1
|
Matos I, Barvalia M, Chehal MK, Robertson AG, Kulic I, Silva JAFD, Ranganathan A, Short A, Huang YH, Long E, Priatel JJ, Dhanji S, Nelson BH, Krebs DL, Harder KW. Tumor-derived GCSF Alters Tumor and Systemic Immune System Cell Subset Composition and Signaling. Cancer Res Commun 2023; 3:404-419. [PMID: 36911097 PMCID: PMC9997410 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
While immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive T-cell therapy improve survival for a subset of human malignancies, many patients fail to respond. Phagocytes including dendritic cells (DC), monocytes, and macrophages (MF) orchestrate innate and adaptive immune responses against tumors. However, tumor-derived factors may limit immunotherapy effectiveness by altering phagocyte signal transduction, development, and activity. Using Cytometry by Time-of-Flight, we found that tumor-derived GCSF altered myeloid cell distribution both locally and systemically. We distinguished a large number of GCSF-induced immune cell subset and signal transduction pathway perturbations in tumor-bearing mice, including a prominent increase in immature neutrophil/myeloid-derived suppressor cell (Neut/MDSC) subsets and tumor-resident PD-L1+ Neut/MDSCs. GCSF expression was also linked to distinct tumor-associated MF populations, decreased conventional DCs, and splenomegaly characterized by increased splenic progenitors with diminished DC differentiation potential. GCSF-dependent dysregulation of DC development was recapitulated in bone marrow cultures in vitro, using medium derived from GCSF-expressing tumor cell cultures. Importantly, tumor-derived GCSF impaired T-cell adoptive cell therapy effectiveness and was associated with increased tumor volume and diminished survival of mice with mammary cancer. Treatment with neutralizing anti-GCSF antibodies reduced colonic and circulatory Neut/MDSCs, normalized colonic immune cell composition and diminished tumor burden in a spontaneous model of mouse colon cancer. Analysis of human colorectal cancer patient gene expression data revealed a significant correlation between survival and low GCSF and Neut/MDSC gene expression. Our data suggest that normalizing GCSF bioactivity may improve immunotherapy in cancers associated with GCSF overexpression. Significance Tumor-derived GCSF leads to systemic immune population changes. GCSF blockade restores immune populations, improves immunotherapy, and reduces tumor size, paralleling human colorectal cancer data. GCSF inhibition may synergize with current immunotherapies to treat GCSF-secreting tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Israel Matos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Life Sciences Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Maunish Barvalia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Life Sciences Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Manreet K Chehal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Life Sciences Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Gordon Robertson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Iva Kulic
- ME Therapeutics Inc. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jessica A F D Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Life Sciences Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Abhinandan Ranganathan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Life Sciences Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amy Short
- ME Therapeutics Inc. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yu-Hsuan Huang
- ME Therapeutics Inc. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Erin Long
- ME Therapeutics Inc. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John J Priatel
- ME Therapeutics Inc. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Salim Dhanji
- ME Therapeutics Inc. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brad H Nelson
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Danielle L Krebs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Life Sciences Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kenneth W Harder
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Life Sciences Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,ME Therapeutics Inc. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang L, Vaida F, Meagher M, Puri D, Liu F, Dhanji S, Afari J, Hakimi K, Nguyen M, Saitta C, Shah A, Ghassemzadeh S, Nasseri R, Javier-Desloges J, Murphy J, Mckay R, Derweesh I. Proposal for reclassification of T1 and T2A renal cell carcinoma: Analysis of the National Cancer Database. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
3
|
Corsi N, Pandolfo S, Eilender B, Bell S, Wang L, Tuderti G, Ghoreifi A, Tozzi M, Taylor J, Dhanji S, Yong C, Checcucci E, Derweesh I, Eun D, Porpiglia F, Gonzalgo M, Mehrazin R, Simone G, Ferro M, Margulis V, Sundaram C, Djaladat H, Wu Z, Autorino R, Abdollah F. Radical therapy for low-risk upper tract urothelial carcinoma (ROBUUST collaborative group). Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00968-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
4
|
Meagher M, Cerrato C, Patel D, Liu F, Shah A, Ghassemzadeh S, Dhanji S, Saitta C, Wang L, Patil D, Saito K, Yasuda Y, Nasseri R, Fujii Y, Master V, Derweesh I. Should adjuvant therapy be considered for positive surgical margins in renal cell carcinoma: A stage-based analysis of impact of positive surgical margins on survival outcomes using the INMARC registry. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
5
|
Fukuda S, Kobayashi M, Chen W, Fan B, Liu F, Afari J, Dhanji S, Ghassemzadeh S, Shah A, Schmeusser B, Greenwald R, Medline A, Kamal F, Ali A, Nakayama A, Meagher M, Patil D, Tanaka H, Saito K, Derweesh I, Master V, Fujii Y. Impact of preoperative C-reactive protein level on oncological outcomes after nephrectomy in patients with high-risk renal cell carcinoma: An analysis from the International Marker Consortium for Renal Cancer (INMARC) cohort. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
6
|
Pandolfo S, Wu Z, Giuseppe S, Ferro M, Sundaram C, Yong C, Derweesh I, Dhanji S, Margulis V, Taylor J, Tozzi M, Davis M, Wood E, Mehrazin R, Gonzalgo M, Eilender B, Mendiola D, Wang L, Tuderti G, Checcucci E, Verze P, Djaladat H, Porpiglia F, Abdollah F, Autorino R. Predictive factors of complications in patients undergoing minimally invasive radical nephroureterectomy. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00955-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
7
|
Bazett M, Costa AM, Bosiljcic M, Anderson RM, Alexander MP, Wong SWY, Dhanji S, Chen JM, Pankovich J, Lam S, Sutcliffe S, Gunn H, Kalyan S, Mullins DW. Harnessing innate lung anti-cancer effector functions with a novel bacterial-derived immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2017; 7:e1398875. [PMID: 29399400 PMCID: PMC5790356 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1398875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute infection is known to induce strong anti-tumor immune responses, but clinical translation has been hindered by the lack of an effective strategy to safely and consistently provoke a therapeutic response. These limitations are overcome with a novel treatment approach involving repeated subcutaneous delivery of a Klebsiella-derived investigational immunotherapeutic, QBKPN. In preclinical models of lung cancer, QBKPN administration consistently showed anti-cancer efficacy, which was dependent on Klebsiella pre-exposure, but was independent of adaptive immunity. Rather, QBKPN induced anti-tumor innate immunity that required NK cells and NKG2D engagement. QBKPN increased NK cells and macrophages in the lungs, altered macrophage polarization, and augmented the production of cytotoxic molecules. An exploratory trial in patients with non-small cell lung cancer demonstrated QBKPN was well tolerated, safe, and induced peripheral immune changes suggestive of macrophage polarization and reduction of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression on leukocytes. These data demonstrate preclinical efficacy, and clinical safety and tolerability, for this cancer immunotherapy strategy that exploits innate anti-tumor immune mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bazett
- Qu Biologics Inc., Vancouver, BC, V5 T 4T5, Canada
| | - Amanda M Costa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | | | | | - Matthew P Alexander
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Stephanie W Y Wong
- Qu Biologics Inc., Vancouver, BC, V5 T 4T5, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Salim Dhanji
- Qu Biologics Inc., Vancouver, BC, V5 T 4T5, Canada
| | | | | | - Stephen Lam
- BC Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Hal Gunn
- Qu Biologics Inc., Vancouver, BC, V5 T 4T5, Canada
| | - Shirin Kalyan
- Qu Biologics Inc., Vancouver, BC, V5 T 4T5, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - David W Mullins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.,Department of Medical Education, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ono N, Murakami K, Chan O, Hall H, Elford AR, Yen P, Calzascia T, Spencer DM, Ohashi PS, Dhanji S. Exposure to sequestered self-antigens in vivo is not sufficient for the induction of autoimmune diabetes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173176. [PMID: 28257518 PMCID: PMC5336264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the role of T cells in autoimmunity has been explored for many years, the mechanisms leading to the initial priming of an autoimmune T cell response remain enigmatic. The 'hit and run' model suggests that self-antigens released upon cell death can provide the initial signal for a self-sustaining autoimmune response. Using a novel transgenic mouse model where we could induce the release of self-antigens via caspase-dependent apoptosis. We tracked the fate of CD8+ T cells specific for the self-antigen. Our studies demonstrated that antigens released from apoptotic cells were cross-presented by CD11c+ cells in the draining lymph node. This cross-presentation led to proliferation of self-antigen specific T cells, followed by a transient ability to produce IFN-γ, but did not lead to the development of autoimmune diabetes. Using this model we examined the consequences on T cell immunity when apoptosis was combined with dendritic cell maturation signals, an autoimmune susceptible genetic background, and the deletion of Tregs. The results of our study demonstrate that autoimmune diabetes cannot be initiated by the presentation of antigens released from apoptotic cells in vivo even in the presence of factors known to promote autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Ono
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kiichi Murakami
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivia Chan
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Håkan Hall
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alisha R. Elford
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patty Yen
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Calzascia
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M. Spencer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Bellicum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Pamela S. Ohashi
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Salim Dhanji
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Absence of the phosphatase Shp1 in T cells does not affect the TCR signaling threshold but results in IL-4 sensitivity and memory phenotype cells. The protein-tyrosine phosphatase Shp1 is expressed ubiquitously in hematopoietic cells and is generally viewed as a negative regulatory molecule. Mutations in Ptpn6, which encodes Shp1, result in widespread inflammation and premature death, known as the motheaten (me) phenotype. Previous studies identified Shp1 as a negative regulator of TCR signaling, but the severe systemic inflammation in me mice may have confounded our understanding of Shp1 function in T cell biology. To define the T cell–intrinsic role of Shp1, we characterized mice with a T cell–specific Shp1 deletion (Shp1fl/fl CD4-cre). Surprisingly, thymocyte selection and peripheral TCR sensitivity were unaltered in the absence of Shp1. Instead, Shp1fl/fl CD4-cre mice had increased frequencies of memory phenotype T cells that expressed elevated levels of CD44. Activation of Shp1-deficient CD4+ T cells also resulted in skewing to the Th2 lineage and increased IL-4 production. After IL-4 stimulation of Shp1-deficient T cells, Stat 6 activation was sustained, leading to enhanced Th2 skewing. Accordingly, we observed elevated serum IgE in the steady state. Blocking or genetic deletion of IL-4 in the absence of Shp1 resulted in a marked reduction of the CD44hi population. Therefore, Shp1 is an essential negative regulator of IL-4 signaling in T lymphocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J Johnson
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Johnson D, Pao L, Dhanji S, Murakami K, Neel B, Ohashi P. Shp1 regulates T cell homeostasis by antagonizing IL-4 signalling (P1312). The Journal of Immunology 2013. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.119.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The tyrosine phosphatase Shp1 is expressed ubiquitously in hematopoietic cells and is generally viewed as a negative regulator. Null mutations in Ptpn6, which encodes Shp1, result in the motheaten phenotype, characterized by widespread inflammation that causes death by 3-4 weeks of age. Previous studies of motheaten mice identified Shp1 as a negative regulator of TCR signaling, but the severe inflammation in these mice could have confounded our understanding of Shp1 function in T cell biology. To define the T cell intrinsic role of Shp1, we have characterized T cell-specific conditional knockout mice. Surprisingly, we detect no changes in TCR responsiveness in Shp1-deficient thymocytes or peripheral T cells. Instead, T cell Shp1 KO mice are enriched for memory-phenotype T-cells that express elevated levels of CD44 in the periphery. In addition, activated Shp1-deficient CD4+ T cells skew to Th2 and produce elevated levels of IL-4. Following IL-4 stimulation, Stat 6 activation is sustained in Shp1 deficient T-cells, leading to enhanced IL-4 production. Elimination of IL-4, through in vivo administration of a neutralizing antibody or by crossing to IL-4 KO mice, results in marked reduction of the excessive memory-like population in T cell specific Shp1 KO mice. Therefore, Shp1 is an essential negative regulator of IL-4 signaling in and is critical for the maintainance of T cell homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Johnson
- 1Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
- 2Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lily Pao
- 3Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Salim Dhanji
- 1Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kiichi Murakami
- 1Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ben Neel
- 3Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- 4Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
- 5Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pam Ohashi
- 1Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
- 2Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- 5Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin ACC, Dissanayake D, Dhanji S, Elford AR, Ohashi PS. Different toll-like receptor stimuli have a profound impact on cytokines required to break tolerance and induce autoimmunity. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23940. [PMID: 21931625 PMCID: PMC3171407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although toll-like receptor (TLR) signals are critical for promoting antigen presenting cell maturation, it remains unclear how stimulation via different TLRs influence dendritic cell (DC) function and the subsequent adaptive response in vivo. Furthermore, the relationship between TLR-induced cytokine production by DCs and the consequences on the induction of a functional immune response is not clear. We have established a murine model to examine whether TLR3 or TLR4 mediated DC maturation has an impact on the cytokines required to break tolerance and induce T-cell-mediated autoimmunity. Our study demonstrates that IL-12 is not absolutely required for the induction of a CD8 T-cell-mediated tissue specific immune response, but rather the requirement for IL-12 is determined by the stimuli used to mature the DCs. Furthermore, we found that IFNα is a critical pathogenic component of the cytokine milieu that circumvents the requirement for IL-12 in the induction of autoimmunity. These studies illustrate how different TLR stimuli have an impact on DC function and the induction of immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert C. C. Lin
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dilan Dissanayake
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Salim Dhanji
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alisha R. Elford
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamela S. Ohashi
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pellegrini M, Calzascia T, Elford AR, Shahinian A, Lin AE, Dissanayake D, Dhanji S, Nguyen LT, Gronski MA, Morre M, Assouline B, Lahl K, Sparwasser T, Ohashi PS, Mak TW. Erratum: Corrigendum: Adjuvant IL-7 antagonizes multiple cellular and molecular inhibitory networks to enhance immunotherapies. Nat Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1038/nm0709-819b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
13
|
Lye E, Dhanji S, Calzascia T, Elford AR, Ohashi PS. IRAK-4 kinase activity is required for IRAK-4-dependent innate and adaptive immune responses. Eur J Immunol 2008; 38:870-6. [PMID: 18286567 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200737429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)-4 is a serine-threonine kinase that plays an important role in innate and adaptive immune responses. While the requirement of IRAK-4 kinase activity has been studied in the context of IL-1R signaling, it is not clear whether IRAK-4 requires its kinase function for all of its roles in the immune system. IRAK-4 kinase-dead knock-in (IRAK-4KD/KD) mice were generated to further elucidate whether IRAK-4 kinase activity is required for IRAK-4 to induce cytokine production. IRAK-4KD/KD mice were impaired in their ability to produce cytokines in response to in vivo challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent TLR4 ligand. Cytokine production was also reduced in macrophages and dendritic cells from IRAK-4KD/KD mice in response to LPS and other TLR ligands. In addition, adaptive immune responses were impaired in IRAK-4KD/KD mice. Although in vitro T cell proliferation in response to TCR activation was unaffected in IRAK-4-deficient mice, in vivo T cell responses to lymphocytic choriomeningitits virus infection were significantly impaired in IRAK-4-knockout mice or mice expressing the kinase-dead mutant of IRAK-4. Collectively, these results indicate that IRAK-4 kinase activity is required for IRAK-4-dependent signaling in innate and adaptive immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Lye
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Osborne LC, Dhanji S, Priatel JJ, Miners MJ, Teh HS, Abraham N. 115 Impaired T Cell Function and CD8 Memory Maintenance in a Novel Interleukin-7 Receptor α Knock-in Mouse. Cytokine 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2007.07.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
15
|
Abraham N, Dhanji S, Priatel JJ, Miners MJ, Teh HS, Osborne LC. Impaired T cell function and CD8 memory maintenance in a novel IL-7Rα knock-in mouse (B30). The Journal of Immunology 2007. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.b30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-7 is an essential growth factor for thymocyte development and survival of peripheral T cells, specifically CD8+ memory T cells. Current models such as IL-7 or IL-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Rα) knock-out mice have demonstrated the necessity of IL-7 signaling in these processes, but are unable to delineate the involvement of downstream pathways. To more precisely identify signals governing IL-7 function in vivo, we have disrupted the IL-7Rα Y449XXM motif in mice by knock-in mutagenesis (IL-7Rα449F). Thymocytes from these mice overcome a double negative (DN) stage developmental block that allows subsequent T cell maturation and peripheral migration. This is in stark contrast to the severe cytopenia seen in IL-7Rα−/− mice. These findings highlight the importance of IL-7Rα Y449-mediated signals during thymopoiesis, but also indicate a requirement for Y449-independent signals. Infection of IL-7Rα449F mice with the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes revealed that CD4 and CD8 T cells had different requirements for IL-7Rα signals. Strikingly, CD4 T cells failed to mount a detectable primary response to Listeria. Despite normal CD8 primary responses, maintenance of Listeria-specific CD8 memory was impaired in IL-7Rα449F mice. Furthermore, we show that Bcl-2 is IL-7Rα Y449-independent and insufficient for IL-7-mediated maintenance of CD8 memory.
Research funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ninan Abraham
- 1Microbiology and Immunology,
- 2Zoology, University of British Columbia, 3552- 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada,
| | - Salim Dhanji
- 3Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 3509-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - John J Priatel
- 3Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 3509-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | - Hung-Sia Teh
- 3Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 3509-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Osborne LC, Dhanji S, Snow JW, Priatel JJ, Ma MC, Miners MJ, Teh HS, Goldsmith MA, Abraham N. Impaired CD8 T cell memory and CD4 T cell primary responses in IL-7R alpha mutant mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 204:619-31. [PMID: 17325202 PMCID: PMC2137912 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20061871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Loss of interleukin (IL)-7 or the IL-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Ralpha, CD127) results in severe immunodeficiencies in mice and humans. To more precisely identify signals governing IL-7 function in vivo, we have disrupted the IL-7Ralpha Y449XXM motif in mice by knock-in mutagenesis (IL-7Ralpha(449F)). Thymic precursors were reduced in number in IL-7Ralpha(449F) mice, but in marked contrast to IL-7Ralpha(-/-) knockout mice, thymocytes and peripheral T cells developed normally. Strikingly, Listeria infection revealed that CD4 and CD8 T cells had different requirements for IL-7Ralpha signals. CD4 T cells failed to mount a primary response, but despite normal CD8 primary responses, maintenance of CD8 memory was impaired in IL-7Ralpha(449F) mice. Furthermore, we show that Bcl-2 is IL-7Ralpha Y449 independent and insufficient for IL-7-mediated maintenance of CD8 memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Osborne
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
H2-M3-restricted CD8+ T cells provide early protection against bacterial infections. In this study, we demonstrate that activated H2-M3-restricted T cells provide early signals for efficient CD4+ T cell priming. C57BL/6 mice immunized with dendritic cells coated with the MHC class II-restricted listeriolysin O peptide LLO(190-201) (LLO) generated CD4+ T cells capable of responding to Listeria monocytogenes (LM) infection. Inclusion of a H2-M3-restricted formylated peptide fMIGWII (fMIG), but not MHC class Ia-restricted peptides, during immunization with LLO significantly increased IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ T cell numbers, which was associated with increased protection against LM infection. Studies with a CD4+ T cell-depleting mAb indicate that the reduction in bacterial load in fMIG plus LLO immunized mice is likely due to augmented numbers of LLO-specific CD4+ T cells, generated with the help of H2-M3-restricted CD8+ T cells. We also found that augmentation of LLO-specific CD4+ T lymphocytes with H2-M3-restricted T cells requires presentation of LLO and fMIG by the same dendritic cells. Interestingly, the augmented CD4+ T cell response generated with fMIG also increased primary LM-specific responses by MHC class Ia-restricted CD8 T cells. Coimmunization with LLO and fMIG also increases the number of memory Ag-specific CD4+ T cells. We also demonstrate that CD8 T cells restricted to another MHC class Ib molecule, Qa-1, whose human equivalent is HLA-E, are also able to enhance Ag-specific CD4+ T cell responses. These results reveal a novel function for H2-M3- and Qa-1-restricted T cells; provision of help to CD4+ Th cells during the primary response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Chow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Self-specific CD8 T cells, which are selected by high-affinity interactions with self-Ags, develop into a lineage distinct from conventional CD8 T cells. We have previously shown that these self-specific cells acquire phenotypic and functional similarities to cells of the innate immune system including the expression of functional receptors associated with NK cells. In this study, we show that these self-specific cells have the ability to produce large amounts of IFN-gamma in response to infection with Listeria monocytogenes in a bystander fashion. The rapid production of IFN-gamma is associated with a dramatic reduction in the number of viable bacteria at the peak of infection. Self-specific CD8 T cells provide only marginal innate protection in the absence of self-Ag; however, the presence of self-Ag dramatically increases their protective ability. Exposure to self-Ag is necessary for the maintenance of the memory phenotype and responsiveness to inflammatory cytokines such as IL-15. Significantly, self-specific CD8 T cells are also more efficient in the production of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, thus providing more cytokine-dependent protection against bacterial infection when compared with NK cells. These findings illustrate that self-reactive CD8 T cells can play an important innate function in the early defense against bacterial infection.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Autoantigens/metabolism
- Autoantigens/physiology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/microbiology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/transplantation
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Female
- H-Y Antigen/biosynthesis
- Immunity, Innate
- Immunologic Memory
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interferon-gamma/deficiency
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interleukin-15/metabolism
- Interleukin-15/physiology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Listeria monocytogenes/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, Transgenic
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salim Dhanji
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Priatel JJ, Chen X, Dhanji S, Abraham N, Teh HS. RasGRP1 Transmits Prodifferentiation TCR Signaling That Is Crucial for CD4 T Cell Development. J Immunol 2006; 177:1470-80. [PMID: 16849453 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.3.1470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
TCR signaling plays a governing role in both the survival and differentiation of bipotent double-positive thymocytes into the CD4(+) and CD8(+) single-positive T cell lineages. A central mediator of this developmental program is the small GTPase Ras, emitting cytoplasmic signals through downstream MAPK pathways and eventually affecting gene expression. TCR signal transduction orchestrates the activation of Ras by integrating at least two Ras-guanyl nucleotide exchange factors, RasGRP1 and Sos. In this study, we have characterized the relationship between RasGRP1 function and its potential roles in promoting ERK activity, cell survival, maturation, and lineage commitment. Investigations on RasGRP1(-/-) mice expressing a transgenic (Tg) MHC class II-restricted TCR revealed that the development of CD4 T cells expressing this Tg TCR is completely dependent on RasGRP1. Unexpectedly, a small number of functional CD8 single-positive thymocytes expressing the Tg MHC class II-restricted TCR exists in mutant mice. In addition, RasGRP1(-/-) double-positive thymocytes exhibit marked deficits in TCR-stimulated up-regulation of the positive selection marker CD69 and the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, whereas CD5 induction is unaffected. To evaluate the role of RasGRP1 in providing cellular survival signaling, we enforced Bcl-2 expression in RasGRP1(-/-) thymocytes. These studies demonstrate that RasGRP1 function cannot be fully complemented by Tg Bcl-2 expression. Therefore, we propose that RasGRP1 transmits differentiation signaling critically required for CD4 T cell development.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/enzymology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cell Survival/genetics
- Cell Survival/immunology
- Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/deficiency
- Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/genetics
- Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/physiology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/physiology
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/genetics
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/physiology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- Thymus Gland/cytology
- Thymus Gland/enzymology
- Thymus Gland/immunology
- ras Proteins/genetics
- ras Proteins/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John J Priatel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dhanji S, Tse K, Teh HS. The low affinity Fc receptor for IgG functions as an effective cytolytic receptor for self-specific CD8 T cells. J Immunol 2005; 174:1253-8. [PMID: 15661880 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.3.1253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We have recently described a population of self-Ag-specific murine CD8(+) T cells with a memory phenotype that use receptors of both the adaptive and innate immune systems in the detection of transformed and infected cells. In this study we show that upon activation with IL-2 with or without Ag, between 10 and 20% of the activated self-specific CD8(+) T cells express the low affinity FcR for IgG. By contrast, all IL-2-activated NK cells express high levels of this FcR. The FcR comprises the FcgammaRIIIalpha and FcRgamma subunits. However, the FcRgamma subunit also associates with the CD3 complex, and this association probably contributes to the low expression of FcR in activated cells. Although the FcR is expressed at a low level on activated self-specific CD8(+) T cells, it functions very efficiently as a cytolytic receptor in ADCC. FcR-dependent killing occurred in the absence of TCR stimulation, but could be augmented by concurrent stimulation of the TCR. In addition to mediating ADCC, engagement of the FcR on self-specific CD8(+) T cells results in the production of both IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. This is the first report of an activating FcR on self-specific murine CD8(+)alphabeta TCR(+) T cells and establishes the importance of innate immune system receptors in the function of these self-specific CD8(+) T cells.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/immunology
- Autoantigens/biosynthesis
- Autoantigens/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Death/immunology
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic/methods
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/biosynthesis
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-2/pharmacology
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Protein Binding/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/physiology
- Receptors, Fc/physiology
- Receptors, IgG/biosynthesis
- Receptors, IgG/immunology
- Receptors, IgG/metabolism
- Receptors, IgG/physiology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salim Dhanji
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dhanji S, Teh SJ, Oble D, Priatel JJ, Teh HS. Self-reactive memory-phenotype CD8 T cells exhibit both MHC-restricted and non-MHC-restricted cytotoxicity: a role for the T-cell receptor and natural killer cell receptors. Blood 2004; 104:2116-23. [PMID: 15178577 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-01-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that interleukin-2 (IL-2)-activated CD8(+)CD44(hi) cells from normal mice express both adaptive and innate immune system receptors and specifically kill syngeneic tumor cells, particularly those that express NKG2D ligands. Here we show that CD8+ T cells from antigen-expressing H-Y T-cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice also exhibit characteristics of both T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Interaction with cognate self-antigen was required for the optimal expansion of these cells in peripheral lymphoid tissues. Although these cells possess a higher activation threshold relative to naive T cells, they can be activated by cytokine alone in vitro. They also undergo bystander proliferation in response to a bacterial infection in vivo. Interestingly, upon activation, the cells express the NKG2D receptor as well as the DNAX activation protein 12 (DAP12) adaptor protein. We provide evidence that NKG2D can act additively with the TCR in the killing of target cells, and it can also function as a directly activating receptor in non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted killing of target cells. These properties of CD8+ T cells from H-Y TCR transgenic mice are remarkably similar to CD8(+)CD44(hi) cells that are found in normal mice. The H-Y TCR transgenic mice provide a well-defined system for characterizing the developmental biology and function of these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salim Dhanji
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dhanji S, Teh HS. IL-2-activated CD8+CD44high cells express both adaptive and innate immune system receptors and demonstrate specificity for syngeneic tumor cells. J Immunol 2004; 171:3442-50. [PMID: 14500639 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.171.7.3442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CD8(+) T cells depend on the alphabeta TCR for Ag recognition and function. However, Ag-activated CD8(+) T cells can also express receptors of the innate immune system. In this study, we examined the expression of NK receptors on a population of CD8(+) T cells expressing high levels of CD44 (CD8(+)CD44(high) cells) from normal mice. These cells are distinct from conventional memory CD8(+) T cells and they proliferate and become activated in response to IL 2 via a CD48/CD2-dependent mechanism. Before activation, they express low or undetectable levels of NK receptors but upon activation with IL-2 they expressed significant levels of activating NK receptors including 2B4 and NKG2D. Interestingly, the IL-2-activated cells demonstrate a preference in the killing of syngeneic tumor cells. This killing of syngeneic tumor cells was greatly enhanced by the expression of the NKG2D ligand Rae-1 on the target cell. In contrast to conventional CD8(+) T cells, IL-2-activated CD8(+)CD44(high) cells express DAP12, an adaptor molecule that is normally expressed in activated NK cells. These observations indicate that activated CD8(+)CD44(high) cells express receptors of both the adaptive and innate immune system and may play a unique role in the surveillance of host cells that have been altered by infection or transformation.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- CD2 Antigens/physiology
- CD48 Antigen
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Death/genetics
- Cell Death/immunology
- Cell Division/genetics
- Cell Division/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor/transplantation
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/genetics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/biosynthesis
- Hyaluronan Receptors/biosynthesis
- Immunity, Active/genetics
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- Immunophenotyping
- Interleukin-2/pharmacology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/prevention & control
- Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Receptors, KIR
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/cytology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salim Dhanji
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|