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Bhattacharyya P, Chen W, Huang X, Chatterjee S, Huang B, Kobrin B, Lyu Y, Smart TJ, Block M, Wang E, Wang Z, Wu W, Hsieh S, Ma H, Mandyam S, Chen B, Davis E, Geballe ZM, Zu C, Struzhkin V, Jeanloz R, Moore JE, Cui T, Galli G, Halperin BI, Laumann CR, Yao NY. Imaging the Meissner effect in hydride superconductors using quantum sensors. Nature 2024; 627:73-79. [PMID: 38418887 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
By directly altering microscopic interactions, pressure provides a powerful tuning knob for the exploration of condensed phases and geophysical phenomena1. The megabar regime represents an interesting frontier, in which recent discoveries include high-temperature superconductors, as well as structural and valence phase transitions2-6. However, at such high pressures, many conventional measurement techniques fail. Here we demonstrate the ability to perform local magnetometry inside a diamond anvil cell with sub-micron spatial resolution at megabar pressures. Our approach uses a shallow layer of nitrogen-vacancy colour centres implanted directly within the anvil7-9; crucially, we choose a crystal cut compatible with the intrinsic symmetries of the nitrogen-vacancy centre to enable functionality at megabar pressures. We apply our technique to characterize a recently discovered hydride superconductor, CeH9 (ref. 10). By performing simultaneous magnetometry and electrical transport measurements, we observe the dual signatures of superconductivity: diamagnetism characteristic of the Meissner effect and a sharp drop of the resistance to near zero. By locally mapping both the diamagnetic response and flux trapping, we directly image the geometry of superconducting regions, showing marked inhomogeneities at the micron scale. Our work brings quantum sensing to the megabar frontier and enables the closed-loop optimization of superhydride materials synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bhattacharyya
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - W Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - X Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - S Chatterjee
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - B Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - B Kobrin
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Y Lyu
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - T J Smart
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Block
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - E Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - W Wu
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S Hsieh
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - H Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S Mandyam
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - B Chen
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - E Davis
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Z M Geballe
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC, USA
| | - C Zu
- Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - V Struzhkin
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - R Jeanloz
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J E Moore
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - T Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - G Galli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Materials Science Division and Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - B I Halperin
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - C R Laumann
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Y Yao
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Bhaumik D, Salzman E, Davis E, Blostein F, Li G, Neiswanger K, Weyant R, Crout R, McNeil D, Marazita M, Foxman B. Plaque Microbiome in Caries-Active and Caries-Free Teeth by Dentition. JDR Clin Trans Res 2024; 9:61-71. [PMID: 36154330 PMCID: PMC10725180 DOI: 10.1177/23800844221121260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Describe associations between dental caries and dental plaque microbiome, by dentition and family membership. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis included 584 participants in the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia Cohort 1 (COHRA1). We sequenced the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V4 region) of frozen supragingival plaque, collected 10 y prior, from 185 caries-active (enamel and dentinal) and 565 caries-free (no lesions) teeth using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Sequences were filtered using the R DADA2 package and assigned taxonomy using the Human Oral Microbiome Database. RESULTS Microbiomes of caries-active and caries-free teeth were most similar in primary dentition and least similar in permanent dentition, but caries-active teeth were significantly less diverse than caries-free teeth in all dentition types. Streptococcus mutans had greater relative abundance in caries-active than caries-free teeth in all dentition types (P < 0.01), as did Veillonella dispar in primary and mixed dentition (P < 0.01). Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 had significantly higher relative abundance in caries-free than caries-active teeth in all dentition types (P < 0.01). In a linear mixed model adjusted for confounders, the relative abundance of S. mutans was significantly greater in plaque from caries-active than caries-free teeth (P < 0.001), and the relative abundance of Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 was significantly lower in plaque from caries-active than caries-free teeth (P < 0.001). Adding an effect for family improved model fit for Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 but notS. mutans. CONCLUSIONS The diversity of supragingival plaque composition from caries-active and caries-free teeth changed with dentition, but S. mutans was positively and Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 was negatively associated with caries regardless of dentition. There was a strong effect of family on the associations of Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 with the caries-free state, but this was not true for S. mutans and the caries-active state. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Patients' and dentists' concerns about transmission of bacteria within families causing caries should be tempered by the evidence that some shared bacteria may contribute to good oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Bhaumik
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E. Salzman
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E. Davis
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F. Blostein
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - G. Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K. Neiswanger
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R.J. Weyant
- Dental Public Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R. Crout
- Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - D.W. McNeil
- Departments of Psychology and Dental Practice & Rural Health, and Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - M.L. Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health; Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - B. Foxman
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Black P, Britton A, Davis E, Dusan F, Gang R, Garner MG, Hamilton SA, Petrey A, Schipp M, Weerasinghe G, Wilks C. Dr Mike Nunn 9 February 1953-19 May 2023. Aust Vet J 2023; 101:460-461. [PMID: 37918954 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Black
- Essential Foresight, Mount Coolum, Queensland, Australia
| | - A Britton
- Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - E Davis
- Global Veterinary Solutions Pty Ltd, Yass, New South Wales, Australia
| | - F Dusan
- Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Barton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - R Gang
- Department of Health Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - S A Hamilton
- Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - A Petrey
- Veterinary Public Health Chapter, Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists, Eight Mile Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Schipp
- Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - G Weerasinghe
- Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - C Wilks
- Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Cedillo YE, Kelly T, Davis E, Durham L, Smith DL, Kennedy RE, Fernández JR. Evaluation of food security status, psychological well-being, and stress on BMI and diet-related behaviors among a sample of college students. Public Health 2023; 224:32-40. [PMID: 37708714 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate food insecurity on body mass index (BMI) and diet-related behaviors among college students and whether psychological well-being (PWB) and stress levels mediate this relationship. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS Data from 1439 students from the American College Health Association National College Health Assessment III (Fall 2020) were used. Food security status was evaluated by the USDA Six-Item Short Form. PWB was measured using the Diener Flourishing Scale. Diet-related behaviors included the average servings of fruits, vegetables, and sugar-sweetened beverages consumed per day. Stress was measured by self-reported levels. Regression model analysis evaluated the influence of food security status, PWB, and stress levels on BMI. PWB and stress were also tested as mediators in the relationship between food insecurity and BMI. RESULTS Among our sample of college students, 44.54% (n = 641) were food insecure, and 55.46% (n = 798) were food secure. Multiple regression analysis showed that higher food insecurity, older age, full-time enrollment status, and fifth-year student status were positively associated with a higher BMI score (P < 0.05). Results from mediation models revealed that PWB, but not stress, mediated the relationship between food security and BMI among Black/African American students. Regarding diet-related behaviors, high stress levels mediated the relationship between food insecurity and sugar-sweetened beverage intake among students. CONCLUSIONS Food insecurity appears to influence BMI in college students. This relationship seems to be mediated by disrupted PWB and a higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages due to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y E Cedillo
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA.
| | - T Kelly
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA
| | - E Davis
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA
| | - L Durham
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA
| | - D L Smith
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA
| | - R E Kennedy
- Assistant Vice President for Student Health and Wellbeing, Division of Student Affairs, Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | - J R Fernández
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb Building, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA
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5
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Davis E, Martinez G, Blostein F, Marshall T, Jones A, Jansen E, McNeil D, Neiswanger K, Marazita M, Foxman B. Dietary Patterns and Risk of a New Carious Lesion Postpartum: A Cohort Study. J Dent Res 2022; 101:295-303. [PMID: 34609222 PMCID: PMC8982010 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211039478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries (cavities), one of the most common infectious diseases, is caused by a number of factors. Oral microbes, dietary practices, sociodemographic factors, and dental hygiene all inform caries risk. Assessing the impact of diet is complicated as individuals eat foods in combinations, and the interactions among the foods may alter caries risk. Our study aimed to prospectively assess the association between dietary patterns and caries risk in the postpartum period, a potentially sensitive period for caries development. We analyzed in-person dental assessments and telephone food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) from 879 Caucasian women participating in the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia Cohort 2 (COHRA2) that were collected biannually for up to 6 y. One-week recall of food intake frequency was assessed using a Likert scale. We used principal component analysis to summarize the FFQ data; the top 2 components described 15% and 12% of the variance in FFQ data. The first component was characterized by high consumption of fruits and vegetables, while the second component was heavily influenced by desserts and crackers. We used a modified Poisson model to predict the risk of an increase in the number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth in the postpartum period by 1) dietary patterns and 2) individual foods and beverages at the previous study visit, after controlling for other known risk factors, including history of carious lesions. Eating a dietary pattern high in desserts and crackers was associated with a 20% increase in the number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth in the postpartum period (95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.39). However, this effect was attenuated among those who also consumed a dietary pattern high in fruits and vegetables. Dietary patterns should be considered when devising interventions aimed at preventing dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Davis
- Center for Molecular and Clinical
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of
Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - G. Martinez
- Center for Molecular and Clinical
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of
Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F. Blostein
- Center for Molecular and Clinical
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of
Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - T. Marshall
- Department of Preventive and Community
Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - A.D. Jones
- Department of Nutritional Sciences,
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E. Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences,
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D.W. McNeil
- Center for Oral Health Research in
Appalachia (COHRA) University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia
University, Department of Dental Practice & Rural Health, West Virginia
University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - K. Neiswanger
- Center for Oral Health Research in
Appalachia (COHRA) University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental
Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M.L. Marazita
- Center for Oral Health Research in
Appalachia (COHRA) University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental
Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate
School of Public Health, Clinical and Translational Sciences, School of Medicine,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - B. Foxman
- Center for Molecular and Clinical
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of
Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- B. Foxman, Center for Molecular and
Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology,
University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann
Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Woodall M, Jacob J, Kalsi KK, Schroeder V, Davis E, Kenyon B, Khan I, Garnett JP, Tarran R, Baines DL. E-cigarette constituents propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin decrease glucose uptake and its metabolism in airway epithelial cells in vitro. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L957-L967. [PMID: 32996783 PMCID: PMC7792687 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00123.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Electronic nicotine delivery systems, or e-cigarettes, utilize a liquid solution that normally contains propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG) to generate vapor and act as a carrier for nicotine and flavorings. Evidence indicated these "carriers" reduced growth and survival of epithelial cells including those of the airway. We hypothesized that 3% PG or PG mixed with VG (3% PG/VG, 55:45) inhibited glucose uptake in human airway epithelial cells as a first step to reducing airway cell survival. Exposure of H441 or human bronchiolar epithelial cells (HBECs) to PG and PG/VG (30-60 min) inhibited glucose uptake and mitochondrial ATP synthesis. PG/VG inhibited glycolysis. PG/VG and mannitol reduced cell volume and height of air-liquid interface cultures. Mannitol, but not PG/VG, increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. PG/VG reduced transepithelial electrical resistance, which was associated with increased transepithelial solute permeability. PG/VG decreased fluorescence recovery after photobleaching of green fluorescent protein-linked glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT10, indicating that glucose transport function was compromised. Puffing PG/VG vapor onto the apical surface of primary HBECs for 10 min to mimic the effect of e-cigarette smoking also reduced glucose transport. In conclusion, short-term exposure to PG/VG, key components of e-cigarettes, decreased glucose transport and metabolism in airway cells. We propose that this was a result of PG/VG reduced cell volume and membrane fluidity, with further consequences on epithelial barrier function. Taking these results together, we suggest these factors contribute to reduced defensive properties of the epithelium. We propose that repeated/chronic exposure to these agents are likely to contribute to airway damage in e-cigarette users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Woodall
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. Jacob
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
| | - K. K. Kalsi
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
| | - V. Schroeder
- Immunology and Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - E. Davis
- Marsico Lung Institute and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - B. Kenyon
- Marsico Lung Institute and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - I. Khan
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. P. Garnett
- Immunology and Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - R. Tarran
- Marsico Lung Institute and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - D. L. Baines
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
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Ibrahim S, Wharton R, Harmon E, Bonner H, Davis E, Cho Y, Mazimba S, Kwon Y. 0622 In-Depth Surveillance of Central Sleep Apnea in Patients with Stable Heart Failure. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Central sleep apnea (CSA) is unique sleep breathing phenotype in patients with advanced chronic heart failure (HF) and portend poor prognosis. The prevalence of CSA in HF patients under contemporary therapy is uncertain.
Methods
We reviewed consecutive HF patients on optimal medical therapy who underwent clinically indicated diagnostic in-lab polysomnography at a single academic center. Age, sex and BMI matched patients without HF were selected from sleep clinic as a control. Patients with atrial fibrillation were excluded from this study. Apnea subtypes were determined after careful scoring and confirmation by sleep physicians. ‘Any CSA’ was defined by central apnea index (CAI) >5 and >1/hr. ‘True CSA’ was defined if met both CAI≥5/hr and > obstructive apnea index (OAI). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was defined if apnea hypopnea index >15 and OAI>CAI. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, HF and systolic dysfunction as appropriate.
Results
In patients with HF (N=95, mean age 59, female: 50%), CSA was low and was comparable to control group (N=94) (HF vs. Non-HF; CSA: 5.3 vs. 4.3%, P=NS; Any CSA 14.7 vs. 17%, P=NS). Only 3 patients with HF had true CSA. In contrast, OSA was common in both groups regardless of obesity status (52.3 vs. 55.3%). In patients with HF, Cheyne Stokes respiration was more frequent in patients with Any CSA vs. without Any CSA (13.3 vs. 3.8%, p=0.04). In multivariate analysis, presence of OSA, but not HF, was associated with Any CSA in entire cohort (Any CSA OR: 3.1 [1.3, 8.1], p=0.02). In patients with HF, male sex was associated with Any CSA (OR: 5.3 [1.1, 40.8], p=0.05). Exclusion of patients with high BMI did not change the results.
Conclusion
CSA was rare in patients with stable HF on contemporary optimal medical therapy.
Support
None
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ibrahim
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - R Wharton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - E Harmon
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - H Bonner
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - E Davis
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Y Cho
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - S Mazimba
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Y Kwon
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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8
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Steele S, Geraghty‐Dusan F, Davis E, Weerasinghe G, Churchill J. Michele Cotton 1948–2020. Aust Vet J 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Kosteria I, Schwandt A, Davis E, Jali S, Prieto M, Rottembourg D. Lipid profile is associated with treatment regimen in a large cohort of children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus: a study from the international SWEET database. Diabet Med 2019; 36:1294-1303. [PMID: 30972800 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the effect of pump vs injection therapy on the lipid profile of children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of the lipid profile of children aged ≤ 18 years with Type 1 diabetes mellitus from SWEET, an international diabetes registry, was conducted with a focus on the effect of treatment regimen. Dyslipidaemia was defined as LDL cholesterol ≥2.6 mmol/l or non-HDL cholesterol ≥3.1 mmol/l. LDL and non-HDL cholesterol values among 14 290 children (52% boys, 51% receiving pump therapy) from 60 SWEET centres were analysed by linear and logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, diabetes duration, HbA1c and BMI-standard deviation score group, region, and common interactions between age, sex, HbA1c and BMI. RESULTS This study confirmed the established associations of increased lipids with female sex, age, diabetes duration, HbA1c and BMI. LDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels were lower in the pump therapy group compared to the injection therapy group [LDL cholesterol: injection therapy 2.44 mmol/l (95% CI 2.42 to 2.46) vs pump therapy 2.39 mmol/l (95% CI 2.37-2.41), P<0.001; non-HDL cholesterol: injection therapy 2.88 mmol/l (95% CI 2.86 to 2.90) vs pump therapy 2.80 mmol/l (95% CI 2.78-2.82), both P<0.0001]. Similarly, the odds ratios for LDL cholesterol ≥2.6 mmol/l [0.89 (95% CI 0.82-0.97)] and non-HDL cholesterol ≥3.1 mmol/l [0.85 (0.78 to 0.93)] were significantly lower in the pump therapy group, even after all adjustments. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that pump therapy is associated with a better lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kosteria
- Diabetes Centre, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, First Department of Paediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - A Schwandt
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - E Davis
- Centre for Child Health Research, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western, Perth, Australia
| | - S Jali
- J. N. Medical College (KAHER) and the KLE Diabetes Centre, KLES Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belgaum, India
| | - M Prieto
- Hospital de Pediatria Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Rottembourg
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, Canada
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Marshall CR, Finnegan S, Clites EC, Holroyd PA, Bonuso N, Cortez C, Davis E, Dietl GP, Druckenmiller PS, Eng RC, Garcia C, Estes-Smargiassi K, Hendy A, Hollis KA, Little H, Nesbitt EA, Roopnarine P, Skibinski L, Vendetti J, White LD. Quantifying the dark data in museum fossil collections as palaeontology undergoes a second digital revolution. Biol Lett 2019; 14:rsbl.2018.0431. [PMID: 30185609 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2018.0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale analysis of the fossil record requires aggregation of palaeontological data from individual fossil localities. Prior to computers, these synoptic datasets were compiled by hand, a laborious undertaking that took years of effort and forced palaeontologists to make difficult choices about what types of data to tabulate. The advent of desktop computers ushered in palaeontology's first digital revolution-online literature-based databases, such as the Paleobiology Database (PBDB). However, the published literature represents only a small proportion of the palaeontological data housed in museum collections. Although this issue has long been appreciated, the magnitude, and thus potential significance, of these so-called 'dark data' has been difficult to determine. Here, in the early phases of a second digital revolution in palaeontology--the digitization of museum collections-we provide an estimate of the magnitude of palaeontology's dark data. Digitization of our nine institutions' holdings of Cenozoic marine invertebrate collections from California, Oregon and Washington in the USA reveals that they represent 23 times the number of unique localities than are currently available in the PBDB. These data, and the vast quantity of similarly untapped dark data in other museum collections, will, when digitally mobilized, enhance palaeontologists' ability to make inferences about the patterns and processes of past evolutionary and ecological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Marshall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3040 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA .,University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA
| | - S Finnegan
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3040 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA.,University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA
| | - E C Clites
- University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA
| | - P A Holroyd
- University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA
| | - N Bonuso
- Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA
| | - C Cortez
- John D. Cooper Archaeological and Paleontological Center, Santa Ana, CA 92701-6427, USA
| | - E Davis
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1272, USA.,University of Oregon Museum of Natural and Cultural History, 1680 E. 15th Avenue, Eugene, OR 97403-1224, USA
| | - G P Dietl
- Paleontological Research Institution, 1259 Trumansburg Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.,Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, 112 Hollister Drive, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - P S Druckenmiller
- University of Alaska Museum and Department of Geosciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 1962 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - R C Eng
- Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Box 353010, Seattle, WA 98195-3010, USA
| | - C Garcia
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - K Estes-Smargiassi
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - A Hendy
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - K A Hollis
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013, USA
| | - H Little
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013, USA
| | - E A Nesbitt
- Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Box 353010, Seattle, WA 98195-3010, USA
| | - P Roopnarine
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - L Skibinski
- Paleontological Research Institution, 1259 Trumansburg Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - J Vendetti
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - L D White
- University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA
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Ackenbom M, Dong S, Romanova A, Baranski L, Butters M, Davis E, Zyczynski H. 13: Postoperative narcotic utilization in older women after pelvic organ prolapse surgery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gardner J, LeBoeuf C, Bell P, McGlore O, Tennet H, Alba N, Carroll M, Baert L, Beaton H, Cordell E, Haynes A, Reed C, Lichter K, McCarthy P, McCarthy S, Monchamp T, Roach J, Manies S, Gunville F, Marosok L, Nelson T, Ackerman K, Rudolph J, Stewart M, McCormick K, May S, Falls T, Barrett T, Dale K, Makusha L, McTernana C, Penny-Thomas K, Sullivan K, Narendran P, Robbie J, Smith D, Christensen R, Koehler B, Royal C, Arthur T, Houser H, Renaldi J, Watsen S, Wu P, Lyons L, House B, Yu J, Holt H, Nation M, Vickers C, Watling R, Heptulla R, Trast J, Agarwal C, Newell D, Katikaneni R, Gardner C, Del Rio A, Logan A, Collier H, Rishton C, Whalley G, Ali A, Ramtoola S, Quattrin T, Mastrandea L, House A, Ecker M, Huang C, Gougeon C, Ho J, Pacuad D, Dunger D, May J, O’Brien C, Acerini C, Salgin B, Thankamony A, Williams R, Buse J, Fuller G, Duclos M, Tricome J, Brown H, Pittard D, Bowlby D, Blue A, Headley T, Bendre S, Lewis K, Sutphin K, Soloranzo C, Puskaric J, Madison H, Rincon M, Carlucci M, Shridharani R, Rusk B, Tessman E, Huffman D, Abrams H, Biederman B, Jones M, Leathers V, Brickman W, Petrie P, Zimmerman D, Howard J, Miller L, Alemzadeh R, Mihailescu D, Melgozza-Walker R, Abdulla N, Boucher-Berry C, Ize-Ludlow D, Levy R, Swenson Brousell C, Scott R, Heenan H, Lunt H, Kendall D, Willis J, Darlow B, Crimmins N, Edler D, Weis T, Schultz C, Rogers D, Latham D, Mawhorter C, Switzer C, Spencer W, Konstantnopoulus P, Broder S, Klein J, Bachrach B, Gardner M, Eichelberger D, Knight L, Szadek L, Welnick G, Thompson B, Hoffman R, Revell A, Cherko J, Carter K, Gilson E, Haines J, Arthur G, Bowen B, Zipf W, Graves P, Lozano R, Seiple D, Spicer K, Chang A, Fregosi J, Harbinson J, Paulson C, Stalters S, Wright P, Zlock D, Freeth A, Victory J, Maheshwari H, Maheshwari A, Holmstrom T, Bueno J, Arguello R, Ahern J, Noreika L, Watson V, Hourse S, Breyer P, Kissel C, Nicholson Y, Pfeifer M, Almazan S, Bajaj J, Quinn M, Funk K, McCance J, Moreno E, Veintimilla R, Wells A, Cook J, Trunnel S, Transue D, Surhigh J, Bezzaire D, Moltz K, Zacharski E, Henske J, Desai S, Frizelis K, Khan F, Sjoberg R, Allen K, Manning P, Hendry G, Taylor B, Jones S, Couch R, Danchak R, Lieberman D, Strader W, Bencomo M, Bailey T, Bedolla L, Roldan C, Moudiotis C, Vaidya B, Anning C, Bunce S, Estcourt S, Folland E, Gordon E, Harrill C, Ireland J, Piper J, Scaife L, Sutton K, Wilkins S, Costelloe M, Palmer J, Casas L, Miller C, Burgard M, Erickson C, Hallanger-Johnson J, Clark P, Taylor W, Galgani J, Banerjee S, Banda C, McEowen D, Kinman R, Lafferty A, Gillett S, Nolan C, Pathak M, Sondrol L, Hjelle T, Hafner S, Kotrba J, Hendrickson R, Cemeroglu A, Symington T, Daniel M, Appiagyei-Dankah Y, Postellon D, Racine M, Kleis L, Barnes K, Godwin S, McCullough H, Shaheen K, Buck G, Noel L, Warren M, Weber S, Parker S, Gillespie I, Nelson B, Frost C, Amrhein J, Moreland E, Hayes A, Peggram J, Aisenberg J, Riordan M, Zasa J, Cummings E, Scott K, Pinto T, Mokashi A, McAssey K, Helden E, Hammond P, Dinning L, Rahman S, Ray S, Dimicri C, Guppy S, Nielsen H, Vogel C, Ariza C, Morales L, Chang Y, Gabbay R, Ambrocio L, Manley L, Nemery R, Charlton W, Smith P, Kerr L, Steindel-Kopp B, Alamaguer M, Tabisola-Nuesca E, Pendersen A, Larson N, Cooper-Olviver H, Chan D, Fitz-Patrick D, Carreira T, Park Y, Ruhaak R, Liljenquist D. A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1887-1894. [PMID: 30002199 PMCID: PMC6105323 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47-3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Redondo
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Seth Sharp
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - John M. Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael N. Weedon
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A. Oram
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
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Gadde U, Oh ST, Lee YS, Davis E, Zimmerman N, Rehberger T, Lillehoj HS. The Effects of Direct-fed Microbial Supplementation, as an Alternative to Antibiotics, on Growth Performance, Intestinal Immune Status, and Epithelial Barrier Gene Expression in Broiler Chickens. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018; 9:397-405. [PMID: 28421423 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic supplementation in broiler chicken diets on growth performance, feed efficiency, intestinal cytokine, and tight junction (TJ) protein mRNA expression. Zero-day-old broiler chicks (n = 140) were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments: basal diet (CON); basal diet supplemented with either antibiotic bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD); or probiotics, namely, B. subtilis strain 1781 (PB1), a combination of B. subtilis strain 1104 + strain 747 (PB2), or B. subtilis strain 1781 + strain 747 (PB3). Body weight and feed intake were measured at 14 days of age, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated. At 14 days of age, ileal samples were collected and used for intestinal cytokine, TJ protein, and mucin gene expression analysis using qRT-PCR. The chickens supplemented with antibiotic (BMD) and B. subtilis strain 1781 alone (PB1) had significantly higher body weights compared to controls of the same age. Dietary supplementation with antibiotic (BMD) or probiotics (PB1, PB2, PB3) significantly improved the feed efficiency as evidenced by decreased FCR compared to controls. No differences were observed in the expression of IL1β, IL17F, IFNγ, and MUC2 gene among the different treatment groups. However, elevated expression of IL6 (BMD, PB1, PB2), IL8 (PB2), and TNFSF15 (PB1, PB2, PB3) compared to controls was observed in the ileum. IL2 and IL10 expression was upregulated in chicks in the PB2 and PB3 groups, and IL4 was elevated in the PB1 group. IL13 was elevated in all probiotic-fed groups (PB1, PB2, PB3). Probiotic supplementation was also shown to significantly increase the expression of TJ proteins JAM2, ZO1 (PB2, PB3), and occludin (PB1, PB2). Taken together, B. subtilis supplementation altered intestinal immune activity and influenced gut barrier integrity through increased tight junction gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Gadde
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Bldg. 1043, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - S T Oh
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Bldg. 1043, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - Y S Lee
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Bldg. 1043, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - E Davis
- Agro Biosciences Inc., 10437 Innovation Drive, Wauwatosa, WI, 53226, USA
| | - N Zimmerman
- Agro Biosciences Inc., 10437 Innovation Drive, Wauwatosa, WI, 53226, USA
| | - T Rehberger
- Agro Biosciences Inc., 10437 Innovation Drive, Wauwatosa, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Hyun S Lillehoj
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Bldg. 1043, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
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Raraigh K, Han S, Davis E, Evans T, Pellicore M, Mccague A, Joynt A, Lu Z, Atalar M, Sharma N, Sosnay P, Cutting G. WS17.3 Functional characterisation and CFTR2 disease liability assignment of 48 missense variants. J Cyst Fibros 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(18)30216-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Gilson KM, Davis E, Johnson S, Gains J, Reddihough D, Williams K. Mental health care needs and preferences for mothers of children with a disability. Child Care Health Dev 2018; 44:384-391. [PMID: 29430692 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mothers of children with a disability are at increased risk of poor mental health compared with mothers of typically developing children. The aim of the study was to describe the mental health care needs and preferences for support of mothers of children and young people aged 0-25 years with a disability. METHODS A cross-sectional study was used, using an online survey with 294 mothers of children with a disability. Questions were asked about mental health, perceived need for support, barriers to accessing mental health care, and preferences for support. Descriptive and chi-squared analyses were performed. RESULTS High rates of mental ill health were self-identified in the previous 12 months, with reported clinically significant depression (44%), anxiety (42%), and suicidality (22%). Nearly half (48%) of the mothers reported high to very high psychological distress. Although 75% of mothers perceived a need for professional support, only 58% attempted to access this. Key barriers to accessing support were caregiving duties making it difficult to schedule appointments (45%) and not perceiving the mental health problem as serious enough to require help (36%). Individual counselling was the preferred type of support (66%) followed by professionally guided relaxation (49%) and education about mental health (47%). Support was considered most critical at the time of diagnosis and during medical intervention for their child. CONCLUSIONS Although mental health problems were common and mothers perceived the need for professional help, several key barriers were preventing mothers from accessing help. Our study suggests that improving mothers' knowledge of when and where to seek help (mental health literacy) may encourage their access to support. There also needs to be more accessible treatment to mothers given the high care demands that are placed upon them.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-M Gilson
- Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neurodevelopment & Disability, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Davis
- Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Johnson
- Centre for Family Research and Evaluation, Drummond Street Services, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Gains
- Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D Reddihough
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neurodevelopment & Disability, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K Williams
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neurodevelopment & Disability, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Davis
- VMTH–Clinical Sciences Kansas State University Manhattan USA
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17
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Yin M, Ruckel S, McKellar S, Elmer A, Koliopoulou A, Dranow L, Harry J, Davis E, Gilbert E, Nativi-Nicolau J, Stehlik J, Reid B, Fang J, Drakos S, Kfoury A, Selzman C, Wever-Pinzon O. A Novel Predictive Risk Score for Gastrointestinal Bleed Following Implantation of Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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18
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Yin M, Strege J, Elmer A, Davis E, Gilbert E, McKellar S, Koliopoulou A, Nativi-Nicolau J, Stehlik J, Fang J, Drakos S, Selzman C, Wever-Pinzon O. Impact of a Novel Shared Healthcare Delivery Model in Remotely Located Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Davis E, Reddihough D, Murphy N, Epstein A, Reid SM, Whitehouse A, Williams K, Leonard H, Downs J. Exploring quality of life of children with cerebral palsy and intellectual disability: What are the important domains of life? Child Care Health Dev 2017; 43:854-860. [PMID: 28748578 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is estimated that half of all children with cerebral palsy also have comorbid intellectual disability, the domains of quality of life (QOL) important for these children are not well understood. The aim of this study was to identify important domains of QOL for these children and adolescents. METHODS Due to the children's communication impairments, qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 parents. The children (9 males) had a median age of 12 (range 7 to 17) years at interview and nearly two thirds were classified as Gross Motor Function Classification System IV or V. A grounded theory approach was used to identify domains of QOL. RESULTS The 11 domains identified as important to QOL were physical health, body comfort, behaviour and emotion, communication, predictability and routine, movement and physical activity, nature and outdoors, variety of activity, independence and autonomy, social connectedness, and access to services. CONCLUSIONS The domains of QOL that emerged from this study will be useful for professionals who support children with cerebral palsy and their families. They will also be important for developing a QOL instrument essential for informing the development of interventions and their monitoring and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Davis
- The Jack Brockhoff Child Health and Wellbeing Program, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - D Reddihough
- Developmental Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - N Murphy
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - A Epstein
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - S M Reid
- Developmental Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A Whitehouse
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - K Williams
- Developmental Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - H Leonard
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - J Downs
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Davis E, Schuetze S, Patel S, Maki R, Jones R, Shin C, Knoblauch R, Wang G, Smith M, Demetri G, Merriam P. Efficacy and safety of patients treated long-term with trabectedin (t) on the expanded access program: A retrospective analysis. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx387.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Davis E, Fingerman K. LOOKING FOR LOVE: ONLINE PROFILE CONTENT OF OLDER AND YOUNGER GAY, LESBIAN, AND HETEROSEXUAL ADULTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. Davis
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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Davis E. DRIVER LICENSING DECISIONS FOR MEDICALLY AT RISK, OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, AND LOCAL PROVIDER NETWORKS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.3174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. Davis
- American Occupation Therapy Association, Bethesda, Maryland
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Davis E. Brugada Syndrome Unmasked by Fever but not Flecainide Challenge in a Renal Transplant Patient. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Calvas P, Davis E, Ragge N, Fares-Taïe L, Srour M, Michaud J, Kaplan J, Rozet J, Chassaing N. Genetics in microphthalmia. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Davis E, Hartney C, LaGorio L, Gustashaw K, Keim K, Sowa D. The National Dysphagia Diet Perceptions and Practice Patterns among Registered Dietitian-Nutritionists and Speech-Language Pathologists. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Stern
- Cardiovascular Unit, Medical Department B, Capillary Research Laboratory and Medical Outpatient Department C, Rothschild Hadassah University Hospital and Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - E. Davis
- Cardiovascular Unit, Medical Department B, Capillary Research Laboratory and Medical Outpatient Department C, Rothschild Hadassah University Hospital and Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - J. Landau
- Cardiovascular Unit, Medical Department B, Capillary Research Laboratory and Medical Outpatient Department C, Rothschild Hadassah University Hospital and Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Aleman M, Davis E, Knych H, Guedes A, Smith F, Madigan JE. Drug Residues after Intravenous Anesthesia and Intrathecal Lidocaine Hydrochloride Euthanasia in Horses. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:1322-6. [PMID: 27362367 PMCID: PMC5108439 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intrathecal lidocaine hydrochloride under general anesthesia has been used as an alternative method of euthanasia in equids. Carnivore, scavenger, and even human consumption of horse meat from carcasses have been anecdotally reported in rural areas after this method of euthanasia. The presence of drug residues in horse meat has not been investigated. Hypothesis/Objectives To investigate if drug residues are found in horse tissues and determine their concentrations. Animals Of 11 horses requiring euthanasia for medical reasons. Methods Prospective descriptive study. Horses were anesthetized with total IV dose of xylazine (mean, 2.5 mg/kg), midazolam (0.1 mg/kg), and ketamine hydrochloride (mean, 5.8 mg/kg). An atlanto‐occipital cisterna centesis for the collection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and administration of lidocaine hydrochloride (4 mg/kg) was performed. Blood samples for both serum and plasma, skeletal muscle (triceps brachii, gluteus medius), and CSF were collected for the determination of drug residues. Frozen skeletal muscle available from 5 additional horses that received standard dosages of drugs for short‐term anesthesia (xylazine 1.1 mg/kg, midazolam 0.1 mg/kg, and ketamine 2.2 mg/kg) also were analyzed. Results Drug residues were found in the tissues of all horses, but at extremely low concentrations. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Euthanasia by administration of lidocaine intrathecally to horses under IV anesthesia poses a low risk of toxicity to carnivores and scavengers that might consume muscle tissue from a carcass in which this protocol has been used.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aleman
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - E Davis
- International Animal Welfare Training Institute, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - H Knych
- K. L. Maddy Equine Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - A Guedes
- Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - F Smith
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - J E Madigan
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, CA
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Thewes B, Davis E, Girgis A, Valery PC, Giam K, Hocking A, Jackson J, He VY, Yip D, Garvey G. Routine screening of Indigenous cancer patients' unmet support needs: a qualitative study of patient and clinician attitudes. Int J Equity Health 2016; 15:90. [PMID: 27286811 PMCID: PMC4902957 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-016-0380-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Indigenous Australians have poorer cancer outcomes in terms of incidence mortality and survival compared with non-Indigenous Australians. The factors contributing to this disparity are complex. Identifying and addressing the psychosocial factors and support needs of Indigenous cancer patients may help reduce this disparity. The Supportive Care Needs Assessment Tool for Indigenous People (SCNAT-IP) is a validated 26-item questionnaire developed to assess their unmet supportive care needs. This qualitative study reports on patient and clinician attitudes towards feasibility and acceptability of SCNAT-IP in routine care. Methods Forty-four in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 clinical staff and 34 Indigenous cancer patients with heterogeneous tumours. Participants were recruited from four geographically diverse Australian cancer clinics. Transcripts were imported into qualitative analysis software (NVivo 10 Software), coded and thematic analysis performed. Results Indigenous patients (mean age 54.4 years) found the SCNAT-IP beneficial and easy to understand and they felt valued and heard. Clinical staff reported multiple benefits of using the SCNAT-IP. They particularly appreciated its comprehensive and systematic nature as well as the associated opportunities for early intervention. Some staff described improvements in team communication, while both staff and patients reported that new referrals to support services were directly triggered by completion of the SCNAT-IP. There were also inter-cultural benefits, with a positive and bi-directional exchange of information and cultural knowledge reported when using the SCNAT-IP. Although staff identified some potential barriers to using the SCNAT-IP, including the time required, the response format and comprehension difficulties amongst some participants with low English fluency, these were outweighed by the benefits. Some areas for scaled improvement were also identified by staff. Conclusions Staff and patients found the SCNAT-IP to be an acceptable tool and supported universal screening for Indigenous cancer patients. The SCNAT-IP has the potential to help reduce the inequalities in cancer care experienced by Indigenous Australians by identifying and subsequently addressing their unmet support needs. Further research is needed to explore the validity of the SCNAT-IP for Indigenous people from other nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Thewes
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Adelaide Street, PO Box 10639, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - E Davis
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Adelaide Street, PO Box 10639, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - A Girgis
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - P C Valery
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K Giam
- Alan Walker Cancer Care Centre, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia
| | - A Hocking
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Jackson
- Southern NSW Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
| | - V Yf He
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Adelaide Street, PO Box 10639, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - D Yip
- ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - G Garvey
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Adelaide Street, PO Box 10639, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
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Wang X, Tsai TC, Sales MA, Maxwell CV, Novak K, Davis E. 178 Evaluation of porcine IPEC-J2 cell line immune tesponse to Escherichia coli (0111:B4) lLipopolysaccharide. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/msasas2016-178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Johansen MP, Child DP, Caffrey EA, Davis E, Harrison JJ, Hotchkis MAC, Payne TE, Ikeda-Ohno A, Thiruvoth S, Twining JR, Beresford NA. Accumulation of plutonium in mammalian wildlife tissues following dispersal by accidental-release tests. J Environ Radioact 2016; 151 Pt 2:387-394. [PMID: 25910926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We examined the distribution of plutonium (Pu) in the tissues of mammalian wildlife inhabiting the relatively undisturbed, semi-arid former Taranaki weapons test site, Maralinga, Australia. The accumulation of absorbed Pu was highest in the skeleton (83% ± 6%), followed by muscle (10% ± 9%), liver (6% ± 6%), kidneys (0.6% ± 0.4%), and blood (0.2%). Pu activity concentrations in lung tissues were elevated relative to the body average. Foetal transfer was higher in the wildlife data than in previous laboratory studies. The amount of Pu in the gastrointestinal tract was highly elevated relative to that absorbed within the body, potentially increasing transfer of Pu to wildlife and human consumers that may ingest gastrointestinal tract organs. The Pu distribution in the Maralinga mammalian wildlife generally aligns with previous studies related to environmental exposure (e.g. Pu in humans from worldwide fallout), but contrasts with the partitioning models that have traditionally been used for human worker-protection purposes (approximately equal deposition in bone and liver) which appear to under-predict the skeletal accumulation in environmental exposure conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Johansen
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - D P Child
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - E A Caffrey
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - E Davis
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - J J Harrison
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - M A C Hotchkis
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - T E Payne
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | - A Ikeda-Ohno
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia; Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.
| | - S Thiruvoth
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.
| | | | - N A Beresford
- NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK.
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Aleman M, Davis E, Williams DC, Madigan JE, Smith F, Guedes A. Electrophysiologic Study of a Method of Euthanasia Using Intrathecal Lidocaine Hydrochloride Administered during Intravenous Anesthesia in Horses. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:1676-82. [PMID: 26332487 PMCID: PMC4895652 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An intravenous (IV) overdose of pentobarbital sodium is the most commonly used method of euthanasia in veterinary medicine. However, this compound is not available in many countries or rural areas resulting in usage of alternative methods such as intrathecal lidocaine administration after IV anesthesia. Its safety and efficacy as a method of euthanasia have not been investigated in the horse. Hypothesis/Objectives To investigate changes in mean arterial blood pressure and electrical activity of the cerebral cortex, brainstem, and heart during intrathecal administration of lidocaine. Our hypothesis was that intrathecal lidocaine affects the cerebral cortex and brainstem before affecting cardiovascular function. Animals Eleven horses requiring euthanasia for medical reasons. Methods Prospective observational study. Horses were anesthetized with xylazine, midazolam, and ketamine; and instrumented for recording of electroencephalogram (EEG), electrooculogram (EOG), brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER), and electrocardiogram (ECG). Physical and neurological (brainstem reflexes) variables were monitored. Mean arterial blood pressure was recorded throughout the study. Results Loss of cerebro‐cortical electrical activity occurred up to 226 seconds after the end of the infusion of lidocaine solution. Cessation of brainstem function as evidenced by a lack of brainstem reflexes and disappearance of BAER occurred subsequently. Undetectable heart sounds, nonpalpable arterial pulse, and extremely low mean arterial blood pressure supported cardiac death; a recordable ECG was the last variable to disappear after the infusion (300–1,279 seconds). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Intrathecal administration of lidocaine is an effective alternative method of euthanasia in anesthetized horses, during which brain death occurs before cardiac death.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aleman
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - E Davis
- International Animal Welfare Training Institute, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - D C Williams
- The William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - J E Madigan
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - F Smith
- The William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - A Guedes
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA
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Tomlinson JE, Byrne E, Pusterla N, Magdesian KG, Hilton HG, McGorum B, Davis E, Schoster A, Arroyo L, Dunkel B, Carslake H, Boston RC, Johnson AL. The Use of Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator (rTPA) in The Treatment of Fibrinous Pleuropneumonia in Horses: 25 Cases (2007-2012). J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:1403-9. [PMID: 26256909 PMCID: PMC4858032 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Information about treatment protocols, adverse effects and outcomes with intrapleural recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA) use in horses with fibrinous pleuropneumonia is limited. Hypothesis/Objectives Describe factors that contribute to clinical response and survival of horses treated with rTPA intrapleurally. Animals Horses with bacterial pneumonia and fibrinous pleural effusion diagnosed by ultrasonography, that were treated with rTPA intrapleurally. Methods Retrospective multicenter case series from 2007–2012. Signalment, history, clinical and laboratory evaluation, treatment, and outcome obtained from medical records. Regression analysis used to identify associations between treatments and outcomes. Results Thirty three hemithoraces were treated in 25 horses, with 55 separate treatments. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (375–20,000 μg/hemithorax) was administered 1–4 times. Sonographically visible reduction in fibrin mat thickness, loculations, fluid depth, or some combination of these was seen in 32/49 (65%) treatments. Response to at least 1 treatment was seen in 17/20 (85%) horses with sonographic follow‐up evaluation after every treatment. Earlier onset of rTPA treatment associated with increased survival odds. No association was found between cumulative rTPA dose or number of rTPA doses and survival, development of complications, duration of hospitalization or total charges. Clinical evidence of hypocoagulability or bleeding was not observed. Eighteen horses (72%) survived to discharge. Conclusions and clinical importance Treatment with rTPA appeared safe and resulted in variable changes in fibrin quantity and organization within the pleural space. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator could be a useful adjunct to standard treatment of fibrinous pleuropneumonia, but optimal case selection and dosing regimen remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Tomlinson
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA
| | - E Byrne
- Alamo Pintado Equine Medical Center, Los Olivos, CA
| | - N Pusterla
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - K Gary Magdesian
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - H G Hilton
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - B McGorum
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
| | - E Davis
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - A Schoster
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - L Arroyo
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - B Dunkel
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Herts, UK
| | - H Carslake
- Philip Leverhulme Equine Hospital, University of Liverpool, Wirral, UK
| | - R C Boston
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA
| | - A L Johnson
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA
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Yam W, Davis E, Ackley S, Evans M, Mavalvala N. Continuously tunable modulation scheme for precision control of optical cavities with variable detuning. Opt Lett 2015; 40:3675-3678. [PMID: 26258386 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.003675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a scheme for locking optical cavities with arbitrary detuning by many linewidths from resonance using an electro-optic modulator that can provide arbitrary ratios of amplitude-to-phase modulation. We demonstrate our scheme on a Fabry-Perot cavity, and show that a well-behaved linear error signal can be obtained by demodulating the reflected light from a cavity that is detuned by several linewidths.
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Garvey G, Thewes B, He VFY, Davis E, Girgis A, Valery PC, Giam K, Hocking A, Jackson J, Jones V, Yip D. Indigenous cancer patient and staff attitudes towards unmet needs screening using the SCNAT-IP. Support Care Cancer 2015; 24:215-223. [PMID: 26003424 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-015-2770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Indigenous Australians have a higher cancer incidence, worse mortality and are less likely to receive optimal cancer treatment compared with non-Indigenous Australians. Culturally appropriate supportive care helps ensure that Indigenous patients engage in and receive optimal care. However, many existing supportive care needs tools lack cultural relevance for Indigenous people, and their feasibility with Indigenous people has not been demonstrated. The Supportive Care Needs Assessment Tool for Indigenous People (SCNAT-IP) assesses the unmet supportive care needs of Indigenous cancer patients. PURPOSE This descriptive study evaluates the clinical implementation of the SCNAT-IP in routine care. METHODS Two large tertiary cancer treatment centres and two regional oncology clinics participated. Participants included 10 clinical staff and 36 adult Indigenous cancer patients (mean age 54 years). Patients and clinicians completed brief, purpose-designed questionnaires and interviews. RESULTS Patients reported high ratings (means >8/10) for acceptability, helpfulness and timing items. The majority (≥80%) of staff agreed that the SCNAT-IP was useful to clinical practice, should be used in routine care and was acceptable to their patients. CONCLUSIONS The study provides empirical support for the feasibility and acceptability of the SCNAT-IP in routine cancer care with Indigenous Australians. Routine screening with the SCNAT-IP has the potential to improve cancer care for Indigenous people with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Garvey
- Menzies School of Health Research, PO Box 10639, Adelaide Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
| | - B Thewes
- Menzies School of Health Research, PO Box 10639, Adelaide Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - V F Y He
- Menzies School of Health Research, PO Box 10639, Adelaide Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - E Davis
- Menzies School of Health Research, PO Box 10639, Adelaide Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - A Girgis
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - P C Valery
- Menzies School of Health Research, PO Box 10639, Adelaide Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - K Giam
- Alan Walker Cancer Care Centre, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia
| | - A Hocking
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Jackson
- Southern NSW Local Health District, Queanbeyan, NSW, Australia
| | - V Jones
- Southern NSW Local Health District, Queanbeyan, NSW, Australia
| | - D Yip
- ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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Dull RB, Davis E. Heme iron polypeptide for the management of anaemia of chronic kidney disease. J Clin Pharm Ther 2015; 40:386-90. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. B. Dull
- Department of Pharmacy Practice; Creighton University School of Pharmacy and Health Professions; Omaha NE USA
| | - E. Davis
- Department of Pharmacy Practice; Creighton University School of Pharmacy and Health Professions; Omaha NE USA
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ElNaggar A, Coffman C, Davis E, Duncan M, Reed M. Utility of intraoperative frozen section of the inguinofemoral sentinel lymph node in vulvar cancer: A retrospective cohort. Gynecol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.01.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Laxton R, Doey L, Murphy-Stout A, Davis E, Bhangoo R, Gullan R, Ashkan K, Al-Sarraj S. P46 * THE KI-67 LABELLING INDEX WITH MAXIMALLY SELECTED CUT-OFFS IS BETTER AT PREDICTING RECURRENCE THAN THE WHO GRADING SYSTEM OF MENINGIOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou249.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Corr L, Davis E, LaMontagne A, Waters E, Steele E. Childcare providers’ mental health: a systematic review of its prevalence, determinants and relationship to care quality. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14623730.2014.931067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Thewes B, Butow P, Davis E, Turner J, Mason C. Psychologists' views of inter-disciplinary psychosocial communication within the cancer care team. Support Care Cancer 2014; 22:3193-200. [PMID: 24972585 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-014-2299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about how psychologists working in cancer care centres communicate clinical information to other members of the multidisciplinary team or what information is communicated. PURPOSE This study surveyed Australian cancer care psychologists regarding their communication practices and their views on barriers to and facilitators of effective inter-disciplinary communication. METHODS Psychologists were invited to complete an online survey containing purpose-designed items that addressed study aims. RESULTS Forty-four psychologists completed the survey. Psychologists' most common method of recording initial consultations was in patient medical records, with 69 % of respondents recording notes in either most of the time or all of the time. Twenty-two percent of psychologists said they did not regularly feedback the results of an initial assessment to a referrer and more than 40 % used verbal and e-mail communication to do so. CONCLUSIONS This study provides data that will assist in the development of guidelines for inter-professional communication between psychologists and other members of the cancer care team.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Thewes
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-Based Decision-making, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia,
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Gazarian K, Davare M, Davis E, Haggard P, Rothwell J, Ward N. P1072: Effector-specific motor resonance is modulated by the type of observed action. Clin Neurophysiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(14)51101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Aye C, Davis E, Upton R, Lewandowski AJ, Leeson P. Assessment of cardiac function from fetal to adult life with myocardial deformation imaging. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014; 43:605-608. [PMID: 24888740 DOI: 10.1002/uog.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Aye
- Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX39DU, UK; Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Boman KK, Hornquist L, Rickardsson J, Lannering B, Gustafsson G, Pitchford N, Davis E, Walker D, Hoang DH, Pagnier A, Cousin E, Guichardet K, Schiff I, Dubois-Teklali F, Krainik A, Lazar MB, Resnik K, Olsson IT, Perrin S, Burtscher IB, Lundgren J, Kahn A, Johanson A, Korzeniewska J, Dembowska-Baginska B, Perek-Polnik M, Walsh K, Gioia A, Wells E, Packer R, de Speville ED, Dufour C, Bolle S, Giraudat K, Longaud A, Kieffer V, Grill J, Puget S, Valteau-Couanet D, Hetz-Pannier L, Noulhiane M, Chieffo D, Tamburrini G, Caldarelli M, Di Rocco C, Margelisch K, Studer M, Steinlin M, Leibundgut K, Heinks T, Longaud-Vales A, Chevignard M, Dufour C, Grill J, Pujet S, Sainte-Rose C, Valteau-Couanet D, Dellatolas G, Kahalley L, Grosshans D, Paulino A, Ris MD, Chintagumpala M, Okcu F, Moore B, Stancel H, Minard C, Guffey D, Mahajan A, Herrington B, Raiker J, Manning E, Criddle J, Karlson C, Guerry W, Finlay J, Sands S, Dockstader C, Skocic J, Bouffet E, Laughlin S, Tabori U, Mabbott D, Moxon-Emre I, Scantlebury N, Taylor MD, Bouffet E, Malkin D, Laughlin S, Law N, Kumabe T, Leonard J, Rubin J, Jung S, Kim SK, Gupta N, Weiss W, Faria C, Vibhakar R, Spiegler B, Janzen L, Liu F, Decker L, Mabbott D, Lemiere J, Vercruysse T, Haers M, Vandenabeele K, Geuens S, Jacobs S, Van Gool S, Riggs L, Piscione J, Bouffet E, Timmons B, Laughlin S, Cunningham T, Bartels U, Skocic J, Liu F, Mabbott D, Riggs L, Bouffet E, Chakravarty M, Laughlin S, Laperriere N, Liu F, Skocic J, Pipitone J, Strother D, Hukin J, Fryer C, McConnell D, Mabbott D, Secco DE, Cappelletti S, Gentile S, Chieffo D, Cacchione A, Del Bufalo F, Staccioli S, Spagnoli A, Messina R, Carai A, Marras CE, Mastronuzzi A, Brinkman T, Armstrong G, Kimberg C, Gajjar A, Srivastava DK, Robison L, Hudson M, Krull K, Hardy K, Hostetter S, Hwang E, Walsh K, Leiss U, Bemmer A, Pletschko T, Grafeneder J, Schwarzinger A, Deimann P, Slavc I, Batchelder P, Wilkening G, Hankinson T, Foreman N, Handler M. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Johansen MP, Child DP, Davis E, Doering C, Harrison JJ, Hotchkis MAC, Payne TE, Thiruvoth S, Twining JR, Wood MD. Plutonium in wildlife and soils at the Maralinga legacy site: persistence over decadal time scales. J Environ Radioact 2014; 131:72-80. [PMID: 24238919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The mobility of plutonium (Pu) in soils, and its uptake into a range of wildlife, were examined using recent and ∼25 year old data from the Taranaki area of the former Maralinga weapons test site, Australia. Since its initial deposition in the early 1960s, the dispersed Pu has been incorporated into the soil profile and food chain through natural processes, allowing for the study of Pu sequestration and dynamics in relatively undisturbed semi-arid conditions. The data indicate downward mobility of Pu in soil at rates of ∼0.2-0.3 cm per year for the most mobile fraction. As a result, while all of the Pu was initially deposited on the ground surface, approximately 93% and 62% remained in the top 0-2 cm depth after 25- and 50-years respectively. No large-scale lateral spreading of the Taranaki plume was observed. Pu activity concentrations in 0-1 cm soils with biotic crusts were not elevated when compared with nearby bare soils, although a small number of individual data suggest retention of Pu-containing particles may be occurring in some biotic crusts. Soil-to-animal transfer, as measured by concentration ratios (CRwo-soil), was 4.1E-04 (Geometric Mean (GM)) in mammals, which aligns well with those from similar species and conditions (such as the Nevada Test Site, US), but are lower than the GM of the international mammal data reported in the Wildlife Transfer Database (WTD). These lower values are likely due to the presence of a low-soluble, particulate form of the Pu in Maralinga soils. Arthropod concentration ratios (3.1E-03 GM), were similar to those from Rocky Flats, US, while values for reptiles (2.0E-02 GM) were higher than the WTD GM value which was dominated by data from Chernobyl. Comparison of uptake data spanning approximately 30 years indicates no decrease over time for mammals, and a potential increase for reptiles. The results confirm the persistence of bioavailable Pu after more than 50 years since deposition, and also the presence of larger-sized particles which currently affect CRwo-soil calculations, and which may serve as an ongoing source of bioavailable Pu as they are subjected to weathering into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Johansen
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee, DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - D P Child
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee, DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - E Davis
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee, DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - C Doering
- Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency, Yallambie, Australia.
| | - J J Harrison
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee, DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - M A C Hotchkis
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee, DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - T E Payne
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee, DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - S Thiruvoth
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee, DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | | | - M D Wood
- University of Salford, Manchester, UK.
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Diallo A, Hughes JW, Greenwald M, Labombard B, Davis E, Baek SG, Theiler C, Snyder P, Canik J, Walk J, Golfinopoulos T, Terry J, Churchill M, Hubbard A, Porkolab M, Delgado-Aparicio L, Reinke ML, White A. Observation of edge instability limiting the pedestal growth in tokamak plasmas. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:115001. [PMID: 24702380 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.115001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
With fusion device performance hinging on the edge pedestal pressure, it is imperative to experimentally understand the physical mechanism dictating the pedestal characteristics and to validate and improve pedestal predictive models. This Letter reports direct evidence of density and magnetic fluctuations showing the stiff onset of an edge instability leading to the saturation of the pedestal on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak. Edge stability analyses indicate that the pedestal is unstable to both ballooning mode and kinetic ballooning mode in agreement with observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Diallo
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - J W Hughes
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Greenwald
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Labombard
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Davis
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S-G Baek
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Theiler
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Snyder
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - J Canik
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Walk
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Golfinopoulos
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Terry
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Churchill
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Hubbard
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Porkolab
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - M L Reinke
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A White
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Davis E, Holcomb J, Cotton B, Cardenas J, Wade C. Assessing Platelet Function in the Patient with Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.1043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Naylor L, Davis E, Kalic R, Paramalingam N, Jones T, Green D. Exercise training improves vascular health but not metabolic control in adolescents with type 2 diabetes. J Sci Med Sport 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Davis E, Lewandowski AJ, Kenworthy Y, Wilkinson AR, Mccormick K, Singhal A, Lucas A, Leeson P. Preeclampsia and offspring cardio-metabolic phenotype: insights from a 25 year prospective follow up study. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p5690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hawboldt J, Davis E, Mccarthy R. 312 Quality of life and related factors in patients with cystic fibrosis in Newfoundland and Labrador. J Cyst Fibros 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(13)60453-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Oh B, Kimble B, Costa DSJ, Davis E, McLean A, Orme K, Beith J. Acupuncture for treatment of arthralgia secondary to aromatase inhibitor therapy in women with early breast cancer: pilot study. Acupunct Med 2013; 31:264-71. [PMID: 23722951 DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2012-010309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are recommended as adjuvant hormone treatment for postmenopausal women with early breast cancer. A substantial proportion of women taking AIs experience joint pain and stiffness. Studies have suggested that acupuncture may be effective in treating joint pain. OBJECTIVE A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of using acupuncture to treat AI-induced arthralgia. METHODS A total of 32 patients were randomised to receive either sham or real electroacupuncture (EA) twice weekly for 6 weeks. Outcomes of joint pain, stiffness and physical function were measured with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), overall pain severity and interference with the BPI-SF and quality of life (QOL) with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) instrument. Hand strength was assessed by a grip test, and a serum marker of inflammation (C reactive protein (CRP)) was also measured. All assessments were performed at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks, except for blood samples at baseline and 6 weeks only. RESULTS No serious adverse events were reported during or after acupuncture treatments. There were no significant differences in outcome measures. However, positive trends were observed in stiffness and physical function at week 12 in favour of real EA. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that acupuncture is feasible and safe in patients with breast cancer with joint pain caused by AI. A larger study with adequately powered to confirm these results and detect clinically relevant effects is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Oh
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Baker AA, Davis E, Spencer JD, Moser R, Rehberger T. The effect of a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial supplemented to sows on the gastrointestinal microbiota of their neonatal piglets. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:3390-9. [PMID: 23572261 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct-fed microbials (DFM) supplemented in sow diets may confer health benefits to the host and their piglets by reducing pathogens in the sow and environment. In this study we evaluated the effect of a Bacillus-based DFM on the gastrointestinal microbiota of neonatal piglets. A total of 208 sows were divided into 2 treatments: a control diet and the control diet supplemented with a Bacillus subtilis-based DFM (3.75 × 10(5) cfu/g feed). Twenty-one piglets sampled from each sow treatment group were euthanized on d 3 of lactation followed by an additional 15 piglets per treatment on d 10 of lactation. Litters from DFM-supplemented sows had greater (P = 0.02) weaning weights and a tendency (P = 0.09) for improvement in litter ADG. Sows supplemented with the DFM weaned more pigs (P = 0.06) than control sows which was reflected in numerically lower but not statistically different (P = 0.12) decrease in piglet mortality in DFM litters. Terminal RFLP was used to characterize gastrointestinal (GI) microbial populations in the ileum and colon of the piglets. Terminal restriction fragments (T-RF) were compared between control and DFM treatments. There was a greater incidence and quantity of T-RF B423 and H330 (binary P = 0.01, 0.08; quantitative P = 0.01, 0.05, respectively), putatively identified as Lactobacillus gasseri/johnsonii, in the ileum of pigs nursing sows supplemented with DFM at d 3. Terminal restriction fragment peaks B423 and H330 were also greater (binary P = 0.01, 0.08; quantitative P = 0.01, 0.01, respectively) in the colon of pigs nursing sows supplemented with DFM at d 3. Peaks M495 and B394, putatively identified as E. coli, were greater (binary P = 0.01, 0.04; quantitative P = 0.01, 0.01, respectively) in the colon of the control pigs at d 3. At d 10, both the presence and quantity of Lactobacillus species were greater (P < 0.05) in the colon of pigs with the DFM treatment. Additionally, there was a tendency for T-RF B227 and H257 (binary P = 0.07, 0.07, respectively), putatively identified as Clostridium perfringens, to be present in the ileum of the control pigs at d 10 compared with treated pigs. Results of this study reveal that the developing gastrointestinal microbiota of a neonatal piglet can be affected by DFM supplementation to the sow.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Baker
- DuPont Nutrition and Health, Waukesha, WI 53186, USA.
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