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Chumbe A, Grobben M, Capella-Pujol J, Koekkoek SM, Zon I, Slamanig S, Merat SJ, Beaumont T, Sliepen K, Schinkel J, van Gils MJ. A panel of hepatitis C virus glycoproteins for the characterization of antibody responses using antibodies with diverse recognition and neutralization patterns. Virus Res 2024; 341:199308. [PMID: 38171391 PMCID: PMC10821612 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
A vaccine against Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is urgently needed to limit the spread of HCV. The large antigenic diversity of the HCV glycoprotein E1E2 makes it difficult to design a vaccine but also to fully understand the antibody response after infection or vaccination. Here we designed a panel of HCV pseudoparticles (HCVpps) that cover a wide range of genetically and antigenically diverse E1E2s. We validate our panel using neutralization and a binding antibody multiplex assay (BAMA). The panel of HCVpps includes E1E2 glycoproteins from acute and chronically infected cases in the Netherlands, as well as E1E2 glycoproteins from previously reported HCVs. Using eight monoclonal antibodies targeting multiple antigenic regions on E1E2, we could categorize four groups of neutralization sensitive viruses with viruses showing neutralization titers over a 100-fold range. One HCVpp (AMS0230) was extremely neutralization resistant and only neutralized by AR4-targeting antibodies. In addition, using binding antibody multiplex competition assay, we delineated mAb epitopes and their interactions. The binding and neutralization sensitivity of the HCVpps were confirmed using patient sera. At the end, eleven HCVpps with unique antibody binding and neutralization profiles were selected as the final panel for standardized HCV antibody assessments. In conclusion, this HCVpp panel can be used to evaluate antibody binding and neutralization breadth and potency as well as delineate the epitopes targeted in sera from patients or candidate vaccine trials. The HCVpp panel in combination with the established antibody competition assay present highly valuable tools for HCV vaccine development and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Chumbe
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marloes Grobben
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joan Capella-Pujol
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sylvie M Koekkoek
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ian Zon
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Slamanig
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Tim Beaumont
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; AIMM Therapeutics, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Marit J van Gils
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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2
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Campman SL, Boyd A, Coyer L, Schinkel J, Agyemang C, Galenkamp H, Koopman ADM, Chilunga FP, Schim van der Loeff MF, van Houtum L, Leenstra T, Stronks K, Prins M. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination uptake in six ethnic groups living in Amsterdam, the Netherlands: A registry-based study within the HELIUS cohort. Prev Med 2024; 178:107822. [PMID: 38103796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ethnic minority groups have experienced a disproportionate burden of COVID-19, and should therefore be especially encouraged to receive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. This study compared first-dose uptake of the primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccination series across six ethnic groups in Amsterdam, the Netherlands in 2021. METHODS We analyzed data from participants of the population-based HELIUS cohort. We linked their data to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination registry data of the Public Health Service of Amsterdam. We included registry data from January 6, 2021 (the start of the Dutch vaccination campaign) until September 6, 2021 (a date by which all adults in the Netherlands could have received one or two vaccine doses). SARS-CoV-2 vaccination uptake was defined as having received at least one vaccine dose of the primary vaccination series. We examined the association between ethnicity and vaccination uptake using multivariable logistic regression, while accounting for the age and sex distribution of ethnic groups in Amsterdam. RESULTS We included 19,006 participants (median age 53 years [interquartile range 41-62], 57% female). SARS-CoV-2 vaccination uptake was highest in the South-Asian Surinamese group (60.3%, 95%CI = 58.2-62.3%), followed by the Dutch (59.6%, 95%CI = 58.0-61.1%), Ghanaian (54.1%, 95%CI = 51.7-56.5%), Turkish (47.7%, 95%CI = 45.9-49.6%), African Surinamese (43.0%, 95%CI = 41.2-44.7%), and Moroccan (35.8%, 95%CI = 34.1-37.5%) groups. After adjusting for age, sex, perceived social support, and presence of relevant comorbidities, participants of African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish and Moroccan origin were significantly less likely to be vaccinated than those of Dutch origin. CONCLUSIONS Prevention strategies should continue tailoring to specific ethnic groups to encourage vaccination uptake and reduce barriers to vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L Campman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Anders Boyd
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Stichting hiv monitoring, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Liza Coyer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 15, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Henrike Galenkamp
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anitra D M Koopman
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Felix P Chilunga
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten F Schim van der Loeff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lieke van Houtum
- Department of Healthy Living, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tjalling Leenstra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Karien Stronks
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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3
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Hage K, van de Kerkhof M, Boyd A, Carson JM, Newsum AM, Matser A, van der Valk M, Brinkman K, Arends JE, Lauw FN, Rijnders BJA, van Eeden A, Martinello M, Matthews GV, Schinkel J, Prins M. Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Reinfection Using a Behaviour-Based Risk Score among Men Who Have Sex with Men with HIV: Results from a Case-Control Diagnostic Validation Study. Pathogens 2023; 12:1248. [PMID: 37887764 PMCID: PMC10610046 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the predictive capacity of the HCV-MOSAIC risk score, originally developed for primary early HCV infection, as a screening tool for HCV reinfection in 103 men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV using data from the MOSAIC cohort, including MSM with HIV/HCV-coinfection who became reinfected (cases, n = 27) or not (controls, n = 76) during follow-up. The overall predictive capacity of the score was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. The effects of covariates on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were assessed using parametric ROC regression. The score cut-off validated for primary early infection (≥2.0) was used, from which the sensitivity and specificity were calculated. The AUROC was 0.74 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.63-0.84). Group sex significantly increased the predictive capacity. Using the validated cut-off, sensitivity was 70.4% (95%CI = 49.8-86.2%) and specificity was 59.2% (95%CI: 47.3-70.4%). External validation from a cohort of 25 cases and 111 controls, all MSM with HIV, resulted in a sensitivity of 44.0% (95%CI = 24.4-65.1) and specificity of 71.2% (95%CI = 61.8-79.4). The HCV-MOSAIC risk score may be useful for identifying individuals at risk of HCV reinfection. In sexual health or HIV-care settings, this score could help guide HCV-RNA testing in MSM with a prior HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Hage
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, 1018 WT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC Location, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marita van de Kerkhof
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, 1018 WT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Stichting SBOH, 3528 BB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anders Boyd
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, 1018 WT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Stichting HIV Monitoring (SHM), 1105 BD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne M. Carson
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Astrid M. Newsum
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, 1018 WT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amy Matser
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, 1018 WT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Stichting HIV Monitoring (SHM), 1105 BD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Brinkman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), 1091 AC Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joop E. Arends
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Fanny N. Lauw
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Centre Jan van Goyen, 1075 HN Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J. A. Rijnders
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arne van Eeden
- Department of Internal Medicine, DC Klinieken Oud Zuid, 1075 BG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gail V. Matthews
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC Location, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, 1018 WT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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4
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Fierer DS, Schinkel J. Redefining the Paradigm: The Role of Sexual Networks and Sexualized Drug Use in the Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus Among Men Who Have Sex With Men. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:657-661. [PMID: 37486348 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Fierer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Section of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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5
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Koopsen J, Matthews G, Rockstroh J, Applegate TL, Bhagani S, Rauch A, Grebely J, Sacks-Davis R, Ingiliz P, Boesecke C, Rebers S, Feld J, Bruneau J, Martinello M, Hellard M, Dore GJ, Schinkel J, van der Valk M. Hepatitis C virus transmission between eight high-income countries among men who have sex with men: a whole-genome analysis. Lancet Microbe 2023; 4:e622-e631. [PMID: 37336226 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microelimination of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) among men who have sex with men (MSM) could be complicated by continuous external introductions and the emergence of phylogenetic clusters harbouring clinically significant resistance-associated substitutions (RAS). To investigate international clustering and the prevalence and transmission of RAS, we aimed to analyse whole-genome HCV sequences from MSM with a recently acquired infection who participated in a large, international HCV treatment trial. METHODS For this whole-genome analysis, we obtained HCV sequences from 128 MSM who had acquired HCV within the past 12 months and were participating in the REACT trial. The participants from whom sequences were obtained were recruited at 24 sites in eight countries. We inferred maximum-likelihood phylogenies and identified transmission clusters for HCV genotypes separately. We constructed time-scaled phylogenies to estimate cluster introduction dates and used a Bayesian Skygrid approach to estimate the effective population size over the past 50 years. We calculated the prevalence of RAS and the extent of RAS transmission in the study population. FINDINGS The majority of recent HCV infections were part of international networks that arose in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Sequences obtained in the same country clustered frequently, and in 36% of subclusters since 2015 we found evidence of international transmission. European MSM were more likely than non-European MSM to be in a cluster (odds ratio 11·9 [95% CI 3·6-43·4], p<0·0001). The effective population size decreased rapidly since around 2015 in Europe. RAS associated with substantially diminished cure rates were infrequently detected and transmission of highly resistant viruses was not observed. INTERPRETATION Despite antiviral treatment becoming widely available, international transmission of HCV among MSM has still occurred over the past 8 years, which could complicate microelimination of the virus in this population. RAS-enriched clusters and widespread RAS transmission are currently not a threat to elimination goals. These findings support an international approach for HCV microelimination among MSM. FUNDING National Institutes of Health and Dr. C.J. Vaillant Fonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Koopsen
- Laboratory of Applied Evolutionary Biology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Gail Matthews
- Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Sanjay Bhagani
- Royal Free Hospital, London, UK; Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andri Rauch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jason Grebely
- Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Patrick Ingiliz
- Zentrum für Infektiologie Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg, Berlin, Germany; Henri-Mondor University Hospital, Hepatology Department, INSERM U955, Créteil, France
| | | | - Sjoerd Rebers
- Section of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jordan Feld
- Toronto Centre for Liver Diseases, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julie Bruneau
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Margaret Hellard
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gregory J Dore
- Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Section of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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6
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Capella-Pujol J, de Gast M, Radić L, Zon I, Chumbe A, Koekkoek S, Olijhoek W, Schinkel J, van Gils MJ, Sanders RW, Sliepen K. Signatures of V H1-69-derived hepatitis C virus neutralizing antibody precursors defined by binding to envelope glycoproteins. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4036. [PMID: 37419906 PMCID: PMC10328973 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39690-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
An effective preventive vaccine for hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a major unmet need. Antigenic region 3 (AR3) on the E1E2 envelope glycoprotein complex overlaps with the CD81 receptor binding site and represents an important epitope for broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) and is therefore important for HCV vaccine design. Most AR3 bNAbs utilize the VH1-69 gene and share structural features that define the AR3C-class of HCV bNAbs. In this work, we identify recombinant HCV glycoproteins based on a permuted E2E1 trimer design that bind to the inferred VH1-69 germline precursors of AR3C-class bNAbs. When presented on nanoparticles, these recombinant E2E1 glycoproteins efficiently activate B cells expressing inferred germline AR3C-class bNAb precursors as B cell receptors. Furthermore, we identify critical signatures in three AR3C-class bNAbs that represent two subclasses of AR3C-class bNAbs that will allow refined protein design. These results provide a framework for germline-targeting vaccine design strategies against HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Capella-Pujol
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marlon de Gast
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura Radić
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ian Zon
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ana Chumbe
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sylvie Koekkoek
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wouter Olijhoek
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marit J van Gils
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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7
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Daenen K, Huijben JA, Boyd A, Bos LDJ, Stoof SCM, van Willigen H, Gommers DAMPJ, Moeniralam HS, den Uil CA, Juffermans NP, Kant M, Valkenburg AJ, Pillay J, van Meenen DMP, Paulus F, Schultz MJ, Dalm VASH, van Gorp ECM, Schinkel J, Endeman H. Optimal Dosing and Timing of High-Dose Corticosteroid Therapy in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: Study Protocol for a Retrospective Observational Multicenter Study (SELECT). JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e48183. [PMID: 37266993 DOI: 10.2196/48183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In hospitalized patients with COVID-19, the dosing and timing of corticosteroids vary widely. Low-dose dexamethasone therapy reduces mortality in patients requiring respiratory support, but it remains unclear how to treat patients when this therapy fails. In critically ill patients, high-dose corticosteroids are often administered as salvage late in the disease course, whereas earlier administration may be more beneficial in preventing disease progression. Previous research has revealed that increased levels of various biomarkers are associated with mortality, and whole blood transcriptome sequencing has the ability to identify host factors predisposing to critical illness in patients with COVID-19. OBJECTIVE Our goal is to determine the most optimal dosing and timing of corticosteroid therapy and to provide a basis for personalized corticosteroid treatment regimens to reduce morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. METHODS This is a retrospective, observational, multicenter study that includes adult patients who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 in the Netherlands. We will use the differences in therapeutic strategies between hospitals (per protocol high-dose corticosteroids or not) over time to determine whether high-dose corticosteroids have an effect on the following outcome measures: mechanical ventilation or high-flow nasal cannula therapy, in-hospital mortality, and 28-day survival. We will also explore biomarker profiles in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and use whole blood transcriptome analysis to determine factors that influence the relationship between high-dose corticosteroids and outcome. Existing databases that contain routinely collected electronic data during ward and intensive care admissions, as well as existing biobanks, will be used. We will apply longitudinal modeling appropriate for each data structure to answer the research questions at hand. RESULTS As of April 2023, data have been collected for a total of 1500 patients, with data collection anticipated to be completed by December 2023. We expect the first results to be available in early 2024. CONCLUSIONS This study protocol presents a strategy to investigate the effect of high-dose corticosteroids throughout the entire clinical course of hospitalized patients with COVID-19, from hospital admission to the ward or intensive care unit until hospital discharge. Moreover, our exploration of biomarker and gene expression profiles for targeted corticosteroid therapy represents a first step towards personalized COVID-19 corticosteroid treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05403359; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05403359. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/48183.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrijn Daenen
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jilske A Huijben
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anders Boyd
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- HIV Monitoring Foundation, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lieuwe D J Bos
- Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sara C M Stoof
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hugo van Willigen
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Hazra S Moeniralam
- Department of Internal Medicine and Intensive Care, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, Netherlands
| | | | - Nicole P Juffermans
- Department of Intensive Care, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational Intensive Care, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Merijn Kant
- Department of Pulmonology, Amphia Hospital, Breda, Netherlands
- Department of Intensive Care, Amphia Hospital, Breda, Netherlands
| | - Abraham J Valkenburg
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Isala Clinics, Zwolle, Netherlands
| | - Janesh Pillay
- Department of Intensive Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - David M P van Meenen
- Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frederique Paulus
- Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marcus J Schultz
- Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Virgil A S H Dalm
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eric C M van Gorp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus, Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henrik Endeman
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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8
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Radić L, Sliepen K, Yin V, Brinkkemper M, Capella-Pujol J, Schriek AI, Torres JL, Bangaru S, Burger JA, Poniman M, Bontjer I, Bouhuijs JH, Gideonse D, Eggink D, Ward AB, Heck AJ, Van Gils MJ, Sanders RW, Schinkel J. Bispecific antibodies combine breadth, potency, and avidity of parental antibodies to neutralize sarbecoviruses. iScience 2023; 26:106540. [PMID: 37063468 PMCID: PMC10065043 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 variants evade current monoclonal antibody therapies. Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) combine the specificities of two distinct antibodies taking advantage of the avidity and synergy provided by targeting different epitopes. Here we used controlled Fab-arm exchange to produce bsAbs that neutralize SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron and its subvariants, by combining potent SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies with broader antibodies that also neutralize SARS-CoV. We demonstrated that the parental antibodies rely on avidity for neutralization using bsAbs containing one irrelevant Fab arm. Using mass photometry to measure the formation of antibody:spike complexes, we determined that bsAbs increase binding stoichiometry compared to corresponding cocktails, without a loss of binding affinity. The heterogeneous binding pattern of bsAbs to spike, observed by negative-stain electron microscopy and mass photometry provided evidence for both intra- and inter-spike crosslinking. This study highlights the utility of cross-neutralizing antibodies for designing bivalent agents to combat circulating and future SARS-like coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Radić
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Victor Yin
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mitch Brinkkemper
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joan Capella-Pujol
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Angela I. Schriek
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan L. Torres
- Department of Structural Biology and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sandhya Bangaru
- Department of Structural Biology and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Judith A. Burger
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meliawati Poniman
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ilja Bontjer
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joey H. Bouhuijs
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David Gideonse
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, WHO COVID-19 reference laboratory, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk Eggink
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, WHO COVID-19 reference laboratory, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew B. Ward
- Department of Structural Biology and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Albert J.R. Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marit J. Van Gils
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rogier W. Sanders
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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9
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Isfordink CJ, Boyd A, Sacks-Davis R, van Santen DK, Smit C, Martinello M, Stoove M, Berenguer J, Wittkop L, Klein MB, Rauch A, Salmon D, Lacombe K, Stewart A, Schinkel J, Doyle JS, Hellard M, van der Valk M, Matthews GV. Reasons for not commencing direct-acting antiviral treatment despite unrestricted access for individuals with HIV and hepatitis C virus: a multinational, prospective cohort study. Lancet Public Health 2023; 8:e294-e304. [PMID: 36965984 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(23)00056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) who remain untreated with direct-acting antivirals can contribute to HCV transmission and HCV-related mortality. We aimed to compare rates of uptake of direct-acting antivirals following unrestricted access to this treatment in high-income countries and examine factors associated with remaining untreated. METHODS This multinational, prospective cohort study used data from the International Collaboration on Hepatitis C Elimination in HIV Cohorts (InCHEHC). We analysed data from nine observational cohorts participating in the InCHEHC, including data from six high-income countries (Australia, Canada, France, the Netherlands, Spain, and Switzerland). We included individuals aged 18 years and older, with HIV and HCV (ie, HCV-RNA positive without evidence of spontaneous clearance) during unrestricted access to interferon-free direct-acting antiviral treatment in each country. We calculated the cumulative proportion of participants who remained untreated with direct-acting antivirals, with follow-up starting after the date of unrestricted access or cohort inclusion, whichever occurred most recently. Factors associated with the commencement rate of direct-acting antiviral treatment were assessed using competing-risks regression with the Fine-Gray method. FINDINGS The date of unrestricted access to direct-acting antiviral treatment for people with HIV ranged from Nov 1, 2014, in France to Nov 1, 2017, in Switzerland. We included 4552 individuals with HIV-HCV, mainly men who have sex with men (MSM; n=2156 [47%]) and people who inject or have injected drugs (n=1453 [32%]). 1365 (30%) of 4552 participants remained untreated with direct-acting antivirals. For individuals treated with direct-acting antivirals, median time from start of follow-up to treatment was 5 months (IQR 2-12). For individuals who were not treated with direct-acting antivirals, median follow-up was 22 months (8-30). Being linked to care in Australia, France, or the Netherlands, on antiretroviral therapy, having undetectable HIV RNA, and shorter duration since first positive HCV test were independently associated with higher commencement rate of direct-acting antiviral treatment. Compared with MSM, male heterosexuals and females with unknown or other routes of HIV transmission (ie, neither injection drug use nor heterosexual transmission) had lower rates of commencement. INTERPRETATION Despite unrestricted access, almost a third of individuals with HIV-HCV remained untreated with direct-acting antivirals during follow-up, with variation in commencement rate of HCV treatment between countries and key populations. Increased efforts are required to reach the remaining individuals with HIV who are HCV-viraemic to achieve HIV-HCV micro-elimination. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cas J Isfordink
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anders Boyd
- Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases, Research, and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rachel Sacks-Davis
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Doherty Institute and School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniela K van Santen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases, Research, and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Colette Smit
- Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Mark Stoove
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Juan Berenguer
- Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda Wittkop
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Institut Bergonié, BPH, U1219, CIC-EC 1401, Bordeaux, France; INRIA, Talence, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Information Médicale, INSERM, Institut Bergonié, CIC-EC 1401, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marina B Klein
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Chronic Viral Illness Service, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andri Rauch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Salmon
- Service Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, AP-HP Centre, Hôspital Cochin Hôtel Dieu, Paris, France
| | - Karine Lacombe
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, Paris, France
| | - Ashleigh Stewart
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Section of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joseph S Doyle
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Margaret Hellard
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Doherty Institute and School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Gail V Matthews
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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10
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Hage K, Boyd A, Davidovich U, Zantkuijl P, Hoornenborg E, Matser A, Generaal E, Schinkel J, Todesco E, van der Valk M, Rougier H, Lacombe K, Prins M. Evaluating interventions to reduce behaviour associated with HCV reinfection in men who have sex with men: study protocol for a non-blinded, phase 2, randomised trial. Trials 2023; 24:193. [PMID: 36922871 PMCID: PMC10015546 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As highly effective therapy against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is available with rapid uptake, there is newfound optimism for HCV elimination. Nevertheless, certain key populations have a high risk of HCV reinfection, in particular men who have sex with men (MSM) in Western European countries. Modelling data indicate that HCV elimination will not be feasible without reduction in risk behaviour, thus supporting the need for effective interventions aimed at reducing risk behaviour and preventing reinfections in MSM. METHODS The ICECREAM study is an international, multi-centred, phase 2, 3-arm randomised trial comparing run-in and intervention periods enrolling MSM with a history of a cured or spontaneously cleared HCV infection. Individuals are followed in routine care for 6 months (i.e. run-in period) and then randomly allocated (1:1:1) to one of the following: a tailored, interactive online risk-reduction behavioural intervention, a validated home-based HCV-RNA self-sampling test service using dried blood spots, or a combination of both. After randomisation, individuals are followed every 6 months until 18 months (i.e. intervention period). Interventions are delivered in addition to standard of care. Online questionnaire measuring risk behaviour over the past 6 months is administered at every visit. The primary outcome is the proportion at risk of HCV infection during run-in versus intervention periods assessed by using the HCV-MOSAIC risk score. The risk score consists of six self-reported HCV-related risk behaviours. Secondary outcomes include incidence of HCV reinfection, changes in the individual risk behaviour items and changes in sexual well-being since changes in sexual behaviour may have an impact on sexual experience. Two hundred forty-six MSM aged 18 years or older will be invited to participate. DISCUSSION The ICECREAM study is a trial aimed at establishing interventions that could effectively decrease the incidence of HCV re-infection in MSM with a previous HCV infection. By offering an online behavioural risk-reduction intervention and HCV-RNA self-sampling, both of which are aimed to influence risk behaviour, we are able to provide products to at-risk MSM that could further reduce population-level HCV incidence and ultimately help reach HCV micro-elimination. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04156945. Registered on November 8, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Hage
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Anders Boyd
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Stichting hiv monitoring, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Udi Davidovich
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Elske Hoornenborg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amy Matser
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen Generaal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control (Cib), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eve Todesco
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Laboratoire de virologie, Paris, France
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Stichting hiv monitoring, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hayette Rougier
- IMEA, Institut de Médecine et d'Épidémiologie Appliquée, Paris, France
| | - Karine Lacombe
- Faculté de médecine, Sorbonne Université, Inserm IPLESP, Hôpital St Antoine, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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11
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Overbosch FW, Schinkel J, Matser A, Koen G, Prange I, Prins M, Sonder GJB. Dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus infections among Dutch travellers to Suriname: a prospective study during the introduction of chikungunya and Zika virus, 2014 to 2017. Euro Surveill 2023; 28:2200344. [PMID: 36695478 PMCID: PMC9837856 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2023.28.2.2200344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSuriname, a country endemic for dengue virus (DENV), is a popular destination for Dutch travellers visiting friends and relatives and tourist travellers. Chikungunya and Zika virus (CHIKV, ZIKV) were introduced in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Data on infection risks among travellers are limited.AimWe aimed to prospectively study incidence rate (IR) and determinants for DENV, ZIKV and CHIKV infection in adult travellers to Suriname from 2014 through 2017.MethodsParticipants kept a travel diary and were tested for anti-DENV, anti-ZIKV and anti-CHIKV IgG antibodies (Euroimmun). Selected samples were subjected to an in-house DENV and ZIKV PRNT50. The IR (infections/1,000 person-months of travel) and IR ratio and determinants for infection were calculated.ResultsTravel-acquired infections were found in 21 of 481 participants: 18 DENV, four ZIKV and two CHIKV, yielding an IRDENV of 47.0 (95% CI: 29.6-74.6), IRZIKV of 11.6 (95% CI: 4.4-31.0) and IRCHIKV of 5.6 (95% CI: 1.4-22.2)/1,000 person-months. In nine DENV and three ZIKV infected participants, infections were PRNT50-confirmed, yielding a lower IRDENV of 23.3 (95% CI: 12.1-44.8) and an IRZIKV of 8.4 (95% CI: 2.7-26.1) per 1,000 person-months. Tourist travel was associated with DENV infection. ZIKV and CHIKV infections occurred soon after their reported introductions.ConclusionsDespite an overestimation of serologically confirmed infections, Dutch travellers to Suriname, especially tourists, are at substantial risk of DENV infection. As expected, the risk of contracting ZIKV and CHIKV was highest during outbreaks. Cross-reaction and potential cross-protection of anti-DENV and -ZIKV antibodies should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke W Overbosch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service (GGD), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amy Matser
- Department of Infectious Diseases Research and Prevention, Public Health Service (GGD), Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AIII), Amsterdam UMC, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Koen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Irene Prange
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service (GGD), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases Research and Prevention, Public Health Service (GGD), Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AIII), Amsterdam UMC, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard JB Sonder
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service (GGD), Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AIII), Amsterdam UMC, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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12
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Chumbe A, Urbanowicz RA, Sliepen K, Koekkoek SM, Molenkamp R, Tarr AW, Ball JK, Schinkel J, van Gils MJ. Optimization of the pseudoparticle system for standardized assessments of neutralizing antibodies against hepatitis C virus. J Gen Virol 2022; 103. [PMID: 36399377 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the antibody response during natural infection and the effect on disease progression and reinfection is necessary for the development of a protective hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine. The HCV pseudoparticle (HCVpp) system enables the study of viral entry and inhibition by antibody neutralization. A robust and comparable neutralization assay is crucial for the development and evaluation of experimental vaccines.With the aim of optimizing the HCVpp-murine leukaemia virus (MLV) system, we tested the neutralization of HCVpp-harbouring E1E2 from 21 HCV isolates representing 6 different genotypes by several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). HCVpps are generated by expressing functional envelope glycoproteins (E1E2) onto pseudoparticles derived from env-deleted MLV. Adjustments of E1E2, gag-pol and luciferase plasmid ratios resulted in increased yields for most HCVpps and recovery of one non-infectious HCVpp. We simplified and improved the protocol to achieve higher signal/noise ratios and minimized the amount of HCVpps and mAbs needed for the detection of neutralization. Using our optimized protocol, we demonstrated comparable results to previously reported data with both diluted and freeze-thawed HCVpps.In conclusion, we successfully established a simplified and reproducible HCVpp neutralization protocol for studying a wide range of HCV variants. This simplified protocol provides highly consistent results and could be easily adopted by others to evaluate precious biological material. This will contribute to a better understanding of the antibody response during natural infection and help evaluate experimental HCV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Chumbe
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Richard A Urbanowicz
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Research, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sylvie M Koekkoek
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Alexander W Tarr
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Research, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jonathan K Ball
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Research, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marit J van Gils
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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13
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de la Peña AT, Sliepen K, Eshun-Wilson L, Newby ML, Allen JD, Zon I, Koekkoek S, Chumbe A, Crispin M, Schinkel J, Lander GC, Sanders RW, Ward AB. Structure of the hepatitis C virus E1E2 glycoprotein complex. Science 2022; 378:263-269. [PMID: 36264808 PMCID: PMC10512783 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn9884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma in humans and afflicts more than 58 million people worldwide. The HCV envelope E1 and E2 glycoproteins are essential for viral entry and comprise the primary antigenic target for neutralizing antibody responses. The molecular mechanisms of E1E2 assembly, as well as how the E1E2 heterodimer binds broadly neutralizing antibodies, remain elusive. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the membrane-extracted full-length E1E2 heterodimer in complex with three broadly neutralizing antibodies-AR4A, AT1209, and IGH505-at ~3.5-angstrom resolution. We resolve the interface between the E1 and E2 ectodomains and deliver a blueprint for the rational design of vaccine immunogens and antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Torrents de la Peña
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lisa Eshun-Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Maddy L. Newby
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Joel D. Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ian Zon
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sylvie Koekkoek
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ana Chumbe
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gabriel C. Lander
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rogier W. Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrew B. Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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14
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Isfordink C, Boyd A, Mocroft A, Kusejko K, Smit C, de Wit S, Mahungu T, Falconer K, Wandeler G, Cavassini M, Stöckle M, Schinkel J, Rauch A, Peters L, van der Valk M. Low risk of failing direct-acting antivirals in people with HIV/HCV from Sub-Saharan Africa or Southeastern Asia: a European cross-sectional study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac508. [PMID: 36320198 PMCID: PMC9605702 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have reported suboptimal efficacy of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) subtypes endemic to sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Southeastern Asia (SEA). The extent of this issue in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV from SSA or SEA residing in Europe is unknown. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from several prospective European cohorts of people living with HIV. We included individuals with HIV/HCV who originated from SSA or SEA, were treated with interferon-free DAAs, and had an available HCV RNA result ≥12 weeks after the end of treatment. The primary outcome was sustained virological response at least 12 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR12). Results Of the 3293 individuals with HIV/HCV treated with DAA and with available SVR12 data, 142 were from SSA (n = 64) and SEA (n = 78). SVR12 was achieved by 60 (94% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 86%–98%]) individuals from SSA and 76 (97% [95% CI, 92%–99%]) from SEA. The genotypes of the 6 individuals failing DAA treatment were 2, 3a, 3h, 4a, 4c, and 6j. For 2 of the 4 unsuccessfully treated individuals with available sequence data at treatment failure, NS5A resistance-associated substitutions were present (30R/93S in an individual with genotype 4c and 31M in an individual with genotype 6j). Conclusions SVR12 rates were high in individuals with HIV/HCV residing in Europe and originating from regions where intrinsically NS5A-resistant HCV strains are endemic. HCV elimination for this population in Europe is unlikely to be hampered by suboptimal DAA efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cas Isfordink
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht , Utrecht , the Netherlands
| | - Anders Boyd
- Stichting hiv monitoring , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Amanda Mocroft
- Centre for Clinical Research, Epidemiology, Modelling and Evaluation (CREME), Institute for Global Health, University College London , London , United Kingdom
- Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections (CHIP), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Katharina Kusejko
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Institute of Medical Virology , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Colette Smit
- Stichting hiv monitoring , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Stephane de Wit
- Division of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Tabitha Mahungu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Free Hospital London NHS Foundation Trust , London , United Kingdom
| | - Karolin Falconer
- Department of Infectious Diseases/Venhälsan , Södersjukhuset, Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Gilles Wandeler
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Matthias Cavassini
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Marcel Stöckle
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, Section of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Andri Rauch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Lars Peters
- Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections (CHIP), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
- Stichting hiv monitoring , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
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15
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de Stoppelaar SF, Hoornenborg E, van Rijckevorsel G, Vollaard A, Brandwagt DAH, de Vries HJC, Schinkel J, Welkers MRA, Goorhuis A. [Monkeypox, a new pandemic?]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2022; 166:D7054. [PMID: 36300487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Monkeypox (MPX) is a disease caused by the monkeypox virus. It is a viral zoonotic disease, endemic in Central and West Africa. Human-to-human spread also occurs and is a feature of the current global outbreak. As far as we know, exponential transmission during this outbreak is not related to changed viral characteristics but due to multiple high-risk contacts in a subset of people that have contracted the virus, so far almost exclusively affecting men who have sex with men (MSM). Appropriate public health measures and increased alertness of all health care providers is needed to increase case-finding and decrease transmission. There is a real chance of MPX to become endemic in large parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sacha F de Stoppelaar
- Amsterdam Universitair Medisch Centrum, afd. Interne Geneeskunde-Infectieziekten, Amsterdam
- Contact: Sacha F. de Stoppelaar
| | | | | | - Albert Vollaard
- RIVM, Landelijke Coördinatie Infectieziektenbestrijding, Bilthhoven
| | | | | | - Janke Schinkel
- Amsterdam Universitair Medisch Centrum, afd. Medische Microbiologie, Amsterdam
| | | | - A Goorhuis
- Amsterdam Universitair Medisch Centrum, afd. Interne Geneeskunde-Infectieziekten, Amsterdam
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16
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Prinsenberg T, Schinkel J, Zantkuijl P, Davidovich U, Prins M, van der Valk M. Internet-guided HCV-RNA testing: A promising tool to achieve hepatitis C micro-elimination among men who have sex with men. J Viral Hepat 2022; 29:677-684. [PMID: 35583928 PMCID: PMC9545250 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In the Netherlands, hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission occurs primarily in men who have sex with men (MSM). By early diagnosis and immediate treatment of acute HCV infections, HCV micro-elimination in MSM is within reach. In cooperation with the community affected, we developed an online HCV-RNA home-based self-sampling test service. This service combined online HCV self-risk assessment with the possibility to test anonymously for HCV-RNA. The service was available in the Netherlands from February 2018 till December 2020 and was promoted online on various dating sites and offline by community volunteers. Using website user data, test results and an online post-test user survey, we evaluated the service and user experiences. The website page with information about testing was visited by 3401 unique users, of whom 2250 used the HCV-risk assessment tool, 152 individuals purchased 194 HCV-RNA tests, and 104 tests were used, of which 101 gave a conclusive result. The target population of MSM at risk was successfully reached with 44.1% of users receiving the advice to test. The test service had a satisfactory uptake (6.8%, 152/2250), a very high HCV-RNA positivity rate (10.9%, 11/101) and was considered acceptable and easy to use by most MSM. We demonstrate that an HCV-RNA home-based self-sampling test service is successful in diagnosing HCV infections among MSM. This service could be a valuable addition to existing sexual healthcare services as it may reach men who are otherwise not tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Prinsenberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Infectious Diseases Research and PreventionPublic Health Service of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Udi Davidovich
- Department of Infectious Diseases Research and PreventionPublic Health Service of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Social PsychologyUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Infectious Diseases Research and PreventionPublic Health Service of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands,HIV Monitoring FoundationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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17
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Kolodziej L, Hordijk S, Koopsen J, Maas J, Thung H, Spijkerman I, Jonges M, Bomers M, Sikkens J, de Jong M, Zonneveld R, Schinkel J. Risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission upon return to work in RNA-positive healthcare workers. J Hosp Infect 2022; 124:72-78. [PMID: 35288252 PMCID: PMC8916832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and for spreading severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) amongst colleagues and patients. AIM To study the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and possible onward transmission by HCWs upon return to work after COVID-19, and association with disease severity and development of antibodies over time. METHODS Unvaccinated HCWs with positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were recruited prospectively. Data on symptoms were collected via telephone questionnaires on days 2, 7, 14 and 21 after a positive test. Upon return to work, repeat SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR was performed and serum was collected. Repeat serum samples were collected at weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16 to determine antibody dynamics over time. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to investigate possible transmission events originating from HCWs with a positive repeat RT-PCR. FINDINGS Sixty-one (84.7%) participants with mild/moderate COVID-19 had a repeat SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR performed upon return to work (median 13 days after symptom onset), of which 30 (49.1%) were positive with a median cycle threshold (Ct) value of 29.2 (IQR 26.9-29.9). All HCWs developed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. No significant differences in symptomatology and presence of antibodies were found between repeat RT-PCR-positive and -negative HCWs. Eleven direct colleagues of six participants with a repeat RT-PCR Ct value <30 tested positive after the HCW returned to work. Phylogenetic and epidemiologic analysis did not indicate onward transmission through HCWs who were SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive upon return to work. CONCLUSIONS HCWs regularly return to work with substantial SARS-CoV-2 RNA loads. However, this study found no evidence for subsequent in-hospital transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.M. Kolodziej
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Corresponding author. Address: Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Tel.: + 316 19809909. (L.M. Kolodziej)
| | - S. Hordijk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J. Koopsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J.J. Maas
- Department of Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H.T. Thung
- Department of Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - I.J.B. Spijkerman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M. Jonges
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M.K. Bomers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J.J. Sikkens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M.D. de Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R. Zonneveld
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J. Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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18
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Koopsen J, van Ewijk CE, Bavalia R, Cornelissen A, Bruisten SM, de Gee F, Han AX, de Jong M, de Jong MD, Jonges M, Khawaja N, Koene FM, van der Lubben M, Mikulic I, Rebers SP, Russell CA, Schinkel J, Schreijer AJ, den Uil JA, Welkers MR, Leenstra T. Epidemiologic and Genomic Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Superspreading Event in Nightclub, the Netherlands, June 2021. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:1012-1016. [PMID: 35271792 PMCID: PMC9045423 DOI: 10.3201/eid2805.212019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 superspreading event in the Netherlands after distancing rules were lifted in nightclubs, despite requiring a negative test or vaccination. This occurrence illustrates the potential for rapid dissemination of variants in largely unvaccinated populations under such conditions. We detected subsequent community transmission of this strain.
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19
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Coyer L, Boyd A, Schinkel J, Agyemang C, Galenkamp H, Koopman AD, Leenstra T, van Duijnhoven YT, Moll van Charante EP, van den Born BJH, Lok A, Verhoeff A, Zwinderman AH, Jurriaans S, Stronks K, Prins M. Differences in SARS-CoV-2 infections during the first and second wave of SARS-CoV-2 between six ethnic groups in Amsterdam, the Netherlands: A population-based longitudinal serological study. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022; 13:100284. [PMID: 34927120 PMCID: PMC8668416 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surveillance data in high-income countries have reported more frequent SARS-CoV-2 diagnoses in ethnic minority groups. We examined the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 and its determinants in six ethnic groups in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. METHODS We analysed participants enrolled in the population-based HELIUS cohort, who were tested for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and answered COVID-19-related questions between June 24-October 9, 2020 (after the first wave) and November 23, 2020-March 31, 2021 (during the second wave). We modelled SARS-CoV-2 incidence from January 1, 2020-March 31, 2021 using Markov models adjusted for age and sex. We compared incidence between ethnic groups over time and identified determinants of incident infection within ethnic groups. FINDINGS 2,497 participants were tested after the first wave; 2,083 (83·4%) were tested during the second wave. Median age at first visit was 54 years (interquartile range=44-61); 56·6% were female. Compared to Dutch-origin participants (15·9%), cumulative SARS-CoV-2 incidence was higher in participants of South-Asian Surinamese (25·0%; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]=1·66; 95%CI=1·16-2·40), African Surinamese (28·9%, aHR=1·97; 95%CI=1·37-2·83), Turkish (37·0%; aHR=2·67; 95%CI=1·89-3·78), Moroccan (41·9%; aHR=3·13; 95%CI=2·22-4·42), and Ghanaian (64·6%; aHR=6·00; 95%CI=4·33-8·30) origin. Compared to those of Dutch origin, differences in incidence became wider during the second versus first wave for all ethnic minority groups (all p-values for interaction<0·05), except Ghanaians. Having household members with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection, larger household size, and low health literacy were common determinants of SARS-CoV-2 incidence across groups. INTERPRETATION SARS-CoV-2 incidence was higher in the largest ethnic minority groups of Amsterdam, particularly during the second wave. Prevention measures, including vaccination, should be encouraged in these groups. FUNDING ZonMw, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Dutch Heart Foundation, European Union, European Fund for the Integration of non-EU immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Coyer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anders Boyd
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henrike Galenkamp
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anitra D.M. Koopman
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tjalling Leenstra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Eric P. Moll van Charante
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of General Practice, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bert-Jan H. van den Born
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anja Lok
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Center for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arnoud Verhoeff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion & Healthcare Innovation, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Sociology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aeilko H. Zwinderman
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Jurriaans
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karien Stronks
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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20
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Coyer L, Boyd A, Schinkel J, Agyemang C, Galenkamp H, Koopman ADM, Leenstra T, Moll van Charante EP, van den Born BJH, Lok A, Verhoeff A, Zwinderman AH, Jurriaans S, van Vught LA, Stronks K, Prins M. SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence and correlates of six ethnic groups living in Amsterdam, the Netherlands: a population-based cross-sectional study, June-October 2020. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e052752. [PMID: 34992110 PMCID: PMC8739540 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been suggested that ethnic minorities have been disproportionally affected by the COVID-19. We aimed to determine whether prevalence and correlates of past SARS-CoV-2 exposure varied between six ethnic groups in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS Participants aged 25-79 years enrolled in the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting population-based prospective cohort (n=16 889) were randomly selected within ethnic groups and invited to participate in a cross-sectional COVID-19 seroprevalence substudy. OUTCOME MEASURES We tested participants for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and collected information on SARS-CoV-2 exposures. We estimated prevalence and correlates of SARS-CoV-2 exposure within ethnic groups using survey-weighted logistic regression adjusting for age, sex and calendar time. RESULTS Between 24 June and 9 October 2020, we included 2497 participants. Adjusted SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was comparable between ethnic Dutch (24/498; 5.1%, 95% CI 2.8% to 7.4%), South-Asian Surinamese (22/451; 4.9%, 95% CI 2.2% to 7.7%), African Surinamese (22/400; 8.3%, 95% CI 3.1% to 13.6%), Turkish (30/408; 7.9%, 95% CI 4.4% to 11.4%) and Moroccan (32/391; 7.2%, 95% CI 4.2% to 10.1%) participants, but higher among Ghanaians (95/327; 26.3%, 95% CI 18.5% to 34.0%). 57.1% of SARS-CoV-2-positive participants did not suspect or were unsure of being infected, which was lowest in African Surinamese (18.2%) and highest in Ghanaians (90.5%). Correlates of SARS-CoV-2 exposure varied across ethnic groups, while the most common correlate was having a household member suspected of infection. In Ghanaians, seropositivity was associated with older age, larger household sizes, living with small children, leaving home to work and attending religious services. CONCLUSIONS No remarkable differences in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence were observed between the largest ethnic groups in Amsterdam after the first wave of infections. The higher infection seroprevalence observed among Ghanaians, which passed mostly unnoticed, warrants wider prevention efforts and opportunities for non-symptom-based testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Coyer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anders Boyd
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henrike Galenkamp
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anitra D M Koopman
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tjalling Leenstra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric P Moll van Charante
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bert-Jan H van den Born
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anja Lok
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Center for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud Verhoeff
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion and Healthcare Innovation, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aeilko H Zwinderman
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Jurriaans
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke A van Vught
- Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karien Stronks
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Koopsen J, Dekker M, Thung P, Jonges M, Vennema H, Leenstra T, Eggink D, Welkers MRA, Struijs PAA, Reusken C, van Mansfeld R, de Jong MD, Schinkel J, Spijkerman IJB. Rapid reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 variant-of-concern Alpha detected in a nurse during an outbreak at a non-covid inpatient ward: lessons learned. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2021; 10:137. [PMID: 34565476 PMCID: PMC8474951 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-021-01008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the lessons learned during a SARS-CoV-2 variant-of-concern Alpha outbreak investigation at a normal care unit in a university hospital in Amsterdam in December 2020. The outbreak consisted of nine nurses and two roomed-in patient family members. (attack rate 18%). One nurse tested positive with a phylogenetically distinct variant, after a documented infection 83 days prior. Three key points were taken from this investigation. First, it was controlled by adherence to existing guidelines, despite increased transmissibility of the variant. Second, viral sequencing can inform transmission cluster inference, but the epidemiological context is essential to draw appropriate conclusions. Third, reinfections with Alpha variants can occur rapidly after primary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Koopsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mireille Dekker
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Philip Thung
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Jonges
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Vennema
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, WHO COVID-19 Reference Laboratory, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tjalling Leenstra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Eggink
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, WHO COVID-19 Reference Laboratory, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs R A Welkers
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A A Struijs
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chantal Reusken
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, WHO COVID-19 Reference Laboratory, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rosa van Mansfeld
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Menno D de Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid J B Spijkerman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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22
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Newsum AM, Matser A, Schinkel J, van der Valk M, Brinkman K, van Eeden A, Lauw FN, Rijnders BJA, van de Laar TJW, van de Kerkhof M, Smit C, Boyd A, Arends JE, Prins M. Incidence of HCV Reinfection Among HIV-Positive MSM and Its Association With Sexual Risk Behavior: A Longitudinal Analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:460-467. [PMID: 32459339 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection following clearance of HCV, but risk factors specifically for reinfection have never been comprehensively assessed. METHODS Using data from a prospective observational cohort study among HIV-positive MSM with an acute HCV infection (MOSAIC), the incidence of HCV reinfection following spontaneous clearance or successful treatment was assessed. A univariable Bayesian exponential survival model was used to identify risk factors associated with HCV reinfection. RESULTS In total, 122 HIV-positive MSM who had a spontaneously cleared or successfully treated HCV infection between 2003 and 2017 were included. During a median follow-up of 1.4 years (interquartile range [IQR] 0.5-3.8), 34 HCV reinfections were observed in 28 patients. The incidence of HCV reinfection was 11.5/100 person-years and among those with reinfection, median time to reinfection was 1.3 years (IQR 0.6-2.7). HCV reinfection was associated with receptive condomless anal intercourse, sharing of sex toys, group sex, anal rinsing before sex, ≥10 casual sex partners in the last 6 months, nadir CD4 cell count <200 cells/mm3, and recent CD4 cell count <500 cells/mm3. CONCLUSIONS Incidence of HCV reinfection was high and strongly associated with sexual risk behavior, highlighting the need for interventions to reduce risk behavior and prevent HCV reinfections among HIV-positive MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid M Newsum
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amy Matser
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kees Brinkman
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arne van Eeden
- HIV Focus Center, DC Kliniek Lairesse, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fanny N Lauw
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Jan van Goyen, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bart J A Rijnders
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thijs J W van de Laar
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Laboratory of Blood-Borne Infections, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marita van de Kerkhof
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Colette Smit
- Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anders Boyd
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joop E Arends
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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23
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Isfordink CJ, van de Laar TJW, Rebers SPH, Wessels E, Molenkamp R, Knoester M, Baak BC, van Nieuwkoop C, van Hoek B, Brakenhoff SM, Blokzijl H, Arends JE, van der Valk M, Schinkel J. Erratum to: Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment for Hepatitis C Genotypes Uncommon in High-Income Countries: A Dutch Nationwide Cohort Study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab197. [PMID: 34377722 PMCID: PMC8339608 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cas J Isfordink
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thijs J W van de Laar
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Laboratory of Blood-borne infections, Sanquin Research, Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd P H Rebers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Els Wessels
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Richard Molenkamp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Knoester
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bert C Baak
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis locatie Oost, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cees van Nieuwkoop
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van Hoek
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sylvia M Brakenhoff
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Blokzijl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joop E Arends
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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24
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Sikkens JJ, Buis DTP, Peters EJG, Dekker M, Schinkel M, Reijnders TDY, Schuurman AR, de Brabander J, Lavell AHA, Maas JJ, Koopsen J, Han AX, Russell CA, Schinkel J, Jonges M, Matamoros S, Jurriaans S, van Mansfeld R, Wiersinga WJ, Smulders YM, de Jong MD, Bomers MK. Serologic Surveillance and Phylogenetic Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Hospital Health Care Workers. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2118554. [PMID: 34319354 PMCID: PMC9437910 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.18554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE It is unclear when, where, and by whom health care workers (HCWs) working in hospitals are infected with SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVE To determine how often and in what manner nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection occurs in HCW groups with varying exposure to patients with COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study comprised 4 weekly measurements of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and collection of questionnaires from March 23 to June 25, 2020, combined with phylogenetic and epidemiologic transmission analyses at 2 university hospitals in the Netherlands. Included individuals were HCWs working in patient care for those with COVID-19, HCWs working in patient care for those without COVID-19, and HCWs not working in patient care. Data were analyzed from August through December 2020. EXPOSURES Varying work-related exposure to patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The cumulative incidence of and time to SARS-CoV-2 infection, defined as the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in blood samples, were measured. RESULTS Among 801 HCWs, there were 439 HCWs working in patient care for those with COVID-19, 164 HCWs working in patient care for those without COVID-19, and 198 HCWs not working in patient care. There were 580 (72.4%) women, and the median (interquartile range) age was 36 (29-50) years. The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 was increased among HCWs working in patient care for those with COVID-19 (54 HCWs [13.2%; 95% CI, 9.9%-16.4%]) compared with HCWs working in patient care for those without COVID-19 (11 HCWs [6.7%; 95% CI, 2.8%-10.5%]; hazard ratio [HR], 2.25; 95% CI, 1.17-4.30) and HCWs not working in patient care (7 HCWs [3.6%; 95% CI, 0.9%-6.1%]; HR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.79-8.62). Among HCWs caring for patients with COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 cumulative incidence was increased among HCWs working on COVID-19 wards (32 of 134 HCWs [25.7%; 95% CI, 17.6%-33.1%]) compared with HCWs working on intensive care units (13 of 186 HCWs [7.1%; 95% CI, 3.3%-10.7%]; HR, 3.64; 95% CI, 1.91-6.94), and HCWs working in emergency departments (7 of 102 HCWs [8.0%; 95% CI, 2.5%-13.1%]; HR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.52-7.14). Epidemiologic data combined with phylogenetic analyses on COVID-19 wards identified 3 potential HCW-to-HCW transmission clusters. No patient-to-HCW transmission clusters could be identified in transmission analyses. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that HCWs working on COVID-19 wards were at increased risk for nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection with an important role for HCW-to-HCW transmission. These findings suggest that infection among HCWs deserves more consideration in infection prevention practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonne J. Sikkens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam
Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije
Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David T. P. Buis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam
Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije
Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Edgar J. G. Peters
- Section Infectious Diseases, Department of
Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University
Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mireille Dekker
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection
Prevention, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical
Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel Schinkel
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine,
Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers,
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom D. Y. Reijnders
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine,
Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers,
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex. R. Schuurman
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine,
Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers,
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Justin de Brabander
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine,
Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers,
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A. H. Ayesha Lavell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam
Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije
Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap J. Maas
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety,
Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the
Netherlands
| | - Jelle Koopsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection
Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alvin X. Han
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection
Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Colin A. Russell
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection
Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection
Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel Jonges
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection
Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sébastien Matamoros
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection
Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Jurriaans
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection
Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rosa van Mansfeld
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection
Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W. Joost Wiersinga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of
Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University
Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yvo M. Smulders
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam
Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije
Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Menno D. de Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection
Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marije K. Bomers
- Section Infectious Diseases, Department of
Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University
Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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25
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Koopsen J, Parker E, Han AX, van de Laar T, Russell C, Hoornenborg E, Prins M, van der Valk M, Schinkel J. Hepatitis C Virus Transmission Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Amsterdam: External Introductions May Complicate Microelimination Efforts. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 72:e1056-e1063. [PMID: 33289036 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether unrestricted access and high uptake of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) is sufficient to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) in high-risk populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM). This study presents historic trends and current dynamics of HCV transmission among MSM in Amsterdam based on sequence data collected between 1994 and 2019. METHODS Hypervariable region 1 sequences of 232 primary HCV infections and 56 reinfections were obtained from 244 MSM in care in Amsterdam. Maximum-likelihood phylogenies were constructed for HCV genotypes separately, and time-scaled phylogenies were constructed using a Bayesian coalescent approach. Transmission clusters were determined by Phydelity and trends in the proportion of unclustered sequences over time were evaluated using logistic regression. RESULTS Seventy-six percent (218/288) of sequences were part of 21 transmission clusters and 13 transmission pairs. Transmission cluster sizes ranged from 3 to 44 sequences. Most clusters were introduced between the late 1990s and early 2010s and no new clusters were introduced after 2012. The proportion of unclustered sequences of subtype 1a, the most prevalent subtype in this population, fluctuated between 0% and 20% in 2009-2012, after which an increase occurred from 0% in 2012 to 50% in 2018. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of external introductions of HCV infections among MSM in Amsterdam has recently increased, coinciding with high DAA uptake. Frequent international transmission events will likely complicate local microelimination efforts. Therefore, international collaboration combined with international scale-up of prevention, testing, and treatment of HCV infections (including reinfections) is warranted, in particular for local microelimination efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Koopsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Applied Evolutionary Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edyth Parker
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Applied Evolutionary Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alvin X Han
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Applied Evolutionary Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs van de Laar
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Laboratory of Blood-borne Infections, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Colin Russell
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Applied Evolutionary Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elske Hoornenborg
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Outpatient Clinic, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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26
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Kalemera MD, Capella-Pujol J, Chumbe A, Underwood A, Bull RA, Schinkel J, Sliepen K, Grove J. Optimized cell systems for the investigation of hepatitis C virus E1E2 glycoproteins. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 33147126 PMCID: PMC8116788 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Great strides have been made in understanding and treating hepatitis C virus (HCV) thanks to the development of various experimental systems including cell-culture-proficient HCV, the HCV pseudoparticle system and soluble envelope glycoproteins. The HCV pseudoparticle (HCVpp) system is a platform used extensively in studies of cell entry, screening of novel entry inhibitors, assessing the phenotypes of clinically observed E1 and E2 glycoproteins and, most pertinently, in characterizing neutralizing antibody breadth induced upon vaccination and natural infection in patients. Nonetheless, some patient-derived clones produce pseudoparticles that are either non-infectious or exhibit infectivity too low for meaningful phenotyping. The mechanisms governing whether any particular clone produces infectious pseudoparticles are poorly understood. Here we show that endogenous expression of CD81, an HCV receptor and a cognate-binding partner of E2, in producer HEK 293T cells is detrimental to the infectivity of recovered HCVpp for most strains. Many HCVpp clones exhibited increased infectivity or had their infectivity rescued when they were produced in 293T cells CRISPR/Cas9 engineered to ablate CD81 expression (293TCD81KO). Clones made in 293TCD81KO cells were antigenically very similar to their matched counterparts made parental cells and appear to honour the accepted HCV entry pathway. Deletion of CD81 did not appreciably increase the recovered titres of soluble E2 (sE2). However, we did, unexpectedly, find that monomeric sE2 made in 293T cells and Freestyle 293-F (293-F) cells exhibit important differences. We found that 293-F-produced sE2 harbours mostly complex-type glycans whilst 293T-produced sE2 displays a heterogeneous mixture of both complex-type glycans and high-mannose or hybrid-type glycans. Moreover, sE2 produced in 293T cells is antigenically superior; exhibiting increased binding to conformational antibodies and the large extracellular loop of CD81. In summary, this work describes an optimal cell line for the production of HCVpp and reveals that sE2 made in 293T and 293-F cells are not antigenic equals. Our findings have implications for functional studies of E1E2 and the production of candidate immunogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mphatso D Kalemera
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, The Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joan Capella-Pujol
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Chumbe
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Underwood
- Viral Immunology Systems Program, The Kirby Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rowena A Bull
- Viral Immunology Systems Program, The Kirby Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joe Grove
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, The Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
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27
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Isfordink CJ, van de Laar TJW, Rebers SPH, Wessels E, Molenkamp R, Knoester M, Baak BC, van Nieuwkoop C, van Hoek B, Brakenhoff SM, Blokzijl H, Arends JE, van der Valk M, Schinkel J. Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment for Hepatitis C Genotypes Uncommon in High-Income Countries: A Dutch Nationwide Cohort Study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab006. [PMID: 33614815 PMCID: PMC7881754 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The majority of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are found in low- and middle-income countries, which harbor many region-specific HCV subtypes. Nevertheless, direct-acting antiviral (DAA) trials have almost exclusively been conducted in high-income countries, where mainly epidemically spread HCV subtypes are present. Recently, several studies have demonstrated suboptimal DAA efficacy for certain nonepidemic subtypes, which could hamper global HCV elimination. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate DAA efficacy in patients treated for a nonepidemic HCV genotype infection in the Netherlands. Methods We performed a nationwide retrospective study including patients treated with interferon-free DAAs for an HCV genotype other than 1a/1b/2a/2b/3a/4a/4d. The genotype was determined by NS5B region phylogenetic analysis. The primary end point was SVR-12. If stored samples were available, NS5A and NS5B sequences were obtained for resistance-associated substitutions (RAS) evaluation. Results We included 160 patients, mainly infected with nonepidemic genotype 2 (41%) and 4 (31%) subtypes. Most patients were from Africa (45%) or South America (24%); 51 (32%) were cirrhotic. SVR-12 was achieved in 92% (140/152) of patients with available SVR-12 data. Only 73% (8/11) genotype 3–infected patients achieved SVR-12, the majority being genotype 3b patients with 63% (5/8) SVR. Regardless of SVR, all genotype 3b patients had 30K and 31M RAS. Conclusions The DAA efficacy we observed in most nonepidemic genotypes in the Netherlands seems reassuring. However, the low SVR-12 rate in subtype 3b infections is alarming, especially as it is common in several HCV-endemic countries. Alongside earlier results, our results indicate that a remaining challenge for global HCV elimination is confirming and monitoring DAA efficacy in nonepidemic genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cas J Isfordink
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thijs J W van de Laar
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Laboratory of Blood-borne infections, Sanquin Research, Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd P H Rebers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Els Wessels
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Richard Molenkamp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Knoester
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bert C Baak
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis locatie Oost, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cees van Nieuwkoop
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van Hoek
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sylvia M Brakenhoff
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Blokzijl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joop E Arends
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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28
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Smit C, Boyd A, Rijnders BJA, van de Laar TJW, Leyten EM, Bierman WF, Brinkman K, Claassen MAA, den Hollander J, Boerekamps A, Newsum AM, Schinkel J, Prins M, Arends JE, Op de Coul ELM, van der Valk M, Reiss P. HCV micro-elimination in individuals with HIV in the Netherlands 4 years after universal access to direct-acting antivirals: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet HIV 2020; 8:e96-e105. [PMID: 33357835 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3018(20)30301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the Netherlands, access to direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) against hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been unrestricted for chronic infection since 2015. We evaluated whether the nationwide incidence of HCV infections in individuals with HIV has changed since 2015. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, data from the ATHENA cohort of people with HIV aged 18 years or older attending any of the 24 HIV treatment centres in the Netherlands between 2000 and 2019 were assessed. We used parametric proportional hazards models with a piecewise exponential survival function to model HCV primary infection and reinfection incidence per 1000 person-years. FINDINGS Of the 23 590 individuals without previous HCV infection, 1269 cases of HCV primary infection were documented (incidence 5·2 per 1000 person-years [95% CI 5·0-5·5]). The highest incidence was observed in men who have sex with men (MSM; 7·7 per 1000 person-years [7·3-8·2]) and was lower in people who inject drugs (PWID; 1·7 per 1000 person-years [0·7-4·1]) and other key populations (1·0 per 1000 person-years [0·8-1·2]). In MSM, incidence increased in 2007 to 14·3 per 1000 person-years and fluctuated between 8·7 and 13·0 per 1000 person-years from 2008 to 2015. In 2016, incidence declined to 6·1 cases per 1000 person-years and remained steady between 4·1 and 4·9 per 1000 person-years from 2017 to 2019. Of the 1866 individuals with a previous HCV infection, 274 reinfections were documented (incidence 26·9 per 1000 person-years [95% CI 23·9-30·3]). The highest incidence rate was observed in MSM (38·5 per 1000 person-years [33·9-43·7]) and was lower in PWID (10·9 per 1000 person-years [3·5-33·8]) and other key populations (8·9 per 1000 person-years [6·3-12·5]). In MSM, reinfection incidence fluctuated between 38·0 and 88·9 per 1000 person-years from 2006 to 2015, reaching 55·6 per 1000 person-years in 2015. In 2016, reinfection incidence declined to 41·4 per 1000 person-years, followed by further decreases to 24·4 per 1000 person-years in 2017 and 11·4 per 1000 person-years in 2019. INTERPRETATION The sharp decline in HCV incidence in MSM with HIV shortly after restrictions on DAAs were lifted suggests a treatment-as-prevention effect. HCV incidence was already low in PWID and other groups before unrestricted access. Ongoing HCV transmission is occurring in MSM, as illustrated by a declining but high rate of reinfection, stressing the need for additional preventive measures. FUNDING Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette Smit
- Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anders Boyd
- Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Bart J A Rijnders
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thijs J W van de Laar
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Laboratory of Blood-borne Infections, Sanquin Research and Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eliane M Leyten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Medical Centre Haaglanden, Den Haag, Netherlands
| | - Wouter F Bierman
- University of Groningen, Department of Internal Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Kees Brinkman
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mark A A Claassen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Rijnstate Ziekenhuis, Arnhem, Netherlands
| | - Jan den Hollander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anne Boerekamps
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Astrid M Newsum
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joop E Arends
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Eline L M Op de Coul
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter Reiss
- Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Merat SJ, Bru C, van de Berg D, Molenkamp R, Tarr AW, Koekkoek S, Kootstra NA, Prins M, Ball JK, Bakker AQ, de Jong MD, Spits H, Beaumont T, Schinkel J. Erratum to: 'Cross-genotype AR3-specific neutralizing antibodies confer long-term protection in injecting drug users after HCV clearance' (J Hepatol 2019; 71(1): 14-24). J Hepatol 2020; 73:999-1000. [PMID: 32753312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camille Bru
- AIMM Therapeutics, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Richard Molenkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander W Tarr
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; NIHR Nottingham BRC, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sylvie Koekkoek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Neeltje A Kootstra
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan K Ball
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; NIHR Nottingham BRC, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Menno D de Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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30
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Prinsenberg T, Zantkuijl P, Zuilhof W, Davidovich U, Schinkel J, Prins M, van der Valk M. Design and Implementation of a Multilevel Intervention to Reduce Hepatitis C Transmission Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Amsterdam: Co-Creation and Usability Study. JMIR Form Res 2020; 4:e19100. [PMID: 32915157 PMCID: PMC7519430 DOI: 10.2196/19100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the Netherlands, transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) occurs primarily among men who have sex with men (MSM). Early HCV testing of at-risk MSM and immediate initiation of treatment will prevent onward transmission, but this may not be sufficient to eliminate HCV in a population with ongoing risk behaviors. Therefore, targeted socioculturally acceptable preventive measures, including behavioral interventions, are urgently needed. Currently, little contextually appropriate information about HCV or risk reduction interventions is available. Objective The objective of this project was to develop an intervention to reduce HCV transmission among MSM in Amsterdam through a co-creation process, with the input of men from the targeted community directly impacting intervention content, design, and implementation. Methods We developed a multilevel intervention targeting 6 levels: individual, community, professional, context, patient, and network. The intervention was developed in close cooperation between health professionals, gay community members, commercial stakeholders, and stakeholders from within the gay community. The co-creation process had 4 phases: a needs assessment, stakeholder engagement, co-creation, and implementation. The co-creation phase continued until consensus was reached between the researchers and community members on the intervention content and design. The final intervention, NoMoreC, was completed within 2 years, and implementation started in February 2018. Results NoMoreC includes web-based and face-to-face components as well as an anonymous HCV testing service. The NoMoreC website provides information about hepatitis C, HCV transmission routes, risk reduction strategies, testing and treatment options, and partner notification. The face-to-face component comprises a risk reduction toolbox, training for health professionals, and providing tailored advice to sex on premises venues. NoMoreC is promoted by an active voluntary campaign team. Conclusions Involving the community and stakeholders in the creation of NoMoreC has been the main strength of this project. It has resulted in an intervention with various components that resonates with the gay community at risk of HCV infection. The uptake and acceptability of the described intervention will be evaluated in the future. The description of the co-creation process and implementation of the project may serve as a rich and useful source for others who want to develop culturally and context appropriate HCV interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Prinsenberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Udi Davidovich
- Department of Infectious Diseases Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Social Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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31
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Korevaar DA, Kootte RS, Smits LP, van den Aardweg JG, Bonta PI, Schinkel J, Vigeveno RM, van den Berk IAH, Scheerder MJ, Lemkes BA, Goorhuis A, Beenen LFM, Annema JT. Added value of chest computed tomography in suspected COVID-19: an analysis of 239 patients. Eur Respir J 2020; 56:2001377. [PMID: 32675202 PMCID: PMC7366173 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01377-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, clinicians have been struggling with the optimal diagnostic approach of suspected patients. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing of respiratory samples is generally being considered as the reference standard for establishing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection [1]. However, RT-PCR results take hours to become available and, although highly specific, sensitivity is moderate [2–4]. This could result in delayed and suboptimal clinical decision making. In a high-prevalence emergency department setting, chest CT showed a high probability of COVID-19 in 30% of patients with a negative or indeterminate initial RT-PCR result https://bit.ly/38hLDzR
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniël A Korevaar
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruud S Kootte
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Loek P Smits
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joost G van den Aardweg
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter I Bonta
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Dept of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - René M Vigeveno
- Dept of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inge A H van den Berk
- Dept of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maeke J Scheerder
- Dept of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bregtje A Lemkes
- Dept of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Abraham Goorhuis
- Dept of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ludo F M Beenen
- Dept of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jouke T Annema
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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32
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Raghwani J, Wu CH, Ho CKY, De Jong M, Molenkamp R, Schinkel J, Pybus OG, Lythgoe KA. High-Resolution Evolutionary Analysis of Within-Host Hepatitis C Virus Infection. J Infect Dis 2020; 219:1722-1729. [PMID: 30602023 PMCID: PMC6500553 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent breakthroughs in treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we have limited understanding of how virus diversity generated within individuals impacts the evolution and spread of HCV variants at the population scale. Addressing this gap is important for identifying the main sources of disease transmission and evaluating the risk of drug-resistance mutations emerging and disseminating in a population. METHODS We have undertaken a high-resolution analysis of HCV within-host evolution from 4 individuals coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). We used long-read, deep-sequenced data of full-length HCV envelope glycoprotein, longitudinally sampled from acute to chronic HCV infection to investigate the underlying viral population and evolutionary dynamics. RESULTS We found statistical support for population structure maintaining the within-host HCV genetic diversity in 3 out of 4 individuals. We also report the first population genetic estimate of the within-host recombination rate for HCV (0.28 × 10-7 recombination/site/year), which is considerably lower than that estimated for HIV-1 and the overall nucleotide substitution rate estimated during HCV infection. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that population structure and strong genetic linkage shapes within-host HCV evolutionary dynamics. These results will guide the future investigation of potential HCV drug resistance adaptation during infection, and at the population scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayna Raghwani
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cynthia K Y Ho
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Menno De Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Richard Molenkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Oliver G Pybus
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Katrina A Lythgoe
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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33
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Steba GS, Koekkoek SM, Prins M, Brinkman K, Kwa D, van der Meer JTM, van der Valk M, Molenkamp R, Pollakis G, Schinkel J, Paxton WA. Bile-salt stimulated lipase polymorphisms do not associate with HCV susceptibility. Virus Res 2019; 274:197715. [PMID: 31622635 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Bile-salt stimulate lipase (BSSL) is a glycoprotein found in human milk and blood that can potently bind DC-SIGN. The BSSL gene is highly polymorphic with a variant number of O-linked glycosylated 11 amino acid repeats at the C-terminus of the protein, encoded in exon 11 of the gene. It has been shown that certain BSSL genotypes associate with decreased HIV-1 transmission in vitro and decreased HIV-1 disease progression. The protein forms dimers and individuals possessing one high (typically 14-21) and one low (typically 7-11) number of repeat domains has been shown to have stronger binding of BSSL to DC-SIGN and HIV-1 inhibitory activity in vitro. Since we previously demonstrated that SNPs within the DC-SIGN gene can associate with risk of HCV sexual transmission and which can be linked to diminished DC-SIGN gene expression we aimed to identify whether BSSL polymorphisms associated similarly through differential binding to DC-SIGN. DNA was isolated from the HIV-1 infected MSM cohort (MOSAIC) composed of HCV multiple exposed uninfected (MEU) (N = 30) and multiple exposed HCV infected (MEI) (N = 32) individuals and from the Amsterdam cohort studies (ACS) intravenous drug using (IDU) cohort (22 MEI and 40 MEU). The numbers of repeats in exon 11 were determined by PCR with repeat distributions compared between MEI and MEU. No statistical significant difference in the copy number of exon 11 repeats, or combinations of, in the BSSL gene was observed when comparing HCV infected MEI with MEU, thus the exon 11 repeat copy number in the BSSL gene does not affect HCV susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaby S Steba
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sylvie M Koekkoek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kees Brinkman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David Kwa
- Department of Microbiology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan T M van der Meer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Richard Molenkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Georgios Pollakis
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - William A Paxton
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
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Garcia Garrido HM, Aalst M, Schinkel J, Koen G, Defoer JM, Hazenberg MD, Nur E, Grobusch MP, Zeerleder SS, Goorhuis A, Bree GJ. Early loss of immunity against measles following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Am J Hematol 2019; 94:E270-E272. [PMID: 31342532 PMCID: PMC6771529 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Garcia Garrido
- Department of Infectious DiseasesAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, The Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AI&II), University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Amsterdam UMC‐Location AMCThe Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute (AI&II), University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle Aalst
- Department of Infectious DiseasesAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, The Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AI&II), University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Amsterdam UMC‐Location AMCThe Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute (AI&II), University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Clinical VirologyAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Koen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Clinical VirologyAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline M. Defoer
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Clinical VirologyAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Mette D. Hazenberg
- Department of HematologyAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, University of Amsterdam, and Cancer Center Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Erfan Nur
- Department of HematologyAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, University of Amsterdam, and Cancer Center Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Martin P. Grobusch
- Department of Infectious DiseasesAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, The Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AI&II), University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Amsterdam UMC‐Location AMCThe Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute (AI&II), University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sascha S. Zeerleder
- Department of HematologyAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, University of Amsterdam, and Cancer Center Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin ResearchAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, The Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute (AI&II), University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology LaboratoryInselspital, Bern University Hospital and Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical ResearchUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Abraham Goorhuis
- Department of Infectious DiseasesAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, The Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AI&II), University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Amsterdam UMC‐Location AMCThe Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute (AI&II), University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Godelieve J. Bree
- Department of Infectious DiseasesAmsterdam UMC‐location AMC, The Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AI&II), University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Amsterdam UMC‐Location AMCThe Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute (AI&II), University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development Amsterdam The Netherlands
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35
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Koopsen J, Russell C, van der Valk M, Schinkel J. A21 Retrospectively describing hepatitis C virus transmission dynamics and tracking HCV transmission networks in real-time for strategic elimination interventions. Virus Evol 2019. [PMCID: PMC6735699 DOI: 10.1093/ve/vez002.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite impressive uptake of direct acting antivirals for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the Netherlands among HIV/HCV co-infected men who have sex with men (MSM), HCV transmission continues, especially among patients previously successfully treated for HCV. The incidence of reinfection occurs at the extremely high rate of 15 per 100 person-years. Clearly, more sophisticated methods are necessary to identify the sources and timing of new HCV infections among MSM. The aim of this research is to phylogenetically characterize HCV transmission dynamics within MSM-specific networks in order to provide a solid base for targeted interventions to monitor, control, and eventually stop the ongoing transmission of HCV among HIV-infected MSM and to prevent further spread of HCV to the community at large. The methodology that will be used is two-fold. Firstly, it concerns setting up a real-time monitoring system to track the HCV epidemic using phylogenetic tools and open-source software from http://nextstrain.org. Secondly, several phylogenetic methods will be used to retrospectively identify transmission clusters in Amsterdam and define epidemiological characteristics, including the directionality of transmission and the size and introduction dates of the clusters. This means that cluster cut-off points will have to be calculated. This research will result in a web-based molecular surveillance tool to monitor the persistence of endemic clades, emergence of new clades, and transmission clusters in ‘real time’, which, combined with clinical and epidemiological data, will be used for targeted interventions. The surveillance tool will be based on the open-source software from nextstrain.org. Secondly, by retrospectively describing the HCV transmission clusters in terms of introduction dates and subsequent dynamics, we may be able to better predict the future dynamics of the different clusters. High-resolution viral sequencing will allow us to identify the source and timing of (new) HCV infections and follow the trajectory of these MSM-specific lineages through the MSM population. Real-time insight in transmission networks using a web-based molecular surveillance tool will identify key targets for rapid interventions, awareness campaigns, and testing strategies. This can be used to prevent further spread to HIV-negative MSM and to control and eventually eliminate HCV from the MSM population.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Koopsen
- Lab of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Russell
- Lab of Applied Evolutionary Biology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M van der Valk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Schinkel
- Lab of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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36
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Zuure F, Bil J, Visser M, Snijder M, Boyd A, Blom P, Sonder G, Schinkel J, Prins M. Hepatitis B and C screening needs among different ethnic groups: A population-based study in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. JHEP Rep 2019; 1:71-80. [PMID: 32039354 PMCID: PMC7001549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Data on the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) virus infections, including the proportion of individuals aware of infection, are scarce among migrants living in Europe. We estimated the prevalence of past and present HBV and HCV infection, along with their determinants and peoples' awareness of infection status, among different groups of first-generation migrants and Dutch-origin residents of Amsterdam. METHODS Cross-sectional data of 998 Surinamese (mostly South-Asian and African-Surinamese), 500 Ghanaian, 497 Turkish, 498 Moroccan and 500 Dutch-origin participants from the observational population-based HELIUS study were used. Blood samples of participants were tested for HBV and HCV infection. Infection awareness was determined using records from participants' general practitioners. RESULTS Age- and gender-adjusted chronic HBV prevalence was highest among Ghanaian participants (5.4%), followed by Turkish (4.1%), African-Surinamese (1.9%), Moroccan (1.2%), South-Asian Surinamese (0.9%) and Dutch (0.4%) participants. A total of 58.1% of the cases were aware of their infection. In multinomial logistic regression analyses, Ghanaian (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 42.23; 95% confidence interval [CI] 9.29-192.01), African-Surinamese (aOR 6.16; 95% CI 1.27-29.79), and Turkish (aOR 13.44; 95% CI 2.94-61.39) participants were at increased risk of chronic HBV infection compared with those of Dutch origin. Older participants were also at increased risk (aOR 1.02 per year; 95% CI 1.00-1.05), whereas women were at lower risk (aOR 0.49; 95% CI 0.29-0.83). HCV prevalence was 0.4% (95% CI 0.1-1.3%) among Dutch and African-Surinamese and 0% (95% CI 0.0-0.5%) for each of the other groups; all cases with follow-up data were aware of their infection. CONCLUSIONS Ghanaian, Turkish and African-Surinamese first-generation migrants are at increased risk of chronic HBV infection and many are unaware of their infection, whereas HCV prevalence was low among all ethnic groups. Screening campaigns are urgently warranted and need to consider specific ethnic groups. LAY SUMMARY First-generation migrants of Ghanaian, Turkish and African-Surinamese origin were at increased risk of chronic hepatitis B infection, with most infections occurring in older individuals and males. Since over 40% of people were unaware of their chronic hepatitis B infection, screening of these migrant groups is urgently needed. The proportion of first-generation migrants chronically infected with hepatitis C virus was very low among all groups studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freke Zuure
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AI&II), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke Bil
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje Visser
- The Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Snijder
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anders Boyd
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Saint Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Petra Blom
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Sonder
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AI&II), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AI&II), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Nijmeijer BM, Koopsen J, Schinkel J, Prins M, Geijtenbeek TBH. Sexually transmitted hepatitis C virus infections: current trends, and recent advances in understanding the spread in men who have sex with men. J Int AIDS Soc 2019; 22 Suppl 6:e25348. [PMID: 31468692 PMCID: PMC6715947 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.25348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health threat. Although the recent availability of highly effective directly acting antivirals created optimism towards HCV elimination, there is ongoing transmission of HCV in men who have sex with men (MSM). We here report current epidemiological trends and synthesise evidence on behavioural, network, cellular and molecular host factors associated with sexual transmission of HCV, in particular the role of HIV-1 co-infection. We discuss prevention opportunities focusing on the potential of HCV treatment. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, fact sheets from health professional bodies and conference abstracts using appropriate keywords to identify and select relevant reports. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Recent studies strongly suggest that HCV is transmitted via sexual contact in HIV-positive MSM and more recently in HIV-negative MSM eligible for or on pre-exposure prophylaxis. The reinfection risk following clearance is about 10 times the risk of primary infection. International connectedness of MSM transmission networks might contribute to ongoing reinfection. Some of these networks might overlap with networks of people who inject drugs. Although, the precise mechanisms facilitating sexual transmission remain unclear, damage to the mucosal barrier in the rectum could increase susceptibility. Mucosal dendritic cell subsets could increase HCV susceptibility by retaining HCV and transmitting the virus to other cells, allowing egress into blood and liver. Early identification of new HCV infections is important to prevent onward transmission, but early diagnosis of acute HCV infection and prompt treatment is hampered by the slow rate of HCV antibody seroconversion, which in rare cases may take more than a year. Novel tests such as testing for HCV core antigen might facilitate early diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS High-risk sexual behaviour, network characteristics, co-infection with sexually transmitted infections like HIV-1 and other concomitant bacterial and viral sexually transmitted infections are important factors that lead to HCV spread. Targeted and combined prevention efforts including effective behavioural interventions and scale-up of HCV testing and treatment are required to halt HCV transmission in MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadien M Nijmeijer
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jelle Koopsen
- Department of Medical MicrobiologyLaboratory of Clinical VirologyAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical MicrobiologyLaboratory of Clinical VirologyAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and PreventionPublic Health Service of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Teunis BH Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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38
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Merat SJ, Bru C, van de Berg D, Molenkamp R, Tarr AW, Koekkoek S, Kootstra NA, Prins M, Ball JK, Bakker AQ, de Jong MD, Spits H, Beaumont T, Schinkel J. Cross-genotype AR3-specific neutralizing antibodies confer long-term protection in injecting drug users after HCV clearance. J Hepatol 2019; 71:14-24. [PMID: 30797052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In order to design an effective vaccine against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, it is necessary to understand immune protection. A number of broadly reactive neutralizing antibodies have been isolated from B cells of HCV-infected patients. However, it remains unclear whether B cells producing such antibodies contribute to HCV clearance and long-term immune protection against HCV. METHODS We analysed the B cell repertoire of 13 injecting drug users from the Amsterdam Cohort Study, who were followed up for a median of 17.5 years after primary infection. Individuals were classified into 2 groups based on the outcome of HCV infection: 5 who became chronically infected either after primary infection or after reinfection, and 8 who were HCV RNA negative following spontaneous clearance of ≥1 HCV infection(s). From each individual, 10,000 CD27+IgG+B cells, collected 0.75 year after HCV infection, were cultured to characterize the antibody repertoire. RESULTS Using a multiplex flow cytometry-based assay to study the antibody binding to E1E2 from genotype 1 to 6, we found that a high frequency of cross-genotype antibodies was associated with spontaneous clearance of 1 or multiple infections (p = 0.03). Epitope specificity of these cross-genotype antibodies was determined by alanine mutant scanning in 4 individuals who were HCV RNA negative following spontaneous clearance of 1 or multiple infections. Interestingly, the cross-genotype antibodies were mainly antigenic region 3 (AR3)-specific and showed cross-neutralizing activity against HCV. In addition to AR3 antibodies, 3 individuals developed antibodies recognizing antigenic region 4, of which 1 monoclonal antibody showed cross-neutralizing capacity. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data suggest that a strong B cell response producing cross-genotype and neutralizing antibodies, especially targeting AR3, contributes to HCV clearance and long-term immune protection against HCV. LAY SUMMARY Although effective treatments against hepatitis C virus (HCV) are available, 500,000 people die from liver disease caused by HCV each year and approximately 1.75 million people are newly infected. This could be prevented by a vaccine. To design a vaccine against HCV, more insight into the role of antibodies in the protection against HCV infection is needed. In a cohort of injecting drug users, we found that antibodies interfering with virus cell entry, and recognizing multiple HCV genotypes, conferred long-term protection against chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camille Bru
- AIMM Therapeutics, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Richard Molenkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander W Tarr
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; NIHR Nottingham BRC, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sylvie Koekkoek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Neeltje A Kootstra
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan K Ball
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; NIHR Nottingham BRC, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Menno D de Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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van Dijk M, Kracht PAM, Arends JE, Blokzijl H, Burger DM, van Erpecum KJ, van Hoek B, de Knegt RJ, Posthouwer D, Ramsoekh D, Rijnders BJA, Schinkel J, Willemse SB, van der Valk M, Drenth JPH, Behalf Of The HepNed Study Group O. Retrieval of chronic hepatitis C patients. A manifesto for action to eliminate hepatitis C in the Netherlands: the CELINE project. Neth J Med 2019; 77:131-138. [PMID: 31502544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global public health issue, which is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The development of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) has transformed treatment: they offer us highly-effective therapy with superior tolerability compared to interferon-containing regimens. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) therefore adopted several ambitious viral hepatitis elimination targets, aiming for a 90% reduction in new infections and a 65% reduction in mortality by 2030. The ultimate goal is to eliminate HCV completely. It is reasonable that these goals may be achieved in the Netherlands due to the low prevalence of chronic HCV, the availability of DAAs, and excellent healthcare infrastructure. This paper describes a national effort to curtail the HCV epidemic in the Netherlands through an HCV retrieval and linkage to care project (CELINE: Hepatitis C Elimination in the Netherlands).
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Affiliation(s)
- M van Dijk
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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40
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Steba GS, Koekkoek SM, Vanhommerig JW, Brinkman K, Kwa D, Van Der Meer JTM, Prins M, Berkhout B, Tanck M, Paxton WA, Molenkamp R, Schinkel J. DC-SIGN Polymorphisms Associate with Risk of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Men who Have Sex with Men but not Among Injecting Drug Users. J Infect Dis 2019; 217:353-357. [PMID: 29140443 PMCID: PMC5853896 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify whether genetic polymorphisms within L-SIGN or DC-SIGN correlate with hepatitis C virus (HCV) susceptibility. A men who have sex with men (MSM) and an injecting drug users (IDU) cohort of HCV cases and multiple-exposed uninfected controls were genotyped for numerous L-SIGN and DC-SIGN polymorphisms. DC-SIGN single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) -139, -871, and -939 correlated with HCV acquisition in the MSM cohort only. When the same SNPs were introduced into a transcription activity assay they demonstrated a reduction in expression with predicted alteration in binding of transcription factors. DC-SIGN promoter SNPs correlated with risk of HCV acquisition via sexual but not IDU exposure, likely through modulation of mRNA expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaby S Steba
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvie M Koekkoek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost W Vanhommerig
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Brinkman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Kwa
- Department of Microbiology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan T M Van Der Meer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine, and AIDS, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Berkhout
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Tanck
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - William A Paxton
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Richard Molenkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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41
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Elfrink F, Overbosch FW, Schinkel J, Koen G, Sonder GJB. Hepatitis E in Long-Term Travelers from the Netherlands to Subtropical and Tropical Countries, 2008-2011. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 24:1055-1060. [PMID: 29774856 PMCID: PMC6004834 DOI: 10.3201/eid2406.171513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a common cause of acute viral hepatitis. Virus genotypes 1 and 2 infect humans in developing countries by the fecal-oral route. To assess attack rates and disease incidence for travelers, we prospectively studied 604 long-term travelers to subtropical and tropical countries. Participants donated blood samples pretravel and posttravel and kept a diary. A total of 89/604 (15%) pretravel samples were positive for HEV IgG by ELISA, suggesting previous HEV infection. Seroconversion for HEV was found for 19/515 travelers (attack rate 3.7%, incidence 1.8 cases/1,000 person-weeks). We believe there is a substantial risk for acquiring HEV infection among long-term travelers. Although HEV infection does not seem to be a major problem in this healthy cohort, hygienic measures should be stressed in all pretravel health advice, particularly for pregnant women and immunocompromised travelers who are at risk for severe disease.
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42
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Boerekamps A, De Weggheleire A, van den Berk GE, Lauw FN, Claassen MAA, Posthouwer D, Bierman WF, Hullegie SJ, Popping S, van de Vijver DACM, Dofferhoff ASM, Kootstra GJ, Leyten EM, den Hollander J, van Kasteren ME, Soetekouw R, Ammerlaan HSM, Schinkel J, Florence E, Arends JE, Rijnders BJA. Treatment of acute hepatitis C genotypes 1 and 4 with 8 weeks of grazoprevir plus elbasvir (DAHHS2): an open-label, multicentre, single-arm, phase 3b trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 4:269-277. [DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(18)30414-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Rodrigo C, Leung P, Lloyd AR, Bull RA, Luciani F, Grebely J, Dore GJ, Applegate T, Page K, Bruneau J, Cox AL, Osburn W, Kim AY, Shoukry NH, Lauer GM, Maher L, Schinkel J, Prins M, Hellard M, Eltahla AA. Genomic variability of within-host hepatitis C variants in acute infection. J Viral Hepat 2019; 26:476-484. [PMID: 30578702 PMCID: PMC6417964 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between the host immune system and the viral variants determine persistence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection after the acute phase of infection. This study describes the genetic variability of within-host HCV viral variants in acute infection and correlates it with host- and virus-related traits and infection outcome. Next generation sequence data (Illumina, MiSeq platform) of viral genomes from 116 incident acute infections (within 180 days of infection) were analysed to determine all the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) frequencies above a threshold of 0.1%. The variability of the SNPs for the full open reading frame of the genome as well as for each protein coding region were compared using mean standardized Shannon entropy (SE) values calculated separately for synonymous and nonsynonymous mutations. The envelope glycoproteins regions (E1 and E2) had the highest SE values (indicating greater variability) followed by the NS5B region. Nonsynonymous mutations rather than synonymous mutations were the main contributors to genomic variability in acute infection. The mean difference of Shannon entropy was also compared between subjects after categorizing the samples according to host and virus-related traits. Host IFNL3 allele CC polymorphism at rs12979860 (vs others) and viral genotype 1a (vs 3a) were associated with higher genomic variability across the viral open reading frame. Time since infection, host gender or continent of origin was not associated with the viral genomic variability. Viral genomic variability did not predict spontaneous clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rowena A. Bull
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, NSW, Australia
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fabio Luciani
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, NSW, Australia
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Kimberly Page
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Julie Bruneau
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrea L. Cox
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Naglaa H. Shoukry
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Lisa Maher
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- GGD Public Health Service of Amsterdam
| | - Maria Prins
- Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- GGD Public Health Service of Amsterdam
| | - Margaret Hellard
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Monash University, Australia
- Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Doherty Institute and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne
| | - Auda A. Eltahla
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, NSW, Australia
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Abayasingam A, Leung P, Eltahla A, Bull RA, Luciani F, Grebely J, Dore GJ, Applegate T, Page K, Bruneau J, Cox AL, Kim AY, Schinkel J, Shoukry NH, Lauer GM, Maher L, Hellard M, Prins M, Lloyd A, Rodrigo C. Genomic characterization of hepatitis C virus transmitted founder variants with deep sequencing. Infect Genet Evol 2019; 71:36-41. [PMID: 30853512 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Transfer of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection from a donor to a new recipient is associated with a bottleneck of genetic diversity in the transmitted viral variants. Existing data suggests that one, or very few, variants emerge from this bottleneck to establish the infection (transmitted founder [T/F] variants). In HCV, very few T/F variants have been characterized due to the challenges of obtaining early infection samples and of high throughput viral genome sequencing. This study used a large, acute HCV, deep-sequenced dataset from first viremia samples collected in nine prospective cohorts across four countries, to estimate the prevalence of single T/F viruses, and to identify host and virus-related factors associated with infections initiated by a single T/F variant. The short reads generated by Illumina sequencing were used to reconstruct viral haplotypes with two haplotype reconstruction algorithms. The haplotypes were examined for random mutations (Poisson distribution) and a star-like phylogeny to identify T/F viruses. The findings were cross-validated by haplotype reconstructions across three regions of the genome (Core-E2, NS3, NS5A) to minimize the possibility of spurious overestimation of single T/F variants. Of 190 acute infection samples examined, 54 were very early acute infections (HCV antibody negative, RNA positive), and single transmitted founders were identified in 14 (26%, 95% CI: 16-39%) after cross validation across multiple regions of the genome with two haplotype reconstruction algorithms. The presence of a single T/F virus was not associated with any host or virus-related factors, notably viral genotype or spontaneous clearance. In conclusion, approximately one in four new HCV infections originates from a single T/F virus. Resolution of genomic sequences of single T/F variants is the first step in exploring unique properties of these variants in the infection of host hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Auda Eltahla
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rowena A Bull
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fabio Luciani
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Kimberly Page
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Preventive Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Julie Bruneau
- CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrea L Cox
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Lisa Maher
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Margaret Hellard
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Doherty Institute and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; GGD Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Lloyd
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chaturaka Rodrigo
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Nijmeijer BM, Sarrami‐Forooshani R, Steba GS, Schreurs RRCE, Koekkoek SM, Molenkamp R, Schinkel J, Reiss P, Siegenbeek van Heukelom ML, van der Valk M, Ribeiro CMS, Geijtenbeek TBH. HIV-1 exposure and immune activation enhance sexual transmission of Hepatitis C virus by primary Langerhans cells. J Int AIDS Soc 2019; 22:e25268. [PMID: 30932366 PMCID: PMC6442005 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.25268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The significant rise in incidence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) living with HIV-1 suggests that HCV under specific circumstances is transmitted via sexual contact. During sexual transmission HCV has to cross the epithelial barrier to either directly enter the blood stream or indirectly via mucosal immune cells. However, the mechanisms of sexual transmission of HCV remain unclear. We investigated the role of Langerhans cells (LCs) in HCV susceptibility during sexual contact as LCs are among the first cells in mucosal tissues to encounter invading viruses. METHODS We investigated the phenotype of primary LCs in anal biopsies from MSM living with HIV-1. To investigate the role of primary LCs in HCV infection and transmission, we have used both isolated primary skin LCs and the ex vivo tissue transmission model. RESULTS Our data identified an important role for mucosal LCs in facilitating HCV transmission after HIV-1 exposure or immune activation. LCs were detected within mucosal anal tissues obtained from HIV-1 positive MSM biopsies. In order to perform functional studies, we used primary LCs from skin, which have a similar phenotype as mucosal LCs. Immature LCs were neither infected nor transmitted HCV to hepatocytes. Notably, exposure to HIV-1 significantly increased HCV transmission by LCs in the ex vivo transmission model. HIV-1 replication was crucial for the increased HCV transmission as HIV-1 inhibitors significantly reduced HIV-1-induced HCV transmission. Moreover, tissue immune activation of LCs also increased HCV transmission to target cells. CONCLUSIONS Thus, our data strongly indicate that HIV-1 or immune activation in MSM leads to capture of HCV by mucosal LCs, which might facilitate transmission to other cells or allow entry of HCV into the blood. This novel transmission mechanism by LCs also implicates that the activation state of LCs is an important cellular determinant for HCV susceptibility after sexual contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadien M Nijmeijer
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ramin Sarrami‐Forooshani
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Gaby S Steba
- Department of Medical MicrobiologyClinical Virology LaboratoryAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Renée RCE Schreurs
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sylvie M Koekkoek
- Department of Medical MicrobiologyClinical Virology LaboratoryAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Richard Molenkamp
- Department of Medical MicrobiologyClinical Virology LaboratoryAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical MicrobiologyClinical Virology LaboratoryAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Peter Reiss
- Department of Global HealthAmsterdam University Medical Centers, and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and DevelopmentAmsterdam University Medical Centers HIV Monitoring FoundationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of Internal MedicineAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Matthijs L Siegenbeek van Heukelom
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of Internal MedicineAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of DermatologyAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of Internal MedicineAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Carla MS Ribeiro
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Teunis BH Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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46
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Steba GS, Koekkoek SM, Tanck MWT, Vanhommerig JW, van der Meer JTM, Kwa D, Brinkman K, Prins M, Berkhout B, Pollakis G, Molenkamp R, Schinkel J, Paxton WA. SNP rs688 within the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) gene associates with HCV susceptibility. Liver Int 2019; 39:463-469. [PMID: 30260075 PMCID: PMC6588020 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Despite high-risk behaviour, 10%-20% of HCV multiple exposed individuals remain uninfected (MEU), whilst the remainder become infected (MEI). We hypothesize that host factors play a role in HCV susceptibility. We aimed to identify polymorphisms in host genes that encode for proteins involved in viral entry: CD81, Scavenger receptor 1 (SR-1), Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R), Claudin-1 (CLDN1), Occludin (OCLN) and Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1). METHODS Multiple exposed infected and MEU from two observational cohorts were selected. From the MSM study of acute infection with HCV (MOSAIC), HIV-1 infected MEU cases (n = 30) and HIV-1 infected MEI controls (n = 32) were selected based on reported high-risk behaviour. From the Amsterdam Cohorts Studies (ACS) injecting drug users (IDU) cohort, MEU cases (n = 40) and MEI controls (n = 22) were selected who injected drugs for ≥2 years, in the nineties, when HCV incidence was high. Selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined by sequencing or SNP assays. RESULTS No associations were found for SNPs within genes coding for CD81, SR-1, Claudin-1 or Occludin between the MEU and MEI individuals from either cohort. We did observe a significant association for rs688 within the LDL-R gene with HCV infection (OR: 0.41 P = 0.001), however, LDL cholesterol levels did not vary between individuals carrying the differential SNPs. Additionally, a marginal significant effect was found for rs217434 and rs2072183 (OR: 2.07 P = 0.032 and OR: 1.76 P = 0.039, respectively) within NPC1L1. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the rs688 SNP within the LDL-R gene associates with HCV susceptibility through mucosal as well as intravenous exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaby S. Steba
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sylvie M. Koekkoek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Michael W. T. Tanck
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (CEBB), Amsterdam UMCAcademic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Joost W. Vanhommerig
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Infectious DiseasesPublic Health Service of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jan T. M. van der Meer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - David Kwa
- Department of MicrobiologyOnze Lieve Vrouwe GasthuisAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Kees Brinkman
- Department of Internal MedicineOnze Lieve Vrouwe GasthuisAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (CEBB), Amsterdam UMCAcademic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ben Berkhout
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Georgios Pollakis
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of Infection and Global HealthUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Richard Molenkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - William A. Paxton
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of Infection and Global HealthUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
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47
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Boerekamps A, Vanwolleghem T, van der Valk M, van den Berk GE, van Kasteren M, Posthouwer D, Dofferhoff ASM, van Hoek B, Ramsoekh D, Koopsen J, Schinkel J, Florence E, Arends JE, Rijnders BJ. 8 weeks of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir is effective in DAA-naive non-cirrhotic HCV genotype 4 infected patients (HEPNED-001 study). J Hepatol 2019; 70:554-557. [PMID: 30527953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Boerekamps
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Vanwolleghem
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Guido E van den Berk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjo van Kasteren
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Ziekenhuis, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk Posthouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Microbiology, Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Anthonius S M Dofferhoff
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van Hoek
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dewkoemar Ramsoekh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jelle Koopsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Clinical Virology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section of Clinical Virology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Florence
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joop E Arends
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bart J Rijnders
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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48
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Overbosch FW, Elfrink F, Schinkel J, Sonder GJB. No chikungunya virus infections among Dutch long-term travellers to (sub)tropical countries: a prospective study 2008-2011. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:196. [PMID: 30808283 PMCID: PMC6390585 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3819-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chikungunya is an arthropod-borne viral disease now identified in over 60 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has spread in the last 15 years to many countries, causing large local outbreaks. CHIKV infection can be clinically misdiagnosed in areas where dengue and/or Zika infections occur. Prospective studies are necessary to calculate the true incidence rate of CHIKV infection in travellers. The aim of this study was to obtain the attack and incidence rates of CHIKV infection among long-term travellers and identify associated risk factors. Methods A previously collected prospective cohort of Dutch long-term travellers (12–52 weeks) to subtropical and tropical countries was tested. From December 2008 to September 2011, participants were recruited at the travel clinic of the Public Health Service Amsterdam. A weekly diary was kept during travel in which participants recorded their itinerary, symptoms, and physician visits. On return, their pre- and post-travel blood samples were tested for the presence of IgG antibodies to CHIKV antigen. Seroconversions were confirmed by an in-house CHIKV neutralisation test. Results The median age of 603 participants was 25 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 23–29); 35.7% were male; median travel duration was 20 weeks (IQR: 15–25), and purpose of travel was predominantly tourism (62%). The presence of anti-CHIKV IgG in the pre-travel sample, suggestive of previous CHIKV infection, was found for 3/603 participants (0.5%); all three had been previously travelling in either Africa or Asia. In one traveler who visited Latin America, a seroconversion was found (0.2%) but the CHIKV neutralisation test was negative, making the incidence rate 0. Conclusion No chikungunya virus infections were found in this 2008–2011 prospective cohort of long-term travellers. We recommend the research be repeated, particularly as the sample size of our cohort might have been too small. Also, extensive spread of chikungunya virus has likely increased incidence rates among travellers since 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke W Overbosch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service (GGD), Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,National Coordination Centre for Traveller's Health Advice (LCR), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Floor Elfrink
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service (GGD), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,National Coordination Centre for Traveller's Health Advice (LCR), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard J B Sonder
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service (GGD), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,National Coordination Centre for Traveller's Health Advice (LCR), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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49
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Newsum AM, Molenkamp R, van der Meer JT, Rebers SP, Prins M, van der Valk M, Schinkel J. Persistence of NS5B-S282T, a sofosbuvir resistance-associated substitution, in a HIV/HCV-coinfected MSM with risk of onward transmission. J Hepatol 2018; 69:968-970. [PMID: 30227918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid M Newsum
- Department of Infectious Diseases Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Richard Molenkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan T van der Meer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd P Rebers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marc van der Valk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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50
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De Pijper CA, Koen G, Schinkel J, Grobusch MP, Goorhuis A, Stijnis C. No detection of Zika virus infection in asymptomatic Dutch military personnel after deployment in high endemic areas (Belize, Curacao, Saint Martin) from December 2016 to December 2017. Travel Med Infect Dis 2018; 27:119-120. [PMID: 30243931 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelis A De Pijper
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Gerrit Koen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Division of Laboratory Specialism, Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Janke Schinkel
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Division of Laboratory Specialism, Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martin P Grobusch
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Abraham Goorhuis
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Stijnis
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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