, Reilly MP, Stroes ES, Moore KJ, Tall AR. Cholesterol Efflux Pathways Suppress Inflammasome Activation, NETosis, and Atherogenesis. Circulation 2019; 138:898-912. [PMID: 29588315 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.032636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CANTOS trial (Canakinumab Antiinflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study) showed that antagonism of interleukin (IL)-1β reduces coronary heart disease in patients with a previous myocardial infarction and evidence of systemic inflammation, indicating that pathways required for IL-1β secretion increase cardiovascular risk. IL-1β and IL-18 are produced via the NLRP3 inflammasome in myeloid cells in response to cholesterol accumulation, but mechanisms linking NLRP3 inflammasome activation to atherogenesis are unclear. The cholesterol transporters ATP binding cassette A1 and G1 (ABCA1/G1) mediate cholesterol efflux to high-density lipoprotein, and Abca1/g1 deficiency in myeloid cells leads to cholesterol accumulation. METHODS To interrogate mechanisms connecting inflammasome activation with atherogenesis, we used mice with myeloid Abca1/g1 deficiency and concomitant deficiency of the inflammasome components Nlrp3 or Caspase-1/11. Bone marrow from these mice was transplanted into Ldlr-/- recipients, which were fed a Western-type diet. RESULTS Myeloid Abca1/g1 deficiency increased plasma IL-18 levels in Ldlr-/- mice and induced IL-1β and IL-18 secretion in splenocytes, which was reversed by Nlrp3 or Caspase-1/11 deficiency, indicating activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Nlrp3 or Caspase-1/11 deficiency decreased atherosclerotic lesion size in myeloid Abca1/g1-deficient Ldlr-/- mice. Myeloid Abca1/g1 deficiency enhanced caspase-1 cleavage not only in splenic monocytes and macrophages, but also in neutrophils, and dramatically enhanced neutrophil accumulation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation in atherosclerotic plaques, with reversal by Nlrp3 or Caspase-1/11 deficiency, suggesting that inflammasome activation promotes neutrophil recruitment and neutrophil extracellular trap formation in atherosclerotic plaques. These effects appeared to be indirectly mediated by systemic inflammation leading to activation and accumulation of neutrophils in plaques. Myeloid Abca1/g1 deficiency also activated the noncanonical inflammasome, causing increased susceptibility to lipopolysaccharide-induced mortality. Patients with Tangier disease, who carry loss-of-function mutations in ABCA1 and have increased myeloid cholesterol content, showed a marked increase in plasma IL-1β and IL-18 levels. CONCLUSIONS Cholesterol accumulation in myeloid cells activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, which enhances neutrophil accumulation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation in atherosclerotic plaques. Patients with Tangier disease, who have increased myeloid cholesterol content, showed markers of inflammasome activation, suggesting human relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marit Westerterp
- Division of Molecular Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., W.W., S.A., N.W., C.L.W., A.R.T.).,Department of Pediatrics, Section of Molecular Genetics (M.W.)
| | - Panagiotis Fotakis
- Division of Molecular Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., W.W., S.A., N.W., C.L.W., A.R.T.)
| | - Mireille Ouimet
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, New York University Medical Center, NY (M.O., K.J.M.).,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.O.)
| | - Andrea E Bochem
- Division of Molecular Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., W.W., S.A., N.W., C.L.W., A.R.T.).,Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.E.B., E.S.S.)
| | - Hanrui Zhang
- Division of Cardiology (H.Z., M.P.R.), Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Matthew M Molusky
- Division of Molecular Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., W.W., S.A., N.W., C.L.W., A.R.T.)
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Molecular Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., W.W., S.A., N.W., C.L.W., A.R.T.)
| | - Sandra Abramowicz
- Division of Molecular Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., W.W., S.A., N.W., C.L.W., A.R.T.)
| | - Sacha la Bastide-van Gemert
- Department of Epidemiology (S.l.B-v.G.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nan Wang
- Division of Molecular Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., W.W., S.A., N.W., C.L.W., A.R.T.)
| | - Carrie L Welch
- Division of Molecular Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., W.W., S.A., N.W., C.L.W., A.R.T.)
| | - Muredach P Reilly
- Division of Cardiology (H.Z., M.P.R.), Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Erik S Stroes
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.E.B., E.S.S.)
| | - Kathryn J Moore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, New York University Medical Center, NY (M.O., K.J.M.)
| | - Alan R Tall
- Division of Molecular Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., W.W., S.A., N.W., C.L.W., A.R.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhu N, Welch CL, Wang J, Allen PM, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Ma L, King AK, Krishnan U, Rosenzweig EB, Ivy DD, Austin ED, Hamid R, Pauciulo MW, Lutz KA, Nichols WC, Reid JG, Overton JD, Baras A, Dewey FE, Shen Y, Chung WK. Rare variants in SOX17 are associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension with congenital heart disease. Genome Med 2018; 10:56. [PMID: 30029678 PMCID: PMC6054746 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-018-0566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease characterized by distinctive changes in pulmonary arterioles that lead to progressive pulmonary arterial pressures, right-sided heart failure, and a high mortality rate. Up to 30% of adult and 75% of pediatric PAH cases are associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD), and the underlying etiology is largely unknown. There are no known major risk genes for PAH-CHD. METHODS To identify novel genetic causes of PAH-CHD, we performed whole exome sequencing in 256 PAH-CHD patients. We performed a case-control gene-based association test of rare deleterious variants using 7509 gnomAD whole genome sequencing population controls. We then screened a separate cohort of 413 idiopathic and familial PAH patients without CHD for rare deleterious variants in the top association gene. RESULTS We identified SOX17 as a novel candidate risk gene (p = 5.5e-7). SOX17 is highly constrained and encodes a transcription factor involved in Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling during development. We estimate that rare deleterious variants contribute to approximately 3.2% of PAH-CHD cases. The coding variants identified include likely gene-disrupting (LGD) and deleterious missense, with most of the missense variants occurring in a highly conserved HMG-box protein domain. We further observed an enrichment of rare deleterious variants in putative targets of SOX17, many of which are highly expressed in developing heart and pulmonary vasculature. In the cohort of PAH without CHD, rare deleterious variants of SOX17 were observed in 0.7% of cases. CONCLUSIONS These data strongly implicate SOX17 as a new risk gene contributing to PAH-CHD as well as idiopathic/familial PAH. Replication in other PAH cohorts and further characterization of the clinical phenotype will be important to confirm the precise role of SOX17 and better estimate the contribution of genes regulated by SOX17.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Carrie L. Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Jiayao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Philip M. Allen
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | | | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Alejandra K. King
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Usha Krishnan
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Erika B. Rosenzweig
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - D. Dunbar Ivy
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Denver, CO USA
| | - Eric D. Austin
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Rizwan Hamid
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Michael W. Pauciulo
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of CincinnatiCollege of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Katie A. Lutz
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - William C. Nichols
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of CincinnatiCollege of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Jeffrey G. Reid
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - John D. Overton
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Aris Baras
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Frederick E. Dewey
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Westerterp M, Fotakis P, Ouimet M, Bochem AE, Zhang H, Molusky MM, Wang W, Abramowicz S, Wang N, Welch CL, Reilly MP, Stroes ES, Moore KJ, Tall AR. Abstract 43: Cholesterol Efflux Pathways Suppress Inflammasome Activation in Mice and Humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.37.suppl_1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plasma high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) has several anti-atherogenic properties, including its key role in functioning as acceptor for ATP-binding cassette A1 and G1 (ABCA1 and ABCG1) mediated cholesterol efflux. We have shown previously that macrophage
Abca1/g1
deficiency accelerates atherosclerosis, by enhancing foam cell formation and inflammatory cytokine expression in atherosclerotic plaques. Macrophage cholesterol accumulation activates the inflammasome, leading to caspase-1 cleavage, required for IL-1β and IL-18 secretion. Several studies have suggested that inflammasome activation accelerates atherogenesis.
We hypothesized that macrophage
Abca1/g1
deficiency activates the inflammasome. In
Ldlr
-/-
mice fed a Western type diet (WTD), macrophage
Abca1/g1
deficiency increased IL-1β and IL-18 plasma levels (2-fold;
P
<0.001), and induced caspase-1 cleavage. Deficiency of the inflammasome components
Nlrp3
or
caspase-1
in macrophage
Abca1/g1
knockouts reversed the increase in plasma IL-18 levels (
P
<0.001), indicating these changes were inflammasome dependent. We found that macrophage
Abca1/g1
deficiency induced caspase-1 cleavage in splenic CD115
+
monocytes and CD11b
+
macrophages. While mitochondrial ROS production or lysosomal function were not affected, macrophage
Abca1/g1
deficiency led to an increased splenic population of monocytes (2.5-fold;
P
<0.01). Monocytes secrete ATP, and as a result, ATP secretion from total splenic cells was increased (2.5-fold;
P
<0.01), likely contributing to inflammasome activation.
Caspase-1
deficiency decreased atherosclerosis in macrophage
Abca1/g1
deficient
Ldlr
-/-
mice fed WTD for 8 weeks (225822 vs 138606 μm
2
;
P
<0.05). Of therapeutic interest, one injection of reconstituted HDL (100 mg/kg) in macrophage
Abca1/g1
knockouts decreased plasma IL-18 levels (
P
<0.05). Tangier disease patients, with a homozygous loss-of-function for ABCA1, showed increased IL-1β and IL-18 plasma levels (3-fold;
P
<0.001), suggesting that cholesterol efflux pathways also suppress inflammasome activation in humans. These findings suggest that macrophage cholesterol efflux pathways suppress inflammasome activation, possibly contributing to the anti-atherogenic effects of HDL treatment.
Collapse
|
19
|
Westerterp M, Tsuchiya K, Tattersall IW, Fotakis P, Bochem AE, Molusky MM, Ntonga V, Abramowicz S, Parks JS, Welch CL, Kitajewski J, Accili D, Tall AR. Deficiency of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters A1 and G1 in Endothelial Cells Accelerates Atherosclerosis in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1328-37. [PMID: 27199450 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plasma high-density lipoproteins have several putative antiatherogenic effects, including preservation of endothelial functions. This is thought to be mediated, in part, by the ability of high-density lipoproteins to promote cholesterol efflux from endothelial cells (ECs). The ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 and G1 (ABCA1 and ABCG1) interact with high-density lipoproteins to promote cholesterol efflux from ECs. To determine the impact of endothelial cholesterol efflux pathways on atherogenesis, we prepared mice with endothelium-specific knockout of Abca1 and Abcg1. APPROACH AND RESULTS Generation of mice with EC-ABCA1 and ABCG1 deficiency required crossbreeding Abca1(fl/fl)Abcg1(fl/fl)Ldlr(-/-) mice with the Tie2Cre strain, followed by irradiation and transplantation of Abca1(fl/fl)Abcg1(fl/fl) bone marrow to abrogate the effects of macrophage ABCA1 and ABCG1 deficiency induced by Tie2Cre. After 20 to 22 weeks of Western-type diet, both single EC-Abca1 and Abcg1 deficiency increased atherosclerosis in the aortic root and whole aorta. Combined EC-Abca1/g1 deficiency caused a significant further increase in lesion area at both sites. EC-Abca1/g1 deficiency dramatically enhanced macrophage lipid accumulation in the branches of the aorta that are exposed to disturbed blood flow, decreased aortic endothelial NO synthase activity, and increased monocyte infiltration into the atherosclerotic plaque. Abca1/g1 deficiency enhanced lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory gene expression in mouse aortic ECs, which was recapitulated by ABCG1 deficiency in human aortic ECs. CONCLUSIONS These studies provide direct evidence that endothelial cholesterol efflux pathways mediated by ABCA1 and ABCG1 are nonredundant and atheroprotective, reflecting preservation of endothelial NO synthase activity and suppression of endothelial inflammation, especially in regions of disturbed arterial blood flow.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/deficiency
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/deficiency
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/genetics
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/physiopathology
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Cholesterol/metabolism
- Diet, High-Fat
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Knockout
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Receptors, LDL/deficiency
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Regional Blood Flow
- Retinal Neovascularization/genetics
- Retinal Neovascularization/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Tissue Culture Techniques
- Whole-Body Irradiation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marit Westerterp
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.).
| | - Kyoichiro Tsuchiya
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| | - Ian W Tattersall
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| | - Panagiotis Fotakis
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| | - Andrea E Bochem
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| | - Matthew M Molusky
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| | - Vusisizwe Ntonga
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| | - Sandra Abramowicz
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| | - John S Parks
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| | - Carrie L Welch
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| | - Jan Kitajewski
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| | - Domenico Accili
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| | - Alan R Tall
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W., P.F., A.E.B., M.M.M., V.N., S.A., C.L.W., A.R.T.), Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center (K.T., D.A.), and Department of Pathology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology (I.W.T., J.K.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Section on Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (M.W.); Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (K.T.); and Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.S.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang W, Oh S, Koester M, Abramowicz S, Wang N, Tall AR, Welch CL. Enhanced Megakaryopoiesis and Platelet Activity in Hypercholesterolemic, B6-Ldlr-/-, Cdkn2a-Deficient Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 9:213-22. [PMID: 27098250 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.115.001294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies for coronary artery disease/myocardial infarction revealed a 58 kb risk locus on 9p21.3. Refined genetic analyses revealed unique haplotype blocks conferring susceptibility to atherosclerosis per se versus risk for acute complications in the presence of underlying coronary artery disease. The cell proliferation inhibitor locus, CDKN2A, maps just upstream of the myocardial infarction risk block, is at least partly regulated by the noncoding RNA, ANRIL, overlapping the risk block, and has been associated with platelet counts in humans. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that CDKN2A deficiency predisposes to increased platelet production, leading to increased platelet activation in the setting of hypercholesterolemia. METHODS AND RESULTS Platelet production and activation were measured in B6-Ldlr(-/-)Cdkn2a(+/-) mice and a congenic strain carrying the region of homology with the human 9p21.3/CDKN2A locus. The strains exhibit decreased expression of CDKN2A (both p16(INK4a) and p19(ARF)) but not CDKN2B (p15(INK4b)). Compared with B6-Ldlr(-/-) controls, both Cdkn2a-deficient strains exhibited increased platelet counts and bone marrow megakaryopoiesis. The platelet overproduction phenotype was reversed by treatment with cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor, PD0332991/palbociclib, that mimics the endogenous effect of p16(INK4a). Western diet feeding resulted in increased platelet activation, increased thrombin/antithrombin complex, and decreased bleeding times in Cdkn2a-deficient mice compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS Together, the data suggest that one or more Cdkn2a transcripts modulate platelet production and activity in the setting of hypercholesterolemia, amenable to pharmaceutical intervention. Enhanced platelet production and activation may predispose to arterial thrombosis, suggesting an explanation, at least in part, for the association of 9p21.3 and myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Seon Oh
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Mark Koester
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Sandra Abramowicz
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Nan Wang
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Alan R Tall
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Carrie L Welch
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kappus MS, Murphy AJ, Abramowicz S, Ntonga V, Welch CL, Tall AR, Westerterp M. Activation of liver X receptor decreases atherosclerosis in Ldlr⁻/⁻ mice in the absence of ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 and G1 in myeloid cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 34:279-84. [PMID: 24311381 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.302781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Liver X receptor (LXR) activators decrease atherosclerosis in mice. LXR activators (1) directly upregulate genes involved in reverse cholesterol transport and (2) exert anti-inflammatory effects mediated by transrepression of nuclear factor-κB target genes. We investigated whether myeloid cell deficiency of ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 and G1 (ABCA1/G1), principal targets of LXR that promote macrophage cholesterol efflux and initiate reverse cholesterol transport, would abolish the beneficial effects of LXR activation on atherosclerosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS LXR activator T0901317 substantially reduced inflammatory gene expression in macrophages lacking ABCA1/G1. Ldlr(-/-) mice were transplanted with Abca1(-/-)Abcg1(-/-) or wild-type bone marrow (BM) and fed a Western-type diet for 6 weeks with or without T0901317 supplementation. Abca1/g1 BM deficiency increased atherosclerotic lesion complexity and inflammatory cell infiltration into the adventitia and myocardium. T0901317 markedly decreased lesion area, complexity, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the Abca1(-/-)Abcg1(-/-) BM-transplanted mice. To investigate whether this was because of macrophage Abca1/g1 deficiency, Ldlr(-/-) mice were transplanted with LysmCreAbca1(fl/fl)Abcg1(fl/fl) or Abca1(fl/fl)Abcg1(fl/fl) BM and fed Western-type diet with or without the more specific LXR agonist GW3965 for 12 weeks. GW3965 decreased lesion size in both groups, and the decrease was more prominent in the LysmCreAbca1(fl/fl)Abcg1(fl/fl) group. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that anti-inflammatory effects of LXR activators are of key importance to their antiatherosclerotic effects in vivo independent of cholesterol efflux pathways mediated by macrophage ABCA1/G1. This has implications for the development of LXR activators that lack adverse effects on lipogenic genes while maintaining the ability to transrepress inflammatory genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh S Kappus
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (M.S.K., A.J.M., S.A., V.N., C.L.W., A.R.T., M.W.); Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY (M.S.K.); and Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.W.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ishibashi M, Sayers S, D'Armiento JM, Tall AR, Welch CL. TLR3 deficiency protects against collagen degradation and medial destruction in murine atherosclerotic plaques. Atherosclerosis 2013; 229:52-61. [PMID: 23676255 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammatory cell activation plays a key role in atherosclerotic plaque growth and acute complications. While secretion of proteases and inflammatory cytokines are likely involved in the development of plaque instability, the precise mechanistic pathways are not well understood. METHODS AND RESULTS Based on our previous study, we crossed Toll-like receptor 3 (Tlr3)(-/-) mice with a unique BALB-Apoe(-/-)Npc1(-/-) plaque complication-susceptible mouse model, as well as the widely-used B6-Ldlr(-/-) atherosclerosis model, to test the role of TLR3 signaling in the development of plaque instability. TLR3-deficient mice showed no change in aortic root lesion area, but displayed a marked increase in collagen and smooth muscle cell (SMC) content of lesions. Notably, Apoe(-/-)Npc1(-/-)Tlr3(-/-) mice exhibited a 50% reduction in the incidence of medial destruction, a precursor to aortic aneurysm formation. MMP-2 activity was markedly reduced in aortic extracts from Apoe(-/-)Npc1(-/-)Tlr3(-/-) compared to controls, while both MMP-2 and -9 activities were reduced in Ldlr(-/-)Tlr3(-/-) extracts. Consistent with the in vivo data, TLR3 deficiency suppressed MMP-2 activity induced by TNF-α or polyinosine-polycytidylic acid in macrophages from Apoe(-/-)Npc1(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS TLR3 plays a critical role in regulating the degradation of extracellular matrix in lesions, in part by modulation of macrophage MMP-2 and -9 activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minako Ishibashi
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, P&S 8-401, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tsuchiya K, Tanaka J, Shuiqing Y, Welch CL, DePinho RA, Tabas I, Tall AR, Goldberg IJ, Accili D. FoxOs integrate pleiotropic actions of insulin in vascular endothelium to protect mice from atherosclerosis. Cell Metab 2012; 15:372-81. [PMID: 22405072 PMCID: PMC3315846 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in insulin-resistant (type 2) diabetes. Vascular endothelial dysfunction paves the way for atherosclerosis through impaired nitric oxide availability, inflammation, and generation of superoxide. Surprisingly, we show that ablation of the three genes encoding isoforms of transcription factor FoxO in endothelial cells prevents atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice by reversing these subphenotypes. Paradoxically, the atheroprotective effect of FoxO deletion is associated with a marked decrease of insulin-dependent Akt phosphorylation in endothelial cells, owing to reduced FoxO-dependent expression of the insulin receptor adaptor proteins Irs1 and Irs2. These findings support a model in which FoxO is the shared effector of multiple atherogenic pathways in endothelial cells. FoxO ablation lowers the threshold of Akt activity required for protection from atherosclerosis. The data demonstrate that FoxO inhibition in endothelial cells has the potential to mediate wide-ranging therapeutic benefits for diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
The development of population-based genome-wide association studies has led to the rapid identification of large numbers of genetic variants associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and related traits. Together with large-scale gene-centric studies, at least 35 loci associated with CAD per se have been identified with replication. The majority of these associations are with common single-nucleotide polymorphisms exhibiting modest effects on relative risk. The modest nature of the effects, coupled with ethical/practical constraints associated with human sampling, makes it difficult to answer important questions beyond gene/locus localization and allele frequency via human genetic studies. Questions related to gene function, disease-causing mechanism(s), and effective interventions will likely require studies in model organisms. The use of the mouse model for further detailed studies of CAD-associated loci identified by genome-wide association studies is highlighted herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L Welch
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, P&S 8-401, 630 W. 165th St., New York, NY 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kuo CL, Murphy AJ, Sayers S, Li R, Yvan-Charvet L, Davis JZ, Krishnamurthy J, Liu Y, Puig O, Sharpless NE, Tall AR, Welch CL. Cdkn2a is an atherosclerosis modifier locus that regulates monocyte/macrophage proliferation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 31:2483-92. [PMID: 21868699 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.234492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Common genetic variants in a 58-kb region of chromosome 9p21, near the CDKN2A/CDKN2B tumor suppressor locus, are strongly associated with coronary artery disease. However, the underlying mechanism of action remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We previously reported a congenic mouse model harboring an atherosclerosis susceptibility locus and the region of homology with the human 9p21 locus. Microarray and transcript-specific expression analyses showed markedly decreased Cdkn2a expression, including both p16(INK4a) and p19(ARF), but not Cdkn2b (p15(INK4b)), in macrophages derived from congenic mice compared with controls. Atherosclerosis studies in subcongenic strains revealed genetic complexity and narrowed 1 locus to a small interval including Cdkn2a/b. Bone marrow (BM) transplantation studies implicated myeloid lineage cells as the culprit cell type, rather than resident vascular cells. To directly test the role of BM-derived Cdkn2a transcripts in atherogenesis and inflammatory cell proliferation, we performed a transplantation study using Cdkn2a(-/-) cells in the Ldlr(-/-) mouse model. Cdkn2a-deficient BM recipients exhibited accelerated atherosclerosis, increased Ly6C proinflammatory monocytes, and increased monocyte/macrophage proliferation compared with controls. CONCLUSION These data provide a plausible mechanism for accelerated atherogenesis in susceptible congenic mice, involving decreased expression of Cdkn2a and increased proliferation of monocyte/macrophages, with possible relevance to the 9p21 human locus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ling Kuo
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Haeusler RA, Pratt-Hyatt M, Welch CL, Klaassen CD, Accili D. Impaired generation of 12-hydroxylated bile acids links hepatic insulin signaling with dyslipidemia. Cell Metab 2012; 15:65-74. [PMID: 22197325 PMCID: PMC3253887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The association of type 2 diabetes with elevated plasma triglyceride (TG) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and intrahepatic lipid accumulation represents a pathophysiological enigma and an unmet therapeutic challenge. Here, we uncover a link between insulin action through FoxO1, bile acid (BA) composition, and altered lipid homeostasis that brings new insight to this longstanding conundrum. FoxO1 ablation brings about two signature lipid abnormalities of diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, elevated liver and plasma TG. These changes are associated with deficiency of 12α-hydroxylated BAs and their synthetic enzyme, Cyp8b1, that hinders the TG-lowering effects of the BA receptor, Fxr. Accordingly, pharmacological activation of Fxr with GW4064 overcomes the BA imbalance, restoring hepatic and plasma TG levels of FoxO1-deficient mice to normal levels. We propose that generation of 12α-hydroxylated products of BA metabolism represents a signaling mechanism linking hepatic lipid abnormalities with type 2 diabetes, and a treatment target for this condition.
Collapse
|
27
|
Qiang L, Lin HV, Kim-Muller JY, Welch CL, Gu W, Accili D. Proatherogenic abnormalities of lipid metabolism in SirT1 transgenic mice are mediated through Creb deacetylation. Cell Metab 2011; 14:758-67. [PMID: 22078933 PMCID: PMC3237922 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis are associated with reduced insulin sensitivity and diabetes, but the mechanism is unclear. Gain of function of the gene encoding deacetylase SirT1 improves insulin sensitivity and could be expected to protect against lipid abnormalities. Surprisingly, when transgenic mice overexpressing SirT1 (SirBACO) are placed on atherogenic diet, they maintain better glucose homeostasis, but develop worse lipid profiles and larger atherosclerotic lesions than controls. We show that transcription factor cAMP response element binding protein (Creb) is deacetylated in SirBACO mice. We identify Lys136 is a substrate for SirT1-dependent deacetylation that affects Creb activity by preventing its cAMP-dependent phosphorylation, leading to reduced expression of glucogenic genes and promoting hepatic lipid accumulation and secretion. Expression of constitutively acetylated Creb (K136Q) in SirBACO mice mimics Creb activation and abolishes the dyslipidemic and insulin-sensitizing effects of SirT1 gain of function. We propose that SirT1-dependent Creb deacetylation regulates the balance between glucose and lipid metabolism, integrating fasting signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiang
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Westerterp M, Koetsveld J, Yu S, Han S, Li R, Goldberg IJ, Welch CL, Tall AR. Increased atherosclerosis in mice with vascular ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 deficiency--brief report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:2103-5. [PMID: 20705913 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.212985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the role of vascular ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) in atherogenesis without a confounding difference in macrophage ABCG1 expression. ABCG1 is highly expressed in macrophages and endothelial cells. ABCG1 preserves endothelial function by maintaining endothelial NO synthase activity and by reducing adhesion molecule expression and monocyte adhesion. METHODS AND RESULTS To investigate the role of vascular ABCG1 in atherosclerosis in vivo Abcg1(-/-)/Ldlr(-/-) and Ldlr(-/-) mice were transplanted with wild-type bone marrow and fed a Western-type diet for 12 or 23 weeks. The atherosclerotic lesion area was similar in both groups after 12 weeks but was increased in Abcg1(-/-)/Ldlr(-/-) recipients after 23 weeks, especially in the aortic arch (2.2-fold; P<0.01). Endothelial NO synthase-mediated vascular relaxation was impaired in male Abcg1(-/-)/Ldlr(-/-) recipients. CONCLUSIONS Our data show an atheroprotective role of vascular ABCG1, especially in the aortic arch, likely related to its role in the preservation of endothelial NO synthase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marit Westerterp
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ishibashi M, Masson D, Westerterp M, Wang N, Sayers S, Li R, Welch CL, Tall AR. Reduced VLDL clearance in Apoe(-/-)Npc1(-/-) mice is associated with increased Pcsk9 and Idol expression and decreased hepatic LDL-receptor levels. J Lipid Res 2010; 51:2655-63. [PMID: 20562239 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m006163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C1 (NPC1) promotes the transport of LDL receptor (LDL-R)-derived cholesterol from late endosomes/lysosomes to other cellular compartments. NPC1-deficient cells showed impaired regulation of liver_X receptor (LXR) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) target genes. We observed that Apoe(-/-)Npc1(-/-) mice displayed a marked increase in total plasma cholesterol mainly due to increased VLDL, reflecting decreased clearance. Although nuclear SREBP-2 and Ldlr mRNA levels were increased in Apoe(-/-)Npc1(-/-) liver, LDL-R protein levels were decreased in association with marked induction of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (Pcsk9) and inducible degrader of the LDL-R (Idol), both known to promote proteolytic degradation of LDL-R. While Pcsk9 is known to be an SREBP-2 target, marked upregulation of IDOL in Apoe(-/-)Npc1(-/-) liver was unexpected. However, several other LXR target genes also increased in Apoe(-/-)Npc1(-/-) liver, suggesting increased synthesis of endogenous LXR ligands secondary to activation of sterol biosynthesis. In conclusion, we demonstrate that NPC1 deficiency has a major impact on VLDL metabolism in Apoe(-/-) mice through modulation of hepatic LDL-R protein levels. In contrast to modest induction of hepatic IDOL with synthetic LXR ligands, a striking upregulation of IDOL in Apoe(-/-)Npc1(-/-) mice could indicate a role of endogenous LXR ligands in regulation of hepatic IDOL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minako Ishibashi
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yvan-Charvet L, Pagler T, Gautier EL, Avagyan S, Siry RL, Han S, Welch CL, Wang N, Randolph GJ, Snoeck HW, Tall AR. ATP-binding cassette transporters and HDL suppress hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. Science 2010; 328:1689-93. [PMID: 20488992 DOI: 10.1126/science.1189731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 558] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Elevated leukocyte cell numbers (leukocytosis), and monocytes in particular, promote atherosclerosis; however, how they become increased is poorly understood. Mice deficient in the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1, which promote cholesterol efflux from macrophages and suppress atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mice, displayed leukocytosis, a transplantable myeloproliferative disorder, and a dramatic expansion of the stem and progenitor cell population containing Lin(-)Sca-1(+)Kit+ (LSK) in the bone marrow. Transplantation of Abca1(-/-) Abcg1(-/-) bone marrow into apolipoprotein A-1 transgenic mice with elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) suppressed the LSK population, reduced leukocytosis, reversed the myeloproliferative disorder, and accelerated atherosclerosis. The findings indicate that ABCA1, ABCG1, and HDL inhibit the proliferation of hematopoietic stem and multipotential progenitor cells and connect expansion of these populations with leukocytosis and accelerated atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yvan-Charvet L, Pagler TA, Seimon TA, Thorp E, Welch CL, Witztum JL, Tabas I, Tall AR. ABCA1 and ABCG1 protect against oxidative stress-induced macrophage apoptosis during efferocytosis. Circ Res 2010; 106:1861-9. [PMID: 20431058 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.110.217281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Antiatherogenic effects of plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) include the ability to inhibit apoptosis of macrophage foam cells. The ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 have a major role in promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophages to apolipoprotein A-1 and HDL and are upregulated during the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis). OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to determine the roles of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in preserving the viability of macrophages during efferocytosis. METHODS AND RESULTS We show that despite similar clearance of apoptotic cells, peritoneal macrophages from Abca1(-/-)Abcg1(-/-), Abcg1(-/-), and, to a lesser extent, Abca1(-/-) mice are much more prone to apoptosis during efferocytosis compared to wild-type cells. Similar findings were observed following incubations with oxidized phospholipids, and the ability of HDL to protect against oxidized phospholipid-induced apoptosis was markedly reduced in Abca1(-/-)Abcg1(-/-) and Abcg1(-/-) cells. These effects were independent of any role of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in mediating oxidized phospholipid efflux but were reversed by cyclodextrin-mediated cholesterol efflux. The apoptotic response observed in Abca1(-/-)Abcg1(-/-) macrophages after oxidized phospholipid exposure or engulfment of apoptotic cells was dependent on an excessive oxidative burst secondary to enhanced assembly of NADPH oxidase (NOX)2 complexes, leading to sustained Jnk activation which turned on the apoptotic cell death program. Increased NOX2 assembly required Toll-like receptors 2/4 and MyD88 signaling, which are known to be enhanced in transporter deficient cells in a lipid raft-dependent fashion. CONCLUSIONS We identified a new beneficial role of ABCA1, ABCG1 and HDL in dampening the oxidative burst and preserving viability of macrophages following exposure to oxidized phospholipids and/or apoptotic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, 630 W 168th St, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li S, Sun Y, Liang CP, Thorp EB, Han S, Jehle AW, Saraswathi V, Pridgen B, Kanter JE, Li R, Welch CL, Hasty AH, Bornfeldt KE, Breslow JL, Tabas I, Tall AR. Defective phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions of ob/ob mice and reversal by a fish oil diet. Circ Res 2009; 105:1072-82. [PMID: 19834009 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.109.199570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The complications of atherosclerosis are a major cause of death and disability in type 2 diabetes. Defective clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages (efferocytosis) is thought to lead to increased necrotic core formation and inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions. OBJECTIVE To determine whether there is defective efferocytosis in a mouse model of obesity and atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS We quantified efferocytosis in peritoneal macrophages and in atherosclerotic lesions of obese ob/ob or ob/ob;Ldlr(-/-) mice and littermate controls. Peritoneal macrophages from ob/ob and ob/ob;Ldlr(-/-) mice showed impaired efferocytosis, reflecting defective phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation during uptake of apoptotic cells. Membrane lipid composition of ob/ob and ob/ob;Ldlr(-/-) macrophages showed an increased content of saturated fatty acids (FAs) and decreased omega-3 FAs (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) compared to controls. A similar defect in efferocytosis was induced by treating control macrophages with saturated free FA/BSA complexes, whereas the defect in ob/ob macrophages was reversed by treatment with eicosapentaenoic acid/BSA or by feeding ob/ob mice a fish oil diet rich in omega-3 FAs. There was also defective macrophage efferocytosis in atherosclerotic lesions of ob/ob;Ldlr(-/-) mice and this was reversed by a fish oil-rich diet. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that in obesity and type 2 diabetes elevated levels of saturated FAs and/or decreased levels of omega-3 FAs contribute to decreased macrophage efferocytosis. Beneficial effects of fish oil diets in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease may involve improvements in macrophage function related to reversal of defective efferocytosis and could be particularly important in type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzhao Li
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tanaka J, Qiang L, Banks AS, Welch CL, Matsumoto M, Kitamura T, Ido-Kitamura Y, DePinho RA, Accili D. Foxo1 links hyperglycemia to LDL oxidation and endothelial nitric oxide synthase dysfunction in vascular endothelial cells. Diabetes 2009; 58:2344-54. [PMID: 19584310 PMCID: PMC2750207 DOI: 10.2337/db09-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among people with diabetes. Generation of oxidized LDLs and reduced nitric oxide (NO) availability because of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) dysfunction are critical events in atherosclerotic plaque formation. Biochemical mechanism leading from hyperglycemia to oxLDL formation and eNOS dysfunction is unknown. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We show that glucose, acting through oxidative stress, activates the transcription factor Foxo1 in vascular endothelial cells. RESULTS Foxo1 promotes inducible NOS (iNOS)-dependent NO-peroxynitrite generation, which leads in turn to LDL oxidation and eNOS dysfunction. We demonstrate that Foxo1 gain-of-function mimics the effects of hyperglycemia on this process, whereas conditional Foxo1 knockout in vascular endothelial cells prevents it. CONCLUSIONS The findings reveal a hitherto unsuspected role of the endothelial iNOS-NO-peroxynitrite pathway in lipid peroxidation and eNOS dysfunction and suggest that Foxo1 activation in response to hyperglycemia brings about proatherogenic changes in vascular endothelial cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tanaka
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Li Qiang
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Alexander S. Banks
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Carrie L. Welch
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Michihiro Matsumoto
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Tadahiro Kitamura
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yukari Ido-Kitamura
- Metabolic Signal Research Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ronald A. DePinho
- Center for Applied Cancer Science, Departments of Medical Oncology, Medicine and Genetics, and Belfer Institute for Innovative Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Domenico Accili
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
- Corresponding author: Domenico Accili,
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Han S, Liang CP, Westerterp M, Senokuchi T, Welch CL, Wang Q, Matsumoto M, Accili D, Tall AR. Hepatic insulin signaling regulates VLDL secretion and atherogenesis in mice. J Clin Invest 2009; 119:1029-41. [PMID: 19273907 DOI: 10.1172/jci36523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Accepted: 01/14/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is associated with accelerated atherogenesis, which may result from a combination of factors, including dyslipidemia characterized by increased VLDL secretion, and insulin resistance. To assess the hypothesis that both hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance contribute to atherogenesis, we crossed mice deficient for the LDL receptor (Ldlr-/- mice) with mice that express low levels of IR in the liver and lack IR in peripheral tissues (the L1B6 mouse strain). Unexpectedly, compared with Ldlr-/- controls, L1B6Ldlr-/- mice fed a Western diet showed reduced VLDL and LDL levels, reduced atherosclerosis, decreased hepatic AKT signaling, decreased expression of genes associated with lipogenesis, and diminished VLDL apoB and lipid secretion. Adenovirus-mediated hepatic expression of either constitutively active AKT or dominant negative glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) markedly increased VLDL and LDL levels such that they were similar in both Ldlr-/- and L1B6Ldlr-/- mice. Knocking down expression of hepatic IR by adenovirus-mediated shRNA decreased VLDL triglyceride and apoB secretion in Ldlr-/- mice. Furthermore, knocking down hepatic IR expression in either WT or ob/ob mice reduced VLDL secretion but also resulted in decreased hepatic Ldlr protein. These findings suggest a dual action of hepatic IR on lipoprotein levels, in which the ability to increase VLDL apoB and lipid secretion via AKT/GSK is offset by upregulation of Ldlr.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seongah Han
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 630 West 168th St., New York, New York 10032, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sun Y, Ishibashi M, Seimon T, Lee M, Sharma SM, Fitzgerald KA, Samokhin AO, Wang Y, Sayers S, Aikawa M, Jerome WG, Ostrowski MC, Bromme D, Libby P, Tabas IA, Welch CL, Tall AR. Free cholesterol accumulation in macrophage membranes activates Toll-like receptors and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and induces cathepsin K. Circ Res 2009; 104:455-65. [PMID: 19122179 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.108.182568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The molecular events linking lipid accumulation in atherosclerotic plaques to complications such as aneurysm formation and plaque disruption are poorly understood. BALB/c-Apoe(-/-) mice bearing a null mutation in the Npc1 gene display prominent medial erosion and atherothrombosis, whereas their macrophages accumulate free cholesterol in late endosomes and show increased cathepsin K (Ctsk) expression. We now show increased cathepsin K immunostaining and increased cysteinyl proteinase activity using near infrared fluorescence imaging over proximal aortas of Apoe(-/-), Npc1(-/-) mice. In mechanistic studies, cholesterol loading of macrophage plasma membranes (cyclodextrin-cholesterol) or endosomal system (AcLDL+U18666A or Npc1 null mutation) activated Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, leading to sustained phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and induction of p38 targets, including Ctsk, S100a8, Mmp8, and Mmp14. Studies in macrophages from knockout mice showed major roles for TLR4, following plasma membrane cholesterol loading, and for TLR3, after late endosomal loading. TLR signaling via p38 led to phosphorylation and activation of the transcription factor Microphthalmia transcription factor, acting at E-box elements in the Ctsk promoter. These studies suggest that free cholesterol enrichment of either plasma or endosomal membranes in macrophages leads to activation of signaling via various TLRs, prolonged p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, and induction of Mmps, Ctsk, and S100a8, potentially contributing to plaque complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Terasaka N, Yu S, Yvan-Charvet L, Wang N, Mzhavia N, Langlois R, Pagler T, Li R, Welch CL, Goldberg IJ, Tall AR. ABCG1 and HDL protect against endothelial dysfunction in mice fed a high-cholesterol diet. J Clin Invest 2008; 118:3701-13. [PMID: 18924609 DOI: 10.1172/jci35470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2008] [Accepted: 09/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma HDL levels are inversely related to the incidence of atherosclerotic disease. Some of the atheroprotective effects of HDL are likely mediated via preservation of EC function. Whether the beneficial effects of HDL on ECs depend on its involvement in cholesterol efflux via the ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1, which promote efflux of cholesterol and oxysterols from macrophages, has not been investigated. To address this, we assessed endothelial function in Abca1(-/-), Abcg1(-/-), and Abca1(-/-)Abcg1(-/-) mice fed either a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) or a Western diet (WTD). Non-atherosclerotic arteries from WTD-fed Abcg1(-/-) and Abca1(-/-)Abcg1(-/-) mice exhibited a marked decrease in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, while Abca1(-/-) mice had a milder defect. In addition, eNOS activity was reduced in aortic homogenates generated from Abcg1(-/-) mice fed either a HCD or a WTD, and this correlated with decreased levels of the active dimeric form of eNOS. More detailed analysis indicated that ABCG1 was expressed primarily in ECs, and that these cells accumulated the oxysterol 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC) when Abcg1(-/-) mice were fed a WTD. Consistent with these data, ABCG1 had a major role in promoting efflux of cholesterol and 7-KC in cultured human aortic ECs (HAECs). Furthermore, HDL treatment of HAECs prevented 7-KC-induced ROS production and active eNOS dimer disruption in an ABCG1-dependent manner. Our data suggest that ABCG1 and HDL maintain EC function in HCD-fed mice by promoting efflux of cholesterol and 7-oxysterols and preserving active eNOS dimer levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Terasaka
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Seidelmann SB, Kuo C, Pleskac N, Molina J, Sayers S, Li R, Zhou J, Johnson P, Braun K, Chan C, Teupser D, Breslow JL, Wight TN, Tall AR, Welch CL. Athsq1 is an atherosclerosis modifier locus with dramatic effects on lesion area and prominent accumulation of versican. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 28:2180-6. [PMID: 18818413 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.108.176800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Susceptibility to atherosclerosis is genetically complex, and modifier genes that do not operate via traditional risk factors are largely unknown. A mouse genetics approach can simplify the genetic analysis and provide tools for mechanistic studies. METHODS AND RESULTS We previously identified atherosclerosis susceptibility QTL (Athsq1) on chromosome 4 acting independently of systemic risk factors. We now report confirmation of this locus in congenic strains carrying the MOLF-derived susceptibility allele in the C57BL/6J-Ldlr(-/-) genetic background. Homozygous congenic mice exhibited up to 4.5-fold greater lesion area compared to noncongenic littermates (P<0.0001). Analysis of extracellular matrix composition revealed prominent accumulation of versican, a presumed proatherogenic matrix component abundant in human lesions but almost absent in the widely-used C57BL/6 murine atherosclerosis model. The results of a bone marrow transplantation experiment suggested that both accelerated lesion development and versican accumulation are mediated, at least in part, by macrophages. Interestingly, comparative mapping revealed that the Athsq1 congenic interval contains the mouse region homologous to a widely-replicated CHD locus on human chromosome 9p21. CONCLUSIONS These studies confirm the proatherogenic activity of a novel gene(s) in the MOLF-derived Athsq1 locus and provide in vivo evidence for a causative role of versican in lesion development.
Collapse
|
38
|
Han S, Liang CP, DeVries-Seimon T, Ranalletta M, Welch CL, Collins-Fletcher K, Accili D, Tabas I, Tall AR. Macrophage insulin receptor deficiency increases ER stress-induced apoptosis and necrotic core formation in advanced atherosclerotic lesions. Cell Metab 2006; 3:257-66. [PMID: 16581003 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2006.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2005] [Revised: 12/27/2005] [Accepted: 02/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance in diabetes and metabolic syndrome is thought to increase susceptibility to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. To evaluate the possibility that decreased insulin signaling in macrophage foam cells might worsen atherosclerosis, Ldlr(-/-) mice were transplanted with insulin receptor Insr(+/+) or Insr(-/-) bone marrow. Western diet-fed Insr(-/-) recipients developed larger, more complex lesions with increased necrotic cores and increased numbers of apoptotic cells. Insr(-/-) macrophages showed diminished Akt phosphorylation and an augmented ER stress response, leading to induction of scavenger receptor A and increased apoptosis when challenged with cholesterol loading or nutrient deprivation. These studies suggest that defective insulin signaling and reduced Akt activity impair the ability of macrophages to deal with ER stress-induced apoptosis within atherosclerotic plaques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seongah Han
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Seidelmann SB, De Luca C, Leibel RL, Breslow JL, Tall AR, Welch CL. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genetic modifiers of metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice: identification of a locus for metabolic syndrome and increased atherosclerosis on chromosome 4. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 25:204-10. [PMID: 15514201 PMCID: PMC4027971 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000149146.32385.1b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine genetic factors responsible for metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis in a setting of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor deficiency in a cross between C57BL/6J (B6) and PERA/Ei (PERA) inbred mouse strains. METHODS AND RESULTS Comparison of metabolic phenotypes in B6 and PERA strains revealed the PERA genetic background to be dramatically more susceptible to hyperleptinemia, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated insulin levels, and body fat increase than the B6 background. To facilitate genetic analysis, metabolic syndrome-related traits and atherosclerotic lesion area were measured in 167 [(PERAxB6.129S7-Ldlr(tm1Her))xB6.129S7-Ldlr(tm1Her)]N2 male and female backcross mice that were homozygous for the Ldlr null allele. Quantitative trait locus analysis was performed using 153 polymorphic microsatellite markers spanning the genome. On chromosome 4, we identified a locus influencing plasma triglyceride, insulin, and leptin concentrations, body weight, and atherosclerosis. Several other genetic loci were identified with separate effects on plasma insulin, body weight, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS The PERA strain is highly susceptible to the development of metabolic syndrome after feeding a Western-type diet. This susceptibility is due, in part, to a locus on murine chromosome 4 in which PERA alleles predispose to adiposity, increased insulin, and accelerated atherogenesis in the absence of marked hyperlipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bretschger Seidelmann
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University New York, NY 10032
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University New York, NY 10032
| | - Carl De Luca
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University New York, NY 10032
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University New York, NY 10032
| | - Rudolph L. Leibel
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University New York, NY 10032
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University New York, NY 10032
| | - Jan L. Breslow
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021
| | - Alan R. Tall
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University New York, NY 10032
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University New York, NY 10032
| | - Carrie L. Welch
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University New York, NY 10032
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Welch CL, Bretschger S, Wen PZ, Mehrabian M, Latib N, Fruchart-Najib J, Fruchart JC, Myrick C, Lusis AJ. Novel QTLs for HDL levels identified in mice by controlling for Apoa2 allelic effects: confirmation of a chromosome 6 locus in a congenic strain. Physiol Genomics 2004; 17:48-59. [PMID: 14722362 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00124.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex disease resulting from the interaction of multiple genes, including those causing dyslipidemia. Relatively few of the causative genes have been identified. Previously, we identified Apoa2 as a major determinant of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the mouse model. To identify additional HDL-C level quantitative trait loci (QTLs), while controlling for the effect of the Apoa2 locus, we performed linkage analysis in 179 standard diet-fed F(2) mice derived from strains BALB/cJ and B6.C-H25(c) (a congenic strain carrying the BALB/c Apoa2 allele). Three significant QTLs and one suggestive locus were identified. A female-specific locus mapping to chromosome 6 (Chr 6) also exhibited effects on plasma non-HDL-C, apolipoprotein AII (apoAII), apoB, and apoE levels. A Chr 6 QTL was independently isolated in a related congenic strain (C57BL/6J vs. B6.NODc6: P = 0.003 and P = 0.0001 for HDL-C and non-HDL-C levels, respectively). These data are consistent with polygenic inheritance of HDL-C levels in the mouse model and provide candidate loci for HDL-C and non-HDL-C level determination in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L Welch
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Welch CL, Bretschger S, Latib N, Bezouevski M, Guo Y, Pleskac N, Liang CP, Barlow C, Dansky H, Breslow JL, Tall AR. Localization of atherosclerosis susceptibility loci to chromosomes 4 and 6 using the Ldlr knockout mouse model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:7946-51. [PMID: 11438740 PMCID: PMC35448 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.141239098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex disease resulting from the interaction of multiple genes. We have used the Ldlr knockout mouse model in an interspecific genetic cross to map atherosclerosis susceptibility loci. A total of 174 (MOLF/Ei x B6.129S7-Ldlr(tm1Her)) x C57BL/6J-Ldlr(tm1Her) backcross mice, homozygous for the Ldlr null allele, were fed a Western-type diet for 3 months and then killed for quantification of aortic lesions. A genome scan was carried out by using DNA pools and microsatellite markers spaced at approximately 18-centimorgan intervals. Quantitative trait locus analysis of individual backcross mice confirmed linkages to chromosomes 4 (Athsq1, logarithm of odds = 6.2) and 6 (Athsq2, logarithm of odds = 6.7). Athsq1 affected lesions in females only whereas Athsq2 affected both sexes. Among females, the loci accounted for approximately 50% of the total variance of lesion area. The susceptible allele at Athsq1 was derived from the MOLF/Ei genome whereas the susceptible allele at Athsq2 was derived from C57BL/6J. Inheritance of susceptible alleles at both loci conferred a 2-fold difference in lesion area, suggesting an additive effect of Athsq1 and Athsq2. No associations were observed between the quantitative trait loci and levels of plasma total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, or body weight. We provide strong evidence for complex inheritance of atherosclerosis in mice with elevated plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol and show a major influence of nonlipoprotein-related factors on disease susceptibility. Athsq1 and Athsq2 represent candidate susceptibility loci for human atherosclerosis, most likely residing on chromosomes 1p36--32 and 12p13--12, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C L Welch
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Meiner VL, Welch CL, Cases S, Myers HM, Sande E, Lusis AJ, Farese RV. Adrenocortical lipid depletion gene (ald) in AKR mice is associated with an acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) mutation. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:1064-9. [PMID: 9422770 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.2.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ald, a recessive allele in AKR inbred mice, is responsible for complete adrenocortical lipid depletion in postpubertal males, which appears to be androgen dependent. Two recent observations (adrenocortical lipid depletion in acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-deficient (Acact-/-) mice and the mapping of Acact to a region of chromosome 1 containing the ald locus) prompted us to ask whether adrenocortical lipid depletion in AKR mice results from an Acact mutation. Refined genetic mapping of Acact and ald was consistent with colocalization of these loci. Crossing Acact-/- with AKR (ald/ald) mice yielded postpubertal male offspring characterized by adrenocortical lipid depletion, indicating that these loci are not complementational and are therefore allelic. Immunoblotting of preputial gland homogenates demonstrated that AKR mice had an ACAT protein with a lower molecular mass than other mouse strains. Analysis of Acact cDNA from AKR mice revealed a deletion of the first coding exon and two missense mutations. Despite these coding sequence differences, the ACAT protein from the ald allele catalyzed cholesterol esterification activity at levels similar to that of wild-type protein. We speculate that the adrenocortical lipid depletion resulting from the ald mutation is caused by an altered susceptibility of the mutant protein to modifying factors, such as androgen production at puberty, in an as yet undetermined manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V L Meiner
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco, California 94141-9100, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Affiliation(s)
- C L Welch
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Welch CL, Xia YR, Gu LJ, Machleder D, Mehrabian M, Wen PZ, Webb N, de Villiers WJ, van der Westhuyzen D, Lusis AJ. Srb1 maps to mouse chromosome 5 in a region harboring putative QTLs for plasma lipoprotein levels. Mamm Genome 1997; 8:942-4. [PMID: 9383292 DOI: 10.1007/s003359900643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C L Welch
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Welch CL, Xia YR, Hong H, Stallcup MR, Lusis AJ. Localization of the mouse glucocorticoid receptor-interacting protein 1 gene (Grip1) to proximal chromosome 1 by linkage analysis. Mamm Genome 1997; 8:620-1. [PMID: 9250876 DOI: 10.1007/s003359900519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C L Welch
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Affiliation(s)
- C L Welch
- Department of Medicine, 47-123 Center for the Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1679, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xia Y, Welch CL, Warden CH, Lange E, Fukao T, Lusis AJ, Gatti RA. Assignment of the mouse ataxia-telangiectasia gene (Atm) to mouse chromosome 9. Mamm Genome 1996; 7:554-5. [PMID: 8672141 DOI: 10.1007/s003359900165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Xia
- Department of Medicine, 47-123 Center for the Health Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1679, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Welch CL, Xia YR, Shechter I, Farese R, Mehrabian M, Mehdizadeh S, Warden CH, Lusis AJ. Genetic regulation of cholesterol homeostasis: chromosomal organization of candidate genes. J Lipid Res 1996; 37:1406-21. [PMID: 8827514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As part of an effort to dissect the genetic factors involved in cholesterol homeostasis in the mouse model, we report the mapping of 12 new candidate genes using linkage analysis. The genes include: cytoplasmic HMG-CoA synthase (Hmgcs 1, Chr 13), mitochondrial synthase (Hmgcs 2, Chr 3), a synthase-related sequence (Hmgcs 1-rs, Chr 12), mevalonate kinase (Mvk, Chr 5), farnesyl diphosphate synthase (Fdps, Chr 3), squalene synthase (Fdft 1, Chr 14), acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (Acact, Chr 1), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (Srebf1, Chr 8) and -2 (Srebf2, Chr 15), apolipoprotein A-I regulatory protein (Tcfcoup2, Chr 7), low density receptor-related protein-related sequence (Lrp-rs, Chr 10), and Lrp-associated protein (Lrpap 1, Chr 5). In addition, the map positions for several lipoprotein receptor genes were refined. These genes include: low density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr, Chr 9), very low density lipoprotein receptor (Vldlr, Chr 19), and glycoprotein 330 (Gp330, Chr 2). Some of these candidate genes are located within previously defined chromosomal regions (quantitative trait loci, QTLs) contributing to plasma lipoprotein levels, and Acact maps near a mouse mutation, ald, resulting in depletion of cholesteryl esters in the adrenals. The combined use of QTL and candidate gene mapping provides a powerful means of dissecting complex traits such as cholesterol homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C L Welch
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Qiao JH, Welch CL, Xie PZ, Fishbein MC, Lusis AJ. Involvement of the tyrosinase gene in the deposition of cardiac lipofuscin in mice. Association with aortic fatty streak development. J Clin Invest 1993; 92:2386-93. [PMID: 8227355 PMCID: PMC288421 DOI: 10.1172/jci116844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipofuscin pigment, a terminal oxidation product, accumulates within cells during the normal aging process and under certain pathological conditions. We have analyzed a genetic cross between two inbred mouse strains, BALB/cJ and a subline of C57BL/6J, which differ in lipofuscin deposition. A comparison of the segregation pattern of cardiac lipofuscin with the albino locus (c) on mouse chromosome 7 revealed complete concordance. Analysis of spontaneous mutants of the tyrosinase gene, encoded by the albino locus, confirmed that the tyrosinase gene itself controls lipofuscin formation. Genetic analysis of other strains indicated that one or more additional genes cab contribute to the inheritance of lipofuscin. We also present evidence for an association between cardiac lipofuscin deposition and aortic fatty streak development in the mouse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Qiao
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90024
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
|