1
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Wheeler AE, Stoeger V, Owens RM. Lab-on-chip technologies for exploring the gut-immune axis in metabolic disease. Lab Chip 2024; 24:1266-1292. [PMID: 38226866 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00877k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The continued rise in metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus poses a global health burden, necessitating further research into factors implicated in the onset and progression of these diseases. Recently, the gut-immune axis, with diet as a main regulator, has been identified as a possible role player in their development. Translation of conventional 2D in vitro and animal models is however limited, while human studies are expensive and preclude individual mechanisms from being investigated. Lab-on-chip technology therefore offers an attractive new avenue to study gut-immune interactions. This review provides an overview of the influence of diet on gut-immune interactions in metabolic diseases and a critical analysis of the current state of lab-on-chip technology to study this axis. While there has been progress in the development of "immuno-competent" intestinal lab-on-chip models, with studies showing the ability of the technology to provide mechanical cues, support longer-term co-culture of microbiota and maintain in vivo-like oxygen gradients, platforms which combine all three and include intestinal and immune cells are still lacking. Further, immune cell types and inclusion of microenvironment conditions which enable in vivo-like immune cell dynamics as well as host-microbiome interactions are limited. Future model development should focus on combining these conditions to create an environment capable of hosting more complex microbiota and immune cells to allow further study into the effects of diet and related metabolites on the gut-immune ecosystem and their role in the prevention and development of metabolic diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Wheeler
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, UK.
| | - Verena Stoeger
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, UK.
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, UK.
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2
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Barron SL, Oldroyd SV, Saez J, Chernaik A, Guo W, McCaughan F, Bulmer D, Owens RM. A Conformable Organic Electronic Device for Monitoring Epithelial Integrity at the Air Liquid Interface. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2306679. [PMID: 38061027 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Air liquid interfaced (ALI) epithelial barriers are essential for homeostatic functions such as nutrient transport and immunological protection. Dysfunction of such barriers are implicated in a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders and, as such, sensors capable of monitoring barrier health are integral for disease modelling, diagnostics and drug screening applications. To date, gold-standard electrical methods for detecting barrier resistance require rigid electrodes bathed in an electrolyte, which limits compatibility with biological architectures and is non-physiological for ALI. This work presents a flexible all-planar electronic device capable of monitoring barrier formation and perturbations in human respiratory and intestinal cells at ALI. By interrogating patient samples with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and simple equivalent circuit models, disease-specific and patient-specific signatures are uncovered. Device readouts are validated against commercially available chopstick electrodes and show greater conformability, sensitivity and biocompatibility. The effect of electrode size on sensing efficiency is investigated and a cut-off sensing area is established, which is one order of magnitude smaller than previously reported. This work provides the first steps in creating a physiologically relevant sensor capable of mapping local and real-time changes of epithelial barrier function at ALI, which will have broad applications in toxicology and drug screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Barron
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Sophie V Oldroyd
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Janire Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
- Microfluidics Cluster, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, CP 01006, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, 01009, Spain
| | - Alice Chernaik
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Wenrui Guo
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Frank McCaughan
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - David Bulmer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
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3
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McCoy R, Oldroyd S, Yang W, Wang K, Hoven D, Bulmer D, Zilbauer M, Owens RM. In Vitro Models for Investigating Intestinal Host-Pathogen Interactions. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2306727. [PMID: 38155358 PMCID: PMC10885678 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are increasingly recognized as a major threat worldwide due to the rise of antimicrobial resistance and the emergence of novel pathogens. In vitro models that can adequately mimic in vivo gastrointestinal physiology are in high demand to elucidate mechanisms behind pathogen infectivity, and to aid the design of effective preventive and therapeutic interventions. There exists a trade-off between simple and high throughput models and those that are more complex and physiologically relevant. The complexity of the model used shall be guided by the biological question to be addressed. This review provides an overview of the structure and function of the intestine and the models that are developed to emulate this. Conventional models are discussed in addition to emerging models which employ engineering principles to equip them with necessary advanced monitoring capabilities for intestinal host-pathogen interrogation. Limitations of current models and future perspectives on the field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reece McCoy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
| | - Sophie Oldroyd
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
| | - Woojin Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0AWUK
| | - Kaixin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
| | - Darius Hoven
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
| | - David Bulmer
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1PDUK
| | - Matthias Zilbauer
- Wellcome‐MRC Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0AWUK
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
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4
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Oldroyd P, Oldroyd S, Meng M, Makwana R, Sanger G, Bulmer D, Malliaras GG, Owens RM. Stretchable Device for Simultaneous Measurements of Contractility and Electrophysiology of Neuromuscular Tissue in the Gastrointestinal Tract. Adv Mater 2024:e2312735. [PMID: 38290128 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Devices interfacing with biological tissues can provide valuable insights into function, disease, and metabolism through electrical and mechanical signals. However, certain neuromuscular tissues, like those in the gastrointestinal tract, undergo significant strains of up to 40%. Conventional inextensible devices cannot capture the dynamic responses in these tissues. This study introduces electrodes made from poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) that enable simultaneous monitoring of electrical and mechanical responses of gut tissue. The soft PDMS layers conform to tissue surfaces during gastrointestinal movement. Dopants, including Capstone FS-30 and polyethylene glycol, are explored to enhance the conductivity, electrical sensitivity to strain, and stability of the PEDOT:PSS. The devices are fabricated using shadow masks and solution-processing techniques, providing a faster and simpler process than traditional clean-room-based lithography. Tested on ex vivo mouse colon and human stomach, the device recorded voltage changes of up to 300 µV during contraction and distension consistent with muscle activity, while simultaneously recording resistance changes of up to 150% due to mechanical strain. These devices detect and respond to chemical stimulants and blockers, and can induce contractions through electrical stimulation. They hold great potential for studying and treating complex disorders like irritable bowel syndrome and gastroparesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poppy Oldroyd
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Sophie Oldroyd
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Michelle Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Tennis Ct Rd, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Rajesh Makwana
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Cambridge, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Gareth Sanger
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Cambridge, E1 2AT, UK
| | - David Bulmer
- Department of Pharmacology, Tennis Ct Rd, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - George G Malliaras
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
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5
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Bint-E-Naser SF, Mohamed ZJ, Chao Z, Bali K, Owens RM, Daniel S. Gram-Positive Bacterial Membrane-Based Biosensor for Multimodal Investigation of Membrane-Antibiotic Interactions. Biosensors (Basel) 2024; 14:45. [PMID: 38248423 PMCID: PMC10813107 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
As membrane-mediated antibiotic resistance continues to evolve in Gram-positive bacteria, the development of new approaches to elucidate the membrane properties involved in antibiotic resistance has become critical. Membrane vesicles (MVs) secreted by the cytoplasmic membrane of Gram-positive bacteria contain native components, preserving lipid and protein diversity, nucleic acids, and sometimes virulence factors. Thus, MV-derived membrane platforms present a great model for Gram-positive bacterial membranes. In this work, we report the development of a planar bacterial cytoplasmic membrane-based biosensor using MVs isolated from the Bacillus subtilis WT strain that can be coated on multiple surface types such as glass, quartz crystals, and polymeric electrodes, fostering the multimodal assessment of drug-membrane interactions. Retention of native membrane components such as lipoteichoic acids, lipids, and proteins is verified. This biosensor replicates known interaction patterns of the antimicrobial compound, daptomycin, with the Gram-positive bacterial membrane, establishing the applicability of this platform for carrying out biophysical characterization of the interactions of membrane-acting antibiotic compounds with the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. We report changes in membrane viscoelasticity and permeability that correspond to partial membrane disruption when calcium ions are present with daptomycin but not when these ions are chelated. This biomembrane biosensing platform enables an assessment of membrane biophysical characteristics during exposure to antibiotic drug candidates to aid in identifying compounds that target membrane disruption as a mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samavi Farnush Bint-E-Naser
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (S.F.B.-E.-N.); (Z.C.)
| | | | - Zhongmou Chao
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (S.F.B.-E.-N.); (Z.C.)
| | - Karan Bali
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK; (K.B.); (R.M.O.)
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK; (K.B.); (R.M.O.)
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (S.F.B.-E.-N.); (Z.C.)
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6
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Barron SL, Wyatt O, O'Connor A, Mansfield D, Suzanne Cohen E, Witkos TM, Strickson S, Owens RM. Modelling bronchial epithelial-fibroblast cross-talk in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) using a human-derived in vitro air liquid interface (ALI) culture. Sci Rep 2024; 14:240. [PMID: 38168149 PMCID: PMC10761879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50618-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating form of respiratory disease with a life expectancy of 3-4 years. Inflammation, epithelial injury and myofibroblast proliferation have been implicated in disease initiation and, recently, epithelial-fibroblastic crosstalk has been identified as a central driver. However, the ability to interrogate this crosstalk is limited due to the absence of in vitro models that mimic physiological conditions. To investigate IPF dysregulated cross-talk, primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells and primary normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF) or diseased human lung fibroblasts (DHLF) from IPF patients, were co-cultured in direct contact at the air-liquid interface (ALI). Intercellular crosstalk was assessed by comparing cellular phenotypes of co-cultures to respective monocultures, through optical, biomolecular and electrical methods. A co-culture-dependent decrease in epithelium thickness, basal cell mRNA (P63, KRT5) and an increase in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was observed. This effect was significantly enhanced in DHLF co-cultures and lead to the induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and increased mRNA expression of TGFβ-2, ZO-1 and DN12. When stimulated with exogenous TGFβ, NHBE and NHLF monocultures showed a significant upregulation of EMT (COL1A1, FN1, VIM, ASMA) and senescence (P21) markers, respectively. In contrast, direct NHLF/NHBE co-culture indicated a protective role of epithelial-fibroblastic cross-talk against TGFβ-induced EMT, fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) and inflammatory cytokine release (IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, IL-1β, TNF-α). DHLF co-cultures showed no significant phenotypic transition upon stimulation, likely due to the constitutively high expression of TGFβ isoforms prior to any exogenous stimulation. The model developed provides an alternative method to generate IPF-related bronchial epithelial phenotypes in vitro, through the direct co-culture of human lung fibroblasts with NHBEs. These findings highlight the importance of fibroblast TGFβ signaling in EMT but that monocultures give rise to differential responses compared to co-cultures, when exposed to this pro-inflammatory stimulus. This holds implications for any translation conclusions drawn from monoculture studies and is an important step in development of more biomimetic models of IPF. In summary, we believe this in vitro system to study fibroblast-epithelial crosstalk, within the context of IPF, provides a platform which will aid in the identification and validation of novel targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Barron
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Owen Wyatt
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andy O'Connor
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Mansfield
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - E Suzanne Cohen
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tomasz M Witkos
- Analytical Sciences, Bioassay, Biosafety and Impurities, BioPharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sam Strickson
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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7
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Lu Z, Barberio C, Fernandez-Villegas A, Withers A, Wheeler A, Kallitsis K, Martinelli E, Savva A, Hess BM, Pappa AM, Schierle GSK, Owens RM. Microelectrode Arrays Measure Blocking of Voltage-Gated Calcium Ion Channels on Supported Lipid Bilayers Derived from Primary Neurons. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2304301. [PMID: 38039435 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Drug studies targeting neuronal ion channels are crucial to understand neuronal function and develop therapies for neurological diseases. The traditional method to study neuronal ion-channel activities heavily relies on the whole-cell patch clamp as the industry standard. However, this technique is both technically challenging and labour-intensive, while involving the complexity of keeping cells alive with low throughput. Therefore, the shortcomings are limiting the efficiency of ion-channel-related neuroscience research and drug testing. Here, this work reports a new system of integrating neuron membranes with organic microelectrode arrays (OMEAs) for ion-channel-related drug studies. This work demonstrates that the supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) derived from both neuron-like (neuroblastoma) cells and primary neurons are integrated with OMEAs for the first time. The increased expression of voltage-gated calcium (CaV) ion channels on differentiated SH-SY5Y SLBs compared to non-differentiated ones is sensed electrically. Also, dose-response of the CaV ion-channel blocking effect on primary cortical neuronal SLBs from rats is monitored. The dose range causing ion channel blocking is comparable to literature. This system overcomes the major challenges from traditional methods (e.g., patch clamp) and showcases an easy-to-test, rapid, ultra-sensitive, cell-free, and high-throughput platform to monitor dose-dependent ion-channel blocking effects on native neuronal membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Chiara Barberio
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Ana Fernandez-Villegas
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Aimee Withers
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Alexandra Wheeler
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Konstantinos Kallitsis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Eleonora Martinelli
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Becky M Hess
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99 354, USA
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, UAE
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127 788, UAE
| | - Gabriele S Kaminski Schierle
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
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8
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Fahmy L, Ali YM, Seilly D, McCoy R, Owens RM, Pipan M, Christie G, Grant AJ. An attacin antimicrobial peptide, Hill_BB_C10074, from Hermetia illucens with anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa activity. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:378. [PMID: 38036998 PMCID: PMC10690985 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03131-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a global need to develop new therapies to treat infectious diseases and tackle the rise in antimicrobial resistance. To date, the larvae of the Black Solider Fly, Hermetia illucens, have the largest repertoire of antimicrobial peptides derived from insects. Antimicrobial peptides are of particular interest in the exploration of alternative antimicrobials due to their potent action and reduced propensity to induce resistance compared with more traditional antibiotics. RESULTS The predicted attacin from H. illucens, Hill_BB_C10074, was first identified in the transcriptome of H. illucens populations that had been fed a plant-oil based diet. In this study, recombinant Hill_BB_C10074 (500 µg/mL), was found to possess potent antimicrobial activity against the serious Gram-negative pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sequence and structural homology modelling predicted that Hill_BB_C10074 formed a homotrimeric complex that may form pores in the Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane. In vitro experiments defined the antimicrobial action of Hill_BB_C10074 against P. aeruginosa and transmission electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed the outer membrane disruptive power of Hill_BB_C10074 which was greater than the clinically relevant antibiotic, polymyxin B. CONCLUSIONS Combining predictive tools with in vitro approaches, we have characterised Hill_BB_C10074 as an important insect antimicrobial peptide and promising candidate for the future development of clinical antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Fahmy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Youssif M Ali
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Seilly
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Reece McCoy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Miha Pipan
- Better Origin, Future Business Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Graham Christie
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew J Grant
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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9
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Simatos D, Jacobs IE, Dobryden I, Nguyen M, Savva A, Venkateshvaran D, Nikolka M, Charmet J, Spalek LJ, Gicevičius M, Zhang Y, Schweicher G, Howe DJ, Ursel S, Armitage J, Dimov IB, Kraft U, Zhang W, Alsufyani M, McCulloch I, Owens RM, Claesson PM, Knowles TPJ, Sirringhaus H. Effects of Processing-Induced Contamination on Organic Electronic Devices. Small Methods 2023; 7:e2300476. [PMID: 37661594 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors are a family of pi-conjugated compounds used in many applications, such as displays, bioelectronics, and thermoelectrics. However, their susceptibility to processing-induced contamination is not well understood. Here, it is shown that many organic electronic devices reported so far may have been unintentionally contaminated, thus affecting their performance, water uptake, and thin film properties. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is used to detect and quantify contaminants originating from the glovebox atmosphere and common laboratory consumables used during device fabrication. Importantly, this in-depth understanding of the sources of contamination allows the establishment of clean fabrication protocols, and the fabrication of organic field effect transistors (OFETs) with improved performance and stability. This study highlights the role of unintentional contaminants in organic electronic devices, and demonstrates that certain stringent processing conditions need to be met to avoid scientific misinterpretation, ensure device reproducibility, and facilitate performance stability. The experimental procedures and conditions used herein are typical of those used by many groups in the field of solution-processed organic semiconductors. Therefore, the insights gained into the effects of contamination are likely to be broadly applicable to studies, not just of OFETs, but also of other devices based on these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Simatos
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Ian E Jacobs
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Illia Dobryden
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Division of Bioeconomy and Health, Department of Material and Surface Design, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, 11486, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Małgorzata Nguyen
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 OAS, UK
| | - Deepak Venkateshvaran
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Mark Nikolka
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Jérôme Charmet
- School of Engineering-HE-Arc Ingénierie, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Leszek J Spalek
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Mindaugas Gicevičius
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Youcheng Zhang
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Guillaume Schweicher
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Duncan J Howe
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Sarah Ursel
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - John Armitage
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Ivan B Dimov
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Ulrike Kraft
- Department of Molecular Electronics, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Alsufyani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 OAS, UK
| | - Per M Claesson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tuomas P J Knowles
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Henning Sirringhaus
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
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10
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Thurimella K, Mohamed AMT, Graham DB, Owens RM, La Rosa SL, Plichta DR, Bacallado S, Xavier RJ. Protein Language Models Uncover Carbohydrate-Active Enzyme Function in Metagenomics. bioRxiv 2023:2023.10.23.563620. [PMID: 37961379 PMCID: PMC10634757 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.23.563620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In metagenomics, the pool of uncharacterized microbial enzymes presents a challenge for functional annotation. Among these, carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) stand out due to their pivotal roles in various biological processes related to host health and nutrition. Here, we present CAZyLingua, the first tool that harnesses protein language model embeddings to build a deep learning framework that facilitates the annotation of CAZymes in metagenomic datasets. Our benchmarking results showed on average a higher F1 score (reflecting an average of precision and recall) on the annotated genomes of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Eggerthella lenta and Ruminococcus gnavus compared to the traditional sequence homology-based method in dbCAN2. We applied our tool to a paired mother/infant longitudinal dataset and revealed unannotated CAZymes linked to microbial development during infancy. When applied to metagenomic datasets derived from patients affected by fibrosis-prone diseases such as Crohn's disease and IgG4-related disease, CAZyLingua uncovered CAZymes associated with disease and healthy states. In each of these metagenomic catalogs, CAZyLingua discovered new annotations that were previously overlooked by traditional sequence homology tools. Overall, the deep learning model CAZyLingua can be applied in combination with existing tools to unravel intricate CAZyme evolutionary profiles and patterns, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of microbial metabolic dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Thurimella
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ahmed M. T. Mohamed
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel B. Graham
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sabina Leanti La Rosa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Damian R. Plichta
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sergio Bacallado
- Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ramnik J. Xavier
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Traberg WC, Uribe J, Druet V, Hama A, Moysidou CM, Huerta M, McCoy R, Hayward D, Savva A, Genovese AMR, Pavagada S, Lu Z, Koklu A, Pappa AM, Fitzgerald R, Inal S, Daniel S, Owens RM. Organic Electronic Platform for Real-Time Phenotypic Screening of Extracellular-Vesicle-Driven Breast Cancer Metastasis. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301194. [PMID: 37171457 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) induce the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in nonmalignant cells to promote invasion and cancer metastasis, representing a novel therapeutic target in a field severely lacking in efficacious antimetastasis treatments. However, scalable technologies that allow continuous, multiparametric monitoring for identifying metastasis inhibitors are absent. Here, the development of a functional phenotypic screening platform based on organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) for real-time, noninvasive monitoring of TEV-induced EMT and screening of antimetastatic drugs is reported. TEVs derived from the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 induce EMT in nonmalignant breast epithelial cells (MCF10A) over a nine-day period, recapitulating a model of invasive ductal carcinoma metastasis. Immunoblot analysis and immunofluorescence imaging confirm the EMT status of TEV-treated cells, while dual optical and electrical readouts of cell phenotype are obtained using OECTs. Further, heparin, a competitive inhibitor of cell surface receptors, is identified as an effective blocker of TEV-induced EMT. Together, these results demonstrate the utility of the platform for TEV-targeted drug discovery, allowing for facile modeling of the transient drug response using electrical measurements, and provide proof of concept that inhibitors of TEV function have potential as antimetastatic drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walther C Traberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Johana Uribe
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Victor Druet
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Hama
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Chrysanthi-Maria Moysidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Miriam Huerta
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Reece McCoy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Daniel Hayward
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Hutchison Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Amaury M R Genovese
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Suraj Pavagada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Hutchison Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Zixuan Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Anil Koklu
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
- Healthcare Innovation Engineering Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, PO Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, PO Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rebecca Fitzgerald
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Hutchison Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Sahika Inal
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
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12
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de Rijk SR, Boys AJ, Roberts IV, Jiang C, Garcia C, Owens RM, Bance M. Tissue-Engineered Cochlear Fibrosis Model Links Complex Impedance to Fibrosis Formation for Cochlear Implant Patients. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300732. [PMID: 37310792 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cochlear implants are a life-changing technology for those with severe sensorineural hearing loss, partially restoring hearing through direct electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve. However, they are known to elicit an immune response resulting in fibrotic tissue formation in the cochlea that is linked to residual hearing loss and suboptimal outcomes. Intracochlear fibrosis is difficult to track without postmortem histology, and no specific electrical marker for fibrosis exists. In this study, a tissue-engineered model of cochlear fibrosis is developed following implant placement to examine the electrical characteristics associated with fibrotic tissue formation around electrodes. The model is characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and an increase in the resistance and a decrease in capacitance of the tissue using a representative circuit are found. This result informs a new marker of fibrosis progression over time that is extractable from voltage waveform responses, which can be directly measured in cochlear implant patients. This marker is tested in a small sample size of recently implanted cochlear implant patients, showing a significant increase over two postoperative timepoints. Using this system, complex impedance is demonstrated as a marker of fibrosis progression that is directly measurable from cochlear implants to enable real-time tracking of fibrosis formation in patients, creating opportunities for earlier treatment intervention to improve cochlear implant efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone R de Rijk
- Cambridge Hearing Group, Cambridge, CB2 8AF, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3 EB, UK
| | - Alexander J Boys
- Cambridge Hearing Group, Cambridge, CB2 8AF, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Iwan V Roberts
- Cambridge Hearing Group, Cambridge, CB2 8AF, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3 EB, UK
| | - Chen Jiang
- Cambridge Hearing Group, Cambridge, CB2 8AF, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3 EB, UK
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Charlotte Garcia
- Cambridge Hearing Group, Cambridge, CB2 8AF, UK
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Cambridge Hearing Group, Cambridge, CB2 8AF, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Manohar Bance
- Cambridge Hearing Group, Cambridge, CB2 8AF, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3 EB, UK
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13
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Savva A, Saez J, Withers A, Barberio C, Stoeger V, Elias-Kirma S, Lu Z, Moysidou CM, Kallitsis K, Pitsalidis C, Owens RM. 3D organic bioelectronics for electrical monitoring of human adult stem cells. Mater Horiz 2023; 10:3589-3600. [PMID: 37318042 PMCID: PMC10464098 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00785e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional in vitro stem cell models have enabled a fundamental understanding of cues that direct stem cell fate. While sophisticated 3D tissues can be generated, technology that can accurately monitor these complex models in a high-throughput and non-invasive manner is not well adapted. Here we show the development of 3D bioelectronic devices based on the electroactive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)-(PEDOT:PSS) and their use for non-invasive, electrical monitoring of stem cell growth. We show that the electrical, mechanical and wetting properties as well as the pore size/architecture of 3D PEDOT:PSS scaffolds can be fine-tuned simply by changing the processing crosslinker additive. We present a comprehensive characterization of both 2D PEDOT:PSS thin films of controlled thicknesses, and 3D porous PEDOT:PSS structures made by the freeze-drying technique. By slicing the bulky scaffolds we generate homogeneous, porous 250 μm thick PEDOT:PSS slices, constituting biocompatible 3D constructs able to support stem cell cultures. These multifunctional slices are attached on indium-tin oxide substrates (ITO) with the help of an electrically active adhesion layer, enabling 3D bioelectronic devices with a characteristic and reproducible, frequency dependent impedance response. This response changes drastically when human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) grow within the porous PEDOT:PSS network as revealed by fluorescence microscopy. The increase of cell population within the PEDOT:PSS porous network impedes the charge flow at the interface between PEDOT:PSS and ITO, enabling the interface resistance (R1) to be used as a figure of merit to monitor the proliferation of stem cells. The non-invasive monitoring of stem cell growth allows for the subsequent differentiation 3D stem cell cultures into neuron like cells, as verified by immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR measurements. The strategy of controlling important properties of 3D PEDOT:PSS structures simply by altering processing parameters can be applied for development of a number of stem cell in vitro models as well as stem cell differentiation pathways. We believe the results presented here will advance 3D bioelectronic technology for both fundamental understanding of in vitro stem cell cultures as well as the development of personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UK.
| | - Janire Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UK.
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Miguel de Unamuno, 3, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science, IKERBASQUE, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Aimee Withers
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UK.
| | - Chiara Barberio
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UK.
| | - Verena Stoeger
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UK.
| | - Shani Elias-Kirma
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UK.
| | - Zixuan Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UK.
| | - Chrysanthi-Maria Moysidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UK.
| | - Konstantinos Kallitsis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UK.
| | - Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UK.
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UK.
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14
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Etheridge W, Brossard F, Zheng S, Moench S, Pavagada S, Owens RM, Fruk L. Activity-enhanced DNAzyme for design of label-free copper(II) biosensor. Nanoscale 2023. [PMID: 37325900 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02169f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal ion-driven, DNA-cleaving DNAzymes are characterised by high selectivity and specificity. However, their use for metal ion sensing remains largely unexplored due to long reaction times and poor reaction yields relative to RNA-cleaving DNAzymes and other sensing strategies. Herein we present a study demonstrating a significant rate enhancement of a copper-selective DNA cleaving DNAzyme by both polydopamine (PDA) and gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs). PDA NPs enhance the reaction through the production of hydrogen peroxide, while for AuNPs the enhancement is aided by the presence of citrate surface moeities, both of which drive the oxidative cleavage of the substrate. A 50-fold enhancement for PDA NPs makes the combination of PDA and DNAzyme suitable for a practical application as a sensitive biosensor for Cu(II) ions. Using DNAzyme deposition onto a gold electrode followed by Polydopamine Assisted DNA Immobilisation (PADI), we achieve a cost-effective, label-free and fast (within 15 min) electrochemical biosensor with a limit of detection of 180 nmol (11 ppm), thus opening a route for the rational design of a new generation of hybrid DNAzyme-based biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Etheridge
- BioNano Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive CB3 0AS, Cambridge, UK.
- Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory, Hitachi Europe Ltd, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Frederic Brossard
- Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory, Hitachi Europe Ltd, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Sitan Zheng
- BioNano Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive CB3 0AS, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Svenja Moench
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG 1), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Suraj Pavagada
- BioNano Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive CB3 0AS, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Róisín M Owens
- BioNano Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive CB3 0AS, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ljiljana Fruk
- BioNano Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive CB3 0AS, Cambridge, UK.
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15
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Bali K, McCoy R, Lu Z, Treiber J, Savva A, Kaminski CF, Salmond G, Salleo A, Mela I, Monson R, Owens RM. Multiparametric Sensing of Outer Membrane Vesicle-Derived Supported Lipid Bilayers Demonstrates the Specificity of Bacteriophage Interactions. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37137156 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of bacteriophages, viruses that specifically infect bacteria, as antibiotics has become an area of great interest in recent years as the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics recedes. The detection of phage interactions with specific bacteria in a rapid and quantitative way is key for identifying phages of interest for novel antimicrobials. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from Gram-negative bacteria can be used to make supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) and therefore in vitro membrane models that contain naturally occurring components of the bacterial outer membrane. In this study, we employed Escherichia coli OMV derived SLBs and use both fluorescent imaging and mechanical sensing techniques to show their interactions with T4 phage. We also integrate these bilayers with microelectrode arrays (MEAs) functionalized with the conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS and show that the pore forming interactions of the phages with the SLBs can be monitored using electrical impedance spectroscopy. To highlight our ability to detect specific phage interactions, we also generate SLBs using OMVs derived from Citrobacter rodentium, which is resistant to T4 phage infection, and identify their lack of interaction with the phage. The work presented here shows how interactions occurring between the phages and these complex SLB systems can be monitored using a range of experimental techniques. We believe this approach can be used to identify phages that work against bacterial strains of interest, as well as more generally to monitor any pore forming structure (such as defensins) interacting with bacterial outer membranes, and thus aid in the development of next generation antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Bali
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Reece McCoy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Zixuan Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Treiber
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Clemens F Kaminski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - George Salmond
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Downing Site, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ioanna Mela
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
| | - Rita Monson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Downing Site, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
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16
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Bali K, Guffick C, McCoy R, Lu Z, Kaminski CF, Mela I, Owens RM, van Veen HW. Biosensor for Multimodal Characterization of an Essential ABC Transporter for Next-Generation Antibiotic Research. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:12766-12776. [PMID: 36866935 PMCID: PMC10020959 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
As the threat of antibiotic resistance increases, there is a particular focus on developing antimicrobials against pathogenic bacteria whose multidrug resistance is especially entrenched and concerning. One such target for novel antimicrobials is the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter MsbA that is present in the plasma membrane of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria where it is fundamental to the survival of these bacteria. Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are useful in monitoring membrane protein structure and function since they can be integrated with a variety of optical, biochemical, and electrochemical techniques. Here, we form SLBs containing Escherichia coli MsbA and use atomic force microscopy (AFM) and structured illumination microscopy (SIM) as high-resolution microscopy techniques to study the integrity of the SLBs and incorporated MsbA proteins. We then integrate these SLBs on microelectrode arrays (MEA) based on the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene) poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to monitor ion flow through MsbA proteins in response to ATP hydrolysis. These EIS measurements can be correlated with the biochemical detection of MsbA-ATPase activity. To show the potential of this SLB approach, we observe not only the activity of wild-type MsbA but also the activity of two previously characterized mutants along with quinoline-based MsbA inhibitor G907 to show that EIS systems can detect changes in ABC transporter activity. Our work combines a multitude of techniques to thoroughly investigate MsbA in lipid bilayers as well as the effects of potential inhibitors of this protein. We envisage that this platform will facilitate the development of next-generation antimicrobials that inhibit MsbA or other essential membrane transporters in microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Bali
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, U. K.
| | - Charlotte Guffick
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, CB2 1PD Cambridge, U. K.
| | - Reece McCoy
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, U. K.
| | - Zixuan Lu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, U. K.
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, U. K.
| | - Ioanna Mela
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, U. K.
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CB3 0AS Cambridge, U. K.
| | - Hendrik W. van Veen
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, CB2 1PD Cambridge, U. K.
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17
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Boys AJ, Carnicer-Lombarte A, Güemes-Gonzalez A, van Niekerk DC, Hilton S, Barone DG, Proctor CM, Owens RM, Malliaras GG. 3D Bioelectronics with a Remodellable Matrix for Long-Term Tissue Integration and Recording. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2207847. [PMID: 36458737 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronics hold the key for understanding and treating disease. However, achieving stable, long-term interfaces between electronics and the body remains a challenge. Implantation of a bioelectronic device typically initiates a foreign body response, which can limit long-term recording and stimulation efficacy. Techniques from regenerative medicine have shown a high propensity for promoting integration of implants with surrounding tissue, but these implants lack the capabilities for the sophisticated recording and actuation afforded by electronics. Combining these two fields can achieve the best of both worlds. Here, the construction of a hybrid implant system for creating long-term interfaces with tissue is shown. Implants are created by combining a microelectrode array with a bioresorbable and remodellable gel. These implants are shown to produce a minimal foreign body response when placed into musculature, allowing one to record long-term electromyographic signals with high spatial resolution. This device platform drives the possibility for a new generation of implantable electronics for long-term interfacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Boys
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Dr, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Alejandro Carnicer-Lombarte
- Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Amparo Güemes-Gonzalez
- Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Douglas C van Niekerk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Dr, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Sam Hilton
- Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Damiano G Barone
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, University Neurology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Christopher M Proctor
- Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Dr, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - George G Malliaras
- Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
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18
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O'Neill SJK, Huang Z, Ahmed MH, Boys AJ, Velasco-Bosom S, Li J, Owens RM, McCune JA, Malliaras GG, Scherman OA. Tissue-Mimetic Supramolecular Polymer Networks for Bioelectronics. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2207634. [PMID: 36314408 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Addressing the mechanical mismatch between biological tissue and traditional electronic materials remains a major challenge in bioelectronics. While rigidity of such materials limits biocompatibility, supramolecular polymer networks can harmoniously interface with biological tissues as they are soft, wet, and stretchable. Here, an electrically conductive supramolecular polymer network that simultaneously exhibits both electronic and ionic conductivity while maintaining tissue-mimetic mechanical properties, providing an ideal electronic interface with the human body, is introduced. Rational design of an ultrahigh affinity host-guest ternary complex led to binding affinities (>1013 M-2 ) of over an order of magnitude greater than previous reports. Embedding these complexes as dynamic cross-links, coupled with in situ synthesis of a conducting polymer, resulted in electrically conductive supramolecular polymer networks with tissue-mimetic Young's moduli (<5 kPa), high stretchability (>500%), rapid self-recovery and high water content (>84%). Achieving such properties enabled fabrication of intrinsically-stretchable stand-alone bioelectrodes, capable of accurately monitoring electromyography signals, free from any rigid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J K O'Neill
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Zehuan Huang
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Mohammed H Ahmed
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Alexander J Boys
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Santiago Velasco-Bosom
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Jade A McCune
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - George G Malliaras
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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19
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Park JA, Youm Y, Lee HR, Lee Y, Barron SL, Kwak T, Park GT, Song YC, Owens RM, Kim JH, Jung S. Transfer-Tattoo-Like Cell-Sheet Delivery Induced by Interfacial Cell Migration. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2204390. [PMID: 36066995 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A direct transfer of a cell sheet from a culture surface to a target tissue is introduced. Commercially available, flexible parylene is used as the culture surface, and it is proposed that the UV-treated parylene offers adequate and intermediate levels of cell adhesiveness for both the stable cell attachment during culture and for the efficient cell transfer to a target surface. The versatility of this cell-transfer process is demonstrated with various cell types, including MRC-5, HDFn, HULEC-5a, MC3T3-E1, A549, C2C12 cells, and MDCK-II cells. The novel cell-sheet engineering is based on a mechanism of interfacial cell migration between two surfaces with different adhesion preferences. Monitoring of cytoskeletal dynamics and drug treatments during the cell-transfer process reveals that the interfacial cell migration occurs by utilizing the existing transmembrane proteins on the cell surface to bind to the targeted surface. The re-establishment and reversal of cell polarity after the transfer process are also identified. Its unique capabilities of 3D multilayer stacking, freeform design, and curved surface application are demonstrated. Finally, the therapeutic potential of the cell-sheet delivery system is demonstrated by applying it to cutaneous wound healing and skin-tissue regeneration in mice models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju An Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Yejin Youm
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Rim Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongwoo Lee
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah L Barron
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Taejeong Kwak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Tae Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Cheol Song
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjune Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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20
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Barberio C, Withers A, Mishra Y, Couraud PO, Romero IA, Weksler B, Owens RM. A human-derived neurovascular unit in vitro model to study the effects of cellular cross-talk and soluble factors on barrier integrity. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1065193. [PMID: 36545654 PMCID: PMC9762047 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1065193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts paracellular and transcellular diffusion of compounds and is part of a dynamic multicellular structure known as the "neurovascular unit" (NVU), which strictly regulates the brain homeostasis and microenvironment. Several neuropathological conditions (e.g., Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease), are associated with BBB impairment yet the exact underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. In total, 90% of drugs that pass animal testing fail human clinical trials, in part due to inter-species discrepancies. Thus, in vitro human-based models of the NVU are essential to better understand BBB mechanisms; connecting its dysfunction to neuropathological conditions for more effective and improved therapeutic treatments. Herein, we developed a biomimetic tri-culture NVU in vitro model consisting of 3 human-derived cell lines: human cerebral micro-vascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3), human 1321N1 (astrocyte) cells, and human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. The cells were grown in Transwell hanging inserts in a variety of configurations and the optimal setup was found to be the comprehensive tri-culture model, where endothelial cells express typical markers of the BBB and contribute to enhancing neural cell viability and neurite outgrowth. The tri-culture configuration was found to exhibit the highest transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), suggesting that the cross-talk between astrocytes and neurons provides an important contribution to barrier integrity. Lastly, the model was validated upon exposure to several soluble factors [e.g., Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), sodium butyrate (NaB), and retinoic acid (RA)] known to affect BBB permeability and integrity. This in vitro biological model can be considered as a highly biomimetic recapitulation of the human NVU aiming to unravel brain pathophysiology mechanisms as well as improve testing and delivery of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Barberio
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Aimee Withers
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yash Mishra
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre-Olivier Couraud
- Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U567, Université René Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Ignacio A. Romero
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Babette Weksler
- Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Róisín M. Owens,
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21
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Pitsalidis C, van Niekerk D, Moysidou CM, Boys AJ, Withers A, Vallet R, Owens RM. Organic electronic transmembrane device for hosting and monitoring 3D cell cultures. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabo4761. [PMID: 36112689 PMCID: PMC9481123 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
3D cell models have made strides in the past decades in response to failures of 2D cultures to translate targets during the drug discovery process. Here, we report on a novel multiwell plate bioelectronic platform, namely, the e-transmembrane, capable of supporting and monitoring complex 3D cell architectures. Scaffolds made of PEDOT:PSS [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate] are microengineered to function as separating membranes for compartmentalized cell cultures, as well as electronic components for real-time in situ recordings of cell growth and function. Owing to the high surface area-to-volume ratio, the e-transmembrane allows generation of deep, stratified tissues within the porous bulk and cell polarization at the apico-basal domains. Impedance spectroscopy measurements carried out throughout the tissue growth identified signatures from different cellular systems and allowed extraction of critical functional parameters. This platform has the potential to become a universal tool for biologists for the next generation of high-throughput drug screening assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Physics and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Douglas van Niekerk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Chrysanthi-Maria Moysidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Alexander J. Boys
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Aimee Withers
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
| | | | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
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22
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Moysidou CM, Withers AM, Nisbet AJ, Price DRG, Bryant CE, Cantacessi C, Owens RM. Investigation of Host-Microbe-Parasite Interactions in an In Vitro 3D Model of the Vertebrate Gut. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2200015. [PMID: 35652159 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In vitro models of the gut-microbiome axis are in high demand. Conventionally, intestinal monolayers grown on Transwell setups are used to test the effects of commensals/pathogens on the barrier integrity, both under homeostatic and pathophysiological conditions. While such models remain valuable for deepening the understanding of host-microbe interactions, often, they lack key biological components that mediate this intricate crosstalk. Here, a 3D in vitro model of the vertebrate intestinal epithelium, interfaced with immune cells surviving in culture for over 3 weeks, is developed and applied to proof-of-concept studies of host-microbe interactions. More specifically, the establishment of stable host-microbe cocultures is described and functional and morphological changes in the intestinal barrier induced by the presence of commensal bacteria are shown. Finally, evidence is provided that the 3D vertebrate gut models can be used as platforms to test host-microbe-parasite interactions. Exposure of gut-immune-bacteria cocultures to helminth "excretory/secretory products" induces in vivo-like up-/down-regulation of certain cytokines. These findings support the robustness of the modular in vitro cell systems for investigating the dynamics of host-microbe crosstalk and pave the way toward new approaches for systems biology studies of pathogens that cannot be maintained in vitro, including parasitic helminths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysanthi-Maria Moysidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, West Cambridge Site, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Aimee M Withers
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, West Cambridge Site, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Alasdair J Nisbet
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Daniel R G Price
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Clare E Bryant
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge Veterinary School, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Cinzia Cantacessi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge Veterinary School, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, West Cambridge Site, CB3 0AS, UK
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23
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Bali K, Mohamed Z, Scheeder A, Pappa AM, Daniel S, Kaminski CF, Owens RM, Mela I. Nanoscale Features of Tunable Bacterial Outer Membrane Models Revealed by Correlative Microscopy. Langmuir 2022; 38:8773-8782. [PMID: 35748045 PMCID: PMC9330759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic resistance is a growing worldwide human health issue, with major socioeconomic implications. An understanding of the interactions occurring at the bacterial membrane is crucial for the generation of new antibiotics. Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) made from reconstituted lipid vesicles have been used to mimic these membranes, but their utility has been restricted by the simplistic nature of these systems. A breakthrough in the field has come with the use of outer membrane vesicles derived from Gram-negative bacteria to form SLBs, thus providing a more physiologically relevant system. These complex bilayer systems hold promise but have not yet been fully characterized in terms of their composition, ratio of natural to synthetic components, and membrane protein content. Here, we use correlative atomic force microscopy (AFM) with structured illumination microscopy (SIM) for the accurate mapping of complex lipid bilayers that consist of a synthetic fraction and a fraction of lipids derived from Escherichia coli outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). We exploit the high resolution and molecular specificity that SIM can offer to identify areas of interest in these bilayers and the enhanced resolution that AFM provides to create detailed topography maps of the bilayers. We are thus able to understand the way in which the two different lipid fractions (natural and synthetic) mix within the bilayers, and we can quantify the amount of bacterial membrane incorporated into the bilayer. We prove the system's tunability by generating bilayers made using OMVs engineered to contain a green fluorescent protein (GFP) binding nanobody fused with the porin OmpA. We are able to directly visualize protein-protein interactions between GFP and the nanobody complex. Our work sets the foundation for accurately understanding the composition and properties of OMV-derived SLBs to generate a high-resolution platform for investigating bacterial membrane interactions for the development of next-generation antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Bali
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Zeinab Mohamed
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Anna Scheeder
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University
of Science and Technology, Abu
Dhabi 127788, United Arab
Emirates
| | - Susan Daniel
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Ioanna Mela
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
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24
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Ghosh S, Mohamed Z, Shin JH, Bint E Naser SF, Bali K, Dörr T, Owens RM, Salleo A, Daniel S. Impedance sensing of antibiotic interactions with a pathogenic E. coli outer membrane supported bilayer. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 204:114045. [PMID: 35180690 PMCID: PMC9526520 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health concern due to the decreasing number of antibiotics available for therapeutic use as more drug-resistant bacteria develop. Changes in the membrane properties of Gram-negative bacteria can influence their response to antibiotics and give rise to resistance. Thus, understanding the interactions between the bacterial membrane and antibiotics is important for elucidating microbial membrane properties to use for designing novel antimicrobial drugs. To study bacterial membrane-antibiotic interactions, we created a surface-supported planar bacterial outer membrane model on an optically-transparent, conducting polymer surface (poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)). This model enables membrane characterization using fluorescence microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The membrane platform is fabricated using outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) isolated from clinically relevant Gram-negative bacteria, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. This approach enables us to mimic the native components of the bacterial membrane by incorporating native lipids, membrane proteins, and lipopolysaccharides. Using EIS, we determined membrane impedance and captured membrane-antibiotic interactions using the antibiotics polymyxin B, bacitracin, and meropenem. This sensor platform incorporates aspects of the biological complexity found in bacterial outer membranes and, by doing so, offers a powerful, biomimetic approach to the study of antimicrobial drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Ghosh
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Zeinab Mohamed
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jung-Ho Shin
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Microbiology, Cornell, University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Karan Bali
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tobias Dörr
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Microbiology, Cornell, University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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25
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Pitsalidis C, Pappa AM, Boys AJ, Fu Y, Moysidou CM, van Niekerk D, Saez J, Savva A, Iandolo D, Owens RM. Organic Bioelectronics for In Vitro Systems. Chem Rev 2021; 122:4700-4790. [PMID: 34910876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronics have made strides in improving clinical diagnostics and precision medicine. The potential of bioelectronics for bidirectional interfacing with biology through continuous, label-free monitoring on one side and precise control of biological activity on the other has extended their application scope to in vitro systems. The advent of microfluidics and the considerable advances in reliability and complexity of in vitro models promise to eventually significantly reduce or replace animal studies, currently the gold standard in drug discovery and toxicology testing. Bioelectronics are anticipated to play a major role in this transition offering a much needed technology to push forward the drug discovery paradigm. Organic electronic materials, notably conjugated polymers, having demonstrated technological maturity in fields such as solar cells and light emitting diodes given their outstanding characteristics and versatility in processing, are the obvious route forward for bioelectronics due to their biomimetic nature, among other merits. This review highlights the advances in conjugated polymers for interfacing with biological tissue in vitro, aiming ultimately to develop next generation in vitro systems. We showcase in vitro interfacing across multiple length scales, involving biological models of varying complexity, from cell components to complex 3D cell cultures. The state of the art, the possibilities, and the challenges of conjugated polymers toward clinical translation of in vitro systems are also discussed throughout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE
| | - Alexander J Boys
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.,Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K
| | - Chrysanthi-Maria Moysidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Douglas van Niekerk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Janire Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.,Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Miguel de Unamuno, 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Donata Iandolo
- INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, Université Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
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26
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Uribe J, Traberg WC, Hama A, Druet V, Mohamed Z, Ooi A, Pappa AM, Huerta M, Inal S, Owens RM, Daniel S. Dual Mode Sensing of Binding and Blocking of Cancer Exosomes to Biomimetic Human Primary Stem Cell Surfaces. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5585-5597. [PMID: 34802228 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-derived exosomes (cEXOs) facilitate transfer of information between tumor and human primary stromal cells, favoring cancer progression. Although the mechanisms used during this information exchange are still not completely understood, it is known that binding is the initial contact established between cEXOs and cells. Hence, studying binding and finding strategies to block it are of great therapeutic value. However, such studies are challenging for a variety of reasons, including the need for human primary cell culture, the difficulty in decoupling and isolating binding from internalization and cargo delivery, and the lack of techniques to detect these specific interactions. In this work, we created a supported biomimetic stem cell membrane incorporating membrane components from human primary adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). We formed the supported membrane on glass and on multielectrode arrays to offer the dual option of optical or electrical detection of cEXO binding to the membrane surface. Using our platform, we show that cEXOs bind to the stem cell membrane and that binding is blocked when an antibody to integrin β1, a component of ADSC surface, is exposed to the membrane surface prior to cEXOs. To test the biological outcome of blocking this interaction, we first confirm that adding cEXOs to cultured ADSCs leads to the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor, a measure of proangiogenic activity. Next, when ADSCs are first blocked with anti-integrin β1 and then exposed to cEXOs, the upregulation of proangiogenic activity and cell proliferation are significantly reduced. This biomimetic membrane platform is the first cell-free label-free in vitro platform for the recapitulation and study of cEXO binding to human primary stem cells with potential for therapeutic molecule screening as it is compatible with scale-up and multiplexing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johana Uribe
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-0001, United States
| | - Walther C Traberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Adel Hama
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Victor Druet
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeinab Mohamed
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-0001, United States
| | - Amanda Ooi
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Miriam Huerta
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-5201, United States
| | - Sahika Inal
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Daniel
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-0001, United States.,School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-5201, United States
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27
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Tang T, Savva A, Traberg WC, Xu C, Thiburce Q, Liu HY, Pappa AM, Martinelli E, Withers A, Cornelius M, Salleo A, Owens RM, Daniel S. Functional Infectious Nanoparticle Detector: Finding Viruses by Detecting Their Host Entry Functions Using Organic Bioelectronic Devices. ACS Nano 2021; 15:18142-18152. [PMID: 34694775 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Emerging viruses will continue to be a threat to human health and wellbeing into the foreseeable future. The COVID-19 pandemic revealed the necessity for rapid viral sensing and inhibitor screening in mitigating viral spread and impact. Here, we present a platform that uses a label-free electronic readout as well as a dual capability of optical (fluorescence) readout to sense the ability of a virus to bind and fuse with a host cell membrane, thereby sensing viral entry. This approach introduces a hitherto unseen level of specificity by distinguishing fusion-competent viruses from fusion-incompetent viruses. The ability to discern between competent and incompetent viruses means that this device could also be used for applications beyond detection, such as screening antiviral compounds for their ability to block virus entry mechanisms. Using optical means, we first demonstrate the ability to recapitulate the entry processes of influenza virus using a biomembrane containing the viral receptor that has been functionalized on a transparent organic bioelectronic device. Next, we detect virus membrane fusion, using the same, label-free devices. Using both reconstituted and native cell membranes as materials to functionalize organic bioelectronic devices, configured as electrodes and transistors, we measure changes in membrane properties when virus fusion is triggered by a pH drop, inducing hemagglutinin to undergo a conformational change that leads to membrane fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Tang
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Walther C Traberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Cheyan Xu
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Quentin Thiburce
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Han-Yuan Liu
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Eleonora Martinelli
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Aimee Withers
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mercedes Cornelius
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Saez J, Catalan-Carrio R, Owens RM, Basabe-Desmonts L, Benito-Lopez F. Microfluidics and materials for smart water monitoring: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1186:338392. [PMID: 34756264 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Water quality monitoring of drinking, waste, fresh and seawaters is of great importance to ensure safety and wellbeing for humans, fauna and flora. Researchers are developing robust water monitoring microfluidic devices but, the delivery of a cost-effective, commercially available platform has not yet been achieved. Conventional water monitoring is mainly based on laboratory instruments or sophisticated and expensive handheld probes for on-site analysis, both requiring trained personnel and being time-consuming. As an alternative, microfluidics has emerged as a powerful tool with the capacity to replace conventional analytical systems. Nevertheless, microfluidic devices largely use conventional pumps and valves for operation and electronics for sensing, that increment the dimensions and cost of the final platforms, reducing their commercialization perspectives. In this review, we critically analyze the characteristics of conventional microfluidic devices for water monitoring, focusing on different water sources (drinking, waste, fresh and seawaters), and their application in commercial products. Moreover, we introduce the revolutionary concept of using functional materials such as hydrogels, poly(ionic liquid) hydrogels and ionogels as alternatives to conventional fluidic handling and sensing tools, for water monitoring in microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janire Saez
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip (AMMa-LOAC), Group, Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain; Bioelectronic Systems Technology Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - Raquel Catalan-Carrio
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip (AMMa-LOAC), Group, Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain; Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Bioelectronic Systems Technology Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Basque Foundation for Science, IKERBASQUE, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
| | - Fernando Benito-Lopez
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip (AMMa-LOAC), Group, Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
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29
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Bint E Naser SF, Su H, Liu HY, Manzer ZA, Chao Z, Roy A, Pappa AM, Salleo A, Owens RM, Daniel S. Detection of Ganglioside-Specific Toxin Binding with Biomembrane-Based Bioelectronic Sensors. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2021; 4:7942-7950. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samavi Farnush Bint E Naser
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Hui Su
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Han-Yuan Liu
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Zachary A. Manzer
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Zhongmou Chao
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Arpita Roy
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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30
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Jayaram AK, Pappa AM, Ghosh S, Manzer ZA, Traberg WC, Knowles TPJ, Daniel S, Owens RM. Biomembranes in bioelectronic sensing. Trends Biotechnol 2021; 40:107-123. [PMID: 34229865 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cell membranes are integral to the functioning of the cell and are therefore key to drive fundamental understanding of biological processes for downstream applications. Here, we review the current state-of-the-art with respect to biomembrane systems and electronic substrates, with a view of how the field has evolved towards creating biomimetic conditions and improving detection sensitivity. Of particular interest are conducting polymers, a class of electroactive polymers, which have the potential to create the next step-change for bioelectronics devices. Lastly, we discuss the impact these types of devices could have for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Jayaram
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW, Cambridge, UK; Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0JH, UK
| | - A M Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, UK
| | - S Ghosh
- RF Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Z A Manzer
- RF Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - W C Traberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, UK
| | - T P J Knowles
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW, Cambridge, UK; Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0JH, UK
| | - S Daniel
- RF Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - R M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, UK.
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31
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Garcia-Hernando M, Saez J, Savva A, Basabe-Desmonts L, Owens RM, Benito-Lopez F. An electroactive and thermo-responsive material for the capture and release of cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 191:113405. [PMID: 34144472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive collection of target cells is crucial for research in biology and medicine. In this work, we combine a thermo-responsive material, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), with an electroactive material, poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiopene):poly(styrene sulfonate), to generate a smart and conductive copolymer for the label-free and non-invasive detection of the capture and release of cells on gold electrodes by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The copolymer is functionalized with fibronectin to capture tumor cells, and undergoes a conformational change in response to temperature, causing the release of cells. Simultaneously, the copolymer acts as a sensor, monitoring the capture and release of cancer cells by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This platform has the potential to play a role in top-notch label-free electrical monitoring of human cells in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite Garcia-Hernando
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip (AMMa-LOAC) Group, Analytical Chemistry Department, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena S/n, 48940, Leioa, Spain; Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Miguel de Unamuno, 3, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Janire Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Miguel de Unamuno, 3, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; BCMaterials, Basque Centre for Materials, Micro and Nanodevices, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940, Leioa, Spain; Basque Foundation of Science, IKERBASQUE, María Díaz Haroko Kalea, 3, 48013, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - Fernando Benito-Lopez
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip (AMMa-LOAC) Group, Analytical Chemistry Department, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena S/n, 48940, Leioa, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; BCMaterials, Basque Centre for Materials, Micro and Nanodevices, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
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32
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Abstract
Respiratory diseases and lower respiratory tract infections are among the leading cause of death worldwide and, especially given the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 pandemic, are of high and prevalent socio-economic importance. In vitro models, which accurately represent the lung microenvironment, are of increasing significance given the ethical concerns around animal work and the lack of translation to human disease, as well as the lengthy time to market and the attrition rates associated with clinical trials. This review gives an overview of the biological and immunological components involved in regulating the respiratory epithelium system in health, disease, and infection. The evolution from 2D to 3D cell biology and to more advanced technological integrated models for studying respiratory host-pathogen interactions are reviewed and provide a reference point for understanding the in vitro modeling requirements. Finally, the current limitations and future perspectives for advancing this field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Barron
- Bioassay Impurities and QualityBiopharmaceuticals DevelopmentR&DAstraZenecaCambridgeCB21 6GPUK
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyPhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
| | - Janire Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyPhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyPhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
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33
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Holloway PM, Willaime-Morawek S, Siow R, Barber M, Owens RM, Sharma AD, Rowan W, Hill E, Zagnoni M. Advances in microfluidic in vitro systems for neurological disease modeling. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:1276-1307. [PMID: 33583054 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are the leading cause of disability and the second largest cause of death worldwide. Despite significant research efforts, neurology remains one of the most failure-prone areas of drug development. The complexity of the human brain, boundaries to examining the brain directly in vivo, and the significant evolutionary gap between animal models and humans, all serve to hamper translational success. Recent advances in microfluidic in vitro models have provided new opportunities to study human cells with enhanced physiological relevance. The ability to precisely micro-engineer cell-scale architecture, tailoring form and function, has allowed for detailed dissection of cell biology using microphysiological systems (MPS) of varying complexities from single cell systems to "Organ-on-chip" models. Simplified neuronal networks have allowed for unique insights into neuronal transport and neurogenesis, while more complex 3D heterotypic cellular models such as neurovascular unit mimetics and "Organ-on-chip" systems have enabled new understanding of metabolic coupling and blood-brain barrier transport. These systems are now being developed beyond MPS toward disease specific micro-pathophysiological systems, moving from "Organ-on-chip" to "Disease-on-chip." This review gives an outline of current state of the art in microfluidic technologies for neurological disease research, discussing the challenges and limitations while highlighting the benefits and potential of integrating technologies. We provide examples of where such toolsets have enabled novel insights and how these technologies may empower future investigation into neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Holloway
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Richard Siow
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Melissa Barber
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anup D Sharma
- New Orleans BioInnovation Center, AxoSim Inc., New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Wendy Rowan
- Novel Human Genetics Research Unit, GSK R&D, Stevenage, UK
| | - Eric Hill
- School of Life and Health sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michele Zagnoni
- Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysanthi‐Maria Moysidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
| | - Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
| | - Mohammed Al‐Sharabi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
| | - Aimee M. Withers
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
| | - J. Axel Zeitler
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
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35
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Torricelli F, Adrahtas DZ, Bao Z, Berggren M, Biscarini F, Bonfiglio A, Bortolotti CA, Frisbie CD, Macchia E, Malliaras GG, McCulloch I, Moser M, Nguyen TQ, Owens RM, Salleo A, Spanu A, Torsi L. Electrolyte-gated transistors for enhanced performance bioelectronics. Nat Rev Methods Primers 2021; 1. [PMID: 35475166 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs), capable of transducing biological and biochemical inputs into amplified electronic signals and stably operating in aqueous environments, have emerged as fundamental building blocks in bioelectronics. In this Primer, the different EGT architectures are described with the fundamental mechanisms underpinning their functional operation, providing insight into key experiments including necessary data analysis and validation. Several organic and inorganic materials used in the EGT structures and the different fabrication approaches for an optimal experimental design are presented and compared. The functional bio-layers and/or biosystems integrated into or interfaced to EGTs, including self-organization and self-assembly strategies, are reviewed. Relevant and promising applications are discussed, including two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell monitoring, ultra-sensitive biosensors, electrophysiology, synaptic and neuromorphic bio-interfaces, prosthetics and robotics. Advantages, limitations and possible optimizations are also surveyed. Finally, current issues and future directions for further developments and applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Torricelli
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Demetra Z Adrahtas
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Fabio Biscarini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bonfiglio
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carlo A Bortolotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - C Daniel Frisbie
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eleonora Macchia
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - George G Malliaras
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maximilian Moser
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Spanu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
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36
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Pappa AM, Liu HY, Traberg-Christensen W, Thiburce Q, Savva A, Pavia A, Salleo A, Daniel S, Owens RM. Optical and Electronic Ion Channel Monitoring from Native Human Membranes. ACS Nano 2020; 14:12538-12545. [PMID: 32469490 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins represent a major target for modulating cell activity, both in terms of therapeutics drugs and for pathogen interactions. Work on screening such therapeutics or identifying toxins has been severely limited by the lack of available methods that would give high content information on functionality (ideally multimodal) and that are suitable for high-throughput. Here, we have demonstrated a platform that is capable of multimodal (optical and electronic) screening of ligand gated ion-channel activity in human-derived membranes. The TREK-1 ion-channel was expressed within supported lipid bilayers, formed via vesicle fusion of blebs obtained from the HEK cell line overexpressing TREK-1. The resulting reconstituted native membranes were confirmed via fluorescence recovery after photobleaching to form mobile bilayers on top of films of the polymeric electroactive transducer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). PEDOT:PSS electrodes were then used for quantitative electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements of ligand-mediated TREK-1 interactions with two compounds, spadin and arachidonic acid, known to suppress and activate TREK-1 channels, respectively. PEDOT:PSS-based organic electrochemical transistors were then used for combined optical and electronic measurements of TREK-1 functionality. The technology demonstrated here is highly promising for future high-throughput screening of transmembrane protein modulators owing to the robust nature of the membrane integrated device and the highly quantitative electrical signals obtained. This is in contrast with live-cell-based electrophysiology assays (e.g., patch clamp) which compare poorly in terms of cost, usability, and compatibility with optical transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Han-Yuan Liu
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Walther Traberg-Christensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Quentin Thiburce
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Aimie Pavia
- Department of Flexible Electronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, 13541 Gardanne, France
- Panaxium SAS, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
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37
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Liu HY, Pappa AM, Pavia A, Pitsalidis C, Thiburce Q, Salleo A, Owens RM, Daniel S. Self-Assembly of Mammalian-Cell Membranes on Bioelectronic Devices with Functional Transmembrane Proteins. Langmuir 2020; 36:7325-7331. [PMID: 32388991 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins (TMPs) regulate processes occurring at the cell surface and are essential gatekeepers of information flow across the membrane. TMPs are difficult to study, given the complex environment of the membrane and its influence on protein conformation, mobility, biomolecule interaction, and activity. For the first time, we create mammalian biomembranes supported on a transparent, electrically conducting polymer surface, which enables dual electrical and optical monitoring of TMP function in its native membrane environment. Mammalian plasma membrane vesicles containing ATP-gated P2X2 ion channels self-assemble on a biocompatible polymer cushion that transduces the changes in ion flux during ATP exposure. This platform maintains the complexity of the native plasma membrane, the fluidity of its constituents, and protein orientation critical to ion channel function. We demonstrate the dual-modality readout using microscopy to characterize protein mobility by single-particle tracking and sensing of ATP gating of P2X2 using electrical impedance spectroscopy. This measurement of TMP activity important for pain sensing, neurological activity, and sensory activity raises new possibilities for drug screening and biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yuan Liu
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, UK
| | - Aimie Pavia
- Department of Flexible Electronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, 13541 Gardanne, France
- Panaxium SAS, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, UK
| | - Quentin Thiburce
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Meazzini I, Comby S, Richards KD, Withers AM, Turquet FX, Houston JE, Owens RM, Evans RC. Synthesis and characterisation of biocompatible organic-inorganic core-shell nanocomposite particles based on ureasils. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:4908-4916. [PMID: 32315019 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00100g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic core-shell nanocomposites have attracted increasing attention for applications in imaging, controlled release, biomedical scaffolds and self-healing materials. While tunable properties can readily be achieved through the selection of complementary building blocks, synergistic enhancement requires management of the core-shell interface. In this work, we report a one-pot method to fabricate hybrid core-shell nanocomposite particles (CSNPs) based on ureasils. The native structure of ureasils, which are poly(oxyalkylene)/siloxane hybrids, affords formation of an organic polymer core via nanoprecipitation, while the terminal siloxane groups act as a template for nucleation and growth of the silica shell via the Stöber process. Through optimisation of the reaction conditions, we demonstrate the reproducible synthesis of ureasil CSNPs, with a hydrodynamic diameter of ∼150 nm and polydispersity <0.2, which remain electrostatically stabilised in aqueous media for >50 days. Selective functionalisation, either through the physical entrapment of polarity-sensitive fluorescent probes (coumarin 153, pyrene) or covalent-grafting to the silica shell (fluorescein isothiocyanate) is also demonstrated and provides insight into the internal environment of the particles. Moreover, preliminary studies using a live/dead cell assay indicate that ureasil CSNPs do not display cytotoxicity. Given the simple fabrication method and the structural tunability and biocompatability of the ureasils, this approach presents an efficient route to multifunctional core-shell nanocomposite particles whose properties may be tailored for a targeted application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Meazzini
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK. and School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Steve Comby
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Kieran D Richards
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
| | - Aimee M Withers
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | | | | | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Rachel C Evans
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
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Su H, Liu HY, Pappa AM, Hidalgo TC, Cavassin P, Inal S, Owens RM, Daniel S. Facile Generation of Biomimetic-Supported Lipid Bilayers on Conducting Polymer Surfaces for Membrane Biosensing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:43799-43810. [PMID: 31659897 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Membrane biosensors that can rapidly sense pathogen interaction and disrupting agents are needed to identify and screen new drugs to combat antibiotic resistance. Bioelectronic devices have the capability to read out both ionic and electrical signals, but their compatibility with biological membranes is somewhat limited. Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) have served as useful biomimetics for a myriad of research topics involving biological membranes. However, SLBs are traditionally made on inert, rigid, inorganic surfaces. Here, we demonstrate a versatile and facile method for generating SLBs on a conducting polymer device using a solvent-assisted lipid bilayer (SALB) technique. We use this bioelectronic device to form both mammalian and bacterial membrane mimetics to sense the membrane interactions with a bacterial toxin (α-hemolysin) and an antibiotic compound (polymyxin B), respectively. Our results show that we can form high quality bilayers of both types and sense these particular interactions with them, discriminating between pore formation, in the case of α-hemolysin, and disruption of the bilayer, in the case of polymyxin B. The SALB formation method is compatible with many membrane compositions that will not form via common vesicle fusion methods and works well in microfluidic devices. This, combined with the massive parallelization possible for the fabrication of electronic devices, can lead to miniaturized multiplexed devices for rapid data acquisition necessary to identify antibiotic targets that specifically disrupt bacterial, but not mammalian membranes, or identify bacterial toxins that strongly interact with mammalian membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Han-Yuan Liu
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0AS , U.K
| | - Tania Cecilia Hidalgo
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal , Makkah Province 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Priscila Cavassin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0AS , U.K
| | - Sahika Inal
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal , Makkah Province 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0AS , U.K
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
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40
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Tan E, Pappa A, Pitsalidis C, Nightingale J, Wood S, Castro FA, Owens RM, Kim J. A highly sensitive molecular structural probe applied to in situ biosensing of metabolites using PEDOT:PSS. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 117:291-299. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ellasia Tan
- Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic ElectronicsImperial College London London United Kingdom
| | - Anna‐Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyPhilippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyPhilippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - James Nightingale
- Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic ElectronicsImperial College London London United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyPhilippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - Ji‐Seon Kim
- Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic ElectronicsImperial College London London United Kingdom
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41
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Pitsalidis C, Pappa AM, Porel M, Artim CM, Faria GC, Duong DT, Alabi CA, Daniel S, Salleo A, Owens RM. Biomimetic Electronic Devices for Measuring Bacterial Membrane Disruption. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1808234. [PMID: 30861227 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201808234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Pitsalidis C, Pappa AM, Porel M, Artim CM, Faria GC, Duong DD, Alabi CA, Daniel S, Salleo A, Owens RM. Biomimetic Electronic Devices for Measuring Bacterial Membrane Disruption. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1803130. [PMID: 30117203 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic discovery has experienced a severe slowdown in terms of discovery of new candidates. In vitro screening methods using phospholipids to model the bacterial membrane provide a route to identify molecules that specifically disrupt bacterial membranes causing cell death. Thanks to the electrically insulating properties of the major component of the cell membrane, phospholipids, electronic devices are highly suitable transducers of membrane disruption. The organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) is a highly sensitive ion-to-electron converter. Here, the OECT is used as a transducer of the permeability of a lipid monolayer (ML) at a liquid:liquid interface, designed to read out changes in ion flux caused by compounds that interact with, and disrupt, lipid assembly. This concept is illustrated using the well-documented antibiotic Polymixin B and the highly sensitive quantitation of permeability of the lipid ML induced by two novel recently described antibacterial amine-based oligothioetheramides is shown, highlighting molecular scale differences in their disruption capabilities. It is anticipated that this platform has the potential to play a role in front-line antimicrobial compound design and characterization thanks to the compatibility of semiconductor microfabrication technology with high-throughput readouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mintu Porel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Olin hall, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Christine M Artim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Olin hall, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Gregorio C Faria
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Duc D Duong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Christopher A Alabi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Olin hall, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Susan Daniel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Olin hall, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS, Cambridge, UK
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del Agua I, Marina S, Pitsalidis C, Mantione D, Ferro M, Iandolo D, Sanchez-Sanchez A, Malliaras GG, Owens RM, Mecerreyes D. Conducting Polymer Scaffolds Based on Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and Xanthan Gum for Live-Cell Monitoring. ACS Omega 2018; 3:7424-7431. [PMID: 30087913 PMCID: PMC6068595 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Conducting polymer scaffolds can promote cell growth by electrical stimulation, which is advantageous for some specific type of cells such as neurons, muscle, or cardiac cells. As an additional feature, the measure of their impedance has been demonstrated as a tool to monitor cell growth within the scaffold. In this work, we present innovative conducting polymer porous scaffolds based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT):xanthan gum instead of the well-known PEDOT:polystyrene sulfonate scaffolds. These novel scaffolds combine the conductivity of PEDOT and the mechanical support and biocompatibility provided by a polysaccharide, xanthan gum. For this purpose, first, the oxidative chemical polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene was carried out in the presence of polysaccharides leading to stable PEDOT:xanthan gum aqueous dispersions. Then, by a simple freeze-drying process, porous scaffolds were prepared from these dispersions. Our results indicated that the porosity of the scaffolds and mechanical properties are tuned by the solid content and formulation of the initial PEDOT:polysaccharide dispersion. Scaffolds showed interconnected pore structure with tunable sizes ranging between 10 and 150 μm and Young's moduli between 10 and 45 kPa. These scaffolds successfully support three-dimensional cell cultures of MDCK II eGFP and MDCK II LifeAct epithelial cells, achieving good cell attachment with very high degree of pore coverage. Interestingly, by measuring the impedance of the synthesized PEDOT scaffolds, the growth of the cells could be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel del Agua
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-san Sebastian, Spain
- Department
of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure
des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France
- Panaxium
SAS, 67 Cours Mirabeau, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Sara Marina
- Department
of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure
des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France
| | - Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department
of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure
des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Daniele Mantione
- Department
of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure
des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France
- Laboratoire
de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université Bordeaux/CNRS/INP, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, Bâtiment
B8, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Magali Ferro
- Department
of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure
des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France
| | - Donata Iandolo
- Department
of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure
des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Ana Sanchez-Sanchez
- Department
of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure
des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France
- Department
of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, U.K.
| | - George G. Malliaras
- Department
of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure
des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France
- Department
of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, U.K.
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department
of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure
des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-san Sebastian, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
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Pappa AM, Ohayon D, Giovannitti A, Maria IP, Savva A, Uguz I, Rivnay J, McCulloch I, Owens RM, Inal S. Direct metabolite detection with an n-type accumulation mode organic electrochemical transistor. Sci Adv 2018; 4:eaat0911. [PMID: 29942860 PMCID: PMC6014717 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat0911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The inherent specificity and electrochemical reversibility of enzymes poise them as the biorecognition element of choice for a wide range of metabolites. To use enzymes efficiently in biosensors, the redox centers of the protein should have good electrical communication with the transducing electrode, which requires either the use of mediators or tedious biofunctionalization approaches. We report an all-polymer micrometer-scale transistor platform for the detection of lactate, a significant metabolite in cellular metabolic pathways associated with critical health care conditions. The device embodies a new concept in metabolite sensing where we take advantage of the ion-to-electron transducing qualities of an electron-transporting (n-type) organic semiconductor and the inherent amplification properties of an ion-to-electron converting device, the organic electrochemical transistor. The n-type polymer incorporates hydrophilic side chains to enhance ion transport/injection, as well as to facilitate enzyme conjugation. The material is capable of accepting electrons of the enzymatic reaction and acts as a series of redox centers capable of switching between the neutral and reduced state. The result is a fast, selective, and sensitive metabolite sensor. The advantage of this device compared to traditional amperometric sensors is the amplification of the input signal endowed by the electrochemical transistor circuit and the design simplicity obviating the need for a reference electrode. The combination of redox enzymes and electron-transporting polymers will open up an avenue not only for the field of biosensors but also for the development of enzyme-based electrocatalytic energy generation/storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Pappa
- Department of Bioelectronics, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines, Centre Microélectronique de Provence, Gardanne 13541, France
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
| | - David Ohayon
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander Giovannitti
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Iuliana Petruta Maria
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ilke Uguz
- Department of Bioelectronics, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines, Centre Microélectronique de Provence, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - Jonathan Rivnay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Bioelectronics, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines, Centre Microélectronique de Provence, Gardanne 13541, France
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Sahika Inal
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Three dimensional cell culture systems have witnessed rapid expansion in the fields of tissue engineering and drug testing owing to their inherent ability to mimic native tissue microenvironments. High throughput technologies have also facilitated rapid and reproducible generation of spheroids and subsequently their use as in vitro tissue models in drug screening platforms. However, drug screening technologies are in need of monitoring platforms to study these 3D culture models. In this work we present a novel platform to measure the electrical impedance of 3D spheroids, through the use of a planar organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) and a novel circular-shaped microtrap. A new strategy was generated to overcome incompatibility of the integration of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microdevices with OECT fabrication. The impedance platform for 3D spheroids was tested by using spheroids formed from mono-cultures of fibroblast and epithelial cells, as well as co-culture of the two cell types. We validated the platform by showing its ability to measure the spheroid resistance (Rsph) of the 3D spheroids and differences in Rsph were found to be related to the ion permeability of the spheroid. Additionally, we showed the potential use of the platform for the on-line Rsph monitoring when a co-culture spheroid was exposed to a porogenic agent affecting the integrity of the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- V F Curto
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
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Pas J, Pitsalidis C, Koutsouras DA, Quilichini PP, Santoro F, Cui B, Gallais L, O'Connor RP, Malliaras GG, Owens RM. Neurospheres on Patterned PEDOT:PSS Microelectrode Arrays Enhance Electrophysiology Recordings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jolien Pas
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Dimitrios A. Koutsouras
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | | | - Francesca Santoro
- Department of Chemistry; Stanford University; Stanford CA 94305 USA
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare; Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Naples 80125 Italy
| | - Bianxiao Cui
- Department of Chemistry; Stanford University; Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Laurent Gallais
- Aix Marseille Univ; CNRS, Centrale Marseille; Institut Fresnel; 13397 Marseille Cedex 20 France
| | - Rodney P. O'Connor
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - George G. Malliaras
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
- Electrical Engineering Division; University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB3 0FA UK
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Curto VF, Marchiori B, Hama A, Pappa AM, Ferro MP, Braendlein M, Rivnay J, Fiocchi M, Malliaras GG, Ramuz M, Owens RM. Organic transistor platform with integrated microfluidics for in-line multi-parametric in vitro cell monitoring. Microsyst Nanoeng 2017; 3:17028. [PMID: 31057869 PMCID: PMC6445009 DOI: 10.1038/micronano.2017.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Future drug discovery and toxicology testing could benefit significantly from more predictive and multi-parametric readouts from in vitro models. Despite the recent advances in the field of microfluidics, and more recently organ-on-a-chip technology, there is still a high demand for real-time monitoring systems that can be readily embedded with microfluidics. In addition, multi-parametric monitoring is essential to improve the predictive quality of the data used to inform clinical studies that follow. Here we present a microfluidic platform integrated with in-line electronic sensors based on the organic electrochemical transistor. Our goals are two-fold, first to generate a platform to host cells in a more physiologically relevant environment (using physiologically relevant fluid shear stress (FSS)) and second to show efficient integration of multiple different methods for assessing cell morphology, differentiation, and integrity. These include optical imaging, impedance monitoring, metabolite sensing, and a wound-healing assay. We illustrate the versatility of this multi-parametric monitoring in giving us increased confidence to validate the improved differentiation of cells toward a physiological profile under FSS, thus yielding more accurate data when used to assess the effect of drugs or toxins. Overall, this platform will enable high-content screening for in vitro drug discovery and toxicology testing and bridges the existing gap in the integration of in-line sensors in microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo F. Curto
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - Bastien Marchiori
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
- Flexible Electronics Department, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - Adel Hama
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - Magali P. Ferro
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - Marcel Braendlein
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - Jonathan Rivnay
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - Michel Fiocchi
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - George G. Malliaras
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - Marc Ramuz
- Flexible Electronics Department, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Avenue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
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48
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Uguz I, Proctor CM, Curto VF, Pappa AM, Donahue MJ, Ferro M, Owens RM, Khodagholy D, Inal S, Malliaras GG. A Microfluidic Ion Pump for In Vivo Drug Delivery. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1701217. [PMID: 28503731 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201701217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Implantable devices offer an alternative to systemic delivery of drugs for the treatment of neurological disorders. A microfluidic ion pump (µFIP), capable of delivering a drug without the solvent through electrophoresis, is developed. The device is characterized in vitro by delivering γ-amino butyric acid to a target solution, and demonstrates low-voltage operation, high drug-delivery capacity, and high ON/OFF ratio. It is also demonstrated that the device is suitable for cortical delivery in vivo by manipulating the local ion concentration in an animal model and altering neural behavior. These results show that µFIPs represent a significant step forward toward the development of implantable drug-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilke Uguz
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541, Gardanne, France
| | - Christopher M Proctor
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541, Gardanne, France
| | - Vincenzo F Curto
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541, Gardanne, France
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541, Gardanne, France
| | - Mary J Donahue
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541, Gardanne, France
| | - Magali Ferro
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541, Gardanne, France
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541, Gardanne, France
| | - Dion Khodagholy
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Sahika Inal
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - George G Malliaras
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541, Gardanne, France
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49
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Inal S, Hama A, Ferro M, Pitsalidis C, Oziat J, Iandolo D, Pappa AM, Hadida M, Huerta M, Marchat D, Mailley P, Owens RM. 3D Cell Culture: Conducting Polymer Scaffolds for Hosting and Monitoring 3D Cell Culture (Adv. Biosys. 6/2017). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201770038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahika Inal
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Hama
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Magali Ferro
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Julie Oziat
- CEA; LETI; MINATEC Campus; 38054 Grenoble France
| | - Donata Iandolo
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Mikhael Hadida
- Laboratoire Sainbiose; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CIS-EMSE; St. Etienne 42023 France
| | - Miriam Huerta
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis; Cinvestav 14-740, 070000 Mexico
| | - David Marchat
- Laboratoire Sainbiose; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CIS-EMSE; St. Etienne 42023 France
| | | | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
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50
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Inal S, Hama A, Ferro M, Pitsalidis C, Oziat J, Iandolo D, Pappa AM, Hadida M, Huerta M, Marchat D, Mailley P, Owens RM. Conducting Polymer Scaffolds for Hosting and Monitoring 3D Cell Culture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahika Inal
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Hama
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Magali Ferro
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Julie Oziat
- CEA; LETI; MINATEC Campus; 38054 Grenoble France
| | - Donata Iandolo
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
| | - Mikhael Hadida
- Laboratoire Sainbiose; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CIS-EMSE; St. Etienne 42023 France
| | - Miriam Huerta
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis; Cinvestav 14-740, 070000 Mexico
| | - David Marchat
- Laboratoire Sainbiose; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CIS-EMSE; St. Etienne 42023 France
| | | | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines; CMP-EMSE; Gardanne 13541 France
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