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Schaefer G, Jacobs C, Sagheb K, Al-Nawas B, Rahimi-Nedjat RK. Changes in the quality of life in patients undergoing orthognathic therapy - A systematic review. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2024; 52:71-76. [PMID: 38129187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of orthognathic therapy on patients' quality of life. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted including all prospective studies that compared pretherapeutic and posttherapeutic Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) or Overall Quality of Life (OQOL) questionnaire scores. Studies in patients with congenital deformities, clefts, or posttraumatic or cancer-associated deformities were excluded. Overall, 23 prospective studies were included; 8 used OHIP, 9 used OQOL and 6 used both questionnaires. A total of 1039 patients were identified (60.29% women, 39.71% men), with a mean age of 45.17 years. All analyzed studies showed in both OHIP and OQLQ an improvement of the quality of life in patients after orthognathic therapy. While improved scores could be observed in all investigated criteria, the studies demonstrated that social and aesthetic aspects showed the most prominent impact. Comparison of different Angle Classes showed, furthermore, that Class III patients had an even greater advantage over those with a Class II deformity. The review confirms that the quality of life in patients with orthognathic therapy improves significantly in all observed aspects. With regard to Angle Classes, Class III patients showed an even greater improvement than Class II patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Schaefer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - C Jacobs
- Policlinic for Orthodontics, University Medical Center Jena, Germany
| | - K Sagheb
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - B Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - R K Rahimi-Nedjat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Chaya S, Vanker A, Brittain K, MacGinty R, Jacobs C, Hantos Z, Zar HJ, Gray DM. The impact of antenatal and postnatal indoor air pollution or tobacco smoke exposure on lung function at 3 years in an African birth cohort. Respirology 2023; 28:1154-1165. [PMID: 37587874 PMCID: PMC10947154 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Indoor air pollution (IAP) and tobacco smoke exposure (ETS) are global health concerns contributing to the burden of childhood respiratory disease. Studies assessing the effects of IAP and ETS in preschool children are limited. We assessed the impact of antenatal and postnatal IAP and ETS exposure on lung function in a South African birth cohort, the Drakenstein Child Health Study. METHODS Antenatally enrolled mother-child pairs were followed from birth. Lung function measurements (oscillometry, multiple breath washout and tidal breathing) were performed at 6 weeks and 3 years. Quantitative antenatal and postnatal IAP (particulate matter [PM10 ], volatile organic compounds [VOC]) and ETS exposures were measured. Linear regression models explored the effects of antenatal and postnatal exposures on lung function at 3 years. RESULTS Five hundred eighty-four children had successful lung function testing, mean (SD) age of 37.3 (0.7) months. Exposure to antenatal PM10 was associated with a decreased lung clearance index (p < 0.01) and postnatally an increase in the difference between resistance at end expiration (ReE) and inspiration (p = 0.05) and decrease in tidal volume (p = 0.06). Exposure to antenatal VOC was associated with an increase in functional residual capacity (p = 0.04) and a decrease in time of expiration over total breath time (tE /tTOT ) (p = 0.03) and postnatally an increase in respiratory rate (p = 0.05). High ETS exposure postnatally was associated with an increase in ReE (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Antenatal and postnatal IAP and ETS exposures were associated with impairment in lung function at 3 years. Strengthened efforts to reduce IAP and ETS exposure are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Chaya
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA‐MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - A. Vanker
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA‐MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - K. Brittain
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA‐MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - R. MacGinty
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA‐MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - C. Jacobs
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA‐MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Z. Hantos
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive TherapySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - H. J. Zar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA‐MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - D. M. Gray
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA‐MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent HealthUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
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Robinson M, Muirhead R, McGowan DR, Chu KY, Jacobs C, Hawkins MA. Differential Response of Pelvic Bone Marrow Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in Patients Receiving Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2023; 35:e622-e627. [PMID: 37339923 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Irradiation of pelvic bone marrow (PBM) at the level of the typical low dose bath of intensity-modulated radiotherapy delivery (10-20 Gy) is associated with an increased risk of haematological toxicity, particularly when combined with concurrent chemotherapy. Although sparing of the whole of the PBM at a 10-20 Gy dose level is unachievable, it is known that PBM is divided into haematopoietically active and inactive regions that are identifiable based on the threshold uptake of [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) seen on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT). In published studies to date, the definition of active PBM widely used is that of a standardised uptake value (SUV) greater than the mean SUV of the whole PBM prior to the start of chemoradiation. These studies include those looking at developing an atlas-based approach to contouring active PBM. Using baseline and mid-treatment FDG PET scans acquired as part of a prospective clinical trial we sought to determine the suitability of the current definition of active bone marrow as representative of differential underlying cell physiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Active and inactive PBM were contoured on baseline PET-CT and using deformable registration mapped onto mid-treatment PET-CT. Volumes were cropped to exclude definitive bone, voxel SUV extracted and the change between scans calculated. Change was compared using Mann-Whitney U testing. RESULTS Active and inactive PBM were shown to respond differentially to concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The median absolute response of active PBM for all patients was -0.25 g/ml, whereas the median inactive PBM response was -0.02 g/ml. Significantly, the inactive PBM median absolute response was shown to be near zero with a relatively unskewed distribution (0.12). CONCLUSIONS These results would support the definition of active PBM as FDG uptake greater than the mean of the whole structure as being representative of underlying cell physiology. This work would support the development of atlas-based approaches published in the literature to contour active PBM based on the current definition as being suitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Robinson
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - R Muirhead
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - D R McGowan
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - K-Y Chu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - M A Hawkins
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
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Nicolielo Barreto M, Jacobs C, Souza R, Erberelli R, Alegretti J, Chehin M, Motta E, Nogueira M, Rocha J, Lorenzon A. O-173 Artificial intelligence blastocyst ploidy distinction through morphokinetics data. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac105.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Is it possible to estimate blastocyst ploidy with an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm built using embryo morphokinetics data?
Summary answer
AI was able to estimate blastocysts status in euploid or aneuploid with an accuracy of 0.99 (training) and 0.71 and 0.70 AUC (blind-test), respectively.
What is known already
Morphokinetic parameters are well associated with implantation rates, thus ensuring time-lapse as a useful tool to enhance embryo ranking and selection. However, regarding embryo ploidy status, clinics still rely exclusively on molecular/genetic testing. Our previous studies has indicated that euploid blastocysts are faster at time of pronucleous fading (tPNf) and time to blastulation (tB). Considering the amount of data derived from the morphokinetic annotations and the promising results that AI approach is bringing to the field, this study aims to verify AI accuracy to distinguish euploid and aneuploidy blastocysts using 17 morphokinetics parameters and prospectively compared to embryo biopsy results.
Study design, size, duration
This is a prospective cohort study including 402 embryos (cultured in a time-lapse incubator, EmbryoscopePlus, Vitrolife) from 140 patients undergoing IVF treatment with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (NGS platform) after inform consent form signature between July 2019 and September 2021. Morphokinetics annotations were analyzed by AI in an association of the technique of artificial neural networks (ANN) and genetic algorithms (GA) for ploidy assessment.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Morphokinetic parameters were manually annotated up to full-expanded blastocyst time. Time intervals and time ratios were calculated, resulting in 17 variables for the IA analysis. Of the 402 embryos data, 252 were randomly divided into training, validating and testing (70%, 15% and 15%, respectively) of the ANN. The remaining 150 data were used for the blind test. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve was measured to obtain predictive power.
Main results and the role of chance
From 402 blastocysts biopsied, 185 were euploid and 217 aneuploid. The AI algorithm was trained with 176 embryos (AUC for both euploid and aneuploid= 0.99), tested with 38 embryos (AUC for euploid=0.62 and aneuploid=0.61), validated with 38 embryos (AUC for euploid=0.82 and aneuploid=0.83). For the blind-test 150 embryos were used (AUC for euploid=0.70 and aneuploid=0.71). Blind-test database was checked only after AI algorithm was tested.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The development of this AI algorithm was built from a single IVF center database. The absence of an extent dataset for the blind-test does not allow us to transpose this algorithm for clinical use at this moment.
Wider implications of the findings
The use of artificial intelligence for embryo assessment is a promising tool in IVF laboratories. In our model, using only morphokinetics, a considerable predictive power to evaluate euploid (0.71 AUC) and aneuploid (0.70 AUC) embryos was achieved, indicating a potential use as a non-invasive approach for embryo ranking and selection.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nicolielo Barreto
- Huntington Medicina Reprodutiva - Eugin Group, Embryology Department , São Paulo- SP, Brazil
| | - C Jacobs
- Huntington Medicina Reprodutiva - Eugin Group, Embryology Department , São Paulo- SP, Brazil
| | - R.C.M Souza
- Institute of Biosciences- São Paulo State University, Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Biotechnology -, Botucatu- SP, Brazil
| | - R Erberelli
- Huntington Medicina Reprodutiva - Eugin Group, Embryology Department , São Paulo- SP, Brazil
| | - J.R Alegretti
- Huntington Medicina Reprodutiva - Eugin Group, Embryology Department , São Paulo- SP, Brazil
| | - M.B Chehin
- Huntington Medicina Reprodutiva - Eugin Group, Clinical Department , São Paulo- SP, Brazil
| | - E.L.A Motta
- Huntington Medicina Reprodutiva - Eugin Group and Federal University of São Paulo, Clinical Department and Department of Gynecology- Paulista School of Medicine , São Paulo- SP, Brazil
| | - M.F.G Nogueira
- School of Sciences and Languages- São Paulo State University, Department of Biological Sciences , Assis- SP, Brazil
| | - J.C Rocha
- School of Sciences and Languages- São Paulo State University, Department of Biological Sciences , Assis- SP, Brazil
| | - A.R Lorenzon
- Huntington Medicina Reprodutiva - Eugin Group, R&D Department , São Paulo- SP, Brazil
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Figueiredo DM, Vermeulen RCH, Jacobs C, Holterman HJ, van de Zande JC, van den Berg F, Gooijer YM, Lageschaar L, Buijtenhuijs D, Krop E, Huss A, Duyzer J. OBOMod - Integrated modelling framework for residents' exposure to pesticides. Sci Total Environ 2022; 825:153798. [PMID: 35151737 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticides can be transported from the site of application to homes via different routes and lead to exposure of residents, raising concerns regarding health effects. We built a deterministic model framework (OBOmod) to assess exposure of residents living near fields where pesticides are applied. METHODS OBOmod connects five independent models operating on an hourly timescale and high spatial resolution (meters). Models include descriptions of spray drift, volatilization, atmospheric transport and dispersion, exchange between outdoor and indoor air and exchange between indoor air and dust. Fourteen bulb field applications under different weather conditions and comprising 12 pesticides were simulated. Each simulation included the first seven days after the application. The concentrations computed with OBOmod were compared with those measured in outdoor and indoor air and the amounts measured in indoor dust samples. RESULTS Model evaluation indicated suitability of the developed framework to estimate outdoor and indoor air concentrations. For most pesticides, model accuracy was good. The framework explained about 30% to 95% of the temporal and spatial variability of air concentrations. For 20% of the simulations, the framework explained more than 35% of spatial variability of concentrations in dust. In general, OBOmod estimates remained within one order of magnitude from measured levels. Calculations showed that in addition to spray drift during application, volatilization from the field after spraying and pesticides in house dust are important routes for residents' exposure to pesticides. CONCLUSIONS Our framework covers many processes needed to calculate exposure of residents to pesticides. The evaluation phase shows that, with the exception of the dust model, the framework can be used in support of health and epidemiological studies, and can serve as a tool to support development of regulations and policy making regarding pesticide use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Figueiredo
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Roel C H Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Centre for Public Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cor Jacobs
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henk Jan Holterman
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan C van de Zande
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frederik van den Berg
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne M Gooijer
- CLM Onderzoek en Advies BV, P.O. Box 62, 4100 AB Culemborg, the Netherlands
| | - Luuk Lageschaar
- CLM Onderzoek en Advies BV, P.O. Box 62, 4100 AB Culemborg, the Netherlands
| | - Daan Buijtenhuijs
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Esmeralda Krop
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Duyzer
- TNO Circular Economy and the Environment, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Reisel D, Burnell M, Side L, Loggenberg K, Gessler S, Desai R, Sanderson S, Brady AF, Dorkins H, Wallis Y, Jacobs C, Legood R, Beller U, Tomlinson I, Wardle J, Menon U, Jacobs I, Manchanda R. Jewish cultural and religious factors and uptake of population-based BRCA testing across denominations: a cohort study. BJOG 2021; 129:959-968. [PMID: 34758513 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of Jewish cultural and religious identity and denominational affiliation with interest in, intention to undertake and uptake of population-based BRCA (Breast Cancer Gene)-testing. DESIGN Cohort-study set within recruitment to GCaPPS-trial (ISRCTN73338115). SETTING London Ashkenazi-Jewish (AJ) population. POPULATION OR SAMPLE AJ men and women, >18 years. METHODS Participants were self-referred, and attended recruitment clinics (clusters) for pre-test counselling. Subsequently consenting individuals underwent BRCA testing. Participants self-identified to one Jewish denomination: Conservative/Liberal/Reform/Traditional/Orthodox/Unaffiliated. Validated scales measured Jewish Cultural-Identity (JI) and Jewish Religious-identity (JR). Four-item Likert-scales analysed initial 'interest' and 'intention to test' pre-counselling. Item-Response-Theory and graded-response models, modelled responses to JI and JR scales. Ordered/multinomial logistic regression modelling evaluated association of JI-scale, JR-scale and Jewish Denominational affiliation on interest, intention and uptake of BRCA testing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Interest, intention, uptake of BRCA testing. RESULTS In all, 935 AJ women/men of mean age = 53.8 (S.D = 15.02) years, received pre-test education and counselling through 256 recruitment clinic clusters (median cluster size = 3). Denominational affiliations included Conservative/Masorti = 91 (10.2%); Liberal = 82 (9.2%), Reform = 135 (15.1%), Traditional = 212 (23.7%), Orthodox = 239 (26.7%); and Unaffiliated/Non-practising = 135 (15.1%). Overall BRCA testing uptake was 88%. Pre-counselling, 96% expressed interest and 60% intention to test. JI and JR scores were highest for Orthodox, followed by Conservative/Masorti, Traditional, Reform, Liberal and Unaffiliated Jewish denominations. Regression modelling showed no significant association between overall Jewish Cultural or Religious Identity with either interest, intention or uptake of BRCA testing. Interest, intention and uptake of BRCA testing was not significantly associated with denominational affiliation. CONCLUSIONS Jewish religious/cultural identity and denominational affiliation do not appear to influence interest, intention or uptake of population-based BRCA testing. BRCA testing was robust across all Jewish denominations. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Jewish cultural/religious factors do not affect BRCA testing, with robust uptake seen across all denominational affiliations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Reisel
- Institute for Women's Health, University College, London, UK
| | - M Burnell
- Institute for Women's Health, University College, London, UK
| | - L Side
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - K Loggenberg
- Institute for Women's Health, University College, London, UK
| | - S Gessler
- Institute for Women's Health, University College, London, UK
| | - R Desai
- Institute for Women's Health, University College, London, UK
| | - S Sanderson
- Behavioral Sciences Unit, Dept Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A F Brady
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
| | - H Dorkins
- St Peter's College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Y Wallis
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - C Jacobs
- Dept Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.,University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - R Legood
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - U Beller
- Department of Gynaecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - I Tomlinson
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Wardle
- Behavioral Sciences Unit, Dept Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - U Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - I Jacobs
- Institute for Women's Health, University College, London, UK.,University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - R Manchanda
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK.,Wolfson Institute of Population Health, CRUK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
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Velema MS, Canu L, Dekkers T, Hermus ARMM, Timmers HJLM, Schultze Kool LJ, Groenewoud HJMM, Jacobs C, Deinum J. Volumetric evaluation of CT images of adrenal glands in primary aldosteronism. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2359-2366. [PMID: 33666874 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01540-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether adrenal volumetry provides better agreement with adrenal vein sampling (AVS) than conventional CT for subtyping PA. Furthermore, we evaluated whether the size of this contralateral adrenal was a prognostic factor for clinical outcome after unilateral adrenalectomy. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed volumes of both adrenal glands of the 180 CT-scans (88/180 with unilateral and 92/180 with bilateral disease) of the patients with PA included in the SPARTACUS trial of which 85 also had undergone an AVS. In addition, we examined CT-scans of 20 healthy individuals to compare adrenal volumes with published normal values. RESULTS Adrenal volume was higher for the left than the right adrenal (mean and SD: 6.49 ± 2.77 ml versus 5.25 ± 1.87 ml for the right adrenal; p < 0.001). Concordance between volumetry and AVS in subtyping was 58.8%, versus 51.8% between conventional CT results and AVS (p = NS). The volumes of the contralateral adrenals in the patients with unilateral disease (right 4.78 ± 1.37 ml; left 6.00 ± 2.73 ml) were higher than those of healthy controls reported in the literature (right 3.62 ± 1.23 ml p < 0.001; left 4.84 ± 1.67 ml p = 0.02). In a multivariable analysis the contralateral volume was not associated with biochemical or clinical success, nor with the defined daily doses of antihypertensive agents at 1 year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Volumetry of the adrenal glands is not superior to current assessment of adrenal size by CT for subtyping patients with PA. Furthermore, in patients with unilateral disease the size of the contralateral adrenal is enlarged but its size is not associated with outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Velema
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - L Canu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - T Dekkers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A R M M Hermus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H J L M Timmers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - L J Schultze Kool
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H J M M Groenewoud
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J Deinum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Hafycz J, Jacobs C, Perez C, Morley K, Melanson S, Stankewicz H. 243 Comparing Moods Amongst Emergency Medicine Residents Based on Shift Times and Rotation. Ann Emerg Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.09.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dumont H, Roux-Sibilon A, Jacobs C, Goffaux V. Untangling human face identity based on horizontal information. J Vis 2021. [DOI: 10.1167/jov.21.9.2774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Dumont
- UC Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - C Jacobs
- UC Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - V Goffaux
- UC Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Robinson M, Muirhead R, Chu K, Jacobs C, Ng S, Hawkins M. PO-1276 Differential Response of FDG Uptake in Pelvic Bone Marrow to Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07727-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Jacobs C, Jaffey JA, Trepanier LA, Pritchard JC. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and mortality in dogs with blastomycosis. Vet J 2021; 274:105707. [PMID: 34148015 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2021.105707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Blastomycosis is a prominent fungal disease in the United States. Vitamin D status has been found to be altered in critical illness and various infectious diseases. The objectives of this study were to compare serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations in dogs with blastomycosis and healthy controls, to assess the change in serum 25(OH)D concentrations in dogs with blastomycosis after 30 days of treatment, and to determine if baseline serum 25(OH)D concentrations in dogs with blastomycosis were associated with in-hospital, 30-day, or end-of-study mortality. In this prospective cohort study, 19 dogs newly diagnosed with blastomycosis had serum 25(OH)D concentrations measured with a commercially available validated radioimmunoassay at the time of diagnosis and 30 days after start of treatment. These values were compared to 24 healthy control dogs. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations at the time of diagnosis were lower in dogs with blastomycosis (median, 203 nmol/L; range, 31-590 nmol/L) than in clinically healthy control dogs (259.5 nmol/L, 97-829 nmol/L; P = 0.01). Despite clinical improvement, there was no significant change in serum 25(OH)D concentrations from baseline to 30-day follow-up. Dogs with baseline serum 25(OH)D concentrations <180.5nmol/L had a greater odds of death during hospitalization (odds ratio [OR], 15.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-191.3; P = 0.04) and at 30 days follow-up (OR, 30.0; 95% CI, 2.5-366.7; P = 0.006). These findings highlight the need for further studies evaluating the prognostic value of vitamin D status in dogs with blastomycosis at diagnosis and throughout treatment and remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jacobs
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Dr, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - J A Jaffey
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Midwestern University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 19555 N 59th Ave, Glendale, AZ, 85308, USA
| | - L A Trepanier
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Dr, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - J C Pritchard
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Dr, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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12
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Jacobs C, Wilmink J. Combined versus single treatment regimens for keloid therapy using serial intralesional corticosteroid injections, surgical excision, silicone- and/or cryotherapy. JPRAS Open 2021; 29:157-166. [PMID: 34195335 PMCID: PMC8237524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficacy comparison of several regimens in treating keloids as combined or standalone therapies could provide essential information for selecting appropriate therapy. This study retrospectively evaluated the treatment efficacy of corticosteroid injections, excision, silicone, cryotherapy, or combinations of these for treating keloids. Additionally, the use of corticosteroid injection schemes and combined cryotherapy regimens were analysed. Retrospective chart analysis was performed on 204 keloids treated patients at the plastic surgery department of the Máxima Medical Centre between 2009 and 2018. The patient's age, gender, treatment, anatomic location, scar aetiology, previous therapy, scar recurrence, additional therapy, and follow-up duration were retrieved. Treatment efficacy was assessed through treatment failure, defined by the recurrence or lack of response. Kaplan–Meier and Cox survival analyses were performed to compare treatment efficacy between the different regimens. Monotherapies exhibited a significantly higher chance of treatment failure (HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.4–4.2, p<0.05) when compared to combined therapies. Sporadic corticosteroid injections demonstrated more treatment failure overall (HR 3.5 95% CI 1,6–7,3; p=0.001), but did not differ significantly from injection schemes. Combined cryotherapy efficacy did not differ significantly from the other combined regimens (HR 1,6 95% CI 0,5–5,1; p=0.401). Combined therapies exhibited clear superiority over monotherapies. Sporadic corticosteroid injections demonstrated inferior results compared to all other therapies. Combined cryotherapy cases were insufficient, and more data are required for proper assessment. Future prospective assessments of corticosteroid injection schemes and combined regimens are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jacobs
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Máxima Medisch Centrum Veldhoven, The Netherlands.,Maastricht University Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences
| | - J Wilmink
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Máxima Medisch Centrum Veldhoven, The Netherlands
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13
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Hanly J, Kelly E, Jacobs C, Claridge A. Response to letter from Dr O. Jolobe entitled 'Immunoglobulin G4-related disease as the alternative diagnosis' (QJM-2020-1675). QJM 2021; 114:145-146. [PMID: 33159454 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Hanly
- University of Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Beacon House, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - E Kelly
- University of Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Beacon House, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - C Jacobs
- University of Bristol Medical School, Great Western Hospital Academy, Marlborough Road, Swindon, Wiltshire SN3 6BB, UK
| | - A Claridge
- Great Western Hospital Foundation NHS Trust, Gastroenterology, Swindon, Wiltshire SN3 6BB, UK
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hanly
- University of Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Beacon House, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - E Kelly
- University of Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Beacon House, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - C Jacobs
- University of Bristol Medical School, Great Western Hospital Academy, Marlborough Road, Swindon, Wiltshire SN3 6BB, UJK
| | - A Claridge
- Great Western Hospital Foundation NHS Trust, Gastroenterology, Swindon, Wiltshire SN3 6BB, UK
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15
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Wolters TLC, van der Heijden CDCC, Pinzariu O, Hijmans-Kersten BTP, Jacobs C, Kaffa C, Hoischen A, Netea MG, Smit JWA, Thijssen DHJ, Georgescu CE, Riksen NP, Netea-Maier RT. The association between treatment and systemic inflammation in acromegaly. Growth Horm IGF Res 2021; 57-58:101391. [PMID: 33964727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2021.101391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acromegaly is characterized by an excess of growth hormone (GH) and insulin like growth-factor 1 (IGF1), and it is strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Both acute and long-lasting pro-inflammatory effects have been attributed to IGF1. Previous results suggest the presence of systemic inflammation in treated patients. Here we assessed the association between treatment of acromegaly, systemic inflammation and vascular function. DESIGN Ex vivo cytokine production and circulating inflammatory markers were assessed in peripheral blood from treated and untreated acromegaly patients (N = 120), and compared them with healthy controls. A more comprehensive prospective inflammatory and vascular assessment was conducted in a subgroup of six treatment-naive patients with follow-up during treatment. RESULTS Circulating concentrations of VCAM1, E-selectin and MMP2 were higher in patients with uncontrolled disease, whereas the concentrations of IL18 were lower. In stimulated whole blood, cytokine production was skewed towards a more pro-inflammatory profile in patients, especially those with untreated disease. Prospective vascular measurements in untreated patients showed improvement of endothelial function during treatment. CONCLUSIONS Acromegaly patients are characterized by a pro-inflammatory phenotype, most pronounced in those with uncontrolled disease. Treatment only partially reverses this pro-inflammatory bias. These findings suggest that systemic inflammation could contribute to the increased risk of CVD in acromegaly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L C Wolters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - C D C C van der Heijden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - O Pinzariu
- 6(th) Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - B T P Hijmans-Kersten
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - C Kaffa
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics (CMBI), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - A Hoischen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - M G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J W A Smit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - D H J Thijssen
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom
| | - C E Georgescu
- 6(th) Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Endocrinology Clinic, Cluj County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - N P Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - R T Netea-Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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16
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Domínguez-Andrés J, Arts RJW, Bekkering S, Bahrar H, Blok BA, de Bree LCJ, Bruno M, Bulut Ö, Debisarun PA, Dijkstra H, Cristina Dos Santos J, Ferreira AV, Flores-Gomez D, Groh LA, Grondman I, Helder L, Jacobs C, Jacobs L, Jansen T, Kilic G, Klück V, Koeken VACM, Lemmers H, Moorlag SJCFM, Mourits VP, van Puffelen JH, Rabold K, Röring RJ, Rosati D, Tercan H, van Tuijl J, Quintin J, van Crevel R, Riksen NP, Joosten LAB, Netea MG. In vitro induction of trained immunity in adherent human monocytes. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100365. [PMID: 33718890 PMCID: PMC7921712 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies show that innate immune cells can undergo functional reprogramming, facilitating a faster and enhanced response to heterologous secondary stimuli. This concept has been termed “trained immunity.” We outline here a protocol to recapitulate this in vitro using adherent monocytes from consecutive isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The induction of trained immunity and the associated functional reprogramming of monocytes is described in detail using β-glucan (from Candida albicans) and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin as examples. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Repnik et al. (2003) and Bekkering et al. (2016). Isolation of PBMCs and monocytes using discontinuous density gradients In vitro induction of trained immunity in adherent monocytes Induction of trained immunity is assessed by cytokine production levels Generally applicable to test multiple stimuli and pharmacological compounds
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Domínguez-Andrés
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rob J W Arts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Siroon Bekkering
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Harsh Bahrar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan A Blok
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - L Charlotte J de Bree
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mariolina Bruno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Özlem Bulut
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Priya A Debisarun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Helga Dijkstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jéssica Cristina Dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Anaísa V Ferreira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Daniela Flores-Gomez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Laszlo A Groh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Inge Grondman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonie Helder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cor Jacobs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Jacobs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Trees Jansen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gizem Kilic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Viola Klück
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Valerie A C M Koeken
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) and TWINCORE, The Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and The Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Heidi Lemmers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vera P Mourits
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jelmer H van Puffelen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Katrin Rabold
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rutger J Röring
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Diletta Rosati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Helin Tercan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Julia van Tuijl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica Quintin
- Immunology of Fungal Infections, Department of Mycology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Reinout van Crevel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels P Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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17
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Wagner Y, Knaup I, Knaup TJ, Jacobs C, Wolf M. Influence of a programme for prevention of early childhood caries on early orthodontic treatment needs. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:4313-4324. [PMID: 32382925 PMCID: PMC7666665 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this prospective birth cohort study was to evaluate the effect of the programme for prevention (PP) of early childhood caries and the resulting need for orthodontic treatment in 8-year-old German children. MATERIAL AND METHODS Children who had been enrolled in a caries-risk-related recall system with continuous dental care starting at the time of birth (prevention group, PG) were compared with children of the same birth cohort whose parents decided not to participate in the programme (control group, CG). All children (n = 289) participating in the last PP evaluation at the age of 5 years were invited again and examined by blinded clinicians. Dental caries was scored using the WHO diagnostic criteria expanded to d1-level without radiography. Impressions were taken of children with premature tooth loss to analyse space conditions. RESULTS Two hundred twenty-seven children (mean age 8.4 ± 0.6 years; 46.7% female) were examined. Children in the PG (n = 127) showed significantly lower caries prevalence and experience (3.1%, 0.4 ± 1.0 d3-4mft) than children in the CG (37.3%, 3.9 ± 3.5 d3-4mft). Orthodontic analysis found a higher prevalence of premature tooth extraction, followed by a greater extent of space loss in the CG (41.0%; 3.3 ± 4.4 mm) vs. PG (7.9%; 0.4 ± 1.9 mm) and an increase in early orthodontic treatment need (KIG P3, IOTN 5). CONCLUSIONS The PP was an effective approach for preventing caries-related premature tooth loss in children and conserving relevant arch length. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Children who received continuous dental care starting at the time of birth showed better oral health with less premature loss of deciduous teeth and lower need for orthodontic treatment at the age of 8 years. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00003438, https://drks-neu.uniklinik-freiburg.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00003438.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Wagner
- Department of Orthodontics, Section Preventive Dentistry and Paediatric Dentistry, Jena University Hospital, An der alten Post 4, Jena, Germany.
| | - I Knaup
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - T J Knaup
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Orthodontics, Section Preventive Dentistry and Paediatric Dentistry, Jena University Hospital, An der alten Post 4, Jena, Germany
| | - M Wolf
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
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18
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Jones H, Gilbert D, Gilbert A, Jacobs C, Muirhead R. DPD testing in radical chemoradiation for anal squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1580. [PMID: 32739406 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Jones
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - D Gilbert
- Sussex Cancer Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - A Gilbert
- Leeds Cancer Centre, St James' University Hospitals, Leeds, UK
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - R Muirhead
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
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19
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Muirhead R, Bulte D, Cooke R, Chu KY, Durrant L, Goh V, Jacobs C, Ng SM, Strauss VY, Virdee PS, Qi C, Hawkins MA. A Prospective Study of Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging as an Early Prognostic Biomarker in Chemoradiotherapy in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Anus. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2020; 32:874-883. [PMID: 33023818 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The use of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) as a prognostic marker of treatment response would enable early individualisation of treatment. We aimed to quantify the changes in mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ΔADCmean) between a DW-MRI at diagnosis and on fraction 8-10 of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) as a biomarker for cellularity, and correlate these with anal squamous cell carcinoma recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study recruited patients with localised anal cancer between October 2014 and November 2017. DW-MRI was carried out at diagnosis and after fraction 8-10 of radical CRT. A region of interest was delineated for all primary tumours and any lymph nodes >2 cm on high-resolution T2-weighted images and propagated to the ADC map. Routine clinical follow-up was collected from Nation Health Service electronic systems. RESULTS Twenty-three of 29 recruited patients underwent paired DW-MRI scans. Twenty-six regions of interest were delineated among the 23 evaluable patients. The median (range) tumour volume was 13.6 cm3 (2.8-84.9 cm3). Ten of 23 patients had lesions with ΔADCmean ≤ 20%. With a median follow-up of 41.2 months, four patients either failed to have a complete response to CRT or subsequently relapsed. Three of four patients with disease relapse had lesions demonstrating ΔADCmean <20%, the other patient with persistent disease had ΔADCmean of 20.3%. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated a potential correlation between patients with ΔADCmean <20% and disease relapse. Further investigation of the prognostic merit of DW-MRI change is needed in larger, prospective cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Muirhead
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
| | - D Bulte
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R Cooke
- Radiotherapy Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - K-Y Chu
- Radiotherapy Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Oncology, CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Oxford, UK
| | - L Durrant
- Radiotherapy Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Oncology, CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Oxford, UK
| | - V Goh
- Cancer Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - S M Ng
- Oncology Clinical Trials Office, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - V Y Strauss
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - P S Virdee
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C Qi
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M A Hawkins
- Radiotherapy Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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20
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Ziegelasch M, Boman A, Martinsson K, Thyberg I, Jacobs C, Nyhäll-Wåhlin BM, Svärd A, Berglin E, Rantapää-Dahlqvist S, Skogh T, Kastbom A. Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies are associated with radiographic damage but not disease activity in early rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed in 2006-2011. Scand J Rheumatol 2020; 49:434-442. [PMID: 32856532 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2020.1771761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The discovery of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) and the introduction of new therapeutic options have had profound impacts on early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) care. Since ACPA status, most widely assessed as reactivity to cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCPs), influences treatment decisions in early RA, we aimed to determine whether anti-CCP remains a predictor of disease activity and radiographic joint damage in more recent 'real-world' early RA. Method: Two observational early RA cohorts from Sweden enrolled patients in 1996-1999 (TIRA-1, n = 239) and 2006-2009 (TIRA-2, n = 444). Clinical and radiographic data and ongoing treatment were prospectively collected up to 3 years. Two other cohorts served as confirmation cohorts (TRAM-1, with enrolment 1996-2000, n = 249; and TRAM-2, 2006-2011, n = 528). Baseline anti-CCP status was related to disease activity, pharmacotherapy, and radiographic joint damage according to Larsen score. Results: In the TIRA-1 cohort, anti-CCP-positive patients had significantly higher 28-joint Disease Activity Score, swollen joint count, C-reactive protein level, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate during follow-up compared with anti-CCP-negative patients. In TIRA-2, no such differences were found, but baseline anti-CCP positivity was associated with higher 3 year Larsen score (5.4 vs 3.5, p = 0.039). In TRAM-2, anti-CCP also predicted radiographic damage (8.9 vs 6.7, p = 0.027), with no significant differences in disease activity. Conclusion: In the early RA cohorts recruiting patients in 2006-2011, baseline anti-CCP positivity was not associated with disease activity over time, but was associated with increased radiographic damage at follow-up. Hence, close radiographic monitoring is warranted in early anti-CCP-positive RA regardless of disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ziegelasch
- Department of Rheumatology in Östergötland, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden
| | - A Boman
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology, Umeå University , Umeå, Sweden
| | - K Martinsson
- Department of Rheumatology in Östergötland, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden
| | - I Thyberg
- Department of Rheumatology in Östergötland, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Rheumatology in Östergötland, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - A Svärd
- Department of Rheumatology, Falun Hospital, Falun, Sweden.,Center for Clinical Research Dalarna, Uppsala University , Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E Berglin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology, Umeå University , Umeå, Sweden
| | - S Rantapää-Dahlqvist
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology, Umeå University , Umeå, Sweden
| | - T Skogh
- Department of Rheumatology in Östergötland, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden
| | - A Kastbom
- Department of Rheumatology in Östergötland, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University , Linköping, Sweden
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21
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Jootun N, Sengupta S, Cunningham C, Charlton P, Betts M, Weaver A, Jacobs C, Hompes R, Muirhead R. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy in rectal cancer - less is more? Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:261-268. [PMID: 31556218 DOI: 10.1111/codi.14863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM There is significant international variation in the use of neoadjuvant radiation prior to total mesorectal excision. The MERCURY group advocate selective neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT). We have performed a retrospective, single-centre study of patients treated with CRT, where only the circumferential resection margin is threatened, with the aim of identifying whether a more selective approach to CRT provides acceptable local relapse rates (LRRs). METHOD All consecutive patients who underwent radical surgery for rectal adenocarcinoma over a 5-year period (2007-2012) in the Oxford University Trust were considered. Electronic hospital systems were reviewed to obtain patient and tumour demographics, treatment and follow-up information. All patients were classified into risk categories according to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance. Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel and R. RESULTS Two hundred and seventy-two patients were identified: 123, 89 and 60 in the high-, intermediate- and low-risk categories, respectively. Seventy-nine per cent of those in the high-risk group, 6% in the intermediate and 5% in the low-risk group underwent CRT. The overall 5-year LRR and distant recurrence rate (DRR) were 5.2% and 17.8%, respectively. The 5-year LRR for those who went straight to surgery was 2.0% and for those who had neoadjuvant CRT it was 7.4%. The DRR for these two groups was 8.5% and 18.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our series demonstrates that the use of CRT only in margin-threatening tumours, results in an exceptionally low LRR for those without margin-threatening disease. In routine clinical care, this strategy can minimize the significant morbidity of multimodal treatment and allow earlier introduction of systemic therapy to minimize distant recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jootun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nuffield Department of Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - S Sengupta
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C Cunningham
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nuffield Department of Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - P Charlton
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - M Betts
- Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - A Weaver
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - R Hompes
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nuffield Department of Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.,Department of Surgery, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Muirhead
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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22
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Moore R, Brunner F, Jacobs C, Kramer P, Selwood N, Wing A. Comparison of the Results of CAPD Treatment in “Experienced” versus “Inexperienced” Centres in Europe. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686088400402s26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Five per cent of almost 80,000 living patients with end stage renal failure (ESRF) in Europe were on CAPD on 31st December, 1982. The use of CAPD has grown dramatically since 1977. Centres which reported the use of CAPD to the EDTA Registry were divided into “experienced” and “inexperienced.” Patients treated in “experienced” centres had less peritonitis and spent less time in hospital because of peritonitis. Patient survival amongst those starting treatment in earlier years was worse in the “inexperienced” centres but improved so that it equalled survival in the “experienced” centres in 1982. At 12 months cumulative patient survival in patients commencing CAPD in 1982 was 87% and technique survival exceeded 95%. It appears that there is now a homogenous population of centres with approximately equal expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Moore
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SEl 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - F.P. Brunner
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SEl 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - C. Jacobs
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SEl 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - P. Kramer
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SEl 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - N.H. Selwood
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SEl 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - A.J. Wing
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SEl 7EH, United Kingdom
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23
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Abstract
Five per cent of European patients on therapy for end stage renal failure and reported to the EDTA Registry were treated by CAPD on 31st December, 1982. The percentage varied between 12.7% in the United Kingdom to less than 1% in Eastern European countries. In the total area covered by the Registry (population 574 millions) 5.6 patients pmp commenced CAPD during 1982. Commencements reached 18.9 pmp in Switzerland, 17.4 pmp in the United Kingdom and 9.8 pmp in Italy. National programmes of CAPD fulfil different roles in the pattern of RRT and select different populations of patients. Therefore comparisons of the results achieved have not been made.
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Affiliation(s)
- AJ Wing
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - R Moore
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - FP Brunner
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - C Jacobs
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - P Kramer
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - NU Selwood
- St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
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24
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Williams H, Boyce S, Lim J, Patel M, Jacobs C, Muirhead R. Rectal Squamous Cell Carcinomas - Are They Really Rectal? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2020; 32:343-344. [PMID: 31992487 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Williams
- Department of Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - S Boyce
- Department of Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - J Lim
- Department of Surgery, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon, UK
| | - M Patel
- Department of Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - R Muirhead
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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25
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Owens R, Mukherjee S, Padmanaban S, Hawes E, Jacobs C, Weaver A, Betts M, Muirhead R. Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy With a Simultaneous Integrated Boost in Rectal Cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2020; 32:35-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Muirhead R, Bulte D, Cook R, Chu KY, Durrant L, Goh V, Jacobs C, Ng S, Strauss V, Virdee P, Qi C, Hawkins M. A prospective study of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for predicting outcome following chemoradiotherapy, in squamous cell carcinomas of the anus. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz246.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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27
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Manchanda R, Burnell M, Gaba F, Desai R, Wardle J, Gessler S, Side L, Sanderson S, Loggenberg K, Brady AF, Dorkins H, Wallis Y, Chapman C, Jacobs C, Legood R, Beller U, Tomlinson I, Menon U, Jacobs I. Randomised trial of population‐based
BRCA
testing in Ashkenazi Jews: long‐term outcomes. BJOG 2019; 127:364-375. [PMID: 31507061 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Manchanda
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine Barts Cancer Institute Queen Mary University of London London UK
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology St Bartholomew's Hospital London UK
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit University College London London UK
| | - M Burnell
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit University College London London UK
| | - F Gaba
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine Barts Cancer Institute Queen Mary University of London London UK
| | - R Desai
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit University College London London UK
| | - J Wardle
- Behavioural Sciences Unit Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University College London London UK
| | - S Gessler
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit University College London London UK
| | - L Side
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust Southampton UK
| | - S Sanderson
- Behavioural Sciences Unit Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University College London London UK
| | - K Loggenberg
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Unit Department of Clinical Genetics Great Ormond Street Hospital London UK
| | - AF Brady
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service Northwick Park Hospital Harrow UK
| | - H Dorkins
- St Peter's College University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Y Wallis
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK
| | - C Chapman
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service Department of Clinical Genetics Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Clinical Genetics Guy's Hospital London UK
- University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - R Legood
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK
| | - U Beller
- Department of Gynaecology Shaare Zedek Medical Centre Jerusalem Israel
| | - I Tomlinson
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
| | - U Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit University College London London UK
| | - I Jacobs
- University of New South Wales UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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Hammer P, Jordan J, Jacobs C, Klempt M. Characterization of coagulase-negative staphylococci from brining baths in Germany. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:8734-8744. [PMID: 31421877 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Brining is an important step in cheese making, and using brine baths for this purpose is common practice in German dairies. Time of brining, brine concentration, and composition of the complex and heterogeneous microbiota, including coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), contribute to the ripening and taste of cheese. As well as producing staphylococcal enterotoxins, some CNS show antibiotic resistance; therefore, we isolated 52 strains of presumptive CNS from cheese brines from 13 factories in Germany. Species identification by sodA gene sequencing revealed that 50 isolates were CNS: 31 Staphylococcus saprophyticus, 4 Staphylococcus carnosus, 4 Staphylococcus equorum, 3 Staphylococcus sciuri, 2 Staphylococcus hominis, and 2 Staphylococcus warneri. One isolate each was identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus pasteurii, Staphylococcus succinus, and Staphylococcus xylosus. Further subtyping of the Staph. saprophyticus isolates to the subspecies level revealed the presence of 6 Staph. saprophyticus ssp. saprophyticus. Using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with the identified Staph. saprophyticus strains, 12 independent clones were identified, resulting in the exclusion of 18 strains from further testing. In 19 of the remaining 32 CNS isolates, resistance to antibiotics was observed. Resistance was found against oxacillin (17), penicillin (5), and cefoxitin (1). Four isolates expressed resistance to both oxacillin and penicillin. No resistance was found to enrofloxacin, tetracycline, gentamicin, or erythromycin. Then, PCR analysis for antibiotic resistance genes was performed for 22 different genes. Only genes blaZ and blaTEM were found in 7 isolates. These isolates were selected for challenge tests with different concentrations of lactic acid and NaCl to examine whether expression of antibiotic resistance was influenced by these stressors. An increase in the minimal inhibitory concentration from 0 to 2.0 µg/mL was seen for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole only in one isolate of Staph. saprophyticus at an increased lactic acid concentration. Finally, all isolates were tested for genetic determinants (entA, entB, entC, entD, and entE) of the most common staphylococcal enterotoxins; none of these genes were detected. We found no indication for unacceptable risks originating from the isolated CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hammer
- Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, 24103 Kiel, Germany.
| | - J Jordan
- Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, 24103 Kiel, Germany
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, 24103 Kiel, Germany
| | - M Klempt
- Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, 24103 Kiel, Germany
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29
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Jacobs C, Singh T, Gorti G, Iftikhar U, Saeed S, Syed A, Abbas F, Ahmad B, Bhadwal S, Siderius C. Patterns of outdoor exposure to heat in three South Asian cities. Sci Total Environ 2019; 674:264-278. [PMID: 31004902 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Low socio-economic status has been widely recognized as a significant factor in enhancing a person's vulnerability to climate change including vulnerability to changes in temperature. Yet, little is known about exposure to heat within cities in developing countries, and even less about exposure within informal neighbourhoods in those countries. This paper presents an assessment of exposure to outdoor heat in the South Asian cities Delhi, Dhaka, and Faisalabad. The temporal evolution of exposure to heat is evaluated, as well as intra-urban differences, using meteorological measurements from mobile and stationary devices (April-September 2016). Exposure to heat is compared between low-income and other neighbourhoods in these cities. Results are expressed in terms of air temperature and in terms of the thermal indices Heat Index (HI), Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) and Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) at walking level. Conditions classified as dangerous to very dangerous, and likely to impede productivity, are observed almost every day of the measurement period during daytime, even when air temperature drops after the onset of the monsoon. It is recommended to cast heat warnings in terms of thermal indices instead of just temperature. Our results nuance the idea that people living in informal neighbourhoods are consistently more exposed to heat than people living in more prosperous neighbourhoods. During night-time, exposure does tend to be enhanced in densely-built informal neighbourhoods, but not if the low-income neighbourhoods are more open, or if they are embedded in green/blue areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cor Jacobs
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Tanya Singh
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ganesh Gorti
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Earth Science and Climate Change Division, New Delhi, India
| | - Usman Iftikhar
- Government College University, Faculty of Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Salar Saeed
- Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abu Syed
- Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Nansen-Bangladesh International Centre for Coastal, Ocean and Climate Studies, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Government College University, Faculty of Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- National Agricultural Research Center, Climate, Energy and Water Resources Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Suruchi Bhadwal
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Earth Science and Climate Change Division, New Delhi, India
| | - Christian Siderius
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands; London School of Economics and Political Science, Grantham Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
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30
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Owens R, Mukherjee S, Padmanaban S, Hawes E, Jacobs C, Weaver A, Betts M, Muirhead R. Dose-escalated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) in rectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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31
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Shakir R, Adams R, Cooper R, Downing A, Geh I, Gilbert D, Jacobs C, Jones C, Lorimer C, Namelo W, Sebag-Montefiore D, Shaw P, Muirhead R. Patterns and predictors of relapse following radical chemoradiotherapy delivered using intensity-modulated radiotherapy with a simultaneous integrated boost in anal squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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32
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Manchanda R, Burnell M, Gaba F, Sanderson S, Loggenberg K, Gessler S, Wardle J, Side L, Desai R, Brady AF, Dorkins H, Wallis Y, Chapman C, Jacobs C, Tomlinson I, Beller U, Menon U, Jacobs I. Attitude towards and factors affecting uptake of population-based BRCA testing in the Ashkenazi Jewish population: a cohort study. BJOG 2019; 126:784-794. [PMID: 30767407 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate factors affecting unselected population-based BRCA testing in Ashkenazi Jews (AJ). DESIGN Cohort-study set within recruitment to the GCaPPS trial (ISRCTN73338115). SETTING North London AJ population. POPULATION OR SAMPLE Ashkenazi Jews women/men >18 years, recruited through self-referral. METHODS Ashkenazi Jews women/men underwent pre-test counselling for BRCA testing through recruitment clinics (clusters). Consenting individuals provided blood samples for BRCA testing. Data were collected on socio-demographic/family history/knowledge/psychological well-being along with benefits/risks/cultural influences (18-item questionnaire measuring 'attitude'). Four-item Likert-scales analysed initial 'interest' and 'intention-to-test' pre-counselling. Uni- and multivariable logistic regression models evaluated factors affecting uptake/interest/intention to undergo BRCA testing. Statistical inference was based on cluster robust standard errors and joint Wald tests for significance. Item-Response Theory and graded-response models modelled responses to 18-item questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Interest, intention, uptake, attitude towards BRCA testing. RESULTS A total of 935 individuals (women = 67%/men = 33%; mean age = 53.8 (SD = 15.02) years) underwent pre-test genetic-counselling. During the pre-counselling, 96% expressed interest in and 60% indicated a clear intention to undergo BRCA testing. Subsequently, 88% opted for BRCA testing. BRCA-related knowledge (P = 0.013) and degree-level education (P = 0.01) were positively and negatively (respectively) associated with intention-to-test. Being married/cohabiting had four-fold higher odds for BRCA testing uptake (P = 0.009). Perceived benefits were associated with higher pre-counselling odds for interest in and intention to undergo BRCA testing. Reduced uncertainty/reassurance were the most important factors contributing to decision-making. Increased importance/concern towards risks/limitations (confidentiality/insurance/emotional impact/inability to prevent cancer/marriage ability/ethnic focus/stigmatisation) were significantly associated with lower odds of uptake of BRCA testing, and discriminated between acceptors and decliners. Male gender/degree-level education (P = 0.001) had weaker correlations, whereas having children showed stronger (P = 0.005) associations with attitudes towards BRCA testing. CONCLUSIONS BRCA testing in the AJ population has high acceptability. Pre-test counselling increases awareness of disadvantages/limitations of BRCA testing, influencing final cost-benefit perception and decision-making on undergoing testing. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT BRCA testing in Ashkenazi Jews has high acceptability and uptake. Pre-test counselling facilitates informed decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Manchanda
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Burnell
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - F Gaba
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Sanderson
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - K Loggenberg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, North East Thames Regional Genetics Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Gessler
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Wardle
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - L Side
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - R Desai
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - A F Brady
- Department of Clinical Genetics, North West Thames Regional Genetics Unit, Northwick Park Hospital, London, UK
| | - H Dorkins
- St Peter's College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Y Wallis
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - C Chapman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - I Tomlinson
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - U Beller
- Department of Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - U Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - I Jacobs
- University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Sabbagh A, Jacobs C, Cooke R, Chu KY, Ng SM, Strauss VY, Virdee PS, Hawkins MA, Aznar MC, Muirhead R. Is There a Role for an 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-derived Biological Boost in Squamous Cell Anal Cancer? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2019; 31:72-80. [PMID: 30583927 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2018.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the potential role for a biological boost in anal cancer by assessing whether subvolumes of high 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) avidity, identified at outset, are spatially consistent during a course of chemoradiotherapy (CRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS FDG-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans from 21 patients enrolled into the ART study (NCT02145416) were retrospectively analysed. In total, 29 volumes including both primary tumours and involved nodes >2 cm were identified. FDG-PET scans were carried out before treatment and on day 8 or 9 of CRT. FDG subvolumes were created using a percentage of maximum FDG avidity at thresholds of 34%, 40%, 50%, on the pre-treatment scans, and 70% and 80% on the subsequent scans. Both FDG-PET scans were deformably registered to the planning computed tomography scan. The overlap fraction and the vector distance were calculated to assess spatial consistency. FDG subvolumes for further investigation had an overlap fraction >0.7, as this has been defined in previous publications as a 'good' correlation. RESULTS The median overlap fractions between the diagnostic FDG-PET subvolumes 34%, 40% and 50% of maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) and subsequent FDG-PET subvolumes of 70% of SUVmax were 0.97, 0.92 and 0.81. The median overlap fraction between the diagnostic FDG-PET subvolumes 34%, 40% and 50% and subsequent FDG-PET subvolumes of 80% were 1.00, 1.00 and 0.92. The median (range) vector distance values between diagnostic FDG-PET subvolumes 34%, 40% and 50% and subsequent FDG-PET subvolumes of 80% were 0.74 mm (0.19-2.94) 0.74 mm (0.19-3.39) and 0.71 mm (0.2-3.29), respectively. Twenty of 29 volumes (69.0%) achieved a threshold > 0.7 between the FDG 50% subvolume on the diagnostic scan and the FDG 80% subvolume on the subsequent scan. CONCLUSION FDG-avid subvolumes identified at baseline were spatially consistent during a course of CRT treatment. The subvolume of 50% of SUVmax on the pre-treatment scan could be considered as a potential target for dose escalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sabbagh
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - R Cooke
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK; CRUK MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - K-Y Chu
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK; CRUK MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S M Ng
- Oncology Clinical Trials Office, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - V Y Strauss
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - P S Virdee
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M A Hawkins
- CRUK MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M C Aznar
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - R Muirhead
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK.
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Jacobs C, Holtzer R. PREDICTING CHANGE IN PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT IN LATE LIFE: THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY AND GENDER. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Placzek R, Gathen M, Koob S, Jacobs C, Ploeger MM. Erratum to: Modified neck-lengthening osteotomy after Morscher in children and adolescents. Oper Orthop Traumatol 2018; 30:478. [DOI: 10.1007/s00064-018-0572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jacobs C, Plöger MM, Scheidt S, Roessler PP, Koob S, Kabir K, Jacobs C, Wirtz DC, Burger C, Pflugmacher R, Trommer F. Erratum to: Three-dimensional thoracoscopic vertebral body replacement at the thoracolumbar junction. Oper Orthop Traumatol 2018; 30:388. [PMID: 30218132 DOI: 10.1007/s00064-018-0569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Erratum to:Oper Orthop Traumatol 2018 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00064-018-0559-3 The article was wrongly published under the article type "Review". Please note that the article is an "Original Paper".The publisher apologizes to authors and ….
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jacobs
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, UniversitätsklinikumBonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - M M Plöger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, UniversitätsklinikumBonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Scheidt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, UniversitätsklinikumBonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - P P Roessler
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, UniversitätsklinikumBonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Koob
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, UniversitätsklinikumBonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - K Kabir
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, UniversitätsklinikumBonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - C Jacobs
- Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - D C Wirtz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, UniversitätsklinikumBonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - C Burger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, UniversitätsklinikumBonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - R Pflugmacher
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, UniversitätsklinikumBonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - F Trommer
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Luisenhospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Hischebeth GT, Randau TM, Ploeger MM, Friedrich MJ, Kaup E, Jacobs C, Molitor E, Hoerauf A, Gravius S, Wimmer MD. Staphylococcus aureus versus Staphylococcus epidermidis in periprosthetic joint infection-Outcome analysis of methicillin-resistant versus methicillin-susceptible strains. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 93:125-130. [PMID: 30266398 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are a major complication in total joint arthroplasty. Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci are known to cause the majority of all PJIs. This study aimed to analyze the eradication rates of S. aureus and S. epidermidis with methicillin susceptibility and methicillin resistance in a 2-stage therapy algorithm. Seventy-four patients with PJI caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRSE), methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), and methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative staphylococci (MSSE) were included, and the outcome was analyzed retrospectively. After a minimal follow-up of 2 years, n = 56 patients (75.7%) were definitively free of infection. The analysis revealed significant differences between the groups, with eradication rates as follows: MSSA (92.6%), MSSE (95.2%), MRSA (80%), and MRSE (54.2%). MRSE showed a significantly lower rate of patients graded as "definitively free of infection" as compared to patients with infections caused by MSSA, MSSE, and MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Hischebeth
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany.
| | - T M Randau
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - M M Ploeger
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - M J Friedrich
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - E Kaup
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - E Molitor
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - A Hoerauf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - S Gravius
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - M D Wimmer
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
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Jacobs C, Plöger MM, Scheidt S, Roessler PP, Koob S, Kabir K, Jacobs C, Wirtz DC, Burger C, Pflugmacher R, Trommer F. Three-dimensional thoracoscopic vertebral body replacement at the thoracolumbar junction. Oper Orthop Traumatol 2018; 30:369-378. [PMID: 30076428 DOI: 10.1007/s00064-018-0559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim is to stabilize the thoracolumbar spine with a thoracoscopically implanted vertebral body replacement (VBR). To improve intraoperative depth perception and orientation, implantation is performed under three-dimensional (3D) thoracoscopic vision. INDICATIONS Vertebral burst fractures at the thoracolumbar junction (A4 AOSpine classification), pseudarthrosis, and posttraumatic instability with increasing kyphosis. CONTRAINDICATIONS Severe pulmonary dysfunctions, pulmonary or thoracic infections, previous thoracic surgery, and pulmonary adhesions. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE The patient is lying in a right lateral decubitus position. Localization of the fractured vertebra. Minimally invasive transthoracic approach. Perform single lung ventilation and insert the 3D thoracoscope two intercostal spaces above the working portal. Utilization of special binocular glasses for 3D vision of the operation field and secure resection of the fractured vertebra. Measurement of the bony defect and insertion of the expandable cage. Control of correct cage position under fluoroscopy. Insertion of a chest tube and inflate the left lung. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT Chest × ray Remove chest tube when output is <500 ml/24 h Early mobilization on the ward 6 weeks no weight-bearing >5 kg RESULTS: Between 2012 and 2017, 12 patients received a VBR under 3D thoracoscopic vision. After a mean follow up of 26 months, no cage dislocation was noticed and all patients recovered from the initial back pain. Complications were notable in two cases (17%) with a small pneumothorax after removal of the chest tube and postoperative pneumonia in one patient (8%). All responded to conservative treatment. Revision surgery was not necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jacobs
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - M M Plöger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Scheidt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - P P Roessler
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Koob
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - K Kabir
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - C Jacobs
- Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - D C Wirtz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - C Burger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - R Pflugmacher
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - F Trommer
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Luisenhospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Ploeger MM, Jacobs C, Gathen M, Kaup E, Randau TM, Friedrich MJ, Hischebeth GT, Wimmer MD. Fluid collection bags pose a threat for bacterial contamination in primary total hip arthroplasty: a prospective, internally controlled, non-blinded trial. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2018; 138:1159-1163. [PMID: 29948224 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-018-2970-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical equipment, and especially the so-called 'splash basins' that are used intraoperatively, are a potential source of bacterial contamination in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). With this risk in mind, many commercially available draping kits include plastic bags that can be used to collect fluid or to temporarily store instruments. Following this rationale, we hypothesised that first: the fluid collection bags are a potential reservoir of bacteria and second: there is a time dependency for bacterial contamination. MATERIALS AND METHODS After ethics approval, we investigated in a prospective, internally controlled, non-blinded trial 43 patients who received primary THA. At the beginning of the surgery, we took deep, representative, intracapsular tissue samples, which served as negative controls. At the end of surgery, tissue samples were taken from the bottom of the 'fluid collection bag' for microbiological analysis. RESULTS All 86 control samples were negative. Out of the samples taken from the bags, a pathogen could be detected in four patients (9.3%). All pathogens were detected after a surgery time lasting longer than 90 min. CONCLUSION We were able to show that fluid collection bags are a potential reservoir for bacteria in THA when surgery time was greater than a 90-min threshold. Our data suggest that the risks from fluid collection bags outweigh the advantages of using them. Therefore, we recommend against the use of fluid collection bags intraoperatively in primary THA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Ploeger
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Gathen
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - E Kaup
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - T M Randau
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M J Friedrich
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - G T Hischebeth
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M D Wimmer
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Bellmunt J, Eigl BJ, Senkus E, Loriot Y, Twardowski P, Castellano D, Blais N, Sridhar SS, Sternberg CN, Retz M, Pal S, Blumenstein B, Jacobs C, Stewart PS, Petrylak DP. Borealis-1: a randomized, first-line, placebo-controlled, phase II study evaluating apatorsen and chemotherapy for patients with advanced urothelial cancer. Ann Oncol 2018; 28:2481-2488. [PMID: 28961845 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Five-year survival of patients with inoperable, advanced urothelial carcinoma treated with the first-line chemotherapy is 5%-15%. We assessed whether the Hsp27 inhibitor apatorsen combined with gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GC) could improve overall survival (OS) in these patients. Patients and methods This placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase II trial randomized 183 untreated urothelial carcinoma patients (North America and Europe) to receive GC plus either placebo (N = 62), 600 mg apatorsen (N = 60), or 1000 mg apatorsen (N = 61). In the experimental arm, treatment included loading doses of apatorsen followed by up to six cycles of apatorsen plus GC. Patients receiving at least four cycles could continue apatorsen monotherapy as maintenance until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was OS. Results OS was not significantly improved in the single or combined 600- or 1000-mg apatorsen arms versus placebo [hazard ratio (HR), 0.86 and 0.90, respectively]. Exploratory study of specific statistical modeling showed a trend for improved survival in patients with baseline poor prognostic features treated with 600 mg apatorsen compared with placebo (HR = 0.72). Landmark analysis of serum Hsp27 (sHsp27) levels showed a trend toward survival benefit for poor-prognosis patients in 600- and 1000-mg apatorsen arms who achieved lower area under the curve sHsp27 levels, compared with the placebo arm (HR = 0.45 and 0.62, respectively). Higher baseline circulating tumor cells (≥5 cells/7.5 ml) was observed in patients with poor prognosis in correlation with poor survival. Treatment-emergent adverse events were manageable and more common in both apatorsen-treatment arms. Conclusions Even though apatorsen combined with standard chemotherapy did not demonstrate a survival benefit in the overall study population, patients with poor prognostic features might benefit from this combination. Serum Hsp27 levels may act as a biomarker to predict treatment outcome. Further exploration of apatorsen in poor-risk patients is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bellmunt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain; and Dana Farber Cancer Institute/Harvard Medical School, Boston.
| | - B J Eigl
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - E Senkus
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Y Loriot
- Medical Oncolgy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - P Twardowski
- Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, USA
| | - D Castellano
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (CiberOnc), Madrid, Spain
| | - N Blais
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Hospital Notre-Dame, Montreal
| | - S S Sridhar
- Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - C N Sternberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - M Retz
- Department of Urology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Pal
- Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, USA
| | | | - C Jacobs
- OncoGenex Pharmaceuticals Inc., Bothell
| | | | - D P Petrylak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
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Marmontel O, Charrière S, Simonet T, Bonnet V, Dumont S, Mahl M, Jacobs C, Nony S, Chabane K, Bozon D, Janin A, Peretti N, Lachaux A, Bardel C, Millat G, Moulin P, Marçais C, Di Filippo M. Single, short in-del, and copy number variations detection in monogenic dyslipidemia using a next-generation sequencing strategy. Clin Genet 2018; 94:132-140. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Marmontel
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire Grand Est, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon; Villeurbanne France
| | - S. Charrière
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon; Villeurbanne France
- Fédération d'endocrinologie, maladies métaboliques, diabète et nutrition, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
| | - T. Simonet
- Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Lyon France
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR5558; Villeurbanne France
| | - V. Bonnet
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire Grand Est, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
| | - S. Dumont
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire Grand Est, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
| | - M. Mahl
- Centre de Biologie Sud, Laboratoire de Biochimie moléculaire et métabolique, GHS; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Pierre-Benite France
| | - C. Jacobs
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire Grand Est, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
| | - S. Nony
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire Grand Est, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
| | - K. Chabane
- Laboratoire d'hématologie, Biologie Moléculaire; Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Pierre-Benite France
| | - D. Bozon
- Plateforme NGS CHU Lyon, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
| | - A. Janin
- Plateforme NGS CHU Lyon, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
| | - N. Peretti
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon; Villeurbanne France
- Service de Gastroentérologie Hépatologie et Nutrition Pédiatrique, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
| | - A. Lachaux
- Service de Gastroentérologie Hépatologie et Nutrition Pédiatrique, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
- INSERM U 1111, Faculté de médecine Lyon Est; Université Lyon 1; Lyon France
| | - C. Bardel
- Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Lyon France
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR5558; Villeurbanne France
| | - G. Millat
- Plateforme NGS CHU Lyon, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
| | - P. Moulin
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon; Villeurbanne France
- Fédération d'endocrinologie, maladies métaboliques, diabète et nutrition, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
| | - C. Marçais
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon; Villeurbanne France
- Centre de Biologie Sud, Laboratoire de Biochimie moléculaire et métabolique, GHS; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Pierre-Benite France
- CENS, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes; Oullins France
| | - M. Di Filippo
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire Grand Est, GHE; Hospices Civils de Lyon; Bron France
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon; Villeurbanne France
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Jacobs C, Goussard P, Gie RP. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a cause of necrotising pneumonia in childhood: a case series. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 22:614-616. [PMID: 29566781 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.17.0570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Tertiary care hospital, Western Cape, South Africa. DESIGN Retrospective descriptive study of a case series of necrotising pneumonia (NP) in children associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis presenting over a 4-year period in a country with high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) prevalence. OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and radiological features of, and treatment regimens and outcomes in, children with NP. RESULTS Of 32 children (median age 16.5 months, interquartile range 10-33), 8 (25%) (median age 49 months) had NP associated with M. tuberculosis, 6 of whom were HIV-infected. Chest computed tomography (CT) was diagnostic in all cases: no radiological signs were suggestive of TB. There was no difference in the clinical picture, chest radiography or CT scan between M. tuberculosis-associated and bacterial NP. M. tuberculosis was cultured in 75% of cases; pleural fluid acid-fast bacilli was positive in an additional two cases. Surgery was required in 46% of the M. tuberculosis cases. At follow-up, 50% of these cases had complete radiological resolution similar to bacterial NP. CONCLUSION This series highlights the fact that M. tuberculosis not only causes acute pneumonia in children, it also results in numerous complications. M. tuberculosis should be considered as a cause of NP in all children, especially HIV-infected children, living in high TB prevalence regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jacobs
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - P Goussard
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - R P Gie
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
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Jacobs C, Orsel K, Mason S, Barkema HW. Comparison of effects of routine topical treatments in the milking parlor on digital dermatitis lesions. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:5255-5266. [PMID: 29573803 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Digital dermatitis (DD), an infectious bacterial disease affecting the feet of dairy cattle, can cause lameness and decrease milk production, fertility, and animal welfare. Current DD treatment typically involves routine hoof trimming and topical antibiotics. Several nonantibiotic commercial topical products are used for controlling DD lesions; however, there is limited or no evidence regarding their effectiveness. The objectives of this study were to evaluate 2 commercially available topical applications on their ability to (1) clinically cure active DD lesions to nonactive lesions and (2) prevent recurrence of active DD lesions. Ten farms were visited weekly. In the milking parlor, the hind feet of lactating cattle were cleaned and scored (M-stage scoring system). Cattle with DD lesions at the first visit were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups: positive control (tetracycline solution), HealMax (AgroChem Inc., Saratoga Springs, NY), HoofSol (Diamond Hoof Care Ltd., Intracare BV, Veghel, the Netherlands), and a negative control (saline). All products were applied to lesions using a spray bottle. Tetracycline, HealMax, and HoofSol had a higher probability of clinical cure for active lesions compared with saline 1 wk after the first treatment (wk 1), with 69, 52, and 79% clinical cure of active lesions, respectively, compared with 34% with saline. At wk 7, the probability of clinical cure for active lesions was 10, 33, 31, and 45% of lesions treated weekly with saline, tetracycline, HealMax, and HoofSol, respectively (no difference among treatments). The substantial clinical cure with saline highlighted the potential importance of cleaning feet. In wk 1, treatment with saline, tetracycline, HealMax, and HoofSol resulted in a probability of recurrence of active DD lesions of 9, 11, 11, and 8%, respectively, with no product being superior to saline. After 7 wk, the probability of recurrence of active lesions was 5, 7, 6, and 6% for saline, tetracycline, HealMax, and HoofSol respectively, with no difference among groups in wk 7. These results provide alternatives to antibiotics for treatment of DD lesions and highlight the potential importance of cleaning feet in the milking parlor.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jacobs
- Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1.
| | - K Orsel
- Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1
| | - S Mason
- Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1; Farm Animal Care Associates, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2L 0T6
| | - H W Barkema
- Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1
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Jaffey JA, Graham A, VanEerde E, Hostnik E, Alvarez W, Arango J, Jacobs C, DeClue AE. Gallbladder Mucocele: Variables Associated with Outcome and the Utility of Ultrasonography to Identify Gallbladder Rupture in 219 Dogs (2007-2016). J Vet Intern Med 2017; 32:195-200. [PMID: 29205503 PMCID: PMC5787181 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gallbladder mucocele (GBM) is an increasingly recognized extrahepatic biliary disease in dogs. Objectives To investigate cases of GBM and identify variables associated with survival and the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography to identify gallbladder rupture. Animals Two hundred and nineteen client‐owned dogs with GBM. Methods Multicenter, retrospective study of dogs with GBM, presented from January 2007 to November 2016 to 6 academic veterinary hospitals in the United States. Interrogation of hospital databases identified all cases with the inclusion criteria of a gross and histopathologic diagnosis of GBM after cholecystectomy and intraoperative bacteriologic cultures of at least 1 of the following: gallbladder wall, gallbladder contents, or abdominal effusion. Results Two hundred and nineteen dogs fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Dogs with GBM and gallbladder rupture with bile peritonitis at the time of surgery were 2.7 times more likely to die than dogs without gallbladder rupture and bile peritonitis (P = 0.001; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50–4.68; n = 41). No significant associations were identified between survival and positive bacteriologic cultures, antibiotic administration, or time (days) from ultrasonographic identification of GBM to the time of surgery. The sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative likelihood ratios for ultrasonographic identification of gallbladder rupture were 56.1% (95% CI, 39.9–71.2), 91.7% (95% CI, 85.3–95.6), 6.74, and 0.44, respectively. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Dogs in our study with GBM and intraoperative evidence of gallbladder rupture and bile peritonitis had a significantly higher risk of death. Additionally, abdominal ultrasonography had low sensitivity for identification of gallbladder rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Jaffey
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Health Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - A Graham
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Health Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - E VanEerde
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | - E Hostnik
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - W Alvarez
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - J Arango
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - A E DeClue
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Health Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
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Ciompi F, Chung K, van Riel SJ, Setio AAA, Gerke PK, Jacobs C, Scholten ET, Schaefer-Prokop C, Wille MMW, Marchianò A, Pastorino U, Prokop M, van Ginneken B. Corrigendum: Towards automatic pulmonary nodule management in lung cancer screening with deep learning. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46878. [PMID: 28880026 PMCID: PMC5588055 DOI: 10.1038/srep46878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/srep46479.
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Jacobs C, Orsel K, Barkema HW. Prevalence of digital dermatitis in young stock in Alberta, Canada, using pen walks. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:9234-9244. [PMID: 28865852 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Digital dermatitis (DD), an infectious bacterial foot lesion prevalent in dairy cattle worldwide, reduces both animal welfare and production. This disease was recently identified in replacement dairy heifers, with implications including increased risk of DD and decreased milk production in first lactation, poor reproductive performance, and altered hoof conformation. Therefore, a simple and effective method is needed to identify DD in young stock and to determine risk factors for DD in this group so that effective control strategies can be implemented. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine prevalence of DD in young stock (based on pen walks); and (2) identify potential risk factors for DD in young stock. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 28 dairy farms in Alberta, Canada; pen walks were used to identify DD (present/absent) on the hind feet of group-housed, young dairy stock. A subset of 583 young stock on 5 farms were selected for chute inspection of feet to determine the accuracy of pen walks for DD detection. Pen walks as a means of identifying DD lesions on the hind feet in young stock had sensitivity and specificity at the animal level of 65 and 98%, with positive and negative predictive values of 94 and 83%, respectively, at a prevalence of 37%. At the foot level, pen walks had sensitivity and specificity of 62 and 98%, respectively, with positive and negative predictive values of 92 and 88%, respectively, at a prevalence of 26%. Pen walks identified DD in 79 [2.9%; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 2.3-3.6%] of 2,815 young stock on 11 (39%; 95% CI: 22-59%) of 28 farms, with all 79 DD-positive young stock ≥309 d of age. Apparent within-herd prevalence estimates ranged from 0 to 9.3%, with a mean of 1.4%. True within-herd prevalence of DD in young stock, calculated using the sensitivity and specificity of the pen walks, ranged from 0 to 12.6%, with a mean of 1.4%. On the 11 DD-positive farms, the proportion of young stock >12 mo of age with DD lesions was 9.9% (95% CI: 7.8-12.0%). Multilevel logistic regression was used to assess associations with potential risk factors for DD lesions, including age, leg cleanliness, and lactating herd DD prevalence. Presence of DD in young stock increased as their age increased and was associated with increased prevalence of DD in the lactating herd. Pen walks can be used to identify specific young stock with DD or groups where management practices can be implemented to prevent disease proliferation and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jacobs
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1.
| | - K Orsel
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1
| | - H W Barkema
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1
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Jacobs C, Orsel K, Mason S, Gray K, Barkema H. Comparison of the efficacy of a commercial footbath product with copper sulfate for the control of digital dermatitis. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:5628-5641. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sengupta S, Padmanaban S, Jacobs C, Muirhead R. EP-1280: Clinical outcomes of anal squamous cell carcinoma, treated with IMRT, using UK guidance. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31715-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Frank-Herrmann P, Jacobs C, Jenetzky E, Gnoth C, Pyper C, Baur S, Freundl G, Goeckenjan M, Strowitzki T. Natural conception rates in subfertile couples following fertility awareness training. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017; 295:1015-1024. [PMID: 28185073 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-017-4294-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze cumulative pregnancy rates of subfertile couples after fertility awareness training. METHODS A prospective observational cohort study followed 187 subfertile women, who had received training in self-observation of the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle with the Sensiplan method, for 8 months. The women, aged 21-47 years, had attempted to become pregnant for 3.5 years on average (range 1-8 years) before study entry. Amenorrhea, known tubal occlusion and severe male factor had been excluded. An additional seven women, who had initially been recruited, became pregnant during the cycle immediately prior to Sensiplan training: this is taken to be the spontaneous pregnancy rate per cycle in the cohort in the absence of fertility awareness training. RESULTS The cumulative pregnancy rate of subfertile couples after fertility awareness training was 38% (95% CI 27-49%; 58 pregnancies) after eight observation months, which is significantly higher than the estimated basic pregnancy rate of 21.6% in untrained couples in the same cohort. For couples who had been seeking to become pregnant for 1-2 years, the pregnancy rate increased to 56% after 8 months. A female age above 35 (cumulative pregnancy rate 25%, p = 0.06), couples who had attempted to become pregnant for more than 2 years (cumulative pregnancy rate 17%, p < 0.01), all significantly reduce the chances of conceiving naturally at some point. CONCLUSIONS Training women to identify their fertile window in the menstrual cycle seems to be a reasonable first-line therapy in the management of subfertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Frank-Herrmann
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - C Jacobs
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Jenetzky
- Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - C Gnoth
- Section Natural Fertility, German Society of Gynecological Endocrinology and Fertility Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Pyper
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Public Health, University of Oxford, Old Rd, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - S Baur
- Section Natural Fertility, German Society of Gynecological Endocrinology and Fertility Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Freundl
- Section Natural Fertility, German Society of Gynecological Endocrinology and Fertility Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Goeckenjan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Strowitzki
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Beyermann K, Prommersberger KJ, Jacobs C, Lanz UB. Severe Contracture of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint in Dupuytren’s Disease: Does Capsuloligamentous Release Improve Outcome? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 29:240-3. [PMID: 15142694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsb.2004.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2003] [Accepted: 02/02/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This prospective study assessed whether patients with severe proximal interphalangeal joint contracture (≥60°) due to Dupuytren’s disease which persisted after fasciectomy alone benefited from an additional capsuloligamentous release. Forty-three patients with 43 severely contracted proximal interphalangeal joints underwent operative correction followed by a standardized postoperative rehabilitation programme. All were followed for 6 months. In 11 patients correction of the proximal interphalangeal joint to 20° could not be achieved by fasciectomy alone, and an additional capsuloligamentous release was performed which effectively corrected all their residual flexion contractures. There were no statistically significant differences between the capsulotomy and the non-capsulotomy group with respect to the residual proximal interphalangeal joint contracture at the end of surgery, or at their last follow-up examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Beyermann
- Klinik für Handchirurgie, Rhönklinikum, Bad Neustadt, Germany
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