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Zhang XY, Khakisahneh S, Han SY, Song EJ, Nam YD, Kim H. Ginseng extracts improve circadian clock gene expression and reduce inflammation directly and indirectly through gut microbiota and PI3K signaling pathway. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:24. [PMID: 38503759 PMCID: PMC10950852 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the potential benefits of herbal medicines for therapeutic application in preventing and treating various metabolic disorders, the mechanisms of action were understood incompletely. Ginseng (Panax ginseng), a commonly employed plant as a dietary supplement, has been reported to play its hot property in increasing body temperature and improving gut health. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which ginseng regulates body temperature and gut health is still incomplete. This paper illustrates that intermittent supplementation with ginseng extracts improved body temperature rhythm and suppressed inflammatory responses in peripheral metabolic organs of propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothermic rats. These effects were associated with changes in gut hormone secretion and the microbiota profile. The in-vitro studies in ICE-6 cells indicate that ginseng extracts can not only act directly on the cell to regulate the genes related to circadian clock and inflammation, but also may function through the gut microbiota and their byproducts such as lipopolysaccharide. Furthermore, administration of PI3K inhibitor blocked ginseng or microbiota-induced gene expression related with circadian clock and inflammation in vitro. These findings demonstrate that the hot property of ginseng may be mediated by improving circadian clock and suppressing inflammation directly or indirectly through the gut microbiota and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
| | - Saeid Khakisahneh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Yi Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 245, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 245, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Republic of Korea.
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Kim SH, Choi Y, Oh J, Lim EY, Lee JE, Song EJ, Nam YD, Kim H. Associations among the Duodenal Ecosystem, Gut Microbiota, and Nutrient Intake in Functional Dyspepsia. Gut Liver 2023:gnl230130. [PMID: 38031491 DOI: 10.5009/gnl230130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims : Functional dyspepsia (FD) has long been regarded as a syndrome because its pathophysiology is multifactorial. However, recent reports have provided evidence that changes in the duodenal ecosystem may be the key. This study aimed to identify several gastrointestinal factors and biomarkers associated with FD, specifically changes in the duodenal ecosystem that may be key to understanding its pathophysiology. Methods : In this case-control study, 28 participants (12 with FD and 16 healthy control individuals) were assessed for dietary nutrients, gastrointestinal symptom severity, immunological status of the duodenal mucosa, and microbiome composition from oral, duodenal, and fecal samples. Integrated data were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, 16S rRNA sequencing, and network analysis. Results : Duodenal mucosal inflammation and impaired expression of tight junction proteins were confirmed in patients with FD. The relative abundance of duodenal Streptococcus (p=0.014) and reductions in stool Butyricicoccus (p=0.047) were confirmed. These changes in the gut microbiota were both correlated with symptom severity. Changes in dietary micronutrients, such as higher intake of valine, were associated with improved intestinal barrier function and microbiota. Conclusions : This study emphasizes the relationships among dietary nutrition, oral and gut microbiota, symptoms of FD, impaired function of the duodenal barrier, and inflammation. Assessing low-grade inflammation or increased permeability in the duodenal mucosa, along with changes in the abundance of stool Butyricicoccus, is anticipated to serve as effective biomarkers for enhancing the objectivity of FD diagnosis and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Yura Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jihong Oh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Eui Yeon Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Korea
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Korea
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Lim EY, Song EJ, Shin HS. Gut Microbiome as a Possible Cause of Occurrence and Therapeutic Target in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1111-1118. [PMID: 37164760 PMCID: PMC10580882 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2301.01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
As a long-term condition that affects the airways and lungs, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by inflammation, emphysema, breathlessness, chronic cough, and sputum production. Currently, the bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs prescribed for COPD are mostly off-target, warranting new disease management strategies. Accumulating research has revealed the gut-lung axis to be a bidirectional communication system. Cigarette smoke, a major exacerbating factor in COPD and lung inflammation, affects gut microbiota composition and diversity, causing gut microbiota dysbiosis, a condition that has recently been described in COPD patients and animal models. For this review, we focused on the gut-lung axis, which is influenced by gut microbial metabolites, bacterial translocation, and immune cell modulation. Further, we have summarized the findings of preclinical and clinical studies on the association between gut microbiota and COPD to provide a basis for using gut microbiota in therapeutic strategies against COPD. Our review also proposes that further research on probiotics, prebiotics, short-chain fatty acids, and fecal microbiota transplantation could assist therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiota to alleviate COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Yeong Lim
- Food Functionality Research Division, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Food Functionality Research Division, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Food Functionality Research Division, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Song EJ, Lee ES, Kim YI, Shin DU, Eom JE, Shin HS, Lee SY, Nam YD. Gut microbial change after administration of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356 is associated with anti-obesity in a mouse model. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1224636. [PMID: 37705572 PMCID: PMC10496115 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1224636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The status of an impaired gut microbial community, known as dysbiosis, is associated with metabolic diseases such as obesity and insulin resistance. The use of probiotics has been considered an effective approach for the treatment and prevention of obesity and related gut microbial dysbiosis. The anti-obesity effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356 was recently reported. However, the effect of L. paracasei AO356 on the gut microbiota has not yet been identified. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of L. paracasei AO356 on gut microbiota and ensure its safety for use as a probiotic. Methods Oral administration of L. paracasei AO356 (107 colony-forming units [CFU]/mg per day, 5 days a week, for 10 weeks) to mice fed a high-fat diet significantly suppressed weight gain and fat mass. We investigated the composition of gut microbiota and explored its association with obesity-related markers. Results Oral administration of L. paracasei AO356 significantly changed the gut microbiota and modified the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Oscillospira. Bacteroides and Oscillospira were significantly related to the lipid metabolism pathway and obesity-related markers. We also confirmed the safety of L. paracasei AO356 using antibiotics resistance, hemolysis activity, bile salt hydrolase activity, lactate production, and toxicity tests following the safety assessment guidelines of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS). Discussion This study demonstrated that L. paracasei AO356 is not only associated with an anti-obesity effect but also with changes in the gut microbiota and metabolic pathways related to obesity. Furthermore, the overall safety assessment seen in this study could increase the potential use of new probiotic materials with anti-obesity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Song
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Bio-medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young In Kim
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Uk Shin
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Eom
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
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Khakisahneh S, Zhang XY, Han SY, Song EJ, Nam YD, Kim H. Yijung-tang improves thermogenesis and reduces inflammation associated with gut microbiota in hypothyroid rats. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:32. [PMID: 37270649 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00396-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, considerable attention is focused on exploring the potential relationship between herbal medicine (HM) and the gut microbiome in terms of thermoregulation, which is an important aspect of human health, in modern system biology. However, our knowledge of the mechanisms of HM in thermoregulation is inadequate. Here, we demonstrate that the canonical herbal formula, Yijung-tang (YJT), protects against hypothermia, hyperinflammation, and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in PTU-induced hypothyroid rats. Notably, these properties were associated with alterations in the gut microbiota and signaling crosstalk between the thermoregulatory and inflammatory mediators in the small intestine and brown adipose tissue (BAT). In contrast to the conventional drug L-thyroxine for curing hypothyroidism, YJT has an efficacy for attenuating systematic inflammatory responses, related with depression in intestinal TLR4 and Nod2/Pglyrp1 signaling pathways. Our findings suggest that YJT could promote BAT thermogenesis and prevent systemic inflammation in PTU-induced hypothyroid rats, which was associated with its prebiotic effect on modulating of the gut microbiota and gene expression with relevance in the enteroendocrine function and innate immune systems. These findings may strengthen the rationale of the microbiota-gut-BAT axis for a paradigm shift to enable holobiont-centric medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Khakisahneh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Xue-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Song-Yi Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 245, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 245, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Republic of Korea.
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Shin JH, Lee Y, Song EJ, Lee D, Jang SY, Byeon HR, Hong MG, Lee SN, Kim HJ, Seo JG, Jun DW, Nam YD. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii prevents hepatic damage in a mouse model of NASH induced by a high-fructose high-fat diet. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1123547. [PMID: 37007480 PMCID: PMC10060964 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1123547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an advanced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease characterized by chronic inflammation and fibrosis. A dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been associated with the pathophysiology of NASH, and probiotics have proven helpful in its treatment and prevention. Although both traditional and next-generation probiotics have the potential to alleviate various diseases, studies that observe the therapeutic effect of next-generation probiotics on NASH are lacking. Therefore, we investigated whether a next-generation probiotic candidate, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, contributed to the mitigation of NASH.MethodsIn this study, we conducted 16S rRNA sequencing analyses in patients with NASH and healthy controls. To test F. prausnitzii could alleviate NASH symptoms, we isolated four F. prausnitzii strains (EB-FPDK3, EB-FPDK9, EB-FPDK11, and EB-FPYYK1) from fecal samples collected from four healthy individuals. Mice were maintained on a high-fructose high-fat diet for 16 weeks to induce a NASH model and received oral administration of the bacterial strains. Changes in characteristic NASH phenotypes were assessed via oral glucose tolerance tests, biochemical assays, and histological analyses.Results16S rRNA sequencing analyses confirmed that the relative abundance of F. prausnitzii reduced significantly in patients with NASH compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). In the NASH mice, F. prausnitzii supplementation improved glucose homeostasis, prevented hepatic lipid accumulation, curbed liver damage and fibrosis, restored damaged gut barrier functions, and alleviated hepatic steatosis and liver inflammation. Furthermore, real-time PCR assays documented that the four F. prausnitzii strains regulated the expression of genes related to hepatic steatosis in these mice.DiscussionOur study, therefore, confirms that the administration of F. prausnitzii bacteria can alleviate NASH symptoms. We propose that F. prausnitzii has the potential to contribute to the next-generation probiotic treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hee Shin
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonmi Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyung Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yul Jang
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Rim Byeon
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Gi Hong
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Nam Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gu Seo
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Jae-Gu Seo,
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Dae Won Jun,
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Young-Do Nam,
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Song EJ, Lee ES, So YS, Lee CY, Nam YD, Lee BH, Seo DH. Modulation of gut microbiota by rice starch enzymatically modified using amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:565-575. [PMID: 36911326 PMCID: PMC9992496 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01238-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Amylosucrase can increase the amount of resistant starch (RS) in starch by transferring glucose from sucrose to amylopectin. Here, rice starch was modified using amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis (DgAS). DgAS-modified rice starch (DMRS) increased the side-chain length of amylopectin and appeared in the form of B-type crystals. In vitro digestion analyses revealed that DMRS had a higher RS contents and lower digestion rate than native rice starch. When high-fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6 mice were orally administered DMRS, body weight and white fat tissues of DMRS-fed HFD mice were not significantly different. However, serum leptin and glucose levels were significantly decreased and serum glucagon like peptide-1was increased in these mice. The cecal microbiome in DMRS-fed HFD mice was identified to investigate the role of DMRS in gut microbiota regulation. DMRS supplementation increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Faecalibaculum, and Ruminococcus in mouse gut microbiota. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01238-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang So
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896 Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Young Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896 Republic of Korea
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Kim YI, Lee ES, Song EJ, Shin DU, Eom JE, Shin HS, Kim JE, Oh JY, Nam YD, Lee SY. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356 ameliorates obesity by regulating adipogenesis and thermogenesis in C57BL/6J male mice. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Song EJ, Kim MJ, Jung CH, Chung WH, Nam YD, Lim MY. Early response of the gut microbiome and serum metabolites to Cheonggukjang intake in healthy Korean subjects. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Song EJ, Shin NR, Jeon S, Nam YD, Kim H. Lorcaserin and phentermine exert anti-obesity effects with modulation of the gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1109651. [PMID: 36687627 PMCID: PMC9849812 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1109651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although drugs have been reported to modulate the gut microbiota, the effects of anti-obesity drugs on the gut microbiota remain unclear. Lorcaserin (LS) and phentermine (PT) are commonly used anti-obesity drugs. However, to our best knowledge, no studies have simultaneously assessed the effects of LS and PT on obesity and gut microbiota. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the anti-obesity effects of LS and PT and re-modulation of host gut microbiota. To test hypothesis, we fed C57BL/6J mice with a high-fat diet supplemented with LS and PT via oral gavage for 8 weeks. After sacrifice, body weight, fat accumulation, and serum biomarkers were measured, and the gut microbial composition was analyzed using 16 s rRNA amplicon sequencing. LS and PT were observed to modulate the gut microbial composition and restore gut microbial dysbiosis, as indicated by an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Significantly modulated genera by LS and PT treatment were strongly correlated with obesity-related markers. Additionally, LS and PT increased the mRNA level of G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) in the colon tissue. ASV3566, which corresponds to Eubacterium coprostanoligenes, was correlated with GPR120 and obesity-related markers such as glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and serum triglyceride (TG). In conclusion, LS and PT can modulate the gut microbiota dysbiosis and the gut microbiota plays a role in mediating the anti-obesity effect of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo-myeon, South Korea
| | - Na Rae Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Songhee Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Global Future Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea,Songhee Jeon,
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo-myeon, South Korea,Young-Do Nam,
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, South Korea,*Correspondence: Hojun Kim,
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Song EJ, Shin JH. Personalized Diets based on the Gut Microbiome as a Target for Health Maintenance: from Current Evidence to Future Possibilities. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:1497-1505. [PMID: 36398438 PMCID: PMC9843811 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2209.09050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the concept of personalized nutrition has been developed, which states that food components do not always lead to the same metabolic responses, but vary from person to person. Although this concept has been studied based on individual genetic backgrounds, researchers have recently explored its potential role in the gut microbiome. The gut microbiota physiologically communicates with humans by forming a bidirectional relationship with the micronutrients, macronutrients, and phytochemicals consumed by the host. Furthermore, the gut microbiota can vary from person to person and can be easily shifted by diet. Therefore, several recent studies have reported the application of personalized nutrition to intestinal microflora. This review provides an overview of the interaction of diet with the gut microbiome and the latest evidence in understanding the inter-individual differences in dietary responsiveness according to individual baseline gut microbiota and microbiome-associated dietary intervention in diseases. The diversity of the gut microbiota and the presence of specific microorganisms can be attributed to physiological differences following dietary intervention. The difference in individual responsiveness based on the gut microbiota has the potential to become an important research approach for personalized nutrition and health management, although further well-designed large-scale studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Shin
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-63-219-9446 Fax: +82-63-219-9876 E-mail:
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Song EJ, Shin NR, Jeon S, Nam YD, Kim H. Impact of the herbal medicine, Ephedra sinica stapf, on gut microbiota and body weight in a diet-induced obesity model. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1042833. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1042833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by excessive body fat and has become a global public health problem. Evidence suggests that obesity and obesity-induced metabolic disorders are closely related to gut microbiota. Bupropion (BP), an antidepressant medicine, and Ephedra sinica Stapf [Ephedraceae; Ephedrae Herba], a herbal medicine, are sympathetic stimulants and have weight loss effects. However, to our best knowledge, no studies have simultaneously assessed the effects of drugs and herbal medicines on obesity and gut microbiota. This study aimed to determine the effects of BP and ES on weight loss and re-modulation of host gut microbiota. To test this hypothesis, we fed C57BL/6J mice with a high-fat diet supplemented with bupropion (BP; 30 mg/kg/day) and Ephedra sinica Stapf extract (ES; 150 mg/kg/day) via oral gavage for eight weeks. Further, we evaluated the effects of BP and ES on body weight and fat accumulation. In addition, we evaluated the effects of BP and ES on gut microbiota using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Our results showed that weight loss was confirmed in both BP and ES; however, it was more pronounced in ES. ES changed the overall composition of the gut microbiota by restoring the relative abundance of Oscillospiraceae, Lachnospiraceae, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, an indicator of gut microbiota dysbiosis. Nine amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) of the gut microbiome were significantly recovered by BP and ES treatment, of which eight ASVs correlated with body weight and fat accumulation. Additionally, three ASVs were significantly recovered by ES treatment alone. In conclusion, the anti-obesity effects of BP and ES, especially fat accumulation, are related to the regulation of gut microbiota. Moreover, ES had a greater influence on the gut microbiota than BP.
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Song EJ, Ko MJ. Extraction of monoterpenes from coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seeds using subcritical water extraction (SWE) technique. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chanmuang S, Kim BM, Gu SY, Son YJ, Le HG, Nam YD, Song EJ, Ham KS, Kim HJ. Effects of sea salt intake on metabolites, steroid hormones, and gut microbiota in rats. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269014. [PMID: 35960707 PMCID: PMC9374251 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High salt intake is positively linked to many health problems, but the effect of mineral-rich sea salt (SS) has rarely been studied. To better understand the physiological effects of SS intake, the changes in general characteristics, metabolites, steroid hormones, and gut microbiota of SS-fed rats were investigated. Male rats were fed either a normal diet (ND, control) or ND containing 1% SS or 4% SS for 5 weeks. SS intake decreased fat, spleen, liver, and body weight, and increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), water intake, and gut salt content. Accumulated gut salt content led to a decrease in beneficial bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillus, but an increase in potentially harmful bacteria, resulting in a change in lipid metabolites associated with gut health. Interestingly, most renal lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) associated with many renal functions were dramatically decreased and female hormones, such as estrogens, were significantly more altered than the male hormones by high SS intake. Although further investigation is needed, these data suggest that high SS intake could be positively linked to kidney dysfunction and gut health problems, and salt-related physiological changes may be sex-specific. Additionally, these data will be useful to better under-stand the physiological effects of SS intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saoraya Chanmuang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Min Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Gu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Jin Son
- Department of Food Science and Technology, and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
| | - Huong-Giang Le
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sik Ham
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Kim YH, An JH, Kim SY, Li X, Song EJ, Park JH, Chung KY, Choi YS, Scanlon DO, Ahn HJ, Lee JC. Enabling 100C Fast-Charging Bulk Bi Anodes for Na-Ion Batteries. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2201446. [PMID: 35524951 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It is challenging to develop alloying anodes with ultrafast charging and large energy storage using bulk anode materials because of the difficulty of carrier-ion diffusion and fragmentation of the active electrode material. Herein, a rational strategy is reported to design bulk Bi anodes for Na-ion batteries that feature ultrafast charging, long cyclability, and large energy storage without using expensive nanomaterials and surface modifications. It is found that bulk Bi particles gradually transform into a porous nanostructure during cycling in a glyme-based electrolyte, whereas the resultant structure stores Na ions by forming phases with high Na diffusivity. These features allow the anodes to exhibit unprecedented electrochemical properties; the developed Na-Bi half-cell delivers 379 mA h g-1 (97% of that measured at 1C) at 7.7 A g-1 (20C) during 3500 cycles. It also retained 94% and 93% of the capacity measured at 1C even at extremely fast-charging rates of 80C and 100C, respectively. The structural origins of the measured properties are verified by experiments and first-principles calculations. The findings of this study not only broaden understanding of the underlying mechanisms of fast-charging anodes, but also provide basic guidelines for searching battery anodes that simultaneously exhibit high capacities, fast kinetics, and long cycling stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun An
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Sung-Yeob Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Xiangmei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Park
- Energy Storage Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Kyung Yoon Chung
- Energy Storage Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Division of Energy and Environment Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
- Thomas Young Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - David O Scanlon
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
- Thomas Young Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Hyo-Jun Ahn
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
- Institute of Green Manufacturing Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
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Park SH, Shin NR, Yang M, Bose S, Kwon O, Nam DH, Lee JH, Song EJ, Nam YD, Kim H. A Clinical Study on the Relationship Among Insomnia, Tongue Diagnosis, and Oral Microbiome. Am J Chin Med 2022; 50:773-797. [PMID: 35380093 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x2250032x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is a lack of adequate methods to assess insomnia objectively. This study addresses the usefulness of tongue features and oral microbial profile as a potential diagnostic biomarker of insomnia. One hundred insomniac patients and 20 healthy control subjects were selected. Their demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as the tongue diagnostic indices and oral microbial profile, were examined. Compared to the control group, insomniac patients showed a higher abnormal low-frequency/high-frequency (LF/HF) ratio. In tongue diagnosis, the indices related to lightness of tongue body and tongue coating were higher in the insomniac group vs. the control group. Furthermore, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of oral microbial population revealed that the relative abundances of Clostridia, Veillonella, Bacillus and Lachnospiraceae were significantly higher in the insomniac patients than the control group. Additionally, the tongue features of the insomniac group exhibited that the non-coating group had a poor sleep condition compared to the thick-coating group, although the difference was insignificant. On the other hand, the oral microbial communities of the insomniac patients revealed greater alpha and beta diversities in the non-coating group vs. the thick-coating group. The alpha and beta diversities were higher in orotype1 than orotype2. Collectively, this study highlighted that the lightness of tongue body and tongue coating as well as oral microbial profiles of SR1, Actinobacteria, Clostridia and Lachnospiraceae_unclassified could be considered potential biomarkers of insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Hyun Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Rae Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Shambhunath Bose
- Department of Life Science, Sri Sathya Sai University for Human Excellence Navanihal, Okali Post, Kamalapur, Kalaburagi, Karnataka 585313, India
| | - Ojin Kwon
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Nam
- Department of Biofunctional Medicine and Diagnosis, College of Korean Medicine Sangji University, Wonju 26382, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Lee
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University Goyang, Republic of Korea
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Cho CH, Youm GH, Kim M, Kim S, Song EJ, Nam YD, Lee SH. Evaluation of the Relationship Between Bioactive Components in Seaweeds and Advanced Glycation End-Products Inhibitory Activities Using Principal Component Analysis. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2021; 76:326-333. [PMID: 34279786 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-021-00908-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study comprehensively presents the relationship between the bioactive substance of 70% (v/v) aqueous ethanol extract of 38 species of seaweeds (SWEs), and anti-glycation activities. The contents of bioactive substance of SWEs, such as total phenolic, total flavonoid and condensed tannins, were determined through a colorimetric analysis. Among the tested species, Ecklonia bicyclis, Ishige foliacea, and Cladophora urightiana var. minor had the highest amount of total phenolic (255.75 mg GAE/g DW), total condensed tannins (63.36 mg CE/g DW), and total flavonoid content (85.26 mg CE/g DW), respectively. Anti-glycation properties of SWEs were evaluated through advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation, AGEs-collagen cross-link formation, and AGEs-collagen cross-link breaking assay. Brown algae species exhibited a more prominent inhibitory activity on AGEs formation and AGEs-collagen cross-links, and the breaking of AGEs-collagen cross-links compared to that exhibited by aminoguanidine and ALT-711 (positive controls). Using principal component analysis, we confirmed that the AGEs formation inhibitory property and AGEs-collagen cross-links breaking activity were closely correlated with total phenolic and the condensed tannin contents contained in SWEs. Therefore, the bioactive substances such as phenolics and condensed tannins in seaweeds can be used as predictive indices in selecting compounds for the development of a therapeutic agent that prevents diabetic complications related to the AGEs. In addition, our results suggest that brown algae species, which contains more bioactive substances than green and red algae species, can be utilized as a promising natural resource for the prevention and alleviation of AGEs-related diabetic complications as AGE inhibitor and cross-links breaker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Heung Cho
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Hee Youm
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyeong Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sera Kim
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Shin NR, Bose S, Choi Y, Kim YM, Chin YW, Song EJ, Nam YD, Kim H. Anti-Obesity Effect of Fermented Panax notoginseng Is Mediated Via Modulation of Appetite and Gut Microbial Population. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:665881. [PMID: 34381356 PMCID: PMC8350340 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.665881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Panax notoginseng (PN) is a traditional herbal medicine containing several active compounds such as saponins and ginsenosides with many therapeutic applications including anti-obesity activity. Fermentation by lactic acid bacteria has the potential to metabolize ginsenosides to more active forms. This study examined whether fermentation has any benefits on the protective effects of a PN extract against obesity using a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mouse model. PN was fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum which exhibited high β-glucosidase activity. Upon fermentation, the PN extract exhibited an altered ginsenoside profile, a dramatic increase in the lactate level. Treatment of the HFD group with fermented PN (FPN), but not PN, decreased both the food and calorie intake significantly, which was consistent with the more potent suppressing effects of FPN than PN on the signaling pathways involved in appetite and energy intake. The PN treatment also modulated the gut microbial composition. The PN and FPN treatment groups showed clear differences in the population of gut microbiota. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Erysipelotrichaceae, Coprococus, and Dehalobacterium were significantly higher in the FPN group then the normal, HFD, and XEN groups. Furthermore, the relative abundances of Akkermansia, Dehalobacterium, Erysipeliotrichaceae and parpabacteroides were significantly higher in the FPN group than the PN group, but the relative abundances of Allobaculum, Erysipelotrichi and Erysipelotrichale were significantly lower. The relative abundance of Bacteroides and Lactococcus was significantly higher and lower, respectively in the PN and FPN groups than the HFD group. In conclusion, the altered ginsenoside and organic acid's profile, and altered gut microbial composition are believed to be the major factors contributing to the anti-obesity properties of FPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Rae Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Shambhunath Bose
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Yura Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Young-Mi Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, South Korea
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Seong E, Bose S, Han SY, Song EJ, Lee M, Nam YD, Kim H. Positive influence of gut microbiota on the effects of Korean red ginseng in metabolic syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. EPMA J 2021; 12:177-197. [PMID: 34194584 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Ginseng, a traditional herbal medicine, has been used for thousands of years to treat various diseases including metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the underlying mechanism(s) of such beneficial actions of ginseng against MS is poorly understood. Emerging evidence indicates a close association of the host gut microbiota with MS. The present study was conducted to examine, whether the beneficial effects of Korean red ginseng (KRG) against MS could be influenced by gut microbial population and whether gut microbial profile could be considered a valuable biomarker for targeted treatment strategy for MS in compliance with the predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM / 3PM). Methods This clinical study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the effects of KRG treatment for 8 weeks on patients with MS. The anthropometric parameters, vital signs, metabolic biomarkers, and gut microbial composition through 16S rRNA gene sequencing were assessed at the baseline and endpoint. The impact of KRG was also evaluated after categorizing the subjects into responders and non-responders, as well as enterotypes 1 and 2 based on their gut microbial profile at the baseline. Results Fifty out of 60 subjects who meet the MS criteria completed the trial without showing adverse reactions. The KRG treatment caused a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP). Microbial analysis revealed a decrease in Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and an increase in Bacteroidetes in response to KRG. In patient stratification analysis, the responders showing marked improvement in the serum levels of lipid metabolic biomarkers TC and LDL due to the KRG treatment exhibited higher population of both the family Lachnospiraceae and order Clostridiales compared to the non-responders. The homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin level were decreased in enterotype 1 (Bacteroides-abundant group) and increased in enterotype 2 (prevotella-abundant group) following the KRG treatment. Conclusion In this study, the effects of KRG on the glucose metabolism in MS patients were influenced by the relative abundances of gut microbial population and differed according to the individual enterotype. Therefore, the analysis of enterotype categories is considered to be helpful in predicting the effectiveness of KRG on glucose homeostasis of MS patients individually. This will further help to decide on the appropriate treatment strategy for MS, in compliance with the perspective of PPPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhak Seong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Shambhunath Bose
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Yi Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongjong Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
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Yang M, Bose S, Lim S, Seo J, Shin J, Lee D, Chung WH, Song EJ, Nam YD, Kim H. Beneficial Effects of Newly Isolated Akkermansia muciniphila Strains from the Human Gut on Obesity and Metabolic Dysregulation. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1413. [PMID: 32937828 PMCID: PMC7564497 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of new probiotics with anti-obesity properties has attracted considerable interest. In the present study, the anti-obesity activities of Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) strains isolated from human stool samples and their relationship with the gut microbiota were evaluated using a high fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice model. Three strains of A. muciniphila were chosen from 27 isolates selected based on their anti-lipogenic activity in 3T3-L1 cells. The anti-lipogenic, anti-adipogenic and anti-obesity properties of these three strains were evaluated further in HFD-induced obese mice. The animals were administered these strains six times per week for 12 weeks. The treatment improved the HFD-induced metabolic disorders in mice in terms of the prevention of body weight gain, caloric intake and reduction in the weights of the major adipose tissues and total fat. In addition, it improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. These effects were also associated with the inhibition of low-grade intestinal inflammation and restoration of damaged gut integrity, prevention of liver steatosis and improvement of hepatic function. These results revealed a difference in the distribution pattern of the gut microbial communities between groups. Therefore, the gut microbial population modulation, at least in part, might contribute to the beneficial impact of the selected A. muciniphila strains against metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Korea; (M.Y.); (S.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Shambhunath Bose
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Korea; (M.Y.); (S.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Sookyoung Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Korea; (M.Y.); (S.B.); (S.L.)
| | - JaeGu Seo
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Korea; (J.S.); (J.S.); (D.L.)
| | - JooHyun Shin
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Korea; (J.S.); (J.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Dokyung Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Korea; (J.S.); (J.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Won-Hyong Chung
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea;
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea;
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea;
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Korea; (M.Y.); (S.B.); (S.L.)
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21
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Shin NR, Bose S, Wang JH, Nam YD, Song EJ, Lim DW, Kim HB, Lim YS, Choi HS, Kim H. Chemically or surgically induced thyroid dysfunction altered gut microbiota in rat models. FASEB J 2020; 34:8686-8701. [PMID: 32356337 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903091rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are essential for the regulation of energy homeostasis and metabolic processes. However, the relationship between thyroid function and host gut microbial communities is not properly understood. To determine whether and how gut microbiota is associated with thyroid function, metagenomics analysis of the bacterial population in fecal samples of rat models of hyperthyroidism (induced by levothyroxine) and hypothyroidism (induced by propylthiouracil or thyroidectomy) was conducted through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our results revealed that all thyroid dysfunction models were definitely established and gut microbial composition varied according to different thyroid functional status. The relative abundance of Ruminococcus was significantly higher in the hyperthyroidism group (HE) vs both the normal and hypothyroidism groups (HO) while S24-7 was significantly higher in the HO group. The population of Prevotellaceae and Prevotella were significantly lower in the HO group vs the normal. Firmicutes and Oscillospira were significantly higher in the SHO (surgery-induced hypothyroidism) group, while Prevotellaceae and Prevotella showed lower abundance in the SHO group than the SHAM group. Present results suggest that thyroid functions may have the potential to influence the profile of gut microbiota and could be used as foundation to investigate interaction mechanism between thyroid and gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Rae Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jing-Hua Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Lim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Bok Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sung Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Seok Choi
- Department of Endocrinology, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Republic of Korea
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22
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Jang BS, Chang JH, Chie EK, Kim K, Park JW, Kim MJ, Song EJ, Nam YD, Kang SW, Jeong SY, Kim HJ. Gut Microbiome Composition Is Associated with a Pathologic Response After Preoperative Chemoradiation in Patients with Rectal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 107:736-746. [PMID: 32315676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are ongoing investigations to find promising biomarkers for predicting a complete response (CR) after concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) in rectal cancer. We aimed to find the predictive value in the gut microbiome in terms of response after preoperative CCRT. METHODS AND MATERIALS We collected a total of 45 fecal samples from patients with rectal cancer before CCRT. Tumor response after CCRT was assessed according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer tumor regression grading system. Analysis of linear discriminant analysis effect size and MetaCyc pathway abundance predictions were performed to compare composition and metabolic function of microbiome between patients with and without CR. We also established a Bayesian network model to identify microbial networks and species to be related with CCRT response. RESULTS Seven patients (15.6%) demonstrated pathologically CR, and 38 patients (84.4%) showed non-CR after preoperative CCRT. Between CR and non-CR patients, there was a significant difference in terms of β-diversity (P = .028), but no difference in α-diversity was found. Bacteroidales (Bacteroidaceae, Rikenellaceae, Bacteroides) were relatively more abundant in patients with non-CR than those with CR. Pathways related to anabolic function predominated in CR patients. According to Bayesian network analysis, Duodenibacillus massiliensis was linked with the improved CR rate. CONCLUSIONS From the fecal microbiome using samples obtained before preoperative CCRT, differences in microbial community composition and functions were observed between patients with and without CR in rectal cancer. However, the finding that a specific taxon may be linked with the improved therapeutic response should be verified in a prospective setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum-Sup Jang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui Kyu Chie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyubo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea; Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea; Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Korea
| | - Seung Wan Kang
- Department of Nursing, Seoul National University College of Nursing, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak Jae Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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23
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Choi Y, Bose S, Shin NR, Song EJ, Nam YD, Kim H. Lactate-Fortified Puerariae Radix Fermented by Bifidobacterium breve Improved Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysregulation via Alteration of Gut Microbial Communities. Nutrients 2020; 12:E276. [PMID: 31973042 PMCID: PMC7070547 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Puerariae Radix (PR), the dried root of Pueraria lobata, is reported to possess therapeutic efficacies against various diseases including obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Fermentation-driven bioactivation of herbal medicines can result in improved therapeutic potencies and efficacies. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet and fructose in water with PR (400 mg/kg) or PR fermented by Bifidobacterium breve (400 mg/kg) for 10 weeks. Histological staining, qPCR, Western blot, and 16s rRNA sequencing were used to determine the protective effects of PR and fermented PR (fPR) against metabolic dysfunction. RESULTS Treatment with both PR and fPR for 10 weeks resulted in a reduction in body weight gain with a more significant reduction in the latter group. Lactate, important for energy metabolism and homeostasis, was increased during fermentation. Both PR and fPR caused significant down-regulation of the intestinal expression of the MCP-1, IL-6, and TNF-α genes. However, for the IL-6 and TNF-α gene expressions, the inhibitory effect of fPR was more pronounced (p < 0.01) than that of PR (p < 0.05). Oral glucose tolerance test results showed that both PR and fPR treatments improved glucose homeostasis. In addition, there was a significant reduction in the expression of hepatic gene PPARγ, a key regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism, following fPR but not PR treatment. Activation of hepatic AMPK phosphorylation was significantly enhanced by both PR and fPR treatment. In addition, both PR and fPR reduced adipocyte size in highly significant manners (p < 0.001). Treatment by fPR but not PR significantly reduced the expression of PPARγ and low-density lipoproteins in adipose tissue. CONCLUSION Treatment with fPR appears to be more potent than that of PR in improving the pathways related to glucose and lipid metabolism in high-fat diet (HFD)+fructose-fed animals. The results revealed that the process of fermentation of PR enhanced lactate and facilitated the enrichment of certain microbial communities that contribute to anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yura Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 27 Donggukro, Ilsan-donggu, Goyang 10326, Korea; (Y.C.); (N.R.S.)
| | | | - Na Rae Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 27 Donggukro, Ilsan-donggu, Goyang 10326, Korea; (Y.C.); (N.R.S.)
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 24 55365, Korea; (E.-J.S.); (Y.-D.N.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun 34113, Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 24 55365, Korea; (E.-J.S.); (Y.-D.N.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun 34113, Korea
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 27 Donggukro, Ilsan-donggu, Goyang 10326, Korea; (Y.C.); (N.R.S.)
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24
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Lim MY, Song EJ, Kang KS, Nam YD. Age-related compositional and functional changes in micro-pig gut microbiome. GeroScience 2019; 41:935-944. [PMID: 31659582 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related changes in human gut microbiota composition have been reported, and such changes might be influenced by the intake of nutrients or diets. To investigate the effects of aging on the gut microbiota independent of nutrient effects, we analyzed the gut microbiomes of 126 micro-pigs at a wide range of ages from newborns to 10 years old. The micro-pigs were reared in a constantly controlled environment. The diversity of the gut microbiome was found to continuously change with age. We also found associations between age and specific members and functions of the gut microbiome. Consistent with previous studies on the human gut microbiome, beneficial microbes including probiotic bacteria and short-chain fatty acid-producers decreased in older pigs, whereas Bacteroides increased with age. Based on the correlation network, Bacteroides seemed to have an important role in determining the relative abundances of other beneficial microbes. Our results suggest that maintaining beneficial gut microbes at a specific ratio corresponding to a certain age might contribute to a younger gut microbiome-age. Furthermore, due to similarities with the human system, micro-pigs are a useful animal model to elucidate the links between aging and the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Lim
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Kang
- Bio resource business unit, Apures Co., Ltd., Pyeongtaek, South Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea. .,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea.
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25
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Mansur AR, Seo DH, Song EJ, Song NE, Hwang SH, Yoo M, Nam TG. Identifying potential spoilage markers in beef stored in chilled air or vacuum packaging by HS-SPME-GC-TOF/MS coupled with multivariate analysis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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26
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Bang SJ, Lee ES, Song EJ, Nam YD, Seo MJ, Kim HJ, Park CS, Lim MY, Seo DH. Effect of raw potato starch on the gut microbiome and metabolome in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 133:37-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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27
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Wang JH, Shin NR, Lim SK, Im U, Song EJ, Nam YD, Kim H. Diet Control More Intensively Disturbs Gut Microbiota Than Genetic Background in Wild Type and ob/ob Mice. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1292. [PMID: 31231354 PMCID: PMC6568241 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in environmental and genetic factors are vital to development of obesity and its complications. Induction of obesity and type 2 diabetes by both leptin deficiency (ob/ob) and high fat diet (HFD) has been verified in animal models. In the present experiment, three types of diets (normal diet; ND, HFD and high sucrose diet; HSD) and two types of genetic mice (Wild type: WT and ob/ob) were used to explore the relationship among diet supplements, gut microbiota, host genetics and metabolic status. HFD increased the body, fat and liver weight of both ob/ob and WT mice, but HSD did not. HFD also resulted in dyslipidemia, as well as increased serum transaminases and fasting glucose in ob/ob mice but not in WT mice, while HSD did not. Moreover, HFD led to brain BDNF elevation in WT mice and reduction in ob/ob mice, whereas HSD did not. Both HFD and HSD had a greater influence on gut microbiota than host genotypes. In detail, both of HFD and HSD alteration elucidated the majority (≥63%) of the whole structural variation in gut microbiota, however, host genetic mutation accounted for the minority (≤11%). Overall, diets more intensively disturbed the structure of gut microbiota in excess of genetic change, particularly under leptin deficient conditions. Different responses of host genotypes may contribute to the development of metabolic disorder phenotypes linked with gut microbiota alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, South Korea.,Department of Research and Development, Cure Pharmtech, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Na Rae Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Soo-Kyoung Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Ungjin Im
- Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, South Korea
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28
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Lee ES, Song EJ, Nam YD, Lee SY. Probiotics in human health and disease: from nutribiotics to pharmabiotics. J Microbiol 2018; 56:773-782. [PMID: 30353462 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-018-8293-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are the most useful tools for balancing the gut microbiota and thereby influencing human health and disease. Probiotics have a range of effects, from those on nutritional status to medical conditions throughout the body from the gut to non-intestinal body sites such as the brain and skin. Research interest in probiotics with nutritive claims (categorized as nutribiotics) has evolved into interest in therapeutic and pharmacological probiotics with health claims (pharmabiotics). The concept of pharmabiotics emerged only two decades ago, and the new categorization of probiotics to nutribiotics and pharmabiotics was recently suggested, which are under the different regulation depending on that they are food or drug. Information of the gut microbiome has been continuously accumulating, which will make possible the gut microbiome-based healthcare in the future, when nutribiotics show potential for maintaining health while pharmabiotics are effective therapeutic tools for human diseases. This review describes the current understanding in the conceptualization and classification of probiotics. Here, we reviewed probiotics as nutribiotics with nutritional functions and pharmabiotics with pharmaceutic functions in different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Sook Lee
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea. .,Research Group of Natural Materials and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Mansur AR, Song EJ, Cho YS, Nam YD, Choi YS, Kim DO, Seo DH, Nam TG. Comparative evaluation of spoilage-related bacterial diversity and metabolite profiles in chilled beef stored under air and vacuum packaging. Food Microbiol 2018; 77:166-172. [PMID: 30297047 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Microbial spoilage is a complex event to which different bacterial populations and metabolites can contribute depending on the storage conditions. This study explored the evolution of spoilage and related volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in chilled beef under air and vacuum packaging (VP). The results suggested that different storage conditions affected changes in bacterial communities and metabolites in beef and consequently affected the odor properties of the stored beef, thereby leading to spoilage. Bacterial species belonging to Pseudomonadaceae (Pseudomonas spp.) and lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus sp.) dominated the bacterial communities in beef stored under air and VP, respectively, with several VOCs associated with off-odors of the stored beef and most likely produced by both bacteria. Our results suggested several microbial VOCs that could be used as potential spoilage indicators, including acetic acid, butanoic acid, and 2-butanone in VP-stored beef and 3-methylbutan-1-ol, ethyl acetate, acetoin, 2-butanone, and diacetyl in air-stored beef. These findings might provide valuable information regarding the quality monitoring of beef during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Rois Mansur
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sun Cho
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Choi
- Food Processing Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ok Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Gyu Nam
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Song EJ, Lee ES, Park SL, Choi HJ, Roh SW, Nam YD. Bacterial community analysis in three types of the fermented seafood, jeotgal, produced in South Korea. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:1444-1454. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1469395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Jeotgal is a traditional Korean seafood fermented by indigenous microbes. The bacterial community in five myeolchi-jeot (Engraulis japonica), five meongge-jeot (Halocynthia roretzi), and six saeu-jeot (Acetes japonicas) produced in South Korea was analyzed by barcoded pyrosequencing targeting the V1/V2 hyper-variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. All samples were dominated by the phyla Firmicutes, which represented 67.7% (SD = 27.2%) of the population. Tetragenococcus halophilus and Tetragenococcus muriaticus were the predominant species in myeolchi-jeot. The LABs, Lactobacillus sakei, Lactobacillus curvatus, and Weissella koreensis were the predominant species in meongge-jeot. In myeolchi-jeot and meongge-jeot, the bacterial communities within samples were consistent in their predominance, however each of saeu-jeot samples had inter-individual variety in the bacterial community leading to the difficulties of standardization for the commercial production of saeu-jeot. The results of this study will conclusively help to expand our basic knowledge of jeotgal and the related microorganisms involved in food fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology , Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Lee
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Lim Park
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Jong Choi
- Microbiology and Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi , Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woon Roh
- Microbiology and Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi , Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology , Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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31
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Lee ES, Song EJ, Lee SY, Park SL, Kim D, Kim D, Kim JH, Lim SI, Nam YD. Effects of bentonite Bgp35b-p on the gut microbiota of mice fed a high-fat diet. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:4369-4373. [PMID: 29412464 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bentonite is a natural clay mineral with health-promoting effects due to its high adsorption abilities with high cation-exchange capacity. Previously, we found an anti-obesity effect for Bgp35b-p bentonite produced in South Korea, where its high adsorbent ability of dietary lipids possibly partially removed the lipidic environment in the gut (unpublished). It is hypothesized that Bgp35b-p affects the intestinal microbial community, and thus the microbial changes were investigated via next-generation sequencing targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and bioinformatics using QIIME (Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology) were performed on feces of C57BL/6 male mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with the Bgp35b-p. RESULTS The HFD caused microbial dysbiosis, characterized by a decrease in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and an increase in abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. It was found that HFD + Bgp35b-p led to significant changes in the microbial compositions of family-level bacteria known as short-chain fatty-acid-producing bacteria. The relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae was significantly increased, and the abundances of Clostridiaceae and Lachnospiraceae were decreased by HFD + Bgp35b-p, shifting close to that in mice fed a normal diet. CONCLUSION Bgp35b-p induced compositional changes in intestinal microbiota, which can be considered as a prebiotic effect, thus suggesting that bentonite may be a potential prebiotic functional supplement. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Sook Lee
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Lim Park
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeyoung Kim
- Advanced Geo-materials R&D Department, Pohang Branch, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Pohang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanomaterials Science and Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel Kim
- Advanced Geo-materials R&D Department, Pohang Branch, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kim
- Advanced Geo-materials R&D Department, Pohang Branch, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Il Lim
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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32
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Lee DH, Kim MJ, Park SH, Song EJ, Nam YD, Ahn J, Jang YJ, Ha TY, Jung CH. Bioavailability of Isoflavone Metabolites After Korean Fermented Soybean Paste (Doenjang) Ingestion in Estrogen-Deficient Rats. J Food Sci 2018; 83:2212-2221. [PMID: 30035387 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Doenjang (DJ), a fermented soybean product used in soups, stews, and sauces, contains high quality proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and other functional ingredients, including isoflavones and saponins. This study investigated whether DJ improves the bioavailability of isoflavones compared to boiled soybean (BS) in sham-operated or ovariectomized (OVX) rats. We also examined the effects of ovariectomy on the differences in bioavailability of isoflavones. BS and DJ were administered in sham-operated and OVX rats, and blood samples were collected. Twenty-six isoflavone-derived metabolites were identified. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that T1/2 values of the individual isoflavone metabolites were most different in sham and OVX rats, even after the same sample treatment; however, Tmax values were significant different in a few metabolites such as daidzein 4'-glucuronide, daidzein 4'-sulfate, 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, and benzoic acid. For most of the individual metabolites, Cmax was higher in both sham and OVX rats administered BS than those administered DJ. The AUC was generally lower in OVX rats than in sham rats. The AUC of daidzein and genistein in BS-fed sham rats was approximately 1.7-fold higher than those administered DJ, whereas glycitein was detected only in the DJ group. No significant differences in AUC of daidzein and genistein were observed between BS and DJ administration in OVX rats, although the total isoflavone content of DJ was lower; thus, DJ-mediated isoflavone bioavailability was more effective in OVX rats. Similar tendencies were observed for phase II and gut-mediated metabolites. These results suggested that DJ enhanced isoflavone bioavailability under estrogen deficiency, even when the total isoflavone content was decreased by fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hye Lee
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Inst., Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
- Dept. of Food Biotechnology, Korea Univ. of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Inst., Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Hyun Park
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Inst., Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
- Dept. of Food Biotechnology, Korea Univ. of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Inst., Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Do Nam
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Inst., Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Inst., Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
- Dept. of Food Biotechnology, Korea Univ. of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Jang
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Inst., Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Youl Ha
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Inst., Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
- Dept. of Food Biotechnology, Korea Univ. of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Inst., Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
- Dept. of Food Biotechnology, Korea Univ. of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55365, Republic of Korea
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Bang SJ, Kim G, Lim MY, Song EJ, Jung DH, Kum JS, Nam YD, Park CS, Seo DH. The influence of in vitro pectin fermentation on the human fecal microbiome. AMB Express 2018; 8:98. [PMID: 29909506 PMCID: PMC6004267 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pectin is a complex dietary fiber and a prebiotic. To investigate pectin-induced changes in the gut microbiome and their effects on the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production, we performed in vitro pectin fermentation using the feces of three Korean donors. The pectin degradations in all three donors were observed. While the donors displayed differences in baseline gut microbiota composition, commonly increased bacteria after pectin fermentation included Lachnospira, Dorea, Clostridium, and Sutterella. Regarding SCFAs, acetate levels rapidly increased with incubation with pectin, and butyrate levels also increased after 6 h of incubation. The results suggest that pectin fermentation increases bacterial species belonging to Clostridium cluster XIV (Lachnospira, Dorea, and Clostridium), with Lachnospira displaying the greatest increase. The results also confirm that pectin fermentation leads to the production of acetate and butyrate.
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Whon TW, Chung WH, Lim MY, Song EJ, Kim PS, Hyun DW, Shin NR, Bae JW, Nam YD. The effects of sequencing platforms on phylogenetic resolution in 16 S rRNA gene profiling of human feces. Sci Data 2018; 5:180068. [PMID: 29688220 PMCID: PMC5914283 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-quality and high-throughput sequencing technologies are required for therapeutic and diagnostic analyses of human gut microbiota. Here, we evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of the various commercial sequencing platforms for studying human gut microbiota. We generated fecal bacterial sequences from 170 Korean subjects using the GS FLX+ (V1–4), Illumina MiSeq (V1–3, V3–4 and V4), and PacBio (V1–9) systems. Comparative analyses revealed that the PacBio data showed the weakest relationship with the reference whole-metagenome shotgun datasets. The PacBio system generated sequences with a significantly higher level of deletions than datasets generated by other platforms, with an abnormally high proportion of sequences assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. Low sequencing accuracy and low coverage of terminal regions in public 16 S rRNA databases deteriorate the advantages of long read length, resulting in low taxonomic resolution in amplicon sequencing of human gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Woong Whon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Hyong Chung
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Young Lim
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea.,Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil Soo Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Hyun
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ri Shin
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Bae
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea.,Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
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Jung DH, Seo DH, Kim GY, Nam YD, Song EJ, Yoon S, Park CS. The effect of resistant starch (RS) on the bovine rumen microflora and isolation of RS-degrading bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:4927-4936. [PMID: 29654556 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8971-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Resistant starch (RS) in the diet reaches the large intestine without degradation, where it is decomposed by the commensal microbiota. The fermentation of RS produces secondary metabolites including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which have been linked to a variety of physiological and health effects. Therefore, the availability of RS as a prebiotic is a current issue. The objectives of this study were (1) to use metagenomics to observe microbial flora changes in Bos taurus coreanae rumen fluid in the presence of RS and (2) to isolate RS-degrading microorganisms. The major microbial genus in a general rumen fluid was Succiniclasticum sp., whereas Streptococcus sp. immediately predominated after the addition of RS into the culture medium and was then drastically replaced by Lactobacillus sp. The presence of Bifidobacterium sp. was also observed continuously. Several microorganisms with high RS granule-degrading activity were identified and isolated, including B. choerinum FMB-1 and B. pseudolongum FMB-2. B. choerinum FMB-1 showed the highest RS-hydrolyzing activity and degraded almost 60% of all substrates tested. Coculture experiments demonstrated that Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 14869, which was isolated from human feces, could grow using reducing sugars generated from RS by B. choerinum FMB-1. These results suggest that Bifidobacterium spp., especially B. choerinum FMB-1, are the putative primary degrader of RS in rumen microbial flora and could be further studied as probiotic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyun Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Gut Microbiome Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Young Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Gut Microbiome Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Gut Microbiome Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shawn Yoon
- Global Research and Technology, Ingredion Incorporated, Bridgewater, NJ, 08807, USA
| | - Cheon-Seok Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea.
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Lim MY, Song EJ, Kim SH, Lee J, Nam YD. Comparison of DNA extraction methods for human gut microbial community profiling. Syst Appl Microbiol 2018; 41:151-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Lee DH, Kim MJ, Song EJ, Kim JH, Ahn J, Nam YD, Jang YJ, Ha TY, Jung CH. Nutrikinetic study of genistein metabolites in ovariectomized mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186320. [PMID: 29059247 PMCID: PMC5653299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of ovariectomy on nutrikinetics of genistein metabolites. To characterize the time-dependent changes in genistein metabolite concentrations, we identified 13 genistein metabolites using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The nutrikinetics of the individual metabolites at different time points were analyzed. Nutrikinetic analysis showed that genistein, genistein 4'-glucuronide, genistein 7-glucuronide, 3-hydroxygenistein, and hippuric acid showed relatively high bioavailability in the sham group compared to that in the ovariectomy group, suggesting that ovariectomy likely results in lower genistein bioavailability. These results may be related to alteration of gut microbiota by ovariectomy. The relative abundance of species of the Parabacteroides, Dorea, and Butyricimonas genera, and Desulfovibrionaceae_unclassified, Lachnospiraceae_unclassified, and Rikenellaceae_unclassified families increased in the ovariectomy group while the relative abundance of 523_7_unclassified and Y52_unclassified_unclassified increased in the sham group. These results suggest that gut microbiota alteration by ovariectomy may affect genistein bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hye Lee
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Jang
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Youl Ha
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Cho JN, Song EJ, Lee MH, Jung SY, Lee S, Kang HS, Sim SH, Park IH, Lee KS, Kim YJ, Kim SK, Kwon Y, Nam BH, Lee ES. Abstract P2-01-12: Development of prediction model for omission of sentinel lymph node biopsy in T1 breast cancer. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p2-01-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Axillary sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a standard method for axillary nodal staging in the treatment of breast cancer. However, along with the trends to SLN performed only without additional axillary lymph node dissection, it's time to be considered omission of SLN for selective patients. We developed a prediction model to assess the negative probability of sentinel lymph node metastasis, specifically focus on the patients with clinical T1 breast cancer.
METHODS and MATERIALS
The study group consisted of 513 consecutive patients with clinical T1 breast cancer, who had undergone primary surgery between 2007 and 2012. The clinicopathologic factors and imaging modalities including breast ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), chest computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET) were evaluated. Patients who fulfilled our inclusion criteria were randomized into experimental and validation set by 3:1 ratio. In the experimental group (n = 256), multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association of each variable with the likelihood of SLN metastases. A prediction model was developed based on the patients in the experimental group and was validated with internal patient cohorts.
RESULTS
Of the 513 patients, 119 (23.1%) were found to have SLN metastases. In univariate analysis, presence of lymphovascular invasion (P < 0.001) and suspicious finding of preoperative image studies (US, PET, and MRI, P < 0.001) were independent positive predictors of SLN metastases. In multivariate analysis of experimental group, estrogen receptor status (P = 0.012), presence of lymphatic invasion (P < 0.001), and suspicious finding of preoperative image studies (US, PET, and MRI, P < 0.001) were each associated with involvement of SLN. A prediction model based on this analysis consists of 9 rows including 6 variables (age, estrogen receptor status, presence of lymphatic invasion, and results of preoperative US, PET or CT, MRI). The sum of assigned points for all six variables made corresponding value of negative probability of SLN metastasis. The accuracy of prediction model applied to the validation group, as measured by the area under the receiver operating curve was 0.789.
CONCLUSIONS
The prediction model developed here may be a useful tool to assess SLN involvement for clinical T1 breast cancer patients. And prospective study for additional validation of the prediction model is currently in preparation, exploring the possibility of SLN biopsy omission.
Citation Format: Cho JN, Song EJ, Lee MH, Jung S-Y, Lee S, Kang H-S, Sim SH, Park IH, Lee KS, Kim YJ, Kim S-K, Kwon Y, Nam B-H, Lee ES. Development of prediction model for omission of sentinel lymph node biopsy in T1 breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- JN Cho
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - EJ Song
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - MH Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - S-Y Jung
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - H-S Kang
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - SH Sim
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - IH Park
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - KS Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - YJ Kim
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - S-K Kim
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - Y Kwon
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - B-H Nam
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
| | - ES Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinu, Korea
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Lee SH, Song EJ, Hwangbo Y, Lee S, Park CK. Change of uterine histroph proteins during follicular and luteal phase in pigs. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 168:26-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lee MH, Park B, Song EJ, Park SJ, Kong SY, Lee ES. Abstract P4-10-12: Psychosocial health of disease-free breast cancer survivors compared with cancer-free general population: Korean health examinee cohort study. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p4-10-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background/purpose: The number of long-term breast cancer survivors is increasing rapidly due to the growing rates of detection, incidence and improved survival. Quality of life (QOL) of physical and psychosocial health outcomes vary across the breast cancer survivors including diagnosis at different stages of breast cancer. There is little data regarding the psychosocial health of disease-free breast cancer survivors compared with those of general population. We conducted to assess the QOL, especially psychosocial health, of disease-free female survivors over 2 year after breast cancer diagnosis compared with cancer-free control women.
Methods: We used baseline data from the health examinee cohort, a part of the Korea Genome Epidemiology Study which is a large scaled cohort study established since 2001. This cohort has collected data of past medical history, socioeconomical factors (income, education, marital status and current employment status) and health behavioral factors (smoking, drinking, physical activity, BMI, menopausal status and subjective health status) of participants while they underwent regular health examination. The disease-free breast cancer survivors were defined as those who answered that they were ≥2 years from the initial diagnosis of breast cancer without recurrence and current treatment. Among the participants female subjects without history of any type cancer were randomly selected at 1:4 ratio by 5-year age groups, educational attainment level and household income as a comparison group. We analyzed Psychosocial Well-being Index-Short Form (PWI-SF) in these two groups. Subjects with score ≤8, 9–26, and 27 were classified as the 'healthy group', 'latent stress group', and 'stress group,' respectively.
Results: Total 347 survivors of breast cancer and 1,388 matched participants without cancer history were selected for analysis. Even after being matched for education and household income status, breast cancer survivors showed better psychosocial health status and health behaviors compared with matched comparison group. The prevalence of latent stress and stress group (vs healthy group) by PWI-SF score was 88.2% in breast cancer survivors and 89.9% in the matched female controls, showing borderline significant differences (p = 0.057). The prevalence rates of ever drinkers and smokers or obese women were lower and of those who exercised ≥150 min/week were higher in breast cancer survivors (p < 0.05). The total PWI-SF score was lower in breast cancer survivors, suggesting lower level of psychosocial stress level in breast cancer survivors. After adjusting for effects of other sociodemographic variables, breast cancer survivors were less likely to be included in stress group by 36% (OR = 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42–0.98).
Conclusions: The disease-free breast cancer survivors with regular health examination showed better psychosocial health status compared with matched general population. The better health behaviors in cancer survivors such as less alcohol drinking, low BMI, less history of smoking and more regular exercise, which have been identified in several previous cancer survivors studies might be attributed to their better psychosocial health status.
Citation Format: Lee MH, Park B, Song EJ, Park SJ, Kong S-Y, Lee ES. Psychosocial health of disease-free breast cancer survivors compared with cancer-free general population: Korean health examinee cohort study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-10-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- MH Lee
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - B Park
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - EJ Song
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - SJ Park
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - S-Y Kong
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - ES Lee
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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Do JH, Kim W, Cho YK, Lee J, Song EJ, Chun YM, Jeon JY. EFFECTS OF RESISTANCE EXERCISES AND COMPLEX DECONGESTIVE THERAPY ON ARM FUNCTION AND MUSCULAR STRENGTH IN BREAST CANCER RELATED LYMPHEDEMA. Lymphology 2015; 48:184-196. [PMID: 27164764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of resistance exercises into the lifestyle of patients with lymphedema is understudied and an emerging interest. We investigated the effectiveness and results of adding a moderate intensity resistance exercise program for 8 weeks in conjunction with intensive CDT for 1 or 2 weeks (depending on severity) on arm volume, arm function, QOL, and muscular strength in patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema. This prospective, pilot trial included forty-four patients with a history of breast cancer who were beginning complex decongestive therapy for lymphedema. They were assigned to either the intervention (n = 22) or control (n = 22). groups. The intervention comprised of resis- tance band exercises 5 times a week for 8 weeks. These were initially supervised during the intensive lymphedema treatment, but performed independently during the study period. Limb volume, muscular strength, and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QOL Questionnaire C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), EORTC-Breast Cancer-Specific QOL Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-BR23), and Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaires were assessed at baseline and at 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, the intervention group demonstrated statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the DASH score and muscular strength compared to the control group. Our results indicate that upper body resistance exercise demonstrates a positive effect on arm function and muscular strength without increasing arm volume in breast cancer related lymphedema during and shortly post intensive CDT lymphedema treatment.
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Tong YQ, Liu B, Liu H, Zheng HY, Gu J, Liu H, Song EJ, Song C, Li Y. Accurate genotyping of hepatitis C virus through nucleotide sequencing and identification of new HCV subtypes in China population. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:874.e9-874.e21. [PMID: 26055416 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide sequencing of the phylogenetically informative region of NS5B remains the gold standard for hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotyping. Here we developed a new methodology for sequencing new NS5B regions to increase the accuracy and sensitivity of HCV genotyping and subtyping. The eight new primers were identified by scanning the full-length NS5B regions from 1127 HCV genomic sequences found in HCV databases. The ability of each pair of primers to amplify HCV subtypes was scored, and the new primers were able to amplify the NS5B region better than the previously used primers, therefore more accurately subtyping HCV strains. Sequencing the DNA amplified by the new primer pairs can specifically and correctly detect the five standard HCV subtypes (1a, 2a, 3b, 6a and 1b). We further examined patient samples and found that the new primers were able to identify HCV subtypes in clinical samples with high sensitivity. This method was able to detect all subtypes of HCV in 567 clinical samples. Importantly, three novel HCV subtypes (1b-2a, 1b-2k and 6d-6k) were identified in the samples, which have not been previous reported in China. In conclusion, sequencing the NS5B region amplified by the new NS5B primers is a more reliable method of HCV genotyping and a more sensitive diagnostic tool than sequencing using the previously described primers, and could identify new HCV subtypes. Our research is useful for clinical diagnosis, guidance of clinical treatment, management of clinical patients, and studies on the epidemiology of HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-Q Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China; Clinical Molecular Diagnostic Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - B Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Tianyou Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - H Liu
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - H-Y Zheng
- Clinical Molecular Diagnostic Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - J Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China
| | - H Liu
- Clinical Molecular Diagnostic Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - E J Song
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - C Song
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.
| | - Y Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China; Clinical Molecular Diagnostic Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Whon TW, Hyun DW, Nam YD, Kim MS, Song EJ, Jang YK, Jung ES, Shin NR, Oh SJ, Kim PS, Kim HS, Lee CH, Bae JW. Genomic and phenotypic analyses of Carnobacterium jeotgali strain MS3(T), a lactate-producing candidate biopreservative bacterium isolated from salt-fermented shrimp. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2015; 362:fnv058. [PMID: 25868912 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnv058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnobacterium jeotgali strain MS3(T) was isolated from traditionally fermented Korean shrimp produced with bay salt. The bacterium belongs to the family Carnobacteriaceae, produces lactic acid and contains gene clusters involved in the production of lactate, butyrate, aromatic compounds and exopolysaccharides. Carnobacterium jeotgali strain MS3(T) was characterized through extensive comparison of the virulence potential, genomic relatedness and sequence similarities of its genome with the genomes of other Carnobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. In addition, links between predicted functions of genes and phenotypic characteristics, such as antibiotic resistance and lactate and butyrate production, were extensively evaluated. Genomic and phenotypic analyses of strain MS3(T) revealed promising features, including minimal virulence genes and lactate production, which make this bacterium a desirable candidate for exploitation by the fermented food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Woong Whon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Hyun
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Fermentation and Functionality Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Fermentation and Functionality Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyung Jang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sung Jung
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ri Shin
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Joon Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil Soo Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Bae
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Cha IT, Song EJ, Seok YJ, Lee H, Park I, Lee YK, Roh SW, Choi HJ, Nam YD, Seo MJ. Draft genome sequence of a denitrifying bacterium Paracoccus marcusii PAMC 22219 isolated from Arctic marine sediment. Mar Genomics 2015; 21:27-9. [PMID: 25637653 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A denitrifying bacterium, Paracoccus marcusii PAMC 22219, was isolated from Arctic marine sediment in Svalbard, Norway. The obtained contigs were 265 with genome size of 4.0Mb and G+C content of 66.1%. This bacterial genome revealed that it had nitrate and nitrite ammonification genes involved in the denitrification process, suggesting that P. marcusii PAMC 22219 is a denitrifying bacterium. This is the first genome that has been sequenced in the genus Paracoccus, isolated from an Arctic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Tae Cha
- Divison of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Fermentation Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea; Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ji Seok
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhye Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Kyung Lee
- Arctic Research Center, Korea Polar Research Institute, KIOST, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woon Roh
- Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea; Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Jong Choi
- World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 503-360, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Fermentation Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea; Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung-Ji Seo
- Divison of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea.
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45
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Lee MH, Rhee JK, Cha IT, Song EJ, Song HS, Yim KJ, Seo MJ, Choi JS, Choi HJ, Yoon C, Nam YD, Roh SW. Draft genome sequence of the agarolytic haloarchaeon Halobellus rufus type strain CBA1103. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2014; 362:1-3. [PMID: 25790488 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnu005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The extremely halophilic archaeon Halobellus rufus type strain CBA1103(T) (CECT 8423(T) and JCM 19434(T)) was isolated from non-purified solar salt and characterized as an agarase producer. The draft genome sequence contains 3852 303 bp with a G + C content of 64.1% and includes genomic information on various carbohydrate-active enzymes. This is the first sequenced genome of the genus Halobellus, and is expected to provide general sequence information for halophilic carbohydrate-active enzymes and opportunities for biotechnological applications of novel halophilic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hwa Lee
- Fermentation Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Rhee
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Tae Cha
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Fermentation Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye S Song
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung J Yim
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Ji Seo
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soon Choi
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Jong Choi
- World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 503-360, Republic of Korea
| | - Changmann Yoon
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Fermentation Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong W Roh
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
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Lee MH, Song EJ, Seo MJ, Hyun DW, Bae JW, Lee SY, Roh SW, Nam YD. Phaeobacter marinintestinus sp. nov., isolated from the intestine of a sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus). Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2014; 107:209-16. [PMID: 25355001 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-014-0318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, and rod-shaped bacterial strain designated UB-M7(T) was isolated from the intestine of a sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) collected from Pohang in South Korea. Strain UB-M7(T) displayed optimal growth at 25 °C, pH 7.0-7.5, and with 2.0-3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain UB-M7(T) clustered with Phaeobacter arcticus DSM 23566(T), Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 16374(T), Phaeobacter gallaeciensis BS107(T), and Phaeobacter leonis 306(T), exhibiting 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 96.8, 96.6, 96.4, and 96.2 %, respectively. Strain UB-M7(T) was found to exhibit the highest gyrB sequence similarity value of 80.6 % to the type strain of P. arcticus. The major respiratory quinone of strain UB-M7(T) was found to be ubiquinone 10 (Q-10). The major cellular fatty acids (>5 % of the total fatty acids) are summed features 8 (comprising C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c), 11-methyl C18:1 ω7c, and cyclo C19:0 ω8c. The DNA G+C content was found to be 58.5 mol% and DNA-DNA relatedness value with P. arcticus JCM 14644(T) was 17.2 ± 2.4 %. The major polar lipids of strain UB-M7(T) were identified as phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine; one phospholipid, and three other lipids remain unidentified. Based on its phenotypic, phylogenetic, and chemotaxonomic properties it is concluded that strain UB-M7(T) represents a novel species in the genus Phaeobacter, for which the name Phaeobacter marinintestinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is UB-M7(T) (=KCCM 43045(T) = JCM 19926(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hwa Lee
- Fermentation Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Sungnam, 463-746, Republic of Korea
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Lee MH, Lee HW, Song EJ, Song HS, Yim KJ, Cha IT, Seo MJ, Rhee JK, Choi HJ, Kim D, Kim KN, Roh SW, Nam YD. Draft genome sequence of Halolamina rubra CBA1107(T), an agarolytic haloarchaeon isolated from solar salt. Mar Genomics 2014; 18 Pt B:127-8. [PMID: 25218781 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Halolamina rubra CBA1107(T) (=CECT 8421(T), JCM 19436(T)), an extremely halophilic archaeon, was isolated from non-purified solar salt in the Republic of Korea. H. rubra CBA1107(T) shows agarase activity, and its draft genome contains 2955,064bp with a G+C content of 69.0%. This is the first genome that has been sequenced in the genus Halolamina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hwa Lee
- Fermentation Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Lee
- World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 503-360, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Fermentation Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea; Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Seon Song
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung June Yim
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Tae Cha
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Ji Seo
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Rhee
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Jong Choi
- World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 503-360, Republic of Korea
| | - Daekyung Kim
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil-Nam Kim
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woon Roh
- Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea; Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Fermentation Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea; Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
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Song EJ, Lee MH, Seo MJ, Yim KJ, Hyun DW, Bae JW, Park SL, Roh SW, Nam YD. Bizionia psychrotolerans sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from the intestine of a sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2014; 106:837-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-014-0253-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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You JY, Song EJ, Lee MH, Jung SY, Lee SY, Kang HS, Lee ES. Abstract P1-01-19: Role of axillary clearance with tumor positive sentinel node in mastectomy group: Is the results of ACOSOG Z0011 trial adaptable to mastectomy patient? Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p1-01-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Recent data from ACOSOG Z0011 trial or AMAROS trial suggest that axillary lymph node dissection(ALND) may be unnecessary for patients with positive sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB) receiving breast conserving surgery(BCS) with irradiation. However, consensus statements and guidelines until recently recommended that patients with mastectomy and tumor positive sentinel node undergo completion ALND. In this preliminary study, we compared these patients who did not undergo ALND with the patients who received BCS with SLNB only and irradiation and we analyzed the locoregional recurrence rate to show no differences of outcomes between two groups.
Method: We identified 6,163 women with invasive breast cancer who underwent surgical resection at the National Cancer Center (Goyang,Gyeonggi-do,Korea) between January 2000 to December 2011. Clinico-pathological data obtained from prospective collecting medical database of our institution were analyzed retrospectively. The mastectomy with positive SLNB group was 47 patients and BCS with positive SLNB and irradiation group was 172 patients. The primary end point was loco-regional recurrence rate.
Result : Clinical and tumor characteristics were similar between two groups except T stage and receptor status. The mean tumor size was 5.5cm with mastectomy group and 3.5cm with BCS group. The median number of nodes removed was three. There was not a single case of locoregional recurrence in both groups. At a median follow-up of 53.5 months (last follow-up, May 2013), 5-year overall survival was 85.7% with mastectomy and 97.3% with BCS group.
Conclusion : In our study, there was no case of locoregional recurrence as above. This results lend weight to the argument that SLNB without ALND may be reasonable management for selected patients with appropriate surgery and adjuvant systemic therapy. This study can be regarded as a preliminary study with a sufficient value despite of the prognosis showed some statistical differences between two groups. It resides in the difference of initial stage of patients of two groups. We will present additional data compared with the mastectomy with axillary clearance group at the meeting.
Acknowledgement This work was supported by grant from the National Cancer Center Korea (1210331-2).
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-01-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- JY You
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - EJ Song
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - MH Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - SY Jung
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - SY Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - HS Kang
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - ES Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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50
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Jung SY, Song EJ, You JY, Lee MH, Kwon Y, Ko KL, Park IH, Lee KS, Ro J, Lee S, Kang HS, Lee E, Shin KH. Abstract P3-08-14: Could the preoperative systemic therapy be a risk factor for breast cancer-related lymphedema in stage II/III breast cancer? Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p3-08-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The breast cancer-related lymphedema (LE) has been known to be closely related to axillary lymph nodes dissection (ALND), chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. In this study, we evaluated whether the sequence of systemic chemotherapy and surgery could be a predictive factor in stage II/III breast cancer.
Methods and Materials: A total of 867 patients with stage II/III breast cancer, who underwent curative surgery with adequate systemic therapy from 2004 to 2009, were retrospectively analyzed. Adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) was performed in 571 patients (65.9%) and preoperative systemic chemotherapy (PSC) in 296 (34.1%). We evaluated the incidence of LE by clinicopathologic factors and treatments.
Results: At a median follow-up of 5.1 years (range, 3.0-8.3 years), 360 patients (41.5%) had experienced LE, 244 patients have retained LE (permanent LE), and 116 patents were normalized. The overall 5-year cumulative incidence of LE was 17%. LE occurred in 188 patients (32.9%) in patients with ACT, 172 patients (58.1%) with PSC (P<0.001), permanent LE in 121 (21.2%) with ACT, 123 (41.6%) with PSC (P<0.001), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that PSC (hazard ratio [HR], 1.65; P<.001), radiotherapy (HR, 2.24; P<0.01), ALND (HR, 1.41; P = 0.04), and nodal stage (HR, 1.93; P = 0.04) were independent risk factors for LE occurrence. For the permanent LE, PSC (HR, 1.44; P = 0.05), radiotherapy (HR, 2.79; P<0.01), ALND (HR, 1.77; P<0.01), and nodal stage (HR, 3.01; P = 0.02) showed the associations.
Conclusions: The risk factors associated with LE were advanced stage, ALND and radiotherapy. PSC was one of predictors for transients LE. However, further evaluation should be done whether it is a risk factor for permanent LE.
This research was supported by National Cancer Center Grant NCC-1210181-2 by the National Cancer Center, Republic of Korea.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-08-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- SY Jung
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - EJ Song
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - JY You
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - MH Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Kwon
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - KL Ko
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - IH Park
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - KS Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - J Ro
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Kang
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - E Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - KH Shin
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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