1
|
Youssef A, Paul I, Crovella M, Emili A. DESP demixes cell-state profiles from dynamic bulk molecular measurements. Cell Rep Methods 2024; 4:100729. [PMID: 38490205 PMCID: PMC10985230 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2024.100729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamic expression of proteins and other key molecules driving phenotypic remodeling in development and pathobiology has garnered widespread interest, yet the exploration of these systems at the foundational resolution of the underlying cell states has been significantly limited by technical constraints. Here, we present DESP, an algorithm designed to leverage independent estimates of cell-state proportions, such as from single-cell RNA sequencing, to resolve the relative contributions of cell states to bulk molecular measurements, most notably quantitative proteomics, recorded in parallel. We applied DESP to an in vitro model of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and demonstrated its ability to accurately reconstruct cell-state signatures from bulk-level measurements of both the proteome and transcriptome, providing insights into transient regulatory mechanisms. DESP provides a generalizable computational framework for modeling the relationship between bulk and single-cell molecular measurements, enabling the study of proteomes and other molecular profiles at the cell-state level using established bulk-level workflows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Youssef
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Indranil Paul
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Crovella
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Faculty of Computing and Data Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Andrew Emili
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Faculty of Computing and Data Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Paul I, Mohiyuddin SMA, A S, Mohammadi K, Babu P. The Outcome of Treatment in Second Branchial Cleft Anomalies: A Case Series. Cureus 2023; 15:e40164. [PMID: 37431352 PMCID: PMC10329747 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Branchial-cleft anomalies are second only to thyroglossal duct anomalies among congenital malformations of the neck, and second branchial-cleft anomalies are the most common. These include branchial cysts, branchial sinuses, and branchial fistulas. Clinical symptoms include neck swelling and a discharging sinus or fistula opening. In a small number of cases, they can lead to major complications like abscesses or malignant changes. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice. Various approaches to resection and sclerotherapy have been tried. In this study, we present our treatment outcome with branchial cleft anomalies at a rural tertiary medical care hospital. Objectives To document the various presentations, clinical features, and outcomes of treatment with second branchial cleft anomalies. Methods This retrospective observational study included 16 patients operated on for second branchial-cleft anomalies. A detailed medical history was elicited, and an accurate clinical examination was done. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan was done in all cases. A few cases required a fistulogram. The cysts, sinuses, or fistulas were resected en bloc by a single neck crease incision. Primary closure was done in all cases. A recurrence or pharyngocutaneous fistula required axial flap reconstruction. The complications and recurrences were documented. Result There were six children and 10 adults in our study. Seven cysts, five sinuses, and four fistulas were present, of which four were iatrogenic. In seven patients, imaging could not show the entire tract. There were four fistulas from the oropharynx to a cutaneous opening in the neck. A complete resection was done for all. Two pharyngocutaneous fistulas were treated with a pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap. Three patients had wound dehiscence postoperatively. None of the patients had neurological or vascular injuries. Conclusion Second branchial cleft anomalies can be completely excised by a single neck crease incision. Meticulous surgery results in a low recurrence or complication rate. Following complete excision, in type IV anomalies, a purse-string suture at the pharyngeal opening ensures good closure and no recurrences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Paul
- Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, IND
| | - S M Azeem Mohiyuddin
- Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, IND
| | - Sagayaraj A
- Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, IND
| | - Kouser Mohammadi
- Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, IND
| | - Prashanth Babu
- Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, IND
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zuali L, Mohiyuddin SMA, A S, Mohammadi K, Paul I. Comparison Between Clinical Outcome of Intralesional Human Placental Extract Alone and Topical Application of Placental Extract Gel After Fibrotomy in Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Cureus 2023; 15:e40105. [PMID: 37425508 PMCID: PMC10329097 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a premalignant condition prevalent in our country. Juxtaepithelial inflammation with progressive hyalinization of the lamina propria results in stiffness and fibrosis of the oral mucosa, characterised by trismus, ankyloglossia, and a burning sensation. Various methods of treatment have been tried in these cases, which include placental extract injections and the cutting of fibrous bands. In this study, we aim to compare the outcome of intra-lesional placental extract injection with fibrotomy and placental extract gel application in OSMF. METHODOLOGY This prospective interventional study included 58 patients clinically diagnosed with OSMF grades II and III at a rural tertiary care hospital between January 2021 and August 2022. The patients were randomised into two groups: group I received 1 ml of intra-lesional human placental extract injection in the submucosal plane of the buccal mucosa and retro-molar trigone (RMT) once a week for five consecutive weeks, and group II was subjected to a transverse division of fibrotic bands in the submucosal plane under general anaesthesia. The surgical wound was left open, and swabs soaked in human-purified placental extract gel were placed in the wound for two hours twice daily until the surgical wound was epithelialized and healed. The patients in both groups I and II were advised to do jaw opening exercises, and weekly follow-up was done. Findings with regard to maximum mouth opening, colour of mucosa, and burning sensation in the oral cavity based on a Likert scale were documented. At the end of five months, the pre-treatment and post-treatment results documented were compared. RESULTS All patients were between 20 and 60 years of age and were addicted to chewing areca nuts with tobacco. Bilateral involvement was present in all patients, with extension into the RMT and soft palate seen in 31%. Improvement in mouth opening was between 4 mm and 6 mm in group II, and relief of burning sensation and mucosal colour was better in group I. CONCLUSION Intra-lesional placental extract injections help in the improvement of the mucosa and relief from the burning sensation. Fibrotomy with placental extract gel application is better at relieving trismus in OSMF. Aggressive mouth-opening exercises may improve mouth opening following the above procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lalrin Zuali
- Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, IND
| | - S M Azeem Mohiyuddin
- Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, IND
| | - Sagayaraj A
- Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, IND
| | - Kouser Mohammadi
- Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, IND
| | - Indranil Paul
- Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, IND
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ghosh S, Paul I, Sengupta K. Prethermal Fragmentation in a Periodically Driven Fermionic Chain. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:120401. [PMID: 37027845 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.120401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We study a fermionic chain with nearest-neighbor hopping and density-density interactions, where the nearest-neighbor interaction term is driven periodically. We show that such a driven chain exhibits prethermal strong Hilbert space fragmentation (HSF) in the high drive amplitude regime at specific drive frequencies ω_{m}^{*}. This constitutes the first realization of HSF for out-of-equilibrium systems. We obtain analytic expressions of ω_{m}^{*} using a Floquet perturbation theory and provide exact numerical computation of entanglement entropy, equal-time correlation functions, and the density autocorrelation of fermions for finite chains. All of these quantities indicate clear signatures of strong HSF. We study the fate of the HSF as one tunes away from ω_{m}^{*} and discuss the extent of the prethermal regime as a function of the drive amplitude.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somsubhra Ghosh
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Indranil Paul
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, 75205 Paris, France
| | - K Sengupta
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Paul I, Bolzan D, Youssef A, Gagnon KA, Hook H, Karemore G, Oliphant MUJ, Lin W, Liu Q, Phanse S, White C, Padhorny D, Kotelnikov S, Chen CS, Hu P, Denis GV, Kozakov D, Raught B, Siggers T, Wuchty S, Muthuswamy SK, Emili A. Parallelized multidimensional analytic framework applied to mammary epithelial cells uncovers regulatory principles in EMT. Nat Commun 2023; 14:688. [PMID: 36755019 PMCID: PMC9908882 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A proper understanding of disease etiology will require longitudinal systems-scale reconstruction of the multitiered architecture of eukaryotic signaling. Here we combine state-of-the-art data acquisition platforms and bioinformatics tools to devise PAMAF, a workflow that simultaneously examines twelve omics modalities, i.e., protein abundance from whole-cells, nucleus, exosomes, secretome and membrane; N-glycosylation, phosphorylation; metabolites; mRNA, miRNA; and, in parallel, single-cell transcriptomes. We apply PAMAF in an established in vitro model of TGFβ-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) to quantify >61,000 molecules from 12 omics and 10 timepoints over 12 days. Bioinformatics analysis of this EMT-ExMap resource allowed us to identify; -topological coupling between omics, -four distinct cell states during EMT, -omics-specific kinetic paths, -stage-specific multi-omics characteristics, -distinct regulatory classes of genes, -ligand-receptor mediated intercellular crosstalk by integrating scRNAseq and subcellular proteomics, and -combinatorial drug targets (e.g., Hedgehog signaling and CAMK-II) to inhibit EMT, which we validate using a 3D mammary duct-on-a-chip platform. Overall, this study provides a resource on TGFβ signaling and EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Paul
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 71 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Dante Bolzan
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami, 1356 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Ahmed Youssef
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, 24 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Keith A Gagnon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Heather Hook
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 24 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Biological Design Center, Boston University, 610 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Gopal Karemore
- Advanced Analytics, Novo Nordisk A/S, 2760, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Michael U J Oliphant
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Weiwei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 71 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Sadhna Phanse
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 71 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Carl White
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 71 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Dzmitry Padhorny
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, 11794, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Sergei Kotelnikov
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, 11794, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Christopher S Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Gerald V Denis
- Boston Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston University, Boston University, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Dima Kozakov
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, 11794, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Brian Raught
- Discovery Tower (TMDT), 101 College St, Rm. 9-701A, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Trevor Siggers
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 24 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Biological Design Center, Boston University, 610 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Stefan Wuchty
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami, 1356 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Senthil K Muthuswamy
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Emili
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 71 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
- Department of Biology, Charles River Campus, Boston University, Life Science & Engineering (LSEB-602), 24 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
English J, Orofino J, Cederquist CT, Paul I, Li H, Auwerx J, Emili A, Belkina A, Cardamone D, Perissi V. GPS2-mediated regulation of the adipocyte secretome modulates adipose tissue remodeling at the onset of diet-induced obesity. Mol Metab 2023; 69:101682. [PMID: 36731652 PMCID: PMC9922684 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysfunctional, unhealthy expansion of white adipose tissue due to excess dietary intake is a process at the root of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes development. The objective of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanism(s) regulating the early stages of adipose tissue expansion and adaptation to dietary stress due to an acute, high-fat diet (HFD) challenge, with a focus on the communication between adipocytes and other stromal cells. METHODS We profiled the early response to high-fat diet exposure in wildtype and adipocyte-specific GPS2-KO (GPS2-AKO) mice at the cellular, tissue and organismal level. A multi-pronged approach was employed to disentangle the complex cellular interactions dictating tissue remodeling, via single-cell RNA sequencing and FACS profiling of the stromal fraction, and semi-quantitative proteomics of the adipocyte-derived exosomal cargo after 5 weeks of HFD feeding. RESULTS Our results indicate that loss of GPS2 in mature adipocytes leads to impaired adaptation to the metabolic stress imposed by HFD feeding. GPS2-AKO mice are significantly more inflamed, insulin resistant, and obese, compared to the WT counterparts. At the cellular level, lack of GPS2 in adipocytes impacts upon other stromal populations, with both the eWAT and scWAT depots exhibiting changes in the immune and non-immune compartments that contribute to an increase in inflammatory and anti-adipogenic cell types. Our studies also revealed that adipocyte to stromal cell communication is facilitated by exosomes, and that transcriptional rewiring of the exosomal cargo is crucial for tissue remodeling. Loss of GPS2 results in increased expression of secreted factors promoting a TGFβ-driven fibrotic microenvironment favoring unhealthy tissue remodeling and expansion. CONCLUSIONS Adipocytes serve as an intercellular signaling hub, communicating with the stromal compartment via paracrine signaling. Our study highlights the importance of proper regulation of the 'secretome' released by energetically stressed adipocytes at the onset of obesity. Altered transcriptional regulation of factors secreted via adipocyte-derived exosomes (AdExos), in the absence of GPS2, contributes to the establishment of an anti-adipogenic, pro-fibrotic adipose tissue environment, and to hastened progression towards a metabolically dysfunctional phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin English
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Joseph Orofino
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Carly T. Cederquist
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Indranil Paul
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Hao Li
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Andrew Emili
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Anna Belkina
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Dafne Cardamone
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Valentina Perissi
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Philippe JC, Lespinas A, Faria J, Forget A, Colson D, Houver S, Cazayous M, Sacuto A, Paul I, Gallais Y. Nematic-Fluctuation-Mediated Superconductivity Revealed by Anisotropic Strain in Ba(Fe_{1-x}Co_{x})_{2}As_{2}. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:187002. [PMID: 36374691 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.187002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic strain is an external field capable of selectively addressing the role of nematic fluctuations in promoting superconductivity. We demonstrate this using polarization-resolved elasto-Raman scattering by probing the evolution of nematic fluctuations under strain in the normal and superconducting state of the paradigmatic iron-based superconductor Ba(Fe_{1-x}Co_{x})_{2}As_{2}. In the parent compound BaFe_{2}As_{2} we observe a strain-induced suppression of the nematic susceptibility which follows the expected behavior of an Ising order parameter under a symmetry breaking field. For the superconducting compound, the suppression of the nematic susceptibility correlates with the decrease of the critical temperature T_{c}, indicating a significant contribution of nematic fluctuations to electron pairing. Our results validate theoretical scenarios of enhanced T_{c} near a nematic quantum critical point.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Côme Philippe
- Université Paris Cité, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR CNRS 7162, Bátiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Alexis Lespinas
- Université Paris Cité, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR CNRS 7162, Bátiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Jimmy Faria
- Université Paris Cité, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR CNRS 7162, Bátiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Anne Forget
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, DSM/DRECAM/SPEC, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Dorothée Colson
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, DSM/DRECAM/SPEC, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Sarah Houver
- Université Paris Cité, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR CNRS 7162, Bátiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Maximilien Cazayous
- Université Paris Cité, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR CNRS 7162, Bátiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Alain Sacuto
- Université Paris Cité, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR CNRS 7162, Bátiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Indranil Paul
- Université Paris Cité, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR CNRS 7162, Bátiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Yann Gallais
- Université Paris Cité, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR CNRS 7162, Bátiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yot P, Paul I, Alabarse F, Thessieu C, Wang S, Christian S, Guillaume M. Pore architecture of the MIL-53(Al) mechanically controlled to intelligently modulate CO 2 adsorption. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322095067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
|
9
|
Hekman RM, Hume AJ, Goel RK, Abo KM, Huang J, Blum BC, Werder RB, Suder EL, Paul I, Phanse S, Youssef A, Alysandratos KD, Padhorny D, Ojha S, Mora-Martin A, Kretov D, Ash PEA, Verma M, Zhao J, Patten JJ, Villacorta-Martin C, Bolzan D, Perea-Resa C, Bullitt E, Hinds A, Tilston-Lunel A, Varelas X, Farhangmehr S, Braunschweig U, Kwan JH, McComb M, Basu A, Saeed M, Perissi V, Burks EJ, Layne MD, Connor JH, Davey R, Cheng JX, Wolozin BL, Blencowe BJ, Wuchty S, Lyons SM, Kozakov D, Cifuentes D, Blower M, Kotton DN, Wilson AA, Mühlberger E, Emili A. Actionable Cytopathogenic Host Responses of Human Alveolar Type 2 Cells to SARS-CoV-2. Mol Cell 2021; 81:212. [PMID: 33417854 PMCID: PMC7831449 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Paul I, White C, Turcinovic I, Emili A. Imaging the future: the emerging era of single-cell spatial proteomics. FEBS J 2020; 288:6990-7001. [PMID: 33351222 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The proteome of a human cell is partitioned within organelles, such as the nucleus, and other subcellular compartments, such as the cytoplasm, forming a myriad of membrane-bound and membrane-free ultrastructures. This compartmentalization allows discrete biochemical processes to occur efficiently in isolation, with relevant proteins localized to appropriate niches to fulfill their biological function(s). Proper delivery and dynamic exchange of proteins between compartments underlie the regulation of many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, division, and programmed cell death. To this end, cells deploy dedicated trafficking mechanisms to ensure correct protein localization, as mis-localization can result in pathology. In addition to trafficking, variation in the expression, modification, and physical associations of proteins within and between cells can result in biological heterogeneity, motivating the need for single-cell measurements. In this review, we introduce diverse platform technologies developed for subcellular proteomics and high-throughput systems biology, with the aim of providing mechanistic insights into fundamental cell biological processes underlying healthy and diseased states, and valuable public data resources. In contrast to the rapidly advancing field of single-cell genomics, the single-cell spatial proteomics toolbox remains in its infancy, but is poised to make considerable advances in the coming years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Paul
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Boston University, MA, USA
| | - Carl White
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Boston University, MA, USA
| | - Isabella Turcinovic
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Boston University, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Emili
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Boston University, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hekman RM, Hume AJ, Goel RK, Abo KM, Huang J, Blum BC, Werder RB, Suder EL, Paul I, Phanse S, Youssef A, Alysandratos KD, Padhorny D, Ojha S, Mora-Martin A, Kretov D, Ash PEA, Verma M, Zhao J, Patten JJ, Villacorta-Martin C, Bolzan D, Perea-Resa C, Bullitt E, Hinds A, Tilston-Lunel A, Varelas X, Farhangmehr S, Braunschweig U, Kwan JH, McComb M, Basu A, Saeed M, Perissi V, Burks EJ, Layne MD, Connor JH, Davey R, Cheng JX, Wolozin BL, Blencowe BJ, Wuchty S, Lyons SM, Kozakov D, Cifuentes D, Blower M, Kotton DN, Wilson AA, Mühlberger E, Emili A. Actionable Cytopathogenic Host Responses of Human Alveolar Type 2 Cells to SARS-CoV-2. Mol Cell 2020; 80:1104-1122.e9. [PMID: 33259812 PMCID: PMC7674017 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causative pathogen of the COVID-19 pandemic, exerts a massive health and socioeconomic crisis. The virus infects alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AT2s), leading to lung injury and impaired gas exchange, but the mechanisms driving infection and pathology are unclear. We performed a quantitative phosphoproteomic survey of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived AT2s (iAT2s) infected with SARS-CoV-2 at air-liquid interface (ALI). Time course analysis revealed rapid remodeling of diverse host systems, including signaling, RNA processing, translation, metabolism, nuclear integrity, protein trafficking, and cytoskeletal-microtubule organization, leading to cell cycle arrest, genotoxic stress, and innate immunity. Comparison to analogous data from transformed cell lines revealed respiratory-specific processes hijacked by SARS-CoV-2, highlighting potential novel therapeutic avenues that were validated by a high hit rate in a targeted small molecule screen in our iAT2 ALI system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Hekman
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adam J Hume
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raghuveera Kumar Goel
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristine M Abo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessie Huang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin C Blum
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rhiannon B Werder
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ellen L Suder
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Indranil Paul
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sadhna Phanse
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahmed Youssef
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Konstantinos D Alysandratos
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dzmitry Padhorny
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Sandeep Ojha
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Dmitry Kretov
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter E A Ash
- Department of Pharmacology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mamta Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J J Patten
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos Villacorta-Martin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dante Bolzan
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Carlos Perea-Resa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Esther Bullitt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne Hinds
- The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Tilston-Lunel
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xaralabos Varelas
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shaghayegh Farhangmehr
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Julian H Kwan
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark McComb
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Avik Basu
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohsan Saeed
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Valentina Perissi
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric J Burks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew D Layne
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John H Connor
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Davey
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin L Wolozin
- Department of Pharmacology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin J Blencowe
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stefan Wuchty
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Miami Institute of Data Science and Computing, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shawn M Lyons
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dima Kozakov
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Cifuentes
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Blower
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Andrew A Wilson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Elke Mühlberger
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Andrew Emili
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang L, Bockorny B, Paul I, Akshinthala D, Frappart PO, Gandarilla O, Bose A, Sanchez-Gonzalez V, Rouse EE, Lehoux SD, Pandell N, Lim CM, Clohessy JG, Grossman J, Gonzalez R, Del Pino SP, Daaboul G, Sawhney MS, Freedman SD, Kleger A, Cummings RD, Emili A, Muthuswamy LB, Hidalgo M, Muthuswamy SK. PDX-derived organoids model in vivo drug response and secrete biomarkers. JCI Insight 2020; 5:135544. [PMID: 32990680 PMCID: PMC7710298 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.135544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived organoid models are proving to be a powerful platform for both basic and translational studies. Here we conduct a methodical analysis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumor organoid drug response in paired patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and PDX-derived organoid (PXO) models grown under WNT-free culture conditions. We report a specific relationship between area under the curve value of organoid drug dose response and in vivo tumor growth, irrespective of the drug treatment. In addition, we analyzed the glycome of PDX and PXO models and demonstrate that PXOs recapitulate the in vivo glycan landscape. In addition, we identify a core set of 57 N-glycans detected in all 10 models that represent 50%-94% of the relative abundance of all N-glycans detected in each of the models. Last, we developed a secreted biomarker discovery pipeline using media supernatant of organoid cultures and identified potentially new extracellular vesicle (EV) protein markers. We validated our findings using plasma samples from patients with PDAC, benign gastrointestinal diseases, and chronic pancreatitis and discovered that 4 EV proteins are potential circulating biomarkers for PDAC. Thus, we demonstrate the utility of organoid cultures to not only model in vivo drug responses but also serve as a powerful platform for discovering clinically actionable serologic biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruno Bockorny
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Indranil Paul
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dipikaa Akshinthala
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Omar Gandarilla
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arindam Bose
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | - Nicole Pandell
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christine M. Lim
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John G. Clohessy
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph Grossman
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raul Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sofia Perea Del Pino
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Mandeep S. Sawhney
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven D. Freedman
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander Kleger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Andrew Emili
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lakshmi B. Muthuswamy
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Senthil K. Muthuswamy
- Cancer Center and
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bowe F, Paul I, Ferguson J, Dunning J, Harrison S. High intensity inspiratory muscle training (HI-IMT) in individuals referred for lung resection surgery. Physiotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2020.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
14
|
Auvray N, Loret B, Benhabib S, Cazayous M, Zhong RD, Schneeloch J, Gu GD, Forget A, Colson D, Paul I, Sacuto A, Gallais Y. Nematic fluctuations in the cuprate superconductor Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5209. [PMID: 31729372 PMCID: PMC6858346 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12940-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishing the presence and the nature of a quantum critical point in their phase diagram is a central enigma of the high-temperature superconducting cuprates. It could explain their pseudogap and strange metal phases, and ultimately their high superconducting temperatures. Yet, while solid evidences exist in several unconventional superconductors of ubiquitous critical fluctuations associated to a quantum critical point, in the cuprates they remain undetected until now. Here using symmetry-resolved electronic Raman scattering in the cuprate \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$${\mathrm{Bi}}_2{\mathrm{Sr}}_2{\mathrm{CaCu}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_{8+\delta}$$\end{document}Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ, we report the observation of enhanced electronic nematic fluctuations near the endpoint of the pseudogap phase. While our data hint at the possible presence of an incipient nematic quantum critical point, the doping dependence of the nematic fluctuations deviates significantly from a canonical quantum critical scenario. The observed nematic instability rather appears to be tied to the presence of a van Hove singularity in the band structure. Solid evidence of quantum fluctuations associated to a quantum critical point in cuprate superconductors remains elusive. Here, Auvray et al. report Raman scattering evidence of enhanced electronic nematic fluctuations near the endpoint of the pseudogap phase in Bi\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$${}_{2}$$\end{document}2Sr\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$${}_{2}$$\end{document}2CaCu\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$${}_{2}$$\end{document}2O\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$${}_{8+\delta }$$\end{document}8+δ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Auvray
- Université de Paris, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162, F-75205, Paris, France
| | - B Loret
- Université de Paris, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162, F-75205, Paris, France
| | - S Benhabib
- Université de Paris, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162, F-75205, Paris, France
| | - M Cazayous
- Université de Paris, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162, F-75205, Paris, France
| | - R D Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - J Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - G D Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - A Forget
- Service de Physique de lÉtat Condensé, DRF/IRAMIS/SPEC (UMR 3680 CNRS), CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - D Colson
- Service de Physique de lÉtat Condensé, DRF/IRAMIS/SPEC (UMR 3680 CNRS), CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - I Paul
- Université de Paris, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162, F-75205, Paris, France
| | - A Sacuto
- Université de Paris, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162, F-75205, Paris, France
| | - Y Gallais
- Université de Paris, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162, F-75205, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Paul I, Chatterjee A, Maiti S, Bhadoria PBS, Mitra A. Dynamic trajectories of volatile and non-volatile specialised metabolites in 'overnight' fragrant flowers of Murraya paniculata. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2019; 21:899-910. [PMID: 30866144 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ephemeral flowers, especially nocturnal ones, usually emit characteristic scent profiles within their post-anthesis lifespans of a few hours. Whether these flowers exhibit temporal variability in the composition and profile of volatile and non-volatile specialised metabolites has received little attention. Flowers of Murraya paniculata bloom in the evenings during the summer and monsoon, and their sweet, intense fragrance enhances the plant's value as an ornamental. We aimed to investigate profiles of both volatile and non-volatile endogenous specialised metabolites (ESM) in nocturnal ephemeral flowers of M. paniculata to examine whether any biochemically diverse groups of ESM follow distinct patterns of accumulation while maintaining synchrony with defensive physiological functions. Targeted ESM contents of M. paniculata flowers were profiled at ten time points at 2-h intervals, starting from late bud stage (afternoon) up to the start of petal senescence (mid-morning). Emitted volatiles were monitored continuously within the whole 20-h period using headspace sampling. The ESM contents were mapped by time point to obtain a highly dynamic and biochemically diverse profile. Relative temporal patterns of ESM accumulation indicated that the active fragrance-emitting period might be divided into 'early bloom', 'mid-bloom' and 'late bloom' phases. Early and late bloom phases were characterised by high free radical generation, with immediate enhancement of antioxidant enzymes and phenolic compounds. The mid-bloom phase was relatively stable and dedicated to maximum fragrance emission, with provision for strong terpenoid-mediated defence against herbivores. The late bloom phase merged into senescence with the start of daylight; however, even the senescent petals continued to emit fragrance to attract diurnal pollinators. Our study suggests that dynamic relations between the different ESM groups regulate the short-term requirements of floral advertisement and phytochemical defence in this ephemeral flower. This study also provided fundamental information on the temporal occurrence of emitted volatiles and internal pools of specialised metabolites in M. paniculata flowers, which could serve as an important model for pollination biology of Rutaceae, which includes many important fruit crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Paul
- Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - A Chatterjee
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - S Maiti
- Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - P B S Bhadoria
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - A Mitra
- Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nacken A, Rehfuess EA, Paul I, Lupapula A, Pfadenhauer LM. Teachers' competence, school policy and social context-HIV prevention needs of primary schools in Kagera, Tanzania. Health Educ Res 2018; 33:505-521. [PMID: 31222361 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyy036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa carries a high burden of the HIV epidemic, with young adults being particularly affected. Well-designed school-based HIV prevention interventions can contribute to establishing protective behaviour. The aim of this study was to explore the needs of primary school students and teachers in the region of Kagera, Tanzania, regarding an HIV prevention intervention in the primary school setting. The needs assessment was structured according to the PRECEDE component of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model. Qualitative data was collected in six focus group discussions with primary school students and teachers. Key informant interviews with seven experts were conducted. We employed qualitative content analysis to analyse data in MAXQDA. The findings suggest that teachers need to be adequately trained to provide HIV and sex education and to support HIV-positive students. Enabling structural factors, such as an appropriate syllabus, are required. Stigmatization has been reported a major barrier to HIV prevention in schools. Teachers and students identified a more trustful relationship between each other as well as to legal guardians of children as a basis for HIV prevention. These findings will inform the development of a tailored HIV prevention intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Nacken
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, Munich, Germany
| | - E A Rehfuess
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, Munich, Germany
| | - I Paul
- Jambo Bukoba NGO Office Tanzania, Jambo Bukoba e.V., Aerodrome Road, Bukoba, Tanzania
| | - A Lupapula
- Department of Kiswahili, St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - L M Pfadenhauer
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Günther O, Paul I, Poser H, Müller F. Die Anzahl verschlüsselter Diagnosen in einem dokumentationsgerechten Krankenblatt für internistische Patienten. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1636265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Anfang 1963 wurde in der Medizinischen Universitäts-Klinik Greifswald die Krankenblatt-Dokumentation mit Maschinenlochkarten eingeführt; der dafür entwickelte Krankenblattkopf gestattet die Verschlüsselung von maximal 6 Diagnosen.Die vorliegende Arbeit ist hauptsächlich statistischen Untersuchungen über die Verteilung der verschlüsselten Diagnosen auf Diagnosengruppen und Altersklassen gewidmet. Sie lassen nach Ansicht der Verfasser den Schluß zu, daß in einem dokumentationsgerechten Krankenblattkopf für internistische Patienten vier Diagnosen-Felder ausreichen.Abschließend wird kurz das Problem der Krankenblattbearbeitung diskutiert und auf die Bedeutung von Dokumentationsfachkräften hingewiesen.
Collapse
|
18
|
Paul I, Batth TS, Iglesias-Gato D, Al-Araimi A, Al-Haddabi I, Alkharusi A, Norstedt G, Olsen JV, Zadjali F, Flores-Morales A. The ubiquitin ligase Cullin5 SOCS2 regulates NDR1/STK38 stability and NF-κB transactivation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42800. [PMID: 28216640 PMCID: PMC5316984 DOI: 10.1038/srep42800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
SOCS2 is a pleiotropic E3 ligase. Its deficiency is associated with gigantism and organismal lethality upon inflammatory challenge. However, mechanistic understanding of SOCS2 function is dismal due to our unawareness of its protein substrates. We performed a mass spectrometry based proteomic profiling upon SOCS2 depletion and yield quantitative data for ~4200 proteins. Through this screen we identify a novel target of SOCS2, the serine-threonine kinase NDR1. Over-expression of SOCS2 accelerates turnover, while its knockdown stabilizes, endogenous NDR1 protein. SOCS2 interacts with NDR1 and promotes its degradation through K48-linked ubiquitination. Functionally, over-expression of SOCS2 antagonizes NDR1-induced TNFα-stimulated NF-κB activity. Conversely, depletion of NDR1 rescues the effect of SOCS2-deficiency on TNFα-induced NF-κB transactivation. Using a SOCS2−/− mice model of colitis we show that SOCS2-deficiency is pro-inflammatory and negatively correlates with NDR1 and nuclear p65 levels. Lastly, we provide evidence to suggest that NDR1 acts as an oncogene in prostate cancer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an identified E3 ligase for NDR1. These results might explain how SOCS2-deficiency leads to hyper-activation of NF-κB and downstream pathological implications and posits that SOCS2 induced degradation of NDR1 may act as a switch in restricting TNFα-NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Paul
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Tanveer S Batth
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Diego Iglesias-Gato
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, c/o the Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Amna Al-Araimi
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. box 35, P.C 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ibrahim Al-Haddabi
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. box 35, P.C 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Amira Alkharusi
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. box 35, P.C 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Gunnar Norstedt
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. box 35, P.C 123, Muscat, Oman.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper V Olsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Fahad Zadjali
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. box 35, P.C 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Amilcar Flores-Morales
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.,Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, c/o the Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang Y, Gastiasoro MN, Andersen BM, Tomić M, Jeschke HO, Valentí R, Paul I, Hirschfeld PJ. Publisher's Note: Effects of Lifshitz Transitions on Charge Transport in Magnetic Phases of Fe-Based Superconductors [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 097003 (2015)]. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:259902. [PMID: 28036198 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.259902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.097003.
Collapse
|
20
|
Massat P, Farina D, Paul I, Karlsson S, Strobel P, Toulemonde P, Méasson MA, Cazayous M, Sacuto A, Kasahara S, Shibauchi T, Matsuda Y, Gallais Y. Charge-induced nematicity in FeSe. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:9177-81. [PMID: 27482118 PMCID: PMC4995930 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1606562113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The spontaneous appearance of nematicity, a state of matter that breaks rotation but not translation symmetry, is one of the most intriguing properties of the iron-based superconductors (Fe SC), and has relevance for the cuprates as well. Establishing the critical electronic modes behind nematicity remains a challenge, however, because their associated susceptibilities are not easily accessible by conventional probes. Here, using FeSe as a model system, and symmetry-resolved electronic Raman scattering as a probe, we unravel the presence of critical charge nematic fluctuations near the structural/nematic transition temperature, [Formula: see text] 90 K. The diverging behavior of the associated nematic susceptibility foretells the presence of a Pomeranchuk instability of the Fermi surface with d-wave symmetry. The excellent scaling between the observed nematic susceptibility and elastic modulus data demonstrates that the structural distortion is driven by this d-wave Pomeranchuk transition. Our results make a strong case for charge-induced nematicity in FeSe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Massat
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR7162, Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Donato Farina
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR7162, Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Indranil Paul
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR7162, Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Sandra Karlsson
- Institut Néél, CNRS Unité Propre de Recherche 2940, 38042 Grenoble, France; Institut Néél, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Strobel
- Institut Néél, CNRS Unité Propre de Recherche 2940, 38042 Grenoble, France; Institut Néél, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Toulemonde
- Institut Néél, CNRS Unité Propre de Recherche 2940, 38042 Grenoble, France; Institut Néél, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Marie-Aude Méasson
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR7162, Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Maximilien Cazayous
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR7162, Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Alain Sacuto
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR7162, Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | | | - Takasada Shibauchi
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsuda
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yann Gallais
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR7162, Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 13, France;
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gallais Y, Paul I, Chauvière L, Schmalian J. Nematic Resonance in the Raman Response of Iron-Based Superconductors. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:017001. [PMID: 26799039 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.017001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In a fully gapped superconductor the electronic Raman response has a pair-breaking peak at twice the superconducting gap Δ, if the Bogoliubov excitations are uncorrelated. Motivated by the iron based superconductors, we study how this peak is modified if the superconducting phase hosts a nematic-structural quantum critical point. We show that, upon approaching this point by tuning, e.g., doping, the growth of nematic correlations between the quasiparticles transforms the pair-breaking peak into a nematic resonance. The mode energy is below 2Δ, and stays finite at the quantum critical point, where its spectral weight is sharply enhanced. The latter is consistent with recent experiments on electron-doped iron based superconductors and provides direct evidence of nematic correlations in their superconducting phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yann Gallais
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Indranil Paul
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Ludivine Chauvière
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Jörg Schmalian
- Institute for Theory of Condensed Matter, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Paul I, Sinha VK, Sarkhel S, Praharaj SK. Co-morbidity of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder and Other Anxiety Disorders with Child and Adolescent Mood Disorders. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2015; 25:58-63. [PMID: 26118744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the co-morbidity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and other anxiety disorders in child and adolescent mood disorders. METHODS A total of 100 patients aged < 18 years with mood disorders according to the DSM-IV-TR were screened for OCD and other anxiety disorders using Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version. RESULTS The prevalence of co-morbid anxiety disorders was 22%; OCD was present in 4%, and subthreshold obsessive-compulsive symptoms were present in 2%. Among others, 8% had panic disorder, 7% had generalised anxiety disorder, 3% had separation anxiety disorder, and 1% had social phobia; multiple anxiety disorders were present in 3% of patients. CONCLUSION Co-morbid anxiety disorder was found in one-fifth of children and adolescents with mood disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Paul
- Department of Psychiatry, IQ City Medical College, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - V K Sinha
- Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - S Sarkhel
- Institute of Psychiatry, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER), Kolkata, India
| | - S K Praharaj
- Department of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Iglesias-Gato D, Chuan YC, Jiang N, Svensson C, Bao J, Shang Z, Paul I, Egevad L, Kessler BM, Wikström P, Niu Y, Flores-Morales A. Erratum: OTUB1 de-ubiquitinating enzyme promotes prostate cancer cell invasion in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:88. [PMID: 25927722 PMCID: PMC4404127 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Iglesias-Gato
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Yin-Choy Chuan
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ning Jiang
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, 300211, Tianjin, China.
| | - Charlotte Svensson
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jing Bao
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, 300211, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhiqun Shang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, 300211, Tianjin, China.
| | - Indranil Paul
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lars Egevad
- Department of Surgical Science Karolinska Institutet, Section of Urology, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Benedikt M Kessler
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, OX37BN, Oxford, UK.
| | | | - Yuanjie Niu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, 300211, Tianjin, China.
| | - Amilcar Flores-Morales
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Benhabib S, Sacuto A, Civelli M, Paul I, Cazayous M, Gallais Y, Méasson MA, Zhong RD, Schneeloch J, Gu GD, Colson D, Forget A. Collapse of the normal-state pseudogap at a Lifshitz transition in the Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+δ) cuprate superconductor. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:147001. [PMID: 25910152 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.147001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a fine tuned doping study of strongly overdoped Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+δ} single crystals using electronic Raman scattering. Combined with theoretical calculations, we show that the doping, at which the normal-state pseudogap closes, coincides with a Lifshitz quantum phase transition where the active holelike Fermi surface becomes electronlike. This conclusion suggests that the microscopic cause of the pseudogap is sensitive to the Fermi surface topology. Furthermore, we find that the superconducting transition temperature is unaffected by this transition, demonstrating that their origins are different on the overdoped side.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Benhabib
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - A Sacuto
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - M Civelli
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, UMR 8502 CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Bâtiment 510, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - I Paul
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - M Cazayous
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Y Gallais
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - M-A Méasson
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - R D Zhong
- Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Schneeloch
- Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Gu
- Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Colson
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Forget
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Y, Gastiasoro MN, Andersen BM, Tomić M, Jeschke HO, Valentí R, Paul I, Hirschfeld PJ. Effects of Lifshitz transition on charge transport in magnetic phases of Fe-based superconductors. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:097003. [PMID: 25793844 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.097003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The unusual temperature dependence of the resistivity and its in-plane anisotropy observed in the Fe-based superconducting materials, particularly Ba(Fe_{1-x}Co_{x})_{2}As_{2}, has been a long-standing puzzle. Here, we consider the effect of impurity scattering on the temperature dependence of the average resistivity within a simple two-band model of a dirty spin density wave metal. The sharp drop in resistivity below the Néel temperature T_{N} in the parent compound can only be understood in terms of a Lifshitz transition following Fermi surface reconstruction upon magnetic ordering. We show that the observed resistivity anisotropy in this phase, arising from nematic defect structures, is affected by the Lifshitz transition as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Maria N Gastiasoro
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brian M Andersen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Tomić
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Harald O Jeschke
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Roser Valentí
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Indranil Paul
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII & CNRS, UMR 7162, 75205 Paris, France
| | - P J Hirschfeld
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Iglesias-Gato D, Chuan YC, Jiang N, Svensson C, Bao J, Paul I, Egevad L, Kessler BM, Wikström P, Niu Y, Flores-Morales A. OTUB1 de-ubiquitinating enzyme promotes prostate cancer cell invasion in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:8. [PMID: 25623341 PMCID: PMC4320819 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-014-0280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ubiquitination is a highly dynamic and reversible process with a central role in cell homeostasis. Deregulation of several deubiquitinating enzymes has been linked to tumor development but their specific role in prostate cancer progression remains unexplored. Methods RNAi screening was used to investigate the role of the ovarian tumor proteases (OTU) family of deubiquitinating enzymes on the proliferation and invasion capacity of prostate cancer cells. RhoA activity was measured in relation with OTUB1 effects on prostate cancer cell invasion. Tumor xenograft mouse model with stable OTUB1 knockdown was used to investigate OTUB1 influence in tumor growth. Results Our RNAi screening identified OTUB1 as an important regulator of prostate cancer cell invasion through the modulation of RhoA activation. The effect of OTUB1 on RhoA activation is important for androgen-induced repression of p53 expression in prostate cancer cells. In localized prostate cancer tumors OTUB1 was found overexpressed as compared to normal prostatic epithelial cells. Prostate cancer xenografts expressing reduced levels of OTUB1 exhibit reduced tumor growth and reduced metastatic dissemination in vivo. Conclusions OTUB1 mediates prostate cancer cell invasion through RhoA activation and promotes tumorigenesis in vivo. Our results suggest that drugs targeting the catalytic activity of OTUB1 could potentially be used as therapeutics for metastatic prostate cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-014-0280-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Iglesias-Gato
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Yin-Choy Chuan
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ning Jiang
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, 300211, Tianjin, China.
| | - Charlotte Svensson
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jing Bao
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, 300211, Tianjin, China.
| | - Indranil Paul
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lars Egevad
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgical Science Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Benedikt M Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7BN, Oxford, UK.
| | - Pernilla Wikström
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, 300211, Tianjin, China.
| | - Amilcar Flores-Morales
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
The carboxy-terminus of Hsc70 interacting protein (CHIP) is known to function as a chaperone associated E3 ligase for several proteins and regulates a variety of physiological processes. Being a connecting link between molecular chaperones and 26S proteasomes, it is widely regarded as the central player in the cellular protein quality control system. Recent analyses have provided new insights on the biochemical and functional dynamics of CHIP. In this review article, we give a comprehensive account of our current knowledge on the biology of CHIP, which apart from shedding light on fundamental biological questions promises to provide a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Paul
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gastiasoro MN, Paul I, Wang Y, Hirschfeld PJ, Andersen BM. Emergent defect states as a source of resistivity anisotropy in the nematic phase of iron pnictides. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:127001. [PMID: 25279638 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.127001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We consider the role of potential scatterers in the nematic phase of Fe-based superconductors above the transition temperature to the (π, 0) magnetic state but below the orthorhombic structural transition. The anisotropic spin fluctuations in this region can be frozen by disorder, to create elongated magnetic droplets whose anisotropy grows as the magnetic transition is approached. Such states act as strong anisotropic defect potentials that scatter with much higher probability perpendicular to their length than parallel, although the actual crystal symmetry breaking is tiny. We calculate the scattering potentials, relaxation rates, and conductivity in this region and show that such emergent defect states are essential for the transport anisotropy observed in experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria N Gastiasoro
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - I Paul
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - P J Hirschfeld
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Brian M Andersen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Paul I, Bhattacharya S, Chatterjee A, Ghosh MK. Current Understanding on EGFR and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Glioma and Their Possible Crosstalk. Genes Cancer 2014; 4:427-46. [PMID: 24386505 DOI: 10.1177/1947601913503341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiformes (GBMs) are extensively heterogeneous at both cellular and molecular levels. Current therapeutic strategies include targeting of key signaling molecules using pharmacological inhibitors in combination with genotoxic agents such as temozolomide. In spite of all efforts, the prognosis of glioma patients remains dismal. Therefore, a proper understanding of individual molecular pathways responsible for the progression of GBM is necessary. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway is probably the most significant signaling pathway clinically implicated in glioma. Not surprisingly, anti-EGFR therapies mostly prevail for therapeutic purposes. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is well implicated in multiple tumors; however, its role in glioma has only recently started to emerge. We give a concise account of the current understanding of the role of both these pathways in glioma. Last, taking evidences from a limited literature, we outline a number of points where these pathways intersect each other and put forward the possibility of combinatorially targeting them for treatment of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Paul
- Signal Transduction in Cancer and Stem Cells Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Seemana Bhattacharya
- Signal Transduction in Cancer and Stem Cells Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Anirban Chatterjee
- Signal Transduction in Cancer and Stem Cells Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Signal Transduction in Cancer and Stem Cells Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Paul I, Al-Saudi R, Mhandu P, El-Dean Z, Graham A, McManus K. 205 Adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: Does VATS lobectomy deliver on its promises? Lung Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(14)70205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
31
|
Gallais Y, Fernandes RM, Paul I, Chauvière L, Yang YX, Méasson MA, Cazayous M, Sacuto A, Colson D, Forget A. Observation of incipient charge nematicity in Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))2As2. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:267001. [PMID: 24483810 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.267001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Using electronic Raman spectroscopy, we report direct measurements of charge nematic fluctuations in the tetragonal phase of strain-free Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))2As2 single crystals. The strong enhancement of the Raman response at low temperatures unveils an underlying charge nematic state that extends to superconducting compositions and which has hitherto remained unnoticed. Comparison between the extracted charge nematic susceptibility and the elastic modulus allows us to disentangle the charge contribution to the nematic instability, and to show that charge nematic fluctuations are weakly coupled to the lattice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Gallais
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomenes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - R M Fernandes
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - I Paul
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomenes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - L Chauvière
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomenes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Y-X Yang
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomenes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - M-A Méasson
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomenes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - M Cazayous
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomenes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - A Sacuto
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomenes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - D Colson
- CEA-Saclay, IRAMIS, Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé (SPEC URA CNRS 2464), F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Forget
- CEA-Saclay, IRAMIS, Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé (SPEC URA CNRS 2464), F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Riley JS, Hutchinson R, McArt DG, Crawford N, Holohan C, Paul I, Van Schaeybroeck S, Salto-Tellez M, Johnston PG, Fennell DA, Gately K, O'Byrne K, Cummins R, Kay E, Hamilton P, Stasik I, Longley DB. Prognostic and therapeutic relevance of FLIP and procaspase-8 overexpression in non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e951. [PMID: 24309938 PMCID: PMC3877552 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma remains by far the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Overexpression of FLIP, which blocks the extrinsic apoptotic pathway by inhibiting caspase-8 activation, has been identified in various cancers. We investigated FLIP and procaspase-8 expression in NSCLC and the effect of HDAC inhibitors on FLIP expression, activation of caspase-8 and drug resistance in NSCLC and normal lung cell line models. Immunohistochemical analysis of cytoplasmic and nuclear FLIP and procaspase-8 protein expression was carried out using a novel digital pathology approach. Both FLIP and procaspase-8 were found to be significantly overexpressed in tumours, and importantly, high cytoplasmic expression of FLIP significantly correlated with shorter overall survival. Treatment with HDAC inhibitors targeting HDAC1-3 downregulated FLIP expression predominantly via post-transcriptional mechanisms, and this resulted in death receptor- and caspase-8-dependent apoptosis in NSCLC cells, but not normal lung cells. In addition, HDAC inhibitors synergized with TRAIL and cisplatin in NSCLC cells in a FLIP- and caspase-8-dependent manner. Thus, FLIP and procaspase-8 are overexpressed in NSCLC, and high cytoplasmic FLIP expression is indicative of poor prognosis. Targeting high FLIP expression using HDAC1–3 selective inhibitors such as entinostat to exploit high procaspase-8 expression in NSCLC has promising therapeutic potential, particularly when used in combination with TRAIL receptor-targeted agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Riley
- Drug Resistance Group, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Isaev L, Aoyama K, Paul I, Vekhter I. Orbital order and Hund's rule frustration in Kondo lattices. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:157202. [PMID: 24160623 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.157202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We analyze a microscopic origin of the Kondo effect-assisted orbital order in heavy-fermion materials. By studying the periodic two-orbital Anderson model with two local electrons, we show that frustration of Hund's rule coupling due to the Kondo effect leads to an incommensurate spiral orbital and magnetic order, which exists only inside the Kondo screened (heavy-electron) phase. This spiral state can be observed in neutron and resonant x-ray scattering measurements in U- and Pr-based heavy-fermion compounds, and realized in cold atomic gases, e.g., fermionic 173Yb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Isaev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 80703, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Vignesh R, Swathirajan CR, Solomon S, Shankar EM, Murugavel KG, Paul I, Waldrop G, Solomon SS, Balakrishnan P. Iodine-glycerol as an alternative to lactophenol cotton blue for identification of fungal elements in clinical laboratory. Indian J Med Microbiol 2013; 31:93-4. [PMID: 23508444 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.108752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
35
|
Paul I, Pépin C, Norman MR. Equivalence of single-particle and transport lifetimes from hybridization fluctuations. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:066402. [PMID: 23432282 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.066402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Single band theories of quantum criticality successfully describe a single-particle lifetime with non-Fermi liquid temperature dependence, but they fail to obtain a charge transport rate with the same dependence unless the interaction is assumed to be momentum independent. Here we demonstrate that a quantum critical material, with a long-range mode that transmutes electrons between light and heavy bands, exhibits a quasilinear temperature dependence for both the single-particle and the charge transport lifetimes, despite the strong momentum dependence of the interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Paul
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 and CNRS, UMR 7162, 75205 Paris, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Paul I, Chacko AD, Stasik I, Busacca S, Crawford N, McCoy F, McTavish N, Wilson B, Barr M, O'Byrne KJ, Longley DB, Fennell DA. Acquired differential regulation of caspase-8 in cisplatin-resistant non-small-cell lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2012; 3:e449. [PMID: 23254292 PMCID: PMC3542622 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Failure to efficiently induce apoptosis contributes to cisplatin resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX) and BCL-2 antagonist killer (BAK) are critical regulators of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, their requirement has not been robustly established in relation to cisplatin. Here, we show that cisplatin can efficiently bypass mitochondrial apoptosis block caused by loss of BAX and BAK, via activation of the extrinsic death receptor pathway in some model cell lines. Apoptosis resistance following cisplatin can only be observed when both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways are blocked, consistent with redundancy between mitochondrial and death receptor pathways in cisplatin-induced apoptosis. In H460 NSCLC cells, caspase-8 cleavage was shown to be induced by cisplatin and is dependent on death receptor 4, death receptor 5, Fas-associated protein with death domain, acid sphingomyelinase and ceramide synthesis. In contrast, cisplatin-resistant cells fail to activate caspase-8 via this pathway despite conserving sensitivity to death ligand-driven activation. Accordingly, caspase-8 activation block acquired during cisplatin resistance, can be bypassed by death receptor agonism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Paul
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ahmed SF, Deb S, Paul I, Chatterjee A, Mandal T, Chatterjee U, Ghosh MK. The chaperone-assisted E3 ligase C terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) targets PTEN for proteasomal degradation. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:15996-6006. [PMID: 22427670 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.321083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor, PTEN is key to the regulation of diverse cellular processes, making it a prime candidate to be tightly regulated. The PTEN level is controlled in a major way by E3 ligase-mediated degradation through the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS). Nedd 4-1, XIAP, and WWP2 have been shown to maintain PTEN turnover. Here, we report that CHIP, the chaperone-associated E3 ligase, induces ubiquitination and regulates the proteasomal turnover of PTEN. It was apparent from our findings that PTEN transiently associates with the molecular chaperones and thereby gets diverted to the degradation pathway through its interaction with CHIP. The TPR domain of CHIP and parts of the N-terminal domain of PTEN are required for their interaction. Overexpression of CHIP leads to elevated ubiquitination and a shortened half-life of endogenous PTEN. On the other hand, depletion of endogenous CHIP stabilizes PTEN. CHIP is also shown to regulate PTEN-dependent transcription presumably through its down-regulation. PTEN shared an inverse correlation with CHIP in human prostate cancer patient samples, thereby triggering the prospects of a more complex mode of PTEN regulation in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Feroj Ahmed
- Signal Tranduction in Cancer and Stem Cells Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), 4 Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
We examine the relevance of magnetoelastic coupling to describe the complex magnetic and structural behavior of the different classes of the iron superconductors. We model the system as a two-dimensional metal whose magnetic excitations interact with the distortions of the underlying square lattice. Going beyond the mean field, we find that quantum fluctuation effects can explain two unusual features of these materials that have attracted considerable attention: first, why iron telluride orders magnetically at a non-nesting wave vector (π/2,π/2) and not at the nesting wave vector (π,0) as in the iron arsenides, even though the nominal band structures of both these systems are similar, and second, why the (π,0) magnetic transition in the iron arsenides is often preceded by an orthorhombic structural transition. These are robust properties of the model, independent of microscopic details, and they emphasize the importance of the magnetoelastic interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Paul
- Institut Néel, CNRS/UJF, 25 avenue des Martyrs, B.P. 166, 38042 Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Paul I, Savage K, Lamers E, Gately K, O'Byrne KJ, Blayney JK, Kerr KM, Sheaff M, Richard DJ, Hamilton PW, James J, Quinn JE, Fennell DA. The effect of PARP inhibition on BAX/BAK independent synthetic lethality of BRCA1-deficient non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e13519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
40
|
Chacko A, Jithesh PV, Grills C, Paul I, Crawford N, Fennell DA. The Rab27A effector MYRIP as a regulator of survival in non-small cell lung cancer cells. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
41
|
Busacca S, Gray SG, Paul I, McTavish N, O'Byrne KJ, Quinn JE, Fennell DA. BRCA1 expression and efficacy of vinorelbine in malignant mesothelioma. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
42
|
McTavish N, McCoy F, Paul I, Busacca S, Fennell DA. Obatoclax effects on MCL1 addiction in mesothelioma and activity in vivo. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
43
|
McCoy F, Hurwitz J, McTavish N, Paul I, Barnes C, O'Hagan B, Odrzywol K, Murray J, Longley D, McKerr G, Fennell DA. Obatoclax induces Atg7-dependent autophagy independent of beclin-1 and BAX/BAK. Cell Death Dis 2010; 1:e108. [PMID: 21368880 PMCID: PMC3032298 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2010.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Direct pharmacological targeting of the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family is an attractive therapeutic strategy for treating cancer. Obatoclax is a pan-BCL-2 family inhibitor currently in clinical development. Here we show that, although obatoclax can induce mitochondrial apoptosis dependent on BCL-2 associated x protein/BCL-2 antagonist killer (BAX/BAK) consistent with its on-target pharmacodynamics, simultaneous silencing of both BAX and BAK did not abolish acute toxicity or loss of clonogenicity. This is despite complete inhibition of apoptosis. Obatoclax dramatically reduced viability without inducing loss of plasma membrane integrity. This was associated with rapid processing of light chain-3 (LC3) and reduction of S6 kinase phosphorylation, consistent with autophagy. Dramatic ultrastructural vacuolation, not typical of autophagy, was also induced. Silencing of beclin-1 failed to prevent LC3 processing, whereas knockout of autophagy-related (Atg)7 abolished LC3 processing but failed to prevent obatoclax-induced loss of clonogenicity or ultrastructural changes. siRNA silencing of Atg7 in BAX/BAK knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts did not prevent obatoclax-induced loss of viability. Cells selected for obatoclax resistance evaded apoptosis independent of changes in BCL-2 family expression and displayed reduced LC3 processing. In summary, obatoclax exhibits BAX- and BAK-dependent and -independent mechanisms of toxicity and activation of autophagy. Mechanisms other than autophagy and apoptosis are blocked in obatoclax resistant cells and contribute significantly to obatoclax's anticancer efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F McCoy
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - J Hurwitz
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - N McTavish
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - I Paul
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - C Barnes
- FEI Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Ulster, Ulster, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - B O'Hagan
- FEI Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Ulster, Ulster, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - K Odrzywol
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - J Murray
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - D Longley
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - G McKerr
- FEI Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Ulster, Ulster, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - D A Fennell
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wallace K, Veerisetty S, Paul I, May W, Miguel-Hidalgo JJ, Bennett W. Prenatal infection decreases calbindin, decreases Purkinje cell volume and density and produces long-term motor deficits in Sprague-Dawley rats. Dev Neurosci 2010; 32:302-12. [PMID: 20948182 DOI: 10.1159/000319506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cerebellum is involved in the control of motor functions with Purkinje cells serving as the only output from the cerebellum. Purkinje cells are important targets for toxic substances and are vulnerable to prenatal insults. Intrauterine infection (IUI) has been shown to selectively target the developing cerebral white matter through lesioning, necrosis and inflammatory cytokine activation. Developmental and cognitive delays have been associated with animal models of IUI. The aim of this study was to determine if IUI leads to damage to Purkinje cells in the developing cerebellum and if any damage is associated with decreases in calbindin and motor behaviors in surviving pups. Pregnant rats were injected with Escherichia coli (1 × 10⁵ colony-forming units) or sterile saline at gestational day 17. Beginning at postnatal day (PND) 2, the pups were subjected to a series of developmental tests to examine developmental milestones. At PND 16, some pups were sacrificed and their brains extracted and processed for histology or protein studies. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was done to examine the general morphology of the Purkinje cells and to examine Purkinje cell density, area and volume. Calbindin expression was examined in the cerebellum via immunohistochemistry and Western blot techniques. The remaining rat pups were used to examine motor coordination and balance on a rotating rotarod at the prepubertal and adult ages. Prenatal E. coli injection did not significantly change birth weight or delivery time, but did delay surface righting and negative geotaxis in pups. Pups in the E. coli group also had a decrease in the number of Purkinje cells, as well as a decrease in Purkinje cell density and volume. HE staining demonstrated a change in Purkinje cell morphology. Calbindin expression was decreased in rats from the E. coli group as well. Locomotor tests indicated that while there were no significant changes in gross motor activity, motor coordination and balance was impaired in both prepubertal and adult rats from the E. coli group. In this model of IUI, we observed changes in Purkinje cell development which were associated with alterations in cerebellum-dependent motor behaviors. The decreases in calbindin and Purkinje cells were associated with developmental delays. These data further support the importance of IUI in brain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Wallace
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA. kwallace2 @ umc.edu
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Holt RJ, Davison T, Dibben S, Taylor J, Kelly PJ, Paul I, Kerr P, Fennell DA, Kennedy RD, James JA. Development of expression based biomarkers in NSCLC: A study of intratumor heterogeneity using FFPE tissue. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e21024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
46
|
Keil J, Weisz N, Paul I, Wienbruch C. Error related fields: localizing the magnetic equivalent of the ERN. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71715-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
47
|
Paul I, Pépin C, Norman MR. Kondo breakdown and hybridization fluctuations in the kondo-heisenberg lattice. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:026402. [PMID: 17358626 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.026402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We study the deconfined quantum critical point of the Kondo-Heisenberg lattice in three dimensions using a fermionic representation for the localized spins. The mean-field phase diagram exhibits a zero temperature quantum critical point separating a spin liquid phase where the hybridization vanishes and a Kondo phase where it does not. Two solutions can be stabilized in the Kondo phase: namely, a uniform hybridization when the band masses of the conduction electrons and the spinons have the same sign, and a modulated one when they have opposite sign. For the uniform case, we show that above a very small temperature scale, the critical fluctuations associated with the vanishing hybridization have dynamical exponent z=3, giving rise to a resistivity that has a TlogT behavior. We also find that the specific heat coefficient diverges logarithmically in temperature, as observed in a number of heavy fermion metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Paul
- SPhT, CEA-Saclay, L'Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Dzero M, Norman MR, Paul I, Pépin C, Schmalian J. Quantum critical end point for the Kondo volume collapse model. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:185701. [PMID: 17155553 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.185701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The Kondo volume collapse describes valence transitions in f-electron metals and is characterized by a line of first order transitions in the pressure-temperature phase plane terminated at critical end points. We analyze the quantum critical end point, when the lower end point is tuned to T=0, and determine the specific heat, thermal expansion, and compressibility. We find that the inclusion of quantum critical fluctuations leads to a novel bifurcation of the first order phase line. Finally, we show that critical strain fluctuations can cause both, superconductivity and non-Fermi liquid behavior near the critical point.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Dzero
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Orr HJ, Christensen H, Smyth B, Dance DAB, Carrington D, Paul I, Stuart JM. Case-control study for risk factors for Q Fever in southwest England and Northern Ireland. Euro Surveill 2006; 11:13-14. [PMID: 29208118 DOI: 10.2807/esm.11.10.00655-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Q fever (Coxiella burnetti) is thought to account for 1% (700 cases) of community acquired pneumonia in the United Kingdom each year, and can result in serious complications such as endocarditis. Although outbreaks have frequently been reported worldwide, the causes are often not clearly identified and there have been few studies of risk factors in sporadic cases.
We conducted a matched case-control study. Cases of acute Q fever in people aged over 15 years in southwest England and Northern Ireland were identified from January 2002 to December 2004. Controls were matched for age, sex and the general practice at which they were registered. Questionnaires asking about contact with animals, and leisure and work activities, were posted to cases and controls.
Questionnaires were completed by 39/50 (78%) of the cases and 90/180 (50%) of the controls. In the single variable analysis, occupational exposure to animals or animal products was the only risk factor associated with cases at the 5% level (P=0.05, odds ratio (OR) 3.4). Long term illness appeared to be significantly protective (P=0.03, OR 0.3). In multivariable analysis the strength of association between occupational exposure and illness remained high (OR 3.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9 to 14.8) and smoking emerged as a possible risk factor.
This is the first case-control study to identify occupational exposure to animals or animal products as the most likely route of infection in sporadic cases as opposed to outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H J Orr
- Health Protection Agency South West, Stonehouse, Gloucestershire, England, United Kingdom
| | - H Christensen
- Health Protection Agency South West, Stonehouse, Gloucestershire, England, United Kingdom
| | - B Smyth
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre Northern Ireland, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - D AB Dance
- Health Protection Agency South West, Stonehouse, Gloucestershire, England, United Kingdom
| | - D Carrington
- Health Protection Agency South West Regional Laboratory, Bristol, England, United Kingdom
| | - I Paul
- Health Protection Agency South West Regional Laboratory, Bristol, England, United Kingdom
| | - J M Stuart
- Health Protection Agency South West, Stonehouse, Gloucestershire, England, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Paul I, Lappin TRJ, Maxwell P, Graham ANJ. Pre-operative plasma erythropoietin concentration and survival following surgery for non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2006; 51:329-34. [PMID: 16412529 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2005.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2005] [Revised: 10/10/2005] [Accepted: 10/31/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suppression of the effect of the hormone erythropoietin (EPO) on the bone marrow, and an inadequate EPO response to anaemia have been shown to be factors in the genesis of cancer related anaemia. Low haemoglobin (Hb) concentration pre-operatively has been shown to have prognostic significance in patients with surgically resected NSCLC. This study investigates the relationship between pre-operative EPO and survival in patients having surgery for NSCLC. METHODS Pre-operative plasma EPO concentration and haemoglobin concentration were analysed in patients undergoing surgery for NSCLC between April 1998 and January 1999. Full follow-up was available for all patients. RESULTS Forty two patients were included. Median EPO concentration was 9.4 mIU/ml, range (3.7-56.4) with 17 patients (40.4%) having values above the normal range. Median haemoglobin concentration was 13.3g/dl (range 8.5-16.8) with 15 patients (26%) anaemic pre-operatively. Pathological staging revealed 17 (40.4%) patients with stage I, 6 (14.3%) with stage II, 19 (45.3%) with stage III disease. Ten patients had irresectable disease. There was a significant difference in median EPO but not haemoglobin concentration, between the different pathological stages. Survival was significantly lower in patients with pre-operative EPO >10.5 mIU. CONCLUSIONS Raised pre-operative EPO is associated with reduced survival in patients having surgery for NSCLC. Its measurement should be considered in the pre-operative assessment of patients undergoing surgery for NSCLC. Further research is required to further investigate the biological relationship between EPO and NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Paul
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, Northern Ireland, Belfast, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|