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Teranishi M, Kurose T, Nakagawa K, Kawahara Y, Yuge L. Hypergravity enhances RBM4 expression in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and accelerates their differentiation into neurons. Regen Ther 2023; 22:109-114. [PMID: 36712961 PMCID: PMC9851867 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The regulation of stem cell differentiation is important in determining the quality of transplanted cells in regenerative medicine. Physical stimuli are involved in regulating stem cell differentiation, and in particular, research on the regulation of differentiation using gravity is an attractive choice. We have shown that microgravity is useful for maintaining undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the effects of hypergravity on the differentiation of MSCs, especially on neural differentiation related to neural regeneration, have not been elucidated. Methods We induced neural differentiation of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hbMSCs) for 10 days under normal gravity (1G) or hypergravity (3G) conditions using a gravity controller, Gravite®. HbMSCs were collected, and cell number and viability were measured 3 and 10 days after induction. RNA was also extracted from the collected hbMSCs, and the expression of neuron-associated genes and regulator markers of neural differentiation was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Additionally, we evaluated the NF-M-positive cell rate 10 days after induction using immunofluorescent staining. Results Neural gene expression and the NF-M-positive cell rate were increased in hbMSCs under the 3G condition 10 days after induction. mRNA expression of RNA binding motif protein 4 (RBM4) and pyruvate kinase M 1 (PKM1) in the 3G condition was also higher than that in the 1G group. Conclusions Hypergravity can enhance RBM4 and PKM1, promoting the neural differentiation of hbMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Teranishi
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kurose
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kei Nakagawa
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Louis Yuge
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan,Space Bio-Laboratories Co. Ltd. Hiroshima, Japan,Corresponding author. Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate school of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan. Fax: +81 82 257 5344.
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Ju Y, Hu Y, Yang P, Xie X, Fang B. Extracellular vesicle-loaded hydrogels for tissue repair and regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2022; 18:100522. [PMID: 36593913 PMCID: PMC9803958 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a collective term for nanoscale or microscale vesicles secreted by cells that play important biological roles. Mesenchymal stem cells are a class of cells with the potential for self-healing and multidirectional differentiation. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that EVs, especially those secreted by mesenchymal stem cells, can promote the repair and regeneration of various tissues and, thus, have significant potential in regenerative medicine. However, due to the rapid clearance capacity of the circulatory system, EVs are barely able to act persistently at specific sites for repair of target tissues. Hydrogels have good biocompatibility and loose and porous structural properties that allow them to serve as EV carriers, thereby prolonging the retention in certain specific areas and slowing the release of EVs. When EVs are needed to function at specific sites, the EV-loaded hydrogels can stand as an excellent approach. In this review, we first introduce the sources, roles, and extraction and characterization methods of EVs and describe their current application status. We then review the different types of hydrogels and discuss factors influencing their abilities to carry and release EVs. We summarize several strategies for loading EVs into hydrogels and characterizing EV-loaded hydrogels. Furthermore, we discuss application strategies for EV-loaded hydrogels and review their specific applications in tissue regeneration and repair. This article concludes with a summary of the current state of research on EV-loaded hydrogels and an outlook on future research directions, which we hope will provide promising ideas for researchers.
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Key Words
- 4-arm-PEG-MAL, four-armed polyethylene glycol (PEG) functionalized with maleimide group
- AD/CS/RSF, alginate-dopamine chondroitin sulfate and regenerated silk fibroin
- ADSC, Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells
- ADSC-EVs, adipose mesenchymal stem cells derived EVs
- ADSC-Exos, adipose mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes
- ATRP, Atom transfer radical polymerization
- BCA, bicinchoninic acid
- BMSC, Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
- BMSC-EVs, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived EVs
- BMSC-Exos, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes
- CGC, chitosan-gelatin-chondroitin sulfate
- CL, chitosan lactate
- CNS, central nervous system
- CPCs, cardiac progenitor cells
- CS-g-PEG, chitosan-g-PEG
- DPSC-Exos, dental pulp stem cells derived exosomes
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- EVMs, extracellular vesicles mimetics
- EVs, Extracellular vesicles
- Exos, Exosomes
- Exosome
- Extracellular vesicle
- FEEs, functionally engineered EVs
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- GelMA, Gelatin methacryloyl
- HA, Hyaluronic acid
- HAMA, Hyaluronic acid methacryloyl
- HG, nano-hydroxyapatite-gelatin
- HIF-1 α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α
- HS-HA, hypoxia-sensitive hyaluronic acid
- HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell
- Hydrogel
- LAP, Lithium Phenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphinate
- LSCM, laser scanning confocal microscopy
- MC-CHO, Aldehyde methylcellulose
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- MNs, microneedles
- MSC-EVs, mesenchymal stem cells derived EVs
- MSC-Exos, mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- NPCs, neural progenitor cells
- NTA, nanoparticle tracking analysis
- OHA, oxidized hyaluronic acid
- OSA, oxidized sodium alginate
- PDA, Polydopamine
- PDLLA, poly(D l-lactic acid)
- PDNPs-PELA, Polydopamine nanoparticles incorporated poly (ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-cap-rolactone-co-lactide)
- PEG, Polyethylene glycol
- PF-127, Pluronic F-127
- PHEMA, phenoxyethyl methacrylate
- PIC, photo-induced imine crosslinking
- PKA, protein kinase A system
- PLA, Poly lactic acid
- PLGA, polylactic acid-hydroxy acetic acid copolymer
- PLLA, poly(l-lactic acid)
- PPy, polypyrrole
- PVA, polyvinyl alcohol
- RDRP, Reversible deactivation radical polymerization
- Regeneration
- SCI, spinal cord injury
- SEM, Scanning electron microscopy
- SF, Silk fibroin
- SPT, single-particle tracking
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- Tissue repair
- UMSC, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells
- UMSC-EVs, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived EVs
- UMSC-Exos, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes
- UV, ultraviolet
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VEGF-R, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
- WB, western blotting
- dECM, decellularized ECM
- hiPS-MSC-Exos, human induced pluripotent stem cell-MSC-derived exosomes
- iPS-CPCs, pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac progenitors
- nHP, nanohydroxyapatite/poly-ε-caprolactone
- sEVs, small extracellular vesicles
- β-TCP, β-Tricalcium Phosphate
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Ju
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic (Burn) Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Hu
- School of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Yang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic (Burn) Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Xie
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bairong Fang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic (Burn) Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China,Corresponding author.
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Ye W, Huang Y, Zhu G, Yan A, Liu Y, Xiao H, Mei H. miR-30a inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of the tibia-derived MSCs in congenital pseudarthrosis via targeting HOXD8. Regen Ther 2022; 21:477-85. [PMID: 36313394 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is an uncommon congenital deformity and a special subtype of bone nonunion. The lower ability of osteogenic differentiation in CPT-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could result in progression of CPT, and miR-30a could inhibit osteogenic differentiation. However, the role of miR-30a in CPT-derived MSCs remains unclear. Methods The osteogenic differentiation of CPT-derived MSCs treated with the miR-30a inhibitor was tested by Alizarin Red S staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The expression levels of protein and mRNA were assessed by Western blot or quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively. The interplay between miR-30a and HOXD8 was investigated by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was conducted to assess the binding relationship between HOXD8 and RUNX2 promoter. Results CPT-derived MSCs showed a lower ability of osteogenic differentiation than normal MSCs. miR-30a increased in CPT-derived MSCs, and miR-30a downregulation promoted the osteogenic differentiation of CPT-derived MSCs. Meanwhile, HOXD8 is a direct target for miR-30a, and HOXD8 could transcriptionally activate RUNX2. In addition, miR-30a could inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of CPT-derived MSCs by negatively regulating HOXD8. Conclusion miR-30a inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of CPT-derived MSCs by targeting HOXD8. Thus, this study might supply a novel strategy against CPT.
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Key Words
- 3′-UTR, 3′-untranslated region
- ADSCs, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- ARS, Alizarin Red S
- CPT, congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia
- ChIP, chromatin immunoprecipitation
- Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia
- DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- HOXD8
- HOXD8, Homeobox D8
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- OCN, osteocalcin
- OPN, osteopontin
- RT-qPCR, Quantitative reverse transcription PCR
- RUNX2
- RUNX2, runt-related transcription factor 2
- SD, standard deviation
- miR-30a
- miRNAs, MicroRNAs
- mut, mutant
- wt, wild-type
- α-MEM, α-minimum essential medium
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Suzuki-Barrera K, Makishi S, Nakatomi M, Saito K, Ida-Yonemochi H, Ohshima H. Role of osteopontin in the process of pulpal healing following tooth replantation in mice. Regen Ther 2022; 21:460-468. [PMID: 36313391 PMCID: PMC9587125 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The role of osteopontin (OPN) following severe injury remains to be elucidated, especially its relationship with type I collagen (encoded by the Col1a1 gene) secretion by newly-differentiated odontoblast-like cells (OBLCs). In this study, we examined the role of OPN in the process of reparative dentin formation with a focus on reinnervation and revascularization after tooth replantation in Opn knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Methods Maxillary first molars of 2- and 3-week-old-Opn KO and WT mice (Opn KO 2W, Opn KO 3W, WT 2W, and WT 3W groups) were replanted, followed by fixation 3–56 days after operation. Following micro-computed tomography analysis, the decalcified samples were processed for immunohistochemistry for Ki67, Nestin, PGP 9.5, and CD31 and in situ hybridization for Col1a1. Results An intense inflammatory reaction occurred to disrupt pulpal healing in the replanted teeth of the Opn KO 3W group, whereas dental pulp achieved healing in the Opn KO 2W and WT groups. The tertiary dentin in the Opn KO 3W group was significantly decreased in area compared with the Opn KO 2W and WT groups, with a significantly low percentage of Nestin-positive, newly-differentiated OBLCs during postoperative days 7–14. In the Opn KO 3W group, the blood vessels were significantly decreased in area and pulp healing was disturbed with a failure of pulpal revascularization and reinnervation. Conclusions OPN is necessary for proper reinnervation and revascularization to deposit reparative dentin following severe injury within the dental pulp of erupted teeth with advanced root development. Osteopontin deficiency inhibits hard tissue formation in advanced erupted teeth. Odontoblast-like cells may be different origins between mild and severe injuries. Osteopontin has an important role for proper reinnervation and revascularization. Osteopontin is necessary to deposit reparative dentin in advanced erupted teeth.
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Key Words
- Animal model
- Blood supply
- Dentinogenesis
- GFP, green fluorescent protein
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- H2B, histone 2B
- Innervation
- KO, knockout
- M1, first molars
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- OBLCs, odontoblast-like cells
- OPN, osteopontin
- Osteopontin
- SCAP, stem cells derived from the apical papilla
- SCs, Schwann cells
- Tooth replantation
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- WT, wild-type
- μCT, micro-computed tomography
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoko Suzuki-Barrera
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Sanako Makishi
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Mitsushiro Nakatomi
- Department of Human, Information and Life Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kotaro Saito
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ida-Yonemochi
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan,Corresponding author. Fax: +81-25-227-0804.
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Ai A, Saremi J, Ebrahimi-Barough S, Fereydouni N, Mahmoodi T, Kazemi Rad N, Sarikhani P, Arash Goodarzi, Amidi F. Bridging potential of Taurine-loading PCL conduits transplanted with hEnSCs on resected sciatic nerves. Regen Ther 2022; 21:424-35. [PMID: 36274680 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of nerve conduits is a promising method for functional improvement in peripheral nerve repair. Besides choosing of a suitable polymer for conduit construction, adding factors such as Taurine improve a more advantageous microenvironment for defect nerve regeneration. Showing several major biological properties of Taurine, for example, regulation of the osmotic pressure, modulation of neurogenesis, and calcium hemostasis, makes it an appropriate option for repairing of defected nerves. To this, we examined repairing effects of Taurine-loading PCL conduits cultured with human endothelial stem cells (hEnSCs) on resected sciatic nerves. PCL/Taurine/Cell conduits transplanted to a 10-mm sciatic nerve gap. Forty-two wistar rats were randomly divided to seven groups: (1) Normal group, (2) Negative control (NC), (3) Positive control (nerve Autograft group), (4) PCL conduits group (PCL), (5) Taurine loaded PCL conduits group (PCL/Taurine), (6) hEnSCs cultured on the PCL conduits (PCL/Cell), (7) hEnSCs cultured on the PCL/Taurine conduits (PCL/Taurine/Cell). Functional recovery of motor and sensory nerves, the action potential of exciting muscle and motor distal latency has seen in PCL/Taurine/Cell conduits. Histological studies showed also remarkable nerve regeneration and obvious bridging has seen in this group. In conclusion, PCL/Taurine/Cell conduits showing suitable mechanical properties and biocompatibility may improve sciatic nerve regeneration.
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Key Words
- AD, Alzheimer's disease
- DAPI, diamidino phenylindole
- DPN, peripheral neuropathy
- ECM, extracellular matrix structure
- EMAP, muscle action potential
- EMG, electromyography
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- HPF, high power fields
- HPL, hotplate latency
- Human endothelial stem cells (hEnSCs)
- LFB, Luxol fast blue
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- MTT, dimethylthiazol diphenyl tetrazolium bromide
- NGC, nerve guidance conduits
- Nerve regeneration
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PCL, polycaprolactone
- PD, Parkinson's disease
- PNS, peripheral nerve system
- SFI, sciatic functionl index
- TCP, tissue culture plate
- Taurine
- WRL, withdrawal reflex latency
- hEnSCs, human endothelial stem cells
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do Nascimento RP, de Jesus LB, Oliveira-Junior MS, Almeida AM, Moreira ELT, Paredes BD, David JM, Souza BSF, de Fátima D Costa M, Butt AM, Silva VDA, Costa SL. Agathisflavone as a Single Therapy or in Association With Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Tissue Repair in a Spinal Cord Injury Model in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:858190. [PMID: 35479309 PMCID: PMC9037239 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.858190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Agathisflavone is a flavonoid with anti-neuroinflammatory and myelinogenic properties, being also capable to induce neurogenesis. This study evaluated the therapeutic effects of agathisflavone—both as a pharmacological therapy administered in vivo and as an in vitro pre-treatment aiming to enhance rat mesenchymal stem cells (r)MSCs properties–in a rat model of acute spinal cord injury (SCI). Adult male Wistar rats (n = 6/group) underwent acute SCI with an F-2 Fogarty catheter and after 4 h were treated daily with agathisflavone (10 mg/kg ip, for 7 days), or administered with a single i.v. dose of 1 × 106 rMSCs either unstimulated cells (control) or pretreated with agathisflavone (1 µM, every 2 days, for 21 days in vitro). Control rats (n = 6/group) were treated with a single dose methylprednisolone (MP, 60 mg/kg ip). BBB scale was used to evaluate the motor functions of the animals; after 7 days of treatment, the SCI area was analyzed after H&E staining, and RT-qPCR was performed to analyze the expression of neurotrophins and arginase. Treatment with agathisflavone alone or with of 21-day agathisflavone–treated rMSCs was able to protect the injured spinal cord tissue, being associated with increased expression of NGF, GDNF and arginase, and reduced macrophage infiltrate. In addition, treatment of animals with agathisflavone alone was able to protect injured spinal cord tissue and to increase expression of neurotrophins, modulating the inflammatory response. These results support a pro-regenerative effect of agathisflavone that holds developmental potential for clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravena P do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry of Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Lívia B de Jesus
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry of Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Markley S Oliveira-Junior
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry of Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Aurea M Almeida
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry of Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L T Moreira
- Department of Anatomy, Pathology and Veterinary Clinics, Hospital of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruno D Paredes
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Jorge M David
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruno S F Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ-BA, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima D Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry of Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,INCT-Translational Neuroscience (INCT-TN, BR), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Arthur M Butt
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Victor Diogenes A Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry of Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,INCT for Excitotoxicity and Neuroprotection (INCT-EN, BR), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Silvia L Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry of Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ-BA, Salvador, Brazil.,INCT for Excitotoxicity and Neuroprotection (INCT-EN, BR), Salvador, Brazil
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Arredondo R, Poggioli F, Martínez-Díaz S, Piera-Trilla M, Torres-Claramunt R, Tío L, Monllau JC. Fibronectin-coating enhances attachment and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells on a polyurethane meniscal scaffold. Regen Ther 2021; 18:480-486. [PMID: 34926733 PMCID: PMC8633527 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Partial meniscectomy is one of the most common surgical strategy for a meniscal injury, but sometimes, patients complain of knee pain due to an overload in the ablated compartment. In these cases, implantation of tissue engineering scaffold could be indicated. Currently, two commercial scaffolds, based on collagen or polycaprolactone-polyurethane (PCL-PU), are available for meniscus scaffolding. In short term follow-up assessments, both showed clinical improvement and tissue formation. However, long-term studies carried out in PCL-PU showed that the new tissue decreased in volume and assumed an irregular shape. Moreover, in some cases, the scaffold was totally reabsorbed, without new tissue formation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) combined with scaffolds could represents a promising approach for treating meniscal defects because of their multipotency and self-renewal. In this work, we aimed to compare the behaviour of MSCs and chondrocytes on a PCL-PU scaffold in vitro. MSCs express integrins that binds to fibronectin (FN), so we also investigate the effect of a FN coating on the bioactivity of the scaffold. Methods We isolated rabbit bone marrow MSCs (rBM-MSCs) from two skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits and stablished the optimum culture condition to expand them. Then, they were seeded over non-coated and FN-coated scaffolds and cultured in chondrogenic conditions. To evaluate cell functionality, we performed an MTS assay to compare cell proliferation between both conditions. Finally, a histologic study was performed to assess extracellular matrix (ECM) production in both samples, and to compare them with the ones obtained with rabbit chondrocytes (rCHs) seeded in a non-coated scaffold. Results A culture protocol based on low FBS concentration was set as the best for rBM-MSCs expansion. The MTS assay revealed that rBM-MSCs seeded on FN-coated scaffolds have more cells on proliferation (145%; 95% CI: 107%–182%) compared with rBM-MSCs seeded on non-coated scaffolds. Finally, the histologic study demonstrated that rCHs seeded on non-coated scaffolds displayed the highest production of ECM, followed by rBM-MSCs seeded on FN-coated scaffolds. Furthermore, both cell types produced a comparable ECM pattern. Conclusion These results suggest that MSCs have low capacity attachment to PCL-PU scaffolds, but the presence of integrin alpha5beta1 (FN-receptor) in MSCs allows them to interact with the FN-coated scaffolds. These results could be applied in the design of scaffolds, and might have important clinical implications in orthopaedic surgery of meniscal injuries. Cultures with low FBS are more suitable to isolation and expansion of rBM-MSC. PCL-PU scaffolds coated with FN show improve adhesion properties for rBM-MSCs. rBM-MSCs seeded in PCL-PU + FN produce ECM similar to the one produced by chondrocytes.
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Key Words
- AMT, allograft meniscus transplantation
- CMI, collagen meniscal implant
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- FN, fibronectin
- Fibronectin
- ITS, Insulin Transferrin Selenium
- MNCs, mononuclear cells
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- Meniscal injuries
- Mesenchymal stem cell
- PCL-PU, polycaprolactone-polyurethane
- PSR, picrosirius red
- Post-meniscectomy syndrome
- RT, room temperature
- Scaffolds
- Tissue engineering
- rBM, rabbit bone marrow
- rCHs, rabbit chondrocytes
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Arredondo
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Poggioli
- Orthopaedic Department, ICATME-Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, C/ Sabino de Arana 5-19, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Santos Martínez-Díaz
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Piera-Trilla
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Torres-Claramunt
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,Orthopaedic Department, ICATME-Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, C/ Sabino de Arana 5-19, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Tío
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan C Monllau
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,Orthopaedic Department, ICATME-Institut Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, C/ Sabino de Arana 5-19, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Yano M, Nasti A, Seki A, Ishida K, Yamato M, Inui H, Ogawa N, Inagaki S, Ho TTB, Kawaguchi K, Yamashita T, Arai K, Yamashita T, Mizukoshi E, Inoue O, Takashima S, Usui S, Takamura M, Honda M, Wada T, Kaneko S, Sakai Y. Characterization of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells of mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and their use for liver repair. Regen Ther 2021; 18:497-507. [PMID: 34926735 PMCID: PMC8649123 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Freshly isolated uncultured adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (u-ADSCs), containing miscellaneous cells like the relatively abundant mesenchymal stem cells, are attractive for repair and regenerative therapy. However, the detailed characteristics and therapeutic efficacy of u-ADSCs obtained from disease-affected hosts are unknown. We compared the properties of u-ADSCs obtained from wild-type mice and from a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Methods The NASH model was established by feeding C57BL/6J mice an atherogenic high-fat diet for 4 (NASH (4w)) or 12 weeks (NASH (12w)), followed by the isolation and characterization of u-ADSCs. Wild-type u-ADSCs or NASH-derived u-ADSCs were administered to mice with NASH cirrhosis, followed by analyses of hepatic inflammatory cells, antigen profiles, fibrosis, and gene expression. Results Wild-type u-ADSCs and NASH-derived u-ADSCs did not show marked differences in surface antigen profiles. In NASH (4w) u-ADSCs, but not NASH (12w) u-ADSCs, the frequencies of the leukocyte markers CD11b, CD45, and CD44 were elevated; furthermore, we observed an increase in the M1/M2 macrophage ratio only in NASH (12w) u-ADSCs. Only in NASH-4w u-ADSCs, the expression levels cell cycle-related genes were higher than those in u-ADSCs. Wild-type u-ADSCs administered to mice with NASH-related cirrhosis decreased the infiltration of CD11b+, F4/80+, and Gr-1+ inflammatory cells, ameliorated fibrosis, and had a restorative effect on liver tissues, as determined by gene expression profiles and the NAFLD activity score. The therapeutic effects of NASH (4w) u-ADSCs and NASH (12w) u-ADSCs on NASH-related cirrhosis were highly similar to the effect of wild-type u-ADSCs, including reductions in inflammation and fibrosis. Conclusions NASH-derived u-ADSCs, similar to wild-type u-ADSCs, are applicable for reparative and regenerative therapy in mice with NASH. Uncultured adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (u-ADSCs) in regenerative therapy. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mice model was established. We confirmed the efficacy of u-ADSCs for treatment of cirrhotic mice. We studied the NASH mouse model-derived u-ADSCs for treatment of cirrhotic mice. NASH-u-ADSCs and wild-type u-ADSCs are anti-inflammatory and effective for cirrhosis.
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Key Words
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- AT-HF, atherogenic high-fat
- Adipose tissue
- FCM, flow cytometry
- HICs, hepatic inflammatory cells
- LD, lactate dehydrogenase
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- Mesenchymal stem cells
- NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- NAS, NAFLD activity score
- NASH (12 w) u-ADSCs, NASH (12 weeks)-derived u-ADSCs
- NASH (4w) u-ADSCs, NASH (4 weeks)-derived u-ADSCs
- NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- Stromal cells
- qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
- u-ADSCs, uncultured adipose tissue-derived stromal cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Yano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Alessandro Nasti
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akihiro Seki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ishida
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yamato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiiro Inui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ogawa
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shingo Inagaki
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tuyen Thuy Bich Ho
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- Department of General Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Arai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Eishiro Mizukoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Oto Inoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Takashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Soichiro Usui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masao Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
- Corresponding author. Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan. Fax: +81 76 234 4250.
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Xu J, Zhang Z, Huang L, Xiong J, Zhou Z, Yu H, Wu L, Liu Z, Cao K. Let-7a suppresses Ewing sarcoma CSCs' malignant phenotype via forming a positive feedback circuit with STAT3 and lin28. J Bone Oncol 2021; 31:100406. [PMID: 34917467 PMCID: PMC8645918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2021.100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Let-7a was repressed in the cancer stem cells of Ewing sarcoma(ES-CSCs). Increase the expression of let-7a suppress the ability of colony formation and invasion of ES-CSCs. Let-7a, STAT3 and lin28 form a positive feedback circuit in ES-CSCs. Increase the expression of let-7a suppress xenograft tumor growth of ES-CSCs.
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been documented to be closely related with tumor metastasis and recurrence, and the same important role were identified in Ewing Sarcoma (ES). In our previous study, we found that let-7a expression was repressed in ES. Herein, we further identified its putative effects in the CSCs of ES (ES-CSCs). The expression of let-7a was consistently suppressed in the separated side population (SP) cells, which were identified to contain the characteristics of the stem cells. Then, we increased the expression of let-7a in ES-CSCs, and found that the ability of colony formation and invasion of ES-CSCs were suppressed in vitro. The same results were found in the tumor growth of ES-CSCs’ xenograft mice in vivo. To further explore the putative mechanism involved, we also explored whether signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was involved in the suppressive effects. As expected, excessive expression of let-7a could suppress the expression STAT3 in the ES-CSCs, and repressed the expression of STAT3 imitated the suppressive effects of let-7a on ES-CSCs, suppressing the ability of colony formation and invasion of ES-CSCs. Furthermore, we found lin28 was involved in the relative impacts of let-7a, as well as STAT3. Let-7a, STAT3 and lin28 might form a positive feedback circuit, which serve a pivotal role in the carcinogensis of ES-CSCs. These findings maybe provide assistance for patients with ES in the future, especially those with metastasis and recurrence, and new directions for their treatment.
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Key Words
- ABCG2, ATP-binding cassette transporter G 2
- ATCC, American Type Culture Collection
- CSCs, Cancer stem cells
- Cancer stem cells
- ES, Ewing Sarcoma
- ES-CSCs, CSCs of ES
- Ewing sarcoma
- FBS, fatal bovine serum
- Let-7a
- Lin28
- MMP2, Matrix Metallopeptidase 2
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- ORF, open reading frame
- PBS, phosphate buffer saline
- PI, propidium iodide
- SP, side populationl
- STAT3
- STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
- iPSCs, human induced pluripotent stem cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Zhongzu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, PR China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Children Health and Care, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Jiachao Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Zhenhai Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Honggui Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Zhimin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Kai Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
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Fukushima K, Itaba N, Kono Y, Okazaki S, Enokida S, Kuranobu N, Murakami J, Enokida M, Nagashima H, Kanzaki S, Namba N, Shiota G. Secreted matrix metalloproteinase-14 is a predictor for antifibrotic effect of IC-2-engineered mesenchymal stem cell sheets on liver fibrosis in mice. Regen Ther 2021; 18:292-301. [PMID: 34504910 PMCID: PMC8399086 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transplantation of IC-2-engineered bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) sheets (IC-2 sheets) was previously reported to potentially reduce liver fibrosis. Methods This study prepared IC-2-engineered cell sheets from multiple lots of BM-MSCs and examined the therapeutic effects of these cell sheets on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice. The predictive factors for antifibrotic effect on liver fibrosis were tried to identify in advance. Results Secreted matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-14 was found to be a useful predictive factor to reduce liver fibrosis. Moreover, the cutoff index of MMP-14 for 30% reduction of liver fibrosis was 0.918 fg/cell, judging from univariate analysis and receiver operating curve analysis. In addition, MMP-13 activity and thioredoxin contents in IC-2 sheets were also inversely correlated with hepatic hydroxyproline contents. Finally, IC-2 was also found to promote MMP-14 secretion from BM-MSCs of elderly patients. Surprisingly, the values of secreted MMP-14 from BM-MSCs of elderly patients were much higher than those of young persons. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the IC-2 sheets would be applicable to clinical use in autologous transplantation for patients with cirrhosis regardless of the patient's age. IC-2- sheets from multiple lots of BM-MSCs ameliorate liver fibrosis in mice. Secreted MMP-14 is a useful predictive marker to reduce liver fibrosis. MMP-13 and thioredoxin in IC-2 sheets were also associated with liver fibrosis. IC-2 also promotes MMP-14 secretion from BM-MSCs of elderly patients.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- BM-MSCs, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
- C3, complement C3
- CCl4, carbon tetrachloride
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- EDTA, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid
- FACS, Fluorescence-activated cell sorter
- FALD, fontan-associated liver disease
- GAPDH, Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- HCC, hepatic cellular carcinoma
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- HSCs, hepatic stellate cells
- Hepatic cell sheets
- IgG, immunoglobulin G
- LC, liver cirrhosis
- MMP-14, matrix metalloproteinase
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- Matrix metalloproteinase-14
- Mesenchymal stem cells
- Wnt/β-catenin signal inhibitor
- chronic liver injury
- hBM-MNCs, human bone marrow mononuclear cells
- iPS cells, induced pluripotent stem cells
- αSMA, α-smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Fukushima
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Noriko Itaba
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Yohei Kono
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Shizuma Okazaki
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Shinpei Enokida
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Naomi Kuranobu
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Jun Murakami
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Makoto Enokida
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Hideki Nagashima
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanzaki
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
- Asahigawaso Rehabilitation & Medical Center, Okayama, 703-8555, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Namba
- Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Goshi Shiota
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
- Corresponding author. Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan. Fax: +81-859-38-6430.
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Sakai Y, Fukunishi S, Takamura M, Kawaguchi K, Inoue O, Usui S, Takashima S, Seki A, Asai A, Tsuchimoto Y, Nasti A, Bich Ho TT, Imai Y, Yoshimura K, Murayama T, Yamashita T, Arai K, Yamashita T, Mizukoshi E, Honda M, Wada T, Harada K, Higuchi K, Kaneko S. Clinical trial of autologous adipose tissue-derived regenerative (stem) cells therapy for exploration of its safety and efficacy. Regen Ther 2021; 18:97-101. [PMID: 34095367 PMCID: PMC8165289 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Liver cirrhosis is the ultimate condition of chronic liver diseases. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and fatty liver diseases are emerging in association with metabolic syndrome largely due to excess nutrition. Stromal cells of adipose tissue are enriched mesenchymal stem cells which are pluripotent and immunomodulatory, which are expected to be applied for repairing/regenerative therapy of the impaired organs. Methods We conducted the multi-institutional clinical trial (Japanese UMIN Clinical Trial Registry: UMIN000022601) of cell therapy using freshly isolated autologous adipose tissue-derived regenerative (stem) cells (ADRCs), which are obtained by the investigational trial device, adipose tissue dissociation device, for liver cirrhosis patients due to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis or fatty liver disease, to exploratory assess efficacy as well as safety of this trial. We completed treatment and 24 weeks follow-up for 7 patients. Results We observed that 6 out of 7 patients' serum albumin concentration was improved. As for prothrombin activity, 5 out of 7 patients showed improvement. No trial-related adverse events, which were serious or non-serious, was observed. Besides, no malfunction of the investigational trial device was encountered. Conclusion Thus, treatment with autologous ADRCs obtained with the investigational trial device in steatohepatitis-related cirrhosis was confirmed to be safely conductible and potentially promising for the retaining or improving the impaired hepatic reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
- Corresponding author. 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan. Fax: +81 76 234 4250.
| | - Shinya Fukunishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Oto Inoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Soichiro Usui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Takashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akihiro Seki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akira Asai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsuchimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Alessandro Nasti
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tuyen Thuy Bich Ho
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Imai
- Innovative Clinical Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshimura
- Innovative Clinical Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshinori Murayama
- Innovative Clinical Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- Department of General Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Arai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Eishiro Mizukoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masao Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Higuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Xiao Q, Li X, Li Y, Wu Z, Xu C, Chen Z, He W. Biological drug and drug delivery-mediated immunotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:941-960. [PMID: 33996408 PMCID: PMC8105778 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The initiation and development of major inflammatory diseases, i.e., cancer, vascular inflammation, and some autoimmune diseases are closely linked to the immune system. Biologics-based immunotherapy is exerting a critical role against these diseases, whereas the usage of the immunomodulators is always limited by various factors such as susceptibility to digestion by enzymes in vivo, poor penetration across biological barriers, and rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system. Drug delivery strategies are potent to promote their delivery. Herein, we reviewed the potential targets for immunotherapy against the major inflammatory diseases, discussed the biologics and drug delivery systems involved in the immunotherapy, particularly highlighted the approved therapy tactics, and finally offer perspectives in this field.
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Key Words
- AAs, amino acids
- ACT, adoptive T cell therapy
- AHC, Chlamydia pneumonia
- ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- AP, ascorbyl palmitate
- APCs, antigen-presenting cells
- AS, atherosclerosis
- ASIT, antigen-specific immunotherapy
- Adoptive cell transfer
- ApoA–I, apolipoprotein A–I
- ApoB LPs, apolipoprotein-B-containing lipoproteins
- Atherosclerosis
- BMPR-II, bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor
- Biologics
- Bregs, regulatory B lymphocytes
- CAR, chimeric antigen receptor
- CCR9–CCL25, CC receptor 9–CC chemokine ligand 25
- CD, Crohn's disease
- CETP, cholesterol ester transfer protein
- CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4
- CX3CL1, CXXXC-chemokine ligand 1
- CXCL 16, CXC-chemokine ligand 16
- CXCR 2, CXC-chemokine receptor 2
- Cancer immunotherapy
- CpG ODNs, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides
- DAMPs, danger-associated molecular patterns
- DCs, dendritic cells
- DDS, drug delivery system
- DMARDs, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
- DMPC, 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine
- DSS, dextran sulfate sodium
- Dex, dexamethasone
- Drug delivery
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- ECs, endothelial cells
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- EPR, enhanced permeability and retention effect
- ET-1, endothelin-1
- ETAR, endothelin-1 receptor type A
- FAO, fatty acid oxidation
- GM-CSF, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- HA, hyaluronic acid
- HDL, high density lipoprotein
- HER2, human epidermal growth factor-2
- IBD, inflammatory bowel diseases
- ICOS, inducible co-stimulator
- ICP, immune checkpoint
- IFN, interferon
- IL, interleukin
- IT-hydrogel, inflammation-targeting hydrogel
- Immune targets
- Inflammatory diseases
- JAK, Janus kinase
- LAG-3, lymphocyte-activation gene 3
- LDL, low density lipoprotein
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- LTB4, leukotriene B4
- MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1
- MCT, monocrotaline
- MDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cell
- MHCs, major histocompatibility complexes
- MHPC, 1-myristoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-phosphocholine
- MIF, migration inhibitory factor
- MM, multiple myeloma
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- MOF, metal–organic framework
- MPO, myeloperoxidase
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- NF-κB, nuclear factor κ-B
- NK, natural killer
- NPs, nanoparticles
- NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- PAECs, pulmonary artery endothelial cells
- PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension
- PASMCs, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells
- PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PCSK9, proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9
- PD-1, programmed death protein-1
- PD-L1, programmed cell death-ligand 1
- PLGA, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid
- Pulmonary artery hypertension
- RA, rheumatoid arthritis
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SHP-2, Src homology 2 domain–containing tyrosine phosphatase 2
- SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus
- SMCs, smooth muscle cells
- Src, sarcoma gene
- TCR, T cell receptor
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor β
- TILs, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
- TIM-3, T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- TRAF6, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6
- Teff, effector T cell
- Th17, T helper 17
- Tph, T peripheral helper
- Tregs, regulatory T cells
- UC, ulcerative colitis
- VEC, vascular endothelial cadherin
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VISTA, V-domain immunoglobulin-containing suppressor of T-cell activation
- YCs, yeast-derived microcapsules
- bDMARDs, biological DMARDs
- hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
- mAbs, monoclonal antibodies
- mPAP, mean pulmonary artery pressure
- nCmP, nanocomposite microparticle
- rHDL, recombinant HDL
- rhTNFRFc, recombinant human TNF-α receptor II-IgG Fc fusion protein
- scFv, single-chain variable fragment
- α1D-AR, α1D-adrenergic receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Wei He
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
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Komabashiri N, Suehiro F, Ishii M, Nishimura M. Efficacy of chitinase-3-like protein 1 as an in vivo bone formation predictable marker of maxillary/mandibular bone marrow stromal cells. Regen Ther 2021; 18:38-50. [PMID: 33869686 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Maxillary/mandibular bone marrow stromal cells (MBMSCs) are a useful cell source for bone regeneration in the oral and maxillofacial region. To further ensure the clinical application of MBMSCs in bone regenerative therapy, it is important to determine the bone formation capacity of MBMSCs before transplantation. The aim of this study is to identify the molecular marker that determines the in vivo bone formation capacity of MBMSCs. Methods The cell growth, cell surface antigens, in vitro and in vivo bone formation capacity of MBMSCs were examined. The amount of chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) secreted into the conditioned medium was quantified. The effects of CHI3L1 on the cell growth and osteogenic differentiation potential of MBMSCs and on the cell growth and migration of vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts were examined. Results The cell growth, and in vitro and in vivo bone formation capacity of the cells treated with different conditions were observed. MBMSCs that secreted a large amount of CHI3L1 into the conditioned medium tended to have low in vivo bone formation capacity, whereas MBMSCs that secreted a small amount of CHI3L1 had greater in vivo bone formation capacity. CHI3L1 promoted the migration of vascular endothelial cells, and the cell growth and migration of fibroblasts. Conclusion Our study indicates that the in vitro osteogenic differentiation capacity of MBMSCs and the in vivo bone formation capacities of MBMSCs were not necessarily correlated. The transplantation of high CHI3L1 secretory MBMSCs may suppress bone formation by inducing fibrosis at the site. These results suggest that the CHI3L1 secretion levels from MBMSCs may be used as a predictable marker of bone formation capacity in vivo. In vitro and in vivo bone formation capacities of MBMSCs were not correlated. MBMSCs with high CHI3L1 secretion tended to have low in vivo bone formation. MBMSCs with low CHI3L1 secretion tended to have high in vivo bone formation. CHI3L1 can be in vivo bone formation capacity predictable marker of MBMSCs.
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Key Words
- ALP, Alkaline phosphatase
- BMSC, bone marrow-derived stem cell
- Bone formation capacity
- CHI3L1, chitinase-3-like protein 1
- Chitinase-3-like protein 1
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- Jaw bone marrow stromal cells
- MBMSC, maxillary/mandibular bone marrow stromal cells
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- Migration
- NHDF, normal human dermal fibroblasts
- α-MEM, alpha modified Eagle's minimum essential medium
- β-TCP, beta-tricalcium phosphate
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Fujii-Tezuka R, Ishige-Wada M, Nagoshi N, Okano H, Mugishima H, Takahashi S, Morioka I, Matsumoto T. Umbilical artery tissue contains p75 neurotrophin receptor-positive pericyte-like cells that possess neurosphere formation capacity and neurogenic differentiation potential. Regen Ther 2021; 16:1-11. [PMID: 33426237 PMCID: PMC7773767 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is known as an efficient marker for the prospective isolation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and neural crest-derived stem cells (NCSCs). To date, there is quite limited information concerning p75NTR-expressing cells in umbilical cord (UC), although UC is known as a rich source of MSCs. We show for the first time the localization, phenotype, and functional properties of p75NTR+ cells in UC. METHODS Human UC tissue sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry for MSC markers including p75NTR. Enzymatically isolated umbilical artery (UA) cells containing p75NTR+ cells were assessed for immunophenotype, clonogenic capacity, and differentiation potential. To identify the presence of neural crest-derived cells in the UA, P0-Cre/Floxed-EGFP reporter mouse embryos were used, and immunohistochemical analysis of UC tissue was performed. RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that p75NTR+ cells were specifically localized to the subendothelial area of the UA and umbilical vein. The p75NTR+ cells co-expressed PDGFRβ, CD90, CD146, and NG2, phenotypic markers of MSCs and pericytes. Isolated UA cells possessed the potential to form neurospheres that further differentiated into neuronal and glial cell lineages. Genetic lineage tracing analysis showed that EGFP+ neural crest-derived cells were detected in the subendothelial area of UA with p75NTR immunoreactivity. CONCLUSIONS These results show that UA tissue harbors p75NTR+ pericyte-like cells in the subendothelial area that have the capacity to form neurospheres and the potential for neurogenic differentiation. The lineage tracing data suggests the p75NTR+ cells are putatively derived from the neural crest.
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Key Words
- ASMA, α-smooth muscle actin
- BDNF, bone-derived neurotrophic factor
- CFU-F, colony-forming unit fibroblast
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamino-2-phenylindole
- DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- EGFP, enhanced green fluorescent protein
- EdU, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- FGF-2, fibroblast growth factor-2
- FSK, forskolin
- GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein
- MAP2, microtubule-associated protein 2
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- Mesenchymal stem cells
- NCSCs, neural crest-derived stem cells
- NF200, neurofilament 200
- NG2, neuron-glial antigen 2
- Neural crest stem cells
- Neurosphere
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor
- RA, all-trans-retinoic acid
- TBS, Tris-buffered saline
- UA, umbilical artery
- UC, umbilical cord
- UV, umbilical vein
- Umbilical cord
- WJ, Wharton's jelly
- p75 neurotrophin receptor
- p75NTR, p75 neurotrophin receptor
- vWF, von Willebrand factor
- α-MEM, alpha-modified minimum essential medium
- βME, β-mercaptoethanol
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Fujii-Tezuka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Ishige-Wada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Narihito Nagoshi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Mugishima
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Kawagoe Preventive Medical Center Clinic, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Shori Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taro Matsumoto
- Department of Functional Morphology, Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Baryshev M, Petrov N, Ryabov V, Popov B. Transient expression of inactive RB in mesenchymal stem cells impairs their adipogenic potential and is associated with hypermethylation of the PPARγ2 promoter. Genes Dis 2020; 9:165-175. [PMID: 35005116 PMCID: PMC8720652 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinoblastoma gene product (pRb) is a chromatin-associated protein that can either suppress or promote activity of key regulators of tissue-specific differentiation. We found that twelve weeks after transfection of the exogenous active (ΔB/X and Δр34) or inactive (ΔS/N) forms of RB into the 10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells and clonal selection not a single cell line did contain exogenous RB, despite being G-418 resistant. However, the consequences of the transient production of exogenous RB had different effects on the cell fate. The ΔB/X and Δр34 cells transfected with active form of RB showed elevated levels of inducible adipocyte differentiation (AD). On the contrary, the ΔS/N cells transfected with inactive RB mutant were insensitive to induction of AD associated with abolishing of expression of the PPARγ2. Additionally, the PPARγ2 promoter in undifferentiated ΔS/N cells was hypermethylated, but all except −60 position CpG became mostly demethylated after cells exposure to AD. We conclude that while transient expression of inactive exogenous RB induces long term epigenetic alterations that prevent adipogenesis, production of active exogenous RBs results in an AD-promoting epigenetic state. These results indicate that pRb is involved in the establishment of hereditary epigenetic memory at least by creating a methylation pattern of PPARγ2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Baryshev
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Riga Stradins University, Ratsupites 5, LV-1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Nikolai Petrov
- Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences, St.Petersburg, 4, Tikhoretsky Av., 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir Ryabov
- Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences, St.Petersburg, 4, Tikhoretsky Av., 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Boris Popov
- Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences, St.Petersburg, 4, Tikhoretsky Av., 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Suntar I, Sureda A, Belwal T, Sanches Silva A, Vacca RA, Tewari D, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Nabavi SF, Shirooie S, Dehpour AR, Xu S, Yousefi B, Majidinia M, Daglia M, D'Antona G, Nabavi SM. Natural products, PGC-1 α , and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:734-745. [PMID: 32528825 PMCID: PMC7276681 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a transcriptional coactivator that binds to a diverse range of transcription factors. PPARγ coactivator 1 (PGC-1) coactivators possess an extensive range of biological effects in different tissues, and play a key part in the regulation of the oxidative metabolism, consequently modulating the production of reactive oxygen species, autophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Owing to these findings, a large body of studies, aiming to establish the role of PGC-1 in the neuromuscular system, has shown that PGC-1 could be a promising target for therapies targeting neuromuscular diseases. Among these, some evidence has shown that various signaling pathways linked to PGC-1α are deregulated in muscular dystrophy, leading to a reduced capacity for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In the light of these results, any intervention aimed at activating PGC-1 could contribute towards ameliorating the progression of muscular dystrophies. PGC-1α is influenced by different patho-physiological/pharmacological stimuli. Natural products have been reported to display modulatory effects on PPARγ activation with fewer side effects in comparison to synthetic drugs. Taken together, this review summarizes the current knowledge on Duchenne muscular dystrophy, focusing on the potential effects of natural compounds, acting as regulators of PGC-1α.
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Key Words
- AAV, adeno-associated virus
- AMP, adenosine monophosphate
- AMPK, 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
- ASO, antisense oligonucleotides
- ATF2, activating transcription factor 2
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- BMD, Becker muscular dystrophy
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- CREB, cyclic AMP response element-binding protein
- CnA, calcineurin a
- DAGC, dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex
- DGC, dystrophin–glycoprotein complex
- DMD, Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- DRP1, dynamin-related protein 1
- DS, Down syndrome
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGCG, epigallocatechin-3-gallate
- ERRα, estrogen-related receptor alpha
- FDA, U. S. Food and Drug Administration
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- FOXO1, forkhead box class-O1
- GABP, GA-binding protein
- GPX, glutathione peroxidase
- GSK3b, glycogen synthase kinase 3b
- HCT, hydrochlorothiazide
- HDAC, histone deacetylase
- HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factors
- IL, interleukin
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
- MD, muscular dystrophy
- MEF2, myocyte enhancer factor 2
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation
- Muscular dystrophy
- MyoD, myogenic differentiation
- NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- NMJ, neuromuscular junctions
- NO, nitric oxide
- NOS, NO synthase
- Natural product
- PDGF, platelet derived growth factor
- PGC-1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1
- PPARγ activation
- PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Reactive oxygen species
- SIRT1, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- SPP1, secreted phosphoprotein 1
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- UCP, uncoupling protein
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate
- iPSCs, induced pluripotent stem cells
- p38 MAPK, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
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Sogawa K, Okawa R, Yachiku K, Shiozaki M, Miura T, Takayanagi H, Shibata T, Ezoe S. Effects of continuous exposure to low concentration of ClO 2 gas on the growth, viability, and maintenance of undifferentiated MSCs in long-term cultures. Regen Ther 2020; 14:184-190. [PMID: 32128355 PMCID: PMC7042415 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hygienic management is more important in the manufacturing of cell products than in the production of chemical agents, because cell material and final product cannot be decontaminated. On the other hand, especially in the selection of hygienic agent, the adverse effects on the cells must be considered as well as the decontamination effect. ClO2 is a potent disinfectant, which is now expected as a safe and effective hygienic agent in the field of cell production. In this study, we investigated the effects of low dose ClO2 gas in the atmosphere of CO2 incubator on the characteristics of MSCs cultured in it. Methods First, we installed a ClO2 generator to a CO2 incubator for cell culture in which a constant level of ClO2 can be maintained. After culturing human cord derived MSCs in the CO2 incubator, the characteristics of cells were analyzed. Results Continuous exposure to 0.05 ppmv of ClO2 gas did not affect cell proliferation until at least 8th passage. In the FACS analysis, antigens usually expressed on MSCs, CD105, CD90, CD44, CD73 and CD29, were positively observed, but differentiation markers, CD11b and CD34, were little expressed on the MSCs exposed to 0.05 ppmv or 0.1 ppmv of ClO2 gas just as on the control cells. Also in the investigation for cell death, 0.05 ppmv and 0.1 ppmv of ClO2 gas little affected the viability, apoptosis or necrosis of MSCs. Furthermore, we assessed senescence using SA-β-gal staining. Although the frequency of stained cells cultured in 0.1 ppmv of ClO2 gas was significantly increased than that of not exposed cells, the stained cells in 0.05 ppmv were rare and their frequency was almost the same as that in control. Conclusions All these results indicate that, although excessive concentration of ClO2 gas induces senescence but neither apoptosis nor cell differentiation, exposure to 0.05 ppmv of ClO2 gas little affected the characteristics of MSCs. In this study we demonstrate that continuous exposure to appropriate dose of ClO2 gas can be safely used as decontamination agent in cell processing facilities. Continuous exposure to low concentration of ClO2 gas little affected to of MSCs. Higher concentration of ClO2 gas induced senescence to MSCs. The most suitable concentration for the continuous of ClO2 gas exposure during the culture of MSCs was identified.
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Key Words
- Cell processing
- Chlorine dioxide (ClO2)
- ClO2, chlorine dioxide
- EPA, Environmental Protection Agency
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- H2O2, hydrogen peroxide
- HEPA, high efficiency particulate air
- Hygienic management
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
- OSHA, Occupational Safety and Health Administration
- PMD Act, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Act
- Senescence
- TWA, time weight average
- WHO, World Health Organization
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushirou Sogawa
- Department of Environmental Space Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine/Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryoma Okawa
- Department of Environmental Space Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine/Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenji Yachiku
- Department of Environmental Space Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine/Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Motoko Shiozaki
- Department of Environmental Space Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine/Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takanori Miura
- Department of Environmental Space Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine/Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takayanagi
- Department of Environmental Space Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine/Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Shibata
- Strategic Global Partnership Cross-Innovation Initiative, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sachiko Ezoe
- Department of Environmental Space Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine/Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Corresponding author. Department of Environmental Space Infection Control, Graduate School of Medicine/Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. Fax: +81 6 6105 6098. .
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Ouchi T, Nakagawa T. Mesenchymal stem cell-based tissue regeneration therapies for periodontitis. Regen Ther 2020; 14:72-78. [PMID: 31970269 PMCID: PMC6962327 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is commonly observed and is an important concern in dental health. It is characterized by a multifactorial etiology, including imbalance of oral microbiota, mechanical stress, and systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The current standard treatments for periodontitis include elimination of the microbial pathogen and application of biomaterials for treating bone defects. However, the periodontal tissue regeneration via a process consistent with the natural tissue formation process has not yet been achieved. Developmental biology studies state that periodontal tissue is composed of neural crest-derived ectomesenchyme. To elucidate the process of periodontal regeneration, it is essential to understand the developmental background and intercellular cross-talk. Several recent studies have reported the efficacy of transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells for periodontal tissue regeneration. In this review, we discuss the basic knowledge of periodontal tissue regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells and highlight the potential of stem cell-based periodontal regenerative medicine. Neural crest cells regulate the development and homeostasis of periodontal tissues. Dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are used for treating alveolar bone defects. Non-odontogenic MSCs can be investigated for periodontal tissue regeneration. Using appropriate growth factors and scaffold may improve periodontium regeneration.
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Key Words
- BMMSCs, bone marrow MSCs
- BMP, bone morphogenetic protein
- C-MSCs, clumps of MSC/ECM complexes
- DFSCs, dental follicle stem cells
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- GDF-5, growth/differentiation factor-5
- HERS, Hertwig epithelial root sheath
- IFN-γ, interferon-gamma
- IGFBP-6, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-6
- LepR, leptin receptor
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- Mesenchymal stem cells
- NCCs, neural crest cells
- PDGFRα, platelet derived growth factor receptor α
- PDL, periodontal ligament
- PDLSCs, periodontal ligament stem cells
- Periodontal tissue
- Periodontitis
- Pluripotent stem cells
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha
- Tissue regeneration
- Wnt, wingless-INT
- iPSC-MSCs, iPSC-derived MSCs
- iPSCs, induced pluripotent stem cells
- scRNA-seq, single-cell RNA sequence
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehito Ouchi
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Taneaki Nakagawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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Shibata S, Hayashi R, Okubo T, Kudo Y, Baba K, Honma Y, Nishida K. The secretome of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human corneal epithelium. Regen Ther 2019; 11:114-122. [PMID: 31312693 PMCID: PMC6609787 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) induces the loss of cell–cell interactions in polarized epithelial cells and converts these cells to invasive mesenchymal-like cells. It is also involved in tissue fibrosis including that occurring in some ocular surface diseases such as pterygium and in subepithelial corneal fibrosis in limbal stem cell deficiency. Here, we examined the effects of the secretome of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) on EMT in human corneal epithelial cells (CECs). Methods EMT was induced with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in primary human CECs isolated from the human corneal limbus. The effects of the AdMSC secretome on EMT in these cells or stratified CEC sheets were analyzed by co-cultivation experiments with the addition of AdMSC conditioned-medium. The expression of EMT-related genes and proteins in CECs was analyzed. The superstructure of CECs was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the barrier function of CEC sheets was analyzed by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). Results The AdMSC secretome was found to suppress EMT-related gene expression and attenuate TGF-β-induced corneal epithelial dysfunction including the dissociation of cell–cell interactions and decreases in TER in constructed CEC sheets. Conclusions The secretome of AdMSCs can inhibit TGF-β-induced EMT in CECs. These findings suggest that this could be a useful source for the treatment for EMT-related ocular surface diseases. Application of MSC secretome has potential as a cell-free therapy. AdMSC secretome attenuates EMT-related expression in corneal epithelial cells (CECs). AdMSC secretome mitigates TGF-β-induced inhibition of cell–cell interactions in CECs. AdMSC secretome abrogates TGF-β-mediated barrier disruption in CEC sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Shibata
- Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Research and Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Hayashi
- Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Corresponding author. Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toru Okubo
- Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Research and Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Yuji Kudo
- Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Research and Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Koichi Baba
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoichi Honma
- Department of Stem Cells and Applied Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Research and Development Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka 544-8666, Japan
| | - Kohji Nishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Morikawa K, Nakamura K, Suyama Y, Yamamoto K, Fukuoka K, Yagi S, Shirayoshi Y, Ohbayashi T, Hisatome I. Novel dual-reporter transgenic rodents enable cell tracking in animal models of stem cell transplantation. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 18:100645. [PMID: 31193220 PMCID: PMC6522658 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we have established a novel transgenic mouse and transgenic rats with dual reporters of EGFP and ELuc. In these transgenic (Tg) rodents, both GFP fluorescent and luciferase luminescent signals were ubiquitously detected in the heart, liver, kidney and testis, while only the GFP signal was detected in the brain. This expression system is based on a P2A linked EGFP/ELuc protein allowing both signals to be generated simultaneously. Microscopy experiments, FCM, and luciferase assays showed strong expression in freshly isolated ADSCs from Tg rodents upon transplantation of Tg rat-derived ADSCs into wild-type-mice. The ELuc transgene signal was observed and traced in vivo, and EGFP positive cells could be recovered from ELuc positive tissues in engraftment sites of wild-type mice for multiple analysis. These dual reporter Tg rodents are a useful reconstituted model system of regenerative medicine and are a valuable tool to study stem cells. Establishment of dual reporter transgenic mice and rats, which express luciferase and GFP in all organs. Both luciferase and GFP signals were detected by in vivo imaging using their respective antibodies. Isolated mesenchymal stem cells from transgenic rodents showed both luciferase and GFP signals. Implantation of transgenic mesenchymal stem cells enables cell tracking in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Morikawa
- Center for Promoting Next-Generation Highly Advanced Medicine, Tottori University Hospital, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Nakamura
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan.,Animal Research Facility, Advanced Medicine & Translational Research Center, Organization for Research Initiative and Promotion, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Suyama
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Yamamoto
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Kohei Fukuoka
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan
| | - Shunjiro Yagi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Shirayoshi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ohbayashi
- Animal Research Facility, Advanced Medicine & Translational Research Center, Organization for Research Initiative and Promotion, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hisatome
- Center for Promoting Next-Generation Highly Advanced Medicine, Tottori University Hospital, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan.,Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
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21
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Ding X, Li W, Chen D, Zhang C, Wang L, Zhang H, Qin N, Sun Y. Asperosaponin VI stimulates osteogenic differentiation of rat adipose-derived stem cells. Regen Ther 2019; 11:17-24. [PMID: 31193169 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the aging population, the decrease on osteogenic differentiation resulted into a significant reduction in bone formation. Bone tissue engineering has been a successful technique for treatment of bone defects. It is reported that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have pluripotency to differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts. However little is revealed about the effect of the herbal medicine Asperosaponin VI (ASA VI) on ADSCs differentiation. In our study, we isolated and identified ADSCs from rats. We examined the effect of different concentrations of ASA VI in ADSCs on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, the expression of bone-related proteins and the release of inflammatory cytokines. Flowcytometry assay showed ADSCs were highly expressed CD44 and CD105, but hardly expressed CD34 and CD45, suggesting ADSCs were successfully isolated for follow-up experiments. ALP activity examination and Alizarin red (AR) stain showed that ASA VI enhanced the ALP activity and promoted matrix mineralization in ADSCs. In addition, bone-related protein OCN and RUNX2, and Smad2/3 phosphorylation was upregulated after ASA VI treatment in ADSCs. ELISA results showed that ASA VI blocked the release of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in ADSCs. Considering this results, we concluded that ASA VI promotes osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs through inducing the expression of bone-related proteins. These findings enriched the function of ASA VI as a regenerative medicine and shed new light for the treatment of bone defects in clinical research.
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Imura T, Otsuka T, Kawahara Y, Yuge L. "Microgravity" as a unique and useful stem cell culture environment for cell-based therapy. Regen Ther 2019; 12:2-5. [PMID: 31890760 PMCID: PMC6933149 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy using mesenchymal stem cells or pluripotent stem cells such as induced pluripotent stem cells has seen dramatic progress in recent years. Part of cell-based therapy are already covered by public medical insurance. Recently, researchers have attempted to improve therapeutic effects toward various diseases by cell transplantation. Culture environment is considered to be one of the most important factors affecting therapeutic effects, in particular factors such as physical stimuli, because cells have the potential to adapt to their surrounding environment. In this review, we provide an overview of the research on the effects of gravity alteration on cell kinetics such as proliferation or differentiation and on potential therapeutic effects, and we also summarize the remarkable possibilities of the use of microgravity culture in cell-based therapy for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Imura
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Otsuka
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Louis Yuge
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Space Bio-Laboratories Co., Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan
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23
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Raveling AR, Theodossiou SK, Schiele NR. A 3D printed mechanical bioreactor for investigating mechanobiology and soft tissue mechanics. MethodsX 2018; 5:924-32. [PMID: 30167382 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical loading is an important cue for directing stem cell fate and engineered tissue formation in vitro. Stem cells cultured on 2-dimensional (D) substrates and in 3D scaffolds have been shown to differentiate toward bone, tendon, cartilage, ligament, and skeletal muscle lineages depending on their exposure to mechanical stimuli. To apply this mechanical stimulus in vitro, mechanical bioreactors are needed. However, current bioreactor systems are challenged by their high cost, limited ability for customization, and lack of force measurement capabilities. We demonstrate the use of 3-dimensional printing (3DP) technology to design and fabricate a low-cost custom bioreactor system that can be used to apply controlled mechanical stimuli to cells in culture and measure the mechanical properties of small soft tissues. The results of our in vitro studies and mechanical evaluations show that 3DP technology is feasible as a platform for developing a low-cost, customizable, and multifunctional mechanical bioreactor system. • 3DP technology was used to print a multifunctional bioreactor system/tensile load frame for a fraction of the cost of commercial systems. • The system mechanically stimulated cells in culture and evaluated the mechanical properties of soft tissues. • This system is easily customizable and can be used to evaluate multiple types of soft tissues.
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Key Words
- 3D printing
- 3DP, 3-dimensional printing
- ABS, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
- CAD, computer-aided design
- D, dimensional
- DAPI, 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DAQ, data acquisition device
- DMEM, Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium
- Design and fabrication of a 3D printed mechanical bioreactor system and small-scale tensile load frame
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- MSC-constructs, MSC-seeded collagen sponges
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- MTTFs, mouse tail tendon fascicles
- Mechanical bioreactor
- Mechanobiology
- NI, National Instruments
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- Soft tissue biomechanics
- Stem cells
- Tissue engineering
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Ramanathan R, Rupert S, Selvaraj S, Satyanesan J, Vennila R, Rajagopal S. Role of Human Wharton's Jelly Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (WJ-MSCs) for Rescue of d-Galactosamine Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2017; 7:205-214. [PMID: 28970707 PMCID: PMC5620364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent precursor cells having self-renewal ability making them a candidate for use in regenerative medicine. Acute liver injury results in sudden loss of hepatic function leading to organ failure. Liver transplantation is often required to salvage patients with acute liver failure. Due to shortage of organs, identification of alternate method is the need of the hour. In view of this, an attempt has been made to check the regenerative ability of WJ-MSCs (wharton's jelly derived MSC) in mice models for acute liver injury. METHODS Swiss albino mice weighing 25 ± 5 g were used in this study. The control mice (Group I), was given saline. Group II mice received d-Galactosamine (d-GalN-800 mg/kg; i.p). Group III mice similar with Group II, received WJ-MSCs (5 × 105 cells/0.5 ml DMEM) through tail vein, 24 h after d-GalN administration and Group IV mice received MSC alone. RESULTS Parameters, indicative of hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress were analyzed. A two-fold elevation in the marker enzymes of liver toxicity such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (SAP), and total serum bilirubin (TBIL) confirms hepatocellular injury, while a greater than four-fold increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, along with around 40% fall in superoxide-dis-mutase (SOD) activity was indicative of oxidative stress and loss of hepatocellular membrane integrity induced by d-GalN. The above biochemical and pathological changes were significantly restored in mice that received WJ-MSCs indicating hepatoprotective and probable regenerative property. CONCLUSION The present study showed that WJ-MSC treatment is able to rescue/ameliorate the hepatotoxicity induced by d-GalN in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Ramanathan
- Centre for Advanced Research, Stem Cell Research Centre, Govt. Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Secunda Rupert
- Centre for Advanced Research, Stem Cell Research Centre, Govt. Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sakthivel Selvaraj
- Centre for Advanced Research, Stem Cell Research Centre, Govt. Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jeswanth Satyanesan
- Centre for Advanced Research, Stem Cell Research Centre, Govt. Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rosy Vennila
- Centre for Advanced Research, Stem Cell Research Centre, Govt. Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Surendran Rajagopal
- Director, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Centre for Surgery & Transplantation, MIOT International, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
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25
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Huynh NCN, Everts V, Ampornaramveth RS. Histone deacetylases and their roles in mineralized tissue regeneration. Bone Rep 2017; 7:33-40. [PMID: 28856178 PMCID: PMC5565747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone acetylation is an important epigenetic mechanism that controls expression of certain genes. It includes non-sequence-based changes of chromosomal regional structure that can alter the expression of genes. Acetylation of histones is controlled by the activity of two groups of enzymes: the histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). HDACs remove acetyl groups from the histone tail, which alters its charge and thus promotes compaction of DNA in the nucleosome. HDACs render the chromatin structure into a more compact form of heterochromatin, which makes the genes inaccessible for transcription. By altering the transcriptional activity of bone-associated genes, HDACs control both osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. This review presents an overview of the function of HDACs in the modulation of bone formation. Special attention is paid to the use of HDAC inhibitors in mineralized tissue regeneration from cells of dental origin. HDACs regulate the transcription activity of bone related genes. Inhibition of HDAC promotes osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation. HDAC inhibitors are applicable for mineral tissue regeneration therapy.
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Key Words
- ADSCs, adipose tissue-derived stem cells
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- BSP, bone sialoprotein
- Bone regeneration
- COL1, type I collagen
- DMP1, dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1
- DPSCs, dental-derived stem cells
- DSPP, dentin sialophosphoprotein
- Dentin formation
- Epigenetic
- GSK-3, glycogen synthase kinase
- HAT, histone acetyltransferase
- HDAC, histone deacetylase
- Histone acetyltransferase
- Histone deacetylase
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- NaB, sodium butyrate
- OCN, osteocalcin
- OPN, osteopontin
- PCL/PEG, polycaprolactone/polyethylene glycol
- RUNX2, runt-related transcription factor 2
- SOST, sclerostin
- TGF-β/BMP, transforming growth factor-β/bone morphogenetic protein
- TSA, Trichostatin A
- VPA, valproic acid
- WNT/β-catenin, Wingless-int
- hPDLCs, human periodontal ligament cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Cong-Nhat Huynh
- Department of Dental Basic Sciences, Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Vincent Everts
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Research Institute MOVE, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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26
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Sakamoto N, Honma R, Sekino Y, Goto K, Sentani K, Ishikawa A, Oue N, Yasui W. Non-coding RNAs are promising targets for stem cell-based cancer therapy. Noncoding RNA Res 2017; 2:83-87. [PMID: 30159424 PMCID: PMC6096406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The term “non-coding RNA” (ncRNA) is generally used to indicate RNA that does not encode a protein and includes several classes of RNAs, such as microRNA and long non-coding RNA. Several lines of evidence suggest that ncRNAs appear to be involved in a hidden layer of biological procedures that control various levels of gene expression in physiology and development including stem cell biology. Stem cells have recently constituted a revolution in regenerative medicine by providing the possibility of generating suitable cell types for therapeutic use. Here, we review the recent progress that has been made in elaborating the interaction between ncRNAs and tissue/cancer stem cells, discuss related technical and biological challenges, and highlight plausible solutions to surmount these difficulties. This review particularly emphasises the involvement of ncRNAs in stem cell biology and in vivo modulation to treat and cure specific pathological disorders especially in cancer. We believe that a better understanding of the molecular machinery of ncRNAs as related to pluripotency, cellular reprogramming, and lineage-specific differentiation is essential for progress of cancer therapy.
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Key Words
- CD, cytosine deaminase
- CSC, cancer stem cell
- EMT, epithelial to mesenchymal transition
- ESCs, embryonic stem cells
- MET, mesenchymal to epithelial transition
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- Non-coding RNA
- Stem cell-based therapy
- T-UCR, transcribed ultraconserved region
- Transcribed ultraconserved region
- iPSCs, induced pluripotent stem cells
- lincRNA, long inverting non-coding RNA
- lncRNA, long ncRNA
- miRNAs, microRNAs
- ncRNAs, non-coding RNAs
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ririno Honma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yohei Sekino
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keisuke Goto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, United States
| | - Kazuhiro Sentani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naohide Oue
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Wataru Yasui
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Fujita M, Otani H, Iwasaki M, Yoshioka K, Shimazu T, Shiojima I, Tabata Y. Antagomir-92a impregnated gelatin hydrogel microsphere sheet enhances cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction in rats. Regen Ther 2016; 5:9-16. [PMID: 31245495 PMCID: PMC6581790 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction We investigated whether attachment of gelatin hydrogel microsphere (GHM) sheet impregnated with antagomir-92a on the infarcted heart promotes angiogenesis and cardiomyogenesis, and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Methods GHM sheet impregnated with antagomir-92a, its scramble sequence antagomir-control sheet or the sheet alone was attached on the area at risk of MI after the left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was included in the sheet to trace proliferating cells. Results The antagomir-92a sheet significantly increased capillary density in the infarct border zone 14 days after MI compared to the antagomir-control sheet or the sheet alone, associated with an increase in endothelial cells incorporated with BrdU. The antagomir-92a sheet significantly increased cardiac stem cells incorporated with BrdU 3 days after MI in the infarct border zone. This was associated with an increase in cardiomyocytes incorporated with BrdU 14 days after MI. Scar area was significantly reduced by the antagomir-92a sheet compared to the antagomir-control sheet or the sheet alone (12.8 ± 1.3 vs 25.2 ± 2.2, 24.0 ± 1.7% LV area, respectively) 14 days after MI. LV dilatation was inhibited, and LV wall motion was improved 14 days after MI in rats with the antagomir-92a sheet compared to the antagomir-control sheet or the sheet alone. Conclusions These results suggest that attachment of the GHM sheet impregnated with antagomir-92a on the area at risk of MI enhances angiogenesis, promotes cardiomyogenesis, and ameliorates LV function.
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Key Words
- Angiogenesis
- BrdU, bromodeoxyuridine
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DDA, double-distilled water
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- FS, fractional shortening
- GA, glutaraldehyde
- GHM, gelatin hydrogel microsphere
- Gelatin hydrogel microsphere
- Heart regeneration
- LAD, left anterior descending
- LV, left ventricular
- LVDd, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter
- LVDs, left ventricular end-systolic diameter
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- MicroRNA-92a
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- miRs, microRNAs
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Fujita
- Department of Medicine II, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi City, Japan
| | - Hajime Otani
- Department of Medicine II, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi City, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Iwasaki
- Department of Medicine II, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi City, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshioka
- Department of Medicine II, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi City, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shimazu
- Department of Medicine II, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi City, Japan
| | - Ichiro Shiojima
- Department of Medicine II, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi City, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto City, Japan
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Abstract
End-stage liver disease and liver failure are major health problems worldwide leading to high mortality and morbidity and high healthcare costs. Currently, orthotropic liver transplantation is the only effective treatment available to the patients of end-stage liver disease. However, a serious shortage of liver donors, high cost, and risk of organ rejection are the major obstacles to liver transplantation. Because of the ability of stem cells for differentiation into any tissue type, they have huge potential in therapy of various end-stage or degenerative diseases and traumatic injuries. Stem cell therapy has the potential to provide a valuable adjunct and alternative to liver transplantation and has immense potential in the management of end stage liver disease and liver failure. Stem cell therapy can be mediated by either a direct contribution to the functional hepatocyte population with embryonic, induced pluripotent, or adult stem cells or by promotion of endogenous regenerative processes with bone marrow-derived stem cells. Initial translational studies have been encouraging and have suggested improved liver function in advanced chronic liver disease and enhanced liver regeneration after portal vein embolization and partial hepatic resection. Stem cells infusion in cirrhotic patients has improved liver parameters and could form a viable bridge to transplantation. The present review summarizes basic of stem cell biology relevant to clinicians and an update on recent advances on the management of liver diseases using stem cells.
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Key Words
- AFP, alpha (α)-fetoprotein
- BM, bone marrow
- EPCAM, epithelial cell adhesion molecule
- ES, embryonic stem
- FSCs, fetal stem cells
- HPC, hepatic progenitor cells
- HSC, hematopoietic stem cells
- Hepatocyte transplantation
- ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- NCAM, neural cell adhesion molecule
- UCB, umbilical cord blood
- hAECs, human amniotic epithelial cells
- iPSCs, induced pluripotent stem cells
- liver transplantation
- stem cell
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
- Special Center for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- Address for correspondence: Dr Ashish Kumar MD DM, Associate Professor, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), D-1, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi-110070, India
| | - Nirupama Trehan Pati
- Department of Research, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
- Special Center for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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