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Yang QY, Li H, Liu C, Bao ML, Fan QH, Pan MH. [Ewing's sarcoma of central nervous system: a clinicopathological analysis of six cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:1249-1254. [PMID: 38058042 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230907-00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, pathological diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma of the central nervous system. Methods: Six cases of Ewing's sarcoma of the central nervous system diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China from 2015 to 2022 were collected. The clinical manifestations, histological morphology, immunophenotype and molecular genetics of these cases were analyzed. The related literature was reviewed. Results: There were four males and two females, with a male to female ratio of 2∶1. The onset age was 17-40 years, with a median age of 23 years. All 6 tumors were located in the spinal cord (2 cases of cervical vertebra, 1 case of thoracic vertebra, 2 cases of lumbar vertebra, and 1 case of sacral vertebra). The patients' clinical manifestations were mostly lumbago, weakness and numbness of lower limbs/limbs. In 1 case, the tumor recurred and metastasized to the suprasellar region and the third ventricle. Microscopically, the tumor showed diffuse infiltrative growth. In some cases, the tumor was closely related to the spinal meninges. The tumor cells were arranged in sheet, lobular, thin-rope, and nest-like patterns. Homer-Wright rosette was visible. The tumor cells were small to medium in size, and most of them had scant cytoplasm. A few cells had clear cytoplasm. Some areas were rhabdoid. The tumor cell nuclei showed focal mild pleomorphism. The chromatin was uniform and delicate while the nucleoli were not obvious. Mitosis was commonly seen. The tumor was separated by fibrous connective tissue and may be accompanied by mucinous degeneration. Immunohistochemistry showed that all tumors were positive for CD99, NKX2.2, Fli1, ERG. ATRX, H3K27me3, INI1 and BRG1 were all retained. Immunohistochemical stains for EMA, GFAP and Olig2 were negative. The Ki-67 proliferation index was 30%-70%. EWSR1 break-apart FISH test was positive. Conclusions: Ewing's sarcoma is rare in the central nervous system and needs to be distinguished from a variety of neoplasms with primitive undifferentiated small cell morphology. Immunohistochemistry and molecular genetics may be required for a proper diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Yang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M L Bao
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Q H Fan
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M H Pan
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Wan X, Tang JL, Li X, Wang C, Li H, Pan MH. [CIC-rearranged sarcoma: a clinicopathological analysis of four cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:690-695. [PMID: 37408399 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20221228-01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of CIC-rearranged sarcoma (CRS). Methods: Five CRSs of 4 patients (2 biopsies of pelvic cavity and lung metastasis from case 4) diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were enrolled from 2019 to 2021. All cases were evaluated by clinical presentation, H&E, immunohistochemical staining and molecular analysis and the related literature was reviewed. Results: There were one male and three females, the age at diagnosis ranged from 18 to 58 (mean 42.5) years. Three cases were from the deep soft tissues of the trunk and one case from the skin of foot. Grossly, the tumor size ranged from 1 to 16 cm. Microscopically, the tumor was arranged in nodules or solid sheets. The tumor cells were typically round or ovoid, with occasional spindled or epithelioid morphology. The nuclei were round to ovoid with vesicular chromatin and prominent nucleoli. Mitotic figures were brisk (>10/10 HPF). Rhabdoid cells were seen in four of five cases. Myxoid change and hemorrhage were observed in all samples and two cases showed geographic necrosis. Immunohistochemically, CD99 was variably positive in all samples, while WT1 and TLE-1 were positive in four of five samples. Molecular analysis showed CIC-rearrangements in all cases. Two patients succumbed within 3 months. One had mediastinal metastasis 9 months after surgery. One underwent adjuvant chemotherapy and remained tumor-free 10 months after diagnosis. Conclusions: CIC-rearranged sarcoma is uncommon and shows aggressive clinical course with dismal prognosis. The morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics can largely overlap with a variety of sarcomas; hence, knowledge of this entity is vital to avoid potential diagnostic pitfalls. Definitive diagnosis requires molecular confirmation of CIC-gene rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wan
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J L Tang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M H Pan
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Yang QY, Li MN, Chen TY, Liu C, Li X, Shi ZM, Pan MH. [Diffuse midline glioma with H3K27 alteration in adults: a clinicopathological analysis]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:376-383. [PMID: 36973199 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220926-00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, pathological diagnosis and prognosis of diffuse midline glioma (DMG) with H3K27 alteration in adults. Methods: Twenty cases of H3K27-altered adult DMG diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were enrolled from 2017 to 2022. All cases were evaluated by clinical and imaging presentations, HE, immunohistochemical staining and molecular genetics; and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results: The ratio of male to female was 1∶1, and the median age was 53 years (range from 25 to 74 years); the tumors were located in the brainstem (3/20, 15%) and non-brainstem (17/20, 85%; three in thoracolumbar spinal cord and one in pineal region). The clinical manifestations were non-specific, mostly dizziness, headache, blurred vision, memory loss, low back pain, limb sensation and/or movement disorders, etc. Microscopically, the tumors showed infiltrative growth, with WHO grade 2 (3 cases), grade 3 (12 cases), and grade 4 (5 cases). The tumors showed astrocytoma-like and oligdendroglioma-like, pilocytic astrocytoma-like and epithelioid-like patterns. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for GFAP, Olig2 and H3K27M, and H3K27me3 expression was variably lost. ATRX expression was lost in four cases, p53 was strongly positive in 11 cases. Ki-67 index was about 5%-70%. Molecular genetics showed p. k27m mutation in exon 1 of H3F3A gene in 20 cases; BRAF mutation in two cases: V600E and L597Q mutation in one case each. Follow up intervals ranged from 1 to 58 months, and the survival time for brainstem (6.0 months) and non-brainstem (30.4 months) tumors was significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusions: DMG with H3K27 alteration is uncommonly found in adults, mostly occurs in non-brainstem, and can present in adults of all ages. Owing to the wide histomorphologic features, mainly astrocytic differentiation, routine detection of H3K27me3 in midline glioma is recommended. Molecular testing should be performed on any suspected cases to avoid missed diagnosis. Concomitant BRAF L597Q mutation and PPM1D mutation are novel findings. The overall prognosis of this tumor is poor, with tumors located in the brainstem showing worse outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Yang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M N Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - T Y Chen
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Z M Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M H Pan
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China Collaborative Innovation Center for Individualized Oncology Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
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Zhao S, Wang J, Li MN, Ding Y, Pan MH, Song K. [Clinicopathological features of polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:640-646. [PMID: 35785835 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220315-00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY). Methods: Five cases of PLNTY diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital and Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China from 2019 to 2021 were collected. All cases were evaluated using clinical and imaging data, histology, immunohistochemical staining and molecular genetics. The relevant literature was reviewed. Results: There were two male and three female patients, aged 10 to 39 years, with an average age of 25 years. Clinically, the tumors were in the temporal lobe (3 cases), the lateral ventricle (1 case) and the left head of caudate nucleus (1 case). The clinical manifestations included epilepsy in 3 cases, right visual disturbance in 1 case, and post-trauma incidental finding in 1 case. Microscopically, the lesions were characterized with infiltrative growth, cellular pleomorphism (oligodendroglioma-like cells were always present, with low-grade, pleomorphic nuclei) and variable calcifications. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for GFAP and Olig2. They also showed intense and diffuse expression of CD34 while CD34 expressing ramified neural elements were present in regional cortex. Ki-67 proliferation index was less than 3%. Molecular genetics showed the BRAF V600E mutation in 2 cases, the PAK5-Q337R missense mutation in 1 case, the FGFR2-CTNNA3 fusion in 1 case, and the FGFR2-INA and FGFR2-PPRC1 concomitant fusion in 1 case. No postoperative chemoradiotherapy was given. Follow-up intervals ranged from 3 to 29 months while no recurrence or metastasis was identified. Conclusions: PLNTY is uncommon. A definite diagnosis of PLNTY relies on histopathological examination and molecular genetics. It is important to distinguish PLNTY from high grade gliomas and avoid overtreatment. The recently reported the PAK5-Q337R missense mutation and the FGFR2-PPRC1 gene fusion in PLNTY may help diagnose and understand the pathogenesis of PLNTY.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhao
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Pathology, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M N Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Ding
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M H Pan
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Kun Song
- Department of Pathology, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Zhao S, Zhu Y, Pan MH, Hua HJ, Yang QY, Li X, Li H. [Clinicopathological features of clear cell carcinoma of salivary gland in the head and neck]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:494-499. [PMID: 35673719 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20211117-00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical (IHC) and molecular genetic features of clear cell carcinoma (CCC) of salivary gland in the head and neck regions. Methods: Seven cases of CCC diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2018 to 2021 were included. The clinical and pathologic data, HE sections and IHC staining were reviewed, and EWSR1 gene translocation was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The relevant literature was also reviewed. Results: There were five males and two females, with an age range of 32 to 71 years (mean 50 years). The tumors were located in the palate, base of tongue, subglottic, right submaxillary and nasopharynx. Histologically the tumors were composed of sheets, nests, and trabecular of large, monomorphic cells which possessed abundant clear and eosinophilic cytoplasm. The stroma was characterized by abundant hyalinized fibrous strands admixed with cellular fibrous (desmoplastic) tissue. The tumor growth was infiltrative. IHC staining revealed positivity for CKpan and squamous cell immunophenotypic markers (CK5/6, p63 and p40), but negativity for myoepithelial markers (SMA, calponin, GFAP and CD10). The EWSR1 gene translocation was detected by FISH. The prognosis was excellent, with the follow-up periods ranging from 8 months to 33 months. During this period, six patients survived without tumor, only one patient with cervical lymph node metastasis. Conclusions: CCC of salivary gland is rare and needs to be differentiated from various other types of tumors containing clear cells. Awareness of the histopathologic characteristics, and combined with IHC and molecular genetic examination can avoid misdiagnosis. The biological behavior of the tumor is indolent with a good overall prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhao
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M H Pan
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H J Hua
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Q Y Yang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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6
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Pan MH, Li JH, Hua HJ, Yang QY, Song GX, Li H. [Clinicopathological features of ectopic meningothelial hamartoma]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:207-211. [PMID: 35249283 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20211227-00936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ectopic meningothelial hamartoma (EMH). Methods: Three cases of EMH diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2014 to December 2020 were enrolled. All cases were evaluated by clinical and imaging features, HE and immunohistochemical staining, and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results: There were one male and two female patients, aged 2, 67 and 19 years, respectively. Clinically, they presented as skin masses in the head and face region (two cases) and sacro-coccygeal region (one case). Grossly, the lesions ranged in size from 1.6 cm to 8.9 cm. Microscopically, the lesions were ill-defined, and located in the dermis and subcutis, and showed pseudovascular channels lined by monolayer of cuboidal to flattened epithelium with mild atypia, with variable cystic cavity formation. There was prominent interstitial fibrosis. Concentric, lamellated, onion skin-like arrangement with short spindle or ovoid cells and psammoma bodies were noted. Immunohistochemically, these cells were strongly positive for SSTR2, EMA, vimentin and progesterone receptor. Ki-67 positive index was low, approximately 1%. Conclusions: EMH is uncommon. Definitive diagnosis relies on histopathologic examination. The importance in recognizing the lesions is to differentiate from other more aggressive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pan
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J H Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H J Hua
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Q Y Yang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - G X Song
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Pan MH, Yang M. [Morphological observation on the anterior ciliary vessels in the horizontal rectus muscles of patients with concomitant horizontal strabismus]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2020; 56:197-204. [PMID: 32187948 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the number of blood vessels and the anatomical characteristics of the anterior ciliary vessels (ACVs) in the horizontal rectus muscles of patients with concomitant horizontal strabismus. Methods: Cross-sectional study. From July 2016 to September 2019 patients with concomitant horizontal strabismus treated by realignment surgeries in Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University were included. Patients who had previous operations on eyes were excluded. The high resolution surgical imaging of ACVs in the horizontal rectus muscles was performed during operation. The photos of ACVs in muscles were tagged and observed to compare the distribution of the various numbers of blood vessels and morphological characteristics of the ACVs in the medial and lateral rectus muscles. In addition, muscle tissues about 4 mm with an intact sheath were gained from patients undergoing the muscle resection. The muscle sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the arteriovenous properties and their distribution in muscles and fascia tissues were observed. The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 387 patients with concomitant horizontal strabismus (176 with esotropia, 211 with exotropia) were enrolled in this study, among whom 198 were male and 189 were female. The age ranged from 1 to 68 years (median, 13 years). Photos of ACVs in 742 horizontal rectus muscles from 383 patients were observed. Of the 351 medial rectus muscles, 24 (6.8%) contained 1 major (or bundle of) ACV, 163 (46.4%) contained 2 major (or bundles of) ACVs, and 164 (46.7%) contained 3 or more major (or bundles of) ACVs. Of the 391 lateral rectus muscles, 161 (41.2%) contained 1 major (or bundle of) ACV, 156 (39.9%) contained 2 major (or bundles of) ACVs, and 74 (18.9%) contained 3 or more major (or bundles of) ACVs. The distribution of ACVs in the medial and lateral rectus muscles was statistically different (χ(2)=133.87, P<0.01). According to the number and morphological characteristics of vessels, the ACVs in the medial and lateral rectus muscles were divided into 4 and 3 categories, respectively, as well as various types and subtypes. The rate of patients whose both eyes had the same type of ACVs in the medial or lateral rectus muscles was 31.6% (25/79) and 26.1% (29/111), respectively, and there was no significant difference (χ(2)=0.69, P=0.41). However, the ACVs of the same type from both eyes of the same patient were not identical in morphology. The ACVs in the medial and lateral rectus muscles with collateral circulation accounted for 3.7% (13/351) and 24.3% (95/391), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ(2)=63.07, P<0.01). The hematoxylin-eosin staining of the medial lateral rectus tissues from 4 patients showed that the ACVs contained arteries and veins. The vessels in the medial rectus muscles were distributed in muscle tissue and fascia tissue, while the vessels in the lateral rectus muscles were only distributed in fascia tissue. Conclusions: Compared with the lateral rectus muscles, there are about 50% medial rectus muscles contain more than 3 major (or bundles of) vessels in patients with concomitant horizontal strabismus. The accompanying patterns of arteries and veins of ACVs are varied. ACVs are distributed in muscle tissue of the medial rectus muscles and in fascia tissue of the medial and lateral rectus muscles. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56: 197-204).
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pan
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
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Chen TT, Tan LR, Hu N, Dong ZQ, Hu ZG, Qin Q, Long JQ, Chen P, Xu AY, Pan MH, Lu C. Specific genes related to nucleopolyhedrovirus in Bombyx mori susceptible and near-isogenic resistant strains through comparative transcriptome analysis. Insect Mol Biol 2019; 28:473-484. [PMID: 30632225 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is one of the primary pathogens that causes severe economic losses to sericulture. Comparative transcriptomics analysis has been widely applied to explore the antiviral mechanism in resistant strains. Here, to identify genes involved in BmNPV infection, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) between two Bombyx mori strains: strain 871 (susceptible to BmNPV infection) and the near-isogenic strain 871C (resistant to BmNPV). Our results showed that 400 genes were associated with resistance in strain 871C, and 76 genes were related to susceptibility in strain 871. In addition, the correlation analysis of DEGs and WGCNA showed that 40 genes related to resistance were highly expressed in the resistant strain. Among them, gene BGIBMGA004291 was the most noticeable. We further identified the effect of gene BGIBMGA004291, which encoded a multiprotein bridge factor 2 (MBF2) family member (MBF2-10), on viral infection in cells. Our data suggested that MBF2-10 inhibited viral infection. Taken together, this study showed specific module trait correlations related to viral infection in strains 871 and 871C, and we identified a resistance-related gene. These findings suggested promising candidate genes with antiviral activity, aiding in the analysis of the antiviral molecular mechanisms in resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-T Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - L-R Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - N Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Z-Q Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Z-G Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Q Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - J-Q Long
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - P Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - A-Y Xu
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China
| | - M-H Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - C Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Chen W, Pan MH, Li X, Ding Y, Gong QX, Song GX, Wang Z, Zhang ZH. [Adenoid glioblastoma with a predominance of poorly differentiated carcinoma-like component: a clinicopathological analysis of 4 cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2019; 48:391-394. [PMID: 31104681 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Chen
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital(the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing 210029, China
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Yao T, Feng D, Pan MH, Cheng YP, Li CX, Wang J, Feng YL, Shi J, Su T, Chen Q, Shi S, Wang SP. [Related factors and interaction on HIV/HCV co-infection of patients access to methadone maintenance treatment]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018; 39:631-635. [PMID: 29860807 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of HIV/HCV co-infection and explore the influence factors and their interaction on HIV/HCV co-infection of patient's access to methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Methods: A face to face interviews were conducted among 750 patients at two MMT clinics in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The questionnaires information included demographic characteristics, HIV and HCV infection status, history of drug abuse, urine test for morphine, high risk sex behaviors, needle sharing, dropped out etc. Methods of χ(2) test one-way, multivariate logistic regression and interactions were used to analyze the related factors of HIV/HCV co-infection. Results: The study subjects included 750 participants, 18.31% (127/691) of patients were co-infected with HIV and HCV. The HIV/HCV co-infection rate in patients who shared needles with others or dropped out of treatment was 35.84% (81/226) and 19.88% (64/322) respectively, which were higher than those who have never shared needles or dropped out (9.89%, 46/465 and 17.07%, 63/369). Logistic regression analysis results showed that after adjusted for confounding factors, patients who shared needles (OR=4.50, 95%CI: 2.72-7.43) and dropped out of treatment (OR=1.71, 95%CI: 1.04-2.80) were more likely to be infected with HIV/HCV. Interaction analysis showed that sharing needles and dropping out of treatment exist additive effect on co-infection of HIV and HCV (RERI=4.21, AP=0.44, SI=1.95). Conclusions: Needle sharing and dropping out of treatment are associated with HIV/HCV co-infection. Health education, psychological counseling and other measures should be taken to reduce needle sharing and dropping out of MMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - D Feng
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - M H Pan
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Y P Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - C X Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Y L Feng
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - J Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - T Su
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - S Shi
- Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clinic, Nanning Red Cross Hospital, Nanning 530012, China
| | - S P Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Du XL, Gao H, Li MN, Li X, Fan QH, Pan MH. [Gliosarcoma with multi-directional differentiation: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2018; 47:870-872. [PMID: 30423616 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Tang XF, Zhou XL, Zhang Q, Chen P, Lu C, Pan MH. Bombyx mori cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor is involved in regulation of the silkworm cell cycle. Insect Mol Biol 2018; 27:404-413. [PMID: 29512228 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) are negative regulators of the cell cycle. They can bind to cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-cyclin complexes and inhibit CDK activities. We identified a single homologous gene of the CDK interacting protein/kinase inhibitory protein (Cip/Kip) family, BmCKI, in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. The gene transcribes two splice variants: a 654-bp-long BmCKI-L (the longer splice variant) encoding a protein with 217 amino acids and a 579-bp-long BmCKI-S (the shorter splice variant) encoding a protein with 192 amino acids. BmCKI-L and BmCKI-S contain the Cip/Kip family conserved cyclin-binding domain and the CDK-binding domain. They are localized in the nucleus and have an unconventional bipartite nuclear localization signal at amino acid residues 181-210. Overexpression of BmCKI-L or BmCKI-S affected cell cycle progression; the cell cycle was arrested in the first gap phase of cell cycle (G1). RNA interference of BmCKI-L or BmCKI-S led to cells accumulating in the second gap phase and the mitotic phase of cell cycle (G2/M). Both BmCKI-L and BmCKI-S are involved in cell cycle regulation and probably have similar effects. The transgenic silkworm with BmCKI-L overexpression (BmCKI-L-OE), exhibited embryonic lethal, larva developmental retardation and lethal phenotypes. These results suggest that BmCKI-L might regulate the growth and development of silkworm. These findings clarify the function of CKIs and increase our understanding of cell cycle regulation in the silkworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-F Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - X-L Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Q Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - P Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Genomics, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - C Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Genomics, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - M-H Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Genomics, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Shi ZM, Wang L, Shen H, Jiang CF, Ge X, Li DM, Wen YY, Sun HR, Pan MH, Li W, Shu YQ, Liu LZ, Peiper SC, He J, Jiang BH. Downregulation of miR-218 contributes to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis in lung cancer by targeting Slug/ZEB2 signaling. Oncogene 2017; 36:2577-2588. [PMID: 28192397 PMCID: PMC5422710 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been recognized as a key element of cell migration and invasion in lung cancer; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Recently, emerging evidence suggest that miRNAs have crucial roles in control of EMT and EMT-associated traits such as migration, invasion and chemoresistance. Here, we found that miR-218 expression levels were significantly downregulated in lung cancer tissues compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues, and the levels of miR-218 were significantly associated with histological grades and lymph node metastasis. Overexpression of miR-218 inhibited cell migration and invasion as well as the EMT process. Of particular importance, miR-218 was involved in the metastatic process of lung cancer cells in vivo by suppressing local invasion and distant colonization. We identified Slug and ZEB2 as direct functional targets of miR-218. Inverse correlations were observed between miR-218 levels and Slug/ZEB2 levels in cancer tissue samples. In addition, overexpression of miR-218 in H1299 increased chemosensitivity of cells to cisplatin treatment through suppression of Slug and ZEB2. These findings highlight an important role of miR-218 in the regulation of EMT-related traits and metastasis of lung cancer in part by modulation of Slug/ZEB2 signaling, and provide a potential therapeutic strategy by targeting miR-218 in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-M Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Wang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - C-F Jiang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Ge
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - D-M Li
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y-Y Wen
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - H-R Sun
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - M-H Pan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - W Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Y-Q Shu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - L-Z Liu
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S C Peiper
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J He
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - B-H Jiang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Li C, Zhang ZH, Pan MH, Fan QH. [Sporadic primary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: a clinicopathologic study]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2016; 45:333-335. [PMID: 27142917 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Chen XY, Liu J, Zhang CD, Li YF, Liu TH, Wang L, Yu QY, Zhang YH, Lu C, Pan MH. The silkworm GSTe4 is sensitive to phoxim and protects HEK293 cells against UV-induced cell apoptosis. Bull Entomol Res 2015; 105:399-407. [PMID: 25850432 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485315000279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs, EC 2.5.1.18) are a family of super enzymes with multiple functions that play a major role in the detoxification of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. In our previous study, we have predicted 23 putative cytosolic GSTs in the silkworm genome using bioinformatic methods. In this study, we cloned and studied the insect-specific epsilon-class GST gene GSTe4 from the silkworm, Bombyx mori. The recombinant BmGSTe4 (Bac-BmGSTe4) was overexpressed in SF-9 cell lines, and it was found to have effective GST activity. We also found that the expression of BmGSTe4 was especially down-regulated after the silkworms were fumigated with or ingested phoxim. Moreover, BmGSTe4 protected HEK293 cells against UV-induced cell apoptosis. These results demonstrated that BmGSTe4 has GST activity, is sensitive to phoxim, and plays a role in inhibition of UV-induced cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - J Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - C D Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - Y F Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - T H Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - L Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - Q Y Yu
- The Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China
| | - Y H Zhang
- The Sericultural Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science,Sichuan 637000,China
| | - C Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - M H Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
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Nascimento VB, Freeland JW, Saniz R, Moore RG, Mazur D, Liu H, Pan MH, Rundgren J, Gray KE, Rosenberg RA, Zheng H, Mitchell JF, Freeman AJ, Veltruska K, Plummer EW. Surface-stabilized nonferromagnetic ordering of a layered ferromagnetic manganite. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:227201. [PMID: 20366122 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.227201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An outstanding question regarding the probing or possible device applications of correlated electronic materials (CEMs) with layered structure is the extent to which their bulk and surface properties differ or not. The broken translational symmetry at the surface can lead to distinct functionality due to the charge, lattice, orbital, and spin coupling. Here we report on the case of bilayered manganites with hole doping levels corresponding to bulk ferromagnetic order. We find that, although the hole doping level is measured to be the same as in the bulk, the surface layer is not ferromagnetic. Further, our low-energy electron diffraction and x-ray measurements show that there is a c-axis collapse in the outermost layer. Bulk theoretical calculations reveal that, even at fixed doping level, the relaxation of the Jahn-Teller distortion at the surface is consistent with the stabilization of an A-type antiferromagnetic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Nascimento
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA.
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Nascimento VB, Li A, Jayasundara DR, Xuan Y, O'Neal J, Pan S, Chien TY, Hu B, He XB, Li G, Sefat AS, McGuire MA, Sales BC, Mandrus D, Pan MH, Zhang J, Jin R, Plummer EW. Surface geometric and electronic structures of BaFe2As2(001). Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:076104. [PMID: 19792665 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.076104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BaFe2As2 exhibits properties that are characteristic of the parent compounds of the newly discovered iron (Fe)-based high-T(C) superconductors. By combining real-space imaging of scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM+STS) with momentum-space quantitative low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), we have identified the surface plane of cleaved BaFe2As2 crystals as the As terminated Fe-As layer-the plane where superconductivity occurs. LEED and STM+STS data on the BaFe2As2(001) surface indicate an ordered arsenic (As) terminated metallic surface without reconstruction or lattice distortion. It is surprising that STM images the different Fe-As orbitals associated with the orthorhombic structure, but not the As atoms in the surface plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Nascimento
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001, USA.
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Abstract
Abdominal-A (adb-A) is a key gene in the development of insects. To understand its function in the silkworm, we cloned 1193 bp of the abd-A gene of Bombyx mori (Bmabd-A), including the complete coding sequence and part of the 3' untranslated region sequence. Bmabd-A has at least three mRNA splice variants with coding sequences of lengths 1032, 1044 and 1059 bp, encoding 343, 347 and 352 amino acids, respectively. Each splice variant of Bmabd-A has three exons and differs only in second exon size. Bmabd-A was expressed at low levels in unfertilized eggs, but increased gradually in fertilized eggs after laying 22 h. Bmabd-A expression decreased in ant silkworms (newly hatched silkworms). After RNA interference for Bmabd-A, the embryos had two mutant phenotypes, either completely or partially absent abdominal feet from the third to sixth abdominal segments, suggesting that Bmabd-A is responsible for normal development of the third to sixth abdominal segments during embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-H Pan
- Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Pan MH, Huang SC, Liao YP, Schaue D, Wang CC, Stout DB, Barrio JR, McBride WH. FLT-PET imaging of radiation responses in murine tumors. Mol Imaging Biol 2008; 10:325-34. [PMID: 18670825 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-008-0158-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Revised: 03/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3'-[F-18]fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine (FLT) traces thymidine phosphorylation catalyzed by thymidine kinase during cell proliferation. Knowing the rate of cell proliferation during cancer treatment, such as radiation therapy, would be valuable in assessing whether tumor recurrence is likely and might indicate the need for additional treatments. However, the relationship between FLT kinetics and the effects of radiation is not well-understood. Nor has the method for optimal quantification of FLT uptake within the irradiated tumor microenvironment been extensively examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed dynamic FLT-positron emission tomography (PET) studies (60 min) on 22 mice implanted subcutaneously with syngeneic mammary MCaK tumors bilaterally in the shoulder area. A day before the FLT-PET imaging, the tumor on the right side was irradiated with a single dose (0, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 Gy) or with fractionated exposures (4x2.5 Gy given in 12 h intervals). Standardized uptake value (SUVs) of FLT on tumors at 10 and 60 min post injection were calculated; model fitting was used to estimate the kinetic parameters. Significant radiation-induced changes were shown by comparing the irradiated tumor with the control tumor in the same animal and by comparing it to nonirradiated mice. The effect of radiation on MCaK cell cycle parameters and FLT uptake was also examined in vitro. RESULTS In vivo FLT kinetics were sensitive to radiation doses of 5 Gy and higher (administered 1 day earlier), as judged by SUV semiquantitative measures and by modeling. Single irradiation with 10 Gy had greater impact on SUVs and kinetic parameters than fractionated exposures. Overall, the uptake constant Ki appeared to be the best marker for these radiation effects. FLT uptake by irradiated cells in vitro at various doses gave similar findings, and the in vitro FLT uptake correlated well with Ki. Radiation-induced G2/M arrest appeared to influence FLT uptake, and this was more pronounced after single than fractionated doses. CONCLUSION The kinetics of FLT uptake into murine mammary tumors was altered 1 day after radiation treatment. The dose-dependent response correlated well with in vitro FLT cellular uptake. Parameters (e.g., Ki) derived from FLT kinetics are expected to be useful for assessing the efficacy of irradiation treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pan
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California in Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Liu XH, Pan MH, Lu ZF, Wu B, Rao Q, Zhou ZY, Zhou XJ. Expression of Wnt-5a and its clinicopathological significance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig Liver Dis 2008; 40:560-7. [PMID: 18294932 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2007.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2007] [Revised: 12/13/2007] [Accepted: 12/14/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The functions of Wnt-5a in human cancers are controversial and unclear. AIM To investigate the clinical significance of Wnt-5a expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Real-time quantitative Reverse transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction was done to evaluate Wnt-5a gene expression. Wnt-5a, beta-catenin, E-cadherin and Ki-67 were examined immunohistochemically in 114 hepatocellular carcinoma cases. RESULTS Compared to normal tissue, Wnt-5a mRNA expression was clearly increased in hepatocellular carcinoma, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. On immunohistochemistry, immunostaining of Wnt-5a showed a bell-shaped pattern: low to undetectable levels were present in normal tissue and in tumour samples, whereas strong immunostaining was seen in chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and dysplastic liver cells. Reduction or loss of Wnt-5a protein expression was found in 80.7% of hepatocellular carcinoma cases (n=92) and was significantly associated with higher tumour stage (p<0.001), serum AFP level (p=0.025), low membranous expression of E-cadherin (p<0.0001) and beta-catenin (p=0.036) and high Ki-67 labelling indices (LIs, p=0.001). CONCLUSION Wnt-5a mRNA and protein levels are higher than normal in hepatitis and cirrhosis and appear to be related to the presence of hepatitis B virus infection. However, Wnt-5a protein expression is frequently lost in hepatocellular carcinoma; this supports the notion that this protein has a tumour suppressor function in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Liu
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
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Abstract
Scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory are used to develop a new structural model for surface reconstructions driven by Ti interstitials on TiO2(110). Ti interstitials form the edge- or face-sharing octahedra that serve as building blocks for (1 x 1) reconstruction. Thus, contrary to conventional wisdom, the 1 x 1 periodicity is insufficient to establish the correct surface stoichiometry. Furthermore, in our structural and compositional model the reversible oxidation or reduction between (1 x 1) and (1 x 2) is entirely achieved by transfer of the added rows.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Park
- Department of Physics, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, USA
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Pan MH, Wu YW, Yen RF, Tzen KY, Liao SL, Kao CH. Different fibrovascularization rate between coralline hydroxyapatite and high density porous polyethylene (Medpore) measured by 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy 6 months after intraorbital implantation. Nucl Med Commun 2004; 24:1237-41. [PMID: 14627850 DOI: 10.1097/00006231-200312000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Many materials and types of implant have been used to achieve a cosmetic effect and prosthesis motility in the anophthalmic socket. Hydroxyapatite remains the implant material of choice for producing the most natural prosthesis motility while porous polyethylene shows promising characteristics as another useful material. The aim of this study was to compare the fibrovascular ingrowth rates of orbital implants between coralline hydroxyapatite and high density porous polyethylene (Medpore). The fibrovascularization rate is determined by bone imaging using 99mTc methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) 6 months after implantation. Our study included 29 patients with coralline, and nine patients with Medpore implants. Our results showed that groups with coralline implants appearing to achieve complete fibrovascularization at a much more rapid rate than those with Medpore. The differences in rate were statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-H Pan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
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Cheng AL, Hsu CH, Lin JK, Hsu MM, Ho YF, Shen TS, Ko JY, Lin JT, Lin BR, Ming-Shiang W, Yu HS, Jee SH, Chen GS, Chen TM, Chen CA, Lai MK, Pu YS, Pan MH, Wang YJ, Tsai CC, Hsieh CY. Phase I clinical trial of curcumin, a chemopreventive agent, in patients with high-risk or pre-malignant lesions. Anticancer Res 2001; 21:2895-900. [PMID: 11712783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a yellow substance from the root of the plant Curcuma longa Linn., has been demonstrated to inhibit carcinogenesis of murine skin, stomach, intestine and liver. However, the toxicology, pharmacokinetics and biologically effective dose of curcumin in humans have not been reported. This prospective phase-I study evaluated these issues of curcumin in patients with one of the following five high-risk conditions: 1) recently resected urinary bladder cancer; 2) arsenic Bowen's disease of the skin; 3) uterine cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN); 4) oral leucoplakia; and 5) intestinal metaplasia of the stomach. Curcumin was taken orally for 3 months. Biopsy of the lesion sites was done immediately before and 3 months after starting curcumin treament. The starting dose was 500 mg/day. If no toxicity > or = grade II was noted in at least 3 successive patients, the dose was then escalated to another level in the order of 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, 8,000, and 12,000 mg/day. The concentration of curcumin in serum and urine was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). A total of 25 patients were enrolled in this study. There was no treatment-related toxicity up to 8,000 mg/day. Beyond 8,000 mg/day, the bulky volume of the drug was unacceptable to the patients. The serum concentration of curcumin usually peaked at 1 to 2 hours after oral intake of crucumin and gradually declined within 12 hours. The average peak serum concentrations after taking 4,000 mg, 6,000 mg and 8,000 mg of curcumin were 0.51 +/- 0.11 microM, 0.63 +/- 0.06 microM and 1.77 +/- 1.87 microM, respectively. Urinary excretion of curcumin was undetectable. One of 4 patients with CIN and 1 of 7 patients with oral leucoplakia proceeded to develop frank malignancies in spite of curcumin treatment. In contrast, histologic improvement of precancerous lesions was seen in 1 out of 2 patients with recently resected bladder cancer, 2 out of 7 patients of oral leucoplakia, 1 out of 6 patients of intestinal metaplasia of the stomach, I out of 4 patients with CIN and 2 out of 6 patients with Bowen's disease. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that curcumin is not toxic to humans up to 8,000 mg/day when taken by mouth for 3 months. Our results also suggest a biologic effect of curcumin in the chemoprevention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei.
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Lee Y, Huang SJ, Lin PC, Lai HY, Pan MH. Low dose fentanyl and propofol improve the speed and quality of tidal-breathing induction techniques in sevoflurane anesthesia for adults. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 2001; 39:83-8. [PMID: 11475180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate whether low dose fentanyl, with or without low dose propofol, as pretreatment agent/s is capable of speeding up and improving the quality of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion in tidal-breathing induction technique with high-concentration sevoflurane. METHODS One hundred and twenty patients were assigned to one of the three groups: Group S, induction with 8% sevoflurane only; Group F + S, 1.0 microgram/kg fentanyl prior to induction; and Group F + P + S, 1.0 microgram/kg fentanyl and 0.5 mg/kg propofol prior to induction. RESULTS It was demonstrated that the time from administration of drug (drugs) to loss of eyelash reflex (P < 0.05, Group F + P + S vs. F + S; P < 0.01, Group F + P + S vs. S), to jaw relaxation (P < 0.05, Group F + P + S vs. S) and time taken for LMA insertion (P < 0.01, Group F + P + S vs. S) were all shorter in Group F + P + S, with fewer complications (coughing and involuntary movement) during induction, however, the first time success rate with LMA insertion did not significantly differ among the comparing groups. According to a postoperative inquiry (by questionnaire), there were significantly more patients in the Group F + P + S (57.5%) who considered the induction as pleasant (P < 0.05), of whom 75% expressed that they would be willing to undergo an induction of the same form again in the future (P < 0.05). This more positive rating may be related to the mild sedative effects of the agents given and shorter induction time, which significantly helped reduce the rate of recall of the unpleasant gas. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study of LMA insertion, for ASA I or II adult patients undergoing the tidal-breathing technique with 8% sevoflurane, suggest that pretreatment with 1 microgram/kg fentanyl plus 0.5 mg/kg propofol is superior in comparison with either pretreatment with 1 microgram/kg fentanyl or absence of pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, No 707, Section 3, Chung Yang Rd., Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Pan MH, Chang WL, Lin-Shiau SY, Ho CT, Lin JK. Induction of apoptosis by garcinol and curcumin through cytochrome c release and activation of caspases in human leukemia HL-60 cells. J Agric Food Chem 2001; 49:1464-1474. [PMID: 11312881 DOI: 10.1021/jf001129v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone, was purified from Garcinia indica fruit rind. The effects of garcinol and curcumin on cell viability in human leukemia HL-60 cells were investigated. Garcinol and curcumin displayed strong growth inhibitory effects against human leukemia HL-60 cells, with estimated IC(50) values of 9.42 and 19.5 microM, respectively. Garcinol was able to induce apoptosis in a concentration- and time-dependent manner; however, curcumin was less effective. Treatment with garcinol caused induction of caspase-3/CPP32 activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but not caspase-1 activity, and induced the degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Pretreatment with caspase-3 inhibitor inhibited garcinol-induced DNA fragmentation. Treatment with garcinol (20 microM) caused a rapid loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c into cytosol, and subsequent induction of procaspase-9 processing. The cleavage of D4-GDI, an abundant hematopoietic cell GDP dissociation inhibitor for the Ras-related Rho family GTPases, occurred simultaneously with the activation of caspase-3 but preceded DNA fragmentation and the morphological changes associated with apoptotic cell death. Of these, Bcl-2, Bad, and Bax were studied. The level of expression of Bcl-2 slightly decreased, while the levels of Bad and Bax were dramatically increased in cells treated with garcinol. These results indicate that garcinol allows caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease to enter the nucleus and degrade chromosomal DNA and induces DFF-45 (DNA fragmentation factor) degradation. It is suggested that garcinol-induced apoptosis is triggered by the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, procaspase-9 processing, activation of caspase-3 and caspase-2, degradation of PARP, and DNA fragmentation caused by the caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease through the digestion of DFF-45. The induction of apoptosis by garcinol may provide a pivotal mechanism for its cancer chemopreventive action.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pan
- Institutes of Biochemistry and Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Pan MH, Liang YC, Lin-Shiau SY, Zhu NQ, Ho CT, Lin JK. Induction of apoptosis by the oolong tea polyphenol theasinensin A through cytochrome c release and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in human U937 cells. J Agric Food Chem 2000; 48:6337-6346. [PMID: 11312805 DOI: 10.1021/jf000777b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the growth inhibitory effects of theasinensin A (from oolong tea) and black tea polyphenols, including theaflavin (TF-1), a mixture (TF-2) of theaflavin-3-gallate (TF-2a) and theaflavin-3'-gallate (TF-2b), and theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TF-3) in human cancer cells. Theasinensin A, TF-1, and TF-2 displayed strong growth inhibitory effects against human histolytic lymphoma U937, with estimated IC50 values of 12 microM, but were less effective against human acute T cell leukemia Jurkat, whereas TF-3 and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) had lower activities. The molecular mechanisms of tea polyphenol-induced apoptosis as determined by annexin V apoptosis assay, DNA fragmentation, and caspase activation were further investigated. Loss of membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were also detected by flow cytometry. Treatment with tea polyphenols caused rapid induction of caspase-3, but not caspase-1, activity and stimulated proteolytic cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Pretreatment with a potent caspase-3 inhibitor, Z-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone, inhibited theasinensin A induced DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, it was found that theasinensin A induced loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, elevation of ROS production, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c into the cytosol, and subsequent induction of caspase-9 activity. These results indicate that theasinensin A allows caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease to enter the nucleus and degrade chromosomal DNA and induces DFF-45 (DNA fragmentation factor) degradation. The results suggest that induction of apoptosis by theasinensin A may provide a pivotal mechanism for their cancer chemopreventive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pan
- Institutes of Biochemistry and Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Pan MH, Lin-Shiau SY, Lin JK. Comparative studies on the suppression of nitric oxide synthase by curcumin and its hydrogenated metabolites through down-regulation of IkappaB kinase and NFkappaB activation in macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol 2000; 60:1665-76. [PMID: 11077049 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(00)00489-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in inflammation and in the multiple stages of carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of curcumin and its metabolites, tetrahydrocurcumin, hexahydrocurcumin, and octahydrocurcumin, on the induction of NO synthase (NOS) in RAW 264.7 cells activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Western blotting and northern blotting analyses demonstrated that curcumin strongly reduced 130-kDa protein and 4.5-kb mRNA levels of iNOS in LPS-activated macrophages compared with its metabolites, tetrahydrocurcumin, hexahydrocurcumin, and octahydrocurcumin. Moreover, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) experiments indicated that curcumin blocked the LPS-induced binding of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), a transcription factor necessary for iNOS induction to its (32)P-labeled double-stranded oligonucleotide probe. The inhibition of NFkappaB activation occurred through the prevention of inhibitor kappaB (IkappaB) degradation. Transient transfection experiments also showed that curcumin inhibited NFkappaB-dependent transcriptional activity. Curcumin blocked the disappearance of inhibitory kappaBalpha (IkappaBalpha) and p65 from the cytosolic fraction, and inhibited the phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha. Furthermore, we showed that curcumin could inhibit the IkappaB kinase 1 (IKK1) and IkappaB kinase 2 (IKK2) activities induced by LPS, but tetrahydrocurcumin, hexahydrocurcumin, and octahydrocurcumin were less active. These results suggest that curcumin may exert its anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties by suppressing the activation of NFkappaB through inhibition of IKK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pan
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hsu YW, Pan MH, Huang CJ, Cheng CR, Wu KH, Wei TT. Comparison of inhalation induction with 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% sevoflurane in nitrous oxide for pediatric patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 2000; 38:73-8. [PMID: 11000669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sevoflurane is almost the idealest volatile anesthetic agent regarding inhalation induction of general anesthesia. Previous studies have established a role of sevoflurane in high concentration primed in the circuit for inhalation induction in pediatric patients. However, which concentration of sevoflurane is suitable has not yet been reported. This study was designed to compare the efficiency of different concentration of sevoflurane i.e. 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% and with N2O in 50% oxygen for induction of anesthesia in pediatric patients and at the same time to evaluate the tolerance of patients. METHODS One hundred and twenty children who were 3 to 10 years old, of ASA class I, were randomly assigned to receive either 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% sevoflurane and N2O in 50% O2 for induction of anesthesia. The time to loss of eyelash reflex, responses of airway reflex, involuntary movement, and hemodynamic responses were recorded. RESULTS Ninety-nine children completed the study. The times to loss of eyelash reflex with 2% in sequence to 8% sevoflurane were 114 +/- 21 s, 87 +/- 11 s, 75 +/- 6 s, and 48 +/- 8 s respectively. Incidence of airway reflex response including coughing, laryngospasm, and breath holding was the highest in the 8% group (P < 0.05). Inhalation induction with sevoflurane significantly decreased systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure compared with baseline blood pressure in all the four groups. The extent of decrease of blood pressure was within 20% range of baseline blood pressure in all groups. Significant increase of heart rate was only observed in the 4% and 6% groups. CONCLUSIONS Sevoflurane 6% for inhalation induction apparently caused low incidence of adverse effects and hastened induction. We suggest that 6% sevoflurene is a concentration more practical for inhalation induction in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Hsu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Pan MH, Lin-Shiau SY, Ho CT, Lin JH, Lin JK. Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced nuclear factor-kappaB activity by theaflavin-3,3'-digallate from black tea and other polyphenols through down-regulation of IkappaB kinase activity in macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol 2000; 59:357-67. [PMID: 10644043 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(99)00335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the inhibition of IkappaB kinase (IKK) activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cell line) by various polyphenols including (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, theaflavin, a mixture of theaflavin-3 gallate and theaflavin-3'-gallate, theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TF-3), pyrocyanidin B-3, casuarinin, geraniin, and penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (5GG). TF-3 inhibited IKK activity in activated macrophages more strongly than did the other polyphenols. TF-3 strongly inhibited both IKK1 and IKK2 activity and prevented the degradation of IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta in activated macrophage cells. The results suggested that the inhibition of IKK activity by TF-3 could occur by a direct effect on IKKs or on upstream events in the signal transduction pathway. Furthermore, geraniin, 5GG, and TF-3 all blocked phosphorylation of IKB from the cytosolic fraction, inhibited nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) activity, and inhibited increases in inducible nitric oxide synthase levels in activated macrophages. These results suggest that TF-3 may exert its anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive actions by suppressing the activation of NFkappaB through inhibition of IKK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pan
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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Abstract
Curcumin is a major component of Curcuma species, which is commonly used as a yellow coloring and flavoring agent in foods. Curcumin has shown anti-carcinogenic activity in animals as indicated by its ability to block colon tumor initiation by azoxymethane and skin tumor promotion induced by phorbol ester TPA. Curcumin possesses anti-inflammatory activity and is a potent inhibitor of reactive oxygen-generating enzymes such as lipoxygenase/cyclooxygenase, xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Curcumin is also a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C, EGF-receptor tyrosine kinase and IkappaB kinase. Subsequently, curcumin inhibits the activation of NFkappaB and the expressions of c-jun, c-fos, c-myc and iNOS. It is proposed that curcumin may suppress tumor promotion through blocking signal transduction pathways in the target cells. Curcumin was first biotransformed to dihydrocurcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin and that these compounds subsequently were converted to monoglucuronide conjugates. These results suggest that curcumin-glucuronide, dihydro-curcumin-glucuronide, tetrahydrocurcumin-glucuronide and tetrahydrocurcumin are major metabolites of curcumin in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Lin
- Institutes of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei.
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Pan MH, Lin JH, Lin-Shiau SY, Lin JK. Induction of apoptosis by penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose through activation of caspase-3 in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 381:171-83. [PMID: 10554885 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00549-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose is structurally related to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and is isolated from hydrolyzed tannin. Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose can inhibit tumor promotion by teleocidin. We investigated the effects of penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose and various tea polyphenols on cell viability in human leukemia HL-60 cells. In this study, we demonstrated that penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose was able to induce apoptosis in a concentration- and time-dependent manner; however, other polyphenols were less effective. We further investigated the molecular mechanisms of penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose-induced apoptosis. Treatment with penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose caused induction of caspase-3/CPP32 activity in dose- and time-dependent manner, but not caspase-1 activity, and induced the degradation of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Pretreatment with acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-aldehyde (Ac-DEVD-CHO) and Z-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl-ketone (Z-VAD-FMK) inhibited penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose-induced DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, treatment with penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (50 microM) caused a rapid loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c into cytosol, and subsequent induction of procaspase-9 processing. Our results indicate that penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose allows caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease to enter the nucleus and degrade chromosomal DNA, and induces DFF-45 (DNA fragmentation factor) degradation. These results lead to a working hypothesis that penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose-induced apoptosis is triggered by the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, procaspase-9 processing, activation of caspase-3, degradation of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and DNA fragmentation caused by the caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease through the digestion of DFF-45. The induction of apoptosis by penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose may provide a pivotal mechanism for its cancer chemopreventive action.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pan
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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Cheng JK, Pan MH, Wu KH, Mok MS, Wei TT. Epidural phenylephrine attenuates hypotension induced by alkalinized lidocaine epidural anesthesia. Anesth Analg 1999; 88:1322-6. [PMID: 10357338 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199906000-00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this double-blinded, randomized study, we examined the hemodynamic effects of lumbar epidural injection of alkalinized lidocaine with phenylephrine in 81 patients undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy. Patients assigned to four equal groups received 20 mL of alkalinized lidocaine (17 mL of 2% lidocaine + 3 mL of 7% sodium bicarbonate) with one of four doses of phenylephrine: 0 (Group 1), 50 (Group 2), 100 (Group 3), or 200 microg (Group 4) injected via a lumbar epidural catheter. Blood pressure, heart rate, and skin temperature on the foot were recorded every 5 min for 1 h after injection and were compared among groups. Hypotension was defined as mean arterial pressure < 80% of baseline. The incidence of hypotension was 45%, 55%, 35%, and 15% in Groups 1-4, respectively. Patients in Group 4 showed the smallest reduction in blood pressure compared with Groups 1 and 2 (one-sided Fisher's exact test, P < 0.05). We conclude that the 200-microg dose of epidural phenylephrine (1:100,000 concentration) reduced the incidence of hypotension after epidural anesthesia with alkalinized lidocaine. IMPLICATIONS Hypotension after epidural anesthesia is common in general clinical practice. Phenylephrine administered epidurally in combination with alkalinized lidocaine may reduce the incidence of hypotension.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Cheng
- Department of Anesthesia, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Pan MH, Huang TM, Lin JK. Biotransformation of curcumin through reduction and glucuronidation in mice. Drug Metab Dispos 1999; 27:486-94. [PMID: 10101144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, the yellow pigment in turmeric and curry, has antioxidative and anticarcinogenic activities. In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetic properties of curcumin in mice. After i.p. administration of curcumin (0.1 g/kg) to mice, about 2.25 microg/ml of curcumin appeared in the plasma in the first 15 min. One hour after administration, the levels of curcumin in the intestines, spleen, liver, and kidneys were 177.04, 26.06, 26.90, and 7.51 microg/g, respectively. Only traces (0.41 microg/g) were observed in the brain at 1 h. To clarify the nature of the metabolites of curcumin, the plasma was analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC, and two putative conjugates were observed. Treatment of the plasma with beta-glucuronidase resulted in a decrease in the concentrations of these two putative conjugates and the concomitant appearance of tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) and curcumin, respectively. To investigate the nature of these glucuronide conjugates in vivo, the plasma was analyzed by electrospray. The chemical structures of these metabolites, determined by mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry analysis, suggested that curcumin was first biotransformed to dihydrocurcumin and THC and that these compounds subsequently were converted to monoglucuronide conjugates. Because THC is one of the major metabolites of curcumin, we studied its stability at different pH values. THC was very stable in 0.1 M phosphate buffers of various pH values. Moreover, THC was more stable than curcumin in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2 (37 degrees C). These results, together with previous findings, suggest that curcumin-glucuronoside, dihydrocurcumin-glucuronoside, THC-glucuronoside, and THC are major metabolites of curcumin in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pan
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Hsu YW, Pan MH, Huang CJ, Cheng CR, Wu KH, Wei TT, Chen CT. Comparison of the cuffed oropharyngeal airway and laryngeal mask airway in spontaneous breathing anesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 1998; 36:187-92. [PMID: 10399513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cuffed oropharyngeal airway (COPA) is a modified Guedel airway with a cuff at its distal end and a standard 15 mm connector at its proximal end. This study was performed to determine if the COPA would offer any advantage over the laryngeal mask airway (LMA). METHODS Eighty ASA class I to II adult patients scheduled for short elective procedures (less than 1 h) were randomly allocated into two groups. All patients were given atropine 0.01 mg/kg, fentanyl 2 micrograms/kg and propofol 2 mg/kg intravenously for induction of anesthesia. The COPA or LMA was inserted following the loss of eyelash reflex. If the jaw was not relaxed enough for insertion of a COPA or LMA, succinylcholine 1 mg/kg was given to facilitate the insertion. When correctly positioned, the cuff was immediately inflated with an appropriate volume. Gentle positive pressure ventilation was applied before spontaneous breathing resumed. Capnography was used to assess the patency of the airway. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane-N2O-O2 until the end of surgery. The success rate, vital signs, and adverse events were evaluated and compared. RESULTS The success rate in the LMA group (95%) was higher than the COPA group (85%). The increase in circulatory response after the LMA insertion was greater than that after the COPA insertion (P < 0.05). Nine patients (22.5%) in the LMA group needed succinylcholine to facilitate insertion compared with only two patients (5%) in the COPA group. Additional manipulation was frequently (57.5%) needed after inserting the COPA to maintain the patency of the airways, but none needed so in the LMA group. Two patients had laryngospasms upon removal of the LMA, but none had laryngospasm in the COPA group. The incidence of sore throat in the LMA group was higher than in the COPA group (18% vs. 10%). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that the COPA could be easily inserted without the need of muscle relaxants in most patients. But the COPA needed airway intervention to provide an effective airway in most patients. Compared with the LMA, the COPA caused less stimulation than the LMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Hsu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Wang YJ, Ho YS, Pan MH, Lin JK. Mechanisms of cell death induced by nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in Calu-1 cells. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 1998; 6:35-44. [PMID: 21781879 DOI: 10.1016/s1382-6689(98)00016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/1997] [Revised: 02/25/1998] [Accepted: 03/02/1998] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is an important physiological redox form of nitric oxide (NO) and serves as an NO-releasing compound. 3-Morpholinosydnonimine hydrochloride (SIN-1) produces NO and superoxide anion (O(2)(·-)) which results in the formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)). We investigate the cytotoxicity, cell death mechanisms and gene expression of NO and ONOO(-) in human lung epithelial cells show NO induced apoptosis and DNA genomic fragmentation. Whereas, ONOO(-) induced cell death more characteristic of necrosis than apoptosis. The concentrations of GSNO and SIN-1 required to cause death in 50% of cells were greater than 1 mM. Several gene products are important in controling the apoptotic and necrotic processes. Of these, bcl-2, bax and hsp 70 were studied. The level of expression of bcl-2 was dramatically decreased in cells treated with SIN-1 or GSNO, while the expression level of bax, the heterodimer of bcl-2, did not significant change. In addition, a roughly two-fold increase of hsp 70 was found in cells treated with SIN-1. There were no significant changes in hsp 70 levels in cells treated with GSNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section. 1, Jen-ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Wang YJ, Pan MH, Cheng AL, Lin LI, Ho YS, Hsieh CY, Lin JK. Stability of curcumin in buffer solutions and characterization of its degradation products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1997; 15:1867-76. [PMID: 9278892 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(96)02024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1105] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The degradation kinetics of curcumin under various pH conditions and the stability of curcumin in physiological matrices were investigated. When curcumin was incubated in 0.1 M phosphate buffer and serum-free medium, pH 7.2 at 37 degrees C, about 90% decomposed within 30 min. A series of pH conditions ranging from 3 to 10 were tested and the result showed that decomposition was pH-dependent and occurred faster at neutral-basic conditions. It is more stable in cell culture medium containing 10% fetal calf serum and in human blood; less than 20% of curcumin decomposed within 1 h, and after incubation for 8 h, about 50% of curcumin is still remained. Trans-6-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-dioxo-5-hexenal was predicted as major degradation product and vanillin, ferulic acid, feruloyl methane were identified as minor degradation products. The amount of vanillin increased with incubation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC
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Hsu YW, Hsu SW, Huang AL, Chen JC, Cheng CR, Pan MH, Wei TT. Pulmonary edema induced by upper airway obstruction--report of 3 cases. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 1995; 33:123-7. [PMID: 7663864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary edema is a well-recognized complication of upper airway obstruction, and has been reported sporadically both in children and adults since 1977. Although the pathogenesis of pulmonary edema associated with upper airway obstruction is multifactorial, attention is primarily focused on excessive negative intrapleural and transpulmonary pressure produced by forceful inspiration against a closed glottis that results in transudation of fluid from the pulmonary capillary into the interstitial and alveolar spaces. We report 3 cases of pulmonary edema induced by upper airway obstruction after extubation following general anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Hsu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Pan MH, Wei TT, Shieh BS. Comparative analgesic enhancement of alfentanil, fentanyl, and sufentanil to spinal tetracaine anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 1994; 32:171-6. [PMID: 7921862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Clinical investigations have shown that intrathecal local anesthetic combined with alfentanil, fentanyl, or sufentanil results in a synergetic interaction that improves perioperative analgesia. However, there are as yet few studies designed to compare equal potency dose of these three 4-anilinopiperidine analogues. This prospective study is an attempt to study the comparative analgesic properties of these three drugs. 156 parturients who had consented to spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery, were anesthetized with 12 mg of tetracaine which was combined with various doses of these three opioids. The addition of these intrathecal opioids significantly improved analgesia. Intra-operatively, 26% of the control group had insufficient analgesia while all patients in the sufentanil or fentanyl groups had sufficient analgesia without needing any analgesic supplementation. Postoperatively 10 micrograms of sufentanil delayed the onset of any postoperative pain from 106 to 286 min. Side effects such as pruritus, respiratory depression, nausea, and vomiting were not different from those of the control group. This study indicates that 10ug sufentanil appears to be better than alfentanil or fentanyl in improving intra- and postoperative analgesia in parturient undergoing hyperbaric tetracaine spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pan
- Department of Anesthesia, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taitung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Burlingham WJ, Pan MH, Mason B, Ceman S, Sollinger HW. Induction of antiidiotypic antibodies to donor HLA-A2 following blood transfusions in a highly sensitized HLA-A2+ recipient. Transplantation 1988; 45:1066-71. [PMID: 3289148 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-198806000-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A patient (HLA-A2,3; B35,60) with end-stage renal disease and a high level of pretransfusion (t0) anti-HLA cytotoxic antibodies (60% positive to a random panel), but lacking cytotoxic antibodies against her HLA haploidentical sister (HLA-A2,3; B35,44), received 3 donor-specific transfusions (DST) from the latter: 200 cc fresh whole blood at biweekly intervals, while being treated with azathioprine (AZA, 1 mg/kg/day). Her serum remained negative for antidonor antibodies both by standard cytotoxicity assay and by immunofluorescence flow cytometry after DST + AZA treatment, and she experienced no acute rejection episodes following donor kidney transplantation. Microcytotoxicity inhibition tests were performed using standard HLA-typing sera as a source of Ab-1, and pre- and posttransfusion sera were added to serial dilutions of Ab-1 to test for the presence of Ab-2 (antiidiotype) to donor HLA class I specificities. Although both pre- and posttransfusion sera inhibited cytotoxicity toward HLA-A2 antigens expressed on recipient target cells, only posttransfusion serum was found to inhibit cytotoxicity against the HLA-A2 antigens expressed on donor target cells. Absorption of soluble HLA class I antigens present in pre- or posttransfusion sera removed the inhibition of cytotoxicity toward recipient HLA-A2 but did not affect the inhibition of cytotoxicity toward donor HLA-A2 by posttransfusion sera. The F(ab')2 fragment of the IgG fraction of posttransfusion sera contained the inhibitory activity, suggesting induction of Ab-2 toward idiotypes specific for donor HLA-A2 antigens encoded on the unshared haplotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Burlingham
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison 53792
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Pan MH. [2 years nursing education in Canton ATC]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1983; 18:190-191. [PMID: 6557868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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