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Boyalı O, Kabatas S, Civelek E, Ozdemir O, Bahar-Ozdemir Y, Kaplan N, Savrunlu EC, Karaöz E. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells may be a viable treatment modality in cerebral palsy. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:1585-1596. [PMID: 38576742 PMCID: PMC10989435 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i9.1585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral palsy (CP) describes a group of disorders affecting movement, balance, and posture. Disturbances in motor functions constitute the main body of CP symptoms. These symptoms surface in early childhood and patients are affected for the rest of their lives. Currently, treatment involves various pharmacotherapies for different types of CP, including antiepileptics for epilepsy and Botox A for focal spasticity. However, none of these methods can provide full symptom relief. This has prompted researchers to look for new treatment modalities, one of which is mesenchymal stem cell therapy (MSCT). Despite being a promising tool and offering a wide array of possibilities, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) still need to be investigated for their efficacy and safety. AIM To analyze the efficacy and safety of MSCT in CP patients. METHODS Our sample consists of four CP patients who cannot stand or walk without external support. All of these cases received allogeneic MSCT six times as 1 × 106/kg intrathecally, intravenously, and intramuscularly using umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSC). We monitored and assessed the patients pre- and post-treatment using the Wee Functional Independence Measure (WeeFIM), Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and Manual Ability Classification Scale (MACS) instruments. We utilized the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) to measure spasticity. RESULTS We found significant improvements in MAS scores after the intervention on both sides. Two months: Right χ2 = 4000, P = 0.046, left χ2 = 4000, P = 0.046; four months: Right χ2 = 4000, P = 0.046, left χ2 = 4000, P = 0.046; 12 months: Right χ2 = 4000, P = 0.046, left χ2 = 4000, P = 0.046. However, there was no significant difference in motor functions based on WeeFIM results (P > 0.05). GMFCS and MACS scores differed significantly at 12 months after the intervention (P = 0.046, P = 0.046). Finally, there was no significant change in cognitive functions (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION In light of our findings, we believe that UC-MSC therapy has a positive effect on spasticity, and it partially improves motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Boyalı
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34360, Turkey
| | - Serdar Kabatas
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34360, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research and Practice, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul 34360, Turkey
| | - Erdinç Civelek
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34360, Turkey
| | - Omer Ozdemir
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34360, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Bahar-Ozdemir
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Health Sciences University Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34668, Turkey
| | - Necati Kaplan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Rumeli University, Çorlu Reyap Hospital, Tekirdağ 59860, Turkey
| | - Eyüp Can Savrunlu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nevşehir State Hospital, Nevşehir 50300, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), Liv Hospital, Istanbul 34340, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul 34010, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, Istinye University, Istanbul 34340, Turkey
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Civelek E, Kabatas S, Savrunlu EC, Diren F, Kaplan N, Ofluoğlu D, Karaöz E. Effects of exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells on functional recovery of a patient with total radial nerve injury: A pilot study. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:19-32. [PMID: 38292440 PMCID: PMC10824039 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve injury can result in significant clinical complications that have uncertain prognoses. Currently, there is a lack of effective pharmacological interventions for nerve damage, despite the existence of several small compounds, peptides, hormones, and growth factors that have been suggested as potential enhancers of neuron regeneration. Despite the objective of achieving full functional restoration by surgical intervention, the persistent challenge of inadequate functional recovery remains a significant concern in the context of peripheral nerve injuries. AIM To examine the impact of exosomes on the process of functional recovery following a complete radial nerve damage. METHODS A male individual, aged 24, who is right-hand dominant and an immigrant, arrived with an injury caused by a knife assault. The cut is located on the left arm, specifically below the elbow. The neurological examination and electrodiagnostic testing reveal evidence of left radial nerve damage. The sural autograft was utilized for repair, followed by the application of 1 mL of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome, comprising 5 billion microvesicles. This exosome was split into four equal volumes of 0.25 mL each and delivered microsurgically to both the proximal and distal stumps using the subepineural pathway. The patient was subjected to a period of 180 d during which they had neurological examination and electrodiagnostic testing. RESULTS The duration of the patient's follow-up period was 180 d. An increasing Tinel's sign and sensory-motor recovery were detected even at the 10th wk following nerve grafting. Upon the conclusion of the 6-mo post-treatment period, an evaluation was conducted to measure the extent of improvement in motor and sensory functions of the nerve. This assessment was based on the British Medical Research Council scale and the Mackinnon-Dellon scale. The results indicated that the level of improvement in motor function was classified as M5, denoting an excellent outcome. Additionally, the level of improvement in sensory function was classified as S3+, indicating a good outcome. It is noteworthy that these assessments were conducted in the absence of physical therapy. At the 10th wk post-injury, despite the persistence of substantial axonal damage, the nerve exhibited indications of nerve re-innervation as evidenced by control electromyography (EMG). In contrast to the preceding. EMG analysis revealed a significant electrophysiological enhancement in the EMG conducted at the 6th-mo follow-up, indicating ongoing regeneration. CONCLUSION Enhanced comprehension of the neurobiological ramifications associated with peripheral nerve damage, as well as the experimental and therapy approaches delineated in this investigation, holds the potential to catalyze future clinical progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdinç Civelek
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Gaziosmanpaşa 34255, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Serdar Kabatas
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Gaziosmanpaşa 34255, Istanbul, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research and Practice, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa 34255, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eyüp Can Savrunlu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nevşehir State Hospital, Nevşehir 50300, Turkey
| | - Furkan Diren
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Gaziosmanpaşa 34255, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Necati Kaplan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Rumeli University, Çorlu Reyap Hospital, Çorlu 59860, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Demet Ofluoğlu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ofluoğlu Klinik, Göztepe 34728, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), Beşiktaş 34340, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Zeytinburnu 34010, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istinye University, Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, Beşiktaş 34340, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Akat A, Karaöz E. Cell Therapy Strategies on Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Systematic Review of Clinical Applications. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:138-158. [PMID: 37955832 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an inherited genetic disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of muscle tissue, leading to functional disability and premature death. Despite extensive research efforts, the discovery of a cure for DMD continues to be elusive, emphasizing the need to investigate novel treatment approaches. Cellular therapies have emerged as prospective approaches to address the underlying pathophysiology of DMD. This review provides an examination of the present situation regarding cell-based therapies, including CD133 + cells, muscle precursor cells, mesoangioblasts, bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells, mesenchymal stem cells, cardiosphere-derived cells, and dystrophin-expressing chimeric cells. A total of 12 studies were found eligible to be included as they were completed cell therapy clinical trials, clinical applications, or case reports with quantitative results. The evaluation encompassed an examination of limitations and potential advancements in this particular area of research, along with an assessment of the safety and effectiveness of cell-based therapies in the context of DMD. In general, the available data indicates that diverse cell therapy approaches may present a new, safe, and efficacious treatment modality for patients diagnosed with DMD. However, further studies are required to comprehensively understand the most advantageous treatment approach and therapeutic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayberk Akat
- Life Park Hospital, Cellular and Biological Products Manufacturing Center, Ragıp Kenan Sok. No:8, Ortakoy, 99010, Nicosia (Lefkosa), Cyprus.
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital Ulus, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Center, Istanbul, Turkey
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Eraslan M, Çerman E, Bozkurt S, Genç D, Virlan AT, Demir CS, Akkoç T, Karaöz E, Akkoç T. Mesenchymal stem cells differentiate to retinal ganglion-like cells in rat glaucoma model induced by polystyrene microspheres. Tissue Cell 2023; 84:102199. [PMID: 37633122 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to evaluate the differentiation ability of intravitreally injected rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBM-MSCs) to retinal ganglion-like cells in a polystyrene microsphere induced rat glaucoma model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The glaucoma rat model was generated via intracameral injection of 7 microliter polystyrene microspheres. Green fluorescence protein-labeled (GFP) rBM-MSCs were transplanted intravitreally at or after induction of ocular hypertension (OHT), depending on the groups. By the end of the fourth week, flat-mount retinal dissection was performed, and labeled against Brn3a, CD90, GFAP, CD11b, Vimentin, and localization of GFP positive rBM-MSCs was used for evaluation through immunofluorescence staining and to count differentiated retinal cells by flow cytometry. From 34 male Wistar albino rats, 56 eyes were investigated. RESULTS Flow cytometry revealed significantly increased CD90 and Brn3a positive cells in glaucoma induced and with rBM-MSC injected groups compared to control(P = 0.006 and P = 0.003 respectively), sham-operated (P = 0.007 and P < 0.001 respectively), and only rBM-MSCs injected groups (P = 0.002 and P = 0.009 respectively). Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed differentiation of GFP labeled stem cells to various retinal cells, including ganglion-like cells. rBM-MSCs were observable in ganglion cells, inner and outer nuclear retinal layers in rBM-MSCs injected eyes. CONCLUSION Intravitreally transplanted rBM-MSCs differentiated into retinal cells, including ganglion-like cells, which successfully created a glaucoma model damaged with polystyrene microspheres. Promisingly, MSCs may have a role in neuro-protection and neuro-regeneration treatment of glaucoma in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhsin Eraslan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Eren Çerman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Süheyla Bozkurt
- Department of Pathology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Genç
- Department of Pediatric Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Aysın Tulunay Virlan
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Cansu Subaşı Demir
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tolga Akkoç
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Tubitak Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research & Practice, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunç Akkoç
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Immunology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; Marstem Cell Technologies, Marmara University Technopark, İstanbul, Turkey
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Zarepour A, Bal Öztürk A, Koyuncu Irmak D, Yaşayan G, Gökmen A, Karaöz E, Zarepour A, Zarrabi A, Mostafavi E. Combination Therapy Using Nanomaterials and Stem Cells to Treat Spinal Cord Injuries. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 177:224-240. [PMID: 35850168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a part of the central nervous system, the spinal cord (SC) provides most of the communications between the brain and other parts of the body. Any damage to SC interrupts this communication, leading to serious problems, which may remain for the rest of their life. Due to its significant impact on patients' quality of life and its exorbitant medical costs, SC injury (SCI) is known as one of the most challengeable diseases in the world. Thus, it is critical to introduce highly translatable therapeutic platforms for SCI treatment. So far, different strategies have been introduced, among which utilizing various types of stem cells is one of the most interesting ones. The capability of stem cells to differentiate into several types of cell lines makes them promising candidates for the regeneration of injured tissues. One of the other interesting and novel strategies for SCI treatment is the application of nanomaterials, which could appear as a carrier for therapeutic agents or as a platform for culturing the cells. Combining these two approaches, stem cells and nanomaterials, could provide promising therapeutic strategies for SCI management. Accordingly, in this review we have summarized some of the recent advancements in which the applications of different types of stem cells and nanomaterials, alone and in combination forms, were evaluated for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Zarepour
- Radiology Department, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ayça Bal Öztürk
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Health Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Zeytinburnu, Turkey
| | | | - Gökçen Yaşayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aylin Gökmen
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Besiktas, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Manufacturing (LivMedCell), İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Turkey.
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Karakol P, Kapi E, Karaöz E, Tunik S, Bozkurt M. Comparison of the Effects of Intratubal Injection of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Transection: An Experimental Study. Ann Plast Surg 2022; 88:460-466. [PMID: 34711729 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of epineural tubulization (ENT) with or without intratubal application of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in the rat model of sciatic nerve transection. After formation of 1-cm defect in the left sciatic nerve and ENT, 32 adults female Wistar albino rats were separated into 4 groups (n = 8 for each) including ENT per se (group 1; ENT group) and ENT plus intratubal ASC injection groups killed on day 21 (group 2; ENT-ASC-21-day group), 60 days (group 3; ENT-ASC-60-day group), and 120 days (group 4; ENT-ASC-120-day group). Functional (sciatic function index, hip circumference, withdrawal reflex latency, muscle weight ratio), electrophysiological, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed in each group. Sciatic function index was significantly higher (-51.98 ± 5.94, P < 0.01) and withdrawal reflex latency was shorter (-6.21 ± 2.14, P < 0.01), in the group 4 as compared with all other groups on day 21. Amplitude of contraction was significantly lower in the group 4 as compared with all other groups (0.22 ± 0.05 vs 0.34 ± 0.07, 0.50 ± 0.11, and 0.61 ± 0.16, P < 0.01 for each). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed presence of green fluorescent protein, vimentin-stained cells, and single neural progenitor cells indicating that induction of neuronal differentiation by ASCs and direct involvement of ASCs within the axonal structure alongside extension of ASCs to the muscular layer of the group 4. In conclusion, our findings revealed that use of ENT plus intratubal ASC injection in a rat sciatic nerve transection model was associated with satisfactory functional outcome and improved peripheral axonal regeneration along with stem cell neural differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perçin Karakol
- From the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Bagcilar Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul
| | - Emin Kapi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Health Application and Research Center, University of Health Sciences, Adana Faculty of Medicine, Adana
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Diyarbakir
| | - Selçuk Tunik
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bozkurt
- From the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Bagcilar Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul
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Sari AS, Demirçay E, Öztürk A, Terzi A, Karaöz E. The promising effects of BMP2 transfected mesenchymal stem cells on human osteosarcoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 45:301-313. [PMID: 34377054 PMCID: PMC8313938 DOI: 10.3906/biy-2101-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Selective targeting of transfected mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) carrying specific antioncogenes to the tumor was suggested as a treatment option. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) was shown to inhibit the proliferation and aggressiveness of osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Here, we aimed to assess the homing efficiency of intraperitoneally administered hMSCs transfected with
BMP2
to the tumoral site and their effects on OS using an orthotopic xenograft murine model. Orthotopic xenograft murine model of OS in six-week-old female NOD/SCID mice using 143B cells was established. hMSCs transfected with
BMP2
(BMP2+hMSC) were used. In vivo experiments performed on four groups of mice that received no treatment, or intraperitoneally administered BMP2, hMSCs, and BMP2+hMSCs. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were used to evaluate the pathological identification and to assess the dimensions and necrotic foci of the tumor, the features of lung metastases, and immunostaining against p27, Ki-67, and caspase-3 antibodies. The osteogenic differentiation markers BMP2, BMP4, COL1A1, OPN, OCN and PF4 evaluated using RT-PCR. The tumor dimensions in the hMSCs group were significantly higher than those of the remaining groups (p < 0.01). The number of metastatic foci in the BMP2+hMSCs group was significantly lower than those of the other groups (p < 0.01). The current results showed that the intraperitoneal route could be efficiently used for targeting hMSCs to the tumoral tissues for effective BMP2 delivery. In this study, the effects of BMP2 transfected hMSCs on human OS and metastasis were promising for achieving osteogenic differentiation and reduced metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Sinan Sari
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent University, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara Turkey
| | - Emre Demirçay
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent University, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul Turkey
| | - Ahmet Öztürk
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research and Application Center, Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Ayşen Terzi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent University, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research and Application Center, Kocaeli Turkey.,Istinye University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, İstanbul Turkey.,Istinye University, Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, İstanbul Turkey.,Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Manufacturing (LivMedCell), İstanbul Turkey
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Aydoğdu N, Öztel ON, Karaöz E. Isolation, Culture, Cryopreservation, and Preparation of Skin-Derived Fibroblasts as a Final Cellular Product Under Good Manufacturing Practice-Compliant Conditions. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2286:85-94. [PMID: 33349903 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2020_333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies have become a popular approach in the field of regenerative medicine. Human fibroblast cells, one of the cell types widely used in clinical applications, have been used for skin regeneration and wound healing procedures. Furthermore, they are utilized for aesthetic purposes since fibroblasts lose their abilities such as collagen synthesis with age. Here, we describe detailed procedures for isolation, culture, cryopreservation, and preparation of fibroblasts derived from adult human skin as a final product under good manufacturing practice-compliant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurullah Aydoğdu
- Liv Hospital, Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Olga Nehir Öztel
- Liv Hospital, Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Istinye University, Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research & Practice, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Kabatas S, Civelek E, Savrunlu EC, Kaplan N, Boyalı O, Diren F, Can H, Genç A, Akkoç T, Karaöz E. Feasibility of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells in pediatric hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: Phase I study. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:470-484. [PMID: 34136076 PMCID: PMC8176840 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i5.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the leading causes of death and long-term neurological impairment in the pediatric population. Despite a limited number of treatments to cure HIE, stem cell therapies appear to be a potential treatment option for brain injury resulting from HIE.
AIM To investigate the efficacy and safety of stem cell-based therapies in pediatric patients with HIE.
METHODS The study inclusion criteria were determined as the presence of substantial deficit and disability caused by HIE. Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) were intrathecally (IT), intramuscularly (IM), and intravenously administered to participants at a dose of 1 × 106/kg for each administration route twice monthly for 2 mo. In different follow-up durations, the effect of WJ-MSCs administration on HIE, the quality of life, prognosis of patients, and side effects were investigated, and patients were evaluated for neurological, cognitive functions, and spasticity using the Wee Functional Independence Measure (Wee FIM) Scale and Modified Ashworth (MA) Scale.
RESULTS For all participants (n = 6), the mean duration of exposure to hypoxia was 39.17 + 18.82 min, the mean time interval after HIE was 21.83 ± 26.60 mo, the mean baseline Wee FIM scale score was 13.5 ± 0.55, and the mean baseline MA scale score was 35 ± 9.08. Three patients developed only early complications such as low-grade fever, mild headache associated with IT injection, and muscle pain associated with IM injection, all of which were transient and disappeared within 24 h. The treatment was evaluated to be safe and effective as demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging examinations, electroencephalographies, laboratory tests, and neurological and functional scores of patients. Patients exhibited significant improvements in all neurological functions through a 12-mo follow-up. The mean Wee FIM scale score of participants increased from 13.5 ± 0.55 to 15.17 ± 1.6 points (mean ± SD) at 1 mo (z = - 1.826, P = 0.068) and to 23.5 ± 3.39 points at 12 mo (z = -2.207, P = 0.027) post-treatment. The percentage of patients who achieved an excellent functional improvement (Wee FIM scale total score = 126) increased from 10.71% (at baseline) to 12.03% at 1 mo and to 18.65% at 12 mo post-treatment.
CONCLUSION Both the triple-route and multiple WJ-MSC implantations were safe and effective in pediatric patients with HIE with significant neurological and functional improvements. The results of this study support conducting further randomized, placebo-controlled studies on this treatment in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Kabatas
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Turkey
- Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Marmara University, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research and Practice, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34255, Turkey
| | - Erdinç Civelek
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Turkey
- Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Marmara University, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Eyüp Can Savrunlu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Turkey
| | - Necati Kaplan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Rumeli University, Çorlu Reyap Hospital, Tekirdağ 59860, Turkey
| | - Osman Boyalı
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Turkey
| | - Furkan Diren
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34255, Turkey
| | - Halil Can
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Biruni University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Medicine Hospital, Istanbul 34203, Turkey
| | - Ali Genç
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Asya Hospital, Istanbul 34250, Turkey
| | - Tunç Akkoç
- Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Marmara University, Istanbul 34899, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), Liv Hospital, Istanbul 34340, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, Istinye University, Istanbul 34340, Turkey
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10
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Yılmaz Başaran İ, Karaöz E. Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Patients with Multiple Myeloma. Turk J Haematol 2021; 38:254-263. [PMID: 33757979 PMCID: PMC8656131 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2021.2020.0682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have potential in human disease modeling and regenerative medicine. The in vitro phenotype of disease-specific iPSC-derived cells can be used to bridge the knowledge gap between clinical phenotype and molecular or cellular pathophysiology and to understand the pathology of diseases, along with further applications, such as creating new strategies for drug screening or developing novel therapeutic agents. The aim of our study was to generate iPSCs from multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Materials and Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from MM patients were induced for pluripotency via the Sendai virus. Fibroblasts were used as a control. Microscopic analysis was performed daily. For colony selection, live staining was done using alkaline phosphatase staining. Reprogramming experiments were confirmed by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence (IF) staining, and gene expression analyses. To confirm the spontaneous differentiation potential, an in vitro embryonic body (EB) formation assay was performed. Results: Fibroblasts and MSCs obtained from MM patients were reprogrammed using the Sendai virus, which contains reprogramming vectors with the four Yamanaka factors, Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. Microscopic analysis revealed that the generated iPSCs possessed classical embryonic stem cell-like morphological characteristics. Reprogramming experiments further showed that both cell lines can be reprogrammed up to the pluripotent stage, which was confirmed by flow cytometry, IF staining, and gene expression analyses. Spontaneous differentiation potential was confirmed by in vitro EB formation assays. Conclusion: iPSCs have been successfully obtained from MM patients for the first time. These cells could clarify the molecular mechanisms behind this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrem Yılmaz Başaran
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production Application and Research Center, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- İstinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, İstanbul, Turkey.,İstinye University, Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, İstanbul, Turkey.,İstinye University, 3D Bioprinting Design and Prototyping R&D Center, İstanbul/Turkey.,Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Manufacturing (LivMedCell), İstanbul, Turkey
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11
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Azeri R, Irmak DK, Sun E, Karaöz E. Safety and Efficacy of The Stem Cell Transplantation in Friedreich’s Ataxia: A Report of Three Cases. International Journal of Physiotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.15621/ijphy/2021/v8i1/903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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12
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Özgül Özdemir RB, Özdemir AT, Kırmaz C, Eker Sarıboyacı A, Karaöz E, Erman G, Vatansever HS, Mete Gökmen N. Age-related changes in the immunomodulatory effects of human dental pulp derived mesenchymal stem cells on the CD4 + T cell subsets. Cytokine 2020; 138:155367. [PMID: 33223447 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are powerful immunomodulatory cells. The effects of the aging on these abilities of MSCs have not been adequately clarified. In this study, alterations in immunomodulatory abilities of MSCs caused by aging were investigated. For this, dental pulp (DP) MSCs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of elderly and young donors were co-cultured age-matched and cross. We detected that the effects of DP-MSCs on Th1 and Th2 cells and their specific cytokines IFN-γ and IL-4 are not affected by aging. However, we observed that young and elderly DP-MSCs have different effects on Th17 and Treg cells. Th17 frequencies of young and elderly PBMCs were significantly increased only by young DP-MSCs, in contrast, Treg frequencies were significantly increased by elderly DP-MSCs. IL-6, IL-17a and HGF levels of both young and elderly PBMCs showed a significant increase only by young DP-MSCs, but TGF-β levels were significantly increased only by elderly DP-MSCs. The oral cavity is home to a rich microflora. The interactions of dental tissues with this microflora can lead them to acquire different epigenetic modifications. Aging can affect the microflora composition of the oral cavity and change this process in different directions. According to our findings, DP-MSCs are effective cells in the regulation of CD4+ T cells, and their effects on Th1 and Th2 cells were not affected by aging. However, pleiotropic molecules IL-6 and HGF expressions, which are important in dental and bone tissue regeneration, decreased significantly in elderly DP-MSCs. This situation may have indirectly made a difference in the modulation effects of young and elderly DP-MSCs on the Th17 and Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alper Tunga Özdemir
- Merkezefendi State Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Manisa, Turkey.
| | - Cengiz Kırmaz
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Ayla Eker Sarıboyacı
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production Application and Research Center, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Istanbul, Turkey; Istinye University, Medical School, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülay Erman
- Sakarya University, Medical School, Department of Medical Biology, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - H Seda Vatansever
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, Medical School, Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa, Turkey; Near East University, Experimental Health Science Research Center, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Nihal Mete Gökmen
- Ege University, Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, Izmir, Turkey
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13
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Abstract
The COVID-19 patients were first detected in China, in December 2019, then the novel virus with associated pneumonia and other diseases spread quickly to worldwide becoming a serious public health intimidation. Despite all the efforts, the pharmacological agents used for controlling or treating the disease, especially respiratory problems, have not been accomplished so far. Among various treatment options, mesenchymal stem cell-based cellular therapies are being investigated, because of their regeneration ability and multipotency along with other features like immunomodulation, antifibrosis and anti-inflammatory effects. This paper intends to analyze the current clinical trials on stem cell treatment of novel virus, searching and reviewing the available information and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) of World Health Organization (WHO). We concluded that the stem cell treatment of COVID-19 is found promising with pilot studies' results, but still in the early development phase. There is an urgent need for large-scale investigations to confirm and validate the safety and efficacy profile of these therapies with reliable scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Koyuncu Irmak
- Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology & Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istinye University, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering R&D Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Darıcı
- Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology & Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istinye University, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering R&D Center, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istinye University, 3D Bioprinting Design & Prototyping R&D Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology & Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istinye University, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering R&D Center, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istinye University, 3D Bioprinting Design & Prototyping R&D Center, Istanbul, Turkey
- Liv Hospital, Stem Cell and Regenerative Therapies Center (LivMedCell), Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Gültekin A, Ağirdil Y, Öncel Duman B, Subaşi C, Karaöz E. Comparison of mesenchymal stem cell sheets and chondrocyte sheets in a rabbit growth plate injury model. Turk J Med Sci 2020; 50:1082-1096. [PMID: 32283887 PMCID: PMC7379443 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1902-228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim The treatment of posttraumatic deformities and differences in length between the extremities resulting from physeal injury remains controversial. The aims of this study were to compare the efficacy of tissue-engineered, monolayer, and allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell sheets and chondrocyte sheets for physeal arrest treatment and to investigate cell sheet technology as a novel method for cell transplantation in physeal cartilage repair. Materials and methods A proximal tibial physeal injury was induced in New Zealand rabbits. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and chondrocytes were cultured in temperature-responsive culture dishes and applied to the iatrogenic partial growth plate defects in single-sheet grafts (cell sheets). Treatment efficacy was determined using radiological measurements, as well as histological and immunohistochemical staining. Results Treatment with MSCs and chondrocytes prevented endochondral ossification in the physeal plate, and bone growth resumed after treatment in both the MSC and chondrocyte cell groups. We found significant differences in radiological evaluations between pre- and posttreatment measurements in both MSC and chondrocyte groups. Transplanted cells were observed in the damaged area in both of the groups, which differentiated in the direction of growth plate cartilage. Conclusion Our results support the hypothesis that MSC or chondrocyte transplantation using the cell-sheet technique described in the present study aids in the regeneration of cartilage tissue during physeal arrest after growth plate damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Gültekin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yücel Ağirdil
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, İzzet Baysal State Hospital, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Büşra Öncel Duman
- Stem Cell Department, Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Cansu Subaşi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing,Liv Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing,Liv Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey,Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey
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15
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Kadiroğlu ET, Akbalık ME, Karaöz E, Kanay BE, Dağ A, Ketani MA, Eroğlu EG, Uysal E, Tuncer MC. Calvarial bone defects in ovariectomised rats treated with mesenchymal stem cells and demineralised freeze-dried bone allografts. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 79:720-735. [PMID: 31930468 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2020.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to investigate the ability of a combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) with and without demineralised freeze-dried bone allografts (DFDBAs) to induce bone regeneration in calvarial defects in ovariectomised rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Critical size defects were filled with a combination of DFDBAs and BM-MSCs or BM-MSCs alone. Eight weeks after calvarial surgery, the rats were sacrificed. The samples were analysed histologically and immunohistochemically. RESULTS No difference was observed in vascularisation between groups C1 (animals with cranial defect only, control group) and O1 (animals with cranial defect only, ovariectomy group). Intramembranous ossification was observed at a limited level in groups C2 (animals with cranial defect with MSCs, control group) and O2 (animals with cranial defect with MSCs, ovariectomy group) compared to C1 and O1. In group C3 (animals with DFDBAs with MSCs, control group), the fibrous structures of the matrix became compact as a result of a bone graft having been placed in the cavity, but in group O3 (animals with DFDBAs with MSCs, ovariectomy group), the fibrous tissue was poorly distributed between the bone grafts for the most parts. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the insertion of BM-MSCs enhances bone healing; however, the DFDBA/BM-MSC combination has little effect on overcoming impaired bone formation in ovariectomised rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- E T Kadiroğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280 Turkey
| | - M E Akbalık
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280, Turkey
| | - E Karaöz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of İstinye, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey
| | - B E Kanay
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - A Dağ
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280 Turkey
| | - M A Ketani
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280, Turkey
| | - E G Eroğlu
- Oral and Dental Health Center, Van, Turkey
| | - E Uysal
- Diyarbakır Vocational School of Technical Science, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280, Turkey
| | - M C Tuncer
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
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16
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Bozkurt C, Karaöz E, Adaklı Aksoy B, Aydoğdu S, Fışgın T. The Use of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Childhood Steroid-Resistant Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease: A Retrospective Study of a Single-Center Experience. Turk J Haematol 2019; 36:186-192. [PMID: 31208159 PMCID: PMC6682770 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2019.2019.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Steroid-resistant acute graft-versus-host disease (srAGVHD) is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. There are several treatment methods available, including mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) application. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of MSC therapy performed in children with srAGVHD. Materials and Methods: MSC therapy was used in our center between November 2014 and December 2017 for 22 patients who developed srAGVHD. The patients were retrospectively evaluated in terms of treatment response and survival. Results: After application of MSCs, complete response was obtained in 45.5% of the subjects, partial response was obtained in 13.6%, and no response was obtained in 40.9%. We found that 45.5% of the patients were alive and 54.5% had died and our treatment results were similar to those in the literature. Response to MSC treatment was found to be the only prognostic marker affecting mortality. Conclusion: MSC application is a treatment method that can be used safely together with other treatment methods in srAGVHD, a condition that has a high mortality rate. There are almost no acute side effects. There are also no serious long-term side effects in the literature. Prospective randomized studies are required to obtain high-quality data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyhun Bozkurt
- İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, İstanbul, Turkey,Altınbaş University Faculty of Medicine, Bahçelievler Medical Park Hospital Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology-Embryology, İstanbul, Turkey,İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Application Center, İstanbul, Turkey,Liv Hospital, Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Production Center, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Başak Adaklı Aksoy
- İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, İstanbul, Turkey,Altınbaş University Faculty of Medicine, Bahçelievler Medical Park Hospital Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Selime Aydoğdu
- Altınbaş University Faculty of Medicine, Bahçelievler Medical Park Hospital Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunç Fışgın
- Altınbaş University Faculty of Medicine, Bahçelievler Medical Park Hospital Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, İstanbul, Turkey
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17
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Abstract
Objective: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capacity for extensive expansion and adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic, and neural differentiation in vitro. The aim of our study was to determine stemness, differentiation potential, telomerase activity, and ultrastructural characteristics of long-term cultured rat bone marrow (rBM)-MSCs. Materials and Methods: rBM-MSCs from passages 3, 50, and 100 (P3, P50, and P100) were evaluated through immunocytochemistry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, telomerase activity assays, and electron microscopy. Results: A dramatic reduction in the levels of myogenic markers actin and myogenin was detected in P100. Osteogenic markers Coll1, osteonectin (Sparc), and osteocalcin as well as neural marker c-Fos and chondrogenic marker Coll2 were significantly reduced in P100 compared to P3 and P50. Osteogenic marker bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP2) and adipogenic marker peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ) expression was reduced in late passages. The expression of stemness factor Rex-1 was lower in P100, whereas Oct4 expression was decreased in P50 compared to P3 and P100. Increased telomerase activity was observed in long-term cultured cells, signifying tumorigenic risk. Electron microscopic evaluations revealed ultrastructural changes such as smaller number of organelles and increased amount of autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm in long-term cultured rBM-MSCs. Conclusion: This study suggests that long-term culture of rBM-MSCs leads to changes in differentiation potential and increased tumorigenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Karaöz
- İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, İstanbul, Turkey,İstinye University Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, İstanbul, Turkey,Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing (LivMedCell), İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Tepeköy
- İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, İstanbul, Turkey,Altınbaş University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, İstanbul, Turkey
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18
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Dai A, Baspinar O, Yeşilyurt A, Sun E, Aydemir Çİ, Öztel ON, Capkan DU, Pinarli F, Agar A, Karaöz E. Efficacy of stem cell therapy in ambulatory and nonambulatory children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy - Phase I-II. Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis 2018; 8:63-77. [PMID: 30498389 PMCID: PMC6207384 DOI: 10.2147/dnnd.s170087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive pediatric disorder that ultimately leads to progressive muscle degeneration. It has been known that cell-based therapies were used to promote muscle regeneration. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of allogeneic Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells therapy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Patients and methods Four ambulatory and five nonambulatory male patients were assessed as having acceptance criteria. Gene expression and immunohistochemical analysis were performed for dystrophin gene expression. The fluorescent in situ hybridization method was used for detection of chimerism and donor–recipient compatibility. Complement dependent lymphocytotoxic crossmatch test and detection of panel reactive antigen were performed. All patients were treated with 2 × 106 cells/kg dose of allogeneic Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells via intra-arterial and intramuscular administration. Stability was maintained in patient follow-up tests, which are respiratory capacity tests, cardiac measurements, and muscle strength tests. Results The vastus intermedius muscle was observed in one patient with MRI. Chimerism was detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization and mean gene expression was increased to 3.3-fold. An increase in muscle strength measurements and pulmonary function tests was detected. Additionally, we observed two of nine patients with positive panel reactive antigen result. Conclusion All our procedures are well tolerated, and we have not seen any application-related complications so far. Our main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell therapy and determine its suitability and safety as a form of treatment in this untreatable disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Dai
- Gaziantep University Medical Faculty, Pediatric Neurology Department, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Osman Baspinar
- Gaziantep University Medical Faculty, Pediatric Cardiology Department, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yeşilyurt
- Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Research and Education Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Center for Genetic Diagnosis, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eda Sun
- İstinye University, Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, İstanbul, Turkey,
| | - Çiğdem İnci Aydemir
- Liv Hospital - Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing, İstanbul, Turkey,
| | - Olga Nehir Öztel
- Liv Hospital - Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing, İstanbul, Turkey,
| | | | - Ferda Pinarli
- Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Research and Education Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Center for Genetic Diagnosis, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Agar
- University of Travnik, Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- İstinye University, Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, İstanbul, Turkey, .,Liv Hospital - Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing, İstanbul, Turkey, .,İstinye University, Medical Faculty, Histology and Embryology Department, İstanbul, Turkey,
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Kabataş S, Civelek E, İnci Ç, Yalçınkaya EY, Günel G, Kır G, Albayrak E, Öztürk E, Adaş G, Karaöz E. Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in a Patient with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Pilot Study. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:1425-1433. [PMID: 30203688 PMCID: PMC6180731 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718786692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) have been introduced as a possible therapy in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). We report a 16-year-old boy who was treated with WJ-MSCs in the course of HIE due to post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation. He received a long period of mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy with spastic quadriparesis. He underwent the intrathecal (1×106/kg in 3 mL), intramuscular (1×106/kg in 20 mL) and intravenous (1×106/kg in 30 mL) administrations of WJ-MSCs for each application route (twice a month for 2 months). After stem cell infusions, progressive improvements were shown in his neurological examination, neuroradiological, and neurophysiological findings. To our best knowledge, this is a pioneer project to clinically study the neural repair effect of WJ-MSCs in a patient with HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Kabataş
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gaziosmanpaşa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
- Serdar Kabataş, University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Karayolları Mahallesi, Osmanbey Caddesi 616. Sokak No:10, 34255 Gaziosmanpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey. Emails: ,
| | - Erdinç Civelek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gaziosmanpaşa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem İnci
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yılmaz Yalçınkaya
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gaziosmanpaşa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülşen Günel
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülay Kır
- Department of Anestesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Albayrak
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erek Öztürk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gaziosmanpaşa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Adaş
- Department of General Surgery, Gaziosmanpaşa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), Istanbul, Turkey
- Istinye University, Vice President, Istanbul, Turkey
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20
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Okur SÇ, Erdoğan S, Demir CS, Günel G, Karaöz E. The Effect of Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in a Patient with Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report. Int J Stem Cells 2018; 11:141-147. [PMID: 29699386 PMCID: PMC5984068 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc17077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral Palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability reason of childhood that occurs secondarily to non-progressive damage in the brain whose development is still ongoing. Methods 6-year-old dystonic-spastic male CP patient received allogenic mesenchymal stem cells treatment four times as 1×10⁶/kg in intrathecal and intravenous administration of Umbilical Cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) ways. Before and after the treatment, the patient was followed-up with FIM (Functional Independent Measurement), GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System 88), Tardieu Scale, TCMS (Trunk Control Measurement Scale), MACS (Manual Ability Classification Scale), CFSS (Communication Function Classification System) for 18 months and received intensive rehabilitation. Results Improvements were observed especially in functional scales except for the Tardieu Scale, and no adverse effects were detected aside from a slight pain in the back. Conclusion Wider future case studies on UC-MSCs will enable us to assess the efficacy of UC-MSCs which have positive impacts especially on functional scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Çağlar Okur
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehab, Health Science University, Bakirköy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinan Erdoğan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, İstinye University, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cansu Subaşı Demir
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülşen Günel
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, İstinye University, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.,Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Manufacturing (LivMedCell), Liv Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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Açiksari A, Duruksu G, Karaöz E. Improved insulin-secreting properties of pancreatic islet mesenchymal stem cells by constitutive expression of Pax4 and MafA. Turk J Biol 2017; 41:979-991. [PMID: 30814862 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1707-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For long-term treatment of diabetes type 1, transplantation of insulin-producing beta cells may be a promising method, but the limited number of islets for transplantation requires the development of different approaches. In this study, we aimed to generate betalike insulin-producing cells. For this purpose, MafA, Pax4, and Ngn3 genes were transferred into pancreatic islet-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and the effect of their ectopic expressions on differentiation efficiency was examined. Stemness properties of pancreatic islet stem cells were characterized. The 3 genes were transfected by electroporation and expressed constitutively. The transfected cells were further stimulated to differentiate by using chemical induction. Pax4 expression had significant effects on differentiation into insulin-producing cells. Although it caused morphological alterations in cells, similar to epithelial cells, the insulin secretion levels remained lower than those of the cell line cotransfected with MafA and Pax4. Cotransfection of the 3 transcription factors did not further improve the beta-like cell generation. MafA and Pax4 ectopic expression resulted in improved differentiation efficiency into insulin-secreting cells. However, support of this differentiation process using additional chemical induction may sufice to overcome control by endogenous regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Açiksari
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University , İzmit, Kocaeli , Turkey.,Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University , İzmit, Kocaeli , Turkey
| | - Gökhan Duruksu
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University , İzmit, Kocaeli , Turkey.,Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University , İzmit, Kocaeli , Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing , İstanbul , Turkey
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Inan M, Bakar E, Cerkezkayabekir A, Sanal F, Ulucam E, Subaşı C, Karaöz E. Mesenchymal stem cells increase antioxidant capacity in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion damage. J Pediatr Surg 2017; 52:1196-1206. [PMID: 28118930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2016.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may have beneficial effects in reversing intestinal damage resulting from circulatory disorders. The hypothesis of this study is that MSCs increase antioxidant capacity of small bowel tissue following intestinal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) damage. METHODS A total of 100 rats were used for the control group and three experimental groups, as follows: the sham control, local MSC, and systemic MSC groups. Each group consisted of 10 animals on days 1, 4, and 7 of the experiment. Ischemia was established by clamping the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 45min; following this, reperfusion was carried out for 1, 4, and 7days in all groups. In the local and systemic groups, MSCs were administered intravenously and locally just after the ischemia, and they were investigated after 1, 4, and 7days. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and total protein levels, were measured. Histopathological analysis was performed using light and electron microscopy. The indicators of proliferation from the effects of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS MDA was increased (P<0.05) in the sham control group and decreased (P<0.05) in the MSC groups. SOD, CAT, and Gpx were decreased in the local MSC group (P<0.05). The highest level of amelioration was observed on day 7 in the local MSC group via light and electron microscopy. It was found that the MSCs arrived at the damaged intestinal wall in the MSC groups immediately after injection. Pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL1β), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), IL6, MIP2, and MPO decreased (P<0.05), while anti-inflammatory cytokines EP3 and IL1ra increased (p<0.05) in the local and systemic MSC groups. In addition, proliferation indicators, such as PCNA and KI67, increased (P<0.05) in the local and systemic MSC groups. CONCLUSIONS Parallel to our hypothesis, MSC increases the antioxidant capacity of small bowel tissue after intestinal I/R damage. The MSCs migrated to the reperfused small intestine by homing and reduced oxidative stress via the effects of SOD, CAT, and Gpx, as well as reducing the MDA level; thus, they could increase antioxidant capacity of intestine and have a therapeutic effect on the damaged tissue. We think that this effect was achieved via scavenging of oxygen radicals, suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increasing the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Inan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey.
| | - E Bakar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Trakya University Faculty of Pharmacy, Edirne, Turkey
| | - A Cerkezkayabekir
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Trakya University Faculty of Science, Edirne, Turkey
| | - F Sanal
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Trakya University Faculty of Science, Edirne, Turkey
| | - E Ulucam
- Department of Anatomy, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - C Subaşı
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - E Karaöz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Çerman E, Akkoç T, Eraslan M, Şahin Ö, Özkara S, Vardar Aker F, Subaşı C, Karaöz E, Akkoç T. Correction: Retinal Electrophysiological Effects of Intravitreal Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165219. [PMID: 27755590 PMCID: PMC5068793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Karaöz E, Çetinalp Demircan P, Erman G, Güngörürler E, Eker Sarıboyacı A. Comparative Analyses of Immunosuppressive Characteristics of Bone-Marrow, Wharton's Jelly, and Adipose Tissue-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Turk J Haematol 2016; 34:213-225. [PMID: 27610554 PMCID: PMC5544040 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.2016.0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which possess immunosuppressive characteristics on induced T-cells, were shown to be applicable in prevention and treatment of graft-versus-host disease. However, knowledge of effective cell sources is still limited. In this study, MSCs from different human tissues, i.e. bone marrow (BM), Wharton’s jelly (WJ), and adipose tissue, were isolated, and the immune suppression of stimulated T cells was analyzed comparatively. Materials and Methods: MSCs were co-cultured with phytohemagglutinin-induced T-cells with co-culture techniques with and without cell-to-cell contact. After co-culture for 24 and 96 h, the proliferation rate of T cells was estimated by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester and apoptosis by annexin V/PI methods. Both T cells and MSCs were analyzed with respect to gene expressions by real-time polymerase chain reaction and their specific protein levels by ELISA. Results: The results showed that all three MSC lines significantly suppressed T-cell proliferation; BM-MSCs were most effective. Similarly, T-cell apoptosis was induced most strongly by BM-MSCs in indirect culture. In T cells, the genes in NFkB and tumor necrosis factor pathways were silenced and the caspase pathway was induced after co-culture. These results were confirmed with the measurement of protein levels, like transforming growth factor β1, IL-6, interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Additionally, IL-17A was detected in high levels in WJ-MSC co-cultures. We showed that IL-17A-producing Tregs are the key mediators in the treatment of graft-versus-host disease. Conclusion: BM-MSCs, which have been used in clinical applications for a while, showed the greatest immunosuppressive effect compared to other MSCs. However, a promising cell source could also be WJ, which is also effective in suppression with fewer ethical concerns. We described the molecular mechanism of WJ-MSCs in allogenic transplants for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing, İstanbul, Turkey
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25
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Demirayak B, Yüksel N, Çelik OS, Subaşı C, Duruksu G, Unal ZS, Yıldız DK, Karaöz E. Effect of bone marrow and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the natural course of corneal scarring after penetrating injury. Exp Eye Res 2016; 151:227-35. [PMID: 27567556 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigate and compare the efficacy of bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) in corneal wound healing. A penetrating injury was created in the right corneas of Wistar rats (n = 40). Ten microliters of phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) containing 2 × 10(5) green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled bone-marrow-derived MSCs to group 1 (n = 15), 10 μl of PBS containing 2 × 10(5) GFP-labeled adipose-tissue-derived MSCs to group 2 (n = 15), 10 μl PBS was injected into anterior chamber in group 3 (n = 10, control). Corneal opacity scoring, in vivo confocal microscopy, and histopathological evaluation were done at the end of 8 weeks. Immunofluorescence sections were evaluated to detect transplanted cells. Immune staining was performed to measure the expression levels of keratocan, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and CD34. The gene expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), the interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R), interleukin 12b (IL-12b), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1) was measured on corneas. The establishment of stem cells in the corneas of the transplanted groups was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. The expression of keratocan, ALDH, and CD34 increased in the transplanted groups (p < 0.05). The density of keratocytes increased significantly in both transplanted groups according to the in vivo confocal microscopy data (p < 0.05). The expression of TNF-α, IL-6R, and IL-12b decreased significantly in the transplanted groups (p < 0.05). Based on our findings, we consider that allogeneic stem cells facilitate the regeneration of corneal stroma and can be a cell source for stromal repopulation in diseased cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengi Demirayak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nurşen Yüksel
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Onur Sinan Çelik
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Cansu Subaşı
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing, Liv Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Duruksu
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Z Seda Unal
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Demir Kürşat Yıldız
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing, Liv Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Turkey
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Özdemir AT, Özgül Özdemir RB, Kırmaz C, Sarıboyacı AE, Ünal Halbutoğlları ZS, Özel C, Karaöz E. The paracrine immunomodulatory interactions between the human dental pulp derived mesenchymal stem cells and CD4 T cell subsets. Cell Immunol 2016; 310:108-115. [PMID: 27576175 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have strong immunomodulatory properties, however these properties may show some differences according to the tissue type of their isolate. In this study we investigated the paracrine interactions between human DP derived MSCs (hDP-MSCs) and the CD4+ T helper cell subsets to establish their immunomodulatory mechanisms. We found that the CD4+-Tbet+ (Th1) and CD4+-Gata3+ (Th2) cells were suppressed by the hDP-MSCs, but the CD4+-Stat3+ (Th17) and CD4+-CD25+-FoxP3+ (Treg) cells were stimulated. The expressions of T cell specific cytokines interferon gamma (IFN-g), interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-17a decreased, but IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-b1) increased with the hDP-MSCs. The expressions of indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), soluble human leukocyte antigen G (sHLA-G) derived from hDP-MSCs slightly increased, but hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) significantly increased in the co-culture groups. According to our findings, the hDP-MSCs can suppress the Th1 and Th2 subsets but stimulate the Th17 and Treg subsets. The Stat3 expression of Th17 cells may have been stimulated by the HGF, and thus the pro-inflammatory Th17 cells may have altered into the immunosuppressive regulatory Th17 cells. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Tunga Özdemir
- Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Stem Cell, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
| | | | - Cengiz Kırmaz
- Celal Bayar University, Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 45050 Manisa, Turkey
| | - Ayla Eker Sarıboyacı
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production Application and Research Center, 26480 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | | | - Ceren Özel
- Kocaeli University, Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Application Center, 41000 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, 34000 Istanbul, Turkey; Istinye University, Medical School, Department of Histology and Embryology, 34000 Istanbul, Turkey
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Çerman E, Akkoç T, Eraslan M, Şahin Ö, Özkara S, Vardar Aker F, Subaşı C, Karaöz E, Akkoç T. Retinal Electrophysiological Effects of Intravitreal Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156495. [PMID: 27300133 PMCID: PMC4907488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of legal blindness in developed countries at middle age adults. In this study diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in male Wistar albino rats. After 3 months of diabetes, rights eye were injected intravitreally with green fluorescein protein (GFP) labelled bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSC) and left eyes with balanced salt solution (Sham). Animals were grouped as Baseline (n = 51), Diabetic (n = 45), Diabetic+BMSC (n = 45 eyes), Diabetic+Sham (n = 45 eyes), Healthy+BMSC (n = 6 eyes), Healthy+Sham (n = 6 eyes). Immunohistology analysis showed an increased retinal gliosis in the Diabetic group, compared to Baseline group, which was assessed with GFAP and vimentin expression. In the immunofluorescence analysis BMSC were observed to integrate mostly into the inner retina and expressing GFP. Diabetic group had prominently lower oscillatory potential wave amplitudes than the Baseline group. Three weeks after intravitreal injection Diabetic+BMSC group had significantly better amplitudes than the Diabetic+Sham group. Taken together intravitreal BMSC were thought to improve visual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eren Çerman
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul, Turkey
- * E-mail:
| | - Tolga Akkoç
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institution, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Muhsin Eraslan
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Şahin
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selvinaz Özkara
- Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fugen Vardar Aker
- Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cansu Subaşı
- Kocaeli University Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Kocaeli University Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Tunç Akkoç
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cinik R, Yüksel N, Pirhan D, Aslan MŞ, Subaşı C, Karaöz E. The Effect of Everolimus on Scar Formation in Glaucoma Filtering Surgery in a Rabbit Model. Curr Eye Res 2016; 41:1438-1446. [PMID: 27116538 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2015.1125506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the efficiency of everolimus on the prevention of postoperative scar in a rabbit model of glaucoma filtering surgery in comparison with mitomycin-C (MMC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty New Zealand albino rabbits were randomly assigned into 3 groups, each including ten rabbits: an everolimus group (Group 1), a MMC group (Group 2), and a sham group (Group 3). A limbal-based trabeculectomy was performed on the right eyes of all the rabbits. For 28 days following surgery, the eyes were evaluated in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP), morphological and biomicroscopic changes, and complications in the bleb. On the 28th day, four eyes randomized from each group were enucleated and histologically and immunohistochemically analyzed. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), metalloproteinase (MMP-2, MMP-9), and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expressions in each group were evaluated. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was used for apoptosis. RESULTS Bleb survival was statistically significantly longer for a period in Group 1 compared to Group 2. When postoperative IOPs of three groups were measured, it was seen that there is significant IOP reduction in all three groups. However, there were increases in the mean IOP values beginning from the 5th day in Group 2 and from the 3rd day in Group 3 while in Group 1 mean IOP values began to increase beginning from 10th day and the mean IOP values in Group 1 remained at a lower level in comparison to the other groups for 28 days (p < 0.05). The expressions of TGF-β1, MMP-2, MMP-9, and PCNA were reduced in Group 1 compared to other groups. TUNEL positive apoptotic cells were significantly increased in Group 1 compared to other groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Everolimus appears to suppress the proliferation of fibroblast and thus may provide an effective treatment strategy in glaucoma filtering surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruken Cinik
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Diyarbakir Bismil State Hospital , Diyarbakir , Turkey
| | - Nurşen Yüksel
- b Department of Ophthalmology , Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine , Kocaeli , Turkey
| | - Dilara Pirhan
- b Department of Ophthalmology , Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine , Kocaeli , Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şehmuz Aslan
- c Department of Ophthalmology , Arnavutkoy State Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Cansu Subaşı
- d Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), Liv Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- d Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), Liv Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhan Şişman
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Inonu
| | - Ayça Aksoy
- Faculty of Bioengineering, Institute of Science, Yildiz Technical University
| | - Muhammet Yalçın
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Inonu
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing
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Karaöz E, İnci Ç. Umbilical Cord Tissue and Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells Properties and Therapeutic Potentials. Perinatal Tissue-Derived Stem Cells 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-46410-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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Eriş E, Yüksel N, Pirhan D, Karadenizli A, Aslan M, Gacar G, Erman G, Subaş C, Uzuner H, Yldz DK, Karaöz E. Evaluation of Effect of Topical Tacrolimus Treatment on Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in a Rat Model. Eye Contact Lens 2015; 42:163-70. [PMID: 25996419 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effectiveness of topical tacrolimus treatment on herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK) in a rat model. METHODS The development of HSK was monitored for 14 days after the inoculation of rats with herpes simplex type 1 virus. Rats that developed HSK were divided into four groups as follows: (1) topical antiviral treatment (control), (2) topical antiviral and 1% prednisolone acetate, (3) topical antiviral and 0.03% tacrolimus ointment, and (4) topical antiviral plus 0.1% tacrolimus ointment. After 14 days of treatment, the severity levels of HSK were scored and compared with the levels before the treatment. The expression of CD3, CD4, and CD8 was evaluated by flow cytometry. The development of the disease was evaluated clinically and histologically. RESULTS Significant improvement in vascularization was observed in the groups with the drug treatment in addition to the antiviral agent (P<0.05), but there was no obvious difference within groups 2, 3, and 4 in the vascularization severity. The regression of corneal edema was 8.05%±6% in group 1, 25.17%±14.55% in group 2 (P=0.01), 36.40%±21.69% in group 3 (P=0.03), and 46.39%±14.96% in group 4 (P=0.00). A significant decrease in the number of inflammatory cells in the groups with the drug treatment was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and confirmed by flow cytometry analysis. CONCLUSIONS Topical tacrolimus treatment caused a significant decrease in corneal vascularization accompanied by a lower number of inflammatory cells in the experimental HSK corneal edema model. Therefore, topical tacrolimus has the potential to be used in the treatment of HSK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Eriş
- Departments of Ophthalmology (E.E., N.Y., D.P., M.A.), Medical Microbiology (A.K., H.U.), Stem Cell (G.G., G.E., C.S., E.K.), and Pathology (D.K.Y.), Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Sağlam Ö, Ünal ZS, Subaşı C, Ulukaya E, Karaöz E. IL-6 originated from breast cancer tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells may contribute to carcinogenesis. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:5667-77. [PMID: 25697898 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment is an important factor, which sustains and promotes the tumors by inflammatory signals. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is known as a multifunctional cytokine, which is a major activator of the signaling pathway of Janus kinases (JAKs)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of IL-6 in the tumor microenvironment on carcinogenesis. For this purpose, healthy breast tissue-derived stromal cells (HBT-SCs) and malign breast tissue-derived stromal cells (MBT-SCs) were co-cultured with MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma cell line) cells using semipermeable membranes. The cell proliferation was monitored with water-soluble tetrazolium (WST) and carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) assays. Protein levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot hybridization, while gene expressions were measured by real-time PCR. The results demonstrated that IL-6 protein levels increased significantly in the supernatants of MBT-SCs when they were co-cultured with MCF-7 cells. In accordance with this, the expression of IL-6 was significantly higher in MBT-SCs. Additionally, the expression of STAT3 in MCF-7 cells increased slightly when they were co-cultured with MBT-SCs. Considering together, there is an important interaction between tumor microenvironment and tumor cells mediated by IL-6 signaling. Thereby, the targeting on IL-6 signaling in the treatment of cancer might effectively prevent the tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Sağlam
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Department of Stem Cell, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Emre E, Yüksel N, Duruksu G, Pirhan D, Subaşi C, Erman G, Karaöz E. Neuroprotective effects of intravitreally transplanted adipose tissue and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in an experimental ocular hypertension model. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:543-59. [PMID: 25618560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of bone marrow bone marrow-derived and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that were intravitreally transplanted in an experimental ocular hypertension (OHT) model. METHODS An OHT rat model was generated by means of intracameral injection of hyaluronic acid into the anterior chamber. MSCs labeled with green fluorescence protein were transplanted intravitreally 1 week after OHT induction. At the end of the second and fourth weeks, retinal ganglion cells were visualized with the use of a flat-mount retina method and were evaluated by means of immunofluorescence staining against green fluorescence protein, vimentin, CD105, and cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1Ra, prostaglandin E2 receptor, IL-6, transforming growth factor-β1, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α). RESULTS The retinal ganglion cell numbers per area were significantly improved in stem cell-treated OHT groups compared with that in the non-treated OHT group (P < 0.05). The results of immunohistochemical analyses indicated that a limited number of stem cells had integrated into the ganglion cell layer and the inner nuclear layer. The number of cells expressing proinflammatory cytokines (interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α) decreased in the MSC-transferred group compared with that in the OHT group after 4 weeks (P < 0.01). On the other hand, IL-1Ra and prostaglandin E2 receptor expressions were increased in the rat bone marrow-derived MSC group but were more significant in the rat adipose tissue-derived MSC group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS After intravitreal transplantation, MSCs showed a neuroprotective effect in the rat OHT model. Therefore, MSCs promise an alternative therapy approach for functional recovery in the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Emre
- Department of Ophthalmology, Çerkezköy State Hospital, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
| | - Nurşen Yüksel
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Duruksu
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Dilara Pirhan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Cansu Subaşi
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (Liv MedCell) Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülay Erman
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (Liv MedCell) Istanbul, Turkey
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Bal T, Nazli C, Okcu A, Duruksu G, Karaöz E, Kizilel S. Mesenchymal stem cells and ligand incorporation in biomimetic poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels significantly improve insulin secretion from pancreatic islets. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 11:694-703. [PMID: 25393526 DOI: 10.1002/term.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to investigate pancreatic islet function with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a ligand-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel for the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (rBM-MSCs) were encapsulated within synthetic PEG hydrogel, and cell viability and apoptosis within this 3D environment was examined in detail. ATP content and caspase-3 activity of encapsulated MSCs showed that fibronectin-derived RGDS, laminin-derived IKVAV and/or insulinotropic glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) were required to maintain MSC survival. Incorporation of these peptides into the hydrogel environment also improved pancreatic islet viability, where combinations of peptides had altered effects on islet survival. GLP-1 alone was the leading stimulator for insulin secretion. Cell adhesion peptides RGDS and IKVAV improved insulin secretion only when they were used in combination, but could not surpass the effect of GLP-1. Further, when pancreatic islets were co-encapsulated with MSCs within synthetic PEG hydrogel, a two-fold increase in the stimulation index was measured. Synergistic effects of MSCs and peptides were observed, with a seven-fold increase in the stimulation index. The results are promising and suggest that simultaneous incorporation of MSCs and ECM-derived peptides and/or GLP-1 can improve pancreatic islet function in response to altered glucose levels in the physiological environment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Bal
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Caner Nazli
- Material Sciences and Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alparslan Okcu
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Duruksu
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.,Liv Hospital, Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Research and Therapy Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Kizilel
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Material Sciences and Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Simsek T, Duruksu G, Okçu A, Aksoy A, Erman G, Utkan Z, Cantürk Z, Karaöz E. Effect of hypothyroidism in the thyroidectomized rats on immunophenotypic characteristics and differentiation capacity of adipose tissue derived stem cells. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014; 18:617-629. [PMID: 24668701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thyroid hormones influence multiple physiological functions, like growth, differentiation, protein synthesis and metabolic rate. The hypothyroid state is a complex hormonal dysfunction rather than a single hormonal defect. The relation between hypothyroidism after thyroidectomy and stem cells is not clear. AIM This study was designed to investigate the effect of thyroidectomy on the proliferation, telomerase enzyme activities, immunophenotypic properties and differentiation potentials of adipose tissue-derived (AT-) stem cells (SCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS AT-SCs after 60 and 120 days of thyroidectomized (Tx) rats were compared to normal rats by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry analyses, and their telomerase activities were estimated. RESULTS The telomerase activity was found to be positive for AT-SCs of Tx rats of both 60 and 120 days used in this study, but a decrease was noticed in the cells with the long-term exposure to hypothyroidism. This might indicate the decrease in the regenerative ability of the AT-SCs after 120 days of Tx compared to cells after 60 days of Tx. Both cell lines were induced to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic and neurogenic cell lineages, but osteogenic marker expression was not detected in the undifferentiated AT-SCs of the Tx rats. Osteogenic differentiation was also failed in stem cells derived from Tx rats, shown by Alizarin red S staining and alkaline phosphates enzyme assays. DISCUSSION These results suggest that hypothyroidism affected SCs, altered stem cell characteristics, like telomerase activity and loss of in vitro bone formation, but not adipogenic or neurogenic differentiation ability. CONCLUSIONS Hypothyroidism after Tx affects the osteogenic differentiation capacity of stem cells, which might be one of the factors of bone loss due to postnatal hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Simsek
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, and Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research and Practice; Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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Aydın A, Duruksu G, Erman G, Subaşı C, Aksoy A, Unal ZS, Karaöz E. Neurogenic differentiation capacity of subacromial bursal tissue-derived stem cells. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:151-8. [PMID: 24115219 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, analysis and comprehensive comparison of neurogenic differentiation capacity of human bursal tissue-derived-stem cells (hBT-SCs) was aimed with human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). hBT-SCs was isolated from subacromial bursa tissue (n = 3) by collagen type-II digestion. The expression of stem cell markers, differentiation capacity and telomerase activity were determined for both cell lines. The expression levels of neurogenic cell markers were compared consecutively. With respect to the surface marker profile, both cells display similar pluripotency phenotypes. Both cells successfully differentiated into osteo- and adipogenic cell lines. The immune staining of mesenchymal, stem cell and neurogenic markers gave positive reaction. The gene expression level for Tubb3, Nestin, Gfap, Map2, Nf-h, and Nf-l was higher in hBT-SCs than hBM-MSCs. The high level of neurotrophic factors, like Tenascin C, NGF, BDNF, VEGF, and CNTF might indicate their regeneration and maintenance capacity in damaged neural tissue. Besides they are alternative source for human mesenchymal stem cells, hBT-SCs assess the possibility to use in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Aydın
- Department of Orthopedics, Seka Hospital, 41050, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Aydin A, Kenar H, Atmaca H, Alici T, Gacar G, Müezzinoğlu ÜS, Karaöz E. The short- and long- term effects of estrogen deficiency on apoptosis in musculoskeletal tissues: an experimental animal model study. Arch Iran Med 2013; 16:271-6. [PMID: 23641740 DOI: 013165/aim.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen is the major sex steroid affecting the growth, remodeling, and homeostasis of the female skeleton. Estrogen loss in postmenopausal women leads to osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the early and long- term effects of estrogen loss on bones, tendons, muscles, and menisci in ovariectomized rats. METHODS Fifteen rats were randomized into three groups of five animals each. The first group was the control group with no additional surgical procedure, but the rest (groups 2 and 3) were bilaterally ovariectomized . All animals in the group 2 were sacrificed at 14th week to evaluate the short- term effect, and all of other animals in the groups 1 and 3 were sacrificed at 28th week to analyze the long- term effect of estrogen loss in the ovariectomized group and to control with the group 1. Quadriceps muscles, Achilles tendons, menisci, and femur cortical bones from both lower extremities were taken. The amount of apoptosis was measured. RESULTS There was a significant increase in cell apoptosis in bones, muscles, and tendons with insignificant increase in cell apoptosis in menisci at early and late periods in rats with ovariectomies than the control. CONCLUSION The results indicated that estrogen loss after ovariectomy does not only affect bones; it may also increase cell apoptosis in different tissues such as muscles, tendons, and menisci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Aydin
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Izmit Seka State Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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Turaç G, Hindley CJ, Thomas R, Davis JA, Deleidi M, Gasser T, Karaöz E, Pruszak J. Combined flow cytometric analysis of surface and intracellular antigens reveals surface molecule markers of human neuropoiesis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68519. [PMID: 23826393 PMCID: PMC3691147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface molecule profiles undergo dynamic changes in physiology and pathology, serve as markers of cellular state and phenotype and can be exploited for cell selection strategies and diagnostics. The isolation of well-defined cell subsets is needed for in vivo and in vitro applications in stem cell biology. In this technical report, we present an approach for defining a subset of interest in a mixed cell population by flow cytometric detection of intracellular antigens. We have developed a fully validated protocol that enables the co-detection of cluster of differentiation (CD) surface antigens on fixed, permeabilized neural cell populations defined by intracellular staining. Determining the degree of co-expression of surface marker candidates with intracellular target population markers (nestin, MAP2, doublecortin, TUJ1) on neuroblastoma cell lines (SH-SY5Y, BE(2)-M17) yielded a combinatorial CD49f-/CD200high surface marker panel. Its application in fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) generated enriched neuronal cultures from differentiated cell suspensions derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Our data underlines the feasibility of using the described co-labeling protocol and co-expression analysis for quantitative assays in mammalian neurobiology and for screening approaches to identify much needed surface markers in stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Turaç
- Emmy Noether-Group for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Christopher J. Hindley
- Emmy Noether-Group for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ria Thomas
- Emmy Noether-Group for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jason A. Davis
- Emmy Noether-Group for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michela Deleidi
- 4 Hertie, Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Gasser
- 4 Hertie, Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Jan Pruszak
- Emmy Noether-Group for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Karaöz E. Stromal Stem Cells from Parathyroid Glands of Patients with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Demonstrate Higher Telomerase Activity and Osteogenic Differentiation Ability than Normal Bone Marrow Derived Stromal Stem Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.9734/bjmmr/2013/2455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ertaş G, Ural E, Ural D, Aksoy A, Kozdağ G, Gacar G, Karaöz E. Comparative analysis of apoptotic resistance of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from human bone marrow and adipose tissue. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:105698. [PMID: 22619573 PMCID: PMC3349309 DOI: 10.1100/2012/105698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from human bone marrow (hBM) and adipose tissue (hAT) are perceived as attractive sources of stem cells for cell therapy. The aim of this study was to compare MSCs from hBM and hAT for their immunocytochemistry staining and resistance to in vitro apoptosis. Methods. In our study, we investigated the antiapoptotic ability of these MSCs toward oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and serum deprivation. Results were assessed by MTT and flow cytometry. All experiments were repeated a minimum of three times. Results. Flow cytometry and MTT analysis revealed that hAT-MSCs exhibited a higher resistance toward H2O2-induced apoptosis (n = 3, hBM-hAT viability H2O2 58.43 ± 1.24–73.02 ± 1.44, P < 0.02) and to serum-deprivation-induced apoptosis at days 1 and 4 than the hBM-MSCs (n = 3, hAT-hBM absorbance, resp., day 1: 0.305 ± 0.027–0.234 ± 0.015, P = 0.029, day 4: 0.355 ± 0.003–0.318 ± 0.007, P = 0.001, and day 7: 0.400 ± 0.017–0.356 ± 0.008, P = 0.672). hAT-MSCs showed superior tolerance to oxidative stress triggered by 2 mmol/L H2O2 and also have superior antiapoptosis capacity toward serum-free culture. Conclusion. In this study we found that hAT-MSCs are more resistant to in vitro apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Ertaş
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Adnan Menderes Bulvarı Vatan Caddesi, Fatih, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey.
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Karaöz E, Demircan PC, Sağlam Ö, Aksoy A, Kaymaz F, Duruksu G. Human dental pulp stem cells demonstrate better neural and epithelial stem cell properties than bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2011; 136:455-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-011-0858-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Karaöz E, Okçu A, Gacar G, Sağlam O, Yürüker S, Kenar H. A comprehensive characterization study of human bone marrow mscs with an emphasis on molecular and ultrastructural properties. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:1367-82. [PMID: 20945392 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) continue to draw attention of researchers in the fields of basic science and medicine due to their indispensible regenerative, reparative, angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, and immunosuppressive properties, all of which collectively point out their enormous therapeutic potential. There is still, however, a need for further investigation of their characteristics to broaden their field of use and learn much more about how to control their fate and improve their therapeutic effectiveness. hBM-MSCs were extensively characterized in terms of their growth characteristics, genetic stability, and differentiation capability to the mesodermal and ectodermal cell lineages; a special emphasis was given to their phenotypic and ultrastructural properties. Expression of embryonic stem cell markers Oct4, Rex-1, FoxD-3, Sox2, and Nanog was shown with real-time PCR. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the ultrastructural characteristics of hBM-MSCs; they had pale, irregularly shaped and large euchromatic nuclei, and two distinct areas in their cytoplasm: an intensely stained inner zone rich in mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) with dilated cisternae and a relatively peripheral zone poor in organelles. hBM-MSCs expressed adipogenic (adipophilin and PPARγ), myogenic (desmin, myogenin, α-SMA), neurogenic (γ-enolase, MAP2a,b, c-fos, nestin, NF-H, NF-L, GFAP, β3-tubulin), osteogenic (osteonectin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, Runx-2, type I collagen), and chondrogenic (type II collagen, SOX9) markers either at RNA or protein level even under basal conditions, without any stimulation towards differentiation. The differentiation potential of hBM-MSCs to adipogenic, osteogenic, and neurogenic lineages was shown by using the relevant differentiation factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Karaöz
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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Karaöz E, Doğan BN, Aksoy A, Gacar G, Akyüz S, Ayhan S, Genç ZS, Yürüker S, Duruksu G, Demircan PÇ, Sarıboyacı AE. Isolation and in vitro characterisation of dental pulp stem cells from natal teeth. Histochem Cell Biol 2009; 133:95-112. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-009-0646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Soyupek S, Armağan A, Serel TA, Hoşcan MB, Perk H, Karaöz E, Candir O. Leptin expression in the testicular tissue of fertile and infertile men. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 51:239-46. [PMID: 16025864 DOI: 10.1080/01485010590919666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There have been several studies about the presence of leptin in serum and testicular tissue, and none of them compares the leptin expression in the testicular tissue of fertile and infertile men. We assessed the presence of leptin expression in the testicular tissue of fertile and infertile men. 20 azoospermic infertile men were included in the study. All patients underwent testicular sperm extraction (TESE) for ICSI. For the detection of leptin, the immunohistochemistry was carried out. Intensity of immunohistochemical staining was subjectively estimated and expressed as negative (-), weak positive (+), intermediate positive (++) and strong positive (+++). Testicular tissues of 5 fertile patients, aged 50-60 years, was stained with leptin for control group. Mann-Whitney U test was used as the statistical method. There was no statistically significant difference in leptin staining between infertile patients and control group (p < 0.05). Leptin staining in tubuli seminiferi and Leydig cells were generally equal or Leydig cells were stained (+) much. This difference was not statistically significant. We found that there is leptin staining in Leydig cells and tubuli seminiferi. There is no difference in normal and infertile men for leptin staining properties in testicular tissue. This condition suggests that the effect of leptin on reproductive functions originates from a systemic effect related to central neuroendocrine system, androgen levels or spermatogenic existence rather than its direct effect on testicular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Soyupek
- Department of Urology, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
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Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to reduce mononuclear phagocytic system (MFS) cells with splenectomy and investigate its preventive effects on lung, liver, and kidney ultrastructure and free radical generation after intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion (IIR). METHOD Forty adult male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups as sham laparatomy (SL), splenectomy + sham laparatomy (SSL), intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion (IIR), and splenectomy + intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion (SIIR). One hour of mesenteric ischaemia and four hours of reperfusion were applied. Splenectomy was performed just before reperfusing the intestine. Serum levels of malonedialdehyde (MDA) was measured, and tissue samples obtained from the lung, liver, and kidneys were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde for electron microscopy. RESULTS Lung, liver, and kidney ultrastructures were normal in both groups of SL and SSL. In the IIR group, type 2 pneumocytes showed lamellar body degeneration, dilation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and thickening of the basal lamina. Hepatocytes showed dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial degeneration, and cytoplasmic lipid droplets. The glomerular basement membrane was thickened and the endothelial cells showed discontinuity. The foot processes of the podocytes and microvilli of the proximal tubule cells had also disappeared in the kidney. Splenectomy attenuated these ultrastructural changes in the SIIR group. In the IIR group, serum MDA level was significantly increased to 171.7 +/- 6.7 nmol/ml (p < 0.05). Splenectomy significantly reduced serum MDA level to 87.8 +/- 2.5 nmol/ml in the SIIR group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Splenectomy attenuated degenerative findings encountered in lung, liver, and kidney ultrastructure after IIR. Splenectomy also significantly decreased serum levels of MDA. The possible role of splenectomy is to reduce the MFS cells, which play an important role in the remote organ injury after intestinal reperfusion damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Savas
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Suleyman Demirel University Medical School, Isparta, Turkey.
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Gökcimen A, Ozgüner F, Karaöz E, Ozen S, Aydin G. The effect of melatonin on morphological changes in liver induced by magnetic field exposure in rats. Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn 2002; 79:25-31. [PMID: 12199535 DOI: 10.2535/ofaj.79.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible effect of melatonin on morphological changes in liver induced by magnetic fields exposure. Thirty albino young male Wistar Albino rats were used in the study. They were divided into 3 groups. Control group (C) (n: 10) received daily intraperitoneal injections of saline (0.1 ml/100 g) containing 5% ethanol for two weeks. Only magnetic field exposed (MF) group (n: 10); only magnetic field exposed had daily intraperitoneal injections of physiologic saline (0.1 ml/100 g) containing 5% ethanol for two weeks. Magnetic field exposed and melatonin treated (MF+m) group (n: 10); melatonin was dissolved in ethanol with further dilution in physiological saline. The animals in this group were exposed magnetic fields for two weeks. The magnetic fields exposed animals had intraperitoneal single dose of 4 mg/kg melatonin (0.1 ml/100 g) at 10:00 o'clock daily for two weeks following magnetic fields exposure. We used commercial CB handheld portable transceiver, Midland (USA) labelled, of 4 Watts, 40 channel. This channel frequency has been measured 27.17 MHz with frequency counter. According to the IRPA exposure standards; for 27 MHz, for 6 min, exposure limit is 0.2 mW/cm2. This value is for General Public. For occupational exposure limit is 1 mW/cm2. We have to consider General Public exposure limit. Therefore our limit is 0.2 mW/cm2. In other words; in this study; our exposure is always over the recommended limit. All the animals were decapitated. Liver samples were fixed in buffered neutral formalin. Paraffin sections were dyed with hematoxylen-eosin. Sections were examined under light microscopy. In MF group; sinusoidal dilatations, mixed cell infiltrations noticed in the periportal area, necrosis and vacuoler degeneration were determined in liver samples. However, parenchymal and stromal structures were observed to be prevented partially from effects of magnetic fields in melatonin treated group. In conclusion, it is suggested that melatonin has a mild preventive effect on magnetic field exposed changes in liver tissue in the rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpaslan Gökcimen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, S. Demirel University, School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey.
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Oncu M, Gultekin F, Karaöz E, Altuntas I, Delibas N. Nephrotoxicity in rats induced by chlorpryfos-ethyl and ameliorating effects of antioxidants. Hum Exp Toxicol 2002; 21:223-30. [PMID: 12099624 DOI: 10.1191/0960327102ht225oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity induced by chlorpyrifos-ethyl (CE) and ameliorating effects of melatonin and vitamin E plus vitamin C were evaluated in rats exposed to CE. Experimental groups were as follows: control (C), CE treated (CE), vitamin E plus vitamin C treated (Vit), melatonin treated (Mel), vitamin E plus vitamin C plus CE treated (Vit+CE), and melatonin plus CE treated (Mel+CE). The rats in the CE, Vit+CE and Mel+CE groups were administered orally with CE in two equal doses of 41 mg/kg body weight (0.25 LD50). Melatonin and vitamins E and C were administrated intramuscularly at the doses of 10, 150 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and antioxidant potential (AOP), and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were studied in the homogenates of kidney tissue. There were no significant differences in the activities of SOD and CAT between the experimental groups. The level of TBARS increased significantly (P<0.05) while AOP decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the CE group compared with the C group. GSH-Px activity was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the CE group and higher in the melatonin group than the control group. Histopathological changes were found in the kidney tissue of rats treated with CE. These were infiltration in mononuclear cells at perivascular and peritubular areas, hydropic degenerations in tubule epithelium and glomerular sclerosis. The severity of the lesions was reduced by administration of vitamins and melatonin. These results suggest that CE increases lipid peroxidation and decreases AOP by increasing oxidative stress, and that high doses of melatonin and a combination of vitamin E plus vitamin C considerably reduce the toxic effect of CE on kidney tissue of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oncu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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48
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate the possible postnatal effects on the liver, kidney and testicular tissues of the offspring of rats given diclofenac sodium (DS) during pregnancy. METHODS At the beginning of the experiment, 80 rats (20 males and 60 females) were raised together for mating purposes. At the end, 50 pregnant rats were obtained and used as the experimental subjects. All pregnant rats were divided into 2 groups, each with 25 rats. The rats of the control group received physiological serum, 1 cm3/kg live weight per day, and the rats of the treatment group were injected with DS, 1 mg/kg live weight per day from the 5th to the 20th day of pregnancy. Four weeks after birth, tissue samples were obtained under anesthesia by perfusion fixation from a total of 40 offspring, 20 (10 males, 10 females) from the control group and 20 (10 males 10 females) from the DS group. Paraffin sections were dyed with hematoxylin eosin and examined under light microscopy. RESULTS The gestation period was significantly prolonged with DS-treated rats (p < 0.001). A moderate significant enlargement in the periportal area (p < 0.05), sinusoidal dilatation (p < 0.001), bile duct proliferation (p < 0.001), pyknosis in the nucleus of hepatocytes, and vacuolar degeneration in parenchymal cells (p < 0.001) were observed in DS-treated rats. Morphological changes in the liver were found to be similar both in female and male rats. Under light microscopy a similar morphological structure was observed in the kidney and testicular tissues of both the DS-treated and control rats. CONCLUSION Significant morphological changes were observed in the livers of the offspring whose parents had been treated with DS. No significant differences were observed in liver morphology between the female and male offspring. There were no significant effects of DS on the morphology of the kidney and testis in all offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gökçimen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Demirel University, School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey.
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Karahan ST, Sürücü HS, Karaöz E. Chronic degenerative changes in the myocardium supplied by bridged coronary arteries in eight postmortem samples. Jpn Circ J 1998; 62:691-4. [PMID: 9766709 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.62.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In humans, the coronary arteries course not only subepicardially but also intramyocardially. The intramyocardial course of the coronary artery is reported to lead to acute ischemic heart disease and, as well, it may be symptomless. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term ischemic effects of bridged arteries on the myocardium, and was carried out on 8 autopsy hearts with myocardial bridges and 2 hearts without myocardial bridges. The samples from the myocardium were examined with light microscopy. In the myocardium supplied by the bridged arteries, it was observed that there was an increase in the intercellular connective tissue, which was rich in collagen bundles, lymphocytes, fibroblasts and macrophages. Compression of the coronary artery by myocardial bridges may cause chronic degenerative changes, which may remain silent for a long time.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Karahan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Turkey.
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Ozğul C, Karaöz E, Erdoğan D, Dursun A. Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in normal colonic mucosa and in adenocarcinomas of the colon. Acta Physiol Hung 1998; 85:121-8. [PMID: 9706306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The levels of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGF-R) were investigated in normal colon mucosa and in adenocarcinomas of the colon. The frequency of expression and localization of epidermal growth factor receptors were examined by immunohistochemistry in 17 carcinomas (well differentiated) and adjacent non-involved normal colon mucosa. EGF-R was observed that expression in carcinomas were significantly higher than in normal colon mucosa. EGF-R may be useful as a marker in malignant potential of adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, the detection of EGF-R expression in biopsy materials by immunohistochemistry staining offers precise diagnostic information of the involvement of adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ozğul
- Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Türkiye.
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