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Li Z, Cai X. Baicalein targets STMN1 to inhibit the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:3003-3013. [PMID: 38317500 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a common malignancy in the head and neck. Baicalein has been reported to exert the anticancer effects on various cancers. In this study, our aim was to explore the function of baicalein in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and further investigate the potential underlying mechanisms. METHODS Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8 assay, EdU assay, sphere formation assay, flow cytometry, and transwell invasion assay were conducted to determine cell proliferation, stemness, apoptosis, and invasion, respectively. Western blot was performed to examine the protein levels of PCNA, MMP9, STMN1, β-catenin, and Wnt3A. The mRNA level of STMN1 was assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Xenograft tumor model was carried out to evaluate the effects of baicalein on tumor growth in vivo. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay was used to detect the levels of PCNA, MMP9, and STMN1 in tumor tissues from mice. RESULTS Baicalein significantly induced cell apoptosis and impeded cell proliferation, invasion, and stemness of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. STMN1 was highly expressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and baicalein could directly downregulate STMN1 expression. STMN1 knockdown hampered the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Moreover, the effects of baicalein on cell proliferation, stemness, invasion, and apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells were harbored by STMN1 overexpression. Baicalein regulated STMN1 to inhibit the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. SKL2001, an agonist of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, could reverse the effects of STMN1 knockdown on the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In addition, baicalein markedly impeded tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Baicalein regulated the STMN1/Wnt/β-catenin pathway to restrain the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Xiaohang Cai
- The Second Department of Cardiology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
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Aksoy A, Varoglu A, Onalan EE, Tektemur A, Artas G, Koc M, Cakmak M, Aydin S, Kilic M, Ulas M. The knockdown of stathmin with si-RNA inhibits invasion of mesothelioma. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102303. [PMID: 38244401 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the mechanism of action of stathmin1 (STMN1) in mesothelioma (MSM) and whether it has any role in its treatment. METHODS STMN1 expression was examined using immunohistochemistry in biopsy tissues taken from MSM patients. The relationships between the levels of STMN1 expression in the pathology preparations of MSM patients, and the clinicopathological characteristics of these patients, and their survival times were investigated. Transfection of STMN1-specific siRNA into SPC212 cells was compared to negative control siRNAs. The mRNA levels of genes that may play a role in invasion, apoptosis, and autophagy were evaluated by RT-PCR. RESULTS The expression of STMN1 was shown to be high in MSM tissues (p < 0.05). It was found that the only independent predictor factor affecting the survival time of MSM patients was the disease stage (p < 0.05). STMN1 was significantly reduced after siRNA intervention (81.5%). STMN1 with specific siRNA has been shown to suppress invasion by reducing the mRNA levels of cadherin-6 (CDH6), fibroblast growth factor-8 (FGF8), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1A), matrix metallopeptidase 1-2 (gelatinase A) (MMP1-2), and TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 (TIMP2), which are important markers for invasion. Although the expression of apoptosis and autophagy-related genes, caspase-2 (Casp2) and LC-3, was reduced by silencing STMN1 with specific siRNA in western blot analysis, this effect was not observed in PCR results. CONCLUSIONS Immunohistochemical analysis of STMN1 may contribute to the differential diagnosis of MSM, and STMN1 may also be considered as a potential therapeutic target in the early invasive stage of MSM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asude Aksoy
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Health Sciences, Fethi Sekin City Hospital SUAM, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Asuman Varoglu
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Etem Onalan
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tektemur
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Artas
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Koc
- Department of Radiology, Medical Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Muharrem Cakmak
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Siyami Aydin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Murat Kilic
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ulas
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Wang L, Cao J, Tao J, Liang Y. STMN1 promotes cell malignancy and bortezomib resistance of multiple myeloma cell lines via PI3K/AKT signaling. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024; 23:277-286. [PMID: 37642368 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2023.2251384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the biological functions of Stathmin1 (STMN1) involving drug resistance and cell proliferation in multiple myeloma (MM) and its related mechanisms. METHODS Bone marrow aspirates were collected from 20 MM patients, and the bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) were separated by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation. Blood samples of 20 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and 20 healthy donors were collected. Normal plasma cells sorted from the peripheral blood of MGUS patients and healthy subject as controls. Two bortezomib (BTZ)-resistant MM cell lines were established, namely NCI-H929/BTZ and KM3/BTZ cells, and then transfected with lentiviruses packaging sh-STMN1 to knock down STMN1 level in BTZ-resistant cells. Expression of STMN1 was assessed by RT-qPCR and western blotting. CCK-8 assays were performed to assess 50% growth inhibition (IC50) values. Green fluorescent protein in BTZ-resistant cells infected with lentiviruses was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis were evaluated through MTT assays, colony formation assays, flow cytometry analyses, and TUNEL staining. RESULTS STMN1 was upregulated in MM cells and bone marrow aspirates of MM patients. Additionally, STMN1 depletion attenuated BTZ resistance in MM cells. Moreover, downregulation of STMN1 limited the malignant phenotypes of BTZ-resistant cells. Mechanistically, the PI3K/Akt signaling was inactivated by STMN1 downregulation in BTZ-resistant cells. CONCLUSION STMN1 silencing inhibits cell proliferation and BTZ resistance in MM by inactivating the PI3K/Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jian Tao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medicine University, Nanjing, China
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Zeng L, Lyu X, Yuan J, Chen Y, Wen H, Zhang L, Shi J, Liu B, Li W, Yang S. STMN1 Promotes Tumor Metastasis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Through Microtubule-dependent And Nonmicrotubule-dependent Pathways. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:1509-1527. [PMID: 38385074 PMCID: PMC10878155 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.84738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between STMN1 and cancer metastasis is controversial. The purpose of this study was to explore the role and mechanism of STMN1 in NSCLC metastasis. In this study, we reported that STMN1 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and associated with poor prognosis. Both in vivo and in vitro functional assays confirmed that STMN1 promoted NSCLC metastasis. Further studies confirmed that STMN1 promoted cell migration by regulating microtubule stability. The results of Co-IP and LC‒MS/MS illustrated that STMN1 interacts with HMGA1. HMGA1 decreases microtubule stability by regulating the phosphorylation level of STMN1 at Ser16 and Ser38 after interacting with STMN1. This result suggested that STMN1 could be activated by HMGA1 to further promote NSCLC metastasis. Meanwhile, it has been found that STMN1 could promote cell migration by activating the p38MAPK/STAT1 signaling pathway, which is not dependent on microtubule stability. However, activating p38MAPK can decrease microtubule stability by promoting the dephosphorylation of STMN1 at ser16. A positive feedback loop was formed between STMN1 and p38MAPK to synergistically promote cell migration. In summary, our study demonstrated that STMN1 could promote NSCLC metastasis through microtubule-dependent and nonmicrotubule-dependent mechanisms. STMN1 has the potential to be a therapeutic target to inhibit metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhong Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xin Lyu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jingyan Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Haimei Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jie Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Boxuan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Shuanying Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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Jing Y, Luo Y, Li L, Liu M, Liu JX. Deficiency of copper responsive gene stmn4 induces retinal developmental defects. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:2. [PMID: 38252267 PMCID: PMC10803583 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09847-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
As part of the central nervous system (CNS), the retina senses light and also conducts and processes visual impulses. The damaged development of the retina not only causes visual damage, but also leads to epilepsy, dementia and other brain diseases. Recently, we have reported that copper (Cu) overload induces retinal developmental defects and down-regulates microtubule (MT) genes during zebrafish embryogenesis, but whether the down-regulation of microtubule genes mediates Cu stress induced retinal developmental defects is still unknown. In this study, we found that microtubule gene stmn4 exhibited obviously reduced expression in the retina of Cu overload embryos. Furthermore, stmn4 deficiency (stmn4-/-) resulted in retinal defects similar to those seen in Cu overload embryos, while overexpression of stmn4 effectively rescued retinal defects and cell apoptosis occurred in the Cu overload embryos and larvae. Meanwhile, stmn4 deficient embryos and larvae exhibited reduced mature retinal cells, the down-regulated expression of microtubules and cell cycle-related genes, and the mitotic cell cycle arrests of the retinal cells, which subsequently tended to apoptosis independent on p53. The results of this study demonstrate that Cu stress might lead to retinal developmental defects via down-regulating expression of microtubule gene stmn4, and stmn4 deficiency leads to impaired cell cycle and the accumulation of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) and their subsequent apoptosis. The study provides a certain referee for copper overload in regulating the retinal development in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuanYuan Jing
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi Luo
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - LingYa Li
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mugen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Agra Almeida Quadros AR, Li Z, Wang X, Ndayambaje IS, Aryal S, Ramesh N, Nolan M, Jayakumar R, Han Y, Stillman H, Aguilar C, Wheeler HJ, Connors T, Lopez-Erauskin J, Baughn MW, Melamed Z, Beccari MS, Olmedo Martínez L, Canori M, Lee CZ, Moran L, Draper I, Kopin AS, Oakley DH, Dickson DW, Cleveland DW, Hyman BT, Das S, Ertekin-Taner N, Lagier-Tourenne C. Cryptic splicing of stathmin-2 and UNC13A mRNAs is a pathological hallmark of TDP-43-associated Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:9. [PMID: 38175301 PMCID: PMC10766724 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02655-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear clearance and cytoplasmic accumulations of the RNA-binding protein TDP-43 are pathological hallmarks in almost all patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and up to 50% of patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease. In Alzheimer's disease, TDP-43 pathology is predominantly observed in the limbic system and correlates with cognitive decline and reduced hippocampal volume. Disruption of nuclear TDP-43 function leads to abnormal RNA splicing and incorporation of erroneous cryptic exons in numerous transcripts including Stathmin-2 (STMN2, also known as SCG10) and UNC13A, recently reported in tissues from patients with ALS and FTD. Here, we identify both STMN2 and UNC13A cryptic exons in Alzheimer's disease patients, that correlate with TDP-43 pathology burden, but not with amyloid-β or tau deposits. We also demonstrate that processing of the STMN2 pre-mRNA is more sensitive to TDP-43 loss of function than UNC13A. In addition, full-length RNAs encoding STMN2 and UNC13A are suppressed in large RNA-seq datasets generated from Alzheimer's disease post-mortem brain tissue. Collectively, these results open exciting new avenues to use STMN2 and UNC13A as potential therapeutic targets in a broad range of neurodegenerative conditions with TDP-43 proteinopathy including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Agra Almeida Quadros
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhaozhi Li
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - I Sandra Ndayambaje
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandeep Aryal
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nandini Ramesh
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Nolan
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rojashree Jayakumar
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Stillman
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Corey Aguilar
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hayden J Wheeler
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theresa Connors
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jone Lopez-Erauskin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael W Baughn
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ze'ev Melamed
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Melinda S Beccari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura Olmedo Martínez
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Canori
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chao-Zong Lee
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Moran
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Derek H Oakley
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Don W Cleveland
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sudeshna Das
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
| | - Clotilde Lagier-Tourenne
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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7
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Li K, Dai P, Li J, Liu L, Cheng S, Fang Q, Wu B. AKT/FOXM1/STMN1 signaling pathway activation by SMC1A promotes tumor growth in breast cancer. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3661. [PMID: 38282144 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upregulation of SMC1A (Structural maintenance of chromosomes 1A) is linked with many types of cancer and its oncogenic function, which has been associated with crucial cellular mechanisms (cell division, cell cycle checkpoints regulation and DNA repair). Recent studies have shown that SMC1A was involved in breast cancer, although the exact mechanisms of SMC1A remain to be determined. METHODS Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we examined SMC1A expression and its relation to other genes, including FOXM1 and STMN1. Short hairpin RNA was used to subsequently examine the biological roles of SMC1A in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines. Bioinformatics were performed to identify the SMC1A-related gene FOXM1. RESULTS Here, we used the TCGA database to show that SMC1A is overexpressed in breast cancer. Later investigations showed SMC1A's role in breast cancer cell survival, apoptosis and invasion. Using bioinformatics and western blot assays, we confirmed that FOXM1 acted as the downstream of SMC1A, and SMC1A knockdown significantly downregulated the FOXM1 expression via the AKT signal pathway. Interestingly, the inhibition effects induced by SMC1A downregulation could be reversed by FOXM1 overexpression. In the clinic, SMC1A expression is favorably linked with FOXM1 expression in breast cancer tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results not only enhance our knowledge of SMC1A's molecular pathways in breast cancer, but also suggest a potential new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaichun Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Tianyou Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Dai
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tianyou Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyu Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Tianyou Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingliang Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingxiang Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tianyou Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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8
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López-Erauskin J, Bravo-Hernandez M, Presa M, Baughn MW, Melamed Z, Beccari MS, Agra de Almeida Quadros AR, Arnold-Garcia O, Zuberi A, Ling K, Platoshyn O, Niño-Jara E, Ndayambaje IS, McAlonis-Downes M, Cabrera L, Artates JW, Ryan J, Hermann A, Ravits J, Bennett CF, Jafar-Nejad P, Rigo F, Marsala M, Lutz CM, Cleveland DW, Lagier-Tourenne C. Stathmin-2 loss leads to neurofilament-dependent axonal collapse driving motor and sensory denervation. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:34-47. [PMID: 37996528 PMCID: PMC10842032 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01496-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The mRNA transcript of the human STMN2 gene, encoding for stathmin-2 protein (also called SCG10), is profoundly impacted by TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) loss of function. The latter is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Using a combination of approaches, including transient antisense oligonucleotide-mediated suppression, sustained shRNA-induced depletion in aging mice, and germline deletion, we show that stathmin-2 has an important role in the establishment and maintenance of neurofilament-dependent axoplasmic organization that is critical for preserving the caliber and conduction velocity of myelinated large-diameter axons. Persistent stathmin-2 loss in adult mice results in pathologies found in ALS, including reduced interneurofilament spacing, axonal caliber collapse that drives tearing within outer myelin layers, diminished conduction velocity, progressive motor and sensory deficits, and muscle denervation. These findings reinforce restoration of stathmin-2 as an attractive therapeutic approach for ALS and other TDP-43-dependent neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone López-Erauskin
- Ludwig Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mariana Bravo-Hernandez
- Department of Anesthesiology and Stem Cell Program and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael W Baughn
- Ludwig Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ze'ev Melamed
- Ludwig Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Melinda S Beccari
- Ludwig Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ana Rita Agra de Almeida Quadros
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Olatz Arnold-Garcia
- Ludwig Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
- CIBERNED, ISCIII (CIBER, Carlos III Institute, Spanish Ministry of Sciences and Innovation), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Karen Ling
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Oleksandr Platoshyn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Stem Cell Program and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elkin Niño-Jara
- Department of Anesthesiology and Stem Cell Program and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - I Sandra Ndayambaje
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa McAlonis-Downes
- Ludwig Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Larissa Cabrera
- Ludwig Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan W Artates
- Ludwig Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Anita Hermann
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Frank Rigo
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Martin Marsala
- Department of Anesthesiology and Stem Cell Program and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Don W Cleveland
- Ludwig Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Clotilde Lagier-Tourenne
- Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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9
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Wu S, Tang T, Zhou H, Huang J, Kang X, Zhang J. Hsa_circ_0119412 is a tumor promoter in hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting miR-526b-5p to upregulate STMN1. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2256951. [PMID: 37773733 PMCID: PMC10543360 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2256951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is always deemed a deadly malignancy worldwide. Non-coding RNAs, including circRNAs, are becoming more widely recognized as essential regulators of the malignant development of HCC. Thus, we elaborated the regulating role of hsa_circ_0119412 in HCC advancement. The qRT-PCR was done to estimate the expressions of hsa_circ_0119412, miR-526b-5p, and Stathmin 1 (STMN1) in HCC (clinical samples and cell lines), and immunoblotting was used to detect STMN1 protein level in HCC cell lines. The stability of the circRNA was checked by processing with ribonuclease R. The proliferative potential of HCC cells was examined via the CCK-8 assay and the migratory potential by the wound healing assay. Immunoblotting was done to examine Bax and Bcl-2 (apoptosis-related proteins). Luciferase and RIP assays were employed to establish the direct interactions among miR-526b-5p and hsa_circ 0119412/STMN1. In vivo tumor growth was measured by doing a xenograft tumor experiment. In the tissues of HCC patients and cell lines derived from HCC cells, hsa_circ_0119412 was distinctly over-expressed. Knocking down hsa_circ_0119412 impeded proliferation and migration while inducing apoptosis in HCC cells. Moreover, silencing hsa_circ_0119412 diminished tumor weight and volume in vivo. Interestingly, miR-526b-5p inhibition partially restored the anti-tumor effects of silencing hsa_circ_0119412. STMN1 expression was also abundant in HCC, suggesting that it play a tumor-promoting role. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0119412 sponged miR-526b-5p, resulting in STMN1 upregulation and thus facilitating the progression of HCC. In conclusion, this study reveals that hsa_circ_0119412 knockdown attenuates the progression of HCC by targeting miR-526b-5p/STMN1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongchi Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoliang Kang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Junli Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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10
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Handa T, Yokobori T, Obayashi S, Fujii T, Shirabe K, Oyama T. Association Between High Expression of Phosphorylated-STMN1 and Mesenchymal Marker Expression and Cancer Stemness in Breast Cancer. Anticancer Res 2023; 43:5341-5348. [PMID: 38030185 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM In patients with breast cancer, the expression of stathmin1 (STMN1) has been significantly related to a poor prognosis, cancer aggressiveness, and expression of cancer stem cell markers. The STMN1 protein is closely regulated by phosphorylation in four sites. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between the expression of phosphorylated STMN1 (pSTMN1) and clinicopathological findings, including tumor-aggressive biomarkers, in patients with breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression levels of four pSTMN1 (Ser16, Ser25, Ser38, and Ser63) were immunohistochemically analyzed in 213 breast cancer cases. The clinicopathological factors evaluated included epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and cancer stem cell markers. RESULTS The cytoplasmic expression of pSTMN1 (Ser16, Ser25, Ser38, and Ser63) in normal breast tissues was low. The positive expression ratios of Ser25 (54.5%) and Ser38 (39.0%) were high compared to those of Ser16 (25.8%) and Ser63 (23.9%). The overexpression of pSTMN1 (Ser38) was associated with tumor-aggressive characteristics, such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) phenotypes, high mesenchymal marker, and expression of cancer stem cell markers. CONCLUSION STMN1 phosphorylation might be associated with clinicopathological factors, breast cancer subtypes, and expression of mesenchymal markers and breast cancer stem cell markers through the regulation of STMN1 function. Ser38 phosphorylation of STMN1 may be a novel biomarker for high-grade TNBC associated with mesenchymal marker expression and cancer stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Handa
- Department of Medical Technology and Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Medical Technology and Clinical Engineering, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Nursing-Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Research Program for Omics-based Medical Science, Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Maebashi, Japan;
| | - Sayaka Obayashi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takaaki Fujii
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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11
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Thornburg-Suresh EJC, Richardson JE, Summers DW. The Stathmin-2 membrane-targeting domain is required for axon protection and regulated degradation by DLK signaling. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104861. [PMID: 37236359 PMCID: PMC10404615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Axon integrity is essential for functional connectivity in the nervous system. The degeneration of stressed or damaged axons is a common and sometimes initiating event in neurodegenerative disorders. Stathmin-2 (Stmn2) is an axon maintenance factor that is depleted in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and replenishment of Stmn2 can restore neurite outgrowth in diseased neurons. However, mechanisms responsible for Stmn2-mediated axon maintenance in injured neurons are not known. We used primary sensory neurons to interrogate the role of Stmn2 in the degeneration of severed axons. We discover that membrane association of Stmn2 is critical for its axon-protective activity. Structure-function studies revealed that axonal enrichment of Stmn2 is driven by palmitoylation as well as tubulin interaction. Using live imaging, we discover that another Stmn, Stmn3, comigrates with Stmn2-containing vesicles. We also demonstrate that Stmn3 undergoes regulated degradation through dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK)-c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling. The Stmn2 membrane-targeting domain is both necessary and sufficient for localization to a specific vesicle population and confers sensitivity to DLK-dependent degradation. Our findings reveal a broader role for DLK in tuning the local abundance of palmitoylated Stmns in axon segments. Moreover, palmitoylation is a critical component of Stmn-mediated axon protection, and defining the Stmn2-containing vesicle population will provide important clues toward mechanisms of axon maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J C Thornburg-Suresh
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Daniel W Summers
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
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12
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Baughn MW, Melamed Z, López-Erauskin J, Beccari MS, Ling K, Zuberi A, Presa M, Gil EG, Maimon R, Vazquez-Sanchez S, Chaturvedi S, Bravo-Hernández M, Taupin V, Moore S, Artates JW, Acks E, Ndayambaje IS, de Almeida Quadros ARA, Jafar-nejad P, Rigo F, Bennett CF, Lutz C, Lagier-Tourenne C, Cleveland DW. Mechanism of STMN2 cryptic splice-polyadenylation and its correction for TDP-43 proteinopathies. Science 2023; 379:1140-1149. [PMID: 36927019 PMCID: PMC10148063 DOI: 10.1126/science.abq5622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Loss of nuclear TDP-43 is a hallmark of neurodegeneration in TDP-43 proteinopathies, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). TDP-43 mislocalization results in cryptic splicing and polyadenylation of pre-messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs) encoding stathmin-2 (also known as SCG10), a protein that is required for axonal regeneration. We found that TDP-43 binding to a GU-rich region sterically blocked recognition of the cryptic 3' splice site in STMN2 pre-mRNA. Targeting dCasRx or antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) suppressed cryptic splicing, which restored axonal regeneration and stathmin-2-dependent lysosome trafficking in TDP-43-deficient human motor neurons. In mice that were gene-edited to contain human STMN2 cryptic splice-polyadenylation sequences, ASO injection into cerebral spinal fluid successfully corrected Stmn2 pre-mRNA misprocessing and restored stathmin-2 expression levels independently of TDP-43 binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Baughn
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ze’ev Melamed
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jone López-Erauskin
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Melinda S Beccari
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Karen Ling
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals; Carlsbad, CA 92010, USA
| | - Aamir Zuberi
- Rare Disease Translation Center, The Jackson Laboratory; Bar Harbor, ME 04609
| | - Maximilliano Presa
- Rare Disease Translation Center, The Jackson Laboratory; Bar Harbor, ME 04609
| | - Elena Gonzalo Gil
- Rare Disease Translation Center, The Jackson Laboratory; Bar Harbor, ME 04609
| | - Roy Maimon
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sonia Vazquez-Sanchez
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Som Chaturvedi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mariana Bravo-Hernández
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Vanessa Taupin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Stephen Moore
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jonathan W. Artates
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Eitan Acks
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - I. Sandra Ndayambaje
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ana R. Agra de Almeida Quadros
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Frank Rigo
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals; Carlsbad, CA 92010, USA
| | | | - Cathleen Lutz
- Rare Disease Translation Center, The Jackson Laboratory; Bar Harbor, ME 04609
| | - Clotilde Lagier-Tourenne
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT; Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Don W. Cleveland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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13
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Vadla P, Deepthi G, Julakanti V, Jahagirdar D, Meruva S, Tantravahi S. Association of Stathmin (Op18) with TNM Staging and Grading of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Role in Tumor Progression. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:497-502. [PMID: 35986456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of the study was to evaluate the expression of stathmin in different histological grades and tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging of Oral carcinoma and various grades of oral dysplasia. The study also aims at observing the stathmin expression with respect to lymph node metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 90 histopathologically confirmed tissue sections were acquired, of which 30 sections of oral dysplasia, 30 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and 30 normal tissue sections were stained immunohistochemically with stathmin. The tissue sections, were categorized into different grades of oral dysplasia and OSCC based on histopathological examination. For estimation of stathmin expression, manual examination of 300 cells was done in a minimum of five different areas of tissue section and a mean proportion of positive-stained cells were determined. The statistical analysis of the results was done using ANOVA test. RESULTS A statistically significant increase in mean staining scores of stathmin in OSCC group compared to dysplasia and control groups. A statistically significant difference was observed in different grades of dysplasia and OSCC groups. Stage III and stage IV OSCC tissue sections showed high intensity staining scores of stathmin expression. CONCLUSION An increased expression of stathmin was detected in various grades of OSCC and also with respect to staging of oral cancer. Half the cases of OSCC with lymph node metastasis showed high intensity scores of stathmin. Based on the above facts, stathmin expression was indicated as a potential tool for predicting the outcome of oral cancer patients with lymph node metastasis and its expression was increased in the group with poor prognosis. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Any damage/mutation to stathmin can result in defects in cell division resulting in aneuploidy and in turn cancers. In this study, the results showed that there is a differential expression of stathmin in the early and the advanced grades and different TNM stages of OSCC. A high expression of stathmin was observed in all the cases with lymph node metastasis. These observations prove that stathmin has an important role in the progression, tumorigenicity, and prognosis of the oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima Vadla
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mamata Dental College, Khammam, Telangana, India
| | - Gaddam Deepthi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India, Phone: +91 7799357588, e-mail:
| | - Vaishnavi Julakanti
- Department of Oral Pathology, Mamata Dental College, Khammam, Telangana, India
| | - Divya Jahagirdar
- General Dentistry Department, Gandhi Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Swetha Meruva
- Health Informatics, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Swapnika Tantravahi
- General Dentistry Department, Mallareddy Dental College for Women, Hyderabad, India
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14
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Tan YR, Zhao TC, Ju WT, Zhong LP. [Experimental investigation of vincristine on chemosensitivity through Stathmin regulation in oral squamous cell carcinoma]. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2022; 31:1-5. [PMID: 35587659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our previous studies have found that Stathmin, a microtubule depolymerizing protein, is a potential biomarker to guide locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) induction chemotherapy. This study further explored the regulatory effect of vincristine on Stathmin and its potention as an alternative chemotherapy drug. METHODS Stathmin overexpressed and knockdown stable cell lines were constructed. Cell proliferation, q-PCR, Western blot, subcutaneous xenograft and other experimental methods were used to value the regulatory effect of vincristine on Stathmin. The differences were statistically analyzed with SPSS 23.0 software package. RESULTS Vincristine inhibited the expression of Stathmin in OSCC cell lines. The sensitivity to vincristine was increased in Stathmin overexpressed OSCC cell lines. Vincristine had potent anti-tumor effect for OSCC cell line xenografts with higher Stathmin expression. CONCLUSIONS Vincristine is a potential alternative chemotherapeutic agent for OSCC with higher Stathmin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ran Tan
- Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology. Shanghai 200011, China. E-mail:
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15
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Vicari HP, Coelho-Silva JL, Pereira-Martins DA, Lucena-Araujo AR, Lima K, Lipreri da Silva JC, Scheucher PS, Koury LC, de Melo RA, Bittencourt R, Pagnano K, Nunes E, Fagundes EM, Kerbauy F, de Figueiredo-Pontes LL, Costa-Lotufo LV, Rego EM, Traina F, Machado-Neto JA. STMN1 is highly expressed and contributes to clonogenicity in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Invest New Drugs 2021; 40:438-452. [PMID: 34837603 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stathmin 1 (STMN1) is a microtubule-destabilizing protein highly expressed in hematological malignancies and involved in proliferation and differentiation. Although a previous study found that the PML-RARα fusion protein, which contributes to the pathophysiology of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), positively regulates STMN1 at the transcription and protein activity levels, little is known about the role of STMN1 in APL. In this study, we aimed to investigate the STMN1 expression levels and their associations with laboratory, clinical, and genomic data in APL patients. We also assessed the dynamics of STMN1 expression during myeloid cell differentiation and cell cycle progression, and the cellular effects of STMN1 silencing and pharmacological effects of microtubule-stabilizing drugs on APL cells. We found that STMN1 transcripts were significantly increased in samples from APL patients compared with those of healthy donors (all p < 0.05). However, this had no effect on clinical outcomes. STMN1 expression was associated with proliferation- and metabolism-related gene signatures in APL. Our data confirmed that STMN1 was highly expressed in early hematopoietic progenitors and reduced during cell differentiation, including the ATRA-induced granulocytic differentiation model. STMN1 phosphorylation was predominant in a pool of mitosis-enriched APL cells. In NB4 and NB4-R2 cells, STMN1 knockdown decreased autonomous cell growth (all p < 0.05) but did not impact ATRA-induced apoptosis and differentiation. Finally, treatment with paclitaxel (as a single agent or combined with ATRA) induced microtubule stabilization, resulting in mitotic catastrophe with repercussions for cell viability, even in ATRA-resistant APL cells. This study provides new insights into the STMN1 functions and microtubule dynamics in APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Passos Vicari
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan Luiz Coelho-Silva
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Diego A Pereira-Martins
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Hematology, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Keli Lima
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Hematology, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Santos Scheucher
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luisa C Koury
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Raul A de Melo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pernambuco and Fundação HEMOPE, Recife, Brazil
| | - Rosane Bittencourt
- Hematology Division, University Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Katia Pagnano
- University of Campinas/Hemocentro-Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Elenaide Nunes
- Hematology Division, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Evandro M Fagundes
- Hematology Division, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabio Kerbauy
- Hematology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lobo de Figueiredo-Pontes
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Leticia Veras Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Magalhães Rego
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Hematology, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Traina
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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Zhong FJ, Sun B, Cao MM, Xu C, Li YM, Yang LY. STMN2 mediates nuclear translocation of Smad2/3 and enhances TGFβ signaling by destabilizing microtubules to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2021; 506:128-141. [PMID: 33705863 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis remains the major obstacle of improving the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical to cancer metastasis. Successful induction of EMT requires dramatic cytoskeleton rearrangement. However, the significance of microtubule (MT), one of the core components of cell cytoskeleton, in this process remains largely unknown. Here we revealed that STMN2, an important MT dynamics regulator, is barely expressed in normal live tissues but markedly up-regulated in HCCs, especially in those with early recurrence. High STMN2 expression correlates with aggressive clinicopathological features and predicts poor prognosis of HCC patients. STMN2 overexpression in HCC cells promotes EMT, invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo, whereas STMN2 knockdown has opposite results. Mechanistically, STMN2 modulates MTs disassembly, disrupts MT-Smad complex, and facilitates release from MT network, phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3 even independent of TGFβ stimulation, thereby enhancing TGFβ signaling. Collectively, STMN2 orchestrates MT disassembly to facilitate EMT via TGF-β signaling, providing a novel insight into the mechanisms underlying cancer metastasis. STMN2 is a promising prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Jing Zhong
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Mo-Mo Cao
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lian-Yue Yang
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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17
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Tan S, Kang Y, Li H, He HQ, Zheng L, Wu SQ, Ai K, Zhang L, Xu R, Zhang XZ, Zhao XK, Zhu X. circST6GALNAC6 suppresses bladder cancer metastasis by sponging miR-200a-3p to modulate the STMN1/EMT axis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:168. [PMID: 33568625 PMCID: PMC7876104 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is an aggressive malignancy because of its distant metastasis and high recurrence rate. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) exert critical regulatory functions in cancer progression. However, the expression patterns and roles of circRNAs in BCa have not been well investigated. In this study, we first screened circRNA expression profiles using a circRNA microarray of paired BCa and normal tissues, and the expression of circST6GALNAC6 was confirmed by qRT-PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). MTT, colony formation and Transwell assays were performed to measure cell proliferation, migration and invasion. We investigated the regulatory effect of circST6GALNAC6 on miRNA and its target genes to explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of circST6GALNAC6 by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), MS2-tagged RNA affinity purification (MS2-TRAP), immunofluorescence (IF) and dual luciferase activity assays. A nude mouse xenograft model was used to examine the functions of circST6GALNAC6/STMN1 in tumour metastasis in vivo. We found that 881 circRNAs were significantly dysregulated in BCa tissues compared to normal tissues. circST6GALNAC6(hsa_circ_0088708) was downregulated in BCa tissues and cells. Overexpression of circST6GALNAC6 effectively inhibited the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and suppressed BCa metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, we showed that the SP1 transcription factor, which binds to the circST6GALNAC6 mRNA transcript, activates circST6GALNAC6 transcription. Next, we verified that circST6GALNAC6 serves as a sponge that directly binds miR-200a-3p to regulate stathmin (STMN1) expression. Furthermore, we found that STMN1 is involved in circST6GALNAC6/miR-200a-3p axis-regulated BCa EMT and metastasis. Thus, our findings indicate an important underlying mechanism in BCa metastasis by which SP1-induced circST6GALNAC6 sponges miR-200a-3p to promote STMN1/EMT signalling. This mechanism could provide pivotal potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Tan
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Ye Kang
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Hai-Qing He
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Long Zheng
- Department of Urology, An Xiang Xian People's Hospital, Anxiang, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Shui-Qing Wu
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Kai Ai
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Xuan-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Xiao-Kun Zhao
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China.
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18
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Abstract
Cytoplasmic aggregated proteins are a common neuropathological feature of neurodegenerative diseases. Cytoplasmic mislocalization and aggregation of TAR-DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is found in the majority of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and in approximately 50% of patients dying of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). In this issue of the JCI, Prudencio, Humphrey, Pickles, and colleagues investigated the relationship of TDP-43 pathology with the loss of stathmin-2 (STMN2), an essential protein for axonal growth and maintenance. Comparing genetic, cellular, and neuropathological data from patients with TDP-43 proteinopathies (ALS, ALS-frontotemporal dementia [ALS-FTD], and FTLD-TDP-43 [FTLD-TDP]) with data from patients with non-TDP-related neurodegenerations, they demonstrate a direct relationship between TDP-43 pathology and STMN2 reduction. Loss of the normal transcription suppressor function of TDP-43 allowed transcription of an early termination cryptic axon, resulting in truncated, nonfunctional mRNA. The authors suggest that measurement of truncated STMN2 mRNA could be a biomarker for discerning TDP proteinopathies from other pathologies.
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19
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Xie W, Chen M, Zhai Z, Li H, Song T, Zhu Y, Dong D, Zhou P, Duan L, Zhang Y, Li D, Liu X, Zhou J, Liu M. HIV-1 exposure promotes PKG1-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of stathmin to increase epithelial barrier permeability. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100644. [PMID: 33839152 PMCID: PMC8105298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of mucosal epithelial cells to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein gp120 is known to disrupt epithelial cell junctions by impairing stathmin-mediated microtubule depolymerization. However, the pathological significance of this process and its underlying molecular mechanism remain unclear. Here we show that treatment of epithelial cells with pseudotyped HIV-1 viral particles or recombinant gp120 protein results in the activation of protein kinase G 1 (PKG1). Examination of epithelial cells by immunofluorescence microscopy reveals that PKG1 activation mediates the epithelial barrier damage upon HIV-1 exposure. Immunoprecipitation experiments show that PKG1 interacts with stathmin and phosphorylates stathmin at serine 63 in the presence of gp120. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence microscopy further demonstrate that PKG1-mediated phosphorylation of stathmin promotes its autophagic degradation by enhancing the interaction between stathmin and the autophagy adaptor protein p62. Collectively, these results suggest that HIV-1 exposure exploits the PKG1/stathmin axis to affect the microtubule cytoskeleton and thereby perturbs epithelial cell junctions. Our findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism by which exposure to HIV-1 increases epithelial permeability, which has implications for the development of effective strategies to prevent mucosal HIV-1 transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingzhen Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaodong Zhai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongjie Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yigao Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Dong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liangwei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - You Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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20
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Prudencio M, Humphrey J, Pickles S, Brown AL, Hill SE, Kachergus JM, Shi J, Heckman MG, Spiegel MR, Cook C, Song Y, Yue M, Daughrity LM, Carlomagno Y, Jansen-West K, de Castro CF, DeTure M, Koga S, Wang YC, Sivakumar P, Bodo C, Candalija A, Talbot K, Selvaraj BT, Burr K, Chandran S, Newcombe J, Lashley T, Hubbard I, Catalano D, Kim D, Propp N, Fennessey S, Fagegaltier D, Phatnani H, Secrier M, Fisher EM, Oskarsson B, van Blitterswijk M, Rademakers R, Graff-Radford NR, Boeve BF, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Josephs KA, Thompson EA, Raj T, Ward M, Dickson DW, Gendron TF, Fratta P, Petrucelli L. Truncated stathmin-2 is a marker of TDP-43 pathology in frontotemporal dementia. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:6080-6092. [PMID: 32790644 PMCID: PMC7598060 DOI: 10.1172/jci139741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
No treatment for frontotemporal dementia (FTD), the second most common type of early-onset dementia, is available, but therapeutics are being investigated to target the 2 main proteins associated with FTD pathological subtypes: TDP-43 (FTLD-TDP) and tau (FTLD-tau). Testing potential therapies in clinical trials is hampered by our inability to distinguish between patients with FTLD-TDP and FTLD-tau. Therefore, we evaluated truncated stathmin-2 (STMN2) as a proxy of TDP-43 pathology, given the reports that TDP-43 dysfunction causes truncated STMN2 accumulation. Truncated STMN2 accumulated in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons depleted of TDP-43, but not in those with pathogenic TARDBP mutations in the absence of TDP-43 aggregation or loss of nuclear protein. In RNA-Seq analyses of human brain samples from the NYGC ALS cohort, truncated STMN2 RNA was confined to tissues and disease subtypes marked by TDP-43 inclusions. Last, we validated that truncated STMN2 RNA was elevated in the frontal cortex of a cohort of patients with FTLD-TDP but not in controls or patients with progressive supranuclear palsy, a type of FTLD-tau. Further, in patients with FTLD-TDP, we observed significant associations of truncated STMN2 RNA with phosphorylated TDP-43 levels and an earlier age of disease onset. Overall, our data uncovered truncated STMN2 as a marker for TDP-43 dysfunction in FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Prudencio
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Jack Humphrey
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, and
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sarah Pickles
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Anna-Leigh Brown
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E. Hill
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - J. Shi
- Department of Cancer Biology, and
| | - Michael G. Heckman
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew R. Spiegel
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Casey Cook
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Yuping Song
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Mei Yue
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Yari Carlomagno
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Michael DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Shunsuke Koga
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Ying-Chih Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Prasanth Sivakumar
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cristian Bodo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Candalija
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Talbot
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Bhuvaneish T. Selvaraj
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease (MND) Research, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Burr
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease (MND) Research, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease (MND) Research, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tammaryn Lashley
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, and
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Duyang Kim
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, and
| | - Nadia Propp
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, and
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Secrier
- University College London Genetics Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth M.C. Fisher
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Björn Oskarsson
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Marka van Blitterswijk
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Towfique Raj
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, and
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael Ward
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dennis W. Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Tania F. Gendron
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Pietro Fratta
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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21
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Cuijpers SAG, Willemstein E, Ruppert JG, van Elsland DM, Earnshaw WC, Vertegaal ACO. Chromokinesin KIF4A teams up with stathmin 1 to regulate abscission in a SUMO-dependent manner. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs248591. [PMID: 32591481 PMCID: PMC7390632 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.248591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division ends when two daughter cells physically separate via abscission, the cleavage of the intercellular bridge. It is not clear how the anti-parallel microtubule bundles bridging daughter cells are severed. Here, we present a novel abscission mechanism. We identified chromokinesin KIF4A, which is adjacent to the midbody during cytokinesis, as being required for efficient abscission. KIF4A is regulated by post-translational modifications. We evaluated modification of KIF4A by the ubiquitin-like protein SUMO. We mapped lysine 460 in KIF4A as the SUMO acceptor site and employed CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing to block SUMO conjugation of endogenous KIF4A. Failure to SUMOylate this site in KIF4A delayed cytokinesis. SUMOylation of KIF4A enhanced the affinity for the microtubule destabilizer stathmin 1 (STMN1). We here present a new level of abscission regulation through the dynamic interactions between KIF4A and STMN1 as controlled by SUMO modification of KIF4A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine A G Cuijpers
- Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Willemstein
- Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan G Ruppert
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3JR Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Daphne M van Elsland
- Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - William C Earnshaw
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3JR Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Alfred C O Vertegaal
- Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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22
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Villalón E, Kline RA, Smith CE, Lorson ZC, Osman EY, O'Day S, Murray LM, Lorson CL. AAV9-Stathmin1 gene delivery improves disease phenotype in an intermediate mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:3742-3754. [PMID: 31363739 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a devastating infantile genetic disorder caused by the loss of survival motor neuron (SMN) protein that leads to premature death due to loss of motor neurons and muscle atrophy. The approval of an antisense oligonucleotide therapy for SMA was an important milestone in SMA research; however, effective next-generation therapeutics will likely require combinatorial SMN-dependent therapeutics and SMN-independent disease modifiers. A recent cross-disease transcriptomic analysis identified Stathmin-1 (STMN1), a tubulin-depolymerizing protein, as a potential disease modifier across different motor neuron diseases, including SMA. Here, we investigated whether viral-based delivery of STMN1 decreased disease severity in a well-characterized SMA mouse model. Intracerebroventricular delivery of scAAV9-STMN1 in SMA mice at P2 significantly increased survival and weight gain compared to untreated SMA mice without elevating Smn levels. scAAV9-STMN1 improved important hallmarks of disease, including motor function, NMJ pathology and motor neuron cell preservation. Furthermore, scAAV9-STMN1 treatment restored microtubule networks and tubulin expression without affecting tubulin stability. Our results show that scAAV9-STMN1 treatment improves SMA pathology possibly by increasing microtubule turnover leading to restored levels of stable microtubules. Overall, these data demonstrate that STMN1 can significantly reduce the SMA phenotype independent of restoring SMN protein and highlight the importance of developing SMN-independent therapeutics for the treatment of SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Villalón
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - R A Kline
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - C E Smith
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Z C Lorson
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - E Y Osman
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - S O'Day
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - L M Murray
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C L Lorson
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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23
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Jia L, Song Y, Mu L, Li Q, Tang J, Yang Z, Meng W. Long noncoding RNA TPT1-AS1 downregulates the microRNA-770-5p expression to inhibit glioma cell autophagy and promote proliferation through STMN1 upregulation. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:3679-3689. [PMID: 31637705 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Through the microarray analysis, long noncoding RNA TPT1-AS1 (TPT1-AS1) was identified in the development of glioma. However, the specific effect of TPT1-AS1 on glioma autophagy in the recent years has not fully been investigated. Therefore, the purpose of our present study is to investigate the function of TPT1-AS1 on affecting autophagy of glioma cells through regulation of microRNA-770-5p (miR-770-5p)-mediated stathmin 1 (STMN1). Initially, the expression of TPT1-AS1, miR-770-5p, and STMN1 were determined in glioma cell lines, followed by the prediction and validation of their interaction. After that, the effects of TPT1-AS1, miR-770-5p, and STMN1 on the in vitro glioma cell proliferation and autophagy were assessed using EdU assay and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) and on the in vivo tumor development and autophagy were evaluated using a nude mouse xenograft tumor assay and immunofluorescence assay. In comparison with the normal cells, the glioma cells displayed upregulated expression of TPT1-AS1 and STMN1, but a downregulated miR-770-5p expression. miR-770-5p, which directly targeted STMN1, could be downregulated by TPT1-AS1. Subsequently, in glioma cells, TPT1-AS1 can function to competitively bind to miR-770-5p, thus regulatEing STMN1 expression. Moreover, glioma cell proliferation and autophagy could be mediated through the TPT1-AS1/miR-770-5p/STMN1 axis. From our data we conclude an inhibitory function of TPT1-AS1 in glioma cell autophagy by downregulating miR-770-5p and upregulating STMN1, which may be instrumental for the therapeutic targeting and clinical management of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuwen Song
- Department of Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Luyan Mu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingla Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiabin Tang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjuan Meng
- Department of Comprehensive Archives, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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24
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Luo X, Dai Y, Cao Y. Expression of Stathmin and vascular endothelial growth factor C in esophageal cancer and their combined diagnostic value. J BUON 2019; 24:2523-2530. [PMID: 31983128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the expression of Stathmin and vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in the serum of patients with esophageal cancer (EC) and the diagnostic value of the combined two factors. METHODS 88 EC patients (the EC Group) treated in Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital and 50 healthy people (the Control Group) were selected as subjects of this study. After detecting the levels of Stathmin mRNA and VEGF-C mRNA using real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and the expression levels of Stathmin protein and VEGF-C protein using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), analysis of the relationship between the expression levels of Stathmin mRNA and VEGF-C mRNA in the serum and the clinicopathological features of EC were analyzed. RESULTS The levels of Stathmin mRNA and VEGF-C mRNA, Stathmin protein and VEGF-C protein in the serum of the Control Group were lower than those in the EC group (p<0.001). The mRNA and protein expressions of Stathmin and VEGF-C in the serum of EC group were related to lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, grade of differentiation and degree of infiltration (p<0.05). Compared with the combined detection of mRNA, the sensitivity of separate detection of Stathmin mRNA and VEGF-C mRNA was lower, but the specificity of the separate detection of Stathmin mRNA was higher (p<0.05). Compared with the sensitivity of the combined detection of protein, the sensitivity of the separate test of Stathmin protein and VEGF-C protein was lower (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Stathmin and VEGF-C could be used as markers for early diagnosis of EC, and the combined detection of the two factors could improve the sensitivity of diagnosis since the expression levels of mRNAs and proteins of Stathmin and VEGFC in the serum of EC patients were proved to be higher than those of healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, P.R. China
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Shimizu K, Goto Y, Kawabata-Iwakawa R, Ohtaki Y, Nakazawa S, Yokobori T, Obayashi K, Kawatani N, Yajima T, Kaira K, Mogi A, Hirato J, Nishiyama M, Shirabe K. Stathmin-1 Is a Useful Diagnostic Marker for High-Grade Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 108:235-243. [PMID: 30910656 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stathmin-1 regulates microtubule dynamics and is associated with malignant phenotypes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study evaluated its diagnostic value for differentiating between NSCLC and high-grade lung neuroendocrine tumor (HGNET). METHODS Stathmin-1 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 414 NSCLC (305 adenocarcinoma [AD], 102 squamous cell carcinoma [SCC], 7 large-cell carcinoma), 5 typical carcinoid (low-grade lung neuroendocrine tumor), and 34 HGNET (17 small-cell carcinoma [SCLC] and 17 large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma [LCNEC]) surgical specimens and 57 NSCLC (29 AD and 28 SCC) and 42 HGNET (17 LCNEC and 25 SCLC) biopsy specimens. We also analyzed stathmin-1 mRNA levels in 81 NSCLCs and 26 HGNETs with the use of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Among NSCLC samples, we saw high stathmin-1 protein expression in only three ADs, one SCC, and one large-cell carcinoma surgical samples, all five of which showed neuroendocrine characteristics in pathologic re-review; and low or intermediate expression in all five typical carcinoid surgical samples and all 57 NSCLC biopsy samples. In contrast, all HGNET surgical (n = 34) and biopsy (n = 42) samples showed high stathmin-1 expression. In reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, stathmin-1 expression was significantly higher in HGNET tissues than in NSCLC tissues (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Stathmin-1 expression can help in differentiating NSCLC from HGNET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihiro Shimizu
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Goto
- Department of Pathology, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Reika Kawabata-Iwakawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ohtaki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Seshiru Nakazawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan; Department of Oncology Clinical Development, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kai Obayashi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Natsuko Kawatani
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yajima
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Kaira
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Akira Mogi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Junko Hirato
- Department of Pathology, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nishiyama
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
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Mao Q, Chen Z, Wang K, Xu R, Lu H, He X. Prognostic Role of High Stathmin 1 Expression in Patients with Solid Tumors: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 50:66-78. [PMID: 30278466 DOI: 10.1159/000493958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Several recent studies have demonstrated that Stathmin 1expression may be closely associated with prognosis in patients with various types of cancers. In the present study, we conducted a meta-analysis of all available studies in the English literature to assess the prognostic value of Stathmin 1expression in patients with solid cancers. METHODS The online databases PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for literature regarding Stathmin 1 and its association with patient outcomes associated with solid cancers. RESULTS A total of 23 articles including 26 studies that contained 5 335 patients were retrieved and analyzed. Our results indicated that high Stathmin 1 expression yielded a worse overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.81-2.60), disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 2.46, 95% CI: 2.00-3.02), disease-specific survival (DSS) (HR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.58- 2.47) and progression-free survival (PFS)/recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.51-2.89). Furthermore, the association of high Stathmin 1 expression with poor survival was significant even for sub-group analyses of different tumor types, ethnicities, methods used to calculate HRs, detected methods, and analysis types. CONCLUSION In summary, this meta-analysis determined that high Stathmin 1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with solid cancers and expression of this protein could be a clinically useful prognostic biomarker.
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Labreche K, Kinnersley B, Berzero G, Di Stefano AL, Rahimian A, Detrait I, Marie Y, Grenier-Boley B, Hoang-Xuan K, Delattre JY, Idbaih A, Houlston RS, Sanson M. Diffuse gliomas classified by 1p/19q co-deletion, TERT promoter and IDH mutation status are associated with specific genetic risk loci. Acta Neuropathol 2018; 135:743-755. [PMID: 29460007 PMCID: PMC5904227 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-018-1825-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies of glioma have led to the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 25 loci influencing risk. Gliomas are heterogeneous, hence to investigate the relationship between risk SNPs and glioma subtype we analysed 1659 tumours profiled for IDH mutation, TERT promoter mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion. These data allowed definition of five molecular subgroups of glioma: triple-positive (IDH mutated, 1p/19q co-deletion, TERT promoter mutated); TERT-IDH (IDH mutated, TERT promoter mutated, 1p/19q-wild-type); IDH-only (IDH mutated, 1p/19q wild-type, TERT promoter wild-type); triple-negative (IDH wild-type, 1p/19q wild-type, TERT promoter wild-type) and TERT-only (TERT promoter mutated, IDH wild-type, 1p/19q wild-type). Most glioma risk loci showed subtype specificity: (1) the 8q24.21 SNP for triple-positive glioma; (2) 5p15.33, 9p21.3, 17p13.1 and 20q13.33 SNPs for TERT-only glioma; (3) 1q44, 2q33.3, 3p14.1, 11q21, 11q23.3, 14q12, and 15q24.2 SNPs for IDH mutated glioma. To link risk SNPs to target candidate genes we analysed Hi-C and gene expression data, highlighting the potential role of IDH1 at 2q33.3, MYC at 8q24.21 and STMN3 at 20q13.33. Our observations provide further insight into the nature of susceptibility to glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Labreche
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ben Kinnersley
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Giulia Berzero
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- University of Pavia and C. Mondino National Institute of Neurology, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Luisa Di Stefano
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Amithys Rahimian
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Ines Detrait
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Marie
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Khe Hoang-Xuan
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Delattre
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Marc Sanson
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Ni PZ, He JZ, Wu ZY, Ji X, Chen LQ, Xu XE, Liao LD, Wu JY, Li EM, Xu LY. Overexpression of Stathmin 1 correlates with poor prognosis and promotes cell migration and proliferation in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:3608-3618. [PMID: 29039594 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stathmin 1 (STMN1) is a microtubule-regulated protein that plays an important role in tumour cell proliferation and migration. Overexpression of STMN1 is associated with clinicopathological characteristics in many human cancers. The aim of the present study was to investigate STMN1 expression, its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics, and its exact biological function in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). STMN1 levels were measured in the ESCC tissue specimens of 276 patients by immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess the prognostic efficacy of STMN1. IHC showed that patients with overexpression of STMN1 had a poorer prognosis compared with those with low expression, both in regards to 5-year overall survival (OS; 21.2 vs. 53.7%, P<0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS; 20.6 vs. 50.9%, P<0.001). STMN1 overexpression was associated with lower cell differentiation in tumour grade (correlation coefficient: 0.127, P=0.037). In multivariate analysis, STMN1 expression was found to be an independent prognostic factor for both OS (P<0.001; 95% CI, 1.555-2.970) and DFS (P=0.001; 95% CI, 1.978-2.444). Compared with the control, STMN1 downregulation significantly decreased cell migration, invasion and proliferation, whereas these were increased by STMN1 upregulation. STMN1 expression was significantly associated with prognosis and tumour differentiation in ESCC, indicating that STMN1 expression is an independent prognostic factor for ESCC and could be a potential biomarker. Regulating the expression of STMN1 could influence tumour cell motility, invasion and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Zhi Ni
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Zhong He
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wu
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Long-Qi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Di Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Yi Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
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Vetter NS, Kolb EA, Mills CC, Sampson VB. The Microtubule Network and Cell Death Are Regulated by an miR-34a/Stathmin 1/βIII-Tubulin Axis. Mol Cancer Res 2017; 15:953-964. [PMID: 28275089 PMCID: PMC5500423 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) is a master regulator of signaling networks that maintains normal physiology and disease and is currently in development as a miRNA-based therapy for cancer. Prior studies have reported low miR-34a expression in osteosarcoma; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying miR-34a activity in osteosarcoma are not well-defined. Therefore, this study evaluated the role of miR-34a in regulating signal transduction pathways that influence cell death in osteosarcoma. Levels of miR-34a were attenuated in human osteosarcoma cells and xenografts of the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Consortium (PPTC). Bioinformatics predictions identified stathmin 1 (STMN1) as a potential miR-34a target. Biotin pull-down assay and luciferase reporter analysis confirmed miR-34a target interactions within the STMN1 mRNA 3'-untranslated region. Overexpression of miR-34a in osteosarcoma cells suppressed STMN1 expression and reduced cell growth in vitro Restoration of miR-34a led to microtubule destabilization and increased βIII-tubulin expression, with corresponding G1-G2 phase cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Knockdown of the Sp1 transcription factor, by siRNA silencing, also upregulated βIII-tubulin expression in osteosarcoma cells, suggesting that miR-34a indirectly affects Sp1. Validating the coordinating role of miR-34a in microtubule destabilization, when miR-34a was combined with either microtubule inhibitors or chemotherapy, STMN1 phosphorylation was suppressed and there was greater cytotoxicity in osteosarcoma cells. These results demonstrate that miR-34a directly represses STMN1 gene and protein expression and upregulates βIII-tubulin, leading to disruption of the microtubule network and cell death.Implications: The miR-34a/STMN1/βIII-tubulin axis maintains the microtubule cytoskeleton in osteosarcoma, and combining miR-34a with microtubule inhibitors can be investigated as a novel therapeutic strategy. Mol Cancer Res; 15(7); 953-64. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy S Vetter
- Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - E A Kolb
- Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware
| | | | - Valerie B Sampson
- Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware.
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Procházková I, Lenčo J, Fučíková A, Dresler J, Čápková L, Hrstka R, Nenutil R, Bouchal P. Targeted proteomics driven verification of biomarker candidates associated with breast cancer aggressiveness. Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom 2017; 1865:488-498. [PMID: 28216224 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common and molecularly relatively well characterized malignant disease in women, however, its progression to metastatic cancer remains lethal for 78% of patients 5years after diagnosis. Novel markers could identify the high risk patients and their verification using quantitative methods is essential to overcome genetic, inter-tumor and intra-tumor variability and translate novel findings into cancer diagnosis and treatment. We recently identified 13 proteins associated with estrogen receptor, tumor grade and lymph node status, the key factors of breast cancer aggressiveness, using untargeted proteomics. Here we verified these findings in the same set of 96 tumors using targeted proteomics based on selected reaction monitoring with mTRAQ labeling (mTRAQ-SRM), transcriptomics and immunohistochemistry and validated in 5 independent sets of 715 patients using transcriptomics. We confirmed: (i) positive association of anterior gradient protein 2 homolog (AGR2) and periostin (POSTN) and negative association of annexin A1 (ANXA1) with estrogen receptor status; (ii) positive association of stathmin (STMN1), cofilin-1 (COF1), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 RNA-binding protein (PAIRBP1) and negative associations of thrombospondin-2 (TSP2) and POSTN levels with tumor grade; and (iii) positive association of POSTN, alpha-actinin-4 (ACTN4) and STMN1 with lymph node status. This study highlights a panel of gene products that can contribute to breast cancer aggressiveness and metastasis, the understanding of which is important for development of more precise breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Procházková
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic; Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Kotlarska 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Lenčo
- University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Trebesska 1575, 50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Fučíková
- University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Trebesska 1575, 50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Dresler
- University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Trebesska 1575, 50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Military Health Institute, Tychonova 1, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Čápková
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic; Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Kotlarska 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Hrstka
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Nenutil
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Bouchal
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic; Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Kotlarska 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Kong SF, Lv T, Sun X, Yuan H, Zhong JY, Li XR, Dai SZ. Suppressing stathmin-l can inhibit chkl protein expression and reduce the invasion and tumorigenicity of cervical cancer cells. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2017; 38:271-276. [PMID: 29953794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of stathmin-l on chkl protein expression in cervical cancer cells and the influ- ences on the cells' invasion and tumorigenicity. Suppressed stathmin-l expression in Hela cells and C33A cells by lentiviral vector were utilized. Real time PCR and Western blot were used to examine the expression of chkl. Cell proliferation and invasion were stud- ied using MTT assays and transwell migration assays.The differences of tumorigenicity in vivo were explored using xenograft experi- ments. In addition, stathmin-l expressions in 24 cervical cancer patients were studied without regional lymph nodes metastasis and 16 metastatic patients by immunohistochemistry assays and real time PCR. This study found downregulating stathmin-l reduced chkl ex- pressions and the proliferation and invasion in cervical cancer cells and reduced the tumorigenicity of tumor cells.
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Lin MJ, Lee SJ. Stathmin-like 4 is critical for the maintenance of neural progenitor cells in dorsal midbrain of zebrafish larvae. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36188. [PMID: 27819330 PMCID: PMC5098158 DOI: 10.1038/srep36188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A delicate balance between proliferating and differentiating signals is necessary to ensure proper growth and neuronal specification. By studying the developing zebrafish brain, we observed a specific and dynamic expression of a microtubule destabilizer gene, stathmin-like 4 (stmn4), in the dorsal midbrain region. The expression of stmn4 was mutually exclusive to a pan-neuronal marker, elavl3 that indicates its role in regulating neurogenesis. We showed the knockdown or overexpression of stmn4 resulted in premature neuronal differentiation in dorsal midbrain. We also generated stmn4 maternal-zygotic knockout zebrafish by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Unexpectedly, only less than 10% of stmn4 mutants showed similar phenotypes observed in that of stmn4 morphants. It might be due to the complementation of the increased stmn1b expression observed in stmn4 mutants. In addition, time-lapse recordings revealed the changes in cellular proliferation and differentiation in stmn4 morphants. Stmn4 morphants displayed a longer G2 phase that could be rescued by Cdc25a. Furthermore, the inhibition of Wnt could reduce stmn4 transcripts. These results suggest that the Wnt-mediated Stmn4 homeostasis is crucial for preventing dorsal midbrain from premature differentiation via the G2 phase control during the neural keel stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ju Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Jye Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Systems Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec., 4, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ding X, Hu J, Zhang H, Xu Y. Genetic Variants in the STMN1 Transcriptional Regulatory Region Affect Promoter Activity and Fear Behavior in English Springer Spaniels. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158756. [PMID: 27390866 PMCID: PMC4938412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Stathmin 1 (STMN1) is a neuronal growth-associated protein that is involved in microtubule dynamics and plays an important role in synaptic outgrowth and plasticity. Given that STMN1 affects fear behavior, we hypothesized that genetic variations in the STMN1 transcriptional regulatory region affect gene transcription activity and control fear behavior. In this study, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), g. -327 A>G and g. -125 C>T, were identified in 317 English Springer Spaniels. A bioinformatics analysis revealed that both were loci located in the canine STMN1 putative promoter region and affected transcription factor binding. A statistical analysis revealed that the TT genotype at g.-125 C>T produced a significantly greater fear level than that of the CC genotype (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the H4H4 (GTGT) haplotype combination was significantly associated with canine fear behavior (P < 0.01). Using serially truncated constructs of the STMN1 promoters and the luciferase reporter, we found that a 395 bp (−312 nt to +83 nt) fragment constituted the core promoter region. The luciferase assay also revealed that the H4 (GT) haplotype promoter had higher activity than that of other haplotypes. Overall, our results suggest that the two SNPs in the canine STMN1 promoter region could affect canine fear behavior by altering STMN1 transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Ding
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanying Zhang
- Pharmacology Department, R&D center, Nanjing Sanhome Pharmaceutical Co. LTD, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinxue Xu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Li J, Hu G, Kong F, Wu K, Song K, He J, Sun W. Elevated STMN1 Expression Correlates with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2015; 21:1013-20. [PMID: 25791566 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-9930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
STMN1 is a cytosolic phosphoprotein that not only participates in cell division, but also plays an important role in other microtubule-dependent processes, such as cell motility. Furthermore, STMN1 acts as a "relay protein" in several intracellular signaling pathways that influence cell growth and differentiation. Thus, STMN1 is likely to support cellular processes essential for tumor progression: survival and migration. Indeed, elevated STMN1 expression has been reported in various types of human malignancies and is correlated with poor prognosis in these human malignancies. However, the clinical and prognostic significance of STMN1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unknown. Thus, we assessed STMN1 in PDAC in this retrospective study. We first examined STMN1 expression in PDAC tissues from 27 cases and matched adjacent non-cancerous tissues by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot analyses. Next, immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate STMN1 expression in 87 archived paraffin-embedded PDAC specimens. STMN1 mRNA and protein expression levels were to a large extent up-regulated in PDAC tissue compared with their adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Moreover, STMN1 expression was closely correlated with histological differentiation, lymphatic metastasis, and TNM stage (P = 0.023, 0.047, and 0.014, respectively). In addition, PDAC patients with higher STMN1 expression died sooner than those with lower STMN1 expression (P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that STMN1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for PDAC patients (P < 0.01). Herein, we provide the first evidence that up-regulated STMN1 may contribute to tumor progression and poor prognosis in PDAC patients and may serve as a novel prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of PET center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Xu K, Harrison RE. Down-regulation of Stathmin Is Required for the Phenotypic Changes and Classical Activation of Macrophages. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:19245-60. [PMID: 26082487 PMCID: PMC4521045 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.639625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are important cells of innate immunity with specialized capacity for recognition and elimination of pathogens and presentation of antigens to lymphocytes for adaptive immunity. Macrophages become activated upon exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines and pathogenic stimuli. Classical activation of macrophages with interferon-γ (IFNγ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers a wide range of signaling events and morphological changes to induce the immune response. Our previous microtubule (MT) proteomic work revealed that the stathmin association with MTs is considerably reduced in activated macrophages, which contain significantly more stabilized MTs. Here, we show that there is a global decrease in stathmin levels, an MT catastrophe protein, in activated macrophages using both immunoblotting and immunofluorescent microscopy. This is an LPS-specific response that induces proteasome-mediated degradation of stathmin. We explored the functions of stathmin down-regulation in activated macrophages by generating a stable cell line overexpressing stathmin-GFP. We show that stathmin-GFP overexpression impacts MT stability, impairs cell spreading, and reduces activation-associated phenotypes. Furthermore, overexpressing stathmin reduces complement receptor 3-mediated phagocytosis and cellular activation, implicating a pivotal inhibitory role for stathmin in classically activated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Xu
- From the Departments of Cell and Systems Biology and Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Rene E Harrison
- From the Departments of Cell and Systems Biology and Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
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Jian W, Zhong L, Wen J, Tang Y, Qiu B, Wu Z, Yan J, Zhou X, Zhao T. SEPTIN2 and STATHMIN Regulate CD99-Mediated Cellular Differentiation in Hodgkin's Lymphoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127568. [PMID: 26000982 PMCID: PMC4441373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is a lymphoid neoplasm characterized by Hodgkin’s and Reed-Sternberg (H/RS) cells, which is regulated by CD99. We previously reported that CD99 downregulation led to the transformation of murine B lymphoma cells (A20) into cells with an H/RS phenotype, while CD99 upregulation induced differentiation of classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cHL) cells (L428) into terminal B-cells. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, using fluorescence two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), we have analyzed the alteration of protein expression following CD99 upregulation in L428 cells as well as downregulation of mouse CD99 antigen-like 2 (mCD99L2) in A20 cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed that SEPTIN2 and STATHMIN, which are cytoskeleton proteins, were significantly differentially expressed, and chosen for further validation and functional analysis. Differential expression of SEPTIN2 was found in both models and was inversely correlated with CD99 expression. STATHMIN was identified in the A20 cell line model and its expression was positively correlated with that of CD99. Importantly, silencing of SEPTIN2 with siRNA substantially altered the cellular cytoskeleton in L428 cells. The downregulation of STATHMIN by siRNA promoted the differentiation of H/RS cells toward terminal B-cells. These results suggest that SEPTIN2-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangement and STATHMIN-mediated differentiation may contribute to changes in cell morphology and differentiation of H/RS cells with CD99 upregulation in HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Jian
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Tang
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Qiu
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziqing Wu
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhai Yan
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (TZ); (XHZ)
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (TZ); (XHZ)
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Birnie KA, Yip YY, Ng DCH, Kirschner MB, Reid G, Prêle CM, Musk AWB, Lee YCG, Thompson PJ, Mutsaers SE, Badrian B. Loss of miR-223 and JNK Signaling Contribute to Elevated Stathmin in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:1106-18. [PMID: 25824152 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is often fatal, and studies have revealed that aberrant miRNAs contribute to MPM development and aggressiveness. Here, a screen of miRNAs identified reduced levels of miR-223 in MPM patient specimens. Interestingly, miR-223 targets Stathmin (STMN1), a microtubule regulator that has been associated with MPM. However, whether miR-223 regulates STMN1 in MPM and the functions of miR-223 and STMN1 in this disease are yet to be determined. STMN1 is also regulated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling, but whether this occurs in MPM and whether miR-223 plays a role are unknown. The relationship between STMN1, miR-223, and JNK was assessed using MPM cell lines, cells from pleural effusions, and MPM tissue. Evidence indicates that miR-223 is decreased in all MPM tissue compared with normal/healthy tissue. Conversely, STMN1 expression was higher in MPM cell lines when compared with primary mesothelial cell controls. Following overexpression of miR-223 in MPM cell lines, STMN1 levels were reduced, cell motility was inhibited, and tubulin acetylation induced. Knockdown of STMN1 using siRNAs led to inhibition of MPM cell proliferation and motility. Finally, miR-223 levels increased while STMN1 was reduced following the re-expression of the JNK isoforms in JNK-null murine embryonic fibroblasts, and STMN1 was reduced in MPM cell lines following the activation of JNK signaling. IMPLICATIONS miR-223 regulates STMN1 in MPM, and both are in turn regulated by the JNK signaling pathway. As such, miR-223 and STMN1 play an important role in regulating MPM cell motility and may be therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Birnie
- Institute for Respiratory Health and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Yan Y Yip
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dominic C H Ng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michaela B Kirschner
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Glen Reid
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cecilia M Prêle
- Institute for Respiratory Health and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Arthur W Bill Musk
- Occupational Respiratory Epidemiology, School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Y C Gary Lee
- Institute for Respiratory Health and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Philip J Thompson
- Institute for Respiratory Health and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Steven E Mutsaers
- Institute for Respiratory Health and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bahareh Badrian
- Institute for Respiratory Health and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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Song Y, Mu L, Han X, Liu X, Fu S. siRNA targeting stathmin inhibits invasion and enhances chemotherapy sensitivity of stem cells derived from glioma cell lines. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2014; 46:1034-40. [PMID: 25348735 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmu099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most highly angiogenic tumors, and glioma stem cells (GSCs) are responsible for resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as recurrence after operation. Stathmin is substantial for mitosis and plays an important role in proliferation and migration of glioma-derived endothelial cells. However, the relationship between stathmin and GSCs is incompletely understood. Here we isolated GSCs from glioma cell lines U87MG and U251, and then used siRNA targeting stathmin for silencing. We showed that silencing of stathmin suppressed the proliferation, increased the apoptosis rate, and arrested the cell cycle at G2/M phase in GSCs. Silencing of stathmin in GSCs also resulted in inhibited the migration/invasion as well as the capability of vasculogenic mimicry. The susceptibility of GSCs to temozolomide was also enhanced by stathmin silencing. Our findings suggest stathmin as a potential target in GSCs for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Luyan Mu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xuezhe Han
- Neurosurgery and Vascular Biology Program, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Songbin Fu
- Department of Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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Zhao E, Amir M, Lin Y, Czaja MJ. Stathmin mediates hepatocyte resistance to death from oxidative stress by down regulating JNK. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109750. [PMID: 25285524 PMCID: PMC4186850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stathmin 1 performs a critical function in cell proliferation by regulating microtubule polymerization. This proliferative function is thought to explain the frequent overexpression of stathmin in human cancer and its correlation with a bad prognosis. Whether stathmin also functions in cell death pathways is unclear. Stathmin regulates microtubules in part by binding free tubulin, a process inhibited by stathmin phosphorylation from kinases including c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The involvement of JNK activation both in stathmin phosphorylation, and in hepatocellular resistance to oxidative stress, led to an examination of the role of stathmin/JNK crosstalk in oxidant-induced hepatocyte death. Oxidative stress from menadione-generated superoxide induced JNK-dependent stathmin phosphorylation at Ser-16, Ser-25 and Ser-38 in hepatocytes. A stathmin knockdown sensitized hepatocytes to both apoptotic and necrotic cell death from menadione without altering levels of oxidant generation. The absence of stathmin during oxidative stress led to JNK overactivation that was the mechanism of cell death as a concomitant knockdown of JNK1 or JNK2 blocked death. Hepatocyte death from JNK overactivation was mediated by the effects of JNK on mitochondria. Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization occurred in stathmin knockdown cells at low concentrations of menadione that triggered apoptosis, whereas mitochondrial β-oxidation and ATP homeostasis were compromised at higher, necrotic menadione concentrations. Stathmin therefore mediates hepatocyte resistance to death from oxidative stress by down regulating JNK and maintaining mitochondrial integrity. These findings demonstrate a new mechanism by which stathmin promotes cell survival and potentially tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enpeng Zhao
- Department of Medicine and Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Muhammad Amir
- Department of Medicine and Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Yu Lin
- Department of Medicine and Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Mark J. Czaja
- Department of Medicine and Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Menon MB, Sawada A, Chaturvedi A, Mishra P, Schuster-Gossler K, Galla M, Schambach A, Gossler A, Förster R, Heuser M, Kotlyarov A, Kinoshita M, Gaestel M. Genetic deletion of SEPT7 reveals a cell type-specific role of septins in microtubule destabilization for the completion of cytokinesis. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004558. [PMID: 25122120 PMCID: PMC4133155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis terminates mitosis, resulting in separation of the two sister cells. Septins, a conserved family of GTP-binding cytoskeletal proteins, are an absolute requirement for cytokinesis in budding yeast. We demonstrate that septin-dependence of mammalian cytokinesis differs greatly between cell types: genetic loss of the pivotal septin subunit SEPT7 in vivo reveals that septins are indispensable for cytokinesis in fibroblasts, but expendable in cells of the hematopoietic system. SEPT7-deficient mouse embryos fail to gastrulate, and septin-deficient fibroblasts exhibit pleiotropic defects in the major cytokinetic machinery, including hyperacetylation/stabilization of microtubules and stalled midbody abscission, leading to constitutive multinucleation. We identified the microtubule depolymerizing protein stathmin as a key molecule aiding in septin-independent cytokinesis, demonstrated that stathmin supplementation is sufficient to override cytokinesis failure in SEPT7-null fibroblasts, and that knockdown of stathmin makes proliferation of a hematopoietic cell line sensitive to the septin inhibitor forchlorfenuron. Identification of septin-independent cytokinesis in the hematopoietic system could serve as a key to identify solid tumor-specific molecular targets for inhibition of cell proliferation. Cytokinesis is the finalizing step of the complex scenario of mitosis, leading to separation of two sister cells. The cellular mechanism of cytokinesis in eukaryotes differs at least between yeasts, plants and animals. So far, it is also not clear whether all mammalian cells follow the same mechanistic rules of cytokinesis. Here, we demonstrate that, depending on the mammalian cell type, two different pathways could result in completion of cytokinesis, a septin-dependent pathway and a distinct mechanism, which does not require septins prevalent in the hematopoietic system. Using multiple conditional knockouts, we demonstrate this cell type specificity in vitro and in vivo, and present evidence for the involvement of cell-type specific alteration of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Our data, together with the previously available septin knockdown data in cancer cell lines, suggest septins as plausible antitumor targets with high therapeutic index due to lack of off-target effects on hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj B. Menon
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail: (MBM); (MK); (MG)
| | - Akihiro Sawada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Anuhar Chaturvedi
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Pooja Mishra
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Melanie Galla
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Achim Gossler
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhold Förster
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexey Kotlyarov
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Makoto Kinoshita
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan
- * E-mail: (MBM); (MK); (MG)
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail: (MBM); (MK); (MG)
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Batsaikhan BE, Yoshikawa K, Kurita N, Iwata T, Takasu C, Kashihara H, Shimada M. Expression of Stathmin1 in gastric adenocarcinoma. Anticancer Res 2014; 34:4217-4221. [PMID: 25075050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over expression of Stathmin1 (STMN1), activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and protein kinase C iota (PKCi) proteins participate in the regulation of carcinogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the expression of STMN1 in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and also determined the correlation of STMN1 with AID and PKCi proteins. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted in the Tokushima University Hospital between September 2009 and September 2010 on a total of 59 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. Stathmin1, AID and PKCi protein expressions were evaluated by immuno-histochemistry in gastric adenocarcinoma. RESULTS A strong expression of STMN1 was significantly associated with gender- and poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma (p<0.05). A high mRNA level of STMN1 was found in the tumor tissue of gastric adenocarcinoma compared to non-tumor tissue (p<0.05). In addition, STMN1 expression was significantly correlated with AID and PKCi protein expressions in gastric adenocarcinoma (p<0.05). CONCLUSION High mRNA level of the Stathmin1 gene was significantly expressed in gastric tumor tissue than non-tumor and strong expression of STMN1 protein is correlated with poorly-differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bat-Erdene Batsaikhan
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kozo Yoshikawa
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kurita
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Iwata
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Chie Takasu
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hideya Kashihara
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
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Li J, Hu GH, Kong FJ, Wu KM, He B, Song K, Sun WJ. Reduced STMN1 expression induced by RNA interference inhibits the bioactivity of pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1. Neoplasma 2014; 61:144-52. [PMID: 24299310 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2014_020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Increased expression of STMN1 has been observed in many tumor forms, but its expression and potential biological role in pancreatic cancer is still unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that STMN1 was expressed to a large extent in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines as compared to normal pancreatic tissues. Suppression of STMN1 expression via transfection with STMN1-specific siRNA could not only significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of Panc-1 cells, but also enhance the apoptosis of Panc-1 cells. In addition, downregulation of STMN1 obviously enhanced the acetylation level of α-tubulin. All these results indicated that STMN1 plays an important role in pancreatic cancer development, and might serve as a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Werner HMJ, Trovik J, Halle MK, Wik E, Akslen LA, Birkeland E, Bredholt T, Tangen IL, Krakstad C, Salvesen HB. Stathmin protein level, a potential predictive marker for taxane treatment response in endometrial cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90141. [PMID: 24587245 PMCID: PMC3934991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stathmin is a prognostic marker in many cancers, including endometrial cancer. Preclinical studies, predominantly in breast cancer, have suggested that stathmin may additionally be a predictive marker for response to paclitaxel. We first evaluated the response to paclitaxel in endometrial cancer cell lines before and after stathmin knock-down. Subsequently we investigated the clinical response to paclitaxel containing chemotherapy in metastatic endometrial cancer in relation to stathmin protein level in tumors. Stathmin level was also determined in metastatic lesions, analyzing changes in biomarker status on disease progression. Knock-down of stathmin improved sensitivity to paclitaxel in endometrial carcinoma cell lines with both naturally higher and lower sensitivity to paclitaxel. In clinical samples, high stathmin level was demonstrated to be associated with poor response to paclitaxel containing chemotherapy and to reduced disease specific survival only in patients treated with such combination. Stathmin level increased significantly from primary to metastatic lesions. This study suggests, supported by both preclinical and clinical data, that stathmin could be a predictive biomarker for response to paclitaxel treatment in endometrial cancer. Re-assessment of stathmin level in metastatic lesions prior to treatment start may be relevant. Also, validation in a randomized clinical trial will be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrica M. J. Werner
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Jone Trovik
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mari K. Halle
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Wik
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars A. Akslen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Medicine, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Even Birkeland
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Therese Bredholt
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingvild L. Tangen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Helga B. Salvesen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Akhtar J, Wang Z, Yu C, Li CS, Shi YL, Liu HJ. STMN-1 is a potential marker of lymph node metastasis in distal esophageal adenocarcinomas and silencing its expression can reverse malignant phenotype of tumor cells. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:28. [PMID: 24433541 PMCID: PMC3898730 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distal esophageal adenocarcinoma is a highly aggressive neoplasm. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, the prognosis is still poor. Stathmin (STMN-1) is a ubiquitously expressed microtubule destabilizing phosphoprotein. It promotes the disassembly of microtubules and prevents assembly. STMN-1 can cause uncontrolled cell proliferation when mutated and not functioning properly. Recently, found to be overexpressed in many types of human cancers. However, its clinical significance remains elusive in distal esophageal adenocarcinoma. Here, we reported for the first time that STMN-1 is highly overexpressed in adenocarcinomas of the distal esophagus and strongly associated with lymph node metastasis. METHODS STMN-1 expression in 63 cases of distal esophageal adenocarcinoma was analyzed by immunoblotting, while expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells was determined by immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR and western blotting. Lentivirus-mediated RNAi was employed to knock-down STMN-1 expression in Human esophageal adenocarcinoma cells. The relationship between STMN-1 expression and lymph node metastasis in distal esophageal adenocarcinoma was determined by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS STMN-1 was detected in 31 (49.21%) of the 63 cases. STMN-1 was highly overexpressed in specimens with lymph node metastasis pN (+), but its expression was almost undetected in pN (-) status. Multivarian regression analysis demonstrated that STMN-1 overexpression is an independent factor for lymph node metastasis in distal esophageal adenocarcinoma. STMN-1 shRNA effectively reduced STMN-1 expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells (P < 0.05), which significantly suppressed proliferation (P < 0.05), increased migration (P < 0.05) and invasion ability (P < 0.05) and G1 phase arrest (P < 0.05) which lead to induction of apoptosis in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells in vitro. To verify the in vitro data, we conducted in vivo tumor xenograft studies. Esophageal adenocarcinoma cells stably transfected with STMN-1 shRNA significantly reduced tumor xenografts volume in vivo. CONCLUSIONS STMN-1 overexpression is associated with lymph node metastasis and increase malignancy in distal esophageal adenocarcinoma. In vivo and in vitro laboratory findings, suggests that STMN-1 may be a suitable target for future therapeutic strategies in distal esophageal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Akhtar
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021 Shandong, China
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021 Shandong, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021 Shandong, China
| | - Che Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong 250021 P R China
| | - Chen-Sheng Li
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021 Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Long Shi
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021 Shandong, China
| | - Hong-Jun Liu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021 Shandong, China
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Silva VC, Cassimeris L. Stathmin and microtubules regulate mitotic entry in HeLa cells by controlling activation of both Aurora kinase A and Plk1. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 24:3819-31. [PMID: 24152729 PMCID: PMC3861079 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-02-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Depletion of stathmin, a microtubule (MT) destabilizer, delays mitotic entry by ∼4 h in HeLa cells. Stathmin depletion reduced the activity of CDC25 and its upstream activators, Aurora A and Plk1. Chemical inhibition of both Aurora A and Plk1 was sufficient to delay mitotic entry by 4 h, while inhibiting either kinase alone did not cause a delay. Aurora A and Plk1 are likely regulated downstream of stathmin, because the combination of stathmin knockdown and inhibition of Aurora A and Plk1 was not additive and again delayed mitotic entry by 4 h. Aurora A localization to the centrosome required MTs, while stathmin depletion spread its localization beyond that of γ-tubulin, indicating an MT-dependent regulation of Aurora A activation. Plk1 was inhibited by excess stathmin, detected in in vitro assays and cells overexpressing stathmin-cyan fluorescent protein. Recruitment of Plk1 to the centrosome was delayed in stathmin-depleted cells, independent of MTs. It has been shown that depolymerizing MTs with nocodazole abrogates the stathmin-depletion induced cell cycle delay; in this study, depolymerization with nocodazole restored Plk1 activity to near normal levels, demonstrating that MTs also contribute to Plk1 activation. These data demonstrate that stathmin regulates mitotic entry, partially via MTs, to control localization and activation of both Aurora A and Plk1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria C. Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015
| | - Lynne Cassimeris
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015
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Akhtar J, Wang Z, Zhang ZP, Bi MM. Lentiviral-mediated RNA interference targeting stathmin1 gene in human gastric cancer cells inhibits proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. J Transl Med 2013; 11:212. [PMID: 24040910 PMCID: PMC3848762 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is highly aggressive disease. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, the prognosis is still poor. Various genetic and molecular alterations are found in gastric cancer that underlies the malignant transformation of gastric mucosa during the multistep process of gastric cancer pathogenesis. The detailed mechanism of the gastric cancer development remains uncertain. In present study we investigated the potential role of stathmin1 gene in gastric cancer tumorigenesis and examined the usefulness of RNA interference (RNAi) targeting stathmin1 as a form of gastric cancer treatment. METHODS A lentiviral vector encoding a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeted against stathmin1 was constructed and transfected into the packaging cells HEK 293 T and the viral supernatant was collected to transfect MKN-45 cells. The transwell chemotaxis assay and the CCK-8 assay were used to measure migration and proliferation of tumor cells, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting were used to detect the expression levels of stathmin1. RESULTS Lentivirus mediated RNAi effectively reduced stathmin1 expression in gastric cells. Significant decreases in stathmin1 mRNA and protein expression were detected in gastric cells carrying lentiviral stathmin-shRNA vector and also significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration in gastric cancer cells and tumorigenicity in Xenograft Animal Models. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that stathmin1 overexpression is common in gastric cancer and may play a role in its pathogenesis. Lentivirus mediated RNAi effectively reduced stathmin1 expression in gastric cells. In summary, shRNA targeting of stathmin1 can effectively inhibits human gastric cancer cell growth in vivo and may be a potential therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Akhtar
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi Ping Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Ming Bi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 250021, Shandong, China
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Hindle AG, Martin SL. Cytoskeletal regulation dominates temperature-sensitive proteomic changes of hibernation in forebrain of 13-lined ground squirrels. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71627. [PMID: 23951209 PMCID: PMC3739743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
13-lined ground squirrels, Ictidomys tridecemlineatus, are obligate hibernators that transition annually between summer homeothermy and winter heterothermy – wherein they exploit episodic torpor bouts. Despite cerebral ischemia during torpor and rapid reperfusion during arousal, hibernator brains resist damage and the animals emerge neurologically intact each spring. We hypothesized that protein changes in the brain underlie winter neuroprotection. To identify candidate proteins, we applied a sensitive 2D gel electrophoresis method to quantify protein differences among forebrain extracts prepared from ground squirrels in two summer, four winter and fall transition states. Proteins that differed among groups were identified using LC-MS/MS. Only 84 protein spots varied significantly among the defined states of hibernation. Protein changes in the forebrain proteome fell largely into two reciprocal patterns with a strong body temperature dependence. The importance of body temperature was tested in animals from the fall; these fall animals use torpor sporadically with body temperatures mirroring ambient temperatures between 4 and 21°C as they navigate the transition between summer homeothermy and winter heterothermy. Unlike cold-torpid fall ground squirrels, warm-torpid individuals strongly resembled the homeotherms, indicating that the changes observed in torpid hibernators are defined by body temperature, not torpor per se. Metabolic enzymes were largely unchanged despite varied metabolic activity across annual and torpor-arousal cycles. Instead, the majority of the observed changes were cytoskeletal proteins and their regulators. While cytoskeletal structural proteins tended to differ seasonally, i.e., between summer homeothermy and winter heterothermy, their regulatory proteins were more strongly affected by body temperature. Changes in the abundance of various isoforms of the microtubule assembly and disassembly regulatory proteins dihydropyrimidinase-related protein and stathmin suggested mechanisms for rapid cytoskeletal reorganization on return to euthermy during torpor-arousal cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson G Hindle
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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Cao C, Wang L, Wang R, Dong C, Qing Y, Zhang X, Zhang J. Stathmin genotype is associated with reexperiencing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in Chinese earthquake survivors. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013; 44:296-300. [PMID: 23583473 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Stathmin (STMN1) has been demonstrated as a regulator of fear processing across species, which implicates that it may be important in the etiopathogenesis of fear-related psychiatric disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study examined the association between STMN1 rs182455 genotype, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located within or close to the putative transcriptional control region of STMN1 gene, and PTSD symptoms. A total of 326 Chinese adults who suffered from a deadly 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and unexpectedly lost their children during the disaster participated in this study. PTSD symptoms were measured with the PTSD Checklist (PCL). The Sequenom iPlex chemistries and the MassARRAY system were used to genotype the STMN1 rs182455 SNP. Our results indicated that the STMN1rs182455 genotype was not associated with severity of total PTSD symptoms in either females or males; however, it could significantly predict severity of PTSD's reexperiencing symptoms in females. The findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the important role of STMN1 in the development of PTSD, and expand extant knowledge on the genetic underpinnings of PTSD and the sex-specific expression of PTSD's symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Duncan JE, Lytle NK, Zuniga A, Goldstein LSB. The Microtubule Regulatory Protein Stathmin Is Required to Maintain the Integrity of Axonal Microtubules in Drosophila. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68324. [PMID: 23840848 PMCID: PMC3694009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal transport, a form of long-distance, bi-directional intracellular transport that occurs between the cell body and synaptic terminal, is critical in maintaining the function and viability of neurons. We have identified a requirement for the stathmin (stai) gene in the maintenance of axonal microtubules and regulation of axonal transport in Drosophila. The stai gene encodes a cytosolic phosphoprotein that regulates microtubule dynamics by partitioning tubulin dimers between pools of soluble tubulin and polymerized microtubules, and by directly binding to microtubules and promoting depolymerization. Analysis of stai function in Drosophila, which has a single stai gene, circumvents potential complications with studies performed in vertebrate systems in which mutant phenotypes may be compensated by genetic redundancy of other members of the stai gene family. This has allowed us to identify an essential function for stai in the maintenance of the integrity of axonal microtubules. In addition to the severe disruption in the abundance and architecture of microtubules in the axons of stai mutant Drosophila, we also observe additional neurological phenotypes associated with loss of stai function including a posterior paralysis and tail-flip phenotype in third instar larvae, aberrant accumulation of transported membranous organelles in stai deficient axons, a progressive bang-sensitive response to mechanical stimulation reminiscent of the class of Drosophila mutants used to model human epileptic seizures, and a reduced adult lifespan. Reductions in the levels of Kinesin-1, the primary anterograde motor in axonal transport, enhance these phenotypes. Collectively, our results indicate that stai has an important role in neuronal function, likely through the maintenance of microtubule integrity in the axons of nerves of the peripheral nervous system necessary to support and sustain long-distance axonal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason E. Duncan
- Department of Biology, Willamette University, Salem, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Nikki K. Lytle
- Department of Biology, Willamette University, Salem, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Alfredo Zuniga
- Department of Biology, Willamette University, Salem, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Lawrence S. B. Goldstein
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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Nánási T, Katonai ER, Sasvári-Székely M, Székely A. [Genetic aspects of the Stroop test]. Neuropsychopharmacol Hung 2012; 14:252-258. [PMID: 23269212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Impairment of executive control functions in depression is well documented, and performance on the Stroop Test is one of the most widely used markers to measure the decline. This tool provides reliable quantitative phenotype data that can be used efficiently in candidate gene studies investigating inherited components of executive control. Aim of the present review is to summarize research on genetic factors of Stroop performance. Interestingly, only a few such candidate gene studies have been carried out to date. Twin studies show a 30-60% heritability estimate for the Stroop test, suggesting a significant genetic component. A single genome-wide association study has been carried out on Stroop performance, and it did not show any significant association with any of the tested polymorphisms after correction for multiple testing. Candidate gene studies to date pointed to the polymorphisms of several neurotransmitter systems (dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine) and to the role of the APOE ε4 allele. Surprisingly, little is known about the genetic role of neurothrophic factors and survival factors. In conclusion, further studies are needed for clarifying the genetic background of Stroop performance, characterizing attentional functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Nánási
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Orvosi Vegytani, Molekuláris Biológiai és Patobiokémiai Intézete, Budapest, Hungary.
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