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Vasseur L, Andrade A. Using the Red List of Ecosystems and the Nature-based Solutions Global Standard as an integrated process for climate change adaptation in the Andean high mountains. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20220326. [PMID: 38643787 PMCID: PMC11033055 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Under anthropogenic pressures and climate change, most ecosystems are showing signs of reduced resilience. Unfortunately, some are more at risk of collapse and, without interventions, they may lose biodiversity, ecological integrity and ecosystem services. Here, we describe two tools that were developed under the auspices of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, the Red List of Ecosystems and the Nature-based Solutions Global Standard, and their capacity to first identify the ecosystems at risk of collapse in a nation and then develop solutions based on nature to improve their resilience. Nature-based solutions include, for example ecosystem-based adaptation, where solutions are developed to meet the needs of the local people while protecting nature to ensure greater resilience of the social-ecological system, not only the natural ecosystem. We discuss through a case study in the Andean high mountains and páramo social-ecological system how these approaches have been used in Colombia. We then discuss lessons learned and challenges that may reduce the capacity of a community to initiate such interventions, such as national policies and funding restrictions. We also discuss through another early case in Ecuador the importance to adapt these types of interventions to the geographical and cultural context of the social-ecological systems. This article is part of the theme issue 'Bringing nature into decision-making'.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Vasseur
- UNESCO Chair on Community Sustainability: from Local to Global, Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, ON, Canada L2S 3A1
- Commission on Ecosystem Management, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, 28 Rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland
| | - A. Andrade
- Conservation International-Colombia, Carrera 13 no. 71–41, Bogotá, Colombia 110221
- Commission on Ecosystem Management, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, 28 Rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland
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Andrade A, Fuchs EJ, Marzinke MA, Abdul Massih S, Breakey J, Beselman S, McNicholl I, Hendrix CW. EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF Bioequivalence Comparing Whole Tablets with Tablets Dissolved in Tap Water. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2023; 39:38-43. [PMID: 36301928 PMCID: PMC9910106 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2022.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Medication adherence can be challenging for persons with difficulty swallowing tablets. We investigated the bioequivalence of a dissolved tablet when compared with that of a whole tablet of the fixed-dose combination elvitegravir (EVG)/cobicistat (COBI)/emtricitabine (FTC)/tenofovir (TFV) alafenamide fumarate (TAF). A within-subject fixed-order two-period open-label study was conducted in 12 HIV-negative research participants after obtaining informed consent. Participants took a single dose each of the whole tablet and dissolved tablet under direct observation, separated by a 14-day washout period. The dissolved tablet was prepared by adding one whole EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF tablet to 120 mL tap water and stirring. Both dosage types were taken with a standardized meal. Plasma samples were obtained for 72 h postdose. Plasma EVG, FTC, TAF, and TFV were analyzed with liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric methods. Peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the concentration-time curve extrapolated to infinity (AUC0-∞) were estimated using WinNonlin software (v.8.3). The primary outcome was bioequivalence consistent with FDA guidance using the 90% confidence interval or the geometric mean ratio. Of 12 participants, 7 were black (58%) and 5 were white (42%), 4 were women (33%), 8 were men (67%), and the mean age was 43.6 years (23-54). There were no complaints about taste with the dissolved tablet. Bioequivalence was established only for FTC. EVG Cmax and AUC0-∞ were higher by 18% and 12%, respectively, when taking the dissolved compared with the whole tablet. TAF AUC0-∞ and Cmax were both 8% lower, whereas TFV Cmax and AUC0-∞ were 8% and 5% lower, respectively, when taken after dissolution. EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF dissolved rapidly in water and had no unpleasant taste. Increases in EVG and decreases in TAF and TFV concentrations were observed when taking dissolved EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF. These changes were judged to be clinically insignificant. Dissolving EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF in water may be suitable for those with pill swallowing challenges. The trial was registered on (//clinicaltrials.gov NCT03717129).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward J. Fuchs
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark A. Marzinke
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sandra Abdul Massih
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Breakey
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sasha Beselman
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Craig W. Hendrix
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Torres Vilarino G, Reis Coimbra D, Guimarães Bevilacqua G, Diotaiuti P, Falese L, Andrade A. Can different degrees of resistance training improve mood states in patients with fibromyalgia? A randomized controlled trial. Reumatismo 2022; 74. [PMID: 36580067 DOI: 10.4081/reumatismo.2022.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to look at the effects of low and high intensity resistance training (RT) on the mood states of fibromyalgia patients (FM). A total of 69 women participated in the study, with 31 healthy women serving as control group (HC), and 28 women diagnosed with FM being randomly assigned to one of two RT groups: low intensity or high intensity. Ten women diagnosed with FM formed a group of preferred intensity (PI). FM patients were subjected to 8 weeks of supervised RT with low, high, or PI doses. The exercise protocol was the same for both groups, with large muscle group exercises. Each intervention group performed a specific number of repetitions and rest periods based on the intensity. Training sessions took place twice a week. The HC received no type of intervention. The Brunel mood scale was used to assess mood states. When the mood profiles of patients with FM and healthy women were compared, patients with FM showed a worse mood profile. Low and high intensity RT for eight weeks did not improve the mood profile of FM patients. Anger showed a significant difference between LIRT and HIRT groups in the follow-up period (p=0.01); similarly significant differences between HIRT and HC were seen at baseline and at the 4 week evaluation in vigor (p=0.01 and p=0.001) and fatigue (p=0.01 and p=0.03). FM patients have a worse mood profile than healthy women, and eight weeks of low and high intensity RT did not result in significant improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Torres Vilarino
- Department of Physical Education, Santa Catarina State University - UDESC, Florianópolis.
| | - D Reis Coimbra
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Life Sciences Institute, ICV, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Governador Valadares, MG.
| | - G Guimarães Bevilacqua
- Department of Physical Education, Santa Catarina State University - UDESC, Florianópolis.
| | - P Diotaiuti
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Cassino (FR).
| | - L Falese
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Cassino (FR).
| | - A Andrade
- Department of Physical Education, Santa Catarina State University - UDESC, Florianópolis.
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Andrade A, Poth T, Brobeil A, Merle U, Chamulitrat W. iPLA2β-Null Mice Show HCC Protection by an Induction of Cell-Cycle Arrest after Diethylnitrosamine Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213760. [PMID: 36430237 PMCID: PMC9697657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Group VIA phospholipase A2 (iPLA2β) play diverse biological functions in epithelial cells and macrophages. Global deletion in iPLA2β-null (KO) mice leads to protection against hepatic steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, in part, due to the replenishment of the loss of hepatocellular phospholipids. As the loss of phospholipids also occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we hypothesized that global deletion in KO mice may lead to protection against HCC. Here, HCC induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was chosen because DEN causes direct injury to the hepatocytes. Male wild-type (WT) and KO mice at 3-5 weeks of age (12-13 mice/group) were subjected to a single intraperitoneal treatment with 10 mg/kg DEN, and mice were killed 12 months later. Analyses of histology, plasma cytokines, and gene expression were performed. Due to the low-dose DEN used, we observed a liver nodule in 3 of 13 WT and 2 of 12 KO mice. Only one DEN-treated WT mouse was confirmed to have HCC. DEN-treated KO mice did not show any HCC but showed suppressed hepatic expression of cell-cycle cyclinD2 and BCL2 as well as inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-10, and VCAM-1. Notably, DEN-treated KO mice showed increased hepatic necrosis and elevated levels of plasma lactate dehydrogenase suggesting an exacerbation of liver injury. Thus, global iPLA2β deficiency in DEN-treated mice rendered HCC protection by an induction of cell-cycle arrest. Our results suggest the role of iPLA2β inhibition in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Andrade
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology and Infectious Disease), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tanja Poth
- Center for Model System and Comparative Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Brobeil
- Tissuebank of the NCT, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Merle
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology and Infectious Disease), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walee Chamulitrat
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology and Infectious Disease), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Braganca B, Oliveira I, Cruz I, Lopes RG, Queiros C, Pinto P, Andrade A. The workload-indexed blood pressure response predicts cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Abnormal blood arterial pressure response to exercise (BPR) is a cardiovascular (CV) risk factor (CVRF). The concept of pathological BPR, believed to be an excessive raise or decrease, has been challenged. The workload-indexed blood pressure response (WBPR) recently emerged in an attempt to normalize hypertensive responses to exercise. However, it remains to be explored its value in high-risk CV subjects.
Purpose
Evaluation of the predictive value of WBPR in the occurrence of CV events and death in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.
Methods
A cohort of 318 patients with known CAD, who underwent Bruce protocol treadmill testing between 2009–2010, were retrospectively followed to 11/2021 (9.9±2.3 years) to assess the predictive value of WBPR for the occurrence of death and CV events. The WBPR is the ratio between systolic blood pressure variation from rest to peak exercise (ΔSBP) and metabolic equivalent of task (MET-1). High and low WBPR groups were created based on median value for this sample (5.2 mmHg/MET). Data presented: mean ± standard deviation; 95% confidence interval (CI) for hazard ratios (HR); significance between groups p<0.05.
Results
Low vs high WBPR groups were similar at baseline for sex (88% male, p=0.67), hypertension (63%, p=0.18), diabetes (32%, p=0.34); dyslipidemia (72%, p=0.62), myocardial infarction (75%, p=0.39) and heart failure (HF) (9.9%, p=0.07), with exception for overweight/obesity (90% vs 82%, p=0.009) and age (57±11 vs 61±8 years, p=0.009) that were higher in the high-WBPR group. No significant differences were found between groups for medication at baseline, including anti-hypertensive, anti-thrombotic or anti-ischemic drugs. In the follow-up period occurred 43 deaths (12 CV deaths), 58 reinfarctions, 94 worsening/de novo HF and 29 strokes. A non-linear J-shaped relationship was observed between WBPR and most events. In the event-free survival analyses using Cox regression, the high-WBPR group was associated with all death (HR 2.0 (CI 1.0–3.9, p=0.042), reinfarction (HR 2.3 (CI 1.2–4.1, p=0.008), and worsening/de novo HF (HR 1.7 (CI 1.0–2.9, p=0.043) after adjusting for baseline age, CVRFs and medication. In receiver operating characteristic curves, adding WBPR to a model with other cardiac stress variables (double product, ST-T changes, symptoms, and test positivity) significantly improved the power to predict all death, with an area under curve of 0.73 (CI 0.66–0.80, p=0.037).
Conclusions
Data shows that WBPR is a powerful independent predictor of future cardiovascular events and deaths in CAD patients. This highlights cardiac exercise stress testing as an important risk assessment tool in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Braganca
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa , Penafiel , Portugal
| | - I Oliveira
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa , Penafiel , Portugal
| | - I Cruz
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa , Penafiel , Portugal
| | - R G Lopes
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa , Penafiel , Portugal
| | - C Queiros
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa , Penafiel , Portugal
| | - P Pinto
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa , Penafiel , Portugal
| | - A Andrade
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa , Penafiel , Portugal
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Coyle L, Gallagher C, Graney N, Hughes K, Kukla L, Paliga R, Andrade A, Joshi A, Macaluso G, Pauwaa S, Pillarella J, Sciamanna C, Cotts W, Narang N, Pappas P, Tatooles A, Chau V. Outcomes in Patients with Commercial HeartMate 3 LVAD: A Comparative Analysis of Non-Trial versus Trial Like Cohorts. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Raju V, Hiner E, Imamura T, Singh A, Monaco J, Kabbany M, Pillarella J, Joshi A, Sciamanna C, Andrade A, Dia M, Pauwaa S, Macaluso G, Cotts W, Coyle L, Cross C, Alexander P, Pappas P, Tatooles A, Chau V, Narang N. Adverse Events of Temporary Extracorporeal Right Ventricular Assist Devices Placed with Durable Left Ventricular Assist Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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8
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Hristakos N, Raju V, Adams J, Andrade A, Chau V, Cotts W, Dia M, Joshi A, Narang N, Pauwaa S, Pillarella J, Sciamanna C, Pappas P, Tatooles A, Tedford R, Macaluso G. Does Hemodynamic Response to Inotropes Predict Early Right Heart Failure After LVAD Implantation? J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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9
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Kalapurakal G, Tolia S, Ziccardi MR, Rajyaguru C, Kabbany M, Monaco J, Pillarella J, Joshi A, Sciamanna C, Andrade A, Dia M, Macaluso G, Pauwaa S, Cotts W, Tatooles A, Pappas P, Chau V, Narang N. Improved Hemodynamic Response Following Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Support in Patients with Heart Failure Related Cardiogenic Shock and Severe Right Ventricle Dysfunction. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Pillarella J, Chau V, Rajyaguru C, Kabbany M, Monaco J, Joshi A, Sciamanna C, Andrade A, Dia M, Pauwaa S, Macaluso G, Pappas P, Tatooles A, Cotts W, Narang N. Predictive Accuracy of Hemodynamic Surrogate Indices in Patients with Advanced Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Barros T, Soares C, Andrade A, Moreira C, Guedes-Martins L, Braga J. 213 Case report: fetal malformations and 3P22.2P21.2 Deletion. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Andrade A, Dias J, Castro L, Gonçalves D, Braga A, Vieira L, Braga J. 191 Giving birth with COVID-19. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022. [PMCID: PMC8941274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.11.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Presti RM, Yeh E, Williams B, Landay A, Jacobson JM, Wilson C, Fichtenbaum CJ, Utay NS, Dube MP, Klingman KL, Estes JD, Flynn JK, Loftin A, Brenchley JM, Andrade A, Kitch DW, Overton ET. A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Assessing the Effect of VISBIOME ES Probiotic in People With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab550. [PMID: 34888397 PMCID: PMC8651169 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A5350, a phase II, randomized, double-blind study, evaluated the safety and tolerability of the probiotic Visbiome Extra Strength (ES) over 24 weeks and measured effects on inflammation and intestinal barrier function. METHODS The primary outcome was change in soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels; secondary outcomes included safety and tolerability, markers of inflammation and cellular activation, and microbiome. In a substudy, gut permeability was assessed by paired colonic biopsies measuring the area of lamina propria occupied by CD4+ cells, interleukin (IL)-17+ cells, and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Changes between arms were compared with the 2-sample t test with equal variance or the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. For safety, the highest graded adverse events (AEs) were compared between arms using the Fisher exact test. RESULTS Overall, 93 participants enrolled: 86% male, median age 51 years, median CD4 count 712 cells/mm3. Visbiome ES was safe and well tolerated. There was no difference in mean change in sCD14 from baseline to week 25/26 between placebo (mean change, 92.3 µg/L; 95% CI, -48.5 to 233 µg/L) and Visbiome ES (mean change, 41.0 µg/L; 95% CI, -94.1 to 176.2 µg/L; P=.60). Similarly, no statistically significant differences between arms in inflammatory marker changes were identified. In substudy participants, no statistical differences between arms for change in cellular marker expression or gut permeability were observed (P>.05 for all). The microbiome demonstrated increased probiotic species and a significant decrease in Gammaproteobacteria (P=.044) in the Visbiome ES arm. CONCLUSIONS Visbiome ES was safe and altered the microbiome but demonstrated no effect on systemic inflammatory markers, pathology, or gut permeability in antiretroviral therapy-treated people with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Presti
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Eunice Yeh
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Alan Landay
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Jacobson
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Cara Wilson
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Netanya S Utay
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Michael P Dube
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Jacob D Estes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jacob K Flynn
- Barrier Immunity Section, Lab of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amanda Loftin
- Barrier Immunity Section, Lab of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jason M Brenchley
- Barrier Immunity Section, Lab of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Douglas W Kitch
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edgar T Overton
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Andreato L, Leite A, Ladeia G, Follmer B, de Paula Ramos S, Coswig V, Andrade A, Branco B. Aerobic and anaerobic performance of lower- and upper-body in Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes. Sci Sports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Tolia S, Ahmed S, Adams J, Morreale C, Paliga R, Aicher T, Coyle L, Narang N, Pillarella J, Joshi A, Sciamanna C, Tatooles A, Pappas P, Cotts W, Andrade A. The impact of psychiatric diagnoses on two-year outcomes in patients with ventricular assist devices. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A multi-specialty approach is required during patient selection for left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. In addition to a comprehensive medical evaluation, patients undergo an extensive psychiatric work up to ensure their candidacy when pursuing durable support devices. We aim to analyze the impact of psychiatric illnesses on 2-year outcomes after VAD implantation.
Methods
This study was a single center, retrospective analysis of 263 patients who underwent durable LVAD implantation between 2015 and 2017. All patients were evaluated by a single specialist during their work up for LVAD implantation. Patients who had a pre-existing diagnosis defined by criteria outlined in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) were assigned to the History of Psychiatric Diagnosis group. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-Square and Student's t-tests, wherein p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Of the 263 patients, 68 patients were found to have a history of psychiatric illness compared to 195 who had no previous diagnosis. Of those with a psychiatric history, 30.8% had Depression, 1.5% had Bipolar disorder, 22.1% had Anxiety, 1.5% had PTSD, and 16.2% had more than one diagnosis. 19.5% of patients with no history went on to be transplanted compared to 22.1% of patients with a psychiatric history (p=0.65). No significant difference was found between length of stay, days to readmission, 30-day survival, and 2-year survival. Patients without a psychiatric history were found to have fewer number of readmissions over 2 years (p<0.01) (See Table). No significant difference was seen in complications including driveline infections, bacteremia, cerebrovascular accidents, pump thromboses, pump hemolysis, or major bleeding events (See Table).
Conclusion
Psychosocial characteristics play a significant role in determining a patient's candidacy for LVAD implantation. Although patients with a history of psychiatric illness were found to have a greater number of readmissions, this did not correlate to poorer outcomes or increased morbidity and mortality over 2 years. This study highlights the importance of taking a multi-faceted approach when determining patient eligibility for mechanical support devices. Future studies with larger population models should be conducted.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tolia
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - S Ahmed
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - J Adams
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - C Morreale
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - R Paliga
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - T Aicher
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - L Coyle
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - N Narang
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - J Pillarella
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - A Joshi
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - C Sciamanna
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - A Tatooles
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - P Pappas
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - W Cotts
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - A Andrade
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
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Tolia S, Khan M, Khan S, Alexander D, Soltys M, Kamba K, Brennan S, Adhikari S, Hussain S, Joshi A, Sciamanna C, Narang N, Pillarella J, Cotts W, Andrade A. Mortality and long-term outcomes of palliative inotropes in ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Palliative inotropes are frequently utilized for symptom management in patients with end stage heart failure who are unable to undergo durable advanced heart failure therapies. With the advent of improved medical management and early intervention, palliative inotropes may allow for improved patient outcomes than seen previously. In this study, we aim to investigate the survival and outcomes of palliative inotrope therapy and its impacts on ischemic versus non-ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 220 patients with American Heart Association Stage D heart failure who were discharged with palliative inotrope therapy after January 1, 2010. Patients who underwent mechanical circulatory support (MCS) or those who underwent heart transplant were excluded. Those with a history of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, history of percutaneous intervention, or coronary artery bypass grafting were assigned to ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), while patients without these findings were assigned to non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). Statistical analysis was completed using Chi-Square and Student's t-tests, wherein p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Of the 220 patients, 87 had NICM as opposed to 133 with ICM. Mean age was found to be higher among patients with ICM (70 [62–79]) compared to NICM (65 [55–72], p-value <0.01). No significant difference was seen in total days on inotrope therapy (p=0.6). While more patients in both groups were placed on milrinone as opposed to dobutamine, there was no difference between patients with ischemic and NICM (p=0.66 and 0.51 respectively). Although a greater number of patients with NICM had been lost to follow up, admitted to hospice, or expired at 2 years (p<0.01), survival at 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years showed no difference between both groups. No difference was seen in number of hospitalizations or clinic visits in one year. Both groups had similar complication rates with intravenous-access related PICC line infections and new arrhythmias. (See Table).
Conclusion
Despite more frequent use of durable mechanical support devices, many patients who are deemed unsuitable for invasive measures are treated with palliative inotrope therapy. We have found that there is no significant difference in survival, complications, and outcomes of patients on palliative inotropes among ischemic and NICM. These findings show the versatility of palliative inotrope therapy in end stage heart failure. Further studies with larger populations need to be evaluated.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tolia
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - M Khan
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - S Khan
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - D Alexander
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - M Soltys
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - K Kamba
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - S Brennan
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - S Adhikari
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - S Hussain
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - A Joshi
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - C Sciamanna
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - N Narang
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - J Pillarella
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - W Cotts
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - A Andrade
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
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17
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Hussain S, Zero N, Al-Saadi T, Asghar M, Glowacki N, Andrade A, Sciamanna C, Joshi A, Dia M, Macaluso G, Tatooles A, Pappas P, Cotts W, Pauwaa S. Cerebrovascular accidents in patients supported with veno-arterial extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation- is duration of support important? Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of study
Veno-Arterial Extra-corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is indicated for refractory cardiac and/or respiratory failure. Adverse events remain considerable despite best practices. We specifically aimed to understand risk factors associated with cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) in patients who underwent VA-ECMO support.
Methods
We retrospectively assessed all VA-ECMO patients from 2007 to 2019 at our institution. We identified those who experienced a CVA while supported by VA-ECMO. Patients with the primary event (CVA) were matched to controls (no CVA) based on age and sex. Comparisons were made between groups using McNemar's, Mantel-Haenszel, and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank tests where appropriate.
Results
Of the 278 VA-ECMO patients in the registry, 32 patients who experienced a CVA were identified; 24 (8.6%) ischemic and 8 (2.9%) hemorrhagic. Median age was 59.5 years (inter-quartile range: 49–65 years) and 75% of patients were males. Hypertension, diabetes, CAD and CHF were common co-morbidities (Table 1). Cardiogenic shock was the most common indication for VA-ECMO support in both cohorts, 75% in cases and 71.9% in controls. Cannulation strategies were identified as central or peripheral. There was a significant association of duration of VA-ECMO support with incidence of CVA, with a p-value of 0.03. Regression analysis showed a trend of increased risk of CVA by 4% for each additional day on VA-ECMO, however, this was not statistically significant (Odds ratio: 1.04; confidence interval 1.00–1.08). Most common outcome was death followed by decannulation to recovery and bridge to LVAD.
Conclusion
Ischemic and hemorrhagic CVAs are not uncommon during VA-ECMO support. Our case control study shows an association of duration of VA-ECMO support with incidence of CVA. This underscores the importance of timely assessment and weaning or bridging of VA-ECMO patients to their next management step.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hussain
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - N Zero
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - T Al-Saadi
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - M Asghar
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - N Glowacki
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - A Andrade
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - C Sciamanna
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - A Joshi
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - M Dia
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - G Macaluso
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - A Tatooles
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - P Pappas
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - W Cotts
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - S Pauwaa
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Oak Lawn, United States of America
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18
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Peixoto R, Coutinho A, Weschenfelder R, Prolla G, da Rocha Filho D, Andrade A, Rego J, Dos Santos Fernandes G, Crosara Teixeira M, Hoff P, Costa e Silva M, Dienstmann R, Riechelmann R. P-47 5-fluorouracil bolus use in infusional regimens among oncologists: A survey by Brazilian Group of Gastrointestinal Tumors. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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19
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Pfurtscheller G, Schwerdtfeger AR, Rassler B, Andrade A, Schwarz G. MRI-related anxiety can induce slow BOLD oscillations coupled with cardiac oscillations. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:2083-2090. [PMID: 34284243 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although about 1-2% of MRI examinations must be aborted due to anxiety, there is little research on how MRI-related anxiety affects BOLD signals in resting states. METHODS We re-analyzed cardiac beat-to beat interval (RRI) and BOLD signals of 23 healthy fMRI participants in four resting states by calculation of phase-coupling in the 0.07-0.13 Hz band and determination of positive time delays (pTDs; RRI leading neural BOLD oscillations) and negative time delays (nTDs; RRI lagging behind vascular BOLD oscillations). State anxiety of each subject was assigned to either a low anxiety (LA) or a high anxiety (HA, with most participants exhibiting moderate anxiety symptoms) category based on the inside scanner assessed anxiety score. RESULTS Although anxiety strongly differed between HA and LA categories, no significant difference was found for nTDs. In contrast, pTDs indicating neural BOLD oscillations exhibited a significant cumulation in the high anxiety category. CONCLUSIONS Findings may suggest that vascular BOLD oscillations related to slow cerebral blood circulation are of about similar intensity during low/no and elevated anxiety. In contrast, neural BOLD oscillations, which might be associated with a central rhythm generating mechanism (pacemaker-like activity), appear to be significantly intensified during elevated anxiety. SIGNIFICANCE The study provides evidence that fMRI-related anxiety can activate a central rhythm generating mechanism very likely located in the brain stem, associated with slow neural BOLD oscillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pfurtscheller
- Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A R Schwerdtfeger
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - B Rassler
- Carl-Ludwig-Institute of Physiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Andrade
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - G Schwarz
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Andrade A, Gavrilos G, Pillarella J, Narang N, Sciamanna C, Pauwaa S, Macaluso G, Cotts W, Tatooles A, Pappas P. 1,2,3: Use of Ang II in a HM3. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.2121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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21
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Masters MC, Perez J, Wu K, Ellis RJ, Goodkin K, Koletar SL, Andrade A, Yang J, Brown TT, Palella FJ, Sacktor N, Tassiopoulos K, Erlandson KM. Baseline Neurocognitive Impairment (NCI) Is Associated With Incident Frailty but Baseline Frailty Does Not Predict Incident NCI in Older Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:680-688. [PMID: 34398957 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurocognitive impairment (NCI) and frailty are more prevalent among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, PWH) compared to those without HIV. Frailty and NCI often overlap with one another. Whether frailty precedes declines in neurocognitive function among PWH or vice versa has not been well established. METHODS AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5322 is an observational cohort study of older PWH. Participants undergo annual assessments for NCI and frailty. ACTG A5322 participants who developed NCI as indexed by tests of impaired executive functioning and processing speed during the first 3 years were compared to persons who maintained normal cognitive function; those who demonstrated resolution of NCI were compared to those who had persistent NCI. Participants were similarly compared by frailty trajectory. We fit multinomial logistic regression models to assess associations between baseline covariates (including NCI) and frailty, and associations between baseline covariates (including frailty) and NCI. RESULTS In total, 929 participants were included with a median age of 51 years (interquartile range [IQR] 46-56). At study entry, 16% had NCI, and 6% were frail. Over 3 years, 6% of participants developed NCI; 5% developed frailty. NCI was associated with development of frailty (odds ratio [OR] = 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .94, 4.48; P = .07). Further adjustment for confounding strengthened this association (OR = 2.79; 95% CI = 1.21, 6.43; P = .02). Baseline frailty however was not associated with NCI development. CONCLUSIONS NCI was associated with increased risk of frailty, but frailty was not associated with development of NCI. These findings suggest that the presence of NCI in PWH should prompt monitoring for the development of frailty and interventions to prevent frailty in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Clare Masters
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jeremiah Perez
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kunling Wu
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ronald J Ellis
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Karl Goodkin
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | | | | | - Todd T Brown
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Frank J Palella
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ned Sacktor
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Neto A, Oliveira I, Cruz I, Seabra D, Pontes Dos Santos R, Andrade A, Azevedo J, Pinto P. What if HCM Risk-SCD was assessed with CMR maximum LV wall thickness measurements? Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction
The HCM Risk-SCD estimates the risk of sudden cardiac death at 5 years in patients (pts) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). According to ESC Guidelines, in pts with a 5-year risk of SCD <4%, an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is generally not indicated, in pts with a risk of 4 to less than 6%, an ICD may be considered and in pts with a 5-year risk ≥6%, an ICD should be considered. The association between the degree of LVH and sudden cardiac death (SCD) has been based on measurements of maximum LVWT by echocardiography which is part of HCM Risk-SCD score. However, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has shown a superior resolution in characterization of cardiac structures, with additional role in SCD risk stratification. Whether measurements of LVWT by echocardiography and CMR are interchangeable has been brought to question.
Purpose
We sought to evaluate the incidence of discrepant measurements of maximal LVWT between echocardiography and CMR and determine its implication in HCM Risk-SCD score and ICD indication.
Methods
Unicentric, retrospective analysis of pts submitted to CMR who had HCM as definitive diagnosis, between 1/2013 and 9/2019. CMR and echocardiographic measures were compared, as well as HCM Risk-SCD score calculated with these values (maximum LVWT was the only variable that differed between measures). Subsequently, pts were divided in three groups according to HCM Risk-SCD score: pts with a 5-year risk of SCD <4% (G1), risk of 4 to less than 6% (G2) and risk ≥6% (G3).
Results
Out of the 781 CMR studies evaluated, 59 pts were found to have HCM (7.6%) with mean age of 62 ± 11 years and female predominance (50.8%). 12 pts had obstructive phenotype (20.3%). Mean LVWT was 20.0 ± 4.6mm when measured by CMR and 18.8 ± 4.6mm by echo; when comparing the measures by echo with CMR, there was a positive correlation between them (p < 0.001; r 0.719). Mean HCM Risk-SCD was 2.80 ± 1.51% when measured by CMR and 2.69 ± 1.53% by echo; there was a positive correlation between these measures too (p < 0.001; r 0.963). Maximum LV thickness evaluated by CMR showed a positive correlation (p = 0.006, r 0.384) with the HCM risk-score assessed by CMR. Only 1 pt changed risk group with CMR measurement of maximum LVWT (from G1 to G2). Conclusion: In this cohort, there was a positive, linear relationship between maximum LVWT and HCM Risk-SCD score measured by CMR and echocardiogram. Only 1 pt changed risk stratification group (5-year risk of SCD <4% to 4 to less than 6%). Although CMR measurements, when interpreted correctly, are more precise compared with echocardiography, in this cohort there was no impact on the patient"s future clinical orientation regarding ICD implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Neto
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa, Cardiology, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - I Oliveira
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa, Cardiology, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - I Cruz
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa, Cardiology, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - D Seabra
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa, Cardiology, Penafiel, Portugal
| | | | - A Andrade
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa, Cardiology, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - J Azevedo
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa, Cardiology, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - P Pinto
- Hospital Centre do Tamega e Sousa, Cardiology, Penafiel, Portugal
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23
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Gandhi RT, Tashima KT, Smeaton LM, Vu V, Ritz J, Andrade A, Eron JJ, Hogg E, Fichtenbaum CJ. Long-term Outcomes in a Large Randomized Trial of HIV-1 Salvage Therapy: 96-Week Results of AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5241 (OPTIONS). J Infect Dis 2021; 221:1407-1415. [PMID: 31135883 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-term (48-week) results of the OPTIONS trial showed that nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) can be safely omitted from salvage therapy as long as the regimen has a cumulative activity of >2 active antiretroviral medications. The long-term durability of this approach and outcomes in persons who have more-extensive HIV-1 drug resistance are uncertain. METHODS Participants with virologic failure and anticipated antiretroviral susceptibility received an optimized regimen and were randomized to omit or add NRTIs. A separate group with more resistance (cumulative activity ≤2 active agents) received an optimized regimen including NRTIs. RESULTS At week 96, among 360 participants randomized to omit or add NRTIs, 70% and 65% had HIV-1 RNA <200 copies/mL, respectively. Virologic failure was uncommon after week 48. Younger age and starting fewer new antiretroviral medications were associated with higher odds of virologic failure. In the highly resistant group, 53% had HIV-1 RNA <200 copies/mL at week 96. CONCLUSIONS HIV-1 salvage therapy can safely omit NRTIs without compromising efficacy or durability of response as long as the new regimen has a cumulative activity of >2 active drugs. Younger people and those receiving fewer new antiretrovirals require careful monitoring. Even among individuals with more-extensive resistance, most achieve virologic suppression. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT00537394.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen T Tashima
- Miriam Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Laura M Smeaton
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vincent Vu
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Justin Ritz
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adriana Andrade
- Division of AIDS, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph J Eron
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Maryland
| | - Evelyn Hogg
- Social and Scientific Systems, Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland
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24
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Martin R, Garcia-Arumí C, Andrade A, Bisbe L. Endothelial deposits of exfoliative material imaged by slit lamp photography and high definition anterior segment optical coherence tomography. J Fr Ophtalmol 2020; 44:284-286. [PMID: 33127180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2020.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Martin
- Department of ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - C Garcia-Arumí
- Department of ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Andrade
- Department of ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Bisbe
- Department of ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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Khan M, Saadi T, Adhikari S, Hussain S, Asghar M, Kamba K, Soltys M, Morreale C, Glowacki N, Joshi A, Pauwaa S, Sciamanna C, Dia M, Macaluso G, Andrade A, Cotts W. The Association of BMI and Diabetes Mellitus with Mortality in End Stage Heart Failure Patients on Inotropes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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26
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Saadi TA, Andrade A, Munro J, Khan M, Asghar M, Hussain S, Pauwaa S, Macaluso G, Joshi A, Sciamanna C, Dia M, Bresticker M, Tatooles A, Pappas P, Cotts W. Outcomes of Pre- Heart Transplantation Desensitization in Highly Sensitized Patients Bridged with Left Ventricular Assist Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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27
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Pieri N, Botigelli R, de Souza A, Recchia K, de Castro R, Meirelles F, Bressan F, Andrade A. 219 Invitro culture environment influences the ability to generate porcine primordial germ cell-like from induced pluripotent stem cells. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to generate primordial germ cell-like (PGCLs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in swine could greatly contribute to regenerative medicine. Herein, we aimed to generate porcine PGCLs (ipPGCLs) from iPSCs derived from different culture systems. Porcine (p)iPSCs from fibroblasts of stillborn animals (n=3) were transduced with lentiviral vectors containing murine OCT4, SOX2, c-MYC, and KLF4 cDNAs and maintained in iPSC medium on mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The cells were divided into three groups: (1) supplemented with 10ngmL−1 basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and murine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), (2) only bFGF, or (3) only LIF. The piPSC colonies were generated and characterised for pluripotency. To induce piPSCs into ipPGCLs, three or more cell lines from each culture condition (after passage 20) were differentiated into epiblast stem cell-like cells (EpiLCs) by culture with 20ngmL−1 Activin A, 12ngmL−1 bFGF, and 1% knockout serum replacement (KSR) for 2 days. Then, cells were further induced to differentiate by nonadherent culture and supplementation with 500ngmL−1 bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)4, 500ngmL−1 BMP8a, LIF, 100ngmL−1 stem cell factor (SCF), and 50ngmL−1 epidermal growth factor for 4 days. The ipPGCLs were characterised by cell morphology and detection of germ cell markers by immunofluorescence and gene expression. Statistical analysis was determined by one-way ANOVA (Prism Software). Co-location quantification was determined using the plugin Colocalization Threshold in Image J software (National Institutes of Health). On average, the efficiency rate of iPSC generation was 71% for the iPSCs-bFGF group, 17% for the LIF group, and 85% for the bFGF+LIF group. All iPSCs colonies were positive for alkaline phosphatase and OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, TRA1-60, TRA1-81, SSEA1, and SSEA4 by immunofluorescence. Embryoid body assay revealed that the piPSCs were able to differentiate into three germ layers. The culture condition did not influence the expression of OCT4, NANOG, and KLF4 based on qRT-PCR, however; SOX2 was upregulated in the LIF group (P<0.05). The ipPGCLs generated showed a round morphology. Analysis of endogenous pluripotent genes OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG throughout differentiation (fibroblasts, iPSCs, EpiLCs, and PGCLs) revealed a mild upregulation in ipPGCLs, while OCT4 was slightly downregulated in ipPGCLs from iPSCs-LIF group. PRDM14 and STELLA were not observed in ipPGCLs, although BLIMP1 was present; DAZL and VASA were mildly upregulated. The STELLA, VASA, OCT4, and SOX2 proteins were detected in ipPGCLs, and DAZL was detected only in ipPGCLs from the iPSCs-FGF group. Protein co-localization analysis showed that ipPGCLs from the iPSCs-FGF group were 100% OCT4+STELLA-positive, 55% positive for DAZL+SOX2, and 66% positive for VASA+NANOG; for the LIF group: 99.3% were OCT4+STELLA positive, DAZL was not detected, 95.2% were positive for SOX2 and 85.6% for VASA+NANOG. In the bFGF+LIF group, 95.8% were positive for OCT4+STELLA, DAZL and SOX2 were not observed, and 70% were positive for VASA+NANOG. Exogenous reprogramming factors were still expressed and did not differ between groups. These results indicate that, under our conditions, the iPSCs-FGF group may represent the best culture condition for induction into ipPGCLs.
Financial support for this study was provided by FAPESP (2015/25564-0 and 2015/26818-5).
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28
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Masters MC, Perez J, Tassiopoulos K, Andrade A, Ellis R, Yang J, Brown TT, Palella FJ, Erlandson KM. Gait Speed Decline Is Associated with Hemoglobin A1C, Neurocognitive Impairment, and Black Race in Persons with HIV. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2019; 35:1065-1073. [PMID: 31468979 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gait speed declines at a faster rate in persons with HIV (PWH) than in the general population but the risk factors associated with this decline are not well understood. In the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5322 (HAILO, HIV Infection, Aging, and Immune Function Long-term Observational Study), an observational cohort study of PWH ≥40 years of age, those who developed slow gait during the first 3 years of follow-up were compared with persons who maintained normal speed. Associations with demographic and clinical covariates were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Of 929 participants, 81% were men, 31% Black, and 20% Hispanic. Median age was 51 years [interquartile range (IQR) = 46-56]. At study entry, 92% had plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/mL with median CD4 count 631 cells/mm3 (IQR = 458-840). At study entry, 7% of participants had slow gait, 16% had neurocognitive impairment (NCI), and 12% had diabetes. Over 3 years, 87% maintained normal gait speed, 3% maintained a slow gait, 6% developed a slow gait, and 4% improved from slow to normal gait speed. In multivariable models, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) percentage, per one unit increase [odds ratio (OR) = 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-1.81; p = .033], NCI (OR = 3.47; 95% CI = 1.57-7.69 p = .002), and black versus white race (OR = 2.45; 95% CI = 1.08-5.59; p = .032) at entry were significantly associated with development of slow gait compared with those maintaining normal gait speed. The association between baseline HbA1C and development of slow gait speed highlights an intervenable target to prevent progression of physical function limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Clare Masters
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeremiah Perez
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katherine Tassiopoulos
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Ronald Ellis
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Jingyan Yang
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Todd T. Brown
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, & Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Frank J. Palella
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Andrade A, De Azevedo Klumb Steffens R, Mendes Sieczkowska S, Reis Coimbra D, Torres Vilarino G. Acute effect of strength training on mood of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. Reumatismo 2019; 71:141-147. [PMID: 31649381 DOI: 10.4081/reumatismo.2019.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) is a musculoskeletal disorder characterized by chronic pain and frequently associated changes in mood states. The aim of this study was to analyze the acute effect of strength training (ST) sessions on the mood states of patients with fibromyalgia. A total of 110 FM patients were eligible for this study. After the inclusion criteria, twenty-eight women with FM (mean age: 51.88±10.22 years) performed three sessions of ST. Each training session worked the main muscle groups and lasted 60 min. Three sets of 12 repetitions were performed with 1-min intervals between them. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline, after one session, and after three ST sessions. The Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) was used to assess mood states, and the Wilcoxon test was used to verify differences in mood after one and three ST sessions. The ST practice had positive effects on the patients' mood states after a single session. Reductions in anger, mental confusion, mood depression, fatigue, and tension were observed. The results of the 3rd ST session were similar. We concluded that a single ST session was sufficient to improve the mood states of patients with fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Andrade
- Health and Sports Science Center, Santa Catarina State University.
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Flores-Maldonado OE, Montoya AM, Andrade A, González GM, Aguilar-Fernández SA, Elizondo-Zertuche M, Chacón-Salinas R, Rocha-Rodríguez H, Becerril-García MA. Evaluation of the Induction of Cell-Mediated Immunity Against Candida albicans in a Model of Cutaneous Infection in Newborn 0-Day-Old Mice. Mycopathologia 2019; 184:747-757. [PMID: 31637573 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-019-00398-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is a commensal fungus of the skin and mucous membranes in humans, but it is also responsible for mucocutaneous and systemic infections in immunocompromised patients like low birth weight neonates and premature newborns. The epicutaneous application of C. albicans is widely used to study the immune response against this pathogen in adult mice models. However, the immune response of newborns against infections caused by the genus Candida is poorly understood. In order to mimic premature human infection, we developed a model of C. albicans epicutaneous infection in newborn mice. We found that yeasts were able to colonize while the pseudohyphae invaded the epidermis. Recruitment of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells at the infection zone was observed. Fungal invasion, fungal burden and cellular infiltration displayed a time- and dose-dependent response. Interestingly, newborn mice were able to control C. albicans primary infection. Finally, we showed that the epicutaneous infection of C. albicans in newborn mice at birth results in the induction of cell-mediated immunity as evinced by delayed-type hypersensitivity assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- O E Flores-Maldonado
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I Madero and Dr. Aguirre-Pequeño, 64460, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - A M Montoya
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I Madero and Dr. Aguirre-Pequeño, 64460, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - A Andrade
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I Madero and Dr. Aguirre-Pequeño, 64460, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - G M González
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I Madero and Dr. Aguirre-Pequeño, 64460, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - S A Aguilar-Fernández
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I Madero and Dr. Aguirre-Pequeño, 64460, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - M Elizondo-Zertuche
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I Madero and Dr. Aguirre-Pequeño, 64460, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - R Chacón-Salinas
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ENCB-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - H Rocha-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - M A Becerril-García
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I Madero and Dr. Aguirre-Pequeño, 64460, Monterrey, Mexico.
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Beleigoli A, Andrade A, Diniz M, Alvares R, Ferreira M, Silva L, Rodrigues M, Jacomassi L, Cerqueira A, Ribeiro A. Validation of Anthropometric Measures Self-Reported in a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Web-Based Platform for Weight Loss. Stud Health Technol Inform 2019; 266:30-36. [PMID: 31397298 DOI: 10.3233/shti190769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A great number of weight loss interventions have been delivered through digital solutions. Analysis of the effectiveness in terms of weight loss is fundamental to understand the real potential of digital technologies as tools for delivery of weight loss interventions. For this, we need accurate and reliable anthropometric data. For reasons of convenience, self-reported weight and height often replace actual measurements in these interventions. This might lead to misclassification of BMI status during selection of participants and to bias in the assessment of the outcomes. Therefore, it is fundamental to have validation studies of self-reported web-based data. OBJECTIVES We aimed to validate online self-reported height, weight and BMI in a POEmaS trial subsample. METHODS We included 12.5% of the POEmaS' population (n=159). Anthropometric data reported on the web-platform were compared to measured data by paired T-tests. Agreement was assessed by Bland-Altman plots. Multinomial regression was used to investigate factors associated with self-reported weight validity. RESULTS There was no significant difference between reported and measured weight (0.4 kg, SD 1.7; p=0.13) and BMI (0.03 kg/m2, SD 0.87; p=0.06). Reported height was on average 0.4 cm (SD 1.2) higher than the measured ones (p<0.001). For all anthropometric data, >=95% of the cases were within the limits of agreement. Higher measured BMI was the only factor associated with low accuracy of weight report. Each unit increase in BMI increased the odds that the reported weight was lower than the one measured (OR 1.13; 95%CI 1.01-1.26). DISCUSSION Self-reported weight and BMI change showed good agreement with measured ones. Since these are the primary outcomes of the POEmaS trial, the findings of the validation study suggest that the outcomes' accuracy is high and that it does not vary across gender, age, study group. These findings are relevant to digital health researchers and assessors and suggest that digital health interventions for weight loss might rely on self-reported assessment of outcomes. This might be particularly useful when other modes of assessment, such as anthropometry and e-scales, are not feasible or not available. However, we acknowledge that these results might not be applicable to low educated populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Andrade
- University of South Australia, Adelaide South Australia, Australia
| | - M Diniz
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - R Alvares
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L Silva
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L Jacomassi
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A Cerqueira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Silva-Cardoso J, Brás D, Canário-Almeida F, Andrade A, Oliveira L, Pádua F, Fonseca C, Bragança N, Carvalho S, Soares R, Santos JF. Neurohormonal modulation: The new paradigm of pharmacological treatment of heart failure. Rev Port Cardiol 2019; 38:175-185. [PMID: 31029493 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The current paradigm of medical therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is triple neurohormonal blockade with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), a beta-blocker (BB) and a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA). However, three-year mortality remains over 30%. Stimulation of counter-regulatory systems in addition to neurohormonal blockade constitutes a new paradigm, termed neurohormonal modulation. Sacubitril/valsartan is the first element of this new strategy. PARADIGM-HF was the largest randomized clinical trial conducted in HFrEF. It included 8442 patients and compared the efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan versus enalapril. The primary endpoint was the composite of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization due to HF, which occurred in 914 (21.8%) patients receiving sacubitril/valsartan and in 1117 (26.5%) patients receiving enalapril (HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.73-0.87, p=0.0000002; NNT 21). Sacubitril/valsartan reduced both primary endpoint components, as well as sudden cardiac death, death due to worsening HF, and death from all causes. Patients on sacubitril/valsartan reported less frequent deterioration of HF and of quality of life, and discontinued study medication less frequently because of an adverse event. PARADIGM-HF demonstrated the superiority of sacubitril/valsartan over enalapril, with a 20% greater impact on cardiovascular mortality compared to ACEIs. Accordingly, in 2016, the European (ESC) and American (ACC/AHA/HFSA) cardiology societies simultaneously issued a class I recommendation for the replacement of ACEIs by sacubitril/valsartan in patients resembling PARADIGM-HF trial participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Silva-Cardoso
- Unidade de Doenças Cardiovasculares, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Centro de Pesquisa em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Clínica de Insuficiência Cardíaca e Transplante do Serviço de Cardiologia do Centro Hospitalar de S. João, Porto, Portugal.
| | - D Brás
- Medical Advisor, Departamento Médico, Novartis Farma-Produtos Farmacêuticos S.A., Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F Canário-Almeida
- Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - A Andrade
- Clínica de Insuficiência Cardíaca, Serviço de Cardiologia do Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - L Oliveira
- Serviço de Cardiologia do Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - F Pádua
- Hospital Dr. José Maria Grande (Unidade Local de Saúde do Norte Alentejano), Portalegre, Portugal
| | - C Fonseca
- Unidade de Insuficiência Cardíaca, Serviço de Medicina III e Hospital Dia, Hospital São Francisco Xavier - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Bragança
- Serviço de Medicina III, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora, Portugal
| | - S Carvalho
- Serviço de Cardiologia do Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - R Soares
- Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital de Santa Marta, Lisboa, Portugal
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Pauwaa S, Meehan K, Kukla L, Krause N, Aicher T, Macaluso G, Andrade A, Joshi A, Sciamanna C, Dia M, Pappas P, Tatooles A, Cotts W. Home Inotropic Therapy Post Left Ventricular Assist Device Placement. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Polk S, DeCamp LR, Guerrero Vázquez M, Kline K, Andrade A, Cook B, Cheng T, Page KR. Centro SOL: A Community-Academic Partnership to Care for Undocumented Immigrants in an Emerging Latino Area. Acad Med 2019; 94:538-543. [PMID: 30379663 PMCID: PMC6435395 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000002508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM From 2000 to 2014, the Latino population in Baltimore city, an emerging Latino settlement area, experienced rapid growth. Many of these individuals are undocumented and not eligible for coverage. Academic medical centers often lead the way in addressing the health needs of undocumented immigrants; however, examples from emerging immigrant areas are limited. APPROACH In October 2013, Johns Hopkins Medicine clinicians established the Center for Salud/Health and Opportunities for Latinos (Centro SOL) to better address the health needs of Baltimore's growing Latino community. Centro SOL's mission focuses on four core activities: clinical services; advocacy and community engagement efforts; pipeline/education opportunities; and research consultations. Progress is measured through a scorecard reviewed annually by Centro SOL leadership. OUTCOMES Centro SOL's program has expanded health care access for undocumented immigrants, patient safety and quality of service/care programs for patients with limited English proficiency, and pipeline opportunities for Latino youth. In 2017, 2,763 uninsured patients received primary or specialty care and 290 people received group therapy to address stress-related conditions. In addition, 49 Latino students (ranging from high school to postgraduate students) received mentorship at Centro SOL. NEXT STEPS In the next five years, Centro SOL plans to expand the pipeline for Latinos interested in health professions fields and to further improve access to health services for Latino families through both advocacy efforts and enhanced clinical services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Polk
- S. Polk is assistant professor of pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. L.R. DeCamp is assistant professor of pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. M.G. Vázquez is Bloomberg American Health Initiative Fellow, Bloomberg Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. K. Kline is instructor, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. A. Andrade is currently acting chief, HIV Research Branch, Division of AIDS, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland. At the time of writing (March 2018), she was associate professor of medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. B. Cook is clinical associate, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. T. Cheng is professor and chief, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. K.R. Page is associate professor of medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Silva-Cardoso J, Brás D, Canário-Almeida F, Andrade A, Oliveira L, Pádua F, Fonseca C, Bragança N, Carvalho S, Soares R, Santos JF. Neurohormonal modulation: The new paradigm of pharmacological treatment of heart failure. Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English Edition) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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McGowan I, Wilkin T, Landovitz RJ, Wu C, Chen Y, Marzinke MA, Hendrix CW, Richardson P, Eshleman SH, Andrade A, Chege W, Anderson PL, McCauley M, Farley J, Mayer KH, Anton P, Brand RM, Cranston RD, Gulick R. The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and mucosal responses to maraviroc-containing pre-exposure prophylaxis regimens in MSM. AIDS 2019; 33:237-246. [PMID: 30557160 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HIV Prevention Trials Network 069/AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5305 was a study of 48-week oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) regimens in MSM and transgender women. A rectal substudy was included to evaluate drug concentrations in rectal compartment vs. blood, gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) responses to four antiretroviral PrEP regimens [maraviroc (MVC), MVC + emtricitabine (FTC), MVC + tenofovir (TFV) disoproxil fumarate, and TFV disoproxil fumarate + FTC], and to determine whether ARV exposure was associated with ex-vivo suppression of HIV infection in colorectal explants. METHODS C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) genotype was characterized using PCR. At baseline and at Weeks 24, 48, and 49, GALT phenotype was characterized by flow cytometry, rectal biopsies were challenged with HIV-1BaL, and tissue and plasma pharmacokinetics were measured via mass spectrometry. RESULTS Exposure to MVC was not associated with increased expression of CD4+/CCR5+ HIV target T cells. Significant ex-vivo viral suppression compared with baseline was seen at Weeks 24 and 48, ranging from 1.4 to 1.8 log10 for all study regimens except the MVC-alone arm which did not show statistically significant viral suppression at Week 48. Tissue concentrations of TFV, TFV-diphosphate, and FTC were correlated with viral suppression. CONCLUSION MVC-containing HIV PrEP regimens did not increase GALT CD4+ T-cell activation or the CD4+/CCR5+ phenotype. No virologic suppression was seen with MVC-alone at Week 48 compared with combination regimens, suggesting MVC monotherapy might be less effective than combination antiretroviral PrEP regimens.
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Muro B, Carnevale R, Mendonça M, Leal D, Torres M, Nakasone D, Ravagnani G, Martinez C, Monteiro M, Martins S, Andrade A. 54 Altrenogest supplementation during early pregnancy improves swine embryonic development. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv31n1ab54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone (P4) is of paramount importance in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy for mammals. Progesterone stimulates the endometrial secretion of several molecules involved in conceptus growth and development during the peri-implantation period. Indeed, several studies involving ruminants have reported that exogenous P4 supplementation is related to increased early embryo development, higher levels of interferon tau, and improved pregnancy rate. However, there is a lack of information about P4 supplementation during early pregnancy regarding swine embryonic development. Additionally, some of the few studies involving pigs have shown an impaired pregnancy rate when supplementation was performed before Day 6 of pregnancy. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of progesterone/progestin supplementation from Day 6 of pregnancy on total number of embryos (TE), pregnancy rate (PR), embryo development, and maternal serum 17β-oestradiol concentration (17β-E). A total of 31 crossbred, 2 to 6 parity sows were used. All sows were inseminated every 24h through the first oestrus following a 21-day lactation, and ovulation was detected by transrectal real-time ultrasound to determine Day 0 of pregnancy. On Day 6 of pregnancy, animals were randomly allocated to one of the following groups: CON (n=11), non-supplemented sows; RU (n=11), sows supplemented daily with 20mg of Altrenogest-Regumate® from Day 6 to 12 of pregnancy; and PG (n=9), sows supplemented with 2.15 mg/kg of long-acting P4 IM on Day 6 of pregnancy. Sows were treated with altrenogest p.o. as a top dressing over a small portion of feed. Blood samples were collected from 12 sows (4 per group) on Day 12 of pregnancy to measure the level of plasma 17β-E by radioimmunoassay. Sows were slaughtered on Day 28 of pregnancy. The uterus from each sow was collected and embryos were counted to determine TE. Embryos were individually separated from their placentas, weighed, and crown-to-rump length was determined. Data were analysed by the SAS program. All variables were analysed by PROC-MIXED t-test. Statistical difference was considered when P<0.05. The PR did not differ among groups (91, 90, and 88%, for CON, RU, and PG, respectively; P>0.05). No difference was observed among groups for TE and 17β-E level (P>0.05). However, embryonic weight and crown-to-rump length differed among the 3 groups (P<0.001). The RU-treated sows had heavier and bigger embryos when compared with the other groups. In contrast, PG-treated sows had the lowest averages for the same variables (weight: 1.39±0.01, 1.46±0.02, and 1.22±0.01; crown-to-rump: 21.07±0.08, 21.61±0.11, and 20.66±0.11; for CON, RU, and PG, respectively). In conclusion, altrenogest supplementation from Day 6 to 12 of pregnancy increases size and weight of porcine embryos, whereas 2.15mg kg−1 of long-acting P4 on Day 6 of pregnancy decreased these variables when compared with non-supplemented sows.
Research was supported by FAPESP Grant 2017/00290-0.
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Kapadia SN, Wu C, Mayer KH, Wilkin TJ, Amico KR, Landovitz RJ, Andrade A, Chen YQ, Chege W, McCauley M, Gulick RM, Schackman BR. No change in health-related quality of life for at-risk U.S. women and men starting HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): Findings from HPTN 069/ACTG A5305. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206577. [PMID: 30586364 PMCID: PMC6306196 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tenofovir (TDF)-containing PrEP is effective for HIV prevention, but its effect on health-related quality of life (QOL) is unknown. Using data from HPTN 069/ACTG A5305, a randomized study of potential PrEP regimens comparing maraviroc alone, or together with TDF or emtricitabine (FTC), to TDF + FTC (control), we evaluated the impact of these regimens on QOL in at-risk HIV-uninfected U.S. women and men. METHODS QOL was measured at baseline (before starting medications) and every 8 weeks through week 48 using the EQ-5D-3L. Responses were converted to a scale from 0.0 (death) to 1.0 (perfect health), using published valuation weights. Mean scores were compared between groups at each time point using nonparametric testing. Multivariable linear regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. RESULTS We analyzed 186 women (median age 35 years, 65% black, 17% Hispanic) and 405 men (median age 30 years, 28% black, 22% Hispanic), including 9 transgender participants analyzed based on sex-at-birth. Mean baseline QOL was 0.91 for women and 0.95 for men. There were minimal changes in mean QOL over time for any regimen (women: p = 0.29; men: p = 0.14). There were no significant differences between participants who continued the regimen compared to participants who discontinued early (women: p = 0.61; men: p = 0.1). Mean QOL did not differ significantly by regimen at any time point, both unadjusted and after adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, adherence, and use of alcohol, marijuana, opiates, and other substances. CONCLUSIONS QOL in at-risk individuals starting candidate PrEP regimens in a clinical trial is similar to the general population and maintained over time. This finding did not vary among regimens or when adjusted for demographics, adherence, and substance use. Our findings are the first to show that starting a candidate PrEP regimen in at-risk HIV-uninfected U.S. women and men was not associated with significant changes in QOL. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01505114.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi N. Kapadia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Chunyuan Wu
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kenneth H. Mayer
- Fenway Health, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center / Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Timothy J. Wilkin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - K. Rivet Amico
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Raphael J. Landovitz
- UCLA Center for Clinical AIDS Research & Education, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Adriana Andrade
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ying Q. Chen
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Wairimu Chege
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Roy M. Gulick
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Bruce R. Schackman
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
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Segschneider V, Pelzel J, Hildebrandt M, Andrade A. Validation of computerized systems– a risk based modular approach. Cytotherapy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Figueroa DB, Madeen EP, Tillotson J, Richardson P, Cottle L, McCauley M, Landovitz RJ, Andrade A, Hendrix CW, Mayer KH, Wilkin T, Gulick RM, Bumpus NN. Genetic Variation of the Kinases That Phosphorylate Tenofovir and Emtricitabine in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2018; 34:421-429. [PMID: 29455571 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2017.0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenofovir (TFV) disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine (FTC) are used in combination for HIV treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). TFV disoproxil fumarate is a prodrug that undergoes diester hydrolysis to TFV. FTC and TFV are nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors that upon phosphorylation to nucleotide triphosphate analogs competitively inhibit HIV reverse transcriptase. We previously demonstrated that adenylate kinase 2, pyruvate kinase, muscle and pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood cell phosphorylate TFV in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). To identify the kinases that phosphorylate FTC in PBMC, siRNAs targeted toward kinases that phosphorylate compounds structurally similar to FTC were delivered to PBMC, followed by incubation with FTC and the application of a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry method and ultra high performance liquid chromatography-UV to detect the formation of FTC phosphates. Knockdown of deoxycytidine kinase decreased the formation of FTC-monophosphate, while siRNA targeted toward thymidine kinase 1 decreased the abundance of FTC-diphosphate. Knockdown of either cytidine monophosphate kinase 1 or phosphoglycerate kinase 1 decreased the abundance of FTC-triphosphate. Next-generation sequencing of genomic DNA isolated from 498 HIV-uninfected participants in the HIV Prevention Trials Network 069/AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5305 clinical study, revealed 17 previously unreported genetic variants of TFV or FTC phosphorylating kinases. Of note, four individuals were identified as simultaneous carriers of variants of both TFV and FTC activating kinases. These results identify the specific kinases that activate FTC in PBMC, while also providing further insight into the potential for genetic variation to impact TFV and FTC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique B. Figueroa
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Erin P. Madeen
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joseph Tillotson
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Paul Richardson
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Marybeth McCauley
- FHI 360 Center on AIDS and Community Health, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Raphael J. Landovitz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, UCLA Center for Clinical AIDS Research & Education, Los Angeles, California
| | - Adriana Andrade
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Craig W. Hendrix
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kenneth H. Mayer
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy Wilkin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Roy M. Gulick
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Namandjé N. Bumpus
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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BUBU OM, Andrade A, Hogan MM, Umasabor-Bubu OQ, Mukhtar F, Sharma RA, Miller M, Mbah A, Borenstein A, Mortimer J, Kip K, Morgan D, Jean-Louis G, Osorio R. 0737 Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Distinct Physiological Phenotypic Risk Factor in older adults with Cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O M BUBU
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
- Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL
| | | | | | | | - F Mukhtar
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | | | - M Miller
- New York University, New York, NY
| | - A Mbah
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | | | | | - K Kip
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - D Morgan
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
- Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, Tampa, FL
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | | | - R Osorio
- New York University, New York, NY
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Ahmad K, Combs P, Munro J, Meehan K, Jennings K, Kabir C, Macaluso G, Pauwaa S, Bhat G, Tatooles A, Pappas P, Andrade A, Cotts W. Outcomes of Heart Transplant Recipients with LVAD Implantation as Destination Therapy versus Bridge to Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Marques L, Castro A, Guedes H, Seabra D, Neto A, Andrade A, Pinto P. P1231Pacemaker implantation in iatrogenic bradycardia: clinical, analytical and electrical predictors of heart rhythm disturbances persistence. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Marques
- Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, EPE, Cardiology Department, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - A Castro
- Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, EPE, Cardiology Department, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - H Guedes
- Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, EPE, Cardiology Department, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - D Seabra
- Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, EPE, Cardiology Department, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - A Neto
- Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, EPE, Cardiology Department, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - A Andrade
- Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, EPE, Cardiology Department, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - P Pinto
- Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, EPE, Cardiology Department, Penafiel, Portugal
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Belury MA, Bowman E, Gabriel J, Snyder B, Kulkarni M, Palettas M, Mo X, Lake JE, Zidar D, Sieg SF, Rodriguez B, Playford MP, Andrade A, Kuritzkes DR, Mehta NN, Lederman MM, Funderburg NT. Prospective Analysis of Lipid Composition Changes with Antiretroviral Therapy and Immune Activation in Persons Living with HIV. Pathog Immun 2017; 2:376-403. [PMID: 29098203 PMCID: PMC5663243 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v2i3.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lipid profiles are altered by HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Among HIV-uninfected (HIV-) populations the concentrations of various lipid classes (ie, lyso-phosphatidylcholine, LPC) and their saturated (SaFA), mono-unsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition are related to cardiometabolic disease risk. Associations between changes in the lipidome and immune activation in HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals beginning ART have not been described. Methods Plasma lipid concentrations and their fatty acid composition were measured by differential mobility spectroscopy in samples from 35 treatment-naive HIV+ participants beginning raltegravir (RAL)-based ART and from HIV- individuals (n = 13) matched for age and sex. Results The levels of SaFA, including palmitic (16:0) and stearic (18:0) acid were enriched in HIV+ participants (pre- and post-ART), and SaFA levels were often positively correlated with levels of immune activation (ie, IL-6, sCD14, and TNFR1) at baseline and week 48. Levels of PUFAs (including 18:3, 20:4, and 20:5) were lower in HIV+ participants at baseline compared to levels in HIV- participants (P < 0.01), and levels of these PUFAs were increased following 48 weeks of ART. Levels of PUFAs were often inversely related to immune activation. Levels of LPC were increased in HIV+ participants, both pre- and post-ART vs HIV- participants, and the composition of LPC was enriched for SaFAs among HIV+ individuals. At week 48, several LPC molecules containing SaFAs were positively correlated with levels of sCD14, D-dimer, and TNFR1 (P < 0.01), and levels of PUFA-containing LPC (18:3, 20:5, 22:5, 22:6) were positively correlated with CD4+ T cell counts and inversely correlated with sCD14 and IL-6 (P < 0.01). Conclusions The composition of the lipidome is altered in HIV infection and changes when ART is administered. Alterations in SaFAs were generally associated with inflammatory markers and may contribute to comorbid disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha A Belury
- Department of Human Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Emily Bowman
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Janelle Gabriel
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Brandon Snyder
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Manjusha Kulkarni
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Marilly Palettas
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jordan E Lake
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David Zidar
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Ohio
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel R Kuritzkes
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Nicholas T Funderburg
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Gulick RM, Wilkin TJ, Chen YQ, Landovitz RJ, Amico KR, Young AM, Richardson P, Marzinke MA, Hendrix CW, Eshleman SH, McGowan I, Cottle LM, Andrade A, Marcus C, Klingman KL, Chege W, Rinehart AR, Rooney JF, Andrew P, Salata RA, Siegel M, Manabe YC, Frank I, Ho K, Santana J, Stekler JD, Swaminathan S, McCauley M, Hodder S, Mayer KH. Safety and Tolerability of Maraviroc-Containing Regimens to Prevent HIV Infection in Women: A Phase 2 Randomized Trial. Ann Intern Med 2017; 167:384-393. [PMID: 28828489 PMCID: PMC5667908 DOI: 10.7326/m17-0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maraviroc (MVC) is a candidate drug for HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and tolerability of MVC-containing PrEP over 48 weeks in U.S. women at risk for HIV infection. DESIGN Phase 2 randomized, controlled, double-blinded study of 4 antiretroviral regimens used as PrEP. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01505114). SETTING 12 clinical research sites of the HIV Prevention Trials Network and AIDS Clinical Trials Group. PARTICIPANTS HIV-uninfected women reporting condomless vaginal or anal intercourse with at least 1 man with HIV infection or unknown serostatus within 90 days. INTERVENTION MVC only, MVC-emtricitabine (FTC), MVC-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and TDF-FTC (control). MEASUREMENTS At each visit, clinical and laboratory (including HIV) assessments were done. Primary outcomes were grade 3 and 4 adverse events and time to permanent discontinuation of the study regimen. All randomly assigned participants were analyzed according to their original assignment. RESULTS Among 188 participants, 85% completed follow-up, 11% withdrew early, and 4% were lost to follow-up; 19% discontinued their regimen prematurely. The number discontinuing and the time to discontinuation did not differ among regimens. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 5 (MVC), 13 (MVC-FTC), 9 (MVC-TDF), and 8 (TDF-FTC) participants; rates did not differ among regimens. One death (by suicide) occurred in the MVC-TDF group but was judged not to be related to study drugs. Of available plasma samples at week 48 (n = 126), 60% showed detectable drug concentrations. No new HIV infections occurred. LIMITATIONS Participants were not necessarily at high risk for HIV infection. The regimen comprised 3 pills taken daily. The study was not powered for efficacy. CONCLUSION Maraviroc-containing PrEP regimens were safe and well-tolerated compared with TDF-FTC in U.S. women. No new HIV infections occurred, although whether this was due to study drugs or low risk in the population is uncertain. Maraviroc-containing PrEP for women may warrant further study. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy M Gulick
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy J Wilkin
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ying Q Chen
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raphael J Landovitz
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - K Rivet Amico
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alicia M Young
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul Richardson
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark A Marzinke
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Craig W Hendrix
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan H Eshleman
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ian McGowan
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leslie M Cottle
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adriana Andrade
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cheryl Marcus
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Karin L Klingman
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wairimu Chege
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alex R Rinehart
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James F Rooney
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Philip Andrew
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert A Salata
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marc Siegel
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yukari C Manabe
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ian Frank
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ken Ho
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jorge Santana
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joanne D Stekler
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shobha Swaminathan
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marybeth McCauley
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sally Hodder
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kenneth H Mayer
- From Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; The George Washington University and FHI 360, Washington, DC; Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Pinto P, Velez Z, Sousa C, Santos S, Andrade A, Alvarado MV, Felip A, Zanuy S, Canário AVM. Responsiveness of pituitary to galanin throughout the reproductive cycle of male European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017. [PMID: 28636888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide galanin (Gal) is a putative factor regulating puberty onset and reproduction through its actions on the pituitary. The present study investigated the pituitary responsiveness to galanin and the patterns of galanin receptors (Galrs) expression throughout the reproductive cycle of two years old male European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), an important aquaculture species. Quantitative analysis of pituitary and hypothalamus transcript expression of four galr subtypes revealed differential regulation according to the testicular developmental stage, with an overall decrease in expression from the immature stage to the mid-recrudescence stage. Incubation of pituitary cells with mammalian 1-29Gal peptide induced significant changes in cAMP concentration, with sensitivities that varied according to the testicular development stages. Furthermore 1-29Gal was able to stimulate both follicle stimulating hormone (Fsh) and luteinizing hormone (Lh) release from pituitary cell suspensions. The magnitude of the effects and effective concentrations varied according to reproductive stage, with generalized induction of Fsh and Lh release in animals sampled in January (full spermiation). The differential expression of galrs in pituitary and hypothalamus across the reproductive season, together with the differential effects of Gal on gonadotropins release in vitro strongly suggests the involvement of the galaninergic system in the regulation the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis of male sea bass. This is to our knowledge the first clear evidence for the involvement of galanin in the regulation of reproduction in non-mammalian vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pinto
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Z Velez
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - C Sousa
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - S Santos
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - A Andrade
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - M V Alvarado
- CSIC-Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - A Felip
- CSIC-Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - S Zanuy
- CSIC-Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - A V M Canário
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Pereira ML, Knibbs LD, He C, Grzybowski P, Johnson GR, Huffman JA, Bell SC, Wainwright CE, Matte DL, Dominski FH, Andrade A, Morawska L. Sources and dynamics of fluorescent particles in hospitals. Indoor Air 2017; 27:988-1000. [PMID: 28303606 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent particles can be markers of bioaerosols and are therefore relevant to nosocomial infections. To date, little research has focused on fluorescent particles in occupied indoor environments, particularly hospitals. In this study, we aimed to determine the spatial and temporal variation of fluorescent particles in two large hospitals in Brisbane, Australia (one for adults and one for children). We used an Ultraviolet Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (UVAPS) to identify fluorescent particle sources, as well as their contribution to total particle concentrations. We found that the average concentrations of both fluorescent and non-fluorescent particles were higher in the adults' hospital (0.06×106 and 1.20×106 particles/m3 , respectively) than in the children's hospital (0.03×106 and 0.33×106 particles/m3 , respectively) (P<.01). However, the proportion of fluorescent particles was higher in the children's hospital. Based on the concentration results and using activity diaries, we were able to identify sources of particle production within the two hospitals. We demonstrated that particles can be easily generated by a variety of everyday activities, which are potential sources of exposure to pathogens. Future studies to further investigate their role in nosocomial infection are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Pereira
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - L D Knibbs
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Qld, Australia
| | - C He
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - P Grzybowski
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - G R Johnson
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - J A Huffman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - S C Bell
- Thoracic Medicine, Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Qld, Australia
- Lung Bacteria Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Qld, Australia
| | - C E Wainwright
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Qld, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - D L Matte
- Center of Health Sciences and Sport, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - F H Dominski
- Center of Health Sciences and Sport, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - A Andrade
- Center of Health Sciences and Sport, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - L Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Andrade A, Matos C, Lopes J, Pires T, Joaquim J. The Use of Probiotics and the Effect in Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea. Clin Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.05.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cardozo EF, Andrade A, Mellors JW, Kuritzkes DR, Perelson AS, Ribeiro RM. Treatment with integrase inhibitor suggests a new interpretation of HIV RNA decay curves that reveals a subset of cells with slow integration. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006478. [PMID: 28678879 PMCID: PMC5513547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The kinetics of HIV-1 decay under treatment depends on the class of antiretrovirals used. Mathematical models are useful to interpret the different profiles, providing quantitative information about the kinetics of virus replication and the cell populations contributing to viral decay. We modeled proviral integration in short- and long-lived infected cells to compare viral kinetics under treatment with and without the integrase inhibitor raltegravir (RAL). We fitted the model to data obtained from participants treated with RAL-containing regimes or with a four-drug regimen of protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Our model explains the existence and quantifies the three phases of HIV-1 RNA decay in RAL-based regimens vs. the two phases observed in therapies without RAL. Our findings indicate that HIV-1 infection is mostly sustained by short-lived infected cells with fast integration and a short viral production period, and by long-lived infected cells with slow integration but an equally short viral production period. We propose that these cells represent activated and resting infected CD4+ T-cells, respectively, and estimate that infection of resting cells represent ~4% of productive reverse transcription events in chronic infection. RAL reveals the kinetics of proviral integration, showing that in short-lived cells the pre-integration population has a half-life of ~7 hours, whereas in long-lived cells this half-life is ~6 weeks. We also show that the efficacy of RAL can be estimated by the difference in viral load at the start of the second phase in protocols with and without RAL. Overall, we provide a mechanistic model of viral infection that parsimoniously explains the kinetics of viral load decline under multiple classes of antiretrovirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fabian Cardozo
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States of America
| | - Adriana Andrade
- The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - John W Mellors
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Daniel R Kuritzkes
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Alan S Perelson
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States of America
| | - Ruy M Ribeiro
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States of America.,Laboratório de Biomatemática, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa. Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
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50
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Gulick RM, Wilkin TJ, Chen YQ, Landovitz RJ, Amico KR, Young AM, Richardson P, Marzinke MA, Hendrix CW, Eshleman SH, McGowan I, Cottle LM, Andrade A, Marcus C, Klingman KL, Chege W, Rinehart AR, Rooney JF, Andrew P, Salata RA, Magnus M, Farley JE, Liu A, Frank I, Ho K, Santana J, Stekler JD, McCauley M, Mayer KH. Phase 2 Study of the Safety and Tolerability of Maraviroc-Containing Regimens to Prevent HIV Infection in Men Who Have Sex With Men (HPTN 069/ACTG A5305). J Infect Dis 2017; 215:238-246. [PMID: 27811319 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maraviroc (MVC) is a candidate for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis. Methods Phase 2 48-week safety/tolerability study was conducted, comparing 4 regimens: MVC alone, MVC plus emtricitabine (FTC), MVC plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and TDF plus FTC. Eligible participants were HIV-uninfected men and transgender women reporting condomless anal intercourse with ≥1 HIV-infected or unknown-serostatus man within 90 days. At each visit, assessments, laboratory testing, and counseling were done. Analyses were intention to treat. Results Among 406 participants, 84% completed follow-up, 7% stopped early, and 9% were lost to follow-up; 9% discontinued their regimen early. The number discontinuing and the time to discontinuation did not differ among study regimens (P = .60). Rates of grade 3-4 adverse events did not differ among regimens (P = .37). In a randomly selected subset, 77% demonstrated detectable drug concentrations at week 48. Five participants acquired HIV infection (4 MVC alone, 1 MVC + TDF; overall annualized incidence, 1.4% [95% confidence interval, .5%-3.3%], without differences by regimen; P = .32); 2 had undetectable drug concentrations at every visit, 2 had low concentrations at the seroconversion visit, and 1 had variable concentrations. Conclusions MVC-containing regimens were safe and well tolerated compared with TDF + FTC; this study was not powered for efficacy. Among those acquiring HIV infection, drug concentrations were absent, low, or variable. MVC-containing regimens may warrant further study for pre-exposure prophylaxis. Clinical Trials Registration NCT01505114.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy M Gulick
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | | | - Ying Q Chen
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | | | - K Rivet Amico
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Alicia M Young
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | | | - Mark A Marzinke
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Craig W Hendrix
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | | | - Ian McGowan
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Leslie M Cottle
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | - Adriana Andrade
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Cheryl Marcus
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | | | - Wairimu Chege
- Clinical Prevention Research Branch, Prevention Sciences Program, Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Robert A Salata
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Manya Magnus
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University
| | | | - Albert Liu
- Bridge HIV, San Francisco Department of Public Health, California
| | - Ian Frank
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Ken Ho
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Jorge Santana
- Department of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan
| | | | | | - Kenneth H Mayer
- Fenway Health, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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