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Kidwell CU, Casalini JR, Pradeep S, Scherer SD, Greiner D, Bayik D, Watson DC, Olson GS, Lathia JD, Johnson JS, Rutter J, Welm AL, Zangle TA, Roh-Johnson M. Transferred mitochondria accumulate reactive oxygen species, promoting proliferation. eLife 2023; 12:e85494. [PMID: 36876914 PMCID: PMC10042539 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies reveal that lateral mitochondrial transfer, the movement of mitochondria from one cell to another, can affect cellular and tissue homeostasis. Most of what we know about mitochondrial transfer stems from bulk cell studies and have led to the paradigm that functional transferred mitochondria restore bioenergetics and revitalize cellular functions to recipient cells with damaged or non-functional mitochondrial networks. However, we show that mitochondrial transfer also occurs between cells with functioning endogenous mitochondrial networks, but the mechanisms underlying how transferred mitochondria can promote such sustained behavioral reprogramming remain unclear. We report that unexpectedly, transferred macrophage mitochondria are dysfunctional and accumulate reactive oxygen species in recipient cancer cells. We further discovered that reactive oxygen species accumulation activates ERK signaling, promoting cancer cell proliferation. Pro-tumorigenic macrophages exhibit fragmented mitochondrial networks, leading to higher rates of mitochondrial transfer to cancer cells. Finally, we observe that macrophage mitochondrial transfer promotes tumor cell proliferation in vivo. Collectively these results indicate that transferred macrophage mitochondria activate downstream signaling pathways in a ROS-dependent manner in cancer cells, and provide a model of how sustained behavioral reprogramming can be mediated by a relatively small amount of transferred mitochondria in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea U Kidwell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Joseph R Casalini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Soorya Pradeep
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Sandra D Scherer
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Daniel Greiner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Defne Bayik
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUnited States
| | - Dionysios C Watson
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUnited States
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterClevelandUnited States
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUnited States
| | - Gregory S Olson
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUnited States
| | - Jarrod S Johnson
- Division of Microbiology & Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Jared Rutter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Alana L Welm
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Thomas A Zangle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Minna Roh-Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
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Greiner D, Scott TM, Olson GS, Aderem A, Roh-Johnson M, Johnson JS. Genetic Modification of Primary Human Myeloid Cells to Study Cell Migration, Activation, and Organelle Dynamics. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e514. [PMID: 36018279 PMCID: PMC9476234 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages are mononuclear phagocytes with key roles in the immune system. As antigen-presenting cells, they link innate detection of microbes with programming adaptive immune responses. Myeloid DCs and macrophages also play critical roles in development, promote tissue homeostasis, and direct repair in response to injury and inflammation. As cellular migration and organelle dynamics are intimately connected with these processes, it is necessary to develop tools to track myeloid cell behavior and function. Here, we build on previously established protocols to isolate primary human myeloid cells from peripheral blood and report an optimized method for their genetic modification with lentiviral vectors to study processes related to cell migration, activation, and organelle dynamics. Specifically, we provide a protocol for delivering genetically encoded fluorescent markers into primary monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) to label mitochondria, peroxisomes, and whole cells. We describe the isolation of primary CD14+ monocytes from peripheral blood using positive selection with magnetic beads and, alternatively, isolation based on plastic adherence. Isolated CD14+ cells can be transduced with lentiviral vectors and subsequently cultured in the presence of cytokines to derive MDDCs or MDMs. This protocol is highly adaptable for cotransduction with vectors to knock down or overexpress genes of interest. These tools enable mechanistic studies of genetically modified myeloid cells through flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and other downstream assays. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Transduction of MDDCs and MDMs with lentiviral vectors encoding fluorescent markers Alternate Protocol 1: Isolation of monocytes by plastic adhesion Alternate Protocol 2: Transduction of MDDCs and MDMs with lentiviral vectors to knock down or overexpress genes of interest Support Protocol 1: Production and purification of lentiviral vectors for transduction into primary human myeloid cells Support Protocol 2: Flow cytometry of MDDCs and MDMs Support Protocol 3: Fixed and live-cell imaging of fluorescent markers in MDMs and MDDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Greiner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine; Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Tiana M. Scott
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine; Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah School of Medicine; Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Gregory S. Olson
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alan Aderem
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Minna Roh-Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine; Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jarrod S. Johnson
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine; Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah School of Medicine; Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
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Dinca SC, Greiner D, Weidenfeld K, Bond L, Barkan D, Jorcyk CL. Novel mechanism for OSM-promoted extracellular matrix remodeling in breast cancer: LOXL2 upregulation and subsequent ECM alignment. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:56. [PMID: 34011405 PMCID: PMC8132418 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01430-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is a serious problem for patients as it metastasizes, decreasing 5-year patient survival from > 95 to ~ 27%. The breast tumor microenvironment (TME) is often saturated with proinflammatory cytokines, such as oncostatin M (OSM), which promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions (EMT) in IDC and increased metastasis. The extracellular matrix (ECM) also plays an important role in promoting invasive and metastatic potential of IDC. Specifically, the reorganization and alignment of collagen fibers in stromal ECM leads to directed tumor cell motility, which promotes metastasis. Lysyl oxidase like-2 (LOXL2) catalyzes ECM remodeling by crosslinking of collagen I in the ECM. We propose a novel mechanism whereby OSM induces LOXL2 expression, mediating stromal ECM remodeling of the breast TME. METHODS Bioinformatics was utilized to determine survival and gene correlation in patients. IDC cell lines were treated with OSM (also IL-6, LIF, and IL-1β) and analyzed for LOXL2 expression by qRT-PCR and immunolabelling techniques. Collagen I contraction assays, 3D invasion assays, and confocal microscopy were performed with and without LOXL2 inhibition to determine the impact of OSM-induced LOXL2 on the ECM. RESULTS Our studies demonstrate that IDC patients with high LOXL2 and OSM co-expression had worse rates of metastasis-free survival than those with high levels of either, individually, and LOXL2 expression is positively correlated to OSM/OSM receptor (OSMR) expression in IDC patients. Furthermore, human IDC cells treated with OSM resulted in a significant increase in LOXL2 mRNA, which led to upregulated protein expression of secreted, glycosylated, and enzymatically active LOXL2. The expression of LOXL2 in IDC cells did not affect OSM-promoted EMT, and LOXL2 was localized to the cytoplasm and/or secreted. OSM-induced LOXL2 promoted an increase in ECM collagen I fiber crosslinking, which led to significant fiber alignment between cells and increased IDC cell invasion. CONCLUSIONS Aligned collagen fibers in the ECM provide pathways for tumor cells to migrate more easily through the stroma to nearby vasculature and tissue. These results provide a new paradigm through which proinflammatory cytokine OSM promotes tumor progression. Understanding the nuances in IDC metastasis will lead to better potential therapeutics to combat against the possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simion C. Dinca
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Program, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID 83725 USA
| | - Daniel Greiner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID 83725 USA
| | - Keren Weidenfeld
- Department of Human Biology and Medical Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Laura Bond
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID 83725 USA
| | - Dalit Barkan
- Department of Human Biology and Medical Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Cheryl L. Jorcyk
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Program, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID 83725 USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID 83725 USA
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Tawara K, Scott H, Emathinger J, Ide A, Fox R, Greiner D, LaJoie D, Hedeen D, Nandakumar M, Oler AJ, Holzer R, Jorcyk C. Co-Expression of VEGF and IL-6 Family Cytokines is Associated with Decreased Survival in HER2 Negative Breast Cancer Patients: Subtype-Specific IL-6 Family Cytokine-Mediated VEGF Secretion. Transl Oncol 2018; 12:245-255. [PMID: 30439625 PMCID: PMC6234768 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer cell-response to inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and oncostatin M (OSM) may affect the course of clinical disease in a cancer subtype-dependent manner. Furthermore, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) secretion induced by IL-6 and OSM may also be subtype-dependent. Utilizing datasets from Oncomine, we show that poor survival of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) breast cancer patients is correlated with both high VEGF expression and high cytokine or cytokine receptor expression in tumors. Importantly, epidermal growth factor receptor-negative (HER2-), but not HER2-positive (HER2+), patient survival is significantly lower with high tumor co-expression of VEGF and OSM, OSMRβ, IL-6, or IL-6Rα compared to low co-expression. Furthermore, assessment of HER2- breast cancer cells in vitro identified unique signaling differences regulating cytokine-induced VEGF secretion. The levels of VEGF secretion were analyzed by ELISA with siRNAs for hypoxia inducible factor 1 α (HIF1α) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Specifically, we found that estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) MDA-MB-231 cells respond only to OSM through STAT3 signaling, while ER+ T47D cells respond to both OSM and IL-6, though to IL-6 to a lesser extent. Additionally, in the ER+ T47D cells, OSM signals through both STAT3 and HIF1α. These results highlight that the survival of breast cancer patients with high co-expression of VEGF and IL-6 family cytokines is dependent on breast cancer subtype. Thus, the heterogeneity of human breast cancer in relation to IL-6 family cytokines and VEGF may have important implications in clinical treatment options, disease progression, and ultimately patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Tawara
- Boise State University, Biomolecular Sciences Program, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, 83725, USA
| | - Hannah Scott
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Jacqueline Emathinger
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Alex Ide
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Ryan Fox
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Daniel Greiner
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Dollie LaJoie
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, USA; University of Utah, Department of Oncological Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Danielle Hedeen
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, USA; University of Utah, Department of Oncological Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Madhuri Nandakumar
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Andrew J Oler
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, USA; Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ryan Holzer
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, USA; Rosetta Institute of Biomedical Research, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl Jorcyk
- Boise State University, Biomolecular Sciences Program, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, 83725, USA; Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1910 University Drive, MS1515, Boise, ID, USA.
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Haggui M, Reinhold B, Andrae P, Greiner D, Schmid M, Fumagalli P. Local photocurrent mapping and cell performance behaviour on a nanometre scale for monolithically interconnected Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 solar cells. J Microsc 2017; 268:66-72. [PMID: 28548293 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The local efficiency of lamellar shaped Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells has been investigated using scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM). Topographic and photocurrent measurements have been performed simultaneously with a 100 nm tip aperture. The lamellar shaped solar cell with monolithic interconnects (P scribe) has been investigated on a nanometre scale for the first time at different regions using SNOM. It was found that, the cell region between P1 and P2 significantly contributes to the solar cells overall photocurrent generation. The photocurrent produced depends locally on the sample topography and it is concluded that it is mainly due to roughness changes of the ZnO:Al/i-ZnO top electrode. Regions lying under large grains of ZnO produce significantly less current than regions under small granules. The observed photocurrent features were allocated primarily to the ZnO:Al/i-ZnO top electrode. They were found to be independent of the wavelength of the light used (532 nm and 633 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Haggui
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - B Reinhold
- Institut für Solare Anwendungen, Potsdam, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Nanooptische Konzepte für die PV, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Andrae
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Greiner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Institut für Technologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Schmid
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Nanooptische Konzepte für die PV, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Fumagalli
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Heinemann MD, Mainz R, Österle F, Rodriguez-Alvarez H, Greiner D, Kaufmann CA, Unold T. Evolution of opto-electronic properties during film formation of complex semiconductors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45463. [PMID: 28374745 PMCID: PMC5379619 DOI: 10.1038/srep45463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical and electrical properties of complex semiconducting alloys like Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) are strongly influenced by the reaction pathways occurring during their deposition process. This makes it desirable to observe and control these properties in real-time during the deposition. Here we show for the first time the evolution of the band gap and the sub-band-gap defect absorption of CIGS thin film as well as surface roughness during a three-stage co-evaporation process by means of an optical analysis technique, based on white light reflectometry (WLR). By simultaneously recording structural information with in-situ energy dispersive X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence we can directly correlate the evolution of opto-electronic material parameters with the structural properties of the film during growth. We find that the surface roughness and the sub-gap light absorption can be correlated with the phase evolution during the transformation from (In,Ga)2Se3 to Cu(In,Ga)Se2 by the incorporation of Cu into the film. Sub-bandgap light absorption is found to be influenced by the Cu-saturated growth phase and is lowered close to the points of stoichiometry, allowing for an advanced process design.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Heinemann
- PVcomB, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Schwarzschildstraße 3, Berlin, 12489, Germany
| | - R Mainz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin, 14109, Germany
| | - F Österle
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin, 14109, Germany
| | | | - D Greiner
- PVcomB, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Schwarzschildstraße 3, Berlin, 12489, Germany
| | - C A Kaufmann
- PVcomB, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Schwarzschildstraße 3, Berlin, 12489, Germany
| | - T Unold
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin, 14109, Germany
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Kaur P, Brehm M, Greiner D, Shultz L, Cheng M, Keck J, Cai D. Patient-derived AML mouse models with FLT3-ITD and IDH1 mutations. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)32925-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abe Y, Aberle C, dos Anjos JC, Barriere JC, Bergevin M, Bernstein A, Bezerra TJC, Bezrukhov L, Blucher E, Bowden NS, Buck C, Busenitz J, Cabrera A, Caden E, Camilleri L, Carr R, Cerrada M, Chang PJ, Chimenti P, Classen T, Collin AP, Conover E, Conrad JM, Crespo-Anadón JI, Crum K, Cucoanes A, D’Agostino MV, Damon E, Dawson JV, Dazeley S, Dietrich D, Djurcic Z, Dracos M, Durand V, Ebert J, Efremenko Y, Elnimr M, Erickson A, Etenko A, Fallot M, Fechner M, von Feilitzsch F, Felde J, Fernandes SM, Fischer V, Franco D, Franke AJ, Franke M, Furuta H, Gama R, Gil-Botella I, Giot L, Göger-Neff M, Gonzalez LFG, Goodenough L, Goodman MC, Goon JTM, Greiner D, Haag N, Habib S, Hagner C, Hara T, Hartmann FX, Haser J, Hatzikoutelis A, Hayakawa T, Hofmann M, Horton-Smith GA, Hourlier A, Ishitsuka M, Jochum J, Jollet C, Jones CL, Kaether F, Kalousis LN, Kamyshkov Y, Kaplan DM, Kawasaki T, Keefer G, Kemp E, de Kerret H, Kibe Y, Konno T, Kryn D, Kuze M, Lachenmaier T, Lane CE, Langbrandtner C, Lasserre T, Letourneau A, Lhuillier D, Lima HP, Lindner M, López-Castaño JM, LoSecco JM, Lubsandorzhiev BK, Lucht S, McKee D, Maeda J, Maesano CN, Mariani C, Maricic J, Martino J, Matsubara T, Mention G, Meregaglia A, Meyer M, Miletic T, Milincic R, Miyata H, Mueller TA, Nagasaka Y, Nakajima K, Novella P, Obolensky M, Oberauer L, Onillon A, Osborn A, Ostrovskiy I, Palomares C, Pepe IM, Perasso S, Perrin P, Pfahler P, Porta A, Potzel W, Pronost G, Reichenbacher J, Reinhold B, Remoto A, Röhling M, Roncin R, Roth S, Rybolt B, Sakamoto Y, Santorelli R, Sato F, Schönert S, Schoppmann S, Schwetz T, Shaevitz MH, Shimojima S, Shrestha D, Sida JL, Sinev V, Skorokhvatov M, Smith E, Spitz J, Stahl A, Stancu I, Stokes LFF, Strait M, Stüken A, Suekane F, Sukhotin S, Sumiyoshi T, Sun Y, Svoboda R, Terao K, Tonazzo A, Toups M, Trinh Thi HH, Valdiviesso G, Veyssiere C, Wagner S, Watanabe H, White B, Wiebusch C, Winslow L, Worcester M, Wurm M, Yermia F, Zimmer V. Direct measurement of backgrounds using reactor-off data in Double Chooz. Int J Clin Exp Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.87.011102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Lovis A, De Riedmatten M, Greiner D, Lecciso G, Andries D, Scherrer U, Wellman A, Sartori C, Heinzer R. Effect of added dead space on sleep disordered breathing at high altitude. Sleep Med 2012; 13:663-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Abe Y, Aberle C, Akiri T, dos Anjos JC, Ardellier F, Barbosa AF, Baxter A, Bergevin M, Bernstein A, Bezerra TJC, Bezrukhov L, Blucher E, Bongrand M, Bowden NS, Buck C, Busenitz J, Cabrera A, Caden E, Camilleri L, Carr R, Cerrada M, Chang PJ, Chimenti P, Classen T, Collin AP, Conover E, Conrad JM, Cormon S, Crespo-Anadón JI, Cribier M, Crum K, Cucoanes A, D'Agostino MV, Damon E, Dawson JV, Dazeley S, Dierckxsens M, Dietrich D, Djurcic Z, Dracos M, Durand V, Efremenko Y, Elnimr M, Endo Y, Etenko A, Falk E, Fallot M, Fechner M, von Feilitzsch F, Felde J, Fernandes SM, Franco D, Franke AJ, Franke M, Furuta H, Gama R, Gil-Botella I, Giot L, Göger-Neff M, Gonzalez LFG, Goodman MC, Goon JTM, Greiner D, Guillon B, Haag N, Hagner C, Hara T, Hartmann FX, Hartnell J, Haruna T, Haser J, Hatzikoutelis A, Hayakawa T, Hofmann M, Horton-Smith GA, Ishitsuka M, Jochum J, Jollet C, Jones CL, Kaether F, Kalousis L, Kamyshkov Y, Kaplan DM, Kawasaki T, Keefer G, Kemp E, de Kerret H, Kibe Y, Konno T, Kryn D, Kuze M, Lachenmaier T, Lane CE, Langbrandtner C, Lasserre T, Letourneau A, Lhuillier D, Lima HP, Lindner M, Liu Y, López-Castanõ JM, LoSecco JM, Lubsandorzhiev BK, Lucht S, McKee D, Maeda J, Maesano CN, Mariani C, Maricic J, Martino J, Matsubara T, Mention G, Meregaglia A, Miletic T, Milincic R, Milzstajn A, Miyata H, Motta D, Mueller TA, Nagasaka Y, Nakajima K, Novella P, Obolensky M, Oberauer L, Onillon A, Osborn A, Ostrovskiy I, Palomares C, Peeters SJM, Pepe IM, Perasso S, Perrin P, Pfahler P, Porta A, Potzel W, Queval R, Reichenbacher J, Reinhold B, Remoto A, Reyna D, Röhling M, Roth S, Rubin HA, Sakamoto Y, Santorelli R, Sato F, Schönert S, Schoppmann S, Schwan U, Schwetz T, Shaevitz MH, Shrestha D, Sida JL, Sinev V, Skorokhvatov M, Smith E, Spitz J, Stahl A, Stancu I, Strait M, Stüken A, Suekane F, Sukhotin S, Sumiyoshi T, Sun Y, Sun Z, Svoboda R, Tabata H, Tamura N, Terao K, Tonazzo A, Toups M, Trinh Thi HH, Veyssiere C, Wagner S, Watanabe H, White B, Wiebusch C, Winslow L, Worcester M, Wurm M, Yanovitch E, Yermia F, Zbiri K, Zimmer V. Indication of reactor ν(e) disappearance in the Double Chooz experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:131801. [PMID: 22540693 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Double Chooz experiment presents an indication of reactor electron antineutrino disappearance consistent with neutrino oscillations. An observed-to-predicted ratio of events of 0.944±0.016(stat)±0.040(syst) was obtained in 101 days of running at the Chooz nuclear power plant in France, with two 4.25 GW(th) reactors. The results were obtained from a single 10 m(3) fiducial volume detector located 1050 m from the two reactor cores. The reactor antineutrino flux prediction used the Bugey4 flux measurement after correction for differences in core composition. The deficit can be interpreted as an indication of a nonzero value of the still unmeasured neutrino mixing parameter sin(2)2θ(13). Analyzing both the rate of the prompt positrons and their energy spectrum, we find sin(2)2θ(13)=0.086±0.041(stat)±0.030(syst), or, at 90% C.L., 0.017<sin(2)2θ(13)<0.16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Abe
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
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Subramanya S, Armant M, Kim S, Ye C, Leiberman J, Schultz L, Greiner D, Shankar P. P19-56 LB. Priming with SOCS-1 silenced Dendritic cells induces robust HIV-specific CTL response in a novel HLA-A2 transgenic humanized mouse model. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767938 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Kaminski A, Yerebacan C, Skrabal C, Westphal B, Greiner D, Freier S, Lorenzen B, Dunkelmann S, Liebold A, Steinhoff G. Long term follow-up after intramyocardial stem cell therapy with AC133+ bone marrow cells. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1037982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Fux R, Greiner D, Geldmacher M, Mörike K, Gleiter CH. Multiple drug prescribing by general practitioners in a German region: implications for drug interactions and patient safety. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2006; 44:539-47. [PMID: 17176620 DOI: 10.5414/cpp44539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An increased number of drugs used by patients enhances the risk of potentially hazardous drug interactions. So far, no representative data are available about how common this problem is in German general practices. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis using a prescription database for a German region. The 50 general practitioners (out of 1,457) who wrote the most prescriptions during January to March 2003 were included. Data on 4,153 patients who were prescribed at least 10 drugs were analyzed for 92 predefined Drug Combinations Prone to Interact (DCPI) to a clinically relevant extent and possible contraindications. RESULTS From 92 DCPIs, 71 occurred in the analyzed population between 1 and 275 times. The total number of DCPI cases was 1,295, which included 10% (n = 129) of contraindicated combinations. Among 4,153 analyzed patients, 822 patients (19.8%) were affected by at least 1 DCPI. In 268 patients (6.5%), multiple DCPIs occurred. The most frequently found drug pairs were digitalis/diuretics, digitalis/calcium channel blockers, and theophylline/quinolones. Among contraindicated combinations, tricyclic antidepressants, St. John's wort and antiarrhythmic drugs were most frequently involved. In about 1/3 of patients treated for chronic heart failure, pharmacotherapy appeared not to be guideline-adherent. CONCLUSION Drug interactions, especially in polypharmacotherapy, represent a potential hazard which must be taken into account by the prescribing physician. Our study is the first to use a prescription database for the evaluation of drug prescriptions within a German region.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fux
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Waegell W, Babineau M, Hart M, Dixon K, McRae B, Wallace C, Leach M, Ratnofsky S, Belanger A, Hirst G, Rossini A, Appel M, Mordes J, Greiner D, Banerjee S. A420983, a novel, small molecule inhibitor of LCK prevents allograft rejection. Transplant Proc 2002; 34:1411-7. [PMID: 12176420 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)02909-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Waegell
- Abbott Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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Adler C, Ahammed Z, Allgower C, Amonett J, Anderson BD, Anderson M, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Barannikova O, Barnby LS, Baudot J, Bekele S, Belaga VV, Bellwied R, Berger J, Bichsel H, Bland LC, Blyth CO, Bonner BE, Boucham A, Brandin A, Cadman RV, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cardenas A, Carroll J, Castillo J, Castro M, Cebra D, Chattopadhyay S, Chen ML, Chen Y, Chernenko SP, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Choi B, Christie W, Coffin JP, Cormier TM, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, DeMello M, Deng WS, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Draper JE, Dunin VB, Dunlop JC, Eckardt V, Efimov LG, Emelianov V, Engelage J, Eppley G, Erazmus B, Fachini P, Faine V, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flierl D, Foley KJ, Fu J, Gagunashvili N, Gans J, Gaudichet L, Germain M, Geurts F, Ghazikhanian V, Grabski J, Grachov O, Greiner D, Grigoriev V, Guedon M, Gushin E, Hallman TJ, Hardtke D, Harris JW, Heffner M, Heppelmann S, Herston T, Hippolyte B, Hirsch A, Hjort E, Hoffmann GW, Horsley M, Huang HZ, Humanic TJ, Hümmler H, Igo G, Ishihara A, Ivanshin YI, Jacobs P, Jacobs WW, Janik M, Johnson I, Jones PG, Judd E, Kaneta M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kisiel A, Klay J, Klein SR, Klyachko A, Konstantinov AS, Kotchenda L, Kovalenko AD, Kramer M, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kuhn C, Kulikov AI, Kunde GJ, Kunz CL, Kutuev RK, Kuznetsov AA, Lakehal-Ayat L, Lamas-Valverde J, Lamont MA, Landgraf JM, Lange S, Lansdell CP, Lasiuk B, Laue F, Lebedev A, LeCompte T, Lednický R, Leontiev VM, LeVine MJ, Li Q, Li Q, Lindenbaum SJ, Lisa MA, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, LoCurto G, Long H, Longacre RS, Lopez-Noriega M, Love WA, Lynn D, Majka R, Margetis S, Martin L, Marx J, Matis HS, Matulenko YA, McShane TS, Meissner F, Melnick Y, Meschanin A, Messer M, Miller ML, Milosevich Z, Minaev NG, Mitchell J, Moiseenko VA, Moltz D, Moore CF, Morozov V, de Moura MM, Munhoz MG, Mutchler GS, Nelson JM, Nevski P, Nikitin VA, Nogach LV, Norman B, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Okorokov V, Oldenburg M, Olson D, Paic G, Pandey SU, Panebratsev Y, Panitkin SY, Pavlinov AI, Pawlak T, Perevoztchikov V, Peryt W, Petrov VA, Platner E, Pluta J, Porile N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Potrebenikova E, Prindle D, Pruneau C, Radomski S, Rai G, Ravel O, Ray RL, Razin SV, Reichhold D, Reid JG, Retiere F, Ridiger A, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevski OV, Romero JL, Roy C, Russ D, Rykov V, Sakrejda I, Sandweiss J, Saulys AC, Savin I, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmitz N, Schroeder LS, Schüttauf A, Schweda K, Seger J, Seliverstov D, Seyboth P, Shahaliev E, Shestermanov KE, Shimanskii SS, Shvetcov VS, Skoro G, Smirnov N, Snellings R, Sowinski J, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stephenson EJ, Stock R, Stolpovsky A, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Struck C, Suaide AA, Sugarbaker E, Suire C, Sumbera M, Symons TJ, de Toledo AS, Szarwas P, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Thomas JH, Tikhomirov V, Trainor TA, Trentalange S, Tokarev M, Tonjes MB, Trofimov V, Tsai O, Turner K, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, VanderMolen AM, Vanyashin A, Vasilevski IM, Vasiliev AN, Vigdor SE, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Ward H, Watson JW, Wells R, Wenaus T, Westfall GD, Whitten C, Wieman H, Willson R, Wissink SW, Witt R, Xu N, Xu Z, Yakutin AE, Yamamoto E, Yang J, Yepes P, Yokosawa A, Yurevich VI, Zanevski YV, Zborovský I, Zhang H, Zhang WM, Zoulkarneev R, Zubarev AN. d Macro and (3)He macro production in square root of s(NN) = 130 GeV Au+Au collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:262301. [PMID: 11800829 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.262301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The first measurements of light antinucleus production in Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider are reported. The observed production rates for d macro and (3)He macro are much larger than in lower energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. A coalescence model analysis of the yields indicates that there is little or no increase in the antinucleon freeze-out volume compared to collisions at CERN SPS energy. These analyses also indicate that the (3)He macro freeze-out volume is smaller than the d macro freeze-out volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Adler
- University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Adler C, Ahammed Z, Allgower C, Amonett J, Anderson BD, Anderson M, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Barannikova O, Barnby LS, Baudot J, Bekele S, Belaga VV, Bellwied R, Berger J, Bichsel H, Bland LC, Blyth CO, Bonner BE, Bossingham R, Boucham A, Brandin A, Caines H, Calderón De La Barca Sánchez M, Cardenas A, Carroll J, Castillo J, Castro M, Cebra D, Chattopadhyay S, Chen ML, Chen Y, Chernenko SP, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Choi B, Christie W, Coffin JP, Conin L, Cormier TM, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, DeMello M, Deng WS, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Draper JE, Dunin VB, Dunlop JC, Eckardt V, Efimov LG, Emelianov V, Engelage J, Eppley G, Erazmus B, Fachini P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flierl D, Foley KJ, Fu J, Gagunashvili N, Gans J, Gaudichet L, Germain M, Geurts F, Ghazikhanian V, Grabski J, Grachov O, Greiner D, Grigoriev V, Guedon M, Gushin E, Hallman TJ, Hardtke D, Harris JW, Heffner M, Heppelmann S, Herston T, Hippolyte B, Hirsch A, Hjort E, Hoffmann GW, Horsley M, Huang HZ, Humanic TJ, Hümmler H, Igo G, Ishihara A, Ivanshin YI, Jacobs P, Jacobs WW, Janik M, Johnson I, Jones PG, Judd E, Kaneta M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kisiel A, Klay J, Klein SR, Klyachko A, Konstantinov AS, Kotchenda L, Kovalenko AD, Kramer M, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kuhn C, Kulikov AI, Kunde GJ, Kunz CL, Kutuev RK, Kuznetsov AA, Lakehal-Ayat L, Lamas-Valverde J, Lamont MA, Landgraf JM, Lange S, Lansdell CP, Lasiuk B, Laue F, Lebedev A, LeCompte T, Lednický R, Leontiev VM, Leszczynski P, LeVine MJ, Li Q, Li Q, Lindenbaum SJ, Lisa MA, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, LoCurto G, Long H, Longacre RS, Lopez-Noriega M, Love WA, Lynn D, Majka R, Maliszewski A, Margetis S, Martin L, Marx J, Matis HS, Matulenko YA, McShane TS, Meissner F, Melnick Y, Meschanin A, Messer M, Miller ML, Milosevich Z, Minaev NG, Mitchell J, Moiseenko VA, Moltz D, Moore CF, Morozov V, de Moura MM, Munhoz MG, Mutchler GS, Nelson JM, Nevski P, Nikitin VA, Nogach LV, Norman B, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Okorokov V, Oldenburg M, Olson D, Paic G, Pandey SU, Panebratsev Y, Panitkin SY, Pavlinov AI, Pawlak T, Perevoztchikov V, Peryt W, Petrov VA, Pinganaud W, Platner E, Pluta J, Porile N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Potrebenikova E, Prindle D, Pruneau C, Radomski S, Rai G, Ravel O, Ray RL, Razin SV, Reichhold D, Reid JG, Retiere F, Ridiger A, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevski OV, Romero JL, Roy C, Russ D, Rykov V, Sakrejda I, Sandweiss J, Saulys AC, Savin I, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schweda K, Schmitz N, Schroeder LS, Schüttauf A, Seger J, Seliverstov D, Seyboth P, Shahaliev E, Shestermanov KE, Shimanskii SS, Shvetcov VS, Skoro G, Smirnov N, Snellings R, Sowinski J, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stephenson EJ, Stock R, Stolpovsky A, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Stroebele H, Struck C, Suaide AA, Sugarbaker E, Suire C, Sumbera M, Symons TJ, Szanto De Toledo A, Szarwas P, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Thomas JH, Tikhomirov V, Trainor TA, Trentalange S, Tokarev M, Tonjes MB, Trofimov V, Tsai O, Turner K, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, VanderMolen AM, Vanyashin A, Vasilevski IM, Vasiliev AN, Vigdor SE, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Ward H, Watson JW, Wells R, Wenaus T, Westfall GD, Whitten C, Wieman H, Willson R, Wissink SW, Witt R, Xu N, Xu Z, Yakutin AE, Yamamoto E, Yang J, Yepes P, Yokosawa A, Yurevich VI, Zanevski YV, Zborovský I, Zhang WM, Zoulkarneev R, Zubarev AN. Multiplicity distribution and spectra of negatively charged hadrons in Au+Au collisions at square root of (sNN) = 130 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:112303. [PMID: 11531517 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.112303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The minimum-bias multiplicity distribution and the transverse momentum and pseudorapidity distributions for central collisions have been measured for negative hadrons ( h(-)) in Au+Au interactions at square root of ([s(NN)]) = 130 GeV. The multiplicity density at midrapidity for the 5% most central interactions is dN(h(-))/d(eta)/(eta = 0) = 280+/-1(stat)+/-20(syst), an increase per participant of 38% relative to pp collisions at the same energy. The mean transverse momentum is 0.508+/-0.012 GeV/c and is larger than in central Pb+Pb collisions at lower energies. The scaling of the h(-) yield per participant is a strong function of p( perpendicular). The pseudorapidity distribution is almost constant within /eta/<1.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Adler
- University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Adler C, Ahammed Z, Allgower C, Amonett J, Anderson BD, Anderson M, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Barannikova O, Barnby LS, Baudot J, Bekele S, Belaga VV, Bellwied R, Berger J, Bichsel H, Bland LC, Blyth CO, Bonner BE, Bossingham R, Boucham A, Brandin A, Cadman RV, Caines H, Calderón De La Barca Sánchez M, Cardenas A, Carroll J, Castillo J, Castro M, Cebra D, Chattopadhyay S, Chen ML, Chen Y, Chernenko SP, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Choi B, Christie W, Coffin JP, Conin L, Cormier TM, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, DeMello M, Deng WS, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Draper JE, Dunin VB, Dunlop JC, Eckardt V, Efimov LG, Emelianov V, Engelage J, Eppley G, Erazmus B, Fachini P, Faine V, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flierl D, Foley KJ, Fu J, Gagunashvili N, Gans J, Gaudichet L, Germain M, Geurts F, Ghazikhanian V, Grabski J, Grachov O, Greiner D, Grigoriev V, Guedon M, Gushin E, Hallman TJ, Hardtke D, Harris JW, Heffner M, Heppelmann S, Herston T, Hippolyte B, Hirsch A, Hjort E, Hoffmann GW, Horsley M, Huang HZ, Humanic TJ, Hümmler H, Igo G, Ishihara A, Ivanshin YI, Jacobs P, Jacobs WW, Janik M, Johnson I, Jones PG, Judd E, Kaneta M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kisiel A, Klay J, Klein SR, Klyachko A, Konstantinov AS, Kotchenda L, Kovalenko AD, Kramer M, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kuhn C, Kulikov AI, Kunde GJ, Kunz CL, Kutuev RK, Kuznetsov AA, Lakehal-Ayat L, Lamas-Valverde J, Lamont MA, Landgraf JM, Lange S, Lansdell CP, Lasiuk B, Laue F, Lebedev A, LeCompte T, Lednický R, Leontiev VM, LeVine MJ, Li Q, Li Q, Lindenbaum SJ, Lisa MA, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, LoCurto G, Long H, Longacre RS, Lopez-Noriega M, Love WA, Lynn D, Majka R, Margetis S, Martin L, Marx J, Matis HS, Matulenko YA, McShane TS, Meissner F, Melnick Y, Meschanin A, Messer M, Miller ML, Milosevich Z, Minaev NG, Mitchell J, Moiseenko VA, Moltz D, Moore CF, Morozov V, de Moura MM, Munhoz MG, Mutchler GS, Nelson JM, Nevski P, Nikitin VA, Nogach LV, Norman B, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Okorokov V, Oldenburg M, Olson D, Paic G, Pandey SU, Panebratsev Y, Panitkin SY, Pavlinov AI, Pawlak T, Perevoztchikov V, Peryt W, Petrov VA, Pinganaud W, Platner E, Pluta J, Porile N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Potrebenikova E, Prindle D, Pruneau C, Radomski S, Rai G, Ravel O, Ray RL, Razin SV, Reichhold D, Reid JG, Retiere F, Ridiger A, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevski OV, Romero JL, Roy C, Russ D, Rykov V, Sakrejda I, Sandweiss J, Saulys AC, Savin I, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schweda K, Schmitz N, Schroeder LS, Schüttauf A, Seger J, Seliverstov D, Seyboth P, Shahaliev E, Shestermanov KE, Shimanskii SS, Shvetcov VS, Skoro G, Smirnov N, Snellings R, Sowinski J, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stephenson EJ, Stock R, Stolpovsky A, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Stroebele H, Struck C, Suaide AA, Sugarbaker E, Suire C, Sumbera M, Symons TJ, Szanto De Toledo A, Szarwas P, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Thomas JH, Tikhomirov V, Trainor TA, Trentalange S, Tokarev M, Tonjes MB, Trofimov V, Tsai O, Turner K, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, VanderMolen AM, Vanyashin A, Vasilevski IM, Vasiliev AN, Vigdor SE, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Ward H, Watson JW, Wells R, Wenaus T, Westfall GD, Whitten C, Wieman H, Willson R, Wissink SW, Witt R, Xu N, Xu Z, Yakutin AE, Yamamoto E, Yang J, Yepes P, Yokosawa A, Yurevich VI, Zanevski YV, Zborovský I, Zhang WM, Zoulkarneev R, Zubarev AN. Pion Interferometry of square root of (s(NN)) =130 GeV Au + Au collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:082301. [PMID: 11497937 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.082301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two-pion correlation functions in Au+Au collisions at square root of [s(NN)] = 130 GeV have been measured by the STAR (solenoidal tracker at RHIC) detector. The source size extracted by fitting the correlations grows with event multiplicity and decreases with transverse momentum. Anomalously large sizes or emission durations, which have been suggested as signals of quark-gluon plasma formation and rehadronization, are not observed. The Hanbury Brown-Twiss parameters display a weak energy dependence over a broad range in square root of [s(NN)].
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Affiliation(s)
- C Adler
- University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Ballen KK, Valinski H, Greiner D, Shultz LD, Becker PS, Hsieh CC, Stewart FM, Quesenberry PJ. Variables to predict engraftment of umbilical cord blood into immunodeficient mice: usefulness of the non-obese diabetic--severe combined immunodeficient assay. Br J Haematol 2001; 114:211-8. [PMID: 11472370 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2001.02904.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood is an alternative stem cell source for patients without matched family donors. In this study, we examined several parameters that have not been studied in detail -- radiation dose, cell dose, age of mice, and maternal and neonatal characteristics of the cord blood donor -- that affect engraftment of cord blood in non-obese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficient (NOD--scid) mice. Engraftment, measured using flow cytometry analyses of human CD45(+) cells, was highest in 400 cGy-treated mice. Successful engraftment was demonstrated up to 6 months, with a mean engraftment of 31% (range 0--67%) of human cells in recipient bone marrow. Engraftment was skewed to B lymphocytes. The radiation dose of 350 cGy resulted in superior survival of the murine recipients compared with 400 cGy (P = 0.03). The sex of the NOD--scid recipients had a significant effect on survival (female superior to male, P = 0.01), but not on engraftment. There were high levels of variability among different cord units and among animals injected with the same cord unit. This variability may limit the clinical usefulness of the NOD--scid mice as hosts for the quantification of human stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Ballen
- University of Massachusetts Cancer Center, Worcester, MA, USA.
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Adler C, Ahammed Z, Allgower C, Anderson M, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Barannikova O, Barnby LS, Baudot J, Bekele S, Belaga VV, Bellwied R, Berger J, Bichsel H, Bland LC, Blyth CO, Bonner BE, Bossingham R, Boucham A, Brandin A, Caines H, de la Barca Sánchez MC, Cardenas A, Carroll J, Castillo J, Castro M, Cebra D, Chattopadhyay S, Chen ML, Chen Y, Chernenko SP, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Choi B, Christie W, Coffin JP, Conin L, Cormier TM, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, DeMello M, Deng WS, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Draper JE, Dunin VB, Dunlop JC, Eckardt V, Efimov LG, Emelianov V, Engelage J, Eppley G, Erazmus B, Fachini P, Ferguson MI, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flierl D, Foley KJ, Gagunashvili N, Gans J, Germain M, Geurts F, Ghazikhanian V, Grabski J, Grachov O, Greiner D, Grigoriev V, Gushin E, Hallman TJ, Hardtke D, Harris JW, Heffner M, Heppelmann S, Herston T, Hippolyte B, Hirsch A, Hjort E, Hoffmann GW, Horsley M, Huang HZ, Humanic TJ, Hümmler H, Igo GJ, Ishihara A, Ivanshin YI, Jacobs P, Jacobs WW, Janik M, Johnson I, Jones PG, Judd E, Kaneta M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Khodinov A, Kisiel A, Klay J, Klein SR, Klyachko A, Konstantinov AS, Kotchenda L, Kovalenko AD, Kramer M, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kuhn C, Kulikov AI, Kunde GJ, Kunz CL, Kutuev RK, Kuznetsov AA, Lamas-Valverde J, Lamont MA, Landgraf JM, Lange S, Lansdell CP, Lasiuk B, Laue F, Lebedev A, LeCompte T, Leontiev VM, Leszczynski P, LeVine MJ, Li Q, Li Q, Lindenbaum SJ, Lisa MA, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, LoCurto G, Long H, Longacre RS, Lopez-Noriega M, Love WA, Lynn D, Madansky L, Majka R, Maliszewski A, Margetis S, Martin L, Marx J, Matis HS, Matulenko YA, McShane TS, Melnick Y, Meschanin A, Milosevich Z, Minaev NG, Mitchell J, Moiseenko VA, Moltz D, Moore CF, Morozov V, de Moura MM, Munhoz MG, Mutchler GS, Nelson JM, Nevski P, Nikitin VA, Nogach LV, Norman B, Nurushev SB, Nystrand J, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Ogilvie CA, Oldenburg M, Olson D, Paic G, Pandey SU, Panebratsev Y, Panitkin SY, Pavlinov AI, Pawlak T, Perevoztchikov V, Peryt W, Petrov VA, Pinganaud W, Platner E, Pluta J, Porile N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Potrebenikova E, Prindle D, Pruneau C, Radomski S, Rai G, Ravel O, Ray RL, Razin SV, Reichhold D, Reid J, Retiere F, Ridiger A, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevski OV, Roy C, Russ D, Rykov V, Sakrejda I, Sandweiss J, Saulys AC, Savin I, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmitz N, Schroeder LS, Schüttauf A, Seger J, Seliverstov D, Seyboth P, Shestermanov KE, Shimanskii SS, Shvetcov VS, Skoro G, Smirnov N, Snellings R, Sowinski J, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stephenson EJ, Stock R, Stolpovsky A, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Stroebele H, Struck C, Suaide AA, Sugarbaker E, Suire C, Symons TJ, Szanto de Toledo A, Szarwas P, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Thomas JH, Tikhomirov V, Trainor T, Trentalange S, Tokarev M, Tonjes MB, Trofimov V, Tsai O, Turner K, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, VanderMolen AM, Vanyashin A, Vasilevski IM, Vasiliev AN, Vigdor SE, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Ward H, Wells R, Wenaus T, Westfall GD, Whitten C, Wieman H, Willson R, Wissink SW, Witt R, Xu N, Xu Z, Yakutin AE, Yamamoto E, Yang J, Yepes P, Yokosawa A, Yurevich VI, Zanevski YV, Zhang J, Zhang WM, Zoulkarneev R, Zubarev AN. Midrapidity antiproton-to-proton ratio from Au+Au collisions at sqrt [s(NN)]=130 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:4778-4782. [PMID: 11384346 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.4778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report results on the ratio of midrapidity antiproton-to-proton yields in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)] = 130 GeV per nucleon pair as measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC. Within the rapidity and transverse momentum range of /y/<0.5 and 0.4<p(t)<1.0 GeV/c, the ratio is essentially independent of either transverse momentum or rapidity, with an average of 0.65+/-0.01((stat))+/-0.07((syst)) for minimum bias collisions. Within errors, no strong centrality dependence is observed. The results indicate that at this RHIC energy, although the p-p pair production becomes important at midrapidity, a significant excess of baryons over antibaryons is still present.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Adler
- University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Podda M, Rongioletti F, Greiner D, Milbradt R, Rebora A, Kaufmann R, Wolter M. Cutaneous mucinosis of infancy: is it a real entity or the paediatric form of lichen myxoedematosus (papular mucinosis)? Br J Dermatol 2001; 144:590-3. [PMID: 11260021 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04090.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We describe a girl presenting with a childhood dermal mucinosis in which we had the unique opportunity to find all the transitional histological features of lichen myxoedematosus (papular mucinosis), from its early focal mucin deposition in the reticular dermis to its late findings of interstitial mucin deposition, dermal fibrosis and fibroblast proliferation. Her father reported having had similar lesions when he was a child, which completely disappeared during adolescence. This case, and a re-evaluation of the literature, suggests that cases of cutaneous mucinosis of infancy that are not hamartomatous conditions such as mucinous naevi are in fact the infantile presentation of lichen myxoedematosus (papular mucinosis) and, in addition to other cases in the literature, suggests a genetic and familial factor in lichen myxoedematosus (papular mucinosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Podda
- Department of Dermatology, J.W.Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Germany
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21
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Ackermann KH, Adams N, Adler C, Ahammed Z, Ahmad S, Allgower C, Amsbaugh J, Anderson M, Anderssen E, Arnesen H, Arnold L, Averichev GS, Baldwin A, Balewski J, Barannikova O, Barnby LS, Baudot J, Beddo M, Bekele S, Belaga VV, Bellwied R, Bennett S, Bercovitz J, Berger J, Betts W, Bichsel H, Bieser F, Bland LC, Bloomer M, Blyth CO, Boehm J, Bonner BE, Bonnet D, Bossingham R, Botlo M, Boucham A, Bouillo N, Bouvier S, Bradley K, Brady FP, Braithwaite ES, Braithwaite W, Brandin A, Brown RL, Brugalette G, Byrd C, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cardenas A, Carr L, Carroll J, Castillo J, Caylor B, Cebra D, Chatopadhyay S, Chen ML, Chen W, Chen Y, Chernenko SP, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Choi B, Chrin J, Christie W, Coffin JP, Conin L, Consiglio C, Cormier TM, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Danilov VI, Dayton D, DeMello M, Deng WS, Derevschikov AA, Dialinas M, Diaz H, DeYoung PA, Didenko L, Dimassimo D, Dioguardi J, Dominik W, Drancourt C, Draper JE, Dunin VB, Dunlop JC, Eckardt V, Edwards WR, Efimov LG, Eggert T, Emelianov V, Engelage J, Eppley G, Erazmus B, Etkin A, Fachini P, Feliciano C, Ferenc D, Ferguson MI, Fessler H, Finch E, Fine V, Fisyak Y, Flierl D, Flores I, Foley KJ, Fritz D, Gagunashvili N, Gans J, Gazdzicki M, Germain M, Geurts F, Ghazikhanian V, Gojak C, Grabski J, Grachov O, Grau M, Greiner D, Greiner L, Grigoriev V, Grosnick D, Gross J, Guilloux G, Gushin E, Hall J, Hallman TJ, Hardtke D, Harper G, Harris JW, He P, Heffner M, Heppelmann S, Herston T, Hill D, Hippolyte B, Hirsch A, Hjort E, Hoffmann GW, Horsley M, Howe M, Huang HZ, Humanic TJ, Hümmler H, Hunt W, Hunter J, Igo GJ, Ishihara A, Ivanshin YI, Jacobs P, Jacobs WW, Jacobson S, Jared R, Jensen P, Johnson I, Jones PG, Judd E, Kaneta M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kenney VP, Khodinov A, Klay J, Klein SR, Klyachko A, Koehler G, Konstantinov AS, Kormilitsyne V, Kotchenda L, Kotov I, Kovalenko AD, Kramer M, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Krupien T, Kuczewski P, Kuhn C, Kunde GJ, Kunz CL, Kutuev RK, Kuznetsov AA, Lakehal-Ayat L, Lamas-Valverde J, Lamont MA, Landgraf JM, Lange S, Lansdell CP, Lasiuk B, Laue F, Lebedev A, LeCompte T, Leonhardt WJ, Leontiev VM, Leszczynski P, LeVine MJ, Li Q, Li Q, Li Z, Liaw CJ, Lin J, Lindenbaum SJ, Lindenstruth V, Lindstrom PJ, Lisa MA, Liu H, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, LoCurto G, Long H, Longacre RS, Lopez-Noriega M, Lopiano D, Love WA, Lutz JR, Lynn D, Madansky L, Maier R, Majka R, Maliszewski A, Margetis S, Marks K, Marstaller R, Martin L, Marx J, Matis HS, Matulenko YA, Matyushevski EA, McParland C, McShane TS, Meier J, Melnick Y, Meschanin A, Middlekamp P, Mikhalin N, Miller B, Milosevich Z, Minaev NG, Minor B, Mitchell J, Mogavero E, Moiseenko VA, Moltz D, Moore CF, Morozov V, Morse R, de Moura MM, Munhoz MG, Mutchler GS, Nelson JM, Nevski P, Ngo T, Nguyen M, Nguyen T, Nikitin VA, Nogach LV, Noggle T, Norman B, Nurushev SB, Nussbaum T, Nystrand J, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Ogilvie CA, Olchanski K, Oldenburg M, Olson D, Ososkov GA, Ott G, Padrazo D, Paic G, Pandey SU, Panebratsev Y, Panitkin SY, Pavlinov AI, Pawlak T, Pentia M, Perevotchikov V, Peryt W, Petrov VA, Pinganaud W, Pirogov S, Platner E, Pluta J, Polk I, Porile N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Potrebenikova E, Prindle D, Pruneau C, Puskar-Pasewicz J, Rai G, Rasson J, Ravel O, Ray RL, Razin SV, Reichhold D, Reid J, Renfordt RE, Retiere F, Ridiger A, Riso J, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Roehrich D, Rogachevski OV, Romero JL, Roy C, Russ D, Rykov V, Sakrejda I, Sanchez R, Sandler Z, Sandweiss J, Sappenfield P, Saulys AC, Savin I, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Scheblien J, Scheetz R, Schlueter R, Schmitz N, Schroeder LS, Schulz M, Schüttauf A, Sedlmeir J, Seger J, Seliverstov D, Seyboth J, Seyboth P, Seymour R, Shakaliev EI, Shestermanov KE, Shi Y, Shimanskii SS, Shuman D, Shvetcov VS, Skoro G, Smirnov N, Smykov LP, Snellings R, Solberg K, Sowinski J, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stephenson EJ, Stock R, Stolpovsky A, Stone N, Stone R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Stroebele H, Struck C, Suaide AA, Sugarbaker E, Suire C, Symons TJ, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tarchini A, Tarzian J, Thomas JH, Tikhomirov V, Szanto De Toledo A, Tonse S, Trainor T, Trentalange S, Tokarev M, Tonjes MB, Trofimov V, Tsai O, Turner K, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Vakula I, Van Buren G, VanderMolen AM, Vanyashin A, Vasilevski IM, Vasiliev AN, Vigdor SE, Visser G, Voloshin SA, Vu C, Wang F, Ward H, Weerasundara D, Weidenbach R, Wells R, Wells R, Wenaus T, Westfall GD, Whitfield JP, Whitten C, Wieman H, Willson R, Wilson K, Wirth J, Wisdom J, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wolf J, Wood L, Xu N, Xu Z, Yakutin AE, Yamamoto E, Yang J, Yepes P, Yokosawa A, Yurevich VI, Zanevski YV, Zhang J, Zhang WM, Zhu J, Zimmerman D, Zoulkarneev R, Zubarev AN. Elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at square root(S)NN = 130 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:402-407. [PMID: 11177841 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Elliptic flow from nuclear collisions is a hadronic observable sensitive to the early stages of system evolution. We report first results on elliptic flow of charged particles at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at square root(S)NN = 130 GeV using the STAR Time Projection Chamber at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The elliptic flow signal, v2, averaged over transverse momentum, reaches values of about 6% for relatively peripheral collisions and decreases for the more central collisions. This can be interpreted as the observation of a higher degree of thermalization than at lower collision energies. Pseudorapidity and transverse momentum dependence of elliptic flow are also presented.
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Cadore B, Boitte P, Demijnck G, Greiner D, Jacquemin D. Solidarity in perinatal medicine. Ethical Theory Moral Pract 2000; 3:435-454. [PMID: 15015525 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009978815674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this paper it is argued that questions in perinatal medicine concerning treatment or non-treatment of severely handicapped children, after or before birth, cannot be answered solely by referring to the general aims and objectives of medical treatment and its specific deontology. Justifications of decisions about treatment and non-treatment need to be placed in a broader context of discussions about social justice and the social significance of medical practice as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cadore
- Centre d'ethique medicale, Universite catholique de Lille, 56, rue du Port, F - 59 046 Lille, Cedex, France.
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Kollet O, Peled A, Byk T, Ben-Hur H, Greiner D, Shultz L, Lapidot T. beta2 microglobulin-deficient (B2m(null)) NOD/SCID mice are excellent recipients for studying human stem cell function. Blood 2000; 95:3102-5. [PMID: 10807775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human SCID repopulating cells (SRC) are defined based on their functional ability to repopulate the bone marrow of NOD/SCID mice with both myeloid and lymphoid cell populations. The frequency of SRC in umbilical cord blood cells is 1 in 9.3 x 10(5) mononuclear cells. We report that as few as 8 x 10(4) human cord blood mononuclear cells transplanted into NOD/SCID/B2m(null )mice resulted in multilineage differentiation in the murine bone marrow, revealing a more than 11-fold higher SRC frequency than in NOD/SCID mice. Moreover, as few as 2 to 5 x 10(3) CD34(+) cells recovered from the bone marrow of primary transplanted NOD/SCID mice were sufficient for engrafting secondary NOD/SCID/B2m(null )mice with SRC, suggesting SRC self-renewal. Thus, by using NOD/SCID/B2m(null )mice as recipients, we established a functional assay for human stem cells capable of engrafting the bone marrow of primary and secondary transplanted immune-deficient mice with SRC, providing a model that better resembles autologous stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kollet
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaplan Hospital, Rehovot, Israel
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Ballen K, Becker PS, Greiner D, Valinski H, Shearin D, Berrios V, Dooner G, Hsieh CC, Wuu J, Shultz L, Cerny J, Leif J, Stewart FM, Quesenberry P. Effect of ex vivo cytokine treatment on human cord blood engraftment in NOD-scid mice. Br J Haematol 2000; 108:629-40. [PMID: 10759723 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.01865.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood transplantation is considered an alternative to traditional bone marrow transplantation for patients who do not have matched sibling donors. In this study, we examined the effects of ex vivo treatment of human cord blood cells with cytokine mixtures and assessed the ability of treated cells to engraft in NOD-scid mice. We incubated the cord blood with a four-factor cytokine mixture of interleukin (IL)-3, IL-6, IL-11 and stem cell factor, or with a two-factor cytokine mixture of thrombopoietin and flt-3. Incubation of cord blood for 48 h with either cytokine mixture did not affect progenitor cell number or proliferative potential as measured by the high proliferative potential (HPP) assay. Cytokine-treated cord blood injected into irradiated NOD-scid mice resulted in multilineage human engraftment. Overall, incubation with cytokines resulted in variable levels of engraftment with different cord blood samples. Incubation of cord blood with the four-factor cytokine mixture resulted in increased survival of irradiated NOD-scid recipients. These results demonstrate that short-term ex vivo treatment of human progenitor cells gives variable results on in vivo multipotential capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ballen
- The Cancer Center and the Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- D Greiner
- Department of Dermatology, University of Frankfurt, Germany
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- D Greiner
- Department of Dermatology, Frankfurt University, Germany
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27
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Lesma E, Moss J, Brewer HB, Bortell R, Greiner D, Mordes J, Rossini AA. Characterization of high density lipoprotein-bound and soluble RT6 released following administration of anti-RT6.1 monoclonal antibody. J Immunol 1998; 161:1212-9. [PMID: 9686581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
RT6 is a rat lymphocyte glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored alloantigen with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) glycohydrolase (NADase) and auto-ADP-ribosyltransferase activities. RT6 may have immunoregulatory properties based in part on the observation that injection of diabetes-resistant (DR)-BB rats with depleting doses of anti-RT6.1 mAb induced autoimmune diabetes and thyroiditis. We now report that injection of DR-BB rats with anti-RT6.1 mAb increased plasma NADase activity, which localized, by fluid phase liquid chromatography fractionation, to the high density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction. Following ultracentrifugation in high salt, however, RT6 was found in the nonlipoprotein fraction, where it existed, under nondenaturing conditions, as a 200-kDa complex and, by SDS-PAGE, as a 30- to 36-kDa species. Thy-1, another GPI-linked protein, and proteins that reacted with anti-GPI-oligosaccharide Abs also translocated from HDL to the nonlipoprotein fraction under similar conditions. Injection of anti-RT6.1 mAb into thymectomized DR and diabetes-prone-BB rats increased soluble RT6 to levels comparable to those observed in euthymic DR-BB rats, suggesting that HDL-bound RT6 is not derived from peripheral lymphocytes. In agreement, NADase activity in the plasma of eviscerated DR-BB rats did not increase following injection of anti-RT6 mAb. These data suggest that HDL is a carrier of plasma RT6 and other GPI-linked proteins, with equilibrium between the lipoprotein and nonlipoprotein fractions being salt dependent. Since GPI-linked proteins in HDL can transfer to cells in a functionally active form, the presence of RT6 in HDL is consistent with it having a role in signaling in nonlymphoid cells.
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MESH Headings
- ADP Ribose Transferases/blood
- ADP Ribose Transferases/chemistry
- ADP Ribose Transferases/immunology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte
- Chromatography, Gel
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Enzyme Activation/immunology
- Female
- Histocompatibility Antigens/immunology
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Intestine, Small/enzymology
- Intestine, Small/immunology
- Lipoproteins, HDL/blood
- Lipoproteins, HDL/immunology
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/blood
- Membrane Glycoproteins/chemistry
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases/blood
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred BB
- Solubility
- Thymectomy
- Ultracentrifugation
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lesma
- Pulmonary-Critical Care Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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28
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Abstract
We describe two women, aged 65 and 37 years, who presented with mucinous plaques as the initial skin signs of dermatomyositis. Other cutaneous manifestations were lacking, but typical myositis appeared later in the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kaufmann
- Department of Dermatology, University of Frankfurt, Germany
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Kuhn
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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30
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Cuesta P, Galván B, Greiner D, Winter G. Algoritmos genéticos con reducción de varianza. Int Artif 1998. [DOI: 10.4114/ia.v2i5.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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31
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Abstract
A variety of grafting procedures using autologous melanocytes have achieved promising results in the treatment of vitiligo. We here report on the preparation of an adequate graft recipient bed by pulsed Erbium-YAG laser skin ablation. In particular, for irregular lesions on delicate sites, which cannot be approached by utilization of suction blisters or dermabrasion, this technique may offer a distinct advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kaufmann
- Department of Dermatology, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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32
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Abstract
Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) was discovered in 1947 as a potent therapeutic agent in lymphatic filariasis and has been a mainstay of antifilarial therapy over the past five decades (R. I. Hewitt, et al., 1947, Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 32, 1304-1313). Several hundred million doses of this drug have been administered to people. Despite its widespread and successful use over this prolonged time scale, its mechanism of action remains obscure (R. M. Maizels and D. A. Denham, 1992, Parasitology 105 Suppl. 549-560). Numerous studies suggest that DEC has no direct effect on the parasite (F. Hawking and W. Laurie, 1949, Lancet 2, 146-147) and that it exerts its action by stimulating host immune defense mechanisms (F. Hawking et al., 1948, Lancet 2, 730-731), or by activating host platelets to become microfilaricidal (J. Y. Cesbron et al., 1987, Nature 325(6104) 533-536). Recent data from two different laboratories suggest that NO may be involved in host defense against filarial parasites (T. V. Rajan et al., 1996, Infection and Immunity 64(8), 3351-3353; M. J. Taylor et al., 1996, Parasitology 112, 315-322). We investigated whether DEC stimulates the production of NO from murine macrophages or rat endothelial cells. DEC did not stimulate the synthesis or secretion of NO from either, nor did it synergize with interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the induction of inducible NO synthase (iNOS). In addition, there was no consistent increase in the output of inorganic nitrate, the end product of NO metabolism, in the urines of rats treated with DEC. These data suggest that DEC does not achieve its therapeutic efficacy through the induction of host iNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Rajan
- Department of Pathology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030-3105, USA
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33
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Abstract
The results of a national survey of Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurses (APPN) are presented. Results are based on the Society for Education and Research in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing's (SERPN) Primary Mental Health and Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nursing monograph. Characteristics of the nurses, the clients they serve, and their practice patterns are described. Documenting the cost-effectiveness of these practitioners and increasing the number of younger APPNs is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Merwin
- Society for Education and Research in Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Advanced Practice Project Task Force, Pensacola, FL, USA
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34
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Abstract
Constraints and barriers to advanced practice psychiatric nursing were reported by respondents of the Primary Mental Health and Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nursing survey of certified psychiatric clinical nurse specialists. Primary data (N = 507) were the qualitative responses to a survey item about constraints and secondary data were the literature and theoretical memos. Methodology was based on principles of qualitative data analysis and procedures for manifest and latent content analysis. Findings resulted in eight themes that explained both constraints and barriers to advanced practice: (1) reimbursement, (2) prescriptive authority, (3) admitting privileges, (4) bureaucracy, (5) practice environment, (6) colleagues, (7) image, and (8) personal. Themes were interpreted within the context of regulatory, market-based, and inter/intraprofessional constraints and barriers that led to suggestions for organizational and individual strategies for action. The survey was funded by the Society for Education and Research in Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing with technical support from the Center for Mental Health Services.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Howard
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Chandler Medical Center, Lexington 40536-0232, USA
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35
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of patients with advanced or therapy-refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) remains a challenge. Pentostatin is a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase and is selectively toxic to lymphocytes. In a small number of patients with CTCL, it previously has been shown to be effective. OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pentostatin in the treatment of patients with advanced and/or therapy-refractory CTCL. METHODS Eighteen patients with stage I to IVb CTCL were treated with 4 to 5 mg/m2 of intravenous pentostatin every 1 to 4 weeks. RESULTS Two patients (11%) had complete responses of 4 months and 6 years, respectively. These patients had stage III and IVa CTCL and had previously received many different external or systemic treatments. Partial remission (50% to 99% clearing) lasting for 1.5 to 6 months occurred in five patients (28%) with stage IIa (n = 3), stage IIb, and stage IVa CTCL. These patients had received a median of three prior external or systemic treatments. No major side effects were observed, and bone marrow suppression was mild. CONCLUSION Single-agent pentostatin in intravenous doses of 4 to 5 mg/m2 is an effective systemic treatment of CTCL (39% objective response rate) with little toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Greiner
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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36
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Bortell R, Rigby M, Stevens L, Moss J, Kanaitsuka T, Mordes J, Greiner D, Rossini A. Mouse RT6 locus 1 and rat RT6.2 are NAD+. Arginine ADP-ribosyltransferases with auto-ADP-ribosylation activity. Adv Exp Med Biol 1997; 419:169-73. [PMID: 9193650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We report that rat RT6.2 and recombinant mouse Rt6 locus 1 proteins possess auto-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity and that Rt6, but not RT6, catalyzes the ADP-ribosylation of exogenous histones. Based on NH2OH sensitivity, it appeared that the ADP-ribose was attached to arginine residues on proteins. We also observed that the NAD+ concentration in culture medium correlates inversely with the proliferation of rat RT6+ T cells. The data suggest that lymphocyte surface ADP-ribosyltransferases could be involved in signaling and immunoregulatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bortell
- Diabetes Division, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01605, USA
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37
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Abstract
If we are to take seriously the challenge of teaching nursing students skills in critical thinking, as nurse educators we must examine the most difficult issues facing society and nurses. Heterosexism and the resulting homophobia are such issues. This article provides an introduction to the concepts of heterosexism and homophobia and describes how they intersect and are revealed in nursing education. The consequences of heterosexism and homophobia are illustrated using examples from our experiences as lesbian and heterosexual nurse educators. We conclude with an action plan for undermining heterosexism and homophobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Gray
- Georgia State University School of Nursing, Atlanta 30302-4019, USA
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38
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Abstract
A case of generalized maculopapular rash and local indurated plaques following s.c. injections of either low-molecular-weight heparin or conventional (high-molecular-weight) heparin to a 75-year-old woman is reported. This rare reaction is described and the literature to date is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Greiner
- Zentrum der Dermatologie und Venerologie, Abteilung II, Klinikum der J.W. Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main
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39
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Abstract
Since 1983 the administration of phenylalanine combined with UVA exposure (PAUVA) has been a well-known therapy for vitiligo. We have found no retrospective studies on this therapy. To document the long-term results and side effects, we performed a retrospective study on 41 patients who had received PAUVA therapy about 5 years ago. Examination was possible in 25 of the 41 patients, and 11 of them (44%) had permanent repigmentation. Depigmentation either during or after PAUVA therapy was recognized in 16 of the 25 patients (64%). In 52% of cases the patients were satisfied with the therapy and would repeat it; 68% would recommend it. Positive features in prognosis, i.e. indicative of good repigmentation, were vitiligo extending over less than 25% of the body surface, onset of vitiligo before the age of 21, generalized and symmetrical distribution and a long duration of UV therapy. None of our patients developed long-term side effects. PAUVA therapy is demonstrably a therapeutic alternative for certain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Greiner
- Zentrum der Dermatologie und Venerologie Abteilung II, J.W. Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main
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40
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Serreze DV, Leiter EH, Christianson GJ, Greiner D, Roopenian DC. Major histocompatibility complex class I-deficient NOD-B2mnull mice are diabetes and insulitis resistant. Diabetes 1994; 43:505-9. [PMID: 8314025 DOI: 10.2337/diab.43.3.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Specific allelic combinations within the class II region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) represent a major genetic component for susceptibility to autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. We produced and used a stock of NOD/Lt mice congenic for a functionally inactivated beta 2-microglobulin (B2mnull) locus to assess whether there was an absolute requirement for MHC class I expression and/or CD8+ T-cells in diabetogenesis. These NOD-B2mnull mice do not express cell surface MHC class I molecules or produce detectable levels of CD8+ T-cells and are diabetes and insulitis resistant. Previous results from transgenic mouse models indicated that intracellular accumulation of MHC class I molecules negatively affects pancreatic beta-cell function and can result in the development of nonautoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). MHC class I molecules have been shown to accumulate intracellularly in the presence of a disrupted B2m locus, but this mutation does not negatively affect plasma insulin levels in either NOD/Lt mice or in those of a mixed 129 and C57BL/6 genetic background. Interestingly, 14% of the male mice in this mixed background did develop hyperinsulinemia (> 1,500 pM) independent of the disrupted B2m locus, suggesting that these mice could conceivably develop insulin-resistant diabetes. However, none of these mice became diabetic at up to 22 months of age. Thus, elimination of cell surface MHC class I expression with a disrupted B2m gene blocks autoimmune diabetes in NOD/Lt mice, without engendering a separate, distinct form of glucose intolerance.
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41
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Tafuri A, Bowers WE, Handler ES, Appel M, Lew R, Greiner D, Mordes JP, Rossini AA. High stimulatory activity of dendritic cells from diabetes-prone BioBreeding/Worcester rats exposed to macrophage-derived factors. J Clin Invest 1993; 91:2040-8. [PMID: 8486773 PMCID: PMC288202 DOI: 10.1172/jci116426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) present antigen and initiate T cell-mediated immune responses. To investigate the possible association of autoimmunity with DC function, we compared the accessory activity of splenic DC from Wistar/Furth (WF) and diabetes-prone (DP) BioBreeding (BB) rats. The latter develop autoimmune diabetes and thyroiditis. DC function was quantified in vitro by measuring T cell proliferation in mitogen-stimulated and mixed lymphocyte reactions. When purified without macrophage coculture, WF and DP DC displayed similar levels of accessory activity. In contrast, when purified by a method involving coculture with macrophages, DC from DP rats consistently displayed greater accessory activity. This finding could not be explained by morphological or phenotypic differences between DP and WF DC. In accessory activity assays performed after reciprocal DC cocultures with DP and WF macrophages, DP DC exhibited higher accessory activity irrespective of macrophage donor strain. We also compared the accessory activity of WF and DP DC cultured in the presence of conditioned medium and a mixture of IL-1 and GM-CSF. In all assays, DP DC exhibited higher accessory activity. In studies of (WF x DP) F1 hybrids, the high accessory activity of DP DC was observed to be heritable, and studies of WF and DP radiation chimeras indicated that the effect was an intrinsic property of the DP hematopoietic system. We conclude: (a) splenic DC from DP and WF rats possess similar basal levels of accessory potency; (b) after interaction with macrophages, DC of DP origin are capable of greater stimulatory activity than are WF DC; and (c) the mechanism responsible for this phenomenon involves differential responsiveness of DP and WF DC to macrophage-derived factors such as IL-1 and GM-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tafuri
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655
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42
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Andersen E, Barnes PD, Blaes R, Braun H, Brom JM, Castaño B, Cherney M, Cohler M, Diebold GE, Fernández C, Franklin G, Garabatos C, Garzón JA, Geist WM, Greiner D, Gruhn C, Hafidouni M, Hrubec J, Huss D, Jacquot JL, Jones PG, Kuipers JP, Ladrem M, Liko D, Lopez-Ponte S, Lovhoiden G, MacNaughton J, Maher CJ, Michalon A, Michalon-Mentzer ME, Mosquera J, Natkaniec Z, Nelson JM, Neuhofer G, Pló M, Porth P, Powell B, Quinn B, Ramil A, Riester JL, Rohringer H, Sakrejda G, Sakrejda I, Thorsteinsen T, Traxler J, Voltolini C, Yañez A, Yepes P, Zybert R. Target dependence of central rapidity Lambda production in sulfur-nucleus collisions at 200 GeV/c per nucleon. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1992; 46:727-735. [PMID: 9968170 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.46.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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43
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Abstract
The variables in the Skill Acquisition Model (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1988) were used to order observations made in a graduate student clinical supervisory group. Components, perspective, decision, and commitment are the variables and are discussed as they relate to learning beginning skills in the psychotherapy process.
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Affiliation(s)
- E McElroy
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Huntsville, AL 35801
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44
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Gottlieb PA, Berrios JP, Mariani G, Handler ES, Greiner D, Mordes JP, Rossini AA. Autoimmune destruction of islets transplanted into RT6-depleted diabetes-resistant BB/Wor rats. Diabetes 1990; 39:643-5. [PMID: 1970541 DOI: 10.2337/diab.39.5.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel animal model of islet transplantation that distinguishes recurrence of autoimmunity from allograft rejection. In this study, diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rats, less than 1% of which develop spontaneous diabetes, were made hyperglycemic by either a single injection of streptozocin (STZ) or in vivo immune elimination of a regulatory T-lymphocyte subset that expresses the RT6 alloantigen. DR islet grafts were then transplanted into both groups. DR transplants into STZ-induced diabetic DR rats produced long-term normoglycemia. In contrast, DR transplants into DR rats that had been treated with anti-RT6 monoclonal antibody were all destroyed within an average of 4 days. Allogeneic islets transplanted into both STZ-induced and RT6-depleted diabetic DR rats were rejected within a mean of 3 days. We conclude that failure of DR islet grafts in RT6-depleted diabetic DR BB rats represents recurrent autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Gottlieb
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655
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45
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Lefkowith J, Schreiner G, Cormier J, Handler ES, Driscoll HK, Greiner D, Mordes JP, Rossini AA. Prevention of diabetes in the BB rat by essential fatty acid deficiency. Relationship between physiological and biochemical changes. J Exp Med 1990; 171:729-43. [PMID: 2307932 PMCID: PMC2187769 DOI: 10.1084/jem.171.3.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency exerts a striking protective effect in several animal models of autoimmune disease. We now report that EFA deprivation prevents diabetes in the BB rat, an animal model of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In diabetes-prone (DP)-BB rats, the incidences of spontaneous diabetes and insulitis (the pathological substrate of autoimmune diabetes) were greatly reduced by EFA deficiency. This beneficial effect of the deficiency state was also seen in diabetes-resistant (DR)-BB rats that, after treatment with antibody to eliminate RT6+ T cells, would otherwise have become diabetic. The susceptibility of EFA-deprived DP-BB rats to spontaneous diabetes was restored when they were given dietary supplements of linoleate at 70 d of age (during the usual period of susceptibility), but not when they were repleted beginning at 120 d (after the peak incidence of diabetes). EFA deficiency did lead to growth retardation, but calorically restricted control rats demonstrated that the protective effect of the deficiency state was not a function of decreased weight. To examine the relationship between the biochemical changes of EFA deficiency and its physiological effects in this system, we compared the fatty acid changes that occurred in EFA-deficient animals that did and did not develop diabetes. Nondiabetic animals had significantly lower levels of (n-6) fatty acids (i.e., linoleate and arachidonate) and higher levels of oleate, an (n-9) fatty acid, than did diabetic animals. Levels of 20:3(n-9), the fatty acid that uniquely characterizes EFA deficiency, were similar in both groups, however. Among diabetic EFA-deficient rats, the age at onset of diabetes was found to correlate inversely with the level of (n-6) fatty acids, the least depleted animals becoming diabetic earliest, whereas there was no correlation with levels of 20:3(n-9). Among animals repleted with linoleate beginning at 70 d, restoration of susceptibility to diabetes correlated with normalization of the level of arachidonate. In summary, EFA deprivation reduced the frequency of diabetes in both DP and RT6-depleted DR-BB rats. This protective effect was strongly associated with depletion of (n-6) fatty acids, particularly arachidonate, but not with accumulation of the abnormal 20:3(n-9). Conjecturally, arachidonate and/or a metabolite may play a key role in mediating inflammatory injury in this animal model of autoimmune diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lefkowith
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
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46
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Remsberg LP, Tannenbaum MJ, Abbott T, Akiba Y, Alburger D, Beavis D, Betts RR, Bloomer MA, Bond PD, Chasman C, Chu YY, Cole BA, Costales JB, Crawford H, Cumming JB, Debbe R, Duek E, Enge HA, Engelage J, Fung SY, Greiner D, Grodzins L, Gushue S, Hamagaki H, Hansen O, Haustein P, Hayashi S, Homma S, Huang HZ, Ikeda Y, Katcoff S, Kaufman S, Ledoux RJ, Vine MJ, Lindstrom P, Mariscotti MAJ, Miake Y, Morse R, Nagamiya S, Olness J, Parsons C, Sarabura M, Shor A, Steadman SG, Stephans GSF, Sugitate T, Sunyar AW, Tanaka M, Torikoshi M, Dijk JH, Videbaek F, Vincent P, Vulgaris E, Vutsadakis V, Watson WA, Wegner HE, Woodruff DS, Zajc W. Measurement of energy and charged particle emission in the central rapidity region from O+A andp+A collisions at 14.5 GeV/c per nucleon and preliminary results from Si+A collisions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01574512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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47
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Sgroi D, Cohen RN, Lingenheld EG, Strong MK, Binder T, Goldschneider I, Greiner D, Grunnet M, Clark RB. T cell lines derived from the spinal cords of mice with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis are self reactive. J Immunol 1986; 137:1850-4. [PMID: 2427582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of T cell-mediated, central nervous system neuropathology that may be a relevant animal model for multiple sclerosis. EAE is usually induced by sensitization of animals with a xenogeneic myelin basic protein (MBP). Recently, MBP-reactive T cell lines and clones derived from lymphoid tissue of animals with EAE have proved very useful in elucidating certain aspects of the pathogenesis in EAE. However, questions relating to how T cells actually mediate the pathologic changes seen in EAE remain unresolved. We now report for the first time the derivation of long-term, interleukin 2-dependent T cell lines and sublines from a site of pathology in murine EAE--the spinal cord. All of the spinal cord-derived T cell lines and sublines were found to be "autoreactive" in that they responded to self (murine) MBP as well as to the xenogeneic immunogen, porcine MBP. The ability to derive T cell lines and sublines from the spinal cords of mice with EAE should now aid in the elucidation of pathogenetic mechanisms in EAE by allowing for a characterization of those T cells found at the site of pathology.
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48
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Sgroi D, Cohen RN, Lingenheld EG, Strong MK, Binder T, Goldschneider I, Greiner D, Grunnet M, Clark RB. T cell lines derived from the spinal cords of mice with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis are self reactive. The Journal of Immunology 1986. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.137.6.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of T cell-mediated, central nervous system neuropathology that may be a relevant animal model for multiple sclerosis. EAE is usually induced by sensitization of animals with a xenogeneic myelin basic protein (MBP). Recently, MBP-reactive T cell lines and clones derived from lymphoid tissue of animals with EAE have proved very useful in elucidating certain aspects of the pathogenesis in EAE. However, questions relating to how T cells actually mediate the pathologic changes seen in EAE remain unresolved. We now report for the first time the derivation of long-term, interleukin 2-dependent T cell lines and sublines from a site of pathology in murine EAE--the spinal cord. All of the spinal cord-derived T cell lines and sublines were found to be "autoreactive" in that they responded to self (murine) MBP as well as to the xenogeneic immunogen, porcine MBP. The ability to derive T cell lines and sublines from the spinal cords of mice with EAE should now aid in the elucidation of pathogenetic mechanisms in EAE by allowing for a characterization of those T cells found at the site of pathology.
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49
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Whittum J, Goldschneider I, Greiner D, Zurier R. Developmental abnormalities of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase positive bone marrow cells and thymocytes in New Zealand mice: effects of prostaglandin E1. J Immunol 1985; 135:272-80. [PMID: 3873491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme TdT was used as a marker with which to study the ontogeny of primitive lymphopoietic cells in NZ strain mice. A marked accumulation of abnormally large, rapidly proliferating TdT+ cells was seen in the subcapsular region of the thymus cortex in the NZB and NZB/W mice. This abnormal accumulation of TdT+ thymocytes was most pronounced in the NZB/W hybrid and persisted for at least the first 16 wk of life. In addition, significantly elevated percentages of TdT+ bone marrow cells (presumptive prothymocytes) were present in NZB, NZW, and NZB/W mice between 1 and 4 wk of age, with the highest mean peak levels occurring in the NZB strain. Treatment of both normal and adrenalectomized BALB/c and NZB/W mice with pharmacologic doses (7 to 10 mg/kg) of PGE1 caused a marked, dose-dependent decrease in thymus weight and thymus cell number within 12 to 18 hr. Histologic and cell separation studies showed that this was due to the selective depletion of PNA+ TdT+ cortical thymocytes. Similarly, PGE1 caused a reversible, dose-dependent decrease in the percentage of TdT+ bone marrow cells. In contrast, PGF2 alpha, which is not therapeutically active against autoimmunity in NZB/W mice, had no detectable effect on TdT+ bone marrow cells or thymocytes in BALB/c or NZB/W mice. These results directly document the existence of abnormalities in the development of lymphopoietic precursor cells in the bone marrow and thymus cortex of NZ strain mice prior to the onset of autoimmune phenomena. The results also raise the possibility that the therapeutic efficacy of exogenous PGE1 in autoimmune NZ strain mice may be related, at least in part, to its ability to rectify the abnormal development of these early lymphoid cells.
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50
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Whittum J, Goldschneider I, Greiner D, Zurier R. Developmental abnormalities of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase positive bone marrow cells and thymocytes in New Zealand mice: effects of prostaglandin E1. The Journal of Immunology 1985. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.135.1.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The enzyme TdT was used as a marker with which to study the ontogeny of primitive lymphopoietic cells in NZ strain mice. A marked accumulation of abnormally large, rapidly proliferating TdT+ cells was seen in the subcapsular region of the thymus cortex in the NZB and NZB/W mice. This abnormal accumulation of TdT+ thymocytes was most pronounced in the NZB/W hybrid and persisted for at least the first 16 wk of life. In addition, significantly elevated percentages of TdT+ bone marrow cells (presumptive prothymocytes) were present in NZB, NZW, and NZB/W mice between 1 and 4 wk of age, with the highest mean peak levels occurring in the NZB strain. Treatment of both normal and adrenalectomized BALB/c and NZB/W mice with pharmacologic doses (7 to 10 mg/kg) of PGE1 caused a marked, dose-dependent decrease in thymus weight and thymus cell number within 12 to 18 hr. Histologic and cell separation studies showed that this was due to the selective depletion of PNA+ TdT+ cortical thymocytes. Similarly, PGE1 caused a reversible, dose-dependent decrease in the percentage of TdT+ bone marrow cells. In contrast, PGF2 alpha, which is not therapeutically active against autoimmunity in NZB/W mice, had no detectable effect on TdT+ bone marrow cells or thymocytes in BALB/c or NZB/W mice. These results directly document the existence of abnormalities in the development of lymphopoietic precursor cells in the bone marrow and thymus cortex of NZ strain mice prior to the onset of autoimmune phenomena. The results also raise the possibility that the therapeutic efficacy of exogenous PGE1 in autoimmune NZ strain mice may be related, at least in part, to its ability to rectify the abnormal development of these early lymphoid cells.
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