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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Sinonasal cancers are a heterogenous group of rare cancers for which histopathological diagnosis can be very challenging and treatment options are limited for advanced disease in particular. Here, we review the candidacy of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets for sinonasal cancers. RECENT FINDINGS Molecular multidimensional analyses of sinonasal cancers have been lagging behind other major cancers, but there are numerous publications describing the discovery of novel candidate biomarkers, e.g. the methylation classifier, originally developed for brain cancers, and gene expression panels for the prediction of response to induction chemotherapy in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. The most promising biomarkers are summarized and discussed further with regard to their clinical applicability and future potential. Many of the described novel biomarkers for sinonasal cancers will eventually overcome the pitfalls associated with the frequently non-specific immunohistological tests. With comprehensive, multidimensional molecular testing of these tumours in collaborative consortia projects, our better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of sinonasal cancers and their carcinogenesis will determine the most useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, allow stringent multi-institutional validation and guide trials on targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Lechner
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London, UK
- Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital/Head and Neck Centre, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jacklyn Liu
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London, UK
- Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital/Head and Neck Centre, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Valerie J Lund
- Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital/Head and Neck Centre, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK.
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Zhang L, Huang Y, Wang Y. Efficacy of different regimens in nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma and analysis of serum inflammation and prognosis of patients. J BUON 2020; 25:1997-2002. [PMID: 33099944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the efficacy of different regimens in nasal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NNKTL) and their effects on the serum inflammation and prognosis of patients. METHODS 146 NNKTL patients admitted to and treated in the Oncology Department of our hospital from January 2010 to December 2014 were randomly enrolled and divided into chemotherapy group (group A) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy group (group B). The expression levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) before and after treatment were detected, the short-term efficacy was followed up and analyzed, and the correlation between the two was statistically analyzed. RESULTS In group A and group B, the total short-term effective rate was 71.87% and 84.97%, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 39.9% and 66.2%, and the progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 18.1% and 46.9%, respectively. Treatment regimens, clinical stage, the presence of B symptoms and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level were independent factors related to prognosis, and the remission rate after the first-course chemotherapy was an independent factor unrelated to prognosis. After treatment, there was no significant difference in the IL-2 level between the two groups of patients before and after treatment. The expression level of TNF-α after treatment was reduced compared with that before treatment, and the reduction was more obvious in group B. CONCLUSIONS The short-term efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy favors NNKTL, and the therapy can reduce the expression level of TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
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Yamazaki E, Tomita N, Koyama S, Ogusa E, Ishii Y, Takahashi H, Miyashita K, Matsuura S, Tachibana T, Takasaki H, Takemura S, Fujimaki K, Sakai R, Fujisawa S, Ishigatsubo Y. Serum ferritin level is prognostic of patient outcome in extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type. Med Oncol 2014; 31:149. [PMID: 25108598 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to assess the prognostic factors in patients with extranodal natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL). We retrospectively analyzed 35 patients who were diagnosed with ENKL between 1998 and 2011. The median patient age was 63 years, and the male/female ratio was 22:13; twenty patients had localized ENKL, and 26 had a good Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (score 0 or 1). B symptoms were present in 17 patients. Twenty-five patients presented with nasal or paranasal lesions, or both. With a median follow-up duration among patients still alive at their last follow-up of 47 months (range 8-93 months), the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was 44.5 %. Multivariate analysis revealed that advanced disease stage (P = 0.002), the presence of extranasal disease (P = 0.013), and serum ferritin levels greater than 300 ng/ml (P < 0.001) were significant and independent (negative) prognostic factors. High serum ferritin levels were associated with the presence of B symptoms, elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels, and high soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels, but not with clinical stage. Patients with high ferritin levels had a remarkably low remission rate (23 %) and a short OS time (median: 4 months). Serum ferritin level at the time of diagnosis of ENKL was a useful prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuko Yamazaki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 2360004, Japan,
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Abstract
Hemophilic pseudotumors are rare but dangerous complications of Hemophilia. We hereby report a 3-year-old boy with Hemophilia B, presenting with nasal pseudotumor, showing favorable response to radiotherapy after unsuccessful treatment with factor IX replacement therapy. The diagnosis and treatment of this rare condition is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radheshyam Purkait
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, NRS Medical College and Hospital, 138, AJC Bose Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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5
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Khasanov AI. [Influence of chemotherapy regimen on antioxidant level in patients with locally-advanced tumors of the maxilla, nasal and paranasal sinuses]. Vopr Onkol 2009; 55:42-45. [PMID: 19435198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The study dealt with effect of chemoradiotherapy on the oxidant/antioxidant system in 57 patients with locally-advanced tumors (stage III-IV) of the maxilla, nasal and paranasal sinuses. Therapy modalities ranged from systemic chemoradiotherapy (22), intraarterial chemoradiotherapy + UHF-hyperthermia (20) and intraarterial chemotherapy + radiotherapy (15). The most frequent regimen of chemotherapy involved cisplatin 15 mg/ m2, total dose of 100 mg; fluorouracil 600 mg/m2, total dose of 2,000-3,000 mg, and doxorubicin 15 mg/m2, total dose of 40-60 mg. As far as telegammatherapy is concerned, all patients received STD of 3 Gy and TTD of 40-60 Gy. Unlike systemic chemoradiotherapy, continuous intraarterial chemoradiotherapy with UHF-hyperthermia or without it was followed by lower incidence of enhanced oxidative reaction response and tumor-related endotoxicosis.
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Koo BK, An JH, Jeon KH, Choi SH, Cho YM, Jang HC, Chung JH, Lee CH, Lim S. Two cases of ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome with olfactory neuroblastoma and literature review. Endocr J 2008; 55:469-75. [PMID: 18469486 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.k07e-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory neuroblastomas are rare, slow-growing malignant tumors, usually diagnosed at advanced stages. Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) syndrome caused by an olfactory neuroblastoma is extremely rare. We reported two Korean women who suffered from ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS) caused by olfactory neuroblastomas. The first patient was a 66-year-old woman who had been diagnosed as olfactory neuroblastoma and refused the management two years before and the second patient was a 37-year-old woman on chemotherapy for olfactory neuroblastoma. In the first case, she presented the Cushingoid appearance with systemic edema and her tumor was removed surgically. ACTH secretion by the tissue was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. By contrast, the second patient presented as severe pneumonia caused by cytomegalovirus and was treated with anti-viral agent followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and her residual mass remained. However, after treatment, both patients' plasma ACTH and cortisol levels returned to normal without any adrenolytic therapy. Considering the causative tumors of EAS can be rarely cured and EAS increases the susceptibility to infections, it is prudent to suppress any hypercortisolemia initially, apart from treating the causal malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kyung Koo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-city, South Korea
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Falcão RP, Rizzatti EG, Saggioro FP, Garcia AB, Marinato AF, Rego EM. Flow cytometry characterization of leukemic phase of nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma in tumor biopsies and peripheral blood. Haematologica 2007; 92:e24-5. [PMID: 17405750 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.10654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the findings of the immunophenotypic profile of three cases of nasal T/NK cell lymphoma in leukemic phase. Flow cytometry analysis was carried out using cell suspensions of tumor nasal biopsies and peripheral blood. Tumor samples were composed by a mixture of a predominant subset of medium-size true NK cytCD3epsilon-, sCD3epsilon-, CD56+ cells mixed with a minor subset of medium-size T/NK sCD3epsilon+, CD56+ cells. Both subsets were also detected in peripheral blood. In addition, an infiltration of small-size sCD3epsilon+, CD56- normal T lymphocytes was also present.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Biopsy
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/blood
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/pathology
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Killer Cells, Natural/chemistry
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Killer Cells, Natural/virology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/blood
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/chemistry
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/pathology
- Male
- Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms/blood
- Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms/pathology
- Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/blood
- Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology
- Nose Neoplasms/blood
- Nose Neoplasms/pathology
- Receptors, KIR/analysis
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/chemistry
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology
- Viral Matrix Proteins/analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto P Falcão
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Ishii H, Ogino T, Berger C, Köchli-Schmitz N, Nagato T, Takahara M, Nadal D, Harabuchi Y. Clinical usefulness of serum EBV DNA levels of BamHI W and LMP1 for Nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma. J Med Virol 2007; 79:562-72. [PMID: 17385697 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was utilized to measure serum EBV DNA levels of BamHI W fragment and latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) in 20 nasal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma patients. Both serum EBV DNAs were detected at high levels in all patients, but the levels were below the limit of detection in all healthy controls. The BamHI Z fragment, Epstein-Barr-replication activator (ZEBRA) expression was detected in a small proportion (0.1-3%) of lymphoma cells from 10 (50%) of the patients. Patients with ZEBRA expression showed significantly higher DNA levels of BamHI W and LMP1 (P = 0.0081, P = 0.004), suggesting that EBV DNA may be caused by EBV replication from lymphoma cells. Kaplan-Meier and univariate analyses revealed that high DNA levels of BamHI W and LMP1 at pre-treatment and high BamHI W DNA level at post-treatment were associated with short disease-free survival and overall survival (P < 0.05, each). Although the DNA levels of BamHI W and LMP1 correlated significantly, their dynamics were not always parallel. Patients with low pre-treatment level of both EBV DNAs showed a favorable course, in contrast to patients with high pre-treatment level of both EBV DNAs who showed an aggressive course (P = 0.0085). More importantly, the high pre-treatment level of both EBV DNAs was determined as the only independent prognostic factor among various prognostic factors. These data suggest that simultaneous measurement of serum levels of both BamHI W and LMP1 DNAs may be useful for diagnosis, disease monitoring, and prediction of prognosis for nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Ishii
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan
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Takagi R, Nakamoto D, Mizoe JE, Tsujii H. LOH analysis of free DNA in the plasma of patients with mucosal malignant melanoma in the head and neck. Int J Clin Oncol 2007; 12:199-204. [PMID: 17566843 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-006-0650-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2006] [Accepted: 12/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have conducted charged-particle radiotherapy for mucosal malignant melanoma (MMM) in the head and neck, using carbon ion beams. However, even with the use of carbon ion radiotherapy that is characterized by high local tumor control, a significant number of patients develop metastases after therapy. We conducted research on the assumption that, in MMM, the detection of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) from free DNA in the circulating plasma may be of practical use in the diagnosis of recurrence and metastasis. METHODS We took blood samples prior to therapy from 17 patients with MMM in the head and neck, and extracted free DNA in plasma. Four types of microsatellite markers were used for LOH detection. RESULTS LOH was detected in 1 of 5 patients (20%) for D1S243, 2 of 5 patients (40%) for D6S311, 11 of 17 patients (65%) for D9S161, and 1 of 6 patients (17%) for D19S246. CONCLUSION Evidence based on the irradiated tumor volume suggested a tendency for the group of patients found to have LOH in two loci to have a larger mean tumor volume than the patient groups with no detectable LOH or with LOH detectable in only one locus. Of the 17 patients in this study 4 patients had recurrence and/or metastasis, and all 4 of these patients were found to have LOH in at least one or more loci for any region. LOH analysis of free DNA in plasma may be useful for the early diagnosis of MMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Takagi
- Hospital, Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Science, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
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Pomrantz JS, Johnson LR, Nelson RW, Wisner ER. Comparison of serologic evaluation via agar gel immunodiffusion and fungal culture of tissue for diagnosis of nasal aspergillosis in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2007; 230:1319-23. [PMID: 17472556 DOI: 10.2460/javma.230.9.1319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the sensitivity and specificity of serologic evaluation and fungal culture of tissue for diagnosis of nasal aspergillosis in dogs. DESIGN Prospective study. ANIMALS 58 dogs with nasal discharge and 26 healthy dogs. PROCEDURES Dogs with nasal discharge were anesthetized and underwent computed tomography and rhinoscopy; nasal tissues were collected for histologic examination and fungal culture. Sera were assessed for antibodies against Aspergillus spp (healthy dog sera were used as negative control specimens). Nasal aspergillosis was diagnosed in dogs that had at least 2 of the following findings: computed tomographic characteristics consistent with aspergillosis, fungal plaques detected during rhinoscopy, and histologically detectable fungal hyphae in nasal tissue. Histologic characteristics of malignancy were diagnostic for neoplasia. Without evidence of neoplasia or fungal disease, nonfungal rhinitis was diagnosed. RESULTS Among the 58 dogs, 21 had nasal aspergillosis, 25 had nonfungal rhinitis, and 12 had nasal neoplasia. Fourteen aspergillosis-affected dogs and 1 dog with nonfungal rhinitis had serum antibodies against Aspergillus spp. Fungal culture results were positive for Aspergillus spp only for 17 dogs with aspergillosis. With regard to aspergillosis diagnosis, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 67%, 98%, 93%, and 84%, respectively, for serum anti-Aspergillus antibody determination and 81%, 100%, 100%, and 90%, respectively, for fungal culture. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggest that seropositivity for Aspergillus spp and identification of Aspergillus spp in cultures of nasal tissue are highly suggestive of nasal aspergillosis in dogs; however, negative test results do not rule out nasal aspergillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill S Pomrantz
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Xiao J, Wang SS, Huang Y, Chen LK, Guan ZZ, Huang HQ, Xia ZJ, Xu RH, Lin TY. [Prognostic analysis of 62 cases of nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma]. Ai Zheng 2006; 25:1173-7. [PMID: 16965665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma of nasal type (ENKTL) is a rare disease entity with unique biological behavior, of which definitive characteristics are still unknown. This study was to investigate the clinical features and prognostic factors of ENKTL in the population of southern China. METHODS Records of 62 patients with pathologically confirmed ENKTL, treated in Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University from Jan. 1999 to Dec. 2004, were reviewed. Detailed clinical and laboratory data were included in univariate analysis, and statistically significant factors in univariate analysis were then included in multivariate analysis. RESULTS Of the 62 patients, 47 were men, and 15 were women, with the median age of 42; 92% of the patients had localized disease, and 76% had international prognostic index (IPI) of 0 or 1. Before treatment, 26% of the patients had anemia, 92% had ECOG performance status (PS) score of 0-1, and 53% presented B symptoms. With a median follow-up duration of 18 months, the median overall survival time was 27 months (95% CI: 10-45 months). In multivariate analysis, hemoglobin (Hb) <110 g/L, B symptoms, and ECOG PS score >1 were statistically significant unfavorable prognostic factors. CONCLUSION Hb together with B symptoms and PS score may be independent prognostic factors for ENKTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
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Han DM, Chen XQ, Bai QX. [Exploration of prognostic factors in extranodal nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2006; 28:137. [PMID: 16750021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
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13
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Abstract
A 39-year-old woman who presented with typical Cushingoid appearance (moon facies, central obesity, purpura) was admitted to our hospital because of pulmonary infection. She was found to have hypertension, severe hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis. Endocrine data revealed elevated plasma levels of ACTH and cortisol with lack of circadian rhythm, non-suppressibility to high-dose dexamethasone, and hyperresponsiveness to CRH stimulation. Although no pituitary mass was detected by MRI of the brain, inferior petrosal sinus sampling showed a step-up of central to peripheral ACTH levels; these data are consistent with the diagnosis of Cushing's disease. She was successfully treated with metyrapone to control hypercortisolemia. Ten months later, a mass was detected in the ethmoid sinus, which was surgically removed. After resection of the ethmoid sinus tumor, her Cushingoid features and hypercortisolemia disappeared, but recurred after enlargement of a second mass in the maxillary sinus. After resection of the maxillary sinus tumor, her hypercortisolemia subsided. Histologically, the tumor tissues from both the ethmoid and maxillary sinus were identical and consistent with the diagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma. Immunohistochemically, the immunoreactivities of ACTH and POMC were positive in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, and immunoreactive ACTH was demonstrated in both tumor tissues. Thus, this is the second rare case with ectopic ACTH syndrome caused by olfactory neuroblastoma thus far reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Kanno
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo
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Yasumatsu R, Nakashima T, Kuratomi Y, Hirakawa N, Azuma K, Tomita K, Cataltepe S, Silverman GA, Clayman GL, Komiyama S. Serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen is a useful biologic marker in patients with inverted papillomas of the sinonasal tract. Cancer 2002; 94:152-8. [PMID: 11815971 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.10144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inverted papilloma (IP) is a frequent benign sinonasal tumor that is characterized histologically by squamous metaplasia, epithelial acanthosis, and hyperplasia of the nasal epithelium. Because of its high recurrence rate and malignant transformation potential, careful long-term follow up is necessary. METHODS The purpose of the current report was to study the expression of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen in sinonasal IPs and to evaluate the usefulness of SCC antigen as a biologic marker for the follow-up of patients with sinonasal IP. The expression of SCCA1 in three sinonasal IP cases, three sinonasal SCC cases, and cases of normal nasal epithelium were examined by Western blot analysis, and the SCCA1 expression pattern in 31 IP specimens and 4 carcinoma in IP specimens were evaluated immunohistochemically. The serum levels of SCC antigen in 11 patients with sinonasal IP also were analyzed. RESULTS SCCA1 was overexpressed in all three sinonasal IP tissues compared with sinonasal SCC tissues or normal nasal epithelium. SCCA1 cytoplasmic immunoreactivity was detected in the suprabasal epidermal keratinocytes of all 31 sinonasal IP cases. In the four carcinoma in IP specimens, SCCA1 expression in the papillomatous lesion was more intense than in the cancerous lesion. The serum SCC antigen level was high in 10 of 11 patients with IP (91%) and significantly decreased after surgical resection of the tumors. CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study indicate that SCCA1 frequently is overexpressed and may play a biologic role in the development of sinonasal IPs. Serum SCC antigen may be a useful biologic marker in patients with sinonasal IP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Yasumatsu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Koujitani T, Yasuhara K, Kobayashi H, Shimada A, Onodera H, Takagi H, Hirose M, Mitsumori K. Tumor-promoting activity of 2,6-dimethylaniline in a two-stage nasal carcinogenesis model in N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine-treated rats. Cancer Lett 1999; 142:161-71. [PMID: 10463772 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(99)00153-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The potential promotion activity on nasal carcinogenesis of 2,6-dimethylaniline (DMA), an alpha2-adrenergic agonist metabolite of xylazine which is used for food-producing animals as a sedative agent, was examined. Male F344 rats received diet containing 0 or 3000 ppm DMA for 52 weeks after initiation with N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN). Histopathological assessment showed the incidence of carcinomas in the DHPN+DMA group (33%) to be significantly elevated as compared with that for the DHPN-alone group (5%). Incidences and/or multiplicity of epithelial hyperplasias and dysplastic foci were also increased in the DHPN+DMA group. These lesions were exclusively observed in the olfactory mucosa. The lowest plasma levels of DMA in tumor- and dysplastic foci-bearing rats were 0.05 and 0.20 microg/ml, respectively. These results indicate that DHPN acts as an appropriate initiator for nasal carcinogenesis and that DMA exerts a tumor-promoting effect on the olfactory mucosa in the rat nasal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Koujitani
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Anderson GM, Lane I, Fischer J, Lopez A. Hypercalcemia and parathyroid hormone-related protein in a dog with undifferentiated nasal carcinoma. Can Vet J 1999; 40:341-2. [PMID: 10340096 PMCID: PMC1539802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypercalcemia was discovered in a 7-year-old, castrated male basset hound with a suspected nasal tumor. The dog died the day after admission and nasal carcinoma and disseminated intravascular coagulation were diagnosed on postmortem. Detectable levels of serum PTHrP support a diagnosis of hypercalcemia of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Anderson
- Department of Companion Animals, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown
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Kraje AC, Mears EA, Hahn KA, McEntee MF, Mitchell SK. Unusual metastatic behavior and clinicopathologic findings in eight cats with cutaneous or visceral hemangiosarcoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999; 214:670-2. [PMID: 10088016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Eight cats with visceral or cutaneous hemangiosarcoma were evaluated, and unusual metastatic and clinicopathologic behavior was evident in each. Cutaneous hemangiosarcoma is generally believed to be locally aggressive and slow to metastasize. These 8 cats with cutaneous hemangiosarcoma, however, developed metastatic disease after initial surgical resection; only 1 had local regrowth of the tumor. All cats with visceral hemangiosarcoma had metastasis at the time of diagnosis, which is consistent with cats of other reports. Three of 8 cats had evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation, including increased prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, decreased number of platelets, and anemia. These potential complications need to be considered when planning diagnostic and treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Kraje
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37901-1071, USA
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Yamane T, Hino M, Tatsumi N. Change in FAS antigen expression during differentiation of CD34-positive cells isolated from peripheral blood stem cell harvest samples. Eur J Haematol 1997; 58:289-90. [PMID: 9186542 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1997.tb01669.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Chubachi A, Miura I, Hatano Y, Ohshima A, Nishinari T, Miura AB. Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in patients with lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome. Ann Hematol 1995; 70:53-5. [PMID: 7827207 DOI: 10.1007/bf01715383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We report three lymphoma patients in whom the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) was observed during the course of lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (LAHS). The clinical course was devoid of any known mechanism for SIADH which could be attributable to lymphoma or antineoplastic treatment. Alternatively, high serum levels of interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which stimulate the secretion of antidiuretic hormone, may have contributed to the development of SIADH in our patients, who were receiving glucocorticoids. In conclusion, LAHS patients should be considered to be at high risk for SIADH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chubachi
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan
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Suzumiya J, Takeshita M, Kimura N, Morioka E, Sakai T, Hisano S, Okumura M, Kikuchi M. Sinonasal malignant lymphoma of natural killer cell phenotype associated with diffuse pancreatic involvement. Leuk Lymphoma 1993; 10:231-6. [PMID: 8220122 DOI: 10.3109/10428199309145888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of sinonasal lymphoma with a natural killer (NK) phenotype. This 40-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of left nasal obstruction. Physical examination and computed tomography of the skull revealed a tumor in the left nasal cavity and maxillary sinus. Histopathological examination revealed a diffuse proliferation of pleomorphic lymphoid cells. Imprint cytology showed that tumor cells contained some azurophilic granules, and expressed CD2, CD8, CD16, CD56 and HLA-DR antigens with little expression of other lymphoid or myeloid markers. Southern blot analysis revealed germline configuration for immunoglobulin heavy chain and T-cell receptor genes. These findings indicated that these cells were in fact NK cells. The patient's enlarged pancreas was also involved by lymphoma and the pattern of involvement simulated that seen in primary pancreatic lymphoma. Ulcerative colitis (UC) was also present, a rare finding in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Suzumiya
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Japan
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Aviles A, Rodriguez L, Guzman R, Talavera A, Garcia EL, Diaz-Maqueo JC. Angiocentric T-cell lymphoma of the nose, paranasal sinuses and hard palate. Hematol Oncol 1992; 10:141-7. [PMID: 1398510 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2900100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sixty-five cases of malignant lymphoma of the nose, paranasal sinuses and hard palate were retrospectively analysed to identify the presence or absence of angiocentric lesions. We observed that the 23 patients with angiocentric lesions had a worse prognosis with a shorter duration of response and also a shorter duration of survival, compared with 42 cases of malignant lymphoma of the same anatomical region but without angiocentric lesions. Patients with angiocentric lymphoma were associated with other bad prognostic factors such as elevated levels of lactic dehydrogenase and beta 2 microglobulin, local bone destruction and lymphopenia. Immunophenotyping studies showed that most patients with angiocentric lesions had T cell lymphomas (18 of 23, 78 per cent). We believe that patients with angiocentric T cell lymphomas of the nose, paranasal sinuses and hard palate represent a distinctive clinico-pathological entity with different clinical presentation and outcome. Patients with angiocentric T cell lymphomas had frequent relapse at extranodal sites and combined therapy should be considered as the initial therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aviles
- Department of Hematology, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, I.M.S.S., Mexico, D.F
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Abstract
A patient with immunohistochemically confirmed nasal T-cell lymphoma is reported. He developed systemic histiocytosis with marked hemophagocytosis, simulating malignant histiocytosis. The differential diagnosis from the latter is discussed.
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Abstract
The diterpene ester promoter of mouse skin tumors, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, induced a DNase activity in the Epstein-Barr virus-producer cell line P3HR-1. The elution patterns of the enzyme from DEAE-cellulose, phosphocellulose, and DNA-cellulose columns were different from virus-associated DNA polymerase activity. The partially purified activity could be neutralized to the extent of 90% by sera of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Purified immunoglobulin G from sera of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients inhibited this enzyme and that obtained from superinfected Raji cells to the same extent. The partially purified enzyme preferred native DNA as a substrate over denatured DNA and 3'-terminally labeled activated calf thymus DNA. The activity was inhibited by high ionic strength. Phosphonoformic acid did not have any effect on this enzyme activity.
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Stolbová D, Cinátl J, Vávrová V, Zvárová J. [Factors inhibiting ciliary movement in the serum of patients with nasal polyps]. Cesk Otolaryngol 1982; 31:72-8. [PMID: 7094084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Viot G, Leca M, Moll JL, de Salvador F, Namer M, Demard F, Krebs BP. [Determination of beta2-microglobulin in breast, lung, colorectal and ENT carcinoma (author's transl)]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1978; 26:351-2. [PMID: 83582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Significant increase of plasma level beta2-microglobulin in cancer patients (breast, bronchus, colorectal and ENT) occurs rarely. More, the highest levels observed are within the range of non malignant diseases. We cannot assume that beta2-microglobulin assay will be useful as tumor marker.
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Abstract
The level of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was estimated by radioimmunoassay in 153 normal healthy Malysians of different ethnic groups. The mean level was 7.5 In1/ml (SD 2.28InU/ml). Among 330 patients with malignant tumors, 11 had increased levels of AFP. The only patient who had hepatoma had a very high level of serum AFP. High levels were also found in three of four patients with dysgerminoma of the ovary, in the only two patients with carcinoma of the testis, and in one patient with secondary carcinoma of the humerus of unknown origin. Lower, but significantly increased levels were observed in one patient (of 48) with breast carcinoma, one patient (of 8) with basal cell carcinoma of the nose, one patient (0f 27) with carcinoma of the lung, and one patient (of 59) with nasopharynegeal carcinoma.
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de Jorge FB, Paiva LJ. [Chemistry of copper, magnesium and sulfur in malignant tumors of the head (mouth, nose, face and ear)]. Rev Bras Med 1967; 24:416-20. [PMID: 5604986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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