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Da Silva VC, Guerra GCB, Araújo DFDS, De Araújo ER, De Araújo AA, Dantas-Medeiros R, Zanatta AC, Da Silva ILG, De Araújo Júnior RF, Esposito D, Moncada M, Zucolotto SM. Chemopreventive and immunomodulatory effects of phenolic-rich extract of Commiphora leptophloeos against inflammatory bowel disease: Preclinical evidence. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 328:118025. [PMID: 38458342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J.B. Gillet (Burseraceae) is a medicinal plant native to Brazil, popularly known as "imburana". Homemade leaf decoction and maceration were used to treat general inflammatory problems in the Brazilian Northeast population. Our previous research confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of the C. leptophloeos hydroalcoholic leaf extract. AIM OF THE STUDY Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gut with no ideal treatment to maintain the remissive status. This work aimed to characterize the phytochemical composition and physicochemical properties of the C. leptophloeos hydroalcoholic leaf extract and its efficacy in chemopreventive and immunomodulatory responses in inflammatory bowel disease in non-clinical models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mass spectrometry and physicochemical tests determined the phytochemical profile and physicochemical characteristics of the Commiphora leptophloeos (CL) extract. The chemopreventive and immunomodulatory effects of CL extract (50 and 125 μg/mL) were evaluated in vitro in the RAW 264.7 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced cell assay and in vivo in the model of intestinal inflammation induced by 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS) in mice when they were treated with CL extract by intragastric gavage (i.g.) at doses of 300, 400 and 500 mg/kg. RESULTS Phytochemical annotation of CL extract showed a complex phenolic composition, characterized as phenolic acids and flavonoids, and satisfactory physicochemical characteristics. In addition, CL extract maintained the viability of RAW macrophages, reduced ROS and NO production, and negatively regulated COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 (p < 0.05). In the intestinal inflammation model, CL extract was able to downregulate NF-κB p65/COX-2, mTOR, iNOS, IL-17, decrease levels of malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase and cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Based on these findings, CL extract reduced inflammatory responses by down-regulating pro-inflammatory markers in macrophages induced by LPS and DNBS-induced colitis in mice through NF-κB p65/COX-2 signaling. CL leaf extract requires further investigation as a candidate for treating inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Costa Da Silva
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Edilane Rodrigues De Araújo
- Health Sciences Center, Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | - Renato Dantas-Medeiros
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Ana Caroline Zanatta
- Research Center for Natural and Synthetic Products, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Isadora Luisa Gomes Da Silva
- Biosciences Center, Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
| | - Marvin Moncada
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA; Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Health Sciences Center, Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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Satragno C, Barboro M, Alparone A, Fiorella G, Turazzi M, Campora S, Cena SE, Coco A, Esposito D, Ferrero A, Ginulla A, Mastrogiovanni S, Piciche F, Scaffidi C, Tominai C, Cavagnetto F, Zefiro D, Giannelli F, Barra S, Belgioia L. An Innovative Approach to Scalp Segmentation in Pediatric Brain Radiotherapy: An Atlas-Based Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e485-e486. [PMID: 37785534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) This study aims to develop an atlas-based method for segmentation of the scalp in pediatric patients that received brain radiotherapy. The study focuses on the development of a model that utilizes CT scans of pediatric medulloblastoma (MB) patients who underwent craniospinal-irradiation (CSI) and a boost in the posterior cranial fossa (PCF). MATERIALS/METHODS A team of experts created the Alopecia_Hope (A_H) contouring protocol on the CT scan using the 2018 EPTN consensus-based atlas and by defining for the manual adjustments the anatomic bone landmarks to differentiate between the scalp and the facial and neck skin. Using RayStation version 12A-SP1, the system was running his latest available software version at the time of study. Automated scripts were created to identify bone tissue and skin as a subtraction volume between bone and body. The soft tissue CT window was then manually used to increase or decrease the thickness of the skin, following the landmarks outlined in the protocol. The entire head scalp was defined as WScalp (WS), and a duplicate and reduced version was also defined as PCFScalp (PCFS). We randomly chose 40 patients to create both WS and PCF atlas with RayStation and 8 patients were used as testers for both volumes, the patients with major bone changes after neurosurgery were excluded. The contouring time was recorded, the mean time was calculated, and the contouring results were analyzed by experts. Standard similarity metrics of 3D DICE similarity coefficient and mean distance to agreement (MDA) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 52 patients were selected for the study, with a median contouring time of 19 minutes using the guidelines, the A_H protocol and automatic scripting. Three patients were excluded. Of the 8 testers, including both volumes (WS and PCFS), the mean contouring time for the expert operator was 17.5 min. While the contouring undergone by the automatic atlas was 11 min and the mean time of the expert correction was 4.5 min. Considering the work done by the atlas is in background, this resulted in a time savings of 80% for the operator. Table 1 contains mean and one standard deviation data for the metric, both WS and PCFS tested. CONCLUSION Atlas-based self-segmentation and the Alopecia_Hope protocol offer a more efficient and accurate method to identify specific areas of the scalp that may be affected by post-radiotherapy hair loss. This study demonstrates the effectiveness and efficiency in reducing radiotherapy workload and improving accuracy, with possible future application in the prevention of permanent alopecia and in improving the quality of life of patients undergoing whole brain radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Satragno
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Barboro
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - M Turazzi
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Campora
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - S E Cena
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Coco
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - D Esposito
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Ferrero
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Ginulla
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Mastrogiovanni
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Piciche
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Scaffidi
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Tominai
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Cavagnetto
- Medical physics unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - D Zefiro
- Medical physics unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Giannelli
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Barra
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - L Belgioia
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Fargion AT, Falso R, Speziali S, Biancofiore B, Esposito D, Giacomelli E, Dorigo W, Pulli R. Results of current endovascular treatments for visceral artery aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 2023:S0741-5214(23)01148-5. [PMID: 37164237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2023.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This single-centre retrospective cohort study was aimed to analyse the early and long-term results of endovascular treatment for true visceral artery aneurysms. Moreover, a comparison with the results of our previously published historical series of open surgical procedures was performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2008 to December 2021, 78 consecutive patients were treated at our institution for true visceral artery aneurysms. All demographic data, procedural details, perioperative outcomes, and follow-up data were prospectively collected from a dedicated database. A retrospective analysis identified 72 patients who underwent endovascular surgery. Early results were analysed in terms of technical success, conversion to open surgery, mortality, and local and systemic morbidities. Follow-up results were analysed in terms of survival, need for open or endovascular reintervention, and freedom from complications at the level of the treated visceral artery. These results were then compared with those of our historical open surgical group (1982-2007), which included 54 interventions. RESULTS In four cases, the planned endovascular procedure could not be completed, and the overall technical success rate was 94.5%. No deaths occurred during the hospital stay or 30 days after surgery. Overall, the 30-day perioperative complication rate was 5.8%, with an early reintervention rate of 2.9%. The median follow-up time was 29 months (1-132 months). The estimated 7-year survival rate was 88% (standard error, SE 0.05). The estimated 7-year aneurysm-related complication-free rate was 85.5% (SE 0.06), with reintervention-free and aneurysm-related complication-free survival rates of 93.3% (SE 0.04) and 75.6% (SE 0.07), respectively. At the 7-year follow-up, the survival rate was similar between the endovascular and open groups. There was a trend towards a higher aneurysm-related complication rate in the endovascular group than in the open group (14.5% vs. 6.4%, p=0.07). However, no significant differences in reintervention-free and overall estimated aneurysm-related complication-free survival rates were found between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Endovascular repair is safe and effective in patients with visceral artery aneurysms, with low perioperative complication rates. The long-term outcomes were satisfactory and comparable with those of the historical series of open surgical repairs. Even if there is a trend towards a higher risk of late aneurysm-related complications among endovascular patients, it does not imply an increased need for late reinterventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Fargion
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - R Falso
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - S Speziali
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - B Biancofiore
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - D Esposito
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - E Giacomelli
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - W Dorigo
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - R Pulli
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
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Esposito D, Ascione C, Belli S, Servetto A, Formisano L, Bianco R. 200P Dissecting mechanisms of resistance to new generation selective RET inhibitors in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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da Silva ECS, Bernardo Guerra GC, de Araújo ERD, Schlamb J, da Silva VC, de Aragão Tavares E, Dantas-Medeiros R, Abreu LS, Fechine Tavares J, de Araújo Júnior RF, Esposito D, Moncada M, Maria Zucolotto S. Phenolic-rich extract of Nopalea cochenillifera attenuates gastric lesions induced in experimental models through inhibiting oxidative stress, modulating inflammatory markers and a cytoprotective effect. Food Funct 2023; 14:3242-3258. [PMID: 36928439 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03735a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Nopalea cochenillifera (Cactaceae), popularly known as "palma" or "palma doce", is from Mexico, but it was widely introduced in Brazil through crops. It has been used as food and in traditional medicine and is a good source of phenolic compounds. In this study the phytochemical profile and gastroprotective activity of phenolic-rich extract of N. cochenillifera in acute gastric lesion models induced by ethanol and indomethacin were evaluated. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI/MSn) allowed the characterization of 12 compounds such as sugars, phenolics and flavonoids. Among polyphenols, the main peak was assigned to isorhamnetin-3-O-(2'',3''-O-di-rhamnose)-glucoside. The TPC and TFC in the dry extract were 67.85 mg of gallic acid equivalent per g/extract and 46.16 mg quercetin equivalent per g/extract, respectively. In the in vitro MTT assay, the extract showed no cytotoxicity and suppressed ROS levels in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Preclinical models in rats showed that a dose of 100 mg kg-1 (p < 0.0001) in the ethanol model and doses of 100 mg kg-1 (p < 0.5) and 200 mg kg-1 (p < 0.01) in the indomethacin model reduced the gastric lesions. Also, the extract reduced the MPO, MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β levels and increased the GSH and IL-10 levels. The pre-treatment with the extract led to the upregulation of SOD and the downregulation of COX-2 by immunohistochemical analysis. It also showed a cytoprotective effect in the histopathological analysis and stimulated the restoration of the mucus content as observed in the periodic acid-Schiff analysis without modifying the pH, volume or total acidity of the gastric juice. Taken together, N. cochenillifera extract can be applied as a novel gastroprotective ingredient for food or pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. .,Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | | | - Jade Schlamb
- Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Morphology Department, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. .,Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
| | - Valéria Costa da Silva
- Graduate Program in Drug Development and Technological Innovation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Emanuella de Aragão Tavares
- Graduate Program in Drug Development and Technological Innovation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Renato Dantas-Medeiros
- Graduate Program in Drug Development and Technological Innovation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Silva Abreu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Morphology Department, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA. .,Department of Animal Science, NC State University, 120 Broughton Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.
| | - Marvin Moncada
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA. .,Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil. .,Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. .,Graduate Program in Drug Development and Technological Innovation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. .,Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. .,Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
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Gigliotti F, Di Santo F, Cesario S, Esposito D, Manti F, Galosi S, Ferrara M, Leuzzi V, Baglioni V. Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures and functional motor disorders in developmental age: A comparison of clinical and psychopathological features. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 140:109117. [PMID: 36804846 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES) and Functional Motor Disorders (FMDs) commonly represent the main clinical manifestations of Functional Neurological Disorders (FNDs). Despite their high prevalence in pediatric neurological services, literature on this topic is still spare for this population. The present study aimed to deepen the clinical knowledge of a pediatric FNDs sample through a demographic and clinical characterization of the most recurrent clinical patterns during the pediatric age. Moreover, a comparison of neuropsychological and psychopathological profiles of PNES and FMD patients was carried out to identify specific vulnerabilities and therapeutic targets linked with these different clinical manifestations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 43 FNDs patients (age range 7-17 years old) were retrospectively included in our study, enrolled in two subgroups: 20 with FMDs and 23 with PNES diagnosis. They were inpatients and outpatients referred over a period of 5 years and a standardized neurological, neuropsychological (WISC-IV/WAIS-IV), and psychiatric (CDI-2, MASC-2, ADES, DIS-Q, PID-5) evaluation was assessed. RESULTS In PNES patients the most common clinical phenotypes were functional tonic-clonic (52%) and atonic (32%) manifestations while in the FMDs group were gait alterations (60%), functional myoclonus (35%), and tremor (35%). A higher frequency of cognitive impairment was reported in PNES patients with higher anxiety-depressive symptom rates than FMDs patients. CONCLUSIONS Notably, specific neurocognitive and psychopathological profiles were described in PNES and FMDs, highlighting higher cognitive and psychiatric vulnerabilities in PNES, suggesting as well different strategy for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gigliotti
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - F Di Santo
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - S Cesario
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - D Esposito
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - F Manti
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - S Galosi
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - M Ferrara
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - V Leuzzi
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - V Baglioni
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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Araújo ERD, Xavier-Santos JB, da Silva VC, de Lima JBF, Schlamb J, Fernandes-Pedrosa MDF, da Silva Júnior AA, de Araújo Júnior RF, Rathinasabapathy T, Moncada M, Esposito D, Guerra GCB, Zucolotto SM. Gel formulated with Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extract promotes skin wound healing in vivo by increasing VEGF expression: A novel potential active ingredient for pharmaceuticals. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1104705. [PMID: 36712663 PMCID: PMC9877235 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1104705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bryophyllum pinnatum (Crassulaceae) is used in traditional medicine for treating skin wounds. In our previous study, a topical gel containing B. pinnatum aqueous leaf extract showed a preclinical anti-inflammatory effect in in vivo acute edema models. In continuation, the present study aims to evaluate the phytochemical content and the stability of a formulation in gel containing B. pinnatum aqueous leaf extract and its healing properties and mechanism of action through an experimental model of induction of skin wounds in rats and in vitro assays. The animals were treated topically for 7 or 14 days with a formulation in gel containing extract at 5% or a placebo or Fibrinase® in cream. In addition, to establish some quality control parameters, the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and a study focusing on the phytochemical and biological stability of a gel for 30 days at two different conditions (room temperature and 40°C/75% RH) were performed. Gel formulation containing extract showed a TPC and TFC of 2.77 ± 0.06 mg of gallic acid/g and 1.58 ± 0.03 mg of quercetin/g, respectively. Regarding the stability study, the formulation in gel showed no significant change in the following parameters: pH, water activity, chromatographic profile, and the content of the major compound identified in the extract. The gel formulation containing extract stimulated skin wound healing while reducing the wound area, as well as decreasing the inflammatory infiltrate, reducing the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α, and stimulating angiogenesis with increased expression of VEGF, an effect similar to Fibrinase. In conclusion, the gel formulation containing extract exhibited relevant skin wound healing properties and, therefore, has the potential to be applied as a novel active ingredient for developing wound healing pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edilane Rodrigues Dantas Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil,Department of Pharmacy, Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jacinthia Beatriz Xavier-Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,Biotechnology and Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Valéria Costa da Silva
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,Postgraduate Program in Drug Development and Technological Innovation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Jade Schlamb
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,Biotechnology and Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,Postgraduate Program in Drug Development and Technological Innovation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Arnóbio Antônio da Silva Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil,Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,Biotechnology and Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,Postgraduate Program in Drug Development and Technological Innovation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil,Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Morphology Department, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Marvin Moncada
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States,Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States,Department of Animal Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil,Department of Pharmacy, Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,Postgraduate Program in Drug Development and Technological Innovation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States,*Correspondence: Silvana Maria Zucolotto,
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Xiong J, Bonney S, Gonçalves RV, Esposito D. Brassinosteroids control the inflammation, oxidative stress and cell migration through the control of mitochondrial function on skin regeneration. Life Sci 2022; 307:120887. [PMID: 35985505 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brassinosteroids (BRs) are the class of phytohormones with great importance in agriculture and potential diverse effects on human welfare, including skin disease treatment. In this sense, BRs are a promising tool for promoting skin regeneration. AIMS Therefore, the objective of the present work was to analyze the effect of BRs in wound repair, mainly the inflammatory and proliferative phases, and their influence on migratory abilities in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa), and consequently understand the mitochondrial metabolism. MAIN METHODS We measured nine natural and synthetic BRs for the inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. We further evaluated the migration activity in HDFa modeling promotion of wound closure after BRs exposure. In addition, we evaluated the 84 gene profiles linked to wound healing response using RT2 Profiler PCR Array and examined cellular bioenergetics using an extracellular flux analyzer. KEY FINDINGS Results showed that LPS-induced cells had around 10 % lower reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide accumulation when treated with some BRs compounds. HDFa treated with homobrassinolide-based and homocastasterone-based compounds resulted in the greatest migratory activity and presents the best results for mitochondrial responses. SIGNIFICANCE Together, these results provided strong evidence for BRs' ability to promote skin health, particularly through contributions to both reducing excessive oxidative stress and controlling the inflammation process resulting in the best HDFa cell migration through the control of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xiong
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; Department of Animal Science, NC State University, 120 Broughton Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Sierra Bonney
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; Department of Animal Science, NC State University, 120 Broughton Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Reggiani Vilela Gonçalves
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Avenida Ph. Rolfs, 36.570-000, MG, Brazil.
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; Department of Animal Science, NC State University, 120 Broughton Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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9
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Mandarino FV, Barchi A, Biamonte P, Esposito D, Azzolini F, Fanti L, Danese S. The prophylactic use of endoscopic vacuum therapy for anastomotic dehiscence after rectal anterior resection: is it feasible for redo surgery? Tech Coloproctol 2022; 26:319-320. [PMID: 34981274 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-021-02566-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F V Mandarino
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - A Barchi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - P Biamonte
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - D Esposito
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Azzolini
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - L Fanti
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - S Danese
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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10
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Soons E, Rath T, Hazewinkel Y, van Dop WA, Esposito D, Testoni PA, Siersema PD. Real-time colorectal polyp detection using a novel computer-aided detection system (CADe): a feasibility study. Int J Colorectal Dis 2022; 37:2219-2228. [PMID: 36163514 PMCID: PMC9560918 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-022-04258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Colonoscopy aims to early detect and remove precancerous colorectal polyps, thereby preventing development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, computer-aided detection (CADe) systems have been developed to assist endoscopists in polyp detection during colonoscopy. The aim of this study was to investigate feasibility and safety of a novel CADe system during real-time colonoscopy in three European tertiary referral centers. METHODS Ninety patients undergoing colonoscopy assisted by a real-time CADe system (DISCOVERY; Pentax Medical, Tokyo, Japan) were prospectively included. The CADe system was turned on only at withdrawal, and its output was displayed on secondary monitor. To study feasibility, inspection time, polyp detection rate (PDR), adenoma detection rate (ADR), sessile serrated lesion (SSL) detection rate (SDR), and the number of false positives were recorded. To study safety, (severe) adverse events ((S)AEs) were collected. Additionally, user friendliness was rated from 1 (worst) to 10 (best) by endoscopists. RESULTS Mean inspection time was 10.8 ± 4.3 min, while PDR was 55.6%, ADR 28.9%, and SDR 11.1%. The CADe system users estimated that < 20 false positives occurred in 81 colonoscopy procedures (90%). No (S)AEs related to the CADe system were observed during the 30-day follow-up period. User friendliness was rated as good, with a median score of 8/10. CONCLUSION Colonoscopy with this novel CADe system in a real-time setting was feasible and safe. Although PDR and SDR were high compared to previous studies with other CADe systems, future randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these detection rates. The high SDR is of particular interest since interval CRC has been suggested to develop frequently through the serrated neoplasia pathway. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered in the Dutch Trial Register (reference number: NL8788).
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Soons
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - T. Rath
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Gastroenterology, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence, Erlangen Nuernberg, Germany
| | - Y. Hazewinkel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - W. A. van Dop
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - D. Esposito
- Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - P. A. Testoni
- Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - P. D. Siersema
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Vagge S, Esposito D, Tramontano D, Corvò R, Angelucci E, Dominietto A. PO-1076 Hypofractionated Total Marrow Irradiation in second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantats. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Calugi G, Dorigo W, Capone A, Esposito D, Giacomelli E, Pratesi C. Acute limb ischemia due to ONYX 34 migration during embolization of a traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the superficial femoral artery. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab231. [PMID: 34104410 PMCID: PMC8177964 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudo-aneurysms of the arteries of the lower limbs are a possible complication of leg trauma. Complications include rupture, infection, pain and distal embolization. This is a case of a 24-year-old man hospitalized after a car accident, in which we discovered a 1-cm large pseudo-aneurysm of the right superficial femoral artery. The pseudo-aneurysm in first place was treated by the interventional-radiologist for an endovascular repair by embolization with ONYX 34, but during the procedure the copolymer embolized in the arterial axe with complete obstruction of blood-flow in the lower limb. An urgent open surgical revascularization was then attempted by our team with the result of complete patency of the femoro-popliteal axis and of the tibial vessels. Embolization with ONYX is an effective and safe method, but it is susceptible to this type of complication for larger pseudo-aneurysms, where it is required an introduction of a larger quantity of polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Calugi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - W Dorigo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A Capone
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - D Esposito
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - E Giacomelli
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - C Pratesi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Xiong J, Matta FV, Grace M, Lila MA, Ward NI, Felipe-Sotelo M, Esposito D. Phenolic content, anti-inflammatory properties, and dermal wound repair properties of industrially processed and non-processed acai from the Brazilian Amazon. Food Funct 2021; 11:4903-4914. [PMID: 32495808 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo03109j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acai fruit is recognized for its health promoting properties. However, there is still a need to address the effects of industrial processing on this fruit. In this study, phenolic content, anti-inflammatory properties and dermal wound repair properties of 20 acai samples, before and after industrial processing, from various Amazon regions were investigated. Acai pulp was rich in total phenolics (18.9-58.8 mg g-1) and proanthocyanins (9.8-43.1 mg g-1), but contained trace anthocyanins (up to 0.1 mg g-1). Industrially processed samples lost substantial amounts of proanthocyanidins (up to 83.2%), while the anthocyanins inherently present were greatly enriched after processing (20-fold higher). Non-processed acai pulp extracts protected against early inflammation response which was correlated with proanthocyanidins, by significantly inhibiting nitric oxide production and suppressing pro-inflammatory gene expression including interleukin-1β, cyclooxygenase-2, nitric oxide synthase, and interleukin-6. The promotion of dermal wound repair of acai seed and pulp extracts was mainly contributed by anthocyanins and other bioactive compounds. The anti-inflammatory effect was diminished but wound healing effect was retained after pulp processing, suggesting the processing technology needs to be improved to maintain biological properties of acai fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xiong
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA. and Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA and Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Fernanda V Matta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU27XH, UK
| | - Mary Grace
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Neil I Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU27XH, UK
| | | | - Debora Esposito
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA. and Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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14
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Fabrazzo M, Accardo G, Abbondandolo I, Goglia G, Esposito D, Sampogna G, Catapano F, Giugliano D, Pasquali D. Quality of life in Klinefelter patients on testosterone replacement therapy compared to healthy controls: an observational study on the impact of psychological distress, personality traits, and coping strategies. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1053-1063. [PMID: 32865776 PMCID: PMC8049912 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01400-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to verify if 1 year-testosterone-replacement therapy could produce a psychopathological recovery and a satisfactory quality of life in Klinefelter syndrome (KS) patients compared to matched healthy controls. Further, we analyzed personality traits and coping strategies, an issue not yet examined in androgen-treated KS patients. We also enquired whether any of the sociodemographic and psychological variables might predict a patient's general and sexual life satisfaction. METHODS The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised were administered to both 23 KS patients and matched healthy subjects. Psychopathology was investigated by the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and the Mini-mental State Examination. The COPE Inventory was used to identify cognitive and behavioral strategies to manage disease-related distress. RESULTS In testosterone-treated KS patients, when compared with controls, SCL-90-R subscales analysis evidenced high psychological distress, mainly presented as obsessive thoughts, hanger-hostility, phobias, and psychoticism. Self-directedness and self-transcendence, along with the prevalent use of emotion-focused coping strategies, outlined the personality of our KS patients. Depression and somatization proved to be predictors of general life dissatisfaction. Depression, anger-hostility, and paranoid ideation, instead, emerged as predictors of sexual life dissatisfaction. CONCLUSION Endocrinologists should cooperate with mental health providers to foster a better outcome of the disease in KS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fabrazzo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - G Accardo
- Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - I Abbondandolo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - G Goglia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - D Esposito
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - G Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - F Catapano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - D Giugliano
- Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - D Pasquali
- Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy.
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15
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Pasquali D, Torella A, Accardo G, Esposito D, Del Vecchio Blanco F, Salvatore D, Sabatino P, Pacini F, Barbato F, Castagna MG, Cantara S, Nigro V. BROX haploinsufficiency in familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:165-171. [PMID: 32385852 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01286-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) is suspected to be a Mendelian condition in up to 3-8% of thyroid cancers. The susceptibility chromosomal loci and genes of 95% of FNMTC cases remain to be characterized. The inheritance of FNMTC appears to be autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. The finding of the causative gene of FNMTC and the identification of patients at risk that need genetic testing were our aim. METHODS We analyzed by whole-exome sequencing patients and non-affected relatives of five families with at least two family members affected by papillary thyroid cancer, selecting for new or extremely rare variants with predicted pathogenic value. RESULTS A family showed, in all three affected members, a new loss-of-function variant (frameshift deletion) in BROX gene at 1q41 that was absent from all internal and external databases. In a second family with three affected relatives, we found an additional new BROX variant. The smaller families presented no variants in BROX or in the other causative genes studied. CONCLUSIONS BROX could be a new causative gene for FNMTC. Variants in BROX may result in the haploinsufficiency of a key gene involved in the morphogenesis of MVBs, in the endosomal sorting of cargo proteins, and in EGFR. Functional studies are needed to support this result. The thorough genomic analysis by NGS in all families with three or more affected members should become a routine approach to obtain a comprehensive genetic view and find confirmative second cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pasquali
- Department of Medical and Surgical Advanced Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - A Torella
- Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, University of Campania"Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - G Accardo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Advanced Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - D Esposito
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - F Del Vecchio Blanco
- Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, University of Campania"Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - D Salvatore
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - P Sabatino
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, Naples, Italy
| | - F Pacini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - F Barbato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M G Castagna
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - S Cantara
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - V Nigro
- Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, University of Campania"Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
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16
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Lall N, Mahomoodally MF, Esposito D, Steenkamp V, Zengin G, Steyn A, Oosthuizen CB. Editorial: Cosmeceuticals From Medicinal Plants. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1149. [PMID: 32848760 PMCID: PMC7403217 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Namrita Lall
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | | | - Debora Esposito
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Vanessa Steenkamp
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Aimee Steyn
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Carel B Oosthuizen
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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17
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Di R, Murray AF, Xiong J, Esposito D, Komarnytsky S, Gianfagna TJ, Munafo JP. Lily steroidal glycoalkaloid promotes early inflammatory resolution in wounded human fibroblasts. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 258:112766. [PMID: 32194231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The bulbs and flowers of plants from the Lilium genus have historically been used in Asian and Greco-Roman medicine to treat burns and promote skin healing. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate a steroidal glycoalkaloid isolated from Easter lily bulbs for its potential wound healing promoting properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS A lily-derived steroidal glycoalkaloid (LSGA), (22R, 25R)-spirosol-5-en-3β-yl O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranoside, was isolated from Easter lily bulbs, and its structure was confirmed by LC-MS and NMR spectrometry. LSGA effects on wound scratch closure were evaluated in a primary human dermal fibroblast cell culture, and the changes in gene expression profiles were quantitated using an 84 wound-related gene qPCR microarray. RESULTS LSGA promoted migration of dermal fibroblasts into the wounded area. The treatment was associated with a rapid upregulation of early inflammatory (CD40LG, CXCL11, IFNG, IL10, IL2 and IL4), cell growth (CSF3 and TNF) and remodeling (CTSG, F13A1, FGA, MMP and PLG) genes both in the wounded and unwounded cells treated with LSGA. A selective decrease in gene expression profiles associated with inflammatory (CXCL2 and CCL7) and remodeling (MMP7 and PLAT) phases was observed in wounded cells treated with LSGA, in contrast to the wounded cells (control). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that a glycoalkaloid present in lilies promoted fibroblast migration in vitro and affected inflammatory, remodeling and growth factor gene expression. The decreases in expression of key genes may impact the wound healing process, possibly contributing to an earlier end of the inflammatory response and shortening the early phases of model tissue reconstitution. The results of this preliminary investigation may provide a basis for the historical use of lily bulbs to promote dermal healing after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Di
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 59 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Anne F Murray
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Jia Xiong
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Thomas J Gianfagna
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 59 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - John P Munafo
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
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Palmieri S, Rocco S, Vitagliano O, Catalano L, Cerchione C, Vincelli ID, Scopelliti A, Gentile M, Farina G, Barone M, Gagliardi A, Esposito D, Arcamone M, Amico V, Fontana R, Sementa A, Sica A, Svanera G, Pane F, Ferrara F. KRD (carfilzomib and lenalidomide plus dexamethasone) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma in the real-life: a retrospective survey in 123 patients. Ann Hematol 2020; 99:2903-2909. [PMID: 32583088 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
From April 2016, carfilzomib, in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (KRD), became available for use in the daily practice in Italy for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). We performed a retrospective survey at 14 different institutions from Southern Italy in order to evaluate patient characteristics and treatment results from an unselected series of patients treated accordingly so far. One hundred and twenty-three consecutive patients were included, with a median of 2 previous lines of therapy (range 1-9) and a median age of 63 years (range 39-82). At the time of analysis, median number of courses administered is 11 (range 1-34), and all patients are evaluable for response. Overall response rate including complete remission, very good partial remission, and partial remission is 85%. After a median follow-up of 27 months, median overall and progression-free survival are 33 and 23 months, respectively. Sixty-three patients are alive and between them, 45 (37%) are in continuous remission. Sixty patients have died (49%), mainly from progressive disease. There were 6 treatment-related deaths (5% of the whole patient population). Overall, hematological and non-hematological toxicity were manageable, mostly on outpatient basis. Arterial hypertension has been observed in 43 cases (35%) but did not lead to treatment interruption. Our data demonstrate that in real life, KRD is highly effective and well tolerated in the majority of patients with RRMM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Rocco
- Hematology, "Cardarelli" Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - O Vitagliano
- Hematology, "Cardarelli" Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - L Catalano
- Hematology, AUOP "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - C Cerchione
- Hematology, AUOP "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - I D Vincelli
- Hematology Unit, "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli" Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - A Scopelliti
- Hematology Unit, "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli" Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - M Gentile
- Onco-Hematology, Hematology Unit, AO of Cosenza, Italy
| | - G Farina
- Onco-Hematology, "S. Anna e S. Sebastiano" Hospital, Caserta, Italy
| | - M Barone
- Onco-Hematology, "Tortora" Hospital, Pagani, SA, Italy
| | - A Gagliardi
- Hematology, "Santa Maria di Loreto Nuovo" Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - D Esposito
- Hematology, "San Giuseppe Moscati" Hospital, Aversa, CE, Italy
| | - M Arcamone
- Hematology/Oncology and SCT Unit, National Cancer Institute, Fondazione "Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - V Amico
- Hematology, "Rummo" Hospital, Benevento, Italy
| | - R Fontana
- Hematology, AOU "Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - A Sementa
- Hematology and SCT Unit, "San Giuseppe Moscati" Hospital, Avellino, Italy
| | - A Sica
- Onco-Hematology, AOU "Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - G Svanera
- Hematology, "San Giuliano" Hospital, Giugliano in Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - F Pane
- Hematology, AUOP "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - F Ferrara
- Hematology, "Cardarelli" Hospital, Naples, Italy
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Rovini E, Moschetti A, Fiorini L, Esposito D, Maremmani C, Cavallo F. Wearable Sensors for Prodromal Motor Assessment of Parkinson's Disease using Supervised Learning. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2020; 2019:4318-4321. [PMID: 31946823 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8856804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by disabling motor and non-motor symptoms. Idiopathic hyposmia (IH), a reduced olfactory sensitivity, is a preclinical marker for the pathology and affects >95% of PD patients. In this paper, SensHand V1 and SensFoot V2, two inertial wearable sensors for upper and lower limbs, were developed to acquire motion data in ten tasks of the MDS-UPDRS III. Fifteen healthy subjects of control, 15 IH people, and 15 PD patients were enrolled. Seventy-one parameters per side were computed by spatiotemporal and frequency data analysis, and the most significant were selected to distinguish among the different classes. Performances of supervised learning algorithms (i.e., Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF)) were compared on two-group and three-group classification and considering upper and lower limbs separately or together as a full system. Excellent results were obtained for healthy vs. patients classification (accuracy 1.00 for RF, and 0.97 for SVM), and good results were achieved by including IH subjects (0.92 F-measure with RF) within a three-group classification. Overall, the best performances were obtained using the full system with an RF classifier. The system is, thus, suitable to support an objective PD diagnosis. Furthermore, combining motion analysis with a validated olfactory screening test, people at risk for PD can be appropriately analyzed, and subtle changes in motor performance that characterize the prodromal phase and the early PD onset can be identified.
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Balercia G, Bonomi M, Giagulli VA, Lanfranco F, Rochira V, Giambersio A, Accardo G, Esposito D, Allasia S, Cangiano B, De Vincentis S, Condorelli RA, Calogero A, Pasquali D. Thyroid function in Klinefelter syndrome: a multicentre study from KING group. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:1199-1204. [PMID: 30912057 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-01037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prevalence and the etiopathogenesis of thyroid dysfunctions in Klinefelter syndrome (KS) are still unclear. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the pathogenetic role of hypogonadism in the thyroid disorders described in KS, with the scope to distinguish between patients with KS and hypogonadism due to other causes (Kallmann syndrome, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, iatrogenic hypogonadism and acquired hypogonadotropic hypogonadism after surgical removal of pituitary adenomas) called non-KS. Therefore, we evaluated thyroid function in KS and in non-KS hypogonadal patients. METHODS This is a case-control multicentre study from KING group: Endocrinology clinics in university-affiliated medical centres. One hundred and seventy four KS, and sixty-two non-KS hypogonadal men were enrolled. The primary outcome was the prevalence of thyroid diseases in KS and in non-KS. Changes in hormonal parameters were evaluated. Exclusion criterion was secondary hypothyroidism. Analyses were performed using Student's t test. Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square test. RESULTS FT4 was significantly lower in KS vs non-KS. KS and non-KS presented similar TSH and testosterone levels. Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) was diagnosed in 7% of KS. Five KS developed hypothyroidism. The ratio FT3/FT4 was similar in both groups. TSH index was 1.9 in KS and 2.3 in non-KS. Adjustment for differences in age, sample size and concomitant disease in multivariate models did not alter the results. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated in KS no etiopathogenic link to hypogonadism or change in the set point of thyrotrophic control in the altered FT4 production. The prevalence of HT in KS was similar to normal male population, showing absence of increased risk of HT associated with the XXY karyotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Balercia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Bonomi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - V A Giagulli
- Outpatient Clinic for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Conversano Hospital, Conversano, Bari, Italy
| | - F Lanfranco
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - V Rochira
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Modena, Ospedale Civile Di Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
| | - A Giambersio
- Healt Center "Maria Teresa Di Calcutta, Potenza, Italy
| | - G Accardo
- Department of Advanced Medical And Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - D Esposito
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Allasia
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - B Cangiano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - S De Vincentis
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Modena, Ospedale Civile Di Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
| | - R A Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Policlinico "G. Rodolico", Catania, Italy
| | - A Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Policlinico "G. Rodolico", Catania, Italy
| | - D Pasquali
- Department of Advanced Medical And Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
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Esposito D, Overall J, Grace MH, Komarnytsky S, Lila MA. Alaskan Berry Extracts Promote Dermal Wound Repair Through Modulation of Bioenergetics and Integrin Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1058. [PMID: 31611784 PMCID: PMC6776586 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Various wild berry species endemic to Alaska and the circumpolar North that exhibit unique medicinal properties have long been appreciated by indigenous Arctic communities. Traditional use of Alaskan berry preparations in the treatment of skin wounds is recorded but has not been scientifically evaluated. Alaskan wild berries feature diverse phytochemical compositions that contain a variety of bioactive polyphenols exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, making them ideal for wound healing interventions and natural anti-aging cosmeceutical formulations. Given increasing interest in identifying biologically active plant constituents for wound care and cosmeceutical applications, the objective of this study was to screen several wild berry species endemic to Alaska and the circumpolar Artic for wound healing and in the crude, polyphenol-enriched, and further fractionated extracts of: Empetrum nigrum (crowberry), Vaccinium uliginosum (bog blueberry), and V. vitis-idaea (low-bush cranberry or lingonberry). A cell migration assay with human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa) was performed to model promotion of wound closure, revealing that bog blueberry extract most actively promoted migration, whereas divergent effects observed with other berry extracts were related to compositional disparities. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory response variables measured in RAW 264.7 macrophages [reactive oxygen species (ROS), NO production, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression] were suppressed by most extracts/fractions, but especially bog blueberry and proanthocyanidin (PAC) fractions. Wild berry germplasm contained abundant complex flavonoid structures such as PAC and anthocyanins (ANCs), associated with enhanced repair and inflammatory resolution in these models. Next, underlying mechanisms by which PACs and bioactive metabolites (B2 dimer and epicatechin) could influence wound repair and tissue regeneration were examined. PAC metabolites promoted scratch-wound closure and appeared to exert the highest impacts on early stages of wound healing through stimulating mitochondrial bioenergetics (basal respiration, ATP production, and maximum respiratory capacity) and upregulating expression of important extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (integrin-ß1 and collagen type I α2 chain). Targeting cellular bioenergetics and integrin-mediated cell–ECM signaling with bioactives from Alaskan wild berries shows considerable therapeutic promise to treat chronic skin wounds and inflammatory skin disorders, as well as more generally to support regenerative healing responses and restore function in a variety of tissue and organ settings after injury or aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Esposito
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States.,Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - John Overall
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States.,Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Mary H Grace
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States.,Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States.,Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States.,Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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Van de Velde F, Esposito D, Overall J, Méndez‐Galarraga MP, Grace M, Élida Pirovani M, Lila MA. Changes in the bioactive properties of strawberries caused by the storage in oxygen- and carbon dioxide-enriched atmospheres. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:2527-2536. [PMID: 31428340 PMCID: PMC6694424 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The changes in the antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing properties of strawberry fruits as a consequence of the storage in atmospheres enriched in oxygen and carbon dioxide were investigated. Berries were exposed to two different gas compositions: 70% O2 + 20% CO2 and 90% O2 + 10% CO2, and stored for up to 20 days at 5°C. The antioxidant capacity, assessed through DPPH and FRAP methods, decreased around 17% in samples exposed to 70% O2 + 20% CO2 at day 20. However, the antioxidant activity of fruits stored in 90% O2 + 10% CO2 was maintained until day 20 and experienced an increase of around 10% on day 10. Moreover, strawberry stored in 90% O2 + 10% CO2 at days 5-10 showed an improved suppression of the pro-inflammatory genes Cox-2 and iNOS up to 30% higher than samples at day 0 in an in vitro LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage culture. In addition, berries exposed to 90% O2 + 10% CO2 at day 10 showed a human dermal fibroblast migration 30% higher than samples at day 0 in an in vitro skin-fibroblast-migration model. Therefore, evidence suggests that strawberry storage in 90% O2 + 10% CO2 can be a promissory alternative to offer fruits with enhanced bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Van de Velde
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Instituto de Tecnología de AlimentosUniversidad Nacional del LitoralSanta FeArgentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Santa FeArgentina
| | - Debora Esposito
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, Plants for Human Health InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityKannapolisNorth Carolina
- Department of Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth Carolina
| | - John Overall
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, Plants for Human Health InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityKannapolisNorth Carolina
| | - María Paula Méndez‐Galarraga
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Instituto de Tecnología de AlimentosUniversidad Nacional del LitoralSanta FeArgentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Santa FeArgentina
| | - Mary Grace
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, Plants for Human Health InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityKannapolisNorth Carolina
| | - María Élida Pirovani
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Instituto de Tecnología de AlimentosUniversidad Nacional del LitoralSanta FeArgentina
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, Plants for Human Health InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityKannapolisNorth Carolina
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Rovini E, Fiorini L, Esposito D, Maremmani C, Cavallo F. Fine Motor Assessment With Unsupervised Learning For Personalized Rehabilitation in Parkinson Disease. IEEE Int Conf Rehabil Robot 2019; 2019:1167-1172. [PMID: 31374787 DOI: 10.1109/icorr.2019.8779543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorders characterized by motor and non-motor impairments. Since the quality of life of PD patients becomes poor while pathology develops, it is imperative to improve the identification of personalized rehabilitation and treatments approaches based on the level of the neurodegeneration process. Objective and precise assessment of the severity of the pathology is crucial to identify the most appropriate treatments. In this context, this paper proposes a wearable system able to measure the motor performance of PD subjects. Two inertial devices were used to capture the motion of the lower and upper limbs respectively, while performing six motor tasks. Forty-one kinematic features were extracted from the inertial signals to describe the performance of each subjects. Three unsupervised learning algorithms (k-Means, Self-organizing maps (SOM) and hierarchical clustering) were applied with a blind approach to group the motor performance. The results show that SOM was the best classifier since it reached accuracy equal to 0.950 to group the instances in two classes (mild vs advanced), and 0.817 considering three classes (mild vs moderate vs severe). Therefore, this system enabled objective assessment of the PD severity through motion analysis, allowing the evaluation of residual motor capabilities and fostering personalized paths for PD rehabilitation and assistance.
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24
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Walter KR, Lin X, Jacobi SK, Käser T, Esposito D, Odle J. Dietary arachidonate in milk replacer triggers dual benefits of PGE 2 signaling in LPS-challenged piglet alveolar macrophages. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2019; 10:13. [PMID: 30815256 PMCID: PMC6376662 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0321-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Respiratory infections challenge the swine industry, despite common medicinal practices. The dual signaling nature of PGE2 (supporting both inflammation and resolution) makes it a potent regulator of immune cell function. Therefore, the use of dietary long chain n-6 PUFA to enhance PGE2 effects merits investigation. Methods Day-old pigs (n = 60) were allotted to one of three dietary groups for 21 d (n = 20/diet), and received either a control diet (CON, arachidonate = 0.5% of total fatty acids), an arachidonate (ARA)-enriched diet (LC n-6, ARA = 2.2%), or an eicosapentaenoic (EPA)-enriched diet (LC n-3, EPA = 3.0%). Alveolar macrophages and lung parenchymal tissue were collected for fatty acid analysis. Isolated alveolar macrophages were stimulated with LPS in situ for 24 h, and mRNA was isolated to assess markers associated with inflammation and eicosanoid production. Culture media were collected to assess PGE2 secretion. Oxidative burst in macrophages was measured by: 1) oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification (via Seahorse), 2) cytoplasmic oxidation and 3) nitric oxide production following 4, 18, and 24 h of LPS stimulation. Results Concentration of ARA (% of fatty acids, w/w) in macrophages from pigs fed LC n-6 was 86% higher than CON and 18% lower in pigs fed LC n-3 (P < 0.01). Following LPS stimulation, abundance of COX-2 and TNF-α mRNA (P < 0.0001), and PGE2 secretion (P < 0. 01) were higher in LC n-6 PAM vs. CON. However, ALOX5 abundance was 1.6-fold lower than CON. Macrophages from CON and LC n-6 groups were 4-fold higher in ALOX12/15 abundance (P < 0.0001) compared to LC n-3. Oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates increased over 4 h following LPS stimulation (P < 0.05) regardless of treatment. Similarly, increases in cytoplasmic oxidation (P < 0.001) and nitric oxide production (P < 0.002) were observed after 18 h of LPS stimulation but were unaffected by diet. Conclusions We infer that enriching diets with arachidonic acid may be an effective means to enhance a stronger innate immunologic response to respiratory challenges in neonatal pigs. However, further work is needed to examine long-term safety, clinical efficacy and economic viability. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40104-019-0321-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Walter
- 1Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina USA.,2Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina USA
| | - Xi Lin
- 2Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina USA
| | - Sheila K Jacobi
- 3Department of Animal Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Tobias Käser
- 4Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina USA
| | - Debora Esposito
- 1Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina USA.,2Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina USA
| | - Jack Odle
- 2Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina USA
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25
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Sarsour M, Amadio J, Anderson E, Barrón-Palos L, Crawford B, Crawford C, Esposito D, Fox W, Francis I, Fry J, Gardiner H, Haddock C, Holly A, Hoogerheide S, Korsak K, Lieers J, Magers S, Maldonado-Velázquez M, Mayorov D, Mumm H, Nico J, Okudaira T, Paudel C, Santra S, Shimizu H, Snow W, Sprow A, Steen K, Swanson H, Tôvesson F, Vanderwerp J, Yergeau P. Neutron spin rotation measurements. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921906002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neutron spin rotation (NSR) collaboration used parity-violating spin rotation of transversely polarized neutrons transmitted through a 0.5 m liquid helium target to constrain weak coupling constants between nucleons. While consistent with theoretical expectation, the upper limit set by this measurement on the rotation angle is limited by statistical uncertainties. The NSR collaboration is preparing a new measurement to improve this statistically-limited result by about an order of magnitude. In addition to using the new high-flux NG-C beam at the NIST Center for Neutron Research, the apparatus was upgraded to take advantage of the larger-area and more divergent NG-C beam. Significant improvements are also being made to the cryogenic design. Details of these improvements and readiness of the upgraded apparatus are presented. We also comment on how recent theoretical work combining effective field theory techniques with the 1/Nc expansion of QCD along with previous NN weak measurements can be used to make a prediction for dϕ/dz in 4He.
An experiment using the same apparatus with a room-temperature target was carried out at LANSCE to place limits on parity-conserving rotations from possible fifth-force interactions to complement previous studies. We sought this interaction using a slow neutron polarimeter that passed transversely polarized slow neutrons by unpolarized slabs of material arranged so that this interaction would tilt the plane of polarization and develop a component along the neutron momentum. The results of this measurement and its impact on the neutron-matter coupling gA2 from such an interaction are presented. The NSR collaboration is also preparing a new measurement that uses an upgraded version of the room-temperature target to be run on the NG-C beamline; and it is expected to constrain gA2 by at least two additional orders of magnitude for λc between 1 cm and 1 μm.
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Napolitano G, Venditti P, Fasciolo G, Esposito D, Uliano E, Agnisola C. Acute hypoxia/reoxygenation affects muscle mitochondrial respiration and redox state as well as swimming endurance in zebrafish. J Comp Physiol B 2018; 189:97-108. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-018-1198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Grace MH, Xiong J, Esposito D, Ehlenfeldt M, Lila MA. Simultaneous LC-MS quantification of anthocyanins and non-anthocyanin phenolics from blueberries with widely divergent profiles and biological activities. Food Chem 2018; 277:336-346. [PMID: 30502155 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and straightforward LC-IT-TOF-MS method was validated for the profiling and simultaneous quantification of anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, phenolic acids, and resveratrol in blueberry genotypes with fruit color ranging from deep purple (Vaccinium angustifolium) to various shades of pink (crosses of V. corymbosum, V. darrowii, and V. ashei). Standard calibration curves were linear for all analytes with correlation coefficients >0.99. The relative standard deviation for intra- and inter-day precision was lower than 10%. The method allowed an easy and selective identification and quantification of phenolics in blueberries with divergent profiles. The in vitro antioxidant assay results were strongly correlated with total phenolics and total anthocyanin content. Lowbush blueberry extracts (50 μg/mL) reduced ROS and NO production, and inhibited the transcription of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6β, COX2, iNOS, and IL-6 in the in vitro assays at much lower concentrations than pink fruited berries (250 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary H Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, NC, USA
| | - Jia Xiong
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, NC, USA
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, NC, USA
| | - Mark Ehlenfeldt
- Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research & Extension, Rutgers University, Chatsworth, NJ, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, NC, USA.
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Xiong J, Grace MH, Esposito D, Komarnytsky S, Wang F, Lila MA. Polyphenols isolated from Acacia mearnsii bark with anti-inflammatory and carbolytic enzyme inhibitory activities. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 15:816-824. [PMID: 29329608 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to characterize the polyphenols isolated from Acacia mearnsii bark crude extract (B) and fractions (B1-B7) obtained by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) and evaluate their anti-inflammatory and carbolytic enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) inhibitory activities. Fractions B4, B5, B6, B7 (total phenolics 850.3, 983.0, 843.9, and 572.5 mg·g-1, respectively; proanthocyanidins 75.7, 90.5, 95.0, and 44.8 mg·g-1, respectively) showed significant activities against reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) production, and expression of pro-inflammatory genes interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. All the extracts suppressed α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, two primary enzymes responsible for carbohydrate digestion. A. mearnsii bark samples possessed significantly stronger inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase enzyme (IC50 of 0.4-1.4 μg·mL-1) than the pharmaceutical acarbose (IC50 141.8 μg·mL-1). B6 and B7 (IC50 17.6 and 11.7 μg·mL-1, respectively) exhibited α-amylase inhibitory activity as efficacious as acarbose (IC50 15.4 μg·mL-1). Moreover, B extract, at 25 µg·mL-1, significantly decreased the non-mitochondrial oxidative burst that is often associated with inflammatory response in human monocytic macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xiong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Mary H Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
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Santarelli L, Diyakonova O, Betti S, Esposito D, Castro E, Cavallo F. Development of a Novel Wearable Ring-Shaped Biosensor. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018; 2018:3750-3753. [PMID: 30441182 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8513330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report on the preliminary results obtained out of a wearable module designed to be encompassed within a ring-shaped system aimed at providing healthcare services. The module is composed of two sensors for the measuring of Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV). A first device validation was carried out by involving four subjects who were asked to perform tasks providing different stress-related statuses. A comparison of physiological parameters measured by the module with those measured by a commercial HRV-GSR sensor chosen as gold standard was made. Two out of the three HRV parameters and all of the GSR parameters measured with the module resulted consistent (mostly differing less than 10%) with the same parameters measured by the gold standard. The work reported in this paper set a milestone for the realization of a system exploiting sensor fusion to provide active ageing, stress detection, activity recognition and e-health services has been achieved.
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Nieman DC, Gillitt ND, Sha W, Esposito D, Ramamoorthy S. Metabolic recovery from heavy exertion following banana compared to sugar beverage or water only ingestion: A randomized, crossover trial. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194843. [PMID: 29566095 PMCID: PMC5864065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives and methods Using a randomized, crossover, counterbalanced approach, cyclists (N = 20, overnight fasted state) engaged in the four 75-km time trials (2-week washout) while ingesting two types of bananas with similar carbohydrate (CHO) but different phenolic content (Cavendish, CAV; mini-yellow, MIY, 63% higher polyphenols), a 6% sugar beverage (SUG), and water only (WAT). CHO intake was set at 0.2 g/kg every 15 minutes. Blood samples were collected pre-exercise and 0 h-, 0.75 h-,1.5 h-, 3 h-, 4.5 h-, 21 h-, 45 h-post-exercise. Results Each of the CHO trials (CAV, MIY, SUG) compared to water was associated with higher post-exercise plasma glucose and fructose, and lower leukocyte counts, plasma 9+13 HODES, and IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1ra. OPLS-DA analysis showed that metabolic perturbation (N = 1,605 metabolites) for WAT (86.8±4.0 arbitrary units) was significantly greater and sustained than for CAV (70.4±3.9, P = 0.006), MIY (68.3±4.0, P = 0.002), and SUG (68.1±4.2, P = 0.002). VIP ranking (<3.0, N = 25 metabolites) showed that both CAV and MIY were associated with significant fold changes in metabolites including those from amino acid and xenobiotics pathways. OPLS-DA analysis of immediate post-exercise metabolite shifts showed a significant separation of CAV and MIY from both WAT and SUG (R2Y = 0.848, Q2Y = 0.409). COX-2 mRNA expression was lower in both CAV and MIY, but not SUG, versus WAT at 21-h post-exercise in THP-1 monocytes cultured in plasma samples. Analysis of immediate post-exercise samples showed a decrease in LPS-stimulated THP-1 monocyte extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) in CAV and MIY, but not SUG, compared to WAT. Conclusions CHO ingestion from bananas or a sugar beverage had a comparable influence in attenuating metabolic perturbation and inflammation following 75-km cycling. Ex-vivo analysis with THP-1 monocytes supported a decrease in COX-2 mRNA expression and reduced reliance on glycolysis for ATP production following ingestion of bananas but not sugar water when compared to water alone. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, U.S. National Institutes of Health, identifier: NCT02994628
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Nicholas D. Gillitt
- Dole Nutrition Research Laboratory, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Wei Sha
- Bioinformatics Services Division, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
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Grace MH, Esposito D, Timmers MA, Xiong J, Yousef G, Komarnytsky S, Lila MA. In vitro lipolytic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of roasted pistachio kernel and skin constituents. Food Funct 2018; 7:4285-4298. [PMID: 27604963 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00867d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive phytochemical analysis was conducted on pistachios to identify the differential contributions of skin and kernel phytochemicals to in vitro bioactivity. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of skin and kernel non-polar extracts (SNP and KNP, respectively) indicated that the major components are fatty acids (696.36 and 879.70 mg g-1), phytosterols (16.08 and 4.28 mg g-1), and γ-tocopherol (304.17 and 397.10 μg g-1). Analysis of the skin and kernel polar extracts (SP and KP, respectively) showed that skin accumulated higher levels of phenolic compounds, especially flavan-3-ols, compared to the kernel. An (epi)catechin hexoside was the major component in SP and KP (9.8 mg g-1 and 3.3 mg g-1, respectively). Flavan-3-ols with different degrees of polymerization were detected in SP, but only the monomers were identified in the KP. Quercetin glycosides were the major flavonols present in both SP and KP. Bioassays with 3T3L1 mouse adipocytes demonstrated that all extracts decreased lipid accumulation, with SNP demonstrating the highest activity (17% inhibition). Bioassay guided fractionation of SNP indicated that the lipolytic activity was highest in the fraction consisting of linoleic acid (20%), linolenic acid (10%), and β-sitosterol (50%). Radical scavenging assays indicated that all pistachio extracts significantly inhibited ROS, while SP was the most inhibiting to NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Gene expression profiles associated with inflammation (IL6, iNOS, and COX2) were characterized in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages after treatment with pistachio extracts. SP and KP were the most potent to inhibit the expression of COX2. The SNP had the strongest effect in decreasing non-mitochondrial oxidative burst associated with inflammatory response in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary H Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, USA.
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, USA.
| | - Michael A Timmers
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, USA.
| | - Jia Xiong
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, USA.
| | - Gad Yousef
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, USA.
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, USA.
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, USA.
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Maremmani C, Cavallo F, Purcaro C, Rossi G, Salvadori S, Rovini E, Esposito D, Pieroni A, Ramat S, Vanni P, Fattori B, Meco G. Combining olfactory test and motion analysis sensors in Parkinson's disease preclinical diagnosis: a pilot study. Acta Neurol Scand 2018; 137:204-211. [PMID: 29082509 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preclinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is nowadays a topic of interest as the neuropathological process could begin years before the appearance of motor symptoms. Several symptoms, among them hyposmia, could precede motor features in PD. In the preclinical phase of PD, a subclinical reduction in motor skills is highly likely. In this pilot study, we investigate a step-by-step method to achieve preclinical PD diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used the IOIT (Italian Olfactory Identification Test) to screen a population of healthy subjects. We identified 20 subjects with idiopathic hyposmia. Hyposmic subjects underwent an evaluation of motor skills, at baseline and after 1 year, using motion analysis sensors previously created by us. RESULTS One subject showed significant worsening in motor measurements. In this subject, we further conducted a dopaminergic challenge test monitored with the same sensors and, finally, he underwent [123 I]-FP/CIT (DaTscan) SPECT brain imaging. The results show that he is probably affected by preclinical PD. CONCLUSIONS Our pilot study suggests that the combined use of an olfactory test and motor sensors for motion analysis could be useful for a screening of healthy subjects to identify those at a high risk of developing PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Maremmani
- Unità Operativa di Neurologia, Ospedale delle Apuane Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest Massa Italy
| | - F. Cavallo
- Istituto di Biorobotica Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna Pisa Italy
| | - C. Purcaro
- Dipartimento di Neurologia e Psichiatria, e Centro di Ricerca per le Malattie Sociali (CIMS) “Sapienza” Università degli Studi di Roma Roma Italy
| | - G. Rossi
- Unità di Epidemiologia e Biostatistica Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Area della Ricerca di Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - S. Salvadori
- Unità di Epidemiologia e Biostatistica Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Area della Ricerca di Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - E. Rovini
- Istituto di Biorobotica Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna Pisa Italy
| | - D. Esposito
- Istituto di Biorobotica Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna Pisa Italy
| | - A. Pieroni
- Educazione alla Salute Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest Carrara Italy
| | - S. Ramat
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi Firenze Italy
| | - P. Vanni
- Unità Operativa di Neurologia Ospedale Santa Maria Annunziata, Azienda USL Toscana Centro Firenze Italy
| | - B. Fattori
- Unità di Audiologia e Foniatria Medicina Interna e Sperimentale Università degli Studi di Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - G. Meco
- Dipartimento di Neurologia e Psichiatria, e Centro di Ricerca per le Malattie Sociali (CIMS) “Sapienza” Università degli Studi di Roma Roma Italy
- NCL [Neurological Centre of Latium (Gruppo NEUROMED)] Centro Studi Clinici Malattia di Parkinson Roma Italy
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Gambardella C, Polistena A, Sanguinetti A, Patrone R, Napolitano S, Esposito D, Testa D, Marotta V, Faggiano A, Calò PG, Avenia N, Conzo G. Unintentional recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries following thyroidectomy: Is it the surgeon who pays the bill? Int J Surg 2018; 41 Suppl 1:S55-S59. [PMID: 28506414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroidectomy is one of the most common intervention in general surgery and, after the turn of the century, its rate has sharply increased, along with a worldwide increased incidence of differentiated thyroid cancers. Therefore, injuries of the recurrent laryngeal nerve have become one of the most frequent cause of surgical malpractice claims, mostly following surgery for benign pathology. MAIN BODY Even if the incidence of definitive paralysis is generally lower than 3%, during the last 20 years in Italy, the number of claims for damages has sharply raised. As a consequence, a lot of defensive medicine has been caused by this issue, and a witch-hunt has been accordingly triggered, so determining mostly a painful and lasting frustration for the surgeons, who sometimes are compelled to pay a lot of money for increasing insurance premiums and lawyers fees. Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury should be considered as a potentially catastrophic predictable but not preventable event, rather than the result of a surgical mistake. CONCLUSION Purposes of the Authors are analyzing incidence, conditions of risk, and mechanisms of recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries, underlining notes of surgical technique and defining medical practice recommendations useful to reduce the risk of malpractice lawsuits and judgments against surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gambardella
- Division of General and Oncologic Surgery, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Napoli, Department of Cardiothoracic Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Italy
| | - A Polistena
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - A Sanguinetti
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - R Patrone
- Division of General and Oncologic Surgery, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Napoli, Department of Cardiothoracic Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Italy
| | - S Napolitano
- Medical Officer, Italian Air Force Medical Corps, Ministry of Defence, Rome, Italy
| | - D Esposito
- Division of General and Oncologic Surgery, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Napoli, Department of Cardiothoracic Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Italy
| | - D Testa
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiothoracic Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Italy
| | - V Marotta
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - A Faggiano
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - P G Calò
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS554, Bivio Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - N Avenia
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Conzo
- Division of General and Oncologic Surgery, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Napoli, Department of Cardiothoracic Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Italy.
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Skates E, Overall J, DeZego K, Wilson M, Esposito D, Lila MA, Komarnytsky S. Berries containing anthocyanins with enhanced methylation profiles are more effective at ameliorating high fat diet-induced metabolic damage. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 111:445-453. [PMID: 29196236 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Driven by the need for alternative whole food options to manage metabolic syndrome, multiple dietary interventions are suggested to achieve a better control of metabolic risk factors and molecular networks that regulate cellular energy metabolism. It is generally accepted that anthocyanin-rich diets are beneficial for maintaining healthy body weight, improving glucose and lipid metabolism, and determining inflammatory status of key metabolic tissues. However, anthocyanins are a structurally diverse group of phenolic compounds and their individual contributions to improving metabolic health are not clear. In this study, we show that consumption of berries containing anthocyanins with enhanced methylation profiles (malvidin and petunidin) is more effective at reducing high fat diet-induced metabolic damage in the C57BL/6 mouse model of polygenic obesity. Blueberries and Concord grapes (57% and 33% anthocyanins as malvidin, petunidin, or peonidin, respectively) improved body composition through individual significant effects on energy expenditure and increased activity. Methylated anthocyanins are also more effective at enhancing mitochondrial respiration and dissipation of the mitochondrial proton gradient (proton leak) in adipose tissue, thus counteracting mitochondrial dysfunction associated with metabolic stress. Together, these results provide direct proof of the higher protective potential of methylated anthocyanins against the metabolic consequences of chronic exposure to calorie-dense foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Skates
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States; School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - John Overall
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States; Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States
| | - Katelyn DeZego
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States; Department of Biology, Catawba College, 2300 W Innes St, Salisbury, NC, 28144, United States
| | - Mickey Wilson
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States; Department of Animal Science, NC State University, 120 Broughton Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States; Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States; Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States.
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Jackson KMP, Rathinasabapathy T, Esposito D, Komarnytsky S. Structural constraints and importance of caffeic acid moiety for anti-hyperglycemic effects of caffeoylquinic acids from chicory. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61:1601118. [PMID: 28371117 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201601118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is a perennial herb often consumed as a vegetable, whereas the ground and roasted roots are blended as a coffee substitute. Caffeoylquinic or chlorogenic acids (CQA), the abundant intermediates of lignin biosynthesis in chicory, have been reported to improve glucose metabolism in humans, but the functional group in their structure responsible for this effect has not been yet characterized. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we showed that three di-O-caffeoylquinic acids suppressed hepatic glucose production in H4IIE rat hepatoma cells by reducing expression of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), two key enzymes that regulate hepatic gluconeogenesis. Direct comparisons between CQAs and their metabolites (3-caffeoylquinic, caffeic, and quinic acids) revealed the caffeic acid moiety alone was responsible for the observed effects. Further analysis suggested the activation of PI3K and MAPK pathways as a method of controlling gene expression was shared between caffeoylquinic and caffeic acids. These compounds promoted increased mitochondrial respiration and cellular metabolism, in part by inducing oxidative phosphorylation and proton leak. CONCLUSION We concluded that the caffeic acid moiety was important for suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis and hyperglycemia, ultimately strengthening the link between dietary interventions based on caffeic acid-containing plant foods and healthy glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Palatini Jackson
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Thirumurugan Rathinasabapathy
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Correia R, Grace MH, Esposito D, Lila MA. Wild blueberry polyphenol-protein food ingredients produced by three drying methods: Comparative physico-chemical properties, phytochemical content, and stability during storage. Food Chem 2017; 235:76-85. [PMID: 28554650 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Particulate colloidal aggregate food ingredients were prepared by complexing wheat flour, chickpea flour, coconut flour and soy protein isolate with aqueous wild blueberry pomace extracts, then spray drying, freeze drying, or vacuum oven drying to prepare dry, flour-like matrices. Physico-chemical attributes, phytochemical content and stability during storage were compared. Eighteen anthocyanins peaks were identified for samples. Spray dried matrices produced with soy protein isolate had the highest concentration of polyphenols (156.2mg GAE/g) and anthocyanins (13.4mg/g) and the most potent DPPH scavenging activity (714.1μmolesTE/g). Spray dried blueberry polyphenols complexed with protein were protected from degradation during 16weeks at 4°C and 20°C. Soy protein isolate more efficiently captured and stabilized wild blueberry pomace phytochemicals than other protein sources. Overall, spray drying the blueberry extracts complexed with protein proved to be an environment-friendly strategy to produce stable functional ingredients with multiple applications for the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Correia
- Laboratory of Food Bioactive Compounds, Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Central, s/n, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil; Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, United States
| | - Mary H Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, United States
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Animal Science, NC State University, 120 Broughton Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, United States.
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Walter KR, Xi L, Jacobi SK, Esposito D, Odle J. Dietary Long‐chain PUFAs Enrich Porcine Alveolar Macrophages and Alter Prostaglandin E
2
Production Following LPS Challenge. FASEB J 2017. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.964.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lin Xi
- Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC
| | | | | | - Jack Odle
- Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC
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Nickerson ML, Das S, Im KM, Turan S, Berndt SI, Li H, Lou H, Brodie SA, Billaud JN, Zhang T, Bouk AJ, Butcher D, Wang Z, Sun L, Misner K, Tan W, Esnakula A, Esposito D, Huang WY, Hoover RN, Tucker MA, Keller JR, Boland J, Brown K, Anderson SK, Moore LE, Isaacs WB, Chanock SJ, Yeager M, Dean M, Andresson T. TET2 binds the androgen receptor and loss is associated with prostate cancer. Oncogene 2017; 36:2172-2183. [PMID: 27819678 PMCID: PMC5391277 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Genetic alterations associated with prostate cancer (PCa) may be identified by sequencing metastatic tumour genomes to identify molecular markers at this lethal stage of disease. Previously, we characterized somatic alterations in metastatic tumours in the methylcytosine dioxygenase ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2), which is altered in 5-15% of myeloid, kidney, colon and PCas. Genome-wide association studies previously identified non-coding risk variants associated with PCa and melanoma. We perform fine-mapping of PCa risk across TET2 using genotypes from the PEGASUS case-control cohort and identify six new risk variants in introns 1 and 2. Oligonucleotides containing two risk variants are bound by the transcription factor octamer-binding protein 1 (Oct1/POU2F1) and TET2 and Oct1 expression are positively correlated in prostate tumours. TET2 is expressed in normal prostate tissue and reduced in a subset of tumours from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Small interfering RNA-mediated TET2 knockdown (KD) increases LNCaP cell proliferation, migration and wound healing, verifying loss drives a cancer phenotype. Endogenous TET2 bound the androgen receptor (AR) and AR-coactivator proteins in LNCaP cell extracts, and TET2 KD increases prostate-specific antigen (KLK3/PSA) expression. Published data reveal TET2 binding sites and hydroxymethylcytosine proximal to KLK3. A gene co-expression network identified using TCGA prostate tumour RNA-sequencing identifies co-regulated cancer genes associated with 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) and succinate metabolism, including TET2, lysine demethylase (KDM) KDM6A, BRCA1-associated BAP1, and citric acid cycle enzymes IDH1/2, SDHA/B, and FH. The co-expression signature is conserved across 31 TCGA cancers suggesting a putative role for TET2 as an energy sensor (of 2-OG) that modifies aspects of androgen-AR signalling. Decreased TET2 mRNA expression in TCGA PCa tumours is strongly associated with reduced patient survival, indicating reduced expression in tumours may be an informative biomarker of disease progression and perhaps metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Nickerson
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - S Das
- Protein Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - K M Im
- Data Science for Genomics, Ellicott City, MD, USA
| | - S Turan
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - S I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H Li
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - H Lou
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - S A Brodie
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - J N Billaud
- Ingenuity Systems, Inc., Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - T Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A J Bouk
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - D Butcher
- Pathology and Histotechnology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Z Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - L Sun
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - K Misner
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - W Tan
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - A Esnakula
- Department of Pathology, Howard University College of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, NW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - D Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - W Y Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R N Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M A Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J R Keller
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - J Boland
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - K Brown
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S K Anderson
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - L E Moore
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - W B Isaacs
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - M Dean
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - T Andresson
- Protein Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
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Overall J, Bonney SA, Wilson M, Beermann A, Grace MH, Esposito D, Lila MA, Komarnytsky S. Metabolic Effects of Berries with Structurally Diverse Anthocyanins. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020422. [PMID: 28212306 PMCID: PMC5343956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Overconsumption of energy dense foods and sedentary lifestyle are considered as major causes of obesity-associated insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism. Results from both cohort studies and randomized trials suggested that anthocyanins from berries may lower metabolic risks, however these reports are equivocal. The present study was designed to examine effects of six berries with structurally diverse anthocyanin profiles (normalized to 400 µg/g total anthocyanin content) on development of metabolic risk factors in the C57BL/6 mouse model of polygenic obesity. Diets supplemented with blackberry (mono-glycosylated cyanidins), black raspberry (acylated mono-glycosylated cyanidins), blackcurrant (mono- and di-glycosylated cyanidins and delphinidins), maqui berry (di-glycosylated delphinidins), Concord grape (acylated mono-glycosylated delphinidins and petunidins), and blueberry (mono-glycosylated delphinidins, malvidins, and petunidins) showed a prominent discrepancy between biological activities of delphinidin/malvidin-versus cyanidin-type anthocyanins that could be explained by differences in their structure and metabolism in the gut. Consumption of berries also resulted in a strong shift in the gastrointestinal bacterial communities towards obligate anaerobes that correlated with decrease in the gastrointestinal luminal oxygen and oxidative stress. Further work is needed to understand mechanisms that lead to nearly anoxic conditions in the gut lumens, including the relative contributions of host, diet and/or microbial oxidative activity, and their implication to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Overall
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Sierra A Bonney
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Animal Science, NC State University, 120 Broughton Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Mickey Wilson
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Arnold Beermann
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, 405 N Main St., Davidson, NC 28035, USA.
| | - Mary H Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Animal Science, NC State University, 120 Broughton Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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Esposito D, Rotondi M, Accardo G, Vallone G, Conzo G, Docimo G, Selvaggi F, Cappelli C, Chiovato L, Giugliano D, Pasquali D. Influence of short-term selenium supplementation on the natural course of Hashimoto's thyroiditis: clinical results of a blinded placebo-controlled randomized prospective trial. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40:83-89. [PMID: 27572248 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0535-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The real efficacy of selenium supplementation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is still an unresolved issue. OBJECTIVES We studied the short-term effect of L-selenomethionine on the thyroid function in euthyroid patients with HT. Our primary outcome measures were TSH, thyroid hormones, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) levels and thyroid echogenicity after 6 months of L-selenomethionine treatment. The secondary outcome measure was serum CXCL10 levels. METHODS In a placebo-controlled randomized prospective study, we have enrolled untreated euthyroid patients with HT. Seventy-six patients were randomly assigned to receive L-selenomethionine 166 µg/die (SE n = 38) or placebo (controls n = 38) for 6 months. TSH, free T4 (FT4), free T3 (FT3), TPOAb and CXCL10 serum levels were assayed at time 0, after 3 and 6 months. An ultrasound examination of the left and right thyroid lobe in transverse and longitudinal sections was performed. A rectangular region, the region of interest, was selected for analysis. RESULTS TSH, FT4, FT3, TPOAb, thyroid echogenicity and CXCL10 were not statistically different between SE and control groups at time 0, after 3 and 6 months. In the SE group, FT4 levels were significantly decreased (P < 0.03) after 3 months, while FT3 increased (P < 0.04) after 3 and 6 months versus baseline values. In the control group, the FT3 decreased after 3 and 6 months (P < 0.02) compared to baseline. CONCLUSION The short-term L-selenomethionine supplementation has a limited impact on the natural course in euthyroid HT. Our results tip the balance toward the ineffectiveness of short-term L-selenomethionine supplementation in HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Esposito
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia n 2, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - M Rotondi
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri IRCCS, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G Accardo
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia n 2, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - G Vallone
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Conzo
- Division of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - G Docimo
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia n 2, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - F Selvaggi
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia n 2, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - C Cappelli
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinica Medica, 2nd Medicina, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - L Chiovato
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri IRCCS, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - D Giugliano
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia n 2, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - D Pasquali
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia n 2, 80100, Naples, Italy.
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Schneider M, Esposito D, Lila MA, Foegeding EA. Formation of whey protein-polyphenol meso-structures as a natural means of creating functional particles. Food Funct 2016; 7:1306-18. [PMID: 26857696 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01499a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Whey proteins provide structure and nutritional properties in food, while berry juices are thought to have biological activity that can impart anti-inflammatory health effects. In combination, the two could be an excellent source of necessary and supplemental nutrients as well as expand the functionality of whey proteins in food structures. The objectives of this investigation were to (1) develop an approach for particle formation between whey protein and cranberry, blackcurrant, or muscadine grape juices, (2) determine resulting particle composition and physical characteristics, and (3) evaluate properties related to food structure stability and maintenance of phytochemical bioactivity. Particles were formed by combining 20% w/w whey protein with juice containing 50, 250, or 500 μg g(-1) total phenolics, adjusting pH to 4.5, and centrifuging to collect aggregated particles. Particles had an approximate molar ratio of 9-50 proteins per polyphenol, and the ratio increased with increasing phenolic content of the juice used to create the particles. Particle size ranged from 1-100 μm at pH 4.5, compared to 10 μm particles that formed when whey protein isolate alone was precipitated at pH 4.5. Polyphenols and other juice components, such as acids and sugars appeared to be involved in particle formation. Particles improved foam stability, and the anti-inflammatory properties of entrapped polyphenols were maintained in the particles. Highly functional protein-polyphenol particles can be designed to stabilize food structures and simultaneously deliver polyphenols associated with health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Schneider
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, 400 Dan Allen Dr., Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - E Allen Foegeding
- North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, 400 Dan Allen Dr., Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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Grace MH, Esposito D, Timmers MA, Xiong J, Yousef G, Komarnytsky S, Lila MA. Chemical composition, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of pistachio hull extracts. Food Chem 2016; 210:85-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Luglio G, Maione F, Esposito D, Siciliano S, Gennarelli N, Giglio M, Bucci L, De Palma G. In vivo assessment of vascular patterns and tumor angiogenesis in colorectal cancer: Role of confocal laser endomicroscopy. Eur J Surg Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
This study was performed to investigate potential bioactive secondary metabolites from the leaves of Acacia mearnsii, a forest waste product in China. The polyphenol constituents and bioactivity of crude extract (L) and semi purified fractions (L1-L4) were examined. The L and L1-L4 showed qualitative and quantitative differences in their phenolic content, antioxidant activities and the activities against inflammation-related genes such as the inducible forms of COX-2, iNOS, and the pro-inflammatory IL in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. All the fractions depressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and (except L2) inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO). Fractions L3 and L4 significantly inhibited the mRNA expression levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, COX-2, iNOS, and IL-6. In addition, L4 (1.8 g obtained from 5 g crude leaves extract) which contained 646.6 mg/g gallic acid equivalent total phenolic content and consisted of primarily proanthocyanidins (12.6 mg/g as procyanidin B2 equivalent by the DMAC assay) showed the best activity in all the assays. Results indicate that A. mearnsii leaves, a forest waste product, could be a valuable natural source of anti-inflammatory and functional components related to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xiong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, People's Republic of China
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Mary H. Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
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Xiong J, Graceb MH, Esposito D, Wang F, Lila MA. Phytochemical Characterization and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Acacia mearnsii Leaves. Nat Prod Commun 2016; 11:649-653. [PMID: 27319141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate potential bioactive secondary metabolites from the leaves of Acacia mearnsii, a forest waste product in China. The polyphenol constituents and bioactivity of crude extract (L) and semi purified fractions (L1-L4) were examined. The L and L1-L4 showed qualitative and quantitative differences in their phenolic content, antioxidant activities and the activities against inflammation-related genes such as the inducible forms of COX-2, iNOS, and the pro-inflammatory IL in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. All the fractions depressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and (except L2) inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO). Fractions L3 and L4 significantly inhibited the mRNA expression levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, COX-2, iNOS, and IL-6. In addition, L4 (1.8 g obtained from 5 g crude leaves extract) which contained 646.6 mg/g gallic acid equivalent total phenolic content and consisted of primarily proanthocyanidins (12.6 mg/g as procyanidin B2 equivalent by the DMAC assay) showed the best activity in all the assays. Results indicate that A. mearnsii leaves, a forest waste product, could be a valuable natural source of anti-inflammatory and functional components related to human health.
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Conzo G, Docimo G, Mauriello C, Gambardella C, Esposito D, Cavallo F, Tartaglia E, Napolitano S, Santini L. The current status of lymph node dissection in the treatment of papillary thyroid cancer. A literature review. Clin Ter 2016; 164:e343-6. [PMID: 24045534 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2013.1599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cervical lymph node micrometastases are observed in up to 90% of papillary thyroid cancers (PTC), showing that lymph nodal involvement is very common. Nevertheless, during the last years, the role of lymph node dissection in the treatment of PTC has been controversial and, at present, the best indications to the routine or therapeutic neck dissection remain subject of research. In order to better analyze the current role of lymph node dissection in the surgical treatment of PTC, an analysis of the most recent literature data was performed. STUDY DESIGN By using as keywords lymph node dissection, selective, lateral or central lymph node dissection, modified radical neck dissection, prophylactic or therapeutic lymph node dissection, papillary thyroid cancer, a Pub Med data base research was carried out. The most recent guidelines of different referral endocrine societies, inhering neck dissection for PTC, were also evaluated. RESULTS The role of neck dissection in PTC management remains controversial regarding routine or therapeutic indications, surgical extension, and its impact on local recurrence and long term survival. Due to inhomogeneous literature data, the current status of node dissection is still subject of research. CONCLUSIONS There is agreement between endocrine and neck surgeons about the extension of therapeutic lymph node dissection in N+ PTC patients , and also in the prophylactic treatment of N0 "high risk" patients. Considering a recent trend toward routine central lymphadenectomy avoiding radioactive treatment, prospective randomized trials are needed to evaluate the benefits of different approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Conzo
- Department of Anaesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences. Second University of Naples. Italy
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De Palma GD, Maione F, Esposito D, Luglio G, Giglio MC, Siciliano S, Gennarelli N, Cassese G, Campione S, D'Armiento FP, Bucci L. In vivo assessment of tumour angiogenesis in colorectal cancer: the role of confocal laser endomicroscopy. Colorectal Dis 2016; 18:O66-73. [PMID: 26589643 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Tumour neoangiogenesis is a key factor in tumour progression and metastatic spread and the possibility to assess tumour angiogenesis might provide prognostic information. The aim of this study was to establish the role of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (p-CLE) in the identification of vascular architecture and specific morphological patterns in normal colorectal mucosa and malignant lesions during routine endoscopy. METHOD Fourteen consecutive patients with colorectal cancer were included. The following features were identified and then compared between normal and neoplastic mucosa on p-CLE images: vessel shape (straight vs irregular) vessel diameter the 'branching patterns' vessel permeability (fluorescein leakage) and blood flow (normal vs defective flux). Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm the presence and to study the morphology of vascular structures (CD-34 staining) and 'neo-vessels' (WT-1 staining) on tumour and normal mucosal sections. RESULTS Tumour vessels appeared as irregular, ectatic and with a highly variable calibre and branching patterns on p-CLE images. The mean diameter of tumour vessels was significantly larger than those in normal mucosa (weighted mean difference 3.38, 95% CI 2.65-4.11, P = 0.01). Similarly, 'vessel branching' (OR 2.74, 95% CI 1.23-6.14, P = 0.01), fluorescent dye 'extravasation' (OR 3.46, 95% CI 1.39-8.57, P = 0.01) were significantly more frequent in colorectal cancer than in normal colorectal mucosa. Immunohistochemistry corroborated the p-CLE findings, showing higher vascularity in tumour sections due to neoformed vessels, presenting irregular patterns. CONCLUSION Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy provides a noninvasive characterization of the microvascular architecture of colonic mucosa. Different morphological patterns have been described, discriminating normal and malignant microvascular networks in colorectal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D De Palma
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - F Maione
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - D Esposito
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - G Luglio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - M C Giglio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - S Siciliano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - N Gennarelli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - G Cassese
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - S Campione
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - F P D'Armiento
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - L Bucci
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
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Conzo G, Tartaglia E, Gambardella C, Esposito D, Sciascia V, Mauriello C, Nunziata A, Siciliano G, Izzo G, Cavallo F, Thomas G, Musella M, Santini L. Minimally invasive approach for adrenal lesions: Systematic review of laparoscopic versus retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy and assessment of risk factors for complications. Int J Surg 2015; 28 Suppl 1:S118-23. [PMID: 26708860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, minimally invasive transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy has become the standard of care for surgical resection of the adrenal gland tumors. Recently, however, adrenalectomy by a mininvasive retroperitoneal approach has reached increasingly popularity as alternative technique. Short hospitalization, lower postoperative pain and decrease of complications and a better cosmetic resolution are the main advantages of these innovative techniques. In order to determine the better surgical management of adrenal neoplasms, the Authors analyzed and compared the feasibility and the postoperative complications of minimally invasive adrenalectomy approaches. A systematic research of the English literature, including major meta-analysis articles, clinical randomized trials, retrospective studies and systematic reviews was performed, comparing laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy versus retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy. Many studies support that posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy is superior or at least comparable to laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy in operation time, pain score, blood loss, hospitalization, complications rates and return to normal activity. However, laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy is up to now a safe and standardized procedure with a shorter learning curve and a similar low morbidity rate, even for tumors larger than 6 cm. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to objectively evaluate these techniques, excluding selection bias and bias related to differences in surgeons' experiences with this approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Conzo
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - E Tartaglia
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - C Gambardella
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - D Esposito
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - V Sciascia
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - C Mauriello
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - A Nunziata
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - G Siciliano
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - G Izzo
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - F Cavallo
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - G Thomas
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - M Musella
- Advanced Biomedical Sciences Department, AOU "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - L Santini
- Unit of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Anesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery Second University of Naples, Italy.
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Timmers MA, Guerrero-Medina JL, Esposito D, Grace MH, Paredes-López O, García-Saucedo PA, Lila MA. Characterization of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities from Mamuyo (Styrax ramirezii Greenm.) Fruit. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:10459-10465. [PMID: 26575200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Extracts of Styrax ramirezii Greenm., a fruit traditionally valued for health and wellness in Mexico, were analyzed phytochemically and evaluated for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Six norneolignans were identified by HPLC-TOF-MS, and the two major compounds were isolated for further evaluation. The effects of the isolated norneolignans, egonol and homoegonol, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and biomarkers of inflammation were evaluated. Of the tested compounds, egonol potently inhibited the production of NO and also significantly reduced the release of ROS. Consistent with these observations, the mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (0.668 ± 0.108), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (0.553 ± 0.007), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (0.093 ± 0.005), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (0.298 ± 0.076) were reduced by egonol. The activity for both egonol and homoegonol increased in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest the potential of S. ramirezii Greenm. fruit to contribute to a healthy diet, rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Timmers
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University , NCRC, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Jorge L Guerrero-Medina
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University , NCRC, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , Uruapan, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University , NCRC, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Mary H Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University , NCRC, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Octavio Paredes-López
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University , NCRC, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
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Tang W, Munafo JP, Palatini K, Esposito D, Huang MT, Komarnytsky S, Ho CT, Gianfagna TJ. Hepatoprotective Activity of Easter Lily (Lilium longiflorum Thunb.) Bulb Extracts. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:9722-8. [PMID: 26491954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The hepatoprotective activities of two different extracts, a hydroethanolic crude bulb extract (CB) and a steroidal glycoside-rich 1-butanol extract (BuOH), prepared from the bulbs of Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum Thunb.), were evaluated in a 24 week study in the female KK.Cg-A(y)/J Type 2 diabetic mouse model. Animals were divided into six groups (n = 16): control mice received Easter lily bulb extract-free drinking water together with a low- or high-fat diet (diabetic control); drinking water for the remaining groups was supplemented with CB extract (1%), BuOH extract (0.1 or 0.2%), and reference drug Metformin (0.001%), together with a high-fat diet. Both CB and BuOH extract treatment groups exhibited significantly improved liver function based on comparisons of triglycerides [diabetic 219 ± 34 mg/dL, CB 131 ± 27 mg/dL, BuOH(0.2%) 114 ± 35 mg/dL], CB total cholesterol (TC) (diabetic 196 ± 12 mg/dL, CB 159 ± 5 mg/dL), average liver mass [diabetic 2.96 ± 0.13 g, CB 2.58 ± 0.08 g, BuOH(0.1%) 2.48 ± 0.13 g], alanine transferase [diabetic 74 ± 5 units/L, CB 25 ± 1 units/L, BuOH(0.1%) 45 ± 1 units/L], and histological examinations. Glucose metabolism was improved only in CB, which was confirmed by oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) in diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice exposed to CB extract. These data suggest that steroidal glycosides 1-5 might play a role in the hepatoprotective activity of the BuOH extracts, while the results of the TC measurements and OGTT study indicate that other constituents present in the CB extract are responsible for its hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Tang
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey , 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - John P Munafo
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey , 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Kimberly Palatini
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus , 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University , 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Debora Esposito
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus , 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University , 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Mou-Tuan Huang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus , 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University , 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey , 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Thomas J Gianfagna
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey , 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
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