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Occari V, Möller H, Fenwick C, Quinn P, Freestone IC, Chaouali M, von Rummel P. The technology of polychrome glazed ceramics in Ifriqiya: new data from the site of Chimtou. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 2024; 16:61. [PMID: 38529512 PMCID: PMC10960904 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-024-01974-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Ifriqiya (roughly Tunisia and eastern Algeria) is believed to have played a significant role in the diffusion of ceramic glazed technologies into other regions of the Western Mediterranean. However, due to limited analysis on North African glazed ceramics, its role in technology transfer remains poorly understood. This paper uses SEM-EDS and petrographic analyses to understand the technology employed in the production of Tunisian ceramics through the study of 30 polychrome glazed ceramics from a medieval settlement at the site of Chimtou (ancient Simitthus), Tunisia, dated to the late ninth-twelfth century. The results show that these are lead-rich glazes with varying contents of alkalis, coloured with copper, iron and manganese oxide and applied over a calcareous body. Opaque glazes were obtained using cassiterite crystals as opacifier or by adding crushed quartz. The use of lead stannate as a colourant and opacifier in one light yellow glaze raises questions about the mechanisms of introduction of tin opacification technology in North Africa. Scrap metal seems to have been used as a source of lead for the glazes; while iron slag was probably used as a source of iron to colour the glaze in one sample, pointing to a cross-craft interaction between glazemaking and metallurgy. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12520-024-01974-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Occari
- UCL Institute of Archaeology, London, WC1H 0PY UK
| | - H. Möller
- Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Berlin, Germany
| | - C. Fenwick
- UCL Institute of Archaeology, London, WC1H 0PY UK
| | - P. Quinn
- UCL Institute of Archaeology, London, WC1H 0PY UK
| | | | - M. Chaouali
- Institut National de Patrimoine, Tunis, Tunisia
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Gillard J, Suffiotti M, Brazda P, Venkatasubramanian PB, Versteegen P, de Jonge MI, Kelly D, Bibi S, Pinto MV, Simonetti E, Babiceanu M, Kettring A, Teodosio C, de Groot R, Berbers G, Stunnenberg HG, Schanen B, Fenwick C, Huynen MA, Diavatopoulos DA. Antiviral responses induced by Tdap-IPV vaccination are associated with persistent humoral immunity to Bordetella pertussis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2133. [PMID: 38459022 PMCID: PMC10923912 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46560-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Many countries continue to experience pertussis epidemics despite widespread vaccination. Waning protection after booster vaccination has highlighted the need for a better understanding of the immunological factors that promote durable protection. Here we apply systems vaccinology to investigate antibody responses in adolescents in the Netherlands (N = 14; NL) and the United Kingdom (N = 12; UK) receiving a tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis-inactivated poliovirus (Tdap-IPV) vaccine. We report that early antiviral and interferon gene expression signatures in blood correlate to persistence of pertussis-specific antibody responses. Single-cell analyses of the innate response identified monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells (MoDC) as principal responders that upregulate antiviral gene expression and type-I interferon cytokine production. With public data, we show that Tdap vaccination stimulates significantly lower antiviral/type-I interferon responses than Tdap-IPV, suggesting that IPV may promote antiviral gene expression. Subsequent in vitro stimulation experiments demonstrate TLR-dependent, IPV-specific activation of the pro-inflammatory p38 MAP kinase pathway in MoDCs. Together, our data provide insights into the molecular host response to pertussis booster vaccination and demonstrate that IPV enhances innate immune activity associated with persistent, pertussis-specific antibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Gillard
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Madeleine Suffiotti
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Brazda
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pauline Versteegen
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marien I de Jonge
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dominic Kelly
- Department of Paediatrics, Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Sagida Bibi
- Department of Paediatrics, Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Marta Valente Pinto
- Department of Paediatrics, Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Elles Simonetti
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Cristina Teodosio
- Leiden University Medical Center, Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald de Groot
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Guy Berbers
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martijn A Huynen
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitri A Diavatopoulos
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Moullan N, Asiago J, Stecco K, Hadi S, Albizem M, Tieu H, Hock B, Fenwick C, Lin K, Lengsfeld T, Poffenbarger L, Liu D, Trono D, Pantaleo G, Venkayya R, Bhuyan P. A First-in-Human Randomized Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Neutralization Profile of Two Investigational Long-Acting Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibodies. Infect Dis Ther 2024; 13:173-187. [PMID: 38221576 PMCID: PMC10828317 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-023-00908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 remains a significant risk for the immunocompromised given their lower responsiveness to vaccination or infection. Therefore, passive immunity through long-acting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) offers a needed approach for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Our study evaluated safety, anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity, nasal penetration, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of two half-life-extended investigational mAbs, AER001 and AER002, providing the first demonstration of upper airway penetration of mAbs with the LS-modification. METHODS This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase I study enrolled healthy adults (n = 80) who received two long-acting COVID mAbs (AER001 and AER002), AER002 alone, or placebo. The dose ranged from 100 mg (mg) to 1200 mg per mAb component. The primary objective was to describe the safety and tolerability following intravenous (IV) administration. Secondary objectives were to describe PK, anti-drug antibodies (ADA), neutralization activity levels, and safety evaluation through 6 months of follow-up. RESULTS The majority (97.6%) of the reported adverse events (AE) post administration were of grade 1 severity. There were no serious adverse events (SAE) or ADAs. AER001 and AER002 successfully achieved an extended half-life of 105 days and 97.5 days, respectively. Participants receiving AER001 and AER002 (300 mg each) or AER002 (300 mg) alone showed 15- and 26-fold higher neutralization levels against D614G and omicron BA.1 than the placebo group 24 h post-administration. Single 300 or 1200 mg IV dose of AER001 and AER002 resulted in nasal mucosa transudation of approximately 2.5% and 2.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION AER001 and AER002 showed an acceptable safety profile and extended half-life. High serum neutralization activity was observed against D614G and Omicron BA.1 compared to the placebo group. These data support that LS-modified mAbs can achieve durability, safety, potency, and upper airway tissue penetration and will guide the development of the next generation of mAbs for COVID-19 prevention and treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION EudraCT Number 2022-001709-35 (COV-2022-001).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Björn Hock
- Lavaux Biotech Consulting, Yens, Switzerland
| | | | - Kai Lin
- Aerium Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - David Liu
- Aerium Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Didier Trono
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Fenwick C, Turelli P, Duhoo Y, Lau K, Herate C, Marlin R, Lamrayah M, Campos J, Esteves-Leuenberger L, Farina A, Raclot C, Genet V, Fiscalini F, Cesborn J, Perez L, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Contreras V, Lheureux K, Relouzat F, Abdelnabi R, Leyssen P, Lévy Y, Pojer F, Le Grand R, Trono D, Pantaleo G. Broadly potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody shares 93% of epitope with ACE2 and provides full protection in monkeys. J Infect 2023; 87:524-537. [PMID: 37852477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Due to the rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 to variants with reduced sensitivity to vaccine-induced humoral immunity and the near complete loss of protective efficacy of licensed therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, we isolated a potent, broad-spectrum neutralizing antibody that could potentially provide prophylactic protection to immunocompromised patient populations. METHODS Spike-specific B-cell clones isolated from a vaccinated post-infected donor were profiled for those producing potent neutralizing antibodies against a panel of SARS-CoV-2 variants. The P4J15 antibody was further characterized to define the structural binding epitope, viral resistance, and in vivo efficacy. RESULTS The P4J15 mAb shows <20 ng/ml neutralizing activity against all variants including the latest XBB.2.3 and EG.5.1 sub-lineages. Structural studies of P4J15 in complex with Omicron XBB.1 Spike show that the P4J15 epitope shares ∼93% of its buried surface area with the ACE2 contact region, consistent with an ACE2 mimetic antibody. In vitro selection of SARS-CoV-2 mutants escaping P4J15 neutralization showed reduced infectivity, poor ACE2 binding, and mutations are rare in public sequence databases. Using a SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 monkey challenge model, P4J15-LS confers complete prophylactic protection with an exceptionally long in vivo half-life of 43 days. CONCLUSIONS The P4J15 mAb has potential as a broad-spectrum anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug for prophylactic protection of at-risk patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Priscilla Turelli
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yoan Duhoo
- School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kelvin Lau
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Herate
- CEA, Université Paris Sud 11, INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Romain Marlin
- CEA, Université Paris Sud 11, INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Myriam Lamrayah
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérémy Campos
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Line Esteves-Leuenberger
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alex Farina
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Charlène Raclot
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Genet
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Flurin Fiscalini
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Cesborn
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Perez
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- CEA, Université Paris Sud 11, INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Vanessa Contreras
- CEA, Université Paris Sud 11, INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Kyllian Lheureux
- CEA, Université Paris Sud 11, INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Francis Relouzat
- CEA, Université Paris Sud 11, INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Rana Abdelnabi
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Leyssen
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yves Lévy
- VRI, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médicine, INSERM U955, 94010 Créteil, France; Inserm U955, Equipe 16, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service d'Immunologie Clinique et Maladies Infectieuses, Créteil, France
| | - Florence Pojer
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roger Le Grand
- CEA, Université Paris Sud 11, INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Didier Trono
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Raineri A, Radtke T, Rueegg S, Haile SR, Menges D, Ballouz T, Ulyte A, Fehr J, Cornejo DL, Pantaleo G, Pellaton C, Fenwick C, Puhan MA, Kriemler S. Persistent humoral immune response in youth throughout the COVID-19 pandemic: prospective school-based cohort study. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7764. [PMID: 38012137 PMCID: PMC10682435 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the development of humoral immune responses of children and adolescents to SARS-CoV-2 is essential for designing effective public health measures. Here we examine the changes of humoral immune response in school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020 to July 2022), with a specific interest in the Omicron variant (beginning of 2022). In our study "Ciao Corona", we assess in each of the five testing rounds between 1874 and 2500 children and adolescents from 55 schools in the canton of Zurich with a particular focus on a longitudinal cohort (n=751). By July 2022, 96.9% (95% credible interval 95.3-98.1%) of children and adolescents have SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG (S-IgG) antibodies. Those with hybrid immunity or vaccination have higher S-IgG titres and stronger neutralising responses against Wildtype, Delta and Omicron BA.1 variants compared to those infected but unvaccinated. S-IgG persist over 18 months in 93% of children and adolescents. During the study period one adolescent was hospitalised for less than 24 hours possibly related to an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings show that the Omicron wave and the rollout of vaccines boosted S-IgG titres and neutralising capacity. Trial registration number: NCT04448717. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04448717 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Raineri
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Radtke
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Rueegg
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah R Haile
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Menges
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tala Ballouz
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Agne Ulyte
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Fehr
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel L Cornejo
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Pellaton
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Milo A Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susi Kriemler
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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6
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Banga R, Procopio FA, Lana E, Gladkov GT, Roseto I, Parsons EM, Lian X, Armani-Tourret M, Bellefroid M, Gao C, Kauzlaric A, Foglierini M, Alfageme-Abello O, Sluka SHM, Munoz O, Mastrangelo A, Fenwick C, Muller Y, Mkindi CG, Daubenberger C, Cavassini M, Trunfio R, Déglise S, Corpataux JM, Delorenzi M, Lichterfeld M, Pantaleo G, Perreau M. Lymph node dendritic cells harbor inducible replication-competent HIV despite years of suppressive ART. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:1714-1731.e9. [PMID: 37751747 PMCID: PMC11068440 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Although gut and lymph node (LN) memory CD4 T cells represent major HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) tissue reservoirs, the study of the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in HIV persistence has long been limited to the blood due to difficulties to access lymphoid tissue samples. In this study, we show that LN migratory and resident DC subpopulations harbor distinct phenotypic and transcriptomic profiles. Interestingly, both LN DC subpopulations contain HIV intact provirus and inducible replication-competent HIV despite the expression of the antiviral restriction factor SAMHD1. Notably, LN DC subpopulations isolated from HIV-infected individuals treated for up to 14 years are transcriptionally silent but harbor replication-competent virus that can be induced upon TLR7/8 stimulation. Taken together, these results uncover a potential important contribution of LN DCs to HIV infection in the presence of ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riddhima Banga
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Andrea Procopio
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Erica Lana
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Elizabeth M Parsons
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Infectious Disease Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaodong Lian
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Infectious Disease Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Ce Gao
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Annamaria Kauzlaric
- Translational Bioinformatics and Statistics Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne Swiss Cancer Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mathilde Foglierini
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Oscar Alfageme-Abello
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Susanna H M Sluka
- Newborn Screening Switzerland, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Munoz
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Mastrangelo
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yannick Muller
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Gerald Mkindi
- Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo, United Republic of Tanzania; Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Clinical Immunology Unit, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Daubenberger
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Clinical Immunology Unit, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Cavassini
- Services of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rafael Trunfio
- Services of Vascular Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Déglise
- Services of Vascular Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Corpataux
- Services of Vascular Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Delorenzi
- Translational Bioinformatics and Statistics Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne Swiss Cancer Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Lichterfeld
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Infectious Disease Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Joo V, Petrovas C, de Leval L, Noto A, Obeid M, Fenwick C, Pantaleo G. A CD64/FcγRI-mediated mechanism hijacks PD-1 from PD-L1/2 interaction and enhances anti-PD-1 functional recovery of exhausted T cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1213375. [PMID: 37622123 PMCID: PMC10446174 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1213375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting the immune checkpoint inhibitor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) have achieved considerable clinical success in anti-cancer therapy through relieving T cell exhaustion. Blockade of PD-1 interaction with its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 is an important determinant in promoting the functional recovery of exhausted T cells. Here, we show that anti-PD-1 mAbs act through an alternative mechanism leading to the downregulation of PD-1 surface expression on memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. PD-1 receptor downregulation is a distinct process from receptor endocytosis and occurs in a CD14+ monocyte dependent manner with the CD64/Fcγ receptor I acting as the primary factor for this T cell extrinsic process. Importantly, downregulation of surface PD-1 strongly enhances antigen-specific functional recovery of exhausted PD-1+CD8+ T cells. Our study demonstrates a novel mechanism for reducing cell surface levels of PD-1 and limiting the inhibitory targeting by PD-L1/2 and thereby enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-1 Ab in restoring T cell functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Joo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Constantinos Petrovas
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Noto
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Obeid
- Lausanne Center for Immuno-oncology Toxicities (LCIT), Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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8
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Hocini H, Wiedemann A, Blengio F, Lefebvre C, Cervantes-Gonzalez M, Foucat E, Tisserand P, Surenaud M, Coléon S, Prague M, Guillaumat L, Krief C, Fenwick C, Laouénan C, Bouadma L, Ghosn J, Pantaleo G, Thiébaut R, Lévy Y. Neutrophil Activation and Immune Thrombosis Profiles Persist in Convalescent COVID-19. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:882-893. [PMID: 36943669 PMCID: PMC10029801 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Following a severe COVID-19 infection, a proportion of individuals develop prolonged symptoms. We investigated the immunological dysfunction that underlies the persistence of symptoms months after the resolution of acute COVID-19. METHODS We analyzed cytokines, cell phenotypes, SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific and neutralizing antibodies, and whole blood gene expression profiles in convalescent severe COVID-19 patients 1, 3, and 6 months following hospital discharge. RESULTS We observed persistent abnormalities until month 6 marked by (i) high serum levels of monocyte/macrophage and endothelial activation markers, chemotaxis, and hematopoietic cytokines; (ii) a high frequency of central memory CD4+ and effector CD8+ T cells; (iii) a decrease in anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike and neutralizing antibodies; and (iv) an upregulation of genes related to platelet, neutrophil activation, erythrocytes, myeloid cell differentiation, and RUNX1 signaling. We identified a "core gene signature" associated with a history of thrombotic events, with upregulation of a set of genes involved in neutrophil activation, platelet, hematopoiesis, and blood coagulation. CONCLUSION The lack of restoration of gene expression to a normal profile after up to 6 months of follow-up, even in asymptomatic patients who experienced severe COVID-19, signals the need to carefully extend their clinical follow-up and propose preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakim Hocini
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Aurélie Wiedemann
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Fabiola Blengio
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Cécile Lefebvre
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez
- Département Épidémiologie Biostatistiques Et Recherche Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Epidémiologie Clinique 1425, 75018, Paris, France
- UMR 1137, Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, 75018, Paris, France
- APHP- Hôpital Bichat - Médecine Intensive et Réanimation des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Emile Foucat
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Pascaline Tisserand
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Mathieu Surenaud
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Séverin Coléon
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Mélanie Prague
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
- Department of Public Health, Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Inria SISTM, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lydia Guillaumat
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Krief
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Laouénan
- Département Épidémiologie Biostatistiques Et Recherche Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Epidémiologie Clinique 1425, 75018, Paris, France
- UMR 1137, Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Lila Bouadma
- UMR 1137, Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, 75018, Paris, France
- APHP- Hôpital Bichat - Médecine Intensive et Réanimation des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Jade Ghosn
- UMR 1137, Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, 75018, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Service de Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
- Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rodolphe Thiébaut
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
- Department of Public Health, Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Inria SISTM, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Pôle de Santé Publique, Service d'Information Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yves Lévy
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France.
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service Immunologie Clinique, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Créteil, France.
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Fallet B, Foglierini M, Porret R, Alcaraz A, Sauvage C, Jenelten R, Caplanusi T, Gilliet M, Perez L, Fenwick C, Genolet R, Harari A, Bobisse S, Gotardo R, Pantaleo G, Muller YD. Intradermal skin test with mRNA vaccines as a surrogate marker of T cell immunity in immunocompromised patients. J Infect 2023:S0163-4453(23)00329-8. [PMID: 37321353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intradermal skin test (IDT) with mRNA vaccines may represent a simple, reliable, and affordable tool to measure T cell response in immunocompromised patients who failed to mount serological responses following vaccination with mRNA covid-19 vaccines. METHODS We compared anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and cellular responses in vaccinated immunocompromised patients (n=58), healthy seronegative naive controls (NC, n=8), and healthy seropositive vaccinated controls (VC, n=32) by Luminex, spike-induced IFN-γ Elispot and an IDT. A skin biopsy 24h after IDT and single-cell RNAseq was performed in three vaccinated volunteers. RESULTS Twenty-five percent of seronegative NC had a positive Elispot (2/8) and IDT (1/4), compared to 95% (20/21) and 93% (28/30) in seropositive VC, respectively. Single-cell RNAseq data in the skin of VC showed a predominant mixed population of effector helper and cytotoxic T cells. The TCR repertoire revealed 18/1064 clonotypes with known specificities against SARS-CoV-2, among which six were spike-specific. Seronegative immunocompromised patients with positive Elispot and IDT were in 83% (5/6) treated with B cell-depleting reagents, while those with negative IDT were all transplant recipients. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that delayed local reaction to IDT reflects vaccine-induced T-cell immunity opening new perspectives to monitor seronegative patients and elderly populations with waning immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Fallet
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mathilde Foglierini
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Porret
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ana Alcaraz
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Sauvage
- Center for Cell Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1066, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Jenelten
- Department of Dermatology and venereology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Teofila Caplanusi
- Department of Dermatology and venereology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Gilliet
- Department of Dermatology and venereology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; University of Lausanne, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Perez
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; University of Lausanne, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Genolet
- Center for Cell Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1066, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Harari
- Center for Cell Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1066, Switzerland; University of Lausanne, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sara Bobisse
- Center for Cell Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1066, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Gotardo
- Biomedical Data Science Center, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; University of Lausanne, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute for Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; University of Lausanne, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yannick D Muller
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; University of Lausanne, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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10
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Godinho R, Noto A, Fenwick C, Stravodimou A, Hugelshofer S, Peters S, Hullin R, Obeid M. Cytokine storm complicated by cardiogenic shock induced by anti-HER2 therapies. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006942. [PMID: 37380369 PMCID: PMC10410976 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-006942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine storm induced by anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) therapies has not been reported. We report a patient with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab/pertuzumab who developed severe biventricular dysfunction and cardiogenic shock (CS) 6 months after starting double anti-HER2 therapy. The CS was accompanied by severe systemic inflammation, and cardiac MRI (cMRI) showed structural changes typical of myocardial inflammation. The immuno-inflammatory profile showed significantly increased levels of activation of the complement system, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, IL-17A, TNF-alpha) with increased activity of classical monocytic, T helper 17 cells (Th17), CD4 T and effector memory CD8 T subsets, whereas NK cell activation was not observed. The data suggest an important role for monocytes as initiators of this FcγR-dependent antibody-dependent cytotoxicity, leading to the overactivation of an adaptive T cell response, in which Th17 cells may act in synergy with T helper 1 cells (Th1) to drive the severe cytokine release syndrome. After discontinuation of trastuzumab/pertuzumab, hypercytokinemia and complement activity normalized along with clinical recovery. Cardiac function returned to baseline within 2 months of initial presentation, together with a resolution of the myocardial inflammation on MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Godinho
- Department of Heart-Vessels, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Noto
- Department of Medicine, Immunology and allergy division, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Department of Medicine, Immunology and allergy division, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Athina Stravodimou
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Hugelshofer
- Department of Heart-Vessels, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Solange Peters
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roger Hullin
- Department of Heart-Vessels, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Obeid
- Department of Medicine, Immunology and allergy division, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
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11
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Hocini H, Wiedemann A, Blengio F, Lefebvre C, Cervantes-Gonzalez M, Foucat E, Tisserand P, Surenaud M, Coléon S, Prague M, Guillaumat L, Krief C, Fenwick C, Laouénan C, Bouadma L, Ghosn J, Pantaleo G, Thiébaut R, Lévy Y. Correction to: Neutrophil Activation and Immune Thrombosis Profiles Persist in Convalescent COVID‑19. J Clin Immunol 2023:10.1007/s10875-023-01477-9. [PMID: 36991251 PMCID: PMC10060908 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01477-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hakim Hocini
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Aurélie Wiedemann
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Fabiola Blengio
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Cécile Lefebvre
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez
- Département Épidémiologie Biostatistiques Et Recherche Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique‑Epidemiologie Clinique 1425, 75018, Paris, France
- UMR 1137, Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, 75018, Paris, France
- APHP- Hôpital Bichat - Médecine Intensive et Réanimation des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Emile Foucat
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Pascaline Tisserand
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Mathieu Surenaud
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Séverin Coléon
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Mélanie Prague
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
- Department of Public Health, Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Inria SISTM, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lydia Guillaumat
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Krief
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Laouénan
- Département Épidémiologie Biostatistiques Et Recherche Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique‑Epidemiologie Clinique 1425, 75018, Paris, France
- UMR 1137, Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Lila Bouadma
- UMR 1137, Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, 75018, Paris, France
- APHP- Hôpital Bichat - Médecine Intensive et Réanimation des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Jade Ghosn
- UMR 1137, Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME, 75018, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Service de Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
- Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rodolphe Thiébaut
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France
- Department of Public Health, Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Inria SISTM, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Pôle de Santé Publique, Service d'Information Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yves Lévy
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, Créteil, France.
- Assistance Publique‑Hopitaux de Paris, Service Immunologie Clinique, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Créteil, France.
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12
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Mathias A, Pantazou V, Perriot S, Canales M, Jones S, Oberholster L, Moulin M, Fenwick C, Bernard-Valnet R, Théaudin M, Pot C, Du Pasquier RA. Ocrelizumab Impairs the Phenotype and Function of Memory CD8 + T Cells: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2023; 10:10/2/e200084. [PMID: 36717268 PMCID: PMC9887539 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Depleting CD20+ B cells is the primary mechanism by which ocrelizumab (OCRE) is efficient in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, the exact role of OCRE on other immune cell subsets directly or indirectly remains elusive. The purpose of this study is to characterize the dynamics of peripheral immune cells of pwMS on OCRE. METHODS We collected blood samples from 38 pwMS before OCRE onset (T0) and at 6 and 12 months (T6, T12) after initiation. To cover the immune cell diversity, using mass cytometry time of flight, we designed a 38-parameter panel to analyze B, T, and innate immune cell markers and CNS migratory markers. In parallel, viral-specific CD8+ T-cell responses were assessed by the quantification of interferon-γ secretion using the enzyme-linked immunospot assay on cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and influenza stimulations. RESULTS Beside B-cell depletion, we observed a loss in memory CD8+CD20+ and central memory CD8+ T cells but not in CD4+CD20+ T cells already at T6 and T12 (p < 0.001). The loss of memory CD8+ T cells correlated with a lower CXCR3 expression (p < 0.001) and CNS-related LFA-1 integrin expression (p < 0.001) as well as a reduced antiviral cellular immune response observed at both time points (p < 0.001). Of note, we did not observe major changes in the phenotype of the other cell types studied. Seven of 38 (18.4%) patients in our cohort presented with infections while on OCRE; 4 of which were switched from dimethyl fumarate. Finally, using a mixed linear model on mass cytometry data, we demonstrated that the immunomodulation induced by previous disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) was prolonged over the period of the study. DISCUSSION In addition to its well-known role on B cells, our data suggest that OCRE also acts on CD8+ T cells by depleting the memory compartment. These changes in CD8+ T cells may be an asset in the action of OCRE on MS course but might also contribute to explain the increased occurrence of infections in these patients. Finally, although more data are needed to confirm this observation, it suggests that clinicians should pay a special attention to an increased infection risk in pwMS switched from other DMTs to OCRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Mathias
- From the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology (A.M., V.P., S.P., M.C., S.J., L.O., C.P., R.A.D), Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Neurology (V.P., R.B.-V., M.T., C.P., R.A.D.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Paris Brain Institute (V.P.), Lubetzki-Stankoff group of Myelination, France; Service of Immunology and Allergy (M.M., C.F.), Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
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13
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Noto A, Suffiotti M, Joo V, Mancarella A, Procopio FA, Cavet G, Leung Y, Corpataux JM, Cavassini M, Riva A, Stamatatos L, Gottardo R, McDermott AB, Koup RA, Fenwick C, Perreau M, Pantaleo G. The deficiency in Th2-like Tfh cells affects the maturation and quality of HIV-specific B cell response in viremic infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:960120. [PMID: 36091040 PMCID: PMC9450063 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.960120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal T follicular helper (Tfh) cells function is important to promote the development of germinal centers and maturation of high affinity antigen-specific B cells. We have found that the expression of CXCR3 defines distinct Tfh subsets: CXCR3+ Th1-like Tfh cells mainly producing single IFN-γ and dual IL-21/IFN-γ and CXCR3- Th2-like Tfh cells mainly producing single IL-4 and dual IL-21/IL-4 cytokines. CXCR3- Th2-like Tfhs are significantly reduced during ongoing HIV replication. While the percentage of Th2-like Tfh cells correlates with that of total and cycling HIV-specific B cells, the percentage of CXCR3+ Th1-like Tfhs correlates with HIV-specific B cells expressing T-bet and CXCR3. Of note, only IL-4 and IL-21 cytokines boosted efficient maturation of HIV-specific B cells while IFN-γ induced expression of T-bet and CXCR3 in B cells. Interestingly, total and HIV-specific CXCR3+ B cells showed lower rate of somatic hypermutation, as compared to CXCR3- B cells. Therefore, the imbalance in Th2/Th1-like Tfhs affects B cell responses in viremic HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Noto
- Service Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Suffiotti
- Service Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Victor Joo
- Service Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Mancarella
- Service Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco A. Procopio
- Service Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guy Cavet
- Atreca, Redwood City, CA, United States
| | | | - Jean-Marc Corpataux
- Service of Vascular Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Cavassini
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Agostino Riva
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonidas Stamatatos
- Department of Global Health, Seattle University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Raphael Gottardo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Adrian B. McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Richard A. Koup
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Service Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland,Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Giuseppe Pantaleo,
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14
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Menges D, Zens KD, Ballouz T, Caduff N, Llanas-Cornejo D, Aschmann HE, Domenghino A, Pellaton C, Perreau M, Fenwick C, Pantaleo G, Kahlert CR, Münz C, Puhan MA, Fehr JS. Heterogenous humoral and cellular immune responses with distinct trajectories post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in a population-based cohort. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4855. [PMID: 35982045 PMCID: PMC9386650 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32573-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand the development of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity over time, a detailed evaluation of humoral and cellular responses is required. Here, we characterize anti-Spike (S) IgA and IgG in a representative population-based cohort of 431 SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals up to 217 days after diagnosis, demonstrating that 85% develop and maintain anti-S responses. In a subsample of 64 participants, we further assess anti-Nucleocapsid (N) IgG, neutralizing antibody activity, and T cell responses to Membrane (M), N, and S proteins. In contrast to S-specific antibody responses, anti-N IgG levels decline substantially over time and neutralizing activity toward Delta and Omicron variants is low to non-existent within just weeks of Wildtype SARS-CoV-2 infection. Virus-specific T cells are detectable in most participants, albeit more variable than antibody responses. Cluster analyses of the co-evolution of antibody and T cell responses within individuals identify five distinct trajectories characterized by specific immune patterns and clinical factors. These findings demonstrate the relevant heterogeneity in humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 while also identifying consistent patterns where antibody and T cell responses may work in a compensatory manner to provide protection. The persistence of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 after recovery from infection is an indicator for subsequent protection against infection. Here the authors follow recovered patients and measure antibody and T cell responses and find that these two parts of the immune response may have different longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Menges
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kyra D Zens
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tala Ballouz
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Caduff
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Llanas-Cornejo
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hélène E Aschmann
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anja Domenghino
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Céline Pellaton
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian R Kahlert
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Christian Münz
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Milo A Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jan S Fehr
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
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Horisberger A, Humbel M, Fluder N, Bellanger F, Fenwick C, Ribi C, Comte D. Measurement of circulating CD21 -CD27 - B lymphocytes in SLE patients is associated with disease activity independently of conventional serological biomarkers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9189. [PMID: 35654865 PMCID: PMC9163192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12775-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients is challenging and limited by the lack of reliable biomarkers. Abnormally activated B cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of SLE, but their measure in clinical practice is currently not recommended. Here, we studied peripheral B cells to identify a valid biomarker. We analyzed peripheral B cells in a discovery cohort of 30 SLE patients compared to 30 healthy controls (HC) using mass cytometry and unsupervised clustering analysis. The relevant B cell populations were subsequently studied by flow cytometry in a validation cohort of 63 SLE patients, 28 autoimmune diseases controls and 39 HC. Our data show an increased frequency of B cell populations with activated phenotype in SLE compared to healthy and autoimmune diseases controls. These cells uniformly lacked the expression of CD21 and CD27. Measurement of CD21−CD27− B cells in the blood identified patients with active disease and their frequency correlated with disease severity. Interestingly, we did not observe an increase in the frequency of CD21−CD27− B cells in patients with clinically inactive disease but with elevated conventional biomarkers (anti-dsDNA and complement levels). Accordingly, measurement of CD21−CD27− B cells represents a robust and easily accessible biomarker to assess the activity of the disease in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Horisberger
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 46, Rue du Bugnon, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Morgane Humbel
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 46, Rue du Bugnon, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Fluder
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 46, Rue du Bugnon, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Bellanger
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 46, Rue du Bugnon, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 46, Rue du Bugnon, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camillo Ribi
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 46, Rue du Bugnon, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denis Comte
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 46, Rue du Bugnon, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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16
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Fluder N, Humbel M, Bellanger F, Horisberger A, Fenwick C, Ribi C, Comte D. POS0099 THE CELLULAR METABOLISM OF SLE NK CELLS IS PRIMARILY ALTERED AT THE LEVEL OF MITOCHONDRIAL RESPIRATION. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease, involving the development of autoreactive cells and autoantibodies. Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that mediate the interaction between the innate and adaptive immune system, however their role in SLE is incompletely understood. SLE NK cells are decreased in peripheral blood, exhibit reduced cytotoxicity, and impaired cytokine production (1, 2). Furthermore, SLE NK cells present phenotypic alterations: increased expression of CD38 and altered upregulation of SLAMF7 after activation (3). To date, few studies evaluated the molecular mechanisms underlying NK cell dysfunction in SLE.ObjectivesWe examined immunometabolic alterations of SLE NK cells. First, we characterized the cellular metabolism of SLE NK cells by assessing glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) at basal level. Then, we evaluated how cellular metabolism can be manipulated to enhance NK cell function. In this perspective, we examined how the ligation of CD38 with daratumumab (DARA) and SLAMF7 with elotuzumab (ELO) modulate glycolysis and OXPHOS.MethodsNK cells of cryopreserved PBMC from SLE patients were isolated. Glycolysis and OXPHOS were studied using XFe96 Seahorse. Expression of metabolic receptors (CD71, GLUT-1, CD98), mitochondrial function (mitochondrial membrane potential, mass) and calcium influx were investigated by FACS. Mitochondrial structure was evaluated by electron and confocal microscopy.ResultsFirst, we examined the cellular metabolism of SLE NK cells compared to healthy cells. We observed that OXPHOS is significantly increased in SLE NK cells (Figure 1A), whereas glycolysis was normal (Figure 1B). Furthermore, the mitochondrial mass and membrane potential (by FACS (Figure 1C) and confocal microscopy) were increased in SLE. Electron microscope imaging showed profound alterations in SLE NK cell mitochondrial ultrastructure (Figure 1D). No significant differences in the expression of key metabolite transporters involved in mitochondrial fueling (CD71, GLUT-1, CD98) was observed in SLE NK cells compared to healthy controls.Second, we examined how ligation of DARA and ELO influences the metabolism of healthy NK cells. Our data showed that ELO primarily enhances NK cell OXPHOS (Figure 1E), whereas DARA mainly increases glycolysis. Consistently, ELO also increases mitochondrial membrane potential and expression of metabolite transporters CD71, GLUT-1 and CD98. Next, we examined the effect of DARA and ELO on SLE NK cells. While stimulation with DARA adequately increases glycolysis in SLE NK cells, engagement with ELO fails to properly increase OXPHOS (Figure 1F), expression of cell surface transporters, mitochondrial membrane potential and mass.ConclusionOur data suggest that SLE NK cells exhibit alterations in cellular metabolism, primarily involving mitochondrial respiration. In contrast, glucose metabolism is similar to that of healthy NK cells. Additionally, ELO and DARA mediate the activation of healthy NK cells through the engagement of different metabolic pathways: OXPHOS and glycolysis, respectively. Therefore, priming SLE NK cells with ELO is unable to adequately engage their dysfunctional mitochondrial respiration. These findings provide important insights on the alteration present in SLE NK cells and contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease.References[1]Spada R, Rojas JM, Barber DF. Recent findings on the role of natural killer cells in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Leukoc Biol. 2015;98(4):479-87.[2]Park Y-W, Kee S-J, Cho Y-N, Lee E-H, Lee H-Y, Kim E-M, et al. Impaired differentiation and cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis & Rheumatism. 2009;60(6):1753-63.[3]Humbel M, Bellanger F, Fluder N, Horisberger A, Suffiotti M, Fenwick C, et al. Restoration of NK Cell Cytotoxic Function With Elotuzumab and Daratumumab Promotes Elimination of Circulating Plasma Cells in Patients With SLE. Front Immunol. 2021;12:645478.AcknowledgementsThis study received funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (Ambizione PZ00P3_173950 to DC).Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Humbel M, Bellanger F, Horisberger A, Suffiotti M, Fluder N, Makhmutova M, Mathias A, Du Pasquier R, Fenwick C, Ribi C, Comte D. SLAMF Receptor Expression Identifies an Immune Signature That Characterizes Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:843059. [PMID: 35603218 PMCID: PMC9120573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.843059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, linked to alterations in both the innate and the adaptive immune system. Due to the heterogeneity of the clinical presentation, the diagnosis of SLE remains complicated and is often made years after the first symptoms manifest, delaying treatment, and worsening the prognosis. Several studies have shown that signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family (SLAMF) receptors are aberrantly expressed and dysfunctional in SLE immune cells, contributing to the altered cellular function observed in these patients. The aim of this study was to determine whether altered co-/expression of SLAMF receptors on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) identifies SLE characteristic cell populations. To this end, single cell mass cytometry and bioinformatic analysis were exploited to compare SLE patients to healthy and autoimmune diseases controls. First, the expression of each SLAMF receptor on all PBMC populations was investigated. We observed that SLAMF1+ B cells (referred to as SLEB1) were increased in SLE compared to controls. Furthermore, the frequency of SLAMF4+ monocytes and SLAMF4+ NK were inversely correlated with disease activity, whereas the frequency SLAMF1+ CD4+ TDEM cells were directly correlated with disease activity. Consensus clustering analysis identified two cell clusters that presented significantly increased frequency in SLE compared to controls: switch memory B cells expressing SLAMF1, SLAMF3, SLAMF5, SLAMF6 (referred to as SLESMB) and circulating T follicular helper cells expressing the same SLAMF receptors (referred to as SLEcTFH). Finally, the robustness of the identified cell populations as biomarkers for SLE was evaluated through ROC curve analysis. The combined measurement of SLEcTFH and SLEB1 or SLESMB cells identified SLE patients in 90% of cases. In conclusion, this study identified an immune signature for SLE based on the expression of SLAMF receptors on PBMC, further highlighting the involvement of SLAMF receptors in the pathogenesis of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Humbel
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Bellanger
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alice Horisberger
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Suffiotti
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Fluder
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mariko Makhmutova
- Machine Learning and Optimization Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amandine Mathias
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Renaud Du Pasquier
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camillo Ribi
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denis Comte
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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Obeid M, Suffiotti M, Pellaton C, Bouchaab H, Cairoli A, Salvadé V, Stevenel C, Hottinger R, Pythoud C, Coutechier L, Molinari L, Trono D, Ribi C, Gottardo R, Fenwick C, Pascual M, Duchosal MA, Peters S, Pantaleo G. Humoral Responses Against Variants of Concern by COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Immunocompromised Patients. JAMA Oncol 2022; 8:e220446. [PMID: 35271706 PMCID: PMC8914885 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Importance There are limited comparative data on the durability of neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses elicited by messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) in immunocompromised patients and healthy controls. Objective To assess the humoral responses after vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccines. Design, Setting, and Participants In this prospective, longitudinal monocentric comparative effectiveness study conducted at the Lausanne University Hospital, binding IgG anti-spike antibody and nAb levels were measured at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after vaccination with mRNA-1273 (24.6% of participants) or BNT162b2 (75.3% of participants). Interventions All participants received 2 doses of either mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 vaccines 4 to 6 weeks apart. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome of the study was the persistence of nAb responses against the original, nonvariant SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) and different VOCs at 6 months after vaccination. Key secondary outcomes were associations of the type of mRNA vaccine, the underlying disease, and the treatment with the response to vaccination. Results Among the 841 participants enrolled between January 14 and August 8, 2021, the patient population comprised 637 participants (mean [SD] age, 61.8 [13.7] years; 386 [60.6%] female), and the healthy control population comprised 204 participants (mean [SD] age, 45.9 [12.0] years; 144 [70.6%] female). There were 399 patients with solid cancers, 101 with hematologic cancers, 38 with solid organ transplants, 99 with autoimmune diseases, and 204 healthy controls. More than 15 000 nAb determinations were performed against the original, nonvariant 2019-nCoV and the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants. The proportions of nAbs and their titers decreased in all study groups at 6 months after vaccination, with the greatest decreases for the Beta and Delta variants. For Beta, the proportion decreased to a median (SE) of 39.2% (5.5%) in those with hematologic cancers, 44.8% (2.7%) in those with solid cancers, 23.1% (8.3%) in those with solid organ transplants, and 22.7% (4.8%) in those with autoimmune diseases compared with 52.1% (4.2%) in healthy controls. For Delta, the proportions decreased to 41.8% (5.6%) in participants with hematologic cancer, 51.9% (2.7%) in those with solid cancers, 26.9% (8.7%) in those with solid organ transplants, and 30.7% (5.3%) in those with autoimmune diseases compared with 56.9% (4.1%) healthy controls. Neutralizing antibody titers decreased 3.5- to 5-fold between month 1 and month 6, and the estimated duration of response was greater and more durable among those participants vaccinated with mRNA-1273. In participants with solid cancers, the estimated duration of nAbs against the Beta variant was 221 days with mRNA-1273 and 146 days with BNT162b2, and against the Delta variant, it was 226 days with mRNA-1273 and 161 with BNT162b2. The estimated duration of nAbs in participants with hematologic cancers was 113 and 127 days against Beta and Delta variants, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance This comparative effectiveness study suggests that approximately half of patients with hematologic cancers and solid cancers, about 70% of patients with solid organ transplants or autoimmune diseases, and 40% of healthy controls have lost nAbs against the circulating VOCs at 6 months after vaccination. These findings may be helpful for developing the best boosting vaccination schedule especially in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Obeid
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Suffiotti
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Celine Pellaton
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hasna Bouchaab
- Service of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Cairoli
- Service and Central Laboratory of Hematology, Departments of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vanja Salvadé
- Service of Transplantation, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Stevenel
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosemary Hottinger
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Pythoud
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucie Coutechier
- Service of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Molinari
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Didier Trono
- Laboratory of Virology and Genetics, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camillo Ribi
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Gottardo
- Service of Data Science and Bioinformatics, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Pascual
- Service of Transplantation, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel A. Duchosal
- Service and Central Laboratory of Hematology, Departments of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Solange Peters
- Service of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Lazor-Blanchet C, Zygoura P, Dafni U, Lamoth F, Tsourti Z, Lobritz M, Regina J, Grandbastien B, Fenwick C, Pantaleo G, Calandra T, Meylan S. Low neutralizing antibody titers after asymptomatic or non-severe SARS-CoV-2 infection over a 6-month assessment period. J Infect 2022; 84:722-746. [PMID: 35134464 PMCID: PMC8817763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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20
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Boughdad S, Latifyan S, Fenwick C, Bouchaab H, Suffiotti M, Moslehi JJ, Salem JE, Schaefer N, Nicod-Lalonde M, Costes J, Perreau M, Michielin O, Peters S, Prior JO, Obeid M. 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT to detect immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-003594. [PMID: 34686542 PMCID: PMC8543755 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related myocarditis is a rare but potentially fatal adverse event that can occur following ICI exposure. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to improve patient outcomes. Somatostatin receptor-based positron emission tomography–CT (PET/CT) showed promising results for the assessment of myocardial inflammation, yet information regarding its value for the diagnosis of ICI-related myocarditis, especially at the early stage, is limited. Thus, we investigated the value of 68Ga-DOTA(0)-Phe(1)-Tyr(3)-octreotide (68Ga-DOTATOC) PET/CT for the early detection and diagnosis of ICI-related myocarditis. Methods Consecutive patients with clinically suspected ICI-related myocarditis from July 2018 to February 2021 were retrospectively evaluated in this single-center study. All patients underwent imaging for the detection of ICI-related myocarditis using either cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging or 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT. PET/CT images were acquired 90 min after the injection of 2 MBq/kg 68Ga-DOTATOC with pathological myocardial uptake in the left ventricle (LV) suggestive of myocarditis defined using a myocardium-to-background ratio of peak standard uptake value to mean intracavitary LV standard uptake (MBRpeak) value above 1.6. Patients had a full cardiological work-up including ECG, echocardiography, serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), cardiac troponin T and creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB. Endomyocardial biopsy and inflammatory cytokine markers were also analyzed. The detection rate of ICI-related myocarditis using 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT and CMR was assessed. Results A total of 11 patients had clinically suspected ICI-related myocarditis; 9 underwent 68Ga -DOTATOC PET/CT. All nine (100%) patients with 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT presented with pathological myocardial uptake in the LV that was suggestive of myocarditis (MBRpeak of 3.2±0.8, range 2.2–4.4). Eight patients had CMR imaging and 3/8 (38%) patients had lesions evocative of myocarditis. All PET-positive patients were previously treated with a high dose of steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin prior to PET/CT had elevated serum cTnI except for one patient for whom PET/CT was delayed several days. Interestingly, in 5/6 (83%) patients who presented with concomitant myositis, pathological uptake was seen on whole-body 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT images in the skeletal muscles, suggesting an additional advantage of this method to assess the full extent of the disease. In contrast, four patients with CMR imaging had negative findings despite having elevated serum cTnI levels (range 20.5–5896.1 ng/mL), thus defining possible myocarditis. Newly identified immune correlates could provide specific biomarkers for the diagnosis of ICI-related myocarditis. Most tested patients (six of seven patients) had serum increases in the inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 and in the chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL13, and the mass cytometry phenotypes of immune cell populations in the blood also showed correlations with myocardial inflammation. Four of five patients with myocarditis exhibited a Th1/Th2 imbalance favoring a pronounced inflammatory Th1, Th1/Th17, and Th17 CD4 memory T-cell response. The high proportion of non-classical monocytes and significantly reduced levels of CD31 in four to five patients was also consistent with an inflammatory disease. Conclusion The use of 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT along with immune correlates is a highly sensitive method to detect ICI-related myocarditis especially in the early stage of myocardial inflammation, as patients with elevated cTnI may present normal CMR imaging results. 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT is also useful for detecting concomitant myositis. These results need to be confirmed in a larger population of patients and validated against a histological gold standard if available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Boughdad
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sofiya Latifyan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Immunology and allergy division, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hasna Bouchaab
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Suffiotti
- Immunology and allergy division, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Javid J Moslehi
- Section of Cardio-Oncology & Immunology, Division of Cardiology and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joe-Elie Salem
- Cardio-Oncology Program, Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, Paris, France, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital,Sorbonne, INSERM, CIC-1901, Paris, France, Paris, France, France
| | - Niklaus Schaefer
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Nicod-Lalonde
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Costes
- Radiopharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Immunology and allergy division, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Michielin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Solange Peters
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John O Prior
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Obeid
- Immunology and allergy division, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Fenwick C, Turelli P, Perez L, Pellaton C, Esteves-Leuenberger L, Farina A, Campos J, Lana E, Fiscalini F, Raclot C, Pojer F, Lau K, Demurtas D, Descatoire M, Joo VS, Foglierini M, Noto A, Abdelnabi R, Foo CS, Vangeel L, Neyts J, Du W, Bosch BJ, Veldman G, Leyssen P, Thiel V, LeGrand R, Lévy Y, Trono D, Pantaleo G. A highly potent antibody effective against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109814. [PMID: 34599871 PMCID: PMC8452523 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is endangered by the emergence of viral variants with increased transmission efficiency, resistance to marketed therapeutic antibodies, and reduced sensitivity to vaccine-induced immunity. Here, we screen B cells from COVID-19 donors and identify P5C3, a highly potent and broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody with picomolar neutralizing activity against all SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) identified to date. Structural characterization of P5C3 Fab in complex with the spike demonstrates a neutralizing activity defined by a large buried surface area, highly overlapping with the receptor-binding domain (RBD) surface necessary for ACE2 interaction. We further demonstrate that P5C3 shows complete prophylactic protection in the SARS-CoV-2-infected hamster challenge model. These results indicate that P5C3 opens exciting perspectives either as a prophylactic agent in immunocompromised individuals with poor response to vaccination or as combination therapy in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Priscilla Turelli
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Perez
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Pellaton
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Line Esteves-Leuenberger
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alex Farina
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérémy Campos
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Erica Lana
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Flurin Fiscalini
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Charlène Raclot
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Pojer
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kelvin Lau
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Davide Demurtas
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marc Descatoire
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Victor S Joo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mathilde Foglierini
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Noto
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rana Abdelnabi
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline S Foo
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Vangeel
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Neyts
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wenjuan Du
- Virology Section, Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Berend-Jan Bosch
- Virology Section, Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Pieter Leyssen
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Volker Thiel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roger LeGrand
- CEA, Université Paris Sud 11, INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Yves Lévy
- VRI, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médicine, INSERM U955, 94010 Créteil, France; INSERM U955, Equipe 16, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Ho^pital Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service d'Immunologie Clinique et Maladies Infectieuses, Créteil, France
| | - Didier Trono
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; VRI, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médicine, INSERM U955, 94010 Créteil, France; Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Obeid
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.,University of Lausanne, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.,University of Lausanne, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.,University of Lausanne, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Obeid
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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24
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Herderschee J, Heinonen T, Fenwick C, Schrijver IT, Ohmiti K, Moradpour D, Cavassini M, Pantaleo G, Roger T, Calandra T. High-dimensional immune phenotyping of blood cells by mass cytometry in patients infected with hepatitis C virus. Clin Microbiol Infect 2021; 28:611.e1-611.e7. [PMID: 34474121 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects the immune system. Whether elimination of HCV with direct-acting antivirals (DAA) restores immunity is unclear. We used mass cytometry to get a broad and in-depth assessment of blood cell populations of patients with chronic HCV before and after DAA therapy. METHODS Before and 12 weeks after sustained virological response (SVR12) to DAA therapy, 22 cell populations were analysed by mass cytometry in blood collected from ten healthy control individuals and 20 HCV-infected patients with (ten patients) or without (ten patients) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. RESULTS HCV infection altered the frequency of 14/22 (64%) blood cell populations. At baseline, the frequencies (median, interquartile range (IQR); control, HCV, HCV/HIV) of intermediate monocytes (1.2, IQR 0.47-1.46; 1.76, IQR 0.83-2.66; 0.78, IQR 0.28-1.77), non-classical monocytes (1.11, IQR 0.49-1.26; 0.9, IQR 0.18-0.99; 0.54, IQR 0.28-1.77), conventional dendritic cells type 2 (0.55, IQR 0.35-0.59; 0.31, IQR 0.16-0.38; 0.19, IQR 0.11-0.36) and CD56dim natural killer cells (8.08, IQR 5.34-9.79; 4.72, IQR 2.59-6.05) 3.61, IQR 2.98-5.07) were reduced by 35% to 65%, particularly in HCV/HIV co-infected patients. In contrast, activated double-negative T cells (0.07, IQR 0.06-0.10; 0.10, IQR 0.09-0.19; 0.19, IQR 0.12-0.25), activated CD4 T cells (0.28, IQR 0.21-0.36; 0.56, IQR 0.33-0.77; 0.40, IQR 0.22-0.53) and activated CD8 T cells (0.23, IQR 0.14-0.42; 0.74, IQR 0.30-1.65; 0.80, IQR 0.58-1.16) were increased 1.4 to 3.5 times. Upon stimulation with Toll-like receptor ligands, the expression of cytokines was up-regulated in 7/9 (78%) and 17/19 (89%) of the conditions in HCV- and HCV/HIV-infected patients, respectively. Most alterations persisted at SVR12. CONCLUSIONS Chronic HCV and HCV/HIV infections induce profound and durable perturbations of innate and adaptive immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobus Herderschee
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tytti Heinonen
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Irene T Schrijver
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Khalid Ohmiti
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Darius Moradpour
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Cavassini
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Roger
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Calandra
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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25
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Perreau M, Suffiotti M, Marques-Vidal P, Wiedemann A, Levy Y, Laouénan C, Ghosn J, Fenwick C, Comte D, Roger T, Regina J, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Oddo M, Calandra T, Pantaleo G. The cytokines HGF and CXCL13 predict the severity and the mortality in COVID-19 patients. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4888. [PMID: 34373466 PMCID: PMC8352963 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to identify biological signatures of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) predictive of admission in the intensive care unit (ICU). Over 170 immunological markers were investigated in a 'discovery' cohort (n = 98 patients) of the Lausanne University Hospital (LUH-1). Here we report that 13 out of 49 cytokines were significantly associated with ICU admission in the three cohorts (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001), while cellular immunological markers lacked power in discriminating between ICU and non-ICU patients. The cytokine results were confirmed in two 'validation' cohorts, i.e. the French COVID-19 Study (FCS; n = 62) and a second LUH-2 cohort (n = 47). The combination of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) was the best predictor of ICU admission (positive and negative predictive values ranging from 81.8% to 93.1% and 85.2% to 94.4% in the 3 cohorts) and occurrence of death during patient follow-up (8.8 fold higher likelihood of death when both cytokines were increased). Of note, HGF is a pleiotropic cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties playing a fundamental role in lung tissue repair, and CXCL13, a pro-inflammatory chemokine associated with pulmonary fibrosis and regulating the maturation of B cell response. Up-regulation of HGF reflects the most powerful counter-regulatory mechanism of the host immune response to antagonize the pro-inflammatory cytokines including CXCL13 and to prevent lung fibrosis in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Perreau
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Suffiotti
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Service of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurelie Wiedemann
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service d'Immunologie Clinique, Créteil, France
| | - Yves Levy
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service d'Immunologie Clinique, Créteil, France
| | - Cédric Laouénan
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Département Épidémiologie Biostatistiques et Recherche Clinique, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation clinique-Epidémiologie Clinique 1425, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME UMR 1137, Paris, France
| | - Jade Ghosn
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Paris, France
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denis Comte
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Roger
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Regina
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Service of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Waeber
- Service of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Oddo
- Service of Intensive Care, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Calandra
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France. .,Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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26
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Fenwick C, Turelli P, Pellaton C, Farina A, Campos J, Raclot C, Pojer F, Cagno V, Nusslé SG, D’Acremont V, Fehr J, Puhan M, Pantaleo G, Trono D. A high-throughput cell- and virus-free assay shows reduced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants by COVID-19 convalescent plasma. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:scitranslmed.abi8452. [PMID: 34257144 PMCID: PMC9835890 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abi8452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific antibodies in the serum of an individual indicates previous infection or vaccination. However, it provides limited insight into the protective nature of this immune response. Neutralizing antibodies recognizing the viral spike protein are more revealing, yet their measurement traditionally requires virus- and cell-based systems that are costly, time-consuming, inflexible, and potentially biohazardous. Here, we present a cell-free quantitative neutralization assay based on the competitive inhibition of trimeric SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. This high-throughput method matches the performance of the gold standard live virus infection assay, as verified with a panel of 206 seropositive donors with varying degrees of infection severity and virus-specific immunoglobulin G titers, achieving 96.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Furthermore, it allows for the parallel assessment of neutralizing activities against multiple SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants of concern. We used our assay to profile serum samples from 59 patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We found that although most sera had high activity against the 2019-nCoV parental spike protein and, to a lesser extent, the α (B.1.1.7) variant, only 58% of serum samples could efficiently neutralize a spike protein derivative containing mutations present in the β (B.1.351) variant. Thus, we have developed an assay that can evaluate effective neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants of concern after natural infection and that can be applied to characterize vaccine-induced antibody responses or to assess the potency of monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Priscilla Turelli
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Céline Pellaton
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Alex Farina
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Jérémy Campos
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Charlène Raclot
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Florence Pojer
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Cagno
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland.,Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Semira Gonseth Nusslé
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Valerie D’Acremont
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Basel 4001, Switzerland
| | - Jan Fehr
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich 8001, Switzerland
| | - Milo Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich 8001, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,VRI, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médicine, INSERM U955, Créteil 94010, France.,Corresponding author. (D.T.); (G.P.)
| | - Didier Trono
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.,Corresponding author. (D.T.); (G.P.)
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27
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Meylan S, Dafni U, Lamoth F, Tsourti Z, Lobritz MA, Regina J, Bressin P, Senn L, Grandbastien B, Andre C, Fenwick C, D'Acremont V, Croxatto A, Guilleret I, Greub G, Manuel O, Calandra T, Pantaleo G, Lazor-Blanchet C. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in healthcare workers of a Swiss tertiary care centre at the end of the first wave: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e049232. [PMID: 34226231 PMCID: PMC8260307 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the SARS-CoV-2 transmission in healthcare workers (HCWs) using seroprevalence as a surrogate marker of infection in our tertiary care centre according to exposure. DESIGN Seroprevalence cross-sectional study. SETTING Single centre at the end of the first COVID-19 wave in Lausanne, Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS 1874 of 4074 responders randomly selected (46% response rate), stratified by work category among the 13 474 (13.9%) HCWs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 serostatus paired with a questionnaire of SARS-CoV-2 acquisition risk factors internal and external to the workplace. RESULTS The overall SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence rate among HCWs was 10.0% (95% CI 8.7% to 11.5%). HCWs with daily patient contact did not experience increased rates of seropositivity relative to those without (10.3% vs 9.6%, respectively, p=0.64). HCWs with direct contact with patients with COVID-19 or working in COVID-19 units did not experience increased seropositivity rates relative to their counterparts (10.4% vs 9.8%, p=0.69 and 10.6% vs 9.9%, p=0.69, respectively). However, specific locations of contact with patients irrespective of COVID-19 status-in patient rooms or reception areas-did correlate with increased rates of seropositivity (11.9% vs 7.5%, p=0.019 and 14.3% vs 9.2%, p=0.025, respectively). In contrast, HCWs with a suspected or proven SARS-CoV-2-infected household contact had significantly higher seropositivity rates than those without such contacts (19.0% vs 8.7%, p<0.001 and 42.1% vs 9.4%, p<0.001, respectively). Finally, consistent use of a mask on public transportation correlated with decreased seroprevalence (5.3% for mask users vs 11.2% for intermittent or no mask use, p=0.030). CONCLUSIONS The overall seroprevalence was 10% without significant differences in seroprevalence between HCWs exposed to patients with COVID-19 and HCWs not exposed. This suggests that, once fully in place, protective measures limited SARS-CoV-2 occupational acquisition within the hospital environment. SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion among HCWs was associated primarily with community risk factors, particularly household transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Meylan
- Infectious Diseases Service, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Urania Dafni
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas and University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Frederic Lamoth
- Infectious Diseases Service, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zoi Tsourti
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas and University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Jean Regina
- Infectious Diseases Service, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Bressin
- Occupational Health Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Senn
- Service of Hospital Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Grandbastien
- Service of Hospital Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Andre
- Immunology Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valerie D'Acremont
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antony Croxatto
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Guilleret
- Clinical Trial Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gilbert Greub
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Oriol Manuel
- Infectious Diseases Service, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Calandra
- Infectious Diseases Service, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Immunology Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Zimmerli A, Monti M, Fenwick C, Eckerle I, Beigelman-Aubry C, Pellaton C, Jaton K, Dumas D, Stamm GM, Infanti L, Andreu-Ullrich H, Germann D, Mean M, Vollenweider P, Stadelmann R, Prella M, Comte D, Guery B, Gachoud D, Rufer N. Case Report: Stepwise Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Effects Following Convalescent Plasma Therapy With Full Clinical Recovery. Front Immunol 2021; 12:613502. [PMID: 33968017 PMCID: PMC8097002 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.613502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In these times of COVID-19 pandemic, concern has been raised about the potential effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on immunocompromised patients, particularly on those receiving B-cell depleting agents and having therefore a severely depressed humoral response. Convalescent plasma can be a therapeutic option for these patients. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of convalescent plasma is crucial to optimize such therapeutic approach. Here, we describe a COVID-19 patient who was deeply immunosuppressed following rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) and concomitant chemotherapy for chronic lymphoid leukemia. His long-term severe T and B cell lymphopenia allowed to evaluate the treatment effects of convalescent plasma. Therapeutic outcome was monitored at the clinical, biological and radiological level. Moreover, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers (IgM, IgG and IgA) and neutralizing activity were assessed over time before and after plasma transfusions, alongside to SARS-CoV-2 RNA quantification and virus isolation from the upper respiratory tract. Already after the first cycle of plasma transfusion, the patient experienced rapid improvement of pneumonia, inflammation and blood cell counts, which may be related to the immunomodulatory properties of plasma. Subsequently, the cumulative increase in anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies due to the three additional plasma transfusions was associated with progressive and finally complete viral clearance, resulting in full clinical recovery. In this case-report, administration of convalescent plasma revealed a stepwise effect with an initial and rapid anti-inflammatory activity followed by the progressive SARS-CoV-2 clearance. These data have potential implications for a more extended use of convalescent plasma and future monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of immunosuppressed COVID-19 patients.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Bendamustine Hydrochloride/therapeutic use
- COVID-19/immunology
- COVID-19/therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Humans
- Immunization, Passive/methods
- Immunoglobulin A/blood
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Immunoglobulin M/blood
- Immunosuppression Therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphoid/complications
- Leukemia, Lymphoid/drug therapy
- Male
- Rituximab/therapeutic use
- SARS-CoV-2/drug effects
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- Treatment Outcome
- COVID-19 Serotherapy
- COVID-19 Drug Treatment
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Zimmerli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Monti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Medical Education Unit, School of Medicine, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Isabella Eckerle
- Laboratory of Virology and Geneva Centre for Emerging Viral Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Beigelman-Aubry
- Department of Radiology and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Pellaton
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katia Jaton
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Dumas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gian-Marco Stamm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Infanti
- Regional Blood Transfusion Service, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Daphné Germann
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Mean
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Stadelmann
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maura Prella
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denis Comte
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Guery
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Gachoud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Medical Education Unit, School of Medicine, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Rufer
- Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC, Epalinges, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
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Humbel M, Bellanger F, Fluder N, Horisberger A, Suffiotti M, Fenwick C, Ribi C, Comte D. Restoration of NK Cell Cytotoxic Function With Elotuzumab and Daratumumab Promotes Elimination of Circulating Plasma Cells in Patients With SLE. Front Immunol 2021; 12:645478. [PMID: 33828555 PMCID: PMC8019934 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.645478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by multiple cellular and molecular dysfunctions of the innate and adaptive immunity. Cytotoxic function of NK cells is compromised in patients with SLE. Herein, we characterized the phenotypic alterations of SLE NK cells in a comprehensive manner to further delineate the mechanisms underlying the cytotoxic dysfunction of SLE NK cells and identify novel potential therapeutic targets. Therefore, we examined PBMC from SLE patients and matched healthy controls by single-cell mass cytometry to assess the phenotype of NK cells. In addition, we evaluated the cell function of NK cells (degranulation and cytokine production) and the killing of B cell subpopulations in a B cell-NK cell in vitro co-culture model. We found that SLE NK cells expressed higher levels of CD38 and were not able to adequately upregulate SLAMF1 and SLAMF7 following activation. In addition, ligation of SLAMF7 with elotuzumab or of CD38 with daratumumab on SLE NK cells enhanced degranulation of both healthy and SLE NK cells and primed them to kill circulating plasma cells in an in vitro co-culture system. Overall, our data indicated that dysregulated expression of CD38, SLAMF1 and SLAMF7 on SLE NK cells is associated with an altered interplay between SLE NK cells and plasma cells, thus suggesting their contribution to the accumulation of (auto)antibody producing cells. Accordingly, targeting SLAMF7 and CD38 may represent novel therapeutic approaches in SLE by enhancing NK cell function and promoting elimination of circulating plasma cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Humbel
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Bellanger
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Fluder
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alice Horisberger
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Suffiotti
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camillo Ribi
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denis Comte
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ioannidou K, Ndiaye DR, Noto A, Fenwick C, Fortis SP, Pantaleo G, Petrovas C, de Leval L. In Situ Characterization of Follicular Helper CD4 T Cells Using Multiplexed Imaging. Front Immunol 2021; 11:607626. [PMID: 33633728 PMCID: PMC7901994 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.607626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper CD4 T (Tfh) cells play an essential role in the formation of germinal centers (GCs), where mature B cells proliferate, differentiate, and provide long-term protective humoral responses. Despite the extensive phenotypic characterization and identification of human Tfh cell subsets, their spatial positioning at tissue level is not well understood. Here, we describe a quantitative multiplexed immunofluorescence approach allowing for the comprehensive in situ characterization of Tfh cells in human tonsils and lymph nodes (LNs) from individuals with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). We have developed eight multiplexed panels comprising a spectrum of Tfh cell markers, like PD-1, CXCR5, and ICOS, along with transcription factors (Bcl6, Tbet, GATA3), to assess their expression, frequencies, spatial distribution and co-localization in a quantitative manner. Combined analysis of relevant markers revealed the presence of several Tfh cell subsets at tissue level based on the differential expression of surface receptors, nuclear factors as well as their distinct localization within the follicular areas. Interestingly, we found a considerable amount of tonsillar Tfh cells expressing high levels of the Th2 regulator GATA3. The co-expression of GATA3, CXCR5, and BCL6, points to an important role of GATA3 for the generation of effector human Tfh cells. Furthermore, our data revealed significantly different Tfh cell profile signatures between health and disease. Therefore, our imaging platform generates meaningful information for the in situ characterization of human Tfh cells and could provide the base for future studies aiming to a comprehensive understanding of Tfh cell tissue heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Ioannidou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daba-Rokhya Ndiaye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Noto
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sotirios P Fortis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Constantinos Petrovas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Tissue Analysis Core, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
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31
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Fenwick C, Croxatto A, Coste AT, Pojer F, André C, Pellaton C, Farina A, Campos J, Hacker D, Lau K, Bosch BJ, Gonseth Nussle S, Bochud M, D'Acremont V, Trono D, Greub G, Pantaleo G. Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike versus Nucleoprotein Antibody Responses Impact the Estimates of Infections in Population-Based Seroprevalence Studies. J Virol 2021; 95:e01828-20. [PMID: 33144321 PMCID: PMC7925109 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01828-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific antibody responses to the spike (S) protein monomer, S protein native trimeric form, or the nucleocapsid (N) proteins were evaluated in cohorts of individuals with acute infection (n = 93) and in individuals enrolled in a postinfection seroprevalence population study (n = 578) in Switzerland. Commercial assays specific for the S1 monomer, for the N protein, or within a newly developed Luminex assay using the S protein trimer were found to be equally sensitive in antibody detection in the acute-infection-phase samples. Interestingly, compared to anti-S antibody responses, those against the N protein appear to wane in the postinfection cohort. Seroprevalence in a "positive patient contacts" group (n = 177) was underestimated by N protein assays by 10.9 to 32.2%, while the "randomly selected" general population group (n = 311) was reduced by up to 45% relative to the S protein assays. The overall reduction in seroprevalence targeting only anti-N antibodies for the total cohort ranged from 9.4 to 31%. Of note, the use of the S protein in its native trimer form was significantly more sensitive compared to monomeric S proteins. These results indicate that the assessment of anti-S IgG antibody responses against the native trimeric S protein should be implemented to estimate SARS-CoV-2 infections in population-based seroprevalence studies.IMPORTANCE In the present study, we have determined SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses in sera of acute and postinfection phase subjects. Our results indicate that antibody responses against viral S and N proteins were equally sensitive in the acute phase of infection, but that responses against N appear to wane in the postinfection phase where those against the S protein persist over time. The most sensitive serological assay in both acute and postinfection phases used the native S protein trimer as the binding antigen, which has significantly greater conformational epitopes for antibody binding compared to the S1 monomer protein used in other assays. We believe these results are extremely important in order to generate correct estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the general population. Furthermore, the assessment of antibody responses against the trimeric S protein will be critical to evaluate the durability of the antibody response and for the characterization of a vaccine-induced antibody response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antony Croxatto
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alix T Coste
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Pojer
- Protein Production and Structure Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cyril André
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Pellaton
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alex Farina
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérémy Campos
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Hacker
- Protein Production and Structure Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kelvin Lau
- Protein Production and Structure Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Berend-Jan Bosch
- Virology Section, Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Semira Gonseth Nussle
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valerie D'Acremont
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Didier Trono
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gilbert Greub
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Moorlag SJCFM, Rodriguez-Rosales YA, Gillard J, Fanucchi S, Theunissen K, Novakovic B, de Bont CM, Negishi Y, Fok ET, Kalafati L, Verginis P, Mourits VP, Koeken VACM, de Bree LCJ, Pruijn GJM, Fenwick C, van Crevel R, Joosten LAB, Joosten I, Koenen H, Mhlanga MM, Diavatopoulos DA, Chavakis T, Netea MG. BCG Vaccination Induces Long-Term Functional Reprogramming of Human Neutrophils. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108387. [PMID: 33207187 PMCID: PMC7672522 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The tuberculosis vaccine bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) protects against some heterologous infections, probably via induction of non-specific innate immune memory in monocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, a process known as trained immunity. Recent studies have revealed that the induction of trained immunity is associated with a bias toward granulopoiesis in bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells, but it is unknown whether BCG vaccination also leads to functional reprogramming of mature neutrophils. Here, we show that BCG vaccination of healthy humans induces long-lasting changes in neutrophil phenotype, characterized by increased expression of activation markers and antimicrobial function. The enhanced function of human neutrophils persists for at least 3 months after vaccination and is associated with genome-wide epigenetic modifications in trimethylation at histone 3 lysine 4. Functional reprogramming of neutrophils by the induction of trained immunity might offer novel therapeutic strategies in clinical conditions that could benefit from modulation of neutrophil effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yessica Alina Rodriguez-Rosales
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Joshua Gillard
- Section Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephanie Fanucchi
- Division of Chemical, Systems & Synthetic Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease & Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kate Theunissen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cynthia M de Bont
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yutaka Negishi
- Epigenomics & Single Cell Biophysics Group, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ezio T Fok
- Epigenomics & Single Cell Biophysics Group, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lydia Kalafati
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Panayotis Verginis
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Vera P Mourits
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Valerie A C M Koeken
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) & TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - L Charlotte J de Bree
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines, Bandim Health Project, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark; Odense Patient Data Explorative Network, University of Southern Denmark/Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Reinout van Crevel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Irma Joosten
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Koenen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Musa M Mhlanga
- Epigenomics & Single Cell Biophysics Group, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dimitri A Diavatopoulos
- Section Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Moi L, Bouchaab H, Mederos N, Nguyen-Ngoc T, Perreau M, Fenwick C, Vaucher J, Sempoux C, Peters S, Obeid M. Personalized Cytokine-Directed Therapy With Tocilizumab for Refractory Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Cholangiohepatitis. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 16:318-326. [PMID: 32956849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For patients with corticosteroid (CS)-refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cholangiohepatitis (irCH), no consensus exists regarding treatment, and outcomes remain poor. We evaluated the possibility of personalized treatment according to the patient's cytokine profile and the immunohistopathologic assessment of the predominant immune infiltrate type of liver tissue. METHODS NSCLCs with CS-refractory irCH were analyzed by immunohistochemistry of liver biopsy specimen, serum cytokine panel, and assessment of peripheral blood mononuclear cell immune cell monitoring by mass cytometry. RESULTS A total of three consecutive patients with irCH were identified. We found a predominant T-cell infiltrate and an interferon-gamma or T helper 1 proinflammatory cytokine profile. Here, we report for the first time that a T-cell-targeted therapy with the interleukin (IL)-6 receptor-neutralizing antibody tocilizumab, which inhibits signaling downstream of interferon-gamma and several other Janus kinase-dependent cytokines, is an effective single cytokine-directed therapy for CS-refractory irCH. Three patients with severe, CS-refractory irCH who were treated with tocilizumab were found to have persistent clinical and biological remission. CONCLUSIONS Dysregulation of the IL-6/T-cell axis may contribute to the pathogenesis of CS-refractory irCH. Our observations suggest that IL-6 blockade seems to have promise in the treatment of CS-refractory irCH. The results from our three patients need to be confirmed in a larger patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moi
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hasna Bouchaab
- Service of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nuria Mederos
- Service of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tu Nguyen-Ngoc
- Service of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Vaucher
- University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christine Sempoux
- University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Solange Peters
- Service of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland; University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Obeid
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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34
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Özdemir BC, Latifyan S, Perreau M, Fenwick C, Alberio L, Waeber G, Spertini F, de Leval L, Michielin O, Obeid M. Cytokine-directed therapy with tocilizumab for immune checkpoint inhibitor-related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1775-1778. [PMID: 32858151 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.2101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B C Özdemir
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Service of Medical Oncology Department of Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; International Cancer Prevention Institute, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - S Latifyan
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Service of Medical Oncology Department of Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Perreau
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Fenwick
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Alberio
- University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Service of Hematology Division, Department of Oncology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G Waeber
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Spertini
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L de Leval
- University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - O Michielin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Service of Medical Oncology Department of Oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Obeid
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland; University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Abstract
The T‐cell response is central in the adaptive immune‐mediated elimination of pathogen‐infected and/or cancer cells. This activated T‐cell response can inflict an overwhelming degree of damage to the targeted cells, which in most instances leads to the control and elimination of foreign invaders. However, in conditions of chronic infection, persistent exposure of T cells to high levels of antigen results in a severe T‐cell dysfunctional state called exhaustion. T‐cell exhaustion leads to a suboptimal immune‐mediated control of multiple viral infections including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In this review, we will discuss the role of T‐cell exhaustion in HIV disease progression, the long‐term defect of T‐cell function even in aviremic patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART), the role of exhaustion‐specific markers in maintaining a reservoir of latently infected cells, and exploiting these markers in HIV cure strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Victor Joo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Jacquier
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Noto
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Riddhima Banga
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Pinto D, Fenwick C, Caillat C, Silacci C, Guseva S, Dehez F, Chipot C, Barbieri S, Minola A, Jarrossay D, Tomaras GD, Shen X, Riva A, Tarkowski M, Schwartz O, Bruel T, Dufloo J, Seaman MS, Montefiori DC, Lanzavecchia A, Corti D, Pantaleo G, Weissenhorn W. Structural Basis for Broad HIV-1 Neutralization by the MPER-Specific Human Broadly Neutralizing Antibody LN01. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 26:623-637.e8. [PMID: 31653484 PMCID: PMC6854463 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are the hallmark of HIV-1 protection by vaccination. The membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of the HIV-1 gp41 fusion protein is targeted by the most broadly reactive HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies. Here, we examine the structural and molecular mechansims of neutralization by anti-MPER bnAb, LN01, which was isolated from lymph-node-derived germinal center B cells of an elite controller and exhibits broad neutralization breadth. LN01 engages both MPER and the transmembrane (TM) region, which together form a continuous helix in complex with LN01. The tilted TM orientation allows LN01 to interact simultaneously with the peptidic component of the MPER epitope and membrane via two specific lipid binding sites of the antibody paratope. Although LN01 carries a high load of somatic mutations, most key residues interacting with the MPER epitope and lipids are germline encoded, lending support for the LN01 epitope as a candidate for lineage-based vaccine development. bNAb LN01 neutralizes 92% of a 118-strain virus panel LN01 targets the HIV-1 gp41 MPER, the TM region, and lipids LN01-complexed MPER forms a continuous helix with TM Most LN01 paratope residues interacting with MPER-TM and lipids are germline encoded
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Pinto
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona 6500, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Caillat
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Chiara Silacci
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona 6500, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Serafima Guseva
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - François Dehez
- LPCT, UMR 7019 Université de Lorraine CNRS, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Laboratoire International Associé CNRS and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, LPCT, UMR 7019 Universiteé de Lorraine CNRS, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54500, France
| | - Christophe Chipot
- LPCT, UMR 7019 Université de Lorraine CNRS, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Laboratoire International Associé CNRS and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, LPCT, UMR 7019 Universiteé de Lorraine CNRS, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54500, France; Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sonia Barbieri
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona 6500, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Minola
- Humabs Biomed SA, Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - David Jarrossay
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona 6500, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Georgia D Tomaras
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75013, France
| | | | - Agostino Riva
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; III Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Maciej Tarkowski
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Olivier Schwartz
- Institut Pasteur, Virus & Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris 75015, France; Vaccine Research Institute, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Timothée Bruel
- Institut Pasteur, Virus & Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris 75015, France; Vaccine Research Institute, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Jérémy Dufloo
- Institut Pasteur, Virus & Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris 75015, France; Vaccine Research Institute, 94000 Créteil, France; Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75013, France
| | - Michael S Seaman
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Davide Corti
- Humabs Biomed SA, Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland.
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Winfried Weissenhorn
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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Ascione A, Arenaccio C, Mallano A, Flego M, Gellini M, Andreotti M, Fenwick C, Pantaleo G, Vella S, Federico M. Development of a novel human phage display-derived anti-LAG3 scFv antibody targeting CD8 + T lymphocyte exhaustion. BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:67. [PMID: 31623599 PMCID: PMC6798348 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0559-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphocyte-activation gene (LAG)3 is a 498 aa transmembrane type I protein acting as an immune inhibitory receptor. It is expressed on activated lymphocytes, natural killer cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. In activated lymphocytes, LAG3 expression is involved in negative control of cell activation/proliferation to ensure modulation and control of immune responses. In view of its deregulated expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, LAG3, together with the additional immune checkpoint inhibitors CTLA4 and PD1, is considered a major target in order to reverse the immunosuppression typically mounting in oncologic diseases. Since many patients still fail to respond to current immune checkpoints-based therapies, the identification of new effective immune inhibitors is a priority in the ongoing fight against cancer. RESULTS We identified a novel human single-chain variable fragment (scFv) Ab against a conformational epitope of LAG3 by in vitro phage display technology using the recombinant antigen as a bait. This scFv (referred to as F7) was characterized in terms of binding specificity to both recombinant antigen and human LAG3-expressing cells. It was then rebuilt into an IgG format pre-optimized for clinical usage, and the resulting bivalent construct was shown to preserve its ability to bind LAG3 on human cells. Next, we analyzed the activity of the anti-LAG3 scFvF7 using two different antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocyte clones as target cells. We proved that the reconstituted anti-LAG3 F7 Ab efficiently binds the cell membrane of both cell clones after peptide-activation. Still more significantly, we observed a striking increase in the peptide-dependent cell activation upon Ab treatment as measured in terms of IFN-γ release by both ELISA and ELISPOT assays. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the biotechnological strategy described herein represents a guiding development model for the search of novel useful immune checkpoint inhibitors. In addition, our functional data propose a novel candidate reagent for consideration as a cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ascione
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Claudia Arenaccio
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mallano
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Flego
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Gellini
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Andreotti
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Vella
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Federico
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
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Banga R, Rebecchini C, Procopio FA, Noto A, Munoz O, Ioannidou K, Fenwick C, Ohmiti K, Cavassini M, Corpataux JM, de Leval L, Pantaleo G, Perreau M. Lymph node migratory dendritic cells modulate HIV-1 transcription through PD-1 engagement. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007918. [PMID: 31329640 PMCID: PMC6675123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
T-follicular helper (Tfh) cells, co-expressing PD-1 and TIGIT, serve as a major cell reservoir for HIV-1 and are responsible for active and persistent HIV-1 transcription after prolonged antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the precise mechanisms regulating HIV-1 transcription in lymph nodes (LNs) remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the potential role of immune checkpoint (IC)/IC-Ligand (IC-L) interactions on HIV-1 transcription in LN-microenvironment. We show that PD-L1 (PD-1-ligand) and CD155 (TIGIT-ligand) are predominantly co-expressed on LN migratory (CD1chighCCR7+CD127+) dendritic cells (DCs), that locate predominantly in extra-follicular areas in ART treated individuals. We demonstrate that TCR-mediated HIV production is suppressed in vitro in the presence of recombinant PD-L1 or CD155 and, more importantly, when LN migratory DCs are co-cultured with PD-1+/Tfh cells. These results indicate that LN migratory DCs expressing IC-Ls may more efficiently restrict HIV-1 transcription in the extra-follicular areas and explain the persistence of HIV transcription in PD-1+/Tfh cells after prolonged ART within germinal centers. Increasing number of evidences indicate that B-cell follicles might be anatomical sanctuaries for active transcription in both HIV/SIV viremic controllers and in ART treated aviremic HIV-infected individuals. While multiple mechanisms may be involved in the regulation of HIV transcription, recent studies suggested that immune checkpoint molecule (IC) signaling may contribute to maintain HIV-1 latency in infected CD4 T cells. These observations prompted us to investigate the involvement of IC/IC-L interactions in the regulation of HIV-1 transcription in lymph node (LN) tissues. In the present study, we show that T follicular helper (Tfh) cells predominantly co-expressed PD-1 and TIGIT, which were functionally active. An in-depth mass cytometry analysis revealed that PD-L1, PD-L2 (PD-1 ligands) and CD155 (TIGIT-ligand) were predominantly co-expressed on a specific LN dendritic cell (DC) subpopulation expressing markers of migratory DCs. We subsequently demonstrated that LN migratory DCs, locating predominantly in LN extra-follicular areas, could modulate HIV-1 transcription by a mechanism involving PD-L1/PD-1 interactions. Interestingly, the frequency of LN migratory DCs inversely correlated with HIV-1 transcription from LN memory CD4 T cells, suggesting that IC-L expressing migratory DCs might contribute to control HIV-1 transcription and maintain HIV-1 latency in extra-follicular areas. These findings represent a step forward in our understanding of potential mechanisms contributing to the regulation of HIV persistence in lymphoid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riddhima Banga
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Caterina Rebecchini
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Andrea Procopio
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Noto
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Munoz
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kalliopi Ioannidou
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Khalid Ohmiti
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Cavassini
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Corpataux
- Service of Vascular Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Fenwick C, Loredo-Varela JL, Joo V, Pellaton C, Farina A, Rajah N, Esteves-Leuenberger L, Decaillon T, Suffiotti M, Noto A, Ohmiti K, Gottardo R, Weissenhorn W, Pantaleo G. Tumor suppression of novel anti-PD-1 antibodies mediated through CD28 costimulatory pathway. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1525-1541. [PMID: 31123083 PMCID: PMC6605749 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20182359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel anti–PD-1 antibodies (Abs) not blocking the PD-1–PDL-1 interaction are presented with equivalent antagonistic activity to classical blocking anti–PD-1 Abs and have distinct mechanisms of action that synergize in functional recovery of exhausted CD8 T cells and enhancing tumor suppression in an immunogenic mouse tumor model. Classical antagonistic antibodies (Abs) targeting PD-1, such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab, act through blockade of the PD-1–PDL-1 interaction. Here, we have identified novel antagonistic anti–PD-1 Abs not blocking the PD-1–PDL-1 interaction. The nonblocking Abs recognize epitopes on PD-1 located on the opposing face of the PDL-1 interaction and overlap with a newly identified evolutionarily conserved patch. These nonblocking Abs act predominantly through the CD28 coreceptor. Importantly, a combination of blocking and nonblocking Abs synergize in the functional recovery of antigen-specific exhausted CD8 T cells. Interestingly, nonblocking anti–PD-1 Abs have equivalent antitumor activity compared with blocker Abs in two mouse tumor models, and combination therapy using both classes of Abs enhanced tumor suppression in the mouse immunogenic tumor model. The identification of the novel nonblocker anti–PD-1 Abs and their synergy with classical blocker Abs may be instrumental in potentiating immunotherapy strategies and antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Juan-Luis Loredo-Varela
- University Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble, France
| | - Victor Joo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Pellaton
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alex Farina
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Navina Rajah
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Line Esteves-Leuenberger
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thibaut Decaillon
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Suffiotti
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Noto
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Khalid Ohmiti
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Gottardo
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Winfried Weissenhorn
- University Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble, France
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland .,Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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40
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Fenwick C, Loredo-Varela JL, Joo V, Pellaton C, Farina A, Rajah N, Decaillon T, Esteves-Leuenberger L, Suffiotti M, Ohmiti K, Gottardo R, Weissenhorn W, Pantaleo G. Novel anti-PD-1 antibodies not acting through PD-1/pdl-1 blockade that enhance tumor clearance. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.e15118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Leipold MD, Obermoser G, Fenwick C, Kleinstuber K, Rashidi N, McNevin JP, Nau AN, Wagar LE, Rozot V, Davis MM, DeRosa S, Pantaleo G, Scriba TJ, Walker BD, Olsen LR, Maecker HT. Comparison of CyTOF assays across sites: Results of a six-center pilot study. J Immunol Methods 2017; 453:37-43. [PMID: 29174717 PMCID: PMC5805584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For more than five years, high-dimensional mass cytometry has been employed to study immunology. However, these studies have typically been performed in one laboratory on one or few instruments. We present the results of a six-center study using healthy control human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and commercially available reagents to test the intra-site and inter-site variation of mass cytometers and operators. We used prestained controls generated by the primary center as a reference to compare against samples stained at each individual center. Data were analyzed at the primary center, including investigating the effects of two normalization methods. All six sites performed similarly, with CVs for both Frequency of Parent and median signal intensity (MSI) values < 30%. Increased background was seen when using the premixed antibody cocktail aliquots at each site, suggesting that cocktails are best made fresh. Both normalization methods tested performed adequately for normalizing MSI values between centers. Clustering algorithms revealed slight differences between the prestained and the sites-stained samples, due mostly to the increased background of a few antibodies. Therefore, we believe that multicenter mass cytometry assays are feasible. A multicenter mass cytometry study was performed among six international centers. A premixed antibody cocktail resulted in higher background for a few antibodies. Manual gating and clustering algorithms demonstrate that all sites were adequately consistent in performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Leipold
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | | | - Craig Fenwick
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Narges Rashidi
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John P McNevin
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allison N Nau
- Institute for Transplantation and Immunity, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lisa E Wagar
- Institute for Transplantation and Immunity, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Virginie Rozot
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark M Davis
- Institute for Transplantation and Immunity, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stephen DeRosa
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Thomas J Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bruce D Walker
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lars R Olsen
- DTU Bioinformatics, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holden T Maecker
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Fader LD, Bailey M, Beaulieu E, Bilodeau F, Bonneau P, Bousquet Y, Carson RJ, Chabot C, Coulombe R, Duan J, Fenwick C, Garneau M, Halmos T, Jakalian A, James C, Kawai SH, Landry S, LaPlante SR, Mason SW, Morin S, Rioux N, Simoneau B, Surprenant S, Thavonekham B, Thibeault C, Trinh T, Tsantrizos Y, Tsoung J, Yoakim C, Wernic D. Aligning Potency and Pharmacokinetic Properties for Pyridine-Based NCINIs. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:797-801. [PMID: 27563405 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimization of pyridine-based noncatalytic site integrase inhibitors (NCINIs) based on compound 2 has led to the discovery of molecules capable of inhibiting virus harboring N124 variants of HIV integrase (IN) while maintaining minimal contribution of enterohepatic recirculation to clearance in rat. Structure-activity relationships at the C6 position established chemical space where the extent of enterohepatic recirculation in the rat is minimized. Desymmetrization of the C4 substituent allowed for potency optimization against virus having the N124 variant of integrase. Combination of these lessons led to the discovery of compound 20, having balanced serum-shifted antiviral potency and minimized excretion in to the biliary tract in rat, potentially representing a clinically viable starting point for a new treatment option for individuals infected with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee D. Fader
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Murray Bailey
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Eric Beaulieu
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - François Bilodeau
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Pierre Bonneau
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Yves Bousquet
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Rebekah J. Carson
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Catherine Chabot
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - René Coulombe
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Jianmin Duan
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Michel Garneau
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Ted Halmos
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Araz Jakalian
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Clint James
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Stephen H. Kawai
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Serge Landry
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Steven R. LaPlante
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Stephen W. Mason
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Sebastien Morin
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Nathalie Rioux
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Bruno Simoneau
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Simon Surprenant
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Bounkham Thavonekham
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Carl Thibeault
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Thao Trinh
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Youla Tsantrizos
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Jennifer Tsoung
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Christiane Yoakim
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Dominik Wernic
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
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Fenwick C, Pellaton C, Farina A, Radja N, Pantaleo G. Identification of novel antagonistic anti-PD-1 antibodies that are non-blocking of the PD-1 / PD-L1 interaction. J Clin Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.15_suppl.3072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Herderschee J, Fenwick C, Pantaleo G, Roger T, Calandra T. Emerging single-cell technologies in immunology. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 98:23-32. [PMID: 25908734 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.6ru0115-020r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During evolution, the immune system has diversified to protect the host from the extremely wide array of possible pathogens. Until recently, immune responses were dissected by use of global approaches and bulk tools, averaging responses across samples and potentially missing particular contributions of individual cells. This is a strongly limiting factor, considering that initial immune responses are likely to be triggered by a restricted number of cells at the vanguard of host defenses. The development of novel, single-cell technologies is a major innovation offering great promise for basic and translational immunology with the potential to overcome some of the limitations of traditional research tools, such as polychromatic flow cytometry or microscopy-based methods. At the transcriptional level, much progress has been made in the fields of microfluidics and single-cell RNA sequencing. At the protein level, mass cytometry already allows the analysis of twice as many parameters as flow cytometry. In this review, we explore the basis and outcome of immune-cell diversity, how genetically identical cells become functionally different, and the consequences for the exploration of host-immune defense responses. We will highlight the advantages, trade-offs, and potential pitfalls of emerging, single-cell-based technologies and how they provide unprecedented detail of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobus Herderschee
- *Infectious Diseases Service and Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; and Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig Fenwick
- *Infectious Diseases Service and Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; and Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- *Infectious Diseases Service and Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; and Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Roger
- *Infectious Diseases Service and Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; and Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Calandra
- *Infectious Diseases Service and Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; and Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne, Switzerland
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45
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Fader LD, Carson R, Morin S, Bilodeau F, Chabot C, Halmos T, Bailey MD, Kawai SH, Coulombe R, Laplante S, Mekhssian K, Jakalian A, Garneau M, Duan J, Mason SW, Simoneau B, Fenwick C, Tsantrizos Y, Yoakim C. Minimizing the Contribution of Enterohepatic Recirculation to Clearance in Rat for the NCINI Class of Inhibitors of HIV. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:711-6. [PMID: 24944749 DOI: 10.1021/ml500110j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A scaffold replacement approach was used to identifying the pyridine series of noncatalytic site integrase inhibitors. These molecules bind with higher affinity to a tetrameric form compared to a dimeric form of integrase. Optimization of the C6 and C4 positions revealed that viruses harboring T124 or A124 amino acid substitutions are highly susceptible to these inhibitors, but viruses having the N124 amino acid substitution are about 100-fold less susceptible. Compound 20 had EC50 values <10 nM against viruses having T124 or A124 substitutions in IN and >800 nM in viruses having N124 substitions. Compound 20 had an excellent in vitro ADME profile and demonstrated reduced contribution of biliary excretion to in vivo clearance compared to BI 224436, the lead compound from the quinoline series of NCINIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee D. Fader
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Rebekah Carson
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Sébastien Morin
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - François Bilodeau
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Catherine Chabot
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Ted Halmos
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Murray D. Bailey
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Stephen H. Kawai
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - René Coulombe
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Steven Laplante
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Kevork Mekhssian
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Araz Jakalian
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Michel Garneau
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Jianmin Duan
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Stephen W. Mason
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Bruno Simoneau
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Youla Tsantrizos
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Christiane Yoakim
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
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46
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Fader LD, Malenfant E, Parisien M, Carson R, Bilodeau F, Landry S, Pesant M, Brochu C, Morin S, Chabot C, Halmos T, Bousquet Y, Bailey MD, Kawai SH, Coulombe R, LaPlante S, Jakalian A, Bhardwaj PK, Wernic D, Schroeder P, Amad M, Edwards P, Garneau M, Duan J, Cordingley M, Bethell R, Mason SW, Bös M, Bonneau P, Poupart MA, Faucher AM, Simoneau B, Fenwick C, Yoakim C, Tsantrizos Y. Discovery of BI 224436, a Noncatalytic Site Integrase Inhibitor (NCINI) of HIV-1. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:422-7. [PMID: 24900852 DOI: 10.1021/ml500002n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An assay recapitulating the 3' processing activity of HIV-1 integrase (IN) was used to screen the Boehringer Ingelheim compound collection. Hit-to-lead and lead optimization beginning with compound 1 established the importance of the C3 and C4 substituent to antiviral potency against viruses with different aa124/aa125 variants of IN. The importance of the C7 position on the serum shifted potency was established. Introduction of a quinoline substituent at the C4 position provided a balance of potency and metabolic stability. Combination of these findings ultimately led to the discovery of compound 26 (BI 224436), the first NCINI to advance into a phase Ia clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee D. Fader
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Eric Malenfant
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Mathieu Parisien
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Rebekah Carson
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - François Bilodeau
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Serge Landry
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Marc Pesant
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Christian Brochu
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Sébastien Morin
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Catherine Chabot
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Ted Halmos
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Yves Bousquet
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Murray D. Bailey
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Stephen H. Kawai
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - René Coulombe
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Steven LaPlante
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Araz Jakalian
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Punit K. Bhardwaj
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Dominik Wernic
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Patricia Schroeder
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Ma’an Amad
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Paul Edwards
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Michel Garneau
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Jianmin Duan
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Michael Cordingley
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Richard Bethell
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Stephen W. Mason
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Michael Bös
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Pierre Bonneau
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Marc-André Poupart
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Faucher
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Bruno Simoneau
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Christiane Yoakim
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
| | - Youla Tsantrizos
- Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec H7S 2G5, Canada
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Gingras R, Mekhssian K, Fenwick C, White PW, Thibeault D. Human rhinovirus VPg uridylylation AlphaScreen for high-throughput screening. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 19:259-69. [PMID: 23813021 DOI: 10.1177/1087057113494805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As an obligate step for picornaviruses to replicate their genome, the small viral peptide VPg must first be specifically conjugated with uridine nucleotides at a conserved tyrosine hydroxyl group. The resulting VPg-pUpU serves as the primer for genome replication. The uridylylation reaction requires the coordinated activity of many components, including the viral polymerase, a conserved internal RNA stem loop structure, and additional viral proteins. Formation of this complex and the resulting conjugation reaction catalyzed by the polymerase, offers a number of biochemical targets for inhibition of an essential process in the viral life cycle. Therefore, an assay recapitulating uridylylation would provide multiple opportunities for discovering potential antiviral agents. Our goal was to identify inhibitors of human rhinovirus (HRV) VPg uridylylation, which might ultimately be useful to reduce or prevent HRV-induced lower airway immunologic inflammatory responses, a major cause of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. We have reconstituted the complex uridylylation reaction in an AlphaScreen suitable for high-throughput screening, in which a rabbit polyclonal antiserum specific for uridylylated VPg serves as a key reagent. Assay results were validated by quantitative mass spectrometric detection of uridylylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rock Gingras
- 1Biological Sciences Department, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Laval, QC, Canada
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48
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Han YS, Quashie P, Mesplede T, Xu H, Mekhssian K, Fenwick C, Wainberg MA. A high-throughput assay for HIV-1 integrase 3'-processing activity using time-resolved fluorescence. J Virol Methods 2012; 184:34-40. [PMID: 22584270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
HIV-1 integrase (HIV-1 IN), a well-validated antiviral drug target, catalyzes multistep reactions to incorporate viral DNA into the genome of the host cell; these include both a 3'-processing (3'P) reaction and a strand transfer reaction. These enzymatic activities can be measured in vitro with short DNA oligonucleotides that mimic a single viral LTR DNA end and purified IN. A highly sensitive and reproducible time-resolved fluorescence (TRF)-based assay for HIV-1 IN 3'P activity is now reported. This assay was optimized with respect to time and concentrations of metal ions, substrate and enzyme. The assay has now been used successfully to measure HIV-1 IN 3'P activity and has been shown to detect the anti-IN activity of several known 3'P inhibition compounds accurately. This assay, which is amenable to high-throughput screening, will be useful for identification of additional HIV-1 IN 3'P inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Shan Han
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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49
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Griffiths BS, Kuan HL, Ritz K, Glover LA, McCaig AE, Fenwick C. The relationship between microbial community structure and functional stability, tested experimentally in an upland pasture soil. Microb Ecol 2004; 47:104-13. [PMID: 15259275 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-002-2043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Soil collected from an upland pasture was manipulated experimentally in ways shown previously to alter microbial community structure. One set of soil was subjected to chloroform fumigation for 0, 0.5, 2, or 24 h and the other was sterilised by gamma-irradiation and inoculated with a 10(-2), 10(-4), 10(-6), or 10(-8) dilution of a soil suspension prepared from unsterilized soil. Following incubation for 8 months, to allow for the stabilization of microbial biomass and activity, the resulting microbial community structure (determined by PCR-DGGE of bacterial specific amplification products of total soil DNA) was assessed. In addition, the functional stability (defined here as the resistance and resilience of short-term decomposition of plant residues to a transient heat or a persistent copper perturbation) was determined. Changes in the active bacterial population following perturbation (determined by RT-PCR-DGGE of total soil RNA) were also monitored. The manipulations resulted in distinct shifts in microbial community structure as shown by PCR-DGGE profiles, but no significant decreases in the number of bands. These shifts in microbial community structure were associated with a reduction in functional stability. The clear correlation between altered microbial community structure and functional stability observed in this upland pasture soil was not evident when the same protocols were applied to soils in other studies. RT-PCR-DGGE profiles only detected a shift in the active bacterial population following heat, but not copper, perturbation. We conclude that the functional stability of decomposition is related to specific components of the microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Griffiths
- Plant-Soil Interface Programme, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK.
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50
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Fenwick C, Marmor S, Govindaraju K, English AM, Wishart JF, Sun J. Rate of Intramolecular Reduction of Oxyferryl Iron in Horse Heart Myoglobin. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00086a075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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