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Bhattacharyya P, Chen W, Huang X, Chatterjee S, Huang B, Kobrin B, Lyu Y, Smart TJ, Block M, Wang E, Wang Z, Wu W, Hsieh S, Ma H, Mandyam S, Chen B, Davis E, Geballe ZM, Zu C, Struzhkin V, Jeanloz R, Moore JE, Cui T, Galli G, Halperin BI, Laumann CR, Yao NY. Imaging the Meissner effect in hydride superconductors using quantum sensors. Nature 2024; 627:73-79. [PMID: 38418887 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
By directly altering microscopic interactions, pressure provides a powerful tuning knob for the exploration of condensed phases and geophysical phenomena1. The megabar regime represents an interesting frontier, in which recent discoveries include high-temperature superconductors, as well as structural and valence phase transitions2-6. However, at such high pressures, many conventional measurement techniques fail. Here we demonstrate the ability to perform local magnetometry inside a diamond anvil cell with sub-micron spatial resolution at megabar pressures. Our approach uses a shallow layer of nitrogen-vacancy colour centres implanted directly within the anvil7-9; crucially, we choose a crystal cut compatible with the intrinsic symmetries of the nitrogen-vacancy centre to enable functionality at megabar pressures. We apply our technique to characterize a recently discovered hydride superconductor, CeH9 (ref. 10). By performing simultaneous magnetometry and electrical transport measurements, we observe the dual signatures of superconductivity: diamagnetism characteristic of the Meissner effect and a sharp drop of the resistance to near zero. By locally mapping both the diamagnetic response and flux trapping, we directly image the geometry of superconducting regions, showing marked inhomogeneities at the micron scale. Our work brings quantum sensing to the megabar frontier and enables the closed-loop optimization of superhydride materials synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bhattacharyya
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - W Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - X Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - S Chatterjee
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - B Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - B Kobrin
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Y Lyu
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - T J Smart
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Block
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - E Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - W Wu
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S Hsieh
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - H Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S Mandyam
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - B Chen
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - E Davis
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Z M Geballe
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC, USA
| | - C Zu
- Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - V Struzhkin
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - R Jeanloz
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J E Moore
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - T Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - G Galli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Materials Science Division and Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - B I Halperin
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - C R Laumann
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Y Yao
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Bhaumik D, Salzman E, Davis E, Blostein F, Li G, Neiswanger K, Weyant R, Crout R, McNeil D, Marazita M, Foxman B. Plaque Microbiome in Caries-Active and Caries-Free Teeth by Dentition. JDR Clin Trans Res 2024; 9:61-71. [PMID: 36154330 PMCID: PMC10725180 DOI: 10.1177/23800844221121260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Describe associations between dental caries and dental plaque microbiome, by dentition and family membership. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis included 584 participants in the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia Cohort 1 (COHRA1). We sequenced the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V4 region) of frozen supragingival plaque, collected 10 y prior, from 185 caries-active (enamel and dentinal) and 565 caries-free (no lesions) teeth using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Sequences were filtered using the R DADA2 package and assigned taxonomy using the Human Oral Microbiome Database. RESULTS Microbiomes of caries-active and caries-free teeth were most similar in primary dentition and least similar in permanent dentition, but caries-active teeth were significantly less diverse than caries-free teeth in all dentition types. Streptococcus mutans had greater relative abundance in caries-active than caries-free teeth in all dentition types (P < 0.01), as did Veillonella dispar in primary and mixed dentition (P < 0.01). Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 had significantly higher relative abundance in caries-free than caries-active teeth in all dentition types (P < 0.01). In a linear mixed model adjusted for confounders, the relative abundance of S. mutans was significantly greater in plaque from caries-active than caries-free teeth (P < 0.001), and the relative abundance of Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 was significantly lower in plaque from caries-active than caries-free teeth (P < 0.001). Adding an effect for family improved model fit for Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 but notS. mutans. CONCLUSIONS The diversity of supragingival plaque composition from caries-active and caries-free teeth changed with dentition, but S. mutans was positively and Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 was negatively associated with caries regardless of dentition. There was a strong effect of family on the associations of Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 with the caries-free state, but this was not true for S. mutans and the caries-active state. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Patients' and dentists' concerns about transmission of bacteria within families causing caries should be tempered by the evidence that some shared bacteria may contribute to good oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Bhaumik
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E. Salzman
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E. Davis
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F. Blostein
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - G. Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K. Neiswanger
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R.J. Weyant
- Dental Public Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R. Crout
- Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - D.W. McNeil
- Departments of Psychology and Dental Practice & Rural Health, and Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - M.L. Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health; Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - B. Foxman
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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AbuRahma AF, AbuRahma ZT, Santini A, Beasley M, Davis M, Lee A, Veith C, Roshdy M, Dean LS, Davis E. A single-center experience of 30-day perioperative and one year clinical outcomes of transcarotid artery revascularization in 100 consecutive patients. Vascular 2023; 31:1161-1172. [PMID: 35634873 DOI: 10.1177/17085381221106330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcarotid Artery Revascularization (TCAR) using the ENROUTE system (Silk Road) has been proposed as a safe and effective alternative to both carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and transfemoral carotid artery stenting (TF-CAS). Two large registries (ROADSTER 1 and ROADSTER 2) have shown that TCAR has acceptable/low rates of perioperative stroke/death. This study will analyze the 30-day perioperative and 1-year clinical outcomes from a single-center. PATIENT POPULATION AND METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from SVS/VQI TCAR surveillance project (TSP) of 100 consecutive patients (102 TCAR procedures) done in our institution. These procedures were done for high-risk patients for CEA, which included anatomical (previous CEA, high cervical lesion, neck radiation, stoma, arch type, etc.), physiological (CHF, severe coronary artery disease, COPD on O2 therapy, etc.) and combined anatomical/physiological reasons. These procedures were done by vascular surgeons after receiving the appropriate training. The perioperative stroke, death, and MI rates were analyzed. Kaplan Meyer analysis was used to estimate rate of freedom from stroke/death and the incidence of ≥50% and ≥80% in-stent restenosis at 1 year. RESULTS 100 consecutive high-risk patients for CEA included: 38% anatomical, 44% physiological, and 18% combined anatomical and physiological reasons. The mean age was 72.5 years (range 52-90 years). Indications for TCAR were 34% for symptomatic lesions (TIA/stroke) and 66% for asymptomatic lesions. Mean ipsilateral treated stenosis was 80.4%. Contralateral ≥50% stenosis/occlusion was present in 31% of patients. Technical success rate was 100%. 92% had pre-stenting PTA and 26% had post-stenting PTA. The mean flow reversal time was 8.5 min (range 3-26 min). The 30-day perioperative stroke rate was 2.9% (1/67, 1.5% for asymptomatic patients), the stroke/death rate was 2.9%, and stroke/death and MI rate was 3.9% (4/102). Other perioperative complications included cranial nerve injury 3/102 (2.9%), carotid artery dissection (2%), and major hematoma (necessitated operation evacuation) (5.9%). Freedom from stroke rates and stroke/death rates at 1 year were: 90% and 89%. Freedom from ≥50% and ≥80% in-stent restenosis rates at 1 year were 82% and 90%, respectively. None of these restenosis were symptomatic except two (2/13). Freedom from reintervention rate at 1 year was 98%. CONCLUSION Although the perioperative events were somewhat higher than what has been reported in previous registries, TCAR for patients who are high-risk for CEA has a low perioperative stroke and stroke/death rates with satisfactory outcome at 1 year. Further long-term data is probably needed to verify long-term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali F AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, Charleston Area Medical Center Health System Inc, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Zachary T AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, Charleston Area Medical Center Health System Inc, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Adrian Santini
- Department of Surgery, Charleston Area Medical Center Health System Inc, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Matthew Beasley
- Department of Surgery, Charleston Area Medical Center Health System Inc, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Meghan Davis
- Department of Surgery, Charleston Area Medical Center Health System Inc, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Andrew Lee
- Department of Surgery, Charleston Area Medical Center Health System Inc, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Christina Veith
- Department of Surgery, Charleston Area Medical Center Health System Inc, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Mazen Roshdy
- Department of Surgery, Charleston Area Medical Center Health System Inc, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - L Scott Dean
- Department of Surgery, Charleston Area Medical Center Health System Inc, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Elaine Davis
- Department of Surgery, Charleston Area Medical Center Health System Inc, Charleston, WV, USA
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Black P, Britton A, Davis E, Dusan F, Gang R, Garner MG, Hamilton SA, Petrey A, Schipp M, Weerasinghe G, Wilks C. Dr Mike Nunn 9 February 1953-19 May 2023. Aust Vet J 2023; 101:460-461. [PMID: 37918954 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Black
- Essential Foresight, Mount Coolum, Queensland, Australia
| | - A Britton
- Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - E Davis
- Global Veterinary Solutions Pty Ltd, Yass, New South Wales, Australia
| | - F Dusan
- Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Barton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - R Gang
- Department of Health Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - S A Hamilton
- Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - A Petrey
- Veterinary Public Health Chapter, Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists, Eight Mile Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Schipp
- Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - G Weerasinghe
- Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - C Wilks
- Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Adhikari S, Tiwari S, Shakesprere J, Kemper S, Davis E, Carter W. Predictors and timeline of spontaneous conversion to normal sinus rhythm: A single center retrospective cohort study of patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation. Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J 2023; 23:183-188. [PMID: 37739312 PMCID: PMC10685101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ipej.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Annual healthcare expenditures associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) in the United States (US) continue to grow as more symptomatic patients present to emergency departments (ED). Predictors of spontaneous conversion to normal sinus rhythm (ScNSR) remain poorly understood, as well as the timeline of ScNSR remains unclear. We sought to 1) to assess the association of key demographics, anthropometric, and clinical factors to ScNSR and 2) to evaluate the timeline of ScNSR, and 3) determine clinical predictors of ScNSR. METHODS This single center, retrospective cohort study analyzed patients aged ≥18 years with symptomatic AF as diagnosed and evaluated through the ED of a rural tertiary care center in West Virginia from September 2015 to December 2018. RESULTS Our cohort consisted of 375 AF patients (mean age 65 years, 54% male). A total of 177 patients attained ScNSR either in the ED or after hospital admission with a mean conversion time of 14.7 h (±12). Onset of symptoms <24 hrs has strong positive association to ScNSR 3.97 (95% CI: 2.24-7.05; p < 0.0001). Male gender 0.55 (95% CI: 0.35-0.85; p = 0.007) and hypertension 0.48 (95% CI: 0.31-0.76; p = 0.002), showed a strong negative association to ScNSR. Of the patients that converted spontaneously (177), the majority, 136 (76.8%) achieved ScNSR within 24 h of ED triage without use of electrical or chemical cardioversion. CONCLUSION Most patients with AF in the ED converted spontaneously to sinus rhythm within the first 24 h which underscores the importance of earlier watchful waiting over interventions to achieve normal sinus rhythm (NSR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubash Adhikari
- Charleston Area Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, 3200 MacCorkle Ave SE, Charleston, WV, 25304, USA.
| | - Shabnam Tiwari
- Charleston Area Medical Center, 3200 MacCorkle Ave SE, Charleston, WV, 25304, USA
| | - Jonathan Shakesprere
- West Virginia University, School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Suzanne Kemper
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, 3110 MacCorkle Ave SE, Charleston, WV, 25304, USA
| | - Elaine Davis
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, 3110 MacCorkle Ave SE, Charleston, WV, 25304, USA
| | - William Carter
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, 3110 MacCorkle Ave SE, Charleston, WV, 25304, USA
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Cedillo YE, Kelly T, Davis E, Durham L, Smith DL, Kennedy RE, Fernández JR. Evaluation of food security status, psychological well-being, and stress on BMI and diet-related behaviors among a sample of college students. Public Health 2023; 224:32-40. [PMID: 37708714 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate food insecurity on body mass index (BMI) and diet-related behaviors among college students and whether psychological well-being (PWB) and stress levels mediate this relationship. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS Data from 1439 students from the American College Health Association National College Health Assessment III (Fall 2020) were used. Food security status was evaluated by the USDA Six-Item Short Form. PWB was measured using the Diener Flourishing Scale. Diet-related behaviors included the average servings of fruits, vegetables, and sugar-sweetened beverages consumed per day. Stress was measured by self-reported levels. Regression model analysis evaluated the influence of food security status, PWB, and stress levels on BMI. PWB and stress were also tested as mediators in the relationship between food insecurity and BMI. RESULTS Among our sample of college students, 44.54% (n = 641) were food insecure, and 55.46% (n = 798) were food secure. Multiple regression analysis showed that higher food insecurity, older age, full-time enrollment status, and fifth-year student status were positively associated with a higher BMI score (P < 0.05). Results from mediation models revealed that PWB, but not stress, mediated the relationship between food security and BMI among Black/African American students. Regarding diet-related behaviors, high stress levels mediated the relationship between food insecurity and sugar-sweetened beverage intake among students. CONCLUSIONS Food insecurity appears to influence BMI in college students. This relationship seems to be mediated by disrupted PWB and a higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages due to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y E Cedillo
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA.
| | - T Kelly
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA
| | - E Davis
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA
| | - L Durham
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA
| | - D L Smith
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA
| | - R E Kennedy
- Assistant Vice President for Student Health and Wellbeing, Division of Student Affairs, Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | - J R Fernández
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA
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AbuRahma Z, Williams E, Lee A, AbuRahma A, Davis-Jordan M, Veith C, Dargy N, Dean S, Davis E. Long-term durability and clinical outcome of a prospective randomized trial comparing carotid endarterectomy with ACUSEAL polytetrafluoroethylene patching versus pericardial patching. J Vasc Surg 2023; 77:1694-1699.e2. [PMID: 36958535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2023.01.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown the superiority of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) with patch closure over primary closure. However, no definite study has shown any significant differences in clinical outcome between various types of patches. Because more vascular surgeons have used pericardial patching recently, this study will analyze the late clinical outcome (≥10 years) of our previously reported prospective randomized trial comparing CEA with ACUSEAL (polytetrafluoroethylene) vs pericardial patching. METHODS A total of 200 CEAs were randomized (1:1) to either Vascu-Guard pericardial patching or ACUSEAL patching. All patients had immediate duplex ultrasound imaging, which was repeated at 6 months and annually thereafter. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate rates of freedom from stroke, stroke-free survival, and rates of freedom from ≥50% and ≥80% restenosis. RESULTS Overall demographic and clinical characteristics were somewhat similar with a mean follow-up of 80 months (range: 0-149 months). The rates of freedom from stroke were 97, 97, 97, 96, 93 for ACUSEAL vs 99, 98, 97, 97, 92 for pericardial patching (P = .1112) at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Similarly, the rates of freedom from stroke/death were 94, 93, 90, 76, 50 for ACUSEAL vs 99, 96, 91, 78, 47 for pericardial patching (P = .8591). The rates of freedom from ≥50% restenosis were 98, 98, 96, 89, 79 for ACUSEAL vs 87, 83, 83, 81, 71 for pericardial patching (P = .0489). The rates of freedom from ≥80% restenosis were 99, 99, 99, 96, 85 for ACUSEAL vs 96, 96, 96, 93, 93 for pericardial patching (P = .9407). The overall survival rates were 95, 94, 91, 77, 51 for ACUSEAL vs 100, 98, 93, 79, 50 for pericardial patching (P = .9123). Other patch complications (eg, rupture, aneurysmal dilation, infection, etc) were similar. CONCLUSIONS Both CEA with ACUSEAL (polytetrafluoroethylene) and pericardial patching are durable and have similar clinical outcomes at 10 years except that ACUSEAL patching has significantly better rates of freedom from ≥50% restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV.
| | | | - Andrew Lee
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV
| | - Ali AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV
| | | | - Christina Veith
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV
| | - Noah Dargy
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV
| | - Scott Dean
- Research Department for CAMC Hospital, CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, Charleston, WV
| | - Elaine Davis
- Research Department for CAMC Hospital, CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, Charleston, WV
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AbuRahma AF, Santini A, AbuRahma ZT, Lee A, Seal K, Veith C, Dean S, Davis E. Thirty-Day Perioperative Clinical Outcomes of Transcarotid Artery Revascularization vs Carotid Endarterectomy in a Single-Center Experience. J Am Coll Surg 2023; 236:668-674. [PMID: 36728406 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) has been proposed as a alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and transfemoral carotid artery stenting in high-risk patients. Recently Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services expanded coverage for TCAR to include standard surgical risk patients within the Society of Vascular Surgery Vascular Quality Initiative TCAR Surveillance Project. Few single centers compared the clinical outcome of TCAR with CEA. This study compares 30-day perioperative clinical outcomes between TCAR and CEA. STUDY DESIGN This is retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the TCAR Surveillance Project of TCAR patients enrolled in our institution and compared with CEAs done in the same time/with the same providers. The primary outcome was stroke and/or death. Secondary outcomes included stroke, death, MI, cranial nerve injury, bleeding, and others. Propensity matching was done to analyze outcomes. RESULTS The study analyzed 501 patients (347 CEA, 154 TCAR). There were no significant differences in symptomatic status (43% for CEA vs 38% for TCAR, p = 0.303). TCAR had more patients with hypertension (p = 0.04), coronary artery disease (p = 0.028), and congestive heart failure (p = 0.039). The 30-day perioperative complication rates for CEA vs TCAR were as follows: stroke 1% vs 3% (p = 0.142), stroke/death 1% vs 3% (p = 0.185), MI 0.6% vs 0.7% (p = 1), death 0.6% vs 0% (p = 1), stroke/death/MI 2% vs 4% (p = 0.233), cranial nerve injury 4% vs 2% (p = 0.412), and major hematoma (requiring reintervention) 2% vs 3% (p = 1). After matching 154 CEA patients and 154 TCAR, 30-day perioperative complication rates were as follows: stroke 2% vs 3% (p = 0.723), stroke/death 3% vs 3% (p = 1), death 1.3% vs 0% (p = 0.498), MI 0.7% vs 0.7% (p = 1), and stroke/death/MI 3% vs 4% (p = 0.759). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that using propensity match analysis, both CEA and TCAR have similar 30-day perioperative outcomes. Further long-term data are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali F AbuRahma
- From the Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV (AF AbuRahma, Santini, ZT AbuRahma, Lee, Seal, Veith)
| | - Adrian Santini
- From the Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV (AF AbuRahma, Santini, ZT AbuRahma, Lee, Seal, Veith)
| | - Zachary T AbuRahma
- From the Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV (AF AbuRahma, Santini, ZT AbuRahma, Lee, Seal, Veith)
| | - Andrew Lee
- From the Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV (AF AbuRahma, Santini, ZT AbuRahma, Lee, Seal, Veith)
| | - Kimberly Seal
- From the Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV (AF AbuRahma, Santini, ZT AbuRahma, Lee, Seal, Veith)
| | - Christina Veith
- From the Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV (AF AbuRahma, Santini, ZT AbuRahma, Lee, Seal, Veith)
| | - Scott Dean
- the Charleston Area Medical Center Health Education and Research Institute, Charleston, WV (Dean, Davis)
| | - Elaine Davis
- the Charleston Area Medical Center Health Education and Research Institute, Charleston, WV (Dean, Davis)
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AbuRahma Z, Williams E, Lee A, AbuRahma AF, Davis-Jordan M, Veith C, Dargy N, Dean S, Davis E. Long-Term (>10 Years) Durability and Clinical Outcome Comparing Carotid Endarterectomy With ACUSEAL (PTFE) Patching Versus Pericardial Patching: Results From a Prospective Randomized Trail. J Vasc Surg 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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AbuRahma AF, Santini A, Beasley M, Davis M, Roshdy MA, Lee A, Seal K, Dean LS, Davis E. Critical Analysis of Vertebral Artery Flow Patterns/Subclavian Steal Detected by Cerebrovascular Duplex Ultrasound Exams and Its Clinical Implications. J Vasc Surg 2022; 76:1634-1641. [PMID: 35835320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of subclavian steal (defined as retrograde/bidirectional vertebral artery flow) in the general population and in patients undergoing cerebrovascular duplex ultrasound (CDUS) exams is variable. This is the largest study to date to analyze the incidence of duplex-suggested subclavian steal in 5615 CDUS exams over a one year period and to examine its clinical implications. PATIENT POPULATION AND METHODS All consecutive CDUS exams performed over a one year period were examined for the presence of subclavian steal. Indications of testing, presence of posterior cerebral circulation/subclavian steal symptoms, and any interventions for subclavian steal were analyzed. RESULTS 171/5,615 (3.1%) were found to have subclavian steal (duplex-suggested). 117 (2.1%) had retrograde flow and 54 (1%) had bidirectional flow. 104/171 (60.8%) were left sided. Indications for CDUS were: post CEA/CAS surveillance in 39 patients (22.8%), surveillance for progression of carotid stenosis in 76 patients (44.4%), TIA/stroke in 26 patients (15%), asymptomatic screening/carotid bruit in 18 patients (10.5%) and isolated posterior cerebral circulation symptoms in 12 patients (7%). 63% of patients had associated >50% carotid stenosis. The mean arm Doppler pressure gradient was 32.2 mmHg for asymptomatic patients vs 37mmHg for patients with posterior circulation symptoms (p=.3254). There were significant differences between the mean systolic arm pressure for patients with retrograde vs antegrade vs bidirectional flow (105 mmHg vs 146 vs 134, p<.0001). All patients with retrograde flow had >50% subclavian stenosis or occlusion (100/117 had subtotal/total occlusion) except for one patient. Meanwhile, 52/54 patients with bidirectional flow had >50% subclavian stenosis (6/54 with subtotal/total occlusion) while two patients were normal/<50% stenosis (p<.0001). Overall, 26/171 patients (15.2%) had interventions for disabling symptoms. 11/26 of all interventions were for disabling arm claudication, and only 10/171 patients (5.8%) were done for disabling posterior circulation symptoms with complete resolution of symptoms in all except one. At a late follow-up with a mean of 18 mos. (range 1-37 mos.), there was no late major stroke with only two lacunar infarcts (not subclavian steal related). There were also seven late deaths, none stroke related. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of subclavian steal in patients who undergo CDUS is relatively rare. Most of these patients are asymptomatic and can be treated conservatively with only a few percentage who may need intervention for disabling symptoms with good symptom resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali F AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304.
| | - Adrian Santini
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - Matthew Beasley
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - Meghan Davis
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | | | - Andrew Lee
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - Kimberly Seal
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - L Scott Dean
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, 3211 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - Elaine Davis
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, 3211 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
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11
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AbuRahma AF, Santini AG, AbuRahma ZT, Dargy NX, Simpson L, Lee AK, Seal K, Veith CK, Dean LS, Davis E. Rates of Progression of Carotid In-Stent Stenosis and Clinical Outcome. J Vasc Surg 2022; 76:1596-1602.e1. [PMID: 35835321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported the incidence of ≥50% and ≥80% carotid in-stent stenosis. This study will analyze the rates of progression of in-stent stenosis and clinical outcome at later follow-up. PATIENT POPULATION AND METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 450 transfemoral carotid artery stentings (TfCAS) at a later follow-up (a mean of 70 months). Progression of in-stent stenosis was defined as advancing to a higher severity of disease, i.e. <50% to ≥50% or ≥50% to ≥80%. A Kaplan Meier Analysis was used to estimate the rate of progression from <50% to ≥50%, ≥50% to ≥80%, overall rates of ≥50% and ≥80% in-stent stenosis, and survival at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years. RESULTS At a mean follow-up of 70.3 months (range: 1-222 months), 121/446 (27%) had ≥50% and 39 (8.7%) had ≥80% in-stent stenosis. Of those patients whose first duplex was normal or <50% (406), 82 progressed from normal/<50% to ≥50% in-stent stenosis. 82/406 (20.2%) of those that were normal or <50% in-stent stenosis progressed to ≥50% in-stent stenosis at a mean of 51.7 months (range: 1-213) and 14/121 (11.6%) of those with ≥50% stenosis progressed to ≥80% at a mean of 33.6 months (range: 6-89 months). Ten out of 82 (12%) of those who progressed from <50 to ≥50% had a neuro event (8 TIAs and 2 strokes). Two out of 14 (14.3%) of those that progressed from ≥50% to ≥80% had transient ischemic attacks (TIA), while the remaining patients were asymptomatic. Nine out of 39 patients (23%) with ≥80% in-stent stenosis had neurological events (eight TIAs and one contralateral stroke). Overall 13/121 patients with late ≥50% restenosis had a neurologic event (10.7%) (ten ipsilateral TIA, two ipsilateral stroke, and one contralateral stroke), i.e. 12 patients developed ipsilateral TIA/stroke out of 446 (2.7%) at a mean follow up of 70 months. Rates of freedom from <50% to ≥50% in-stent stenosis progression were 93%, 85%, 78%, and 66% at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years; and for progression from ≥50% to ≥80% in-stent stenosis were 89%, 81%, and 77% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. The overall rates of freedom for ≥50% in-stent stenosis were 86%, 77%, 71%, and 59%; and for ≥80% in-stent stenosis were 96%, 93%, 91%, and 84%; and the stroke survival rates were 95%, 80%, 63%, and 31% at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The rates of progression of carotid in-stent stenosis were modest, but had a low incidence of stroke events. Therefore, the utility of post-carotid artery stenting duplex surveillance should be selective and perhaps re-evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali F AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304.
| | - Adrian G Santini
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - Zachary T AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - Noah X Dargy
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - Landon Simpson
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - Andrew K Lee
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - Kimberly Seal
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - Christina K Veith
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, 3110 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - L Scott Dean
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, 3211 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
| | - Elaine Davis
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, 3211 MacCorkle Ave., SE, Charleston, WV 25304
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12
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Davis E, Martinez G, Blostein F, Marshall T, Jones A, Jansen E, McNeil D, Neiswanger K, Marazita M, Foxman B. Dietary Patterns and Risk of a New Carious Lesion Postpartum: A Cohort Study. J Dent Res 2022; 101:295-303. [PMID: 34609222 PMCID: PMC8982010 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211039478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries (cavities), one of the most common infectious diseases, is caused by a number of factors. Oral microbes, dietary practices, sociodemographic factors, and dental hygiene all inform caries risk. Assessing the impact of diet is complicated as individuals eat foods in combinations, and the interactions among the foods may alter caries risk. Our study aimed to prospectively assess the association between dietary patterns and caries risk in the postpartum period, a potentially sensitive period for caries development. We analyzed in-person dental assessments and telephone food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) from 879 Caucasian women participating in the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia Cohort 2 (COHRA2) that were collected biannually for up to 6 y. One-week recall of food intake frequency was assessed using a Likert scale. We used principal component analysis to summarize the FFQ data; the top 2 components described 15% and 12% of the variance in FFQ data. The first component was characterized by high consumption of fruits and vegetables, while the second component was heavily influenced by desserts and crackers. We used a modified Poisson model to predict the risk of an increase in the number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth in the postpartum period by 1) dietary patterns and 2) individual foods and beverages at the previous study visit, after controlling for other known risk factors, including history of carious lesions. Eating a dietary pattern high in desserts and crackers was associated with a 20% increase in the number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth in the postpartum period (95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.39). However, this effect was attenuated among those who also consumed a dietary pattern high in fruits and vegetables. Dietary patterns should be considered when devising interventions aimed at preventing dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Davis
- Center for Molecular and Clinical
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of
Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - G. Martinez
- Center for Molecular and Clinical
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of
Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F. Blostein
- Center for Molecular and Clinical
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of
Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - T. Marshall
- Department of Preventive and Community
Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - A.D. Jones
- Department of Nutritional Sciences,
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E. Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences,
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D.W. McNeil
- Center for Oral Health Research in
Appalachia (COHRA) University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia
University, Department of Dental Practice & Rural Health, West Virginia
University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - K. Neiswanger
- Center for Oral Health Research in
Appalachia (COHRA) University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental
Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M.L. Marazita
- Center for Oral Health Research in
Appalachia (COHRA) University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental
Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate
School of Public Health, Clinical and Translational Sciences, School of Medicine,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - B. Foxman
- Center for Molecular and Clinical
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of
Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- B. Foxman, Center for Molecular and
Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology,
University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann
Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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13
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AbuRahma AF, Beasley M, AbuRahma ZT, Davis M, Adams E, Dean LS, Shapiro J, Scott G, Davis E. Clinical Outcome of Drug-Eluted Stenting (Zilver PTX) in Patients With Femoropopliteal Occlusive Disease a Single Center Experience. J Endovasc Ther 2021; 29:350-360. [PMID: 34622706 DOI: 10.1177/15266028211049339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few industry sponsored trials reported satisfactory outcomes in the use of drug-eluting stents (DES) for treatment of femoropopliteal arterial disease. This study analyzed the early/late clinical outcome from a real world single center. PATIENT POPULATIONS/METHODS A total of 115 limbs treated with Zilver PTX were analyzed for: major adverse limb event (MALE: above ankle limb amputation/major intervention at 1 year), major adverse events (MAEs; death, amputation, and target lesion thrombosis/reintervention), primary patency (based on duplex ultrasound ± ankle brachial indexes), limb salvage, and amputation free survival rates (AFS) at 1 and 2 years. RESULTS Indications included claudication in 32% and critical limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) in 68%. Lesions treated included: superficial femoral artery (SFA) 66%, both SFA and popliteal artery (PA) 19% and PA 15%. Mean lesion length was 21 cm and 68% had total occlusion. 45% were Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) TASC II D lesions and 55% A-C lesions. Mean follow-up was 18.4 months (1-76 months). Perioperative major morbidity rate was 8.7% with 0% mortality. MALE rate at 1 year was 17% (13.5% for claudication vs 19.2% for CLTI, p=0.4499). MAE rate was 30% for claudication versus 52% for CLTI (p=0.0392). Overall primary patency rates at 1 and 2 years were 75% and 54% (86% and 71% for claudication vs 70% and 46% for CLTI, respectively, p=0.0213). Primary patency rates at 1 and 2 years were 94% and 88% for TASC A-C lesions versus 50% and 16% for TASC D lesions (p<0.0001). Overall freedom from MALE rate at 1 and 2 years were 85% and 79% (86% and 86% for claudication vs 84% and 74% for CLTI, p=0.2391). These rates were 96% and 93% for TASC A-C lesions versus 70% and 50% for D lesions, respectively (p<0.0001). Limb salvage rates at 1 and 2 years were 93% and 86% (100% and 100% for claudication vs 89% and 78% for CLTI, p=0.012). Overall AFS rates at 1 and 2 years were 79% and 71% (93% and 82% for TASC A-C vs 59% and 59% for D lesions, p=0.001). CONCLUSION Clinical outcomes after DES (Zilver PTX) in femoropopliteal arterial lesions were satisfactory for TASC A-C lesions but inferior/unsatisfactory for TASC D lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali F AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University-Charleston Division, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Matthew Beasley
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University-Charleston Division, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Zachary T AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University-Charleston Division, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Meghan Davis
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University-Charleston Division, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - Elliot Adams
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University-Charleston Division, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - L Scott Dean
- CAMC Institute for Academic Medicine, Charleston, WV, USA
| | | | | | - Elaine Davis
- CAMC Institute for Academic Medicine, Charleston, WV, USA
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14
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Parashar A, Gourgas O, Lau K, Li J, Muiznieks L, Sharpe S, Davis E, Cerruti M, Murshed M. Elastin calcification in in vitro models and its prevention by MGP's N-terminal peptide. J Struct Biol 2021; 213:107637. [PMID: 33059036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2020.107637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Medial calcification has been associated with diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and genetic disorders like pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Recently, we showed that genetic reduction of arterial elastin content reduces the severity of medial calcification in matrix Gla protein (MGP)-deficient and Eln haploinsufficient Mgp-/-;Eln+/- mice. This study suggests that there might be a direct effect of elastin amount on medial calcification. We studied this using novel in vitro systems, which are based on elastin or elastin-like polypeptides. We first examined the mineral deposition properties of a transfected pigmented epithelial cell line that expresses elastin and other elastic lamina proteins. When grown in inorganic phosphate-supplemented medium, these cells deposited calcium phosphate minerals, which could be prevented by an N'-terminal peptide of MGP (m3pS) carrying phosphorylated serine residues. We next confirmed these findings using a cell-free elastin-like polypeptide (ELP3) scaffold, where the peptide prevented mineral maturation. Overall, this work describes a novel cell culture model for elastocalcinosis and examines the inhibition of mineral deposition by the m3pS peptide in this and a cell-free elastin-based scaffold. Our study provides strong evidence suggesting the critical functional roles of MGP's phosphorylated serine residues in the prevention of elastin calcification and proposes a possible mechanism of their action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Parashar
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ophélie Gourgas
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kirk Lau
- Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lisa Muiznieks
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon Sharpe
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elaine Davis
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marta Cerruti
- Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Monzur Murshed
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Shriners Hospital for Children, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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15
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Woodall M, Jacob J, Kalsi KK, Schroeder V, Davis E, Kenyon B, Khan I, Garnett JP, Tarran R, Baines DL. E-cigarette constituents propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin decrease glucose uptake and its metabolism in airway epithelial cells in vitro. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L957-L967. [PMID: 32996783 PMCID: PMC7792687 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00123.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Electronic nicotine delivery systems, or e-cigarettes, utilize a liquid solution that normally contains propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG) to generate vapor and act as a carrier for nicotine and flavorings. Evidence indicated these "carriers" reduced growth and survival of epithelial cells including those of the airway. We hypothesized that 3% PG or PG mixed with VG (3% PG/VG, 55:45) inhibited glucose uptake in human airway epithelial cells as a first step to reducing airway cell survival. Exposure of H441 or human bronchiolar epithelial cells (HBECs) to PG and PG/VG (30-60 min) inhibited glucose uptake and mitochondrial ATP synthesis. PG/VG inhibited glycolysis. PG/VG and mannitol reduced cell volume and height of air-liquid interface cultures. Mannitol, but not PG/VG, increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. PG/VG reduced transepithelial electrical resistance, which was associated with increased transepithelial solute permeability. PG/VG decreased fluorescence recovery after photobleaching of green fluorescent protein-linked glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT10, indicating that glucose transport function was compromised. Puffing PG/VG vapor onto the apical surface of primary HBECs for 10 min to mimic the effect of e-cigarette smoking also reduced glucose transport. In conclusion, short-term exposure to PG/VG, key components of e-cigarettes, decreased glucose transport and metabolism in airway cells. We propose that this was a result of PG/VG reduced cell volume and membrane fluidity, with further consequences on epithelial barrier function. Taking these results together, we suggest these factors contribute to reduced defensive properties of the epithelium. We propose that repeated/chronic exposure to these agents are likely to contribute to airway damage in e-cigarette users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Woodall
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. Jacob
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
| | - K. K. Kalsi
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
| | - V. Schroeder
- Immunology and Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - E. Davis
- Marsico Lung Institute and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - B. Kenyon
- Marsico Lung Institute and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - I. Khan
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. P. Garnett
- Immunology and Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - R. Tarran
- Marsico Lung Institute and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - D. L. Baines
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
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Ibrahim S, Wharton R, Harmon E, Bonner H, Davis E, Cho Y, Mazimba S, Kwon Y. 0622 In-Depth Surveillance of Central Sleep Apnea in Patients with Stable Heart Failure. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Central sleep apnea (CSA) is unique sleep breathing phenotype in patients with advanced chronic heart failure (HF) and portend poor prognosis. The prevalence of CSA in HF patients under contemporary therapy is uncertain.
Methods
We reviewed consecutive HF patients on optimal medical therapy who underwent clinically indicated diagnostic in-lab polysomnography at a single academic center. Age, sex and BMI matched patients without HF were selected from sleep clinic as a control. Patients with atrial fibrillation were excluded from this study. Apnea subtypes were determined after careful scoring and confirmation by sleep physicians. ‘Any CSA’ was defined by central apnea index (CAI) >5 and >1/hr. ‘True CSA’ was defined if met both CAI≥5/hr and > obstructive apnea index (OAI). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was defined if apnea hypopnea index >15 and OAI>CAI. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, HF and systolic dysfunction as appropriate.
Results
In patients with HF (N=95, mean age 59, female: 50%), CSA was low and was comparable to control group (N=94) (HF vs. Non-HF; CSA: 5.3 vs. 4.3%, P=NS; Any CSA 14.7 vs. 17%, P=NS). Only 3 patients with HF had true CSA. In contrast, OSA was common in both groups regardless of obesity status (52.3 vs. 55.3%). In patients with HF, Cheyne Stokes respiration was more frequent in patients with Any CSA vs. without Any CSA (13.3 vs. 3.8%, p=0.04). In multivariate analysis, presence of OSA, but not HF, was associated with Any CSA in entire cohort (Any CSA OR: 3.1 [1.3, 8.1], p=0.02). In patients with HF, male sex was associated with Any CSA (OR: 5.3 [1.1, 40.8], p=0.05). Exclusion of patients with high BMI did not change the results.
Conclusion
CSA was rare in patients with stable HF on contemporary optimal medical therapy.
Support
None
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ibrahim
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - R Wharton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - E Harmon
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - H Bonner
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - E Davis
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Y Cho
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - S Mazimba
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Y Kwon
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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17
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Steele S, Geraghty‐Dusan F, Davis E, Weerasinghe G, Churchill J. Michele Cotton 1948–2020. Aust Vet J 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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White KE, Carter WH, Tiwari S, Davis E, Kemper S, Adhikari S. Abstract 217: Are Discharge Rate Control Medications Adequate for Future Atrial Fibrillation Needs? Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2020. [DOI: 10.1161/hcq.13.suppl_1.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Rate control medications (RCM) for atrial fibrillation (AF) usually prescribed are diltiazem (DTZ) and beta blockers. Patients entering the Emergency Department (ED) with AF often convert to a normal sinus rhythm (NSR) by means of spontaneous conversion to normal sinus rhythm (SCNSR), electrical cardioversion, or medications. However, recurrent AF often leads to repeat ED visits and frequent hospitalizations within one year.
Goals:
To evaluate admission and discharge metoprolol (MTP) and DTZ doses for patients presenting to the ED with rapid AF.
Methods:
Retrospective, single center chart review of MTP and DTZ doses on admission and discharge for patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of AF. Patients who received new or an increase of other RCMs, or antiarrhythmic medications with RCM properties were excluded.
Results:
Of 402 patients, 310 (77%) had a heart rate ≥110 bpm on admission. Of those with a rapid rate, 235 (76%) converted to NSR after admission predominantly due to SCNSR. The mean daily dose of MTP was 61mg on admission and 65mg at discharge. The mean DTZ dose on admission was 188mg and 157mg at discharge.
Discussion:
The discharge doses of 65mg of MTP and 157mg of DTZ were well below the recommended doses of RCMs for AF. The RATAF trial demonstrated adequate rate and symptom control with MTP 100mg/day and DTZ up to 360mg/day. The current study demonstrated significant under dosing of RCMs to manage future rapid ventricular rate. It is possible patients with rapid ventricular rates who convert to NSR, which by itself, results in rate control, would not have attention by the provider focused on the rapid admission rate. Most patients who convert to NSR do not have the substrate leading to AF corrected. Thus, it is not surprising recurrence of AF, regardless of the method of cardioversion, occurs in approximately 70% of patients within one year. It is likely when AF recurs it will have the same rapid rate unless RCMs are increased before discharge from the first initial admission dose. It is possible at discharge an order set may lead to a more logical assessment of targeted RCMs. Lack of long term follow-up to address outcome of apparent under dosing of RCM is a limitation.
Conclusion:
This single center study found no significant increases in MTP and DTZ dosing at the time of discharge for patients with rapid AF who reverted to NSR after admission. It is possible that modification of RCMs before hospital discharge may decrease future ED admission for symptomatic AF.
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AbuRahma AF, Lee A, Davis E, Dean LS. Safety and durability of concomitant carotid endarterectomy with carotid-subclavian bypass grafting. J Vasc Surg 2020; 73:968-974. [PMID: 32361068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concomitant carotid endarterectomy (CEA; for severe internal carotid artery stenosis) with carotid-subclavian bypass grafting (CSBG; for proximal common carotid artery or subclavian artery occlusion) is rarely used. Only a few studies have been reported. This report analyzed early and late clinical outcomes of the largest study to date of the combined procedures in our institution. METHODS Electronic medical records of patients who had concomitant CEA with CSBG during three decades were analyzed. Indications for surgery were arm ischemia, neurologic events, and clinical subclavian steal. Early (30 days) perioperative complications (stroke, death, and others) and late complications (stroke, death) were recorded. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate late graft/CEA primary patency, freedom from stroke, and stroke-free survival rates. Graft patency was determined clinically and confirmed using duplex ultrasound. Outcomes were compared with previously published data on isolated CSBG by the same group. RESULTS There were 37 combined procedures analyzed. Mean age was 64 years (range, 45-81 years). Indications for surgery were arm ischemia in 12 (32%), hemispheric transient ischemic attack or stroke in 15 (41%), vertebrobasilar insufficiency in 4 (11%), symptomatic subclavian steal in 10 (27%), and asymptomatic common carotid artery occlusion with severe internal carotid artery stenosis in 6 (16%). The 30-day perioperative (stroke and death) rate was 5.4% (one stroke and one death). Immediate symptom relief was noted in 100%, with 2.7% (transient ischemic attack) symptom recurrence. The crude patency rate of both CEA and CSBG was 92%. At 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years, respectively, primary patency rates were 100%, 96%, 96%, 96%, and 85%; freedom from stroke rates were 97%, 97%, 97%, 97%, and 97%; and stroke-free survival rates were 94%, 94%, 87%, 82%, and 78%. When these outcomes were compared with the isolated CSBG group alone (28 patients), there was no difference in perioperative stroke (2.7% for concomitant CEA/CSBG vs 0% for isolated CSBG), perioperative death (2.7% vs 2.8%), or late patency rates (92% vs 96%). CONCLUSIONS Concomitant CEA/CSBG is safe and durable. There was no significant difference in perioperative stroke/death or late patency rates compared with isolated CSBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali F AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV.
| | - Andrew Lee
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV
| | - Elaine Davis
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, Charleston, WV
| | - L Scott Dean
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, Charleston, WV
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20
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Alqahtani MA, Andreana S, Rumfola JL, Davis E. Effect of diode laser and topical fluoride applications on white-spot lesions in bovine enamel. Gen Dent 2019; 67:45-51. [PMID: 31658024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of diode laser irradiation combined with topical fluoride application for increasing the hardness of demineralized bovine enamel and esthetically improving white-spot lesions (WSLs). In addition, the study evaluated intrapulpal temperature changes during laser irradiation. One hundred twenty bovine incisors with 4 × 4-mm artificial WSLs were randomly assigned to 8 groups (n = 15): untreated control; fluoride only; LF1, LF2, and LF3, fluoride plus 2-W laser for 15, 30, and 60 seconds, respectively; and LF4, LF5, and LF6, fluoride plus 5-W laser for 15, 30, and 60 seconds, respectively. The Vickers hardness number, CIE L*a*b color space values, and visual analog scale ratings for color improvement were recorded at baseline, after demineralization to create the WSLs, and after treatment. The intrapulpal temperature changes were recorded at completion of irradiation for 30 bovine teeth that were assigned to 6 groups (n = 5) to receive doses of irradiation equivalent to the treatment of the corresponding laser groups described previously. Statistical analysis included 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey multiple comparison tests (α = 0.05) The mean Vickers hardness numbers were significantly greater for the laser groups, and mean visual analog scale scores were significantly greater for all the treatment groups (P < 0.05). The fluoride group had a significantly lower mean color change (ΔE*) value (P < 0.05). The mean intrapulpal temperature changes in the 5-W laser groups were significantly greater than those in the 2-W groups (P < 0.05). Diode laser irradiation combined with topical fluoride application significantly increased the hardness and improved the esthetic appearance of WSLs compared to no treatment (control) and fluoride treatment alone. Intrapulpal temperature changes indicated that diode laser irradiation is safer at a 2-W setting than a 5-W setting.
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21
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Kosteria I, Schwandt A, Davis E, Jali S, Prieto M, Rottembourg D. Lipid profile is associated with treatment regimen in a large cohort of children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus: a study from the international SWEET database. Diabet Med 2019; 36:1294-1303. [PMID: 30972800 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the effect of pump vs injection therapy on the lipid profile of children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of the lipid profile of children aged ≤ 18 years with Type 1 diabetes mellitus from SWEET, an international diabetes registry, was conducted with a focus on the effect of treatment regimen. Dyslipidaemia was defined as LDL cholesterol ≥2.6 mmol/l or non-HDL cholesterol ≥3.1 mmol/l. LDL and non-HDL cholesterol values among 14 290 children (52% boys, 51% receiving pump therapy) from 60 SWEET centres were analysed by linear and logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, diabetes duration, HbA1c and BMI-standard deviation score group, region, and common interactions between age, sex, HbA1c and BMI. RESULTS This study confirmed the established associations of increased lipids with female sex, age, diabetes duration, HbA1c and BMI. LDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels were lower in the pump therapy group compared to the injection therapy group [LDL cholesterol: injection therapy 2.44 mmol/l (95% CI 2.42 to 2.46) vs pump therapy 2.39 mmol/l (95% CI 2.37-2.41), P<0.001; non-HDL cholesterol: injection therapy 2.88 mmol/l (95% CI 2.86 to 2.90) vs pump therapy 2.80 mmol/l (95% CI 2.78-2.82), both P<0.0001]. Similarly, the odds ratios for LDL cholesterol ≥2.6 mmol/l [0.89 (95% CI 0.82-0.97)] and non-HDL cholesterol ≥3.1 mmol/l [0.85 (0.78 to 0.93)] were significantly lower in the pump therapy group, even after all adjustments. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that pump therapy is associated with a better lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kosteria
- Diabetes Centre, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, First Department of Paediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - A Schwandt
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - E Davis
- Centre for Child Health Research, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western, Perth, Australia
| | - S Jali
- J. N. Medical College (KAHER) and the KLE Diabetes Centre, KLES Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belgaum, India
| | - M Prieto
- Hospital de Pediatria Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Rottembourg
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, Canada
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22
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Marshall CR, Finnegan S, Clites EC, Holroyd PA, Bonuso N, Cortez C, Davis E, Dietl GP, Druckenmiller PS, Eng RC, Garcia C, Estes-Smargiassi K, Hendy A, Hollis KA, Little H, Nesbitt EA, Roopnarine P, Skibinski L, Vendetti J, White LD. Quantifying the dark data in museum fossil collections as palaeontology undergoes a second digital revolution. Biol Lett 2019; 14:rsbl.2018.0431. [PMID: 30185609 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2018.0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale analysis of the fossil record requires aggregation of palaeontological data from individual fossil localities. Prior to computers, these synoptic datasets were compiled by hand, a laborious undertaking that took years of effort and forced palaeontologists to make difficult choices about what types of data to tabulate. The advent of desktop computers ushered in palaeontology's first digital revolution-online literature-based databases, such as the Paleobiology Database (PBDB). However, the published literature represents only a small proportion of the palaeontological data housed in museum collections. Although this issue has long been appreciated, the magnitude, and thus potential significance, of these so-called 'dark data' has been difficult to determine. Here, in the early phases of a second digital revolution in palaeontology--the digitization of museum collections-we provide an estimate of the magnitude of palaeontology's dark data. Digitization of our nine institutions' holdings of Cenozoic marine invertebrate collections from California, Oregon and Washington in the USA reveals that they represent 23 times the number of unique localities than are currently available in the PBDB. These data, and the vast quantity of similarly untapped dark data in other museum collections, will, when digitally mobilized, enhance palaeontologists' ability to make inferences about the patterns and processes of past evolutionary and ecological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Marshall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3040 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA .,University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA
| | - S Finnegan
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3040 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA.,University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA
| | - E C Clites
- University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA
| | - P A Holroyd
- University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA
| | - N Bonuso
- Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA
| | - C Cortez
- John D. Cooper Archaeological and Paleontological Center, Santa Ana, CA 92701-6427, USA
| | - E Davis
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1272, USA.,University of Oregon Museum of Natural and Cultural History, 1680 E. 15th Avenue, Eugene, OR 97403-1224, USA
| | - G P Dietl
- Paleontological Research Institution, 1259 Trumansburg Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.,Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, 112 Hollister Drive, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - P S Druckenmiller
- University of Alaska Museum and Department of Geosciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 1962 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - R C Eng
- Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Box 353010, Seattle, WA 98195-3010, USA
| | - C Garcia
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - K Estes-Smargiassi
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - A Hendy
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - K A Hollis
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013, USA
| | - H Little
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013, USA
| | - E A Nesbitt
- Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Box 353010, Seattle, WA 98195-3010, USA
| | - P Roopnarine
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - L Skibinski
- Paleontological Research Institution, 1259 Trumansburg Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - J Vendetti
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - L D White
- University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA
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AbuRahma AF, AbuRahma ZT, Scott G, Adams E, Beasley M, Davis M, Dean LS, Davis E. Clinical outcome of drug-coated balloon angioplasty in patients with femoropopliteal disease: A real-world single-center experience. J Vasc Surg 2019; 70:1950-1959. [PMID: 31401115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several multicenter industry-sponsored clinical trials reported satisfactory results in the use of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) for treatment of femoropopliteal occlusive disease. However, few single-center studies have been published to verify the outcome from real-world experience. METHODS In this study, 228 patients treated with DCB angioplasty (Lutonix 0.35; Bard, Tempe, Arizona) were analyzed. Perioperative major adverse events (death, amputation, target lesion thrombosis or reintervention) were calculated. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate primary patency rates (based on duplex ultrasound with or without ankle-brachial index) and limb salvage rates. RESULTS Lesions treated were primarily TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) type C and D lesions. Indications included claudication (Rutherford classes 2 and 3) in 40% and critical limb ischemia (CLI; Rutherford classes 4 and 5) in 60%. Lesions treated included 61% in the superficial femoral artery, 15% in the popliteal artery, and 24% in both superficial femoral artery and popliteal artery. Mean follow-up was 12.2 months (range, 1-42 months). Overall perioperative morbidity and mortality rates were 13% and 1%. The perioperative major adverse event rate was 3%. Symptom relief (improvement of one Rutherford category or more) was obtained in 64%. Primary patency rates were 56% and 39% at 1 year and 2 years, respectively. Limb salvage rates were 92% and 83% at 1 year and 2 years. Patients with claudication had a lower rate of early perioperative complications (4% vs 19%; P = .001). Symptom improvement was 76% for claudication vs 49% for CLI (P < .001). Overall, major amputation rate was 0% for claudication vs 13% for CLI (P < .001). The primary patency rates at 1 year and 2 years were 59% and 41% for claudication vs 54% and 37% for CLI (P = .307). The assisted primary patency rates at 1 year and 2 years were 72% and 52% for claudication vs 64% and 46% for CLI (P = .223). Primary patency rates at 1 year and 2 years were 82% and 71% for TASC A to C lesions vs 29% and 14% for TASC D lesions (P < .001). Limb salvage rates at 1 year and 2 years were 100% and 100% for claudication vs 85% and 74% for CLI (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Clinical outcomes after DCB angioplasty in femoropopliteal lesions were inferior to what has been reported in previous studies, particularly for TASC D lesions. Further investigation from real-world experience with long-term follow-up is needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali F AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WVa.
| | | | - Grant Scott
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WVa
| | - Elliot Adams
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WVa
| | - Matthew Beasley
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WVa
| | - Meghan Davis
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WVa
| | - L Scott Dean
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, Charleston, WVa
| | - Elaine Davis
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, Charleston, WVa
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Mousa AY, Broce M, Monnett S, Davis E, McKee B, Lucas BD. Results of Telehealth Electronic Monitoring for Post Discharge Complications and Surgical Site Infections following Arterial Revascularization with Groin Incision. Ann Vasc Surg 2019; 57:160-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Ackenbom M, Dong S, Romanova A, Baranski L, Butters M, Davis E, Zyczynski H. 13: Postoperative narcotic utilization in older women after pelvic organ prolapse surgery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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AlBishry F, Qeblawi D, Rumfola J, Davis E. The effect of different finishing & polishing protocols on the surface roughness & flexural strength of zirconia bars. Saudi Dent J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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27
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AbuRahma AF, AbuRahma ZT, Scott G, Adams E, Mata A, Beasley M, Dean LS, Davis E. The incidence of carotid in-stent stenosis is underestimated ≥50% or ≥80% and its clinical implications. J Vasc Surg 2018; 69:1807-1814. [PMID: 30552039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.08.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of carotid in-stent stenosis has been reported to vary between 1% and 30%. Most published studies have short follow-up, which may lead to underestimation of the incidence of in-stent stenosis. This study analyzed the incidence of ≥50% and ≥80% in-stent stenosis using validated duplex ultrasound criteria and its clinical implications. METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 450 carotid artery stenting (CAS) procedures (February 6, 2001-December 19, 2016). All patients had postoperative carotid duplex ultrasound examination, which was repeated at 1 month, 6 months, and every 6 to 12 months thereafter. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate rates of freedom from ≥50% in-stent stenosis (internal carotid artery peak systolic velocity of ≥224 cm/s) and ≥80% in-stent stenosis (internal carotid artery peak systolic velocity of ≥325 cm/s), freedom from reintervention, and survival. RESULTS The mean age was 68.3 years, with a mean follow-up of 40.3 months. A total of 201 patients (45% [201/450]) had CAS for symptomatic disease. Primary CAS was done in 291 patients (65%); in the remaining 35%, CAS was done for postcarotid endarterectomy (CEA) stenosis. A total of 101 patients (23%) had ≥50% late carotid in-stent stenosis, and of these, 33 (7.4%) had ≥80% in-stent stenosis. Nineteen patients (4.3%) developed late transient ischemic attack and three (0.7%) late stroke. Twenty-three (5.2%) patients had late reintervention. Rates of freedom from ≥50% in-stent stenosis in the whole series were 85%, 79%, 75%, 72%, and 70% at 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years, respectively. The rates of freedom from ≥50% in-stent stenosis for primary CAS and CAS for post-CEA stenosis were not statistically significant (P = .540). The rates of freedom from ≥80% in-stent stenosis for the whole series were 96%, 95%, 93%, 90%, and 89% at 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years, respectively. The rates of freedom from ≥80% in-stent stenosis for primary CAS and CAS for post-CEA stenosis were also not statistically significant (P = .516). Rates of freedom from reintervention were 98%, 96%, 93%, 93%, and 91% at 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years, respectively, and there were no significant differences between primary CAS and CAS for post-CEA stenosis (P = .939). The overall late survival rates were 99%, 97%, 96%, 94%, and 91% at 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of ≥50% in-stent stenosis is relatively high; however, the rates of ≥80% stenosis and late neurologic events are low. Longer follow-up of patients with ≥50% carotid in-stent stenosis may yield higher incidence of ≥80% stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali F AbuRahma
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WVa.
| | | | - Grant Scott
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WVa
| | - Elliot Adams
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WVa
| | - Abe Mata
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WVa
| | - Matthew Beasley
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Charleston, WVa
| | - L Scott Dean
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, Charleston, WVa
| | - Elaine Davis
- CAMC Health Education and Research Institute, Charleston, WVa
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Redondo MJ, Geyer S, Steck AK, Sharp S, Wentworth JM, Weedon MN, Antinozzi P, Sosenko J, Atkinson M, Pugliese A, Oram RA, Antinozzi P, Atkinson M, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Colman P, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Insel R, Kay T, Knip M, Marks J, Moran A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Pugliese A, Raskin P, Rodriguez H, Roep B, Russell W, Schatz D, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Benoist C, Blum J, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Kaufman F, Leschek E, Mahon J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Roncarolo M, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Greenbaum ,CJ, Bourcier K, Insel R, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Spain L, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Sosenko JM, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Adams T, Amado D, Asif I, Boonstra M, Bundy B, Burroughs C, Cuthbertson D, Deemer M, Eberhard C, Fiske S, Ford J, Garmeson J, Guillette H, Browning G, Coughenour T, Sulk M, Tsalikan E, Tansey M, Cabbage J, Dixit N, Pasha S, King M, Adcock K, Geyer S, Atterberry H, Fox L, Englert K, Mauras N, Permuy J, Sikes K, Berhe T, Guendling B, McLennan L, Paganessi L, Hays B, Murphy C, Draznin M, Kamboj M, Sheppard S, Lewis V, Coates L, Moore W, Babar G, Bedard J, Brenson-Hughes D, Henderson C, Cernich J, Clements M, Duprau R, Goodman S, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz L, Karmazin A, Letjen T, Raman S, Morin D, Henry M, Bestermann W, Morawski E, White J, Brockmyer A, Bays R, Campbell S, Stapleton A, Stone N, Donoho A, Everett H, Heyman K, Hensley H, Johnson M, Marshall C, Skirvin N, Taylor P, Williams R, Ray L, Wolverton C, Nickels D, Dothard C, Hsiao B, Speiser P, Pellizzari M, Bokor L, Izuora K, Abdelnour S, Cummings P, Paynor S, Leahy M, Riedl M, Shockley S, Karges C, Saad R, Briones T, Casella S, Herz C, Walsh K, Greening J, Hay F, Hunt S, Sikotra N, Simons L, Keaton N, Karounos D, Oremus R, Dye L, Myers L, Ballard D, Miers W, Sparks R, Thraikill K, Edwards K, Fowlkes J, Kinderman A, Kemp S, Morales A, Holland L, Johnson L, Paul P, Ghatak A, Phelen K, Leyland H, Henderson T, Brenner D, Law P, Oppenheimer E, Mamkin I, Moniz C, Clarson C, Lovell M, Peters A, Ruelas V, Borut D, Burt D, Jordan M, Leinbach A, Castilla S, Flores P, Ruiz M, Hanson L, Green-Blair J, Sheridan R, Wintergerst K, Pierce G, Omoruyi A, Foster M, Linton C, Kingery S, Lunsford A, Cervantes I, Parker T, Price P, Urben J, Doughty I, Haydock H, Parker V, Bergman P, Liu S, Duncum S, Rodda C, Thomas A, Ferry R, McCommon D, Cockroft J, Perelman A, Calendo R, Barrera C, Arce-Nunez E, Lloyd J, Martinez Y, De la Portilla M, Cardenas I, Garrido L, Villar M, Lorini R, Calandra E, D’Annuzio G, Perri K, Minuto N, Malloy J, Rebora C, Callegari R, Ali O, Kramer J, Auble B, Cabrera S, Donohoue P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Hessner M, Wolfgram P, Maddox K, Kansra A, Bettin N, 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P, Dinning L, Rahman S, Ray S, Dimicri C, Guppy S, Nielsen H, Vogel C, Ariza C, Morales L, Chang Y, Gabbay R, Ambrocio L, Manley L, Nemery R, Charlton W, Smith P, Kerr L, Steindel-Kopp B, Alamaguer M, Tabisola-Nuesca E, Pendersen A, Larson N, Cooper-Olviver H, Chan D, Fitz-Patrick D, Carreira T, Park Y, Ruhaak R, Liljenquist D. A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1887-1894. [PMID: 30002199 PMCID: PMC6105323 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47-3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Redondo
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Seth Sharp
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - John M. Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael N. Weedon
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A. Oram
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
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Gadde U, Oh ST, Lee YS, Davis E, Zimmerman N, Rehberger T, Lillehoj HS. The Effects of Direct-fed Microbial Supplementation, as an Alternative to Antibiotics, on Growth Performance, Intestinal Immune Status, and Epithelial Barrier Gene Expression in Broiler Chickens. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018; 9:397-405. [PMID: 28421423 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic supplementation in broiler chicken diets on growth performance, feed efficiency, intestinal cytokine, and tight junction (TJ) protein mRNA expression. Zero-day-old broiler chicks (n = 140) were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments: basal diet (CON); basal diet supplemented with either antibiotic bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD); or probiotics, namely, B. subtilis strain 1781 (PB1), a combination of B. subtilis strain 1104 + strain 747 (PB2), or B. subtilis strain 1781 + strain 747 (PB3). Body weight and feed intake were measured at 14 days of age, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated. At 14 days of age, ileal samples were collected and used for intestinal cytokine, TJ protein, and mucin gene expression analysis using qRT-PCR. The chickens supplemented with antibiotic (BMD) and B. subtilis strain 1781 alone (PB1) had significantly higher body weights compared to controls of the same age. Dietary supplementation with antibiotic (BMD) or probiotics (PB1, PB2, PB3) significantly improved the feed efficiency as evidenced by decreased FCR compared to controls. No differences were observed in the expression of IL1β, IL17F, IFNγ, and MUC2 gene among the different treatment groups. However, elevated expression of IL6 (BMD, PB1, PB2), IL8 (PB2), and TNFSF15 (PB1, PB2, PB3) compared to controls was observed in the ileum. IL2 and IL10 expression was upregulated in chicks in the PB2 and PB3 groups, and IL4 was elevated in the PB1 group. IL13 was elevated in all probiotic-fed groups (PB1, PB2, PB3). Probiotic supplementation was also shown to significantly increase the expression of TJ proteins JAM2, ZO1 (PB2, PB3), and occludin (PB1, PB2). Taken together, B. subtilis supplementation altered intestinal immune activity and influenced gut barrier integrity through increased tight junction gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Gadde
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Bldg. 1043, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - S T Oh
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Bldg. 1043, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - Y S Lee
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Bldg. 1043, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - E Davis
- Agro Biosciences Inc., 10437 Innovation Drive, Wauwatosa, WI, 53226, USA
| | - N Zimmerman
- Agro Biosciences Inc., 10437 Innovation Drive, Wauwatosa, WI, 53226, USA
| | - T Rehberger
- Agro Biosciences Inc., 10437 Innovation Drive, Wauwatosa, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Hyun S Lillehoj
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Bldg. 1043, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
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AbuRahma AF, AbuRahma ZT, Adams E, Mata L, Scott G, Beasley M, Dean S, Davis E. RS07. The Incidence of Carotid In-Stent Stenosis Is Underestimated: Is It 50% or 80% and Its Clinical Implications. J Vasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.03.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mousa AY, Broce M, Yacoub M, Davis E. IP135. Telehealth Electronic Monitoring to Reduce Postdischarge Complications and Surgical Site Infections After Arterial Revascularization With Groin Incision (A Randomized Controlled Study). J Vasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.03.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sadid‐Zadeh R, Nasehi A, Davis E, Katsavochristou A. Development of an assessment strategy in preclinical fixed prosthodontics course using virtual assessment software-Part 2. Clin Exp Dent Res 2018; 4:94-99. [PMID: 29955393 PMCID: PMC6010847 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate interrater agreement between faculty and virtual assessments of preparations for complete coverage restorations in preclinical fixed prosthodontics. Teeth prepared during preclinical fixed prosthodontics practical exams at the University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine were used in this study. Teeth were prepared for fabrication of complete cast, metal ceramic, and all ceramic crowns. The specimens were digitized using an intraoral scanner. Then, they were virtually superimposed on the corresponding standard preparations using Compare software. The software was used to quantify comparison percentages, average finish line widths, and average axial wall heights. Two calibrated faculty members assessed preparations for occlusal/incisal reduction, finish line location, axial wall height, and finish line width using traditional assessment forms. Cohen's kappa coefficient was used to measure interrater agreement between faculty and virtual assessments. Kappa interrater agreement scores ranged between 0.83 and 0.88 for virtually assessed comparison percentages and sums of faculty-assessed occlusal/incisal reduction and finish line location. Kappa interrater agreement score ranges were 0.64-0.94 and 0.74-0.89 for comparisons of virtual and faculty assessments for axial wall height and finish line width, respectively. Virtual assessments are similar to faculty assessments for occlusal/incisal reduction, finish line location, axial wall height, and finish line width in fixed prosthodontics and can be used as equivalent evaluations of student performance for these criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramtin Sadid‐Zadeh
- Department of Restorative DentistryUniversity at Buffalo School of Dental MedicineNew YorkUSA
| | - Amin Nasehi
- Stony Brook University School of Dental MedicineNew YorkUSA
| | - Elaine Davis
- Department of Oral DiagnosisUniversity at Buffalo School of Dental MedicineNew YorkUSA
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Raraigh K, Han S, Davis E, Evans T, Pellicore M, Mccague A, Joynt A, Lu Z, Atalar M, Sharma N, Sosnay P, Cutting G. WS17.3 Functional characterisation and CFTR2 disease liability assignment of 48 missense variants. J Cyst Fibros 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(18)30216-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gilson KM, Davis E, Johnson S, Gains J, Reddihough D, Williams K. Mental health care needs and preferences for mothers of children with a disability. Child Care Health Dev 2018; 44:384-391. [PMID: 29430692 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mothers of children with a disability are at increased risk of poor mental health compared with mothers of typically developing children. The aim of the study was to describe the mental health care needs and preferences for support of mothers of children and young people aged 0-25 years with a disability. METHODS A cross-sectional study was used, using an online survey with 294 mothers of children with a disability. Questions were asked about mental health, perceived need for support, barriers to accessing mental health care, and preferences for support. Descriptive and chi-squared analyses were performed. RESULTS High rates of mental ill health were self-identified in the previous 12 months, with reported clinically significant depression (44%), anxiety (42%), and suicidality (22%). Nearly half (48%) of the mothers reported high to very high psychological distress. Although 75% of mothers perceived a need for professional support, only 58% attempted to access this. Key barriers to accessing support were caregiving duties making it difficult to schedule appointments (45%) and not perceiving the mental health problem as serious enough to require help (36%). Individual counselling was the preferred type of support (66%) followed by professionally guided relaxation (49%) and education about mental health (47%). Support was considered most critical at the time of diagnosis and during medical intervention for their child. CONCLUSIONS Although mental health problems were common and mothers perceived the need for professional help, several key barriers were preventing mothers from accessing help. Our study suggests that improving mothers' knowledge of when and where to seek help (mental health literacy) may encourage their access to support. There also needs to be more accessible treatment to mothers given the high care demands that are placed upon them.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-M Gilson
- Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neurodevelopment & Disability, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Davis
- Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Johnson
- Centre for Family Research and Evaluation, Drummond Street Services, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Gains
- Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D Reddihough
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neurodevelopment & Disability, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K Williams
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neurodevelopment & Disability, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Davis
- VMTH–Clinical Sciences Kansas State University Manhattan USA
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Yin M, Ruckel S, McKellar S, Elmer A, Koliopoulou A, Dranow L, Harry J, Davis E, Gilbert E, Nativi-Nicolau J, Stehlik J, Reid B, Fang J, Drakos S, Kfoury A, Selzman C, Wever-Pinzon O. A Novel Predictive Risk Score for Gastrointestinal Bleed Following Implantation of Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Yin M, Strege J, Elmer A, Davis E, Gilbert E, McKellar S, Koliopoulou A, Nativi-Nicolau J, Stehlik J, Fang J, Drakos S, Selzman C, Wever-Pinzon O. Impact of a Novel Shared Healthcare Delivery Model in Remotely Located Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Davis E, Reddihough D, Murphy N, Epstein A, Reid SM, Whitehouse A, Williams K, Leonard H, Downs J. Exploring quality of life of children with cerebral palsy and intellectual disability: What are the important domains of life? Child Care Health Dev 2017; 43:854-860. [PMID: 28748578 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is estimated that half of all children with cerebral palsy also have comorbid intellectual disability, the domains of quality of life (QOL) important for these children are not well understood. The aim of this study was to identify important domains of QOL for these children and adolescents. METHODS Due to the children's communication impairments, qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 parents. The children (9 males) had a median age of 12 (range 7 to 17) years at interview and nearly two thirds were classified as Gross Motor Function Classification System IV or V. A grounded theory approach was used to identify domains of QOL. RESULTS The 11 domains identified as important to QOL were physical health, body comfort, behaviour and emotion, communication, predictability and routine, movement and physical activity, nature and outdoors, variety of activity, independence and autonomy, social connectedness, and access to services. CONCLUSIONS The domains of QOL that emerged from this study will be useful for professionals who support children with cerebral palsy and their families. They will also be important for developing a QOL instrument essential for informing the development of interventions and their monitoring and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Davis
- The Jack Brockhoff Child Health and Wellbeing Program, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - D Reddihough
- Developmental Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - N Murphy
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - A Epstein
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - S M Reid
- Developmental Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A Whitehouse
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - K Williams
- Developmental Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - H Leonard
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - J Downs
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Davis E, Schuetze S, Patel S, Maki R, Jones R, Shin C, Knoblauch R, Wang G, Smith M, Demetri G, Merriam P. Efficacy and safety of patients treated long-term with trabectedin (t) on the expanded access program: A retrospective analysis. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx387.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Davis E, Fingerman K. LOOKING FOR LOVE: ONLINE PROFILE CONTENT OF OLDER AND YOUNGER GAY, LESBIAN, AND HETEROSEXUAL ADULTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. Davis
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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Davis E. DRIVER LICENSING DECISIONS FOR MEDICALLY AT RISK, OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, AND LOCAL PROVIDER NETWORKS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.3174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. Davis
- American Occupation Therapy Association, Bethesda, Maryland
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Davis E. Brugada Syndrome Unmasked by Fever but not Flecainide Challenge in a Renal Transplant Patient. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Calvas P, Davis E, Ragge N, Fares-Taïe L, Srour M, Michaud J, Kaplan J, Rozet J, Chassaing N. Genetics in microphthalmia. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Davis E, Hartney C, LaGorio L, Gustashaw K, Keim K, Sowa D. The National Dysphagia Diet Perceptions and Practice Patterns among Registered Dietitian-Nutritionists and Speech-Language Pathologists. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Stern
- Cardiovascular Unit, Medical Department B, Capillary Research Laboratory and Medical Outpatient Department C, Rothschild Hadassah University Hospital and Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - E. Davis
- Cardiovascular Unit, Medical Department B, Capillary Research Laboratory and Medical Outpatient Department C, Rothschild Hadassah University Hospital and Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - J. Landau
- Cardiovascular Unit, Medical Department B, Capillary Research Laboratory and Medical Outpatient Department C, Rothschild Hadassah University Hospital and Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Aleman M, Davis E, Knych H, Guedes A, Smith F, Madigan JE. Drug Residues after Intravenous Anesthesia and Intrathecal Lidocaine Hydrochloride Euthanasia in Horses. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:1322-6. [PMID: 27362367 PMCID: PMC5108439 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intrathecal lidocaine hydrochloride under general anesthesia has been used as an alternative method of euthanasia in equids. Carnivore, scavenger, and even human consumption of horse meat from carcasses have been anecdotally reported in rural areas after this method of euthanasia. The presence of drug residues in horse meat has not been investigated. Hypothesis/Objectives To investigate if drug residues are found in horse tissues and determine their concentrations. Animals Of 11 horses requiring euthanasia for medical reasons. Methods Prospective descriptive study. Horses were anesthetized with total IV dose of xylazine (mean, 2.5 mg/kg), midazolam (0.1 mg/kg), and ketamine hydrochloride (mean, 5.8 mg/kg). An atlanto‐occipital cisterna centesis for the collection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and administration of lidocaine hydrochloride (4 mg/kg) was performed. Blood samples for both serum and plasma, skeletal muscle (triceps brachii, gluteus medius), and CSF were collected for the determination of drug residues. Frozen skeletal muscle available from 5 additional horses that received standard dosages of drugs for short‐term anesthesia (xylazine 1.1 mg/kg, midazolam 0.1 mg/kg, and ketamine 2.2 mg/kg) also were analyzed. Results Drug residues were found in the tissues of all horses, but at extremely low concentrations. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Euthanasia by administration of lidocaine intrathecally to horses under IV anesthesia poses a low risk of toxicity to carnivores and scavengers that might consume muscle tissue from a carcass in which this protocol has been used.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aleman
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - E Davis
- International Animal Welfare Training Institute, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - H Knych
- K. L. Maddy Equine Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - A Guedes
- Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - F Smith
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - J E Madigan
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, CA
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Thewes B, Davis E, Girgis A, Valery PC, Giam K, Hocking A, Jackson J, He VY, Yip D, Garvey G. Routine screening of Indigenous cancer patients' unmet support needs: a qualitative study of patient and clinician attitudes. Int J Equity Health 2016; 15:90. [PMID: 27286811 PMCID: PMC4902957 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-016-0380-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Indigenous Australians have poorer cancer outcomes in terms of incidence mortality and survival compared with non-Indigenous Australians. The factors contributing to this disparity are complex. Identifying and addressing the psychosocial factors and support needs of Indigenous cancer patients may help reduce this disparity. The Supportive Care Needs Assessment Tool for Indigenous People (SCNAT-IP) is a validated 26-item questionnaire developed to assess their unmet supportive care needs. This qualitative study reports on patient and clinician attitudes towards feasibility and acceptability of SCNAT-IP in routine care. Methods Forty-four in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 clinical staff and 34 Indigenous cancer patients with heterogeneous tumours. Participants were recruited from four geographically diverse Australian cancer clinics. Transcripts were imported into qualitative analysis software (NVivo 10 Software), coded and thematic analysis performed. Results Indigenous patients (mean age 54.4 years) found the SCNAT-IP beneficial and easy to understand and they felt valued and heard. Clinical staff reported multiple benefits of using the SCNAT-IP. They particularly appreciated its comprehensive and systematic nature as well as the associated opportunities for early intervention. Some staff described improvements in team communication, while both staff and patients reported that new referrals to support services were directly triggered by completion of the SCNAT-IP. There were also inter-cultural benefits, with a positive and bi-directional exchange of information and cultural knowledge reported when using the SCNAT-IP. Although staff identified some potential barriers to using the SCNAT-IP, including the time required, the response format and comprehension difficulties amongst some participants with low English fluency, these were outweighed by the benefits. Some areas for scaled improvement were also identified by staff. Conclusions Staff and patients found the SCNAT-IP to be an acceptable tool and supported universal screening for Indigenous cancer patients. The SCNAT-IP has the potential to help reduce the inequalities in cancer care experienced by Indigenous Australians by identifying and subsequently addressing their unmet support needs. Further research is needed to explore the validity of the SCNAT-IP for Indigenous people from other nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Thewes
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Adelaide Street, PO Box 10639, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - E Davis
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Adelaide Street, PO Box 10639, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - A Girgis
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - P C Valery
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K Giam
- Alan Walker Cancer Care Centre, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia
| | - A Hocking
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Jackson
- Southern NSW Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
| | - V Yf He
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Adelaide Street, PO Box 10639, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - D Yip
- ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - G Garvey
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Adelaide Street, PO Box 10639, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
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Wang X, Tsai TC, Sales MA, Maxwell CV, Novak K, Davis E. 178 Evaluation of porcine IPEC-J2 cell line immune tesponse to Escherichia coli (0111:B4) lLipopolysaccharide. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/msasas2016-178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Johansen MP, Child DP, Caffrey EA, Davis E, Harrison JJ, Hotchkis MAC, Payne TE, Ikeda-Ohno A, Thiruvoth S, Twining JR, Beresford NA. Accumulation of plutonium in mammalian wildlife tissues following dispersal by accidental-release tests. J Environ Radioact 2016; 151 Pt 2:387-394. [PMID: 25910926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We examined the distribution of plutonium (Pu) in the tissues of mammalian wildlife inhabiting the relatively undisturbed, semi-arid former Taranaki weapons test site, Maralinga, Australia. The accumulation of absorbed Pu was highest in the skeleton (83% ± 6%), followed by muscle (10% ± 9%), liver (6% ± 6%), kidneys (0.6% ± 0.4%), and blood (0.2%). Pu activity concentrations in lung tissues were elevated relative to the body average. Foetal transfer was higher in the wildlife data than in previous laboratory studies. The amount of Pu in the gastrointestinal tract was highly elevated relative to that absorbed within the body, potentially increasing transfer of Pu to wildlife and human consumers that may ingest gastrointestinal tract organs. The Pu distribution in the Maralinga mammalian wildlife generally aligns with previous studies related to environmental exposure (e.g. Pu in humans from worldwide fallout), but contrasts with the partitioning models that have traditionally been used for human worker-protection purposes (approximately equal deposition in bone and liver) which appear to under-predict the skeletal accumulation in environmental exposure conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Johansen
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - D P Child
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - E A Caffrey
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - E Davis
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - J J Harrison
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - M A C Hotchkis
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - T E Payne
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - A Ikeda-Ohno
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia; Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.
| | - S Thiruvoth
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | | | - N A Beresford
- NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK.
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Batliner T, Wilson A, Davis E, Gallegos J, Thomas J, Tiwari T, Fehringer K, Wilson K, Albino J. A Comparative Analysis of Oral Health on the Santo Domingo Pueblo Reservation. J Community Health 2015; 41:535-40. [PMID: 26611694 PMCID: PMC4842215 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-015-0127-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The study was done to compare oral health data from a tribe in a relatively accessible location between Santa Fe and Albuquerque, New Mexico to national American Indian data and broader US data sets. Participants (N = 399) were recruited via random sampling of housing units. Dental health measures included DMFT/dmft and dental sealants. Comparisons were made using data from large-scale oral health surveillance studies. There was no difference in oral health for 3-5 year olds compared to a recent study of AI/AN preschool children. Compared to the general US population, Santo Domingo Pueblo children and adults showed higher prevalence of untreated decay. Children ages 5-19 had higher rates of sealant retention on permanent teeth, and adults showed lower prevalence of complete tooth retention. The children ages 5-19 and 12-19 with at least one sealant have significantly lower DMFT and less untreated decay than those without sealants. However, the percentage of children with and without sealants who had untreated decay was still more than two times higher than the general US population. Oral health of American Indian children and adults in Santo Domingo Pueblo was worse compared to the general US population but similar to previous results reported for the same Indian Health Service Area even though their location is less isolated than many other tribes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrence Batliner
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13055 E 17th Avenue, F800, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Anne Wilson
- School of Dental Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elaine Davis
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13055 E 17th Avenue, F800, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Joaquin Gallegos
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13055 E 17th Avenue, F800, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jacob Thomas
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13055 E 17th Avenue, F800, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Tamanna Tiwari
- School of Dental Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Karen Fehringer
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13055 E 17th Avenue, F800, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | | | - Judith Albino
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13055 E 17th Avenue, F800, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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