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Milesi P, Baldelli Bombelli F, Lanfrancone L, Gomila RM, Frontera A, Metrangolo P, Terraneo G. Structural Insights on the Role of Halogen Bonding in Protein MEK Kinase-Inhibitor Complexes. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202301033. [PMID: 38501888 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202301033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Kinases are enzymes that play a critical role in governing essential biological processes. Due to their pivotal involvement in cancer cell signaling, they have become key targets in the development of anti-cancer drugs. Among these drugs, those containing the 2,4-dihalophenyl moiety demonstrated significant potential. Here we show how this moiety, particularly the 2-fluoro-4-iodophenyl one, is crucial for the structural stability of the formed drug-enzyme complexes. Crystallographic analysis of reported kinase-inhibitor complex structures highlights the role of the halogen bonding that this moiety forms with specific residues of the kinase binding site. This interaction is not limited to FDA-approved MEK inhibitors, but it is also relevant for other kinase inhibitors, indicating its broad relevance in the design of this class of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Milesi
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
- Laboratory of Innovative approaches for tissue engineering and drug delivery, Joint Research Platform "ONCO-TECH LAB - Modeling and Applications for Human Health", Politecnico di Milano - IEO "European Institute of Oncology", IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
- Laboratory of Innovative approaches for tissue engineering and drug delivery, Joint Research Platform "ONCO-TECH LAB - Modeling and Applications for Human Health", Politecnico di Milano - IEO "European Institute of Oncology", IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milano, Italy
| | - Luisa Lanfrancone
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
- Laboratory of Innovative approaches for tissue engineering and drug delivery, Joint Research Platform "ONCO-TECH LAB - Modeling and Applications for Human Health", Politecnico di Milano - IEO "European Institute of Oncology", IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosa M Gomila
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca (Baleares), Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca (Baleares), Spain
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
- Laboratory of Innovative approaches for tissue engineering and drug delivery, Joint Research Platform "ONCO-TECH LAB - Modeling and Applications for Human Health", Politecnico di Milano - IEO "European Institute of Oncology", IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milano, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
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2
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Malacarne C, Giagnorio E, Chirizzi C, Cattaneo M, Saraceno F, Cavalcante P, Bonanno S, Mantegazza R, Moreno-Manzano V, Lauria G, Metrangolo P, Bombelli FB, Marcuzzo S. FM19G11-loaded nanoparticles modulate energetic status and production of reactive oxygen species in myoblasts from ALS mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116380. [PMID: 38447450 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Considerable evidence indicates that early skeletal muscle atrophy plays a crucial role in the disease pathogenesis, leading to an altered muscle-motor neuron crosstalk that, in turn, may contribute to motor neuron degeneration. Currently, there is no effective treatment for ALS, highlighting the need to dig deeper into the pathological mechanisms for developing innovative therapeutic strategies. FM19G11 is a novel drug able to modulate the global cellular metabolism, but its effects on ALS skeletal muscle atrophy and mitochondrial metabolism have never been evaluated, yet. This study investigated whether FM19G11-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) may affect the bioenergetic status in myoblasts isolated from G93A-SOD1 mice at different disease stages. We found that FM19G1-loaded NP treatment was able to increase transcriptional levels of Akt1, Akt3, Mef2a, Mef2c and Ucp2, which are key genes associated with cell proliferation (Akt1, Akt3), muscle differentiation (Mef2c), and mitochondrial activity (Ucp2), in G93A-SOD1 myoblasts. These cells also showed a significant reduction of mitochondrial area and networks, in addition to decreased ROS production after treatment with FM19G11-loaded NPs, suggesting a ROS clearance upon the amelioration of mitochondrial dynamics. Our overall findings demonstrate a significant impact of FM19G11-loaded NPs on muscle cell function and bioenergetic status in G93A-SOD1 myoblasts, thus promising to open new avenues towards possible adoption of FM19G11-based nanotherapies to slow muscle degeneration in the frame of ALS and muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Malacarne
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Eleonora Giagnorio
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Cristina Chirizzi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy; Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNano Lab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20131, Italy
| | - Marco Cattaneo
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy; PhD Program in Pharmacological Biomolecular Sciences, Experimental and Clinical, University of Milano, Via G.Balzaretti 9, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Fulvia Saraceno
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy; Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Paola Cavalcante
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Silvia Bonanno
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Victoria Moreno-Manzano
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center, Carrer d´Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNano Lab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20131, Italy; Brains Lab, Joint Research Platform, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta-Politecnico di Milano, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNano Lab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20131, Italy
| | - Stefania Marcuzzo
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy; Brains Lab, Joint Research Platform, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta-Politecnico di Milano, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Bona BL, Lagarrigue P, Chirizzi C, Espinoza MIM, Pipino C, Metrangolo P, Cellesi F, Baldelli Bombelli F. Design of fluorinated stealth poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocarriers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113730. [PMID: 38176337 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The covalent functionalization of polymers with fluorinated moieties represents a promising strategy for the development of multimodal systems. Moreover, polymer fluorination often endows the resulting nanocarriers with improved colloidal stability in the biological environment. In this work, we developed fluorinated pegylated (PEG) biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) drug nanocarriers showing both high colloidal stability and stealth properties, as well as being (19F)-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) detectable. The optimized nanocarriers were obtained mixing a PEG-PCL block copolymer with a nonafluoro-functionalized PCL polymer. The role of PEGylation and fluorination on self-assembly and colloidal behavior of the obtained nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated, as well as their respective role on stealth properties and colloidal stability. To prove the feasibility of the developed NPs as potential 19F NMR detectable drug delivery systems, a hydrophobic drug was successfully encapsulated, and the maintenance of the relevant 19F NMR properties evaluated. Drug-loaded fluorinated NPs still retained a sharp and intense 19F NMR signal and good relaxivity parameters (i.e., T1 and T2 relaxation times) in water, which were not impaired by drug encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Lucia Bona
- SupraBioNanoLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Prescillia Lagarrigue
- SupraBioNanoLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20131, Italy; Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Cristina Chirizzi
- SupraBioNanoLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Maria Isabel Martinez Espinoza
- SupraBioNanoLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Christian Pipino
- SupraBioNanoLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- SupraBioNanoLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Francesco Cellesi
- SupraBioNanoLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20131, Italy; Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- SupraBioNanoLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20131, Italy.
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Gatti L, Chirizzi C, Rotta G, Milesi P, Sancho-Albero M, Sebastián V, Mondino A, Santamaría J, Metrangolo P, Chaabane L, Bombelli FB. Pivotal role of the protein corona in the cell uptake of fluorinated nanoparticles with increased sensitivity for 19F-MR imaging. Nanoscale Adv 2023; 5:3749-3760. [PMID: 37441254 PMCID: PMC10334373 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00229b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In vivo cell tracking by non-invasive imaging technologies is needed to accelerate the clinical translation of innovative cell-based therapies. In this regard, 19F-MRI has recently gained increased attention for unbiased localization of labeled cells over time. To push forward the use of 19F-MRI for cell tracking, the development of highly performant 19F-probes is required. PLGA-based NPs containing PERFECTA, a multibranched superfluorinated molecule with an optimal MRI profile thanks to its 36 magnetically equivalent fluorine atoms, are promising 19F-MRI probes. In this work we demonstrate the importance of the surface functionalization of these NPs in relation to their interaction with the biological environment, stressing the pivotal role of the formation of the protein corona (PC) in their cellular labelling efficacy. In particular, our studies showed that the formation of PC NPs strongly promotes the cellular internalization of these NPs in microglia cells. We advocate that the formation of PC NPs in the culture medium can be a key element to be used for the optimization of cell labelling with a considerable increase of the detection sensitivity by 19F-MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lodovico Gatti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, 32 Milano 20131 Italy
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Via Olgettina, 58 Milano 20132 Italy
| | - Cristina Chirizzi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, 32 Milano 20131 Italy
| | - Giulia Rotta
- Lymphocyte Activation Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Via Olgettina, 58 Milan 20132 Italy
| | - Pietro Milesi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, 32 Milano 20131 Italy
| | - María Sancho-Albero
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza Calle Pedro Cerbuna, 12 Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza Calle Pedro Cerbuna, 12 Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Calle Monforte de Lemos, 3-5 Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Victor Sebastián
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza Calle Pedro Cerbuna, 12 Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza Calle Pedro Cerbuna, 12 Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Calle Monforte de Lemos, 3-5 Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Anna Mondino
- Lymphocyte Activation Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Via Olgettina, 58 Milan 20132 Italy
| | - Jesús Santamaría
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza Calle Pedro Cerbuna, 12 Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza Calle Pedro Cerbuna, 12 Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Calle Monforte de Lemos, 3-5 Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, 32 Milano 20131 Italy
| | - Linda Chaabane
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Via Olgettina, 58 Milano 20132 Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, 32 Milano 20131 Italy
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5
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Sancho-Albero M, Ayaz N, Sebastian V, Chirizzi C, Encinas-Gimenez M, Neri G, Chaabane L, Luján L, Martin-Duque P, Metrangolo P, Santamaría J, Baldelli Bombelli F. Superfluorinated Extracellular Vesicles for In Vivo Imaging by 19F-MRI. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:8974-8985. [PMID: 36780137 PMCID: PMC9951174 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication and have great potential as efficient delivery vectors. However, a better understanding of EV in vivo behavior is hampered by the limitations of current imaging tools. In addition, chemical labels present the risk of altering the EV membrane features and, thus, in vivo behavior. 19F-MRI is a safe bioimaging technique providing selective images of exogenous probes. Here, we present the first example of fluorinated EVs containing PERFECTA, a branched molecule with 36 magnetically equivalent 19F atoms. A PERFECTA emulsion is given to the cells, and PERFECTA-containing EVs are naturally produced. PERFECTA-EVs maintain the physicochemical features, morphology, and biological fingerprint as native EVs but exhibit an intense 19F-NMR signal and excellent 19F relaxation times. In vivo 19F-MRI and tumor-targeting capabilities of stem cell-derived PERFECTA-EVs are also proved. We propose PERFECTA-EVs as promising biohybrids for imaging biodistribution and delivery of EVs throughout the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Sancho-Albero
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nazeeha Ayaz
- Laboratory
of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNano Lab), Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Victor Sebastian
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Chirizzi
- Laboratory
of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNano Lab), Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy
- Experimental
Neurology (INSPE) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), Neuroscience
Division, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Miguel Encinas-Gimenez
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Neri
- Laboratory
of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNano Lab), Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Chaabane
- Experimental
Neurology (INSPE) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), Neuroscience
Division, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Lluís Luján
- Department
of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto
Universitario de Investigación Mixto Agroalimentario de Aragón
(IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Martin-Duque
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS) /IIS Aragón, Zaragoza 5009, Spain
- Fundación
Araid, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory
of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNano Lab), Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Jesús Santamaría
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory
of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNano Lab), Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy
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Pigliacelli C, Belton P, Wilde P, Bombelli FB, Kroon PA, Winterbone MS, Qi S. Interaction of polymers with bile salts - Impact on solubilisation and absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 222:113044. [PMID: 36436403 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.113044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Formulating poorly soluble drugs with polymers in the form of solid dispersions has been widely used for improving drug dissolution. Endogenous surface-active species present in the gut, such as bile salts, lecithin and other phospholipids, have been shown to play a key role in facilitating lipids and poorly soluble drugs solubilisation in the gut. In this study, we examined the possible occurrence of interactions between a model bile salt, sodium taurocholate (NaTC), and model spray dried solid dispersions comprising piroxicam and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC), a commonly used hydrophilic polymer for solid dispersion preparation. Solubility measurements revealed the good solubilisation effect of NaTC on the crystalline drug, which was enhanced by the addition of HPMC, and further boosted by the drug formulation into solid dispersion. The colloidal behaviour of the solid dispersions upon dissolution in biorelevant media, with and without NaTC, revealed the formation of NaTC-HPMC complexes and other mixed colloidal species. Cellular level drug absorption studies obtained using Caco-2 monolayers confirmed that the combination of drug being delivered by solid dispersion and the presence of bile salt and lecithin significantly contributed to the improved drug absorption. Together with the role of NaTC-HPMC complexes in assisting the drug solubilisation, our results also highlight the complex interplay between bile salts, excipients and drug absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pigliacelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy.
| | - Peter Belton
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Peter Wilde
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Paul A Kroon
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Mark S Winterbone
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Sheng Qi
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK.
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7
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Chirizzi C, Gatti L, Sancho-Albero M, Sebastian V, Arruebo M, Uson L, Neri G, Santamaria J, Metrangolo P, Chaabane L, Baldelli Bombelli F. Optimization of superfluorinated PLGA nanoparticles for enhanced cell labelling and detection by 19F-MRI. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 220:112932. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Pizzi A, Sori L, Pigliacelli C, Gautieri A, Andolina C, Bergamaschi G, Gori A, Panine P, Grande AM, Linder MB, Baldelli Bombelli F, Soncini M, Metrangolo P. Emergence of Elastic Properties in a Minimalist Resilin-Derived Heptapeptide upon Bromination. Small 2022; 18:e2200807. [PMID: 35723172 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bromination is herein exploited to promote the emergence of elastic behavior in a short peptide-SDSYGAP-derived from resilin, a rubber-like protein exerting its role in the jumping and flight systems of insects. Elastic and resilient hydrogels are obtained, which also show self-healing behavior, thanks to the promoted non-covalent interactions that limit deformations and contribute to the structural recovery of the peptide-based hydrogel. In particular, halogen bonds may stabilize the β-sheet organization working as non-covalent cross-links between nearby peptide strands. Importantly, the unmodified peptide (i.e., wild type) does not show such properties. Thus, SDSY(3,5-Br)GAP is a novel minimalist peptide elastomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pizzi
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab)Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, Milan, 20131, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sori
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab)Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, Milan, 20131, Italy
| | - Claudia Pigliacelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab)Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, Milan, 20131, Italy
- Hyber Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja2, Espoo, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Alfonso Gautieri
- Biomolecular Engineering Lab, Department of Electronics, Information, and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, 20131, Italy
| | - Clara Andolina
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab)Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, Milan, 20131, Italy
- Hyber Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja2, Espoo, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Greta Bergamaschi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche - National Research Council of Italy (SCITEC-CNR), Milan, 20131, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche - National Research Council of Italy (SCITEC-CNR), Milan, 20131, Italy
| | - Pierre Panine
- Xenocs SAS, 1-3 Allée du Nanomètre, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Antonio Mattia Grande
- Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 34, Milano, 20156, Italy
| | - Markus B Linder
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab)Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, Milan, 20131, Italy
| | - Monica Soncini
- Biomolecular Engineering Lab, Department of Electronics, Information, and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, 20131, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab)Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, Milan, 20131, Italy
- Hyber Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja2, Espoo, FI-00076, Finland
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9
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Pigliacelli C, Acocella A, Díez I, Moretti L, Dichiarante V, Demitri N, Jiang H, Maiuri M, Ras RHA, Bombelli FB, Cerullo G, Zerbetto F, Metrangolo P, Terraneo G. High-resolution crystal structure of a 20 kDa superfluorinated gold nanocluster. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2607. [PMID: 35545611 PMCID: PMC9095690 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29966-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystallization of atomically precise nanoclusters is gaining increasing attention, due to the opportunity of elucidating both intracluster and intercluster packing modes, and exploiting the functionality of the resulting highly pure crystallized materials. Herein, we report the design and single-crystal X-ray structure of a superfluorinated 20 kDa gold nanocluster, with an Au25 core coated by a shell of multi-branched highly fluorinated thiols (SF27) resulting in almost 500 fluorine atoms, i.e., ([Au25(SF27)18]0). The cluster shows a switchable solubility in the fluorous phase. X-ray analysis and computational studies reveal the key role of both intracluster and intercluster F···F contacts in driving [Au25(SF27)18]0 crystal packing and stabilization, highlighting the ability of multi-branched fluorinated thiols to endow atomically precise nanoclusters with remarkable crystallogenic behavior. The synthesis of atomically precise gold nanoclusters is highly desired for fundamental studies and applications. Here, the authors report the formation of a superfluorinated gold nanocluster stabilized by a multi-branched highly fluorinated thiol ligand, and characterize its crystal structure and molecule-like spectroscopic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pigliacelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy.,Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Puumiehenkuja 2, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Angela Acocella
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, V. F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Isabel Díez
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Puumiehenkuja 2, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Luca Moretti
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Dichiarante
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy.
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Puumiehenkuja 2, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Margherita Maiuri
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Robin H A Ras
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Puumiehenkuja 2, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland.,Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 16000, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- IFN-CNR, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Zerbetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, V. F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy. .,Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Puumiehenkuja 2, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy.
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10
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Rosati M, Acocella A, Pizzi A, Turtù G, Neri G, Demitri N, Nonappa, Raffaini G, Donnio B, Zerbetto F, Bombelli FB, Cavallo G, Metrangolo P. Janus-Type Dendrimers Based on Highly Branched Fluorinated Chains with Tunable Self-Assembly and 19F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Properties. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rosati
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Acocella
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via F. Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Pizzi
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Turtù
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via F. Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Neri
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nonappa
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Giuseppina Raffaini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Bertrand Donnio
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Materiaux de Strasbourg - IPCMS, UMR 7504 - CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, F-67034 Cedex 2 Strasbourg, France
| | - Francesco Zerbetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via F. Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cavallo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20133 Milan, Italy
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11
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Bergamaschi G, Musicò A, Frigerio R, Strada A, Pizzi A, Talone B, Ghezzi J, Gautieri A, Chiari M, Metrangolo P, Vanna R, Baldelli Bombelli F, Cretich M, Gori A. Composite Peptide-Agarose Hydrogels for Robust and High-Sensitivity 3D Immunoassays. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:4811-4822. [PMID: 35060693 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Canonical immunoassays rely on highly sensitive and specific capturing of circulating biomarkers by interacting biomolecular baits. In this frame, bioprobe immobilization in spatially discrete three-dimensional (3D) spots onto analytical surfaces by hydrogel encapsulation was shown to provide relevant advantages over conventional two-dimensional (2D) platforms. Yet, the broad application of 3D systems is still hampered by hurdles in matching their straightforward fabrication with optimal functional properties. Herein, we report on a composite hydrogel obtained by combining a self-assembling peptide (namely, Q3 peptide) with low-temperature gelling agarose that is proved to have simple and robust application in the fabrication of microdroplet arrays, overcoming hurdles and limitations commonly associated with 3D hydrogel assays. We demonstrate the real-case scenario feasibility of our 3D system in the profiling of Covid-19 patients' serum IgG immunoreactivity, which showed remarkably improved signal-to-noise ratio over canonical assays in the 2D format and exquisite specificity. Overall, the new two-component hydrogel widens the perspectives of hydrogel-based arrays and represents a step forward towards their routine use in analytical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Bergamaschi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta"─National Research Council of Italy (SCITEC-CNR), 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Musicò
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta"─National Research Council of Italy (SCITEC-CNR), 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Frigerio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta"─National Research Council of Italy (SCITEC-CNR), 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Strada
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta"─National Research Council of Italy (SCITEC-CNR), 20131 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Pizzi
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Talone
- Physics Department, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Ghezzi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta"─National Research Council of Italy (SCITEC-CNR), 20131 Milan, Italy
- Biomolecular Engineering Lab, Dept. Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alfonso Gautieri
- Biomolecular Engineering Lab, Dept. Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Chiari
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta"─National Research Council of Italy (SCITEC-CNR), 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Renzo Vanna
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie─National Research Council of Italy (IFN-CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Cretich
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta"─National Research Council of Italy (SCITEC-CNR), 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta"─National Research Council of Italy (SCITEC-CNR), 20131 Milan, Italy
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12
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Chirizzi C, Morasso C, Caldarone AA, Tommasini M, Corsi F, Chaabane L, Vanna R, Bombelli FB, Metrangolo P. A Bioorthogonal Probe for Multiscale Imaging by 19F-MRI and Raman Microscopy: From Whole Body to Single Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12253-12260. [PMID: 34320323 PMCID: PMC8397317 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Molecular imaging
techniques are essential tools for better investigating
biological processes and detecting disease biomarkers with improvement
of both diagnosis and therapy monitoring. Often, a single imaging
technique is not sufficient to obtain comprehensive information at
different levels. Multimodal diagnostic probes are key tools to enable
imaging across multiple scales. The direct registration of in vivo imaging markers with ex vivo imaging
at the cellular level with a single probe is still challenging. Fluorinated
(19F) probes have been increasingly showing promising potentialities
for in vivo cell tracking by 19F-MRI.
Here we present the unique features of a bioorthogonal 19F-probe that enables direct signal correlation of MRI with Raman
imaging. In particular, we reveal the ability of PERFECTA, a superfluorinated
molecule, to exhibit a remarkable intense Raman signal distinct from
cell and tissue fingerprints. Therefore, PERFECTA combines in a single
molecule excellent characteristics for both macroscopic in
vivo19F-MRI, across the whole body, and microscopic
imaging at tissue and cellular levels by Raman imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Chirizzi
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Morasso
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via S. Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Tommasini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via S. Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", Università di Milano, Via G. B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Chaabane
- Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), Neuroscience Division, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Renzo Vanna
- CNR-Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN-CNR), Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
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13
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Dichiarante V, Pigliacelli C, Metrangolo P, Baldelli Bombelli F. Confined space design by nanoparticle self-assembly. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1632-1646. [PMID: 34163923 PMCID: PMC8179300 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05697a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) self-assembly has led to the fabrication of an array of functional nanoscale systems, having diverse architectures and functionalities. In this perspective, we discuss the design and application of NP suprastructures (SPs) characterized by nanoconfined compartments in their self-assembled framework, providing an overview about SP synthetic strategies reported to date and the role of their confined nanocavities in applications in several high-end fields. We also set to give our contribution towards the formation of more advanced nanocompartmentalized SPs able to work in dynamic manners, discussing the opportunities of further advances in NP self-assembly and SP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Dichiarante
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano Via Luigi Mancinelli 7 20131 Milan Italy
| | - Claudia Pigliacelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano Via Luigi Mancinelli 7 20131 Milan Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano Via Luigi Mancinelli 7 20131 Milan Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano Via Luigi Mancinelli 7 20131 Milan Italy
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14
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Neri G, Mion G, Pizzi A, Celentano W, Chaabane L, Chierotti MR, Gobetto R, Li M, Messa P, De Campo F, Cellesi F, Metrangolo P, Baldelli Bombelli F. Fluorinated PLGA Nanoparticles for Enhanced Drug Encapsulation and 19 F NMR Detection. Chemistry 2020; 26:10057-10063. [PMID: 32515857 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the continuous search for multimodal systems with combined diagnostic and therapeutic functions, several efforts have been made to develop multifunctional drug delivery systems. In this work, through a covalent approach, a new class of fluorinated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) co-polymers (F-PLGA) were designed that contain an increasing number of magnetically equivalent fluorine atoms. In particular, two novel compounds, F3 -PLGA and F9 -PLGA, were synthesized and their chemical structure and thermal stability were analyzed by solution NMR, DSC, and TGA. The obtained F-PLGA compounds were proven to form in aqueous solution colloidal stable nanoparticles (NPs) displaying a strong 19 F NMR signal. The fluorinated NPs also showed an enhanced ability to load hydrophobic drugs containing fluorine atoms compared to analogous pristine PLGA NPs. Preliminary in vitro studies showed high cell viability and the NP ability to intracellularly deliver and release a functioning drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Neri
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, V. Luigi Mancinelli, 20131, Milan, Italy.,Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuliana Mion
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, V. Luigi Mancinelli, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Pizzi
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, V. Luigi Mancinelli, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Wanda Celentano
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, V. Luigi Mancinelli, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Chaabane
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Experimental Imaging, Center (CIS), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, V. Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele R Chierotti
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, Università di Torino, V. Pietro Giuria, 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, Università di Torino, V. Pietro Giuria, 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Min Li
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca" Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, V. Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Renal Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca" Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, V. Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Floryan De Campo
- Solvay Specialty Polymers, V. Lombardia, 20, Bollate, 20021, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Cellesi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, V. Luigi Mancinelli, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, V. Luigi Mancinelli, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, V. Luigi Mancinelli, 20131, Milan, Italy
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15
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Koshkina O, White PB, Staal AHJ, Schweins R, Swider E, Tirotta I, Tinnemans P, Fokkink R, Veltien A, van Riessen NK, van Eck ERH, Heerschap A, Metrangolo P, Baldelli Bombelli F, Srinivas M. Nanoparticles for "two color" 19F magnetic resonance imaging: Towards combined imaging of biodistribution and degradation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 565:278-287. [PMID: 31978790 PMCID: PMC7058420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.12.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) as therapeutics has been steadily increasing over past decades. In vivo imaging of NPs is necessary to advance the therapeutic performance. 19F Magnetic Resonance Imaging (19F MRI) offers multiple advantages for in vivo imaging. However, design of a probe for both biodistribution and degradation has not been realized yet. We developed polymeric NPs loaded with two fluorocarbons as promising imaging tools to monitor NP biodistribution and degradation by 19F MRI. These 200 nm NPs consist of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) loaded with perfluoro-15-crown-5 ether (PFCE) and PERFECTA. PERFECTA/PFCE-PLGA NPs have a fractal sphere structure, in which both fluorocarbons are distributed in the polymeric matrix of the fractal building blocks, which differs from PFCE-PLGA NPs and is unique for fluorocarbon-loaded colloids. This structure leads to changes of magnetic resonance properties of both fluorocarbons after hydrolysis of NPs. PERFECTA/PFCE-PLGA NPs are colloidally stable in serum and biocompatible. Both fluorocarbons show a single resonance in 19F MRI that can be imaged separately using different excitation pulses. In the future, these findings may be used for biodistribution and degradation studies of NPs by 19F MRI in vivo using "two color" labeling leading to improvement of drug delivery agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Koshkina
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26/28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Paul B White
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander H J Staal
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26/28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue - Langevin, DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble
| | - Edyta Swider
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26/28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ilaria Tirotta
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Paul Tinnemans
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Remco Fokkink
- Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, 6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Andor Veltien
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - N Koen van Riessen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26/28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ernst R H van Eck
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy.
| | - Mangala Srinivas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26/28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Maiolo D, Pizzi A, Gori A, Bergamaschi G, Pigliacelli C, Gazzera L, Consonni A, Baggi F, Moda F, Baldelli Bombelli F, Metrangolo P, Resnati G. Enhanced self-assembly of the 7–12 sequence of amyloid-β peptide by tyrosine bromination. Supramol Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2020.1734203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Maiolo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico Di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Pizzi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico Di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Istituto Di Scienze E Tecnologie Chimiche, National Research Council of Italy, Milano, Italy
| | - Greta Bergamaschi
- Istituto Di Scienze E Tecnologie Chimiche, National Research Council of Italy, Milano, Italy
| | - Claudia Pigliacelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico Di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Hyber Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Lara Gazzera
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico Di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Fulvio Baggi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Moda
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico Di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico Di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Hyber Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico Di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Maiolo D, Pizzi A, Gori A, Gazzera L, Demitri N, Genoni A, Baggi F, Moda F, Terraneo G, Baldelli Bombelli F, Metrangolo P, Resnati G. Halogenation of the N-Terminus Tyrosine 10 Promotes Supramolecular Stabilization of the Amyloid-β Sequence 7-12. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:253-260. [PMID: 32110506 PMCID: PMC7041548 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we demonstrate that introduction of halogen atoms at the tyrosine 10 phenol ring of the DSGYEV sequence derived from the flexible amyloid‐β N‐terminus, promotes its self‐assembly in the solid state. In particular, we report the crystal structures of two halogen‐modified sequences, which we found to be stabilized in the solid state by halogen‐mediated interactions. The structural study is corroborated by Non‐Covalent Interaction (NCI) analysis. Our results prove that selective halogenation of an amino acid enhances the supramolecular organization of otherwise unstructured biologically‐relevant sequences. This method may develop as a general strategy for stabilizing highly polymorphic peptide regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Maiolo
- Dept. Chem., Mater., and Chem. Eng. "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Andrea Pizzi
- Dept. Chem., Mater., and Chem. Eng. "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche National Research Council of Italy Via M. Bianco 9 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Lara Gazzera
- Dept. Chem., Mater., and Chem. Eng. "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park 34149 Basovizza - Trieste Italy
| | - Alessandro Genoni
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques Université de Lorraine and CNRS UMR CNRS 7019 1 Boulevard Arago 57078 Metz France
| | - Fulvio Baggi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta" Via G. Celoria 11 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Fabio Moda
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta" Via G. Celoria 11 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Dept. Chem., Mater., and Chem. Eng. "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche National Research Council of Italy Via M. Bianco 9 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Dept. Chem., Mater., and Chem. Eng. "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Dept. Chem., Mater., and Chem. Eng. "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- Dept. Chem., Mater., and Chem. Eng. "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
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18
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Celentano W, Neri G, Distante F, Li M, Messa P, Chirizzi C, Chaabane L, De Campo F, Metrangolo P, Baldelli Bombelli F, Cellesi F. Design of fluorinated hyperbranched polyether copolymers for 19F MRI nanotheranostics. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00393j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
19F MRI contrast agents and drug nanocarriers based on fluorinated hyperbranched polyether copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Celentano
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- 20131 Milan
- Italy
| | - Giulia Neri
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- 20131 Milan
- Italy
| | - Francesco Distante
- ETH Zurich
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering
- CH-8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Min Li
- Renal Research Laboratory
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
- 20122 Milan
- Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Renal Research Laboratory
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
- 20122 Milan
- Italy
| | - Cristina Chirizzi
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Imaging (CIS)
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
- I-20132 Milan
- Italy
| | - Linda Chaabane
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Imaging (CIS)
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
- I-20132 Milan
- Italy
| | | | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- 20131 Milan
- Italy
| | | | - Francesco Cellesi
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- 20131 Milan
- Italy
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19
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Buntara Sanjeeva K, Pigliacelli C, Gazzera L, Dichiarante V, Baldelli Bombelli F, Metrangolo P. Halogen bond-assisted self-assembly of gold nanoparticles in solution and on a planar surface. Nanoscale 2019; 11:18407-18415. [PMID: 31576886 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07054k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Halogen bonding (XB) has been shown to be a powerful tool for promoting molecular self-assembly in different fields. The use of XB for noncovalent assembly of inorganic nanoparticles (NP) is, instead, quite limited, considering how extensively other interactions (i.e., electrostatic forces, hydrophobic effect, hydrogen bonding, etc.) have been exploited to modulate and program NP self-assembly. Here, we designed and synthesized XB-capable organic ligands that were efficiently used to functionalize the surface of gold NPs (AuNPs). XB-assisted AuNP self-assembly was attained in solution mixing AuNPs bearing XB-donor ligands with ditopic XB-acceptor molecules and AuNPs functionalized with XB-acceptor moieties. Likewise, a preliminary study of XB-driven adsorption of these AuNPs on surface was performed via Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring (QCM-D), used as an in situ tool for measuring mass changes upon XB-driven self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Buntara Sanjeeva
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy.
| | - Claudia Pigliacelli
- Hyber Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja 2, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland.
| | - Lara Gazzera
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy.
| | - Valentina Dichiarante
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy.
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy. and Hyber Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja 2, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland.
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20
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Terraneo G, Pizzi A, Pigliacelli C, Baldelli Bombelli F, Metrangolo P. Halogenation dictates architectures and properties of amyloid peptides. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2019. [DOI: 10.1107/s205327331908971x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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21
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Martinez Espinoza MI, Sori L, Pizzi A, Terraneo G, Moggio I, Arias E, Pozzi G, Orlandi S, Dichiarante V, Metrangolo P, Cavazzini M, Baldelli Bombelli F. BODIPY Dyes Bearing Multibranched Fluorinated Chains: Synthesis, Structural, and Spectroscopic Studies. Chemistry 2019; 25:9078-9087. [PMID: 31184410 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A small series of boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes, characterized by the presence of multibranched fluorinated residues, were designed and synthesized. The dyes differ in both the position (para-perfluoroalkoxy-substituted phenyl ring or boron functionalization) and number of magnetically equivalent fluorine atoms (27 or 54 fluorine atoms per molecule). Photophysical and crystallographic characterization of the synthesized BODIPYs was carried out to evaluate the effect of the presence of highly fluorinated moieties on the optical and morphological properties of such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Martinez Espinoza
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sori
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Pizzi
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivana Moggio
- Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, 25294, Saltillo, México
| | - Eduardo Arias
- Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, 25294, Saltillo, México
| | - Gianluca Pozzi
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM), National Research Council (CNR), 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Simonetta Orlandi
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM), National Research Council (CNR), 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Dichiarante
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Cavazzini
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM), National Research Council (CNR), 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
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22
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Lolicato F, Joly L, Martinez-Seara H, Fragneto G, Scoppola E, Baldelli Bombelli F, Vattulainen I, Akola J, Maccarini M. The Role of Temperature and Lipid Charge on Intake/Uptake of Cationic Gold Nanoparticles into Lipid Bilayers. Small 2019; 15:e1805046. [PMID: 31012268 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201805046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing nanoparticle-membrane interactions is of prime importance for drug delivery and biomedical applications. Neutron reflectometry (NR) experiments are combined with atomistic and coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the interaction between cationic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and model lipid membranes composed of a mixture of zwitterionic di-stearoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) and anionic di-stearoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (DSPG). MD simulations show that the interaction between AuNPs and a pure DSPC lipid bilayer is modulated by a free energy barrier. This can be overcome by increasing temperature, which promotes an irreversible AuNP incorporation into the lipid bilayer. NR experiments confirm the encapsulation of the AuNPs within the lipid bilayer at temperatures around 55 °C. In contrast, the AuNP adsorption is weak and impaired by heating for a DSPC-DSPG (3:1) lipid bilayer. These results demonstrate that both the lipid charge and the temperature play pivotal roles in AuNP-membrane interactions. Furthermore, NR experiments indicate that the (negative) DSPG lipids are associated with lipid extraction upon AuNP adsorption, which is confirmed by coarse-grained MD simulations as a lipid-crawling effect driving further AuNP aggregation. Overall, the obtained detailed molecular view of the interaction mechanisms sheds light on AuNP incorporation and membrane destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Lolicato
- Computational Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Loic Joly
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Hector Martinez-Seara
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Giovanna Fragneto
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Ernesto Scoppola
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Computational Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics
| | - Jaakko Akola
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marco Maccarini
- Laboratoire TIMC-IMAG, Université Grenoble Alpes, Domaine de la Merci, 38706, La Tronche Cedex, France
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23
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Koshkina O, Lajoinie G, Bombelli FB, Swider E, Cruz LJ, White PB, Schweins R, Dolen Y, van Dinther EAW, van Riessen NK, Rogers SE, Fokkink R, Voets IK, van Eck ERH, Heerschap A, Versluis M, de Korte CL, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM, Srinivas M. Multicore Liquid Perfluorocarbon-Loaded Multimodal Nanoparticles for Stable Ultrasound and 19F MRI Applied to In Vivo Cell Tracking. Adv Funct Mater 2019; 29:1806485. [PMID: 32132881 PMCID: PMC7056356 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201806485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound is the most commonly used clinical imaging modality. However, in applications requiring cell-labeling, the large size and short active lifetime of ultrasound contrast agents limit their longitudinal use. Here, 100 nm radius, clinically applicable, polymeric nanoparticles containing a liquid perfluorocarbon, which enhance ultrasound contrast during repeated ultrasound imaging over the course of at least 48 h, are described. The perfluorocarbon enables monitoring the nanoparticles with quantitative 19F magnetic resonance imaging, making these particles effective multimodal imaging agents. Unlike typical core-shell perfluorocarbon-based ultrasound contrast agents, these nanoparticles have an atypical fractal internal structure. The nonvaporizing highly hydrophobic perfluorocarbon forms multiple cores within the polymeric matrix and is, surprisingly, hydrated with water, as determined from small-angle neutron scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Finally, the nanoparticles are used to image therapeutic dendritic cells with ultrasound in vivo, as well as with 19F MRI and fluorescence imaging, demonstrating their potential for long-term in vivo multimodal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Koshkina
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Guillaume Lajoinie
- Physics of Fluids Group, Technical Medical (TechMed) Centre and MESA+ Institute for, Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta,", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Edyta Swider
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Luis J Cruz
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul B White
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue - Langevin, DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20 156, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Yusuf Dolen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eric A W van Dinther
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - N Koen van Riessen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Rogers
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Remco Fokkink
- Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, 6708 WE, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ilja K Voets
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, De Rondom 70, 5612 AP, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst R H van Eck
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Versluis
- Physics of Fluids Group, Technical Medical (TechMed) Centre and MESA+ Institute for, Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Chris L de Korte
- Physics of Fluids Group, Technical Medical (TechMed) Centre and MESA+ Institute for, Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mangala Srinivas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Berardi
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , Applied Science Private University , Amman , Jordan
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- b Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry , Materials and Chemical Engineering , Milano , Italy
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25
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Chirizzi C, De Battista D, Tirotta I, Metrangolo P, Comi G, Bombelli FB, Chaabane L. Multispectral MRI with Dual Fluorinated Probes to Track Mononuclear Cell Activity in Mice. Radiology 2019; 291:351-357. [PMID: 30888930 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2019181073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background MRI with fluorine 19 (19F) probes has shown an ability to track immune cell activity with a specific, stable, and quantitative signal. In addition, the chemical shift differences of selected 19F probes make dual-probe imaging possible. To improve 19F MRI sensitivity for dual-probe imaging, optimal fluorine probes are needed. Purpose To develop multispectral 19F MRI to image immune cell activity in vivo using 19F nanoparticles of two distinct fluorocarbons. Materials and Methods Both 19F nanoparticles formulated with two fluorocarbons with distinct resonance frequencies and a high fluorine payload were characterized in terms of size, stability, MR profile, and relaxation times at 7 T. 19F MRI sensitivity was tested on labeling cells both in vitro and in vivo in C57BL/6 mice after conditional ablation of myeloid cells through the inhibition of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1Ri) to monitor the change of immune cells phagocytosis. Fluorine MRI data were acquired at the resonance frequency of each fluorocarbon by using a three-dimensional fast spin-echo sequence. Fluorescent dyes were also inserted into 19F nanoparticles to allow flow-cytometric and confocal microscopy analysis of labeled cells. Fluorine signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was compared by using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc correction. Results Fluorine MRI demonstrated high sensitivity and high specificity in the imaging of mononuclear cells both in vitro and in vivo. In combination with proton MRI, a map of 19F nuclei from each fluorocarbon was obtained without overlaps or artifacts. In vitro cell viability was unchanged, and 8000 cells with a high SNR (>8) were detected. In vivo high fluorine signal was observed in the bone marrow (SNR > 15) immediately after CSF1Ri treatment interruption, which correlated with high uptake by neutrophils and monocytes at flow cytometry. Conclusion By assessing in vivo MRI of mononuclear cell phagocytic ability with 19F nanoparticles, MRI with dual 19F probes can effectively track immune cell activity in combination with current MRI protocols. © RSNA, 2019 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Bulte in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Chirizzi
- From the Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), INSPE-DiBiT2, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy (C.C., D.D.B., G.C., L.C.); and SupraBioNano Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (I.T., P.M., F.B.B.)
| | - Davide De Battista
- From the Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), INSPE-DiBiT2, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy (C.C., D.D.B., G.C., L.C.); and SupraBioNano Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (I.T., P.M., F.B.B.)
| | - Ilaria Tirotta
- From the Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), INSPE-DiBiT2, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy (C.C., D.D.B., G.C., L.C.); and SupraBioNano Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (I.T., P.M., F.B.B.)
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- From the Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), INSPE-DiBiT2, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy (C.C., D.D.B., G.C., L.C.); and SupraBioNano Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (I.T., P.M., F.B.B.)
| | - Giancarlo Comi
- From the Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), INSPE-DiBiT2, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy (C.C., D.D.B., G.C., L.C.); and SupraBioNano Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (I.T., P.M., F.B.B.)
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- From the Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), INSPE-DiBiT2, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy (C.C., D.D.B., G.C., L.C.); and SupraBioNano Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (I.T., P.M., F.B.B.)
| | - Linda Chaabane
- From the Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Experimental Imaging Center (CIS), INSPE-DiBiT2, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy (C.C., D.D.B., G.C., L.C.); and SupraBioNano Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (I.T., P.M., F.B.B.)
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Pigliacelli C, Sanjeeva KB, Nonappa, Pizzi A, Gori A, Bombelli FB, Metrangolo P. In Situ Generation of Chiroptically-Active Gold-Peptide Superstructures Promoted by Iodination. ACS Nano 2019; 13:2158-2166. [PMID: 30649859 PMCID: PMC6396319 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-mediated routes to the synthesis of plasmonic nanoparticles have been drawing increasing attention for the development of chiroptically active nanoscale architectures. However, designing a multifunctional peptide able to drive the formation of structurally defined nanomaterials endowed with specific functionalities is still challenging. In this work, iodination has been devised as a strategy to strengthen Au-reduction capability of the amyloidogenic peptide DFNKF and combine it with its distinctive self-assembly features. Thanks to the Au-mediated C-I activation on the phenylalanine iodobenzenes, the peptides yield efficient Au-reduction ability promoting the synthesis of Au nanoparticles, and simultaneously working as templates for their spontaneous self-assembly into spherical superstructures endowed with chiroptical activities. The reaction occurs in situ through a one-pot process in aqueous media. The generality of this approach has been demonstrated using an iodinated derivative of the peptide KLVFF, which also showed reducing and templating abilities forming chiroptically active helical superstructures decorated with Au nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pigliacelli
- Hyber
Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja
2, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kavitha Buntara Sanjeeva
- Laboratory
of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Nonappa
- Hyber
Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja
2, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Andrea Pizzi
- Laboratory
of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Istituto
di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, via M. Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory
of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Hyber
Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja
2, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
- Laboratory
of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
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27
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Berardi A, Baldelli Bombelli F, Thuenemann EC, Lomonossoff GP. Viral nanoparticles can elude protein barriers: exploiting rather than imitating nature. Nanoscale 2019; 11:2306-2316. [PMID: 30662985 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09067j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Protein-corona formation in body fluids and/or entrapment of nanoparticles in protein matrices (e.g. food and mucus) can hinder the delivery of nanoparticles, irrespective of the route of administration. Here we demonstrate that certain viral nanoparticles (VNPs) can evade the adhesion of a broad panel of macromolecules from several biological milieus. We also show that the permeability of VNPs through mucin gels is far superior to that of synthetic nanoparticles. The non-sticky nature of VNPs implies that they will be able to readily cross most non-specific protein and glycoprotein barriers encountered, ubiquitously, upon administration through mucosal, and non-mucosal routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Berardi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan.
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28
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Tirotta I, Calloni A, Pigliacelli C, Brambilla A, Bussetti G, Duò L, Metrangolo P, Baldelli Bombelli F. Chemical characterization of fluorinated/hydrogenated mixed monolayers grafted on gold nanoparticles. J Fluor Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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29
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Berardi A, Evans DJ, Baldelli Bombelli F, Lomonossoff GP. Stability of plant virus-based nanocarriers in gastrointestinal fluids. Nanoscale 2018; 10:1667-1679. [PMID: 29231944 PMCID: PMC5804478 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07182e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) is a plant virus which is being extensively investigated as a drug delivery and vaccine nanocarrier for parenteral administration. However, to date little is known about the suitability of plant-based nanocarriers for oral delivery. In this study, the colloidal (i.e. aggregation), physical (i.e. denaturation) and chemical (i.e. digestion of the polypeptides) stability of CPMV and its empty virus-like particles (eVLPs) in conditions resembling the gastrointestinal fluids were evaluated. The nanoparticles were incubated in various simulated gastric and intestinal fluids and in pig gastric and intestinal fluids. CPMV and eVLPs had similar stabilities. In simulated gastric media, they were stable at pH ≥ 2.5. At lower pH destabilisation of the particle structure occurred, which, in turn, rendered the polypeptides extremely sensitive to pepsin digestion. However, both CPMV and eVLPs were stable in simulated intestinal fluids, in pig gastric fluids and in pig intestinal fluids. Thus CPMV, despite being a protein-based nanoparticle, was much more resistant to the harsh GI conditions than soluble proteins. Remarkably, both CPMV and eVLPs incubated in pig gastric and intestinal fluids were not subject to protein adsorption, with no formation of a detectable protein corona. The lack of a protein corona on CPMV and eVLP surfaces in GI fluids would imply that, if orally administered, these nanoparticles could maintain their native surface characteristics; thus, their biological interactions would remain predictable and unchanged. In summary, CPMV and eVLPs can be considered promising nanocarriers for applications requiring oral delivery, given their chemical, physical and colloidal stability and lack of protein adsorption from the environment in most of the tested conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Berardi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan. and Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - David J Evans
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - George P Lomonossoff
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
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30
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Pigliacelli C, Maiolo D, Nonappa, Haataja JS, Amenitsch H, Michelet C, Sánchez Moreno P, Tirotta I, Metrangolo P, Baldelli Bombelli F. Efficient Encapsulation of Fluorinated Drugs in the Confined Space of Water-Dispersible Fluorous Supraparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16186-16190. [PMID: 29105938 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorophobic-driven assemblies of gold nanomaterials were stabilized into water-dispersible fluorous supraparticles by the film-forming protein hydrophobin II. The strategy makes use of fluorous nanomaterials of different dimensions to engineer size and inner functionalization of the resulting confined space. The inner fluorous compartments allow efficient encapsulation and transport of high loadings of partially fluorinated drug molecules in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pigliacelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy.,Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 11000, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Daniele Maiolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Nonappa
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 11000, 00076, Aalto, Finland.,Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 16100, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Johannes S Haataja
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 11000, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14-km 163,5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italia
| | - Claire Michelet
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Sánchez Moreno
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Tirotta
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy.,Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 11000, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
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Maiolo D, Pigliacelli C, Sánchez Moreno P, Violatto MB, Talamini L, Tirotta I, Piccirillo R, Zucchetti M, Morosi L, Frapolli R, Candiani G, Bigini P, Metrangolo P, Baldelli Bombelli F. Bioreducible Hydrophobin-Stabilized Supraparticles for Selective Intracellular Release. ACS Nano 2017; 11:9413-9423. [PMID: 28806871 PMCID: PMC5618140 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
One of the main hurdles in nanomedicine is the low stability of drug-nanocarrier complexes as well as the drug delivery efficiency in the region-of-interest. Here, we describe the use of the film-forming protein hydrophobin HFBII to organize dodecanethiol-protected gold nanoparticles (NPs) into well-defined supraparticles (SPs). The obtained SPs are exceptionally stable in vivo and efficiently encapsulate hydrophobic drug molecules. The HFBII film prevents massive release of the encapsulated drug, which, instead, is activated by selective SP disassembly triggered intracellularly by glutathione reduction of the protein film. As a consequence, the therapeutic efficiency of an encapsulated anticancer drug is highly enhanced (2 orders of magnitude decrease in IC50). Biodistribution and pharmacokinetics studies demonstrate the high stability of the loaded SPs in the bloodstream and the selective release of the payloads once taken up in the tissues. Overall, our results provide a rationale for the development of bioreducible and multifunctional nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Maiolo
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Nanomedicine (NanoMedLab), Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), and Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina (CEN), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano , via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Pigliacelli
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Nanomedicine (NanoMedLab), Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), and Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina (CEN), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano , via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Sánchez Moreno
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Nanomedicine (NanoMedLab), Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), and Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina (CEN), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano , via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Laura Talamini
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" , 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Tirotta
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Nanomedicine (NanoMedLab), Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), and Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina (CEN), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano , via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Rosanna Piccirillo
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" , 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" , 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Lavinia Morosi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" , 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" , 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Gabriele Candiani
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Nanomedicine (NanoMedLab), Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), and Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina (CEN), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano , via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Bigini
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" , 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Nanomedicine (NanoMedLab), Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), and Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina (CEN), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano , via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
- VTT-Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd , Biologinkuja 7, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Nanomedicine (NanoMedLab), Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), and Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina (CEN), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano , via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
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Al-Yousuf K, Webster CA, Wheeler GN, Bombelli FB, Sherwood V. Combining Cytotoxicity Assessment and Xenopus laevis Phenotypic Abnormality Assay as a Predictor of Nanomaterial Safety. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 73:20.13.1-20.13.33. [PMID: 28777439 DOI: 10.1002/cptx.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, has been used as an efficient pre-clinical screening tool to predict drug safety during the early stages of the drug discovery process. X. laevis is a relatively inexpensive model that can be used in whole organism high-throughput assays whilst maintaining a high degree of homology to the higher vertebrate models often used in scientific research. Despite an ever-increasing volume of biomedical nanoparticles (NPs) in development, their unique physico-chemical properties challenge the use of standard toxicology assays. Here, we present a protocol that directly compares the sensitivity of X. laevis development as a tool to assess potential NP toxicity by observation of embryo phenotypic abnormalities/lethality after NP exposure, to in vitro cytotoxicity obtained using mammalian cell lines. In combination with conventional cytotoxicity assays, the X. laevis phenotypic assay provides accurate data to efficiently assess the safety of novel biomedical NPs. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karamallah Al-Yousuf
- Skin Tumour Laboratory, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Carl A Webster
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Grant N Wheeler
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | | | - Victoria Sherwood
- Skin Tumour Laboratory, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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Pizzi A, Pigliacelli C, Gori A, Ikkala O, Demitri N, Terraneo G, Castelletto V, Hamley IW, Baldelli Bombelli F, Metrangolo P. Halogenation dictates the architecture of amyloid peptide nanostructures. Nanoscale 2017; 9:9805-9810. [PMID: 28696473 PMCID: PMC5708343 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03263c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid peptides yield a plethora of interesting nanostructures though difficult to control. Here we report that depending on the number, position, and nature of the halogen atoms introduced into either one or both phenylalanine benzene rings of the amyloid β peptide-derived core-sequence KLVFF, four different architectures were obtained in a controlled manner. Our findings demonstrate that halogenation may develop as a general strategy to engineer amyloidal peptide self-assembly and obtain new amyloidal nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pizzi
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, Milano I-20131, Italy.
| | | | - Alessandro Gori
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare - National Research Council of Italy (ICRM-CNR), Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Olli Ikkala
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-02150, Finland
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza - Trieste, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, Milano I-20131, Italy.
| | - Valeria Castelletto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Ian W Hamley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, Milano I-20131, Italy.
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and BioNano Materials (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, Milano I-20131, Italy. and Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-02150, Finland and Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare - National Research Council of Italy (ICRM-CNR), Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy
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Sanjeeva KB, Tirotta I, Kumar V, Bombelli FB, Terraneo G, Metrangolo P. Crystallographic insights into the structural aspects of thioctic acid based halogen-bond donor for the functionalization of gold nanoparticles. Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater 2017; 73:240-246. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520617003092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and self-assembly capabilities of a new halogen-bond donor ligand, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-iodophenyl 5-(1,2-dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoate (1), are reported. The crystal structure of ligand (1) and the formation of a cocrystal with 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene, (1)·(2), both show halogen bonds involving the 4-iodotetrafluorobenzene moiety. Ligand (1), being a self-complementary unit, forms an infinite halogen-bonded chain driven by the S...I synthon, while the cocrystal (1)·(2) self-assembles into a discrete trimeric entity driven by the N...I synthon. Ligand (1) was also successfully used to functionalize the surface of gold nanoparticles, AuNP-(1). Experiments on the dispersibility profile of AuNP-(1) demonstrated the potential of halogen bonding in facilitating the dispersion of modified NPs with halogen-bond donors in pyridine.
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Bigdeli A, Palchetti S, Pozzi D, Hormozi-Nezhad MR, Baldelli Bombelli F, Caracciolo G, Mahmoudi M. Exploring Cellular Interactions of Liposomes Using Protein Corona Fingerprints and Physicochemical Properties. ACS Nano 2016; 10:3723-37. [PMID: 26882007 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To control liposomes fate and transport upon contact with biofluids, it is essential to consider several parameters affecting the synthetic and biological identity of liposomes, as well as liposome-protein corona (PC) aspects. As a powerful tool in this data mining adventure, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) approach is used to correlate physicochemical properties of liposomes and their PC fingerprints to multiple quantified biological responses. In the present study, the relationship between cellular interactions of a set of structurally diverse liposomal formulations and their physicochemical and PC properties has been investigated via linear and nonlinear QSAR models. Significant parameters affecting cellular uptake and cell viability of liposomes in two important cancer cell lines (PC3 and HeLa) have been identified. The developed QSARs have the capacity to be implemented in advanced targeted delivery of liposomal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafeh Bigdeli
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology , Tehran 1113658639, Iran
| | - Sara Palchetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Daniela Pozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome 00185, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering Giulio Natta, Politecnico di Milano , Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran 1316943551, Iran
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Webster CA, Di Silvio D, Devarajan A, Bigini P, Micotti E, Giudice C, Salmona M, Wheeler GN, Sherwood V, Bombelli FB. An early developmental vertebrate model for nanomaterial safety: bridging cell-based and mammalian toxicity assessment. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:643-56. [PMID: 27003295 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM With the rise in production of nanoparticles (NPs) for an ever-increasing number of applications, there is an urgent need to efficiently assess their potential toxicity. We propose a NP hazard assessment protocol that combines mammalian cytotoxicity data with embryonic vertebrate abnormality scoring to determine an overall toxicity index. RESULTS We observed that, after exposure to a range of NPs, Xenopus phenotypic scoring showed a strong correlation with cell based in vitro assays. Magnetite-cored NPs, negative for toxicity in vitro and Xenopus, were further confirmed as nontoxic in mice. CONCLUSION The results highlight the potential of Xenopus embryo analysis as a fast screening approach for toxicity assessment of NPs, which could be introduced for the routine testing of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl A Webster
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | | | - Paolo Bigini
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Micotti
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mario Salmona
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Milan, Italy
| | - Grant N Wheeler
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Victoria Sherwood
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- Skin Tumour Laboratory, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", NFMLab, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Nappini S, Fogli S, Castroflorio B, Bonini M, Baldelli Bombelli F, Baglioni P. Magnetic field responsive drug release from magnetoliposomes in biological fluids. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:716-725. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02191j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The magnetically triggered drug release properties of magnetoliposomes are strongly affected by the presence of serum proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Nappini
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and CSGI
- Florence
- Italy
| | - Silvia Fogli
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and CSGI
- Florence
- Italy
| | | | - Massimo Bonini
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and CSGI
- Florence
- Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Centro Europeo di Nanomedicina (CEN)
- c/o Department of Chemistry
- Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”
- Milano
- Italy
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and CSGI
- Florence
- Italy
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Maiolo D, Del Pino P, Metrangolo P, Parak WJ, Baldelli Bombelli F. Nanomedicine delivery: does protein corona route to the target or off road? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:3231-47. [PMID: 26470748 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine aims to find novel solutions for urgent biomedical needs. Despite this, one of the most challenging hurdles that nanomedicine faces is to successfully target therapeutic nanoparticles to cells of interest in vivo. As for any biomaterials, once in vivo, nanoparticles can interact with plasma biomolecules, forming new entities for which the name protein coronas (PCs) have been coined. The PC can influence the in vivo biological fate of a nanoparticle. Thus for guaranteeing the desired function of an engineered nanomaterial in vivo, it is crucial to dissect its PC in terms of formation and evolution within the body. In this contribution we will review the 'good' and 'bad' sides of the PC, starting from the scientific aspects to the technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Maiolo
- Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina c/o Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, & Chemical Engineering 'Giulio Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pablo Del Pino
- CIC Biomagune, San Sebastian, Spain.,Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina c/o Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, & Chemical Engineering 'Giulio Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.,VTT-Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- CIC Biomagune, San Sebastian, Spain.,Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina c/o Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, & Chemical Engineering 'Giulio Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Pigliacelli C, D’Elicio A, Milani R, Terraneo G, Resnati G, Baldelli Bombelli F, Metrangolo P. Hydrophobin-stabilized dispersions of PVDF nanoparticles in water. J Fluor Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Di Silvio D, Rigby N, Bajka B, Mayes A, Mackie A, Baldelli Bombelli F. Technical tip: high-resolution isolation of nanoparticle-protein corona complexes from physiological fluids. Nanoscale 2015; 7:11980-11990. [PMID: 26108682 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02618k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) in contact with biological fluids are generally coated with environmental proteins, forming a stronger layer of proteins around the NP surface called the hard corona. Protein corona complexes provide the biological identity of the NPs and their isolation and characterization are essential to understand their in vitro and in vivo behaviour. Here we present a one-step methodology to recover NPs from complex biological media in a stable non-aggregated form without affecting the structure or composition of the corona. This method allows NPs to be separated from complex fluids containing biological particulates and in a form suitable for use in further experiments. The study has been performed systematically comparing the new proposed methodology to standard approaches for a wide panel of NPs. NPs were first incubated in the biological fluid and successively recovered by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation in order to separate the NPs and their protein corona from the loosely bound proteins. The isolated NP-protein complexes were characterized by size and protein composition through Dynamic Light Scattering, Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, SDS-PAGE and LC-MS. The protocol described is versatile and can be applied to diverse nanomaterials and complex fluids. It is shown to have higher resolution in separating the multiple protein corona complexes from a biological environment with a much lower impact on their in situ structure compared to conventional centrifugal approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirè Di Silvio
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ, Norwich, UK
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41
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Tirotta I, Dichiarante V, Pigliacelli C, Cavallo G, Terraneo G, Bombelli FB, Metrangolo P, Resnati G. (19)F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): from design of materials to clinical applications. Chem Rev 2014; 115:1106-29. [PMID: 25329814 DOI: 10.1021/cr500286d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Tirotta
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" and ‡Fondazione Centro Europeo Nanomedicina, Politecnico di Milano , Milan 20131, Italy
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Tirotta I, Mastropietro A, Cordiglieri C, Gazzera L, Baggi F, Baselli G, Bruzzone MG, Zucca I, Cavallo G, Terraneo G, Baldelli Bombelli F, Metrangolo P, Resnati G. A Superfluorinated Molecular Probe for Highly Sensitive in Vivo19F-MRI. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:8524-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja503270n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is a highly aggressive malignancy that has traditionally been very difficult to treat. However, after decades of basic research into the signal transduction pathways that promote cancer cell survival, chemoresistance, growth, and crosstalk with the immune system, targeted therapies have now been developed that offer improved survival for patients with metastatic melanoma. Some of the most promising therapies that have been developed include ipilimumab, an anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 antibody that enhances T-cell activity in the tumour, and selective BRAF inhibitors, such as vemurafenib that blocks tumour cell proliferation in patients with activating BRAF mutations. Although these treatments offer substantial hope for patients, they are not without their drawbacks, which include adverse side-effects, drug resistance, and eventual relapse. Nanotherapeutics holds significant promise to circumvent these shortcomings and has the additional advantage of potentially functioning as a diagnostic device. We will discuss the scope of the use of such multimodal nanoparticles for melanoma treatment and ask whether such particles can offer patients with metastatic melanoma improved prognoses for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK; CEN-European Centre For Nanomedicine, C/O Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Carl A Webster
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Marc Moncrieff
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Victoria Sherwood
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK.
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Sandin P, Bombelli FB, Castroflorio B, Müller C, Obermeier J, Karlsson G, Edwards K, Baglioni P, Berti D. Diastereoselective self-assembly of clofarabine lipids. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj00856a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Clofarabine lipids form superstructures via diastereoselective self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sandin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florence and CSGI
- 50019 Florence, Italy
- Department of Chemistry - BMC
- Uppsala University
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florence and CSGI
- 50019 Florence, Italy
- Centro Europeo di Nanomedicina c/o Dipartimento di Chimica
- Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica G. Natta
| | | | | | | | - Göran Karlsson
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry
- Uppsala University
- S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katarina Edwards
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry
- Uppsala University
- S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florence and CSGI
- 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Debora Berti
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florence and CSGI
- 50019 Florence, Italy
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45
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Salvati A, Pitek AS, Monopoli MP, Prapainop K, Bombelli FB, Hristov DR, Kelly PM, Åberg C, Mahon E, Dawson KA. Transferrin-functionalized nanoparticles lose their targeting capabilities when a biomolecule corona adsorbs on the surface. Nat Nanotechnol 2013; 8:137-43. [PMID: 23334168 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2012.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1287] [Impact Index Per Article: 117.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have been proposed as carriers for drugs, genes and therapies to treat various diseases. Many strategies have been developed to target nanomaterials to specific or over-expressed receptors in diseased cells, and these typically involve functionalizing the surface of nanoparticles with proteins, antibodies or other biomolecules. Here, we show that the targeting ability of such functionalized nanoparticles may disappear when they are placed in a biological environment. Using transferrin-conjugated nanoparticles, we found that proteins in the media can shield transferrin from binding to both its targeted receptors on cells and soluble transferrin receptors. Although nanoparticles continue to enter cells, the targeting specificity of transferrin is lost. Our results suggest that when nanoparticles are placed in a complex biological environment, interaction with other proteins in the medium and the formation of a protein corona can 'screen' the targeting molecules on the surface of nanoparticles and cause loss of specificity in targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Salvati
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, UCD Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Jedlovszky-Hajdú A, Bombelli FB, Monopoli MP, Tombácz E, Dawson KA. Surface coatings shape the protein corona of SPIONs with relevance to their application in vivo. Langmuir 2012; 28:14983-14991. [PMID: 23002920 DOI: 10.1021/la302446h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have proved their use in many biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, hyperthermia, and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) contrast agents. Due to their instability in fluids, several surface coatings have been used to both stabilize and tune the properties of these nanoparticles (NPs) according to their applications. These coatings will strongly modify their surface properties and influence their interaction with the environment proteins in a relevant biological medium with a clear impact on their function. It is well-accepted that a protein corona is immediately formed when nanoparticles come in contact with a biological milieu, and the emergent bionano interface represents the biological identity of the particles. Here, we investigate how a different coating on the same magnetic core can influence the protein corona composition and structure with clear relevance to application of these NPs in medicine. In particular, we have studied the structure and composition of the protein corona-SPION complexes of magnetite nanoparticles stabilized with citric acid, poly(acrylic acid), or double layer oleic acid by a range of approaches, including dynamic light scattering, nanoparticle tracking analysis, differential centrifugal sedimentation, infrared spectroscopy, 1-D SDS gel electrophoresis, and mass spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angéla Jedlovszky-Hajdú
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Pitek AS, O’Connell D, Mahon E, Monopoli MP, Baldelli Bombelli F, Dawson KA. Transferrin coated nanoparticles: study of the bionano interface in human plasma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40685. [PMID: 22829881 PMCID: PMC3400652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now well established that the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) in a biological environment is immediately modified by the adsorption of biomolecules with the formation of a protein corona and it is also accepted that the protein corona, rather than the original nanoparticle surface, defines a new biological identity. Consequently, a methodology to effectively study the interaction between nanomaterials and the biological corona encountered within an organism is a key objective in nanoscience for understanding the impact of the nanoparticle-protein interactions on the biological response in vitro and in vivo. Here, we outline an integrated methodology to address the different aspects governing the formation and the function of the protein corona of polystyrene nanoparticles coated with Transferrin by different strategies. Protein-NP complexes are studied both in situ (in human plasma, full corona FC) and after washing (hard corona, HC) in terms of structural properties, composition and second-order interactions with protein microarrays. Human protein microarrays are used to effectively study NP-corona/proteins interactions addressing the growing demand to advance investigations of the extrinsic function of corona complexes. Our data highlight the importance of this methodology as an analysis to be used in advance of the application of engineered NPs in biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej S. Pitek
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David O’Connell
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eugene Mahon
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marco P. Monopoli
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth A. Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Mahon E, Salvati A, Baldelli Bombelli F, Lynch I, Dawson KA. Designing the nanoparticle-biomolecule interface for "targeting and therapeutic delivery". J Control Release 2012; 161:164-74. [PMID: 22516097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The endogenous transport mechanisms which occur in living organisms have evolved to allow selective transport and processing operate on a scale of tens of nanometers. This presents the possibility of unprecedented access for engineered nanoscale materials to organs and sub-cellular locations, materials which may in principle be targeted to precise locations for diagnostic or therapeutic gain. For this reason, nano-architectures could represent a truly radical departure as delivery agents for drugs, genes and therapies to treat a host of diseases. Thus, for active targeting, unlike the case of small molecular drugs where molecular structure has evolved to promote higher physiochemical affinity to specific sites, one aims to exploit these energy dependant endogenous processes. Many active targeting strategies have been developed, but despite this truly remarkable potential, in applications they have met with mixed success to date. This situation may have more to do with our current understanding and integration of knowledge across disciplines, than any intrinsic limitation on the vision itself. In this review article we suggest that much more fundamental and detailed control of the nanoparticle-biomolecule interface is required for sustained and general success in this field. In the simplest manifestation, pristine nanoparticles in biological fluids act as a scaffold for biomolecules, which adsorb rapidly to the nanoparticles' surface, conferring a new biological identity to the nanoparticles. It is this nanoparticle-biomolecule interface that is 'read' and acted upon by the cellular machinery. Moreover, where targeting moieties are grafted onto nanoparticles, they may not retain their function as a result of poor orientation, and structural or conformational disruption. Further surface adsorption of biomolecules from the surrounding environment i.e. the formation of a biomolecule corona may also obscure specific surface recognition. To transfer the remarkable possibilities of nanoscale interactions in biology into therapeutics one may need a more focused and dedicated approach to the understanding of the in situ (in vivo) interface between engineered nanomaedicines and their targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Mahon
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry & Chemical Biology and Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Milani S, Bombelli FB, Pitek AS, Dawson KA, Rädler J. Reversible versus irreversible binding of transferrin to polystyrene nanoparticles: soft and hard corona. ACS Nano 2012; 6:2532-41. [PMID: 22356488 DOI: 10.1021/nn204951s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Protein adsorption to nanoparticles (NPs) is a key prerequisite to understand NP-cell interactions. While the layer thickness of the protein corona has been well characterized in many cases, the absolute number of bound proteins and their exchange dynamics in body fluids is difficult to assess. Here we measure the number of molecules adsorbed to sulfonate (PSOSO(3)H) and carboxyl-(PSCOOH) polystyrene NPs using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. We find that the fraction of molecules bound to NPs falls onto a single, universal adsorption curve, if plotted as a function of molar protein-to-NP ratio. The adsorption curve shows the build-up of a strongly bound monolayer up to the point of monolayer saturation (at a geometrically defined protein-to-NP ratio), beyond which a secondary, weakly bound layer is formed. While the first layer is irreversibly bound (hard corona), the secondary layer (soft corona) exhibits dynamic exchange, if competing unlabeled is added. In the presence of plasma proteins, the hard corona is stable, while the soft corona is almost completely removed. The existence of two distinct time scales in the protein off-kinetics, for both NP types studied here, indicates the possibility of an exposure memory effect in the NP corona.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Milani
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany
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Mahmoudi M, Lynch I, Ejtehadi MR, Monopoli MP, Bombelli FB, Laurent S. Protein-nanoparticle interactions: opportunities and challenges. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5610-37. [PMID: 21688848 DOI: 10.1021/cr100440g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 953] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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