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Huang J, Sun C, Huang Z, Zhu Y, Chen SX. Upregulation of coagulation factor V by glucocorticoid in the preovulatory follicles of zebrafish. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 241:106521. [PMID: 38631601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Increased cortisol levels in the preovulatory follicular fluid suggests a role of glucocorticoid in human ovulation. However, the mechanisms through which cortisol regulates the ovulatory process remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined the upregulation of f5 mRNA by glucocorticoid and its receptor (Gr) in the preovulatory follicles of zebrafish. Our findings demonstrate a significant increase in 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (hsd11b2), a cortisol response gene, in preovulatory follicles. Additionally, hydrocortisone exerts a dose- and time-dependent upregulation of f5 mRNA in these follicles. Importantly, this stimulatory effect is Gr-dependent, as it was completely abolished in gr-/- mutants. Furthermore, site-directed mutagenesis identified a glucocorticoid response element (GRE) in the promoter of zebrafish f5. Interestingly, successive incubation of hydrocortisone and the native ovulation-inducing steroid, progestin (17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, DHP), further enhanced f5 expression in preovulatory follicles. Overall, our results indicate that the dramatic increase of f5 expression in preovulatory follicles is partially attributable to the regulation of glucocorticoid and Gr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; Department of Biology, East Carolina University, 101 E. 10th Street, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Shi Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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2
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Abd-Elkareem M, Khormi MA, Mohamed RH, Ali F, Hassan MS. Histological, immunohistochemical and serological investigations of the ovary during follicular phase of estrous cycle in Saidi sheep. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:98. [PMID: 38461282 PMCID: PMC10924360 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03933-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saidi sheep are the most abundant ruminant livestock species in Upper Egypt, especially in the Assiut governorate. Sheep are one of the most abundant animals raised for food in Egypt. They can convert low-quality roughages into meat and milk in addition to producing fiber and hides therefore; great opportunity exists to enhance their reproduction. Saidi breed is poorly known in terms of reproduction. So this work was done to give more information on some hormonal, oxidative, and blood metabolites parameters in addition to histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical investigations of the ovary during follicular phase of estrous cycle. The present study was conducted on 25 healthy Saidi ewes for serum analysis and 10 healthy ewes for histological assessment aged 2 to 5 years and weighted (38.5 ± 2.03 kg). RESULTS The follicular phase of estrous cycle in Saidi sheep was characterized by the presence of ovarian follicles in different stages of development and atresia in addition to regressed corpus luteum. Interestingly, apoptosis and tissue oxidative markers play a crucial role in follicular and corpus luteum regression. The most prominent features of the follicular phase were the presence of mature antral (Graafian) and preovulatory follicles as well as increased level of some blood metabolites and oxidative markers. Here we give a new schematic sequence of ovarian follicles in Saidi sheep and describing the features of different types. We also clarified that these histological pictures of the ovary was influenced by hormonal, oxidative and blood metabolites factors that characterizes the follicular phase of estrous cycle in Saidi sheep. CONCLUSION This work helps to understanding the reproduction in Saidi sheep which assist in improving the reproductive outcome of this breed of sheep. These findings are increasingly important for implementation of a genetic improvement program and utilizing the advanced reproductive techniques as estrous synchronization, artificial insemination and embryo transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abd-Elkareem
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - M A Khormi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan, 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ragab Hassan Mohamed
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Fatma Ali
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Mervat S Hassan
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New-Valley University, New Valley, 725211, Egypt
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Laurenzi G, Fedeli V, Canipari R. Decreased fertility in female mice lacking urokinase plasminogen activator. Reprod Biol 2024; 24:100840. [PMID: 38113659 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that mouse ovarian granulosa cells secrete urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) under gonadotropin stimulation. The synthesis and secretion of the enzyme correlate well with the time of follicular rupture in vivo. Moreover, uPA is secreted by the trophoblast at the time of implantation. In the present study, we have analyzed whether the absence of uPA could influence follicular growth, ovulation, and embryo implantation. Our data show fewer preantral follicles in uPA-/- ovaries but no decrease in hormonally induced ovulation. However, we observed a significant decrease in the number of implanted embryos in uPA-/- animals and, therefore, a lower number of pups per family. Adding uPA to the epithelial and stromal uterine cell culture medium strongly upregulates the expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2), the enzyme required for prostaglandin production and embryo implantation. The uPA inhibitor amiloride abrogated this increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Laurenzi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic, Section of Histology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Fedeli
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic, Section of Histology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Canipari
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic, Section of Histology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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4
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Silva IMG, Rodrigues AQ, Ribeiro RB, Aguiar BA, Marinho AESP, Souza EAM, Ferreira YB, Azevedo VCO, Oliveira DM, Báo SN, Goulart JT, Lucci CM, Paulini F. Erythropoietin effects on cryopreserved/transplanted cat ovarian tissue: A comparison of two incubation methods. Cryobiology 2024; 115:104861. [PMID: 38423494 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Many feline species are currently threatened with extinction. Therefore, germplasm bank establishment has become imperative. However, cryoinjury and ischemia-reperfusion injury pose significant obstacles to both cryopreservation and xenotransplantation. In this regard, erythropoietin (Epo) represents a potential alternative strategy due to its properties. This study aimed to assess the incubation of domestic cat ovarian tissue in Epo, both before and after cryopreservation, and investigate its effectiveness in promoting revascularization following xenotransplantation. Sixteen ovaries from 8 healthy cats were sliced following elective bilateral ovariohysterectomy (OHE). Subsequently, 8 fragments measuring 3 mm³ each were obtained from the cortical region of each ovary. The fragments were allocated into 3 treatment groups: Cryo group, fragments were cryopreserved, thawed and immediately transplanted; Cryo + Epo group, fragments were first cryopreserved in nitrogen, thawed, incubated in Epo (100 IU) for 2h and transplanted; and the Epo + Cryo group, in which fragments were first incubated in Epo (100 IU) for 2h, cryopreserved, thawed and immediately transplanted. The fragments were then xenotransplanted into the dorsal subcutaneous region of ovariectomized female nude mice and retrieved at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-transplantation. The results indicated that Epo effectively enhanced follicular survival, preservation of viability, and tissue revascularization. The Epo + Cryo group displayed better revascularization rates on D14 and D21 post-transplantation and an increase in primordial and growing follicles on D28, the Cryo + Epo group exhibited significantly more follicles on D14 and D21, with fewer degenerated follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella M G Silva
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Q Rodrigues
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Rayane B Ribeiro
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Beatriz A Aguiar
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Anne E S P Marinho
- University of Brasilia, Health Sciences Faculty, Department of Pharmacy, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Elisa A M Souza
- University of Brasilia, Health Sciences Faculty, Department of Pharmacy, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Yasmin B Ferreira
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Victoria C O Azevedo
- University of Brasilia, Health Sciences Faculty, Department of Pharmacy, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela M Oliveira
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Brasiilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Sônia N Báo
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Cellular Biology, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Jair T Goulart
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina M Lucci
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Paulini
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Brasilia-DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
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Singh A, Tripathi R, Gupta RK, Rashid R, Jha RK. Gonadotropin upregulates intraovarian calpains-1 and -2 during ovarian follicular recruitment in the SD rat model. Reprod Biol 2024; 24:100862. [PMID: 38402721 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2024.100862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Calpain role has been shown in the cumulus cell-oocyte complexes and, corpus luteum. We investigated the association of calpains-1 and -2 in ovarian folliculogenesis using the Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model and steroidogenesis in the human granulosa cells (hGCs). We induced PCOS in 42-day-old SD rats by letrozole oral gavage for 21 days. Premature ovarian failure (POF) was induced in 21-day-old SD rats by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD). Ovulation and ovarian hyperstimulatory (OHS) syndrome were induced by pregnant mare gonadotropin (PMSG) + human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatments in 21 days SD rats, respectively. Steroidogenesis is stimulated in human granulosa cells (hGCs) by forskolin and the response of 17-beta-estradiol (E2) on calpains expression was checked in hGCs. The protein expression by immunoblotting and activity by biochemical assay of calpains-1 and -2 showed an oscillating pattern in the ovarian cycle. PMSG-induced follicular recruitment showed upregulation of calpains-1 and -2, but with no change during ovarian function cessation (POF). Upregulated calpain-2 expression and calpain activity was found in the hCG +PMSG-induced ovulation. Letrozole-induced PCOS showed downregulation of calpain-1, but upregulation of calpain-2. PMSG+hCG-induced OHS led to the upregulation of calpain-1. Letrozole and metformin separately increased the expression level of calpains-1 and -2 in the hGCs during luteinization. In conclusion, the expression levels of calpains -1 and -2 are increased with ovarian follicular recruitment by PMSG and calpain-1 is decreased in the PCOS condition, and letrozole and metformin upregulate the expression of calpains-1 and -2 during luteinization in the hGCs possibly via E2 action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Singh
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rupal Tripathi
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Gupta
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, India
| | - Rumaisa Rashid
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Jha
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Casalechi M, Di Stefano G, Fornelli G, Somigliana E, Viganò P. Impact of endometriosis on the ovarian follicles. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2024; 92:102430. [PMID: 38311379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2023.102430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
A significant body of evidence has supported a negative impact of endometriosis on ovarian follicles; however, the origin and relevance of this ovarian impairment in endometriosis is still a matter of debate. The ovarian damage can be caused by endometriosis itself or by surgeries aiming to remove endometriotic lesions. In this review, we summarized the existing knowledge on the mechanisms by which endometriosis can impact the ovarian follicles, from molecular to clinical points of view. From a molecular standpoint, the presence of endometriosis or its consequences can induce oxidative stress, inflammation, aberrant mitochondrial energy metabolism and inappropriate steroid production in granulosa cells, phenomena that may impair the quality of oocytes to variable degrees. These alterations may have clinical relevance on the accelerated exhaustion of the ovarian reserve, on the ovarian response to gonadotrophin stimulation in IVF cycles and on the competence of the oocytes. Critical points to be considered in current clinical practices related to fertility issues in endometriosis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Casalechi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Infertility Unit, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Di Stefano
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Infertility Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Fornelli
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Infertility Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Edgardo Somigliana
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Infertility Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viganò
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Infertility Unit, Milan, Italy
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Cohen-Cymberknoh M, Garber KM, Reiter J, Shteinberg M, Stolovas A, Barghouti I, Adler Lazarovits C, Esh Broder E, Hershko Klement A. Ovarian reserve in women with cystic fibrosis: is this a cause of sub-fertility? J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:148. [PMID: 37501150 PMCID: PMC10375728 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past two decades, increasing number of people with cystic fibrosis (CF) survive into adulthood. Compared to the general population, sub-fertility is an obstacle for many women with CF (wwCF). Decreased ovarian reserve has been proposed as a possible cause, but limited data is available to support this. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ovarian reserve in wwCF and to correlate this with patients' demographic and clinical data. METHODS Reproductive-aged wwCF were enrolled during their routine medical appointments. Assessment included Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, routine blood tests and antral follicular count (AFC) evaluation. Additionally, demographic, and clinical information were collected. RESULTS A total of wenty-three wwCF were enrolled, with ages ranging from 19 to 40 years (median 27 years). Among the fourteen wwCF who were considering pregnancy, five (35.7%) disclosed undergoing an infertility assessment and receiving fertility treatments. All but one patient had an Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level between the 5th and 95th % for age. Measurement of the antral follicular count (AFC) was possible in 12 of the 23 patients and was ranging 8-40 with a median of 17. The proportion of wwCF presenting below median AMH values was not different in sub-fertile as compared to fertile wwCF (P value 0.54). There were no correlations between AMH levels and disease severity parameters. AMH seemed to be relatively higher in wwCF with mild class mutations, but this was not shown to have statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Our results, in contrast with the limited available published data, do not support the hypothesis that decreased ovarian reserve plays a major role in infertility in wwCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Cohen-Cymberknoh
- Pediatric Pulmonary Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Keren Marks Garber
- The IVF Unit, Mount Scopus, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Joel Reiter
- Pediatric Pulmonary Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michal Shteinberg
- Pulmonology Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion- Israel Institute of Technology and the B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Aielet Stolovas
- Pediatric Pulmonary Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Iyad Barghouti
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Hadassah Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chana Adler Lazarovits
- The IVF Unit, Mount Scopus, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Efrat Esh Broder
- The IVF Unit, Mount Scopus, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Anat Hershko Klement
- The IVF Unit, Mount Scopus, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of medicine, Hebrew university of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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González SM, Cerezetti MB, Bergamo LZ, Morotti F, Seneda MM. Spatial distribution of preantral follicles in ovarian parenchyma of bovine species. ZYGOTE 2023; 31:195-200. [PMID: 36793125 DOI: 10.1017/S0967199423000023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to determine the distribution of preantral follicles in bovine ovaries. Follicular distribution in the ovaries (n = 12) was evaluated in the region of the greater curvature of the ovary (GCO) and the region close to the ovarian pedicle (OP) of Bos taurus indicus heifers of the Nelore breed. Two fragments were obtained from each region of the ovary (GCO and OP). The mean weight of the ovaries was 4.04 ± 0.32 g. The mean antral follicle count (AFC) was 54.58 ± 3.55 follicles (minimum and maximum variation of 30 and 71 follicles, respectively). In total, 1123 follicles were visualized in the region of the GCO; 949 (84.5%) of them were primordial follicles and 174 (15.5%) were developing follicles. The region close to the OP contained 1454 follicles, of which 1266 (87%) were primordial follicles and 44 (12.9%) were developing follicles. The OP region showed a higher proportion of intact follicles in the primordial (P < 0.0001) and primary (P = 0.042) stages compared with the GCO region. The proportion of secondary follicles was similar in the OP and GCO regions. The ovaries of two bovine females (16%; 2/12) contained multi-oocytes follicles, which were characterized as primary follicles. Therefore, the distribution of preantral follicles in the bovine ovary was heterogeneous, with the region close to the OP containing a greater number of preantral follicles compared with the GCO region (P < 0.05).
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Schuurman T, Song JY, Wolters V, van de Ven M, van Trommel N, Beerendonk I, Amant F, Lok C. Effects of chemotherapy on ovaries of pregnant mice. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023; 307:1163-1176. [PMID: 36166083 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06793-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is unknown if future fertility is compromised by the administration of chemotherapy during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to identify if chemotherapy affects the maternal ovaries during pregnancy and whether these effects depend on type of chemotherapy and duration of exposure. METHODS Pregnant 8-week-old female BL6 mice were exposed to 6 different single chemotherapeutic agents (carboplatin, cisplatin, paclitaxel, epirubicin, doxorubicin, or cyclophosphamide) or saline at gestational day (GD) 13.5. The mice were sacrificed at GD 15.5 or GD 18.5. Ovaries were assessed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Follicle count was determined per follicle stage and per treatment modality. RESULTS Maternal ovarian damage was demonstrated by the presence of apoptosis and necrosis in preantral follicles. The extent of this damage depends upon type of chemotherapy and duration of exposure (2 or 5 days). After short exposure, 81% of ovaries showed histopathologic signs of damage compared to 36% after long exposure, which might suggest a transient effect. Loss of primordial follicles (PMFs) was observed after both short and long exposure, with a reduction of more than 70%. Evidence of DNA damage, as demonstrated by phospho-H2AX expression, was present in 23% (range 0-89%) of PMFs exposed to chemotherapy, but only in the short exposure group. Overall, the least damage was seen after administration of paclitaxel. CONCLUSION Despite physiological ovarian function suppression during gestation, chemotherapy-induced damage of the ovaries occurs in pregnant mouse models, potentially affecting future fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teska Schuurman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ji-Ying Song
- Department of Experimental Animal Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vera Wolters
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke van de Ven
- Mouse Clinic for Cancer and Aging (MCCA), Preclinical Intervention Unit, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke van Trommel
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ina Beerendonk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christianne Lok
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Masumi S, Lee EB, Dilower I, Upadhyaya S, Chakravarthi VP, Fields PE, Rumi MAK. The role of Kisspeptin signaling in Oocyte maturation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:917464. [PMID: 36072937 PMCID: PMC9441556 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.917464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptins (KPs) secreted from the hypothalamic KP neurons act on KP receptors (KPRs) in gonadotropin (GPN) releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons to produce GnRH. GnRH acts on pituitary gonadotrophs to induce secretion of GPNs, namely follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which are essential for ovarian follicle development, oocyte maturation and ovulation. Thus, hypothalamic KPs regulate oocyte maturation indirectly through GPNs. KPs and KPRs are also expressed in the ovarian follicles across species. Recent studies demonstrated that intraovarian KPs also act directly on the KPRs expressed in oocytes to promote oocyte maturation and ovulation. In this review article, we have summarized published reports on the role of hypothalamic and ovarian KP-signaling in oocyte maturation. Gonadal steroid hormones regulate KP secretion from hypothalamic KP neurons, which in turn induces GPN secretion from the hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) axis. On the other hand, GPNs secreted from the HP axis act on the granulosa cells (GCs) and upregulate the expression of ovarian KPs. While KPs are expressed predominantly in the GCs, the KPRs are in the oocytes. Expression of KPs in the ovaries increases with the progression of the estrous cycle and peaks during the preovulatory GPN surge. Intrafollicular KP levels in the ovaries rise with the advancement of developmental stages. Moreover, loss of KPRs in oocytes in mice leads to failure of oocyte maturation and ovulation similar to that of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). These findings suggest that GC-derived KPs may act on the KPRs in oocytes during their preovulatory maturation. In addition to the intraovarian role of KP-signaling in oocyte maturation, in vivo, a direct role of KP has been identified during in vitro maturation of sheep, porcine, and rat oocytes. KP-stimulation of rat oocytes, in vitro, resulted in Ca2+ release and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2. In vitro treatment of rat or porcine oocytes with KPs upregulated messenger RNA levels of the factors that favor oocyte maturation. In clinical trials, human KP-54 has also been administered successfully to patients undergoing assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) for increasing oocyte maturation. Exogenous KPs can induce GPN secretion from hypothalamus; however, the possibility of direct KP action on the oocytes cannot be excluded. Understanding the direct in vivo and in vitro roles of KP-signaling in oocyte maturation will help in developing novel KP-based ARTs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M. A. Karim Rumi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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Gonsioroski A, Laws M, Mourikes VE, Neff A, Drnevich J, Plewa MJ, Flaws JA. Iodoacetic acid exposure alters the transcriptome in mouse ovarian antral follicles. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 117:46-57. [PMID: 35725088 PMCID: PMC9972181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Iodoacetic acid (IAA) is an unregulated water disinfection byproduct that is an ovarian toxicant. However, the mechanisms of action underlying IAA toxicity in ovarian follicles remain unclear. Thus, we determined whether IAA alters gene expression in ovarian follicles in mice. Adult female mice were dosed with water or IAA (10 or 500 mg/L) in the water for 35-40 days. Antral follicles were collected for RNA-sequencing analysis and sera were collected to measure estradiol. RNA-sequencing analysis identified 1063 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the 10 and 500 mg/L IAA groups (false discovery rate FDR < 0.1), respectively, compared to controls. Gene Ontology Enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were involved with RNA processing and regulation of angiogenesis (10 mg/L) and the cell cycle and cell division (500 mg/L). Pathway Enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were involved in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), estrogen, and insulin signaling pathways (10 mg/L). Pathway Enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were involved in the oocyte meiosis, GnRH, and oxytocin signaling pathways (500 mg/L). RNA-sequencing analysis identified 809 DEGs when comparing the 500 and 10 mg/L IAA groups (FDR < 0.1). DEGs were related to ribosome, translation, mRNA processing, oxidative phosphorylation, chromosome, cell cycle, cell division, protein folding, and the oxytocin signaling pathway. Moreover, IAA exposure significantly decreased estradiol levels (500 mg/L) compared to control. This study identified key candidate genes and pathways involved in IAA toxicity and can help to further understand the molecular mechanisms of IAA toxicity in ovarian follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Gonsioroski
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Mary Laws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Vasiliki E Mourikes
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Alison Neff
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Jenny Drnevich
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Michael J Plewa
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA; Department of Crop Sciences and the Safe Global Water Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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12
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Shannon J, Sundaresan A, Bukulmez O, Jiao Z, Doody K, Capelouto S, Carr B, Banaszynski LA. Chromatin Accessibility Analysis from Fresh and Cryopreserved Human Ovarian Follicles. Mol Hum Reprod 2022; 28:gaac020. [PMID: 35674368 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaac020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how gene regulatory elements influence ovarian follicle development has important implications in clinically relevant settings. This includes understanding decreased fertility with age and understanding the short-lived graft function commonly observed after ovarian tissue cryopreservation and subsequent autologous transplantation as a fertility preservation treatment. The Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin by sequencing (ATAC-seq) is a powerful tool to identify distal and proximal regulatory elements important for activity-dependent gene regulation and hormonal and environmental responses such as those involved in germ cell maturation and human fertility. Original ATAC protocols were optimized for fresh cells, a major barrier to implementing this technique for clinical tissue samples which are more often than not frozen and stored. While recent advances have improved data obtained from stored samples, this technique has yet to be applied to human ovarian follicles, perhaps due to the difficulty in isolating follicles in sufficient quantities from stored clinical samples. Further, it remains unknown whether the process of cryopreservation affects the quality of the data obtained from ovarian follicles. Here, we generate ATAC-seq data sets from matched fresh and cryopreserved human ovarian follicles. We find that data obtained from cryopreserved samples are of reduced quality but consistent with data obtained from fresh samples, suggesting that the act of cryopreservation does not significantly affect biological interpretation of chromatin accessibility data. Our study encourages the use of this method to uncover the role of chromatin regulation in a number of clinical settings with the ultimate goal of improving fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Shannon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Aishwarya Sundaresan
- Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Orhan Bukulmez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Zexu Jiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Kaitlin Doody
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Sarah Capelouto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Bruce Carr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Laura A Banaszynski
- Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
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13
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Ma X, Zhang W, Song J, Li F, Liu J. Lifelong exposure to pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin at environmentally relevant doses causes primary ovarian insufficiency in female mice. Environ Pollut 2022; 298:118839. [PMID: 35031408 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are a class of widely used insecticides. Our recent epidemiological study of Chinese women reported that pyrethroid exposure was positively associated with the risk of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). In this study, we utilized cypermethrin (CP), the most frequently detected pyrethroid in the environment, to recognize how lifelong and low-dose exposure to pyrethroids affects ovarian functions and the underlying mechanism(s). Female mice were exposed to CP at doses of human dietary intake of 6.7 μg/kg/day, an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 20 μg/kg/day, or the chronic reference dose (RfD) of 60 μg/kg/day, starting from gestational day 0.5 until 44-week-old. We assessed effects on fertility, serum hormone levels, ovarian follicular development and ovarian transcriptomic profiles. Chronic exposure to CP at doses of ADI and RfD caused a significant reduction in the size of the primordial follicle pool on postnatal day (PND) 5 and the number of all types of follicles in 44-week-old mice, lower estrogen and higher gonadotropin levels, as well as decreased fertility. Significant increase in apoptosis and decrease in cell proliferation were observed in CP-exposed ovarian follicles from PND 5 and 44-week-old mice. Ovarian transcriptomic data showed that the pro-apoptotic protein BMF and the cell cycle inhibitor p27 were significantly up-regulated in CP-exposed ovaries. Cyp17a1, Cyp19a1 and Hsd17b1 genes involved in the key steps of steroidogenesis were down-regulated in the ovaries of female mice exposed to CP. This study first reported that lifelong exposure to CP at doses of ADI or RfD caused an ovarian phenotype similar to human POI in female mice and provided a mechanistic explanation. Our findings suggest that lifelong exposure to pyrethroids of low doses, which are recommended as 'safe' dosages, may have a significant impact on the ovarian health of female mammals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 310036 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Song
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Feixue Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 310036 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China.
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14
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Villani MT, Morini D, Spaggiari G, Furini C, Melli B, Nicoli A, Iannotti F, La Sala GB, Simoni M, Aguzzoli L, Santi D. The (decision) tree of fertility: an innovative decision-making algorithm in assisted reproduction technique. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:395-408. [PMID: 35084638 PMCID: PMC8793814 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02353-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Several mathematical models have been developed to estimate individualized chances of assisted reproduction techniques (ART) success, although with limited clinical application. Our study aimed to develop a decisional algorithm able to predict pregnancy and live birth rates after controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) phase, helping the physician to decide whether to perform oocytes pick-up continuing the ongoing ART path. METHODS A single-center retrospective analysis of real-world data was carried out including all fresh ART cycles performed in 1998-2020. Baseline characteristics, ART parameters and biochemical/clinical pregnancies and live birth rates were collected. A seven-steps systematic approach for model development, combining linear regression analyses and decision trees (DT), was applied for biochemical, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates. RESULTS Of fresh ART cycles, 12,275 were included. Linear regression analyses highlighted a relationship between number of ovarian follicles > 17 mm detected at ultrasound before pick-up (OF17), embryos number and fertilization rate, and biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates (p < 0.001), but not live birth rate. DT were created for biochemical pregnancy (statistical power-SP:80.8%), clinical pregnancy (SP:85.4%), and live birth (SP:87.2%). Thresholds for OF17 entered in all DT, while sperm motility entered the biochemical pregnancy's model, and female age entered the clinical pregnancy and live birth DT. In case of OF17 < 3, the chance of conceiving was < 6% for all DT. CONCLUSION A systematic approach allows to identify OF17, female age, and sperm motility as pre-retrieval predictors of ART outcome, possibly reducing the socio-economic burden of ART failure, allowing the clinician to perform or not the oocytes pick-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Villani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Centre, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Daria Morini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Centre, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Spaggiari
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Via Giardini 1355, 41126, Modena, Italy.
| | - Chiara Furini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Via Giardini 1355, 41126, Modena, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Beatrice Melli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Centre, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessia Nicoli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Centre, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesca Iannotti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Centre, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista La Sala
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Centre, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Via Giardini 1355, 41126, Modena, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Aguzzoli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Centre, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Daniele Santi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Via Giardini 1355, 41126, Modena, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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15
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Almeida JZ, Vieira LA, Maside C, Ferreira ACA, Sá NAR, Correia HHV, Araújo VR, Raposo RS, Smitz J, Campello CC, Figueiredo JR, Oriá RB. In vitro cytotoxic effects of 5-Fluorouracil on isolated murine ovarian preantral follicles. Theriogenology 2022; 178:60-66. [PMID: 34775200 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
5 fluorouracil (5FU), an antineoplastic drug, is often utilized in the therapeutic regimen for several types of cancer, including the hepatoblastoma in children. The effects of 5FU on the population of ovarian preantral follicles, which is the largest oocyte reservoir, is still poorly understood. The integrity of the ovarian preantral follicle pool is important for lifelong fertility. The better understanding of such effects may favor intervention strategies to protect fertility in 5FU-treated children and women coping with cancer. To analyze the effects of 5FU on isolated murine secondary follicles in vitro, ovaries were collected from young mice (28-30 days old), and secondary follicles were isolated and cultured for 12 days in basic culture medium, with or without 5FU at concentrations of 0.3 mM, 1 mM, 3 mM, 10 mM, and 30 mM. In the in vitro study, we analyzed the percentage of morphologically normal follicles, antrum formation, follicular diameter, and hormone production. On day 12, oocytes were recovered for in vitro maturation. 5FU treatment did not alter the percentage of morphologically normal follicles. On day 12, only 1, 10, and 30 mM 5FU significantly reduced the percentage of antrum. From day 4 onwards, 5FU treatments significantly reduced follicle diameter. The meiosis resumption rate was significantly lower in all 5FU treatments. 5FU concentrations ≥3 mM reduced estradiol levels. In conclusion, 5FU does not affect follicular morphology. However, 5FU deleteriously affects follicular growth, estradiol production, and oocyte maturation in isolated ovarian follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Z Almeida
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition (LABICONTE), Department of Morphology, Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), 1315 Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-270, Brazil
| | - L A Vieira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Manipulation (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara (UECE), 1700 Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, Fortaleza, CE, 60741-000, Brazil
| | - C Maside
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Manipulation (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara (UECE), 1700 Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, Fortaleza, CE, 60741-000, Brazil
| | - A C A Ferreira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Manipulation (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara (UECE), 1700 Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, Fortaleza, CE, 60741-000, Brazil
| | - N A R Sá
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Manipulation (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara (UECE), 1700 Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, Fortaleza, CE, 60741-000, Brazil
| | - H H V Correia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Manipulation (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara (UECE), 1700 Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, Fortaleza, CE, 60741-000, Brazil
| | - V R Araújo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Manipulation (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara (UECE), 1700 Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, Fortaleza, CE, 60741-000, Brazil
| | - R S Raposo
- Experimental Biology Center, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), 1321 Av. Washington Soares, Fortaleza, CE, 60811-905, Brazil
| | - J Smitz
- Laboratory of Follicle Biology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussels, B-1090, Brazil
| | - C C Campello
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Manipulation (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara (UECE), 1700 Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, Fortaleza, CE, 60741-000, Brazil
| | - J R Figueiredo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Manipulation (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara (UECE), 1700 Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, Fortaleza, CE, 60741-000, Brazil.
| | - R B Oriá
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition (LABICONTE), Department of Morphology, Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), 1315 Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-270, Brazil
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16
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Sun X, Liswaniso S, Shan X, Zhao J, Chimbaka IM, Xu R, Qin N. The opposite effects of VGLL1 and VGLL4 genes on granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis of hen ovarian prehierarchical follicles. Theriogenology 2022; 181:95-104. [PMID: 35074718 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Transcription cofactors Vestigial like family (VGLL) members consisting of four homologs (VGLL1-4) are associated with cell growth and metastasis in mammals, among which VGLL1 gene has been documented to possess tumorigenic functions in various types of tumor, and VGLL4 acts as a new tumor suppressor; likewise several studies indicated that they potentially play a role in the regulation of ovary growth and function. However, the biological effects of chicken VGLL1 and VGLL4 on the proliferation, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis of the granulosa cells (GCs) during ovarian follicle development remain unknown now. This study found that VGLL1 and VGLL4 genes present divergent expression patterns of the transcripts in the GCs of various sized prehierarchical follicles (PFs) before follicle selection. Specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was employed to elucidate the exact roles of VGLL1 and VGLL4 in regulating the PF development of the hen ovary. The results demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels of the steroidogenic-related enzyme steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) gene and the cell proliferation-related factors B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2), and cyclin D1 (CCND1) genes were significantly down-regulated in the cells with VGLL1 silence but remarkably up-regulated in the cells lacking VGLL4. Whereas the expression level of the cell apoptosis biomarker caspase-3 (CASP3) transcript was noticeably enhanced in the GCs without VGLL1 but significantly decreased in the GCs deprived of VGLL4. Further results showed that the siRNA-mediated silence of VGLL1 caused a significant increase in apoptosis with a reduction in the proliferation of GCs. Nevertheless, knockdown of VGLL4 resulted in a remarkable decrement in apoptosis but a memorable augment in proliferation of the GCs. Taken together, this study proved that VGLL1 promotes cell proliferation and steroidogenesis but inhibits apoptosis. In contrast, VGLL4 stimulates GC apoptosis while suppressing the GC proliferation and steroidogenesis in the hen ovarian follicles. We conluded that VGLL1 and VGLL4 affect oppositely the ovarian prehierarchical follicle development by the different regulatory manner in the GC proliferation and apoptosis of chicken ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Simushi Liswaniso
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xuesong Shan
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Ignatius Musenge Chimbaka
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Rifu Xu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Ning Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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17
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Deng Y, Huang H, Rong Y, Hu S, Hu J, Hu B, He H, Li L, Wang J. Molecular characterization, expression profile and transcriptional regulation of the CYP19 gene in goose ovarian follicles. Gene 2022; 806:145928. [PMID: 34455027 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 Family 19 (CYP19) is a crucial enzyme to catalyze the conversion of androgens to estrogens. However, the regulatory mechanism of goose CYP19 gene remains poorly understood. The present study attempted to obtain the full-length coding sequence (CDS) and 5'-flanking sequence of CYP19 gene, to investigate its expression and distribution profiles in different sized follicles, and to analyze the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of CYP19 gene in goose. Results showed that its CDS consisted of 1512 nucleotides and the encoded amino acid sequence contained a classical P450 structural domain. Homology analysis showed that there were high homologies of nucleotide and amino acid sequences between goose and other avian species. Its promoter sequence spanned from -1925 bp to the transcription start site (ATG) and several transcriptional factors were predicted in this region. Further analysis from luciferase assay showed that the luciferase activity was the highest spanning from -118 to -1 bp by constructing deletion promoter reporter vector. In addition, result from quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction indicated that the mRNA level of CYP19 gene were highly expressed in theca layer of the fifth largest follicle, and the cellular location was in the theca externa cells by immunohistochemistry. Taken together, it could be concluded that the transcription activity of CYP19 gene was activated by transcriptional factors in its proximal region of promoter to promote the synthesis of estrogens, regulating the selection of pre-hierarchical into hierarchical follicle in goose.
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18
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Priya K, Setty M, Babu UV, Pai KSR. Implications of environmental toxicants on ovarian follicles: how it can adversely affect the female fertility? Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:67925-67939. [PMID: 34628616 PMCID: PMC8718383 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The pool of primordial follicles formed in the ovaries during early development determines the span and quality of fertility in the reproductive life of a woman. As exposure to occupational and environmental toxicants (ETs) has become inevitable, consequences on female fertility need to be established. This review focuses on the ETs, especially well-studied prototypes of the classes endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), heavy metals, agrochemicals, cigarette smoke, certain chemicals used in plastic, cosmetic and sanitary product industries etc that adversely affect the female fertility. Many in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies have indicated that these ETs have the potential to affect folliculogenesis and cause reduced fertility in women. Here, we emphasize on four main conditions: polycystic ovary syndrome, primary ovarian insufficiency, multioocytic follicles and meiotic defects including aneuploidies which can be precipitated by ETs. These are considered main causes for reduced female fertility by directly altering the follicular recruitment, development and oocytic meiosis. Although substantial experimental evidence is drawn with respect to the detrimental effects, it is clear that establishing the role of one ET as a risk factor in a single condition is difficult as multiple conditions have common risk factors. Therefore, it is important to consider this as a matter of public and wildlife health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Priya
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Manjunath Setty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Uddagiri Venkanna Babu
- Phytochemistry Department, R & D Centre, The Himalaya Drug Company, Makali, Tumkur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 562162, India
| | - Karkala Sreedhara Ranganath Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Tutar EO, Gözüküçük M, Kaya MS, Macun A, Yücel D, Hücümenoğlu S, Çaydere M, Üstün Y. Dose-dependent effects of ghrelin and aberrant anti-Mullerian hormone levels in the prevention of ovarian damage caused by cisplatin in Wistar-albino rats. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021. [PMID: 34687336 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ghrelin has previously been proven to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in preventing cisplatin-induced ovarian damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effects of this hormone in preventing this damage in rats using histopathological and biochemical methods. METHODS Twenty-eight Wistar-albino rats were randomly divided into four groups. While no drug was given to Group 1 (sham group), acylated ghrelin was intraperitoneally administered to Group 2 at 0.5 nmol/kg and Group 3 at 2 nmol/kg for 21 days. Group 4 received only saline solution. On the 15th day, a single dose of 5 mg/kg cisplatin was intraperitoneally administered to each rat in Groups 2, 3 and 4. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) values were measured on days 0, 15 and 21. Then, laparotomy and bilateral oophorectomy were performed, and the ovaries were histopathologically examined. RESULTS The number of primordial and primary follicles was significantly higher in Group 3 than in the saline solution + cisplatin group. In Group 4, cisplatin caused significantly higher follicle damage in the primordial, primary and secondary phases compared to the sham group. The AMH level of the SF + cisplatin group was significantly lower than that of the sham group and the high-dose ghrelin + cisplatin group, and the AMH level of the sham group was significantly higher than that of the low-dose ghrelin + cisplatin group. CONCLUSION High-dose ghrelin was effective in preventing cisplatin-induced ovarian damage by preserving the number of primordial and primary follicles. Larger randomized studies are needed to determine the optimal dosage and duration of ghrelin.
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Santacruz-Márquez R, González-De Los Santos M, Hernández-Ochoa I. Ovarian toxicity of nanoparticles. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 103:79-95. [PMID: 34098047 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ovary is a highly important organ for female reproduction. The main functions include sex steroid hormone synthesis, follicular development, and achievement of oocyte meiotic and development competence for proper fertilization. Nanoparticle (NP) exposure is becoming unavoidable because of its wide use in different products, including cosmetics, food, health, and personal care products. Studies examining different nonreproductive tissues or systems have shown that characteristics such as the size, shape, core material, agglomeration, and dissolution influence the effects of NPs. However, most studies evaluating NP-mediated reproductive toxicity have paid little or no attention to the influence of the physicochemical characteristics of NP on the observed effects. As accumulating evidence indicates that NP may reach the ovary to impair proper functions, this review summarizes the available data on NP accumulation in ovarian tissue, as well as data describing toxicity to ovarian functions, including sex steroid hormone production, follicular development, oocyte quality, and fertility. Due to their toxicological relevance, this review also describes the main physicochemical characteristics involved in NP toxicity and the importance of considering NP physicochemical characteristics as factors influencing the ovarian toxicity of NPs. Finally, this review summarizes the main mechanisms of toxicity described in ovarian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsés Santacruz-Márquez
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
| | - Marijose González-De Los Santos
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
| | - Isabel Hernández-Ochoa
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
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Yuan X, Hu S, Li L, Han C, Liu H, He H, Xia L, Hu J, Hu B, Ran M, Liu Y, Wang J. Lipidomics profiling of goose granulosa cell model of stearoyl-CoA desaturase function identifies a pattern of lipid droplets associated with follicle development. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:95. [PMID: 34022953 PMCID: PMC8141238 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00604-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite their important functions and nearly ubiquitous presence in cells, an understanding of the biology of intracellular lipid droplets (LDs) in goose follicle development remains limited. An integrated study of lipidomic and transcriptomic analyses was performed in a cellular model of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) function, to determine the effects of intracellular LDs on follicle development in geese. Results Numerous internalized LDs, which were generally spherical in shape, were dispersed throughout the cytoplasm of granulosa cells (GCs), as determined using confocal microscopy analysis, with altered SCD expression affecting LD content. GC lipidomic profiling showed that the majority of the differentially abundant lipid classes were glycerophospholipids, including PA, PC, PE, PG, PI, and PS, and glycerolipids, including DG and TG, which enriched glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, and glycerolipid metabolisms. Furthermore, transcriptomics identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), some of which were assigned to lipid-related Gene Ontology slim terms. More DEGs were assigned in the SCD-knockdown group than in the SCD-overexpression group. Integration of the significant differentially expressed genes and lipids based on pathway enrichment analysis identified potentially targetable pathways related to glycerolipid/glycerophospholipid metabolism. Conclusions This study demonstrated the importance of lipids in understanding follicle development, thus providing a potential foundation to decipher the underlying mechanisms of lipid-mediated follicle development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-021-00604-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenqiang Hu
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunchun Han
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Hehe Liu
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua He
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Xia
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiwei Hu
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hu
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxia Ran
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Liu
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Country Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Thakre A, Gupta M, Magar SP, Bahiram KB, Sardar VM, Korde JP, Bonde SW, Hyder I. Transcriptional and translational abundance of visfatin (NAMPT) in buffalo ovary during estrous cycle and its in vitro effect on steroidogenesis. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 75:106583. [PMID: 33249344 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Visfatin is a highly conserved adipokine protein having multiple biological effects, including regulation of reproduction. Evidence in recent years has shown a pivotal role of visfatin in ovarian functions. The present study was conducted to evaluate the mRNA and protein abundance of visfatin in ovarian follicles and corpora lutea (CL) during different stages of their development in the ovary of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and to investigate the role of visfatin on estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) secretion. Ovarian follicles were categorized in to small (F1), medium (F2), large (F3), and preovulatory (F4) follicles, whereas the CL were categorized into early (CL1), mid (CL2), late (CL3), and regressing (CL4) CL stage. In follicles, the mRNA and protein abundance of visfatin increased with an increase in follicle size in granulosa cells (GCs) and theca interna (TI) cells. In CL, the transcript of visfatin was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the late luteal phase (CL3) than that in other phases. The translational abundance of visfatin was significantly higher in the mid and late luteal phase. Visfatin was localized in the cytoplasm of GC and TI of ovarian follicles and small and large luteal cells of CL. GCs were cultured in vitro and treated at 0, 1, and 10 ng/mL visfatin either alone or in the presence of FSH (30 ng/mL) or IGF-I (10 ng/mL) for 48 h. The luteal cells were treated with visfatin at 0, 1, and 10 ng/mL dose for 48h. There was significant (P < 0.05) increase in estradiol (E2) secretion from GCs at 10 ng/mL dose of visfatin and visfatin (10 ng/mL) +IGF-I (10 ng/mL). Visfatin also increased (P < 0.05) progesterone (P4) secretion from cultured luteal cells at both 1 and 10 ng/mL dose. In GCs, visfatin in the presence of IGF-I increased the transcriptional abundance of cytochrome P45019A1 (CYP19A1), the gene for key enzyme aromatase. In luteal cells, the visfatin increased mRNA abundance of factors involved in progesterone synthesis viz. steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P45011A1 (CYP11A1), 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B1). The present study provided evidence that visfatin is expressed in ovarian follicles and CL of buffalo ovary and visfatin has a stimulatory effect on estradiol and progesterone secretion in ovarian cells of water buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Thakre
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur 440006, India
| | - M Gupta
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur 440006, India.
| | - S P Magar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur 440006, India
| | - K B Bahiram
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur 440006, India
| | - V M Sardar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur 440006, India
| | - J P Korde
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur 440006, India
| | - S W Bonde
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur 440006, India
| | - I Hyder
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, 521101 India
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Yang PK, Chou CH, Huang CC, Wen WF, Chen HF, Shun CT, Ho HN, Chen MJ. Obesity alters ovarian folliculogenesis through disrupted angiogenesis from increased IL-10 production. Mol Metab 2021; 49:101189. [PMID: 33592337 PMCID: PMC7933796 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Obesity has been reported to have a modulatory effect on the ovulatory functions of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. The role of adipokines in this obesity-associated ovulatory disturbance has not been extensively explored. In this study, the relationships between obesity, adipokine production from visceral fat, and ovarian folliculogenesis were explored in a mice model of induced obesity. Methods Obesity was induced in female C57BL/6 mice fed ad libitum with high-fat feed and fructose water for 4 weeks. Follicular developments in the ovaries were assessed by histopathology in these diet-induced obese mice. Changes in adipokine expression in the peri-ovarian adipose tissues were screened with an adipokine array. The adipokine with the most significant increase over time was identified. The functions of the adipokine in angiogenic processes were evaluated in a cell model of endothelial proliferation. The in vivo effects of neutralizing this adipokine using specific antibodies were assessed in the same obesity model. Results A high-fat and fructose diet induced an accumulation of early ovarian follicles and a reduction in mature follicles and corpus lutea. The number of microvessels in the early follicles also decreased. The adipokine protein array of the peri-ovarian adipose tissues identified a progressive increase in IL-10 expression with the duration of the obesogenic diet. In vitro experiments in the endothelial cell model confirmed IL-10 as a disrupter of VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Administration of anti-IL-10 antibodies prevented the histopathological changes induced by the obesogenic diet and further highlighted the role of IL-10 in disrupting folliculogenesis. Conclusions Obesity may disrupt normal folliculogenesis through increased production of IL-10 in visceral fats. This relationship may help clarify the reported association between obesity and ovulatory dysfunction, which has been found in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. However, the duration of this study was short, which limited conclusions on the long-term reproductive outcomes. Obesity increases IL-10 expression in visceral adipose. IL-10 disrupts VEGF-induced angiogenesis in an endothelial cell model. Disrupted angiogenesis is associated with disturbed folliculogenesis. Anti-IL-10 antibody prevents the altered folliculogenesis induced by obesity. Abnormal production of IL-10 may be a cause of dysovulation in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Kai Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Chou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chun Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fen Wen
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Fu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Tung Shun
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Nerng Ho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jou Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Livia Shang Yu Wan Chair Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Hoque SAM, Umehara T, Kawai T, Shimada M. Adverse effect of superoxide-induced mitochondrial damage in granulosa cells on follicular development in mouse ovaries. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 163:344-355. [PMID: 33385538 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
High mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (mt-OXPHOS) levels are required to supply the ATP necessary for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced granulosa cell proliferation during the follicular development process. Consequently, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) might be generated and have an adverse effect on follicular health. This study aimed to elucidate the negative effects of ROS on mitochondrial functions in FSH-stimulated granulosa cells during the follicular development process and to investigate whether pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) treatment could accelerate this process by ameliorating the adverse effects. To do this, both in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed with granulosa cells from superovulated immature (3-week-old) mice that were pretreated with or without PQQ, and a natural mating study was also performed. The ROS level in FSH-/eCG-stimulated granulosa cells was significantly increased. Moreover, high oxidative stress and mtDNA damage levels were evident in the granulosa cells. PQQ treatment not only reduced the ROS and oxidative stress levels but also ameliorated mtDNA damage, accelerated FSH-/eCG-induced ATP production, and increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and the expression levels of mitochondrial genes (Nd1, Cytb, Cox1, ATPase6) and the mt-ND1 protein. Accordingly, the proliferation and viability of granulosa cells, numbers of healthy preovulatory follicles and ovulated oocytes and serum estrogen level were significantly improved, while the apoptosis of granulosa cells was reduced. However, PQQ treatment did not change the fertility parameters in mature mice with natural cycles but did significantly increased the number of offspring born per delivery. These results revealed that ROS-associated damage in FSH-stimulated granulosa cells adversely affects their physiology and follicular health during the follicular development process. Treatment with PQQ is a beneficial tool to increase both the number of ovulated oocytes and pups per delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Masudul Hoque
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Takashi Umehara
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawai
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimada
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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25
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Almeida JZ, Lima LF, Vieira LA, Maside C, Ferreira ACA, Araújo VR, Duarte ABG, Raposo RS, Báo SN, Campello CC, Oliveira LFS, da Costa TP, Abreu JG, Figueiredo JR, Oriá RB. 5-Fluorouracil disrupts ovarian preantral follicles in young C57BL6J mice. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 87:567-578. [PMID: 33471160 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04217-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), an anti-cancer drug, has been used for hepatoblastoma (HB) chemotherapy in children, who may have impaired ovarian follicle pool reserve with lasting effects to reproduction. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate 5-FU effects on survival, growth, and morphology of ovarian preantral follicles from C57BL6J young mice. METHODS Experiments were carried-out both in vivo and in vitro. Mice were treated with 5-FU injection (450 mg/kg i.p) or saline and sacrificed 3 days after to obtain ovaries for histology and molecular biology. Ovaries for in vitro studies were obtained from unchallenged mice and cultured under basic culture medium (BCM) or BCM plus 5-FU (9.2, 46.1, 92.2 mM). Preantral follicles were classified according to developmental stages, and as normal or degenerated. To assess cell viability, caspase-3 immunostaining was performed. Transcriptional levels for apoptosis (Bax, Bcl2, p53, Bax/Bcl2) and Wnt pathway genes (Wnt2 and Wnt4) were also analyzed. Ultrastructural analyses were carried-out on non-cultured ovaries. In addition, β-catenin immunofluorescence was assessed in mouse ovaries. RESULTS The percentage of all-types normal follicles was significantly lower after 5-FU challenge. A total loss of secondary normal follicles was found in the 5-FU group. The highest 5-FU concentrations reduced the percentage of cultured normal primordial follicles. Large vacuoles were seen in granulosa cells and ooplasm of preantral follicles by electron microscopy. A significantly higher gene expression for Bax and Bax/Bcl2 ratio was seen after 5-FU treatment. A marked reduction in β-catenin immunolabeling was seen in 5-FU-challenged preantral follicles. In the in vitro experiments, apoptotic and Wnt gene transcriptions were significantly altered. CONCLUSION Altogether, our findings suggest that 5-FU can deleteriously affect the ovarian follicle reserve by reducing preantral follicles survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Z Almeida
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biomedicine, Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, 1315 Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Laritza F Lima
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Luís A Vieira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Carolina Maside
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Anna C A Ferreira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Valdevane R Araújo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana B G Duarte
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ramon S Raposo
- Experimental Biology Core, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Sônia N Báo
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Cláudio C Campello
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Luiz F S Oliveira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thayse P da Costa
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Garcia Abreu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José R Figueiredo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo B Oriá
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biomedicine, Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, 1315 Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-270, Brazil.
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26
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Feyzollahi Z, Mohseni Kouchesfehani H, Jalali H, Eslimi-Esfahani D, Sheikh Hosseini A. Effect of Vitex agnus-castus ethanolic extract on hypothalamic KISS-1 gene expression in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome. Avicenna J Phytomed 2021; 11:292-301. [PMID: 34046325 PMCID: PMC8140208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine system disruption that affects 6-10% of women. Some studies have reported the effect of Vitex agnus-castus (Vitagnus) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis (HPG). This study was conducted to investigate Vitagnus effect on the expression of kisspeptin gene in a rat model of PCOS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two female rats were distributed into: control, Vitagnus-treatment (365 mg/kg for 30 days), PCOS (Letrozole for 28 days) and PCOS animals treated with Vitagnus (30 days of Vitagnus after PCOS induction). At the end of the treatments, serum and ovaries were collected for analysis. Expression level of KISS-1 gene in the hypothalamus was investigated, using Real-Time-PCR. RESULTS In the PCOS group compared to control, FSH, progesterone and estradiol levels were decreased, whereas testosterone and LH levels were significantly increased. No significant changes were observed in the Vitagnus-treated animals in compare to control. However, Vitagnus treatment in the PCOS group, resulted in a raise in progesterone, estrogen and FSH levels and a reduction in the levels of testosterone and LH. Quantitative gene expression analysis showed that PCOS induction resulted in over-expression of KISS-1 gene, however, Vitagnus treatment reduced this up-regulated expression to normal level. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results indicated that Vitagnus extract inhibited downregulation of KISS-1 gene in the hypothalamus of PCOS rats. Because of the master role of kisspeptin in adjusting the HPG axis, Vitagnus is likely to show beneficial effects in the treatment of PCOS via regulation of kisspeptin expression. This finding indicates a new aspect of Vitagnus effect and may be considered in its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoleykha Feyzollahi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Mohseni Kouchesfehani
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding Author: Tel: +982186072709, Fax: +982186072709,
| | - Hanieh Jalali
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Eslimi-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Sheikh Hosseini
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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Behera A, Sravanthi K, Kumar LK, Vedamurthy GV, Singh D, Onteru SK. Association of taurine with ovarian follicular steroids and postpartum anestrus condition in Murrah buffaloes. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106511. [PMID: 32739763 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Taurine is an abundant intracellular beta-amino acid majorly synthesized in the liver and transported through plasma. In mammals, taurine was reported to be involved in various physiological functions, including the enhancement of testosterone levels, the major estradiol precursor. Therefore, we hypothesize that taurine levels are associated with ovarian follicular steroids as well as with a reproductive problem called postpartum anestrus (PPA) in dairy buffaloes. To understand the taurine levels and its possible role in buffalo ovarian follicles, a correlation was established among taurine, estradiol, and testosterone levels in the ovarian follicular fluid. For this purpose, buffalo ovaries were obtained from the slaughterhouse, and follicular fluid samples were collected from small (<4 mm), medium (4-8 mm) and large (>8 mm) follicles. Taurine and steroid levels in the follicular fluid were analyzed by TLC and ELISA, respectively. Taurine and testosterone levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the follicular fluid of small and medium follicles than large follicles, whereas the estradiol levels were significantly (P < 0.001) higher in the large follicles. Thus, taurine showed a positive correlation (r = 0.75) with testosterone and a negative correlation (r = -0.77) with estradiol in buffalo follicular fluid, indicating its possible role in testosterone function during follicular development. Interestingly, significantly (P < 0.001) lower plasma taurine levels in PPA (n = 50) than normal cyclic (n = 50) buffaloes represented its association with PPA. Therefore, our present study recommends the need for future nutrition studies on taurine supplementation to PPA buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Behera
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics & Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - K Sravanthi
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics & Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - L K Kumar
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics & Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - G V Vedamurthy
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics & Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - D Singh
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics & Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - S K Onteru
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics & Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India.
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Lopes EPF, Rodrigues GQ, de Brito DCC, Rocha RMP, Ferreira ACA, de Sá NAR, Silva RFD, de Alcântara GLH, Alves BG, Figueiredo JRD, Zelinski M, Rodrigues APR. Vitrification of caprine secondary and early antral follicles as a perspective to preserve fertility function. Reprod Biol 2020; 20:371-378. [PMID: 32418820 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the structure, survival and development of isolated caprine (secondary-SEC and early antral-EANT) follicles, after vitrification in the presence of synthetic polymers and in vitro culture. Additionally, transzonal projections (TZPs) and p450 aromatase enzyme were evaluated. After isolation, SEC and EANT follicles were in vitro cultured for six days or vitrified. After one week, SEC and EANT follicles were warmed and also in vitro cultured for six days. Data revealed that the percentage of morphologically normal follicles was similar between fresh and vitrified follicles in both follicular categories and antrum formation rate was similar between fresh and vitrified SEC follicles. Fluorescence by calcein-AM did not show difference between fresh and vitrified (SEC and EANT) follicles, however, the trypan blue test showed low viability for vitrified follicles. The integrity of TZPs was not affected between fresh and vitrified SEC follicles, however, in vitrified EANT follicles, there were signs of TZPs loss. Regarding steroidogenic function, it was observed a positive staining for p450 aromatase enzyme in fresh and vitrified SEC and EANT follicles. It was concluded that SEC follicles seem to be more resistant to vitrification than EANT follicles, as shown by the trypan blue test and TZPs assay. Future studies may confirm this hypothesis, in order to consolidate the use of SEC and EANT follicles as an alternative to ovary cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everton Pimentel Ferreira Lopes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Quintino Rodrigues
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Danielle Cristina Calado de Brito
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Anna Clara Accioly Ferreira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Naíza Arcângela Ribeiro de Sá
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Renato Félix da Silva
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Las Heras de Alcântara
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - José Ricardo de Figueiredo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Mary Zelinski
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Ana Paula Ribeiro Rodrigues
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Brantley N, Lessman CA. In vivo assessment of gonad status, secondary sex characteristics and spawning in transparent Casper zebrafish. Mech Dev 2019; 160:103582. [PMID: 31634535 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2019.103582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Important aspects of vertebrate reproduction, such as gametogenesis, involve changes in organs found deep internally and thus not easily studied directly in most living vertebrates due to obscuring pigment and overlying tissues. Transparent lines of zebrafish, especially the Casper double mutant, allow direct observation and analysis of reproductive events in the gonads in vivo. The natural production of fertilized eggs in zebrafish is a complex process involving oogenesis, spermatogenesis, mating behavior, endocrine and neurological processes with inputs from the environment including light, temperature and nutrition. While these factors play important roles, the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPGA) is central in the regulation of embryo output. Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) include a variety of pollutants often present in the environment. EDCs may have direct effects on the HPGA or indirect effects through toxic action on supporting organs such as the liver or kidney. Estrogenic compounds such as diethylstilbestrol (DES) have been reported to affect reproduction in a variety of species including man. In this study, the effects of DES on reproduction were determined in a novel way by using transparent Casper zebrafish that allow direct visualization of gonad status over time. Changes in gonad status with DES treatment were correlated with effects on secondary sex characteristics (i.e., genital vent size and breeding tubercles) spawning and embryo production. The results suggest that the Casper zebrafish is a useful model for studying dynamics of reproductive events in vertebrate gonads in vivo and for determining effects of EDCs on zebrafish reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Brantley
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, United States of America
| | - Charles A Lessman
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, United States of America.
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Huang Q, Liu Y, Yang Z, Xie Y, Mo Z. The Effects of Cholesterol Metabolism on Follicular Development and Ovarian Function. Curr Mol Med 2019; 19:719-730. [PMID: 31526349 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190916155004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol is an important substrate for the synthesis of ovarian sex hormones and has an important influence on follicular development. The cholesterol in follicular fluid is mainly derived from plasma. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) play important roles in ovarian cholesterol transport. The knockout of related receptors in the mammalian HDL and LDL pathways results in the reduction or absence of fertility, leading us to support the importance of cholesterol homeostasis in the ovary. However, little is known about ovarian cholesterol metabolism and the complex regulation of its homeostasis. Here, we reviewed the cholesterol metabolism in the ovary and speculated that regardless of the functioning of cholesterol metabolism in the system or the ovarian microenvironment, an imbalance in cholesterol homeostasis is likely to have an adverse effect on ovarian structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Huang
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hengyang Medical school, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yannan Liu
- Nursing School, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hengyang Medical school, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yuanjie Xie
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hengyang Medical school, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhongcheng Mo
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hengyang Medical school, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
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Socha JK, Hrabia A. Response of the chicken ovary to GH treatment during a pause in laying induced by fasting. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019; 69:84-95. [PMID: 31382237 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to examine the effect of GH treatment during a pause in laying on (1) ovarian follicle formation, growth (folliculogenesis), and atresia; (2) follicle cell proliferation and apoptosis; and (3) mRNA expression of selected yolk-specific proteins in the chicken liver. A pause in egg laying was induced by food deprivation for 5 d, followed by feeding every other day, and then feeding daily from day 10 onward. Birds were divided into 3 groups: control (n = 18) fed ad libitum, subjected to a pause in laying (n = 18), and subjected to a pause in laying and injected every day with 200 μg/kg BW of chicken GH (chGH; n = 18). The liver, ovarian stroma, and follicles were isolated from the hens of each group on days 6 (ovary regression), 13 (ovary recrudescence), and 17 or 20 (ovary rejuvenated) of the experiment. The results showed that injection of chGH during fasting (1) increased the number of follicles <1 mm and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive (proliferating) cells in these follicles; (2) attenuated the expression of PCNA and survivin mRNA in the white follicles and the activity of caspases 3, 8, and 9 in the stroma and white follicles; (3) intensified the atresia of yellow hierarchical follicles; and (4) deepened the effect of starvation on egg yolk gene expression concomitantly with considerably increased IGF-1 transcription levels in the liver (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). Prolongation of chGH injections into the refeeding period did not exert pronounced effects on the examined parameters. In summary, the results provide evidence that GH promotes the formation and development of prehierarchical follicles in the hen ovary during a pause in laying by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. Alterations in cell proliferation- and apoptosis-related gene expression or enzyme activity in ovarian follicles as well as the expression of egg yolk proteins in the liver after chGH treatment strongly suggest that this hormone is involved in determining the rate of regression and rejuvenation of the chicken ovary during a pause in laying.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Socha
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - A Hrabia
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
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Alves ED, Bonfá ALO, Pigatto GR, Anselmo-Franci JA, Achcar JA, Parizotto NA, Montrezor LH. Photobiomodulation can improve ovarian activity in polycystic ovary syndrome-induced rats. J Photochem Photobiol B 2019; 194:6-13. [PMID: 30897401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Follicular cystic ovary disease is a common reproductive disorder in women and females of domestic animals, characterized by anovulation and the persistence of follicle is a common cause of reproductive failure in mammalian. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism (HA), chronic anovulation and polycystic ovaries, and it is a common reproductive endocrine disease with clinical manifestations including hirsutism, acne, infertility and obesity that can affect 5-20% of women in their reproductive age. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been investigated and used in clinical practice, related to biomodulatory influences on cellular functions in animals and humans, both in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we include endocrine and reproductive features in a rat model for PCOS and the effects of PBM on ovarian activities. Forty-five adult female Wistar rats PCOS-induced by a single dose of the estradiol valerate (EV) were used in the study. After the EV injection for PCO induction, rats were divided into 9 groups (n = 5/group) named C30, C45 and C60 (Control group), S30, S45 and S60 (PCO group) and L30, L45 and L60 (PCO/Laser group). The rats were irradiated with laser 3 times/week. The results shown that EV PCO-induced rats had increased body mass, reduced ovary mass, and reduced GSI. The plasma levels of P4 and T were increased, and the LH plasma level was decreased by PBM stimulation. The number of ovarian follicles and corpus luteum were increased, and the number of ovarian cysts was decreased by PBM stimulation. Thus, reproductive and endocrine characteristics were modulated by PBM.
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Sallam SM, Attia MF, Nour El-Din AN, El-Zarkouny SZ, Saber AM, El-Zaiat HM, Zeitoun MM. Involvement of Quebracho tannins in diet alters productive and reproductive efficiency of postpartum buffalo cows. Anim Nutr 2019; 5:80-86. [PMID: 30899814 PMCID: PMC6407090 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of 10 weeks supplementation of Quebracho tannins (QT; 0 [control], 100 [QT100] or 200 g/[cow·d] [QT200]) to 30 multiparous postpartum buffalo cows (10 cows per group) on milk yield and composition, blood metabolites and reproductive performance. Supplementation of QT100 had no significant effect on milk yield, whereas QT200 decreased (P < 0.05) this trait. Compared with the control group, both QT levels decreased (P < 0.05) fat-corrected milk (FCM) yield, but no significant effects were found on percentages of milk fat and protein. Contrariwise, yields of milk fat, lactose and milk protein were decreased (P < 0.05) when QT200 was supplemented. The solids nonfat (SNF) percentage and yield were decreased (P < 0.05) with QT100 supplementation. Moreover, QT tended to numerically reduce total number of ovarian follicles, number of small follicles, peripheral progesterone concentration and conception rate. Supplementation of QT200 numerically increased number of large follicles, mean diameter of large follicle, number and diameters of corpora lutea. The inclusion of QT200 shortened days open (DO) and decreased number of services per conception. Contrariwise, QT did not show significant effects on serum total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations. Supplementation of QT100 caused an increase (P < 0.05) of serum urea compared with that in control and QT200 groups. Generally, QT decreased (P < 0.05) serum creatinine concentration. Therefore, the supplementation of a commercial QT to early lactating Egyptian buffalo cows displayed negative consequences on their productive and reproductive performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhy M.A. Sallam
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria, P.O. Box 21545, Egypt
| | - Marwa F.A. Attia
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria, P.O. Box 21545, Egypt
| | - Adel N.M. Nour El-Din
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria, P.O. Box 21545, Egypt
| | - Samir Z. El-Zarkouny
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria, P.O. Box 21545, Egypt
| | - Adel M. Saber
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, P.O. Box 12619, Egypt
| | - Hani M. El-Zaiat
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria, P.O. Box 21545, Egypt
| | - Moustafa M. Zeitoun
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria, P.O. Box 21545, Egypt
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Grazul-Bilska AT, Bass CS, Kaminski SL, Ebel KK, Leke E, Thammasiri J, Kraisoon A, Navanukraw C, Holst M, Shelton M, Dorsam ST, Redmer DA. Effects of plane of nutrition and arginine on ovarian follicles in non-pregnant sheep: Cell proliferation, and expression of endothelial nitric oxide and its receptor. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:189-197. [PMID: 30591314 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the nitric oxide (NO) system in ovarian function, by determining if arginine (Arg) supplementation impacts follicle number, cell proliferation, and expression of the NO system members in nutritionally compromised ewes. Ewes were randomly assigned into maintenance (C, 100% requirements), excess (O; 2xC), or restricted (U; 0.6xC) diets 8 weeks prior to Arg treatment. Ewes were individually fed twice daily with pelleted diets. Ewes from each nutritional group were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: saline or Arg, which was initiated on day 0 of the estrous cycle and administered 3 times per day. Ovaries were collected at the early-luteal, mid-luteal and late-luteal/follicular phases of the estrous cycle to determine 1) the number of surface follicles, 2) follicle cell proliferation marked by Ki67 protein expression, and 3) expression of endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS; NOS3) and soluble guanylyl cyclase beta (sGC; GUCY1B3) protein and mRNA in granulosa (G) and theca (T) layers using immunohistochemistry followed by image analysis and qPCR, respectively. During nutritional treatment, C maintained body weight, O gained 6±1.2 kg, and U lost 14±1.3 kg. Our data show that: 1) Ki67 was expressed in all ovarian compartments, eNOS protein was detected in blood vessels of T and stroma, and sGC protein was detected in T cells, and blood vessels of T layer and other ovarian compartments; 2) plane of nutrition affected the number of surface follicles, and thus folliculogenesis, cell proliferation in the T layer, eNOS and sGC protein expression in T, and NOS3 and GUCY1B3 mRNA expression in G; 3) Arg treatment affected cell proliferation in G and T, eNOS and sGC protein expression in T, mRNA expression of NOS3 in T in all groups, and GUCY1B3 in G depending on the stage of the estrous cycle; and 4) G and T cell proliferation, and expression of eNOS and sGC protein in T was affected by the stage of the estrous cycle. Our data demonstrated that plane of nutrition and Arg are involved in the regulation of follicular functions in non-pregnant sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna T Grazul-Bilska
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.
| | - Casie S Bass
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Samantha L Kaminski
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Kaitlyn K Ebel
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Elizabeth Leke
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Jiratti Thammasiri
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Biotechnology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aree Kraisoon
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Biotechnology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chainarong Navanukraw
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Biotechnology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Marisa Holst
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Mckenzi Shelton
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Sheri T Dorsam
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Dale A Redmer
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
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Abstract
Various toxicants, such as drugs and their metabolites, can cause potential ovarian toxicity. As the functional units of the ovary, ovarian follicles are susceptible to this type of damage at all developmental stages. Studying the effects of toxicants on ovarian follicles is an important task. Three-dimensional (3D) hydrogels, such as fibrin alginate interpenetrating networks (FA-IPNs), can support ovarian follicle culture in vitro for extended periods of time and serve as a suitable tool for studying ovotoxicity. Growing follicles encapsulated in the FA-IPN can proteolytically degrade the fibrin component in the FA-IPN. The degradation of fibrin mirrors the follicle growth and serves as a surrogate reporter for follicle health. The speed of fibrin degradation can be further controlled by aprotinin, a small molecule that inhibits plasmin-driven proteolytic degradation, which further expands the application of the described system. In this chapter, we describe methods to (1) isolate and encapsulate mouse ovarian follicles in FA-IPN, (2) follow follicle growth and development in vitro, and (3) evaluate the effects of toxicants on folliculogenesis using fibrin degradation.
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Max MC, Bizarro-Silva C, Búfalo I, González SM, Lindquist AG, Gomes RG, Barreiros TRR, Lisboa LA, Morotti F, Seneda MM. In vitro culture supplementation of EGF for improving the survival of equine preantral follicles. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:687-691. [PMID: 30284096 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Folliculogenesis is a process of development and maturation of the ovarian follicles, being essential for the maintenance of fertility. In in vivo conditions, 99.9% of the follicles of an ovary do not ovulate and undergo atresia. In order to minimize this loss and to clarify the existing mechanisms, a technique was developed that allows for the in vitro follicular development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different epidermal growth factor (EGF) concentrations on the in vitro culturing of equine preantral follicles. Ovaries (n = 10) were collected from a local slaughterhouse of mares in seasonal anestrus, washed with 70% alcohol and PBS, and transported. The inner portion of the ovary was divided into 11 fragments of approximately 3 × 3 × 1 mm. A fragment of each ovary was immediately fixed in Bouin (control group). The remaining 10 fragments were individually cultured for 2 and 6 d. The medium was supplemented with different concentrations of EGF (0, 10, 50, 100, and 200 ng/mL). After cultivation, the fragments were processed and classified according to the developmental stage and morphology. In total, 1065 slides containing 6105 tissue sections were evaluated. Within 2 d of culture, there was a higher proportion of intact follicles at the EGF concentrations of 0 and 100 ng/mL (p > 0.05). After 6 d of culture, only the EGF concentration of 100 ng/mL demonstrated a difference when compared to the other treatments (0, 10, 50 and 200 ng/mL of EGF, p > 0.05). There was follicular development after 2 d at all EGF concentrations. Thus, we suggest that EGF promotes follicular survival in equines at a concentration of 100 ng/mL in in vitro cultures of ovarian fragments for 2 d. In addition, we suggest that EGF promotes follicular survival in equines at a concentration of 100 ng/mL in situ cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilu Constantino Max
- Department of Veterinary Clinical, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Camila Bizarro-Silva
- Department of Veterinary Clinical, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil. .,Laboratory Animal Reproduction, DCV, CCA, UEL, Londrina, PR, 86051-990, Cx. Postal: 10.011, Brazil.
| | - Isabela Búfalo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Suellen Miguez González
- Department of Veterinary Clinical, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Andressa Guidugli Lindquist
- Department of Veterinary Clinical, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Roberta Garbelini Gomes
- Department of Veterinary Clinical, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Thales Ricardo Rigo Barreiros
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Production, Laboratory of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction, State University of Northern Parana, Jacarezinho, Parana, Brazil
| | - Lívia Aires Lisboa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Fábio Morotti
- Department of Veterinary Clinical, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Marcondes Seneda
- Department of Veterinary Clinical, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
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Lange A, Schwieger R, Plöntzke J, Schäfer S, Röblitz S. Follicular competition in cows: the selection of dominant follicles as a synergistic effect. J Math Biol 2018; 78:579-606. [PMID: 30194480 DOI: 10.1007/s00285-018-1284-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive cycle of mono-ovulatory species such as cows or humans is known to show two or more waves of follicular growth and decline between two successive ovulations. Within each wave, there is one dominant follicle escorted by subordinate follicles of varying number. Under the surge of the luteinizing hormone a growing dominant follicle ovulates. Rarely the number of ovulating follicles exceeds one. In the biological literature, the change of hormonal concentrations and individually varying numbers of follicular receptors are made responsible for the selection of exactly one dominant follicle, yet a clear cause has not been identified. In this paper, we suggest a synergistic explanation based on competition, formulated by a parsimoniously defined system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that quantifies the time evolution of multiple follicles and their competitive interaction during one wave. Not discriminating between follicles, growth and decline are given by fixed rates. Competition is introduced via a growth-suppressing term, equally supported by all follicles. We prove that the number of dominant follicles is determined exclusively by the ratio of follicular growth and competition. This number turns out to be independent of the number of subordinate follicles. The asymptotic behavior of the corresponding dynamical system is investigated rigorously, where we demonstrate that the [Formula: see text]-limit set only contains fixed points. When also including follicular decline, our ODEs perfectly resemble ultrasound data of bovine follicles. Implications for the involved but not explicitly modeled hormones are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lange
- Computational Systems Biology, Zuse Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Applied Biosciences and Process Engineering, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Köthen, Germany.
| | - Robert Schwieger
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Plöntzke
- Computational Systems Biology, Zuse Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Schäfer
- Computational Systems Biology, Zuse Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanna Röblitz
- Computational Systems Biology, Zuse Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Talebi R, Ahmadi A, Afraz F. Analysis of protein-protein interaction network based on transcriptome profiling of ovine granulosa cells identifies candidate genes in cyclic recruitment of ovarian follicles. J Anim Sci Technol 2018; 60:11. [PMID: 29992036 PMCID: PMC5994657 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-018-0171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
After pubertal, cohort of small antral follicles enters to gonadotrophin-sensitive development, called recruited follicles. This study was aimed to identify candidate genes in follicular cyclic recruitment via analysis of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ovine granulosa cells of small antral follicles between follicular and luteal phases were accumulated among gene/protein symbols of the Ensembl annotation. Following directed graphs, PTPN6 and FYN have the highest indegree and outdegree, respectively. Since, these hubs being up-regulated in ovine granulosa cells of small antral follicles during the follicular phase, it represents an accumulation of blood immune cells in follicular phase in comparison with luteal phase. By contrast, the up-regulated hubs in the luteal phase including CDK1, INSRR and TOP2A which stimulated DNA replication and proliferation of granulosa cells, they known as candidate genes of the cyclic recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Talebi
- 1Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ahmadi
- 1Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Fazlollah Afraz
- Department of Livestock and Aquaculture Biotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of North Region, Rasht, Iran
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Zielak-Steciwko AE, Browne JA. How to Explore the Function and Importance of MicroRNAs: MicroRNAs Expression Profile and Their Target/Pathway Prediction in Bovine Ovarian Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1733:93-105. [PMID: 29435926 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7601-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNA) are integral components of genetic regulatory networks and act by binding to the transcripts of their corresponding target genes, leading to a decrease in protein production levels either by mRNA degradation or by translational repression. While the role of miRNAs is ubiquitous, they have a particular importance with regard to cell differentiation. The miRNA-target mRNA interaction has a significant impact on many signaling pathways and the cross-talk between them; playing a regulatory role in a variety of different physiological processes within the cells. Ovarian follicle development is a physiological process that is not fully understood with regard to miRNA regulation; there are many questions that remain with respect to the molecular regulation of this important process. Bovine follicular cells are a good experimental model for the investigation of these mechanisms, having direct implications on reproductive health in humans. This chapter describes how differentially expressed miRNAs are identified in the granulosa and theca cells of dominant and subordinate bovine ovarian follicles and the identification of their associated targets and pathways. This chapter systematically describes how the granulosa and theca cells are dissected from the ovarian follicles. Afterward, we present a detailed protocol for miRNA extraction, based on a combined TRI reagent/column clean-up method, and also miRNA expression profiling using both microarray and RT-qPCR. In addition, an outline is provided of the bioinformatic analysis which enables the prediction of miRNAs targets. Pathways associated with the differentially expressed miRNAs are also elucidated using DIANA-miRPath software.
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Lal B. Seasonal ovarian immunolocalization of neuropeptide Y and its role in steriodogenesis in Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 255:32-39. [PMID: 29017851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to examine the cellular localization and potential steroidogenic role of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the ovary of the freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus. NPY-immunoreaction was observed in the follicular cells (granulosa and thecal cells) in the growing ovarian follicles, and the intensity of staining increased steadily from the initiation of follicular development until follicles were fully grown. Thereafter as follicles matured the stain intensity decreased. Positive correlations were found between NPY expression and the ovarian levels of 17β-estradiol, testosterone, and activities of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) in the ovary. In vitro NPY treatment stimulated the production of the two steroids and the activities of two enzymes. This is the first report of NPY immunoreactivity at the cellular level in the fish ovary and implicates this orexigenic peptide in the modulation of ovarian steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bechan Lal
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
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41
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Silva LA, Marques LS, Zhang T, Rodrigues RB, Eloy LR, Streit DP. Production of live larvae following in vitro maturation of zebrafish oocytes. Theriogenology 2018; 105:115-119. [PMID: 28950168 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effects of carp pituitary extract (CPE), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) on zebrafish oocyte maturation and the ability of these mature oocytes to be fertilized and developed until hatching. Stage III follicles were matured in eight treatments: five concentrations of CPE (16, 32, 48, 64 and 80 μg/mL), one of FSH (0.5 μg/mL), one of LH (0.5 μg/mL), or one combination of FSH (0.5 μg/mL) and LH (0.5 μg/mL). Maturation rates in CPE treatments were 12.8% (16 μg/mL), 24.8% (32 μg/mL), 27.0% (48 μg/mL), 22.7% (64 μg/mL) and 9.6% (80 μg/mL); in FSH was 15.7% (0.5 μg/mL), in LH was 31.8% (0.5 μg/mL) and in FSH (0.5 μg/mL) combined with LH (0.5 μg/mL) it was 50.4%. In vitro fertilization was performed in all treatments; however, only the treatment combining FSH and LH resulted in fertilized oocytes. After maturation using FSH combined with LH, the cleavage rate was 33.3% and hatching rate of live larvae was 20.0%. These results showed that FSH combined with LH was effective in IVM of zebrafish oocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Lis S Marques
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil.
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Rômulo B Rodrigues
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Raquel Eloy
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Danilo P Streit
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil
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Tao H, Xiong Q, Zhang F, Zhang N, Liu Y, Suo X, Li X, Yang Q, Chen M. Circular RNA profiling reveals chi_circ_0008219 function as microRNA sponges in pre-ovulatory ovarian follicles of goats (Capra hircus). Genomics 2017; 110:S0888-7543(17)30129-5. [PMID: 29107014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of non-coding RNAs in animals and are a novel target of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulation. The mechanism and function of circRNAs have been reported in some species and tissues. However, there is little available information on the functions of circRNAs in the goat reproductive system. In the present study, we deeply sequenced and analyzed circRNAs through bioinformatics to reveal the expression profiles, and predicted 13,950 circRNAs in the pre-ovulatory ovarian follicles of goats for the first time. Thirty-seven circRNAs were differentially expressed in the Boer goat compared with the Macheng black goat. The chi_circ_0008219 was involved in a vast circRNA-miRNA-mRNA co-expression network. Via a luciferase activity assay, chi_circ_0008219 is observed to sponge to 3 ovarian follicle-related miRNAs. These findings demonstrate that circRNAs have potential effects in the ovarian follicles of ewes and may represent a promising new research field in ovarian follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Tao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Qi Xiong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Nian Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Xiaojun Suo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Qianping Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Mingxin Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China.
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Hu SQ, Zadworny D. Effects of nonglycosylated and glycosylated prolactin on basal and gonadotropin-stimulated steroidogenesis in chicken ovarian follicles. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2017; 61:27-38. [PMID: 28595109 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In galliformes, the circulating isoform of prolactin (PRL) significantly changes during different reproductive states. However, the role of the major isoform (glycosylated PRL [G-PRL]) in ovarian steroidogenesis is unknown. The present study aimed to compare the effects of nonglycosylated (NG-) and G-PRL on basal and gonadotropin-stimulated estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) production in granulosa cells or follicular walls of chicken of different size class follicles. In the initial experiment, granulosa cells of preovulatory F3-F1 and prehierarchical 6- to 8-mm follicles were incubated for 24 h with different concentrations of NG- or G-PRL (0, 1, 10, 100, or 1,000 ng/mL). In the subsequent experiments, these categorized granulosa cells and follicular walls of prehierarchical 4-6, 2-4, and <2-mm follicles were incubated for 24 h in the absence and presence of 10-ng/mL FSH or LH, or in combination with different concentrations of NG- or G-PRL (10, 100, or 1,000 ng/mL). We observed that lower levels of NG-PRL induced (P < 0.05) E2 and P4 secretion in granulosa cells of either preovulatory or prehierarchical follicles, but at higher levels, this effect was reduced. In contrast, G-PRL promoted (P < 0.05) basal E2 and P4 secretion in preovulatory granulosa cells but was inhibitory (P < 0.05) in prehierarchical granulosa cells. Results obtained by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) demonstrated that these effects were mediated through modulation of the expression of StAR, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, and 3β-HSD. Furthermore, G-PRL was less potent than NG-PRL in inhibiting FSH- or LH-stimulated E2 and P4 production in granulosa cells of preovulatory follicles, whereas NG-PRL enhanced (P < 0.05) but G-PRL reduced (P < 0.05) FSH-induced P4 production in those of prehierarchical follicles. In follicular walls from each group of prehierarchical 4-6, 2-4, and <2-mm follicles, NG- and G-PRL had both stimulatory and inhibitory influences on the actions of FSH on E2 and P4 secretion, but both suppressed (P < 0.05) LH-induced E2 and P4 secretion except for the synergistic effects of LH and G-PRL on P4 secretion by follicular walls of the follicles of 4-6 mm. Taken together, these results suggest that both NG- and G-PRL are biologically active in regulating basal and gonadotropin-stimulated E2 and P4 production in chicken ovarian follicles. However, their effects are different depending on the concentration, the type of gonadotropin (FSH or LH), and the stage of follicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q Hu
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - D Zadworny
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
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Yousaf M, Siddiqi H, Waheed N. Histomorphological Effects Of Hunger Stress On Ovaries. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2017; 29:654-657. [PMID: 29330998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incidence of stress is on the rise in our daily life involving various neurobiological, endocrinological and behavioral changes. Hunger stress has a potent influence on mental, physical, and reproductive health by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis. METHODS It was a laboratory based randomized control trial. Adult female mice (BALB-c strain) weighing 25-27 grams on first day of estrous cycle were taken in two groups (ten each). Group A was kept in normal environment of animal house for one month. Group B was given hunger stress by restricting the diet to about 50% per day for one month. Right ovaries of the animals were dissected out and observed for shape, color, and weight. Histological slides were prepared for the count of primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles. RESULTS Statistically significant decrease in animal and ovary weight with significant fall in ovarian follicles was observed. CONCLUSIONS Hunger stress affects the ovaries by reducing its weight and number of follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Yousaf
- Department of Anatomy, Rehman Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Hina Siddiqi
- Department of Anatomy, Pak International Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Waheed
- Department of Anatomy, Pak International Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Lopes GP, Santos RR, Almeida DV, Brito AB, Queiroz HL, Domingues SFS. Population estimate and morphometry of ovarian preantral follicles from three recently recognized squirrel monkey species: a comparative study. ZYGOTE 2017; 25:279-87. [PMID: 28534450 DOI: 10.1017/S0967199417000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We describe morphological and morphometrical characteristics of preantral ovarian follicles from three recently recognized Saimiri species: S. macrodon, S. cassiquiarensis and S. vanzolinii; the last one a threatened species. Ovaries from four adult monkeys were evaluated: one pair from a pregnant S. macrodon, two ovarian pairs from S. cassiquiarensis females (one of them pregnant), and one left ovary from a senile S. vanzolinii, applying classical histology. Follicular preantral population was quantified and morphology and morphometry of primordial, primary and secondary follicles were evaluated. Follicular preantral population varied among species, being 347,153 in the ovaries of the S. macrodon, 270,342 and 278,376 in the ovaries of both adult non-pregnant and pregnant S. cassiquiarensis females, and 28,149 in the ovary from a senile S. vanzolinii. Most follicles were at primordial or transition stages, except for the senile S. vanzolinii female, which presented the lowest percentages of primordial and transition follicles when compared with primary and secondary ones. Most preantral follicles (>70%) were morphologically normal in the ovaries from all studied S. macrodon and S. cassiquiarensis females, but the ovary of the senile S. vanzolinii female presented a significant decrease in the percentage of normal follicles (primordial: 61%, transition: 52%, primary: 54%, and secondary: 48%). In general, follicular diameter increased significantly from primordial to transition, and subsequently from primary to secondary follicles.
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Abstract
Human impact on the environment is steadily increasing the amounts of aluminum in the ecosystems. This element accumulates in plants and water, potentially exposing herbivores to its harmful effect. In heavily polluted sites, a decrease in the density of small rodent populations has been observed. This decline may be caused by many factors, including decreased fertility. The aim of the presented research was to determine how aluminum, administered at concentrations similar to those recorded in industrial districts (Al I = 3 mg/l, Al II = 200 mg/l), affects the reproductive abilities of small rodents. As the indicators of reproductive abilities, body weight, weight of the testes and accessory sex glands of males, and uterus weight of females were estimated. In females, the number of matured follicles (types 6, 7, and 8) was analyzed, while in males, the quantity and quality (matured, viable, swollen, motile, head abnormalities) of epididymal sperm cells were assessed. Moreover, the development of testes, measured by spermatogenic index, was determined. The model species was the bank vole. Our results have proven that aluminum impairs adult individuals' reproductive abilities by decreasing the quality and quantity of sperm cells and by causing morphologically abnormal development of the gonads. However, no difference in male organometric parameters was found, and only in females treated with 3 mg/l Al, the uterus weight was higher than control. No differences were found in the total number of matured follicles. These results suggest that the decline in rodent numbers in industrial districts is due, at least in part, to poorer males' reproductive abilities, resulting from exposure to aluminum contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Miska-Schramm
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Joanna Kapusta
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kruczek
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
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Luderer U, Myers MB, Banda M, McKim KL, Ortiz L, Parsons BL. Ovarian effects of prenatal exposure to benzo[a]pyrene: Roles of embryonic and maternal glutathione status. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 69:187-195. [PMID: 28279692 PMCID: PMC5422106 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Females deficient in the glutamate cysteine ligase modifier subunit (Gclm) of the rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione synthesis are more sensitive to ovarian follicle depletion and tumorigenesisby prenatal benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) exposure than Gclm+/+ mice. We investigated effects of prenatal exposure to BaP on reproductive development and ovarian mutations in Kras, a commonly mutated gene in epithelial ovarian tumors. Pregnantmice were dosed from gestational day 6.5 through 15.5 with 2mg/kg/day BaP or vehicle. Puberty onset occurred 5 days earlier in F1 daughters of all Gclm genotypes exposed to BaP compared to controls. Gclm+/- F1 daughters of Gclm+/- mothers and wildtype F1 daughters of wildtype mothers had similar depletion of ovarian follicles following prenatal exposure to BaP, suggesting that maternal Gclm genotype does not modify ovarian effects of prenatal BaP. We observed no BaP treatment or Gclm genotype related differences in ovarian Kras codon 12 mutations in F1 offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Luderer
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, United States; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, United States; Program in Public Health, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, United States.
| | - Meagan B Myers
- U.S. Food, Drug Administration, Division of Genetic, Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, United States
| | - Malathi Banda
- U.S. Food, Drug Administration, Division of Genetic, Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, United States.
| | - Karen L McKim
- U.S. Food, Drug Administration, Division of Genetic, Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, United States
| | - Laura Ortiz
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, United States
| | - Barbara L Parsons
- U.S. Food, Drug Administration, Division of Genetic, Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, United States
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Abstract
Common reproductive problems in captive male lizards are hemipenile plugs in hemipenial sac, unilateral prolapse of hemipenis, or bilateral prolapse of hemipene. Although the orchiectomy is performed as a treatment for testicular disease, the effectiveness in reducing aggressive behavior is unclear. Female captive lizards suffer from cloacal prolapse, preovulatory follicular stasis, or dystocia. The veterinarian must differentiate between the disorders because the treatment differs. Mating, physical, or visual contact with the male stimulates ovulation and prevents preovulatory follicular stasis. Surgical intervention is usually required for dystocia. This article discusses selected procedures and use of ultrasonography and diagnostic endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenek Knotek
- Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 1946/1 Palackeho Street, Brno 612 42, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Cermakova
- Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 1946/1 Palackeho Street, Brno 612 42, Czech Republic
| | - Matteo Oliveri
- Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 1946/1 Palackeho Street, Brno 612 42, Czech Republic
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49
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Abstract
Health of the reproductive organs is essential for formation and production of high quality and hygienic eggs. It is of importance to review the structures and functions of female reproductive system for better understanding of the mechanism by which the eggs are formed. The unique functions of ovarian cells for follicular growth and differentiation as well as steroidogenesis and oocyte maturation are regulated by gonadotropins and gonadal steroids. The oviduct is responsible for egg formation, while the unique function to store sperms for a prolonged period takes place in the specific tissue of this organ. The unique innate and adaptive immuno-defense systems that play essential role to prevent infection are developed in the ovary and oviduct. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that recognize the molecular pattern of microbes and initiate the immunoresponse are expressed in those organs. Avian β-defensins (AvBDs), a member of antimicrobial peptides, are synthesized by the ovarian and oviductal cells. Challenge of those cells by TLR ligands upregulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, which in turn stimulate the expression of AvBDs. The adaptive immune system in the ovary and oviduct is also unique, since the migration of lymphocytes is enhanced by estrogens. In contrast to the development of immuno-defense system, spontaneous ovarian cancer and uterine fibroids appear more frequently in chickens than in mammals, and thus chickens could be used as a model for studying these diseases. Thus the avian reproductive organs have unique functions not only for egg formation but also for the immuno-defense system, which is essential for prevention of infection and production of hygienic eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinori Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
| | - Animesh Barua
- Departments of Pharmacology, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Shahrokh Tehraninezhad E, Mehrabi F, Taati R, Kalantar V, Aziminekoo E, Tarafdari A. Analysis of ovarian reserve markers (AMH, FSH, AFC) in different age strata in IVF/ICSI patients. Int J Reprod Biomed 2016; 14:501-6. [PMID: 27679824 PMCID: PMC5015663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The predictive roles of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) as ovarian reserve markers in women with different age groups are not established well. OBJECTIVE This study compares the value of FSH, AMH and AFC at the time of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment in different age groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 103 women aged 20-43 years candidates for IVF/ICSI cycle were recruited. FSH, AMH and AFC on day 3 of menstrual cycle were measured. The relationship of these measured markers with outcome variables (oocytes number, number of frozen/fresh embryo and chemical and clinical pregnancy) was assessed in different age groups (i.e. 20-32, 33-37 and 38-43 years). RESULTS our results show that age was correlated with clinical pregnancy, oocyte count and fresh and frozen embryo (p<0.001). AMH, AFC and FSH were not correlated with clinical or chemical pregnancy at total population or age subgroups except the significant correlation of AFC with clinical pregnancy at 33-37 years old group. AFC was correlated with oocyte count and the number of fresh and frozen embryos in the ages group 20-32 years. In this age group, AMH was correlated with fresh and frozen embryos. AMH, AFC and FSH were correlated with oocyte count and the number of fresh embryos in age group 33-37 years. AMH was correlated with oocyte count and the number of fresh embryos in 38-43 years old group. CONCLUSION We concluded that the age is the superior predictor of IVF outcome and AMH and AFC are variable predicting markers of ovarian reserve in different age groups.
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