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Cacciottola L, Camboni A, Gatti E, Marbaix E, Vignali M, Donnez J, Dolmans MM. Fertility potential and safety assessment of residual ovarian cortex in young women diagnosed with epithelial borderline and early-stage malignant ovarian tumors. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 183:15-24. [PMID: 38492474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the safety and quality of ovarian cortex surrounding epithelial ovarian tumors in women eligible for fertility-sparing surgery by identifying occult malignant lesions and characterizing the ovarian follicle pool. METHODS Multicentric retrospective study of 48 subjects (15-45 years), diagnosed with borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) or early-stage epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) and eligible for fertility-sparing surgery. Histological samples of ovarian cortex surrounding tumors were analyzed to characterize the follicle pool, find any occult malignant lesion using tumor-specific markers (cytokeratin 7 and mucin 1), and quantify tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) by CD3 and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) by CD68. RESULTS Occult ovarian lesions were observed in 6 out of 45 cases investigated (14.6%), including one mucinous stage-I BOT (1/14), one serous stage-I BOT (1/13), 3 advanced-stage serous BOTs (3/11) and one early-stage serous EOC (1/7). Notably, follicle density was significantly lower in subjects diagnosed with ovarian tumors compared to controls (p < 0.001) and at a younger age. Significantly higher follicle atresia was encountered in the ovarian tumor group then in controls (20.1 ± 8.8% vs 9.2 ± 9.4%, p < 0.001) at all ages. Both TILs and TAMs were found in ovarian tumors irrespective of histotype, but no link was established with the status of the ovarian reserve. CONCLUSIONS Personalized counseling for fertility preservation is required in the event of BOTs and early-stage EOCs. Fertility-sparing surgery and adjuvant gamete preservation should be considered, balancing the oncological risks according to tumor stage and histotype and fertility potential, especially at a younger age.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cacciottola
- Gynecology Research Unit, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Camboni
- Gynecology Research Unit, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Anatomopathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Gatti
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - E Marbaix
- Department of Anatomopathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; Prof Emeritus, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
| | - M Vignali
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - J Donnez
- Prof Emeritus, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium; Société de Recherche Pour l'Infertilité, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M M Dolmans
- Gynecology Research Unit, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Gynecology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
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Honoré N, van der Elst A, Dietz A, van Marcke C, Helaers R, Mendola A, Dahou H, Marbaix E, Poncin R, Seront E, Schmitz S, Limaye N, Galot R, Machiels JP. Tumour-agnostic plasma assay for circulating tumour DNA predicts outcome in recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with a PD-1 inhibitor. Eur J Cancer 2023; 195:113372. [PMID: 37913682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only 15-20% of recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN) patients derive long-term benefit from nivolumab or pembrolizumab. We developed a circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) tumour-agnostic assay aimed at the early prediction of single agent programmed cell death 1 (PD1) inhibitor efficacy in R/M SCCHN. PATIENTS AND METHODS Our tumour-agnostic assay included 37 genes frequently mutated in R/M SCCHN and two HPV16 genes. Primary endpoint was the concordance between ctDNA kinetics (ΔctDNA) and the best overall response according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1. ΔctDNA was defined as the difference in mean variant allele frequency (VAF) between the on-treatment sample harvested 6-10 weeks (FU1) after PD1 inhibitor initiation and the pre-treatment plasma sample (ΔctDNA = mean FU1 VAF - mean pre-treatment VAF). RESULTS ctDNA was detected in 35/44 (80%) of the pre-treatment plasma samples. The concordance between ΔctDNA and imaging response was observed in 74%. Median progression-free survival was 8.6 months in the favourable ΔctDNA group and 2.5 months in the unfavourable ΔctDNA group (p = 0.057). Median overall survival (OS) was 18.1 and 8.2 months in the favourable and unfavourable ΔctDNA groups, respectively (p = 0.13). In patients with PD-L1 expressing SCCHN (Combined Positive Score ≥1), OS was significantly better in patients with favourable ΔctDNA compared with patients with unfavourable ΔctDNA: median OS was 41.5 and 8.4 months (p = 0.033), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Tumour-agnostic ctDNA analysis for human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative and HPV-positive R/M SCCHN is feasible. ctDNA kinetics show promising results in predicting the efficacy of PD1 inhibitors in R/M SCCHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Honoré
- Pôle Oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Athenaïs van der Elst
- Pôle Oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anna Dietz
- Department of Radiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cédric van Marcke
- Pôle Oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Raphael Helaers
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antonella Mendola
- Pôle Oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hajar Dahou
- Pôle Oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Renaud Poncin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniques Saint-Pierre, Ottignies, Belgium
| | - Emanuel Seront
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Oncology, Jolimont Hospital, La Louviere, Belgium
| | - Sandra Schmitz
- Pôle Oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of ENT and Maxillo-facial Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nisha Limaye
- Genetics of Autoimmune Diseases and Cancer, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rachel Galot
- Pôle Oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pascal Machiels
- Pôle Oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
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3
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Honoré N, van Marcke C, Galot R, Helaers R, Ambroise J, van Maanen A, Mendola A, Dahou H, Marbaix E, Van Eeckhout P, Longton E, Magremanne M, Schmitz S, Limaye N, Machiels JP. Tumor-agnostic plasma assay for circulating tumor DNA detects minimal residual disease and predicts outcome in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Ann Oncol 2023; 34:1175-1186. [PMID: 37879442 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.09.3102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forty to fifty percent of patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA SCCHN) relapse despite multimodal treatment. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has the potential to detect minimal residual disease (MRD) after curative-intent therapy and to identify earlier which patients will progress. We developed a tumor-agnostic plasma ctDNA assay to detect MRD in unselected LA SCCHN with the aim of predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival without the need for tumor sequencing. PATIENTS AND METHODS A 26-gene next-generation sequencing panel was constructed that included the most frequently mutated genes in SCCHN and two HPV-16 genes. MRD was assessed in each patient through an in-house informatic workflow informed by somatic mutations identified in the corresponding pre-treatment plasma sample. The presence of MRD was defined as the detection of ctDNA in one plasma sample collected within 1-12 weeks of the end of curative treatment. The primary endpoint was the PFS rate at 2 years. At least 32 patients were planned for inclusion with the hypothesis that PFS at 2 years was >80% in MRD-negative patients and <30% in MRD-positive patients (α = 0.05, β = 0.9). RESULTS We sequenced DNA from 116 plasma samples derived from 53 LA SCCHN patients who underwent curative-intent treatment. ctDNA was detected in 41/53 (77%) patients in the pre-treatment samples. Out of these 41 patients, 17 (41%) were MRD positive after treatment. The 2-year PFS rate was 23.53% (9.9% to 55.4%) and 86.6% (73.4% to 100%) in MRD-positive and MRD-negative patients, respectively (P < 0.05). Median survival was 28.37 months (14.30 months-not estimable) for MRD-positive patients and was not reached for the MRD-negative cohort (P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Our ctDNA assay detects MRD in LA SCCHN and predicts disease progression and survival without the need for tumor sequencing, making this approach easily applicable in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Honoré
- Pôle oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C van Marcke
- Pôle oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Galot
- Pôle oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Helaers
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Ambroise
- Center for Applied Molecular Technologies, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Research, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - A van Maanen
- Statistical Support Unit, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Mendola
- Pôle oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Dahou
- Pôle oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Marbaix
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Van Eeckhout
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Longton
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Magremanne
- Pôle oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Maxillo-facial Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Schmitz
- Pôle oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium; Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - N Limaye
- Department of Genetics of Autoimmune Diseases and Cancer, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J-P Machiels
- Pôle oncologie, Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
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Van Wynendaele M, Thieffry C, Samain L, Pierreux CE, Tyteca D, Marbaix E, Henriet P. Effects of estradiol, progesterone or cAMP on expression of PGRMC1 and progesterone receptor in a xenograft model of human endometrium and in endometrial cell culture. Steroids 2023; 198:109284. [PMID: 37487815 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Estradiol and progesterone are key regulators of the menstrual cycle. In the human endometrium, progesterone induces morphological changes required for blastocyst implantation. Dysregulated response to progesterone can lead to endometrial pathologies including uterine bleeding and endometriosis. Besides the canonical nuclear progesterone receptor (encoded by the PGR gene), alternative response pathways include Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC1), suspected to be involved in pathogenesis of endometrial diseases. We previously reported the spatiotemporal profile of PGRMC1 expression in the human endometrium along the menstrual cycle, highlighting progressive increase and decrease during the proliferative and secretory phases, respectively. Here we directly addressed its regulation by estradiol and progesterone, with systematic comparison with regulation of PGR expression. We found a direct correlation between expression of both genes during the proliferative and secretory phases in the cycling endometrium, but not during the menstrual phase. In a xenograft model mimicking the cycle phases, estradiol significantly increased and progesterone significantly decreased PGR expression but changes were not significant for PGRMC1. Finally, we did not find any significant effect of the ovarian steroids on expression of PGR or PGRMC1 in primary culture of endometrial stromal cells, except for a small increase in PGR expression by estradiol. Altogether, our experiments do not allow a major advance in our understanding of the mechanisms of cyclic variation of PGRMC1 expression, in particular regarding potential regulation by the ovarian steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Van Wynendaele
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Charlotte Thieffry
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lucie Samain
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe E Pierreux
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Donatienne Tyteca
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; Pathology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Patrick Henriet
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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de Codt M, Jadoul P, Luyckx M, Squifflet JL, Dolmans MM, Maillard C, Baurain JF, Marbaix E, Gerday A. Hysteroscopic management of molar pregnancy: A series of 36 cases. Rare Tumors 2023; 15:20363613231168767. [PMID: 37035475 PMCID: PMC10074611 DOI: 10.1177/20363613231168767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hydatidiform Mole (HM) is the most common form of gestational trophoblastic disease. Dilatation and curettage is the classical treatment of this affection. Hysteroscopic resection (HsR) is an alternative for the treatment of intra-uterine pathology. Objective: To describe the feasibility of HsR for the management of HM. Result: Case series of patients who had a complete or partial HM confirmed by histological examination of the trophoblastic tissue resected by operative hysteroscopy between 2007 and 2019. After approval of our ethics committee, we evaluated 36 patients who underwent hysteroscopic resection for molar pregnancy. Histological analysis showed partial HM in 28 patients (77.8%) and complete HM in 8 (22.2%). Main surgical complications were uterine perforation in one patient and glycine resorption in 10 patients with two cases of hyponatremia corrected by standard treatment. We performed an ultrasound control 1 month after the intervention in 19 patients (52.8%) as they had slow decrease of HCG or bleeding complaints and found retained product of conception (RPOC) in six patients (16.7%). Conclusion: This first report on a small number of patients demonstrate that hysteroscopic resection is a feasible procedure for the management of molar pregnancy. Direct visualization of the procedure helps the surgeon to control the resection. Further studies are mandatory to compare this technique with D&C in term of RPOC and fertility outcomes as it remains the standard treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu de Codt
- Department of Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Namur-Godinne, Namur, Belgium
| | - Pascale Jadoul
- Department of Gynecology and Andrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Luyckx
- Department of Gynecology and Andrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Institut Roi Albert 2- IRA2, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Squifflet
- Department of Gynecology and Andrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Institut Roi Albert 2- IRA2, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Madeleine Dolmans
- Department of Gynecology and Andrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Maillard
- Department of Gynecology and Andrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Baurain
- Institut Roi Albert 2- IRA2, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, and de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Gerday
- Department of Gynecology and Andrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Institut Roi Albert 2- IRA2, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Thieffry C, Van Wynendaele M, Samain L, Tyteca D, Pierreux C, Marbaix E, Henriet P. Spatiotemporal expression pattern of Progesterone Receptor Component (PGRMC) 1 in endometrium from patients with or without endometriosis or adenomyosis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 223:106153. [PMID: 35835350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The endometrium plays a crucial role in reproduction and, in humans, is cyclically remodeled under hormonal control. Estradiol favors tissue proliferation whereas progesterone inhibits tissue growth and induces morphological changes. Endometriosis is often associated with fertility issues and with exacerbated estrogen and reduced progesterone concentration or response in the eutopic endometrium. However, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component (PGRMC) 1 is a protein able to modulate progesterone response and its murine knockout reduced fertility. However, the precise spatiotemporal pattern of PGRMC1 expression in the human endometrium is still poorly characterized. We investigated variations of eutopic endometrial PGRMC1 expression by combining RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization. We found that PGRMC1 expression progressively increases during the proliferative phase and decreases during the secretory phase. However, immunolabeling and identification of mRNA-containing cells were regularly heterogeneous in samples, according to tissue depth, with a gradient extending from the surface epithelium towards the basalis. There was no significant difference in PGRMC1 mRNA amounts between patients with or without endometriosis or adenomyosis, for any phase of the menstrual cycle, but cells with strong or moderate PGRMC1 immunolabeling were reduced during the proliferative phase in endometriotic patients. In conclusion, although the cyclical variation of PGRMC1 expression globally follows fluctuation of ovarian steroids, further work is required to precisely characterize hormonal control and identify the additional levels of regulation responsible for local adjustment of PGRMC1 concentration. This is particularly important in the light of recent studies emphasizing the correlation between adequate PGRMC1 amounts and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Thieffry
- CELL Unit, De Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Marie Van Wynendaele
- CELL Unit, De Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Lucie Samain
- CELL Unit, De Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Donatienne Tyteca
- CELL Unit, De Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Christophe Pierreux
- CELL Unit, De Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- CELL Unit, De Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; Pathology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Patrick Henriet
- CELL Unit, De Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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Spourquet C, Delcorte O, Lemoine P, Dauguet N, Loriot A, Achouri Y, Hollmén M, Jalkanen S, Huaux F, Lucas S, Meerkeeck PV, Knauf JA, Fagin JA, Dessy C, Mourad M, Henriet P, Tyteca D, Marbaix E, Pierreux CE. BRAFV600E Expression in Thyrocytes Causes Recruitment of Immunosuppressive STABILIN-1 Macrophages. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194687. [PMID: 36230610 PMCID: PMC9563029 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Incidence of thyroid cancer, including papillary thyroid cancer, is rapidly increasing. Oncogenes, such as the BRAFV600E, have been identified, and their effect on thyroid cancer cells have been studied in vitro and in mouse models. What is less understood is the impact of these mutations on thyroid cancer microenvironment and, in turn, the effect of changes in the microenvironment on tumor progression. We investigated the modifications in the cellular composition of thyroid cancer microenvironment using an inducible mouse model. We focused on a subpopulation of macrophages, expressing the STABILIN-1 protein, recruited in the thyroid tumor microenvironment following BRAFV600E expression. CRISPR/Cas9 genetic inactivation of Stablin-1 did not change macrophage recruitment but highlighted the immunosuppressive role of STABILIN-1-expressing macrophages. The identification of a similar subpopulation of STABILIN-1 macrophages in human thyroid diseases supports a conserved role for these macrophages and offers an opportunity for intervention. Abstract Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most frequent histological subtype of thyroid cancers (TC), and BRAFV600E genetic alteration is found in 60% of this endocrine cancer. This oncogene is associated with poor prognosis, resistance to radioiodine therapy, and tumor progression. Histological follow-up by anatomo-pathologists revealed that two-thirds of surgically-removed thyroids do not present malignant lesions. Thus, continued fundamental research into the molecular mechanisms of TC downstream of BRAFV600E remains central to better understanding the clinical behavior of these tumors. To study PTC, we used a mouse model in which expression of BRAFV600E was specifically switched on in thyrocytes by doxycycline administration. Upon daily intraperitoneal doxycycline injection, thyroid tissue rapidly acquired histological features mimicking human PTC. Transcriptomic analysis revealed major changes in immune signaling pathways upon BRAFV600E induction. Multiplex immunofluorescence confirmed the abundant recruitment of macrophages, among which a population of LYVE-1+/CD206+/STABILIN-1+ was dramatically increased. By genetically inactivating the gene coding for the scavenger receptor STABILIN-1, we showed an increase of CD8+ T cells in this in situ BRAFV600E-dependent TC. Lastly, we demonstrated the presence of CD206+/STABILIN-1+ macrophages in human thyroid pathologies. Altogether, we revealed the recruitment of immunosuppressive STABILIN-1 macrophages in a PTC mouse model and the interest to further study this macrophage subpopulation in human thyroid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Spourquet
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ophélie Delcorte
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pascale Lemoine
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Dauguet
- CYTF Platform, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Axelle Loriot
- CBIO Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Younes Achouri
- Transgenesis Platform, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maija Hollmén
- MediCity Research Laboratory and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - François Huaux
- LTAP Unit, IREC, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Lucas
- GECE Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), 1300 Wavre, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Meerkeeck
- GECE Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jeffrey A. Knauf
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery in the Cleveland Clinic Lerner, College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - James A. Fagin
- Department of Medicine and Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chantal Dessy
- FATH & MORF Unit, IREC, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Mourad
- Surgery and Abdominal Transplantation Division, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Henriet
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Donatienne Tyteca
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe E. Pierreux
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+32-2-764-65-22
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8
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Van Wynendaele M, Thieffry C, Loriot A, Marbaix E, Henriet P. P-297 Regulation and functions of PGRMC1 in the human endometrium and in endometriosis. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
What is the role of PGRMC1 in the human endometrium (especially in tissue remodeling) and its potential contribution to the development of endometrial diseases?
Summary answer
In primary endometrial stromal cell culture, PGRMC1 downregulation modifies expression of genes implicated in extracellular matrix remodeling as well as in cell migration and invasion.
What is known already
It has been suggested that Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component-1 (PGRMC1) is involved in gynecological pathologies. In particular, Pgrmc1 conditional KO in the mouse female reproductive tract induced subfertility and spontaneous development of endometrial cysts. Moreover, siRNA-mediated downregulation of PGRMC1 expression influenced TNF-α-induced activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in cytotrophoblast cells, suggesting that PGRMC1 is a regulator of MMPs. In addition to playing a major role in the physiological breakdown of the human endometrium at menstruation, MMPs are strongly suspected to favor the pathogenesis of endometriosis lesions.
Study design, size, duration
Not applicable
Participants/materials, setting, methods
We compared transcriptomes obtained by RNA-sequencing from distinct primary endometrial stromal cell (ESC) cultures transfected with one of two specific siRNA targeting PGRMC1 mRNA or with a control siRNA. Expression changes for selected genes were confirmed by RT-qPCR. Migration and invasion capacities of the cells were also studied using Transwell assay. Finally, immunocytochemistry was performed on these primary cultures to localize the presence of PGRMC1 as well as the canonical progesterone receptor (PR).
Main results and the role of chance
RNA-sequencing data converged to show that the reduction of PGRMC1 expression by the specific siRNA significantly increased (up to 3-fold) the expression of several genes involved in the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, as well as in the processes of migration and invasion. These changes were reproduced by RT-qPCR on other distinct primary endometrial stromal cultures isolated from other patients. In parallel, Transwell assays showed no significant changes in the migration and invasion capacities of the primary endometrial stromal cell cultures previously invalidated for PGRMC1 by transfection of the cells with a specific siRNA by comparison with a control siRNA. However, immunocytochemistry studies on these primary endometrial stromal cells showed that progesterone receptor (PR) labeling was restricted to cell nuclei, suggesting a constitutively activated PR in these cultures.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The absence of changes in migration and invasion properties of primary ESC cultures observed by Transwell assay could be due to the fact that the progesterone receptor seems to be constitutively activated in these cultures potentially causing a repressive effect on the migration and invasion capacity of the cells.
Wider implications of the findings
The modification of expression of genes implicated in ECM remodeling, and cell migration and invasion after PGRMC1 downregulation in primary ESC cultures is interesting in the context of endometriosis in which reduction of PGRMC1 expression could improve the migration and invasion capacities of lesions to implant into the host tissue.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- M Van Wynendaele
- Université Catholique de Louvain, De Duve Institute , Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Thieffry
- Université Catholique de Louvain, De Duve Institute , Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Loriot
- Université Catholique de Louvain, De Duve Institute , Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Marbaix
- Université Catholique de Louvain, De Duve Institute , Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Henriet
- Université Catholique de Louvain, De Duve Institute , Brussels, Belgium
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9
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Delcorte O, Craps J, Mahibullah S, Spourquet C, D'Auria L, Van Der Smissen P, Dessy C, Marbaix E, Mourad M, Pierreux CE. Two miRNAs enriched in plasma extracellular vesicles are potential biomarkers for thyroid cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2022; 29:389-401. [PMID: 35521768 DOI: 10.1530/erc-21-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Differential diagnosis of thyroid cancer and benign nodules is still one of the most challenging issues in the field of endocrinology. To overcome overdiagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) and the consecutive overtreatment of multinodular diseases, the search for easily accessible, sensitive and accurate biomarkers is critical. Several micro-RNAs (miRNAs) freely circulating in peripheral blood or enclosed in extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed as potential biomarkers from non-invasive liquid biopsies. However, protocols are rarely comparable and conflicting data exist in the literature. In this work, we aimed to assess the diagnostic value of six micro-RNAs by comparing their expression in thyroid tissue to their abundance in bulk plasma and in plasma-EVs, before and after thyroid surgery. Plasma-EVs were isolated using a sequential density- and size-based fractionation, followed by in-depth characterization, confirming EV purity. Micro-RNA levels were measured by RT-qPCR in thyroid tissue, plasma and plasma-EVs. Among the six candidates, only miR-146b-5p and miR-21a-5p displayed a significant differential abundance in purified plasma-derived EVs from patients with PTC and benign disease. However, no difference could be demonstrated in bulk plasma through our cohort of patients. Overall, our work supports the use of a well-defined protocol of plasma-EV miRNAs purification for biomarker discovery, rather than the use of freely circulating miRNAs in bulk plasma. Our work also demonstrates that standardized pre-analytical and analytical procedures as well as optimized EV-miRNAs detection methods are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Delcorte
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Craps
- FATH & MORF Unit, IREC, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Siam Mahibullah
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Spourquet
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ludovic D'Auria
- Neurochemistry group, Institute of Neurosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Chantal Dessy
- FATH & MORF Unit, IREC, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Mourad
- Surgery and Abdominal Transplantation Division, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Schoenen S, Delbecque K, Van Rompuy AS, Marbaix E, Noel JC, Delvenne P, Moerman P, Vergote I, Kridelka F, Vandewal A, Han S, Goffin F. Importance of pathological review of gestational trophoblastic diseases: results of the Belgian Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases Registry. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2022; 32:ijgc-2021-003312. [PMID: 35487585 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2021-003312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the added value of a centralized pathology review of the diagnoses of gestational trophoblastic diseases by expert pathologists and its potential impact on clinical management in a prospective multicenter study based on the Belgian Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases Registry. METHODS From July 2012 to December 2020, the two referral centers of the registry were solicited to advise on 1119 cases. Referral pathologists systematically reviewed all of the initial histological diagnoses. Cases initially assessed by expert pathologists were excluded. A total of 867 files were eligible for the study. Concordance between diagnoses of gestational trophoblastic diseases made by general 'non-expert' and expert pathologists was analyzed together with the potential impact of the alterations on clinical management. Expert pathologists were working in an academic setting with high exposure to placental pathology and national recognition. RESULTS The rate of discordance between expert and non-expert pathologists for the initial diagnoses was 35%. Almost 95% of complete moles were confirmed by the expert pathologists, but only 61% for partial moles. Compared with previous studies, ancillary techniques (p57 immunohistochemistry, karyotype) were used twice as often by both groups of pathologists in this survey. The diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia was altered in 42% of cases. When the initial diagnosis was altered, the clinical relevance of this correction was estimated as down staging, up staging, or not relevant in 65%, 33% and 2% of cases respectively. CONCLUSION Systematic centralized pathological review of gestational trophoblastic diseases modified the diagnosis in a third of cases. The results also show that a change in diagnosis would impact clinical management in 98% of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Schoenen
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Liege Central University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Katty Delbecque
- Pathology Anatomy, University of Liege Central University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Etienne Marbaix
- Pathology, University Hospital Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | - Philippe Delvenne
- Pathology, University of Liege Central University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Moerman
- Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, Leuven Cancer Institute, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Kridelka
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Liege Central University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Aleide Vandewal
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Sileny Han
- Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Frederic Goffin
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Liege Central University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
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11
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Ouni E, Nedbal V, Da Pian M, Cao H, Haas KT, Peaucelle A, Van Kerk O, Herinckx G, Marbaix E, Dolmans MM, Tuuri T, Otala M, Amorim CA, Vertommen D. Proteome-wide and matrisome-specific atlas of the human ovary computes fertility biomarker candidates and open the way for precision oncofertility. Matrix Biol 2022; 109:91-120. [PMID: 35341935 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Our modern era is witnessing an increasing infertility rate worldwide. Although some of the causes can be attributed to our modern lifestyle (e.g., persistent organic pollutants, late pregnancy), our knowledge of the human ovarian tissue has remained limited and insufficient to reverse the infertility statistics. Indeed, all efforts have been focused on the endocrine and cellular function in support of the cell theory that dates back to the 18th century, while the human ovarian matrisome is still under-described. Hereby, we unveil the extracellular side of the story during different periods of the ovary life, demonstrating that follicle survival and development, and ultimately fertility, would not be possible without its involvement. We examined the human ovarian matrisome and described its remodeling from prepuberty until menopause, creating the first ovarian proteomic codex. Here, we confidently identified and quantified 98 matrisome proteins present in the three ovary groups. Among them, 26 were expressed differently among age groups, delineating a peculiar matrisomal fingerprint at each stage. Such proteins could be potential biomarkers phenotyping ovarian ECM at each age phase of female reproductive life. Beyond proteomics, our study presents a unique approach to understanding the data and depicting the spatiotemporal ECM-intracellular signaling networks and remodeling with age through imaging, advanced text-mining based on natural language processing technology, machine learning, and data sonification. Our findings provide essential context for healthy ovarian physiology, identifying and characterizing disease states, and recapitulating physiological tissues or development in vitro. This comprehensive proteomics analysis represents the ovarian proteomic codex and contributes to an improved understanding of the critical roles that ECM plays throughout the ovarian life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emna Ouni
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valerie Nedbal
- Global Technical Enablement, SAS Institute GmbH, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Kalina T Haas
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Alexis Peaucelle
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Olivier Van Kerk
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gaetan Herinckx
- PHOS Unit & MASSPROT platform de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Gynecology and Andrology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Madeleine Dolmans
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Gynecology and Andrology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Timo Tuuri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marjut Otala
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christiani A Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Didier Vertommen
- PHOS Unit & MASSPROT platform de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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12
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Kerschen A, Aydin S, Marbaix E, Gérin V, Haufroid V, Daudon M, Vanhaebost J. Misdiagnosis of a primary vaginal stone leading to a suspicion of sexual assault in a heavily disabled woman. Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00085030.2022.2051326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kerschen
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Centre of Forensic Medicine, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Selda Aydin
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Morphology Research Group, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Morphology Research Group, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Gérin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Clinique Saint-Pierre, Ottignies, Belgium
| | - Vincent Haufroid
- Morphology Research Group, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Louvain Center for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Daudon
- GRC n°20, Department of Multidisciplinary Functional Explorations, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Jessica Vanhaebost
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Centre of Forensic Medicine, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Morphology Research Group, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
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13
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Claude E, de Lhoneux G, Pierreux CE, Marbaix E, de Ville de Goyet M, Boulanger C, Van Damme A, Brichard B, Decottignies A. Detection of alternative lengthening of telomeres mechanism on tumor sections. Mol Biomed 2021; 2:32. [PMID: 35006465 PMCID: PMC8607387 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of adult cancer cells achieve cellular immortality by activating a telomere maintenance mechanism (TMM). While this is mostly achieved by the de-silencing of hTERT telomerase gene expression, an alternative homologous recombination-based and telomerase-independent mechanism, known as ALT (Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres), is frequently activated in a subset of tumors, including paediatric cancers. Being absent from normal cells, the ALT mechanism offers interesting perspectives for new targeted cancer therapies. To date, however, the development of better translationally applicable tools for ALT detection in tumor sections is still needed. Here, using a newly derived ALT-positive cancer cell mouse xenograft model, we extensively examined how the previously known ALT markers could be used as reliable tools for ALT diagnosis in tumor sections. We found that, together with the detection of ultra-bright telomeric signals (UBS), an ALT hallmark, native telomeric FISH, that detects single-stranded C-rich telomeric DNA, provides a very sensitive and robust tool for ALT diagnosis in tissues. We applied these assays to paediatric tumor samples and readily identified three ALT-positive tumors for which the TMM was confirmed by the gold-standard C-circle amplification assay. Although the latter offers a robust assay for ALT detection in the context of research laboratories, it is more difficult to set up in histopathological laboratories and could therefore be conveniently replaced by the combination of UBS detection and native telomeric FISH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloïse Claude
- Genetic & Epigenetic Alterations of Genomes Unit, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume de Lhoneux
- Genetic & Epigenetic Alterations of Genomes Unit, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Etienne Marbaix
- Cell Unit, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Anatomopathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maëlle de Ville de Goyet
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cécile Boulanger
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - An Van Damme
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bénédicte Brichard
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anabelle Decottignies
- Genetic & Epigenetic Alterations of Genomes Unit, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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14
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Abstract
Endometriosis and adenomyosis are two frequent diseases closely linked, characterized by ectopic endometrium. Despite their benign nature, endometriosis and adenomyosis impair women’s quality of life by causing pain and infertility and an increase in the incidence of gynecological malignancies has been reported. Since the first description of ectopic endometrium in 1860, different attempts have been made to describe, classify and understand the origin of these diseases. Several theories have been proposed to describe the pathogenic mechanism leading to the development of adenomyosis or endometriosis. However, all the hypotheses show some limitations in explaining all the different aspects and manifestations of these diseases. Despite the remarkable progress made over recent years, the pathogeneses of endometriosis and adenomyosis remain unclear. Moreover, because of the lack of standardized protocols and diagnostic criteria in pathology practice it is difficult to study and to classify these disorders. The goal of this review is to summarize the pathological aspects of adenomyosis and endometriosis, spanning a historical perspective to newly reported data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Camboni
- Gynecology Research Unit, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Pathology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Correspondence:
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Pathology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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15
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Thieffry C, Van Wynendaele M, Aynaci A, Maja M, Dupuis C, Loriot A, Marbaix E, Henriet P. AG-205 Upregulates Enzymes Involved in Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Steroidogenesis in Human Endometrial Cells Independently of PGRMC1 and Related MAPR Proteins. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1472. [PMID: 34680104 PMCID: PMC8533447 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An inappropriate response to progestogens in the human endometrium can result in fertility issues and jeopardize progestin-based treatments against pathologies such as endometriosis. PGRMC1 can mediate progesterone response in the breast and ovaries but its endometrial functions remain unknown. AG-205 is an alleged PGRMC1 inhibitor but its specificity was recently questioned. We added AG-205 in the cultures of two endometrial cell lines and performed a transcriptomic comparison. AG-205 significantly increased expression of genes coding enzymes of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway or of steroidogenesis. However, these observations were not reproduced with cells transfected with siRNA against PGRMC1 or its related proteins (MAPRs). Furthermore, AG-205 retained its ability to increase expression of selected target genes even when expression of PGRMC1 or all MAPRs was concomitantly downregulated, indicating that neither PGRMC1 nor any MAPR is required to mediate AG-205 effect. In conclusion, although AG-205 has attractive effects encouraging its use to develop therapeutic strategies, for instance against breast cancer, our study delivers two important warning messages. First, AG-205 is not specific for PGRMC1 or other MAPRs and its mechanisms of action remain unclear. Second, due to its effects on genes involved in steroidogenesis, its use may increase the risk for endometrial pathologies resulting from imbalanced hormones concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Thieffry
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.T.); (M.V.W.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Marie Van Wynendaele
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.T.); (M.V.W.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Asena Aynaci
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.T.); (M.V.W.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Mauriane Maja
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.T.); (M.V.W.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Caroline Dupuis
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.T.); (M.V.W.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Axelle Loriot
- GEPI Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.T.); (M.V.W.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- Pathology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Henriet
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.T.); (M.V.W.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
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16
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Dewulf JP, Paquay S, Marbaix E, Achouri Y, Van Schaftingen E, Bommer GT. ECHDC1 knockout mice accumulate ethyl-branched lipids and excrete abnormal intermediates of branched-chain fatty acid metabolism. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101083. [PMID: 34419447 PMCID: PMC8473548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytosolic enzyme ethylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase (ECHDC1) decarboxylates ethyl- or methyl-malonyl-CoA, two side products of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. These CoA derivatives can be used to synthesize a subset of branched-chain fatty acids (FAs). We previously found that ECHDC1 limits the synthesis of these abnormal FAs in cell lines, but its effects in vivo are unknown. To further evaluate the effects of ECHDC1 deficiency, we generated knockout mice. These mice were viable, fertile, showed normal postnatal growth, and lacked obvious macroscopic and histologic changes. Surprisingly, tissues from wild-type mice already contained methyl-branched FAs due to methylmalonyl-CoA incorporation, but these FAs were only increased in the intraorbital glands of ECHDC1 knockout mice. In contrast, ECHDC1 knockout mice accumulated 16–20-carbon FAs carrying ethyl-branches in all tissues, which were undetectable in wild-type mice. Ethyl-branched FAs were incorporated into different lipids, including acylcarnitines, phosphatidylcholines, plasmanylcholines, and triglycerides. Interestingly, we found a variety of unusual glycine-conjugates in the urine of knockout mice, which included adducts of ethyl-branched compounds in different stages of oxidation. This suggests that the excretion of potentially toxic intermediates of branched-chain FA metabolism might prevent a more dramatic phenotype in these mice. Curiously, ECHDC1 knockout mice also accumulated 2,2-dimethylmalonyl-CoA. This indicates that the broad specificity of ECHDC1 might help eliminate a variety of potentially dangerous branched-chain dicarboxylyl-CoAs. We conclude that ECHDC1 prevents the formation of ethyl-branched FAs and that urinary excretion of glycine-conjugates allows mice to eliminate potentially deleterious intermediates of branched-chain FA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Dewulf
- Department of Biochemistry, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital St Luc, UCLouvain, Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Stéphanie Paquay
- Department of Biochemistry, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital St Luc, UCLouvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, University Hospital St Luc, UCLouvain, Bruxelles, Belgium; Department of Cell Biology, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Younès Achouri
- Transgenesis Platform, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Emile Van Schaftingen
- Department of Biochemistry, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Guido T Bommer
- Department of Biochemistry, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium.
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Dasgupta S, de Jonge E, Van Bockstal MR, Wong-Alcala LSM, Wilhelmus S, Makkus LACF, Schelfout K, Van de Vijver KK, Smits S, Marbaix E, Koljenović S, van Kemenade FJ, Ewing-Graham PC. Histological interpretation of differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (dVIN) remains challenging-observations from a bi-national ring-study. Virchows Arch 2021; 479:305-315. [PMID: 33682013 PMCID: PMC8364542 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (dVIN) is a premalignant lesion that is known to progress rapidly to invasive carcinoma. Accurate histological diagnosis is therefore crucial to allow appropriate treatment. To identify reliable diagnostic features, we evaluated the inter-observer agreement in the histological assessment of dVIN, among a bi-national, multi-institutional group of pathologists. Two investigators from Erasmus MC selected 36 hematoxylin-eosin-stained glass slides of dVIN and no-dysplasia, and prepared a list of 15 histological features of dVIN. Nine participating pathologists (i) diagnosed each slide as dVIN or no-dysplasia, (ii) indicated which features they used for the diagnosis, and (iii) rated these features in terms of their diagnostic usefulness. Diagnoses rendered by > 50% participants were taken as the consensus (gold standard). p53-immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for all cases, and the expression patterns were correlated with the consensus diagnoses. Kappa (ĸ)-statistics were computed to measure inter-observer agreements, and concordance of the p53-IHC patterns with the consensus diagnoses. For the diagnosis of dVIN, overall agreement was moderate (ĸ = 0.42), and pair-wise agreements ranged from slight (ĸ = 0.10) to substantial (ĸ = 0.73). Based on the levels of agreement and ratings of usefulness, the most helpful diagnostic features were parakeratosis, cobblestone appearance, chromatin abnormality, angulated nuclei, atypia discernable under × 100, and altered cellular alignment. p53-IHC patterns showed substantial concordance (ĸ = 0.67) with the consensus diagnoses. Histological interpretation of dVIN remains challenging with suboptimal inter-observer agreement. We identified the histological features that may facilitate the diagnosis of dVIN. For cases with a histological suspicion of dVIN, consensus-based pathological evaluation may improve the reliability of the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatavisha Dasgupta
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Postbus 2040, Be-building, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elf de Jonge
- Department of Pathology, Groene Hart Ziekenhuis, Gouda, The Netherlands
| | - Mieke R. Van Bockstal
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Suzanne Wilhelmus
- Department of Pathology, Pathan B.V., Laboratory for Pathology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Katrien Schelfout
- Department of Pathology, Bravis Ziekenhuis, Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Ziekenhuis Geel, Geel, Belgium
| | - Koen K. Van de Vijver
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sander Smits
- Department of Pathology, Pathan B.V., Laboratory for Pathology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Senada Koljenović
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Postbus 2040, Be-building, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert J. van Kemenade
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Postbus 2040, Be-building, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia C. Ewing-Graham
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Postbus 2040, Be-building, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Asiabi P, Leonel ECR, Marbaix E, Dolmans MM, Amorim CA. Immunodetection and quantification of enzymatic markers in theca cells: the early process of ovarian steroidogenesis†. Biol Reprod 2021; 102:145-155. [PMID: 31504196 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between theca cells (TCs) and granulosa cells is pivotal to steroid biosynthesis in the ovary. During the late secondary follicle stage, TCs form a layer around granulosa cells, after which their steroidogenic function falls under the control of luteinizing hormone (LH) that activates the cAMP signaling pathway via a G protein-coupled receptor. In addition to perilipin-2, a marker for lipid droplets containing esters as substrates for TCs to produce steroidogenic hormones, other essential proteins, like steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 11A1, cytochrome P450c17, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5 -> 4-isomerase type 1, and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5 -> 4-isomerase type 2, play a role in the cascade after luteinizing hormone-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor (LH/CG-R) occupation by LH. The aim of the present study was to assess expression levels and corresponding amounts of LH/CG-R, perilipin-2, and enzymes involved in the steroidogenic pathway of TCs based on follicle stage. Immunohistochemical analysis of each of these proteins was therefore performed on ovarian samples from nine adult women, most (n = 8) with BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutations undergoing prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy. Pictures were taken of the theca layer of secondary, small (<3000 μm), and large (>3000 μm) antral follicles and corpora lutea at 100× magnification. ImageJ software was used to analyze the surface area and expression intensity of each protein at each stage, known as the staining index. Overall, our data showed that LH/CG-R, perilipin-2, and StAR expression increased in the course of folliculogenesis and luteinization. Similarly, cytochrome P450 11A1, cytochrome P450c17, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5 -> 4-isomerase type 1, and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5 -> 4-isomerase type 2 expression were substantially elevated in TCs during folliculogenesis, evidenced by their coordinated action in terms of area covered and expression intensity. This study, conducted for the first time on human ovarian tissue, contributes to localizing and quantifying expression of key steroidogenic proteins at both intracellular and tissue levels. These findings may shed new light on pathological conditions involving the human ovary, such as androgen-secreting tumors of the ovary and other disorders associated with ovarian TCs in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Asiabi
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E C R Leonel
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Marbaix
- Pathology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M M Dolmans
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Gynecology and Andrology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C A Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Ouni E, Bouzin C, Dolmans MM, Marbaix E, Pyr Dit Ruys S, Vertommen D, Amorim CA. Spatiotemporal changes in mechanical matrisome components of the human ovary from prepuberty to menopause. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:1391-1410. [PMID: 32539154 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How do elastic matrisome components change during the lifetime of the human ovary? SUMMARY ANSWER The deposition and remodeling of mechanical matrisome components (collagen, elastin, elastin microfibril interface-located protein 1 (EMILIN-1), fibrillin-1 and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)) that play key roles in signaling pathways related to follicle activation and development evolve in an age- and follicle stage-related manner. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The mechanobiology of the human ovary and dynamic reciprocity that exists between ovarian cells and their microenvironment is of high importance. Indeed, while the localization of primordial follicles in the collagen-rich ovarian cortex offers a rigid physical environment that supports follicle architecture and probably plays a role in their survival, ovarian extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness limits follicle expansion and hence oocyte maturation, maintaining follicles in their quiescent state. As growing follicles migrate to the medulla of the ovary, they encounter a softer, more pliant ECM, allowing expansion and development. Thus, changes in the rigidity of the ovarian ECM have a direct effect on follicle behavior. Evidence supporting a role for the physical environment in follicle activation was provided in clinical practice by ovarian tissue fragmentation, which promoted actin polymerization and disrupted ovarian Hippo signaling, leading to increased expression of downstream growth factors, promotion of follicle growth and generation of mature oocytes. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We investigated quantitative spatiotemporal changes in collagen, elastin, EMILIN-1, fibrillin-1 and GAGs from prepuberty to menopause, before conducting a closer analysis of the ECM surrounding follicles, from primordial to secondary stages, in both prepubertal and tissue from women of reproductive age. The study included ovarian tissue (cortex) from 68 patients of different ages: prepubertal (n = 16; mean age [±SD]=8 ± 2 years); reproductive (n = 21; mean age [±SD]=27 ± 4 years); menopausal with estrogen-based HRT (n = 7; mean age [±SD]=58 ± 4 years); and menopausal without HRT (n = 24; mean age [±SD]=61 ± 5 years). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Quantitative investigations of collagen and GAG deposition in ovarian tissue throughout a woman's lifetime were conducted by analyzing brightfield images. Characteristic features of collagen fiber content were based on polarized light microscopy, since polarized light changes with fiber thickness. To evaluate the deposition and distribution of elastin, fibrillin-1 and EMILIN-1, multiplex immunofluorescence was used on at least three sections from each patient. Image processing and tailored bioinformatic analysis were applied to enable spatiotemporal quantitative evaluation of elastic system component deposition in the human ovary over its lifetime. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE While collagen levels increased with age, fibrillin-1 and EMILIN-1 declined. Interestingly, collagen and elastin reached their peak in reproductive-age women compared to prepubertal (P < 0.01; P = 0.262) and menopausal subjects with (P = 0.706; P < 0.01) and without (P = 0.987; P = 0.610) HRT, indicating a positive impact of secreted estrogen and hormone treatment on collagen and elastin preservation. Interestingly, HRT appears to affect elastin presence in ovarian tissue, since a significantly higher (P < 0.05) proportion of elastin was detected in biopsies from menopausal women taking HRT compared to those not. Higher GAG levels were found in adult ovaries compared to prepubertal ovaries (P < 0.05), suggesting changes in tissue ultrastructure and elasticity with age. In this context, elevated GAG values are suspected to participate in hampering formation of the fibrillin-1 network (r = -0.2475; P = 0.04687), which explains its decline over time. This decline partially accounts for the decrease in EMILIN-1 (r = 0.4149; P = 0.00059). Closer examination of the ECM surrounding follicles from the primordial to the secondary stage, both before and after puberty, points to high levels of mechanical stress placed on prepubertal follicles compared to the more compliant ECM around reproductive-age follicles, as suggested by the higher collagen levels and lower elastin content detected mainly around primordial (P < 0.0001; P < 0.0001, respectively) and primary (P < 0.0001; P < 0.001, respectively) follicles. Such a stiff niche is nonpermissive to prepubertal follicle activation and growth, and is more inclined to quiescence. LARGE SCALE DATA Not applicable. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The duration and form of administered HRT were not considered when studying the menopausal patient group undergoing treatment. Moreover, we cannot exclude interference from other nongynecological medications taken by the study patients on ovarian ECM properties since there is no information in the literature describing the impact of each medication on the ECM. Finally, since the ECM is by definition a very heterogeneous meshwork of proteins, the use of two-dimensional histology could be a limitation. Single time points on fixed tissues could also present limitations, since following ovary dynamics from prepuberty to menopause in the same patient is not feasible. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS From a biomechanical perspective, our study revealed important changes to ECM properties dictating the mechanical features of ovarian tissue, in line with the existing literature. Our findings pave the way for possible therapeutic targets at the ECM level in the context of female fertility and ovarian rejuvenation, such as mechanical stimulation, antifibrotic treatments, and prevention or reversion of elastic ECM degradation. Our study also sheds light on the follicle-specific ECM composition that is dependent on follicle stage and age. These data will prove very useful in designing biomimetic scaffolds and tissue-engineered models like the artificial ovary. Indeed, they emphasize the importance of encapsulating each type of isolated follicle in an appropriate biomaterial that must replicate the corresponding functional perifollicular ECM and respect ovarian tissue heterogeneity in order to guarantee its biomimicry. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by grants from the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique (FNRS) (C.A.A. is an FRS-FNRS research associate; grant 5/4/150/5 awarded to M.M.D.) and the Université Catholique de Louvain (PhD grant 'Coopération au développement' awarded to E.O.). None of the authors have any competing interests to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ouni
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M M Dolmans
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.,Gynecology and Andrology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Marbaix
- Pathology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.,Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Pyr Dit Ruys
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Vertommen
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C A Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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20
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Vandewal A, Delbecque K, Van Rompuy AS, Noel JC, Marbaix E, Delvenne P, Nisolle M, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, Kridelka F, Vergote I, Goffin F, Han SN. Curative effect of second curettage for treatment of gestational trophoblastic disease - Results of the Belgian registry for gestational trophoblastic disease. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 257:95-99. [PMID: 33383413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We assessed the curative effect of a second curettage in patients with persistent hCG serum levels after first curettage for a gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). STUDY DESIGN This prospective observational study used the data of the Belgian register for GTD between July 2012 and January 2017. We analysed the data of patients who underwent a second curettage. We included 313 patients in the database. Primary endpoints were need for second curettage and chemotherapy. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients of the study population (12 %) underwent a second curettage. 20 had persistent human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) elevation before second curettage. Of them, 9 patients (45 %) needed no further treatment afterwards. Eleven patients (55 %) needed further chemotherapy. Nine (82 %) were cured with single-agent chemotherapy and 2 patients (18 %) needed multi-agent chemotherapy. Of the 37 patients, patients with hCG levels below 5000 IU/L undergoing a second curettage were cured without chemotherapy in 65 % versus 45 % of patients with hCG level more than 5000 IU/L. Of the ten patients with a hCG level below 1000 IU/L, eight were cured without chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Patients with post-mole gestational trophoblastic neoplasia can benefit from a second curettage to avoid chemotherapy, especially when the hCG level is lower than 5000 IU/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vandewal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynecologic Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Delbecque
- Department of Pathologic Anatomy, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - A S Van Rompuy
- Department of Pathologic Anatomy, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J-Ch Noel
- Department of Pathologic Anatomy, Erasmus Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Marbaix
- Department of Pathologic Anatomy, University Hospital Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Delvenne
- Department of Pathologic Anatomy, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - M Nisolle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - E Van Nieuwenhuysen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynecologic Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Kridelka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - I Vergote
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynecologic Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Goffin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - S N Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynecologic Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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21
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Guichard M, Wilms T, Mahri S, Patil HP, Hoton D, Ucakar B, Vanvarenberg K, Cheou P, Beka M, Marbaix E, Leal T, Vanbever R. PEGylation of Recombinant Human Deoxyribonuclease I Provides a Long‐Acting Version of the Mucolytic for Patients with Cystic Fibrosis. Adv Therap 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie‐Julie Guichard
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Tobias Wilms
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Sohaib Mahri
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Harshad P. Patil
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Delphine Hoton
- St‐Luc University Hospital Anatomopathology Department 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Bernard Ucakar
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Kevin Vanvarenberg
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Pamela Cheou
- UCLouvain, de Duve Institute Experimental Medicine Unit 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Mathilde Beka
- UCLouvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC) Louvain Center for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Department of Communicable Diseases Interactive Research School for Health Affairs Bharati Vidyapeeth University Pune Maharashtra India
- UCLouvain, de Duve Institute Cell Biology Unit 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Teresinha Leal
- UCLouvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC) Louvain Center for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Rita Vanbever
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials 1200 Brussels Belgium
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22
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Mandour MF, Soe PP, Uyttenhove C, Van Snick J, Marbaix E, Coutelier JP. Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus enhances natural killer cell-mediated immunosurveillance of mouse mesothelioma development. Infect Agent Cancer 2020; 15:30. [PMID: 32391074 PMCID: PMC7203855 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-020-00288-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Viral infections can reduce early cancer development through enhancement of cancer immunosurveillance. This study was performed to analyse this effect of viral infection in a mouse model of solid tumor. Methods The experimental model used was the effect of BALB/c mouse infection by lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus on AB1 mesothelioma cancer development. Results Acute infection with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus strongly reduced in vivo early AB1 mesothelioma growth and death resulting from cancer development. This effect was not due to a direct cytolytic effect of the virus on AB1 cells, but to an in vivo activation of natural killer cells. Gamma-interferon production rather than cytotoxic activity against AB1 cells mediated this protective effect. This gamma-interferon production by natural killer cells was dependent on interleukin-12 production. Conclusions Together with other reported effects of infectious agents on cancer development, this observation may support the hypothesis that enhancement of innate immunosurveillance against tumors may result from infection with common infectious agents through modulation of the host immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Mandour
- 1Unit of Experimental Medicine, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, SSS/DDUV - ICP, Av. Hippocrate 75, bte B1.75.02, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.,2Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Pyone Pyone Soe
- 1Unit of Experimental Medicine, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, SSS/DDUV - ICP, Av. Hippocrate 75, bte B1.75.02, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.,3Department of Pathology, University of Medicine, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Catherine Uyttenhove
- 4Ludwig Institute, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Van Snick
- 4Ludwig Institute, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- 5Unit of Cell Biology, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Coutelier
- 1Unit of Experimental Medicine, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, SSS/DDUV - ICP, Av. Hippocrate 75, bte B1.75.02, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Hoffmann D, Dvorakova T, Stroobant V, Bouzin C, Daumerie A, Solvay M, Klaessens S, Letellier MC, Renauld JC, van Baren N, Lelotte J, Marbaix E, Van den Eynde BJ. Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase Expression Identified in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells and in Intratumoral Pericytes of Most Cancers. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 8:19-31. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Linsen L, T'Joen V, Van Der Straeten C, Van Landuyt K, Marbaix E, Bekaert S, Ectors N. Biobank Quality Management in the BBMRI.be Network. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:141. [PMID: 31294024 PMCID: PMC6606712 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
From as early as 2005, different guidelines and quality standards covering biobank activities and sample handling methods have been developed to improve and guarantee the reproducibility of biomarker research. Ten years on, the BBMRI.be Quality working group wanted to gauge the current situation of these aspects in the biobanks of the BBMRI.be network. To this end, two online surveys were launched (fall 2017 and fall 2018) to the biobank quality managers in the BBMRI.be network to determine the status and setup of their current quality management system (QMS) and how their QMS and related practices have evolved over a 14 month time period. All biobanks addressed by the two surveys provided a complete response (12 and 13, respectively). A QMS was implemented in 85% of biobanks, with 4 standards emerging as primary basis. Supplementary guidelines were used, with a strong preference for the ISBER best practices for biobanks. The Standard Preanalytical Code—an indicator of the preanalytical lifecycle of a biospecimen impacting the downstream analysis results—was already implemented in 50% of the biobanks while the other half intends future implementation. To assess and maintain the quality of their QMS, 62% of biobanks used self-assessment tools and 71% participated in proficiency testing schemes. The majority of biobanks had implemented procedures for general and biobank specific activities. However, policies regarding the business and sustainability aspect of biobank were only implemented in a limited number of biobanks. A clear desire for a peer-review audit was expressed by 69% of biobanks, with over half of them intending to implement the recently published biobank standard ISO20387. Overall, the biobanks of the BBMRI.be network have actively implemented a solid quality approach in their practices. The implementation of ISO 20387 may bring further professionalization of activities. Based on the needs expressed in this survey, the Quality working group will be setting up an audit program for the BBMRI.be biobanks, to enhance, harmonize and streamline their activities. On the whole, the biobanks in the BBMRI.be network are able to substantially contribute to translational research, as a primary facilitator guaranteeing high quality standards and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loes Linsen
- Biobank, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veronique T'Joen
- Bioresource Center Ghent, Health Innovation and Research Institute, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Catherine Van Der Straeten
- Bioresource Center Ghent, Health Innovation and Research Institute, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Etienne Marbaix
- Pathology Department, de Duve Institute, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sofie Bekaert
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty for Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nadine Ectors
- Biobank, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Vande Loock K, Van der Stock E, Debucquoy A, Emmerechts K, Van Damme N, Marbaix E. The Belgian Virtual Tumorbank: A Tool for Translational Cancer Research. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:120. [PMID: 31214591 PMCID: PMC6554332 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Biobanks play a critical role in cancer research by providing high quality biological samples for research. However, the availability of tumor samples in single research institutions is often limited, especially for rare cancers. In order to facilitate the search for samples scattered among different Belgian institutions, a nationwide virtual tumorbank project was launched and is operational since February 2012. The Belgian Virtual Tumorbank (BVT) network encompasses the tumor biobanks from eleven Belgian university hospitals that collect and store residual human tumor samples locally and is coordinated by the Belgian Cancer Registry. Materials and Methods: A web application was developed and consists of two modules. The registration module (BVTr) centralizes the tumor sample data from the local partner biobanks. The catalog module (BVTc) allows researchers to trace the tumor samples in the 11 tumor biobanks. The BVTc contains patient, medical and technical data, but excludes identifying information to ensure privacy of individuals. Automatic and manual controls guarantee high quality data on the samples requested by scientists for research purposes in oncology. A major advantage of the BVT network is that the available data can be linked to the data of the Belgian Cancer Registry for quality control purposes. Results: Currently, more than 92,000 registrations are available in the catalog. Twenty-seven percent of the residual primary tumor samples originate from breast tissue, but also less frequent localisations such as head and neck (4%), male genital organs (1.7%), and urinary tract (1%) are available. In addition to the residual tumor tissue samples, also other available material can be stored and registered by the local biobanks. The most common type is corresponding normal tissue (19%).Other frequently available materials are plasma, blood, serum, DNA, and buffy coat. Even PBMCs, RNA, cytology, and urine are available in some cases. Discussion and Conclusion: The BVT catalog is a valuable source of information for oncology research and the ultimate goal is to promote multidisciplinary cancer research (i.e., pathogenesis, disease prediction, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis) for the benefit of all cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Etienne Marbaix
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Université Catholique de Louvain, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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Navarro Moreno C, Delestienne A, Marbaix E, Aydin S, Hörtnagel K, Lechner S, Sznajer Y, Beauloye V, Maiter D, Lysy PA. Familial Forms of Cushing Syndrome in Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease Presenting with Short Stature and Insidious Symptoms: A Clinical Series. Horm Res Paediatr 2018; 89:423-433. [PMID: 29909407 DOI: 10.1159/000488761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cushing syndrome (CS) is a rare disease in children, frequently associated with subtle or periodic symptoms that may delay its diagnosis. Weight gain and growth failure, the hallmarks of hypercortisolism in pediatrics, may be inconsistent, especially in ACTH-independent forms of CS. Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) is the rarest form of ACTH-independent CS, and can be associated with endocrine and nonendocrine tumors, forming the Carney complex (CNC). Recently, phenotype/genotype correlations have been described with particular forms of CNC where PPNAD is isolated or associated only with skin lesions. We present four familial series of CS due to isolated PPNAD, and compare them to available data from the literature. We discuss the clinical and molecular findings, and underline challenges in diagnosing PPNAD in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Navarro Moreno
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amaury Delestienne
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Pathology Department, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Selda Aydin
- Pathology Department, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Yves Sznajer
- Centre for Human Genetics, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Beauloye
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Maiter
- Endocrinology Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe A Lysy
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Alessandro S, Magremanne M, Marbaix E, Reychler H, Mahy P. Axillary lymph node metastasis in second oropharyngeal cancer. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 120:160-163. [PMID: 30391374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of metastasizing in axillary lymph node is occasional in the head and neck cancers. This pattern of spread is difficult to explain and totally unpredictable even for these lymphophilic cancers. OBSERVATION A 72-year-old patient benefited, 11 years ago, of surgical oncology care associated with adjuvant radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the left floor of the mouth (pT4 pN2b M0). He presented a second primary malignancy at the right oropharyngeal level. Pet CT revealed a right infraclinic axillary metastasis. The metastatic origin was confirmed by pathological analysis. DISCUSSION The current management of head and neck cancers is based on the histological pattern of infiltration, the size of the primary tumor and the pattern of metastasizing lymph nodes and potential distant spreading. Current tests allow us to diagnose most distant metastases even outside the usual area of lymphatic drainage. Involvement of axillary lymph node, probably through retrograde lymphatic spreading is not so rare in recurrences of oropharyngeal cancer (T3-T4, N2…) as we have observed in the literature. In this review, we raise some degree of similarity between such oncological progression and factors related to this aberrant spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alessandro
- Service de stomatologie et chirurgie maxillo-faciale, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, UCL, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - M Magremanne
- Service de stomatologie et chirurgie maxillo-faciale, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, UCL, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - E Marbaix
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, UCL, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - H Reychler
- Service de stomatologie et chirurgie maxillo-faciale, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, UCL, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - P Mahy
- Service de stomatologie et chirurgie maxillo-faciale, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, UCL, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
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Sironval V, Reylandt L, Ibouraadaten S, Palmai-Pallag M, Yakoub Y, Tomatis M, Ucakar B, Vanbever R, Marbaix E, Lison D, van den Brule S. Respiratory hazard of Li-ion battery components: elective toxicity of lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) particles via IL-1β and HIF-1α. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Schneider K, Marbaix E, Bouzin C, Hamoir M, Mahy P, Bol V, Grégoire V. Immune cell infiltration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and patient outcome: a retrospective study. Acta Oncol 2018; 57:1165-1172. [PMID: 29493423 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2018.1445287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is on the rise. HPV-linked OPSCCs represent a distinct clinical entity with a better treatment response and patient survival compared to tumors not linked to HPV. An emerging role in treatment response has been attributed to immune cell infiltration in human tumors. In this study, we investigated immune cell infiltration in human SCC of the head and neck region and its relation to overall survival after treatment with surgery (with or without radiotherapy) or concomitant chemo (or cetuximab)-radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Paraffin-embedded tumor samples of 136 patients with SCC of the larynx, hypopharynx, oral cavity and oropharynx were processed for immunohistochemical detection of CD3+ T-cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, CD20+ B-cells and CD163+ M2 macrophages within the tumor infiltrated area. Clinico-pathological data were analyzed as a function of tumor location and p16-status. Immune cell infiltration was represented as stained area on the whole tumor infiltrated area, compared for the different tumor locations and correlated to patient survival. RESULTS Patients with oropharynx tumors expressing significant p16 levels (p16-sg) had a 5-year overall survival of 85% compared to 43% for patients with no significant p16 (p16-ns) expression (HR: 0.3 - 95% CI: 0.1-0.6). Median immune cell infiltration (T- and B-lymphocytes) was significantly elevated in p16-sg oropharyngeal tumors, compared to p16-ns oropharyngeal tumors and to all other head and neck tumor locations. No difference in CD163+ macrophage infiltration was observed across the different patient groups. In the whole population, a high infiltration by CD3+ T-lymphocytes was associated to a significantly (p = .03; HR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-0.97) better overall survival. CONCLUSION Oropharynx cancer with significant p16 expression showed an increased overall survival and elevated T- and B-lymphocyte infiltration, which suggests a prognostic relevance of immune cell infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolin Schneider
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIRO), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Department of Pathology, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
- Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Hamoir
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, King Albert II Cancer Institute, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Mahy
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Albert II Cancer Institute, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vanesa Bol
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIRO), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Grégoire
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIRO), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King Albert II Cancer Institute, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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Tock S, Jadoul P, Squifflet JL, Marbaix E, Baurain JF, Luyckx M. Fertility Sparing Treatment in Patients With Early Stage Endometrial Cancer, Using a Combination of Surgery and GnRH Agonist: A Monocentric Retrospective Study and Review of the Literature. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:240. [PMID: 30211167 PMCID: PMC6119688 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist after endometrial resection in women suffering early stage endometrial carcinoma (EC) and/or endometrial intra-epithelial neoplasia (EIN). Design: A retrospective review of clinical files between January 1999 and December 2016. Setting: University hospital. Patients: Eighteen women younger than 41 years with grade 1 endometrial carcinoma (G1EC) and/or Endometrial intra-epithelial neoplasia (EIN). INTERVENTIONS All patients received GnRH agonist for 3 months after an endometrial resection combined with a laparoscopy to exclude concomitant ovarian tumor and/or other extra-uterine disease. The patient underwent a follow-up of 3 months interval with endometrial sampling by hysteroscopy. Main Outcome Measure(s): The recurrence rate and the pregnancy rate after fertility sparing treatment. Results: We identified 9 patients with EIN (50%), 7 patients with G1EC (38.9%), 1 with combined histology (5.5%), and 1 with G2EC (5.5%). After a median follow-up of 40.7 months, 12 patients conserved their uterus (66.7%), and 8 (53.3%) patients were pregnant with a total of 14 pregnancies among those who tried to become pregnant. We observed a complete response rate in 12 patients (66.7%) but 3 of these patients relapsed (25%). We also found a stable disease in 6 patients (33.3%). Conclusions: Compared with other fertility sparing treatments, GnRH agonist after surgery is an effective fertility-sparing strategy for women with EIN and/or G1EC. We recommend hysterectomy once a family has been completed even if the literature does not clearly lead to radical surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Tock
- Department of Gynecology, Université catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Courtoy GE, Donnez J, Ambroise J, Arriagada P, Luyckx M, Marbaix E, Dolmans MM. Gene expression changes in uterine myomas in response to ulipristal acetate treatment. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 37:224-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Courtoy GE, Henriet P, Marbaix E, de Codt M, Luyckx M, Donnez J, Dolmans MM. Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity Correlates With Uterine Myoma Volume Reduction After Ulipristal Acetate Treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:1566-1573. [PMID: 29408988 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-02295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ulipristal acetate (UPA), a selective progesterone receptor modulator, clinically reduces uterine myoma size in 80% of cases. However, the molecular mechanism of action is still poorly understood, as is the reason why 20% of myomas do not respond to treatment. OBJECTIVE To elucidate whether matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are associated with myoma volume shrinkage after UPA therapy. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Academic research unit of a university hospital. PATIENTS Uterine biopsies were obtained from 59 patients with symptomatic myomas undergoing myomectomy, 45 of whom were treated preoperatively with either one or greater than or equal to two, 3-month courses of UPA and 14 not given any hormone therapy to serve as controls. Myoma volume was individually monitored during UPA therapy to determine any substantial clinical response (defined as a reduction in volume of >25%). Three groups were established based on the response to treatment: responsive (R) after one course (n = 12); R after two to four courses (n = 15); and nonresponsive (NR; n = 18). INTERVENTIONS UPA treatment given as preoperative management for symptomatic myomas. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES MMP and TIMP expression assessed by zymography and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Compared with controls and NR myomas, responders showed significantly higher expression levels for MMP-1 (P < 0.0001) and MMP-2 (P = 0.009) and significantly lower expression levels for TIMP-1 (P = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS The correlation found between MMP expression and volume fold change supports the notion that MMPs play a key role in UPA-induced myoma shrinkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume E Courtoy
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Henriet
- Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Pathology Department, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthieu de Codt
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Luyckx
- Gynecology and Andrology Department, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Donnez
- Société de Recherche pour l'Infertilité (SRI), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Madeleine Dolmans
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Gynecology and Andrology Department, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Sironval V, Reylandt L, Chaurand P, Ibouraadaten S, Palmai-Pallag M, Yakoub Y, Ucakar B, Rose J, Poleunis C, Vanbever R, Marbaix E, Lison D, van den Brule S. Respiratory hazard of Li-ion battery components: elective toxicity of lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2) particles in a mouse bioassay. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1673-1684. [PMID: 29550861 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2188-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable Li-ion batteries (LIB) are increasingly produced and used worldwide. LIB electrodes are made of micrometric and low solubility particles, consisting of toxicologically relevant elements. The health hazard of these materials is not known. Here, we investigated the respiratory hazard of three leading LIB components (LiFePO4 or LFP, Li4Ti5O12 or LTO, and LiCoO2 or LCO) and their mechanisms of action. Particles were characterized physico-chemically and elemental bioaccessibility was documented. Lung inflammation and fibrotic responses, as well as particle persistence and ion bioavailability, were assessed in mice after aspiration of LIB particles (0.5 or 2 mg); crystalline silica (2 mg) was used as reference. Acute inflammatory lung responses were recorded with the 3 LIB particles and silica, LCO being the most potent. Inflammation persisted 2 m after LFP, LCO and silica, in association with fibrosis in LCO and silica lungs. LIB particles persisted in the lungs after 2 m. Endogenous iron co-localized with cobalt in LCO lungs, indicating the formation of ferruginous bodies. Fe and Co ions were detected in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluids of LFP and LCO lungs, respectively. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) -1α, a marker of fibrosis and of the biological activity of Co ions, was upregulated in LCO and silica lungs. This study identified, for the first time, the respiratory hazard of LIB particles. LCO was at least as potent as crystalline silica to induce lung inflammation and fibrosis. Iron and cobalt, but not lithium, ions appear to contribute to LFP and LCO toxicity, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violaine Sironval
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52, bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Laurence Reylandt
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Sainte Barbe, 2, bte L5.02.02, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Perrine Chaurand
- CEREGE, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Avenue Louis Philibert, 13090, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Saloua Ibouraadaten
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52, bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mihaly Palmai-Pallag
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52, bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yousof Yakoub
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52, bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Ucakar
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1.73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Rose
- CEREGE, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Avenue Louis Philibert, 13090, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Claude Poleunis
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1, bte L4.01.10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Rita Vanbever
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1.73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- De Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 75, bte B1.75.02, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Lison
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52, bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sybille van den Brule
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52, bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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Dom G, Frank S, Floor S, Kehagias P, Libert F, Hoang C, Andry G, Spinette A, Craciun L, de Saint Aubin N, Tresallet C, Tissier F, Savagner F, Majjaj S, Gutierrez-Roelens I, Marbaix E, Dumont JE, Maenhaut C. Thyroid follicular adenomas and carcinomas: molecular profiling provides evidence for a continuous evolution. Oncotarget 2018; 9:10343-10359. [PMID: 29535811 PMCID: PMC5828225 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-autonomous thyroid nodules are common in the general population with a proportion found to be cancerous. A current challenge in the field is to be able to distinguish benign adenoma (FA) from preoperatively malignant thyroid follicular carcinoma (FTC), which are very similar both histologically and genetically. One controversial issue, which is currently not understood, is whether both tumor types represent different molecular entities or rather a biological continuum. To gain a better insight into FA and FTC tumorigenesis, we defined their molecular profiles by mRNA and miRNA microarray. Expression data were analyzed, validated by qRT-PCR and compared with previously published data sets. The majority of deregulated mRNAs were common between FA and FTC and were downregulated, however FTC showed additional deregulated mRNA. Both types of tumors share deregulated pathways, molecular functions and biological processes. The additional deregulations in FTC include the lipid transport process that may be involved in tumor progression. The strongest candidate genes which may be able to discriminate follicular adenomas and carcinomas, CRABP1, FABP4 and HMGA2, were validated in independent samples by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. However, they were not able to adequately classify FA or FTC, supporting the notion of continuous evolving tumors, whereby FA and FTC appear to show quantitative rather than qualitative changes. Conversely, miRNA expression profiles showed few dysregulations in FTC, and even fewer in FA, suggesting that miRNA play a minor, if any, role in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Dom
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Frank
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sebastien Floor
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pashalina Kehagias
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frederick Libert
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Hoang
- Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Guy Andry
- Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Frederique Tissier
- Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Ilse Gutierrez-Roelens
- Biolibrary of the King Albert II Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, and Institut de Duve, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Biolibrary of the King Albert II Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, and Institut de Duve, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques E. Dumont
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carine Maenhaut
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO, School of Medicine, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Courtoy GE, Donnez J, Marbaix E, Barreira M, Luyckx M, Dolmans MM. Progesterone Receptor Isoforms, Nuclear Corepressor-1 and Steroid Receptor Coactivator-1 and B-Cell Lymphoma 2 and Akt and Akt Phosphorylation Status in Uterine Myomas after Ulipristal Acetate Treatment: A Systematic Immunohistochemical Evaluation. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2017; 83:443-454. [PMID: 29227976 DOI: 10.1159/000480011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether ulipristal acetate (UPA) treatment modifies the expression of progesterone receptor (PR), its nuclear cofactors steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC1) and nuclear corepressor-1 (NCoR1), prosurvival factor B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Akt in uterine myomas. PATIENTS Prospective study of 59 women with symptomatic myomas undergoing myomectomy. Forty-two patients were treated preoperatively with UPA; the remaining 17 were not and they served as controls. METHOD Tissue microarrays were obtained from surgical specimens and immunohistochemistry was performed. Blinded quantification of expression of PR (PR-A vs. PR-B), coactivator SRC1 and corepressor NCoR1, and prosurvival factor Bcl-2, and Akt and evaluation of Akt phosphorylation levels. RESULTS Compared with the control group, UPA does not alter PR protein levels or expression patterns in myomas, and the PR-A/PR-B ratio was similar, as well as cytoplasmic or nuclear expression of cofactors SRC1 and NCoR1. Bcl-2 was heterogeneously expressed throughout the samples and no significant modification in expression was evidenced. No significant difference was found in Akt expression and phosphorylation between treated and untreated myomas. CONCLUSION This study did not find any significant change in the expression of the studied factors in myomas after UPA exposure. In conclusion, various theories on myomas cells proposed on the basis of in vitro studies are not supported in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume E Courtoy
- Pôle de Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Donnez
- Société de Recherche pour L'Infertilité (SRI), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium.,Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Matilde Barreira
- Pôle de Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Luyckx
- Gynecology Department, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Madeleine Dolmans
- Pôle de Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Gynecology Department, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Johanns M, Lemoine P, Janssens V, Grieco G, Moestrup SK, Nielsen R, Christensen EI, Courtoy PJ, Emonard H, Marbaix E, Henriet P. Cellular uptake of proMMP-2:TIMP-2 complexes by the endocytic receptor megalin/LRP-2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4328. [PMID: 28659595 PMCID: PMC5489529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04648-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are regulated at multiple transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, among which receptor-mediated endocytic clearance. We previously showed that low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) mediates the clearance of a complex between the zymogen form of MMP-2 (proMMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases, TIMP-2, in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. Here we show that, in BN16 rat yolk sac cells, proMMP-2:TIMP-2 complex is endocytosed through a distinct LRP member, megalin/LRP-2. Addition of receptor-associated protein (RAP), a natural LRP antagonist, caused accumulation of endogenous proMMP-2 and TIMP-2 in conditioned media. Incubation with RAP also inhibited membrane binding and cellular uptake of exogenous iodinated proMMP-2:TIMP-2. Moreover, antibodies against megalin/LRP-2, but not against LRP-1, inhibited binding of proMMP-2:TIMP-2 to BN16 cell surface. BIAcore analysis confirmed direct interaction between the complex and megalin/LRP-2. Conditional renal invalidation of megalin/LRP-2 in mice resulted in accumulation of proMMP-2 and TIMP-2 in their urine, highlighting the physiological relevance of the binding. We conclude that megalin/LRP-2 can efficiently mediate cell-surface binding and endocytosis of proMMP-2:TIMP-2 complex. Therefore megalin/LRP-2 can be considered as a new actor in regulation of MMP-2 activity, an enzyme crucially involved in many pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Johanns
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pascale Lemoine
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Virginie Janssens
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giuseppina Grieco
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Soren K Moestrup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rikke Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Pierre J Courtoy
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hervé Emonard
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Henriet
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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Henriet P, Mon KS, Marbaix E. Are matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors reliable diagnosis biomarkers and attractive therapeutic targets in endometriosis? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.2147/mnm.s102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Werion A, Joris V, Hepp M, Papasokrati L, Marique L, de Ville de Goyet C, Van Regemorter V, Mourad M, Lengelé B, Daumerie C, Marbaix E, Brichard S, Many MC, Craps J. Pioglitazone, a PPARγ Agonist, Upregulates the Expression of Caveolin-1 and Catalase, Essential for Thyroid Cell Homeostasis: A Clue to the Pathogenesis of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Thyroid 2016; 26:1320-31. [PMID: 27324467 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2015.0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of multiple target genes involved in several metabolic pathways as well as in inflammation. The expression and cell localization of caveolin-1 (Cav-1), thyroperoxidase (TPO), and dual oxidase (DUOX), involved in extracellular iodination, is modulated by Th1 cytokines in human normal thyroid cells and in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were (i) to analyze the PPARγ protein and mRNA expression at the follicular level in HT versus controls in correlation with the one of Cav-1; (ii) to study the effects of Th1 cytokines on PPARγ and catalase expression in human thyrocyte primary cultures; and (iii) to study the effects of pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, on thyroxisome components (Cav-1, TPO, DUOX) and on catalase, involved in antioxidant defense. RESULTS Although the global expression of PPARγ in the whole gland of patients with HT was not modified compared with controls, there was great heterogeneity among glands and among follicles within the same thyroid. Besides normal (type 1) follicles, there were around inflammatory zones, hyperactive (type 2) follicles with high PPARγ and Cav-1 expression, and inactive (type 3) follicles which were unable to form thyroxine and did not express PPARγ or Cav-1. In human thyrocytes in primary culture, Th1 cytokines decreased PPARγ and catalase expression; pioglitazone increased Cav-1, TPO, and catalase expression. CONCLUSION PPARγ may play a central role in normal thyroid physiology by upregulating Cav-1, essential for the organization of the thyroxisome and extracellular iodination. By upregulating catalase, PPARγ may also contribute to cell homeostasis. The inhibitory effect of Th1 cytokines on PPARγ expression may be considered as a new pathogenetic mechanism for HT, and the use of PPARγ agonists could open a new therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Werion
- 1 Pôles de Morphologie, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Virginie Joris
- 2 de Pharmacologie et Thérapeutique, et, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Hepp
- 1 Pôles de Morphologie, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lida Papasokrati
- 1 Pôles de Morphologie, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lancelot Marique
- 1 Pôles de Morphologie, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Michel Mourad
- 3 de Chirurgie, et, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoit Lengelé
- 1 Pôles de Morphologie, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chantal Daumerie
- 4 Départements d'Endocrinologie, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- 5 d'Anatomo-pathologie, Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Faculté de Médecine, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sonia Brichard
- 4 Départements d'Endocrinologie, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
- 6 d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Julie Craps
- 1 Pôles de Morphologie, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels, Belgium
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Huaux F, d'Ursel de Bousies V, Parent MA, Orsi M, Uwambayinema F, Devosse R, Ibouraadaten S, Yakoub Y, Panin N, Palmai-Pallag M, van der Bruggen P, Bailly C, Marega R, Marbaix E, Lison D. Mesothelioma response to carbon nanotubes is associated with an early and selective accumulation of immunosuppressive monocytic cells. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:46. [PMID: 27549627 PMCID: PMC4994252 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0158-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The asbestos-like toxicity of some engineered carbon nanotubes (CNT), notably their capacity to induce mesothelioma, is a serious cause of concern for public health. Here we show that carcinogenic CNT induce an early and sustained immunosuppressive response characterized by the accumulation of monocytic Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (M-MDSC) that counteract effective immune surveillance of tumor cells. Methods Wistar rats and C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with carcinogenic multi-walled Mitsui-7 CNT (CNT-7) or crocidolite asbestos. Peritoneal mesothelioma development and immune cell accumulation were assessed until 12 months. Leukocyte sub-populations were identified by recording expression of CD11b/c and His48 by flow cytometry. The immunosuppressive activity on T lymphocytes of purified peritoneal leukocytes was assessed in a co-culture assay with activated spleen cells. Results We demonstrate that long and short mesotheliomagenic CNT-7 injected in the peritoneal cavity of rats induced, like asbestos, an early and selective accumulation of monocytic cells (CD11b/cint and His48hi) which possess the ability to suppress polyclonal activation of T lymphocytes and correspond to M-MDSC. Peritoneal M-MDSC persisted during the development of peritoneal mesothelioma in CNT-7-treated rats but were only transiently recruited after non-carcinogenic CNT (CNT-M, CNT-T) injection. Peritoneal M-MDSC did not accumulate in mice which are resistant to mesothelioma development. Conclusions Our data provide new insights into the initial pathogenic events induced by CNT, adding a new component to the adverse outcome pathway leading to mesothelioma development. The specificity of the M-MDSC response after carcinogenic CNT exposure highlights the interest of this response for detecting the ability of new nanomaterials to cause cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-016-0158-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Huaux
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53 bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Virginie d'Ursel de Bousies
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53 bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Astrid Parent
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53 bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Micaela Orsi
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53 bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francine Uwambayinema
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53 bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Raynal Devosse
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53 bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Saloua Ibouraadaten
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53 bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yousof Yakoub
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53 bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nadtha Panin
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53 bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mihaly Palmai-Pallag
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53 bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre van der Bruggen
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch, de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Bailly
- Bio and Soft Matter (BSMA), Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Riccardo Marega
- Departement of Chemistry, Université de Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Lison
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53 bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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van den Brule S, Ambroise J, Lecloux H, Levard C, Soulas R, De Temmerman PJ, Palmai-Pallag M, Marbaix E, Lison D. Dietary silver nanoparticles can disturb the gut microbiota in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:38. [PMID: 27393559 PMCID: PMC4939013 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Humans are increasingly exposed via the diet to Ag nanoparticles (NP) used in the food industry. Because of their anti-bacterial activity, ingested Ag NP might disturb the gut microbiota that is essential for local and systemic homeostasis. We explored here the possible impact of dietary Ag NP on the gut microbiota in mice at doses relevant for currently estimated human intake. Methods Mice were orally exposed to food (pellets) supplemented with increasing doses of Ag NP (0, 46, 460 or 4600 ppb) during 28 d. Body weight, systemic inflammation and gut integrity were investigated to determine overall toxicity, and feces DNA collected from the gut were analyzed by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) to assess the effect of Ag NP on the bacterial population. Ag NP were characterized alone and in the supplemented pellets by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Results No overall toxicity was recorded in mice exposed to Ag NP. Ag NP disturbed bacterial evenness (α-diversity) and populations (β-diversity) in a dose-dependent manner. Ag NP increased the ratio between Firmicutes (F) and Bacteroidetes (B) phyla. At the family level, Lachnospiraceae and the S24-7 family mainly accounted for the increase in Firmicutes and decrease in Bacteroidetes, respectively. Similar effects were not observed in mice identically exposed to the same batch of Ag NP-supplemented pellets aged during 4 or 8 months and the F/B ratio was less or not modified. Analysis of Ag NP-supplemented pellets showed that freshly prepared pellets released Ag ions faster than aged pellets. STEM-EDX analysis also showed that Ag sulfidation occurred in aged Ag NP-supplemented pellets. Conclusions Our data indicate that oral exposure to human relevant doses of Ag NP can induce microbial alterations in the gut. The bacterial disturbances recorded after Ag NP are similar to those reported in metabolic and inflammatory diseases, such as obesity. It also highlights that Ag NP aging in food, and more specifically sulfidation, can reduce the effects of Ag NP on the microbiota by limiting the release of toxic Ag ions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-016-0149-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybille van den Brule
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52 - bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jérôme Ambroise
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-champs 30 bte B1.30.24, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hélène Lecloux
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52 - bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clément Levard
- CEREGE, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, UM34, UMR 7330, Europole de l'arbois - BP 80, 13545, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Romain Soulas
- CEA LITEN Grenoble, 17 Rue des Martyrs, 38054, GRENOBLE - CEDEX 9, France
| | - Pieter-Jan De Temmerman
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre (CODA-CERVA), Groeselenberg 99, 1180, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mihaly Palmai-Pallag
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52 - bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- De Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 75 - bte B1.75.02, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Lison
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 52 - bte B1.52.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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Daly AF, Lysy PA, Desfilles C, Rostomyan L, Mohamed A, Caberg JH, Raverot V, Castermans E, Marbaix E, Maiter D, Brunelle C, Trivellin G, Stratakis CA, Bours V, Raftopoulos C, Beauloye V, Barlier A, Beckers A. GHRH excess and blockade in X-LAG syndrome. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:161-70. [PMID: 26671997 PMCID: PMC6300999 DOI: 10.1530/erc-15-0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) syndrome is a newly described form of inheritable pituitary gigantism that begins in early childhood and is usually associated with markedly elevated GH and prolactin secretion by mixed pituitary adenomas/hyperplasia. Microduplications on chromosome Xq26.3 including the GPR101 gene cause X-LAG syndrome. In individual cases random GHRH levels have been elevated. We performed a series of hormonal profiles in a young female sporadic X-LAG syndrome patient and subsequently undertook in vitro studies of primary pituitary tumor culture following neurosurgical resection. The patient demonstrated consistently elevated circulating GHRH levels throughout preoperative testing, which was accompanied by marked GH and prolactin hypersecretion; GH demonstrated a paradoxical increase following TRH administration. In vitro, the pituitary cells showed baseline GH and prolactin release that was further stimulated by GHRH administration. Co-incubation with GHRH and the GHRH receptor antagonist, acetyl-(d-Arg(2))-GHRH (1-29) amide, blocked the GHRH-induced GH stimulation; the GHRH receptor antagonist alone significantly reduced GH release. Pasireotide, but not octreotide, inhibited GH secretion. A ghrelin receptor agonist and an inverse agonist led to modest, statistically significant increases and decreases in GH secretion, respectively. GHRH hypersecretion can accompany the pituitary abnormalities seen in X-LAG syndrome. These data suggest that the pathology of X-LAG syndrome may include hypothalamic dysregulation of GHRH secretion, which is in keeping with localization of GPR101 in the hypothalamus. Therapeutic blockade of GHRH secretion could represent a way to target the marked hormonal hypersecretion and overgrowth that characterizes X-LAG syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian F Daly
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe A Lysy
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Desfilles
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-
| | - Liliya Rostomyan
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amira Mohamed
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-
| | - Jean-Hubert Caberg
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Veronique Raverot
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emilie Castermans
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Maiter
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chloe Brunelle
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giampaolo Trivellin
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Bours
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Raftopoulos
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Veronique Beauloye
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Barlier
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-
| | - Albert Beckers
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Human GeneticsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, BelgiumPediatric Endocrinology UnitUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumCliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Department of PathologyUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratory of Molecular BiologyAPHM, Hôpital la Conception, 13385, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille UniversitéCRNS, CRN2M-UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, FranceSection on Endocrinology and GeneticsProgram on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USALaboratoire d'Hormonologie - CBPEGroupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel - 69677 Bron Cedex, FranceUniversité Catholique de LouvainPole d'endocrinologie, diabete et nutrition (EDIN), Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Lamba Saini M, Bouzin C, Weynand B, Marbaix E. An Appraisal of Proliferation and Apoptotic Markers in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: An Automated Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148656. [PMID: 26863116 PMCID: PMC4749175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Proliferation and apoptosis are opposing processes by which the cell numbers are kept in a delicate balance, essential for tissue homeostasis, whereas uncontrolled growth of cells is a hallmark of cancer. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the commonest type of thyroid cancer, with some PTC following an indolent course, whereas the other ones are more aggressive. Aim To evaluate respective contribution of proliferation and apoptosis in the tumorigenesis of PTC by automated analysis. Materials and Methods We investigated the immunolabeling of phosphorylated histone H3 (pHH3), cyclin D1, active caspase-3, and bcl-2 in thirteen cases each of metastatic PTC, follicular variant of PTC (FVPTC), papillary microcarcinoma (PMC) and well differentiated tumor of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP). FVPTC cases comprised seven encapsulated and six unencapsulated cases. Results Proliferation, as assessed by pHH3 and cyclin D1 immunolabeling, was increased in all PTC variants, including the putative precursor lesion WDT-UMP, compared to normal thyroid tissue. pHH3 was immunolabeled in more cells of metastatic PTC than of PMC and of encapsulated FVPTC. Surprisingly, metastatic PTC and unencapsulated FVPTC also demonstrated more cleaved caspase-3 immunolabeled cells than the other types. In contrast, increased expression of bcl-2 protein was seen in normal thyroid areas, encapsulated FVPTC and PMC as compared to metastatic PTC. Metastatic PTC shows higher proliferation than other types of PTC but unexpectedly also higher apoptotic levels. Similar results were also seen with unencapsulated FVPTC, thus suggesting that unencapsulated FVPTC has a potential for adverse outcome. Bcl-2 was immunolabeled in a low percentage of cells in WDT-UMP. Conclusions The expression of the proliferative protein pHH3 together with the apoptotic marker cleaved caspase-3 may indicate an aggressive behaviour of PTC and loss of apoptosis inhibition by bcl-2 protein can further amplify the role of these proteins in tumor progression. Both cyclin D1 and bcl-2 could prove to be interesting markers of PTC precursor lesions. Automated/digital image quantification approach helps in refining the diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Lamba Saini
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, and Institut de Duve, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 10 T-1, B-1200, Bruxelles, Belgium
- * E-mail: ;
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Birgit Weynand
- Pathologische Ontleedkunde, Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven, Herestraat, 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, and Institut de Duve, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 10 T-1, B-1200, Bruxelles, Belgium
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Bouzin C, Saini ML, Khaing KK, Ambroise J, Marbaix E, Grégoire V, Bol V. Digital pathology: elementary, rapid and reliable automated image analysis. Histopathology 2015; 68:888-96. [PMID: 26386281 DOI: 10.1111/his.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Slide digitalization has brought pathology to a new era, including powerful image analysis possibilities. However, while being a powerful prognostic tool, immunostaining automated analysis on digital images is still not implemented worldwide in routine clinical practice. METHODS AND RESULTS Digitalized biopsy sections from two independent cohorts of patients, immunostained for membrane or nuclear markers, were quantified with two automated methods. The first was based on stained cell counting through tissue segmentation, while the second relied upon stained area proportion within tissue sections. Different steps of image preparation, such as automated tissue detection, folds exclusion and scanning magnification, were also assessed and validated. Quantification of either stained cells or the stained area was found to be correlated highly for all tested markers. Both methods were also correlated with visual scoring performed by a pathologist. For an equivalent reliability, quantification of the stained area is, however, faster and easier to fine-tune and is therefore more compatible with time constraints for prognosis. CONCLUSIONS This work provides an incentive for the implementation of automated immunostaining analysis with a stained area method in routine laboratory practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Monika L Saini
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kyi-Kyi Khaing
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Ambroise
- Center for Applied Molecular Technologies (CTMA), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Grégoire
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vanesa Bol
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
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Delcominette S, Timmermans M, Delbecque K, Delvenne P, Marbaix E, Noel JC, Moerman P, Golfier F, Kridelka F, Nisolle M, Vergote I, Goffin F. [Belgian register and reference centers for gestational trophoblastic diseases]. Rev Med Liege 2015; 70:550-556. [PMID: 26738266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gestational trophoblastic diseases include placental pathologies comprising fertilization abnormalities (hydatidiform moles) and malignant lesions (choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor). Due to their low incidence and heterogeneity, their diagnosis, management and treatment are not always optimal. Following the example of other European countries, a national registration system with two reference centers has been set up to guide physicians and patients and to propose individualized management. The centers offer their expertise through a systematic centralised pathology review by a panel of experts. HCG values are plotted in regression curves. In case of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, an imaging work-up is proposed, from which the FIGO score and stage are derived and will guide the choice of treatment. Belgian centers offer a multidisciplinary approach, in partnership with the referent physician. More information for practitioners and patients is available on a web site: www.mole-chorio-bgog.eu, which also harbours a forum of discussion.
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Vietti G, Ibouraadaten S, Palmai-Pallag M, Yakoub Y, Piret JP, Marbaix E, Lison D, van den Brule S. Towards predicting the lung fibrogenic activity of MWCNT: Key role of endocytosis, kinase receptors and ERK 1/2 signaling. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:488-500. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1088588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hubinont C, Lewi L, Bernard P, Marbaix E, Debiève F, Jauniaux E. Anomalies of the placenta and umbilical cord in twin gestations. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 213:S91-S102. [PMID: 26428508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The frequency of twin gestations has increased over the last few decades, mainly due to maternal age at childbearing, and the use of assisted reproductive technologies. Twins are at higher risk of aneuploidy, structural anomalies, and placental abnormalities. Some of the placental and umbilical cord abnormalities found in twin gestations are nonspecific and can be found in singleton gestations (ie, placenta previa, placental abruption, single umbilical artery, velamentous cord insertion, vasa previa, etc). However, other anomalies are unique to twin gestations, and are mainly associated with monochorionic twins-these include intraplacental anastomosis and cord entanglement. Most of these conditions can be diagnosed with ultrasound. An accurate and early diagnosis is important in the management of twin gestations. Determination of chorionicity, amnionicity, and the identification of placental anomalies are key issues for the adequate management of twin pregnancies. Pathologic placental examination after delivery can help in assessing the presence of placental and umbilical cord abnormalities, as well as providing information about chorionicity and gaining insight into the potential mechanisms of disease affecting twin gestations.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pituitary gangliocytomas are uncommon neuronal tumours that may present with endocrine disorders, the most frequent being acromegaly caused by growth hormone hypersecretion. Cushing's syndrome is very rarely seen with gangliocytomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS We report the unique case of a 62 year-old woman whose clinical picture and endocrine testing clearly demonstrated adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-dependent Cushing's syndrome. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging showed a 12-mm homogeneous, infra- and retrosellar mass first diagnosed as pituitary macroadenoma. Transsphenoidal surgery was performed and allowed complete resection of the tumour with sparing of normal anterior pituitary. Very low postoperative serum cortisol and ACTH levels were observed in the early postoperative period and the patient is still in remission 18 months after surgery, thus demonstrating that the resected lesion was entirely responsible for the clinical picture. RESULTS Histological and immunocytochemical analyses demonstrated a benign tumour composed of mature neuronal cells suggestive of a gangliocytoma, expressing both ACTH and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). The tumour was surrounded by a rim of pituitary tissue containing ACTH-producing endocrine cells. Careful analysis of the resected lesion did not reveal any pituitary microadenoma. We search literature for similar cases and retraced only nine cases of gangliocytomas associated with Cushing's syndrome. In most of them, the tumour was combined with either pituitary corticotroph adenoma or hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS Our case represents a unique case of an infrasellar pituitary gangliocytoma which was able to cause Cushing's syndrome by both direct ACTH production and CRH-induced stimulation of neighbour normal corticotroph cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Eve Domingue
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 54.74, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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Courtoy GE, Donnez J, Marbaix E, Dolmans MM. In vivo mechanisms of uterine myoma volume reduction with ulipristal acetate treatment. Fertil Steril 2015; 104:426-34.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Lamba Saini M, Weynand B, Rahier J, Mourad M, Hamoir M, Marbaix E. Cyclin D1 in well differentiated thyroid tumour of uncertain malignant potential. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:32. [PMID: 25907675 PMCID: PMC4407836 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Encapsulated follicular tumours with equivocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) type nuclear features continue to remain a challenge despite the recent attempts to classify these borderline lesions. The term ‘well differentiated tumour of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP)’ was introduced to classify these tumours. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of a cell cycle regulator like cyclin D1 in these tumours along with assessment of other well established PTC markers like galectin-3, HBME-1, CK19. Methods Thirteen cases of metastatic PTC, papillary microcarcinoma and follicular variant of PTC (FVPTC) were identified from a histological review of 510 cases. In addition, 13 cases of a subset of follicular adenomatoid nodules with focal areas showing nuclear features characteristic of PTC, identified as WDT-UMP, were also analyzed. Immunohistochemical analysis of galectin-3, HBME-1, CK19 and the proliferation markers Ki67 and cyclin D1 was performed. Lesions were analyzed for cyclin D1 gene amplification by fluorescent in-situ hybridization. Results All WDT-UMP lesions showed immunolabelling of cyclin D1, Ki67; 11/ 13 cases showed immunolabelling of CK19; 10/13 cases showed immunolabelling of HBME-1 and 4/13 cases showed immunolabelling of galectin-3. Surrounding benign adenomatoid areas showed no to faint focal staining in all thirteen cases of cyclin D1, HBME-1 and galectin-3. A low rate of cyclin D1 gene amplification was identified in a significant proportion of cells in the WDT-UMP lesions as compared to surrounding benign adenomatoid areas. Conclusions Increased expression of cyclin D1 and amplification of its gene along with immunolabelling of HBME-1 in WDT-UMP lesions showing cytological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma within follicular adenomatoid nodules suggest that these areas could correspond to a precursor lesion of follicular variant of PTC. Overexpression of cyclin D1, associated with the amplification of the gene suggests that these WDT-UMP lesions are an intermediate between the benign and malignant groups making this group of lesions a reliable precursor of FVPTC. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1851820807142117
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Lamba Saini
- Anatomie pathologique, Cliniques universitaires Saint- Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 10/T-1, Brussels, 1200, Belgium.
| | - Birgit Weynand
- Anatomie pathologique, CHU Dinant-Godinne, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Docteur G. Thérasse, 1, Yvoir, 5530, Belgium.
| | - Jacques Rahier
- Anatomie pathologique, Cliniques universitaires Saint- Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 10/T-1, Brussels, 1200, Belgium.
| | - Michel Mourad
- Service de transplantation rénale et chirurgie endocrinologique, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200, Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Marc Hamoir
- Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et chirurgie cervico-faciale, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200, Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Anatomie pathologique, Cliniques universitaires Saint- Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 10/T-1, Brussels, 1200, Belgium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal S Saini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Quantum Health Analytics SPRL, Atrium Vertbois, Rue du Vertbois 11, Liège 4000, Belgium. E-mail:
| | - Monika Lamba Saini
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cliniques Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - Etienne Marbaix
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cliniques Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
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