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Chen Y, Li XY, Chen Z, Ozden A, Huang JE, Ou P, Dong J, Zhang J, Tian C, Lee BH, Wang X, Liu S, Qu Q, Wang S, Xu Y, Miao RK, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Qiu C, Abed J, Liu H, Shin H, Wang D, Li Y, Sinton D, Sargent EH. Efficient multicarbon formation in acidic CO 2 reduction via tandem electrocatalysis. Nat Nanotechnol 2024; 19:311-318. [PMID: 37996517 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01543-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of CO2 in acidic conditions enables high single-pass carbon efficiency. However, the competing hydrogen evolution reaction reduces selectivity in the electrochemical reduction of CO2, a reaction in which the formation of CO, and its ensuing coupling, are each essential to achieving multicarbon (C2+) product formation. These two reactions rely on distinct catalyst properties that are difficult to achieve in a single catalyst. Here we report decoupling the CO2-to-C2+ reaction into two steps, CO2-to-CO and CO-to-C2+, by deploying two distinct catalyst layers operating in tandem to achieve the desired transformation. The first catalyst, atomically dispersed cobalt phthalocyanine, reduces CO2 to CO with high selectivity. This process increases local CO availability to enhance the C-C coupling step implemented on the second catalyst layer, which is a Cu nanocatalyst with a Cu-ionomer interface. The optimized tandem electrodes achieve 61% C2H4 Faradaic efficiency and 82% C2+ Faradaic efficiency at 800 mA cm-2 at 25 °C. When optimized for single-pass utilization, the system reaches a single-pass carbon efficiency of 90 ± 3%, simultaneous with 55 ± 3% C2H4 Faradaic efficiency and a total C2+ Faradaic efficiency of 76 ± 2%, at 800 mA cm-2 with a CO2 flow rate of 2 ml min-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jianan Erick Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juncai Dong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cong Tian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Byoung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shijie Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qingyun Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Sasa Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rui Kai Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chenyue Qiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jehad Abed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hengzhou Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Heejong Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Chen Y, Jiang B, Hao H, Li H, Qiu C, Liang X, Qu Q, Zhang Z, Gao R, Duan D, Ji S, Wang D, Liang M. Atomic-Level Regulation of Cobalt Single-Atom Nanozymes: Engineering High-Efficiency Catalase Mimics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301879. [PMID: 36872618 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes aim to mimic the highly evolved active centers of natural enzymes. Despite progress in nanozyme engineering, their catalytic performance is much less favorable compared with natural enzymes. This study shows that precise control over the atomic configuration of the active centers of Co single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) enables the rational regulation of their catalase-like performance guided by theorical calculations. The constructed Co-N3 PS SAzyme exhibits an excellent catalase-like activity and kinetics, exceeding the representative controls of Co-based SAzymes with different atomic configurations. Moreover, we developed an ordered structure-oriented coordination design strategy for rationally engineering SAzymes and established a correlation between the structure and enzyme-like performance. This work demonstrates that precise control over the active centers of SAzymes is an efficient strategy to mimic the highly evolved active sites of natural enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A4, Canada
| | - Bing Jiang
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Haigang Hao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Haijing Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chenyue Qiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E4, Canada
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qingyun Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zedong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Rui Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Demin Duan
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academic of Science, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shufang Ji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Minmin Liang
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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Chen Y, Jiang B, Hao H, Li H, Qiu C, Liang X, Qu Q, Zhang Z, Gao R, Duan D, Ji S, Wang D, Liang M. Atomic‐Level Regulation of Cobalt Single‐Atom Nanozymes: Engineering High‐Efficiency Catalase Mimics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202301879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Chen
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Bing Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of Materials Science & Engineering CHINA
| | - Haigang Hao
- Inner Mongolia University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Haijing Li
- IHEP CAS: Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility CHINA
| | - Chenyue Qiu
- University of Toronto Department of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiao Liang
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Qingyun Qu
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zedong Zhang
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Rui Gao
- Inner Mongolia University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Demin Duan
- IBPS: Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Shufang Ji
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry Haidian 100084 Beijing CHINA
| | - Minmin Liang
- Beijing Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
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Xu W, Song X, Qu Q, Gong Z, Xiao W. Synergistic effects of L-theanine and epigallocatechin gallate in alleviating ovalbumin allergy by regulating intestinal immunity through inhibition of mast cell degranulation. Food Funct 2023; 14:2059-2073. [PMID: 36727615 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03404b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ovalbumin (OVA), a commonly consumed food protein, can cause severe allergies and intestinal immune disorders. L-Theanine (LTA) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) regulate intestinal immunity. However, it is unclear whether an LTA and EGCG combined intervention can alleviate OVA allergy (OVA-A) by modulating intestinal-specific immunity, and it is unknown whether there is a synergistic effect between LTA and EGCG. Therefore, we treated BALB/c OVA-sensitized mice with LTA, EGCG, or a combination of both (LTA + EGCG) to investigate the effects of LTA and EGCG on intestinal-specific immunity regulation and underlying mechanisms. Female mice were intraperitoneally injected with OVA to establish OVA-sensitive mouse models. MLEO LTA + EGCG (20 mg kg-1 d-1 LTA + 80 mg kg-1 d-1 EGCG) and HLEO (30 mg kg-1 d-1 LTA + 120 mg kg-1 d-1 EGCG) exerted more beneficial effects on alleviating OVA-A (weight gain, allergy score, jejunum structure, mast cell [MC] degranulation, thymus and spleen indices) than LTA or EGCG alone (p < 0.01). Based on the alleviation of OVA-A by LTA + EGCG, we selected MLEO mice for 16S rDNA, flow cytometry, and western blot analyses. The 16S rDNA results showed that MLEO increased the abundance of Lactobacillaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae, and decreased that of Helicobacteraceae (p < 0.01). The flow cytometry and western blotting results indicated that MLEO reduced the number of dendritic cells available to capture OVA, thereby lowering the Th2 immune response and decreasing the IL-4 and IL-13 levels. Meanwhile, the attenuation of the Th2 immune response inhibits the cross-linking of OVA and FcεRI, thus reducing MC degranulation and decreasing the serum HIS and mMCPT-1 levels through the FcεRI/Btk/PLCγ signaling pathway. LTA + EGCG also inhibits the Th2 immune response through the FcεRI/Lyn/Syk/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and decreases the serum IL-4 and IL-13 levels. Notably, LTA + EGCG promotes the Treg and Th1 immune responses and inhibits the Th17 immune response, altering the levels of the corresponding cytokines. Therefore, LTA + EGCG can synergistically alleviate OVA-A by regulating intestinal immunity through MC degranulation inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China. .,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, China.,Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Xianying Song
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China. .,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, China.,Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Qingyun Qu
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China. .,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, China.,Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Zhihua Gong
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China. .,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, China.,Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Wenjun Xiao
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China. .,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, China.,Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
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5
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Chen Y, Gao R, Ji S, Li H, Tang K, Jiang P, Hu H, Zhang Z, Hao H, Qu Q, Liang X, Chen W, Dong J, Wang D, Li Y. Berichtigung: Atomic‐Level Modulation of Electronic Density at Cobalt Single‐Atom Sites Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks: Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Performance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chen Y, Gao R, Ji S, Li H, Tang K, Jiang P, Hu H, Zhang Z, Hao H, Qu Q, Liang X, Chen W, Dong J, Wang D, Li Y. Corrigendum: Atomic‐Level Modulation of Electronic Density at Cobalt Single‐Atom Sites Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks: Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Performance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207879. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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Qu Q, Sun JY, Kan JY, Wang C, Wang RX. [Research progress in the application of artificial intelligence on evaluating the electrocardiogram]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2021; 49:1146-1151. [PMID: 34775727 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20210422-00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - J Y Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - J Y Kan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - R X Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
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Shangguan CF, Jiang M, Yang C, Lou GY, Li YT, Qu Q. Clinical efficacy of palbociclib-based therapy in women with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer in the real-world setting for Chinese women: a comparison with the IRIS study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:6138-6148. [PMID: 34661274 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202110_26892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This retrospective study aimed to explore the clinical efficacy of palbociclib with endocrine therapy (ET) in women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer in real-world practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of patients to determine treatment outcomes. Progression-free survival (PFS) curves were generated using log-rank tests with the Kaplan-Meier method. Treatment outcomes in Chinese patients were compared with those in patients from the USA, Argentina, Canada, and Europe in the IRIS study. RESULTS In total, 69 patients were included in this study. The median PFS was 12.8 months (95% confidence interval: 10.1-15.5). A longer PFS was observed for patients with bone-only metastases, no liver metastases, no previous palliative chemotherapy, no previous palliative ET, and ET sensitivity. The overall response rate was 10.1%, and the clinical benefit rate was 78.3%. Nineteen patients (27.5%) received a reduced dose of palbociclib according to the decision of their physicians. Dose reduction did not affect the clinical efficacy of the combined treatment. Compared with those in the IRIS study, Chinese patients receiving palbociclib-based treatment were younger, and they had fewer bone-only metastases and more visceral and liver metastases. The clinical benefit rate and overall response rate for Chinese patients were lower than those observed for the patients in the IRIS study. CONCLUSIONS ET combined with palbociclib treatment was effective and well-tolerated in HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients in the real-world setting. Earlier use of palbociclib-ET was associated with more clinical benefits in HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-F Shangguan
- Department of Oncology, Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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Qu Q, Ji S, Chen Y, Wang D, Li Y. The atomic-level regulation of single-atom site catalysts for the electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4201-4215. [PMID: 34168747 PMCID: PMC8179652 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc07040h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is viewed as a promising way to remove the greenhouse gas CO2 from the atmosphere and convert it into useful industrial products such as methane, methanol, formate, ethanol, and so forth. Single-atom site catalysts (SACs) featuring maximum theoretical atom utilization and a unique electronic structure and coordination environment have emerged as promising candidates for use in the CO2RR. The electronic properties and atomic structures of the central metal sites in SACs will be changed significantly once the types or coordination environments of the central metal sites are altered, which appears to provide new routes for engineering SACs for CO2 electrocatalysis. Therefore, it is of great importance to discuss the structural regulation of SACs at the atomic level and their influence on CO2RR activity and selectivity. Despite substantial efforts being made to fabricate various SACs, the principles of regulating the intrinsic electrocatalytic performances of the single-atom sites still needs to be sufficiently emphasized. In this perspective article, we present the latest progress relating to the synthesis and catalytic performance of SACs for the electrochemical CO2RR. We summarize the atomic-level regulation of SACs for the electrochemical CO2RR from five aspects: the regulation of the central metal atoms, the coordination environments, the interface of single metal complex sites, multi-atom active sites, and other ingenious strategies to improve the performance of SACs. We highlight synthesis strategies and structural design approaches for SACs with unique geometric structures and discuss how the structure affects the catalytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Shufang Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yuanjun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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Lv S, Qu Q. Mechanism of Propolis Affecting Oral Flora Structure and Immune Microenvironment of Oral Mucositis in Patients with Leukemia Undergoing Chemotherapy. Indian J Pharm Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.spl.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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11
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Chen Y, Gao R, Ji S, Li H, Tang K, Jiang P, Hu H, Zhang Z, Hao H, Qu Q, Liang X, Chen W, Dong J, Wang D, Li Y. Atomic‐Level Modulation of Electronic Density at Cobalt Single‐Atom Sites Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks: Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Performance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Chen
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Rui Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 China
| | - Shufang Ji
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Haijing Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Kun Tang
- School of Physics and Materials Science Anhui University Hefei 230601 China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Haibo Hu
- School of Physics and Materials Science Anhui University Hefei 230601 China
| | - Zedong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Haigang Hao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 China
| | - Qingyun Qu
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Materials and Green Applications School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Juncai Dong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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Chen Y, Gao R, Ji S, Li H, Tang K, Jiang P, Hu H, Zhang Z, Hao H, Qu Q, Liang X, Chen W, Dong J, Wang D, Li Y. Atomic‐Level Modulation of Electronic Density at Cobalt Single‐Atom Sites Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks: Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Performance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:3212-3221. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Chen
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Rui Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 China
| | - Shufang Ji
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Haijing Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Kun Tang
- School of Physics and Materials Science Anhui University Hefei 230601 China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Haibo Hu
- School of Physics and Materials Science Anhui University Hefei 230601 China
| | - Zedong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Haigang Hao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 China
| | - Qingyun Qu
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Materials and Green Applications School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Juncai Dong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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Hui M, Xu Y, Zhang N, He XD, Qu Q. [Clinical characteristics of abdominal solitary fibrous tumor: an analysis of 18 cases]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:1439-1442. [PMID: 29804409 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.18.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the clinical manifestations, pathological features, diagnosis, and treatment of abdominal solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). Methods: The data of clinical manifestations, pathological features, diagnosis, and treatment of 18 patients with abdominal SFT admitted to Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2000 and December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Abdominal mass was first presented in 14 patients. The blood routine, liver, kidney, and coagulation function were normal in all the patients. Tumor markers were abnormal in 4 cases. Most SFT showed hypoechoic mass with regular shape under ultrasound. CT findings differed among the cases. All the 18 patients underwent surgical treatment, and the diagnosis was proved by the postoperative histopathology. SFT differed in general morphology. The positive rate of Ki-67, smooth muscle actin (SMA), CD34, and S-100 was high under immunohistochemistry. Conclusions: Early diagnosis of abdominal SFT is difficult, leading to a low preoperative diagnosis rate. Complete removal of the tumor is the only reliable method of radical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hui
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
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15
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Li F, Du X, Zhang H, Ju T, Chen C, Qu Q, Zhang X, Qi L, Lizée G. Next-generation sequencing of Chinese stage IV lung cancer patients reveals an association between EGFR mutation status and survival outcome. Clin Genet 2016; 91:488-493. [PMID: 27221040 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale genomic characterization of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has revealed several putative oncogenic driver mutations that may constitute druggable therapeutic targets. However, there are little data to suggest that such gene alterations have clinical relevance. Over 12 consecutive months, tumor biopsy samples from 80 patients with stage IV NSCLC were analyzed for mutations in selected exons of 508 cancer-related genes using next-generation sequencing. From 85 specimens referred for genomic characterization, 80 (94%) specimens were successfully genotyped, and all had identifiable somatic alterations. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and TP53 genes contained the highest frequency of observed mutations (65% and 40%, respectively) in the stage IV NSCLC cases. Notably, patients with EGFR mutations showed a significantly shorter survival time compared with patients expressing wild-type EGFR (p = 0.0053). Moreover, of the 32 patients harboring EGFR mutations, EGFR-L858R mutant patients showed a significantly shorter survival time compared with patients with other EGFR mutations (p = 0.036). In conclusion, tumors from stage IV NSCLC patients harbor characteristic gene alterations, of which EGFR L858R in particular appears to be a poor prognostic factor for overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Li
- Department of Gynecology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Oncology Research, Tianjin HengJia Biotechnology Development Co, Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - X Du
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment Center, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - T Ju
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - C Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Q Qu
- Department of Gynecology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L Qi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G Lizée
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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16
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Zhang L, Li Y, Qu Q, Wen K. Myxoid leiomyosarcoma of the uterus: a case report and review of the literature. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2016; 37:870-872. [PMID: 29943940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A para 1, 52-year-old female was admitted with complaints of irregular vaginal bleeding for the previous six months. Ultrasonography revealed a 4x6-cm tumor extending into the uterine cavity and cervical canal. On vaginal examination, a 2x2-cm tumor protruding from the cervical os was found, and an enlarged uterus was palpated. Vaginal intrauterine tumor resection was performed, and the patient was diagnosed with uterine myxoid leiomyosarcoma. A total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, followed by postoperative chemotherapy. Twenty-one months after surgery, the patient died of tumor recurrence. Uterine myxoid leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare variant of uterine sarcoma with a poor prognosis and malignant biological behavior.
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17
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Huang JY, Yang JF, Qu Q, Qu J, Liu F, Liu FE, Xiong T, Lu SH. DNA repair gene XRCC3 variants are associated with susceptibility to glioma in a Chinese population. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:10569-75. [PMID: 26400288 DOI: 10.4238/2015.september.8.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The susceptibility to glioma is not well understood. It has been suggested that the X-ray cross complementing group 3 (XRCC3) gene influences the capacity to repair DNA damage, leading to increased glioma susceptibility. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between XRCC3 mutations and glioma risk. Genotypes were assessed in 389 Chinese glioma patients and 358 healthy controls. XRCC3 Thr241Met (rs861539) and 2 additional polymorphisms, rs3212112 (c.774+19T>G) and rs1799796 (c.562-14A>G), were directly sequenced. The frequency of the rs861539 T allele was significantly lower in the glioma group than in healthy controls [11.1 vs 17.7%, odds ratio = 0.62 (0.48-0.80), P < 0.001]; the frequencies of the CT or CT+TT genotypes differed between groups (18.5 vs 31%, 20.3 vs 33.2%, respectively). The frequency of the rs3212112 G allele was significantly higher in the glioma group than in healthy controls [15.8 vs 5.3%, odds ratio = 2.94 (2.07-4.17), P < 0.001]. The frequencies of the GT or TG+GG genotypes differed between groups (25.4 vs 7.8%, 28.5 vs 9.2%, respectively). This study demonstrates that the rs861539 and rs3212112 polymorphisms in the XRCC3 gene may influence the risk of glioma development in Chinese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Huang
- Operation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - J F Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Q Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - J Qu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - F Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - F E Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - T Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - S H Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Zhao S, Qingmin C, Fu M, Yang X, Qu Q, Dai H. The inhibition of exogenous ethylene generated by solid ethylene-releasing agents on sprouting of potato tubers in relation to carbohydrate metabolism. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2013.0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Zhao
- College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Ji'nan, China P.R
| | - C. Qingmin
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering College, Ji'nan, China P.R
| | - M. Fu
- College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Ji'nan, China P.R
| | - X. Yang
- College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Ji'nan, China P.R
| | - Q. Qu
- College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Ji'nan, China P.R
| | - H. Dai
- College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Ji'nan, China P.R
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Mao Y, Qu Q, Wu J, Chen X, Huang O, Shen K. P222 Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes predict prognosis in early breast cancer. Breast 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(15)70254-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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20
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Chen Q, Fu M, Qu Q, Dai H, Zhao S. Effect of blanching pre-treatment on antioxidant activities and involved compounds in fresh daylily (Hemerocallis fulva L.) flowers. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2013.0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q. Chen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering College, 866 Nongganyuan Road, Ji'nan, China P.R
| | - M. Fu
- College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, 3501 Daxue Road, Ji'nan, China P.R
| | - Q. Qu
- College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, 3501 Daxue Road, Ji'nan, China P.R
| | - H. Dai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering College, 866 Nongganyuan Road, Ji'nan, China P.R
| | - S. Zhao
- College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, 3501 Daxue Road, Ji'nan, China P.R
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Sun X, Mao Y, Wang J, Zu L, Hao M, Cheng G, Qu Q, Cui D, Keller ET, Chen X, Shen K, Wang J. IL-6 secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts induces tamoxifen resistance in luminal breast cancer. Oncogene 2014:onc2014158. [PMID: 24909173 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been implicated in the development of resistance to anticancer drugs; however, the role and mechanism underlying CAFs in luminal breast cancer (BrCA) tamoxifen resistance are unclear. We found that stromal fibroblasts isolated from the central or peripheral area of BrCA have similar CAF phenotype and activity. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that CAFs derived from clinical-luminal BrCAs induce tamoxifen resistance through decreasing estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) level when cultured with luminal BrCA cell lines MCF7 and T47D. CAFs promoted tamoxifen resistance through interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, which activates Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT3) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways in tumor cells, followed by induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and upregulation of E3 ubiquitin ligase anaphase-promoting complex 10 activity, which targeted ER-α degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Inhibition of proteasome activity, IL-6 activity or either the JAK/STAT3 or PI3K/AKT pathways markedly reduced CAF-induced tamoxifen resistance. In xenograft experiments of CAFs mixed with MCF7 cells, CAF-specific IL-6 knockdown inhibited tumorigenesis and restored tamoxifen sensitivity. These findings indicate that CAFs mediate tamoxifen resistance through IL-6-induced degradation of ER-α in luminal BrCAs.Oncogene advance online publication, 9 June 2014; doi:10.1038/onc.2014.158.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Mao
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Zu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - M Hao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Qu
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - D Cui
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E T Keller
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - X Chen
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - K Shen
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - J Wang
- 1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China [2] Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
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22
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Qu Q, Mao Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Chen X, Shen K. USP2 Promotes Progression in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu066.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Mao Y, Qu Q, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang G, Liang Y, Shen K. The Prognosis of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Expression On Breast Cancer Survival: a Meta-Analysis and Retrospective Study. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu066.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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24
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Zhou L, Rui JA, Wang SB, Chen SG, Qu Q. Prognostic factors of solitary large hepatocellular carcinoma: The importance of differentiation grade. Eur J Surg Oncol 2011; 37:521-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2011.03.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Zhang C, Su Z, Zhao B, Qu Q, Tan Y, Cai L, Li X. Tat-modified leptin is more accessible to hypothalamus through brain-blood barrier with a significant inhibition of body-weight gain in high-fat-diet fed mice. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2009; 118:31-7. [PMID: 19472101 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1202273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity in human was found mainly due to the poor transportation of leptin through brain-blood barrier (BBB), called as leptin resistance. To produce a leptin capable of penetrating BBB, we have added Tat-PTD(9) to the C terminal of leptin to construct a fusion protein. The fusion Tat-leptin and native leptin genes were synthesized by single-step insertion of a polymerase chain reaction and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (Rosseta). The expressing products were purified and renatured by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography, and identified by the molecular size in SDS-PAGE gel and by its immunoreactivity to specific antibody with Western-blotting assay. To bio-functionally evaluate the fusion protein, Balb/c mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD) were given Tat-leptin, leptin or saline for 19 days. The immunohistochemical staining showed the increases in positive stains for the leptin in the region of hypothalamus of the HFD mice with either Tat-leptin or leptin as compared to saline group, but the staining intensity and frequency in the group with Tat-leptin were stronger and higher than those in the group with leptin. Furthermore, the most efficiency in preventing the body-weight gain caused by HFD was found in Tat-leptin group among these three groups. These results suggest that Tat-modified leptin may become a great potential candidate for the prevention or therapy of obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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26
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Hu Y, Zhou Z, Xue X, Li X, Fu J, Cohen B, Melikian AA, Desai M, Tang MS, Huang X, Roy N, Sun J, Nan P, Qu Q. Sensitive biomarker of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): urinary 1-hydroxyprene glucuronide in relation to smoking and low ambient levels of exposure. Biomarkers 2008; 11:306-18. [PMID: 16908438 DOI: 10.1080/13547500600626883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted in a Chinese population with occupational or environmental exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A total of 106 subjects were recruited from coke-oven workers (workers), residents in a metropolitan area (residents) and suburban gardeners (gardeners). All subjects were monitored twice for their personal exposures to PAHs. The biological samples were collected for measurements of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and cotinine in urine. The geometric means of personal exposure levels of pyrene, benz(a)anthracene (BaA) and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) in workers were 1.470, 0.978 and 0.805 microg m-3, respectively. The corresponding levels in residents were 0.050, 0.034 and 0.025 microg m-3; and those in gardeners were 0.011, 0.020 and 0.008 microg m-3, respectively. The conjugate of 1-OHP with glucuronide (1-OHP-G) is the predominant form of pyrene metabolite in urine and it showed strong associations with exposures not only to pyrene, but also to BaA, BaP and total PAHs. Most importantly, a significant difference in 1-OHP-G was even detected between the subgroups with exposures to BaP at < 0.010 and > 0.010 but < 0.020 microg m-3, suggesting that 1-OHP-G is a good marker that can be used for the risk assessment of BaP exposure at levels currently encountered in ambient air. Furthermore, multiple regression analyses of 1-OHP-G on PAHs exposure indicated that cigarette smoke was a major confounding factor and should be considered and adjusted for while using 1-OHP to estimate PAHs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hu
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
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27
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Zhou L, Rui JA, Wang SB, Chen SG, Qu Q, Chi TY, Wei X, Han K, Zhang N, Zhao HT. Clinicopathological features, post-surgical survival and prognostic indicators of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2006; 32:767-72. [PMID: 16725304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2006.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2005] [Accepted: 03/15/2006] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Comprehensive data regarding elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were limited. The present study aims to widen the knowledge based on patients in China. METHODS Fifty-four elderly (> or =65 years) and 125 non-elderly HCC patients undergoing hepatectomy were enrolled in this retrospective study. Clinicopathological features and post-surgical survival were compared between two groups. Prognostic indicators of elderly patients were defined by uni- and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Contrast to non-elderly patients, the elderly presented significantly lower rates of HBsAg positivity, Child-Pugh grade A, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) marked elevation, portal vein tumour thrombosis (PVTT), satellite nodule, and intrahepatic recurrence, smaller tumour sizes, earlier TNM staging and better histological differentiation. No significant differences were found in perioperative mortality rate and post-surgical survival between two groups. PVTT and Edmondson-Steiner grading were identified as independent prognostic indicators of both overall and disease-free survival by multivariate analysis, whereas Child-Pugh grading independently affected the overall survival. CONCLUSIONS HCC in the elderly seemed to be less HBV-associated, less progressive and less aggressive than that in the non-elderly. Hepatectomy for the elderly could make a satisfactory prognosis and be well tolerated. Some tumour-related factors independently predict the prognosis of elderly HCC patients, and their liver function status should be further valued.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100032, China.
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Hao C, Chen Z, Qu Q. ABR-018 Associated research between polycystic ovarian syndrome and the pentanucleotide (TTTTA)n microsatellite polymorphism in the CYP11a gene promoter. Reprod Biomed Online 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Liu XY, Hao C, Qu Q, Sun L. AL-002 Effect of the different exposure times of oocytes to spermatozoa on IVF and embryo transfer outcome. Reprod Biomed Online 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Abstract
Bone remodeling involves old bone resorption by osteoclasts and new bone formation by osteoblasts. However, the precise cellular mechanisms underlying these consecutive events remain obscure. To address this question in vitro, we have established a cell culture model in which the resorption lacunae are first created by osteoclasts and osteoblast-like cells accomplish the subsequent bone formation. We isolated osteoclasts from rat bone marrow and cultured them on bovine bone slices for 48 hours to create resorption lacunae. After removing osteoclasts, confluent differentiated primary osteoblast cultures were trypsinized and the cells were replaced on the resorbed bone slices for up to 14 days. The cultures were then examined by confocal microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Our data suggest that after osteoclastic bone resorption, osteoblast-like cells, not macrophages, remove the remaining organic matrix in the lacuna. After cleaning the lacuna, osteoblast-like cells deposit new collagen fibrils at the bottom of the lacuna and calcify the newly formed matrix only, as visualized by labeled tetracycline accumulation merely in the lacuna during the osteoblast culture. Furthermore, an electron-dense layer rich in osteopontin separates the old and new matrices suggesting formation of the cement line. Since the morphology of the newly formed matrix is similar to the natural bone with respect to the cement line and osteoid formation as well as matrix mineralization, the present method provides for the first time a powerful in vitro method to study the cellular mechanisms leading to bone remodeling also in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T K Mulari
- Department of Anatomy and MediCity Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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31
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Chai J, Jiao W, Osman I, Qu Q, Wang H. [A survey of Echinococcus granulosus infection in Camelus bactrianus in north Xinjiang]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2002; 16:193-6. [PMID: 12078240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the situation and characteristics of Echinococcus granulosus infection in camels (Camelus bacterianus) in our country. METHODS The camels slaughtered in abattoir were examined for visceral infection of larval cestode of Echinococcus. The number and diameter of cysts were recorded and the content of cysts were examined microscopically to detect the protoscoleces. RESULTS 185 out of 375 camels were positive, the infection rate was 49.3%. The metacestodes parasitized mainly in the liver and lung, the ratio between liver and lung involved was 1:0.64. The fertile cyst rate was 39.2%, the fertile cyst-carrying rate of camels was 34.8%, the cyst index was 7.53. The cyst wall was relatively thin and the cysts located singly on the surface of liver. There was no daughter cyst seen in fertile cysts. The average diameter of fertile cysts was 5.6 +/- 2.65 cm in liver and 4.83 +/- 2.03 cm in lung. The percentage of animals harboring calcified cysts was 64.3%. CONCLUSION The infection rate of metacestodes of Echinococcus granulosus in Bactrian camel was very high in north Xinjiang and the characteristics of infection differ in some aspects from the local sheep and cattle and from dromedaries in Africa as well. Further study is needed to elucidate the significance of the infection of E. granulosus in Bactrian camels.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chai
- National Hydatid Disease Centre of China, Xinjiang Institute for Endemic Diseases Control and Research, Urumqi 830002
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32
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Qu Q, Wei L, Satoh H, Kumamaru T, Ogawa M, Takaiwa F. Inheritance of alleles for glutelin alpha-2 subunit genes in rice and identification of their corresponding cDNA clone. Theor Appl Genet 2002; 105:1099-1108. [PMID: 12582887 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-002-1046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2001] [Accepted: 01/07/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Rice glutelins consist of acidic (alpha) and basic (beta) subunits which are further separated into three polypeptide components assigned as alpha-1, alpha-2, and alpha-3 subunit components and beta-1, beta-2 and beta-3 subunit components. Nine rice mutant lines with a decreased amount of the glutelin alpha-2 subunit component (alpha-2L) were obtained by screening about 6,800 potential mutant lines derived from the fertilized egg treatment with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) using the SDS-PAGE method. The mutants were classified into three types of the increased alpha-1 subunit (alpha-1H/alpha-2L), the decreased beta-2 subunit (beta-2L/alpha-2L) and the increased alpha-3 subunit (alpha-3H/alpha-2L) represented by EM278, CM1707 and EM659, respectively. Iso-electric focus (IEF) analysis revealed that all of the mutants had an extremely low amount of a polypeptide with a 6.71 pI value, whereas a polypeptide with either a 6.50 pI value or with a 6.90 pI value increased significantly in alpha-1H/alpha-2L mutants or in alpha-3H/alpha-2L mutants, respectively. The beta-2L/alpha-2L mutants had a decreased amount of a basic polypeptide with a 8.74 pI value. Genetic analysis revealed that the three types of mutants were controlled by a single incomplete dominant gene respectively, and the three are alleles. The gene was temporarily named glu4, which was found to be located on chromosome 1 linked with the eg and spl6 genes. Two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis revealed that the glu4 encoded polypeptides of pI 6.71/alpha-2 and pI 8.74/beta-2. Amino acid sequence analysis suggested that the mutated acidic polypeptide was the product of a GluA subfamily gene. Northern and RT-PCR analyses revealed that glu4 corresponded to the GluA-1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q. Qu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,
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Zhang T, Qu Q, Xue Y, Wu Z, Song G, Cai S. [Investigation on the mechanics of adhesion to the selective extracellular matrix coated surfaces of lung cancer cells]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2001; 18:320-2, 333. [PMID: 11450565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The adhesion properties of tumor cells with extracellular matrix(ECM) are closely associated with their invasion and metastasis. Our work reported here was intended reveal the relevant biomechanical and biorheological manifestations of human lung cancer. Using micropipette aspiration technique, we investigated quantitatively the adhesive mechanics properties of high metastatic human giant cell carcinoma(PG) cells as well as low metastatic adenocarcinoma(PAa) cells of lung based on cell culture in vitro. The results showed that the adhesion forces of PAa and PG cells to collagen IV were significantly higher than those to glass surfaces, but at the lower concentrations(1.00 microgram/ml and 2.00 micrograms/ml) of collagen IV, the amplitude for the increase of adhesion forces of PG cells were less than the amplitude for that of PAa cells, and most of the adhesion force values of PAa cells to the coated surfaces of incorporation of laminin along with 2 micrograms/ml collagen IV were significantly greater than those of PG cells. At the lower concentrations(0.625 microgram/ml for PAa cells, and 0.625 microgram/ml, 1.25 micrograms/ml for PG cells) of laminin tested, the adhesion force values of PAa and PG cells all decreased, but the amplitude and level for the decreased values of adhesion forces of PG cells were greater than those for the PAa cells. In conclusion, the adhesive and proteolytic behaviour of cancer cells to extracellular matrix might be mediated mainly by tumor cell membrane receptors such as integrin receptors and laminin receptors, it might affect the biological characteristics and the metastasis of the tumor cells. The results may benefit to explain some questions in biomechanical views about how the highly metastatic PG cells are prone to migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zhang
- Second Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010
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Sharom FJ, Liu R, Qu Q, Romsicki Y. Exploring the structure and function of the P-glycoprotein multidrug transporter using fluorescence spectroscopic tools. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2001; 12:257-65. [PMID: 11428918 DOI: 10.1006/scdb.2000.0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein is an ABC protein that functions as an efflux pump for multiple drugs, natural products and peptides. It is proposed to operate as a hydrophobic vacuum cleaner, expelling non-polar compounds from the membrane bilayer to the exterior, driven by the energy of ATP hydrolysis. The nucleotide-binding domains of P-glycoprotein appear to operate by an alternating sites mechanism to power drug transport. In recent years, purification and functional reconstitution of the protein has allowed the application of fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. This approach has led to insights into the structural architecture of the P-glycoprotein molecule, and a more detailed understanding of the way in which it interacts with nucleotides and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Sharom
- Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph ON, Canada N1G 2W1.
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Qu Q, Sharom FJ. FRET analysis indicates that the two ATPase active sites of the P-glycoprotein multidrug transporter are closely associated. Biochemistry 2001; 40:1413-22. [PMID: 11170469 DOI: 10.1021/bi002035h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Members of the ABC superfamily carry out the transport of various molecules and ions across cellular membranes, powered by ATP hydrolysis. Substantial evidence indicates that the two catalytic sites of the nucleotide binding domains function in a highly cooperative, alternating sites mode, which suggests the possibility that they interact with each other physically. In this study, fluorescence energy transfer experiments were used to estimate the distance between two fluors, each covalently linked to a highly conserved Cys residue (Cys428 and Cys1071) within the Walker A motif of the catalytic site. The vanadate.ADP.Mg(2+) complex was trapped in one catalytic site of membrane-bound or highly purified P-glycoprotein, and the other site was labeled with MIANS [2-(4'-maleimidylanilino)naphthalene-6-sulfonic acid]. Following loss of the trapped vanadate complex, the newly vacant site was then labeled with NBD-Cl (7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole). The fluorescence properties of the singly labeled P-glycoproteins showed that no energy transfer occurred between MIANS (the donor) and NBD (the acceptor) when they were simply mixed together. On the other hand, the fluorescence emission of the MIANS group in doubly labeled P-glycoprotein was highly quenched as a result of energy transfer to NBD, leading to an estimate of a donor-acceptor separation distance of approximately 16 A for P-glycoprotein labeled in the native plasma membrane and approximately 22 A for P-glycoprotein labeled in detergent solution. The separation of the two fluorophores is compatible with the recently reported crystal structure of the Rad50cd dimer, but not with that of the HisP dimer. These results suggest that the two catalytic sites of the P-glycoprotein nucleotide binding domains are relatively close together, which would facilitate cooperation between them during the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Qu
- Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
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Zhang T, Xue Y, Qu Q, Wu Z, Cai S, Song G. [The effect of vinblastine on the viscoelastic properties of lung cancer cells]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi 2000; 3:272-5. [PMID: 20955675 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2000.04.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the effect of vinblastine on the viscoelastic properties of highmetastatic human giant cell carcinoma cells ( PC) and low metastatic adenocarcinoma cells (PAa) of the lung and its biomechanical mechanisms. METHODS The viscoelastic properties of PG and PAa cells and their changes after treated with vinblastine (VCR, 0. 10-2. 00Lg/ml) were detected by micropipette aspiration technique. Viscoelasticity was analyzed by the special three-element standard linear solid model. RESULTS Before treated with VCR, the elastic coefficients K1 and K2 as well as viscous coefficient L of PAa were significantly higher than those of PG cells. The values of K1, K2 and L of PAa cells decreased along with the increase of VCR concentration. However, the viscoelastic coefficient values in PG cells decreased when the VCR concentration was lower than 1. 00Lg/ml and then turned to increase as concentration of VCR went on increasing. The microtubules and microfilaments were sparse random in the PAa cells and diminished in PG cells. After treated with VCR, they were cut down seriously in PAa cells, and manifestations of mitotic arrest of cell cycle increased unusually in PG cells. CONCLUSIONS The cytoskeleton structure component changes are related to the viscoelasticity of the tumor cells. The anti-neoplasm actions of cytoskeleton interferents such as VCR might be realized by mainly regulating the message of tumor cells growth and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Hospital, Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400010, P . R. China
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Qu Q, Melikian AA, Li G, Shore R, Chen L, Cohen B, Yin S, Kagan MR, Li H, Meng M, Jin X, Winnik W, Li Y, Mu R, Li K. Validation of biomarkers in humans exposed to benzene: urine metabolites. Am J Ind Med 2000; 37:522-31. [PMID: 10723046 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(200005)37:5<522::aid-ajim8>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was conducted among Chinese workers employed in glue- and shoe-making factories who had an average daily personal benzene exposure of 31+/-26 ppm (mean+/-SD). The metabolites monitored were S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA), trans, trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA), hydroquinone (HQ), catechol (CAT), 1,2, 4-trihydroxybenzene (benzene triol, BT), and phenol. METHODS S-PMA, t,t-MA, HQ, CAT, and BT were quantified by HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. Phenol was measured by GC-MS. RESULTS Levels of benzene metabolites (except BT) measured in urine samples collected from exposed workers at the end of workshift were significantly higher than those measured in unexposed subjects (P < 0.0001). The large increases in urinary metabolites from before to after work strongly correlated with benzene exposure. Concentrations of these metabolites in urine samples collected from exposed workers before work were also significantly higher than those from unexposed subjects. The half-lives of S-PMA, t,t-MA, HQ, CAT, and phenol were estimated from a time course study to be 12.8, 13.7, 12.7, 15.0, and 16.3 h, respectively. CONCLUSIONS All metabolites, except BT, are good markers for benzene exposure at the observed levels; however, due to their high background, HQ, CAT, and phenol may not distinguish unexposed subjects from workers exposed to benzene at low ambient levels. S-PMA and t,t-MA are the most sensitive markers for low level benzene exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Qu
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA.
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Mi R, Wang H, Qu Q. [The inhibitory effect of bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide/RNA on the growth of cervical carcinoma in vitro]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2000; 35:105-8. [PMID: 11809111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the therapeutic effect of bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN)/RNA human cervical carcinoma in vitro. METHODS To transfect bcl-2 antisense ODN/RNA into Hela cells with antisense technology and observe the growth and apoptotic modulation of Hela cells. RESULTS The expression of bcl-2 protein and mRNA was higher in Hela cells; the bcl-2 specific antisense ODN significantly decreased bcl-2 protein expression and inhibit the growth of Hela cells. The strongest inhibitory effect was at 24 hours after transfection, the optimal concentration of antisense ODN was 10 micromol/L. The results indicated that the inhibitory effect of bcl-2 antisense ODN on cell growth and survival rate is dose dependent; the recombinant retroviral vector pDOR-AB can transfer antisense bcl-2 gene into the genome of Hela cells, bcl-2 protein and mRNA expressions were significantly decreased after transfected, it demonstrated bcl-2 antisense RNA can significantly inhibit the growth of Hela cells and induce their apoptosis. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate the feasibility of bcl-2 gene as a target for antisense gene therapy of human cervical carcinoma and provide the theoretical foundation and experimental evidence for further study in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
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Qu Q, Zheng H, Dahllund J, Laine A, Cockcroft N, Peng Z, Koskinen M, Hemminki K, Kangas L, Väänänen K, Härkönen P. Selective estrogenic effects of a novel triphenylethylene compound, FC1271a, on bone, cholesterol level, and reproductive tissues in intact and ovariectomized rats. Endocrinology 2000; 141:809-20. [PMID: 10650964 DOI: 10.1210/endo.141.2.7342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
FC1271a is a novel triphenylethylene compound with a tissue-selective profile of estrogen agonistic and weak antagonistic effects. It specifically binds to the estrogen receptor alpha and beta with affinity closely similar to that of toremifene and tamoxifen. To study the in vivo effects of the compound, 4-month-old rats were sham operated (sham) or ovariectomized (OVX) and treated daily for 4 weeks with various doses of FC1271a or vehicle (orally). FC1271a was able to oppose OVX-induced bone loss by maintaining the trabecular bone volume of the distal femur. Accordingly, the OVX-induced loss of bone strength was prevented at doses of 1 and 10 mg/kg. FC1271a also prevented the OVX-induced increase in serum cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner. No significant changes in uterine wet weight or morphology were observed in the OVX-rats treated with 0.1 or 1 mg/kg FC1271a, but at a dose of 10 mg/kg it had a slightly estrogenic effect. In immature rats the effect of FC1271a on uterine wet weight was less stimulatory than that of toremifene or tamoxifen, but more stimulatory than that of raloxifene or droloxifene. The appearance of the dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors was inhibited by treatment of DMBA-treated rats with FC1271a in a dose-dependent manner. In human MCF-7 breast cancer cell tumors raised in nude mice in the presence of estrogen, the growth and expression of pS2 marker gene could not be maintained after estrogen withdrawal by treatment with FC1271a. No formation of DNA adducts was observed in the liver of the FC1271a-treated rats. In conclusion, the bone-sparing, antitumor, and cholesterol-lowering effects of FC1271a combined with a low uterotropic activity and lack of liver toxicity indicate that FC1271a could be an important alternative in planning antiosteoporosis therapy for estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Qu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Anatomy, University of Turku, Finland
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Abstract
The increase of bone resorption and reduction of bone mass in postmenopausal women can be prevented by treatment with estrogen. Although it is well established that estrogen treatment normalizes the increased bone turnover, the mechanism by which estrogen exerts its protective influence at the cellular and molecular level in bone remains elusive. It has been shown that osteoblasts are involved in osteoclast development and osteoclastic bone resorption. In this work we examine the effect of estrogen (E2) on osteoclast-mediated bone resorption via the medium conditioned by osteoblast cultures. The conditioned medium collected from osteoblast cultures without (CM) or with 0.1 nmol/L 17beta-estradiol (E-CM) was mixed in a 1:1 ratio with fresh osteoclast culture medium. Osteoclasts were isolated from the bone marrow of 3-day-old NMRI mice and cultured on bovine bone slices. The total number of multinucleated tartrate-resistant alkaline phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells in cultures with CM and E-CM was similar to that of cells incubated in control medium. However, the number of osteoclasts containing more than three nuclei was significantly smaller in the cultures containing E-CM. The total area of resorption was only slightly decreased in cultures containing CM, but was markedly inhibited in cultures with E-CM. In osteoblast cultures, the production of interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6, but not of TNF-alpha, was reduced by 0.1 nmol/L E2. Our data suggest that E2 treatment of osteoblasts decreases the production of factor(s) that induces osteoclast differentiation to multinucleated cells with a higher capacity for bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Qu
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Finland.
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Qu Q, Härkönen PL, Väänänen HK. Comparative effects of estrogen and antiestrogens on differentiation of osteoblasts in mouse bone marrow culture. J Cell Biochem 1999; 73:500-7. [PMID: 10733344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Estrogens as well as some antiestrogens have been shown to prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women. These compounds seem to inhibit bone resorption, but their anabolic effects have been less explored. In this study, bone marrow cultures were used to compare the effect of 17beta-estradiol (E2), and two triphenylethylene derivatives, tamoxifen (TAM), and FC1271a, and a benzothiophene derivative raloxifene (RAL) on differentiation of osteoblasts. All enhanced osteoblastic differentiation of 21-day cultures as indicated by increased mineralization and bone nodule formation. All, except RAL, stimulated cell proliferation during the first 6 days of the culture. However, in the presence of RAL the content of total protein was increased in 13-day cultures. SDS-PAGE and autoradiography of [14C]-proline labeled proteins revealed elevated level of the newly synthesized collagen type I. The pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 abolished the increase of the specific activity of alkaline phosphatase by E2, TAM, and FC1271a but not the effect of RAL on protein synthesis. Our results show that E2 as well as TAM, FC1271a, and RAL stimulate bone formation in vitro but the mechanism of the anabolic action of RAL in bone clearly differs from that of E2, TAM, and FC1271a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Qu
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Finland.
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Qu Q, Zhao M, Gu G. [ICAM-1 and HLA-DR expression in bronchial epithelial cells from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 1998; 21:411-4. [PMID: 11326880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the expression of adhesion molecules in epithelial cells from patients with COPD. METHOD The expression of ICAM-1 and HLA-DR in airway epithelial cells from 10 COPD patients, 7 asthmatic patients, 9 chronic bronchitis patients, and 10 healthy volunteers was evaluated using immunohistochemistry techniques. The cells were stained and analysed microscopically. RESULT The percentage of neutrophils in brushing cells from COPD(0.04) were significantly higher than those from asthma(0.01) and normal subjects (0.01). More goblet cells were found in COPD (mean 0.13) and chronic bronchitis (mean 0.11) as compared with asthma (0.03) and healthy volunteers. As to the expression of ICAM-1 in COPD, the percentage of cells expressing ICAM-1(15%) significantly increased in comparison with chronic bronchitis (6.28% P < 0.05), healthy volunteer(1.8%, P < 0.05), and asthma (8.8%, P > 0.05). The score of expression of ICAM-1 in COPD was significantly higher than those in asthma (P < 0.05), chronic bronchitis (P < 0.05) and normal subjects (P < 0.001). As to the expression of HLA-DR in COPD, the percentage of cells expressing HLA-DR(5.9%) significantly increased in comparison with normal subjects (0.6% P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference among COPD, asthma and chronic bronchitis. The score of expression of HLA-DR in COPD was significantly higher than those in healthy volunteers (P < 0.001), chronic bronchitis (P < 0.001) and asthma (P < 0.05). In addition, the percentage of neutrophils in brushing cells from COPD significantly correlated with the expression of ICAM-1 (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Upregulation of ICAM-1 in epithelial cell from COPD correlates with the neutrophil infiltration in COPD. Lymphocytes are in an active state in COPD and the use of brush biopsies of the bronchial epithelium may serve as a diagnostic tool for differentiation among COPD, chronic bronchitis and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Qu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical Hospital, Beijing 100083
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Abstract
The effects of estrogen on bone are possibly mediated by several cell types. In the present study, the effect of 17beta-estradiol (E2) on osteoblast-like cells was investigated by using mouse bone marrow cultures. Bone marrow cells were harvested from the shafts of femurs of 10-week-old NMRI mice and cultured. On day 6, confluent primary cultures were trypsinized and subcultured. Under the conditions used (Keila, S., Pitaru, S., Grosskopf, A., and Wernreb, M. Bone marrow from mechanically unloaded rat bones expresses reduced osteogenic capacity in vitro. J Bone Miner Res 9:321-327; 1994), the bone marrow cultures showed differentiation towards the osteoblastic phenotype. This was demonstrated by the appearance of osteoblastic markers such as alpha1(I) collagen (COL1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OP), and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta1), which were detected by using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Bone nodule formation, including deposition of collagen fibers and matrix mineralization, was also studied at several time points of the 3-week culture period. The effect of E2 on the appearance of osteoblastic markers was studied by incubating cultures in the presence or absence of the hormone. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for the estrogen receptor (ER) was found to be expressed at all time points as demonstrated by RT-PCR. When grown with E2, the rate of cell proliferation was increased in the early phase of cultures, but not after day 6. The addition of E2 in subcultures resulted in an increase of levels of mRNA for COL1, ALP, OCN, OP, and TGF-beta1. ALP activity was also increased. Bone nodule formation, as well as calcium contents, were significantly increased in the cultures grown in the presence of E2. All E2 concentrations used (0.01-10 nmol/L) were effective but the maximum response was obtained with 0.1 nmol/L E2. Addition of the antiestrogen ICI 182,780 abolished the E2-induced stimulation of proliferation and later an increase in ALP activity. Addition of ICI 182,780 without the hormone did not cause any changes when compared to control cultures. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that E2 stimulates sequential differentiation of osteoblasts and increases deposition and mineralization of matrix in mouse bone marrow cultures in an estrogen receptor-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Qu
- Biocenter and Department of Anatomy, University of Oulu, Finland.
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Jiao W, Chai J, Osman I, Qu Q. [Characteristics of development and morphology of Echinococcus granulosus of camel origin in north Xinjiang]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 1998; 16:204-8. [PMID: 12078243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the characteristics of development and morphology of E. granulosus of camel origin in north Xinjiang. METHODS Six dogs were infected with protoscolices and then purged with arecoline at days 35 and 45 p.i. RESULTS Six dogs were heavily infected, the worm burden were 14,780 to 135,900 at days 35 and 45 p.i. At day 35 p.i. 77% of the had developed three segments, 10% contained mature eggs with fully developed "thickshelled" embryophores. Morphological studies revealed the following characteristics for 35-day-old worms; the mean length of the terminal segment accounted for 56% of the total worm length; the position of the sexually mature segment was always terminal (77%); the female reproductive system possessed an enlongated ovary with compact lobules; the Mehlis gland was covered by the vitelline gland and the testes were distributed throughout the segment arranging in a row posterior to the vitelline gland. CONCLUSION The E. granulosus of camel isolate in north Xinjiang can readily be distinguished from the horse, sheep, cattle and pig strains, but is similar to the camel (Camelus dromedarius) strain distributed in North Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Jiao
- National Hydatid Disease Centre of China, Xinjiang Institute for Endemic Diseases Control and Research, Urumqi 830002
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Pippin JW, Qu Q, Meijer L, Shankland SJ. Direct in vivo inhibition of the nuclear cell cycle cascade in experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with Roscovitine, a novel cyclin-dependent kinase antagonist. J Clin Invest 1997; 100:2512-20. [PMID: 9366565 PMCID: PMC508451 DOI: 10.1172/jci119793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glomerular injury is characterized by mesangial cell (MC) proliferation and matrix formation. We sought to determine if reducing the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) with the purine analogue, Roscovitine, decreased MC proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Roscovitine (25 microM) inhibited FCS-induced proliferation (P < 0.0001) in cultured MC. Rats with experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (Thy1 model) were divided into two groups. A prevention group received daily intraperitoneal injections of Roscovitine in DMSO (2.8 mg/kg) starting at day 1. A treatment group received daily Roscovitine starting at day 3, when MC proliferation was established. Control Thy1 rats received DMSO alone. MC proliferation (PCNA +/OX7 + double immunostaining) was reduced by > 50% at days 5 and 10 in the Roscovitine prevention group, and at day 5 in the treatment group (P < 0.0001). Early administration of Roscovitine reduced immunostaining for collagen type IV, laminin, and fibronectin at days 5 and 10 (r = 0.984; P < 0.001), which was associated with improved renal function (urinary protein/creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, P < 0.05). We conclude that reducing the activity of CDK2 with Roscovitine in experimental glomerulonephritis decreases cell proliferation and matrix production, resulting in improved renal function, and may be a useful therapeutic intervention in disease characterized by proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Pippin
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA
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Alpert SE, Walenga RW, Jaspers I, Qu Q, Chen LC. Ozone inactivates cyclooxygenase in human tracheal epithelial cells without altering PGHS-2 mRNA or protein. Am J Physiol 1997; 272:L879-87. [PMID: 9176252 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.1997.272.5.l879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of human tracheal epithelial (TE) cells to ozone (0.1-0.5 ppm) leads to a transient increase followed by decreased production of prostaglandin (PG) E2 concomitant with dose-dependent loss and delayed recovery of cyclooxygenase (CO) activity [S.E. Alpert and R.W. Walenga. Am. J. Physiol. 269 (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 13): L734-L743, 1995]. Formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cultured tracheobronchial epithelial cells during ozone exposure was recently demonstrated (L.C. Chen and Q.Qu. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 143: 96-101, 1997). In the present study, we investigated if ROS generated by ozone-exposed human TE cells contribute to PGE2 production and/or CO inactivation and whether the delay in recovery of CO activity after ozone reflects impaired gene transcription and/or protein synthesis. Rapid, dose-dependent ROS generation, assessed by fluorescence of dihydrorhodamine 123, was detected in human TE monolayers exposed to 0.21-0.63 ppm ozone. In a different system, TE cells were exposed to air or 0.5 ppm ozone for 1 h by serial renewal/collection of an adherent film of media. Ozone-induced ROS formation, the transient increase and decline in PGE2, and CO inactivation were attenuated by an intracellular hydroxyl radical scavenger, 1,3-dimethyl-2-thiourea. Ibuprofen, a reversible CO inhibitor, prevented PGE2 release during ozone exposure (and hence autocatalytic CO inactivation) but not loss of CO activity. Although CO activity remained depressed for hours after ozone exposure, compared with air-exposed cultures, no differences were detected in mRNA and protein levels of prostaglandin endoperoxide G/H synthase 2 (PGHS-2), the only CO isoform present in human TE cells, or in the rate of de novo PGHS-2 synthesis. Our findings suggest that ozone-induced PGE2 production and CO inactivation are primarily the result of formation of intracellular oxidant molecules and that delayed recovery of CO activity in human TE cells after short-term ozone exposure is due to persistent inactivation of PGHS-2, rather than to interference with its synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Alpert
- Pediatric Pulmonary Division, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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Abstract
In vivo exposure to ozone (O3) has been shown to cause airway epithelial damage and lipid peroxidation. The oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids has been shown to produce hydrogen peroxide and aldehydes with reactive oxygen species (ROS) as intermediates. These products of ozonation may react with other bioorganic molecules and cause cellular damage. To assess the production of ROS, confluent primary cultures of guinea pig airway epithelial cells were grown on Costar membrane with a liquid-air interface and exposed to 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 ppm O3. The concentrations of intracellular ROS during the exposure were monitored using the fluorescent dye dihydrorhodamine-123. The intracellular concentration of ROS increased immediately upon the commencement of the O3 exposure and persisted until the end of the exposure period (up to 1 hr). The concentration of ROS increased with increasing O3 concentration. To determine the species of ROS produced during O3 exposure, airway epithelial cells were perfused with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), sodium formate (hydroxyl radical scavengers), NaN3 (catalase inhibitor), or diethyl-dithio carbamate (DEDC, superoxide dismutase inhibitor) prior to and during the exposure period and the fluorescent intensity was monitored continuously. While both DMSO and sodium formate decreased the concentration of ROS, DEDC and NaN3 had no effect. We concluded that hydroxyl radicals instead of H2O2 or superoxide anions were produced immediately following the commencement of O3 exposure in guinea pig airway epithelial cells in an exposure concentration-dependent fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center, Tuxedo 10987, USA.
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48
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Abstract
Lung cell populations may be directly exposed to environmental airbone toxicants such as ozone (O3). Since pulmonary macrophages (M phi) play a pivotal role in host pulmonary immunocompetence, their function in this regard may be compromised by pollutant exposure thereby giving rise to an increased incidence of pulmonary disease. The current in vitro study was designed to provide some insight into possible mechanisms by which O3 induces decreased host pulmonary resistance against microbial pathogens. Specifically, this study investigated the impact of an acute O3 exposure upon the ability of a cultured mouse M phi cell line (WEHI-3) to interact with, and respond to, the major M phi-activating cytokine, interferon-gamma (IFN gamma). The results of this study indicate that WEHI-3 exposure to 1 ppm O3 for 4 h reduced both the binding of, and responsivity to, IFN gamma. Among the functional parameters affected by this inability to properly bind/respond to IFN gamma were: reactive oxygen intermediate production, phagocytic activity, and cellular calcium ion elevation; IFN gamma-enhanced expression of surface histocompatibility antigens was unaffected by O3 exposure. The reduced activity of any one of these critical M phi functions could provide a basis for previously-documented increases in microbial pathogen survival in the lungs, and overall compromise of host health following O3 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Cohen
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016, USA
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49
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Cohen MD, McManus TP, Yang Z, Qu Q, Schlesinger RB, Zelikoff JT. Vanadium affects macrophage interferon-gamma-binding and -inducible responses. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1996; 138:110-20. [PMID: 8658499 DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mouse WEHI-3 cells were exposed overnight to vanadium [V; ammonium metavanadate (NH4VO3) or vanadium pentoxide (V2O5)] to determine whether documented V-induced immunomodulation might arise from altered macrophage (M phi) interactions with interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) or altered IFN gamma-inducible responses. Binding studies performed at 22 degrees C indicated that although NH4VO3-pretreated cells had approximately 48% fewer actively-binding Class I IFN gamma receptors, binding affinities were 1.5-fold greater than that of control cell receptors; Class II expression was unaffected but affinities were reduced 2-fold. Postbinding IFN gamma-receptor complex internalization was unaffected by V pretreatment. Spontaneous production of both hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion was significantly increased by treatment with both V compounds. Total hydrogen peroxide and superoxide production was increased by stimulation of IFN gamma-primed cells with zymosan, but relative increases in primed V-treated cells were lower than that in controls. Vanadium-treated cells also displayed decreased rates of IFN gamma-induced changes in [Ca2+]i levels secondary to increased resting [Ca2+]i levels. Although V-treated cells did not display significant increases in I-A expression after IFN gamma treatment, increased numbers of I-A+ cells (irrespective of priming) and lower maximal antigen densities than observed on I-A+ control cells were evident. Results from this study show that V exposure may produce alterations in M phi-mediated functions, in part, by modifying cell interactions with IFN gamma and subsequent IFN gamma-dependent functional parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Cohen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center, Tuxedo 10987, USA
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50
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Qian X, Ying R, Qu Q. [Surgical management of severe hemorrhage and retroperitoneal perforation after endoscopic sphincterotomy]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1995; 33:181-3. [PMID: 7555392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
From 1990 to 1993, 5 patients with severe hemorrhage and retroperitoneal perforation following endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) were surgically treated. Two patients with hemorrhage and one with perforation survived. The remaining two died of hemorrhage plus perforation. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention was very important to lower the mortality, especially in those with common bile duct stones retention, acute pancreatitis, or cholangitis. For patients with late stage perforation or recurrent hemorrhage, palliative procedure aimed at isolating the EST incision from the digestion of bile and pancreatic juice should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Qian
- Hangzhou First People's Hospital
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