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Dantas M, Silva LBB, Pontes BTM, dos Reis MA, de Lima PSN, Moysés M. Membranous nephropathy. J Bras Nefrol 2023; 45:229-243. [PMID: 37527529 PMCID: PMC10627124 DOI: 10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2023-0046en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Membranous nephropathy is a glomerulopathy, which main affected target is the podocyte, and has consequences on the glomerular basement membrane. It is more common in adults, especially over 50 years of age. The clinical presentation is nephrotic syndrome, but many cases can evolve with asymptomatic non-nephrotic proteinuria. The mechanism consists of the deposition of immune complexes in the subepithelial space of the glomerular capillary loop with subsequent activation of the complement system. Great advances in the identification of potential target antigens have occurred in the last twenty years, and the main one is the protein "M-type phospholipase-A2 receptor" (PLA2R) with the circulating anti-PLA2R antibody, which makes it possible to evaluate the activity and prognosis of this nephropathy. This route of injury corresponds to approximately 70% to 80% of cases of membranous nephropathy characterized as primary. In the last 10 years, several other potential target antigens have been identified. This review proposes to present clinical, etiopathogenic and therapeutic aspects of membranous nephropathy in a didactic manner, including cases that occur during kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Dantas
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das
Clínicas, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marlene Antônia dos Reis
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Patologia Geral, Centro
de Pesquisa em Rim, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Miguel Moysés
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das
Clínicas, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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do Carmo Neto JR, Braga YLL, da Costa AWF, Lucio FH, do Nascimento TC, dos Reis MA, Celes MRN, de Oliveira FA, Machado JR, da Silva MV. Biomarkers and Their Possible Functions in the Intestinal Microenvironment of Chagasic Megacolon: An Overview of the (Neuro)inflammatory Process. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6668739. [PMID: 33928170 PMCID: PMC8049798 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6668739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between inflammatory processes and intestinal neuronal destruction during the progression of Chagasic megacolon is well established. However, many other components play essential roles, both in the long-term progression and control of the clinical status of patients infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. Components such as neuronal subpopulations, enteric glial cells, mast cells and their proteases, and homeostasis-related proteins from several organic systems (serotonin and galectins) are differentially involved in the progression of Chagasic megacolon. This review is aimed at revealing the characteristics of the intestinal microenvironment found in Chagasic megacolon by using different types of already used biomarkers. Information regarding these components may provide new therapeutic alternatives and improve the understanding of the association between T. cruzi infection and immune, endocrine, and neurological system changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Yarlla Loyane Lira Braga
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Arthur Wilson Florêncio da Costa
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Hélia Lucio
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Thais Cardoso do Nascimento
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Marlene Antônia dos Reis
- Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mara Rubia Nunes Celes
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Flávia Aparecida de Oliveira
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinícius da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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da Silva CA, Monteiro MLGDR, Araújo LS, Urzedo MG, Rocha LB, dos Reis MA, Machado JR. In situ evaluation of podocytes in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and minimal change disease. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241745. [PMID: 33147279 PMCID: PMC7641434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and minimal change disease (MCD) results from the imbalance between adaptive responses that maintain homeostasis and cellular dysfunction that can culminate in cell death. Therefore, an in situ analysis was performed to detect morphological changes related to cell death and autophagy in renal biopsies from adult patients with podocytopathies. Forty-nine renal biopsies from patients with FSGS (n = 22) and MCD (n = 27) were selected. In situ expression of Wilms Tumor 1 protein (WT1), light chain microtubule 1-associated protein (LC3) and caspase-3 protein were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The foot process effacement and morphological alterations related to podocyte cell death and autophagy were analyzed with transmission electronic microscopy. Reduction in the density of WT1-labeled podocytes was observed for FSGS and MCD cases as compared to controls. Foot process width (FPW) in control group was lower than in cases of podocytopathies. In FSGS group, FPW was significantly higher than in MCD group and correlated with proteinuria. A density of LC3-labeled podocytes and the number of autophagosomes in podocytes/ pedicels were higher in the MCD group than in the FSGS group. The number of autophagosomes correlated positively with the estimated glomerular filtration rate in cases of MCD. The density of caspase-3-labeled podocytes in FSGS and MCD was higher than control group, and a higher number of podocytes with an evidence of necrosis was detected in FSGS cases than in MCD and control cases. Podocytes from patients diagnosed with FSGS showed more morphological and functional alterations resulting from a larger number of lesions and reduced cell adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crislaine Aparecida da Silva
- Department of Pathology, Genetics and Evolution, Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Luíza Gonçalves dos Reis Monteiro
- Department of Pathology, Genetics and Evolution, Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Liliane Silvano Araújo
- Department of Pathology, Genetics and Evolution, Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Monise Gini Urzedo
- Department of Pathology, Genetics and Evolution, Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lenaldo Branco Rocha
- Department of Pathology, Genetics and Evolution, Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marlene Antônia dos Reis
- Department of Pathology, Genetics and Evolution, Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Department of Pathology, Genetics and Evolution, Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Araújo LS, da Silva MV, da Silva CA, Borges MDF, Palhares HMDC, Rocha LP, Corrêa RRM, Rodrigues Júnior V, dos Reis MA, Machado JR. Analysis of serum inflammatory mediators in type 2 diabetic patients and their influence on renal function. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229765. [PMID: 32130282 PMCID: PMC7055870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the serum concentrations of inflammatory mediators in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with or without renal alteration (RA) function. Methods Serum samples from 76 patients with T2DM and 24 healthy individuals were selected. Patients with T2DM were divided into two groups according to eGFR (> or < 60mL/min/1.73m2). Cytokines, chemokines and adipokines levels were evaluated using the Multiplex immunoassay and ELISA. Results TNFR1 and leptin were higher in the T2DM group with RA than in the T2DM group without RA and control group. All patients with T2DM showed increased resistin, IL-8, and MIP-1α compared to the control group. Adiponectin were higher and IL-4 decreased in the T2DM group with RA compared to the control group. eGFR positively correlated with IL-4 and negatively with TNFR1, TNFR2, and leptin in patients with T2DM. In the T2DM group with RA, eGFR was negatively correlated with TNFR1 and resistin. TNFR1 was positively correlated with resistin and leptin, as well as resistin with IL-8 and leptin. Conclusion Increased levels of TNFR1, adipokines, chemokines and decrease of IL-4 play important role in the inflammatory process developed in T2DM and decreased renal function. We also suggest that TNFR1 is a strong predictor of renal dysfunction in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Silvano Araújo
- Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinícius da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Crislaine Aparecida da Silva
- Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Borges
- Discipline of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Health Sciences Institute of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Marcelina da Cunha Palhares
- Discipline of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Health Sciences Institute of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laura Penna Rocha
- Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosana Rosa Miranda Corrêa
- Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Virmondes Rodrigues Júnior
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marlene Antônia dos Reis
- Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Discipline of General Pathology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Luiza Reis Monteiro M, Penna Rocha L, Cristina Souza da Silva A, Helena de Morais Pereira L, Vinicius da Silva M, Rosa Miranda Corrêa R, Antônia dos Reis M, Reis Machado J. PULMONARY COINFECTION BY Pneumocystis jiroveci, Cryptococcus neoformans AND CYTOMEGALOVIRUS IN HIV PATIENT WITHOUT ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT. Rev Patol Trop 2018. [DOI: 10.5216/rpt.v47i3.55311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Oliveira LB, Cobo EDC, Machado JR, Custódio FB, da Silva MV, de Oliveira FA, Correa RRM, dos Reis MA. Clinical and epidemiological prevalence of glomerulopathies elderly in the city of Uberaba - MG. J Bras Nefrol 2017; 37:166-70. [PMID: 26154635 DOI: 10.5935/0101-2800.20150027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, the elderly population of Brazil is suffering significant increase. Aging is a physiological process that causes changes in various organs, including the kidney. A kidney biopsy is of paramount importance to clarify the morphological changes of these entities. OBJECTIVES The aim of this work was to conduct a clinical epidemiological analysis of elderly patients and evaluate the prevalence of major glomerulopathies that affect. METHODS This is a retrospective and descriptive, with a review of 104 reports of renal biopsies of elderly aged over 60 years, performed in the Nefropatologia Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), between periods January 1996 and December 2010. Patients were grouped according to clinical syndrome. RESULTS We reviewed 104 biopsies of elderly patients. Of these, 52.94% were male. The Hypertension was found in 50.54% of patients. The clinical syndrome was the predominant nephrotic syndrome (42.17%). Most disease was glomerular origin. The glomerulopathy was the most prevalent (34.07%). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Through this review, we noted that the nephrotic syndrome was the main clinical syndrome and Podocytophaties glomerulopathies were more prevalent in the group of elderly patients undergoing renal biopsy. The analysis of renal biopsies of elderly patients is of paramount importance, since knowledge of the clinical manifestations of major glomerulopathies that affect this group, to assist in establishing the diagnosis and therapeutic management.
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Custódio FB, Silva CAD, Helmo FR, Machado JR, Reis MAD. Complement System and C4d expression in cases of Membranous nephropathy. J Bras Nefrol 2017; 39:370-375. [DOI: 10.5935/0101-2800.20170068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Leite CF, do Nascimento SL, Helmo FR, dos Reis Monteiro MLG, dos Reis MA, Corrêa RRM. An overview of maternal and fetal short and long-term impact of physical activity during pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2016; 295:273-283. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-016-4204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Helmo FR, Machado JR, Oliveira LF, Rocha LP, Cavellani CL, Teixeira VDPA, dos Reis MA, Corrêa RRM. Morphological and inflammatory changes in the skin of autopsied fetuses according to the type of stress. Pathol Res Pract 2015; 211:858-64. [PMID: 26384577 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fetal skin acts on the development and activation of the immune response via immune-neuroendocrine communication coordinated by corticotropin-releasing hormone. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the morphological and inflammatory changes in the skin due to acute stress and chronic stress, associated with perinatal asphyxia, ascending infection and congenital malformation. METHODS We measured dermal and epidermal thickness, the diameter of keratinocytes, and the percentage of collagen and elastic fibers. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate both Langerhans cell and mast cell density, and corticotropin-releasing hormone expression in the epidermis, sebaceous gland, sebaceous duct, sudoriparous gland and in the hair follicle. RESULTS The epidermis was thinner in the cases with perinatal asphyxia, ascending infection and chronic stress. The diameter of keratinocytes was smaller in ascending infection and chronic stress. Mast cell density showed an indirect correlation with gestational age. Corticotropin-releasing hormone expression was significantly higher in ascending infection and chronic stress. CONCLUSIONS Chronic stress is associated with immunological and morphological changes in the skin of fetuses with perinatal asphyxia and ascending infection. Thus, corticotropin-releasing hormone seems to play a vital role in the differentiation and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells of the skin of fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Rodrigues Helmo
- Discipline of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Discipline of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Lívia Ferreira Oliveira
- Discipline of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Laura Penna Rocha
- Discipline of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Marlene Antônia dos Reis
- Discipline of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Rosana Rosa Miranda Corrêa
- Discipline of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Andrade GP, Cintra MMM, Alves PM, Barbosa Neto O, Rossi e Silva RC, Dias da Silva VJ, Reis MAD, Abate DTDRES. Remodeling of elastic layer of aortic artery after training by swimming in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2013; 238:7-11. [PMID: 23479758 DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2012.012243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, in which the elastic properties of arteries are subjected to high pressure levels, and networks of elastic fibers may develop cleft longitudinal, transverse, breaks and fragmentation, and such structural changes (fibrosis and degradation of elastin) may lead to a decrease in the elasticity of the artery. The descending thoracic aortas of normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) subjected to physical training through swimming or those of sedentary rats were prepared with hematoxylin-eosin and Verhoff to assess the artery medial. The images were captured with a videocamera coupled to an ordinary light microscope and the images were analyzed with the same program. SHRs showed a larger area of the medial layer of the thoracic aorta (F = 25,764, P < 0.001), and it was observed that rats submitted to physical training through swimming showed a larger area of the thoracic aorta (t = 3.206, P = 0.011). There was a higher percentage of elastic trained (F = 6.536, P = 0.019). To conclude, this study aimed to determine the elastic component of the aortic artery in animals that underwent exercise when compared with those that did not perform the activity, and analyze the relationship between the area of the aortic wall in trained and sedentary animals. The principal conclusion is that the rigidity of the aorta is not increased in SHRs subjected to physical training compared with that of trained WKY animals; however, when sedentary SHRs were analyzed there was a decrease in the elasticcomponent, which can characterize the aortic arterial stiffness in SHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geisielle Pereira Andrade
- Discipline of General Pathology, Biological Sciences Department of Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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de Morais Pereira LH, Pacheco Olegário JG, Rocha LP, de Oliveira Guimarães CS, Ramalho FS, dos Reis MA, Miranda Corrêa RR. Association between the markers of FIRS and the morphologic alterations in the liver of neonates autopsied in the perinatal period. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2013; 31:48-54. [PMID: 22515549 DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2012.659536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Markers of fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) can influence the morphologic alterations in liver of autopsied neonates. The IL-6, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP) expression in liver fragments were marked by immunohistochemistry and the intensity of steatosis, percentage of fibrosis, and the number of foci of extramedullary erythropoiesis were evaluated. The degree of steatosis correlated positively with IL-6 (p = 0.06), positively with CRP (p ≤ 0.001), and negatively with TNF-α (p = 0.06). The collagen percentage correlated positively with IL-6 (p = 0.055) and positively with TNF-α (p ≤ 0.001). Erythropoiesis correlated positively with IL-6 (p ≤ 0.001) and negatively with CRP (p = 0.00754). The analyzed markers of FIRS have an important role in triggering hepatic morphologic alterations.
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Faria HA, Farnese M, Rocha LP, Olegário JGP, Cavellani CL, de Oliveira Guimarães CS, dos Reis MA, Miranda Corrêa RR. Analysis of the scalp of women with AIDS subjected to autopsy: epithelial, follicular, and immunologic aspects. Ann Diagn Pathol 2012; 17:67-71. [PMID: 22921727 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Hair keeps the scalp warmer and slightly moister than the rest of the skin, which contributes to a favorable environment for mycotic, bacterial, and parasitic infections. It is well established that AIDS makes the patient more susceptible to opportunistic infections and cutaneous manifestations. Because of this, the aim of this study was to analyze scalp fragments of autopsied women with AIDS. Twenty-eight scalp samples of women aged between 18 and 46 years were observed. These women were divided into 2 groups: with AIDS (n = 14) and without AIDS (n = 14). We conducted histochemical (hematoxylin-eosin, Picrosirius, and Verhoeff), morphometric (Image J; National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, ON, Canada and KS-300 Kontron-Zeiss; Kontron Elektronik, Carl-Zeiss, Germany), and immunohistochemical (S-100) analyses of the scalp. In patients with AIDS, epithelial thickness, number of epithelial cell layers, number of immature Langerhans cells in the epidermis, and percentages of elastic fibers in the dermis were significantly lower, whereas telogen hair follicles were significantly higher. The percentage of collagen fibers in the dermis and the diameter of the epithelial cells were smaller in patients with AIDS, without significant difference. AIDS possibly causes immunologic and morphologic alterations in the scalp. This study may establish parameters for better clinical and morphologic diagnostic in patients with AIDS.
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Neves PDMDM, Machado JR, Silva MVD, Abate DTDRES, Rodrigues DBR, Faleiros ACG, Reis MAD. [IgA nephropathy: histological analysis and clinicomorfological correlation in patients from Minas Gerais State]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 34:101-8. [PMID: 22850910 DOI: 10.1590/s0101-28002012000200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulopathy. OBJECTIVE Classify IgAN according to the new Oxford's classification. METHODS We analyzed the renal biopsies from the Nephropathology Service of UFTM, among 1996 to 2010, with a diagnosis of IgAN. We assessed gender, age, presence of hematuria, patterns/intensity of the lesions, deposition of IgA, IgG, IgM, Kappa, Lambda, C3, C1q and fibrinogen. Based on the histological alterations, the biopsies were characterized according to the Oxford Classification, and the clinicomorfological correlation was made. Significative results for p < 0,05. RESULTS A total of 164 cases biopsies, predominantly male (53.7%) and adults (93.3%). We characterized the patients according Oxford Classification, there was a predominance of the pattern M0 (85,3%), S1 (53,1%), E0 (65,2%) e T0 (70,1%). About the clinicomorfological correlation, we observed more severe proteinuria comparing M1 to M0 (p < 0,008), low estimated GFR (p < 0,001) and more frequent hypertension (p < 0,001) comparing T0, T1 e T2. On immunofluorescence, there is a predominance of IgA (100% of cases), with co-deposition of C3 (99.37% of cases), Kappa (96.25%), Lambda (91.25%) and IgM (76.92%). Correlation was found between IgA intensity and C3, Kappa and Lambda. CONCLUSION In this study, IgA nephropathy was predominant in males, the more frequent patterns were the M0, S1, E0 and T0, with more severe proteinuria and the enhance of mesangial hypercellularity, besides larger prevalence of hypertension/worse kidney function according the tubulo-interstitial injuries.
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Corrêa RRM, Espindula AP, Machado JR, Paschoini MC, Pacheco Olegário JG, Rocha LP, dos Reis MA. Osteosarcoma in a pregnant woman: case report. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2012; 286:1601-2. [PMID: 22825694 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-012-2483-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Rocha LP, Carminati CR, Machado JR, Laterza VL, dos Reis MA, Corrêa RRM. Prevalence of nephropathies in children and adolescents and alterations in renal biopsies in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 1996 to 2010. Ann Diagn Pathol 2012; 17:22-7. [PMID: 22658343 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Renal biopsy is an important method of diagnosis and prognosis in children and adolescents with renal diseases, and there are few studies describing the histopathologic alterations in renal biopsies in these age groups. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of morphologic alterations described in renal biopsies carried out in children and adolescents. Patients aged between 1 month and 18 years were observed from 1996 to 2010 and were separated into 3 age groups: 0 to 6 (group 1, n = 29), 6 to 12 (group 2, n = 31), and 13 to 18 (group 3, n = 77) years. Morphologic alterations were evaluated according to light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy findings. The most common glomerulopathies observed in these different age groups were as follows: group 1-podocytopathy (34.78%), hereditary proteinurias 5 (21.73%), lupus nephritis (13.04%), and Berger disease (8.69%); group 2-podocytopathy (44.44%), acute diffuse glomerulonephritis (22.22%), Berger disease (11.11%), and Alport syndrome or thin membrane disease (11.11%); and group 3-lupus nephritis (22.85%), podocytopathy (20.00%), Berger disease (15.71%), and membranous glomerulopathies (11.42%). This study allows for better knowledge of the prevalence of nephropathies in children and adolescents and shows that a well-supported early diagnosis is indispensable for a more adequate treatment of patients with renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Penna Rocha
- General Pathology Division, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Guimarães Faleiros AC, Machado JR, Silva MVD, Antônia dos Reis M, Antunes Teixeira VDP, Lino Junior RDS. Investigação em material de autópsias sobre a hipótese de associação entre obesidade e neurocisticercose. Rev Patol Trop 2011. [DOI: 10.5216/rpt.v40i1.13920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Guimarães NDB, Espindula AP, Rocha LP, Olegário JGP, Abate DTRS, e Silva RCR, Cavellani CL, dos Reis MA, Teixeira VDPA, da Cunha Castro EC, Corrêa RRM. Kocher-Debré-Sémélaigne syndrome diagnosed by autopsy associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation. Ann Diagn Pathol 2011; 16:54-8. [PMID: 21316996 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Kocher-Debré-Sémélaigne syndrome is a rare disease with little literature, which develops with myopathy in infancy associated with neuromuscular alterations, polymyositis with symmetrical proximal muscle weakness, pseudohypertrophy, muscular rigidity and spasms, exercise intolerance, myxoedema, short stature, and cretinism. Male patient aged 18 years old, 1.52 m in height, admitted in the General Hospital of Triângulo Mineiro Federal University on November 11, 2003, complaining of intense diffuse abdominal pain like severe cramps, without triggering factors, associated with asthenia and hyporexia. This seems to be one of the few reports of KDS syndrome diagnoses by autopsy, where alterations in the thyroid gland connected with hypotrophy and probable congenital hypothyroidism were described and resulted in complications such as disseminated intravascular coagulation and hemophagocytic syndrome with fast progression to death of an 18-year-old patient.
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Guimarães JV, Marques Salge AK, Oliveira FAD, Lino Júnior RDS, da Cunha Castro EC, Antônia dos Reis M, Antunes Teixeira VDP. Freqüência de alterações cérvico-vaginais em mulheres submetidas ao exame citopatológico. Rev Eletr Enf 2009. [DOI: 10.5216/ree.v9i3.7507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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de Oliveira FA, de Paula Antunes Teixeira V, Lino Junior RDS, Guimarães JV, dos Reis MA. Causes of death in older people autopsied. Ann Diagn Pathol 2009; 13:233-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Borges CRB, Rodrigues Junior V, Reis MAD, Castellano LR, Chica JEL, Pereira SADL, Santos ES, Rodrigues DBR. Papel do óxido nítrico no desenvolvimento de lesões cardíacas na fase aguda da infecção experimental pelo Trypanosoma cruzi. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2009; 42:170-4. [DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822009000200015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A doença de Chagas é causada pelo Trypanosoma cruzi e o coração é o órgão mais acometido. O óxido nítrico apresenta importante ação anti-Trypanosoma, porém, com pouca evidência de seu papel no mecanismo de lesão tecidual. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a contribuição do óxido nítrico no desenvolvimento da inflamação e da fibrose cardíaca na fase aguda da infecção experimental por cepas Y e Colombiana do Trypanosoma cruzi. A inflamação foi significativamente maior nos animais infectados pela cepa Colombiana, comparada com os infectados com a cepa Y, tanto nos animais C57BL/6 (3,98x1,87%; p=0,004) quanto nos animais C57BL/6 deficientes na sintase do óxido nítrico induzível (3,99x2,4%; p=0,013). O parasitismo cardíaco dos animais C57BL/6 deficientes na sintase do óxido nítrico induzível infectados pela cepa Colombiana foi significativamente maior que o destes mesmos animais infectados com a cepa Y (2,78x0,17 ninhos/mm²; p=0,004) assim como, os animais C57BL/6 infectados com a cepa Colombiana (2,78x1,33 ninhos/mm²; p=0,006) ou cepa Y (2,78x0,53 ninhos/mm²; p=0,005). Os dados reforçam o papel do óxido nítrico no controle do parasitismo e sugerem seu papel na proteção tecidual, controlando a inflamação e potencialmente diminuindo lesões cardíacas durante a fase aguda na doença de Chagas experimental.
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Rodrigues DBR, Pereira SAL, dos Reis MA, Adad SJ, Caixeta JE, Chiba AM, Sousa RA, Rodrigues V. In situ detection of inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis in pemphigus foliaceus patients. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2009; 133:97-100. [PMID: 19123745 DOI: 10.5858/133.1.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Endemic pemphigus foliaceus, or fogo selvagem, is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the formation of intraepidermal blisters that reduce adhesion between keratinocytes. Endemic pemphigus foliaceus is associated with the presence of autoantibodies and high levels of cytokines involved in the inflammatory response. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1, interferon gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha; the proapoptotic inducers Fas and inducible nitric oxide synthase; and the apoptosis inhibitor Bcl-2; and to evaluate the presence of apoptosis. DESIGN Skin biopsies from 13 patients with endemic pemphigus foliaceus and controls were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay. RESULTS Proinflammatory cytokines were only detected in cells of the inflammatory exudate. Inducible nitric oxide synthase, Fas, and Bcl-2 were expressed by both epithelial and inflammatory cells. Epithelial apoptosis was observed in 12 cases (92.3%), and subepithelial apoptosis in 11 cases (85%). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that apoptosis as well as the local production of proinflammatory cytokines are associated with endemic pemphigus foliaceus lesions. These results may contribute to the development of new therapeutic approaches to endemic pemphigus foliaceus.
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Fernandes Bertocchi AP, Campanhole G, Wang PHM, Gonçalves GM, Damião MJ, Cenedeze MA, Beraldo FC, de Paula Antunes Teixeira V, dos Reis MA, Mazzali M, Pacheco-Silva A, Câmara NOS. A Role for galectin-3 in renal tissue damage triggered by ischemia and reperfusion injury. Transpl Int 2008; 21:999-1007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2008.00705.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Lino Junior RDS, Vinaud MC, Sugita JS, Alves LD, Reis MAD, De Paula Antunes Teixeira V. ANÁLISE MORFOMÉTRICA DA CISTICERCOSE ENCEFÁLICA E CARDÍACA EM INDIVÍDUOS AUTOPSIADOS. Rev Patol Trop 2008. [DOI: 10.5216/rpt.v33i3.3459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- José Roberto Lambertucci
- Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG
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Lino-Junior RDS, Faleiros ACG, Vinaud MC, Oliveira FAD, Guimarães JV, Reis MAD, Teixeira VDPA. Anatomopathological aspects of neurocysticercosis in autopsied patients. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2008; 65:87-91. [PMID: 17420834 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x2007000100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 10/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to describe the occurrence and morphology of neurocysticercosis (NCC) in autopsies. We revised 2218 autopsies performed at the School Hospital from Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, 1970-2003. Data referring to age, gender and color of patients were reported and NCC was microscopically and macroscopically analyzed. We found 53 (2.4%) NCC cases. The mean age was 50 years old, 34 (64.1%) individuals were male and 36 (67.9%) white. Macroscopically, 17 cysticerci were analyzed. The most frequent location was meningocortical in 12 (70.6%) cases. Microscopically, the cysticerci presented an ovoid shape, containing the larvae preserved in 4 (23.5%) cases or in destruction degrees in 13 (76.5%) cases. Therefore, in NCC was found several general pathologic processes (necrosis, interstitial deposits, fibrosis, gliosis, inflammation) amongst which are highlighted beta-fibrillose in 13 (76.5%) cases associated to inflammatory process in 16 (94.1%) cases caused by the parasite, not yet related to NCC, and calcification present in viable and destruction parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruy de Souza Lino-Junior
- General Pathology Disciplines, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberabe, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Dantas M, Romão EA, Costa RS, dos Reis MA, Vieira Neto OM, Ribeiro RA, Ravinal RC, Rodrigues Júnior AL, Coimbra TM. Urinary excretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1: a biomarker of active tubulointerstitial damage in patients with glomerulopathies. Kidney Blood Press Res 2007; 30:306-13. [PMID: 17804911 DOI: 10.1159/000107806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The urinary concentration of the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (uMCP-1) chemokine is increased in several proteinuric and/or inflammatory renal diseases. In the present study, we evaluated the association between uMCP-1 and renal function, proteinuria, glomerular and interstitial macrophage infiltration, and renal fibrosis in patients with primary and secondary glomerulopathies diagnosed by renal biopsy. METHODS Thirty-seven patients aged 32.6 +/- 7.7 years were studied. uMCP-1 was determined by ELISA. Renal macrophage expression (CD68 positive cells) is reported as number of macrophages/10(4) microm2 of the cortical tubulointerstitial (TI) area or of glomerular capillary tuft area. Cortical interstitial fibrosis was quantitated by PicroSirius red staining under polarized light by a computerized manner. RESULTS The uMCP-1 ratio (pg/ml/urinary creatinine mg/ml) was positively correlated (Spearman coefficient) with proteinuria (r = 0.4629; p < 0.005) and number of macrophages in the cortical TI area (r = 0.64; p = 0.0005), and negatively correlated with creatinine clearance (r = -0.4877; p < 0.001). The uMCP-1 ratio was not significantly correlated with number of macrophages/glomerular capillary tuft area (r = 0.27; p = 0.19) or with percent cortical interstitial fibrosis (r = 0.08; p = 0.62). CONCLUSIONS The uMCP-1 excretion is a biomarker of the inflammatory activity of the TI area, and does not reflect chronic interstitial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Dantas
- Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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de Oliveira FA, Teixeira VDPA, Lino RDS, Vinaud MC, dos Reis MA. Aspectos macroscópicos da cardiopatia chagásica crônica no envelhecimento. Arq Bras Cardiol 2007; 88:486-90. [PMID: 17546282 DOI: 10.1590/s0066-782x2007000400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2006] [Accepted: 10/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the macroscopic characteristics of chronic Chagas heart disease in autopsied elderly. METHODS The elderly studied were 60 or older. Twenty of them had chronic Chagas heart disease (CHD) and positive serology for the disease, and 14 had no heart disease (WHD) nor morphological changes suggestive of it and were serologically negative for Chagas disease. RESULTS The CHD elderly had cardiac weight greater than the WHD (385 +/- 141.1 vs 306.8 +/- 62.1g, respectively; p > 0.05), in addition to significantly higher heart weight-to-body weight ratio (0.71% [0.5-1.42%] vs 0.59% [0.47-0.91%] p < 0.05). When compared, the CHD elderly presented lower fibrous thickening and/or atherosclerosis in the ascending aorta, mitral and tricuspid valves, and left and right coronaries than the WHD elderly. In the aortic and mitral valves, the lesions were significantly less severe (p < 0.05). Left ventricular apical lesion was observed in 45% of the CHD elderly, and intracardiac thrombosis in the left ventricle was found in 10% of them. CONCLUSION Fibrous thickening and/or atherosclerosis were found to be less severe in the valves and arteries of the CHD elderly. Moreover, heart weight and intracardiac thrombosis frequency were lower than those detailed in the literature for non-elderly individuals.
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Gonçalves GM, Cenedeze MA, Feitoza CQ, de Paula CB, Macusso GD, Pinheiro HS, Teixeira VDPA, dos Reis MA, Pacheco-Silva A, Câmara NOS. Heme oxygenase 1 and renal ischemia and reperfusion injury: the impact of immunosuppressive drug. Int Immunopharmacol 2006; 6:1966-72. [PMID: 17219692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) is the main etiology of acute renal failure in native and transplanted kidneys. In the transplantation field, immunosuppressive drugs may play an additional role in acute graft dysfunction. Acute cyclosporine nephrotoxicity (ATN) can result from vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles, which may exacerbate deceased renal transplantation. HO-1 is a protective gene with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic actions. We investigated whether HO-1 played a role in cyclosporine-induced renal dysfunction in an established model of IRI. METHODS Cyclosporine (100 mg/kg) was administered to mice before being subjected to 45 min of ischemia. Blood and kidney samples were collected at 24, 48 and 120 h after surgery. Acute tubular necrosis and tubular regeneration were quantified. HO-1 gene transcripts were amplified by real-time PCR. RESULTS Animals subjected to IRI presented with impaired renal function that peaked at 24 h (2.05 +/- 0.23 mg/dL), decreasing thereafter. Treatment with cyclosporine caused even more renal dysfunction at 48 h, sustained up to 120 h after reperfusion (1.53 +/- 0.6 mg/dL), when compared to the controls (0.63 +/- 0.09 mg/dL, p < 0,05). Cyclosporine delayed tubular regeneration that was normally higher in controls at day 5 (67.0% vs. 37.6%, p < 0.05). HO-1 was markedly up-regulated after IRI, and its expression was decreased by cyclosporine (2.06 folds). However, prior induction of HO-1 by cobalt protoporphyrin improved renal dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that cyclosporine used in ischemic injured organs might also negatively affect post-transplantation recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Martins Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
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Pereira MG, Câmara NOS, Campaholle G, Cenedeze MA, de Paula Antunes Teixeira V, dos Reis MA, Pacheco-Silva A. Pioglitazone limits cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2006; 6:1943-51. [PMID: 17161347 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2006.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/22/2006] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cyclosporine (CsA) nephrotoxicity is a relevant factor in the pathogenesis of chronic allograft nephropathy. Pioglitazone is an agonist of PPARgamma, capable of reducing chronic inflammation. We investigated the capacity of pioglitazone in preventing renal dysfunction. Adult male Wistar rats were assigned to: Vehicle (olive oil 1 ml/kg/day), CsA (10 mg/kg/day) alone and with pioglitazone (5 or 10 mg/kg/day). The animals were sacrificed at 28 days, where blood (serum creatinine ratio, CR) and kidney samples (arteriolopathy analyses) were collected. The mRNA transcripts of TGF-beta1, PAI-1, Smad3 and 7 were evaluated by real-time PCR. As expected, CsA treatment significantly decreased renal function that peaked at day 28, compared with vehicle (CR=1.29+/-0.03 vs. 0.95+/-0.14, p<0.05). In contrast, the administration of pioglitazone 5 or 10 mg/kg combined with CsA resulted in better renal function (CR=1.09+/-0.05 and 1.14+/-0.14, respectively, p<0.05). Animals treated with CSA showed relevant arteriolopathy (49.5+/-2.86%) and pioglitazone administration significantly limited it (37.0+/-3.59% and 36.6+/-1.72%, respectively, 5 or 10 mg/kg, p<0.05). In CsA-treated animals (alone and with pioglitazone), TGF-beta1 and Smad3 increased significantly. In animals treated with CsA and pioglitazone (5 mg/kg), PAI-1 was significantly lower than CsA alone (3.96+/-0.92 vs. 7.53+/-1.38, p<0.05). Interestingly, the administration of pioglitazone 5 or 10 mg/kg was associated with an increase in Smad7 (1.79+/-0.25 and 1.75+/-0.19, respectively), compared to vehicle and to CsA-treated groups (1.08+/-0.17 and 1.17+/-0.19, respectively, p<0.05). These data provide evidence that pioglitazone acts through down regulation of pro-fibrotic cytokine PAI-1 and overexpression of the regulatory Smad7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Galvão Pereira
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
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Penha DSG, Salge AKM, Tironi F, Saldanha JC, Castro ECDC, Teixeira VDPA, dos Reis MA. Bronchogenic carcinoma of squamous cells in a young pregnant woman. Ann Diagn Pathol 2006; 10:235-8. [PMID: 16844566 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2005.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer continues to be the most incident neoplasia in the world and also the most frequent cause of death by cancer, with more than 900000 new cases per year. Women present greater risk of developing bronchogenic carcinoma, possibly because of differences in metabolism of the carcinogens associated with tobacco and also because of hormonal differences because estrogens can promote the appearance of lung cancer, including during pregnancy. We have described the case of a 25-year-old patient who developed squamous cell carcinoma of the lung during her third pregnancy, with a progressive worsening of her general condition and progression until death. We believe that the pregnancy could have contributed to the evolution of the disease, especially because of the increased levels of gestational hormones, particularly the estrogen, because its receptors have an important role in regulating growth and in the differentiation of several tissues facilitating like this, the development of the neoplasia, and complicating its early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Silva Gontijo Penha
- General Pathology Division, Biological Science Department, Triângulo Mineiro Medical School, Uberaba, MG 38025-180, Brazil.
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Marques VP, Gonçalves GM, Feitoza CQ, Cenedeze MA, Fernandes Bertocchi AP, Damião MJ, Pinheiro HS, Antunes Teixeira VP, dos Reis MA, Pacheco-Silva A, Saraiva Câmara NO. Influence of TH1/TH2 Switched Immune Response on Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 104:e48-56. [PMID: 16741373 DOI: 10.1159/000093676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Recent evidence shows a critical role of the CD4+ T cell with the Th1/Th2 paradigm as a possible effector mechanism in ischemia and reperfusion injury. We hypothesize that a polarized Th1 activation response may negatively influence the renal IRI through its relationship with chemokine production (MCP-1) and with a protective tissue response (HO-1). METHODS We subjected mice to renal ischemia for 45 min using IL-4 and IL-12 knockout C57BL/6. We then measured serum urea levels, performed histomorphometric analysis for tubular necrosis and regeneration, and evaluated the mRNA expression of HO-1, t-bet, Gata-3 and MCP-1 by real-time PCR at 24, 48 and 120 h after surgery. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS The IL-4 knockout mice had a statistically significant rise in serum urea levels post IRI compared with control animals. The IL-12-deficient mice were not affected. The IL-4-deficient mice had a statistically significant increase in tubular injury and impairment in cell regeneration. The IRI in IL-4-deficient mice was accompanied by higher levels of HO-1, t-bet and later up-regulation of MCP-1. These findings suggest that the deleterious effects of the Th1 cell involve increased production of chemokines such as MCP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilmar Paiva Marques
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
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Corrêa RRM, Salge AKM, Ribeiro GA, Ferraz MLF, Reis MAD, Castro ECDC, Teixeira VDPA. Alterações anatomopatológicas da placenta e variações do índice de Apgar. Rev Bras Saude Mater Infant 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-38292006000200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJETIVOS: descrever possíveis alterações anatomopatológicas placentárias associadas à hipóxia fetal, avaliada pelo índice de Apgar. MÉTODOS: foram estudadas 167 placentas de partos realizados no Hospital Escola da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, em Uberaba, através da análise macroscópica e microscópica, e de informações clínicas obtidas de prontuários. O índice de Apgar menor que sete foi o parâmetro utilizado para se diagnosticar hipóxia fetal. RESULTADOS: foram encontradas alterações placentárias compatíveis com hipertensão e infiltrado inflamatório. As placentas com alterações compatíveis com baixo fluxo sanguíneo cursaram mais freqüentemente com fetos com índice de Apgar <7 no 5º minuto (p=0,017). CONCLUSÕES: pode existir uma relação entre alterações placentárias e hipóxia fetal evidenciada pelo índice de Apgar. Portanto, o exame anatomopatólogico da placenta poderia ser utilizado para esclarecer causas de hipóxia perinatal não evidenciadas na clínica.
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Castro ECDC, Salge AKM, Galdino FJB, Ferraz MLF, Reis MAD, Corrêa RRM, Teixeira VDPA. Vilosite placentária e sua relação com intercorrências fetais e maternas. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2004. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-72032004001000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Salge AKM, Castro ECDC, Ferraz MLF, dos Reis MA, Teixeira VDPA. Relationship between the morphologic alterations of vocal cords from adult autopsies and the cause of death. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 59:63-6. [PMID: 15122419 DOI: 10.1590/s0041-87812004000200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the possible alteration in the thickness of the epithelium basal membrane of the vocal cords and correlate it with the cause of death. METHOD Larynxes collected from adult autopsies during the period of 1993 to 2001 were utilized. We used the hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff staining methods for the morphological and morphometric analysis. RESULTS Sixty-six vocal cords were analysed; increased thickness was identified in 14 cases (21.2%), with equal proportions between the genders. Increased vocal-cord thickness was more frequent in patients of the white ethnicity (12 cases, 85.7%). Respiratory alterations were found in 10 (71.4%) of the cases with increased vocal-cord thickness. Of the patients that were maintained with mechanical ventilation before death, 7 (18.4%) had thickening of the basal membrane. Among the smokers, 9 (19.63%) had basal membrane thickening. CONCLUSION No statistically significant differences were found between the cases in which the cause of death was related to respiratory diseases as compared to non-respiratory diseases and the thickening of the basal membrane of the vocal cords. However, new studies are needed in order to verify the etiopathogenesis of this thickening.
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Abstract
The population aging in Brazil was associated with the alterations in the morbimortality of the population. The aim of this study was to verify the causes of death and other pathological processes in autopsied elderly. The elderly with 60 years or more in the period from 1976 to 1998 represented 394 cases (24.4%). The age median was 69 years ranged from 60 to 120 years, being higher in the women (70.5 versus 68 yrs;p<0.05). The male gender (67.5%), white color (69.8%), and the cardiovascular (43.7%) and infectious (31%) causes of death were dominate. In the malnourished (76.2%) it had association of pneumonia and cystitis, (p<0.05). Arteriosclerosis (61.9%), and the chagasic (42.1%) and hypertensive cardiopathies (39.1%) were the most frequent processes. Therefore, it was observed an overlapping of chronic-degenerative and infectious causes of death. This study shows the necessity to value of follow up of body mass index and of risk factors for the development of illness in aging patients like pneumonia.
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Guimarães JV, Costa RS, Machado BH, dos Reis MA. Cardiovascular profile after intravenous injection of Africanized bee venom in awake rats. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2004; 46:55-8. [PMID: 15057338 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652004000100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The manifestations caused by Africanized bee stings depend on the sensitivity of the victim and the toxicity of the venom. Previous studies in our laboratory have demonstrated cardiac changes and acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the kidney of rats inoculated with Africanized bee venom (ABV). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) over a period of 24 h after intravenous injection of ABV in awake rats. A significant reduction in basal HR as well as in basal MAP occurred immediately after ABV injection in the experimental animals. HR was back to basal level 2 min after ABV injection and remained normal during the time course of the experiment, while MAP returned to basal level 10 min later and remained at this level for the next 5 h. However, MAP presented again a significant reduction by the 7th and 8th h and returned to the basal level by the 24th h. The fall in MAP may contribute to the pathogenesis of ATN observed. The fall in MAP probably is due to several factors, in addition to the cardiac changes already demonstrated, it is possible that the components of the venom themselves or even substances released in the organism play some role in vascular beds.
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Pereira SADL, Rodrigues DBR, Correia D, dos Reis MA, Teixeira VDPA. [Identification of infectious agents in the lungs in autopsies of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2002; 35:635-9. [PMID: 12612747 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822002000600015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung diseases are frequently observed in individuals infected with HIV. The aim of this study was to identify infectious agents in the lungs in the autopsied individuals with AIDS performed between march 1990 and july 2000 at the school of medicine (Uberaba- Brazil), using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. Analysis was made on lungs obtained from 40 individuals with AIDS. Infectious agents were observed in 34 (85%) cases of the 40 analyzed. Regarding fungis, Pneumocystis carinii was found in 8 (19.1%)cases; Cryptococcus sp in 4 (9.5%)cases, Histoplasma sp in 2 (4.8%)cases and Candida sp in 1 (2.4%)case. Association of Pneumocystis carinii, Citomegalovirus and Cryptococcus sp, was observed in one case, and in another, the association of CMV, and Toxoplasma gondii. There were 5 cases with Candida sp, CMV and Pneumocystis carinii associated with bacteria. In conclusion, this study shows that following bacterial agents fungi were the second most common infectious agents in post mortem examination of the lungs from patients with AIDS, being Pneumocystis carinii the most prevalent.
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Lopes JDDM, Gomes RADS, Hial V, Lopes ICR, Reis MAD, Teixeira VDPA. Correlations between the collagen content of the human left ventricular myocardium, measured by biochemical and morphometric methods. Arq Bras Cardiol 2002; 79:10-9. [PMID: 12163941 DOI: 10.1590/s0066-782x2002001000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess, in myocardium specimens obtained from necropsies, the correlation between the concentration of hydroxyproline, measured with the photocolorimetric method, and the intensity of fibrosis, determined with the morphometric method. METHODS Left ventricle myocardium samples were obtained from 45 patients who had undergone necropsy, some of them with a variety of cardiopathies and others without any heart disease. The concentrations of hydroxyproline were determined with the photocolorimetric method. In the histologic sections from each heart, the myocardial fibrosis was quantified by using a light microscope with an integrating ocular lens. RESULTS A median of, respectively, 4.5 and 4.3 microgram of hydroxyproline/mg of dry weight was found in fixed and nonfixed left ventricle myocardium fragments. A positive correlation occurred between the hydroxyproline concentrations and the intensity of fibrosis, both in the fixed (Sr=+0.25; p=0.099) and in the nonfixed (Sr=+0.32; p=0.03) specimens. CONCLUSION The biochemical methodology was proven to be adequate, and manual morphometry was shown to have limitations that may interfere with the statistical significance of correlations for the estimate of fibrosis intensity in the human myocardium.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the heart weight and the heart weight/body weight coefficient of adults with and without chronic malnutrition. METHODS In an initial case series of 210 autopsies performed in adults, we recorded body and heart weights and calculated the heart weight/body weight coefficients (HW/BW x 100). The exclusion criteria were as follows: positive serology for Chagas' disease, edema, obesity, heart diseases, hepatopathies, nephropathies, and systemic arterial hypertension. Malnutrition was characterized as a body mass index <18.5kg/m2. Differences with p<0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS Individuals in the malnourished (n=15) and control (n=21) groups were statistically different, respectively, in regard to body mass index (15.9+/-1.7 versus 21.3+/-2.5kg/m2), heart weight (267.3+/-59.8 versus 329.1+/-50.4g), and the HW/BW coefficient (0.64+/-0.12 versus 0.57+/-0.09%). A positive and significant correlation was observed between heart weight and body mass index (r=0.52), and between heart weight and body weight (r=0.65). CONCLUSION Malnourished individuals have lighter hearts and a greater HW/BW coefficient than non-malnourished individuals do. These findings indicate a possible preservation of the myocardium in relation to the intensity of weight loss associated with the probable relative increase in cardiac connective tissue and heart blood vessels.
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Abstract
São relatados cinco casos de pessoas picadas por abelhas africanizadas (AA). Quatro foram vítimas de múltiplas picadas variando de 25 a 60, que apresentaram cefaléia intensa, náuseas e vômitos, relacionados aos efeitos tóxicos do veneno, mas evoluíram bem. O outro caso foi vítima de uma única picada de AA e evoluiu para o óbito, por provável anafilaxia.
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Cunha DFD, Pedrini CH, Sousa JC, Reis MAD, Ramos SG, Cunha SFDCD, Teixeira VDPA. Estudo morfométrico do miocárdio em adultos com subnutrição protéico-energética. Arq Bras Cardiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1590/s0066-782x1998001100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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