1
|
Xu Y, Wang B, Zhang M, Zhang J, Li Y, Jia P, Zhang H, Duan L, Li Y, Li Y, Qu X, Wang S, Liu D, Zhou W, Zhao H, Zhang H, Chen L, An X, Lu S, Zhang S. Carbon Dots as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Cancer-Related Anemia. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2200905. [PMID: 35294781 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the adverse effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on cancer patient survival, it is necessary to develop new agents that can be used to efficiently manage and treat cancer-related anemia. In this study, novel distinctive carbon dots, J-CDs, derived from jujube are designed, synthesized, and characterized. Based on the obtained results, this material comprises sp2 and sp3 carbon atoms, as well as oxygen/nitrogen-based groups, and it specifically promotes the proliferation of erythroid cells by stimulating the self-renewal of erythroid progenitor cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, J-CDs have no discernible effects on tumor proliferation and metastasis, unlike EPO. Transcriptome profiling suggests that J-CDs upregulate the molecules involved in hypoxia response, and they also significantly increase the phosphorylation levels of STAT5, the major transducer of signals for erythroid progenitor cell proliferation. Overall, this study demonstrates that J-CDs effectively promote erythrocyte production without affecting tumor proliferation and metastasis; thus, they may be promising agents for the treatment of cancer-related anemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlin Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45001, China
| | - Boyang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingxin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yudong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Peijun Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Lulu Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yating Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoli Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shihui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Donghao Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wenping Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45001, China
| | - Huizhi Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hengchao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lixiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiuli An
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Siyu Lu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hao S, Matsui Y, Lai ZC, Paulson RF. Yap1 promotes proliferation of transiently amplifying stress erythroid progenitors during erythroid regeneration. Exp Hematol 2019; 80:42-54.e4. [PMID: 31756359 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to steady-state erythropoiesis, which generates new erythrocytes at a constant rate, stress erythropoiesis rapidly produces a large bolus of new erythrocytes in response to anemic stress. In this study, we illustrate that Yes-associated protein (Yap1) promotes the rapid expansion of a transit-amplifying population of stress erythroid progenitors in vivo and in vitro. Yap1-mutated erythroid progenitors failed to proliferate in the spleen after transplantation into lethally irradiated recipient mice. Additionally, loss of Yap1 impaired the growth of actively proliferating erythroid progenitors in vitro. This role in proliferation is supported by gene expression profiles showing that transiently amplifying stress erythroid progenitors express high levels of genes associated with Yap1 activity and genes induced by Yap1. Furthermore, Yap1 promotes the proliferation of stress erythroid progenitors in part by regulating the expression of key glutamine-metabolizing enzymes. Thus, Yap1 acts as an erythroid regulator that coordinates the metabolic status with the proliferation of erythroid progenitors to promote stress erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Hao
- Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Biosciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA; Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease at Penn State University, University Park, PA
| | - Yurika Matsui
- Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Biosciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA
| | - Zhi-Chun Lai
- Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Biosciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA; Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, PA; Department of Biology, Penn State University, University Park, PA
| | - Robert F Paulson
- Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Biosciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA; Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease at Penn State University, University Park, PA; Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, PA; Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Scully EJ, Shabani E, Rangel GW, Grüring C, Kanjee U, Clark MA, Chaand M, Kurita R, Nakamura Y, Ferreira MU, Duraisingh MT. Generation of an immortalized erythroid progenitor cell line from peripheral blood: A model system for the functional analysis of Plasmodium spp. invasion. Am J Hematol 2019; 94:963-974. [PMID: 31148215 PMCID: PMC6984401 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Malaria pathogenesis is caused by the replication of Plasmodium parasites within the red blood cells (RBCs) of the vertebrate host. This selective pressure has favored the evolution of protective polymorphisms in erythrocyte proteins, a subset of which serve as cognate receptors for parasite invasion ligands. Recently, the generation of RBCs from immortalized hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) has offered a more tractable system for genetic manipulation and long-term in vitro culture, enabling elucidation of the functional determinants of host susceptibility in vitro. Here we report the generation of an immortalized erythroid progenitor cell line (EJ cells) from as few as 100 000 peripheral blood mononuclear cells. It offers a robust method for the creation of customized model systems from small volumes of peripheral blood. The EJ cell differentiation mirrored erythropoiesis of primary HSCs, yielding orthochromatic erythroblasts and enucleated RBCs after eight days (ejRBCs). The ejRBCs supported invasion by both P. vivax and P. falciparum. To demonstrate the genetic tractability of this system, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to disrupt the Duffy Antigen/Receptor for Chemokines (DARC) gene, which encodes the canonical receptor of P. vivax in humans. Invasion of P. vivax into this DARC-knockout cell line was strongly inhibited providing direct genetic evidence that P. vivax requires DARC for RBC invasion. Further, genetic complementation of DARC restored P. vivax invasion. Taken together, the peripheral blood immortalization method presented here offers the capacity to generate biologically representative model systems for studies of blood-stage malaria invasion from the peripheral blood of donors harboring unique genetic backgrounds, or rare polymorphisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik J. Scully
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Estela Shabani
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Gabriel W. Rangel
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Christof Grüring
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Usheer Kanjee
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Martha A. Clark
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Mudit Chaand
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Department of Research and Development, Central Blood Institute, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo 135-8521, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Center, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Marcelo U Ferreira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR 05508-900
| | - Manoj T. Duraisingh
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Erythropoiesis is a process during which multipotential hematopoietic stem cells proliferate, differentiate and eventually form mature erythrocytes. Interestingly, unlike most cell types, an important feature of erythropoiesis is that following each mitosis the daughter cells are morphologically and functionally different from the parent cell from which they are derived, demonstrating the need to study erythropoiesis in a stage-specific manner. This has been impossible until recently due to lack of methods for isolating erythroid cells at each distinct developmental stage. This review summarizes recent advances in the development of methods for isolating both murine and human erythroid cells and their applications. These methods provide powerful means for studying normal and impaired erythropoiesis associated with hematological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Xu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - XiuLi An
- College of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim TS, Hanak M, Trampont PC, Braciale TJ. Stress-associated erythropoiesis initiation is regulated by type 1 conventional dendritic cells. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:3965-80. [PMID: 26389678 DOI: 10.1172/jci81919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoiesis is an important response to certain types of stress, including hypoxia, hemorrhage, bone marrow suppression, and anemia, that result in inadequate tissue oxygenation. This stress-induced erythropoiesis is distinct from basal red blood cell generation; however, neither the cellular nor the molecular factors that regulate this process are fully understood. Here, we report that type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s), which are defined by expression of CD8α in the mouse and XCR1 and CLEC9 in humans, are critical for induction of erythropoiesis in response to stress. Specifically, using murine models, we determined that engagement of a stress sensor, CD24, on cDC1s upregulates expression of the Kit ligand stem cell factor on these cells. The increased expression of stem cell factor resulted in Kit-mediated proliferative expansion of early erythroid progenitors and, ultimately, transient reticulocytosis in the circulation. Moreover, this stress response was triggered in part by alarmin recognition and was blunted in CD24 sensor- and CD8α+ DC-deficient animals. The contribution of the cDC1 subset to the initiation of stress erythropoiesis was distinct from the well-recognized role of macrophages in supporting late erythroid maturation. Together, these findings offer insight into the mechanism of stress erythropoiesis and into disorders of erythrocyte generation associated with stress.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang C, Wu X, Shen F, Li Y, Zhang Y, Yu D. Shlnc-EC6 regulates murine erythroid enucleation by Rac1-PIP5K pathway. Dev Growth Differ 2015; 57:466-473. [PMID: 26098172 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) are longer than 200 nucleotide noncoding RNAs without apparent functional coding capacity that function as regulators of cell growth and development. In recent years, increasing evidence implicates the involvement of LncRNAs in erythropoiesis. shlnc-EC6 is a LncRNA associated with erythroid differentiation but the mechanism remains undefined. In this study, we found that knockdown of shlnc-EC6 in purified mouse fetal liver erythroid progenitor and hematopoietic stem cells (FLEPHSCs) significantly blocked erythroid enucleation. We also showed that Rac1 was negatively regulated by shlnc-EC6 at the posttranscriptional level via specific binding to sites within the 3'UTR of Rac1 mRNA. Moreover, we found that knockdown of shlnc-EC6 led to upregulation of Rac1, followed by the activation of the downstream protein PIP5K, and subsequently resulted in the inhibition of enucleation in cultured mouse fetal erythroblasts. Thus, our findings suggest that shlnc-EC6 acts as a novel modulator to regulate mouse erythropoiesis via Rac1/PIP5K signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenghai Wang
- Non-coding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Non-coding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Yangzhou University Affiliated Jingjiang Hospital, Jingjiang, 214500, China
| | - Feiyang Shen
- Non-coding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yaoyao Li
- Non-coding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- Non-coding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Department of Pathology, Yangzhou University School of Medicine, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Duonan Yu
- Non-coding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Department of Physiology, Yangzhou University School of Medicine, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ulirsch JC, Lacy JN, An X, Mohandas N, Mikkelsen TS, Sankaran VG. Altered chromatin occupancy of master regulators underlies evolutionary divergence in the transcriptional landscape of erythroid differentiation. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004890. [PMID: 25521328 PMCID: PMC4270484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoiesis is one of the best understood examples of cellular differentiation. Morphologically, erythroid differentiation proceeds in a nearly identical fashion between humans and mice, but recent evidence has shown that networks of gene expression governing this process are divergent between species. We undertook a systematic comparative analysis of six histone modifications and four transcriptional master regulators in primary proerythroblasts and erythroid cell lines to better understand the underlying basis of these transcriptional differences. Our analyses suggest that while chromatin structure across orthologous promoters is strongly conserved, subtle differences are associated with transcriptional divergence between species. Many transcription factor (TF) occupancy sites were poorly conserved across species (∼25% for GATA1, TAL1, and NFE2) but were more conserved between proerythroblasts and cell lines derived from the same species. We found that certain cis-regulatory modules co-occupied by GATA1, TAL1, and KLF1 are under strict evolutionary constraint and localize to genes necessary for erythroid cell identity. More generally, we show that conserved TF occupancy sites are indicative of active regulatory regions and strong gene expression that is sustained during maturation. Our results suggest that evolutionary turnover of TF binding sites associates with changes in the underlying chromatin structure, driving transcriptional divergence. We provide examples of how this framework can be applied to understand epigenomic variation in specific regulatory regions, such as the β-globin gene locus. Our findings have important implications for understanding epigenomic changes that mediate variation in cellular differentiation across species, while also providing a valuable resource for studies of hematopoiesis. The process whereby blood progenitor cells differentiate into red blood cells, known as erythropoiesis, is very similar between mice and humans. Yet, while studies of this process in mouse have substantially improved our knowledge of human erythropoiesis, recent work has shown a significant divergence in global gene expression across species, suggesting that extrapolation from mouse models to human is not always straightforward. In order to better understand these differences, we have performed a comparative epigenomic analysis of six histone modifications and four master transcription factors. By globally comparing chromatin structure across primary cells and model cell lines in both species, we discovered that while chromatin structure is well conserved at orthologous promoters, subtle changes are predictive of species-specific gene expression. Furthermore, we discovered that the genomic localizations of master transcription factors are poorly conserved, and species-specific losses or gains are associated with changes to the underlying chromatin structure and concomitant gene expression. By using our comparative epigenomics framework, we identified a putative human-specific cis-regulatory module that drives expression of human, but not mouse, GDF15, a gene implicated in iron homeostasis. Our results provide a resource to aid researchers in interpreting genetic and epigenetic differences between species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob C. Ulirsch
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jessica N. Lacy
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xiuli An
- New York Blood Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Narla Mohandas
- New York Blood Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Tarjei S. Mikkelsen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vijay G. Sankaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
McGraw KL, Basiorka AA, Johnson JO, Clark J, Caceres G, Padron E, Heaton R, Ozawa Y, Wei S, Sokol L, List AF. Lenalidomide induces lipid raft assembly to enhance erythropoietin receptor signaling in myelodysplastic syndrome progenitors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114249. [PMID: 25469886 PMCID: PMC4254997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemia remains the principal management challenge for patients with lower risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS). Despite appropriate cytokine production and cellular receptor display, erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) signaling is impaired. We reported that EpoR signaling is dependent upon receptor localization within lipid raft microdomains, and that disruption of raft integrity abolishes signaling capacity. Here, we show that MDS erythroid progenitors display markedly diminished raft assembly and smaller raft aggregates compared to normal controls (p = 0.005, raft number; p = 0.023, raft size). Because lenalidomide triggers raft coalescence in T-lymphocytes promoting immune synapse formation, we assessed effects of lenalidomide on raft assembly in MDS erythroid precursors and UT7 cells. Lenalidomide treatment rapidly induced lipid raft formation accompanied by EpoR recruitment into raft fractions together with STAT5, JAK2, and Lyn kinase. The JAK2 phosphatase, CD45, a key negative regulator of EpoR signaling, was displaced from raft fractions. Lenalidomide treatment prior to Epo stimulation enhanced both JAK2 and STAT5 phosphorylation in UT7 and primary MDS erythroid progenitors, accompanied by increased STAT5 DNA binding in UT7 cells, and increased erythroid colony forming capacity in both UT7 and primary cells. Raft induction was associated with F-actin polymerization, which was blocked by Rho kinase inhibition. These data indicate that deficient raft integrity impairs EpoR signaling, and provides a novel strategy to enhance EpoR signal fidelity in non-del(5q) MDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathy L. McGraw
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States of America
| | - Ashley A. Basiorka
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center-Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States of America
| | - Joseph O. Johnson
- Analytic Microscopy Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States of America
| | - Justine Clark
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States of America
| | - Gisela Caceres
- Morsani Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 10902 N. McKinley Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States of America
| | - Eric Padron
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States of America
| | - Ruth Heaton
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, United States of America
| | - Yukiyasu Ozawa
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-cho, Nakamura-ku, Aichi, 453-8511, Japan
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive Tampa, FL, 33612, United States of America
| | - Lubomir Sokol
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States of America
| | - Alan F. List
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Uteroferrin (UF) is a progesterone-induced acid phosphatase produced by uterine glandular epithelia in mammals during pregnancy and targeted to sites of hematopoiesis throughout pregnancy. The expression pattern of UF is coordinated with early fetal hematopoietic development in the yolk sac and then liver, spleen, and bone to prevent anemia in fetuses. Our previous studies suggested that UF exerts stimulatory impacts on hematopoietic progenitor cells. However, the precise role and thereby the mechanism of action of UF on hematopoiesis have not been investigated previously. Here, we report that UF is a potent regulator that can greatly enhance fetal erythropoiesis. Using primary fetal liver hematopoietic cells, we observed a synergistic stimulatory effect of UF with erythropoietin and other growth factors on both burst-forming unit-erythroid and colony-forming unit-erythroid formation. Further, we demonstrated that UF enhanced erythropoiesis at terminal stages using an in vitro culture system. Surveying genes that are crucial for erythrocyte formation at various stages revealed that UF, along with erythropoietin, up-regulated transcription factors required for terminal erythrocyte differentiation and genes required for synthesis of hemoglobin. Collectively, our results demonstrate that UF is a cytokine secreted by uterine glands in response to progesterone that promotes fetal erythropoiesis at various stages of pregnancy, including burst-forming unit-erythroid and colony-forming unit-erythroid progenitor cells and terminal stages of differentiation of hematopoietic cells in the erythroid lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ying
- Department of Animal Science (W.Y., F.W.B.), Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2471; and Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology (H.W., B.Z.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Masiello F, Tirelli V, Sanchez M, van den Akker E, Girelli G, Marconi M, Villa MA, Rebulla P, Hashmi G, Whitsett C, Migliaccio AR. Mononuclear cells from a rare blood donor, after freezing under good manufacturing practice conditions, generate red blood cells that recapitulate the rare blood phenotype. Transfusion 2014; 54:1059-70. [PMID: 24004289 PMCID: PMC3942379 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cultured red blood cells (cRBCs) from cord blood (CB) have been proposed as transfusion products. Whether buffy coats discarded from blood donations (adult blood [AB]) may be used to generate cRBCs for transfusion has not been investigated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Erythroid progenitor cell content and numbers and blood group antigen profiles of erythroblasts (ERYs) and cRBCs generated in human erythroid massive amplification (HEMA) culture by CB (n = 7) and AB (n = 33, three females, three males, one AB with rare blood antigens cryopreserved using CB protocols) were compared. RESULTS Variability was observed both in progenitor cell content (twofold) and number of ERYs generated (1 log) by CB and AB in HEMA. The average progenitor cell contents of the subset of AB and CB analyzed were similar. AB generated numbers of ERYs three times lower (p < 0.01) than CB in HEMA containing fetal bovine serum but similar to CB in HEMA containing human proteins. Female AB contained two times fewer (p < 0.05) erythroid progenitor cells but generated numbers of ERYs similar to those generated by male AB. Cryopreserved AB with a rare blood group phenotype and shipped to another laboratory generated great numbers of ERYs, 90% of which matured into cRBCs. Blood group antigen expression was consistent with the donor genotype for ERYs generated both by CB and AB but concordant with that of native RBCs only for cells derived from AB. CONCLUSION Buffy coats from regular donors, including a donor with rare phenotypes stored under conditions established for CB, are not inferior to CB for the generation of cRBCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Masiello
- Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Tirelli
- Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Sanchez
- Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Maurizio Marconi
- Centro Trasfusionale e di Immunoematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Villa
- Centro Trasfusionale e di Immunoematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Rebulla
- Centro Trasfusionale e di Immunoematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Carolyn Whitsett
- Kings County Hospital and Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ferents IV, Brodiak IV, Liuta MI, Kulachkovs'kyĭ OR, Sybirna NO. [Effects of decarboxylated L-arginine on morphofunctional characteristics of the erythron in experimental diabetes mellitus in rats]. Fiziol Zh (1994) 2014; 60:70-79. [PMID: 25335237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the results of a study of the impact of the agmatine treatment on erythrocyte resistance to acid hemolytic, reticulocyte count and reticulocyte production index, erythrocyte surface architectonics in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Our results indicate that treatment of diabetic rats with agmatine causes a suppression of erythropoiesis and increases the resistance of erythrocytes against HCl-induced hemolysis. It was shown a 10% increase in the number of young red blood cells and 35% reduction in the number of structurally transformed erythrocytes that are capable of restoring normal biconcave disc shape under physiological condition. Our data demonstrate an improvement of morphofunctional state of red blood cells in diabetes and reflect the positive effect of agmatine treatment on erythrone due to the glucose-lowering action.
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Heme is critical for a variety of cellular processes, but excess intracellular heme may result in oxidative stress and membrane injury. Feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor (FLVCR1), a member of the SLC49 family of four paralogous genes, is a cell surface heme exporter, essential for erythropoiesis and systemic iron homeostasis. Disruption of FLVCR1 function blocks development of erythroid progenitors, likely due to heme toxicity. Mutations of SLC49A1 encoding FLVCR1 are noted in patients with a rare neurodegenerative disorder: posterior column ataxia with retinitis pigmentosa. FLVCR2 is highly homologous to FLVCR1 and may function as a cellular heme importer. Mutations of SLC49A2 encoding FLVCR2 are observed in Fowler syndrome, a rare proliferative vascular disorder of the brain. The functions of the remaining members of the SLC49 family, MFSD7 and DIRC2 (encoded by the SLC49A3 and SLC49A4 genes), are unknown, although the latter is implicated in hereditary renal carcinomas. SLC48A1 (heme responsive gene-1, HRG-1), the sole member of the SLC48 family, is associated with the endosome and appears to transport heme from the endosome into the cytosol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anwar A Khan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ali H, Bayatti N, Lindsay S, Dashti AA, Al-Mulla F. Directed differentiation of umbilical cord blood stem cells into cortical GABAergic neurons. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2013; 73:250-9. [PMID: 23823986 DOI: 10.55782/ane-2013-1934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood contains a population of non-hematopoietic multipotent stem cells that are capable of neuronal differentiation in-vitro. These cells have shown great potential as a therapeutic tool for central nervous system diseases and disorders. However whether these cells are able to produce neurons with similar developmental and functional characteristics to indigenous neurons within the brain remains poorly investigated. In this study, we used purified umbilical cord blood non-hematopoietic stem cells to produced GABAergic neurons with similar developmental and functional characteristics to cortical GABAergic neurons. We analyzed the expression of transcription factors MASH1, DLX1 and DLX2 throughout the 24 days of a sequential neuronal induction protocol and found that their expression patterns resembled those reported in the developing human cortex. The derived neurons also expressed components of GABAergic neurotransmission including GABA regulatory enzymes, GABA receptor subunits and GABA transporters. Thus we have demonstrated that umbilical cord blood stem cells are capable of producing cortical-like GABAergic neurons in vitro. This highlights the potential of umbilical cord blood stem cells as a therapeutic tool for neural injuries and disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences (MLS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait Universiy, The State of Kuwait.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Krstic A, Kocic J, Ilic V, Mojsilovic S, Okic-Dordevic I, Trivanovic D, Santibanez JF, Jovcic G, Bugarski D. Effects of IL-17 on erythroid progenitors growth: involvement of MAPKs and GATA transcription factors. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2012; 26:641-652. [PMID: 23241114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-17 is Th17 cell cytokine implicated in regulation of hematopoiesis and inflammation. Besides promoting granulopoiesis, we have previously shown that IL-17 also affects erythropoiesis stimulating the development of early erythroid progenitors, BFU-E, but suppressing, at least partly via p38 MAPK, the growth of late stage erythroid progenitors, CFU-E. The aim of the present study was to investigate the involvement of other MAPKs, JNK and ERK1/2, as well as GATA transcription factors, in IL-17-mediated effects on murine bone marrow erythroid progenitors. Data obtained by use of specific MAPKs inhibitors indicated that MEK1/2-ERK1/2 MAPK signaling mediates IL-17-induced CFU-E inhibition, as well as that JNK and/or MEK1/2-ERK1/2 MAPKs activation underlies IL-17-induced stimulation of BFU-E growth. Furthermore, Western blot analyses demonstrated no effect on early hematopoiesis transcription factor, GATA-2, and enhanced expression level of erythroid-specific factor GATA-1 in murine bone marrow cells after IL-17 stimulation, which in light of previous reports that GATA-1 overexpression inhibits erythroid differentiation, could be related to IL-17-mediated inhibition of CFU-E growth. Although, no contribution for p38, JNK and ERK MAPKs in IL-17-induced GATA-1 expression was shown, data obtained using specific inhibitors pointed to the role of JNK and MEK1/2-ERK1/2 in GATA-1 downregulation. Overall, obtained data gave an insight into the mechanisms by which IL-17 exerts its effects on erythropoiesis, implying the involvement of JNK and ERK MAPKs, as well as GATA-1, in IL-17-regulated growth of erythroid progentors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Krstic
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jin HL, Kim JS, Kim YJ, Kim SJ, Broxmeyer HE, Kim KS. Dynamic expression of specific miRNAs during erythroid differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. Mol Cells 2012; 34:177-83. [PMID: 22767248 PMCID: PMC3887816 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-012-0090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional levels through mRNA degradation or translation inhibition. Little is known regarding miRNA participation in regulating hematopoietic, or more specifically erythroid differentiation. This study was aimed at identifying erythroid lineage-specific miRNAs expressed during in vitro erythropoiesis using human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human umbilical cord blood (CB) CD34+ cells. CD34+ hematopoietic cells were produced from hESCs in vitro and subsequently induced to differentiate into erythroid cells by culture in sequence on OP9 feeder cells and then with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) in the presence of cytokines. Expression profiles of erythroid lineage-specific miRNAs were analyzed by quantitative PCR during in vitro differentiation. Expression levels of miR-142-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-146a and miR-451 were dynamically changed during differentiation of hESCs to CD34+ hematopoietic cells, and in subsequent differentiation of the CD34+ cells into the erythroid lineage. This suggests that these four miRNAs might be involved in regulating erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lian Jin
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791,
Korea
| | - Jong Soo Kim
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791,
Korea
| | - Young June Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202,
USA
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791,
Korea
| | - Hal E. Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202,
USA
| | - Kye-Seong Kim
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Woo AJ, Kim J, Xu J, Huang H, Cantor AB. Role of ZBP-89 in human globin gene regulation and erythroid differentiation. Blood 2011; 118:3684-93. [PMID: 21828133 PMCID: PMC3186340 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-03-341446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying erythroid-specific gene regulation remain incompletely understood. Closely spaced binding sites for GATA, NF-E2/maf, and CACCC interacting transcription factors play functionally important roles in globin and other erythroid-specific gene expression. We and others recently identified the CACCC-binding transcription factor ZBP-89 as a novel GATA-1 and NF-E2/mafK interacting partner. Here, we examined the role of ZBP-89 in human globin gene regulation and erythroid maturation using a primary CD34(+) cell ex vivo differentiation system. We show that ZBP-89 protein levels rise dramatically during human erythroid differentiation and that ZBP-89 occupies key cis-regulatory elements within the globin and other erythroid gene loci. ZBP-89 binding correlates strongly with RNA Pol II occupancy, active histone marks, and high-level gene expression. ZBP-89 physically associates with the histone acetyltransferases p300 and Gcn5/Trrap, and occupies common sites with Gcn5 within the human globin loci. Lentiviral short hairpin RNAs knockdown of ZBP-89 results in reduced Gcn5 occupancy, decreased acetylated histone 3 levels, lower globin and erythroid-specific gene expression, and impaired erythroid maturation. Addition of the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid partially reverses the reduced globin gene expression. These findings reveal an activating role for ZBP-89 in human globin gene regulation and erythroid differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Woo
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
The cellular events that lead to terminal erythroid differentiation rely on the controlled interplay of extra- and intracellular regulatory factors. Their downstream effects are highly coordinated and result in the structural/morphologic and metabolic changes that uniquely characterize a maturing red blood cell. Erythroid Krüppel-like factor (EKLF/KLF1) is one of a very small number of intrinsic transcription factors that play a major role in regulating these events. This review covers 3 major aspects of erythropoiesis in which EKLF plays crucial functions: (1) at the megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor stage, where it is involved in erythroid lineage commitment; (2) during the global expansion of erythroid gene expression in primitive and definitive lineages, where it plays a direct role in globin switching; and (3) during the terminal maturation of red cells, where it helps control exit from the cell cycle. We conclude by describing recent studies of mammalian EKLF/KLF1 mutations that lead to altered red cell phenotypes and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslawa Siatecka
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen AY, Kleiboeker S, Qiu J. Productive parvovirus B19 infection of primary human erythroid progenitor cells at hypoxia is regulated by STAT5A and MEK signaling but not HIFα. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7:e1002088. [PMID: 21698228 PMCID: PMC3116823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) causes a variety of human diseases. Disease outcomes of bone marrow failure in patients with high turnover of red blood cells and immunocompromised conditions, and fetal hydrops in pregnant women are resulted from the targeting and destruction of specifically erythroid progenitors of the human bone marrow by B19V. Although the ex vivo expanded erythroid progenitor cells recently used for studies of B19V infection are highly permissive, they produce progeny viruses inefficiently. In the current study, we aimed to identify the mechanism that underlies productive B19V infection of erythroid progenitor cells cultured in a physiologically relevant environment. Here, we demonstrate an effective reverse genetic system of B19V, and that B19V infection of ex vivo expanded erythroid progenitor cells at 1% O(2) (hypoxia) produces progeny viruses continuously and efficiently at a level of approximately 10 times higher than that seen in the context of normoxia. With regard to mechanism, we show that hypoxia promotes replication of the B19V genome within the nucleus, and that this is independent of the canonical PHD/HIFα pathway, but dependent on STAT5A and MEK/ERK signaling. We further show that simultaneous upregulation of STAT5A signaling and down-regulation of MEK/ERK signaling boosts the level of B19V infection in erythroid progenitor cells under normoxia to that in cells under hypoxia. We conclude that B19V infection of ex vivo expanded erythroid progenitor cells at hypoxia closely mimics native infection of erythroid progenitors in human bone marrow, maintains erythroid progenitors at a stage conducive to efficient production of progeny viruses, and is regulated by the STAT5A and MEK/ERK pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Yun Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Steve Kleiboeker
- ViraCor-IBT Laboratories, Lee's Summit, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jianming Qiu
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wu QQ, Qian XH, Xu MJ. [Effect of low-dose hydroxyurea with sodium butyrate on globin gene expression in human erythroid progenitor cells]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2009; 29:2073-2081. [PMID: 19861270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of combined use of low-dose hydroxyurea (HU) and sodium butyrate (NaB) on the expression of 7 globin genes (zeta, alpha, epsilon, Ggamma, Agamma, delta, and beta) in human erythroid progenitor cells. METHODS Human erythroid progenitor cells were cultured using a two-step liquid culture system and treated with HU and NaB either alone or in combination. The inhibitory effects of the agents on the cell growth were monitored with trypan blue exclusion assay, and the changes in the mRNA of the 7 globin genes were detected using RT-PCR. RESULTS Low-dose HU combined with NaB resulted in significantly lower inhibition rate of the erythroid progenitor cells than routine dose HU and NaB used alone (28.56% and 38.80%, respectively, P<0.05). Compared with untreated cells (0.653-/+0.092 and 0.515-/+0.048), HU combined with NaB significantly increased the expression of Ggamma-and Agamma- mRNA (1.203-/+0.018 and 0.915-/+0.088, respectively, P<0.05), and HU and NaB used alone produced similar effects (1.305-/+0.016 and 0.956-/+0.029 for HU, and 1.193-/+0.070 and 0.883-/+0.012 for NaB, P>0.05). HU and NaB, either used alone or in combination or at different doses, caused no significant changes in the other globin genes (zeta, alpha, epsilon, delta and beta) (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Low-dose HU combined with NaB can up-regulate gamma globin gene expression, especially Ggamma-mRNA expression, to decrease the growth inhibition on human erythroid progenitor cells in vitro, but produces no significant effect on the expressions of zeta, alpha, epsilon, delta and beta genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian-qian Wu
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chickarmane V, Enver T, Peterson C. Computational modeling of the hematopoietic erythroid-myeloid switch reveals insights into cooperativity, priming, and irreversibility. PLoS Comput Biol 2009; 5:e1000268. [PMID: 19165316 PMCID: PMC2613533 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2008] [Accepted: 12/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell lineage choices are decided by genetic networks that are turned ON/OFF in a switch-like manner. However, prior to lineage commitment, genes are primed at low expression levels. Understanding the underlying molecular circuitry in terms of how it governs both a primed state and, at the other extreme, a committed state is of relevance not only to hematopoiesis but also to developmental systems in general. We develop a computational model for the hematopoietic erythroid-myeloid lineage decision, which is determined by a genetic switch involving the genes PU.1 and GATA-1. Dynamical models based upon known interactions between these master genes, such as mutual antagonism and autoregulation, fail to make the system bistable, a desired feature for robust lineage determination. We therefore suggest a new mechanism involving a cofactor that is regulated as well as recruited by one of the master genes to bind to the antagonistic partner that is necessary for bistability and hence switch-like behavior. An interesting fallout from this architecture is that suppression of the cofactor through external means can lead to a loss of cooperativity, and hence to a primed state for PU.1 and GATA-1. The PU.1–GATA-1 switch also interacts with another mutually antagonistic pair, –FOG-1. The latter pair inherits the state of its upstream master genes and further reinforces the decision due to several feedback loops, thereby leading to irreversible commitment. The genetic switch, which handles the erythroid-myeloid lineage decision, is an example of a network that implements both a primed and a committed state by regulating cooperativity through recruitment of cofactors. Perturbing the feedback between the master regulators and downstream targets suggests potential reprogramming strategies. The approach points to a framework for lineage commitment studies in general and could aid the search for lineage-determining genes. An important question in developmental biology is how different lineage choices are regulated at the genetic level. Robust lineage decisions are implemented by genetic switches, whereby one set of master genes are ON and another set are OFF, leading to a specific expression pattern of genes for a particular lineage. We develop a computational model to illustrate these principles as applied to the hematopoietic erythroid-myeloid lineage choice, where two master regulator genes, PU.1 and GATA-1, function as a genetic switch. The model, which is based upon known interactions, suggests missing interactions between the master genes, which we hypothesize, so as to reproduce the desired dynamics. Furthermore, there exist feedback interactions between the master genes and their downstream targets. When these are included in the model, the dynamics imply that the feedback is responsible for irreversible commitment. Our results suggest the search for missing interactions between the master genes in terms of a coregulated cofactor. The second important result of the model is that reprogramming irreversible cell fate may be possible by perturbing feedback regulation between the master genes and their downstream targets. Hence, dynamical modeling provides prediction of novel mechanisms and also strategies for reprogramming the fates of cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Chickarmane
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America
| | - Tariq Enver
- MRC Molecular Biology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Lund Strategic Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carsten Peterson
- Lund Strategic Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Computational Biology and Biological Physics, Department of Theoretical Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Niimi G, Imada H. Light and electron microscopic observation of presumptive erythropoietic foci in the medaka yolk sacs. Ital J Anat Embryol 2008; 113:153-158. [PMID: 19205587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The medaka, Oryzias latipes is a useful animal model for the study of primary vasculature in vertebrate embryos. Using benzidine stain for erythroid cells, we found presumptive erythropoietic foci in the yolk sac vitellolysis zone at stage 39. These foci were present in the yolk syncytial layer, in the extravascular and vitellolysis zone from 9 days post fertilization (dpf) to 11 dpf, and then declined between 12 to 13 dpf with yolk mass depletion. A table of previous reports on various species of fish showing yolk sac erythropoiesis is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gen Niimi
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jootar S, Chaisiripoomkere W, Pholvicha P, Leelasiri A, Prayoonwiwat W, Mongkonsvitragoon W, Srichaikul T. Suppression of erythroid progenitor cells during malarial infection in Thai adults caused by serum inhibitor. Clin Lab Haematol 2008; 15:87-92. [PMID: 8348780 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2257.1993.tb00131.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The bone marrows of 21 Thai adults infected with Plasmodium falciparum malaria were cultured for CFU-E and BFU-E by using AB serum, autologous serum (parasitaemia) and autologous serum (post-parasitaemia). Six patients had no complication and 15 patients had pulmonary, renal or haematologic complications. In the non-complicated cases, sera during parasitaemia did not suppress the post-parasitaemia CFU-E and BFU-E. Post parasitaemia, there was suppression of CFU-E by parasitaemia sera. In the complicated cases, the autologous sera during parasitaemia suppressed the growth of both CFU-E and BFU-E both during and after parasitaemia (P < 0.05). The post-parasitaemia sera had neither a suppressive nor a stimulating effect. In the complicated cases, the progenitor cells cultured from the bone marrow post-parasitaemia were fewer in number than those cultured from the bone marrow during parasitaemia using the same sera. Two possible mechanisms of suppression are postulated, namely the reduction of erythropoietin or the increased tumour necrosis factor during malarial infection. Further studies to clarify this are being carried out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Jootar
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Freise KJ, Widness JA, Schmidt RL, Veng-Pedersen P. Modeling time variant distributions of cellular lifespans: increases in circulating reticulocyte lifespans following double phlebotomies in sheep. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn 2008; 35:285-323. [PMID: 18553126 PMCID: PMC2753503 DOI: 10.1007/s10928-008-9089-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2007] [Accepted: 04/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Many pharmacodynamic (PD) models of cellular response assume a single and time invariant lifespan of all cells, despite the existence of a true underlying distribution of cellular lifespans and known changes in the lifespan distributions with time. To account for these features of cellular populations, a time variant cellular lifespan distribution PD model was formulated and theoretical aspects of modeling cellular populations presented. The model extends prior work assuming time variant "point distributions" of cellular lifespans (Freise et al. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn 34:519-547, 2007) and models assuming a time invariant lifespan distribution (Krzyzanski et al. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn 33:125-166, 2006). The formulated time variant lifespan distribution model was fitted to endogenous plasma erythropoietin (EPO), reticulocyte, and red blood cell (RBC) concentrations in sheep phlebotomized on two occasions, 8 days apart. The time variant circulating reticulocyte lifespan was modeled as a truncated and scaled Weibull distribution, with the location parameter of the distribution non-parametrically represented by an end constrained quadratic spline function. The formulated time variant lifespan distribution model was compared to the identical time invariant distribution, time variant "point distribution", and time invariant "point distribution" cellular lifespan models. Parameters of the time variant lifespan distribution model were well estimated with low standard errors. The mean circulating reticulocyte lifespan was estimated at 0.304 days, which rapidly increased over 3-fold following the first phlebotomy to a maximum of 1.03 days (P = 0.009). On average, the percentage of erythrocytes being released as reticulocytes maximally increased an estimated two-fold following the phlebotomies. The primary features of immature RBC physiology were captured by the model and gave results consistent with other estimates in sheep and humans. The comparison of the four lifespan models gave similar parameter estimates of the stimulation function and fits to the RBC data. However, the time invariant models fit the reticulocyte data poorly, while the time variant "point distribution" cellular lifespan model gave physiologically unrealistic estimates of the changes in the circulating reticulocyte lifespan under stress erythropoiesis. Thus the underlying physiology must be considered when selecting the most appropriate cellular lifespan model and not just the goodness-of-fit criteria. The proposed PD model and the numerical implementation allows for a flexible framework to incorporate time variant lifespan distributions when modeling populations of cells whose production or stimulation depends on endogenous growth factors and/or exogenous drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Freise
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, 115 S. Grand Ave., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - John A. Widness
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Robert L. Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Peter Veng-Pedersen
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, 115 S. Grand Ave., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ebert BL, Galili N, Tamayo P, Bosco J, Mak R, Pretz J, Tanguturi S, Ladd-Acosta C, Stone R, Golub TR, Raza A. An erythroid differentiation signature predicts response to lenalidomide in myelodysplastic syndrome. PLoS Med 2008; 5:e35. [PMID: 18271621 PMCID: PMC2235894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2007] [Accepted: 12/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lenalidomide is an effective new agent for the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), an acquired hematopoietic disorder characterized by ineffective blood cell production and a predisposition to the development of leukemia. Patients with an interstitial deletion of Chromosome 5q have a high rate of response to lenalidomide, but most MDS patients lack this deletion. Approximately 25% of patients without 5q deletions also benefit from lenalidomide therapy, but response in these patients cannot be predicted by any currently available diagnostic assays. The aim of this study was to develop a method to predict lenalidomide response in order to avoid unnecessary toxicity in patients unlikely to benefit from treatment. METHODS AND FINDINGS Using gene expression profiling, we identified a molecular signature that predicts lenalidomide response. The signature was defined in a set of 16 pretreatment bone marrow aspirates from MDS patients without 5q deletions, and validated in an independent set of 26 samples. The response signature consisted of a cohesive set of erythroid-specific genes with decreased expression in responders, suggesting that a defect in erythroid differentiation underlies lenalidomide response. Consistent with this observation, treatment with lenalidomide promoted erythroid differentiation of primary hematopoietic progenitor cells grown in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These studies indicate that lenalidomide-responsive patients have a defect in erythroid differentiation, and suggest a strategy for a clinical test to predict patients most likely to respond to the drug. The experiments further suggest that the efficacy of lenalidomide, whose mechanism of action in MDS is unknown, may be due to its ability to induce erythroid differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Ebert
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Naomi Galili
- St. Vincent's Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Pablo Tamayo
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jocelyn Bosco
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Raymond Mak
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Pretz
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shyam Tanguturi
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christine Ladd-Acosta
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richard Stone
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Todd R Golub
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Childrens's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Azra Raza
- St. Vincent's Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Iron is essential for the survival as well as the proliferation and maturation of developing erythroid precursors (EP) into hemoglobin-containing red blood cells. The transferrin-transferrin receptor pathway is the main route for erythroid iron uptake. Using a two-phase culture system, we have previously shown that placental ferritin as well as macrophages derived from peripheral blood monocytes could partially replace transferrin and support EP growth in a transferrin-free medium. We now demonstrate that in the absence of transferrin, ferritin synthesized and secreted by macrophages can serve as an iron source for EP. Macrophages trigger an increase in both the cytosolic and the mitochondrial labile iron pools, in heme and in hemoglobin synthesis, along with a decrease in surface transferrin receptors. Inhibiting macrophage exocytosis, binding extracellular ferritin with specific antibodies, inhibiting EP receptor-mediated endocytosis or acidification of EP lysosomes, all resulted in a decreased EP growth when co-cultured with macrophages under transferrin-free conditions. The results suggest that iron taken up by macrophages is incorporated mainly into their ferritin, which is subsequently secreted by exocytosis. Nearby EP are able to take up this ferritin probably through clathrin-dependent, receptor-mediated endocytosis into endosomes, which following acidification and proteolysis release the iron from the ferritin, making it available for regulatory and synthetic purposes. Thus, macrophages support EP development under transferrin-free conditions by delivering essential iron in the form of metabolizable ferritin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moshe J Leimberg
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Saito S, Nouno K, Shimizu R, Yamamoto M, Nagata K. Impairment of erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation by a leukemia-associated and t(9;9)-derived fusion gene product, SET/TAF-Ibeta-CAN/Nup214. J Cell Physiol 2007; 214:322-33. [PMID: 17620317 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SET-CAN associated with the t(9;9) in acute undifferentiated leukemia encodes almost the entire sequence of SET and the C-terminal two-third portion of CAN, including the FG repeat region. To clarify a role(s) of SET-CAN in leukemogenesis, we developed transgenic mice expressing SET-CAN under the control of the Gata1 gene hematopoietic regulatory domain that is active in distinct sets of hematopoietic cells. SET-CAN transgenic mice showed anemia, thrombocytopenia, and splenomegaly. A significant number of transgenic mice started dying after 6 months post-birth, being in good agreement with the fact that red blood cells and platelets decreased. We found that a significant number of c-kit+ myeloid cells appeared in peripheral blood in transgenic mice. Characterization of the bone marrow cells of transgenic mice indicated impairment in hematopoietic differentiation of erythroid, megakaryocytic, and B cell lineages by SET-CAN. Transgenic mice, in particular, exhibited a high population of the c-kit+Sca-1+Lin- fraction in bone marrow cells compared with that of the control littermates. Our results demonstrate that SET-CAN blocks the hematopoietic differentiation program--one of the characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Saito
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Fadini GP, Pucci L, Vanacore R, Baesso I, Penno G, Balbarini A, Di Stefano R, Miccoli R, de Kreutzenberg S, Coracina A, Tiengo A, Agostini C, Del Prato S, Avogaro A. Glucose tolerance is negatively associated with circulating progenitor cell levels. Diabetologia 2007; 50:2156-63. [PMID: 17579827 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-007-0732-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2007] [Accepted: 05/17/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Circulating progenitor cells participate in cardiovascular homeostasis. Depletion of the pool of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, EPCs are reduced in the presence of classical risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, including diabetes mellitus. This study was designed to evaluate progenitor cell levels in volunteers with different degrees of glucose tolerance. METHODS Cardiovascular parameters and the levels of circulating CD34(+) and CD34(+) kinase insert domain receptor (KDR)(+) cells were determined in 219 middle-aged individuals with no pre-diagnosed alterations in carbohydrate metabolism. Glucose tolerance was determined by fasting and 2 h post-challenge glucose levels, with IFG and IGT considered as pre-diabetic states. RESULTS CD34(+) and CD34(+)KDR(+) cells were significantly reduced in individuals who were found to have diabetes mellitus, and were negatively correlated with both fasting and post-challenge glucose in the whole population. While only CD34(+) cells, but not CD34(+)KDR(+) cells, were significantly reduced in pre-diabetic individuals, post-challenge glucose was an independent determinant of the levels of both CD34(+) and CD34(+)KDR(+) cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Glucose tolerance was negatively associated with progenitor cell levels in middle-aged healthy individuals. Depletion of endothelial progenitors with increasing fasting and post-meal glucose may be one cause of the high incidence of cardiovascular damage in individuals with pre-diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G P Fadini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100, Padua, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ronzoni L, Bonara P, Rusconi D, Frugoni C, Libani I, Cappellini MD. Erythroid differentiation and maturation from peripheral CD34+ cells in liquid culture: cellular and molecular characterization. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2007; 40:148-55. [PMID: 17889571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2007.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2007] [Revised: 07/23/2007] [Accepted: 07/25/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In vitro models of human erythropoiesis are useful in studying the mechanisms of erythroid differentiation from BFU-E to mature erythrocytes both in normal and pathological conditions. Most of the available in vitro liquid cultures are from cell lines or are limited by the production of few erythroid cells mixed with myeloid cells. Here we describe an erythroid liquid culture system starting from CD34(+)-enriched cells obtained from peripheral blood. CD34(+) cells were cultured for 21 days in different conditions. Precisely stem cell factor (SCF, 20 ng/mL) and IL-3 (10 ng/mL) were added at starting point plus Epo (3 U/mL) at day 0 or 7 of culture with or without cyclosporine A (Cy; 1 mg/mL). In all the conditions, the highest recovery was obtained at day 14 of culture. Epo and Cy added at day 0 produced the highest cell expansion (170-fold mean amplification of the initial cell input by day 14) and recovery of erythroid cell. Sixty seven percent of the cells were GP(+) at day 7 and 97% by day 14 respectively. Most of the cells were proerythroblasts at day 7 and mature erythroblasts at day 14 (>90% were benzidine(pos)). The presence of Cy favoured erythroid differentiation and maturation and reduced the percentage of non-erythroid CD45(+) cells (2% with Cy versus 5% without Cy). Cells cultured with Epo and Cy reproduced erythropoiesis also at the molecular level. The results suggest that in 14 days different steps of human erythropoiesis from peripheral CD34(+) cells could be reproduced, with high recovery of highly purified erythroid cells. The high number and purity of erythroid cells produced from a small amount of peripheral blood make this method useful for studying either normal or pathological erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Ronzoni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Milano, Fondazione Policlinico Mangiagalli, Regina Elena, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Savarese TM, Strohsnitter WC, Low HP, Liu Q, Baik I, Okulicz W, Chelmow DP, Lagiou P, Quesenberry PJ, Noller KL, Hsieh CC. Correlation of umbilical cord blood hormones and growth factors with stem cell potential: implications for the prenatal origin of breast cancer hypothesis. Breast Cancer Res 2007; 9:R29. [PMID: 17501995 PMCID: PMC1929091 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2007] [Revised: 04/26/2007] [Accepted: 05/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prenatal levels of mitogens may influence the lifetime breast cancer risk by driving stem cell proliferation and increasing the number of target cells, and thereby increasing the chance of mutation events that initiate oncogenesis. We examined in umbilical cord blood the correlation of potential breast epithelial mitogens, including hormones and growth factors, with hematopoietic stem cell concentrations serving as surrogates of overall stem cell potential. Methods We analyzed cord blood samples from 289 deliveries. Levels of hormones and growth factors were correlated with concentrations of stem cell and progenitor populations (CD34+ cells, CD34+CD38- cells, CD34+c-kit+ cells, and granulocyte–macrophage colony-forming units). Changes in stem cell concentration associated with each standard deviation change in mitogens and the associated 95% confidence intervals were calculated from multiple regression analysis. Results Cord blood plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were strongly correlated with all the hematopoietic stem and progenitor concentrations examined (one standard-deviation increase in IGF-1 being associated with a 15–19% increase in stem/progenitor concentrations, all P < 0.02). Estriol and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 levels were positively and significantly correlated with some of these cell populations. Sex hormone-binding globulin levels were negatively correlated with these stem/progenitor pools. These relationships were stronger in Caucasians and Hispanics and were weaker or not present in Asian-Americans and African-Americans. Conclusion Our data support the concept that in utero mitogens may drive the expansion of stem cell populations. The correlations with IGF-1 and estrogen are noteworthy, as both are crucial for mammary gland development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Todd M Savarese
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - William C Strohsnitter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts-New England Medical Center, 750 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Hoi Pang Low
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Inkyung Baik
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - William Okulicz
- Department of Physiology, ILAT Steroid RIA Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - David P Chelmow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts-New England Medical Center, 750 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Athens Medical School, 75 M. Asias Street, Goudi, GR-115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Peter J Quesenberry
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Kenneth L Noller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts-New England Medical Center, 750 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Chung-Cheng Hsieh
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sifri ZC, Cohen D, Ananthakrishnan P, Wang L, Kaiser VL, Mohr AM, Hauser CJ, Rameshwar P, Deitch EA, Livingston DH. Sex hormones affect bone marrow dysfunction after trauma and hemorrhagic shock. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:864-9. [PMID: 17255869 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000256839.50053.1d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone marrow (BM) dysfunction after trauma and hemorrhagic shock (T/HS) results in a decrease in clonogenic growth of BM progenitors through a plasma-mediated process. Although sex hormones have been shown to modulate some end-organ injury after shock, post-T/HS BM dysfunction has only been studied in male animals. Therefore, the present study examines the effects of sex hormones on post-T/HS BM dysfunction by measuring clonogenic growth of BM progenitors in castrated male rats and in ovariectomized and proestrus female rats. DESIGN Laboratory experiment. SETTING University surgical research laboratory. SUBJECT Castrated and noncastrated male and ovariectomized and proestrus female Sprague-Dawley rats. INTERVENTION All rats were subjected to either T/HS or sham shock with laparotomy (n = 3-5 per group). At 3 hrs after resuscitation, the rats were killed and plasma and BM mononuclear cells from bilateral femurs were harvested. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS BM mononuclear cells were cultured for erythroid burst-forming unit and granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit colonies to assess the extent of progenitor BM dysfunction. BM from noncastrated male rats subjected to T/HS demonstrated a significant decrease in granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit and erythroid burst-forming unit colony formation compared with BM of all the sham shock groups and with the castrated male and both female rat groups subjected to T/HS. In addition, plasma from noncastrated shocked male rats incubated in vitro with BM cells from unmanipulated male rats caused a significant suppression of BM granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit and erythroid burst-forming unit colonies compared with plasma from castrated rats subjected to either sham shock with laparotomy or T/HS. CONCLUSION The profound BM dysfunction observed in noncastrated male rats after T/HS is not observed in proestrus female rats and castrated male rats. In addition, the in vitro plasma-mediated BM suppression present in male rats after T/HS is also lost in castrated male rats. Sex hormones seem to play a significant role in BM dysfunction after T/HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziad C Sifri
- Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ni S, Zhao C, Feng GS, Paulson RF, Correll PH. A novel Stat3 binding motif in Gab2 mediates transformation of primary hematopoietic cells by the Stk/Ron receptor tyrosine kinase in response to Friend virus infection. Mol Cell Biol 2007; 27:3708-15. [PMID: 17353274 PMCID: PMC1899994 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01838-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Friend erythroleukemia virus has long served as a paradigm for the study of the multistage progression of leukemia. Friend virus infects erythroid progenitor cells, followed by an initial polyclonal expansion of infected cells, which is driven by the activation of a naturally occurring truncated form of the Stk receptor tyrosine kinase (Sf-Stk). Subsequently, the accumulation of additional mutations in p53 and the activation of PU.1 result in full leukemic transformation. The early stages of transformation induced by Friend virus are characterized in vitro by the Epo-independent growth of infected erythroblasts. We have shown previously that this transforming event requires the kinase activity and Grb2 binding site of Sf-Stk and the recruitment of a Grb2/Gab2 complex to Sf-Stk. Here, we demonstrate that Stat3 is required for the Epo-independent growth of Friend virus-infected cells and that the activation of Stat3 by Sf-Stk is mediated by a novel Stat3 binding site in Gab2. These results underscore a central role for Stat3 in hematopoietic transformation and describe a previously unidentified role for Gab2 in the recruitment and activation of Stat3 in response to transforming signals generated by tyrosine kinases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ni
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Building, University Park, PA 16802-3500, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Borelli P, Blatt S, Pereira J, de Maurino BB, Tsujita M, de Souza AC, Xavier JG, Fock RA. Reduction of erythroid progenitors in protein–energy malnutrition. Br J Nutr 2007; 97:307-14. [PMID: 17298699 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114507172731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Protein–energy malnutrition is a syndrome in which anaemia together with multivitamin and mineral deficiency may be present. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved have not, however, yet been completely elucidated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pathophysiological processes that occur in this anaemia in animals that were submitted to protein–energy malnutrition, in particular with respect to Fe concentration and the proliferative activity of haemopoietic cells. For this, histological, histochemical, cell culture and immunophenotyping techniques were used. Two-month-old male Swiss mice were submitted to protein–energy malnutrition with a low-protein diet (20 g/kg) compared with control diet (400 g/kg). When the experimental group had attained a 20 % loss of their original body weight, the animals from both groups received, intravenously, 20 IU erythropoietin every other day for 14 d. Malnourished animals showed a decrease in red blood cells, Hb concentration and reticulocytopenia, as well as severe bone marrow and splenic atrophy. The results for serum Fe, total Fe-binding capacity, transferrin and erythropoietin in malnourished animals were no different from those of the control animals. Fe reserves in the spleen, liver and bone marrow were found to be greater in the malnourished animals. The mixed colony-forming unit assays revealed a smaller production of granulocyte–macrophage colony-forming units, erythroid burst-forming units, erythroid colony-forming units and CD45, CD117, CD119 and CD71 expression in the bone marrow and spleen cells of malnourished animals. These findings suggest that, in this protein–energy malnutrition model, anaemia is not caused by Fe deficiency or erythropoietin deficiency, but is a result of ineffective erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Primavera Borelli
- Laboratório Hematologia Experimental, Departmento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bugarski D, Krstic A, Mojsilovic S, Vlaski M, Petakov M, Jovcic G, Stojanovic N, Milenkovic P. Signaling pathways implicated in hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2007; 232:156-63. [PMID: 17202596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the signal transduction pathways associated with the clonal development of myeloid and erythroid progenitor cells. The contribution of particular signaling molecules of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, and PI-3 kinase signaling to the growth of murine bone marrow colony forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) and erythroid (burst forming unit-erythroid [BFU-E] and colony forming unit-erythroid [CFU-E]) progenitors was examined in studies performed in the presence or absence of specific signal transduction inhibitors. The results clearly pointed to different signal transducing intermediates that are involved in cell proliferation and differentiation depending on the cell lineage, as well as on the progenitors' maturity. Lineage-specific differences were obtained when chemical inhibitors specific for receptor- or nonreceptor-PTKs, as well as for the main groups of distinctly regulated MAPK cascades, were used because all of these compounds suppressed the growth of erythroid progenitors, with no major effects on myeloid progenitors. At the same time, differential involvement of MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) MAPK transduction pathway was observed in the proliferation and/or differentiation of early, BFU-E, and late, CFU-E, erythroid progenitor cells. The results also demonstrated that phosphatydylinositol (PI)-3 kinase and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) transcriptional factor were required for maintenance of both myeloid and erythroid progenitor cell function. Overall, the data obtained indicated that committed hematopoietic progenitors express a certain level of constitutive signaling activity that participates in the regulation of normal steady-state hematopoiesis and point to the importance of evaluating the impact of signal transduction inhibitors on normal bone marrow when used as potential therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Bugarski
- The Institute for Medical Research, Dr Subotića 4, 11129 Beograd, Serbia and Montenegro.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is the process by which stem cells divide and differentiate to produce the multiple types of mature cells found in blood. The process begins in early embryonic development and continues throughout adult life, primarily in the bone marrow. Various in vivo and in vitro assays have been developed to detect and assess stem cells and early multi-potential progenitors. While highly informative about primitive hematopoietic cells these assays are long and labour intensive. Alternatively, colony-forming cell (CFC) assays may be used to quantify more lineage-restricted progenitors in a simple in vitro assay. When cultured in a semi-solid medium containing the appropriate cytokines, CFCs are able to divide and differentiate into a colony of more mature cells that can be detected by light microscopy. This allows for the quantification of erythroid, myeloid, lymphoid, megakaryocytic, and multi-potential cell lineages from various cell sources. This chapter outlines the materials and methods used for the culture and assessment of CFC from humans, mice, and other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pereira
- StemCell Technologies, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ackleh AS, Deng K, Ito K, Thibodeaux J. A structured erythropoiesis model with nonlinear cell maturation velocity and hormone decay rate. Math Biosci 2006; 204:21-48. [PMID: 17010388 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2006.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2005] [Revised: 05/30/2006] [Accepted: 08/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We develop a quasilinear structured model that describes the regulation of erythropoiesis, the process in which red blood cells are developed. In our model, the maturation velocity of precursor cells is assumed to be a function of the erythropoietin hormone, and the decay rate of this hormone is assumed to be a function of the number of precursor cells, unlike other models which assume these parameters to be constants. Existence-uniqueness results are established and convergence of a finite difference approximation to the unique solution of the model is obtained. The finite difference scheme is then used to investigate the effects of these nonlinear parameters on the model dynamics. Our results show that a velocity of precursor cells maturation rate which is an increasing function of the hormone level and a decay rate of the hormone which is an increasing function of the number of precursor cells have a stabilizing effect on the dynamics of the model. While assuming that one parameter is a function and letting the other be a constant stabilizes the oscillations in the mature cells level, the effect is more significant when both parameters are taken to be functions. A study of robustness with respect to the forms of these functions and parameter sensitivity is also carried out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azmy S Ackleh
- Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504-1010, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zakharov IM. [The role of feedback in the regulation of erythropoiesis]. Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova 2006; 92:1033-45. [PMID: 17290871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The review describes the role of positive and negative feedback released through end-products of erythroid cells in the regulation of erythropoiesis.
Collapse
|
37
|
Choi Y, Elagib KE, Delehanty LL, Goldfarb AN. Erythroid inhibition by the leukemic fusion AML1-ETO is associated with impaired acetylation of the major erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. Cancer Res 2006; 66:2990-6. [PMID: 16540647 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-2944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human acute myeloid leukemias with the t(8;21) translocation express the AML1-ETO fusion protein in the hematopoietic stem cell compartment and show impairment in erythroid differentiation. This clinical finding is reproduced in multiple murine and cell culture model systems in which AML1-ETO specifically interferes with erythroid maturation. Using purified normal human early hematopoietic progenitor cells, we find that AML1-ETO impedes the earliest discernable steps of erythroid lineage commitment. Correspondingly, GATA-1, a central transcriptional regulator of erythroid differentiation, undergoes repression by AML1-ETO in a nonconventional histone deacetylase-independent manner. In particular, GATA-1 acetylation by its transcriptional coactivator, p300/CBP, a critical regulatory step in programming erythroid development, is efficiently blocked by AML1-ETO. Fusion of a heterologous E1A coactivator recruitment module to GATA-1 overrides the inhibitory effects of AML1-ETO on GATA-1 acetylation and transactivation. Furthermore, the E1A-GATA-1 fusion, but not wild-type GATA-1, rescues erythroid lineage commitment in primary human progenitors expressing AML1-ETO. These results ascribe a novel repressive mechanism to AML1-ETO, blockade of GATA-1 acetylation, which correlates with its inhibitory effects on primary erythroid lineage commitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngjin Choi
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Goldman DC, Berg LK, Heinrich MC, Christian JL. Ectodermally derived steel/stem cell factor functions non-cell autonomously during primitive erythropoiesis in Xenopus. Blood 2006; 107:3114-21. [PMID: 16357321 PMCID: PMC1432098 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-09-3930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2005] [Accepted: 12/04/2005] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Signals derived from nonhematopoietic tissues are essential for normal primitive erythropoiesis in vertebrates, but little is known about the nature of these signals. In Xenopus, unidentified factors secreted by ectodermal cells during gastrulation are required to enable the underlying ventral mesoderm to form blood. Steel is expressed in the ectoderm of early Xenopus embryos and is known to regulate definitive erythroid progenitor survival and differentiation in other organisms, making it an excellent candidate regulator of primitive erythropoiesis. In this study, we tested whether steel signaling is required for primitive red blood cell differentiation in mice and frogs. We show that Xsl is expressed in the ectoderm in Xenopus gastrulae and that c-kit homologs are expressed in the underlying mesoderm at the same stages of development. We present loss of function data in whole Xenopus embryos and explants that demonstrate a requirement for ectodermally derived steel to signal through c-kit in the mesoderm to support early steps in the differentiation of primitive erythroid but not myeloid cells. Finally, we show that primitive erythropoiesis is not disrupted in mouse embryos that lack c-kit function. Our data suggest a previously unrecognized and unique function of steel/c-kit during primitive erythropoiesis in Xenopus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devorah C Goldman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, OHSU 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yamauchi H, Hotta Y, Konishi M, Miyake A, Kawahara A, Itoh N. Fgf21 is essential for haematopoiesis in zebrafish. EMBO Rep 2006; 7:649-54. [PMID: 16612391 PMCID: PMC1479588 DOI: 10.1038/sj.embor.7400685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2005] [Revised: 01/27/2006] [Accepted: 03/22/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (Fgfs) function as key secreted signalling molecules in many developmental events. The zebrafish is a powerful model system for the investigation of embryonic vertebrate haematopoiesis. Although the effects of Fgf signalling on haematopoiesis in vitro have been reported, the functions of Fgf signalling in haematopoiesis in vivo remain to be explained. We identified Fgf21 in zebrafish embryos. Fgf21-knockdown zebrafish embryos lacked erythroid and myeloid cells but not blood vessels and lymphoid cells. The knockdown embryos had haemangioblasts and haematopoietic stem cells. However, the knockdown embryos had significantly fewer myeloid and erythroid progenitor cells. In contrast, Fgf21 had no significant effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis in the intermediate cell mass. These results indicate that Fgf21 is a newly identified factor essential for the determination of myelo-erythroid progenitor cell fate in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Yamauchi
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuhei Hotta
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Morichika Konishi
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ayumi Miyake
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kawahara
- Horizontal Medical Research Organization, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itoh
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Tel: +81 75 753 4540; Fax: +81 75 753 4600; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Seki M, Kameoka J, Takahashi S, Harigae H, Yanai N, Obinata M, Sasaki T. Identification of tenascin-C as a key molecule determining stromal cell-dependent erythropoiesis. Exp Hematol 2006; 34:519-27. [PMID: 16569598 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2005] [Revised: 12/20/2005] [Accepted: 01/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously established 33 bone marrow stromal cell lines from SV40 T-antigen transgenic mice. Of these, 27 clones supported erythroid colony formation, while 6 did not. The objective of this study is to identify the molecules that determine these erythroid colony-forming activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared gene expression profiling by DNA microarray between cell lines that support erythropoiesis (E(+); TBR9, 184, 31-2) and cell lines that do not (E(-); TBR17, 33, 511). Among the differentially expressed genes, we selected candidate genes with results of quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and examined the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and the addition of exogenous proteins on the erythroid colony formation. RESULTS Out of 7226 genes examined, 138 and 282 genes were upregulated and downregulated in E(+) by threefold or more, respectively. We have selected one of the upregulated genes, tenascin-C (TN-C), as a candidate. Expressions of TN-C in E(+) were all higher than the three E-cell lines, with a mean of 3.6-fold. The number of erythroid colonies in the presence of TN-C siRNA was significantly lower than that of control siRNA in TBR9 (20.7 +/- 6.3 vs 4.7 +/- 4.8 colonies; p = 0.01) and in TBR184 (13.3 +/- 5.3 vs 0.3 +/- 0.5; p = 0.02). Moreover, addition of exogenous TN-C enhanced the number of erythroid colonies in TBR184 (13.3 +/- 3.5 vs 20.0 +/- 2.0; p = 0.04) and in TBR31-2 (7.5 +/- 3.1 vs 13.5 +/- 2.6; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION These results suggest that TN-C is responsible for determining the stromal cell-dependent erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Seki
- Department of Rheumatology and Hematology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sugimoto A, Yamamoto M, Suzuki M, Inoue T, Nakamura S, Motoda R, Yamasaki F, Orita K. Delta-4 Notch ligand promotes erythroid differentiation of human umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells. Exp Hematol 2006; 34:424-32. [PMID: 16569589 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2005.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2005] [Revised: 12/20/2005] [Accepted: 12/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Important roles of Notch signaling have been demonstrated in hematopoiesis. In many cases, activation of the Notch pathway leads to the inhibition of differentiation of immature precursors, suggesting a potential role in self-renewal promotion. However, the function of Notch and Notch ligands is not so straightforward because it is considerably dependent on cytokine context. In this study, we analyzed effects of one Notch ligand, Delta-4, whose function is less clear than others, such as Delta-1 and Jagged-1 and -2. METHODS CD34(+) cells isolated from human umbilical cord blood were cocultured with a Delta-4-expressing murine stromal cell line, SC9-19, and induced to erythroid differentiation by adding stem cell factor and erythropoietin. To examine the involvement of Delta-4, we utilized stromal cell subclones expressing Delta-4 protein at higher or lower level than parental SC9-19 by plasmid transfection. Erythroid maturation was examined by surface phenotype (CD34 and glycophorin A) and cytospin morphology. Recombinant human Delta-4 protein was prepared to analyze direct effects of Delta-4. RESULTS Under erythroid lineage-inducing conditions, we found that the increase in Delta-4 expression of SC9-19 promoted erythroid differentiation whereas the decrease in Delta-4 expression inhibited it. Morphologic examination as well as colony formation analysis supported this observation. Moreover, the experiment using recombinant Delta-4 provided direct evidence of the Delta-4 activity found in coculture system. CONCLUSIONS By modifying Delta-4 expression of the stromal cells and using the recombinant protein, we demonstrated that Delta-4 had a differentiation promoting activity for human primitive hematopoietic cells into erythroid lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Sugimoto
- Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories, Inc. Okayama, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Claessens YE, Fontenay M, Pene F, Chiche JD, Guesnu M, Hababou C, Casadevall N, Dhainaut JF, Mira JP, Cariou A. Erythropoiesis abnormalities contribute to early-onset anemia in patients with septic shock. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174:51-7. [PMID: 16574939 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200504-561oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The intimate mechanisms of early onset anemia observed in critically ill patients with septic shock remain unclear. OBJECTIVES We investigated erythropoiesis abnormalities in this setting by studying morphologic, functional, and biochemical patterns of erythroid lineage. METHODS Erythroid lineage in the bone marrow from patients with septic shock who developed early-onset anemia was compared with that of healthy control subjects. Survival and proliferation capacities were quantified in both groups. Biochemical and flow cytometry patterns of apoptosis were dissected by exploring antiapoptotic (erythropoietin [Epo] receptor-dependent) and proapoptotic (death receptor-dependent) pathways. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Erythroid lineage was morphologically similar in both groups. Apoptosis of glycophorin-A-positive erythroid precursors was increased in patients versus control subjects as assessed by labeling with annexin V (26.1 +/- 8.8 vs. 3.1 +/- 2.9%, p < 0.05) or 3-3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide (55.9 +/- 10.5 vs. 19.1 +/- 5.4%, p < 0.05), respectively. This was associated with significant overexpression of Fas on erythroid precursors and higher tumor necrosis factor-alpha plasma levels in patients with septic shock vs. control subjects. Moreover, growth capacities of late erythroid progenitors of burst-forming unit erythroids (BFU-Es) at Day 10 were impaired in the presence of serum from patients with septic shock as compared with the effect of serum from control subjects (27 +/- 12 vs. 109 +/- 27 per 10(5) seeded cells, respectively; p < 0.001). Saturating concentrations of recombinant human Epo (rHuEpo) restored growth capacity of patients' BFU-Es (72 +/- 14 per 10(5) seeded cells) in autologous conditions of serum. CONCLUSIONS Early-onset anemia that may be observed in patients with septic shock is associated with defective erythropoiesis related to an excess of apoptosis that can be counterbalanced in vitro by rHuEpo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yann-Erick Claessens
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Cochin Hospital, APHP Université Paris-Descartes, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, F-75679 Paris, Cedex 14, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sanchez M, Weissman IL, Pallavicini M, Valeri M, Guglielmelli P, Vannucchi AM, Migliaccio G, Migliaccio AR. Differential Amplification of Murine Bipotent Megakaryocytic/Erythroid Progenitor and Precursor Cells During Recovery from Acute and Chronic Erythroid Stress. Stem Cells 2006; 24:337-48. [PMID: 16144876 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2005-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two murine bipotent erythroid/megakaryocytic cells, the progenitor (MEP) and precursor (PEM) cells, recently have been identified on the basis of the phenotypes of linnegc-kitposSca-1neg CD16/CD32lowCD34low and TER119pos4A5pos or 2D5pos, respectively. However, the functional relationship between these two subpopulations and their placement in the hemopoietic hierarchy is incompletely understood. We compared the biological properties of these subpopulations in marrow and spleen of mice with and without acute or chronic erythroid stress. MEP cells, but not PEM cells, express c-kit, respond to stem cell factor in vitro, and form spleen colonies in vivo. PEM cells comprise up to 50%-70% of the cells in BFU-E-derived colonies but are not present among the progeny of purified MEP cells cultured under erythroid and megakaryocytic permissive conditions. PEM cells increase 10- to 20-fold under acute and chronic stress, whereas MEP cell increases (21%-84%) are observed only in acutely stressed animals. These data suggest that MEP and PEM cells represent distinct cell populations that may exist in an upstream-downstream differentiation relationship under conditions of stress. Whereas the dynamics of both populations are altered by stress induction, the differential response to acute and chronic stress suggests different regulatory mechanisms. A model describing the relationship between MEP, PEM, and common myeloid progenitor cells is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Sanchez
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
CD163, the hemoglobin-haptoglobin receptor, has been reported to be expressed exclusively on monocyte/ macrophages. Here we demonstrate that CD163 is also expressed by a subpopulation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Flow cytometric analysis shows that 1.9 +/- 1.3% (+/-SD, n = 16) of adult bone marrow and 2.0 +/- 1.8% (n = 8) of umbilical cord blood CD34(+) cells express cell-surface CD163, and 69.1 +/- 16.9% (n = 9) and 79.7 +/- 22.4% (n = 8) of the respective cells contain the CD163 protein intracellularly. The expression of CD163 by CD34(+) cells was confirmed by western blot analysis of cell lysates. Transcripts corresponding to the known predominant and variant 1 forms of CD163 were amplified via RT-PCR from CD34(+) cell-derived mRNA. A new variant (K11) with a deletion at the start of exon 15 was also detected. The deleted region contains a PKCalpha phosphorylation site and an amino acid sequence (YREM) that may support efficient receptor endocytosis. The addition of activating anti-CD163 antibodies increased the growth and differentiation of erythroid progenitors in colony-forming assays. These data suggest that hemoglobin may mediate a stimulatory effect on erythropoiesis through the activation of CD163 on hematopoietic progenitor cells.
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Ikaros is a critical transcriptional regulator of hematopoietic cell differentiation. In addition to its effects on the lymphoid system and hematopoietic stem-cell compartment, we have previously shown that Ikaros is also required for normal erythroid development. In this report, we compare Ikaros-dependent gene expression in erythroid cells of mice lacking the Ikaros protein with that of normal mice in purified adult bone-marrow erythroid cells (BMRC). Gene expression, measured by Affymetrix microarray analysis, indicates that in the BMRC of Ikaros-null mice, there is significant up-regulation of SMADs 6 and 7, serine protease inhibitor 3, and immediate-early protein 3 (IER3), all proteins that play a modulating role in apoptosis. We investigate the role of Ikaros in oxidative stress-induced apoptosis using Annexin-V staining and FACS analysis. We find a decrease in apoptosis in the BMRC of Ikaros-null mice compared to normal mice. This effect is also seen in nonerythroid cells but is stronger in BMRC. We conclude that normal Ikaros function increases normal apoptosis in erythroid cells. The data also suggest that Ikaros plays a role in apoptosis-mediated events in other normal hematopoietic cell lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dianne Pulte
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ghaffari S, Kitidis C, Zhao W, Marinkovic D, Fleming MD, Luo B, Marszalek J, Lodish HF. AKT induces erythroid-cell maturation of JAK2-deficient fetal liver progenitor cells and is required for Epo regulation of erythroid-cell differentiation. Blood 2005; 107:1888-91. [PMID: 16254141 PMCID: PMC1895702 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-06-2304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AKT serine threonine kinase of the protein kinase B (PKB) family plays essential roles in cell survival, growth, metabolism, and differentiation. In the erythroid system, AKT is known to be rapidly phosphorylated and activated in response to erythropoietin (Epo) engagement of Epo receptor (EpoR) and to sustain survival signals in cultured erythroid cells. Here we demonstrate that activated AKT complements EpoR signaling and supports erythroid-cell differentiation in wild-type and JAK2-deficient fetal liver cells. We show that erythroid maturation of AKT-transduced cells is not solely dependent on AKT-induced cell survival or proliferation signals, suggesting that AKT transduces also a differentiation-specific signal downstream of EpoR in erythroid cells. Down-regulation of expression of AKT kinase by RNA interference, or AKT activity by expression of dominant negative forms, inhibits significantly fetal liver-derived erythroid-cell colony formation and gene expression, demonstrating that AKT is required for Epo regulation of erythroid-cell maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saghi Ghaffari
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Skurikhin EG, Pershina OV, Suslov NI, Dygai AM, Gol'dberg ED. Role of Thy 1,2+ cells in the regulation of hemopoiesis during experimental neuroses. Bull Exp Biol Med 2005; 139:643-6. [PMID: 16224569 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-005-0366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We studied the direct and stromal cell-mediated effects of bone marrow Thy 1,2+ cells on the growth of granulocyte-macrophage and erythroid colonies from the bone marrow of CBA/CaLac mice with experimental neuroses (conflict situation and paradoxical sleep deprivation). Proliferation and differentiation of hemopoietic precursors during neuroses are controlled by regulatory T cells. In conflict situation Thy 1,2+ cells stimulate the growth of hemopoietic precursors, which is associated with their direct effect and interaction with adherent cells of the hemopoiesis-inducing microenvironment. The interaction of Thy 1,2+ cells with adherent bone marrow cells during paradoxical sleep deprivation stimulates the formation of only granulocyte-macrophage colonies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E G Skurikhin
- Institute of Pharmacology, Tomsk Research Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhao W, Kitidis C, Fleming MD, Lodish HF, Ghaffari S. Erythropoietin stimulates phosphorylation and activation of GATA-1 via the PI3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway. Blood 2005; 107:907-15. [PMID: 16204311 PMCID: PMC1895894 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-06-2516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (Epo) stimulation of its receptor's downstream signaling pathways and optimum function of GATA-1 transcription factor are both essential for normal erythroid cell development. Epo-receptor (EpoR) signaling and GATA-1 regulate proliferation, survival, differentiation, and maturation of erythroid cells. Whether any signal that is generated by EpoR targets GATA-1 or affects GATA-1 transcriptional activity is not known. Here, we demonstrate that stimulation of EpoR results in phosphorylation of GATA-1 at serine 310 (S310) in primary fetal liver erythroid progenitors and in cultured erythroid cells. We show that phosphorylation of GATA-1 is important for Epo-induced maturation of fetal liver erythroid progenitor cells. The PI3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway is identified as a mediator of Epo-induced phosphorylation of GATA-1. AKT serine threonine kinase phosphorylates GATA-1S310 in vitro and in erythroid cells and enhances GATA-1 transcriptional activity. These data demonstrate that EpoR signaling phosphorylates GATA-1 and modulates its activity via the PI3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
A human homologue of Sar1, named Sara2, was shown to be preferentially expressed during erythropoiesis in a culture stimulated by EPO. Previous studies, in yeast, have shown that secretion-associated and Ras-related protein (Sar1p) plays an essential role in protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. Here, we report the molecular analysis of Sara2 in erythroid cell culture. A 1250 bp long cDNA, encoding a 198 amino-acid protein very similar to Sar1 proteins from other organisms, was obtained. Furthermore, we also report a functional study of Sara2 with Real-time quantitative PCR analysis, demonstrating that expression of Sara2 mRNA increases during the initial stages of erythroid differentiation with EPO and that a two-fold increase in expression occurs following the addition of hydroxyurea (HU). In K562 cells, Sara2 mRNA was observed to have a constant expression and the addition of HU also up-regulated the expression in these cells. Our results suggest that Sara2 is an important gene in processes involving proliferation and differentiation and could be valuable for understanding the vesicular transport system during erythropoiesis.
Collapse
|
50
|
Lucas T, Pratscher B, Fink D, Wolschek M, Samorapoompichit P, Schöfer C, Pehamberger H, Müller M, Sorensen P, Jansen B. The Human Orthologue of a Novel Apoptosis Response Gene Induced During Rat Myelomonocytic Stem Cell Apoptosis Maps to 20q13.12. Stem Cells Dev 2005; 14:556-63. [PMID: 16305340 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2005.14.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell factor (SCF) stimulation of the receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit has effects on the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptotic regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell populations. Rat bone marrow myelomonocytic stem cells (MSC) isolated in vitro by wheat germ agglutinin culture exclusively undergo self-renewal divisions when stimulated by SCF but bipotentially differentiate in the presence of dexamethasone or 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) to granulocytes and macrophages, respectively. We show here that withdrawal of SCF from MSC induces rapid apoptosis in all stages of the cell cycle accompanied by development of an ultrastructural apoptotic morphology. To investigate immediate-early gene induction during MSC apoptosis, a differential display polymerase chain reaction (DD-PCR) screen coupled with rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR was performed. An immediate-early apoptosis response gene was isolated from growth factor-deprived MSC that was not expressed during self-renewal or differentiation induction cultures containing SCF. The protein contains a PEST region enriched in proline, glutamic acid, serine, and threonine residues common to proteins with a high turnover and has a cytoplasmic, vesicular localization in apoptotic MSC shown by immunohistochemistry. The human orthologous gene, isolated by RACE PCR, shows 86% homology to the rat protein and high similarity with a human uncharacterized hypothalamus predicted protein (HSMNP1) localized to the long arm of chromosome 20. Because deletions in this region are a common occurrence in a wide range of myeloproliferative disorders characterized by treatment resistance to apoptosis, HSMNP1 expression may play a role in normal and pathological myeloid development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Lucas
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Section of Experimental Oncology/Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|