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Inabu Y, Kurosu K, Osawa R, Hasunuma T, Tsuji N, Funo H, Nishimura K, Kushibiki S, Kawashima K, Sugino T. Effect of kraft pulp inclusion in calf starter on performance, health, and plasma concentration of glucagon-like peptide 2 in calves. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:4443-4453. [PMID: 37080779 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Kraft pulp (KP), an intermediate product obtained when wood chips are converted to paper, contains highly digestible fiber. This study evaluated the effect of KP inclusion in calf starters on growth performance, health, and plasma glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) concentration in calves. Twenty-five Holstein heifer calves were raised on a high plane of nutrition program using milk replacer containing 29% crude protein and 18% fat until 49 d after birth, and were fed calf starters containing KP at 0 (CON; n = 14) or 12% (KPS; n = 11) on a dry matter basis. All calves were fed the treatment calf starters and timothy hay ad libitum. Blood was collected at 4, 14, 21, 35, 49, 70, and 91 d after birth. Dry matter intake (DMI) of milk replacer and hay was not affected by treatment, whereas calf starter DMI was lower for KPS (0.93 kg/d) than for CON (1.03 kg/d). Higher neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content in KPS (31.7%) than in the CON starter (22.1%) resulted in higher NDF intake for KPS (0.55 kg/d) than for CON (0.47 kg/d). However, the consumption of starch was lower for KPS (0.29 kg/d) than for CON (0.33 kg/d). Despite the lower starter intake for KPS, body weight and average daily gain did not differ between treatments. No significant difference was observed in the plasma concentrations of metabolites, except for β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB); BHB concentration was lower for KPS (216 μmol/L) than for CON (257 μmol/L). The area under the curve for plasma GLP-2 concentration was higher for KPS (54.1 ng/mL × d) than for CON (36.0 ng/mL × d). Additionally, the fecal score postweaning (1.19 and 1.48 for KPS and CON, respectively) and the number of days that calves developed diarrhea throughout the experimental period (2.50 d and 8.10 d for KPS and CON, respectively) were lower for KPS than for CON. These results indicate that feeding KP reduces the severity and frequency of diarrhea without adversely affecting growth performance. This could be attributed to the increased plasma GLP-2 concentration induced by higher NDF intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Inabu
- Kuju Agricultural Research Center, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Oita, Japan 878-0201; Dairy Nutrition and Feeding Management, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Japan 739-8528
| | - K Kurosu
- Nippon Paper Industries Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 114-0002
| | - R Osawa
- Saitama Prefectural Agricultural Technology Research Center, Saitama, Japan 360-0102
| | - T Hasunuma
- Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center, Toyama, Japan 939-2622
| | - N Tsuji
- Yamanashi Livestock and Dairy Farming Technology Center, Yamanashi, Japan 408-0021
| | - H Funo
- Shimane Prefectural Eastern Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Promotion Center, Yunnan Office, Shimane, Japan 693-0031
| | - K Nishimura
- Miyazaki Livestock Research Institute, Miyazaki, Japan 889-4411
| | - S Kushibiki
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Ibaraki, Japan 305-0901
| | - K Kawashima
- Chiba Prefectural Livestock Research Center, Chiba, Japan 289-1113
| | - T Sugino
- Dairy Nutrition and Feeding Management, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Japan 739-8528.
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Barrocas BT, Osawa R, Oliveira MC, Monteiro OC. Enhancing Removal of Pollutants by Combining Photocatalysis and Photo-Fenton Using Co, Fe-Doped Titanate Nanowires. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:2051. [PMID: 36903166 PMCID: PMC10004198 DOI: 10.3390/ma16052051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to improve their photocatalytic performance, titanate nanowires (TNW) were modified by Fe and Co (co)-doping, FeTNW, CoTNW and CoFeTNW samples, using a hydrothermal methodology. XRD characterization agrees with the existence of Fe and Co in the lattice structure.and the existence of Co2+ together with the presence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in the structure was confirmed by XPS. The optical characterization of the modified powders shows the impact of the d-d transitions of both metals in the absorption properties of TNW, mainly in the creation of additional 3d energetic levels within the prohibited zone. The effect of the doping metal(s) in the recombination rate of photo-generated charge carriers suggests a higher impact of Fe presence when compared to Co. The photocatalytic characterization of the prepared samples was evaluated via the removal of acetaminophen. Furthermore, a mixture containing both acetaminophen and caffeine, a well-known commercial combination, was also tested. CoFeTNW sample was the best photocatalyst for the degradation of acetaminophen in both situations. A mechanism for the photo-activation of the modified semiconductor is discussed and a model proposed. It was concluded that both Co and Fe are essential, within the TNW structure, for the successful removal of acetaminophen and caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. T. Barrocas
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R. Osawa
- FT-ICR and Structural Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M. Conceição Oliveira
- Centro Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - O. C. Monteiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Saitoh H, Nishiura M, Nakazawa T, Morikawa J, Yoshida Z, Osawa R. Electro-optic Bdot probe measurement of magnetic fluctuations in plasma. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:103540. [PMID: 36319310 DOI: 10.1063/5.0089031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We propose a combined use of a Pockels electro-optic sensor with a pickup loop coil (Bdot probe) for the measurement of magnetic fluctuations in plasmas. In this method, induced fluctuating voltage on the coil loop is converted into an optical signal by a compact electro-optic sensor in the vicinity of the measurement point and is transferred across optical fiber that is unaffected by electric noise or capacitive load issues. Compared with conventional Bdot probes, the electro-optic Bdot probe (1) is electrically isolated and free from noise pickup caused by the metallic transmission line and (2) can be operated at a higher-frequency range because of the smaller capacitance of the operation circuit, both of which are suitable for many plasma experiments. Conversely, the sensitivity of the current electro-optic Bdot probe arrangement is still significantly lower than that of conventional Bdot probes. A preliminary measurement result with the electro-optic Bdot probe showed the detection of a magnetic fluctuation signal around the cyclotron frequency range in the RT-1 magnetospheric plasma experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Saitoh
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M Nishiura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T Nakazawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - J Morikawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Z Yoshida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - R Osawa
- Seikoh Giken Co., Ltd., 296-1 Matsuhidai, Matsudo, Chiba 270-2214, Japan
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Nishiura M, Yoshida Z, Mushiake T, Kawazura Y, Osawa R, Fujinami K, Yano Y, Saitoh H, Yamasaki M, Kashyap A, Takahashi N, Nakatsuka M, Fukuyama A. Electro-optic probe measurements of electric fields in plasmas. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:023501. [PMID: 28249485 DOI: 10.1063/1.4974740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The direct measurements of high-frequency electric fields in a plasma bring about significant advances in the physics and engineering of various waves. We have developed an electro-optic sensor system based on the Pockels effect. Since the signal is transmitted through an optical fiber, the system has high tolerance for electromagnetic noises. To demonstrate its applicability to plasma experiments, we report the first result of measurement of the ion-cyclotron wave excited in the RT-1 magnetosphere device. This study compares the results of experimental field measurements with simulation results of electric fields in plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nishiura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Z Yoshida
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - T Mushiake
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Y Kawazura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - R Osawa
- SEIKOH GIKEN Co., Ltd., Matsudo, Chiba 270-2214, Japan
| | - K Fujinami
- SEIKOH GIKEN Co., Ltd., Matsudo, Chiba 270-2214, Japan
| | - Y Yano
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - H Saitoh
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - A Kashyap
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - N Takahashi
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M Nakatsuka
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - A Fukuyama
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
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Osawa R, Wagener M, Singh N. Cytomegalovirus Infection in Patients with Sepsis Due to Bloodstream Infections: Lower Risk and Better Outcomes in New versus Already Hospitalised Intensive Care Unit Admissions. Anaesth Intensive Care 2016; 44:571-80. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1604400514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have examined cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation exclusively in immunocompetent patients with sepsis due to bloodstream infections. In a cohort of CMV-seropositive critically ill otherwise non-immunosuppressed patients with sepsis due to bloodstream infection, weekly testing for CMV viraemia was performed. Outcomes were assessed at 30 days or until death/discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU). CMV viraemia developed in 20% (20/100) of the patients. Age ( P=0.044) and blood transfusions ( P=0.022) were significantly associated with CMV viraemia. There was no difference in the primary endpoint (mortality and/or multi-organ failure) between patients with and without CMV viraemia ( P=0.49). However, CMV viraemia was associated with significantly fewer ICU-free days ( P=0.023) and fewer ventilator-free days ( P=0.031). Patients hospitalised in the ICU for more than 48 hours prior to the onset of bloodstream infection were more likely to develop CMV viraemia ( P=0.006), have high-grade viraemia ( P=0.010), and fewer ICU-free days ( P=0.018) and ventilator-free days ( P=0.029) than those admitted within 48 hours of bloodstream infection. Thus, CMV reactivation was associated with fewer ICU- and ventilator-free days, however overall mortality was not affected. Patients already in the ICU at the onset of sepsis had higher risk of CMV reactivation and worse outcomes than new ICU-bound patients suggesting that a targeted approach for interventions for CMV could conceivably be directed towards those with a more protracted course of illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Osawa
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - M. Wagener
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - N. Singh
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
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Takashima S, Nishie W, Morita Y, Osawa R, Iwata H, Fujita Y, Fujimoto K, Shimizu H. Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis in a patient with mycosis fungoides. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30:712-3. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Takashima
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - W. Nishie
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Y. Morita
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - R. Osawa
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - H. Iwata
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Y. Fujita
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - K. Fujimoto
- Department of Haematology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - H. Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
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Miyauchi T, Nishie W, Sakata M, Osawa R, Noguchi A, Shimizu H. Sweet syndrome-like eruption with prominent dermal leukocytoclasis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Dermatol 2015; 42:442-3. [PMID: 25676440 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshinari Miyauchi
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Nomura T, Yoneta A, Pohler E, Suzuki S, Osawa R, Mizuno O, Ohguchi Y, Nomura Y, Yamashita T, McLean WHI, Shimizu H. Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type 1: a novel AAGAB mutation and efficacy of etretinate. Acta Derm Venereol 2015; 95:110-1. [PMID: 24573067 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15 West, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan. ,
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Takashima S, Iwata H, Sakata M, Osawa R, Nishie W, Shimizu H. Widespread erythema ab igne caused by hot bathing. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:2259-61. [PMID: 24851715 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Takashima
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - H. Iwata
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - M. Sakata
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - R. Osawa
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - W. Nishie
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - H. Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
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Haga N, Nishie W, Hata H, Miyauchi T, Muramatsu K, Kitamura S, Osawa R, Shimizu H. Two cases of pseudolymphoma on the lips. Br J Dermatol 2014; 170:1204-6. [PMID: 24428492 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Haga
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, N15W7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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Abstract
Congenital molluscum contagiosum is rare but has been reported previously. We present a unique case of linear congenital molluscum on the coccygeal region. To make a correct diagnosis, avoid unnecessary examination, and start appropriate treatment as soon as possible, it is beneficial for dermatologists to be aware that molluscum contagiosum can present at birth and can be linear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Ujiie
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Koguchi H, Ujiie H, Aoyagi S, Osawa R, Shimizu H. Characteristic findings of handprint and dermoscopy in reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura. Clin Exp Dermatol 2013; 39:85-7. [PMID: 23746125 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Koguchi
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Koguchi H, Ujiie H, Aoyagi S, Osawa R, Shimizu H. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis associated with 15q tetrasomy syndrome. Acta Derm Venereol 2013; 93:202-3. [PMID: 22965828 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Toyama K, Yonezawa A, Masuda S, Osawa R, Hosokawa M, Fujimoto S, Inagaki N, Inui K, Katsura T. Loss of multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (MATE1) is associated with metformin-induced lactic acidosis. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 166:1183-91. [PMID: 22242910 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01853.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND PURPOSE Lactic acidosis is a fatal adverse effect of metformin, but the risk factor remains unclear. Multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (MATE1) is expressed in the luminal membrane of the kidney and liver. MATE1 was revealed to be responsible for the tubular and biliary secretion of metformin. Therefore, some MATE polymorphisms, that cause it to function abnormally, are hypothesized to induce lactic acidosis. The purpose of this study is to clarify the association between MATE dysfunction and metformin-induced lactic acidosis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Blood lactate, pH and bicarbonate ion (HCO(3) (-) ) levels were evaluated during continuous administration of 3 mg·mL(-1) metformin in drinking water using Mate1 knockout (-/-), heterozygous (+/-) and wild-type (+/+) mice. To determine the tissue accumulation of metformin, mice were given 400 mg·kg(-1) metformin orally. Furthermore, blood lactate data were obtained from diabetic patients given metformin. KEY RESULTS Seven days after metformin administration in drinking water, significantly higher blood lactate, lower pH and HCO(3) (-) levels were observed in Mate1(-/-) mice, but not in Mate1(+/-) mice. The blood lactate levels were not affected in patients with the heterozygous MATE variant (MATE1-L125F, MATE1-G64D, MATE2-K-G211V). Sixty minutes after metformin administration (400 mg·kg(-1) , p.o.) the hepatic concentration of metformin was markedly higher in Mate1(-/-) mice than in Mate1(+/+) mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS MATE1 dysfunction caused a marked elevation in the metformin concentration in the liver and led to lactic acidosis, suggesting that the homozygous MATE1 variant could be one of the risk factors for metformin-induced lactic acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Toyama
- Department of Pharmacy, Kyoto University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Abstract
Filaggrin is a key protein that facilitates terminal differentiation of the epidermis and formation of the skin barrier. Mutations in the gene encoding filaggrin (FLG) have been identified as the cause of ichthyosis vulgaris (IV) and have been shown to be major predisposing factors for atopic dermatitis (AD). Approximately 40 loss-of-function FLG mutations have been identified in patients with ichthyosis vulgaris (IV) and/or atopic dermatitis (AD) in Europe and Asia. Major differences exist in the spectra of FLG mutations observed between different ancestral groups. Notably, prevalent FLG mutations are distinct between European and Asian populations. Many cohort studies on FLG mutations in AD have revealed that approximately 25-50% of AD patients harbour filaggrin mutations as a predisposing factor. In addition, FLG mutations are significantly associated with AD-associated asthma. The risk for developing allergic rhinitis is also significantly higher with a FLG mutation, both with and without accompanying AD. Recent studies have hypothesized that skin barrier defects caused by FLG mutations allows allergens to penetrate the epidermis and to interact with antigen-presenting cells, leading to the development of atopic disorders including asthma. The restoration of skin barrier function seems a feasible and promising strategy for prophylactic treatment of AD patients with FLG mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinko Osawa
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
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Osawa R, Akiyama M, Yamanaka Y, Ujiie H, Nemoto-Hasebe I, Takeda A, Yanagi T, Shimizu H. A novel PTPN11 missense mutation in a patient with LEOPARD syndrome. Br J Dermatol 2009; 161:1202-4. [PMID: 19659470 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09385.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Osawa
- Departments of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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Yamane N, Kato N, Nishimura M, Ito M, Yanagi T, Osawa R. Primary cutaneous CD30+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma with generalized skin involvement and involvement of one peripheral lymph node, successfully treated with low-dose oral etoposide. Clin Exp Dermatol 2009; 34:e56-9. [PMID: 19438576 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.03182.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous CD30+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (PCALCL) in adults is rare, and the prognosis is generally excellent. Multifocal PCALCL tends to relapse after multiagent chemotherapy and is generally considered more prone to progress to extracutaneous involvement than is the localized disease. We report a 43-year-old woman with PCALCL who had generalized skin involvement accompanied by involvement of one peripheral draining lymph-node region. Although the disease relapsed after multiagent chemotherapy regimens, the disease was successfully treated with low-dose etoposide. We reviewed the previously reported cases of PCALCL treated with low-dose etoposide. We suggest that oral etoposide might be a useful effective treatment for treatment of relapsed multifocal PCALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yamane
- Department of Dermatology, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center, Sapporo, Japan
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Nemoto-Hasebe I, Akiyama M, Osawa R, Nakamura H, Shimizu H. Diagnosis of Hailey-Hailey disease facilitated by DNA testing: a novel mutation in ATP2C1. Acta Derm Venereol 2008; 88:399-400. [PMID: 18709316 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Osawa R, Kato N, Yanagi T, Yamane N. A case of Bockenheimer's syndrome (genuine diffuse phlebectasia): venous involvement inside muscles was detected by magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Exp Dermatol 2007; 32:664-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2007.02466.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yamane N, Kato N, Yanagi T, Osawa R. Naevus sebaceus on the female breast accompanied with a tubular apocrine adenoma and a syringocystadenoma papilliferum. Br J Dermatol 2007; 156:1397-9. [PMID: 17535243 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07909.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Yaguchi K, Ogitani T, Osawa R, Kawano M, Kokumai N, Kaneshige T, Noro T, Masubuchi K, Shimizu Y. Virulence Factors of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli Strains Isolated from Chickens with Colisepticemia in Japan. Avian Dis 2007; 51:656-62. [DOI: 10.1637/0005-2086(2007)51[656:vfoape]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Several reports have suggested the efficacy of radiotherapy for treating extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD); however, these reports comprised only clinical observations, without in-depth histopathological observations. We report our experience of genital EMPD treated by radiotherapy in two elderly women, and the marked efficacy of radiotherapy, confirmed both by clinical observation and by detailed histopathological investigations. Our cases agree with the notion that radiotherapy is useful as an alternative therapy for EMPD, and should be considered particularly in elderly patients who may not tolerate surgery well.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yanagi
- Department of Dermatology, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center, Sapporo, Japan.
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24
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Osawa R, Yoshida A, Masakiyo Y, Nagashima S, Ansai T, Watari H, Notomi T, Takehara T. Rapid detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 22:252-9. [PMID: 17600537 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2007.00352.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans has been implicated in the etiology of aggressive periodontitis. In this study, we applied a novel nucleic acid amplification method, called loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), which amplifies DNA with high specificity, efficiency and rapidity under isothermal conditions, allowing the rapid detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans. METHODS We designed the primers for detecting A. actinomycetemcomitans and evaluated the specificity and sensitivity of the assay. RESULTS The LAMP primers used in this study successfully amplified serotypes a-e of A. actinomycetemcomitans, while other oral bacteria were not amplified. By measuring the precipitation of magnesium pyrophosphate, we could quantify the chromosomal DNA of A. actinomycetemcomitans. The detection limits using the real-time turbidimetry analysis were 5.8 x 10(2)-5.8 x 10(7) copies of A. actinomycetemcomitans template DNA per reaction tube. In addition, the LAMP assay was used for the rapid detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans in clinical specimens from eight individuals. The results with the LAMP method were similar to those using conventional polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the LAMP-based assay is very useful for the rapid detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Osawa
- Division of Community Oral Health Science, Kyushu Dental College, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Japan
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25
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Abstract
It has been suggested that both bullous pemphigoid (BP) and dermatomyositis are associated with internal malignancies. However, there are no reports of the coexistence of these three conditions in one patient. We report the first case, to our knowledge. of coexistent BP, dermatomyositis and colon carcinoma. An 81-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed with dermatomyositis based on muscular weakness and tenderness of the extremities, increased levels of circulating muscle enzymes and histological inflammatory changes in skeletal muscle and skin. Carcinoma of the sigmoid colon was detected during screening for internal malignancy; she was therefore surgically treated. Ten days after the operation, several large bullous eruptions appeared on her extremities. From the histopathological, immunofluorescence microscopy and BP180 ELISA study findings, we diagnosed the bullous eruptions as BP. Coexistence of BP with dermatomyositis or colon carcinoma is rare. Although the reason why our case exhibited these three disorders is not understood, it is suggested that these conditions may be associated with epitope spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yanagi
- Department of Dermatology, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center, Sapporo, Japan.
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27
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Yanagi T, Kato N, Yamane N, Osawa R, Isu K, Ichimura W. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pyomyositis presenting with cellulitis-like symptoms. Clin Exp Dermatol 2007; 32:452-3. [PMID: 17425650 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2007.02411.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Osawa R, Kato N, Yanagi T, Yamane N. Clearance of Recurrent, Classical Kaposi’s Sarcoma Using Multiple Paclitaxel Treatments. Acta Derm Venereol 2007; 87:435-6. [PMID: 17721656 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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29
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Osawa R, Abe R, Inokuma D, Yokota K, Ito H, Nabeshima M, Shimizu H. Chain Saw Blade Granuloma: Reaction to a Deeply Embedded Metal Fragment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 142:1079-80. [PMID: 16924072 DOI: 10.1001/archderm.142.8.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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30
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Nishie W, Yokota K, Sawamura D, Sato-Matsumura K, Tanimura S, Osawa R, Kawashima T, Yokota T, Shimizu H. Detection of circulating lymphoma cells in subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma. Br J Dermatol 2003; 149:1081-2. [PMID: 14632825 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2003.05612.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Nakajima T, Harada M, Osawa R, Kawagoe T, Furukawa Y, Harada I. Study on the interconversion of unit structures in polyaniline by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00196a018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Wakasugi H, Yoshimoto M, Aoki M, Osawa R, Futami T, Ono T, Muso E, Inui K. [Effect of probucol on the concentration of cyclosporin A in patients with nephrotic syndrome]. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai Shi 2001; 43:595-9. [PMID: 11725557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The first choice of therapy for nephrotic syndrome is steroid, and cyclosporin A(CyA) or other immunosuppressants are selected for steroid resistant or recurrent cases. Nephrotic syndrome accompanies hyperlipidemia for which HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are mainly used. On the other hand, probucol is used in cases showing inadequate effects or some adverse reactions under treatment with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Recently, we experienced several cases whose blood levels of CyA were decreased to about half that before the combined use of probucol, and concomitant administrations were discontinued. Based on these cases, we considered that the use of probucol should be prescribed in patients with nephrotic syndrome accompanying hyperlipidemia giving preference to CyA treatment. In cases of unavoidable usage of probucol, CyA dose adjustments are required on the basis of frequent CyA blood level monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wakasugi
- Department of Pharmacy, Kyoto University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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33
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Abstract
Lactobacilli with tannase activity were isolated from human feces and fermented foods. A PCR-based taxonomic assay revealed that the isolates belong to Lactobacillus plantarum, L. paraplantarum, and L. pentosus. Additional studies on a range of Lactobacillus species from established culture collections confirmed that this enzymatic activity is a phenotypic property common to these three species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Osawa
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe City 657-8501, Japan.
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34
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Murase T, Suzuki R, Osawa R, Yamai S. Characteristics of Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M1 and M3 isolates from patients in Japan from 1981 to 1997. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 37:4131-4. [PMID: 10565944 PMCID: PMC85898 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.37.12.4131-4134.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes isolates obtained in 1981 to 1997 from patients and healthy subjects were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns, biotyping, and the presence of spe genes encoding streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins. Changes in the profiles were shown in the serotype M1/T1 isolates from pharyngitis over this period, but not in serotype M3/T3 isolates. The characteristics of isolates from patients with toxic shock-like syndrome (TSLS) were comparable to those of the other isolates, including those from healthy subjects. This finding suggests that further phenotypic and molecular characterization, such as investigating the genomic difference represented by the pathogenicity island, of isolates with apparently the same profiles would be necessary to determine the etiology of diseases caused by S. pyogenes, including TSLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Murase
- Department of Bacteriology and Pathology, Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health Laboratory, Yokohama 241-0815, Japan.
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35
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Sata S, Osawa R, Furukawa I, Yamai S. [A comparison of sensitivity between direct plate culture, immunomagnetic separation and polymerase chain reaction for the isolation of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157]. Nihon Saikingaku Zasshi 1999; 54:659-65. [PMID: 10502952 DOI: 10.3412/jsb.54.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sensitivities of direct plate culture (DPC) method, immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for successful detection Escherichia coli O157 in the food samples were compared. Three lots of minced beef and three lots of radish sprout, both of which were commercially retailed, were enriched with non-selective broth media at 36 degrees C for 6 h. After enrichment, the cultures of the minced beef and those of the radish sprout were found to have background microflora at ca.10(5)-10(7) CFU/ml and ca.10(8) CFU/ml, respectively. The cultures were then experimentally inoculated with E. coli O157 strains at various final concentrations ranging from ca.10 to 10(7) CFU/ml. The samples thus prepared were subjected to the above three methods to evaluate their detection limits. For the samples of minced beef, the detection limits of the DPC method was 10(2) CFU/ml whilst that of the IMS method was ca.10 CFU/ml. For the samples of radish sprout, the detection limits of the DPC method, the IMS method, and the PCR assay were ca.10(4) CFU/ml, ca.10(2) CFU/ml, and ca.10(6) CFU/ml, respectively. There results strongly suggest that the IMS method is most sensitive method for the detection of O157 from food samples among the methods currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sata
- Department of Bacteriology and Pathology, Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health Laboratories, Yokohama
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36
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Abstract
Escherichia coli O157 strains starved in sterile deionized water (SDW) and filter-sterilized natural river water (SRW) were investigated with specific reference to their culturability in selective and non-selective media. Growth of the strains starved in both SDW and SRW were markedly suppressed with time in selective liquid media such as modified trypticase soy broth supplemented with novobiocin (mTSB+n) and modified E. coli broth supplemented with novobiocin (mEC+n). This suppression was more pronounced when incubated at 42 C than at 37 C, especially with mEC+n. By contrast, such growth suppression was seldom observed when cultured at 37 C in non-selective liquid media such as trypticase soy broth (TSB) and buffered peptone water. In mEC+n at 42 C, the non-starved cells from overnight cultures with an initial density of less than 10(3) colony-forming units (CFU)/ml grew to the density of over 10(7) CFU/ml after 24 hr incubation, whereas those starved for 6 weeks in SRW were only to maintain their initial density or died off after 24 hr incubation under the same culturing conditions. These results indicated that the isolation of starved cells of E. coli O157 from water samples would be most difficult with selective enrichment or direct plating on the selective plate media. It is thus highly recommended that a "resuscitation" of the cells with non-selective enrichment should be performed as a routine practice for maximum recovery of E. coli O157 from water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sata
- Department of Bacteriology and Pathology, Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan
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37
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Asai Y, Murase T, Osawa R, Okitsu T, Suzuki R, Sata S, Yamai S, Terajima J, Izumiya H, Tamura K, Watanabe H. [Isolation of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 from processed salmon roe associated with the outbreaks in Japan, 1998, and a molecular typing of the isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 1999; 73:20-4. [PMID: 10077898 DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.73.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coil (STEC) O157 were isolated from processed salmon roe which had been a suspected food item in sporadic infections which occurred in Japan in 1998. A total of 45 samples of the processed salmon roe were pre-enriched in trypticase soy broth (TSB) at 36 degrees C for 6 h and novobiocin-supplemented modified EC broth (mEC-NB) at 42 degrees C for 18 h. After the pre-enrichments, the cultures were examined for possible occurrence of STEC O157, using an immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method. From the examination, a total of 84 strains of STEC O157:H7 that were positive for both stx 1 and stx 2 genes were isolated. By applying the most-probable-number technique, it was estimated that the number of STEC O157 was in the range of 0.73-1.5 per 10 g of the processed salmon roe. Subsequent analysis of the isolates by a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed a pattern commonly seen in 82 isolates and another pattern in two isolates. Clinical isolates from 7 patients also showed an identical pattern to those of the 82 isolates and one isolate from a patient showed the other pattern identical to those of the two isolates. The isolates were found to belong to the phage type 14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Asai
- Department of Bacteriology and Pathology, Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health Laboratory
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38
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Sly LI, Cahill MM, Osawa R, Fujisawa T. The tannin-degrading species Streptococcus gallolyticus and Streptococcus caprinus are subjective synonyms. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1997; 47:893-4. [PMID: 9226925 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-47-3-893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The tannin-degrading species Streptococcus gallolyticus and Streptococcus caprinus have been shown to be subjective synonyms on the basis of their levels of 16S rRNA sequence similarity (98.3%) and DNA-DNA homology (> 70%) and the phenotypes of their type strains. S. gallolyticus has nomenclatural priority according to Rule 24b(2) of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- L I Sly
- Department of Microbiology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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39
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Okitsu T, Osawa R, Pornruangwong S, Yamai S. Urea hydrolysis and suppressed production of thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) by Vibrio parahaemolyticus associated with presence of TDH-related hemolysin genes. Curr Microbiol 1997; 34:314-7. [PMID: 9099633 DOI: 10.1007/s002849900188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A total of 18 strains of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from patients of past food poisoning cases occurring in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, were assayed for presence of the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) gene and the TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) genes (trh 1 and trh 2) with specific reference to their ability to hydrolyze urea and TDH production. A polymerase chain reaction assay revealed that all urea-hydrolyzing strains (9 strains) carried either trh 1 gene or trh 2 gene. The strains carrying the trh genes as well as the tdh gene produced TDH less by a factor of 4 to 16 than those carrying only the tdh gene, suggesting the expression of the tdh gene was suppressed by the presence of trh gene through a mechanism yet to be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Okitsu
- Department of Bacteriology and Pathology, Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health Laboratories, 1-1-1 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 241, Japan
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40
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Abstract
Cooked rice contaminated with staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) was mixed with 'natto', a Bacillus natto fermented soybean food, and the mixture was incubated at 37 degrees C for 1 h. Reversed passive latex agglutination (RPLA) tests performed on the mixture revealed that the RPLA titer against SEA was significantly reduced after incubation. Subsequent analytical tests showed that the SEA protein molecule was fragmented to small peptides by an extracellular protease, subtilisin, produced by B. natto. The proteolytic activity of B. natto was also found to be effective against other types of staphylococcal enterotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Osawa
- Bacteriology Section, Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan
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41
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Abstract
A novel method of identifying cholera enterotoxin (CT)-producing Vibrio cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 was developed. The method uses degradation of NAD as a specific biochemical marker for the CT-producing strains. The substrate NAD at a concentration of 100 mumol/liter was markedly degraded when it was incubated at 37 degrees C for 2 h with the CT-producing stains at a final cell density equivalent to that of a twofold dilution of a McFarland no. 1 standard. NAD degradation was monitored by an enzyme-amplified color development assay. Subsequent tests conducted with a total of 119 strains of V. cholerae, including both clinical and environmental isolates, confirmed a significant correlation between NAD degradation and CT production for all V. cholerae strains belonging to serogroups O1 and O139. Since 2 of 11 non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae strains not carrying the CT gene degraded NAD, serotyping of the strains prior to the test is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Osawa
- Department of Bacteriology and Pathology, Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan
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42
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Asai Y, Murase T, Osawa R, Okitsu T, Suzuki R, Sata S, Yamai S, Wada A, Tamura K, Watanabe H. [Isolation of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (O157:H7) by an immunomagnetic separation method]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 1997; 71:46-55. [PMID: 9132428 DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.71.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Three sporadic cases of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157 infection which occurred in Kanagawa in 1996 were investigated. In an attempt to determine sources of the infection, a novel method of immunomagnetic separation (IMS) was employed to isolate the bacterium from feces, foods, and other associated items. In the first case, strains of EHEC O157:H7 producing Vero toxin (VT) 2 were isolated from both feces of the patient and suspected food (cattle liver) kept at a restaurant, and the strains were found to be genotypically identical through an analysis of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Subsequent investigation in the meat processing store, from which the above cattle liver had been retailed to the restaurants revealed that the store was contaminated with EHEC O157:H7 producing both VT1 and VT2. In the second case, a strain isolated from the patient was EHEC O157:H7 producing both VT1 and VT2 while strains isolated from the patient's family (without apparent symptom) and the suspected facility were O137:NM producing VT2. PFGE analysis indicated that the latter two strains were genotypically identical, suggesting that the facility thus contaminated with EHEC O157 caused the infection in question. In the third case, EHEC O157:NM producing VT2 was isolated from 4 out of 7 family members including the patient, and these strains were found to be genotypically identical by subsequent PFGE analysis. Source of the infection was, however, not determined due to lack of suspected food items. In this context, four slaughterhouses in Kanagawa Prefecture were investigated for presence of EHEC O157. As a result, strains of EHEC O157:H7 producing VT1 and VT2 were isolated from the contents of cattle's distal colon and surface of the skinned carcasses. Additional attempt was also made to determine a possibility of river water being contaminated with EHEC O157. The bacterium was, however, not isolated from water samples collected from 4 major rivers in the prefecture (at 10 collecting sites). Experiments were undertaken in order to evaluate the use of IMS in isolation of EHEC O157 from food items, with different pre-enrichment media and conditions. The results indicated that pre-enrichment by trypticase soy broth at 36 degrees C for 6 h followed by inoculating onto sorbitol MacConkey agar plate containing cefixime and tellurite was most appropriate to isolate EHEC O157 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Asai
- Department of Bacteriology and Pathology, Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health Laboratory
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43
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Abstract
The effects of conjugated bile acids, glycocholic acid, and taurocholic acid (TC) on production of thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) by Vibrio parahaemolyticus were determined by a reversed passive latex agglutination assay against TDH. The amount of TDH excreted in growth medium containing either glycocholic acid or taurocholic acid (5 mM/liter) was, on a per-cell basis, 4- to 16-fold greater than that excreted in medium without the bile acids. The amounts of TDH released from lysed cells grown with the bile acids (5 mM/liter) were 4- to 32-fold greater than those from lysed cells grown without, suggesting that the bile acids enhanced synthesis of TDH within bacterial cells. These data imply that the conjugated bile acids play a key role in the pathogenicity of V. parahaemolyticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Osawa
- Department of Bacteriology and Pathology, Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan
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Osawa R, Okitsu T, Morozumi H, Yamai S. Occurrence of urease-positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Kanagawa, Japan, with specific reference to presence of thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and the TDH-related-hemolysin genes. Appl Environ Microbiol 1996; 62:725-7. [PMID: 8593076 PMCID: PMC167841 DOI: 10.1128/aem.62.2.725-727.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 132 strains of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from patients and from the suspected causal food items of past food poisoning cases occurring in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, were examined for the ability to hydrolyze urea, with specific reference to the presence of the thermostable direct hemolysin gene (tdh) and the gene for thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh). Ten strains belonging to five different O-antigen serotypes were positive for urea hydrolysis (UH+), and four of these strains did not carry tdh. A total of 106 strains carried tdh, but less than 6% of them were UH+, whereas all trh-carrying strains were UH+. The evidence suggests that urea hydrolysis is not a reliable marker for identifying tdh-carrying V. parahaemolyticus strains in Japan (the Pacific Northeast) but may be a marker for trh-carrying strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Osawa
- Department of Bacteriology and Pathology, Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health Laboratories, Japan
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46
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47
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Nemoto K, Osawa R, Hirota K, Ono T, Miyake Y. An investigation of gram-negative tannin-protein complex degrading bacteria in fecal flora of various mammals. J Vet Med Sci 1995; 57:921-6. [PMID: 8593303 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.57.921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative tannin-protein complex degrading bacteria (T-PCDB) were first isolated from animals except for the koala. The occurrence of T-PCDB in feces of 15 species of mammals with different feeding habits was investigated. T-PCDB occurred in 7 of 54 horses but they could not be isolated from other mammals tested. These T-PCDB comprised less than 0.1% of the facultative anaerobic microflora in horse feces and it was much less than that previously reported in koala feces ( > 60%). A total of 7 T-PCDB fecal isolates showed a range of phenotypic diversities. They were all Gram-negative rods of various sizes and shapes including coccoidal rod. Although all produced tannase, no strain showed to have gallate decarboxylase. A total of 23 representative strains belonging to the family Pasteurellaceae were also tested for tannase production. Two strains, Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans NIAH-10202T and Haemophilus segnis NIAH-10183T which were isolated from human oral cavity were detected positive for tannase.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nemoto
- Department of Microbiology, Tokushima University, School of Dentistry, Japan
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Nakai Y, Niimi M, Kanai T, Osawa R, Inamoto T, Ando T, Ogimoto K. Biochemical and antigenical characterization of tannin-protein complex degrading enterobacteria isolated from koalas, Phascolarctos cinereus. J Vet Med Sci 1995; 57:559-61. [PMID: 7548421 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.57.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochemical and antigenical characteristics of tannin-protein complex degrading enterobacteria (T-PCDE) isolated from Koalas, Phascolarctos cinereus, were investigated. T-PCDE had a specific profile of characteristics, and T-PCDE was distinguished from those of 12 type strains of Enterobacteriaceae used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nakai
- Department of Animal Microbiology and Parasitology, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Abstract
Growth of human clinical isolates of Streptococcus constellatus, Strep. intermedius and Strep. anginosus in HCl-, acetate and lactate acidified media was investigated. Under aerobic conditions, Strep. constellatus and Strep. anginosus were significantly more tolerant to all the acidulants than was Strep. intermedius. Under anaerobic conditions, Strep. anginosus and Strep. intermedius were significantly more tolerant to acetic acid (pH < 4.5) than Strep. constellatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Osawa
- Department of Food Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, Japan
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Osawa R, Rainey F, Fujisawa T, Lang E, Busse H, Walsh T, Stackebrandt E. Lonepinella koalarum gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Tannin-Protein Complex Degrading Bacterium. Syst Appl Microbiol 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(11)80430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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