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Della Salda L, Bongiovanni L, Massimini M, Romanucci M, Vercelli A, Colosimo A, Di Matteo R, Defourny SVP. p63 immunoexpression in hair follicles of normal and alopecia X-affected skin of Pomeranian dogs. Vet Dermatol 2023; 34:567-575. [PMID: 37518946 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alopecia X in Pomeranians is caused by a hair cycle deregulation, associated with downregulation of key regulatory genes of the Wnt and Shh pathways, and stem-cell markers. However, the pathogenesis remains unclear. p63 is an important transcription factor correlated with the aforementioned hair cycle modulating genes. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to highlight possible changes of p63 immunohistochemical expression within the hair follicles in canine alopecia X compared with normal skin. ANIMALS Skin biopsies from 19 alopecia X-affected and six control Pomeranians were analysed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serial histological sections of skin biopsies harbouring anagen, telogen and kenogen hair follicles were immunohistochemically evaluated for differences in p63 expression in the affected and control samples. RESULTS Dogs with alopecia X had a significantly decreased immunoexpression of p63 in telogen and kenogen hair follicles. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The decrease of p63 immunoexpression observed in canine alopecia X suggests an involvement of p63 in hair cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Antonella Vercelli
- Veterinary Clinic and Analysis Laboratory 'Città di Torino', Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Colosimo
- Department of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Ramona Di Matteo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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2
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Tol AJC, Hribar K, Kruit J, Bongiovanni L, Vieira-Lara MA, Koster MH, Kloosterhuis NJ, Havinga R, Koehorst M, de Bruin A, Bakker BM, Oosterveer MH, van der Beek EM. Hyperglycaemia, pregnancy outcomes and maternal metabolic disease risk during pregnancy and lactation in a lean gestational diabetes mouse model. J Physiol 2023; 601:1761-1780. [PMID: 37010236 DOI: 10.1113/jp284061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia in pregnancy (HIP) is a pregnancy complication characterized by mild to moderate hyperglycaemia that negatively impacts short- and long-term health of mother and child. However, relationships between severity and timing of pregnancy hyperglycaemia and postpartum outcomes have not been systemically investigated. We investigated the impact of hyperglycaemia developing during pregnancy (gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM) or already present pre-mating (pre-gestational diabetes mellitus, PDM) on maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. GDM and PDM were induced in C57BL/6NTac mice by combined 60% high fat diet (HF) and low dose streptozotocin (STZ). Animals were screened for PDM prior to mating, and all underwent an oral glucose tolerance test on gestational day (GD)15. Tissues were collected at GD18 or at postnatal day (PN)15. Among HFSTZ-treated dams, 34% developed PDM and 66% developed GDM, characterized by impaired glucose-induced insulin release and inadequate suppression of endogenous glucose production. No increased adiposity or overt insulin resistance was observed. Furthermore, markers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were significantly increased in PDM at GD18 and were positively correlated with basal glucose levels at GD18 in GDM dams. By PN15, NAFLD markers were also increased in GDM dams. Only PDM affected pregnancy outcomes such as litter size. Our findings indicate that GDM and PDM, resulting in disturbances of maternal glucose homeostasis, increase the risk of postpartum NAFLD development, related to the onset and severity of pregnancy hyperglycaemia. These findings signal a need for earlier monitoring of maternal glycaemia and more rigorous follow-up of maternal health after GDM and PDM pregnancy in humans. KEY POINTS: We studied the impact of high-fat diet/streptozotocin induced hyperglycaemia in pregnancy in mice and found that this impaired glucose tolerance and insulin release. Litter size and embryo survival were compromised by pre-gestational, but not by gestational, diabetes. Despite postpartum recovery from hyperglycaemia in a majority of dams, liver disease markers were further elevated by postnatal day 15. Maternal liver disease markers were associated with the severity of hyperglycaemia at gestational day 18. The association between hyperglycaemic exposure and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease signals a need for more rigorous monitoring and follow-up of maternal glycaemia and health in diabetic pregnancy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela J C Tol
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kaja Hribar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janine Kruit
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Marcel A Vieira-Lara
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam H Koster
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels J Kloosterhuis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rick Havinga
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Koehorst
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara M Bakker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike H Oosterveer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eline M van der Beek
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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3
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Lak NSM, Seijger A, van Zogchel LMJ, Gelineau NU, Javadi A, Zappeij-Kannegieter L, Bongiovanni L, Andriessen A, Stutterheim J, van der Schoot CE, de Bruin A, Tytgat GAM. Cell-Free RNA from Plasma in Patients with Neuroblastoma: Exploring the Technical and Clinical Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072108. [PMID: 37046768 PMCID: PMC10093559 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma affects mostly young children, bearing a high morbidity and mortality. Liquid biopsies, e.g., molecular analysis of circulating tumor-derived nucleic acids in blood, offer a minimally invasive diagnostic modality. Cell-free RNA (cfRNA) is released by all cells, especially cancer. It circulates in blood packed in extracellular vesicles (EV) or attached to proteins. We studied the feasibility of analyzing cfRNA and EV, isolated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), from platelet-poor plasma from healthy controls (n = 40) and neuroblastoma patients with localized (n = 10) and metastatic disease (n = 30). The mRNA content was determined using several multiplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays for a neuroblastoma-specific gene panel (PHOX2B, TH, CHRNA3) and a cell cycle regulation panel (E2F1, CDC6, ATAD2, H2AFZ, MCM2, DHFR). We applied corrections for the presence of platelets. We demonstrated that neuroblastoma-specific markers were present in plasma from 14/30 patients with metastatic disease and not in healthy controls and patients with localized disease. Most cell cycle markers had a higher expression in patients. The mRNA markers were mostly present in the EV-enriched SEC fractions. In conclusion, cfRNA can be isolated from plasma and EV and analyzed using multiplex ddPCR. cfRNA is an interesting novel liquid biopsy-based target to explore further.
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4
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Bongiovanni L, Brachelente C, Dow S, Bergman PJ. Editorial: Canine melanoma in comparative oncology: Translate research advances to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic options. Front Vet Sci 2023; 9:1127527. [PMID: 36699329 PMCID: PMC9869121 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1127527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.,Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Chiara Brachelente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Steven Dow
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, United States
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5
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Palombieri A, Sarchese V, Giordano MV, Fruci P, Crisi PE, Aste G, Bongiovanni L, Rinaldi V, Sposato A, Camero M, Lanave G, Martella V, Marsilio F, Di Martino B, Di Profio F. Detection and Characterization of Feline Calicivirus Associated with Paw and Mouth Disease. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010065. [PMID: 36611675 PMCID: PMC9818015 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) infection in cats can led to several diverse clinical presentations, ranging from mild upper respiratory signs to virulent systemic disease. Herein, we report a paw and mouth disease case in a 7-year-old household cat due to an FCV infection. An asymptomatic cat living in the same household was also infected with FCV. Clinical and pathological investigations were combined with the molecular and phenotypical characterization of the FCV strains. The RNA of the FCV was detected using qualitative and quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assays, and FCV antigen was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. After the whole genome analysis, the strains detected in the two cats appeared to be genetically diverse from FCVs previously detected in association with paw and mouth disease and with virulent systemic disease. Interestingly, the isolates obtained in this study were resistant to low pH conditions and slightly susceptible to bile salts, but they were susceptible to a trypsin treatment, revealing a phenotype pattern that is different from that which has been observed for respiratory FCVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palombieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sarchese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Paola Fruci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paolo Emidio Crisi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Aste
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Valentina Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessio Sposato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Camero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Fulvio Marsilio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Di Profio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0861-266845
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6
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Smedley RC, Bongiovanni L, Bacmeister C, Clifford CA, Christensen N, Dreyfus JM, Gary JM, Pavuk A, Rowland PH, Swanson C, Tripp C, Woods JP, Bergman PJ. Diagnosis and histopathologic prognostication of canine melanocytic neoplasms: A consensus of the Oncology-Pathology Working Group. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:739-751. [PMID: 35522017 PMCID: PMC9796073 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
One of the primary objectives of the Oncology Pathology Working Group (OPWG) is for oncologists and pathologists to collaboratively generate consensus documents to standardize aspects of and provide guidelines for veterinary oncologic pathology. Consensus is established through review of relevant peer-reviewed literature relative to a subgroup's particular focus. In this article, the authors provide a critical review of the current literature for the diagnosis of, and histopathologic prognostication for, canine cutaneous and oral/lip melanocytic neoplasms, suggest guidelines for reporting, provide recommendations for clinical interpretation, and discuss future directions. This document represents the opinions of the working group and the authors and does not constitute a formal endorsement by the American College of Veterinary Pathologists, American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine or the Veterinary Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C. Smedley
- Veterinary Diagnostic LaboratoryMichigan State UniversityLansingMichiganUSA
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TeramoTeramoItaly,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Craig A. Clifford
- Oncology ServiceHope Veterinary Specialists/BluePearlMalvernPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Neil Christensen
- Oncology ServiceVeterinary Specialty Hospital Hong KongWan ChaiHong Kong,Veterinary Medical Teaching HospitalUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Jennifer M. Dreyfus
- Anatomic PathologyDreyfus Veterinary Pathology ConsultingMadisonWisconsinUSA,School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Joy M. Gary
- NeuropathologyStageBioFrederickMarylandUSA,Comparative Biomedical Training Program, Molecular Pathology UnitNCI, NIHBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Alana Pavuk
- Anatomic PathologyAntech DiagnosticsDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Christine Swanson
- Oncology ServiceBluePearl Specialty and Emergency Pet HospitalGrand RapidsMichiganUSA
| | - Chelsea Tripp
- Oncology ServiceBridge Animal Referral CenterEdmondsWashingtonUSA
| | - J. Paul Woods
- Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary CollegeUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
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7
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Moreno E, Matondo AB, Bongiovanni L, van de Lest CHA, Molenaar MR, Toussaint MJM, van Essen SC, Houweling M, Helms JB, Westendorp B, de Bruin A. Inhibition of polyploidization in Pten-deficient livers reduces steatosis. Liver Int 2022; 42:2442-2452. [PMID: 35924448 PMCID: PMC9826152 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The tumour suppressor PTEN is a negative regulator of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Liver-specific deletion of Pten in mice results in the hyper-activation PI3K/AKT signalling accompanied by enhanced genome duplication (polyploidization), marked lipid accumulation (steatosis) and formation of hepatocellular carcinomas. However, it is unknown whether polyploidization in this model has an impact on the development of steatosis and the progression towards liver cancer. Here, we used a liver-specific conditional knockout approach to delete Pten in combination with deletion of E2f7/8, known key inducers of polyploidization. As expected, Pten deletion caused severe steatosis and liver tumours accompanied by enhanced polyploidization. Additional deletion of E2f7/8 inhibited polyploidization, alleviated Pten-induced steatosis without affecting lipid species composition and accelerated liver tumour progression. Global transcriptomic analysis showed that inhibition of polyploidization in Pten-deficient livers resulted in reduced expression of genes involved in energy metabolism, including PPAR-gamma signalling. However, we find no evidence that deregulated genes in Pten-deficient livers are direct transcriptional targets of E2F7/8, supporting that reduction in steatosis and progression towards liver cancer are likely consequences of inhibiting polyploidization. Lastly, flow cytometry and image analysis on isolated primary wildtype mouse hepatocytes provided further support that polyploid cells can accumulate more lipid droplets than diploid hepatocytes. Collectively, we show that polyploidization promotes steatosis and function as an important barrier against liver tumour progression in Pten-deficient livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Moreno
- Departments of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Augustine B. Matondo
- Departments of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Departments of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Chris H. A. van de Lest
- Departments of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Martijn R. Molenaar
- Departments of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Mathilda J. M. Toussaint
- Departments of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Saskia C. van Essen
- Departments of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Martin Houweling
- Departments of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - J. Bernd Helms
- Departments of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Bart Westendorp
- Departments of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Departments of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands,Pediatrics, Division Molecular GeneticsUniversity Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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8
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Rinaldi V, Boari A, Ressel L, Bongiovanni L, Crisi PE, Cabibbo E, Finotello R. Expression of cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:530-536. [PMID: 36179546 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) belong to endocannabinoid system (ECS), which is also composed from endocannabinoids and the enzymatic systems involved in their biosynthesis and degradation. The expression of CB1 and CB2 have been previously identified in normal canine mast cell and in atopic dermatitis. Canine cutaneous mast cell tumours (cMCTs) are among the most common cutaneous neoplasms in dogs and have a highly variable clinical behaviour. Expression of CB1-CB2 was assessed by means of immunohistochemistry in thirty-seven dogs (from 2019 to 2021) with proven histological diagnosis of cMCT. Dogs were divided in two groups according to the Kiupel's grading system: high-grade (HG) cMCT and low-grade (LG) cMCT. A semiquantitative (score 0-3) and quantitative assessment of immunoreactivity (IR) was performed for each case. Our results show that there CB1 and CB2 are highly expressed in LG- cMCT, in contrast to HG- cMCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Rinaldi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Andrea Boari
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ressel
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy Phisiology and Pathology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, Faculty of Health and life Science, University of Liverpool, Chester High Road, Neston CH64 7TE, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paolo Emidio Crisi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Cabibbo
- Clinica Veterinaria Jenner, VetPartners, Via Jenner 37, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Riccardo Finotello
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, Faculty of Health and life Science, University of Liverpool, Chester High Road, Neston CH64 7TE, United Kingdom
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9
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Vriend L, van Dongen J, Sinkunas V, Brouwer L, Buikema H, Moreira L, Gemperli R, Bongiovanni L, de Bruin A, van der Lei B, Camargo C, Harmsen MC. Limited efficacy of adipose stromal cell secretome-loaded skin-derived hydrogels to augment skin flap regeneration in rats. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:630-640. [PMID: 35583223 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficient vascularization is a recurring cause of impaired pedicled skin flap healing. The administration of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells' (ASC) secretome is a novel approach to augment vascularization. Yet, the secretome comprised soluble factors that require a sustained release vehicle to increase residence time. We hypothesized that administration of a hydrogel derived from decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) of porcine skin with bound trophic factors from ASCs, enhances skin flap viability and wound repair in a rat model. Porcine skin was decellularized and pepsin-digested to form a hydrogel at 37°C. Conditioned medium (CMe) of human ASC was collected, concentrated twentyfold and mixed with the hydrogel. Sixty Wistar rats were included. A dorsal skin flap (caudal based) of 3 x 10 cm was elevated for topical application of: DMEM medium (group I), a pre-hydrogel with or without ASC CMe (group II and III) or ASC CMe (group IV). After 7, 14 and 28 days, perfusion was measured and skin flaps were harvested for wound healing assessment and immunohistochemical analysis. Decellularized skin ECM hydrogel contained negligible amounts of DNA (11.6 ± 0.6 ng/mg), was noncytotoxic and well-tolerated by rats. Irrespective of ASC secretome, ECM hydrogel application resulted macroscopically and microscopically in similar dermal wound healing in terms of proliferation, immune response and matrix remodeling as the control group. However, ASC CMe alone increased vessel density after seven days. Concluding, porcine skin derived ECM hydrogels loaded with ASC secretome are non-cytotoxic but demand optimization to significantly augment wound healing of skin flaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Vriend
- University Medical Centre Groningen, 10173, Plastic Surgery, Groningen, Netherlands;
| | - Joris van Dongen
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Plastic Surgery, Netherlands;
| | - Viktor Sinkunas
- Universidade of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Brazil;
| | - Linda Brouwer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Netherlands;
| | - Henk Buikema
- University and Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands, Medical Biology and Pathology, Netherlands;
| | - Luiz Moreira
- Universidade of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Brazil;
| | - Rolf Gemperli
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Surgery, Discipline of Plastic Surgery, Brazil;
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatrics, Groningen, the Netherlands, Netherlands.,Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands, Netherlands;
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Pathobiology, Utrecht, Netherlands;
| | - Berend van der Lei
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Department of Plastic Surgery, Netherlands;
| | - Cristina Camargo
- Universidade of Sao Paulo, Department of Plastic Surgery Microsurgery and Plastic Surgery laboratory, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Brazil;
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- University of Groningen, Dept. Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands;
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10
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Johanna I, Hernández-López P, Heijhuurs S, Scheper W, Bongiovanni L, de Bruin A, Beringer DX, Oostvogels R, Straetemans T, Sebestyen Z, Kuball J. Adding Help to an HLA-A*24:02 Tumor-Reactive γδTCR Increases Tumor Control. Front Immunol 2021; 12:752699. [PMID: 34759930 PMCID: PMC8573335 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.752699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
γδT cell receptors (γδTCRs) recognize a broad range of malignantly transformed cells in mainly a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, making them valuable additions to the engineered immune effector cell therapy that currently focuses primarily on αβTCRs and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). As an exception to the rule, we have previously identified a γδTCR, which exerts antitumor reactivity against HLA-A*24:02-expressing malignant cells, however without the need for defined HLA-restricted peptides, and without exhibiting any sign of off-target toxicity in humanized HLA-A*24:02 transgenic NSG (NSG-A24:02) mouse models. This particular tumor-HLA-A*24:02-specific Vγ5Vδ1TCR required CD8αα co-receptor for its tumor reactive capacity when introduced into αβT cells engineered to express a defined γδTCR (TEG), referred to as TEG011; thus, it was only active in CD8+ TEG011. We subsequently explored the concept of additional redirection of CD4+ T cells through co-expression of the human CD8α gene into CD4+ and CD8+ TEG011 cells, later referred as TEG011_CD8α. Adoptive transfer of TEG011_CD8α cells in humanized HLA-A*24:02 transgenic NSG (NSG-A24:02) mice injected with tumor HLA-A*24:02+ cells showed superior tumor control in comparison to TEG011, and to mock control groups. The total percentage of mice with persisting TEG011_CD8α cells, as well as the total number of TEG011_CD8α cells per mice, was significantly improved over time, mainly due to a dominance of CD4+CD8+ double-positive TEG011_CD8α, which resulted in higher total counts of functional T cells in spleen and bone marrow. We observed that tumor clearance in the bone marrow of TEG011_CD8α-treated mice associated with better human T cell infiltration, which was not observed in the TEG011-treated group. Overall, introduction of transgenic human CD8α receptor on TEG011 improves antitumor reactivity against HLA-A*24:02+ tumor cells and further enhances in vivo tumor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inez Johanna
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Sabine Heijhuurs
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Wouter Scheper
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Dennis X Beringer
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rimke Oostvogels
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Trudy Straetemans
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Zsolt Sebestyen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Kuball
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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11
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Andriessen A, Bongiovanni L, Driedonks TAP, van Liere E, Seijger A, Hegeman CV, van Nimwegen SA, Galac S, Westendorp B, Nolte-'t Hoen ENM, de Bruin A. CDC6: A novel canine tumour biomarker detected in circulating extracellular vesicles. Vet Comp Oncol 2021; 20:381-392. [PMID: 34743398 PMCID: PMC9299066 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Circulating nucleic acids and extracellular vesicles (EV) represent novel biomarkers to diagnose cancer. The non‐invasive nature of these so‐called liquid biopsies provides an attractive alternative to tissue biopsy‐based cancer diagnostics. This study aimed to investigate if circulating cell cycle‐related E2F target transcripts can be used to diagnose tumours in canine tumour patients with different types of tumours. Furthermore, we assessed if these mRNAs are localised within circulating EV. We isolated total RNA from the plasma of 20 canine tumour patients and 20 healthy controls. Four E2F target genes (CDC6, DHFR, H2AFZ and ATAD2) were selected based on the analysis of published data of tumour samples available in public databases. We performed reverse transcription and quantitative real‐time PCR to analyse the plasma levels of selected E2F target transcripts. All four E2F target transcripts were detectable in the plasma of canine tumour patients. CDC6 mRNA levels were significantly higher in the plasma of canine tumour patients compared to healthy controls. A subset of canine tumour patient and healthy control plasma samples (n = 7) were subjected to size exclusion chromatography in order to validate association of the E2F target transcripts to circulating EV. For CDC6, EV analysis enhanced their detectability compared to total plasma analysis. In conclusion, our study reveals circulating CDC6 as a promising non‐invasive biomarker to diagnose canine tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneloes Andriessen
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom A P Driedonks
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elsbeth van Liere
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Seijger
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte V Hegeman
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan A van Nimwegen
- Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Galac
- Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Westendorp
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther N M Nolte-'t Hoen
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Rutten MG, Derks TG, Huijkman NC, Bos T, Kloosterhuis NJ, van de Kolk KC, Wolters JC, Koster MH, Bongiovanni L, Thomas RE, de Bruin A, van de Sluis B, Oosterveer MH. Modeling Phenotypic Heterogeneity of Glycogen Storage Disease Type 1a Liver Disease in Mice by Somatic CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein 9-Mediated Gene Editing. Hepatology 2021; 74:2491-2507. [PMID: 34157136 PMCID: PMC8597008 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients with glycogen storage disease type 1a (GSD-1a) primarily present with life-threatening hypoglycemia and display severe liver disease characterized by hepatomegaly. Despite strict dietary management, long-term complications still occur, such as liver tumor development. Variations in residual glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC1) activity likely contribute to phenotypic heterogeneity in biochemical symptoms and complications between patients. However, lack of insight into the relationship between G6PC1 activity and symptoms/complications and poor understanding of the underlying disease mechanisms pose major challenges to provide optimal health care and quality of life for GSD-1a patients. Currently available GSD-1a animal models are not suitable to systematically investigate the relationship between hepatic G6PC activity and phenotypic heterogeneity or the contribution of gene-gene interactions (GGIs) in the liver. APPROACH AND RESULTS To meet these needs, we generated and characterized a hepatocyte-specific GSD-1a mouse model using somatic CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-mediated gene editing. Hepatic G6pc editing reduced hepatic G6PC activity up to 98% and resulted in failure to thrive, fasting hypoglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatomegaly, hepatic steatosis (HS), and increased liver tumor incidence. This approach was furthermore successful in simultaneously modulating hepatic G6PC and carbohydrate response element-binding protein, a transcription factor that is activated in GSD-1a and protects against HS under these conditions. Importantly, it also allowed for the modeling of a spectrum of GSD-1a phenotypes in terms of hepatic G6PC activity, fasting hypoglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatomegaly and HS. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we show that somatic CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing allows for the modeling of a spectrum of hepatocyte-borne GSD-1a disease symptoms in mice and to efficiently study GGIs in the liver. This approach opens perspectives for translational research and will likely contribute to personalized treatments for GSD-1a and other genetic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn G.S. Rutten
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Terry G.J. Derks
- Section of Metabolic DiseasesBeatrix Children’s HospitalUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Nicolette C.A. Huijkman
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Trijnie Bos
- Department of Laboratory MedicineUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Niels J. Kloosterhuis
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Kees C.W.A. van de Kolk
- Central Animal FacilityGroningen Small Animal Imaging Facility (Gronsai)University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Justina C. Wolters
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam H. Koster
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Dutch Molecular Pathology CenterFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityCL UtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Rachel E. Thomas
- Dutch Molecular Pathology CenterFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityCL UtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands,Dutch Molecular Pathology CenterFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityCL UtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Maaike H. Oosterveer
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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13
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Heida A, Gruben N, Catrysse L, Koehorst M, Koster M, Kloosterhuis NJ, Gerding A, Havinga R, Bloks VW, Bongiovanni L, Wolters JC, van Dijk T, van Loo G, de Bruin A, Kuipers F, Koonen DPY, van de Sluis B. The hepatocyte IKK:NF-κB axis promotes liver steatosis by stimulating de novo lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis. Mol Metab 2021; 54:101349. [PMID: 34626855 PMCID: PMC8581577 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity-related chronic inflammation plays an important role in the development of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Although the contribution of the pro-inflammatory NF-κB signaling pathway to the progression from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is well-established, its role as an initiator of hepatic steatosis and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that the hepatocytic NF-κB signaling pathway acts as a metabolic regulator, thereby promoting hepatic steatosis development. METHODS A murine model expressing a constitutively active form of IKKβ in hepatocytes (Hep-IKKβca) was used to activate hepatocyte NF-κB. In addition, IKKβca was also expressed in hepatocyte A20-deficient mice (IKKβca;A20LKO). A20 is an NF-κB-target gene that inhibits the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway upstream of IKKβ. These mouse models were fed a sucrose-rich diet for 8 weeks. Hepatic lipid levels were measured and using [1-13C]-acetate de novo lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis rate were determined. Gene expression analyses and immunoblotting were used to study the lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis pathways. RESULTS Hepatocytic NF-κB activation by expressing IKKβca in hepatocytes resulted in hepatic steatosis without inflammation. Ablation of hepatocyte A20 in Hep-IKKβca mice (IKKβca;A20LKO mice) exacerbated hepatic steatosis, characterized by macrovesicular accumulation of triglycerides and cholesterol, and increased plasma cholesterol levels. Both De novo lipogenesis (DNL) and cholesterol synthesis were found elevated in IKKβca;A20LKO mice. Phosphorylation of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) - a suppressor in lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis - was decreased in IKKβca;A20LKO mice. This was paralleled by elevated protein levels of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 (HMGCS1) and reduced phosphorylation of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) both key enzymes in the cholesterol synthesis pathway. Whereas inflammation was not observed in young IKKβca;A20LKO mice sustained hepatic NF-κB activation resulted in liver inflammation, together with elevated hepatic and plasma cholesterol levels in middle-aged mice. CONCLUSIONS The hepatocytic IKK:NF-κB axis is a metabolic regulator by controlling DNL and cholesterol synthesis, independent of its central role in inflammation. The IKK:NF-κB axis controls the phosphorylation levels of AMPK and HMGCR and the protein levels of HMGCS1. Chronic IKK-mediated NF-κB activation may contribute to the initiation of hepatic steatosis and cardiovascular disease risk in MAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andries Heida
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nanda Gruben
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Leen Catrysse
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martijn Koehorst
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Koster
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels J Kloosterhuis
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Gerding
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rick Havinga
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W Bloks
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Justina C Wolters
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Theo van Dijk
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Geert van Loo
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Departments of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Debby P Y Koonen
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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14
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Bongiovanni L, Andriessen A, Silvestri S, Porcellato I, Brachelente C, de Bruin A. H2AFZ: A Novel Prognostic Marker in Canine Melanoma and a Predictive Marker for Resistance to CDK4/6 Inhibitor Treatment. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:705359. [PMID: 34485433 PMCID: PMC8415453 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.705359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled proliferation is a key feature of tumor progression and malignancy. This suggests that cell-cycle related factors could be exploited as cancer biomarkers and that pathways specifically involved in the cell cycle, such as the Rb-E2F pathway, could be targeted as an effective anti-tumor therapy. We investigated 34 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples of canine cutaneous melanocytoma, cutaneous melanoma, and oral melanoma. Corresponding clinical follow-up data were used to determine the prognostic value of the mRNA expression levels of several cell cycle regulated E2F target genes (E2F1, DHFR, CDC6, ATAD2, MCM2, H2AFZ, GINS2, and survivin/BIRC5). Moreover, using four canine melanoma cell lines, we explored the possibility of blocking the Rb-E2F pathway by using a CDK4/6 inhibitor (Palbociclib) as a potential anti-cancer therapy. We investigated the expression levels of the same E2F target gene transcripts before and after treatment to determine the potential utility of these molecules as predictive markers. The E2F target gene H2AFZ was expressed in 91.43% of the primary tumors and H2AFZ expression was significantly higher in cases with unfavorable clinical outcome. Among the other tested genes, survivin/BIRC5 showed as well-promising results as a prognostic marker in canine melanoma. Three of the four tested melanoma cell lines were sensitive to the CDK4/6 inhibitor. The resistant cell line displayed higher expression levels of H2AFZ before treatment compared to the CDK4/6 inhibitor-sensitive cell lines. The present results suggest that CDK4/6 inhibitors could potentially be used as a new anti-cancer treatment for canine melanoma and that H2AFZ could serve as a prognostic and predictive marker for patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anneloes Andriessen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Ilaria Porcellato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara Brachelente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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15
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Abstract
With a size range from 30 to 1000 nm, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are one of the smallest cell components able to transport biologically active molecules. They mediate intercellular communications and play a fundamental role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and pathogenesis in several types of diseases. In particular, EVs actively contribute to cancer initiation and progression, and there is emerging understanding of their role in creation of the metastatic niche. This fact underlies the recent exponential growth in EV research, which has improved our understanding of their specific roles in disease and their potential applications in diagnosis and therapy. EVs and their biomolecular cargo reflect the state of the diseased donor cells, and can be detected in body fluids and exploited as biomarkers in cancer and other diseases. Relatively few studies have been published on EVs in the veterinary field. This review provides an overview of the features and biology of EVs as well as recent developments in EV research including techniques for isolation and analysis, and will address the way in which the EVs released by diseased tissues can be studied and exploited in the field of veterinary pathology. Uniquely, this review emphasizes the important contribution that pathologists can make to the field of EV research: pathologists can help EV scientists in studying and confirming the role of EVs and their molecular cargo in diseased tissues and as biomarkers in liquid biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bongiovanni
- 90051Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Present address: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Alain de Bruin
- 90051Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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16
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Verboom L, Martens A, Priem D, Hoste E, Sze M, Vikkula H, Van Hove L, Voet S, Roels J, Maelfait J, Bongiovanni L, de Bruin A, Scott CL, Saeys Y, Pasparakis M, Bertrand MJM, van Loo G. OTULIN Prevents Liver Inflammation and Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inhibiting FADD- and RIPK1 Kinase-Mediated Hepatocyte Apoptosis. Cell Rep 2021; 30:2237-2247.e6. [PMID: 32075762 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory signaling pathways are tightly regulated to avoid chronic inflammation and the development of disease. OTULIN is a deubiquitinating enzyme that controls inflammation by cleaving linear ubiquitin chains generated by the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. Here, we show that ablation of OTULIN in liver parenchymal cells in mice causes severe liver disease which is characterized by liver inflammation, hepatocyte apoptosis, and compensatory hepatocyte proliferation, leading to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Genetic ablation of Fas-associated death domain (FADD) completely rescues and knockin expression of kinase inactive receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) significantly protects mice from developing liver disease, demonstrating that apoptosis of OTULIN-deficient hepatocytes triggers disease pathogenesis in this model. Finally, we demonstrate that type I interferons contribute to disease in hepatocyte-specific OTULIN-deficient mice. Our study reveals the critical importance of OTULIN in protecting hepatocytes from death, thereby preventing the development of chronic liver inflammation and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien Verboom
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Arne Martens
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dario Priem
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Esther Hoste
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mozes Sze
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hanna Vikkula
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisette Van Hove
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Voet
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jana Roels
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Sciences, and Statistics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Maelfait
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713, the Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte L Scott
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yvan Saeys
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Sciences, and Statistics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Manolis Pasparakis
- Institute for Genetics, Centre for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Mathieu J M Bertrand
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert van Loo
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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17
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Moreno E, Toussaint MJ, van Essen SC, Bongiovanni L, van Liere EA, Koster MH, Yuan R, van Deursen JM, Westendorp B, de Bruin A. E2F7 Is a Potent Inhibitor of Liver Tumor Growth in Adult Mice. Hepatology 2021; 73:303-317. [PMID: 32259305 PMCID: PMC7898887 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Up-regulation of the E2F-dependent transcriptional network has been identified in nearly every human malignancy and is an important driver of tumorigenesis. Two members of the E2F family, E2F7 and E2F8, are potent repressors of E2F-dependent transcription. They are atypical in that they do not bind to dimerization partner proteins and are not controlled by retinoblastoma protein. The physiological relevance of E2F7 and E2F8 remains incompletely understood, largely because tools to manipulate their activity in vivo have been lacking. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here, we generated transgenic mice with doxycycline-controlled transcriptional activation of E2f7 and E2f8 and induced their expression during postnatal development, in adulthood, and in the context of cancer. Systemic induction of E2f7 and, to lesser extent, E2f8 transgenes in juvenile mice impaired cell proliferation, caused replication stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis, and inhibited animal growth. In adult mice, however, E2F7 and E2F8 induction was well tolerated, yet profoundly interfered with DNA replication, DNA integrity, and cell proliferation in diethylnitrosamine-induced liver tumors. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings demonstrate that atypical E2Fs can override cell-cycle entry and progression governed by other E2F family members and suggest that this property can be exploited to inhibit proliferation of neoplastic hepatocytes when growth and development have subsided during adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Moreno
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Mathilda J.M. Toussaint
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Saskia C. van Essen
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Elsbeth A. van Liere
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam H. Koster
- Division Molecular GeneticsDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Ruixue Yuan
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands,Department of PathologyAcademic Medical CenterAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Jan M. van Deursen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMN,Department of Pediatric and Adolescent MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN
| | - Bart Westendorp
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands,Division Molecular GeneticsDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
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18
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Peppel IP, Rao A, Dommerholt MB, Bongiovanni L, Thomas R, Bruin A, Karpen SJ, Dawson PA, Verkade HJ, Jonker JW. Back Cover: The Beneficial Effects of Apical Sodium‐Dependent Bile Acid Transporter Inactivation Depend on Dietary Fat Composition. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202070055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Sladky VC, Knapp K, Szabo TG, Braun VZ, Bongiovanni L, van den Bos H, Spierings DC, Westendorp B, Curinha A, Stojakovic T, Scharnagl H, Timelthaler G, Tsuchia K, Pinter M, Semmler G, Foijer F, de Bruin A, Reiberger T, Rohr-Udilova N, Villunger A. PIDDosome-induced p53-dependent ploidy restriction facilitates hepatocarcinogenesis. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e50893. [PMID: 33225610 PMCID: PMC7726793 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyploidization frequently precedes tumorigenesis but also occurs during normal development in several tissues. Hepatocyte ploidy is controlled by the PIDDosome during development and regeneration. This multi‐protein complex is activated by supernumerary centrosomes to induce p53 and restrict proliferation of polyploid cells, otherwise prone for chromosomal instability. PIDDosome deficiency in the liver results in drastically increased polyploidy. To investigate PIDDosome‐induced p53‐activation in the pathogenesis of liver cancer, we chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in mice. Strikingly, PIDDosome deficiency reduced tumor number and burden, despite the inability to activate p53 in polyploid cells. Liver tumors arise primarily from cells with low ploidy, indicating an intrinsic pro‐tumorigenic effect of PIDDosome‐mediated ploidy restriction. These data suggest that hyperpolyploidization caused by PIDDosome deficiency protects from HCC. Moreover, high tumor cell density, as a surrogate marker of low ploidy, predicts poor survival of HCC patients receiving liver transplantation. Together, we show that the PIDDosome is a potential therapeutic target to manipulate hepatocyte polyploidization for HCC prevention and that tumor cell density may serve as a novel prognostic marker for recurrence‐free survival in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina C Sladky
- Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katja Knapp
- Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tamas G Szabo
- Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Vincent Z Braun
- Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hilda van den Bos
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Cj Spierings
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Westendorp
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Curinha
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tatjana Stojakovic
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hubert Scharnagl
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Timelthaler
- Institute for Cancer Research, Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kaoru Tsuchia
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Matthias Pinter
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Semmler
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Floris Foijer
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Reiberger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD), Vienna, Austria.,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nataliya Rohr-Udilova
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Villunger
- Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD), Vienna, Austria.,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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20
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van de Peppel IP, Rao A, Dommerholt MB, Bongiovanni L, Thomas R, de Bruin A, Karpen SJ, Dawson PA, Verkade HJ, Jonker JW. The Beneficial Effects of Apical Sodium-Dependent Bile Acid Transporter Inactivation Depend on Dietary Fat Composition. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000750. [PMID: 33079450 PMCID: PMC7757219 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT, SLC10A2) is important in the enterohepatic cycling of bile acids and thereby in the intestinal absorption of lipids. ASBT inhibition has been shown to improve aspects of the metabolic syndrome, but the underlying mechanisms have remained unclear. Here, the effect of ASBT inhibition on the uptake of specific fatty acids and its consequences for diet-induced obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are investigated. METHODS Intestinal fat absorption is determined in mice receiving an ASBT inhibitor and in Asbt-/- mice. Metabolic disease development is determined in Asbt-/- mice receiving a low-fat control diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) or PUFAs. RESULTS Both ASBT inhibition and Asbt gene inactivation reduce total fat absorption, particularly of SFAs. Asbt gene inactivation lowers bodyweight gain, improves insulin sensitivity, and decreases the NAFLD activity score upon feeding a HFD rich in SFAs, but not in PUFAs. CONCLUSIONS The beneficial metabolic effects of ASBT inactivation on diet-induced obesity depend on decreased intestinal absorption of SFAs, and thus on the dietary fatty acid composition. These findings highlight the importance of dietary fatty acid composition in the therapeutic effects of ASBT inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo P. van de Peppel
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 1Groningen9713 GZThe Netherlands
| | - Anuradha Rao
- Department of PediatricsEmory University School of Medicine1760 Haygood Drive NortheastAtlantaGA 30322USA
| | - Marleen B. Dommerholt
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 1Groningen9713 GZThe Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Dutch Molecular Pathology CentreDepartment of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityYalelaan 1Utrecht3584 CLThe Netherlands
| | - Rachel Thomas
- Dutch Molecular Pathology CentreDepartment of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityYalelaan 1Utrecht3584 CLThe Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Dutch Molecular Pathology CentreDepartment of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityYalelaan 1Utrecht3584 CLThe Netherlands
| | - Saul J. Karpen
- Department of PediatricsEmory University School of Medicine1760 Haygood Drive NortheastAtlantaGA 30322USA
| | - Paul A. Dawson
- Department of PediatricsEmory University School of Medicine1760 Haygood Drive NortheastAtlantaGA 30322USA
| | - Henkjan J. Verkade
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 1Groningen9713 GZThe Netherlands
| | - Johan W. Jonker
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 1Groningen9713 GZThe Netherlands
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21
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Silvestri S, Porcellato I, Mechelli L, Menchetti L, Iussich S, De Maria R, Sforna M, Bongiovanni L, Brachelente C. E-Cadherin Expression in Canine Melanocytic Tumors: Histological, Immunohistochemical, and Survival Analysis. Vet Pathol 2020; 57:608-619. [PMID: 32578507 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820934385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin, a glycoprotein involved in cell-cell adhesion, has a pivotal role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a process through which neoplastic epithelial cells develop an invasive phenotype. In human cutaneous melanomas, decreased E-cadherin expression is associated with shorter survival and increased Breslow thickness, whereas in the dog its role is poorly understood. Tumor thickness and modified Clark level were recently proposed as useful features to assess canine melanocytic tumors, but no studies investigated their association with E-cadherin expression. We performed immunohistochemistry on 77 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary canine melanocytic tumors. A 3-tier and a 2-tier classification system for assessing E-cadherin expression were tested, with the latter being more informative for the assessment of canine melanocytic tumors. E-cadherin expression was lower in cutaneous melanomas than melanocytomas, as well as in amelanotic tumors compared to pigmented tumors. In amelanotic melanomas, absent E-cadherin expression was associated with an unfavorable outcome, suggesting a potential use of this marker in defining the prognosis of amelanotic melanomas. E-cadherin expression was lower in tumors with greater tumor thickness and modified Clark level ≥IV, suggesting its possible utility in identifying the most invasive tumors. The expression of E-cadherin in oral melanomas was heterogeneous, but was associated with pigmentation and clinical outcome; thus, E-cadherin evaluation could be advantageous to detect the most aggressive neoplasms. However, cutaneous melanomas without E-cadherin expression frequently had a favorable clinical outcome. Hence, its importance as prognostic factor should be carefully considered depending on the tumor origin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura Bongiovanni
- 90051University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Present address: Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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22
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Drescher HK, Schippers A, Rosenhain S, Gremse F, Bongiovanni L, de Bruin A, Eswaran S, Gallage SU, Pfister D, Szydlowska M, Heikenwalder M, Weiskirchen S, Wagner N, Trautwein C, Weiskirchen R, Kroy DC. L-Selectin/CD62L is a Key Driver of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Mice and Men. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051106. [PMID: 32365632 PMCID: PMC7290433 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD62L (L-Selectin) dependent lymphocyte infiltration is known to induce inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), while its function in the liver, especially in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), remains unclear. We here investigated the functional role of CD62L in NASH in humans as well as in two mouse models of steatohepatitis. Hepatic expression of a soluble form of CD62L (sCD62L) was measured in patients with steatosis and NASH. Furthermore, CD62L−/− mice were fed with a methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks or with a high fat diet (HFD) for 24 weeks. Patients with NASH displayed increased serum levels of sCD62L. Hepatic CD62L expression was higher in patients with steatosis and increased dramatically in NASH patients. Interestingly, compared to wild type (WT) mice, MCD and HFD-treated CD62L−/− mice were protected from diet-induced steatohepatitis. This was reflected by less fat accumulation in hepatocytes and a dampened manifestation of the metabolic syndrome with an improved insulin resistance and decreased cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Consistent with ameliorated disease, CD62L−/− animals exhibited an enhanced hepatic infiltration of Treg cells and a strong activation of an anti-oxidative stress response. Those changes finally resulted in less fibrosis in CD62L−/− mice. Additionally, this effect could be reproduced in a therapeutic setting by administrating an anti-CD62L blocking antibody. CD62L expression in humans and mice correlates with disease activity of steatohepatitis. CD62L knockout and anti-CD62L-treated mice are protected from diet-induced steatohepatitis suggesting that CD62L is a promising target for therapeutic interventions in NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K. Drescher
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.T.); (D.C.K.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Angela Schippers
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (A.S.); (S.E.); (N.W.)
| | - Stefanie Rosenhain
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Felix Gremse
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Centre, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3508 Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.B.); (A.d.B.)
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Centre, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3508 Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.B.); (A.d.B.)
| | - Sreepradha Eswaran
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (A.S.); (S.E.); (N.W.)
| | - Suchira U. Gallage
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.U.G.); (D.P.); (M.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Dominik Pfister
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.U.G.); (D.P.); (M.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Marta Szydlowska
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.U.G.); (D.P.); (M.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.U.G.); (D.P.); (M.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Sabine Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.W.); (R.W.)
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (A.S.); (S.E.); (N.W.)
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.T.); (D.C.K.)
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.W.); (R.W.)
| | - Daniela C. Kroy
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.T.); (D.C.K.)
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23
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Johanna I, Hernández-López P, Heijhuurs S, Bongiovanni L, de Bruin A, Beringer D, van Dooremalen S, Shultz LD, Ishikawa F, Sebestyen Z, Straetemans T, Kuball J. TEG011 persistence averts extramedullary tumor growth without exerting off-target toxicity against healthy tissues in a humanized HLA-A*24:02 transgenic mice. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 107:1069-1079. [PMID: 32022317 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ma0120-228r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
γδT cells play an important role in cancer immunosurveillance and are able to distinguish malignant cells from their healthy counterparts via their γδTCR. This characteristic makes γδT cells an attractive candidate for therapeutic application in cancer immunotherapy. Previously, we have identified a novel CD8α-dependent tumor-specific allo-HLA-A*24:02-restricted Vγ5Vδ1TCR with potential therapeutic value when used to engineer αβT cells from HLA-A*24:02 harboring individuals. αβT cells engineered to express this defined Vγ5Vδ1TCR (TEG011) have been suggested to recognize spatial changes in HLA-A*24:02 present selectively on tumor cells but not their healthy counterparts. However, in vivo efficacy and toxicity studies of TEG011 are still limited. Therefore, we extend the efficacy and toxicity studies as well as the dynamics of TEG011 in vivo in a humanized HLA-A*24:02 transgenic NSG (NSG-A24:02) mouse model to allow the preparation of a first-in-men clinical safety package for adoptive transfer of TEG011. Mice treated with TEG011 did not exhibit any graft-versus-host disease-like symptoms and extensive analysis of pathologic changes in NSG-A24:02 mice did not show any off-target toxicity of TEG011. However, loss of persistence of TEG011 in tumor-bearing mice was associated with the outgrowth of extramedullary tumor masses as also observed for mock-treated mice. In conclusion, TEG011 is well tolerated without harming HLA-A*24:02+ expressing healthy tissues, and TEG011 persistence seems to be crucial for long-term tumor control in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inez Johanna
- Department of Hematology and Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Hernández-López
- Department of Hematology and Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Heijhuurs
- Department of Hematology and Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Pathobiology, Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Pathobiology, Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Beringer
- Department of Hematology and Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne van Dooremalen
- Department of Hematology and Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leonard D Shultz
- Department of Immunology, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Fumihiko Ishikawa
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Zsolt Sebestyen
- Department of Hematology and Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy Straetemans
- Department of Hematology and Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Kuball
- Department of Hematology and Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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24
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Porcellato I, Silvestri S, Menchetti L, Recupero F, Mechelli L, Sforna M, Iussich S, Bongiovanni L, Lepri E, Brachelente C. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in canine melanocytic tumours: An investigation on the prognostic role of CD3 + and CD20 + lymphocytic populations. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 18:370-380. [PMID: 31750993 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The study of the immune response in several types of tumours has been rapidly increasing in recent years with the dual aim of understanding the interactions between neoplastic and immune cells and their importance in cancer pathogenesis and progression, as well as identifying targets for cancer immunotherapy. Despite being considered one of the most immunogenic tumour types, melanoma can progress in the presence of abundant lymphocytic infiltration, therefore suggesting that the immune response is not able to efficiently control tumour growth. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the density, distribution and grade of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in 97 canine melanocytic tumours is associated with histologic indicators of malignancy and can be considered a prognostic factor in the dog. As a further step in the characterization of the immune response in melanocytic tumours, an immunohistochemical investigation was performed to evaluate the two main populations of TILs, T-lymphocytes (CD3+ ) and B-lymphocytes (CD20+ ). The results of our study show that TILs are present in a large proportion of canine melanocytic tumours, especially in oral melanomas, and that the infiltrate is usually mild. The quantity of CD20+ TILs was significantly associated with some histologic prognostic factors, such as the mitotic count, the cellular pleomorphism and the percentage of pigmented cells. Remarkably, a high infiltration of CD20+ TILs was associated with tumour-related death, presence of metastasis/recurrence, shorter overall and disease-free survival, increased hazard of death and of developing recurrence/metastasis, hence representing a potential new negative prognostic factor in canine melanocytic tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Porcellato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Serenella Silvestri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Menchetti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Recupero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luca Mechelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Monica Sforna
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Selina Iussich
- Department of Veterinary Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Elvio Lepri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara Brachelente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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25
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Romanucci M, Defourny SVP, Massimini M, Bongiovanni L, Aste G, Vignoli M, Febo E, Boari A, Della Salda L. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the pancreas in a dog. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 31:879-882. [PMID: 31585512 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719879737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A large, ill-defined, firm, multinodular mass involving the pancreas was confirmed on postmortem examination of a 5-y-old, male Rottweiler that died following acute respiratory distress syndrome, after a period of anorexia and lethargy. Histologically, the mass consisted of plump spindle cells admixed with a variable number of macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and neutrophils. Foci of coagulative necrosis and hemorrhage were also observed. Spindle cells strongly reacted to antibodies against vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, and calponin, whereas desmin was expressed only mildly and focally. Pan-cytokeratin, KIT, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and S100 protein were nonreactive. Variable numbers of MAC 387-positive cells, CD3+ lymphocytes, and numerous blood vessels were also detected throughout the mass. Histologic and IHC findings were consistent with a diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Giovanni Aste
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Massimo Vignoli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Elettra Febo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Andrea Boari
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Romanucci M, Fusillo R, Marcelli M, Massimini M, Malatesta D, Bongiovanni L, Della Salda L. Left atrial appendage rupture due to blunt chest trauma in an Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Vet Ital 2019; 55:275-278. [PMID: 31599553 DOI: 10.12834/vetit.872.4309.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
An adult male Eurasian otter, found dead on the roadside, was submitted for post-mortem examination in April 2014 at the Veterinary Pathology Unit of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Teramo, as part of the RECAL [RECovery and post mortem Analysis of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in the National Park of Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni (Salerno, Italy), and surrounding areas] project. Necropsy revealed an abundant hemothorax associated with multifocal, bilateral pulmonary contusions and lacerations, and a severe hemopericardium characterised by the presence of a wide blood clot in the intact pericardial sac. Two small laceration wounds of the left auricle were found at the base, along the atrioventricular groove, and on the outer free wall. Since myocardial and endocardial tissues showed no other gross and histopathological abnormalities, a left atrial appendage rupture resulting from a blunt chest trauma was diagnosed. Blunt traumatic cardiac rupture is a rarely reported, life-threatening condition in humans. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on a left atrial appendage rupture due to blunt chest trauma in veterinary literature. The possible occurrence of a cardiac rupture following a blunt thoracic injury should be taken into consideration in veterinary emergency care.
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Mihajlovic M, Hariri S, Westphal KCG, Janssen MJ, Oost MJ, Bongiovanni L, van den Heuvel LP, de Bruin A, Hilbrands LB, Masereeuw R. Safety evaluation of conditionally immortalized cells for renal replacement therapy. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5332-5348. [PMID: 31523392 PMCID: PMC6731099 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
End-stage kidney disease represents irreversible kidney failure. Dialysis and transplantation, two main treatment options currently available, present various drawbacks and complications. Innovative cell-based therapies, such as a bioartificial kidney, have not reached the clinic yet, mostly due to safety and/or functional issues. Here, we assessed the safety of conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cells (ciPTECs) for bioartificial kidney application, by using in vitro assays and athymic nude rats. We demonstrate that these cells do not possess key properties of oncogenically transformed cells, including anchorage-independent growth, lack of contact inhibition and apoptosis-resistance. In late-passage cells we did observe complex chromosomal abnormalities favoring near-tetraploidy, indicating chromosomal instability. However, time-lapse imaging of ciPTEC-OAT1, confined to a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM)-based environment, revealed that the cells were largely non-invasive. Furthermore, we determined the viral integration sites of SV40 Large T antigen (SV40T), human telomerase (hTERT) and OAT1 (SLC22A6), the transgenes used for immortalization and cell function enhancement. All integrations sites were found to be located in the intronic regions of endogenous genes. Among these genes, early endosome antigen 1 (EEA1) involved in endocytosis, and BCL2 Like 1 (BCL2L1) known for its role in regulating apoptosis, were identified. Nevertheless, both gene products appeared to be functionally intact. Finally, after subcutaneous injection in athymic nude rats we show that ciPTEC-OAT1 lack tumorigenic and oncogenic effects in vivo, confirming the in vitro findings. Taken together, this study lays an important foundation towards bioartificial kidney (BAK) development by confirming the safety of the cell line intended for incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Mihajlovic
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sam Hariri
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Koen C G Westphal
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manoe J Janssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam J Oost
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Centre, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alain de Bruin
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Centre, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luuk B Hilbrands
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Drescher HK, Weiskirchen R, Fülöp A, Hopf C, de San Román EG, Huesgen PF, de Bruin A, Bongiovanni L, Christ A, Tolba R, Trautwein C, Kroy DC. The Influence of Different Fat Sources on Steatohepatitis and Fibrosis Development in the Western Diet Mouse Model of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). Front Physiol 2019; 10:770. [PMID: 31293441 PMCID: PMC6603084 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the leading cause of chronic liver injury and the third most common reason for liver transplantations in Western countries. It is unclear so far how different fat sources in Western diets (WD) influence the development of NASH. Our study investigates the impact of non-trans fat (NTF) and corn oil (Corn) as fat source in a WD mouse model of steatohepatitis on disease development and progression. C57BL/6J wildtype (WT) mice were fed “standard” WD (WD-Std), WD-NTF or WD-Corn for 24 weeks. WT animals treated with WD-NTF exhibit distinct features of the metabolic syndrome compared to WD-Std and WD-Corn. This becomes evident by a worsened insulin resistance and elevated serum ALT, cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels compared to WD-Corn. Animals fed WD-Corn on the contrary tend to a weakened disease progression in the described parameters. After 24 weeks feeding with WD-NTF and WD-Std, WD-Corn lead to a comparable steatohepatitis initiation by histomorphological changes and immune cell infiltration compared to WD-Std. Immune cell infiltration results in a significant increase in mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α, which is more pronounced in WD-NTF compared to WD-Std and WD-Corn. Interestingly the fat source has no impact on the composition of accumulating fat within liver tissue as determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging of multiple lipid classes. The described effects of different fat sources on the development of steatohepatitis finally resulted in variations in fibrosis development. Animals treated with WD-NTF displayed massive collagen accumulation, whereas WD-Corn even seems to protect from extracellular matrix deposition. Noteworthy, WD-Corn provokes massive histomorphological modifications in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and severe accumulation of extracellular matrix which are not apparent in WD-Std and WD-NTF treatment. Different fat sources in WD-Std contribute to strong steatohepatitis development in WT mice after 24 weeks treatment. Surprisingly, corn oil provokes histomorphological changes in eWAT tissue. Accordingly, both WD-NTF and WD-Corn appear suitable as alternative dietary treatment to replace “standard” WD-Std as a diet mouse model of steatohepatitis whereas WD-Corn leads to strong changes in eWAT morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K Drescher
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Annabelle Fülöp
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Pitter F Huesgen
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3 - Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Annette Christ
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - René Tolba
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science and Experimental Surgery and Central Laboratory for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniela C Kroy
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Frenquelli M, Caridi N, Antonini E, Storti F, Viganò V, Gaviraghi M, Occhionorelli M, Bianchessi S, Bongiovanni L, Spinelli A, Marcatti M, Belloni D, Ferrero E, Karki S, Brambilla P, Martinelli-Boneschi F, Colla S, Ponzoni M, DePinho RA, Tonon G. The WNT receptor ROR2 drives the interaction of multiple myeloma cells with the microenvironment through AKT activation. Leukemia 2019; 34:257-270. [DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0486-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Johanna I, Straetemans T, Heijhuurs S, Aarts-Riemens T, Norell H, Bongiovanni L, de Bruin A, Sebestyen Z, Kuball J. Evaluating in vivo efficacy - toxicity profile of TEG001 in humanized mice xenografts against primary human AML disease and healthy hematopoietic cells. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:69. [PMID: 30871629 PMCID: PMC6419469 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND γ9δ2T cells, which express Vγ9 and Vδ2 chains of the T cell receptor (TCR), mediate cancer immune surveillance by sensing early metabolic changes in malignant leukemic blast and not their healthy hematopoietic stem counterparts via the γ9δ2TCR targeting joined conformational and spatial changes of CD277 at the cell membrane (CD277J). This concept led to the development of next generation CAR-T cells, so-called TEGs: αβT cells Engineered to express a defined γδTCR. The high affinity γ9δ2TCR clone 5 has recently been selected within the TEG format as a clinical candidate (TEG001). However, exploring safety and efficacy against a target, which reflects an early metabolic change in tumor cells, remains challenging given the lack of appropriate tools. Therefore, we tested whether TEG001 is able to eliminate established leukemia in a primary disease model, without harming other parts of the healthy hematopoiesis in vivo. METHODS Separate sets of NSG mice were respectively injected with primary human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts and cord blood-derived human progenitor cells from healthy donors. These mice were then treated with TEG001 and mock cells. Tumor burden and human cells engraftment were measured in peripheral blood and followed up over time by quantifying for absolute cell number by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric 2-tailed Mann-Whitney t-test. RESULTS We successfully engrafted primary AML blasts and healthy hematopoietic cells after 6-8 weeks. Here we report that metabolic cancer targeting through TEG001 eradicated established primary leukemic blasts in vivo, while healthy hematopoietic compartments derived from human cord-blood remained unharmed in spite of TEGs persistence up to 50 days after infusion. No additional signs of off-target toxicity were observed in any other tissues. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of humanized PD-X models, targeting CD277J by TEG001 is safe and efficient. Therefore, we have initiated clinical testing of TEG001 in a phase I first-in-human clinical trial (NTR6541; date of registration 25 July 2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Inez Johanna
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy Straetemans
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Heijhuurs
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tineke Aarts-Riemens
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Håkan Norell
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Zsolt Sebestyen
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Kuball
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Bongiovanni L, Caposano F, Romanucci M, Grieco V, Malatesta D, Brachelente C, Massimini M, Benazzi C, Thomas RE, Salda LD. Survivin and Sox9: Potential Stem Cell Markers in Canine Normal, Hyperplastic, and Neoplastic Canine Prostate. Vet Pathol 2018; 56:200-207. [PMID: 30131013 DOI: 10.1177/0300985818794161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Canine prostatic carcinoma is a relevant model for human prostatic carcinoma. Survivin is proposed as a biomarker of malignancy in human prostatic cancer. Sox9 is a stem cell marker required for prostate development and expressed in several adult tissues. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the patterns and expression levels of 2 putative stem cell markers, survivin and Sox9, in canine benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic carcinoma to investigate their potential as stem cell markers. Immunohistochemistry with specific antibodies was performed on 3 samples of normal prostate gland, 18 samples of canine BPH, and 16 samples of prostatic carcinoma. The basal cell layer of normal and hyperplastic prostatic lobules had nuclear Sox9 immunolabeling and nuclear and rarely cytoplasmic survivin immunostaining, identifying them as potential stem cell markers. Significantly more frequent survivin and Sox9 expression (≥10% of nuclei) was observed in prostatic carcinoma as compared with BPH. The potential coexpression of survivin with Sox9, androgen receptor, and p63 was also investigated in selected BPH and prostatic carcinoma cases with immunofluorescence, and a partial colocalization was observed. Results indicate that Sox9 and survivin could be considered markers of stemness in canine prostate cells. Given its role in proliferation, cells in the basal cell layer with nuclear survivin expression are likely to be transit-amplifying cells that maintain some stem cell proprieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bongiovanni
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.,2 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Valeria Grieco
- 3 Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Malatesta
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Chiara Brachelente
- 4 Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Cinzia Benazzi
- 5 Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rachel E Thomas
- 2 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Di Girolamo N, Fecteau K, Carnimeo A, Bongiovanni L, Fracassi F, Isani G, Selleri P. Variability of serum aldosterone concentrations in pet ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2018; 252:1372-1376. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.252.11.1372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Di Girolamo N, Bongiovanni L, Ferro S, Melidone R, Nicoletti A, Duca VD, Donnelly TM, Selleri P. Cystoscopic diagnosis of polypoid cystitis in two pet rabbits. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2017. [PMID: 28621590 DOI: 10.2460/javma.251.1.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION AS-year-old male Dwarf rabbit and 4-year-old female Mini-Rex rabbit were evaluated because of anorexia and urine scalding of the perineum. CLINICAL FINDINGS Abdominal radiography revealed a diffuse increase in the opacity of the urinary bladder attributable to urinary sludge. In 1 rabbit, abdominal ultrasonography revealed several mass-like lesions protruding from the mucosal surface into the lumen of the urinary bladder. Rabbits were anesthetized, and cystoscopy was performed with a rigid 2.7-mm, 30° endoscope. Histologic analysis of tissue samples obtained through the cystoscope operating channel revealed findings consistent with polypoid cystitis. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME To remove the urinary sludge from each rabbit, the urinary bladder was filled with sterile saline (0.9% NaCl) solution and emptied with a gentle massage several times until the ejected fluid was transparent. Rabbits were treated with NSAIDs, antimicrobials (chosen following microbial culture of urine and antimicrobial susceptibility testing), bathing of the perineum, and a low-calcium diet. The male rabbit died of unrelated causes 18 months later; postmortem examination findings confirmed the polypoid cystitis. The female rabbit remained disease free through to last follow-up (12 months after initial evaluation). CLINICAL RELEVANCE This was the first report of polypoid cystitis in pet rabbits. Although ultrasonographic findings supported this diagnosis, a definitive diagnosis was achieved through cystoscopy and lesion biopsy. Treatments administered were intended to reduce the potential sources of irritation. Research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of the applied interventions and the association between excessive urinary calcium excretion and polyploid cystitis in rabbits.
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Campodonico F, Di Stasi S, Lev GM, Terrone C, Bongiovanni L, Mattioli F, Pagliarulo V, Introini C. Intravesical Chemotherapy and Chemohyperthermia in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer; An Overview on Drug Administration Technologies and Pharmacokinetics. Curr Drug Metab 2017; 18:657-665. [DOI: 10.2174/1389200218666170427092421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/1969] [Revised: 12/31/1969] [Accepted: 12/31/1969] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Campodonico
- Dept. of Abdominal Surgery, Urology Unit, Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - S. Di Stasi
- Dept of Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - G. M. Lev
- Urology Division, Medical Enterprises Group, Amstelveen, Netherlands
| | - C. Terrone
- Division of Urology, IRCCS S Martino University Hospital-IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - F. Mattioli
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - V. Pagliarulo
- Dept of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - C. Introini
- Dept of Abdominal Surgery, Urology Unit, Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy
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Brachelente C, Cappelli K, Capomaccio S, Porcellato I, Silvestri S, Bongiovanni L, De Maria R, Verini Supplizi A, Mechelli L, Sforna M. Transcriptome Analysis of Canine Cutaneous Melanoma and Melanocytoma Reveals a Modulation of Genes Regulating Extracellular Matrix Metabolism and Cell Cycle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6386. [PMID: 28743863 PMCID: PMC5526991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment are considered critical in carcinogenesis, tumor invasion and metastasis. To examine transcriptome changes and to explore the relationship with tumor microenvironment in canine cutaneous melanocytoma and melanoma, we extracted RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens and analyzed them by means of RNA-seq for transcriptional analysis. Melanocytoma and melanoma samples were compared to detect differential gene expressions and significant enriched pathways were explored to reveal functional relations between differentially expressed genes. The study demonstrated a differential expression of 60 genes in melanomas compared to melanocytomas. The differentially expressed genes cluster in the extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, focal adhesion and PI3K-Akt (phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B) signaling pathways. Genes encoding for several collagen proteins were more commonly differentially expressed. Results of the RNA-seq were validated by qRT-PCR and protein expression of some target molecules was investigated by means of immunohistochemistry. We hypothesize that the developing melanoma actively promotes collagen metabolism and extracellular matrix remodeling as well as enhancing cell proliferation and survival contributing to disease progression and metastasis. In this study, we also detected unidentified genes in human melanoma expression studies and uncover new candidate drug targets for further testing in canine melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katia Cappelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 64100, Teramo, Italy
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Luca Mechelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Monica Sforna
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, 06126, Perugia, Italy
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Romanucci M, Massimini M, Valerii V, Malatesta D, Bongiovanni L, Della Salda L. Pathology in Practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2017; 250:1251-1253. [PMID: 28509646 DOI: 10.2460/javma.250.11.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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Brachelente C, Cappelli K, Capomaccio S, Porcellato I, Silvestri S, Bongiovanni L, De Maria R, Silvestrelli M, Mechelli L, Sforna M. Transcriptome analysis of Canine Cutaneous Melanoma and Melanocytoma Reveals Modulation of Genes Involved in Collagen Metabolism and Cell Survival. J Comp Pathol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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38
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Bongiovanni L, Della Salda L, Selleri P, Di Girolamo N. Multifocal Pustular Dermatitis Associated with Malassezia Overgrowth in a Ferret. J Comp Pathol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Massimini M, D'Anselmo A, Malatesta D, Romanucci M, Bongiovanni L, Della Salda L. 17-AAG Inhibits Vasculogenic Mimicry of a Metastatic Osteosarcoma Cell Line. J Comp Pathol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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40
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Massimini M, Palmieri C, De Maria R, Romanucci M, Malatesta D, De Martinis M, Maniscalco L, Ciccarelli A, Ginaldi L, Buracco P, Bongiovanni L, Della Salda L. 17-AAG and Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Mitophagy in Canine Osteosarcoma Cell Lines. Vet Pathol 2016; 54:405-412. [PMID: 28438108 DOI: 10.1177/0300985816681409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Canine osteosarcoma is highly resistant to current chemotherapy; thus, clarifying the mechanisms of tumor cell resistance to treatments is an urgent need. We tested the geldanamycin derivative 17-AAG (17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin) prototype of Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90) inhibitors in 2 canine osteosarcoma cell lines, D22 and D17, derived from primary and metastatic tumors, respectively. With the aim to understand the interplay between cell death, autophagy, and mitophagy, in light of the dual effect of autophagy in regulating cancer cell viability and death, D22 and D17 cells were treated with different concentrations of 17-AAG (0.5 μM, 1 μM) for 24 and 48 hours. 17-AAG-induced apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and mitophagy were assessed by transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence. A simultaneous increase in apoptosis, autophagy, and mitophagy was observed only in the D22 cell line, while D17 cells showed low levels of apoptotic cell death. These results reveal differential cell response to drug-induced stress depending on tumor cell type. Therefore, pharmacological treatments based on proapoptotic chemotherapy in association with autophagy regulators would benefit from a predictive in vitro screening of the target cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Massimini
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - C Palmieri
- 2 School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - R De Maria
- 3 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Pathology, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - M Romanucci
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - D Malatesta
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - M De Martinis
- 4 Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - L Maniscalco
- 3 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Pathology, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - A Ciccarelli
- 5 Faculty of Communication Sciences, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - L Ginaldi
- 4 Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - P Buracco
- 3 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Pathology, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - L Bongiovanni
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - L Della Salda
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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41
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Romanucci M, Defourny SVP, Massimini M, Valerii V, Arbuatti A, Giordano V, Bongiovanni L, Perrone C, Della Salda L. Unexpected Cardiac Death During Anaesthesia of a Young Rabbit Associated with Fibro-fatty Replacement of the Right Ventricular Myocardium. J Comp Pathol 2016; 156:33-36. [PMID: 27894597 PMCID: PMC7094708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A 6-month-old female pet rabbit was presented for routine ovariectomy. The pre-anaesthetic evaluation was unremarkable and no anaesthetic complications occurred during the procedure. However, at the end of the surgery, the rabbit suddenly showed acute bradycardia and cardiac death. Necropsy examination revealed marked dilation of the right ventricle, associated with diffuse thinning of the right ventricular free wall. Gross and histopathological findings were suggestive of a congenital dilated cardiomyopathy characterized by fibro-fatty replacement of the right ventricular myocardium. Similar myocardial lesions have not been previously described in rabbits, although they have been documented in myocardial diseases of man, dogs, cats, cattle, horses and chimpanzees.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Romanucci
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano D'Accio S.P. 18, Teramo, Italy.
| | - S V P Defourny
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano D'Accio S.P. 18, Teramo, Italy
| | - M Massimini
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano D'Accio S.P. 18, Teramo, Italy
| | - V Valerii
- Ambulatorio Veterinario Alba, Via G. De Benedictis, Teramo, Italy
| | - A Arbuatti
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano D'Accio S.P. 18, Teramo, Italy
| | - V Giordano
- Ambulatorio Veterinario Alba, Via G. De Benedictis, Teramo, Italy
| | - L Bongiovanni
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano D'Accio S.P. 18, Teramo, Italy
| | - C Perrone
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano D'Accio S.P. 18, Teramo, Italy
| | - L Della Salda
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano D'Accio S.P. 18, Teramo, Italy
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42
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Romanucci M, Massimini M, Ciccarelli A, Malatesta D, Bongiovanni L, Gasbarre A, Della Salda L. HSP32 and HSP90 Immunoexpression, in Relation to Kit Pattern, Grading, and Mitotic Count in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors. Vet Pathol 2016; 54:222-225. [PMID: 27627984 DOI: 10.1177/0300985816669405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Literature data indicate heat shock protein (Hsp) 32 and 90 as potential molecular targets in canine neoplastic mast cells (MCs). However, their immunoexpression patterns in canine mast cell tumors (MCTs) have not been investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of Hsp32 and Hsp90 in 22 canine cutaneous MCTs, in relation to KIT immunolabeling pattern, histological grade, and mitotic count. All cases showed cytoplasmic labeling of Hsp90, variably associated with nuclear and/or membranous labeling. Relationships of Hsp90 or Hsp32 immunolabeling with KIT pattern, mitotic count, and tumor grade were not observed. However, the reduced Hsp32 immunoexpression observed in most grade III/high-grade MCTs suggests a tendency toward a loss of immunosignal in poorly differentiated MCs. The great heterogeneity in extent and distribution of Hsp90 immunoexpression among the different MCT cases may also partially explain the difficulties in predicting the in vivo biologic activity of Hsp90 inhibitors on canine MCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Romanucci
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - M Massimini
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - A Ciccarelli
- 2 Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - D Malatesta
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - L Bongiovanni
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - A Gasbarre
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - L Della Salda
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Brachelente C, Affolter VK, Fondati A, Porcellato I, Sforna M, Lepri E, Mechelli L, Bongiovanni L. CD3 and CD20 Coexpression in a Case of Canine Cutaneous Epitheliotropic T-Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides). Vet Pathol 2015; 53:563-6. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985815604724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A 14-year-old female spayed Dachshund was presented with generalized scaling, erythema, pruritus, poor quality of hair coat, and progressive weight loss. Cutaneous epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma (CETCL) was suspected. Skin biopsies were suggestive of CETCL. However, immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of numerous CD20+ and CD3+ cells. Clonality assay demonstrated a clonal T-cell receptor gamma rearrangement and a polyclonal IgH gene rearrangement. Double-label immunofluorescence confirmed coexpression of CD3 and CD20 by neoplastic cells. By double immunohistochemistry, neoplastic cells were CD3+ and PAX5–. The results are compatible with a CD3+, CD20+ CETCL. Coexpression of CD20 and CD3 has been recognized in peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Although documented in human CETCL, it has not been reported in canine CETCL. The pathogenetic basis of CD20 expression in mycosis fungoides is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Brachelente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, Perugia, Italy
| | - V. K. Affolter
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A. Fondati
- Centro Veterinario Prati, Viale delle Milizie, Rome, Italy
| | - I. Porcellato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, Perugia, Italy
| | - M. Sforna
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, Perugia, Italy
| | - E. Lepri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, Perugia, Italy
| | - L. Mechelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, Perugia, Italy
| | - L. Bongiovanni
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, Teramo, Italy
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Malatesta D, Simpson VR, Fontanesi L, Fusillo R, Marcelli M, Bongiovanni L, Romanucci M, Palmieri C, Della Salda L. First description of adiaspiromycosis in an Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Italy. Vet Ital 2015; 50:199-202. [PMID: 25273962 DOI: 10.12834/vetit.40.1916.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Adiaspiromycosis is a pulmonary disease caused by the inhalation of the ubiquitous fungus Emmonsia spp., a common soil inhabitant. Information about the replication and dissemination of the fungus from the primary site is lacking. Members of the Family Mustelidae seem to be highly susceptible to this infection, which has been previously reported in otters (Lutra lutra) in Czech Republic/Slovakia, Finland and in the UK. In many cases, Emmonsia‑associated lesions have also been reported as incidental findings during necropsies of otherwise healthy animals. A road‑killed male Eurasian otter was submitted for the post‑mortem examination on 21st December 2009 at the Veterinary Pathology Unit of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Teramo, as part of the RECAL [RECovery and post‑mortem Analysis of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in the National Park of Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni (Salerno, Italy), and surrounding areas] project. Histologically, multifocal round structures with a PAS‑positive thick tri‑laminar wall and a central basophilic granular mass were observed within the alveoli. The adiaspores were surrounded by a severe granulomatous reaction with high number of macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, eosinophils, neutrophils and fibroblasts. Numerous multifocal cholesterol granulomas were observed close to those fungal‑induced. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of adiaspiromycosis in an Eurasian otter in Italy.
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Bongiovanni L, D'Andrea A, Porcellato I, Ciccarelli A, Malatesta D, Romanucci M, Della Salda L, Mechelli L, Brachelente C. Canine cutaneous melanocytic tumours: significance of β-catenin and survivin immunohistochemical expression. Vet Dermatol 2015; 26:270-e59. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bongiovanni
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Teramo; Piazza A. Moro 45 Teramo 64100 Italy
| | - Alessandra D'Andrea
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Teramo; Piazza A. Moro 45 Teramo 64100 Italy
| | - Ilaria Porcellato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; University of Perugia; Via San Costanzo 4 Perugia 06126 Italy
| | - Andrea Ciccarelli
- Faculty of Political Science; University of Teramo; Campus Coste Sant'Agostino Teramo 64100 Italy
| | - Daniela Malatesta
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Teramo; Piazza A. Moro 45 Teramo 64100 Italy
| | - Mariarita Romanucci
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Teramo; Piazza A. Moro 45 Teramo 64100 Italy
| | - Leonardo Della Salda
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Teramo; Piazza A. Moro 45 Teramo 64100 Italy
| | - Luca Mechelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; University of Perugia; Via San Costanzo 4 Perugia 06126 Italy
| | - Chiara Brachelente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; University of Perugia; Via San Costanzo 4 Perugia 06126 Italy
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Bongiovanni L, Suter M, Inverso A, Malatesta D, Romanucci M, Della Salda L, Brachelente C. SOX9 and CK15 stem cell markers in canine sebaceous lesions. J Comp Pathol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.10.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bongiovanni L, Caposano F, Ciccarelli A, Romanucci M, Malatesta D, Benazzi C, Brachelente C, V.Grieco, Massimini M, Della Salda L. Contribution of Stem Cells to Benign and Malignant Canine Prostate Tissues. J Comp Pathol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bongiovanni L, Di Diodoro F, Della Salda L, Brachelente C. On the role of survivin as a stem cell biomarker of canine hair follicle and related tumours. Vet Dermatol 2014; 25:138-41, e39-40. [PMID: 24800266 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survivin has been identified as one of the most cancer-specific molecules, with a dual function of apoptosis inhibitor and orchestrator of cell division. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES Based on our recent results obtained during the study of the role of survivin in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, we investigate its potential role in maintenance of stemness in both the normal canine hair follicle and related tumours. METHODS We performed a simultaneous evaluation, by immunofluorescence, of the expression of survivin and CK15. CK15 was selected as a marker for epidermal and hair follicle stem cells, based on its ability to identify hair follicle stem cells in the normal hair follicle and in canine follicular tumours. In this study, six cases were selected from the cases of hair follicle tumours evaluated in previous studies, based on the highest immunoreactivity for survivin and CK15. Three samples of healthy canine skin were also included as a normal control. RESULTS A partial co-localization of the molecules was observed in normal hair follicles, as well as in trichoepitheliomas and trichoblastomas. In particular, a different co-expression was observed in relationship to the hair follicle cycle stage. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE These findings suggest that survivin could play an important role in the maintenance of the hair follicle cycle as well as in tumour initiation and maintenance of cancer stem cells.
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Selleri P, Di Girolamo N, Vögtlin A, Fileccia I, Hoop R, Bongiovanni L. Cutaneous lesions in pet rabbits following subcutaneous administration of a novel bivalent vaccine against myxomatosis and rabbit haemorrhagic disease. Vet Dermatol 2014; 25:563-6, e100. [PMID: 25227274 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A novel bivalent vaccine to protect against myxomatosis and rabbit haemorrhagic disease is commercially available for pet rabbits. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To describe the appearance of cutaneous lesions arising in pet rabbits positive for myxoma virus (MV) by RT-PCR evaluation shortly after vaccination. ANIMALS Four pet rabbits presenting with papular, crusting skin lesions ~10 days after vaccination. METHODS Histological evaluation of formalin-fixed skin biopsies obtained from lesional skin (case 1). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) evaluation of paraffin-embedded tissue from skin biopsies (case 1) and crusts obtained from the lesion surface (cases 2-4) for myxoma virus are reported as cycle threshold (Ct ) values. RESULTS Lesions affecting the ear pinna, dorsal aspect of the nose, vulva and/or conjunctiva are reported. Histopathological findings included severe ulcerative, necrotizing dermatitis and intralesional cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in myxoma cells. DNA was amplified from all the paraffin-embedded skin biopsies (Ct = 34-35) and crusts (Ct = 20-24). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Although a wild virus challenge cannot be definitively excluded, veterinarians and pet-owners should be aware that cutaneous lesions have been observed after vaccination with this novel vaccine in low numbers of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Selleri
- Clinica per Animali Esotici, Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Via Sandro Giovannini 53, 00145, Rome, Italy
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Romanucci M, Frattone L, Ciccarelli A, Bongiovanni L, Malatesta D, Benazzi C, Brachelente C, Della Salda L. Immunohistochemical expression of heat shock proteins, p63 and androgen receptor in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma in the dog. Vet Comp Oncol 2014; 14:337-349. [PMID: 25059752 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study compared heat shock proteins Hsp60, Hsp72 and Hsp73, along with p63 and androgen receptor (AR) immunoexpression between 16 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 11 prostatic carcinomas (PCa) in dogs. The proportion of Hsp60-positive cells was higher in PCa compared with BPH (P = 0.033), whereas the frequency and intensity of Hsp73 immunostaining did not differ significantly between the two groups. Hsp72-immunostained nuclei formed a discontinuous layer along the basement membrane in BPH, whereas cells in this layer in PCa were negative or weakly positive. Hsp72 nuclear score showed significant positive associations with both p63 (P = 0.016) and AR (P = 0.009) scores. Double immunofluorescence revealed Hsp72-p63 and Hsp72-AR co-expressions in basal cell nuclei. Aberrant cytoplasmic p63 immunolabelling was observed in 3 of 11 PCa cases. These results suggest a role of the combined expression of Hsp72, p63 and AR in basal epithelial cells in canine BPH and PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Romanucci
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - L Frattone
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - A Ciccarelli
- Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - L Bongiovanni
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - D Malatesta
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - C Benazzi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy
| | - C Brachelente
- Department of Biopathological Sciences and Hygiene of Animal and Food Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Della Salda
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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