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Chung YL, Chou PY, Sheu MJ. The Wound-Healing Activity of PEDOT-PSS in Animals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12539. [PMID: 37628719 PMCID: PMC10454427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the wound-healing activity of a polymer, Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly-(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS), and determined its mechanism based on angiogenic activity in a full-thickness excision wound model in Spraque Dawley (SD) rats. Administering PEDOT: PSS (1.6) 1.5 ppm at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day significantly improved wound healing in the SD rats on the eleventh day after the incision was created. PEDOT: PSS-treated animals presented no anti-inflammatory skin effects; however, there was an increase in angiogenic behavior. VEGF was found to be significantly elevated in the PEDOT: PSS-treated groups seven days post-incision. However, only a higher concentration of PEDOT: PSS increased TGF-β1 expression within the same time frame. Our results showed that PEDOT: PSS enhances wound healing activity, mainly in terms of its angiogenic effects. In this paper, we describe the highly conductive macromolecular material PEDOT: PSS, which demonstrated accelerated wound-healing activity in the animal incision model. The results will further provide information regarding the application of PEDOT: PSS as a dressing for medical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Lung Chung
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Yu Chou
- Department of Nursing, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 54561, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
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2
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Sheu MJ, Chen CY. Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate inhibits tumor angiogenesis via endoglin/Smad1 pathway in human umbilical vein endothelium cells. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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3
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Lin CY, Hung CC, Wang CCN, Lin HY, Huang SH, Sheu MJ. Demethoxycurcumin sensitizes the response of non-small cell lung cancer to cisplatin through downregulation of TP and ERCC1-related pathways. Phytomedicine 2019; 53:28-36. [PMID: 30668408 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excision repair cross-complementary 1 (ERCC1) overexpression in lung cancer cells is strongly correlated with its resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. Overexpression of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) reverts platinum-induced cancer cell death. PURPOSE Curcumin has been reported to enhance antitumor properties through the suppression of TP and ERCC1 in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells (NSCLC). Nevertheless, whether two other curcuminoids, demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) from Curcuma longa demonstrate antitumor activity like that of curcumin remain unknown. METHODS MTT assay was conducted to determine the cell cytotoxicity. Western blotting was used to determine the protein expressions. Docking is the virtual screening of a database of compounds and predicting the strongest binders based on various scoring functions. BIOVIA Discovery Studio 4.5 (D.S. 4.5) were used for docking. RESULTS Firstly, when compared with curcumin and BDMC, DMC exhibited the most potent cytotoxic effect on NSCLC, most importantly, MRC-5, a lung fetal fibroblast, was insensitive to DMC (under 30 µM). Secondly, DMC alone significantly inhibited on-target cisplatin (CDDP) resistance protein, ERCC1, via PI3K-Akt-snail pathways, and TP protein expression in A549 cells. Thirdly, DMC treatment markedly increased post-target CDDP resistance pathway including Bax and cytochrome c. DMC significantly decreased Bcl-2 protein expressions. Finally, MTT assay indicated that DMC significantly increased CDDP-induced cytotoxicity and was confirmed with an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, indicating upregulation of caspase-3. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that enhancement of the cytotoxicity to CDDP by coadminstration with DMC was mediated by down-regulation of the expression of TP and ERCC1, regulated by PI3K-Akt-Snail pathway inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yuan Lin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Hung
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Charles C N Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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4
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Chen YY, Lin YJ, Huang WT, Hung CC, Lin HY, Tu YC, Liu DM, Lan SJ, Sheu MJ. Demethoxycurcumin-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticle Downregulates DNA Repair Pathway to Improve Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Molecules 2018; 23:E3217. [PMID: 30563166 PMCID: PMC6320861 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Demethoxycurcumin (DMC), through a self-assembled amphiphilic carbomethyl-hexanoyl chitosan (CHC) nanomatrix has been successfully developed and used as a therapeutic approach to inhibit cisplatin-induced drug resistance by suppressing excision repair cross-complementary 1 (ERCC1) in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells (NSCLC). Previously, DMC significantly inhibited on-target cisplatin resistance protein, ERCC1, via PI3K-Akt-snail pathways in NSCLC. However, low water solubility and bioavailability of DMC causes systemic elimination and prevents its clinical application. To increase its bioavailability and targeting capacity toward cancer cells, a DMC-polyvinylpyrrolidone core phase was prepared, followed by encapsulating in a CHC shell to form a DMC-loaded core-shell hydrogel nanoparticles (DMC-CHC NPs). We aimed to understand whether DMC-CHC NPs efficiently potentiate cisplatin-induced apoptosis through downregulation of ERCC1 in NSCLC. DMC-CHC NPs displayed good cellular uptake efficiency. Dissolved in water, DMC-CHC NPs showed comparable cytotoxic potency with free DMC (dissolved in DMSO). A sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay indicated that DMC-CHC NPs significantly increased cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity by highly efficient intracellular delivery of the encapsulated DMC. A combination of DMC-CHC NPs and cisplatin significantly inhibited on-target cisplatin resistance protein, ERCC1, via the PI3K-Akt pathway. Also, this combination treatment markedly increased the post-target cisplatin resistance pathway including bax, and cytochrome c expressions. Thymidine phosphorylase (TP), a main role of the pyrimidine salvage pathway, was also highly inhibited by the combination treatment. The results suggested that enhancement of the cytotoxicity to cisplatin via administration of DMC-CHC NPs was mediated by down-regulation of the expression of TP, and ERCC1, regulated via the PI3K-Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Hsueh-Hsih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, No.6, Lugong Rd. Lugang Town, Changhua County 505, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ting Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Chuan Hung
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Hsueh-Hsih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Hsueh-Hsih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chen Tu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Hsueh-Hsih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Dean-Mo Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Shou-Jen Lan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Hsueh-Hsih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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5
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Li PY, Liang YC, Sheu MJ, Huang SS, Chao CY, Kuo YH, Huang GJ. Alpinumisoflavone attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by regulating the effects of anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation both in vitro and in vivo. RSC Adv 2018; 8:31515-31528. [PMID: 35548248 PMCID: PMC9085634 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04098b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinumisoflavone (AIF) is a plant-derived pyranoisoflavone that exhibits a number of pharmacological activities, but the protective effects of AIF against pulmonary inflammation are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and possible molecular mechanisms of AIF in both lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages and mice. The results revealed that AIF dramatically suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory mediators [including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-17, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and nitric oxide (NO)] and increased the levels of anti-oxidative enzymes [including catalase (CAT), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, pre-treatment with AIF could not only significantly prevent histopathological changes and neutrophil infiltration but also decreased the expression levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and the nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, as well as IL-17 production in LPS-induced lung tissues. The anti-inflammatory effects of AIF were mediated by up-regulating anti-oxidative enzymes and suppressing the NF-κB, MAPK, NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-17 signaling pathways. This is the first study to reveal that AIF has a protective effect against LPS-induced lung injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Li
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Liang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan +886-4-22053366 ext. 5508
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Shyun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan
| | - Che-Yi Chao
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University Taichung 41354 Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan +886-4-22053366 ext. 5508
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan +886-4-22053366 ext. 5508
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6
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Wu CH, Liu FC, Pan CH, Lai MT, Lan SJ, Wu CH, Sheu MJ. Suppression of Cell Growth, Migration and Drug Resistance by Ethanolic Extract of Antrodia cinnamomea in Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells and C57BL/6J Allograft Tumor Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29522490 PMCID: PMC5877652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory activities of ethanolic extracts from Antrodia cinnamomea (EEAC) on lung cancer. Cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution were analyzed using (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Wound-healing assay, Western blotting, and a murine tumor model were separately used to examine cell migration, protein expression, and tumor repression. Our results showed that EEAC induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase resulting decreased cell viability in A549 cells. Moreover, EEAC up-regulated the growth-suppressing proteins, adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p21 and p27, but down-regulated the growth-promoting proteins, protein kinase B (Akt), mammalian tarfet of rapamycin (mTOR), extracellular signal-regulating kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), retinoblastoma protein (Rb), cyclin E, and cyclin D1. EEAC also inhibited A549 cell migration and reduced expression of gelatinases. In addition, our data showed that tumor growth was suppressed after treatment with EEAC in a murine allograft tumor model. Some bioactive compounds from EEAC, such as cordycepin and zhankuic acid A, were demonstrated to reduce the protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and cyclin D1 in A549 cells. Furthermore, EEAC enhanced chemosensitivity of A549 to paclitaxel by reducing the protein levels of caveolin-1. Our data suggests that EEAC has the potential to be an adjuvant medicine for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Han Wu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Fon-Chang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Hsu Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Tsung Lai
- Department of Pathology, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare Taiwan, Taichung 40343, Taiwan.
| | - Shou-Jen Lan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
| | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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7
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Pan CH, Li PC, Chien YC, Yeh WT, Liaw CC, Sheu MJ, Wu CH. Suppressive activities and mechanisms of ugonin J on vascular smooth muscle cells and balloon angioplasty-induced neointimal hyperplasia. Phytother Res 2017; 32:312-320. [PMID: 29250830 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Neointimal hyperplasia (or restenosis) is primarily attributed to excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of ugonin J on VSMC proliferation and migration as well as neointimal formation. Cell viability and the cell-cycle distribution were, respectively, analyzed using an MTT assay and flow cytometry. Cell migration was examined using a wound-healing analysis and a transwell assay. Protein expressions and gelatinase activities were, respectively, measured using Western blot and gelatin zymography. Balloon angioplasty-induced neointimal formation was induced in a rat carotid artery model and then examined using immunohistochemical staining. Ugonin J induced cell-cycle arrest at the G0 /G1 phase and apoptosis to inhibit VSMC growth. Ugonin J also exhibited marked suppressive activity on VSMC migration. Ugonin J significantly reduced activations of focal adhesion kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 proteins. Moreover, ugonin J obviously reduced expressions and activity levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9. In vivo data indicated that ugonin J prevented balloon angioplasty-induced neointimal hyperplasia. Our study suggested that ugonin J has the potential for application in the prevention of balloon injury-induced neointimal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsu Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,USC-Taiwan Center for Translational Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Yi-Chung Chien
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Yeh
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chuang Liaw
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
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8
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Chou PY, Lee MM, Lin SY, Sheu MJ. Pipoxolan Exhibits Antitumor Activity Toward Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through Reactive Oxygen Species-mediated Apoptosis. Anticancer Res 2017; 37:6391-6400. [PMID: 29061824 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pipoxolan is frequently prescribed as a smooth muscle relaxant. Pipoxolan has also been shown to have anticancer activity. Our study investigated whether pipoxolan induced apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Cell cytotoxicity was evaluated by the MTT assay. Cell apoptosis and cell-cycle distribution were measured by annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining and flow cytometry, respectively. Apoptotic-related proteins were assessed by western blotting. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured with fluorescent probes. Following exposure of TW206 OSCC cells to pipoxolan, a time-dependently decrease in MMP and an increase in ROS were observed. However, these effects were significantly abrogated by the free radical scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Since high levels of ROS were produced early in the treatment, intracellular ROS seemed to play a key role in pipoxolan-induced apoptosis. In HSC-3 OSCC cells, our results demonstrated that pipoxolan treatment caused a time-dependent increase of protein expression of active caspase-3 and -9, cytosolic cytochrome c, cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2)-like protein 4 (BAX). However, expression of BCL2 itself was reduced. Clearly, such an increase in BAX/BCL2 ratio would be associated with apoptosis. In addition, pipoxolan markedly suppressed the protein expression of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) and phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT). These data suggest that pipoxolan acts against HSC-3 in vitro via intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways, and inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Chou
- Department of Nursing, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Sports Recreation and Health Management Continuing Studies - Bachelor's Degree Completion Program, Tung Hai University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Min-Min Lee
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Sung-Yuan Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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9
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Hsu FG, Hsieh YW, Sheu MJ, Lin CC, Lin CL, Hsu CY, Lee CY, Chang MY, Chang KH. Tamoxifen use and acute pancreatitis: A population-based cohort study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173089. [PMID: 28291833 PMCID: PMC5349648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several case reports have indicated that tamoxifen induced acute pancreatitis (AP); but no pharmacoepidemiological data support the claim. Therefore, we investigated whether tamoxifen use is correlated with the risk of AP in patients with breast cancer. METHODS This population-based cohort study used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. A cohort of 22 005 patients aged ≥20 years with breast cancer from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2009 was identified and the date of cancer diagnosis was set as the index date. The end point was developing AP during the follow-up. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated to determine the correlation between the risk of AP and tamoxifen use. Because the drug use varied over time, it was measured as a time-dependent covariate in the Cox proportional hazard model. The same approaches were applied in PS-matched cohorts. RESULTS After adjustment for covariates and medication use including fluorouracil and doxorubicin, the risk of AP was not significant between tamoxifen users and tamoxifen nonusers (adjusted HR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.74-1.19) in the non-matching cohorts. The results revealed no dose-response trend between tamoxifen use and the risk of AP (adjusted HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.96-1.00). The comorbidities DM and gallstones were associated with a significantly increased risk of AP. Similar trends were observed in PS-matched cohorts. CONCLUSIONS No significant correlation was observed between tamoxifen use and the risk of AP in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Gen Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Wen Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chen Lin
- Healthcare Service Research Center (HSRC), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung Y. Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yin Lee
- College of Medicine, The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University (Yancho Campus), Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yin Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hsi Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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10
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Hsu FG, Sheu MJ, Lin CL, Hsieh YW, Lai SW. Use of Zolpidem and Risk of Acute Pyelonephritis in Women: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Taiwan. J Clin Pharmacol 2016; 57:376-381. [PMID: 27539679 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess a possible correlation between zolpidem use and acute pyelonephritis (APN) in women in Taiwan. Therefore, we performed a case-control study involving the Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database between 2000 and 2011. This study included 3151 female participants aged 20 to 84 years who experienced the first bout of APN (case group) and 6015 randomly selected female participants without APN (control group). Zolpidem use was defined as "current," "early," or "late," if the last remaining 1 tablet for zolpidem was detected within 7 days, between 8 and 14 days, or ≥15 days before the date of APN diagnosis, respectively. The multivariable unconditional logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the correlation between zolpidem use and APN. After adjusting for confounders, the multivariable analysis yielded an adjusted APN OR of 2.2 for participants with current zolpidem use (95%CI 1.7-2.8) compared with participants who never used zolpidem. The adjusted ORs gradually decreased to 1.4 for participants with early zolpidem use (95%CI 0.8-2.5) and 1.1 for participants with late zolpidem use (95%CI 0.9-1.2), but without statistical significance. Only patients with current zolpidem use had a significantly increased relative risk of APN. Additional large confirmatory studies are needed to illustrate a causal relationship. Meanwhile, physicians and pharmacists should be more cautious about the risk of APN when prescribing and dispensing zolpidem in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Gen Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Wen Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Lai
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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11
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Chung YL, Pan CH, Wang CCN, Hsu KC, Sheu MJ, Chen HF, Wu CH. Methyl Protodioscin, a Steroidal Saponin, Inhibits Neointima Formation in Vitro and in Vivo. J Nat Prod 2016; 79:1635-1644. [PMID: 27227546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Restenosis (or neointimal hyperplasia) remains a clinical limitation of percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are known to be involved in the development of restenosis. The present study aimed to investigate the ability and molecular mechanisms of methyl protodioscin (1), a steroidal saponin isolated from the root of Dioscorea nipponica, to inhibit neointimal formation. Our study demonstrated that 1 markedly inhibited the growth and migration of VSMCs (A7r5 cells). A cytometric analysis suggested that 1 induced growth inhibition by arresting VSMCs at the G1 phase of the cell cycle. A rat carotid artery balloon injury model indicated that neointima formation of the balloon-injured vessel was markedly reduced after extravascular administration of 1. Compound 1 decreased the expression levels of ADAM15 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 15) and its downstream signaling pathways in the VSMCs. Moreover, the expressions and activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) were also suppressed by 1 in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, the molecular mechanisms appear to be mediated, in part, through the downregulation of ADAM15, FAK, ERK, and PI3K/Akt.
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MESH Headings
- ADAM Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Algorithms
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/cytology
- Carotid Artery Injuries
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Dioscorea/chemistry
- Diosgenin/analogs & derivatives
- Diosgenin/chemistry
- Diosgenin/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Hyperplasia/drug therapy
- Membrane Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Models, Theoretical
- Molecular Structure
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Neointima/drug therapy
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Plant Roots/chemistry
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Saponins/chemistry
- Saponins/isolation & purification
- Saponins/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Lung Chung
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University , Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-N Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University , Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Cheng Hsu
- Cancer Biology and Drug Dsicovery, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University , Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Feng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University , Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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12
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Teng YN, Sheu MJ, Hsieh YW, Wang RY, Chiang YC, Hung CC. β-carotene reverses multidrug resistant cancer cells by selectively modulating human P-glycoprotein function. Phytomedicine 2016; 23:316-323. [PMID: 26969385 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The issue of multidrug resistance (MDR) cancer is one of the major barriers to successful chemotherapy treatment. The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux transporters play an important role in the chemotherapeutic failure. Several generations of ABC efflux transporter inhibitors have been developed, however, none of them could provide better clinical outcome due to systemic toxicities and significant drug-drug interactions. Therefore, the present study focused on identifying the effect of the natural carotenoid on ABC transporters and may provide a safer choice to defeat MDR cancer. PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the inhibitory potency of β-carotene on the ABC efflux transporters, as well as the reversal effect of β-carotene toward MDR cancers. The underlying molecular mechanisms and inhibitory kinetics of β-carotene on the major ABC efflux transporter, P-glycoprotein, were further investigated. METHODS The human P-gp (ABCB1/Flp-In(TM)-293), MRP1 (ABCC1/Flp-In(TM)-293) and BCRP (ABCG2/Flp-In(TM)-293) stable expression cells were established by using the Flp-In(TM) system. The cytotoxicity of β-carotene was evaluated by MTT assay in the established cell lines, sensitive cancer cell lines (HeLaS3 and NCI-H460) and resistant cancer cell lines (KB-vin and NCI-H460/MX20). Surface protein detection assay and eFluxx-ID Green Dye assay were applied for confirmation of surface expression and function of the transporters. The transporter inhibition potency of β-carotene was evaluated by calcein-AM uptake assay and mitoxantrone accumulation assay. Further interaction kinetics between β-carotene and P-gp were analyzed by rhodamine123 and doxorubicin efflux assay. The influence of β-carotene on ATPase activity was evaluated by Pgp-Glo(TM) Assay System. RESULTS Among the tested ABC efflux transporters, β-carotene significantly inhibited human P-gp efflux function without altering ABCB1 mRNA expression. Furthermore, β-carotene stimulated both P-gp basal ATPase activity and the verapamil-stimulated P-gp ATPase activity. In addition, β-carotene exerted partially inhibitory effect on BCRP efflux function. The combination of β-carotene and chemotherapeutic agents significantly potentiated their cytotoxicity in both cell stably expressed human P-gp (ABCB1/Flp-In(TM)-293) and MDR cancer cells (KB-vin and NCI-H460/MX20). CONCLUSION The present study indicated that β-carotene may be considered as a chemo-sensitizer and regarded as an adjuvant therapy in MDR cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ning Teng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan 40402, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan 40402, R.O.C
| | - Yow-Wen Hsieh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan 40402, R.O.C.; Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yude Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ruey-Yun Wang
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan 40402, R.O.C
| | - Yao-Chang Chiang
- Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan 40402, R.O.C
| | - Chin-Chuan Hung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan 40402, R.O.C.; Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yude Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan, R.O.C..
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13
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Chen YY, Liu FC, Wu TS, Sheu MJ. Antrodia cinnamomea Inhibits Migration in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells: The Role of ERp57 and PGK-1. Am J Chin Med 2016; 43:1671-96. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Evidences suggest that ERp57 and PGK-1 signaling lead to cancer cell proliferation and migration. We hypothesized that ERp57 and PGK-1 down-regulation may inactivate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, -9 expressions and inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) migration. Antrodia cinnamomea is widely prescribed as an adjuvant to treat HCC in Taiwan. We aimed to investigate if ethanol extract of fruiting bodies of Antrodia cinnamomea (EEAC) and its active ingredients (i.e., zhankuic acid A, cordycepin, and adenosine) can modulate HCC cancer cells migration through ERp57 and PGK-1 and other molecular pathways such as PI3K/Akt and MAPK. ERp57 and PGK-1 siRNA were transfected into HCC to determine effects on MMP-2/-9 expressions and cell migration. We then examined the inhibitory effects of EEAC and its active ingredients on HCC migration and its related mechanisms including ERp57, PGK-1, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways. Down-regulation of ERp57 and PGK-1 by siRNA decreased MMP-2, -9 expressions and Transwell cell migration in HCC. Nontoxic EEAC markedly inhibited migration of HCC, and significantly inhibited activities and protein expressions of MMP-2 and -9, while the expression of the endogenous inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) of these proteins increased. Nontoxic EEAC and its active ingredients decreased ERp57, GLUD-1, GST-pi, and PGK-1 protein expressions. Finally, nontoxic EEAC inhibited the phosphorylated FAK, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK signaling. Our findings first indicate that EEAC and its ingredients effectively suppress HCC migration. Additionally, the molecular mechanisms appear to be mediated, in part, through the down-regulation of ERp57, PGK-1, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Fon-Chang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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14
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Lee MM, Chen YY, Liu PY, Hsu S, Sheu MJ. Pipoxolan inhibits CL1–5 lung cancer cells migration and invasion through inhibition of MMP-9 and MMP-2. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 236:19-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Pan CH, Lin WH, Chien YC, Liu FC, Sheu MJ, Kuo YH, Wu CH. K20E, an oxidative-coupling compound of methyl caffeate, exhibits anti-angiogenic activities through down-regulations of VEGF and VEGF receptor-2. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 282:215-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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16
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Li PC, Pan CH, Sheu MJ, Wu CC, Ma WF, Wu CH. Deep sea water prevents balloon angioplasty-induced hyperplasia through MMP-2: an in vitro and in vivo study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96927. [PMID: 24824358 PMCID: PMC4019650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Major facts about the development of restenosis include vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and migration. A previous study showed that in vitro treatment with magnesium chloride has the potential to affect the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Magnesium is the major element in deep sea water (DSW) and is a biologically active mineral. It is unclear whether DSW intake can prevent abnormal proliferation and migration of VSMCs as well as balloon angioplasty-induced neointimal hyperplasia. Thus, we attempted to evaluate the anti-restenotic effects of DSW and its possible molecular mechanisms. Several concentrations of DSW, based on the dietary recommendations (RDA) for magnesium, were applied to a model of balloon angioplasty in SD rats. The results showed that DSW intake markedly increased magnesium content within the vascular wall and reduced the development of neointimal hyperplasia. The immunohistochemical analysis also showed that the expression of proteins associated with cell proliferation and migration were decreased in the balloon angioplasty groups with DSW supplement. Furthermore, in vitro treatment with DSW has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on serum-stimulated proliferation and migration of VSMCs, whose effects might be mediated by modulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and of the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). Our study suggested that DSW intake can help prevent neointimal hyperplasia (or restenosis), whose effects may be partially regulated by magnesium and other minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CHW); (MJS)
| | - Chin-Ching Wu
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fen Ma
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CHW); (MJS)
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17
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Sheu MJ, Hsieh YY, Lai CH, Chang CC, Wu CH. Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Effects of C-phycocyanin in Golden Syrian Hamsters Fed with a Hypercholesterolemic Diet. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 3:41-7. [PMID: 24716154 PMCID: PMC3924977 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.106545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia and oxidation play major roles upon cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). C-phycocyanin (CPC), the major component in blue-green algae, possesses antiinflammatory and radical scavenging properties. Herein we aimed to investigate the effect of CPC upon lipid metabolism and its antioxidant effects. Golden Syrian hamsters were randomly assigned to five groups: (1) control; (2) 0.2% cholesterol; (3) 0.2% cholesterol+ 1% lopid; (4) 0.2% cholesterol+ 0.25% CPC; and (5) 0.2% cholesterol+ 1.25% CPC. All animals were sacrificed after 8-week feeding. Serum cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) were examined. The diene conjugation in the Cu2+-mediated oxidation of LDL was measured. The protein levels of several antioxidative enzymes including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutases (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) of liver were assayed. HepG2 cells were cultured in medium containing various concentrations of CPC (0, 1, 15, and 30 μM). The mRNA concentrations of LDL receptor, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, SOD-1 and GPx of HepG2 cells in each group were analyzed. CPC was effective in lowering serum cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), TG, LDL, GOT, and GPT. CPC was found to decrease the malondialdehyde (MDA) equivalents and delay the diene conjugation in the Cu2+-mediated oxidation of LDL. CPC increase the enzyme expressions of CAT, SOD, and GPx. CPC concentrations were positively correlated with the mRNA level of LDL receptor while the mRNA levels of HMG CoA reductase, SOD-1, and GPx in HepG2 cells were not affected. The lipid-lowering and antioxidation effects of CPC suggest its roles in prevention of CVD and atherosclerotic formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. ; Contributed equally
| | - Yao-Yuan Hsieh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. ; Contributed equally
| | - Ching-Hsiu Lai
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. ; Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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18
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Chung YL, Pan CH, Liou WH, Sheu MJ, Lin WH, Chen TC, Huang HS, Wu CH. NSC746364, a G-Quadruplex-Stabilizing Agent, Suppresses Cell Growth of A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells Through Activation of the ATR/Chk1-Dependent Pathway. J Pharmacol Sci 2014; 124:7-17. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.13096fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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19
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Liu FC, Lai MT, Chen YY, Lin WH, Chang SJ, Sheu MJ, Wu CH. Elucidating the inhibitory mechanisms of the ethanolic extract of the fruiting body of the mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea on the proliferation and migration of murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells and their tumorigenicity in a BALB/c allograft tumor model. Phytomedicine 2013; 20:874-882. [PMID: 23611488 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore whether the ethanolic extract of Antrodia cinnamomea (EEAC), a medical mushroom form Taiwan, could affect the proliferation and migration of WEHI-3 cells in vitro and to explore the antitumor effects of EEAC in BALB/c mice engrafted with WEHI-3 cells. The results showed that EEAC inhibited the proliferation of WEHI-3 cells, resulting in the accumulation of cell in G0/G1 and G2/M phases, as determined by flow cytometry. Moreover, EEAC markedly reduced the migration of WEHI-3 cells, as determined by a transwell assay. Treatment of WEHI-3 cells with EEAC also decreased MMP-9 protein expression and enzyme activity. The protein levels of p-Akt, p-ERK1/2 were also decreased, whereas the expression of p21 and p27 was increased. Furthermore, in an in vivo model, EEAC treatment reduced the infiltration of WEHI-3 cells into the liver and spleens and decreased tumor growth. Other bioactive compounds, such as cordycepin and zhankuic acid A, have been demonstrated to reduce the expression of MMP-9, cyclin E, cyclin D1 and to increase the expression of p21, p27. This is the first study to investigate that the mechanisms by which EEAC reduce the proliferation and migration of WEHI-3 cells in vitro, as well as the ability of EEAC to reduced infiltration of WEHI-3 cells into the liver and spleen in vivo. The results suggest that EEAC may prove to be useful in future antileukemic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fon-Chang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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20
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Sheu MJ, Chou PY, Lin WH, Pan CH, Chien YC, Chung YL, Liu FC, Wu CH. Deep sea water modulates blood pressure and exhibits hypolipidemic effects via the AMPK-ACC pathway: an in vivo study. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:2183-202. [PMID: 23774889 PMCID: PMC3721228 DOI: 10.3390/md11062183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep sea water (DSW), originally pumped from the Pacific Rim off the coast of Hualien County (Taiwan), and its mineral constituents, were concentrated by a low-temperature vacuum evaporation system to produce a hardness of approximately 400,000 mg/L of seawater mineral concentrate. The primary composition of this seawater mineral concentrate was ionic magnesium (Mg2+), which was approximately 96,000 mg/L. Referring to the human recommended daily allowance (RDA) of magnesium, we diluted the mineral concentrate to three different dosages: 0.1 × DSW (equivalent to 3.75 mg Mg2+/kg DSW); 1 × DSW (equivalent to 37.5 mg Mg2+/kg DSW); and 2 × DSW (equivalent to 75 mg Mg2+/kg DSW). Additionally, a magnesium chloride treatment was conducted for comparison with the DSW supplement. The study indicated that 0.1 × DSW, 1 × DSW and 2 × DSW decreased the systolic and diastolic pressures in spontaneous hypertensive rats in an eight-week experiment. DSW has been shown to reduce serum lipids and prevent atherogenesis in a hypercholesterolemic rabbit model. Our results demonstrated that 1 × DSW and 2 × DSW significantly suppressed the serum cholesterol levels, reduced the lipid accumulation in liver tissues, and limited aortic fatty streaks. These findings indicated that the antiatherogenic effects of DSW are associated with 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) stimulation and the consequent inhibition of phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in atherosclerotic rabbits. We hypothesize that DSW could potentially be used as drinking water because it modulates blood pressure, reduces lipids, and prevents atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-H.L.); (C.-H.P.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-L.C.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (M.-J.S.); (C.-H.W.); Tel.: +886-4-220-533-66 (ext. 5158) (M.-J.S.); +886-4-220-533-66 (ext. 5101) (C.-H.W.); Fax: +886-4-220-737-09
| | - Pei-Yu Chou
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Wen-Hsin Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-H.L.); (C.-H.P.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Chun-Hsu Pan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-H.L.); (C.-H.P.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Yi-Chung Chien
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-H.L.); (C.-H.P.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Yun-Lung Chung
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-H.L.); (C.-H.P.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Fon-Chang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-H.L.); (C.-H.P.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-L.C.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Da-Chien General Hospital, Miaoli 36052, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-H.L.); (C.-H.P.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-L.C.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (M.-J.S.); (C.-H.W.); Tel.: +886-4-220-533-66 (ext. 5158) (M.-J.S.); +886-4-220-533-66 (ext. 5101) (C.-H.W.); Fax: +886-4-220-737-09
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Pan CH, Tsai CH, Liu FC, Fan MJ, Sheu MJ, Hsieh WT, Wu CH. Influence of different particle processing on hypocholesterolemic and antiatherogenic activities of yam (Dioscorea pseudojaponica) in cholesterol-fed rabbit model. J Sci Food Agric 2013; 93:1278-1283. [PMID: 23400896 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 03/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticle processing is implicated in enhancing bioactive or nutritional compound release from raw foods. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether different particle processing might affect the lipid-lowering activity of Dioscorea pseudojaponica (DP) and to investigate whether DP could be a potential functional food for prevention of atherogenesis. Its possible molecular mechanisms were also evaluated. RESULTS The results indicated that 50 mesh-size DP (50 mesh DP) particles exhibited stronger effects than nanoscale DP (nano DP) particles in terms of lowering the level of serum cholesterol as well as reducing the extent of fatty liver and aortic fatty streak. Moreover, both DP particle types, particularly 50 mesh DP, significantly activated AMPK (5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) and deactivated ACC (acetyl-CoA carboxylase), as demonstrated by the increased levels of both enzymes in their phosphorylated form. Coincidently, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed a higher content (P < 0.01) of dioscin, a known lipid-lowering compound, in 50 mesh DP than in nano DP. CONCLUSION These results suggest that improper processing conditions will lead to the decomposition of bioactive components in yam. They also demonstrate for the first time that the lipid-lowering mechanisms of DP may occur through the AMPK-ACC pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsu Pan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
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Sheu MJ, Lin HY, Yang YH, Chou CJ, Chien YC, Wu TS, Wu CH. Demethoxycurcumin, a major active curcuminoid from Curcuma longa
, suppresses balloon injury induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration and neointima formation: An in vitro and in vivo study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1586-97. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ju Chou
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chung Chien
- Department of Life Science and Agricultural Biotechnology Center; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
- Chinese Medicinal Research and Development Center; China Medical University and Hospital; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
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Chien YC, Huang GJ, Cheng HC, Wu CH, Sheu MJ. Hispolon attenuates balloon-injured neointimal formation and modulates vascular smooth muscle cell migration via AKT and ERK phosphorylation. J Nat Prod 2012; 75:1524-1533. [PMID: 22967007 DOI: 10.1021/np3002145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The pathological mechanism of restenosis is attributed primarily to excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). The preventive effects of hispolon (1) on balloon injury-induced neointimal formation were investigated, and 1 showed potent activity in inhibiting fetal bovine serum-induced VSMC outgrowth. Hispolon (1) significantly inhibited VSMC migration, as shown by trans-well assays. Compound 1 decreased the expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). The expression of the endogenous inhibitors of these proteins, namely, tissue inhibitors of MMP (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2), increased. The inhibition by noncytotoxic doses of 1 of VSMC migration was through its negative regulatory effects on FAK phosphorylation, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and PI3K/AKT. These results demonstrate that 1 can inhibit the migration of VSMC by reduced expression of MMP-9 through the suppression of the FAK signaling pathway and of the activity of PI3K/AKT. The data obtained suggest that 1 might block balloon injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia via the inhibition of VSMC proliferation and migration, without inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chung Chien
- Department of Life Science and Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Chien YC, Sheu MJ, Wu CH, Lin WH, Chen YY, Cheng PL, Cheng HC. A Chinese herbal formula "Gan-Lu-Yin" suppresses vascular smooth muscle cell migration by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 through the PI3K/AKT and ERK signaling pathways. BMC Complement Altern Med 2012; 12:137. [PMID: 22920190 PMCID: PMC3475136 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was to explore the effects of Gan-Lu-Yin (GLY) on the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by fetal bovine serum and on neointima formation in a rat model of carotid artery balloon injury. METHODS VSMCs were treated with different concentrations of GLY, and then analyzed with Flow cytometric analysis, zymography, transwell, and western blotting. SD rats received balloon-injury were analyzed with H&E staining. RESULTS Our results showed that GLY significantly decreased the thickness of neointima. The inhibition by non-cytoxic doses of GLY of VSMCs migration was through its negative regulatory effects on phosphorylated ERK1/2, PI3K/AKT, and FAK. The data showed that GLY can inhibit the migration of VSMCs cells, and might block injury-induced neointima hyperplasia via the inhibition of VSMCs migration, without inducing apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These observations provide a mechanism of GLY in attenuating cell migration, thus as a potential intervention for restenosis.
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Chen YY, Chou PY, Chien YC, Wu CH, Wu TS, Sheu MJ. Ethanol extracts of fruiting bodies of Antrodia cinnamomea exhibit anti-migration action in human adenocarcinoma CL1-0 cells through the MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Phytomedicine 2012; 19:768-778. [PMID: 22464013 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is a primary cause of cancer death. Antrodia cinnamomea (A. cinnamomea), a medicinal mushroom in Taiwan, has been shown antioxidant and anticancer activities. In this study, we first observed that ethanol extract of fruiting bodies of A. cinnamomea (EEAC) exerted a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on migration and motility of CL1-0 cells in the absence of cytotoxicity. The results of a gelatin zymography assay showed that A. cinnamomea suppressed the activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in a concentration-dependent manner. Western blot results demonstrated that treatment with A. cinnamomea decreased the expression of MMP-9 and MMP-2; while the expression of the endogenous inhibitors of these proteins, i.e., tissue inhibitors of MMP (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) increased. Two major compounds from EEAC codycepin and zhankuic acid A alone and together inhibited MMP-9 and MMP-2 expressions. Further investigation revealed that A. cinnamomea suppressed the phosphorylation of p38, and JNK1/2. A. cinnamomea also suppressed the expressions of PI3K and phosphorylation of AKT. This is the first report confirming the anti-migration activity of this potentially beneficial mushroom against human lung adenocarcinoma CL1-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Chou PY, Huang GJ, Pan CH, Chien YC, Chen YY, Wu CH, Sheu MJ, Cheng HC. Trilinolein Inhibits Proliferation of Human Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma A549 Through the Modulation of PI3K/Akt Pathway. Am J Chin Med 2012; 39:803-15. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x11009214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Trilinolein has been identified as one of the active constituents isolated from Panax notoginseng used widely in traditional Chinese medicine. Protective actions of Panax notoginseng against cerebral ischemia, beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system, and hemostatic, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, renoprotective and estrogen-like activities have been illustrated. In the present study, the effects of trilinolein on the growth of non-small cell lung carcinoma A549 were investigated. It was found that the exposure of A549 cells to trilinolein resulted in the growth inhibition and the induction of apoptosis in a dose- and time- dependent manner. Trilinolein treatment induced the upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax, downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression, which was associated with the proteolytic activation of caspases and the concomitant degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein. Intracellular reactive oxygen species seem to play a role in the trilinolein-induced apoptosis, since ROS were produced early in the trilinolein treatment. Moreover, the activity of PI3K/Akt was downregulated in trilinolein-treated cells. Our results demonstrated that the most important regulators of trilinolein-induced apoptosis are Bcl-2 family and caspase-3, which are associated with cytochrome c release and dephosphorylation on the Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Chou
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Pan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chung Chien
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Chen Cheng
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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LI PC, Chou PY, Wu CH, Sheu MJ. Investigation of anti‐oral cancer molecular mechanism of pipoxolan in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1037.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Chen YY, Wu CH, Sheu MJ. Ethanol extracts of fruiting bodies of Antrodia cinnamomea suppresses CL1‐5 human lung adenocarcinoma cells migration by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase‐2/9 through ERK, JNK, p38 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1037.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Huang MH, Huang SS, Wang BS, Wu CH, Sheu MJ, Hou WC, Lin SS, Huang GJ. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Cardiospermum halicacabum and its reference compounds ex vivo and in vivo. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 133:743-750. [PMID: 21073940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY Cardiospermum halicacabum (CH) has been used in Chinese medicine for a long time. However, its fingerprint chromatogram, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism are still needed to be explored. Therefore, the aims of this study investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of CH extracts and its reference compounds ex vivo and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS In HPLC analysis, the fingerprint chromatogram of ethanolic extract of CH (ECH) was established. The effects of ACH (aqueous extract of CH) and ECH extracts were assessed for the antioxidant and LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells. In vivo anti-inflammatory activities of ECH were evaluated in mouse paw edema induced by λ-carrageenan (Carr). We investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ECH via studies of the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the liver and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite oxide (NO) in the edema paw. Serum NO and TNF-α were also measured. RESULTS ECH had better antioxidant activity than that of ACH. In the anti-inflammatory test, ECH inhibited the development of paw edema induced by Carr and increased the activities of CAT, SOD and GPx in the liver tissue. ECH also decreased the level of NO in edematous paw tissue and in serum level, and diminished the level of serum TNF-α at the fifth hour after Carr injection. CONCLUSIONS ECH exerts anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing TNF-α and NO. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of ECH might be related to the decrement of the level of MDA in the edema paw via increasing the activities of CAT, SOD and GPx in the liver. The results showed that ECH might serve as a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsing Huang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, 60 Erh-Jen Road, Sec. 1, Jen-Te, Tainan 717, Taiwan
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Chang HY, Sheu MJ, Yang CH, Lu TC, Chang YS, Peng WH, Huang SS, Huang GJ. Analgesic effects and the mechanisms of anti-inflammation of hispolon in mice. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2010; 2011:478246. [PMID: 19349477 PMCID: PMC3136186 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hispolon, an active ingredient in the fungi Phellinus linteus was evaluated with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Treatment of male ICR mice with hispolon (10 and 20 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the numbers of acetic acid-induced writhing response. Also, our result showed that hispolon (20 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the formalin-induced pain in the later phase (P<.01). In the anti-inflammatory test, hispolon (20 mg/kg) decreased the paw edema at the fourth and fifth hour after λ-carrageenin (Carr) administration, and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GRx) in the liver tissue. We also demonstrated that hispolon significantly attenuated the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the edema paw at the fifth hour after Carr injection. Hispolon (10 and 20 mg/kg) decreased the nitric oxide (NO) levels on both the edema paw and serum level at the fifth hour after Carr injection. Also, hispolon (10 and 20 mg/kg) diminished the serum TNF-α at the fifth hour after Carr injection. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of hispolon might be related to the decrease in the level of MDA in the edema paw by increasing the activities of SOD, GPx and GRx in the liver. It probably exerts anti-inflammatory effects through the suppression of TNF-α and NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Yuan Chang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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Pan CH, Hsieh IC, Liu FC, Hsieh WT, Sheu MJ, Koizumi A, Wu CH. Effects of a Chinese herbal health formula, "Gan-Lu-Yin", on angiogenesis. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:7685-7692. [PMID: 20527984 DOI: 10.1021/jf1002254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
According to the known effects of each ingredient, Gan-Lu-Yin (GLY), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has the potential to be an antiangiogenic agent. The purpose of this study was to explore the putative effect of GLY on antiangiogenesis. An ethanol extract of GLY was tested on chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to evaluate the effects of GLY extract on cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. The results showed that treatment with 1.0 mg/mL of GLY extract could markedly reduce cell migration and in vitro tube formation of HUVEC, and 1.5 mg/mL of GLY extract was sufficient to inhibit proliferation of HUVEC. The expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) of HUVEC was significantly decreased by 1.5 and 2.0 mg/mL of GLY extract. In chicken CAM assay, all tested concentrations of GLY extract were found to reduce the capillary mesh on the CAM of fertilized eggs. The inhibitory effects of GLY extract (1 mg/mL) were also found on tumor cell-induced HUVEC proliferation and tube formation. These observations suggested that GLY extract has an inhibitory effect on angiogenesis, which in turn may prevent tumor growth, and its mechanism might be partially associated with blocking VEGF protein expression of HUVEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsu Pan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University,Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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Sheu MJ, Chou PY, Huang CS, Tsai IC, Chien YC, Lin SY, Tsai HY, Cheng HC, Wu CH. Pipoxolan inhibits proliferation of HL-60 human leukaemia cancer cells by arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2010; 37:605-12. [PMID: 20082627 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2010.05358.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which pipoxolan exerts its inhibitory effects and apoptotic activity in human leukaemia HL-60 cells. 2. The effects of pipoxolan on the proliferation of HL-60 cells and on the distribution of cells within different phases of the cell cycle were investigated indirectly using a Trypan blue assay and a flow cytometer, respectively. The effects of pipoxolan on the apoptosis of HL-60 cells was investigated using DNA fragmentation and flow cytometer. The expression of factors affecting the cell cycle and apoptosis, including p53, p21, Bax, Bcl2, cytochrome c, caspase 3 and caspase 9, was examined by western blotting. 3. At 6.25 microg/mL, pipoxolan significantly induced apoptosis in human leukaemia HL-60 cells after 24 h exposure. In addition, HL-60 cells were arrested in the G(0)/G(1) phase via the induction of p53/p21 by pipoxolan. Apoptosis was associated with an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cytochrome c release, cleavage of procaspases-9 and -3 and hydrolysis of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) seem to play a key role in the pipoxolan-induced apoptosis, because high levels of ROS were produced early in the drug treatment. Apoptosis was significantly abrogated by the free radical scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung, 404, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Sheu MJ, Chou PY, Cheng HC, Wu CH, Huang GJ, Wang BS, Chen JS, Chien YC, Huang MH. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of a water extract of Trachelospermum jasminoides (Apocynaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2009; 126:332-338. [PMID: 19703536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Revised: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY This study investigated the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of a water extract of Trachelospermum jasminoides (WET) in ICR mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS In HPLC analysis, the fingerprint chromatogram of WET was established. Acetic acid-induced writhing response and formalin-induced pain were examined the analgesics effects of WET. WET on lambda-Carrageenan(carr)-induced paw edema was performed. We investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of WET via studies of the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRx) in the liver and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite oxide (NO) in the edema paw. Serum NO and TNF-alpha were also measured. RESULTS The fingerprint chromatogram of WET was established through HPLC analysis, and implies that WET contains the active ingredient gallic acid, chlorgenic acid, caffeic acid, taxifolin, isoquercitrin and quercetin. WET significantly inhibited the numbers of acetic acid-induced writhing responses and the formalin-induced pain in the late phase. In the anti-inflammatory test, WET inhibited the development of paw edema induced by carr. WET decreased the paw edema at the third, fourth and fifth hour after carr administration, and increased the activities of SOD, GPx and GRx in the liver tissue and decreased the MDA level in the edema paw at the third hour after carr injection. WET decreased the level of NO in edematous paw tissue and in serum level, and diminished the level of serum TNF-alpha at the fifth hour after carr injection. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that WET is an effective anti-inflammatory agent in carr-induced inflammation. WET probably exerts anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing TNF-alpha and NO. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of WET might be related to the decrease in the level of MDA in the edema paw via increasing the activities of SOD, GPx and GRx in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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Yang MD, Lin SY, Chiu TH, Lin CC, Lin ML, Hsu SC, Kuo CL, Sheu MJ, Wu CC, Lin SS, Chung JG. Effects of luteolin on distribution and metabolism of 2-aminofluorene in male Sprague-Dawley rats. In Vivo 2008; 22:729-734. [PMID: 19180999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of oral luteolin on the N-acetylation and metabolism of 2-aminofluorene (AF) in vivo were investigated in bladder, blood, colon, kidney, liver, feces, urine, cerebrum, cerebellum and pineal gland from male Sprague-Dawley rats. Major metabolites such as AAF, 1-OH-AAF, 3-OH-AAF, 8-OH-AAF and 9-OH-AAF were found in bladder tissues; AAF, 1-OH-AAF, 5-OH-AAF and 8-OH-AAF were found in blood samples; AAF, 1-OH-AAF, 3-OH-AAF, 5-OH-AAF, 8-OH-AAF and 9-OH-AAF were found in colon tissues; AAF, 1-OH-AAF, 3-OH-AAF and 9-OH-AAF were found in kidney tissues; AAF, 1-OH-AAF, 3-OH-AAF and 8-OH-AAF were found in liver tissues, AAF, 1-OH-AAF, 3-OH-AAF, 5-OH-AAF, 7-OH-AAF, 8-OH-AA and 9-OH-AAF were found in feces and urine samples; AAF, 1-OH-AAF, 3-OH-AAF and 8-OH-AAF were found in cerebrum tissues; AAF, 1-OH-AAF, 3-OH-AAF and 7-OH-AAF were found in cerebellum tissues; but only AF and AAF were found in pineal gland in rats treated with AF (50 mg/kg) for 24 h. Pretreatment of rats with luteolin (30 mg/kg) 24 h prior to the administration of AF (50 mg/kg) and luteolin given with AF concomitantly led to a decrease in the amounts of 3-OH-AAF and 9-OH-AAF and an increase in the amounts of 1-OH-AAF and 8-OH-AAF in bladder tissues. In blood samples, there were significant decreases of AAF, 1-OH-AAF and 8-OH-AAF after rats were treated with luteolin for 24 h prior to AF but luteolin with AF at the same time caused an increase in 1-OH-AAF. In colon tissues, there were significant decreases of AF, 1-OH-AAF, 3-OH-AAF, 5-OH-AAF and 9-OH-AAF after rats were treated with luteolin for 24 h then AF but the amounts of AF, 1-OH-AAF, 5-OH-AAF and 9-OH-AAF decreased and AAF and 8-OH-AAF increased in rats treated with luteolin and AF at the same time. In kidney tissues, there were significant decreases of AF, AAF and 3-OH-AAF after rats were treated with both compounds at the same time, but luteolin for 24 h then AF treatment led to significant decreases of 3-OH-AAF. In liver samples, after rats were treated with luteolin and AF at the same time, the amounts of AAF and 1-OH-AAF significantly decreased but 8-OH-AAF increased. However, rats treated with luteolin for 24 h then with AF led to significant decreases of AAF, 1-OH-AAF and 3-OH-AAF. In feces samples, there were significant increases of AAF, 3-OH-AAF, 7-OH-AAF, 8-OH-AAF and 9-OH-AAF after rats were treated with both compounds at the same time but luteolin for 24 h then AF treatment led to a significant increase of AF, 1-OH-AAF and 8-OH-AAF and a decrease AAF and 3-OH-AAF. In urine samples, there were significant increases of AF, AAF, 1-OH-AAF, 3-OH-AAF, 5-OH-AAF and 9-OH-AAF but a decrease of 8-OH-AAF after rats were treated with both compounds at the same time. However, the luteolin for 24 h then AF treatment led to significant increases of AF, AAF and 1-OH-AAF but decreases of 3-OH-AAF and 5-OH-AAF. In cerebrum samples, there were significant increases ofAF but decreases of 1-OH-AAF and 8-OH-AAF after rats were treated with both compounds at the same time; luteolin for 24 h then AF treatment of rats led to significant increase of 1-OH-AAF and decreases AF, AAF and 8-OH-AAF. In cerebellum samples, there were significant increases of AAF and decreases of 1-OH-AAF and 3-OH-AAF after rats were treated with both compounds at the same time, there is a significant increase of AAF but decrease of 1-OH-AAF, 3-OH-AAF and 7-OH-AAF after the luteolin treated for 24 h then AF were treated to the rats. In pineal gland samples, there were significant increases ofAAF after rats were treated with both compounds at the same time. However, luteolin treated for 24 h then AF were treated to the rats which increase AAF but decrease AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Due Yang
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
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Huang GJ, Lai HC, Chang YS, Sheu MJ, Lu TL, Huang SS, Lin YH. Antimicrobial, dehydroascorbate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase activities of defensin from sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. 'Tainong 57'] storage roots. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:2989-2995. [PMID: 18393437 DOI: 10.1021/jf072994j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A cDNA encoding a small cysteine-rich protein designated defensin (SPD1) was isolated from sweet potato storage roots. On the basis of the amino acid sequence similarity and conserved residues, it is suggested that SPD1 is a member of the plant defensin family. Recombinant SPD1 protein overproduced in Escherichia coli was purified by Ni (2+)-chelated affinity chromatography. A recombinant protein from the storage root cDNA clone effectively inhibited the trypsin activity in a dose-dependent manner. Both the corresponding mRNA and protein level were found to be highest in the storage roots, followed by sprout. SPD1 reduced dehydroascorbate (DHA) in the presence of glutathione to regenerate l-ascorbic acid (AsA). However, without glutathione, SPD1 has very low DHA reductase activity, and AsA was oxidized by AsA oxidase to generate monodehydroascorbate (MDA) free radical. MDA was also reduced by SPD1 to AsA in the presence of NADH, mimicking the MDA reductase catalyzed reaction. These data suggest that SPD1 has both DHA reductase and MDA reductase activities. SPD1 was also shown to inhibit the growth of both fungi and bacteria. SPD1 is apparently the first reported plant defensin exhibiting DHA and MDA activities in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Jhong Huang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Sheu MJ, Huang GJ, Wu CH, Chen JS, Chang HY, Chang SJ, Chung JG. Ethanol extract of Dunaliella salina induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 human non-small cell lung cancer cells. In Vivo 2008; 22:369-378. [PMID: 18610750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The ethanol extract of Dunaliella salina (EDS) on proliferation and apoptosis in the A549 human lung cancer cell line and their associated protein expressions were investigated. After 24 and 48 h treatment, MTT assay showed that 25 microg/ml of EDS significantly reduced A549 cell proliferation by 25.2% (p<0.05) and 48.3% (p<0.01), respectively. To explore its molecular mechanisms in regulating cell proliferation, we first showed that EDS markedly reduced A549 proliferation via inhibition of BrdU incorporation at 25 microg/ml by 65.8% (p<0.001). By cytometric analysis, EDS was found to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. In the DNA gel electrophoresis assay, EDS (25, 50 and 100 microg/ml) induced significant apoptosis at 48 h. Annexin V/Propodium iodide double staining demonstrated that administration of EDS (25 microg/ml) in 12, 24 and 48 h induces apoptosis of 27.7%, 30.7%, and 38.7%. Western blotting assay demonstrated that EDS significantly increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p53 and p21 and death-receptor proteins Fas and FasL. Bax expression was also elevated by treatment with EDS. Our data suggested that EDS could influence the antiproliferative effects and induce cell cycle G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis of A549 lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jyh Sheu
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan, ROC
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Chang HY, Peng WH, Sheu MJ, Huang GJ, Tseng MC, Lai MT, Ho YL, Chang YS. Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Effects of Ethanol Extract from Phellinus merrillii on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage. Am J Chin Med 2008; 35:793-804. [PMID: 17963319 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x07005272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the hepatoprotective and antioxidant capacities of ethanol extract of Phellinus merrillii (PM) on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity. In high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, the finger print chromatogram of PM was established. Both hispolon and PM showed a similar peak at the retention time of 6 min. This implied that PM did contain the active ingredient of hispolon. Treatment with PM (0.5, 1 and 2 g/kg) prior to the administration of carbon tetrachloride (1.5 ml/kg in olive oil, 20%) significantly prevented the increased serum alanine aminotransferase (s-GOT) and serum aspartate aminotransferase (s-GPT) in a dose-dependent manner. We also found that the incidences of ballooning degeneration, necrosis and portal triaditis were lowered in the group pretreated with PM. Carbon tetrachloride induces up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) (86.6%), catalase (58.8%) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)(64.7%) in the liver. Pretreatment with PM significantly reduced the all these antioxidant enzyme activities. Therefore, we verified that ethanol extract of PM has the hepatoprotective and antioxidant capacities on rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Yuan Chang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Huang GJ, Sheu MJ, Chen HJ, Chang YS, Lin YH. Inhibition of reactive nitrogen species in vitro and ex vivo by trypsin inhibitor from sweet potato 'Tainong 57' storage roots. J Agric Food Chem 2007; 55:6000-6. [PMID: 17602566 DOI: 10.1021/jf0701786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Peroxynitrite (ONOO-), formed from a reaction of superoxide and nitric oxide, is one of the most potent cytotoxic species known to oxidize cellular constituents including essential proteins, lipids, and DNA. ONOO- induces cellular and tissue injury, resulting in several human diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, and stroke. Due to the lack of endogenous enzymes responsible for ONOO- scavenging activity, finding a specific ONOO- scavenger is of considerable importance. In this study, the ability of trypsin inhibitor (TI), isolated from sweet potato storage roots (SPTI), to scavenge *ON and ONOO- was investigated. The data obtained show that TI generated a dose-dependent inhibition on production of nitrite and superoxide radicals. The IC50 value of TI on superoxide radical was 143.2 +/- 4.29 microg/mL. SOD activity staining was used to confirm SOD activity of SPTI. SPTI also caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR) by peroxynitrite. A calculated IC50 value of 809.1 +/- 32.36 microg/mL was obtained on the inhibition of peroxynitrite radical. Spectrophotometric analyses revealed that TI suppressed the formation of ONOO--mediated tyrosine nitration through an electron donation mechanism. In further studies, TI also showed a significant ability to inhibit nitration of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo TI inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitrite production in macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 932.8 +/- 29.85 microg/mL. The present study suggested that TI had an efficient reactive nitrogen species scavenging ability. TI might be a potential effective NO and ONOO- scavenger useful for the prevention of NO- and ONOO--involved diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Jhong Huang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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Huang GJ, Sheu MJ, Chen HJ, Chang YS, Lin YH. Growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in NB4 promyelocytic leukemia cells by trypsin inhibitor from sweet potato storage roots. J Agric Food Chem 2007; 55:2548-53. [PMID: 17328557 DOI: 10.1021/jf063008m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative effect and the mechanism of trypsin inhibitor (TI) from sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. 'Tainong 57'] storage roots on NB4 promyelocytic leukemia cells. The results showed that TI inhibited cellular growth of NB4 promyelocytic leukemia cells in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner, and treatment for 72 h induced a marked inhibition of cellular growth, showing an IC50 of 57.1 +/- 8.26 microg/mL. TI caused cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase as determined by flow cytometric analysis and apoptosis as shown by DNA laddering. TI-induced cell apoptosis involved p53, Bcl-2, Bax, and cytochrome c protein in NB4 cells. P53 and Bax proteins were accumulated, and antiapoptotic molecule Bcl-2 was decreased in the tested cells in a time-dependent manner during TI treatment. TI also induced a substantial release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol. Hence, TI induced apoptosis in NB4 cells through a mitochondria-dependent pathway, which was associated with the activation of caspase-3 and -8. These results demonstrated that TI induces NB4 cell apoptosis through the inhibition of cell growth and the activation of the pathway of caspase-3 and -8 cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Jhong Huang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Tejwani GA, Sheu MJ, Sribanditmongkol P, Satyapriya A. Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by diazepam and its relation to mu-opioid receptors in the rat brain and spinal cord. Brain Res 1998; 797:305-12. [PMID: 9666154 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We have recently observed that concomitant administration of diazepam to morphine pellet implanted rats results in the inhibition of the development of morphine tolerance and dependence. We have now analyzed mu-opioid receptors in rats treated with morphine and diazepam for 5 days by using [3H]-DAMGO for binding studies. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were made tolerant and dependent by subcutaneous (s.c.) implantation of six morphine pellets (two pellets on the first day, and four on the second day). Diazepam (0.25 mg/kg b.wt) was injected once daily intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 5 days. Control rats were implanted with placebo pellets and injected once daily with saline or diazepam (i.p.). Animals were administered s.c. naloxone (10 mg/kg) to induce naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome on the final day of the experiment (day 5). There was an up-regulation of mu-receptor (Bmax increased) in the spinal cord of morphine tolerant (+139%) and dependent (+155%) rats compared to saline treated animals. Diazepam treatment abolished the up-regulation of mu-receptors in spinal cord of morphine treated rats. In the cortex, Bmax was not affected in morphine tolerant or dependent rats but it decreased by 38% in morphine tolerant and 65% in morphine dependent rats treated with diazepam. The Kd of mu-receptors increased in the cortex, striatum and hypothalamus of morphine dependent rats. Diazepam treatment decreased the Kd of mu-receptors in the cortex of morphine tolerant and hypothalamus of morphine-dependent rats. These results suggest that diazepam treatment antagonizes the up-regulation of CNS mu-receptors observed in morphine tolerant rats. In addition, morphine tolerance and dependence may be associated with conversion of mu-opioid receptors to mu-constitutive opioid receptors that are less active, and this conversion is prevented in the brain of animals treated with diazepam.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Tejwani
- Department of Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine and Public Health, 5197 Graves Hall, 333 W. 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1239, USA.
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Lee CL, Sheu MJ, Shie YS, Wu DH, Ho JJ. Ab Initio Calculations on the Structures and Energetics of Li4OH, Li3NaOH, and Li2Na2OH Isomers. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp963978k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chou-Lin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Sec. 4, Tingchow Rd. Taipei, Taiwan 117, ROC
| | - Ming-Jyh Sheu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Sec. 4, Tingchow Rd. Taipei, Taiwan 117, ROC
| | - Yi-Shiau Shie
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Sec. 4, Tingchow Rd. Taipei, Taiwan 117, ROC
| | - Deng-Hwa Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Sec. 4, Tingchow Rd. Taipei, Taiwan 117, ROC
| | - Jia-Jen Ho
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Sec. 4, Tingchow Rd. Taipei, Taiwan 117, ROC
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Sheu MJ, Sribanditmongkol P, Santosa DN, Tejwani GA. Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by diazepam and its relation to cyclic AMP levels in discrete rat brain regions and spinal cord. Brain Res 1995; 675:31-7. [PMID: 7796144 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(95)00036-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Diazepam inhibits morphine tolerance and dependence and reverses a decrease in the met-enkephalin level in brain induced by morphine. In this study, we investigated whether inhibition of morphine-induced tolerance and dependence by diazepam involved a change in cyclic AMP levels in discrete rat brain regions and spinal cord. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were made tolerant and dependent by subcutaneous (s.c.) implantation of six morphine pellets (two pellets on the first day, and four on the second day). Diazepam (0.25 mg/kg b. wt) was injected once daily intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 5 days. Control rats were implanted with placebo pellets and injected once daily with saline or diazepam (i.p.). Tail-flick antinociception was measured 1 h after injections everyday. Animals were administered s.c. naloxone (10 mg/kg) to induce naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome on the final day of the experiment (day 5), and the jumping behavior was observed for 30 min. Concomitant treatment with diazepam (0.25 mg/kg) significantly decreased the development of morphine tolerance and dependence. Diazepam (0.25 mg/kg) treated rats also showed a significant decrease in the jumping behavior compared to animals treated with morphine alone. Rats were sacrificed 2 h after the injection of saline or diazepam (0.25 mg/kg) on the fifth day. Cyclic AMP was estimated by RIA. In the control rats, the concentration of cyclic AMP in cortex was > hippocampus > cerebellum > hypothalamus > striatum > midbrain > pituitary > pons/medulla > spinal cord. There was no change in the concentration of cyclic AMP in any of the brain regions examined from morphine tolerant animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Sheu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus 43210-1239, USA
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Tejwani GA, Sribanditmongkol P, Sheu MJ. Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by diazepam and it's relation to CNS opioid peptides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(94)90508-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sheu MJ, Wang CC, Wang CC, Shi WJ, Chu ML. Rhodotorula septicemia: report of a case. J Formos Med Assoc 1994; 93:645-7. [PMID: 7866069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increased use of central venous catheters in cancer patients, there has been an increase in the recovery of environmental and skin organisms from blood cultures. A red yeast, Rhodotorula, an infrequent cause of infection in humans, was isolated from a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia undergoing bone marrow transplant while he received parenteral nutritional fluids by an indwelling catheter. The patient was clinically ill, as manifested by fever and chills. The patient was treated with amphotericin B and the catheter was removed. He survived the fungemic episode with no recurrence of fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Sheu
- Department of Pediatrics, Min-Shen General Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan R.O.C
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Abstract
The effect of diazepam on the development of morphine tolerance and dependence was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were rendered tolerant and dependent by subcutaneous implantation of six morphine pellets. Diazepam (0.025, 0.25 or 2.5 mg/kg body weight) was once daily injected intraperitoneally into rats starting on the first day of implantation. Antinociception was measured by tail-flick (TF) and hot plate (HP) tests, and the extent of sedation determined by a rotarod test before and one hour after diazepam injections everyday for 5 days. Physical dependence on morphine was assessed by an antagonist-precipitated abstinence syndrome on the fifth day of treatment by injecting naloxone 10 mg/kg subcutaneously. Diazepam (0.025-2.5 mg/kg body weight) did not produce significant antinociception or sedation (sensorimotor impairment) in rats implanted with placebo pellets. Diazepam (0.25 and 2.5 mg/kg) inhibited tolerance to TF antinociception in rats implanted with morphine pellets. Sedation as evidenced by sensorimotor impairment induced by morphine pellet implantation was not influenced by diazepam (0.025-2.5 mg/kg). Diazepam administration (0.25 mg/kg) also decreased the degree of jumping behavior observed following naloxone injection in morphine pellet implanted rats. Serum morphine concentration in morphine-diazepam treated rats was not significantly different from that in morphine-saline treated rats. Finally, a decrease in the Met-enkephalin levels observed in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, cortex and spinal cord of morphine dependent rats was reversed by injecting diazepam along with morphine pellet implantation. These results suggest that diazepam inhibits morphine tolerance and dependence, and also prevents morphine-induced decrease in the CNS Met-enkephalin levels in morphine dependent rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sribanditmongkol
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus
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Tejwani GA, Rattan AK, Sribanditmongkol P, Sheu MJ, Zuniga J, McDonald JS. Inhibition of morphine-induced tolerance and dependence by a benzodiazepine receptor agonist midazolam in the rat. Anesth Analg 1993; 76:1052-60. [PMID: 8484507 DOI: 10.1213/00000539-199305000-00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether midazolam administration influenced morphine-induced antinociception and tolerance and dependence in the rat. Antinociception was assessed by the tail-flick (TF) and the hot-plate test (HP 52 degrees C). Morphine tolerance developed after daily single injections of morphine for 11 days. The effect of midazolam on morphine-induced antinociception and tolerance was assessed by giving daily injections of various doses of midazolam for 11 days. The first injection of saline or midazolam was given intraperitoneally and 30 min later morphine (10 mg/kg body weight) was administered subcutaneously. Antinociception was monitored by measuring TF and HP latencies 60 min after the second injection. Midazolam was injected at four different concentrations: 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 3 mg/kg body weight. Chronic administration of morphine resulted in the development of tolerance to antinociception in both TF and HP tests, with rats exhibiting baseline antinociception on Day 9. Animals treated with midazolam alone showed little antinociception on Days 3-9. However, midazolam administration in morphine-treated animals attenuated morphine-induced tolerance to antinociception on Days 1-11 as measured by the tail-flick test. Midazolam also decreased the jumping behavior following naloxone injections in morphine-dependent rats. These results suggest that midazolam may prolong the effects of morphine by delaying morphine-induced development of tolerance to antinociception. Midazolam also attenuated a decrease in weight gain induced by chronic injections of morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Tejwani
- Department of Pharmacology, Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus 43210-1239
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Abstract
The buoyant density of Escherichia coli was shown to be related to the osmolarity of the growth medium. This was true whether the osmolarity was adjusted with either NaCl or sucrose. When cells were grown at one osmolarity and shocked to another osmolarity, their buoyant density adjusted to nearly suit the new osmolarity. When cells were subjected to hyperosmotic shock, they became denser than expected. When cells were subjected to hypoosmotic shock they occasionally undershot the new projected density, but the undershoot was not as dramatic as the overshoot seen with hyperosmotic shocks. Shrinkage and swelling of the cells in response to osmotic shocks could account for the change in their buoyant density. The changes in cell size after osmotic shocks were measured by two independent methods. The first method measured cell size with a Coulter Counter, and the second method measured cell size by stereologic analysis of Nomarski light micrographs. Both methods gave qualitatively similar results and showed the cells to be flexible. The maximum swelling recorded was 23% of the original cell volume, while the maximum shrinkage observed was 33%.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Baldwin
- Northwest Center for Medical Education, Indiana University School of Medicine, Gary 46408
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Sheu MJ, Baldwin WW, Brunson KW. Cytotoxicity of rabbit macrophage peptides MCP-1 and MCP-2 for mouse tumor cells. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1985; 28:626-9. [PMID: 4091528 PMCID: PMC176345 DOI: 10.1128/aac.28.5.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of cationic peptides MCP-1 and MCP-2 isolated from rabbit alveolar macrophages was tested against two tumor cell lines of murine lymphosarcoma origin, RAW117-P and RAW117-H10, and a normal mouse connective tissue fibroblast strain, ATCC CCL1.RAW117-H10 is a highly malignant metastatic variant derived from the less malignant RAW117-P. Our results indicate that these peptides possess a cytotoxic activity against the tumor cells tested but not against the normal cells tested. At concentrations of 30 micrograms/ml, these peptides completely killed RAW117-H10 cells in suspension cultures, while inhibiting growth of RAW117-P for but a limited period of time, up to 48 h, after which growth resumed. RAW117-P cells were killed by concentrations of 40 micrograms/ml. These peptides showed little cytotoxicity for normal mouse connective tissue fibroblasts at concentrations of 40 micrograms/ml.
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