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Miki Y, Yoshii M, Miyauchi R, Kasashima H, Fukuoka T, Tamura T, Shibutani M, Toyokawa T, Lee S, Yashiro M, Maeda K. Prognostic significance of connective tissue growth factor expression in stromal cells in patients with diffuse‑type gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:241. [PMID: 38618645 PMCID: PMC11008098 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a target gene of the Hippo signaling pathway. Its differential role in the histological types of gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown; therefore, the present study aimed to confirm the clinical significance of CTGF expression in cancer and stromal cells in patients with GC depending on the histological type. The present study enrolled 589 patients with GC. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze CTGF expression in cancer and stromal cells. CTGF mRNA expression data and the corresponding clinical information of GC samples were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Subsequently, the associations between CTGF expression and several clinicopathological factors were investigated. In the present study, CTGF expression was mainly observed in the cytoplasm of cancer and stromal cells. CTGF expression in stromal cells was significantly associated with CTGF expression in cancer cells (P<0.001). CTGF positivity in stromal cells was also significantly associated with intestinal type, non-scirrhous type, tumor depth (T1-2), lymph node metastasis (negative), lymphatic invasion (negative) and tumor size (<5 cm). Low CTGF expression in stromal cells was independently associated with worse overall survival (OS). Furthermore, the OS of patients with low CTGF expression in stromal cells, especially in patients with diffuse-type GC, was significantly worse than patients with high CTGF expression (P=0.022). This trend was similar to that revealed by TCGA data analysis. In conclusion, low CTGF expression was associated with a significantly worse OS in patients with diffuse-type GC. These data indicated that CTGF, and its control by the Hippo pathway, may be considered potential treatment targets in diffuse-type GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Miki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Mami Yoshii
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Ryoko Miyauchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kasashima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tatsunari Fukuoka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Tamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masatsune Shibutani
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takahiro Toyokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shigeru Lee
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Maeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
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Murakami Y, Imaizumi T, Hashizume K, Tezuka Y, Oku Y, Nishiya N, Sanbe A, Kurosaka D. Inhibition of Connective Tissue Growth Factor Expression in Adult Retinal Pigment Epithelial-19 Cells by Blocking Yes-Associated Protein/Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-Binding Motif Activity. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2024. [PMID: 38517736 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2023.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effect of yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression in adult retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE)-19 cells. We also studied the inhibitory effect of K-975, a new pan-transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD) inhibitor, and luteolin, a plant-derived flavonoid on CTGF expression. Methods: ARPE-19 cells were transfected with either YAP or TAZ overexpression plasmid or treated with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2. The cells were cultured either with or without K-975 or luteolin. The expression of YAP, TAZ, and CTGF was examined using real-time PCR. Results: ARPE-19 cells overexpressing YAP or TAZ exhibited significantly increased CTGF expression. This increase was attenuated by K-975 or luteolin alone. TGF-β2 treatment significantly raised the expression of not just YAP and TAZ, but also CTGF in ARPE-19 cells. TGF-β2 treatment-enhanced CTGF expression was considerably lowered by the addition of K-975 or luteolin. Conclusions: Overexpression of YAP or TAZ and treatment with TGF-β2 led to an increase in the expression of CTGF in ARPE-19 cells. These increases were attenuated by treatment with K-975 and luteolin. These findings suggest that YAP and TAZ may be related to the expression of CTGF in ARPE-19 cells and that K-975 and luteolin can be explored as potential therapeutic agents for preventing CTGF production in vitreoretinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Murakami
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaitori, Yahaba-Cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Imaizumi
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaitori, Yahaba-Cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kouhei Hashizume
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaitori, Yahaba-Cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yu Tezuka
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Japan
| | - Yusuke Oku
- Department of Integrated Information for Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Nishiya
- Department of Integrated Information for Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sanbe
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Japan
| | - Daijiro Kurosaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaitori, Yahaba-Cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan
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Dastaviz F, Vahidi A, Khosravi T, Khosravi A, Sheikh Arabi M, Bagheri A, Rashidi M, Oladnabi M. Impact of umbelliprenin-containing niosome nanoparticles on VEGF-A and CTGF genes expression in retinal pigment epithelium cells. Int J Ophthalmol 2024; 17:7-15. [PMID: 38239942 PMCID: PMC10754669 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.01.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the impact of niosome nanoparticles carrying umbelliprenin (UMB), an anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory plant compound, on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) genes in a human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-like retina-derived cell line. METHODS UMB-containing niosomes were created, optimized, and characterized. RPE-like cells were treated with free UMB and UMB-containing niosomes. The IC50 values of the treatments were determined using an MTT assay. Gene expression of VEGF-A and CTGF was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction after RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis. Niosomes' characteristics, including drug entrapment efficiency, size, dispersion index, and zeta potential were assessed. Free UMB had an IC50 of 96.2 µg/mL, while UMB-containing niosomes had an IC50 of 25 µg/mL. RESULTS Treatment with UMB-containing niosomes and free UMB resulted in a significant reduction in VEGF-A expression compared to control cells (P=0.001). Additionally, UMB-containing niosomes demonstrated a significant reduction in CTGF expression compared to control cells (P=0.05). However, there was no significant reduction in the expression of both genes in cells treated with free UMB. CONCLUSION Both free UMB and niosome-encapsulated UMB inhibits VEGF-A and CTGF genes expression. However, the latter demonstrates significantly greater efficacy, potentially due to the lower UMB dosage and gradual delivery. These findings have implications for anti-angiogenesis therapeutic approaches targeting age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Dastaviz
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 4934174516, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 4934174516, Iran
| | - Akram Vahidi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 4934174516, Iran
| | - Teymoor Khosravi
- Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 4934174516, Iran
| | - Ayyoob Khosravi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 4934174516, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Technologies, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 4934174516, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sheikh Arabi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Technologies, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 4934174516, Iran
| | - Abouzar Bagheri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4847191628, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4847191628, Iran
| | - Morteza Oladnabi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 4934174516, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 4934174516, Iran
- Gorgan Congenital Malformations Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 4934174516, Iran
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Ma L, Liu L, Ji M, Su L, Guan Y, Xiao J, Pu H. Ezrin promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via the Hippo signaling pathway. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220743. [PMID: 37791063 PMCID: PMC10543706 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the role of Ezrin in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and investigate potential therapeutic targets for ESCC by interfering with Ezrin expression. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that Ezrin expression differed significantly among patients with different clinical stage ESCC. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between Ezrin and yes-associated protein/connective tissue growth factor (YAP1/CTGF) levels in esophageal cancer. Sixty paraffin-embedded ESCC tissue samples were examined and Ezrin and YAP1/CTGF levels were determined using immunohistochemistry. The positive expression rates of Ezrin and YAP1/CTGF were significantly lower in adjacent tissues than in ESCC tissues. Furthermore, knockdown of Ezrin expression inhibited colony formation and reduced cell migration and invasion. Compared with control ESCC cells, protein expression levels of YAP1 and CTGF were significantly downregulated in cells with Ezrin knocked down. We conclude that Ezrin may be involved in ESCC progression through the Hippo signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 567, Shangde North Road, Urumqi830017, Xinjiang, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan South Road, Urumqi830054, Xinjiang, China
| | - Min Ji
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan South Road, Urumqi830054, Xinjiang, China
| | - Liping Su
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan South Road, Urumqi830054, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yaling Guan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 567, Shangde North Road, Urumqi830017, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jinling Xiao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 567, Shangde North Road, Urumqi830017, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongwei Pu
- Department of Discipline Construction, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan South Road, Urumqi830054, Xinjiang, China
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Liu R, Zhu M, Chen J, Gai J, Huang J, Zhou Y, Wan Y, Tu C. Identification and Characterization of a Novel Nanobody Against Human CTGF to Reveal Its Antifibrotic Effect in an in vitro Model of Liver Fibrosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5407-5422. [PMID: 37753068 PMCID: PMC10519214 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s428430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background No agents are currently available for the treatment or reversal of liver fibrosis. Novel antifibrotic therapies for chronic liver diseases are thus urgently needed. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) has been shown to contributes profoundly to liver fibrogenesis, which makes CTGF as a promising target for developing antifibrotic agents. Methods In this study, we identified a novel nanobody (Nb) against human CTGF (anti-CTGF Nb) by phage display using an immunized camel, which showed high affinity and specificity in vitro. LX-2 cells, the immortalized human hepatic stellate cells, were induced by transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ1) as an in vitro model of liver fibrosis to verify the antifibrotic activity of the anti-CTGF Nb. Results Our data demonstrated that anti-CTGF Nb effectively alleviated TGFβ1-induced LX-2 cell proliferation, activation, and migration, and promoted the apoptosis of activated LX-2 cells in response to TGFβ1. Moreover, the anti-CTGF Nb remarkably reduced the levels of TGFβ1, Smad2, and Smad3 expression in LX-2 stellate cells stimulated by TGFβ1. Conclusion Taken together, we successfully identified a novel Nb against human CTGF, which exhibited antifibrotic effects in vitro by regulating the biological functions of human stellate cells LX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhu
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201318, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200434, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Gai
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201318, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Huang
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201318, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yakun Wan
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201318, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuantao Tu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, People's Republic of China
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van Velthoven MJJ, Gudde AN, Struijs F, Oosterwijk E, Roovers JP, Guler Z, Hooijmans CR, Kouwer PHJ. The Effect of Growth Factors on Vaginal Wound Healing: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2023; 29:429-440. [PMID: 37051705 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2022.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Surgical outcomes of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery are poor, resulting in a 20% recurrence risk. Following the hypothesis that impaired wound healing is the main determinant of recurrent POP, growth factors have the potential to promote wound healing and may improve surgical outcomes. In this study, we systematically reviewed the effect of growth factors on vaginal wound healing in both in vitro and animal studies. For each independent comparison, the standardized mean difference and 95% CI were calculated using the Hedges' g correction. Of the 3858 retrieved studies, seven studies were included, of which six were included in meta-analysis (three in vitro studies and four in vivo studies). In vitro, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) promotes proliferation, differentiation, and collagen types I and III production. Epidermal growth factor stimulates proliferation and connective tissue growth factor promotes Tenascin-C expression. These effects, however, are less pronounced in vivo; only bFGF slightly promotes collagen production. The review shows that growth factors, particularly bFGF, are able to promote vaginal wound healing in vitro. The uncertain in vivo findings suggest that preclinical models should be improved. The ultimate goal is to develop effective growth factor-supplemented therapies that improve surgical outcomes for POP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J J van Velthoven
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Aksel N Gudde
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederique Struijs
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Egbert Oosterwijk
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Paul Roovers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zeliha Guler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn R Hooijmans
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H J Kouwer
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Connolly AM, Zaidman CM, Brandsema JF, Phan HC, Tian C, Zhang X, Li J, Eisner MD, Carrier E. Pamrevlumab, a Fully Human Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Connective Tissue Growth Factor, for Non-Ambulatory Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Neuromuscul Dis 2023:JND230019. [PMID: 37248912 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-230019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disease stemming from dystrophin gene mutations. Lack of dystrophin leads to progressive muscle damage and replacement of muscle with fibrotic and adipose tissue. Pamrevlumab (FG-3019), a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), is in Phase III development for treatment of DMD and other diseases. METHODS MISSION (Study 079; NCT02606136) was an open-label, Phase II, single-arm trial of pamrevlumab in 21 non-ambulatory patients with DMD (aged≥12 years, receiving corticosteroids) who received 35-mg/kg intravenous infusions every 2 weeks for 2 years. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in percent predicted forced vital capacity (ppFVC). Secondary endpoints included other pulmonary function tests, upper limb function and strength assessments, and changes in upper arm fat and fibrosis scores on magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS Fifteen patients completed the trial. Annual change from baseline (SE) in ppFVC was -4.2 (0.7) (95% CI -5.5, -2.8). Rate of decline in ppFVC in pamrevlumab-treated patients was slower than observed in historical published trials of non-ambulatory patients. MISSION participants experienced slower-than-anticipated muscle function declines compared with natural history and historical published trials of non-ambulatory patients with DMD. Pamrevlumab was well-tolerated. Treatment-emergent adverse events were mild to moderate, and none led to study discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS nti-CTGF therapy with pamrevlumab represents a potential treatment for DMD. The lack of internal control group limits the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Connolly
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Craig M Zaidman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John F Brandsema
- Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Han C Phan
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cuixia Tian
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Jack Li
- FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
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Selina PI, Alekseenko IV, Kurtova AI, Pleshkan VV, Voronezhskaya EE, Demidyuk IV, Kostrov SV. Efficiency of Promoters of Human Genes FAP and CTGF at Organism Level in a Danio rerio Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087192. [PMID: 37108352 PMCID: PMC10138699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of tissue-specific promoters for gene therapeutic constructs is one of the aims of complex tumor therapy. The genes encoding the fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) can function in tumor-associated stromal cells but are practically inactive in normal adult cells. Accordingly, the promoters of these genes can be used to develop vectors targeted to the tumor microenvironment. However, the efficiency of these promoters within genetic constructs remains underexplored, particularly, at the organism level. Here, we used the model of Danio rerio embryos to study the efficiency of transient expression of marker genes under the control of promoters of the FAP, CTGF, and immediate early genes of Human cytomegalovirus (CMV). Within 96 h after the injection of vectors, the CTGF and CMV promoters provided similar equal efficiency of reporter protein accumulation. In the case of the FAP promoter, a high level of reporter protein accumulation was observed only in certain zebrafish individuals that were considered developmentally abnormal. Disturbed embryogenesis was the factor of changes in the exogenous FAP promoter function. The data obtained make a significant contribution to understanding the function of the human CTGF and FAP promoters within vectors to assess their potential in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina I Selina
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V Alekseenko
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Victor V Pleshkan
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ilya V Demidyuk
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V Kostrov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 123182 Moscow, Russia
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Retraction: miR-26a-5p mediates TLR signaling pathway by targeting CTGF in LPS induced alveolar macrophage. Biosci Rep 2023; 43. [PMID: 36847582 DOI: 10.1042/BSR-2019-2598_RET] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
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10
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Tsai YT, Yeh HY, Chao CT, Huang JW, Chiang CK. The context-dependent role of transforming growth factor-β/miR-378a-3p/ connective tissue growth factor in vascular calcification: a translational study. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:830-45. [PMID: 36787443 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular calcification (VC) constitutes an important vascular pathology with prognostic importance. The pathogenic role of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in VC remains unclear, with heterogeneous findings that we aimed to evaluate using experimental models and clinical specimens. METHODS Two approaches, exogenous administration and endogenous expression upon osteogenic media (OM) exposure, were adopted. Aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) were subjected to TGF-β1 alone, OM alone, or both, with calcification severity determined. We evaluated miR-378a-3p and TGF-β1 effectors (connective tissue growth factor; CTGF) at different periods of calcification. Results were validated in an ex vivo model and further in sera from older adults without or with severe aortic arch calcification. RESULTS TGF-β1 treatment induced a significant dose-responsive increase in ASMC calcification without or with OM at the mature but not early or mid-term VC period. On the other hand, OM alone induced VC accompanied by suppressed TGF-β1 expressions over time; this phenomenon paralleled the declining miR-378a-3p and CTGF expressions since early VC. TGF-β1 treatment led to an upregulation of CTGF since early VC but not miR-378a-3p until mid-term VC, while miR-378a-3p overexpression suppressed CTGF expressions without altering TGF-β1 levels. The OM-induced down-regulation of TGF-β1 and CTGF was also observed in the ex vivo models, with compatible results identified from human sera. CONCLUSIONS We showed that TGF-β1 played a context-dependent role in VC, involving a time-dependent self-regulatory loop of TGF-β1/miR-378a-3p/CTGF signaling. Our findings may assist subsequent studies in devising potential therapeutics against VC.
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Laursen SH, Hansen SG, Taskin MB, Chen M, Wogensen L, Nygaard JV, Axelsen SM. Electrospun nanofiber mesh with connective tissue growth factor and mesenchymal stem cells for pelvic floor repair: Long-term study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:392-401. [PMID: 36075108 PMCID: PMC10087977 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) affects many women, with an estimated lifetime risk of surgical intervention of 18.7%. There is a need for alternative approaches as the use of synthetic nondegradable mesh was stopped due to severe adverse events, and as current methods for pelvic floor repair have high POP recurrence rates. Thus, we hypothesized that electrospun degradable meshes with stem cells and growth factor were safe and durable for the long term in elderly rats. In an abdominal repair model, electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) meshes coated with connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)/PEG-fibrinogen (PF) and rat mesenchymal stem cells were implanted in elderly female rats and removed after in average 53 weeks (53-week group). Collagen amount and production were quantified by qPCR and Western blotting. Moreover, histological appearance and biomechanical properties were evaluated. Results were compared with previous results of young rats with identical mesh implanted for 24 weeks (24-week group). The 53-week group differed from the 24-week group in terms of (1) reduced collagen III, (2) strong reduction in foreign body response, and (3) altered histological appearance. We found comparable biomechanical properties, aside from higher, not significant, mean tissue stiffness in the 53-week group. Lastly, we identified mesh components 53 weeks after implantation. This study provides new insights into future POP repair in postmenopausal women by showing how CTGF/PF-coated electrospun PCL meshes with stem cells exhibit sufficient support, biocompatibility, and no mesh-related complications long term in an abdominal repair model in elderly rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Husted Laursen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Mehmet Berat Taskin
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Menglin Chen
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering - Medical Biotechnology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Vinge Nygaard
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering - Medical Biotechnology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Deng B, Zhang Y, Zhu C, Wang Y, Weatherford E, Xu B, Liu X, Conway SJ, Abel ED, Xiang YK. Divergent Actions of Myofibroblast and Myocyte β 2-Adrenoceptor in Heart Failure and Fibrotic Remodeling. Circ Res 2023; 132:106-108. [PMID: 36458552 PMCID: PMC9985902 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
| | - Chaoqun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
| | - Eric Weatherford
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City (E.W., E.D.A.)
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
- VA Northern California, Mather (B.X., Y.K.X.)
| | - Xianhui Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
| | - Simon J Conway
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine (S.J.C.)
| | - E. Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City (E.W., E.D.A.)
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (E.D.A.)
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
- VA Northern California, Mather (B.X., Y.K.X.)
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Zhu J, Teng X, Wang L, Zheng M, Meng Y, Liu T, Liu Y, Huan H, Gong D, Xie P. Prolactin promotes crop epithelial proliferation of domestic pigeons (Columba livia) through the Hippo signaling pathway. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad312. [PMID: 37721785 PMCID: PMC10576522 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether prolactin (PRL) regulates the proliferation of pigeon crop epithelium through the Hippo signaling pathway during the breeding cycle. Twenty-four pairs of adult pigeons were allotted to four groups by different breeding stages, and their crops and serum were sampled. Eighteen pairs of young pigeons were selected and divided into three groups for the injection experiments. The results showed that the serum PRL content and crop epithelial thickness of pigeons increased significantly at day 17 of incubation (I17) and day 1 of chick-rearing (R1). In males, the mRNA levels of yes-associated transcriptional regulator (YAP) and snail family transcriptional repressor 2 (SNAI2) were peaked at I17, and the gene levels of large tumor suppressor kinase 1 (LATS1), serine/threonine kinase 3 (STK3), TEA domain transcription factor 3 (TEAD3), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), MYC proto-oncogene (c-Myc) and SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2) reached the maximum value at R1. In females, the gene expression of YAP, STK3, TEAD3, and SOX2 reached the greatest level at I17, the expression profile of SAV1, CTGF, and c-Myc were maximized at R1. In males, the protein levels of LATS1 and YAP were maximized at R1 and the CTGF expression was upregulated at I17. In females, LATS1, YAP, and CTGF reached a maximum value at I17, and the expression level of phosphorylated YAP was minimized at I17 in males and females. Subcutaneous injection of prolactin (injected for 6 d, 10 μg per kg body weight every day) on the left crop of pigeons can promote the proliferation of crop epithelium by increasing the CTGF level and reducing the phosphorylation level of YAP. YAP-TEAD inhibitor verteporfin (injection for 6 d, 2.5 mg per kg body weight every day) can inhibit the proliferation of crop epithelium induced by prolactin by inhibiting YAP and CTGF expression. In conclusion, PRL can participate in crop cell proliferation of pigeons by promoting the expression of YAP and CTGF in Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, P.R.China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China
| | - Xingyi Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266000, P.R.China
| | - Liuxiong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China
| | - Mingde Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China
| | - Yu Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China
| | - Tingwu Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, P.R.China
| | - Ying Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, P.R.China
| | - Haixia Huan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, P.R.China
| | - Daoqing Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China
| | - Peng Xie
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, P.R.China
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Expression of Concern: miR-26a-5p mediates TLR signaling pathway by targeting CTGF in LPS induced alveolar macrophage. Biosci Rep 2022; 42. [PMID: 36367177 DOI: 10.1042/BSR-2019-2598_EOC] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
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Gao Q, Geng J, Ding Y, Yao Z, Meng J, Wang C, Zhang H, Kang P, Tang B. [Serum levels of endothelin-1 and connective tissue growth factor are elevated in patients with atrial fibrillation and correlated with relapse following radiofrequency ablation]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2022; 42:1689-96. [PMID: 36504062 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.11.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes in serum levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and their value for predicting recurrence of AF after radiofrequency ablation (RFCA). METHODS Sixty-six patients with paroxysmal AF (PaAF) and 72 with persistent AF (PaAF) admitted in our hospital were recruited as AF group and 80 patients with sinus rhythm as the control group, and in all the participants, serum levels of ET-1 and CTGF were measured using ELISA and Western blotting. From 6 patients with AF and 6 with sinus rhythm undergoing cardiac surgery in our hospital, tissue samples of the right atrial appendage were taken intraoperatively for observation of structural changes of the cardiomyocytes, myocardial fibrosis and expression of ET-1 and CTGF protein. In AF group, the patients receiving RFCA were followed up for 6 months following the procedure for assessment of the outcomes. RESULTS Compared with the control patients, the patients with AF showed obvious damages of the cardiomyocyte structure and myocardial fibrosis. Serum levels of ET-1 and CTGF levels were significantly higher in PaAF and PeAF groups than in the control group, and were higher in PeAF group than in PaAF group. In the patients with AF, serum ET-1 and CTGF levels were positively correlated with left atrial diameter (LAD) (P < 0.05), and ET-1 was positively correlated with CTGF levels (P < 0.05). In patients with postoperative AF recurrence, the serum levels of ET-1 and CTGF were significantly higher than those in patients without recurrence; serum ET-1 and CTGF levels before and after the operation were positively correlated with the recurrence of PeAF, and elevated serum levels of ET- 1 and CTGF were identified by logistic regression analysis as independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence of PeAF. CONCLUSION Serum levels of ET-1 and CTGF are significantly elevated in AF patients in positive correlation with AF duration. ET-1 and CTGF levels are higher in AF patients with postoperative recurrence, and they both have predictive value for recurrence of PeAF following RFCA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the regulatory role of miRNA-26a in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification by regulating connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). METHODS Rat thoracic aorta VSMCs (A7r5 cells) with induced calcification were treated with AR234960 agonist or transfected with miR-26a mimic, or with both treatments. Alizarin red staining was used to determine calcium deposition, and phosphatase (ALP) activity in the cells was measured. The mRNA and protein expressions of miR-26a, OPG, OPN, BMP-2 and collagen Ⅱ were detected using qPCR and Western blotting. The binding of miR-26a to CTGF was verified using dual luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS After induced calcification, A7r5 cells showed gradually decreased miR-26a expression (P < 0.05) and progressively increased CTGF expression (P < 0.05) with the extension of induction time. Treatment of the cells with AR234960 obviously increased calcification in the cells, while transfection with miR-26a mimic significantly reduced cell calcification. The calcifying cells showed significantly increased ALP activity and expressions of OPN, BMP-2 and collagen Ⅱ (P < 0.05) and lowered OPG expression (P < 0.05), and treatment with AR234960 did not produce obvious effects on these changes (P > 0.05). Transfection with miR-26a mimic resulted in significantly decreased ALP activity and expressions OPN, BMP-2 and collagen Ⅱ expression (P < 0.05) and increased OPG expression (P < 0.05) in the calcifying cells. These effects of miR-26a mimic was significantly attenuated by treatment of the cells with AR234960 (P < 0.05). The result of luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed the binding of miR-26a to CTGF. CONCLUSION miRNA-26a can effectively alleviate vascular calcification by lowering the level of CTGF, reducing ALP activity and the expressions of OPN, BMP-2 and collagen Ⅱ, and increasing the expression of OPG.
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Bowers K, Amelse L, Bow A, Newby S, MacDonald A, Sun X, Anderson D, Dhar M. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Use in Acute Tendon Injury: In Vitro Tenogenic Potential vs. In Vivo Dose Response. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9080407. [PMID: 36004932 PMCID: PMC9404841 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9080407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy for the treatment of tendon injury is an emerging clinical practice in the fields of human and veterinary sports medicine; however, the therapeutic benefit of intralesional transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells in tendonitis cases is not well designed. Questions persist regarding the overall tenogenic potential and efficacy of this treatment alone. In this study, we aimed to isolate a rat mesenchymal stem cell lineage for in vitro and in vivo use, to assess the effects of growth factor exposure in vitro on cell morphology, behavior, and tendon-associated glycoprotein production, and to assess the therapeutic potential of intralesional stem cells, as a function of dose, in vivo. First, rat adipose-derived (rAdMSC) and bone marrow-derived (rBMSC) stem cell lineages were isolated, characterized with flow cytometric analysis, and compared in terms of proliferation (MTS assay) and cellular viability (calcein AM staining). Rat AdMSCs displayed superior proliferation and more homogenous CD 73, CD 44H, and CD 90 expression as compared to rBMSC. Next, the tenogenic differentiation potential of the rAdMSC lineage was tested in vitro through isolated and combined stimulation with reported tenogenic growth factors, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). We found that the most effective tenogenic factor in terms of cellular morphologic change, cell alignment/orientation, sustained cellular viability, and tendon-associated glycoprotein upregulation was TGFβ3, and we confirmed that rAdMSC could be induced toward a tenogenic lineage in vitro. Finally, the therapeutic potential of rAdMSCs as a function of dose was assessed using a rat acute Achilles tendon injury model. Amounts of 5 × 105 (low dose) and 4 × 106 (high dose) were used. Subjectively, on the gross morphology, the rAdMSC-treated tendons exhibited fewer adhesions and less scar tissue than the control tendons; however, regardless of the rAdMSC dose, no significant differences in histological grade or tissue collagen I deposition were noted between the rAdMSC-treated and control tendons. Collectively, rAdMSCs exhibited appropriate stem cell markers and tenogenic potential in vitro, but the clinical efficacy of intralesional implantation of undifferentiated cells in acute tendonitis cases could not be proven. Further investigation into complementary therapeutics or specialized culture conditions prior to implantation are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Bowers
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996-4550, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Lisa Amelse
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996-4550, USA
| | - Austin Bow
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996-4550, USA
| | - Steven Newby
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996-4550, USA
| | - Amber MacDonald
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996-4550, USA
| | - Xiaocun Sun
- Office of Information and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - David Anderson
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996-4550, USA
| | - Madhu Dhar
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996-4550, USA
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Knops N, Ramazani Y, De Loor H, Goldschmeding R, Nguyen TQ, van den Heuvel LP, Levtchenko E, Kuypers DJ. Tacrolimus induces a pro-fibrotic response in donor-derived human proximal tubule cells dependent on common variants of the CYP3A5 and ABCB1 genes. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 38:599-609. [PMID: 35945682 PMCID: PMC9976759 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common genetic variants of the enzymes and efflux pump involved in tacrolimus disposition have been associated with calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity, but their importance is unclear because of the multifactorial background of renal fibrosis. This study explores the pro-fibrotic response of tacrolimus exposure in relation to the differential capacity for tacrolimus metabolism in proximal tubule cells (PTCs) with a variable (pharmaco)genetic background. METHODS PTCs were obtained from protocol allograft biopsies with different combinations of CYP3A5 and ABCB1 variants and were incubated with tacrolimus within the concentration range found in vivo. Gene and protein expression, CYP3A5 and P-glycoprotein function, and tacrolimus metabolites were measured in PTC. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression was assessed in protocol biopsies of kidney allograft recipients. RESULTS PTCs produce CTGF in response to escalating tacrolimus exposure, which is approximately 2-fold higher in cells with the CYP3A5*1 and ABCB1 TT combination in vitro. Increasing tacrolimus exposure results in relative higher generation of the main tacrolimus metabolite {13-O-desmethyl tacrolimus [M1]} in cells with this same genetic background. Protocol biopsies show a larger increase in in vivo CTGF tissue expression over time in TT vs. CC/CT but was not affected by the CYP3A5 genotype. CONCLUSIONS Tacrolimus exposure induces a pro-fibrotic response in a PTC model in function of the donor pharmacogenetic background associated with tacrolimus metabolism. This finding provides a mechanistic insight into the nephrotoxicity associated with tacrolimus treatment and offers opportunities for a tailored immunosuppressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Henriëtte De Loor
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roel Goldschmeding
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tri Q Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lambert P van den Heuvel
- Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Growth and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Translational Metabolic Laboratory and Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Levtchenko
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Solid Organ Transplantation, UZ Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Growth and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk J Kuypers
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Wu Y, Liu L, Lv S, Wang Y, Wang S, Wang S, Zhang J, Wang J. Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate Might Mitigate Radiation-Induced Heart Damage at an Early Stage in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:832045. [PMID: 35392554 PMCID: PMC8981468 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.832045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Radiation-induced heart damage (RIHD) is becoming an increasing concern due to offsetting clinical benefits of radiotherapy to a certain extent. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) as an antioxidant has been implicated in cardioprotective effects. We aimed to investigate whether pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate could attenuate heart damage at an early stage post-irradiation and unveil the potential mechanisms. Methods: A total of 15 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into the control, irradiation (IR), and PDTC plus irradiation (PDTC + IR) groups. Hearts were irradiated with a single fraction of 20.0 Gy. Rats received daily intraperitoneal injection of PDTC for 14 days. At the 14th day post-irradiation, echocardiography was performed, and rats were killed. Morphological damage was examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain and Masson's trichrome stain. The collagen volume fraction (CVF) was applied for semi-quantitative analysis. The protein levels were analyzed by Western blot and mRNA levels by quantitative real-time PCR. Results: No significant damage to systolic function of left ventricular was induced at an early stage post-irradiation. HE staining of cardiac tissue showed that the disordered arrangement of myocardial cells and abnormal cell infiltration were alleviated in the PDTC + IR group. The increased CVF in the irradiation group was inhibited in the PDTC + IR group (22.05 ± 2.64% vs. 9.99 ± 1.65%, p < 0.05). The protein levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and COL-1 were downregulated after treatment with PDTC (p < 0.05), and there was a declining trend in the protein of the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). The mRNA expression of NF-κB and HIF-1α in the PDTC plus irradiation group was lower than that in the irradiation group (p < 0.05), and there was a declining trend in the mRNA expression of the connective tissue growth factor and COL-1. Conclusion: PDTC alleviates myocardial cell disordered arrangement, abnormal cell infiltration, and pro-fibrotic change at an early stage in rats with radiation-induced heart damage. Such a protective effect is closely associated with the downregulation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shengliang Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Kusama K, Fukushima Y, Yoshida K, Azumi M, Yoshie M, Mizuno Y, Kajihara T, Tamura K. PGE2 and Thrombin Induce Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation via Activin A and CTGF in Endometrial Stromal Cells. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6380884. [PMID: 34606582 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is characterized by inflammation and fibrotic changes. Our previous study using a mouse model showed that proinflammatory factors present in peritoneal hemorrhage exacerbated inflammation in endometriosis-like grafts, at least in part through the activation of prostaglandin (PG) E2 receptor and protease-activated receptor (PAR). In addition, menstruation-related factors, PGE2 and thrombin (P/T), a PAR1 agonist induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of endometrial cells under hypoxia. However, the molecular mechanisms by which P/T induce development of endometriosis have not been fully characterized. To investigate the effects of P/T, RNA extracted from endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) treated with P/T were subjected to RNA sequence analysis, and identified activin A, FOS, and GATA2 as upregulated genes. Activin A increased the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and mesenchymal marker genes in ESCs. CTGF induced the expression of fibrosis marker type I collagen, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), indicating fibroblast to myofibroblast transdifferentiation (FMT) of ESCs. In addition, activin A, FOS, GATA2, CTGF, and αSMA were localized in endometriosis lesions. Taken together, our data show that P/T induces changes resembling EMT and FMT in ectopic ESCs derived from retrograde menstruation, and that these are associated with fibrotic changes in the lesions. Pharmacological means that block P/T-induced activin A and CTGF signaling may be strategies to inhibit fibrosis in endometriotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Kusama
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yuta Fukushima
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kanoko Yoshida
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mana Azumi
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Yoshie
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yumi Mizuno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kajihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tamura
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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Spicer LJ, Schutz LF, Aad PY. Effects of bone morphogenetic protein 4, gremlin, and connective tissue growth factor on estradiol and progesterone production by bovine granulosa cells. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:6415266. [PMID: 34724558 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor-β family of proteins that have been implicated in the paracrine regulation of granulosa cell (GC) function, but whether responses to BMPs change with follicular size or interact with connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) or BMP antagonists (e.g., gremlin [GREM]) to directly affect GC function of cattle is unknown. Therefore, to determine the effects of BMP4 on proliferation and steroidogenesis of GCs and its interaction with GREM or CTGF, experiments were conducted using bovine GC cultures. In vitro, BMP4 (30 ng/mL) inhibited (P < 0.05) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plus insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)-induced progesterone and estradiol production by large- and small-follicle GCs, but the inhibitory effect of BMP4 on estradiol production was much more pronounced in large-follicle GCs. In small-follicle GCs, BMP4 had no effect (P > 0.10) on IGF1-induced proliferation, but GREM inhibited (P < 0.05) cell proliferation and estradiol and progesterone production in IGF1 plus FSH-treated GCs. In large-follicle GCs, BMP4 (10 to 30 ng/mL) increased (P < 0.05) GC numbers and GREM (100 ng/mL) blocked this effect. In large-follicle GCs, CTGF inhibited (P < 0.05) FSH plus IGF1-induced progesterone and estradiol production, and CTGF blocked the stimulatory effect of BMP4 on GC proliferation. These results indicate that BMP4, GREM, and CTGF inhibit GC aromatase activity and progesterone production. Also, the stimulatory effect of BMP4 on GC proliferation and the inhibitory effects of BMP4 on GC steroidogenesis are more pronounced in large vs. small follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon J Spicer
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Luis F Schutz
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Pauline Y Aad
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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Wu Z, Chen S, He Y, Zhang D, Zou S, Xie J, Zhou C. Connective tissue growth factor promotes cell-to-cell communication in human periodontal ligament stem cells via MAPK and PI3K pathway. J Periodontol 2021; 93:e60-e72. [PMID: 34532860 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-cell communication is an essential process to respond to biological stimuli and sustain the micro environmental homeostasis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a critical secreted matrix protein, exhibits significant tasks in regulating the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. This study aimed to explore the relationship between CTGF and cell communication and the underlying mechanism. METHODS qRT-PCR was used to detect CCN family, connexin, and pannexin family expression in hPDLSCs. Stimulation with CTGF, cell migration assay was performed to examine the wound repair. The scrape loading/dye transfer assay was employed to access lucifer Yellow molecules transfer efficiency mediated by cell-cell communication. Connexin43 (Cx43), Pannexin1 (Panx1), MAPK, and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway proteins were examined via Western blotting. Immunofluorescence was applied to visualize the localization of specific proteins within cells. Corresponding pathway inhibitors were applied to hPDLSCs to detect Cx43, Panx1 expression, and intercellular communication induced by CTGF. RESULTS Our result showed that CTGF was the second most expressed CCN family member in hPDLSCs. Cx43, and Panx1 were the most widely expressed gap junction hemichannels in hPDLSCs. CTGF enhanced hPDLSCs migration in a dose-dependent manner. CTGF promoted cell-cell communication by up-regulating Cx43 and Panx1. CTGF induced Akt, JNK, and p38 phosphorylation and subcellular relocation. Inhibiting corresponding pathways reduced Cx43 expression, thereby weakening CTGF-induced cell-cell communication. However, the Panx1 expression in CTGF-treated hPDLSCs mainly depended on PI3K/Akt signaling. CONCLUSION We provided novel evidence that CTGF promoted cell-cell communication in hPDLSCs through MAPK and PI3K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sirui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuying He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Wang W, Guo J, Wang D. Promotion of chemerin in rat diabetic kidney disease through enhancement of TGF-β1/Smads/CTGF pathway. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:10206-10217. [PMID: 34650691 PMCID: PMC8507004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although increasing evidence shows that the adipokine chemerin is involved in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), it is still unclear whether the chemerin acts as a critical element in renal function through the signaling pathways of transforming growth factor β1/Smads/connective tissue growth factor (TGF-β1/Smads/CTGF) in the context of DKD. Therefore, we sought to determine the role of chemerin and TGF-β1/Smads/CTGF signaling pathway in the development and/or progression of DKD. METHODS We used rat renal mesangial cells (RMCs) and a DKD rat model as study subjects. RMCs and rats were randomly separated into different groups and transfected with the constructed chemerin expression vector pcDNA™ 3.1 (+)-chemerin. Rat renal function and inflammatory cytokines were assessed after treatment with chemerin or CCX832 (ChemR23 antagonist). Real time polymerase chain reverse transcription (RT-QPCR) was used to detect the mRNA expressions of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad4, and CTGF. Western blot was performed to determine protein expression for semiquantitative analysis. RESULTS In in vitro studies, the mRNA and protein levels of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad4, and CTGF were significantly increased in the groups of high glucose and chemerin as compared to the normal control and normal glucose groups, most notably in the high glucose chemerin group (all P<0.05). In vivo studies revealed that the mRNA and protein levels of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad4, and CTGF were higher in the DKD group and the normal chemerin group than in the normal control group and the blocking receptor group, while appearing the highest in the DKD chemerin group (all P<0.05). Moreover, kidney/body weight ratio, urea, creatinine, and urine protein were increased, and the weight and endogenous creatinine clearance rate decreased in the DKD group and the normal chemerin group (all P<0.05). These changes were more pronounced in the DKD chemerin group. At the same time, blood glucose, triglycerides (TGs), and total cholesterol (TC) in the blocked receptor group was lower than those in the DKD group and the DKD chemerin group (all P<0.05). In contrast to those in the normal control group and blocked receptor group, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1 showed higher concentrations in the DKD group and the normal chemerin group. This result was more pronounced in the DKD chemerin group (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION Chemerin may play a role in DKD by enhancing the signaling pathways of TGF-β1/Smads/CTGF transduction either in vitro or in vivo. Moreover, high glucose accelerates kidney injury by activating fibrotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Emergency, Tianjin First Central HospitalTianjin, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Dongqiang Wang
- Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin First Central HospitalTianjin, China
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24
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Chen X, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Ji T, Dai H. Transplantation of decellularized and lyophilized amniotic membrane inhibits endometrial fibrosis by regulating connective tissue growth factor and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:968. [PMID: 34335910 PMCID: PMC8290472 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a disease characterized by endometrial fibrosis caused by injury to the endometrium. In the present study, decellularized and lyophilized human amniotic membrane (DL-AM) material was transplanted in a rat model to explore the preventive effect against IUA. A total of 24 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into an IUA (n=12) group and an IUA + DL-AM (n=12) group. To establish the model, the endometrium of the left uterus was scraped, while that of the right uterus was used as a control. In the IUA group, scraped uteri were sutured without any other treatment, whereas DL-AM was transplanted onto the scraped uteri in the IUA + DL-AM group. Uteri were resected for histological and immunohistochemical evaluation at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after surgery. The results confirmed the development of IUA, which was accompanied by an increase in the rate of fibrotic area. Integral optical density (IOD) values of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were elevated in the IUA group, while matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) decreased relative to the control group (P<0.05). After DL-AM transplantation, the IOD value of CTGF dropped, while MMP-2 increased compared with the IUA group (P<0.05). However, compared with that in the control group, the IOD value of CTGF was still higher, whereas MMP-2 was still lower in the IUA + DL-AM group (P<0.05). Furthermore, no evidence of endometrial regeneration was detected in both the IUA and IUA + DL-AM groups. Overall, these results indicated that in the rat model of IUA, transplantation of DL-AM had the potential to prevent the formation of fibrosis to a certain extent and may thus be an alternative strategy for managing the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, P.R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, P.R. China
| | - Tonghui Ji
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, P.R. China
| | - Huihua Dai
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, P.R. China
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25
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Zhao H, Duan L. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate regulates connective tissue growth factor expression in myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211015586. [PMID: 34082585 PMCID: PMC8182188 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211015586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate regulation of the cyclic adenosine
monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway on connective tissue
growth factor (CTGF) during myocardial fibrosis (MF) in mice
after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods An MI mouse model was established and cardiac function indices were
detected by ultrasound. Quantitative reverse transcription
polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to
determine CTGF and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)
cardiac expression. Mouse cardiac fibroblasts (MCFs) were used
to study the mechanism of MF after MI. Results Cardiac function indices were lower after MI. Cardiac function
indices were better in the MI + meglumine adenosine
cyclophosphate (MAC) group than in the MI group, and CTGF
expression in the MI + MAC group was downregulated. TGF-β1
expression was not different among the MI groups. Forskolin
increased intracellular cAMP levels and inhibited CTGF
expression in MCFs. Expression of p44/42 mitogen-activated
protein kinase (MAPK) was significantly lower in the
TGF-β1 + forskolin group than in the TGF-β1 group, while protein
kinase A was significantly upregulated. CTGF expression was
significantly lower in the TGF-β1 + forskolin + PD98509 group
than in the TGF-β1 + forskolin group. Conclusions This study shows that cAMP upregulates protein kinase A expression
through the p44/42MAPK signaling pathway and decreases
p44/42MAPK phosphorylation levels, inhibiting CTGF
expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Function, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Linan Duan
- The First Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
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26
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Ning B, Zhang F, Song X, Hao Q, Li Y, Li R, Dang Y. Cardiac contractility modulation attenuates structural and electrical remodeling in a chronic heart failure rabbit model. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520962910. [PMID: 33044118 PMCID: PMC7556184 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520962910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is non-excitatory electrical stimulation for improving cardiac function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of CCM on structural and electrical remodeling in a rabbit model of chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into the sham, CHF, and CCM groups. The CHF model was induced 12 weeks after trans-aortic constriction by pressure unloading and CCM was delivered to the myocardium for 4 weeks. Corrected QT intervals, the ventricular effective refractory period, and inducibility of ventricular tachycardia were measured by an electrophysiological examination. Connective tissue growth factor, galectin-3, Kv4.3, KCNQ1, KCNH2, and connexin 43 protein levels were measured by western blotting. Results The CHF group had a significantly prolonged corrected QT interval and ventricular effective refractory period, and increased inducibility of ventricular tachycardia. Prominent myocardial fibrosis and increased hydroxyproline content were observed in the CHF group, but these were suppressed in the CCM group. Kv4.3, KCNQ1, KCNH2, and connexin 43 protein levels were significantly lower in the CHF group, but treatment with CCM partially restored their levels. Conclusions CCM attenuates myocardial structural and electrical remodeling during CHF. These findings provide evidence for clinical use of CCM in treating CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ning
- Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelian Song
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxiao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Dang
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
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Li H, Kan B, Song L, Liu Y, Jian X. Role of the Hippo signaling pathway in safflower yellow pigment treatment of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520905425. [PMID: 32940100 PMCID: PMC7503030 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520905425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which safflower yellow (SY) mediates therapeutic effects in rats with paraquat intoxication-induced pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS Rats received combinations of paraquat, SY, and SB431542, a transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 receptor antagonist. Survival over 28 days was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Rat tissue and serum samples were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson's Trichrome staining, immunoblotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Survival rates were higher in SY and SB431542 groups (treatment and paraquat) than in the exposure group (paraquat alone). In the exposure group, serum TGF-β1 levels increased between days 3 and 14; mammalian STE20-like (MST) levels increased between days 3 and 7; TGF-β1 and Smad3 levels increased between days 3 and 14; and Yap and connective tissue growth factor levels increased between days 3 and 28. TGF-β1 levels were lower in SY and SB431542 groups than in the exposure group. Pathology scores were higher in exposure, SY, and SB431542 groups than in the control group throughout the experiment. CONCLUSIONS In rats with paraquat intoxication-induced pulmonary fibrosis, Hippo signaling could be activated by the MST-Yap pathway; SY and SB431542 could alleviate pulmonary fibrosis via Hippo signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Li
- Department of Emergency, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, China
| | - Baotian Kan
- Departments of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingli Song
- Department of Emergency, Municipal Hospital of Weihai, Weihai, China
| | - Yufa Liu
- Department of Emergency, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, China
| | - Xiangdong Jian
- Departments of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Wang Y, Chang T, Wu T, Ye W, Wang Y, Dou G, Du H, Hui Y, Guo C. Connective tissue growth factor promotes retinal pigment epithelium mesenchymal transition via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:389. [PMID: 33760200 PMCID: PMC8008218 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a disease leading to the formation of contractile preretinal membranes (PRMs) and is one of the leading causes of blindness. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) has been identified as a possible key determinant of progressive tissue fibrosis and excessive scarring. Therefore, the present study investigated the role and mechanism of action of CTGF in PVR. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of CTGF, fibronectin and collagen type III in PRMs from patients with PVR. The effects and mechanisms of recombinant human CTGF and its upstream regulator, TGF‑β1, on epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells were investigated using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blotting and a [3H]proline incorporation assay. The data indicated that CTGF, fibronectin and collagen type III were highly expressed in PRMs. In vitro, CTGF significantly decreased the expression of the epithelial markers ZO‑1 and E‑cadherin and increased that of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin, N‑cadherin and α‑smooth muscle actin in a concentration‑dependent manner. Furthermore, the expression of the ECM protein collagen type III was upregulated by CTGF. However, the trends in expression for the above‑mentioned markers were reversed after knocking down CTGF. The incorporation of [3H]proline into RPE cells was also increased by CTGF. In addition, 8‑Bromoadenosine cAMP inhibited CTGF‑stimulated collagen synthesis and transient transfection of RPE cells with a CTGF antisense oligonucleotide inhibited TGF‑β1‑induced collagen synthesis. The phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT in RPE cells was promoted by CTGF and TGF‑β1 and the latter promoted the expression of CTGF. The results of the present study indicated that CTGF may promote EMT and ECM synthesis in PVR via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and suggested that targeting CTGF signaling may have a therapeutic or preventative effect on PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Tianfang Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yusheng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Guorui Dou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yannian Hui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Changmei Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Li H, Zeng RL, Liao YF, Fu MF, Zhang H, Wang LF, Li YM. Association of Plasma Connective Tissue Growth Factor Levels with Hyperthyroid Heart Disease. Curr Med Sci 2021; 41:348-355. [PMID: 33877553 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2354-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hyperthyroid heart disease (HHD) is one of the most severe complications of overt hyperthyroidism and increases the risk of mortality in affected patients. Early identification of patients at a higher risk of developing HHD can improve clinical outcomes through active surveillance and management. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a secreted extracellular protein, plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. We aimed to investigate the association between plasma CTGF level and the risk of HHD in this study. A total of 142 overt hyperthyroid patients without HHD and 99 patients with HHD were included. The plasma CTGF levels were measured using ELISA kits. Routine clinical medical data and echocardiography parameters were recorded for analysis. The plasma CTGF level was significantly higher in patients with HHD than in those without HHD (P=0.002). The plasma CTGF level was positively correlated with free triiodothyronin, tryrotropin receptor antibody, troponin I and lactate dehydrogenase levels and the left atrium diameters, right atrium diameters, and right ventricular end-diastolic diameters (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that quartiles 3 and 4 of plasma CTGF levels were significantly associated with the increased risk of HHD (crude OR: 2.529; 95% CI: 1.188-5.387). However, after adjustment for the potentially confounding variables, quartile 4 alone was significantly associated with the higher risk of HHD relative to quartile 1. Hyperthyroid patients with HHD display higher plasma CTGF levels. Furthermore, CTGF is an independent risk factor for HHD. Therefore, the plasma CTGF level may be a potential biomarker for the risk of HHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ren-Li Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yun-Fei Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Meng-Fei Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lin-Fang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Yu-Ming Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Hirman AR, Du L, Cheng S, Zheng H, Duo L, Zhai Q, Xu J. MiR-133a-3p inhibits scar formation in scalded mice and suppresses the proliferation and migration of scar derived-fibroblasts by targeting connective tissue growth factor. Exp Anim 2021; 70:322-332. [PMID: 33658464 PMCID: PMC8390314 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.20-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive scar formation post burn injury can cause great pain to the patients. MiR-133a-3p has been demonstrated to be anti-fibrotic in some fibrosis-related
diseases. However, its possible role in scar formation has not been elucidated yet. In present study, the effect of miR-133a-3p on scar formation was
investigated in a scalded model of mice. Moreover, the function of miR-133a-3p on proliferation and migration of scar-derived fibroblasts (SFs) was studied
in vitro. It was found that miR-133a-3p was dramatically downregulated in scar tissue of scalded mice. Upregulation of miR-133a-3p by
miR-133a-3p agomir obviously inhibited the scar formation in scalded mice. Histological staining showed that upregulation of miR-133a-3p attenuated the
excessive deposition of collagen in scar tissue of scalded mice. In vitro study showed that upregulation of miR-133a-3p effectively suppressed
the proliferation and migration of SFs. Besides, upregulation of miR-133a-3p attenuated the protein levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I,
indicating that miR-133a-3p could suppress the activation of SFs. The expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a critical mediator in cell
proliferation, migration and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, was also downregulated by the upregulation of miR-133a-3p. Luciferase reporter assay
validated that CTGF was directly targeted by miR-133a-3p. In addition, overexpression of CTGF abolished the effect of miR-133a-3p on inhibiting the
proliferation, migration and activation of SFs, indicating that miR-133a-3p functioned by targeting CTGF. Therefore, miR-133a-3p might be a promising target for
treating pathological scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Razaq Hirman
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Lili Du
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122, P.R. China
| | - Shaohang Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Heng Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, No. 7, Nanqi West Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang 110024, P.R. China
| | - Linna Duo
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Qianyu Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
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Neinaa YMEH, Elsayed TA, Mohamed DA, Elfar NN. Botulinum toxin and platelet rich plasma as innovative therapeutic modalities for keloids. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e14900. [PMID: 33605002 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Keloids characterize a definitely challenging type of cutaneous scars for which a diversity of therapeutic modalities has been suggested. The aim of this work was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of intralesional injection of botulinum toxin type-A (BTX-A), platelet rich plasma (PRP), and triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) in keloids. A total of 60 keloids patients were enrolled and divided randomly into three equal groups. Group I treated by intralesional BTX-A injection, group II treated by intralesional PRP injection, and group III treated by intralesional TAC injection. Clinical assessment was done by Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), Verbal Rating Scale (VRS), and dermoscopic examination. Additionally, histopathology and immunohistochemistry of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression were evaluated. The results of this study revealed significant improvement of both VSS and VRS in response to all treatment modalities. There was significant improvement of VSS in BTX-A and PRP groups more than TAC group. However, no significant difference observed between BTX-A and PRP groups. Immunohistochemical examination showed significant decrease of CTGF expression after treatment in BTX-A and PRP groups more than TAC group. In conclusion, both BTX-A and PRP could yield a chance for cosmetically better outcomes in keloids treatment than conventional TAC injection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toka Ahmad Elsayed
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, El Menshawy General Hospital, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dareen Ali Mohamed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Naeem Elfar
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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32
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Yu X, Su Q, Geng J, Liu H, Liu Y, Liu J, Shi Y, Zou Y. Ginkgo biloba leaf extract prevents diabetic nephropathy through the suppression of tissue transglutaminase. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:333. [PMID: 33732306 PMCID: PMC7903480 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) against extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and to determine its underlying molecular mechanism. In vivo, a rat model of DN was established by intraperitoneal injection of STZ, and the rats were subsequently administered GBE. The results demonstrated that GBE significantly decreased blood glucose, the urine protein excretion rate and ECM accumulation in DN rats. In addition, the development of DN significantly induced tissue transglutaminase (tTG) protein expression, which was detected by immunohistochemistry, western blotting and PCR analyses, while GBE administration decreased tTG expression in the diabetic kidney. In vitro, rat glomerular mesangial cells (HBZY-1 cells) cultured with high glucose were also treated with GBE. The concentrations of tTG, fibronectin, type IV collagen, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were detected via ELISA. The results demonstrated that GBE notably decreased the concentration of these proteins, and tTG expression was positively associated with TGF-β. GBE also suppressed tTG expression of high glucose-treated HBZY-1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, tTG protein expression was detected in high glucose-treated HBZY-1 cells transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) oligonucleotides against TGF-β and CTGF to investigate a possible mechanism of GBE-mediated inhibition of tTG. The results demonstrated that the tTG levels remained unchanged in CTGF siRNA-transfected cells, but were decreased in the GBE + CTGF siRNA group compared with the control siRNA group, suggesting that tTG may not be regulated by CTGF, and the inhibitory effect of GBE on tTG may not be associated with the direct inhibition of CTGF. However, tTG expression was decreased following the transfection with TGF-β siRNA, in which levels of tTG were similar compared with both the GBE group and GBE + TGF-β siRNA group, indicating that tTG may be regulated by TGF-β, and that the GBE-induced repression of tTG expression may be associated with the downregulation of TGF-β. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that GBE prevented ECM accumulation by suppressing tTG expression in DN, which was predominantly mediated by TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yu
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jianan Geng
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yumeng Liu
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jinming Liu
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yinggang Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
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He H, Luo H, Liu L, Shangguan Y, Xie X, Wen Y, Wang H, Chen L. Prenatal caffeine exposure caused H-type blood vessel-related long bone dysplasia via miR375/CTGF signaling. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21370. [PMID: 33734471 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002230r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine has developmental toxicity. Prenatal caffeine exposure (PCE) caused intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and multiple organ dysplasia. This study intended to explore the effect and mechanism of PCE on long bone development in female fetal rats. In vivo, the PCE group pregnant rats were given different concentrations of caffeine during the gestational Day 9-20. The mRNA expression of osteogenesis-related genes were significantly reduced in PCE group. In the PCE group (120 mg/kg·d), the length and primary center of fetal femur were shorter, and accompanied by H-type blood vessel abundance reducing. Meanwhile, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression decreased in the growth plate of the PCE group (120 mg/kg·d). In contrast, the miR375 expression increased. In vitro, caffeine decreased CTGF and increased miR375 expression in fetal growth plate chondrocytes. After co-culture with caffeine-treated chondrocytes, the tube formation ability for the H-type endothelial cells was decreased. Furthermore, CTGF overexpression or miR375 inhibitor reversed caffeine-induced reduction of tube formation ability, and miR375 inhibitor reversed caffeine-induced CTGF expression inhibition. In summary, PCE decreased the expression of CTGF by miR375, ultimately resulting in H-type blood vessel-related long bone dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyuan He
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanwen Luo
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangfan Shangguan
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingkui Xie
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinxian Wen
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liaobin Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, China
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34
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Lee JH, Choi ST, Kang YJ. Kahweol, a Diterpenoid Molecule, Inhibits CTGF-Dependent Synthetic Phenotype Switching and Migration in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030640. [PMID: 33530626 PMCID: PMC7865488 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype switching from contractile to synthetic is essential for proliferation and migration in vascular pathophysiology. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a matricellular protein involved in cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Kahweol, a diterpene molecule in arabica coffee beans, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and apoptotic effects in many cells. However, in VSMCs, the effects of kahweol on CTGF activities have not been investigated. Thus, in this study, the effects and associated mechanisms of kahweol in CTGF-dependent phenotype switching and migration in VSMCs were examined. Experiments were performed on primary rat aortic smooth muscle cells and a rat VSMC line, A7r5. Western blot analysis was used to determine the protein levels. The mRNA levels of synthetic markers were measured by qRT-PCR. Migration of VSMCs was evaluated by wound healing and transwell assays. Kahweol reduced the angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced CTGF expression. Further, kahweol inhibited expressions of synthetic phenotype markers of VSMC. The kahweol-reduced synthetic marker protein levels were reversed by the administration of rCTGF. However, expressions of contractile phenotype markers of VSMC were not affected. Kahweol suppressed Ang II-stimulated VSMC migration. Moreover, kahweol downregulated Ang II-induced p-FAK, p-Erk, and Yes-associated protein (YAP) protein expressions. Taken together, in Ang II-stimulated VSMCs, kahweol inhibited CTGF-dependent synthetic phenotype switching and migration, with focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Erk, and YAP involved in the underlying mechanisms of the kahweol effects. These results suggest that kahweol has a potential as a therapeutic agent to inhibit CTGF, which is a molecular target in sclerogenic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu 42415, Korea;
| | - Seok Tae Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu 42415, Korea;
| | - Young Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu 42415, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-640-6972; Fax: +82-53-656-7995
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35
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Shen YW, Zhou YD, Chen HZ, Luan X, Zhang WD. Targeting CTGF in Cancer: An Emerging Therapeutic Opportunity. Trends Cancer 2021; 7:511-24. [PMID: 33358571 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the dramatic advances in cancer research over the decades, effective therapeutic strategies are still urgently needed. Increasing evidence indicates that connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a multifunctional signaling modulator, promotes cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis by regulating cell proliferation, migration, invasion, drug resistance, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CTGF is also involved in the tumor microenvironment in most of the nodes, including angiogenesis, inflammation, and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) activation. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the expression of CTGF and its regulation, oncogenic role, clinical relevance, targeting strategies, and therapeutic agents. Herein, we propose that CTGF is a promising cancer therapeutic target that could potentially improve the clinical outcomes of cancer patients.
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36
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Yan J, Wang WB, Fan YJ, Bao H, Li N, Yao QP, Huo YL, Jiang ZL, Qi YX, Han Y. Cyclic Stretch Induces Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells to Secrete Connective Tissue Growth Factor and Promote Endothelial Progenitor Cell Differentiation and Angiogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:606989. [PMID: 33363166 PMCID: PMC7755638 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.606989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a vital role in endothelial repair following vascular injury by maintaining the integrity of endothelium. As EPCs home to endothelial injury sites, they may communicate with exposed vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which are subjected to cyclic stretch generated by blood flow. In this study, the synergistic effect of cyclic stretch and communication with neighboring VSMCs on EPC function during vascular repair was investigated. In vivo study revealed that EPCs adhered to the injury site and were contacted to VSMCs in the Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat carotid artery injury model. In vitro, EPCs were cocultured with VSMCs, which were exposed to cyclic stretch at a magnitude of 5% (which mimics physiological stretch) and a constant frequency of 1.25 Hz for 12 h. The results indicated that stretched VSMCs modulated EPC differentiation into mature endothelial cells (ECs) and promoted angiogenesis. Meanwhile, cyclic stretch upregulated the mRNA expression and secretion level of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in VSMCs. Recombinant CTGF (r-CTGF) treatment promoted endothelial differentiation of EPCs and angiogenesis, and increased their protein levels of FZD8 and β-catenin. CTGF knockdown in VSMCs inhibited cyclic stretch-induced EPC differentiation into ECs and attenuated EPC tube formation via modulation of the FZD8/β-catenin signaling pathway. FZD8 knockdown repressed endothelial differentiation of EPCs and their angiogenic activity. Wnt signaling inhibitor decreased the endothelial differentiation and angiogenetic ability of EPCs cocultured with stretched VSMCs. Consistently, an in vivo Matrigel plug assay demonstrated that r-CTGF-treated EPCs exhibited enhanced angiogenesis; similarly, stretched VSMCs also induced cocultured EPC differentiation toward ECs. In a rat vascular injury model, r-CTGF improved EPC reendothelialization capacity. The present results indicate that cyclic stretch induces VSMC-derived CTGF secretion, which, in turn, activates FZD8 and β-catenin to promote both differentiation of cocultured EPCs into the EC lineage and angiogenesis, suggesting that CTGF acts as a key intercellular mediator and a potential therapeutic target for vascular repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Bin Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang-Jing Fan
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Bao
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Ping Yao
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Long Huo
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zong-Lai Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Xin Qi
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Han
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Ou SC, Bai KJ, Cheng WH, Chen JY, Lin CH, Wen HC, Chen BC. TGF-β Induced CTGF Expression in Human Lung Epithelial Cells through ERK, ADAM17, RSK1, and C/EBPβ Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239084. [PMID: 33260349 PMCID: PMC7731197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung epithelial cells play critical roles in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Methods: In the present study, we investigated whether transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was regulated by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17)/ribosomal S6 kinases 1 (RSK1)/CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) signaling pathway in human lung epithelial cells (A549). Results: Our results revealed that TGF-β-induced CTGF expression was weakened by ADAM17 small interfering RNA (ADAM17 siRNA), TNF-α processing inhibitor-0 (TAPI-0, an ADAM17 inhibitor), U0126 (an ERK inhibitor), RSK1 siRNA, and C/EBPβ siRNA. TGF-β-induced ERK phosphorylation as well as ADAM17 phosphorylation was attenuated by U0126. The TGF-β-induced increase in RSK1 phosphorylation was inhibited by TAPI-0 and U0126. TGF-β-induced C/EBPβ phosphorylation was weakened by U0126, ADAM17 siRNA, and RSK1 siRNA. In addition, TGF-β increased the recruitment of C/EBPβ to the CTGF promoter. Furthermore, TGF-β enhanced fibronectin (FN), an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker, and CTGF mRNA levels and reduced E-cadherin mRNA levels. Moreover, TGF-β-stimulated FN protein expression was reduced by ADAM17 siRNA and CTGF siRNA. Conclusion: The results suggested that TGF-β induces CTGF expression through the ERK/ADAM17/RSK1/C/EBPβ signaling pathway. Moreover, ADAM17 and CTGF participate in TGF-β-induced FN expression in human lung epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ching Ou
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (S.-C.O.); (K.-J.B.); (H.-C.W.)
| | - Kuan-Jen Bai
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (S.-C.O.); (K.-J.B.); (H.-C.W.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wun-Hao Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-H.C.); (J.-Y.C.); (C.-H.L.)
- Respiratory Therapy, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-H.C.); (J.-Y.C.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Chien-Huang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-H.C.); (J.-Y.C.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Heng-Ching Wen
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (S.-C.O.); (K.-J.B.); (H.-C.W.)
| | - Bing-Chang Chen
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (S.-C.O.); (K.-J.B.); (H.-C.W.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (W.-H.C.); (J.-Y.C.); (C.-H.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-27361661; Fax: +886-2-27391143
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38
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Chen Q, Jiang N, Zhang Y, Ye S, Liang X, Wang X, Lin X, Zong R, Chen H, Liu Z. Fenofibrate Inhibits Subretinal Fibrosis Through Suppressing TGF-β-Smad2/3 signaling and Wnt signaling in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:580884. [PMID: 33442383 PMCID: PMC7797782 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.580884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Subretinal fibrosis is a common pathological change that causes vision loss in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Treatment modalities for subretinal fibrosis are limited. In the present study, the effects of fenofibrate, a specific peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist, on subretinal fibrosis of nAMD were tested, and its molecular mechanisms of action were delineated. Collagen deposition and protein expression of fibrotic markers, such as vimentin, collagen-1, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and fibronectin, were increased in very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) knockout mouse, indicating Vldlr -/- mice can be used as a model for subretinal fibrosis. Fenofibrate suppressed subretinal fibrosis of Vldlr -/- mice by reducing collagen deposition and protein expression of fibrotic markers. Two fibrotic pathways, TGF-β-Smad2/3 signaling and Wnt signaling, were significantly up-regulated, while inhibited by fenofibrate in Vldlr -/- retinas. Moreover, fenofibrate significantly reduced the downstream connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression of these two pathways. Müller cells were a major source of CTGF in Vldlr -/- retinas. Fenofibrate was capable of suppressing Müller cell activation and thus reducing the release of CTGF in Vldlr -/- retinas. In cultured Müller cells, fenofibrate reversed TGF-β2-induced up-regulation of Wnt signaling and CTGF expression. These findings suggested that fenofibrate inhibits subretinal fibrosis by suppressing TGF-β-Smad2/3 signaling and Wnt signaling and reducing CTGF expression, and thus, fenofibrate could be a potential treatment for nAMD with subretinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Sihao Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xu Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rongrong Zong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Haoyu Chen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
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39
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Li H, Yang T, Fei Z. miR‑26a‑5p alleviates lipopolysaccharide‑induced acute lung injury by targeting the connective tissue growth factor. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:5. [PMID: 33179083 PMCID: PMC7673325 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the regulatory functions of microRNA (miR)‑26a‑5p on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced acute lung injury (ALI) and its molecular mechanisms. The role of miR‑26a‑5p on an ALI mouse model was evaluated by examining the histological changes, wet/dry (W/D) ratio, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) expression levels in lung tissues and the survival of ALI mice. Moreover, the protein concentration and the number of neutrophils and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analyzed. To explore the effect of miR‑26a‑5p on inflammatory responses and apoptosis, the expression levels of tumour necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α), interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑6 and apoptosis were measured by ELISA, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‑mediated dUTP nick end labelling staining and flow cytometry in BALF, A549 cells and lung tissues. B‑cell lymphoma‑2 (Bcl‑2), Bax and cleaved caspase‑3 in lung tissues were measured by western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was predicted as a direct target of miR‑26a‑5p using dual luciferase reporter assay. The present study sought to determine whether CTGF overexpression reversed the effect of miR‑26a‑5p on apoptosis and inflammatory responses in LPS‑induced A549 cells. The data revealed that miR‑26a‑5p overexpression ameliorated LPS‑induced ALI, which was implicated by fewer histopathological changes, W/D ratio, apoptosis in lung tissues and the survival of ALI mice. Moreover, miR‑26a‑5p overexpression alleviated LPS‑induced inflammatory responses in ALI mice via the reduction of total protein, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts and the expression levels of TNF‑α, IL‑1β, IL‑6, MDA and MPO activity in BALF. Similarly, miR‑26a‑5p overexpression decreased apoptosis and the expression of TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6 in LPS‑induced A549 cells. CTGF was a direct target of miR‑26a‑5p. CTGF overexpression reversed the effect of miR‑26a‑5p on cell apoptosis and inflammatory responses in LPS‑induced A549 cells. The present study demonstrated that miR‑26a‑5p could attenuate lung inflammation and apoptosis in LPS‑induced ALI by targeting CTGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- Department of Child Healthcare, Zibo Women & Children Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Child Healthcare, Zibo Women & Children Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxia Fei
- General Internal Medicine, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
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Li C, Han T, Li R, Fu L, Yue L. miR-26a-5p mediates TLR signaling pathway by targeting CTGF in LPS-induced alveolar macrophage. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20192598. [PMID: 32420583 PMCID: PMC7273919 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the regulation mechanism of miR-26a-5p and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced alveolar macrophages, which is a severe pneumonia cell model. MH-S cells were grouped into Normal group, Model group, negative control (NC) group, miR-26a-5p mimic group, oe-CTGF group, miR-26a-5p mimic + oe-CTGF group. The expression level of miR-26a-5p, CTGF and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling related molecules (TLR2, TLR4 and nuclear factor-κB p65) were detected by qRT-PCR and WB, respectively. The cell viability and apoptosis rate were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and flow cytometry, respectively. Compared with the Normal group, the expression level of miR-26a-5p was significantly decreased, while CTGF protein level was significantly increased in the Model group. Compared with the Model group, MH-S cells with miR-26a-5p overexpression showed enhanced cell viability, decreased apoptosis rate, declined expression level of TLR signaling related molecules and reduced level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) 6 (IL-6) and IL-1β, while those with CTGF overexpression had an opposite phenotype. In conclusion, miR-26a-5p can inhibit the expression of CTGF and mediate TLR signaling pathway to inhibit the cell apoptosis and reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in alveolar macrophages which is a cell model of severe pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Li
- Department of Emergency, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, He’nan Province, China
| | - Tingfeng Han
- Department of Gynecology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, He’nan Province, China
| | - Run Li
- Department of Emergency, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, He’nan Province, China
| | - Liming Fu
- Department of Emergency, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, He’nan Province, China
| | - Lei Yue
- Department of Emergency, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, He’nan Province, China
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Ohkawara B, Kobayakawa A, Kanbara S, Hattori T, Kubota S, Ito M, Masuda A, Takigawa M, Lyons KM, Ishiguro N, Ohno K. CTGF/CCN2 facilitates LRP4-mediated formation of the embryonic neuromuscular junction. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48462. [PMID: 32558157 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
At the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), lipoprotein-related receptor 4 (LRP4) mediates agrin-induced MuSK phosphorylation that leads to clustering of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) in the postsynaptic region of the skeletal muscle. Additionally, the ectodomain of LRP4 is necessary for differentiation of the presynaptic nerve terminal. However, the molecules regulating LRP4 have not been fully elucidated yet. Here, we show that the CT domain of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) directly binds to the third beta-propeller domain of LRP4. CTGF/CCN2 enhances the binding of LRP4 to MuSK and facilitates the localization of LRP4 on the plasma membrane. CTGF/CCN2 enhances agrin-induced MuSK phosphorylation and AChR clustering in cultured myotubes. Ctgf-deficient mouse embryos (Ctgf-/- ) have small AChR clusters and abnormal dispersion of synaptic vesicles along the motor axon. Ultrastructurally, the presynaptic nerve terminals have reduced numbers of active zones and mitochondria. Functionally, Ctgf-/- embryos exhibit impaired NMJ signal transmission. These results indicate that CTGF/CCN2 interacts with LRP4 to facilitate clustering of AChRs at the motor endplate and the maturation of the nerve terminal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisei Ohkawara
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akinori Kobayakawa
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kanbara
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takako Hattori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kubota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mikako Ito
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Masuda
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaharu Takigawa
- Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Karen M Lyons
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Naoki Ishiguro
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Chiang MH, Lee KT, Chen CH, Chen KK, Wang YH. Photobiomodulation therapy inhibits oral submucous fibrosis in mice. Oral Dis 2020; 26:1474-1482. [PMID: 32391600 PMCID: PMC7540580 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic inflammatory disease and a potentially malignant oral disorder. However, the best therapeutic treatment for OSMF remains uncertain. Our previous study showed that photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy and forskolin could reduce arecoline‐induced fibrosis reactions via the cAMP pathway. The present study aimed to establish an animal model of areca nut extract (ANE)‐induced OSMF and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of PBM and forskolin for ANE‐induced OSMF. Subjects and methods The mice were divided into five groups. The buccal tissues were harvested for histomorphological analysis and immunoblotting. Results Our results showed that PBM significantly reduced the development of ANE‐induced OSMF, quantified by changes in submucosal layer thickness and collagen deposition. Additionally, PBM could extensively reduce the protein expression of the fibrotic marker genes alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in buccal submucous lesions. However, forskolin treatment significantly decreased the protein expression of fibrotic marker genes but slightly decreased the observed histomorphological changes. Conclusions We established an ANE‐induced OSMF mouse model, which also provided a model for the development of a therapeutic treatment for OSMF. The anti‐fibrotic effects of PBM and forskolin may be useful for clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hsuan Chiang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tsung Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Chen
- College of Medicine, Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ker-Kong Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Hsiung Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Ling J, Tan K, Lu L, Yang F, Luan L. lncRNA MIAT increases cell viability, migration, EMT and ECM production in age-related cataracts by regulating the miR-181a/CTGF/ERK signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:1053-1063. [PMID: 32742346 PMCID: PMC7388250 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related cataract (ARC) is a common cause of blindness in elderly individuals. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) myocardial infarction associated transcript (MIAT) has been reported to participate in various biological processes in a number of diseases; however, the biological mechanism underlying MIAT during ARC is not completely understood. The expression levels of MIAT, microRNA (miR)-181a and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The protein expression levels of CTGF, α-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin, collagen type I, ERK, phosphorylated (p)-ERK, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK), and p-MEK were detected by western blotting. Cell viability and migration were assessed using MTT and Transwell assays, respectively. Moreover, a dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to investigate the interaction between miR-181a and MIAT or CTGF. MIAT and CTGF were upregulated, while miR-181a was significantly downregulated in ARC tissues compared with normal tissues. MIAT or CTGF knockdown decreased cell viability, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix production in TGF-β2-treated SRA01/04 cells. It was hypothesized that miR-181a may be sponged by MIAT and may target CTGF. Furthermore, the miR-181a inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of MIAT knockdown on the progression of TGF-β2-treated SRA01/04 cells. Moreover, CTGF knockdown also reversed MIAT overexpression-mediated progression of TGF-β2-treated SRA01/04 cells. In addition, MIAT and CTGF regulated the activity of the ERK signaling pathway. The results suggested that MIAT may regulate the progression of ARC via the miR-181a/CTGF/ERK signaling pathway, which may serve as a novel therapeutic target for ARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Ke Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Lan Luan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
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Abstract
Postpartum (or puerperal) psychosis (PP) is a severe psychiatric condition associated with hallucinations, delusions, cognitive disorganization, and mood problems, which affects approximately 1-2 out of every 1,000 mothers shortly after childbirth. While the risk factors for, and co-morbidities of, PP are relatively well-defined, currently, the pathophysiology underlying the disorder is very poorly-specified. Here, I argue, on the basis of multiple lines of new evidence, that altered expression of the Cellular Communication Network (CCN) factor proteins (and of the heterodimerizing CCN2 and CCN3 proteins in particular), may be associated with, and possibly causal for, increased PP risk. Future preclinical and clinical studies should aim to test this hypothesis as empirical support for it would provide much-needed clues regarding the biological substrates of PP, and could point to predictive biomarkers for the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Davies
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Zhang SL, Fan FL, Wei F, Wang J, Zhang YS. [Effect of microRNA-133b on Myocardial Fibrosis]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 2019; 41:589-594. [PMID: 31699187 DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503x.10941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of microRNA-133b(miR-133b)on cardiac fibrosis and its mechanism.Methods Human cardiac fibroblasts(CFs)were harvested.The proliferation of CFs was detected by CCK8 during the overexpression and knock-down of miR-133b.The expressions of connective tissue growth factor(CTGF),α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),collagen Ⅰ,and collagen Ⅲ were detected with qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis after miR-133b overexpression or downexpression.Target genes of miR-133b were predicted by bioinformatics software.Dual-luciferase activity assay were used to verify a target gene of miR-133b.Results qRT-PCR showed that the expression level of miR-133b in the miR-133b mimic group was significantly higher than that in the negative control group(t=26.219,P=0.000).The expression level of miR-133b in the miR-133b inhibitor group was significantly lower than that in the negative control group(t=6.738,P=0.003).After 21,45,69,93,and 117 hours of transfection,the proliferation ability of CFs significantly decreased in the miR-133b mimic group but significantly increased in the miR-133b group(all P<0.05,compared with the negative control group).After overexpression of miR-133b,the mRNA and protein levels of CTGF(t=9.213,P=0.001;t=8.195,P=0.001),α-SMA(t=6.511,P =0.003;t=4.434,P=0.011),collagenⅠ(t=3.172,P=0.034;t=4.053,P=0.015)and collagen Ⅲ(t=6.404,P=0.003;t=5.319,P=0.006)were significantly down-regulated.After the expression of miR-133b was knocked down,the mRNA and protein levels of CTGF(t=9.439,P=0.001;t=14.100,P=0.000),α-SMA(t=4.519,P=0.011;t=4.377,P=0.012),collagen Ⅰ(t=5.966,P=0.004;t=5.514,P=0.005)and collagen Ⅲ(t=4.622,P=0.010;t=4.996,P=0.008)were significantly increased.The relative luciferase activity of the cells co-transfected with miR-133b mimic and WT 3'UTR expression vector was significantly lower than that of the cells co-transfected with mimic control and WT 3'UTR expression vectors(t=5.654,P=0.005);however,there was no significant difference in relative luciferase activity between cells co-transfected with miR-133b mimic and MUT 3'UTR expression vectors and cells co-transfected with mimic control and MUT 3'UTR expression vectors(t=0.380,P=0.724).Conclusion miR-133b may affect the activation and proliferation of CFs by targeting CTGF and thus improve cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Lin Zhang
- Department of Structural Heart Disease,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiߣan Jiaotong University,Xiߣan 710061,China
| | - Fen Ling Fan
- Department of Structural Heart Disease,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiߣan Jiaotong University,Xiߣan 710061,China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Structural Heart Disease,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiߣan Jiaotong University,Xiߣan 710061,China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Structural Heart Disease,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiߣan Jiaotong University,Xiߣan 710061,China
| | - Yu Shun Zhang
- Department of Structural Heart Disease,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiߣan Jiaotong University,Xiߣan 710061,China
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Qiu Q, Cao J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Hao X, Mu Y, Lin Y. Time Course of the Effects of Buxin Yishen Decoction in Promoting Heart Function and Inhibiting the Progression of Renal Fibrosis in Myocardial Infarction Caused Type 2 Cardiorenal Syndrome Rats. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1267. [PMID: 31708787 PMCID: PMC6819435 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine-Buxin Yishen decoction (BXYS) on type 2 cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) caused by myocardial infarction and explore the possible mechanism BXYS works. A chronic heart failure (CHF) rat model induced by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation was used and five groups were created that included a sham group, a CHF model group, a fosinopril group, a BXYS (0.4 g/kg) group and a BXYS (0.8 g/kg) group. Heart function, renal hemodynamics, neuroendocrine factors, serum, and urine concentration of soluble form connective tissue growth factor (sCTGF), expression of CTGF mRNA, CTGF, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) in renal tissues were evaluated after 28 days and 60 days of drug administration. Histological analysis of kidney tissues was also performed. In vitro experiments were designed to verify the results of in vivo experiments by detecting factors including CTGF, α-SMA, in NRK-52E cells. Rats with CHF showed obvious pathophysiological changes including: altered renal hemodynamic parameters; dysregulated heart function; changes to serum concentrations of angiotensin II (AngII), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), C-reactive protein (CRP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP); high serum and urine sCTGF concentration; high CTGF mRNA, CTGF, α-SMA and LRP expression in renal tissues; increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and fibrosis in renal tissues. Treatment of BXYS was correlated with a restoration of heart function and improvement of renal hemodynamics, lower serum and urine sCTGF, lower CTGF mRNA, CTGF, α-SMA and LRP expression in renal tissues and lower ECM deposition. In addition, in vitro experiments showed that treatment with BXYS reduced the α-SMA and LRP concentration in NRK-52E cells, which were similar in vivo experiments. In conclusion, the current study provided evidences that BXYS played a role in improving heart function and delaying the progress of renal fibrosis. Meanwhile, the CTGF-LRP pathway might be one of the therapeutic targets for myocardial infarction caused type 2 CRS which showed a positive change after BXYS treatment and is worthy of further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinglin Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Lifescience School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yunnan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Wei
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hao
- Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Ding LB, Li Y, Liu GY, Li TH, Li F, Guan J, Wang HJ. Long non-coding RNA PVT1, a molecular sponge of miR-26b, is involved in the progression of hyperglycemia-induced collagen degradation in human chondrocytes by targeting CTGF/TGF- β signal ways. Innate Immun 2019; 26:204-214. [PMID: 31625803 PMCID: PMC7144035 DOI: 10.1177/1753425919881778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was conducted to investigate the role of long non-coding RNA
PVT1 in hyperglycemia-triggered human osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes.
Cartilage from knee OA patients with and without diabetes, as well as normal
cartilage, was obtained. Isolated human chondrocytes were treated with 30 nM of
Glc with or without pioglitazone. The expression levels of PVT1, miR-26b, and
type II collagen were determined by RT-PCR. Type II collagen was detected by
immunocytochemistry and chondrocytes were stained with Alcian blue. Moreover,
the interaction among PVT1, miR-26b, and CTGF was examined using bioinformatics,
FISH, RIP, RNA-pull down, and luciferase reporter assays. Over-expression of
PVT1 and miR-26b were performed and expressions of CTGF, TGF-β1, SMAD3, MMP-13,
and type II collagen proteins were examined. Significantly higher expression of
PVT1 was observed in diabetic OA. High Glc induced the elevated expression of
PVT1, CTGF, TGF-β1, IL-6, and MMP-13, as well as decreased expression of type II
collagen and miR-26b. These alterations could be reversed by pioglitazone. PVT1
acted as a sponge for miR-26b to facilitate CTGF expression. Over-expression of
PVT1 increased the expressions of CTGF, TGF-β1, SMAD3, and MMP-13 and decreased
expression of type II collagen. Our findings confirmed that PVT1 is involved in
the hyperglycemia-induced collagen degradation, via the
miR-26b-CTGF-TGF-β1-axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo-Bin Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, HeBei Province, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, HeBei Province, China
| | - Guang-Yuan Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, HeBei Province, China
| | - Tai-Hang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, HeBei Province, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, HeBei Province, China
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, HeBei Province, China
| | - Hua-Jun Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, GuangDong Province, China
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Gültekin ND, Benzer M, Tekin-Neijmann Ş. Is there any relation between connective tissue growth factor and scar tissue in vesicoureteral reflux? Turk J Pediatr 2019; 61:71-78. [PMID: 31559724 DOI: 10.24953/turkjped.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Gültekin ND, Benzer M, Tekin-Neijmann Ş. Is there any relation between connective tissue growth factor and scar tissue in vesicoureteral reflux. Turk J Pediatr 2019; 61: 71-78. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the most common uropathy in childhood which leads to increased frequency of urinary tract infection (UTI) and renal scarring. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays an important role in the development of glomerular and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in progressive kidney diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between urinary CTGF and renal damage resulted from VUR. This cross sectional study included 70 patients with VUR and 62 healthy sex and age matched children. Urinary creatinine and CTGF (uCTGF) concentrations were analysed in all cases and CTGF to creatinine ratio were calculated. The records of radiologic evaluations of the patients including ultrasound, voiding cystouretrography and 99m-technetium dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy were obtained retrospectively. The patient group was further divided into two groups according to the existence of renal cortical scarring in the DMSA scan. The study consisted of three groups; Group 1 (control group) 62 children, Group 2 (VUR positive, scar negative) 24 patient, Group 3 (VUR positive, scar positive) 46 patient (VUR+scar). The medians of uCTGF and uCTGF to creatinine ratio of the three groups were significantly different (p < 0.001). Pairwise group comparisons revealed that Group 1 had significantly lower uCTGF level and uCTGF/creatinine ratio, as compared to Groups 2 and 3 (p < 0.001 and p=0.002, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between Groups 2 and 3 (p=0.052). uCTGF is significantly increased in children with VUR, independent on the presence of renal scarring. Increased uCTGF, even in the absence of the renal scarring, could be interpreted as development and a progression of glomerular and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in vesicoureteral reflux. Further experimental and clinical investigations are required to fully elucidate the mechanism of CTGF in vesicoureteral reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazlı Dilay Gültekin
- Department of Pediatrics, Bakırköy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Meryem Benzer
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Bakırköy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Şebnem Tekin-Neijmann
- Division of Biochemistry, Bakırköy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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Yao Y, Wang Y, Li L, Xiang X, Li J, Chen J, Liu Z, Huang S, Xiong J, Deng J. Down-regulation of interferon regulatory factor 2 binding protein 2 suppresses gastric cancer progression by negatively regulating connective tissue growth factor. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:8076-8089. [PMID: 31559693 PMCID: PMC6851004 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 2 binding protein 2 (IRF2BP2) is a transcriptional repressor involved in regulating gene expression and other biological processes, including tumorigenesis. However, the clinical significance and roles of IRF2BP2 in human gastric cancer (GC) remain uncertain. Clinical GC tissues were obtained from GC patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to detect the IRF2BP2 protein in clinical paraffin specimens. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated by MTT, colony formation assays and transwell assays. Co-immunoprecipitation was conducted to detect the interaction between TEA domain family members 4 (TEAD4) and vestigial-like family member 4 (VGLL4) or Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1). Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the binding of miR-101-3p to the 3'-UTR. The expression of IRF2BP2 was significantly higher in GC tissues than in normal tissues. Patients with higher IRF2BP2 protein expression had lower survival. IRF2BP2 knockdown inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in GC cells. IRF2BP2 knockdown decreased the mRNA and protein levels of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). The interaction between IRF2BP2 and VGLL4 increased the binding of TEAD4 to YAP1, resulting in the transcriptional coactivation of CTGF. In addition, miR-101-3p suppressed the expression of CTGF by directly targeting the 3'-UTR of IRF2BP2. Taken together, these findings provide a model for the role of miR-101-3p-IRF2BP2-CTGF signalling axis in GC and a novel insight into the mechanism of GC progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Yao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Radiotherapy&Chemotherapy Department, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Junhe Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shanshan Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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Zerdoum AB, Fowler EW, Jia X. Induction of Fibrogenic Phenotype in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Connective Tissue Growth Factor in a Hydrogel Model of Soft Connective Tissue. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4531-4541. [PMID: 33178886 PMCID: PMC7654958 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Scar formation is the typical endpoint of wound healing in adult mammalian tissues. An overactive or prolonged fibrogenic response following injury leads to excessive deposition of fibrotic proteins that promote tissue contraction and scar formation. Although well-defined in the dermal tissue, the progression of fibrosis is less explored in other connective tissues, such as the vocal fold. To establish a physiologically relevant 3D model of loose connective tissue fibrosis, we have developed a synthetic extracellular matrix using hyaluronic acid (HA) and peptidic building blocks carrying complementary functional groups. The resultant network was cell adhesive and protease degradable, exhibiting viscoelastic properties similar to the human vocal fold. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were encapsulated in the HA matrix as single cells or multicellular aggregates and cultured in pro-fibrotic media containing connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) for up to 21 days. hMSCs treated with CTGF-supplemented media exhibited an increased expression of fibrogenic markers and ECM proteins associated with scarring. Incorporation of α-smooth muscle actin into F-actin stress fibers was also observed. Furthermore, CTGF treatment increased the migratory capacity of hMSCs as compared to the CTGF-free control groups, indicative of the development of a myofibroblast phenotype. Addition of an inhibitor of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway attenuated cellular expression of fibrotic markers and related ECM proteins. Overall, this study demonstrates that CTGF promotes the development of a fibrogenic phenotype in hMSCs encapsulated within an HA matrix and that the MAPK pathway is a potential target for future therapeutic endeavors towards limiting scar formation in loose connective tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan B. Zerdoum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Eric W. Fowler
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Xinqiao Jia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
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