1
|
Sita A, Birlem GE, de Souza da Silva D, Possamai GM, Petry K, de Almeida PR, Mallmann L, Stein JF, Demoliner M, Gularte JS, Hansen AW, Witt AA, Rigotto C, Fleck JD, Spilki FR, da Rocha DT, Weber MN. Evaluation of Mastadenovirus and Rotavirus Presence in Phyllostomid, Vespertilionid, and Molossid Bats Captured in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Food Environ Virol 2024:10.1007/s12560-023-09575-y. [PMID: 38532064 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-023-09575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Bat-borne viruses may affect public health and the global economy. These mammals have a wide geographical distribution and unique biological, physiological, and immunogenic characteristics, allowing the dissemination of many known and unknown viruses. Enteric viruses, such as adeno (AdV) and rotaviruses, are recognized as the main causative agents of disease and outbreaks. In the present study, the presence of viruses from Adenoviridae and Reoviridae families was evaluated in molossid, phyllostomid, and vespertilionid bats captured in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, between September 2021 and July 2022. Sixty bat rectal swabs were analyzed by PCR. Eight (13.3%) samples were positive for adenovirus and classified as human mastadenovirus C (HAdV-C) (three samples) and HAdV-E (five samples) by sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis. All samples were negative in rotavirus specific RT-PCR. This is the first study to describe the presence of HAdV in samples of Glossophaga soricina, Eptesicus brasiliensis, and Histiotus velatus. Furthermore, the presence of HAdV-E in bats was reported, which is unusual and may suggest that other HAdV genotypes, in addition to HAdV-C, may also be harbored by wild animals. The data generated in the present study reinforces the importance of eco-surveillance of viral agents related to diseases in humans and wild animals. In addition, it is essential to identify possible new hosts or reservoirs that increase the risk of spillover and dissemination of infectious pathogens, helping to prevent and control zoonotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Sita
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Espíndola Birlem
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Deivid de Souza da Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Mattos Possamai
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Karla Petry
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues de Almeida
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
- Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Feevale, Campo Bom, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Feevale, Campo Bom, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Janaína Franciele Stein
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - André Alberto Witt
- Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária, Produção Sustentável e Irrigação Do Rio Grande Do Sul (SEAPI-RS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Rigotto
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
- Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Feevale, Campo Bom, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniela Tonini da Rocha
- Centro de Diagnóstico E Pesquisa Em Patologia Aviária (CDPA), Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil.
- Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Feevale, Campo Bom, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rhoden J, Hoffmann AT, Stein JF, da Silva MS, Gularte JS, Filippi M, Demoliner M, Girardi V, Spilki FR, Fleck JD, Rigotto C. Diversity of Omicron sublineages and clinical characteristics in hospitalized patients in the southernmost state of Brazil. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:193. [PMID: 38350887 PMCID: PMC10863127 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omicron has become the dominant variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) since first reported in November 2021. From the initially detected Wuhan lineage, sublineages BA.2, BA.4, BA.5, BQ, XAG, and XBB have emerged over time and are dominant in many countries. Therefore, the aim is to evaluate which variants are circulating and the clinical characteristics of inpatients infected with the Omicron variant. METHODS This retrospective cohort study selected hospitalized patients admitted with respiratory symptoms to a hospital in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between June and July 2022. SARS-CoV-2 results were analyzed together with clinical outcomes and vaccination status. A viral genome library was prepared and forwarded to the Illumina MiSeq Platform for sequencing. RESULTS In total, 37 genomes were sequenced. Concerning the Omicron sublineages, our study detected: BA.1 (21 K), BA.2 (21 L), BA.4 (22A), BA.5 (22B), BA.2.12.1 (22C), BQ.1 (22E), XBB (22F), and XAG recombinant. Omicron BA.5 (30%), BA.2 (19%), and BQ.1 (19%) were the most frequent sublineages, respectively. In total, 38% of patients present hypertension, and the most common symptoms were coughing (62%). Analyzing the COVID-19 vaccination, 30% of patients were fully vaccinated, 49% had a partial vaccination status, and 21% were unvaccinated (no dose). CONCLUSIONS BA.5 was the most prevalent sublineage in our study and surpassed the predominance of BA.2, as reported by the national genomic surveillance program. BQ.1 was diagnosed earlier in this study than it was officially reported in the state. Current data have demonstrated that the Omicron variant causes less severe infections, with the high rate of transmissibility and mutational landscape causing the rapid emergence of new sublineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Rhoden
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, n. 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Hospital Dom Vicente Scherer, Centro Histórico. Av. Independência, n. 155, CEP 90035-074, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Andressa Taíz Hoffmann
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Hospital Dom Vicente Scherer, Centro Histórico. Av. Independência, n. 155, CEP 90035-074, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Janaína Franciele Stein
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, n. 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, n. 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, n. 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, n. 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, n. 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Viviane Girardi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, n. 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, n. 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, n. 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Rigotto
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, n. 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rhoden J, Hoffmann AT, Stein JF, Rocha BSD, Barros VMD, Silva EVD, Fleck JD, Rigotto C. Viral coinfection in hospitalized patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in Southern Brazil: a retrospective cohort study. Respir Res 2024; 25:71. [PMID: 38317218 PMCID: PMC10840208 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02708-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Since the worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2, different strategies have been followed to combat the pandemic and limit virus transmission. In the meantime, other respiratory viruses continued to circulate, though at decreased rates. METHODS This study was conducted between June and July 2022, in a hospital in the metropolitan region of Rio Grande do Sul state, in the southernmost state of Brazil. The 337 hospitalized patients included those with respiratory symptoms without delimitation of age. Reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction detected 15 different respiratory viruses and confirmed coinfections in the samples. Different statistical tests were applied to evaluate the association between associations of clinical characteristics and coinfection. RESULTS Sampling corresponds to 337 selected and 330 patients analyzed. The principal clinical outcome found was hospital discharge in 309 (94%) cases, while 21 (6%) resulted in death. The principal viral agents related to coinfections were Human rhinovirus, Human enterovirus, and Respiratory syncytial virus. The most frequent viral agent detected was SARS-CoV-2, with 60 (18%) infections, followed by 51 (15%) cases of Respiratory syncytial virus B (15%) and 44 (13%) cases of Human rhinovirus 1. Coinfection was mainly observed in children, while adults and the elderly were more affected by a single infection. Analyzing COVID-19 vaccination, 175 (53%) were unvaccinated while the remainder had at least one dose of the vaccine. CONCLUSIONS This study presents information to update the understanding of viral circulation in the region. Furthermore, the findings clarify the behavior of viral infections and possible coinfections in hospitalized patients, considering different ages and clinical profiles. In addition, this knowledge can help to monitor the population's clinical manifestations and prevent future outbreaks of respiratory viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Rhoden
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N◦ 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil.
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Hospital Dom Vicente Scherer, Centro Histórico, Av. Independência, Nº 155, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP 90035- 074, Brazil.
| | - Andressa Taíz Hoffmann
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Hospital Dom Vicente Scherer, Centro Histórico, Av. Independência, Nº 155, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP 90035- 074, Brazil
| | - Janaína Franciele Stein
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N◦ 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Bruna Seixas da Rocha
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N◦ 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Monteagudo de Barros
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N◦ 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Viegas da Silva
- Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde do Rio Grande Do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 5400, Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP 90450-190, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N◦ 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Caroline Rigotto
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N◦ 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rodrigues VB, Menezes JM, da Silva LC, Müller I, Mallmann L, Hermann BS, Menezes C, Brucker N, da Vida RL, Picada JN, Boaretto FBM, Schneider A, Linden R, Zanella R, Fleck JD, Charão MF. Caenorhabditis elegans as a suitable model to evaluate the toxicity of water from Rolante River, southern Brazil. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfad117. [PMID: 38178995 PMCID: PMC10762661 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Urbanization and agricultural activities increased environmental contaminants. Integrated analysis of water parameters and bioassays represents an essential approach to evaluating aquatic resource quality. This study aimed to assess water quality by microbiological and physicochemical parameters as well as the toxicological effects of water samples on the Ames test and Caenorhabditis elegans model. Samples were collected during (collection 1) and after (collection 2) pesticide application in the upper (S1), middle (S2), and lower (S3) sections of the Rolante River, southern Brazil. Metals were determined by GFAAS and pesticides by UPLC-MS/MS. Bioassays using the Ames test and the nematode C. elegans were performed. Levels of microbiological parameters, as well as Mn and Cu were higher than the maximum allowed limits established by legislation in collection 2 compared to collection 1. The presence of pesticide was observed in both collections; higher levels were found in collection 1. No mutagenic effect was detected. Significant inhibition of body length of C. elegans was found in collection 1 at S2 (P < 0.001) and S3 (P < 0.001) and in collection 2 at S2 (P = 0.004). Comparing the same sampling site between collections, a significant difference was found between the site of collection (F(3,6)=8.75, P = 0.01) and the time of collection (F(1,2)=28.61, P = 0.03), for the S2 and S3 samples. C. elegans model was useful for assessing surface water quality/toxicity. Results suggest that an integrated analysis for the surface water status could be beneficial for future approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Bley Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Júlia Machado Menezes
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Laura Cé da Silva
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Isadora Müller
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Post-graduation in Virology, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Bruna Saraiva Hermann
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Post-graduation in Virology, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Charlene Menezes
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Natália Brucker
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Roselaine L da Vida
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Nascimento Picada
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS 92425-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Brião Menezes Boaretto
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS 92425-900, Brazil
| | - Anelise Schneider
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Linden
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Pesticide Residue Analysis Laboratory (LARP), Chemistry Department, Analytical Chemistry Sector, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Post-graduation in Virology, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Mariele Feiffer Charão
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gularte JS, Sacchetto L, Demoliner M, Girardi V, da Silva MS, Filippi M, Pereira VMDAG, Hansen AW, da Silva LL, Fleck JD, de Almeida PR, Nogueira ML, Spilki FR. DENV-1 genotype V linked to the 2022 dengue epidemic in Southern Brazil. J Clin Virol 2023; 168:105599. [PMID: 37751628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Even though Brazil is a country where the dengue virus (DENV) is endemic, until recently, Southern states did not have significant viral circulation, such as Rio Grande do Sul (RS), and some municipalities were even considered dengue-free. During 2022, these places have shown a sharp increase in the incidence of the disease, apparently following a worldwide growth pattern. Therefore, in this study, we monitor and characterize the genetic diversity of DENV circulating in southern Brazil through next-generation sequencing during an outbreak in 2022. We generated 70 DENV-1 genome sequences, all characterized as genotype V, divided into two clade clusters in the L1 lineage. Furthermore, unique mutations have been described in each clade of L1 lineage. Our results are essential in managing outbreaks since these data provide important information during the emergence of DENV circulation in RS. Since the south of Brazil has a lower viral circulation when compared to other Brazilian states, RS still lacks data that can help in understanding the transmission, dissemination, and evolution of the dengue virus. Hence, genomic surveillance efforts are essential to increase the accuracy of preventive actions and to control viral dissemination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Schons Gularte
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Rodovia ERS-239, n° 2755, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
| | - Lívia Sacchetto
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia. Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, Vila São José, CEP 15090000, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Rodovia ERS-239, n° 2755, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Viviane Girardi
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Rodovia ERS-239, n° 2755, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Rodovia ERS-239, n° 2755, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Rodovia ERS-239, n° 2755, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Rodovia ERS-239, n° 2755, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Rodovia ERS-239, n° 2755, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues de Almeida
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Rodovia ERS-239, n° 2755, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Maurício Lacerda Nogueira
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia. Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, Vila São José, CEP 15090000, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Rodovia ERS-239, n° 2755, Vila Nova, CEP 93525-075, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Girardi V, Gularte JS, Demoliner M, da Silva MS, Filippi M, de Abreu Góes Pereira VM, Hansen AW, Rosa RB, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. Reinfection by SARS-CoV-2 by divergent Omicron sublineages, 16 days apart. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1847-1851. [PMID: 37269428 PMCID: PMC10239041 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, studies on the variants and sublineages stand out, mainly in the cases of reinfection in a short period. In this study, we describe a case of infection by BA.1.1 sublineage in an individual from Southern Brazil. The same patient acquired reinfection with sublineage BA.2 within 16 days after the first detection. The viral extraction and RT-qPCR were performed on the samples LMM72045 (collected in May 2022) and LMM72044 (collected in June 2022). After the confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we conducted the sequencing and viral genome analysis. This case of reinfection affected a 52-year-old male patient, without comorbidities, with three doses of vaccines against COVID-19, showing symptoms on May 19. These symptoms lasted for approximately six days. The patient returned to work activities on May 30. However, on June 4, the patient felt a new round of clinical signs that lasted for approximately seven days. Analysis of the viral genomes recovered from patients' clinical samples revealed that the two COVID-19 episodes were related to two divergent VOC Omicron sublineages, namely, BA.1.1 for the first round of symptoms and BA.2 for the second infection. Based on our findings, we can say that the present case of reinfection is the shortest described so far.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Girardi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N° 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N° 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N° 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N° 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N° 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Góes Pereira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N° 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N° 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Raquel Borba Rosa
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N° 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, N° 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, Sala 103, Vila Nova, CEP, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Filippi M, Ribeiro Amorim M, Soares da Silva M, Schons Gularte J, Demoliner M, Girardi V, de Abreu Goes Pereira VM, Witt Hansen A, Fleck JD, Frohlich J, de-Paris F, Motta Rodrigues G, Aparecida Risczik Arruda Correa J, Machado Arlindo De Mattos E, Minuto Paiva R, Deutschendorf C, Soares Falcetta F, Proença Modena JL, Rosado Spilki F. Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Intra-Patient Viral Evolution in an Immunodeficient Child. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2023; 42:212-217. [PMID: 36728777 PMCID: PMC9935232 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the progression of the Coronavirus disease pandemic, the number of mutations in the viral genome has increased, showing the adaptive evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in humans and intensification in transmissibility. Long-term infections also allow the development of viral diversity. In this study, we report the case of a child with severe combined immu presenting a prolonged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. We aimed to analyze 3 naso-oropharyngeal swab samples collected between August and December 2021 to describe the amino acid changes present in the sequence reads that may have a role in the emergence of new viral variants. METHODS The whole genome from clinical samples was sequenced through high throughput sequencing and analyzed using a workflow to map reads and then find variations/single-nucleotide polymorphisms. In addition, the samples were isolated in cell culture, and a plaque forming units assay was performed, which indicates the presence of viable viral particles. RESULTS The results obtained showed that the virus present in all samples is infectious. Also, there were 20 common mutations among the 3 sequence reads, found in the ORF1ab and ORF10 proteins. As well, a considerable number of uncommon mutations were found. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we emphasize that genomic surveillance can be a useful tool to assess possible evolution signals in long-term patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Micheli Filippi
- From the Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Departamento de Virologia, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mariene Ribeiro Amorim
- Laboratório de Vírus Emergentes, Departamento de Genética, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- From the Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Departamento de Virologia, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- From the Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Departamento de Virologia, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- From the Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Departamento de Virologia, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Viviane Girardi
- From the Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Departamento de Virologia, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Alana Witt Hansen
- From the Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Departamento de Virologia, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise. Fleck
- From the Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Departamento de Virologia, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Júlia Frohlich
- From the Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Departamento de Virologia, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de-Paris
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - José Luiz Proença Modena
- Laboratório de Vírus Emergentes, Departamento de Genética, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- From the Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Departamento de Virologia, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nunes CC, Sita A, Mallmann L, Birlem GE, de Mattos LG, Da Silva DH, Furlanetto KO, Hansen AW, De Almeida PR, Fleck JD, Spilki FR, de Matos Almeida SE, Weber MN. HIV-1 genetic diversity and transmitted drug resistance to integrase strand transfer inhibitors among recently diagnosed adults in Porto Alegre, South Brazil. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:3510-3514. [PMID: 36272141 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The HIV-1 genetic diversity and the presence of transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRMs) against integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) were assessed sequencing samples of antiretroviral (ARV)-naive HIV-1-infected individuals from South Brazil. METHODS Viral RNA from 42 ART-naive individuals was submitted to complete HIV-1 integrase gene amplification by RT-PCR and sequencing. RESULTS Viral strains carrying TDRMs against INSTIs were not detected in the present study. However, the polymorphisms L74M and L74I were each observed in 4.8% of the individuals. These accessory mutations have been reported as putative causes of TDRMs in ART with raltegravir, but only when associated with additional major mutations. When submitted to HIV-1 subtyping, 50% were classified as subtype C, 21% as recombinant BC, 19% as subtype B, 4.8% as subtype F1 and 4.8% as recombinant CF1. CONCLUSIONS All 42 ARV-naive individuals were apparently susceptible to INSTIs, included in the Brazilian therapeutic guideline since 2009. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate TDRMs against INSTIs in Brazil. The most prevalent HIV-1 subtypes were subtype C, followed by the recombinant BC and subtype B, which is in agreement with previous studies. However, the presence of subtype F1 and recombinant CF1 reported herein was not observed in previous studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynara Carvalho Nunes
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.,Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE) Santa Marta, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Sita
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Espindola Birlem
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Gomes de Mattos
- Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE) Santa Marta, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daila Haemk Da Silva
- Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE) Santa Marta, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karen Oliveira Furlanetto
- Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE) Santa Marta, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues De Almeida
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gularte JS, da Silva MS, Filippi M, Demoliner M, Schallenberger K, Hansen AW, de Abreu Góes Pereira VM, Heldt FH, Girardi V, Weber MN, de Almeida PR, Abbadi BL, Dornelles M, Bizarro CV, Machado P, Basso LA, Dellagostin OA, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. Viral isolation allows characterization of early samples of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B1.1.33 with unique mutations (S: H655Y and T63N) circulating in Southern Brazil in 2020. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1313-1319. [PMID: 35778549 PMCID: PMC9428868 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Different approaches are in use to improve our knowledge about the causative agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Cell culture-based methods are the better way to perform viral isolation, evaluate viral infectivity, and amplify the virus. Furthermore, next-generation sequencing (NGS) have been essential to analyze a complete genome and to describe new viral species and lineages that have arisen over time. Four naso-oropharyngeal swab samples, collected from April to July of 2020, were isolated and sequenced aiming to produce viral stocks and analyze the mutational profile of the found lineage. B.1.1.33 was the lineage detected in all sequences. Although the samples belong to the same lineage, it was possible to evaluate different mutations found including some that were first described in these sequences, like the S:H655Y and T63N. The results described here can help to elicit how the pandemic started to spread and how it has been evolving in south Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Schons Gularte
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Karoline Schallenberger
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | | | - Fágner Henrique Heldt
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Viviane Girardi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues de Almeida
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lopes Abbadi
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular E Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619900, Brazil
| | - Maiele Dornelles
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular E Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619900, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Valim Bizarro
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular E Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619900, Brazil
| | - Pablo Machado
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular E Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Augusto Basso
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular E Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619900, Brazil
| | - Odir Antonio Dellagostin
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, nº 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sartor ITS, Varela FH, Meireles MR, Kern LB, Azevedo TR, Giannini GLT, da Silva MS, Demoliner M, Gularte JS, de Almeida PR, Fleck JD, Zavaglia GO, Fernandes IR, de David CN, Santos AP, de Almeida WAF, Porto VBG, Scotta MC, Vieira GF, Spilki FR, Stein RT, Polese-Bonatto M. Y380Q novel mutation in receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein together with C379W interfere in the neutralizing antibodies interaction. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 102:115636. [PMID: 35219552 PMCID: PMC8761118 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2022.115636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to describe the SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating early pandemic among samples with S gene dropout and characterize the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of viral spike protein. Adults and children older than 2 months with signs and symptoms of COVID-19 were prospectively enrolled from May to October in Porto Alegre, Brazil. All participants performed RT-PCR assay, and samples with S gene dropout and cycle threshold < 30 were submitted to high-throughput sequencing (HTS). 484 out of 1,557 participants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. The S gene dropout was detected in 7.4% (36/484) and a peak was observed in August. The B.1.1.28, B.1.91 and B.1.1.33 lineages were circulating in early pandemic. The RBD novel mutation (Y380Q) was found in one sample occurring simultaneously with C379W and V395A, and the B.1.91 lineage in the spike protein. The Y380Q and C379W may interfere with the binding of neutralizing antibodies (CR3022, EY6A, H014, S304).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda Hammes Varela
- Social Responsibility, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil; School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Rost Meireles
- Genetics Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade FEEVALE, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade FEEVALE, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Amanda Paz Santos
- Social Responsibility, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Comerlato Scotta
- Social Responsibility, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil; School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Fioravanti Vieira
- Genetics Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Health and Human Development, Universidade La Salle, Canoas, Brazil
| | | | - Renato T Stein
- Social Responsibility, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil; School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Demoliner M, da Silva MS, Gularte JS, Hansen AW, de Almeida PR, Weber MN, Heldt FH, Silveira F, Filippi M, de Abreu Góes Pereira VM, da Silva FP, Mallmann L, Fink P, de Moura Valim AR, Possuelo LG, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. Predominance of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 (Gamma) lineage inducing the recent COVID-19 wave in southern Brazil and the finding of an additional S: D614A mutation. Infect Genet Evol 2021; 96:105134. [PMID: 34763050 PMCID: PMC8575543 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the highest wave of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic occurred since the beginning of the pandemic in Brazil was registered in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) State, Southern Brazil, considering the number of cases, deaths and hospitalization per day caused by COVID-19. In this study we described which lineages were circulating in the first quarter of 2021 in Southern Brazil to better understand the viral factors involved in the health crisis caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the region, searching also for possible additional SARS-CoV-2 sequence mutations. A total of 70 positive SARS-CoV-2 samples collected between January 28th, 2021 until April 23rd, 2021, were selected to sequencing. Whole genome sequencing of 70 SARS-CoV-2 samples showed a predominance of Gamma lineage (67%, 47/70), followed by P.2 lineage (27%, 19/70) and B.1.1.28 (6%, 4/70). Two Gamma lineage consensus sequences presented a new S:D614A mutation. Newly mutations could be emerging due the quick SARS-CoV-2 spreading. Thus, the greater understanding about immune protection and variants vigilance is essential to the better management of the health SARS-CoV-2 crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meriane Demoliner
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fágner Henrique Heldt
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flávio Silveira
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Francini Pereira da Silva
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pietra Fink
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gularte JS, da Silva MS, Demoliner M, Hansen AW, Heldt FH, Silveira F, Filippi M, Pereira VMDAG, da Silva FP, Mallmann L, Fink P, Laux JL, Weber MN, de Almeida PR, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. Reinfection cases by closely related SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Southern Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1881-1885. [PMID: 34562232 PMCID: PMC8475897 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00621-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the pandemic that started in late 2019 and still affects people's lives all over the world. Lack of protective immunity after primary infection has been involved with reported reinfection cases by SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we described two cases of reinfection caused by non-VOC (Variants of Concern) strains in southern Brazil, being one patient a healthcare worker. The four samples previously positive for SARS-CoV-2 by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were sequenced by a high-performance platform and the genomic analysis confirmed that lineages responsible for infections were B.1.91 and B.1.1.33 (patient 1), and B.1.1.33 and B.1.1.28 (patient 2). The interval between the two positive RT-qPCR for patients 1 and 2 was 45 and 61 days, respectively. This data shows that patients may be reinfected even by very closely related SARS-CoV-2 lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Schons Gularte
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Soares da Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Fágner Henrique Heldt
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Flávio Silveira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Góes Pereira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Francini Pereira da Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Pietra Fink
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Luísa Laux
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues de Almeida
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, Nº 2755, Prédio Vermelho, Piso 1, sala 103, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 93525-075, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
da Silva MS, Demoliner M, Hansen AW, Gularte JS, Silveira F, Heldt FH, Filippi M, Pereira VMDAG, da Silva FP, Mallmann L, Fink P, da Silva LL, Weber MN, de Almeida PR, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 variant in Southern Brazil and reinfection of the same patient by P.2. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2021; 63:e58. [PMID: 34231823 PMCID: PMC8266303 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202163058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple variants of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2) have been constantly reported across the world. The B.1.1.28 lineage has been evolving in Brazil since February 2020 and originated the P.1 variant of concern (VOC), recently named as the Gamma variant by the newly WHO nomenclature proposal, and P.2 as a variant of interest (VOI). Here we describe an early case of P.1 primary infection in Southern Brazil in late November 2020, soon after the emergence of the variant in Manaus, Northern Brazil. The same male patient was reinfected by another B.1.1.28 variant, namely P.2, in March, 2021. The genomic analysis confirmed genetically significant differences between the two viruses recovered in both infections, the P.1 lineage in the first episode and P.2 in the reinfection. Due the very early detection of P.1, we have also investigated the circulation of P.1 in the same region by differential RT-qPCR, showing that this was an isolated case of P.1 at the time of detection, and this variant has disseminated and became prominent from late January to the end of March, 2021. SARS-CoV-2 recent reports of reinfection have raised critical questions on whether and how well a first infection protects against reinfection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Soares da Silva
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flávio Silveira
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fágner Henrique Heldt
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Francini Pereira da Silva
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pietra Fink
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Eisen AKA, Gularte JS, Demoliner M, de Abreu Goés Pereira VM, Heldt FH, Filippi M, de Almeida PR, Hansen AW, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. Low circulation of Influenza A and coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 among other respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic in a region of southern Brazil. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4392-4398. [PMID: 33829531 PMCID: PMC8250881 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
With the arrival of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Brazil in February 2020, several preventive measures were taken by the population aiming to avoid severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection including the use of masks, social distancing, and frequent hand washing then, these measures may have contributed to preventing infection also by other respiratory viruses. Our goal was to determine the frequencies of Influenza A and B viruses (FLUAV/FLUBV), human mastadenovirus C (HAdV-C), Enterovirus 68 (EV-68), and rhinovirus (RV) besides SARS-CoV-2 among hospitalized patients suspect of COVID-19 with cases of acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS) in the period of March to December 2020 and to detect possible coinfections among them. Nucleic acid detection was performed using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in respiratory samples using naso-oropharyngeal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage. A total of 418 samples of the 987 analyzed (42.3%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2, 16 (1.62%) samples were positive for FLUAV, no sample was positive for FLUBV or EV-68, 67 (6.78%) samples were positive for HAdV-C, 55 samples were positive for RV 1/2 (26.3%) and 37 for RV 2/2 (13.6%). Coinfections were also detected, including a triple coinfection with SARS-CoV-2, FLUAV, and HAdV-C. In the present work, a very low frequency of FLUV was reported among hospitalized patients with ARDS compared to the past years, probably due to preventive measures taken to avoid COVID-19 and the high influenza vaccination coverage in the region in which this study was performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karolina Antunes Eisen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade FeevaleNovo HamburgoRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade FeevaleNovo HamburgoRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade FeevaleNovo HamburgoRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | | | - Fágner Henrique Heldt
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade FeevaleNovo HamburgoRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Micheli Filippi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade FeevaleNovo HamburgoRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues de Almeida
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade FeevaleNovo HamburgoRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade FeevaleNovo HamburgoRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade FeevaleNovo HamburgoRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade FeevaleNovo HamburgoRio Grande do SulBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Franceschi VB, Caldana GD, de Menezes Mayer A, Cybis GB, Neves CAM, Ferrareze PAG, Demoliner M, de Almeida PR, Gularte JS, Hansen AW, Weber MN, Fleck JD, Zimerman RA, Kmetzsch L, Spilki FR, Thompson CE. Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Esteio, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:371. [PMID: 34016042 PMCID: PMC8136996 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07708-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brazil is the third country most affected by Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but viral evolution in municipality resolution is still poorly understood in Brazil and it is crucial to understand the epidemiology of viral spread. We aimed to track molecular evolution and spread of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Esteio (Southern Brazil) using phylogenetics and phylodynamics inferences from 21 new genomes in global and regional context. Importantly, the case fatality rate (CFR) in Esteio (3.26%) is slightly higher compared to the Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state (2.56%) and the entire Brazil (2.74%). RESULTS We provided a comprehensive view of mutations from a representative sampling from May to October 2020, highlighting two frequent mutations in spike glycoprotein (D614G and V1176F), an emergent mutation (E484K) in spike Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) characteristic of the B.1.351 and P.1 lineages, and the adjacent replacement of 2 amino acids in Nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (R203K and G204R). E484K was found in two genomes from mid-October, which is the earliest description of this mutation in Southern Brazil. Lineages containing this substitution must be subject of intense surveillance due to its association with immune evasion. We also found two epidemiologically-related clusters, including one from patients of the same neighborhood. Phylogenetics and phylodynamics analysis demonstrates multiple introductions of the Brazilian most prevalent lineages (B.1.1.33 and B.1.1.248) and the establishment of Brazilian lineages ignited from the Southeast to other Brazilian regions. CONCLUSIONS Our data show the value of correlating clinical, epidemiological and genomic information for the understanding of viral evolution and its spatial distribution over time. This is of paramount importance to better inform policy making strategies to fight COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Bonetti Franceschi
- Center of Biotechnology, Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology (PPGBCM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Dickin Caldana
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda de Menezes Mayer
- Center of Biotechnology, Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology (PPGBCM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Bettella Cybis
- Department of Statistics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Andretta Moreira Neves
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Aline Gröhs Ferrareze
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Lívia Kmetzsch
- Center of Biotechnology, Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology (PPGBCM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Elizabeth Thompson
- Center of Biotechnology, Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology (PPGBCM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Department of Pharmacosciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 245/200C Sarmento Leite St, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mallmann L, Hermann BS, Schallenberger K, Demoliner M, Eisen AKA, Heldt FH, Gularte JS, Hansen AW, de Almeida PR, Weber MN, Spilki FR, Fleck JD. Proteinase K treatment in absence of RNA isolation classical procedures is a quick and cheaper alternative for SARS-CoV-2 molecular detection. J Virol Methods 2021; 293:114131. [PMID: 33798606 PMCID: PMC8008826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared a pandemic of COVID-19, the disease caused by the recently described SARS-CoV-2. The relevance and importance of mass diagnosis in order to find the asymptomatic individuals is widely recognized as a mandatory tool to reinforce the control measures for monitoring virus circulation and reduce the spreading of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we described quickness and cheaper strategies of direct RT-qPCR (in the absence of RNA isolation) and compared the results to those obtained using standard RNA isolation procedure. The tests varied using pure, diluted samples, combined with Proteinase K (PK) or Lysis Buffer. Our findings showed consistently that PK pre-treated samples in the absence of RNA extraction procedures presents similar results to those obtained by standard RNA isolation procedures. On average, 16 samples extracted with the MagMAX™ CORE Kit, take around 2 h, costing an average of USD 5, the pre-treatment of samples using PK, on the other hand, would cut the value to less than USD 0.30 and reduce the time of procedure in more than 1 ½ hours. The present study suggests the use of PK treatment instead of RNA isolation in order to reduce costs and time in processing samples for molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Mallmann
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - B S Hermann
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - K Schallenberger
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - M Demoliner
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - A K A Eisen
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - F H Heldt
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - J S Gularte
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - A W Hansen
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - P R de Almeida
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - M N Weber
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - F R Spilki
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - J D Fleck
- Laboratório De Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Demoliner M, Gularte JS, Girardi V, de Almeida PR, Weber MN, Eisen AKA, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: A perspective from environmental virology. Genet Mol Biol 2021; 44:e20200228. [PMID: 33710254 PMCID: PMC7961391 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
December 2019 marked the beginning of the current Coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19). Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the causative agent of a viral pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The alarming spread levels and clinical severity elevated the status of COVID-19 to the global pandemic by the World Health Organization. In 6 months, more than 25 million cases of infected people and more than 890,000 deaths by COVID-19 had been reported worldwide. The main goal of this review is to shed light upon the current COVID-19 epidemic situation in Brazil with a health approach highlighting some unique environmental, animal and epidemiological aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meriane Demoliner
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Schons Gularte
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Viviane Girardi
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Rodrigues de Almeida
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Mestrado Acadêmico em Virologia, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Karolina Antunes Eisen
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Mestrado Acadêmico em Virologia, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Mestrado Acadêmico em Virologia, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Universidade Feevale, Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Feevale, Mestrado Acadêmico em Virologia, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Francisco RDS, Benites LF, Lamarca AP, de Almeida LGP, Hansen AW, Gularte JS, Demoliner M, Gerber AL, de C Guimarães AP, Antunes AKE, Heldt FH, Mallmann L, Hermann B, Ziulkoski AL, Goes V, Schallenberger K, Fillipi M, Pereira F, Weber MN, de Almeida PR, Fleck JD, Vasconcelos ATR, Spilki FR. Pervasive transmission of E484K and emergence of VUI-NP13L with evidence of SARS-CoV-2 co-infection events by two different lineages in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Virus Res 2021; 296:198345. [PMID: 33631222 PMCID: PMC7898980 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 lineages are under the spotlight of the media, scientific community and governments. Recent reports of novel variants in the United Kingdom, South Africa and Brazil (B.1.1.28-E484K) have raised intense interest because of a possible higher transmission rate or resistance to the novel vaccines. Nevertheless, the spread of B.1.1.28 (E484K) and other variants in Brazil is still unknown. In this work, we investigated the population structure and genomic complexity of SARS-CoV-2 in Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost state in Brazil. Most samples sequenced belonged to the B.1.1.28 (E484K) lineage, demonstrating its widespread dispersion. We were the first to identify two independent events of co-infection caused by the occurrence of B.1.1.28 (E484K) with either B.1.1.248 or B.1.91 lineages. Also, clustering analysis revealed the occurrence of a novel cluster of samples circulating in the state (named VUI-NP13L) characterized by 12 lineage-defining mutations. In light of the evidence for E484K dispersion, co-infection and emergence of VUI-NP13 L in Rio Grande do Sul, we reaffirm the importance of establishing strict and effective social distancing measures to counter the spread of potentially more hazardous SARS-CoV-2 strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - L Felipe Benites
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alessandra P Lamarca
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Luiz G P de Almeida
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandra L Gerber
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de C Guimarães
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Fagner Henrique Heldt
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bruna Hermann
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Ziulkoski
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vyctoria Goes
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Micheli Fillipi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Francini Pereira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular,Universidade Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Tereza R Vasconcelos
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, Brazil.
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fleck JD, Betti AH, da Silva FP, Troian EA, Olivaro C, Ferreira F, Verza SG. Saponins from Quillaja saponaria and Quillaja brasiliensis: Particular Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activities. Molecules 2019; 24:E171. [PMID: 30621160 PMCID: PMC6337100 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quillaja saponaria Molina represents the main source of saponins for industrial applications. Q. saponaria triterpenoids have been studied for more than four decades and their relevance is due to their biological activities, especially as a vaccine adjuvant and immunostimulant, which have led to important research in the field of vaccine development. These saponins, alone or incorporated into immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs), are able to modulate immunity by increasing antigen uptake, stimulating cytotoxic T lymphocyte production (Th1) and cytokines (Th2) in response to different antigens. Furthermore, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, antiparasitic, and antitumor activities are also reported as important biological properties of Quillaja triterpenoids. Recently, other saponins from Q. brasiliensis (A. St.-Hill. & Tul.) Mart. were successfully tested and showed similar chemical and biological properties to those of Q. saponaria barks. The aim of this manuscript is to summarize the current advances in phytochemical and pharmacological knowledge of saponins from Quillaja plants, including the particular chemical characteristics of these triterpenoids. The potential applications of Quillaja saponins to stimulate further drug discovery research will be provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Deise Fleck
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, RS, Brazil.
| | - Andresa Heemann Betti
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, RS, Brazil.
| | - Francini Pereira da Silva
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, RS, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Artur Troian
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, RS, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Olivaro
- Science and Chemical Technology Department, University Center of Tacuarembó, Udelar, Tacuarembó 45000, Uruguay.
| | - Fernando Ferreira
- Organic Chemistry Department, Carbohydrates and Glycoconjugates Laboratory, Udelar, Mondevideo 11600, Uruguay.
| | - Simone Gasparin Verza
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chiamenti L, Silva FPD, Schallemberger K, Demoliner M, Rigotto C, Fleck JD. Cytotoxicity and antiviral activity evaluation of Cymbopogon spp hydroethanolic extracts. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902019000118063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
|
21
|
Peteffi GP, Fleck JD, Kael IM, Girardi V, Bündchen R, Krajeski DM, Demoliner M, Silva FP, da Rosa DC, Antunes MV, Linden R. Caffeine levels as a predictor of Human mastadenovirus presence in surface waters-a case study in the Sinos River basin-Brazil. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:15774-15784. [PMID: 29582324 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1649-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The presence of caffeine in environmental water samples is almost entirely human-related, given that there are virtually no industrial or agricultural releases. Caffeine has already been proposed as an anthropogenic marker for wastewater contamination of surface waters. The aim of this study was to evaluate if caffeine concentrations in water can be a predictor of virological and bacteriological contamination. Water samples were taken at three sampling sites from urban water streams from the hydrographic basin of the Sinos River (Brazil) monthly in the period of May 9th, 2016 to April 11th, 2017 (n = 36). Concentrations of Human mastadenovirus (HAdV-F and HAdV-C), fecal coliforms, and caffeine were measured in all collected samples. Concentrations of caffeine in water were strongly correlated with HAdV-F (rs = 0.704, p = 0.000). This study, for the first time, characterized caffeine concentrations in water as predictors of virus presence, with cut-off values presenting 92.9% specificity and 95.5% sensitivity for HAdV-F and 66.7% specificity and 80% sensitivity for HAdV-C. Considering its marked chemical stability and ease of quantification, caffeine concentrations can be used as a comprehensive marker of human contamination of water resources, also being predictive of bacteriological and virological concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Piva Peteffi
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Environmental Quality, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil.
- , Novo Hamburgo, Brazil.
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Graduate Program in Environmental Quality, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Igor Mendes Kael
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Viviane Girardi
- Graduate Program in Environmental Quality, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Raquel Bündchen
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Daiane Metz Krajeski
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Meriane Demoliner
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Francini Pereira Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Débora Couto da Rosa
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Marina Venzon Antunes
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Linden
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Quality, Universidade Feevale, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93352-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Damush TM, Mackey J, Saha C, Slaven J, Myers L, Lincoln F, Nicholas G, Blackwell L, Fleck JD, Thomas K, Ivan C, Williams LS. Abstract TMP46: Stroke Self-management Effectiveness Trial. Stroke 2018. [DOI: 10.1161/str.49.suppl_1.tmp46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Given the lack of patient-centered, self-care programs after stroke, we designed a stroke self-management program based upon social cognitive theory and stakeholder input.
Objectives:
We conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of the program after stroke on stroke specific, quality of life, SSQOL, and maintenance at 1 year.
Methods:
We enrolled 258 participants within 90 days of a stroke, on average, stratified by stroke, n=218, or TIA, n=40, and by VA and nonVA healthcare systems. The program included telephone case management, support groups, and booster calls. Outcomes of SSQoL, PHQ9, self-efficacy were assessed at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months. We compared the intervention to usual care using linear mixed effects modeling.
Results:
We delivered the program with high fidelity: 16/19 elements were delivered to > 90%. Our sample included 19% women with an average age of 61.7 years with an average NIHSS=3. At 3 months, the groups did not differ. However, at 6 months, we report an adjusted intervention effect on mean change in total SSQoL, m=0.30, compared to usual care m=0.16, p< 0.05. We found a significant interaction effect, p<0.01, on the total SSQoL changes across the categories of the NIHSS stroke severity. We saw the largest change in the minor stroke impairment group. Moreover, we found significant intervention effects on the self-efficacy to manage stroke health p<0.04 and physical functioning domain, p<0.03. At 12 months, the group differences were no longer significant.
Conclusions:
A stroke self-management program is effective for improving the health-related quality of life, self-efficacy to manage health and physical functioning of patients after an acute stroke during the first six months post discharge. Long term maintenance may need additional support and resources. Finally, our results remained significant after adjusting for the healthcare system, patient demographics and whether the acute event was a stroke or TIA. Thus, healthcare systems may consider implementing such programs as patients transition after the acute health event.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa M Damush
- PRISM QUERI Cntr & Health Services Rsch Cntr, Richard L. Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Jason Mackey
- Neurology, Indiana Univ Sch of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Chandan Saha
- Biostatistics, Indiana Univ Sch of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - James Slaven
- Biostatistics, Indiana Univ Sch of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Laura Myers
- PRISM QUERI Cntr & Health Services Rsch Cntr, Richard L Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Flossy Lincoln
- PRISM QUERI Cntr & Health Services Rsch Cntr, Richard L Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | - Layne Blackwell
- PRISM QUERI Cntr & Health Services Rsch Cntr, Richard L Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis, IN
| | - JD Fleck
- Neurology, Indiana Univ Health, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Kurian Thomas
- Jesse Brown Veterans Administration Med Cntr and the Univ of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Linda S Williams
- PRISM QUERI Cntr & Health Services Rsch Cntr, Richard L Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis, IN
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Fabres RB, da Luz RB, Soliman MC, Staggemeier R, Fleck JD, Nascimento CAD, Nascimento FTD, Spilki FR. Evaluation of virus recovery methods and efficiency of tannin-derived coagulants in removing total coliforms, E. coli and enteric viruses in effluents of a domestic sewage treatment plant. Water Sci Technol 2017; 76:2195-2202. [PMID: 29068349 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, nine coagulants having potential to be used for sewage treatment were compared to assess their efficiency in removing total coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli and adenovirus. The coagulants tested were metallic and organic and their efficiency was compared when treating samples of raw and treated sewage (activated sludge). Before the efficiency tests of the coagulants, viral concentration methods were compared. Coagulation tests were carried out by using the jar-test system and the doses used ranged from 100 ppm to 1,000 ppm. Viral DNA was extracted and subjected to real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using primers for the gene of AdV hexon. Aluminum sulfate (1,000 ppm) presented the best results for raw sewage among metal coagulants whereas Acquapol® C118 and WW (1,000 ppm) had the most satisfactory results among organic coagulants, both reducing up to 7 logs for coliforms and 4 logs for virus. For the treated effluent, FeCl2 (1,000 ppm) presented best results for metal coagulants, whereas, from organic coagulants, the best removal rates were for Acquapol® 893/11 (1,000 ppm), both reducing up to 3 logs for coliforms and 4 logs for virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Bandeira Fabres
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular da Universidade Feevale-RS, ERS 239, 2755 - Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93525-075, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Roger Bordin da Luz
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular da Universidade Feevale-RS, ERS 239, 2755 - Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93525-075, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Mayra Cristina Soliman
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular da Universidade Feevale-RS, ERS 239, 2755 - Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93525-075, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Rodrigo Staggemeier
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular da Universidade Feevale-RS, ERS 239, 2755 - Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93525-075, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular da Universidade Feevale-RS, ERS 239, 2755 - Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93525-075, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Carlos Augusto do Nascimento
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular da Universidade Feevale-RS, ERS 239, 2755 - Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93525-075, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Felipe Tiago do Nascimento
- Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Limpas da Universidade Feevale - RS, ERS 239, 2755 - Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular da Universidade Feevale-RS, ERS 239, 2755 - Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93525-075, Brazil E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Monteiro GS, Fleck JD, Kluge M, Rech NK, Soliman MC, Staggemeier R, Rodrigues MT, Barros MP, Heinzelmann LS, Spilki FR. Adenoviruses of canine and human origins in stool samples from free-living pampas foxes (Lycalopex gymnocercus) and crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) in São Francisco de Paula, Rio dos Sinos basin. BRAZ J BIOL 2015; 75:11-6. [PMID: 26270208 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of enteric viruses of domestic animals and human beings to wild species can be facilitated by the resistance of these viruses on the environment and their ability to be transmitted by water and contaminated food. The health status of the populations of pampas foxes Lycalopex gymnocercus) and crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) is largely unknown and the landscapes occupied by these animals in southern Brazil have been threatened by human occupation and expansion of agriculture. In this work, the search of genomes of human and canine adenoviruses in feces from these wild carnivores was used to track the dissemination of domestic animals and human pathogens to the free-living populations in a wildlife reserve located in southern Brazil. This was performed by virus-specific differential real-time polymerase chain reactions (qPCR) on stool specimens, avoiding capture and additional stress to the animals. Genus-specific conventional reverse-transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was complementarily performed aiming the detection of enteroviruses (EV) and rotaviruses (RV) on these same samples. HAdV genomes were found on 14 out of the 17 (82.35%) stool samples analysed, whereas CAV was found co-infecting 5 of these samples. RV genomes were detected on 7 of the 17 samples (41.18%) and all samples were negative for EV. The results point to the dispersion of HAdV and RV at a high rate to these species of South American wild carnivores, which can be an effect of growing anthropisation of the habitat of these animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G S Monteiro
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - J D Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - M Kluge
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - N K Rech
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - M C Soliman
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - R Staggemeier
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - M T Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - M P Barros
- Laboratório de Zoologia, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - L S Heinzelmann
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - F R Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dalla Vecchia A, Rigotto C, Staggemeier R, Soliman MC, Gil de Souza F, Henzel A, Santos EL, do Nascimento CA, de Quevedo DM, Fleck JD, Heinzelmann LS, de Matos Almeida SE, Spilki FR. Surface water quality in the Sinos River basin, in Southern Brazil: tracking microbiological contamination and correlation with physicochemical parameters. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:9899-9911. [PMID: 25649392 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4175-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Around the world, enteric viruses are often found in surface waters. This study set out to evaluate the occurrence of adenoviruses (AdVs) in water samples, and its relation to different physical, chemical, and bacteriological parameters [total coliform (TC) and fecal coliform (FC), represented by Escherichia coli]. Monthly samples of 500 ml of raw water were collected from May 2011 to June 2013 in eight abstraction points water treatment stations along three stretches of the Sinos River Basin (SRB), in Southern Brazil and, subsequently, were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). AdVs from different species, from human (HAdV), and from other animals (CAV1-2, BAdV, PAdV, and AvAdV) were detected along the three stretches of the basin, indicating fecal contamination from different sources and proving the inefficiency of the wastewater treatment in the waters of the SRB and intensifying the strong influence of human activities that can contribute to the presence of inhibitory substances such as organic acids in surface of these waters. Statistical analyses revealed no significant correlations between the concentrations of TC and FC and the concentrations of AdVs. We observed a small, nonconstant, and unstable correlation between viruses and physicochemical parameters. These correlations were not sufficiently consistent to establish a reliable association; therefore, this study corroborates that only the viral assay itself is reliable for the diagnosis of fecal contamination by viruses in environmental samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andréia Dalla Vecchia
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Health Sciences Institute, Universidade Feevale, CEP 93352-000, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nascimento CA, Staggemeier R, Bianchi E, Rodrigues MT, Fabres R, Soliman MC, Bortoluzzi M, Luz RB, Heinzelmann LS, Santos EL, Fleck JD, Spilki FR. Monitoring of metals, organic compounds and coliforms in water catchment points from the Sinos River basin. BRAZ J BIOL 2015; 75:50-6. [PMID: 26270213 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.1613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Unplanned use and occupation of the land without respecting its capacity of assimilation and environmental purification leads to the degradation of the environment and of water used for human consumption. Agricultural areas, industrial plants and urban centres developed without planning and the control of effluent discharges are the main causes of water pollution in river basins that receive all the liquid effluents produced in those places. Over the last decades, environmental management has become part of governmental agendas in search of solutions for the preservation of water quality and the restoration of already degraded resources. This study evaluated the conditions of the main watercourse of the Sinos River basin by monitoring the main physical, chemical and microbiological parameters described in the CONAMA Resolution no. 357/2005.The set of parameters evaluated at five catchment points of water human consumption revealed a river that has different characteristics in each reach, as the upper reach was class 1, whereas the middle and lower reaches of the basin were class 4. Monitoring pointed to households as the main sources of pollutants in those reaches, although metals used in the industrial production of the region were found in the samples analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A Nascimento
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - R Staggemeier
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - E Bianchi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - M T Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - R Fabres
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - M C Soliman
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - M Bortoluzzi
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - R B Luz
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - L S Heinzelmann
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - E L Santos
- Departamento de Ensaios e Apoio Laboratorial, Companhia Rio-Grandense de Saneamento, Porto Alegre, RS, BR
| | - J D Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - F R Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Linden R, Antunes MV, Heinzelmann LS, Fleck JD, Staggemeier R, Fabres RB, Vecchia AD, Nascimento CA, Spilki FR. Caffeine as an indicator of human fecal contamination in the Sinos River: a preliminary study. BRAZ J BIOL 2015; 75:81-4. [PMID: 26270218 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The preservation of hydric resources is directly related to fecal contamination monitoring, in order to allow the development of strategies for the management of polluting sources. In the present study, twenty-five water samples from six water public supply collection sites were used for the evaluation of the presence of caffeine, total and fecal coliforms. Caffeine was detected in all samples, with concentrations ranging from 0.15 ng mL-1 to 16.72 ng mL-1. Total coliforms were detected in all samples, with concentrations in the range of 52 NMP/100 mL to higher than 24196 NMP/100 mL, whether the concentration range for fecal coliforms was in the range of below 1 NMP/100 mL to 7800 NMP/100 mL. No significant correlation was found between total coliforms and caffeine concentrations (rs = 0.35, p = 0.09). However, a moderate correlation between fecal coliforms and caffeine concentrations was found (rs = 0.412, p <0.05), probably indicating a human source for these bacteria. Caffeine determination in water may be a useful strategy to evaluate water contamination by human fecal waste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Linden
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - M V Antunes
- Laboratório de Análises Toxicológicas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - L S Heinzelmann
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - J D Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - R Staggemeier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - R B Fabres
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - A D Vecchia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - C A Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| | - F R Spilki
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, BR
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kluge M, Fleck JD, Soliman MC, Luz RB, Fabres RB, Comerlato J, Silva JVS, Staggemeier R, Vecchia AD, Capalonga R, Oliveira AB, Henzel A, Rigotto C, Spilki FR. Human adenovirus (HAdV), human enterovirus (hEV), and genogroup A rotavirus (GARV) in tap water in southern Brazil. J Water Health 2014; 12:526-532. [PMID: 25252356 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2014.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of viral gastroenteritis are more devastating in children than in any other age category. Thus, children exposed to the consumption of low quality water are at an increased risk of infection, especially in regions where sanitation is inadequate. The present study aimed to provide a survey of the occurrence of representative enteric viruses: human adenovirus (HAdV), human enteroviruses (hEV), and genogroup A rotavirus (GARV) in tap water samples collected in public schools located at six municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Seventy-three schools were included in the study and tap water samples were analyzed by conventional PCR for the presence of HAdV, hEV, and GARV genomes. hEV showed the highest detection rate (27.4%), followed by HAdV (23.3%), and GARV (16.4%). New approaches to water monitoring should be considered to promote a better water quality and reduce the risk of waterborne diseases, especially considering drinking water to be served to vulnerable individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Kluge
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular (LMM), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS), Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil E-mail:
| | - J D Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular (LMM), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS), Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil E-mail:
| | - M C Soliman
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular (LMM), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS), Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil E-mail:
| | - R B Luz
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular (LMM), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS), Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil E-mail:
| | - R B Fabres
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular (LMM), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS), Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil E-mail:
| | - J Comerlato
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - J V S Silva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular (LMM), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS), Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil E-mail:
| | - R Staggemeier
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular (LMM), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS), Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil E-mail:
| | - A D Vecchia
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular (LMM), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS), Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil E-mail:
| | - R Capalonga
- CECANE - UFRGS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - A B Oliveira
- CECANE - UFRGS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - A Henzel
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular (LMM), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS), Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil E-mail:
| | - C Rigotto
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular (LMM), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS), Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil E-mail:
| | - F R Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular (LMM), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS), Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Spilki FR, da Luz RB, Fabres RB, Soliman MC, Kluge M, Fleck JD, Rodrigues MT, Comerlato J, Cenci A, Cerva C, Dasso MG, Roehe PM. Detection of human adenovirus, rotavirus and enterovirus in water samples collected on dairy farms from Tenente Portela, Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2014; 44:953-7. [PMID: 24516464 PMCID: PMC3910217 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000300046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral gastroenteritis and other waterborne diseases are a major concern for health in Brazil. A number of studies were conducted about the presence of viruses on water samples from Brazilian areas. However, the knowledge about the occurrence of viral contamination of drinking water sources in rural settings of the country is insufficient. On the present work, 15 samples from 5 dairy farms located at the municipality of Tenente Portela were collected and analysed for the presence of human adenoviruses (HAdV), as well as human enteroviruses (EV) and rotaviruses (RV). HAdV was present on 66.66% of the water samples, and have been found in all samples from artesian wells and springs, which are used as sources of drinking water for the individuals inhabiting those farms. EV and RV found only in one sample each. The detection rates of HAdV on the water from these dairy farms are alarming and point towards a situation of elevated environmental contamination by fecal microorganisms of human origin and poor basic sanitation conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Roger Bordin da Luz
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Bandeira Fabres
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Mayra Cristina Soliman
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Kluge
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Manoela Tressoldi Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Comerlato
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexander Cenci
- Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor / Fepagro Saúde Animal, Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristine Cerva
- Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor / Fepagro Saúde Animal, Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Maurício Gautério Dasso
- Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor / Fepagro Saúde Animal, Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Michel Roehe
- Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor / Fepagro Saúde Animal, Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil. ; Laboratório de Virologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Vecchia AD, Fleck JD, Kluge M, Comerlato J, Bergamaschi B, Luz RB, Arantes TS, Silva JVS, Thewes MR, Spilki FR. Assessment of enteric viruses in a sewage treatment plant located in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2013; 72:839-46. [PMID: 23295512 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842012000500009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to verify the microbial quality of the influents and effluents of one STP from southern Brazil, an eight-month survey was conducted to examine the presence of total and fecal coliforms and of adenovirus (HAdV), enterovirus (EV), genogroup A rotaviruses (GARV) and Torque teno virus (TTV), in treated effluent samples from São João/Navegantes STP, Porto Alegre (Brazil). A total of 16 samples were collected, eight of influent (raw sewage, prior to treatment), and the other eight of the effluent (post-treatment sewage). Total and fecal coliform levels ranging from 3.6 × 10(4) to 4.4 × 10(7) MPN/100 mL and 2.9 × 10(3) to 1.7 × 10(7) MPN/100 mL, were detected in all samples. In raw sewage, HAdV (25%) and GARV (28.6%) viral genomes were detected. The analysis of effluent samples revealed the presence of HAdV (50%), EV (37.5%), and TTV (12.5%) genomic fragments. All samples, regardless of the month analysed, presented detection of a least one virus genus, except for in April. Higher virus detection rates were observed in treated sewage samples (62.5%), and in 80% of them (effluent positive samples) HAdV was detected. Results showed that improvements in sewage monitoring and treatment processes are necessary to reduce the viral and bacterial load on the environment in southern Brazil. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first study showing the monitoring of viral genomes in influent and effluent samples from a STP located in Porto Alegre (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), southern Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A D Vecchia
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Universidade Feevale, Rod. RS-239, 2755, CEP 93352-000, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
de Costa F, Yendo ACA, Fleck JD, Gosmann G, Fett-Neto AG. Accumulation of a bioactive triterpene saponin fraction of Quillaja brasiliensis leaves is associated with abiotic and biotic stresses. Plant Physiol Biochem 2013; 66:56-62. [PMID: 23474431 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The saponins from leaves of Quillaja brasiliensis, a native species from Southern Brazil, show structural and functional similarities to those of Quillaja saponaria barks, which are currently used as adjuvants in vaccine formulations. The accumulation patterns of an immunoadjuvant fraction of leaf triterpene saponins (QB-90) in response to stress factors were examined, aiming at understanding the regulation of accumulation of these metabolites. The content of QB-90 in leaf disks was significantly increased by application of different osmotic stress agents, such as sorbitol, sodium chloride and polyethylene glycol in isosmotic concentrations. Higher yields of bioactive saponins were also observed upon exposure to salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ultrasound and UV-C light. Experiments with shoots indicated a significant increase in QB-90 yields with moderate increases in white light irradiance and by mechanical damage applied to leaves. The increased accumulation of these terpenes may be part of a defense response. The results herein described may contribute to further advance knowledge on the regulation of accumulation of bioactive saponins, and at defining strategies to improve yields of these useful metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda de Costa
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Vecchia AD, Fleck JD, Comerlato J, Kluge M, Bergamaschi B, Da Silva JVS, Da Luz RB, Teixeira TF, Garbinatto GN, Oliveira DV, Zanin JG, Van der Sand S, Frazzon APG, Franco AC, Roehe PM, Spilki FR. First description of Adenovirus, Enterovirus, Rotavirus and Torque teno virus in water samples collected from the Arroio Dilúvio, Porto Alegre, Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2012; 72:323-9. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842012000200013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (AdV), enterovirus (EV), genogroup A rotaviruses (GARV) and Torque teno virus (TTV) are non-enveloped viral agents excreted in feces and so may contaminate water bodies. In the present study, the molecular detection of these viruses was performed in samples of surface water collected from the Arroio Dilúvio, a waterstream that crosses the city of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, receiving great volumes of non-treated sewage from a large urban area. Sampling was performed during 2009, in three different occasions (January, April and September). The highest detection rate was observed for EV (64.28%), followed by TTV (28.57%) and AdV (21.43%). Rotaviruses were not detected. More than on kind of tested virus was detected in five (35. 71%) of 14 samples. January was the month with the highest viral detection rate, being all samples, collected in this month, positive for at least one group of tested virus. The correlation between the detection of these different viral agents and environmental factors is discussed. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first description of viral genomes in water samples taken from the Arroio Dilúvio, Porto Alegre (Brazil).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- AD Vecchia
- Universidade Feevale, Brazil; Universidade Feevale, Brazil
| | - JD Fleck
- Universidade Feevale, Brazil; Universidade Feevale, Brazil
| | - J Comerlato
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M Kluge
- Universidade Feevale, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - DV Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - JG Zanin
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - APG Frazzon
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - AC Franco
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - PM Roehe
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Brazil
| | - FR Spilki
- Universidade Feevale, Brazil; Universidade Feevale, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Meschia JF, Williams LS, Fleck JD, Bruno A, Biller J. Views on the use of tissue plasminogen activator in acute ischemic stroke: a state-wide survey among neurologists and emergency medicine physicians in Indiana. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2009; 8:207-10. [PMID: 17895166 DOI: 10.1016/s1052-3057(99)80068-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/1998] [Accepted: 01/26/1999] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Indiana emergency medicine physicians and neurologists were presented with 6 brief cases of patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke and asked whether they would administer tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in each case; 25% responded in concordance with published American Heart Association guidelines in all cases. Only 19% gave the appropriate exclusion in the 4 cases with definite exclusion criteria. Administering t-PA to a patient with elevated blood pressure was the most common deviation from the guidelines. More neurologists reported that they would have given t-PA in the exclusion-free scenario (85% v 49%; P<.001). Physicians likely to treat acute stroke patients do not consistently follow published guidelines on the use of intravenous t-PA in acute ischemic stroke. Neurologists were more likely to report that they would use t-PA in an exclusion-free scenario. Continued physician education about thrombolytic use in acute ischemic stroke is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F Meschia
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Willoughby RE, Roy-Burman A, Martin KW, Christensen JC, Westenkirschner DF, Fleck JD, Glaser C, Hyland K, Rupprecht CE. Generalised cranial artery spasm in human rabies. Dev Biol (Basel) 2008; 131:367-75. [PMID: 18634498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In 2004, a teenager survived bat-associated rabies through the Milwaukee protocol (MP). This survivor and another patient with dog-associated rabies were found to have developed deficiencies of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) and associated neurotransmitters. BH4 is also essential for neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), so rabies is predicted to cause constriction of cerebral arteries. We assume that rabies virus, which almost exclusively targets neurons, would disproportionately affect cerebral over systemic perfusion by disrupting nNOS and lead to generalised cerebral artery spasm. Cranial artery vasospasm, therefore, was actively sought in two rabies patients, with the intention to specifically treat with BH4 and L-arginine when necessary. Flow velocities and resistive (RI) or pulsatility indices (PI) of middle cerebral arteries (MCA) were obtained by transcranial doppler ultrasound (TCD). A survival analysis of 8 attempts at the MP is presented. Of these, two cases are reported here. The first case is one child with bat-associated rabies who developed severe bilateral MCAspasm on hospital day (HD)-10 that responded to very low dose (0.2 mcg/kg/min) nitroprusside. The second case, a child with dog-associated rabies, developed spasm of MCA on HD-6 that responded to 6 mg/kg/day BH4. A second spasm with high RI (without cerebral oedema or increased intracranial pressure) responded to 20 mg/kg/day BH4 and 0.5 g/kg/dose L-arginine. Review of the TCD of the first child showed a similar second spasm seven days after first episode. Cerebral artery vasospasm occurred in the two children with rabies, but was clinically silent by standard monitoring. Spasm responded to drugs directed at the NOS pathway. Animal models for treatment of rabies are sorely needed to evaluate therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E Willoughby
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1997, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kauffmann C, Machado AM, Fleck JD, Provensi G, Pires VS, Guillaume D, Sonnet P, Reginatto FH, Schenkel EP, Gosmann G. Constituents from leaves of Quillaja brasiliensis. Nat Prod Res 2006; 18:153-7. [PMID: 14984089 DOI: 10.1080/14786410310001608055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A new abietane diterpene, the 19-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside of 16-hydroxylambertic acid was isolated from the leaves of Quillaja brasiliensis together with a known prosapogenin (3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-quillaic acid), quercetin, and rutin. The new compound was identified by chemical and spectroscopic methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Kauffmann
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
McConnell JP, Cheryk LA, Durocher A, Bruno A, Bang NU, Fleck JD, Williams L, Biller J, Meschia JF. Urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B(2) and coagulation activation markers measured within 24 h of human acute ischemic stroke. Neurosci Lett 2001; 313:88-92. [PMID: 11684346 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the extent of change in platelet and coagulation markers in the acute phase of ischemic stroke and to assess the utility of marker measurement in stroke subtype classification. Urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B(2) (11-dTXB2), a marker of in vivo platelet activation, and markers of coagulation activation, including prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), and fibrinogen, were measured in 25 patients with ischemic stroke within 24 h of onset of symptoms. Marker levels in patients with ischemic stroke were compared with those in 19 age-matched controls who had not taken aspirin for at least 2 weeks before sampling and 25 healthy controls. Median marker levels were significantly increased in stroke over those in age-matched controls for fibrinogen (344 vs. 289 mg/dl; P=0.030), F1+2 (1.40 vs. 0.80 nmol/l; P=0.003), and TAT (6.65 vs. 2.20 microg/l; P<0.0001). Median marker levels for seven patients with cardioembolic stroke and 18 with non-cardioembolic stroke were not significantly different for any marker test. Eight patients taking aspirin at the time of the stroke had significantly lower 11-dTXB2 values than patients not taking aspirin (964 vs. 4,314 pg/mg of creatinine; P=0.007). Stroke patients not taking aspirin had significantly higher 11-dTXB2 concentration than age-matched controls (4,314 vs. 1,788 pg/mg of creatinine; P=0.006). Coagulation and platelet activation markers are increased in the acute phase of stroke regardless of the clinical mechanism. This finding suggests that the markers may not be useful for predicting clinical subtype of ischemic stroke in the acute phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P McConnell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability. Although advances are being made in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, its prevention is equally as important. Identification and management of risk factors are essential. Medical therapy is also helpful in the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke. There are currently four platelet-antiaggregating agents used to prevent ischemic stroke: aspirin, aspirin plus dipyridamole, clopidogrel, and ticlopidine. The relevant studies proving their efficacy are noted, as are some of their similarities and differences. The use of warfarin is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Fleck
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 541 Clinical Drive, CL 365, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
|
39
|
Abstract
Many diseases present with both neurologic and dermatologic manifestations. Eight such clinical cases are presented, along with clinical photographs of the skin lesions, in the format of a self-evaluation. Each case is followed by a discussion and a brief review of the characteristic cutaneous and neurologic findings. The intent is to demonstrate classic dermatologic manifestations of diseases seen by neurologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Lisowe
- Department of Dermatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Specific strategies for primary and secondary stroke prevention in children and young adults can only be recommended once the causes of stroke in these age groups are well described. ICD-9 codes were used to identify children aged 1 to 18 years with acute ischemic stroke. Young adults aged > 18 to 45 years were identified from the Indiana University and Northwestern University Young Adults Stroke Registries. Validated criteria were used to subtype ischemic stroke as atherothrombotic (AT), cardioembolic (CE), small-vessel (SV), other determined cause, or unknown cause. Ninety-two children and 116 young adults were identified. Stroke subtypes in children/young adults (percentages) were as follows: AT 0/16 (p < 0.001), CE 15/14 (p = 1.0), SV 0/3 (p = 0.26), other 49/44 (p = 0.40), and unknown 36/23 (p = 0.04). Children had more prothrombotic causes (25% versus 14%, p = 0.03), and young adults had more dissections (3% versus 15%, p = 0.005). Children aged 15 to 18 years had causes of ischemic stroke more similar to those in young adults. The cause of ischemic stroke is less often identified in children than it is in young adults. Children have more prothrombotic causes of stroke, and adults have more atherothrombotic causes and dissections. Lacunar strokes are rare in both children and young adults. The age of 15 years should be used to separate childhood from young-adult ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Williams
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Acute paralysis in adults has an extensive assortment of etiologies. Guillian-Barré syndrome is the most common cause of acute neuropathy in adults. This review emphasizes pathophysiology, clinical features, differential diagnosis, and a practical approach to the laboratory work-up for patients with suspected Guillian-Barré syndrome. The current status of immunotherapy is reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Pascuzzi
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|