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Barnes DR, Tyrer JP, Dennis J, Leslie G, Bolla MK, Lush M, Aeilts AM, Aittomäki K, Andrieu N, Andrulis IL, Anton-Culver H, Arason A, Arun BK, Balmaña J, Bandera EV, Barkardottir RB, Berger LP, de Gonzalez AB, Berthet P, Białkowska K, Bjørge L, Blanco AM, Blok MJ, Bobolis KA, Bogdanova NV, Brenton JD, Butz H, Buys SS, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Castillo C, Claes KB, Colonna SV, Cook LS, Daly MB, Dansonka-Mieszkowska A, de la Hoya M, deFazio A, DePersia A, Ding YC, Domchek SM, Dörk T, Einbeigi Z, Engel C, Evans DG, Foretova L, Fortner RT, Fostira F, Foti MC, Friedman E, Frone MN, Ganz PA, Gentry-Maharaj A, Glendon G, Godwin AK, González-Neira A, Greene MH, Gronwald J, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Hamann U, Hansen TV, Harris HR, Hauke J, Heitz F, Hogervorst FB, Hooning MJ, Hopper JL, Huff CD, Huntsman DG, Imyanitov EN, Izatt L, Jakubowska A, James PA, Janavicius R, John EM, Kar S, Karlan BY, Kennedy CJ, Kiemeney LA, Konstantopoulou I, Kupryjanczyk J, Laitman Y, Lavie O, Lawrenson K, Lester J, Lesueur F, Lopez-Pleguezuelos C, Mai PL, Manoukian S, May T, McNeish IA, Menon U, Milne RL, Modugno F, Mongiovi JM, Montagna M, Moysich KB, Neuhausen SL, Nielsen FC, Noguès C, Oláh E, Olopade OI, Osorio A, Papi L, Pathak H, Pearce CL, Pedersen IS, Peixoto A, Pejovic T, Peng PC, Peshkin BN, Peterlongo P, Powell CB, Prokofyeva D, Pujana MA, Radice P, Rashid MU, Rennert G, Richenberg G, Sandler DP, Sasamoto N, Setiawan VW, Sharma P, Sieh W, Singer CF, Snape K, Sokolenko AP, Soucy P, Southey MC, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Sutphen R, Sutter C, Teixeira MR, Terry KL, Thomsen LCV, Tischkowitz M, Toland AE, Van Gorp T, Vega A, Velez Edwards DR, Webb PM, Weitzel JN, Wentzensen N, Whittemore AS, Winham SJ, Wu AH, Yadav S, Yu Y, Ziogas A, Berchuck A, Couch FJ, Goode EL, Goodman MT, Monteiro AN, Offit K, Ramus SJ, Risch HA, Schildkraut JM, Thomassen M, Simard J, Easton DF, Jones MR, Chenevix-Trench G, Gayther SA, Antoniou AC, Pharoah PD. Large-scale genome-wide association study of 398,238 women unveils seven novel loci associated with high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer risk. medRxiv 2024:2024.02.29.24303243. [PMID: 38496424 PMCID: PMC10942532 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.29.24303243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Nineteen genomic regions have been associated with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). We used data from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC), Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/BRCA2 (CIMBA), UK Biobank (UKBB), and FinnGen to identify novel HGSOC susceptibility loci and develop polygenic scores (PGS). Methods We analyzed >22 million variants for 398,238 women. Associations were assessed separately by consortium and meta-analysed. OCAC and CIMBA data were used to develop PGS which were trained on FinnGen data and validated in UKBB and BioBank Japan. Results Eight novel variants were associated with HGSOC risk. An interesting discovery biologically was finding that TP53 3'-UTR SNP rs78378222 was associated with HGSOC (per T allele relative risk (RR)=1.44, 95%CI:1.28-1.62, P=1.76×10-9). The optimal PGS included 64,518 variants and was associated with an odds ratio of 1.46 (95%CI:1.37-1.54) per standard deviation in the UKBB validation (AUROC curve=0.61, 95%CI:0.59-0.62). Conclusions This study represents the largest GWAS for HGSOC to date. The results highlight that improvements in imputation reference panels and increased sample sizes can identify HGSOC associated variants that previously went undetected, resulting in improved PGS. The use of updated PGS in cancer risk prediction algorithms will then improve personalized risk prediction for HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Barnes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan P. Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manjeet K. Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael Lush
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amber M. Aeilts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Human Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nadine Andrieu
- Inserm U900, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adalgeir Arason
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali - the National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Banu K. Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Hereditary Cancer Genetics Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Rosa B. Barkardottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali - the National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lieke P.V. Berger
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pascaline Berthet
- Département de Biopathologie, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Katarzyna Białkowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Line Bjørge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Amie M. Blanco
- Cancer Genetics and Prevention Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kristie A. Bobolis
- City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Natalia V. Bogdanova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - James D. Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Henriett Butz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Tumour Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oncology Biobank, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Saundra S. Buys
- Department of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Ian Campbell
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carmen Castillo
- Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kathleen B.M. Claes
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - EMBRACE Collaborators
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah V. Colonna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Linda S. Cook
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mary B. Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Oncology and Maria Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, CIBERONC, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna deFazio
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Allison DePersia
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Susan M. Domchek
- Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Zakaria Einbeigi
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester Universities Foundation Trust, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, UK
- Genomic Medicine, North West Genomics hub, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester Universities Foundation Trust, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Renée T. Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research ‘Demokritos’, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Eitan Friedman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Assuta Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Megan N. Frone
- National Cancer Institute, Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patricia A. Ganz
- Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention & Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gord Glendon
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Anna González-Neira
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network on Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark H. Greene
- National Cancer Institute, Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas v.O. Hansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holly R. Harris
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jan Hauke
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany
| | - Frans B.L. Hogervorst
- Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje J. Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John L. Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chad D Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David G. Huntsman
- British Columbia’s Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program, BC Cancer, Vancouver General Hospital, and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Evgeny N. Imyanitov
- Department of Tumor Growth Biology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - kConFab Investigators
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paul A. James
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center and the Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Oncogenetics Unit, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Esther M. John
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Siddhartha Kar
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Catherine J. Kennedy
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research ‘Demokritos’, Athens, Greece
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Oncology and Maria Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yael Laitman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ofer Lavie
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jenny Lester
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Inserm U900, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Carlos Lopez-Pleguezuelos
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Escola de Doutoramento Internacional, Universidade de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Phuong L. Mai
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Taymaa May
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, Canada
| | - Iain A. McNeish
- Division of Cancer and Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Usha Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Mongiovi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Finn C. Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catherine Noguès
- Département d’Anticipation et de Suivi des Cancers, Oncogénétique Clinique, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Marseille, France
| | - Edit Oláh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ana Osorio
- Spanish Network on Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- Familial Cancer Clinical Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Papi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences ‘Mario Serio’, Medical Genetics Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Harsh Pathak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Celeste L. Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Inge S. Pedersen
- Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ana Peixoto
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Providence Medical Center, Medford, OR, USA
- Providence Cancer Center, Medford, OR, USA
| | - Pei-Chen Peng
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beth N. Peshkin
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Jess and Mildred Fisher Center for Hereditary Cancer and Clinical Genomics Research, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Genome Diagnostics Program, IFOM - the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Bethan Powell
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Miquel Angel Pujana
- ProCURE, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
- ProCURE, IDIBGI (Girona Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Muhammad U. Rashid
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Basic Sciences, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Gad Rennert
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- The Association for Promotion of Research in Precision Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - George Richenberg
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Dale P. Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Naoko Sasamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Veronica W. Setiawan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Westwood, KS, USA
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christian F. Singer
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katie Snape
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Anna P. Sokolenko
- Department of Tumor Growth Biology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Penny Soucy
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Genetics Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Unité INSERM U830, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rebecca Sutphen
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel R. Teixeira
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Kathryn L. Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liv Cecilie V. Thomsen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Medical Birth Registry of Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amanda E. Toland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Human Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Toon Van Gorp
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Cancer Institute, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Digna R. Velez Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Penelope M. Webb
- Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alice S. Whittemore
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stacey J. Winham
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Yao Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ellen L. Goode
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marc T. Goodman
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cancer Prevention and Genetics Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alvaro N. Monteiro
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- AnaNeo Therapeutics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harvey A. Risch
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Clinical Genome Center, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michelle R. Jones
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Simon A. Gayther
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul D.P. Pharoah
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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2
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Schobers G, Derks R, den Ouden A, Swinkels H, van Reeuwijk J, Bosgoed E, Lugtenberg D, Sun SM, Corominas Galbany J, Weiss M, Blok MJ, Olde Keizer RACM, Hofste T, Hellebrekers D, de Leeuw N, Stegmann A, Kamsteeg EJ, Paulussen ADC, Ligtenberg MJL, Bradley XZ, Peden J, Gutierrez A, Pullen A, Payne T, Gilissen C, van den Wijngaard A, Brunner HG, Nelen M, Yntema HG, Vissers LELM. Genome sequencing as a generic diagnostic strategy for rare disease. Genome Med 2024; 16:32. [PMID: 38355605 PMCID: PMC10868087 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-024-01301-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To diagnose the full spectrum of hereditary and congenital diseases, genetic laboratories use many different workflows, ranging from karyotyping to exome sequencing. A single generic high-throughput workflow would greatly increase efficiency. We assessed whether genome sequencing (GS) can replace these existing workflows aimed at germline genetic diagnosis for rare disease. METHODS We performed short-read GS (NovaSeq™6000; 150 bp paired-end reads, 37 × mean coverage) on 1000 cases with 1271 known clinically relevant variants, identified across different workflows, representative of our tertiary diagnostic centers. Variants were categorized into small variants (single nucleotide variants and indels < 50 bp), large variants (copy number variants and short tandem repeats) and other variants (structural variants and aneuploidies). Variant calling format files were queried per variant, from which workflow-specific true positive rates (TPRs) for detection were determined. A TPR of ≥ 98% was considered the threshold for transition to GS. A GS-first scenario was generated for our laboratory, using diagnostic efficacy and predicted false negative as primary outcome measures. As input, we modeled the diagnostic path for all 24,570 individuals referred in 2022, combining the clinical referral, the transition of the underlying workflow(s) to GS, and the variant type(s) to be detected. RESULTS Overall, 95% (1206/1271) of variants were detected. Detection rates differed per variant category: small variants in 96% (826/860), large variants in 93% (341/366), and other variants in 87% (39/45). TPRs varied between workflows (79-100%), with 7/10 being replaceable by GS. Models for our laboratory indicate that a GS-first strategy would be feasible for 84.9% of clinical referrals (750/883), translating to 71% of all individuals (17,444/24,570) receiving GS as their primary test. An estimated false negative rate of 0.3% could be expected. CONCLUSIONS GS can capture clinically relevant germline variants in a 'GS-first strategy' for the majority of clinical indications in a genetics diagnostic lab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaby Schobers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ronny Derks
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Amber den Ouden
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Hilde Swinkels
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van Reeuwijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ermanno Bosgoed
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Su Ming Sun
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jordi Corominas Galbany
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marjan Weiss
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Richelle A C M Olde Keizer
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Tom Hofste
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Debby Hellebrekers
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Nicole de Leeuw
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Alexander Stegmann
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Aimee D C Paulussen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn J L Ligtenberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Christian Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Han G Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Nelen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Helger G Yntema
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lisenka E L M Vissers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
- Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
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3
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Stolarova L, Kleiblova P, Zemankova P, Stastna B, Janatova M, Soukupova J, Achatz MI, Ambrosone C, Apostolou P, Arun BK, Auer P, Barnard M, Bertelsen B, Blok MJ, Boddicker N, Brunet J, Burnside ES, Calvello M, Campbell I, Chan SH, Chen F, Chiang JB, Coppa A, Cortesi L, Crujeiras-González A, De Leeneer K, De Putter R, DePersia A, Devereux L, Domchek S, Efremidis A, Engel C, Ernst C, Evans DGR, Feliubadaló L, Fostira F, Fuentes-Ríos O, Gómez-García EB, González S, Haiman C, Hansen TVO, Hauke J, Hodge J, Hu C, Huang H, Ishak NDB, Iwasaki Y, Konstantopoulou I, Kraft P, Lacey J, Lázaro C, Li N, Lim WK, Lindstrom S, Lori A, Martinez E, Martins A, Matsuda K, Matullo G, McInerny S, Michailidou K, Montagna M, Monteiro AN, Mori L, Nathanson K, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Olson JE, Palmer J, Pasini B, Patel A, Piane M, Poppe B, Radice P, Renieri A, Resta N, Richardson ME, Rosseel T, Ruddy KJ, Santamariña M, Dos Santos ES, Teras L, Toland AE, Trentham-Dietz A, Vachon CM, Volk AE, Weber-Lassalle N, Weitzel JN, Wiesmuller L, Winham S, Yadav S, Yannoukakos D, Yao S, Zampiga V, Zethoven M, Zhang ZW, Zima T, Spurdle AB, Vega A, Rossing M, Del Valle J, De Nicolo A, Hahnen E, Claes KB, Ngeow J, Momozawa Y, James PA, Couch FJ, Macurek L, Kleibl Z. ENIGMA CHEK2gether Project: A Comprehensive Study Identifies Functionally Impaired CHEK2 Germline Missense Variants Associated with Increased Breast Cancer Risk. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3037-3050. [PMID: 37449874 PMCID: PMC10425727 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Germline pathogenic variants in CHEK2 confer moderately elevated breast cancer risk (odds ratio, OR ∼ 2.5), qualifying carriers for enhanced breast cancer screening. Besides pathogenic variants, dozens of missense CHEK2 variants of uncertain significance (VUS) have been identified, hampering the clinical utility of germline genetic testing (GGT). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We collected 460 CHEK2 missense VUS identified by the ENIGMA consortium in 15 countries. Their functional characterization was performed using CHEK2-complementation assays quantifying KAP1 phosphorylation and CHK2 autophosphorylation in human RPE1-CHEK2-knockout cells. Concordant results in both functional assays were used to categorize CHEK2 VUS from 12 ENIGMA case-control datasets, including 73,048 female patients with breast cancer and 88,658 ethnicity-matched controls. RESULTS A total of 430/460 VUS were successfully analyzed, of which 340 (79.1%) were concordant in both functional assays and categorized as functionally impaired (N = 102), functionally intermediate (N = 12), or functionally wild-type (WT)-like (N = 226). We then examined their association with breast cancer risk in the case-control analysis. The OR and 95% CI (confidence intervals) for carriers of functionally impaired, intermediate, and WT-like variants were 2.83 (95% CI, 2.35-3.41), 1.57 (95% CI, 1.41-1.75), and 1.19 (95% CI, 1.08-1.31), respectively. The meta-analysis of population-specific datasets showed similar results. CONCLUSIONS We determined the functional consequences for the majority of CHEK2 missense VUS found in patients with breast cancer (3,660/4,436; 82.5%). Carriers of functionally impaired missense variants accounted for 0.5% of patients with breast cancer and were associated with a moderate risk similar to that of truncating CHEK2 variants. In contrast, 2.2% of all patients with breast cancer carried functionally wild-type/intermediate missense variants with no clinically relevant breast cancer risk in heterozygous carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Stolarova
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Kleiblova
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Zemankova
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathophysiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Stastna
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Janatova
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Soukupova
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Isabel Achatz
- A.C. Camargo Cancer Center and Oncology Center, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christine Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention & Control, Roswell Park Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
- WCHS Inc., Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Paraskevi Apostolou
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, INRaSTES, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos," Athens, Greece
| | - Banu K. Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Paul Auer
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Equity, and Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- WHI, USA
| | - Mollie Barnard
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Birgitte Bertelsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas Boddicker
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- CARRIERS, USA
| | - Joan Brunet
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL-IGTP-IDIBGI, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elizabeth S. Burnside
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
- WWHS, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Mariarosaria Calvello
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ian Campbell
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sock Hoai Chan
- Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fei Chen
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- MEC, USA
| | - Jian Bang Chiang
- Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anna Coppa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Cortesi
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Ana Crujeiras-González
- Fundacion Publica Galega de Medicina Xenomica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Kim De Leeneer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robin De Putter
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Allison DePersia
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Lisa Devereux
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Lifepool, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susan Domchek
- CARRIERS, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anna Efremidis
- Clinical Cancer Genetics and Family Consultants, CLINICAGENE, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Corinna Ernst
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - D. Gareth R. Evans
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lidia Feliubadaló
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL-IGTP-IDIBGI, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRaSTES, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos," Athens, Greece
| | - Olivia Fuentes-Ríos
- Fundacion Publica Galega de Medicina Xenomica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Encarna B. Gómez-García
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sara González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL-IGTP-IDIBGI, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christopher Haiman
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- MEC, USA
| | - Thomas van Overeem Hansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Hauke
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - James Hodge
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
- CPS3, Kennesaw, Georgia
| | - Chunling Hu
- CARRIERS, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Hongyan Huang
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- NHS, Reston, Virginia
| | | | - Yusuke Iwasaki
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRaSTES, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos," Athens, Greece
| | - Peter Kraft
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- NHS, Reston, Virginia
| | - James Lacey
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, California
- CTS, USA
| | - Conxi Lázaro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL-IGTP-IDIBGI, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Na Li
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Sara Lindstrom
- WHI, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Adriana Lori
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
- American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Elana Martinez
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Alexandra Martins
- Inserm UMR1245, UNIROUEN, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Giuseppe Matullo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Simone McInerny
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Padua, Italy
| | - Alvaro N.A. Monteiro
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Division of Population Sciences, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Luigi Mori
- Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Katherine Nathanson
- CARRIERS, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janet E. Olson
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- MCBCS, USA
| | - Julie Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Barbara Pasini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alpa Patel
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
- CPS-II, USA
| | - Maria Piane
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruce Poppe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paolo Radice
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Nicoletta Resta
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Medical Genetics Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Toon Rosseel
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kathryn J. Ruddy
- MCBCS, USA
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Marta Santamariña
- Fundacion Publica Galega de Medicina Xenomica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Lauren Teras
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
- CPS-II, USA
| | - Amanda E. Toland
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Amy Trentham-Dietz
- WWHS, Charlotte, North Carolina
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Alexander E. Volk
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nana Weber-Lassalle
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Wiesmuller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stacey Winham
- MMHS, USA
- Department Quantitative Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Siddhartha Yadav
- CARRIERS, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRaSTES, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos," Athens, Greece
| | - Song Yao
- WCHS Inc., Baltimore, Maryland
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Valentina Zampiga
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori," Meldola, Italy
| | - Magnus Zethoven
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ze Wen Zhang
- Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tomas Zima
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundacion Publica Galega de Medicina Xenomica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Rossing
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesús Del Valle
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL-IGTP-IDIBGI, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arcangela De Nicolo
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Eric Hahnen
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kathleen B.M. Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joanne Ngeow
- Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Paul A. James
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Inserm UMR1245, UNIROUEN, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- CARRIERS, USA
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Libor Macurek
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Kleibl
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathophysiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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4
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Figlioli G, Billaud A, Ahearn TU, Antonenkova NN, Becher H, Beckmann MW, Behrens S, Benitez J, Bermisheva M, Blok MJ, Bogdanova NV, Bonanni B, Burwinkel B, Camp NJ, Campbell A, Castelao JE, Cessna MH, Chanock SJ, Czene K, Devilee P, Dörk T, Engel C, Eriksson M, Fasching PA, Figueroa JD, Gabrielson M, Gago-Dominguez M, García-Closas M, González-Neira A, Grassmann F, Guénel P, Gündert M, Hadjisavvas A, Hahnen E, Hall P, Hamann U, Harrington PA, He W, Hillemanns P, Hollestelle A, Hooning MJ, Hoppe R, Howell A, Humphreys K, Jager A, Jakubowska A, Khusnutdinova EK, Ko YD, Kristensen VN, Lindblom A, Lissowska J, Lubiński J, Mannermaa A, Manoukian S, Margolin S, Mavroudis D, Newman WG, Obi N, Panayiotidis MI, Rashid MU, Rhenius V, Rookus MA, Saloustros E, Sawyer EJ, Schmutzler RK, Shah M, Sironen R, Southey MC, Suvanto M, Tollenaar RAEM, Tomlinson I, Truong T, van der Kolk LE, van Veen EM, Wappenschmidt B, Yang XR, Bolla MK, Dennis J, Dunning AM, Easton DF, Lush M, Michailidou K, Pharoah PDP, Wang Q, Adank MA, Schmidt MK, Andrulis IL, Chang-Claude J, Nevanlinna H, Chenevix-Trench G, Evans DG, Milne RL, Radice P, Peterlongo P. FANCM missense variants and breast cancer risk: a case-control association study of 75,156 European women. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:578-587. [PMID: 36707629 PMCID: PMC10172381 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01257-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence from literature, including the BRIDGES study, indicates that germline protein truncating variants (PTVs) in FANCM confer moderately increased risk of ER-negative and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), especially for women with a family history of the disease. Association between FANCM missense variants (MVs) and breast cancer risk has been postulated. In this study, we further used the BRIDGES study to test 689 FANCM MVs for association with breast cancer risk, overall and in ER-negative and TNBC subtypes, in 39,885 cases (7566 selected for family history) and 35,271 controls of European ancestry. Sixteen common MVs were tested individually; the remaining rare 673 MVs were tested by burden analyses considering their position and pathogenicity score. We also conducted a meta-analysis of our results and those from published studies. We did not find evidence for association for any of the 16 variants individually tested. The rare MVs were significantly associated with increased risk of ER-negative breast cancer by burden analysis comparing familial cases to controls (OR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.07-2.04; P = 0.017). Higher ORs were found for the subgroup of MVs located in functional domains or predicted to be pathogenic. The meta-analysis indicated that FANCM MVs overall are associated with breast cancer risk (OR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.08-1.38; P = 0.002). Our results support the definition from previous analyses of FANCM as a moderate-risk breast cancer gene and provide evidence that FANCM MVs could be low/moderate risk factors for ER-negative and TNBC subtypes. Further genetic and functional analyses are necessary to clarify better the increased risks due to FANCM MVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisella Figlioli
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Genome Diagnostics Program, Milan, Italy
| | - Amandine Billaud
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Genome Diagnostics Program, Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas U Ahearn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Natalia N Antonenkova
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Heiko Becher
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabine Behrens
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Javier Benitez
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Human Genetics Group, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Bermisheva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Natalia V Bogdanova
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, Heidelberg, Germany
- University of Heidelberg, Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University Womens Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicola J Camp
- University of Utah, Department of Internal Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- University of Edinburgh, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, Edinburgh, UK
- The University of Edinburgh, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jose E Castelao
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo-SERGAS, Oncology and Genetics Unit, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Kamila Czene
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Devilee
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Human Genetics, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Hannover Medical School, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- University of Leipzig, Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Leipzig, Germany
- University of Leipzig, LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter A Fasching
- University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jonine D Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The University of Edinburgh, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
- The University of Edinburgh, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marike Gabrielson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Genomic Medicine Group, International Cancer Genetics and Epidemiology Group, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anna González-Neira
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felix Grassmann
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
- Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Pascal Guénel
- INSERM, University Paris-Saclay, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Team Exposome and Heredity, Villejuif, France
| | - Melanie Gündert
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, Heidelberg, Germany
- University of Heidelberg, Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University Womens Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Hadjisavvas
- The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Eric Hahnen
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne, Germany
| | - Per Hall
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
- Södersjukhuset, Department of Oncology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ute Hamann
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patricia A Harrington
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei He
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Hannover Medical School, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Maartje J Hooning
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reiner Hoppe
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anthony Howell
- University of Manchester, Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - Keith Humphreys
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Agnes Jager
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Szczecin, Poland
- Pomeranian Medical University, Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elza K Khusnutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
- Bashkir State University, Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Ufa, Russia
| | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Johanniter GmbH Bonn, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- M. Sklodowska-Curie National Research Oncology Institute, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- University of Eastern Finland, Translational Cancer Research Area, Kuopio, Finland
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Biobank of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Margolin
- Södersjukhuset, Department of Oncology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dimitrios Mavroudis
- University Hospital of Heraklion, Department of Medical Oncology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - William G Newman
- University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK
- St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, North West Genomics Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK
| | - Nadia Obi
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mihalis I Panayiotidis
- The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Muhammad U Rashid
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Department of Basic Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Valerie Rhenius
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matti A Rookus
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Elinor J Sawyer
- King's College London, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Mitul Shah
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Reijo Sironen
- University of Eastern Finland, Translational Cancer Research Area, Kuopio, Finland
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Monash University, Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Council Victoria, Cancer Epidemiology Division, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maija Suvanto
- University of Helsinki, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rob A E M Tollenaar
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- The University of Edinburgh, Cancer Research Centre, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thérèse Truong
- INSERM, University Paris-Saclay, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Team Exposome and Heredity, Villejuif, France
| | - Lizet E van der Kolk
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Family Cancer Clinic, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elke M van Veen
- University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK
- St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, North West Genomics Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne, Germany
| | - Xiaohong R Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alison M Dunning
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Douglas F Easton
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael Lush
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK
- The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Biostatistics Unit, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK
| | - Qin Wang
- University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK
| | - Muriel A Adank
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Family Cancer Clinic, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Pathology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Molecular Genetics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- University of Helsinki, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - D Gareth Evans
- University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK
- St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, North West Genomics Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK
| | - Roger L Milne
- Monash University, Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Council Victoria, Cancer Epidemiology Division, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paolo Radice
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Experimental Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Genome Diagnostics Program, Milan, Italy.
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Aukema SM, Glaser S, van den Hout MFCM, Dahlum S, Blok MJ, Hillmer M, Kolarova J, Sciot R, Schott DA, Siebert R, Stumpel CTRM. Molecular characterization of an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in a patient with Kabuki syndrome: report and literature review in the light of tumor predisposition syndromes. Fam Cancer 2023; 22:103-118. [PMID: 35856126 PMCID: PMC9829644 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-022-00306-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Kabuki syndrome is a well-recognized syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphism and developmental delay/intellectual disability and in the majority of patients a germline variant in KMT2D is found. As somatic KMT2D variants can be found in 5-10% of tumors a tumor predisposition in Kabuki syndrome is discussed. So far less than 20 patients with Kabuki syndrome and a concomitant malignancy have been published. Here we report on a female patient with Kabuki syndrome and a c.2558_2559delCT germline variant in KMT2D who developed an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) at 10 years. On tumor tissue we performed DNA-methylation profiling and exome sequencing (ES). Copy number analyses revealed aneuploidies typical for ERMS including (partial) gains of chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 8, 12, 15, and 20 and 3 focal deletions of chromosome 11p. DNA methylation profiling mapped the case to ERMS by a DNA methylation-based sarcoma classifier. Sequencing suggested gain of the wild-type KMT2D allele in the trisomy 12. Including our patient literature review identified 18 patients with Kabuki syndrome and a malignancy. Overall, the landscape of malignancies in patients with Kabuki syndrome was reminiscent of that of the pediatric population in general. Histopathological and molecular data were only infrequently reported and no report included next generation sequencing and/or DNA-methylation profiling. Although we found no strong arguments pointing towards KS as a tumor predisposition syndrome, based on the small numbers any relation cannot be fully excluded. Further planned studies including profiling of additional tumors and long term follow-up of KS-patients into adulthood could provide further insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sietse M Aukema
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Selina Glaser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mari F C M van den Hout
- Department of Pathology, Research Institute GROW, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Dahlum
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Morten Hillmer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Julia Kolarova
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Raf Sciot
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, University of Leuven, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Dina A Schott
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Constance T R M Stumpel
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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6
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Nagtzaam IF, van Leersum FS, Kouwenberg LC, Blok MJ, Vreeburg M, Steijlen PM, Gostyński A, van Geel M. STS pathogenic variants in a Dutch patient cohort clinically suspected for X-linked ichthyosis show genetic heterogeneity. Br J Dermatol 2022; 187:820-822. [PMID: 35822528 PMCID: PMC9804759 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.21775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo F. Nagtzaam
- Department of Dermatology,GROW‐School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Frank S. van Leersum
- Department of Dermatology,GROW‐School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Laurie C.M. Kouwenberg
- Department of Dermatology,GROW‐School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- GROW‐School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands,Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical Centre+Maastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Maaike Vreeburg
- Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical Centre+Maastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Peter M. Steijlen
- Department of Dermatology,GROW‐School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Antoni Gostyński
- Department of Dermatology,GROW‐School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Michel van Geel
- Department of Dermatology,GROW‐School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands,Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical Centre+Maastrichtthe Netherlands
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7
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Hakkaart C, Pearson JF, Marquart L, Dennis J, Wiggins GAR, Barnes DR, Robinson BA, Mace PD, Aittomäki K, Andrulis IL, Arun BK, Azzollini J, Balmaña J, Barkardottir RB, Belhadj S, Berger L, Blok MJ, Boonen SE, Borde J, Bradbury AR, Brunet J, Buys SS, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Chung WK, Claes KBM, Collonge-Rame MA, Cook J, Cosgrove C, Couch FJ, Daly MB, Dandiker S, Davidson R, de la Hoya M, de Putter R, Delnatte C, Dhawan M, Diez O, Ding YC, Domchek SM, Donaldson A, Eason J, Easton DF, Ehrencrona H, Engel C, Evans DG, Faust U, Feliubadaló L, Fostira F, Friedman E, Frone M, Frost D, Garber J, Gayther SA, Gehrig A, Gesta P, Godwin AK, Goldgar DE, Greene MH, Hahnen E, Hake CR, Hamann U, Hansen TVO, Hauke J, Hentschel J, Herold N, Honisch E, Hulick PJ, Imyanitov EN, Isaacs C, Izatt L, Izquierdo A, Jakubowska A, James PA, Janavicius R, John EM, Joseph V, Karlan BY, Kemp Z, Kirk J, Konstantopoulou I, Koudijs M, Kwong A, Laitman Y, Lalloo F, Lasset C, Lautrup C, Lazaro C, Legrand C, Leslie G, Lesueur F, Mai PL, Manoukian S, Mari V, Martens JWM, McGuffog L, Mebirouk N, Meindl A, Miller A, Montagna M, Moserle L, Mouret-Fourme E, Musgrave H, Nambot S, Nathanson KL, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Yie JNY, Nguyen-Dumont T, Nikitina-Zake L, Offit K, Olah E, Olopade OI, Osorio A, Ott CE, Park SK, Parsons MT, Pedersen IS, Peixoto A, Perez-Segura P, Peterlongo P, Pocza T, Radice P, Ramser J, Rantala J, Rodriguez GC, Rønlund K, Rosenberg EH, Rossing M, Schmutzler RK, Shah PD, Sharif S, Sharma P, Side LE, Simard J, Singer CF, Snape K, Steinemann D, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Sutter C, Tan YY, Teixeira MR, Teo SH, Thomassen M, Thull DL, Tischkowitz M, Toland AE, Trainer AH, Tripathi V, Tung N, van Engelen K, van Rensburg EJ, Vega A, Viel A, Walker L, Weitzel JN, Wevers MR, Chenevix-Trench G, Spurdle AB, Antoniou AC, Walker LC. Copy number variants as modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1061. [PMID: 36203093 PMCID: PMC9537519 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03978-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of germline copy number variants (CNVs) to risk of developing cancer in individuals with pathogenic BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants remains relatively unknown. We conducted the largest genome-wide analysis of CNVs in 15,342 BRCA1 and 10,740 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. We used these results to prioritise a candidate breast cancer risk-modifier gene for laboratory analysis and biological validation. Notably, the HR for deletions in BRCA1 suggested an elevated breast cancer risk estimate (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.21), 95% confidence interval (95% CI = 1.09-1.35) compared with non-CNV pathogenic variants. In contrast, deletions overlapping SULT1A1 suggested a decreased breast cancer risk (HR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.59-0.91) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers. Functional analyses of SULT1A1 showed that reduced mRNA expression in pathogenic BRCA1 variant cells was associated with reduced cellular proliferation and reduced DNA damage after treatment with DNA damaging agents. These data provide evidence that deleterious variants in BRCA1 plus SULT1A1 deletions contribute to variable breast cancer risk in BRCA1 carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hakkaart
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John F Pearson
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Louise Marquart
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - George A R Wiggins
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Daniel R Barnes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bridget A Robinson
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Canterbury Regional Cancer and Haematology Service, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Peter D Mace
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Banu K Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jacopo Azzollini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Hereditary cancer Genetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa B Barkardottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sami Belhadj
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lieke Berger
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne E Boonen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odence C, Denmark
| | - Julika Borde
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angela R Bradbury
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joan Brunet
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), ONCOBELL-IDIBELL-IGTP, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Saundra S Buys
- Department of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Maria A Caligo
- SOD Genetica Molecolare, University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ian Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Casey Cosgrove
- Gynecologic Oncology, Translational Therapeutics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mary B Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sita Dandiker
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, CIBERONC, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Madrid, Spain
| | - Robin de Putter
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | - Capucine Delnatte
- Oncogénétique, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest siteRené Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Mallika Dhawan
- Cancer Genetics and Prevention Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Orland Diez
- Hereditary cancer Genetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Area of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Susan M Domchek
- Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alan Donaldson
- Clinical Genetics Department, St Michael's Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Jacqueline Eason
- Nottingham Clinical Genetics Service, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hans Ehrencrona
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- North West Genomics Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Ulrike Faust
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lidia Feliubadaló
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), ONCOBELL-IDIBELL-IGTP, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Megan Frone
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Judy Garber
- Cancer Risk and Prevention Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics and the Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- Department of Human Genetics, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paul Gesta
- Service Régional Oncogénétique Poitou-Charentes, CH Niort, Niort, France
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - David E Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eric Hahnen
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas V O Hansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Hauke
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Hentschel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Natalie Herold
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ellen Honisch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Angel Izquierdo
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), ONCOBELL-IDIBELL-IGTP, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paul A James
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Dept. Of Human and Medical Genetics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vijai Joseph
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zoe Kemp
- Breast and Cancer Genetics Units, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Judy Kirk
- Familial Cancer Service, Weatmead Hospital, Wentworthville, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Marco Koudijs
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ava Kwong
- Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Genetics Center, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yael Laitman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Fiona Lalloo
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christine Lasset
- Unité de Prévention et d'Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Charlotte Lautrup
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), ONCOBELL-IDIBELL-IGTP, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer team, Inserm U900, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
| | - Phuong L Mai
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Véronique Mari
- Département d'Hématologie-Oncologie Médicale, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - John W M Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Noura Mebirouk
- Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer team, Inserm U900, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Munich, Campus Großhadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Austin Miller
- NRG Oncology, Statistics and Data Management Center, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Lidia Moserle
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Hannah Musgrave
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Sophie Nambot
- Unité d'oncogénétique, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joanne Ngeow Yuen Yie
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tu Nguyen-Dumont
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ana Osorio
- Familial Cancer Clinical Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) and Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Claus-Eric Ott
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sue K Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Michael T Parsons
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Inge Sokilde Pedersen
- Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ana Peixoto
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Perez-Segura
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, CIBERONC, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Genome Diagnostics Program, IFOM ETS - the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Timea Pocza
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Juliane Ramser
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Gustavo C Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, University of Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Karina Rønlund
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Efraim H Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Rossing
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Payal D Shah
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Saba Sharif
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Westwood, KS, USA
| | | | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Christian F Singer
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katie Snape
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Department of Tumour Biology, INSERM U830, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yen Yen Tan
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Soo Hwang Teo
- Breast Cancer Research Programme, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odence C, Denmark
| | - Darcy L Thull
- Department of Medicine, Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alison H Trainer
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of medicine, University Of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vishakha Tripathi
- South East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Klaartje van Engelen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ana Vega
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alessandra Viel
- Division of Functional onco-genomics and genetics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Lisa Walker
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Jeffrey N Weitzel
- Latin American School of Oncology, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | | | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Logan C Walker
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Vaes RDW, van Dijk DPJ, Welbers TTJ, Blok MJ, Aberle MR, Heij L, Boj SF, Olde Damink SWM, Rensen SS. Generation and initial characterization of novel tumour organoid models to study human pancreatic cancer-induced cachexia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:1509-1524. [PMID: 33047901 PMCID: PMC7749546 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of patients with pancreatic cancer develops cachexia. The mechanisms underlying cancer cachexia development and progression remain elusive, although tumour-derived factors are considered to play a major role. Pancreatic tumour organoids are in vitro three-dimensional organ-like structures that retain many pathophysiological characteristics of the in vivo tumour. We aimed to establish a pancreatic tumour organoid biobank from well-phenotyped cachectic and non-cachectic patients to enable identification of tumour-derived factors driving cancer cachexia. METHODS Organoids were generated from tumour tissue of eight pancreatic cancer patients. A comprehensive pre-operative patient assessment of cachexia-related parameters including nutritional status, physical performance, body composition, and inflammation was performed. Tumour-related and cachexia-related characteristics of the organoids were analysed using histological stainings, targeted sequencing, and real-time-quantitative PCR. Cachexia-related factors present in the circulation of the patients and in the tumour organoid secretome were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The established human pancreatic tumour organoids presented typical features of malignancy corresponding to the primary tumour (i.e. nuclear enlargement, multiple nucleoli, mitosis, apoptosis, and mutated KRAS and/or TP53). These tumour organoids also expressed variable levels of many known cachexia-related genes including interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-α, IL-8, IL-1α, IL-1β, Mcp-1, GDF15, and LIF. mRNA expression of IL-1α and IL-1β was significantly reduced in organoids from cachectic vs. non-cachectic patients (IL-1α: -3.8-fold, P = 0.009, and IL-1β: -4.7-fold, P = 0.004). LIF, IL-8, and GDF15 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in organoids from cachectic vs. non-cachectic patients (LIF: 1.6-fold, P = 0.003; IL-8: 1.4-fold, P = 0.01; GDF15: 2.3-fold, P < 0.001). In line with the GDF15 and IL-8 mRNA expression levels, tumour organoids from cachectic patients secreted more GDF15 and IL-8 compared with organoids from non-cachectic patients (5.4 vs. 1.5 ng/mL, P = 0.01, and 7.4 vs. 1.3 ng/mL, P = 0.07, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This novel human pancreatic tumour organoid biobank provides a valuable tool to increase our understanding of the mechanisms driving cancer cachexia. Our preliminary characterization of the secretome of these organoids supports their application in functional studies including conditioned medium approaches and in vivo transplantation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianne D W Vaes
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - David P J van Dijk
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa T J Welbers
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Merel R Aberle
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lara Heij
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sylvia F Boj
- Foundation Hubrecht Organoid Technology (HUB), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Steven W M Olde Damink
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sander S Rensen
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Barnes DR, Rookus MA, McGuffog L, Leslie G, Mooij TM, Dennis J, Mavaddat N, Adlard J, Ahmed M, Aittomäki K, Andrieu N, Andrulis IL, Arnold N, Arun BK, Azzollini J, Balmaña J, Barkardottir RB, Barrowdale D, Benitez J, Berthet P, Białkowska K, Blanco AM, Blok MJ, Bonanni B, Boonen SE, Borg Å, Bozsik A, Bradbury AR, Brennan P, Brewer C, Brunet J, Buys SS, Caldés T, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Christensen LL, Chung WK, Claes KBM, Colas C, Collonge-Rame MA, Cook J, Daly MB, Davidson R, de la Hoya M, de Putter R, Delnatte C, Devilee P, Diez O, Ding YC, Domchek SM, Dorfling CM, Dumont M, Eeles R, Ejlertsen B, Engel C, Evans DG, Faivre L, Foretova L, Fostira F, Friedlander M, Friedman E, Frost D, Ganz PA, Garber J, Gehrig A, Gerdes AM, Gesta P, Giraud S, Glendon G, Godwin AK, Goldgar DE, González-Neira A, Greene MH, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Hahnen E, Hamann U, Hanson H, Hentschel J, Hogervorst FBL, Hooning MJ, Horvath J, Hu C, Hulick PJ, Imyanitov EN, Isaacs C, Izatt L, Izquierdo A, Jakubowska A, James PA, Janavicius R, John EM, Joseph V, Karlan BY, Kast K, Koudijs M, Kruse TA, Kwong A, Laitman Y, Lasset C, Lazaro C, Lester J, Lesueur F, Liljegren A, Loud JT, Lubiński J, Mai PL, Manoukian S, Mari V, Mebirouk N, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Meindl A, Mensenkamp AR, Miller A, Montagna M, Mouret-Fourme E, Mukherjee S, Mulligan AM, Nathanson KL, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Niederacher D, Nielsen FC, Nikitina-Zake L, Noguès C, Olah E, Olopade OI, Ong KR, O'Shaughnessy-Kirwan A, Osorio A, Ott CE, Papi L, Park SK, Parsons MT, Pedersen IS, Peissel B, Peixoto A, Peterlongo P, Pfeiler G, Phillips KA, Prajzendanc K, Pujana MA, Radice P, Ramser J, Ramus SJ, Rantala J, Rennert G, Risch HA, Robson M, Rønlund K, Salani R, Schuster H, Senter L, Shah PD, Sharma P, Side LE, Singer CF, Slavin TP, Soucy P, Southey MC, Spurdle AB, Steinemann D, Steinsnyder Z, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Sutter C, Tan YY, Teixeira MR, Teo SH, Thull DL, Tischkowitz M, Tognazzo S, Toland AE, Trainer AH, Tung N, van Engelen K, van Rensburg EJ, Vega A, Vierstraete J, Wagner G, Walker L, Wang-Gohrke S, Wappenschmidt B, Weitzel JN, Yadav S, Yang X, Yannoukakos D, Zimbalatti D, Offit K, Thomassen M, Couch FJ, Schmutzler RK, Simard J, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G, Antoniou AC. Polygenic risk scores and breast and epithelial ovarian cancer risks for carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants. Genet Med 2020; 22:1653-1666. [PMID: 32665703 PMCID: PMC7521995 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-020-0862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We assessed the associations between population-based polygenic risk scores (PRS) for breast (BC) or epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with cancer risks for BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. METHODS Retrospective cohort data on 18,935 BRCA1 and 12,339 BRCA2 female pathogenic variant carriers of European ancestry were available. Three versions of a 313 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) BC PRS were evaluated based on whether they predict overall, estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, or ER-positive BC, and two PRS for overall or high-grade serous EOC. Associations were validated in a prospective cohort. RESULTS The ER-negative PRS showed the strongest association with BC risk for BRCA1 carriers (hazard ratio [HR] per standard deviation = 1.29 [95% CI 1.25-1.33], P = 3×10-72). For BRCA2, the strongest association was with overall BC PRS (HR = 1.31 [95% CI 1.27-1.36], P = 7×10-50). HR estimates decreased significantly with age and there was evidence for differences in associations by predicted variant effects on protein expression. The HR estimates were smaller than general population estimates. The high-grade serous PRS yielded the strongest associations with EOC risk for BRCA1 (HR = 1.32 [95% CI 1.25-1.40], P = 3×10-22) and BRCA2 (HR = 1.44 [95% CI 1.30-1.60], P = 4×10-12) carriers. The associations in the prospective cohort were similar. CONCLUSION Population-based PRS are strongly associated with BC and EOC risks for BRCA1/2 carriers and predict substantial absolute risk differences for women at PRS distribution extremes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Barnes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Matti A Rookus
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Epidemiology (PSOE), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thea M Mooij
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Epidemiology (PSOE), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nasim Mavaddat
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julian Adlard
- Chapel Allerton Hospital, Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, UK
| | - Munaza Ahmed
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, London, UK
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- University of Helsinki, Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nadine Andrieu
- Inserm U900, Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer team, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
- Department of Life & Health Sciences, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Molecular Genetics, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Norbert Arnold
- University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Kiel, Germany
- University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel, Germany
| | - Banu K Arun
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jacopo Azzollini
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Milan, Italy
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, High Risk and Cancer Prevention Group, Barcelona, Spain
- University Hospital of Vall d'Hebron, Department of Medical Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa B Barkardottir
- Landspitali University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Reykjavik, Iceland
- University of Iceland, BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Javier Benitez
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pascaline Berthet
- Centre François Baclesse, Département de Biopathologie, Caen, France
| | - Katarzyna Białkowska
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Amie M Blanco
- University of California San Francisco, Cancer Genetics and Prevention Program, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Milan, Italy
| | - Susanne E Boonen
- Zealand University Hospital, Clinical Genetic Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Åke Borg
- Lund University, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Aniko Bozsik
- National Institute of Oncology, Department of Molecular Genetics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Angela R Bradbury
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Northern Genetic Service, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Carole Brewer
- Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics, Exeter, UK
| | - Joan Brunet
- ONCOBELL-IDIBELL-IDIBGI-IGTP, Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, Hereditary Cancer Program, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Saundra S Buys
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Trinidad Caldés
- CIBERONC, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria A Caligo
- University Hospital, SOD Genetica Molecolare, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ian Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Wendy K Chung
- Columbia University, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mary B Daly
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals, Department of Clinical Genetics, Glasgow, UK
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- CIBERONC, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Madrid, Spain
| | - Robin de Putter
- Ghent University, Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Peter Devilee
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Human Genetics, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Orland Diez
- Vall dHebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Oncogenetics Group, Barcelona, Spain
- University Hospital Vall dHebron, Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Department of Population Sciences, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Susan M Domchek
- University of Pennsylvania, Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Martine Dumont
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Genomics Center,, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Ros Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Oncogenetics Team, London, UK
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoph Engel
- University of Leipzig, Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - D Gareth Evans
- The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester Universities Foundation Trust, St. Mary's Hospital, Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester Universities Foundation Trust, St. Mary's Hospital, Genomic Medicine, North West Genomics hub, Manchester, UK
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Unité d'oncogénétique, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Dijon, France
- DHU Dijon, Centre de Génétique, Dijon, France
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Florentia Fostira
- National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Friedlander
- NHMRC Clinical Trials, ANZ GOTG Coordinating Centre, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Eitan Friedman
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patricia A Ganz
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, UCLA, Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention & Control Research, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Cancer Risk and Prevention Clinic, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- University Würzburg, Department of Human Genetics, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Gesta
- CH Niort, Service Régional Oncogénétique Poitou-Charentes, Niort, France
| | - Sophie Giraud
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Genetics, Bron, France
| | - Gord Glendon
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - David E Goldgar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Anna González-Neira
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Eric Hahnen
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne, Germany
| | - Ute Hamann
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helen Hanson
- St George's NHS Foundation Trust, Southwest Thames Regional Genetics Service, London, UK
| | - Julia Hentschel
- University Hospital Leipzig, Institute of Human Genetics, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frans B L Hogervorst
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Family Cancer Clinic, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje J Hooning
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judit Horvath
- University of Münster, Institute of Human Genetics, Münster, Germany
| | - Chunling Hu
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Peter J Hulick
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Center for Medical Genetics, Evanston, IL, USA
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Louise Izatt
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Clinical Genetics, London, UK
| | - Angel Izquierdo
- ONCOBELL-IDIBELL-IDIBGI-IGTP, Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, Hereditary Cancer Program, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Szczecin, Poland
- Pomeranian Medical University, Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paul A James
- The University of Melbourne, Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Esther M John
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vijai Joseph
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- University of California at Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Koudijs
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Medical Genetics, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Torben A Kruse
- Odense University Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ava Kwong
- Cancer Genetics Centre, Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
- The University of Hong Kong, Department of Surgery, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Department of Surgery, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Yael Laitman
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Christine Lasset
- Centre Léon Bérard, Unité de Prévention et d'Epidémiologie Génétique, Lyon, France
- Lyon University, UMR CNRS 5558, Lyon, France
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- ONCOBELL-IDIBELL-IDIBGI-IGTP, Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, Hereditary Cancer Program, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jenny Lester
- University of California at Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Inserm U900, Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer team, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
- Department of Life & Health Sciences, PSL University, Paris, France
| | | | - Jennifer T Loud
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Phuong L Mai
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Milan, Italy
| | - Véronique Mari
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Département d'Hématologie-Oncologie Médicale, Nice, France
| | - Noura Mebirouk
- Inserm U900, Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer team, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
- Department of Life & Health Sciences, PSL University, Paris, France
| | | | - Alfons Meindl
- University of Munich, Campus Großhadern, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Munich, Germany
| | - Arjen R Mensenkamp
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Austin Miller
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, NRG Oncology, Statistics and Data Management Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Semanti Mukherjee
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- University of Toronto, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Health Network, Laboratory Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- University of Pennsylvania, Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Department of Population Sciences, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- University of Helsinki, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Catherine Noguès
- Oncogénétique Clinique and Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Département d'Anticipation et de Suivi des Cancers, Marseille, France
| | - Edith Olah
- National Institute of Oncology, Department of Molecular Genetics, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Kai-Ren Ong
- Birmingham Women's Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham, UK
| | - Aoife O'Shaughnessy-Kirwan
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Osorio
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claus-Eric Ott
- Campus Virchov Klinikum, Charite, Institute of Human Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Papi
- University of Florence, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences 'Mario Serio', Medical Genetics Unit, Florence, Italy
| | - Sue K Park
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Seoul National University Graduate School, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
- Seoul National University, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Michael T Parsons
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Inge Sokilde Pedersen
- Aalborg University Hospital, Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg, Denmark
- Aalborg University Hospital, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg, Denmark
- Aalborg University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Peixoto
- Portuguese Oncology Institute, Department of Genetics, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM - the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Genome Diagnostics Program, Milan, Italy
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Medical University of Vienna, Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karolina Prajzendanc
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Miquel Angel Pujana
- IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, ProCURE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Radice
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Juliane Ramser
- Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Munich, Germany
| | - Susan J Ramus
- University of NSW Sydney, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of NSW Sydney, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Gad Rennert
- Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Yale School of Medicine, Chronic Disease Epidemiology, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark Robson
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karina Rønlund
- Region of Southern Denmark, Vejle Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Ritu Salani
- Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hélène Schuster
- Unité d'Oncogénétique Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Paul Strauss, Strasbourg, France
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, ICANS, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, France
| | - Leigha Senter
- The Ohio State University, Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Payal D Shah
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Westwood, KS, USA
| | | | - Christian F Singer
- Medical University of Vienna, Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Penny Soucy
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Genomics Center,, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Monash University, Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Council Victoria, Cancer Epidemiology Division, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover, Germany
| | - Zoe Steinsnyder
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Institut Curie, Service de Génétique, Paris, France
- INSERM U830, Department of Tumour Biology, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Christian Sutter
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yen Yen Tan
- Medical University of Vienna, Dept of OB/GYN, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Portuguese Oncology Institute, Department of Genetics, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Soo Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Breast Cancer Research Programme, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- University of Malaya, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Darcy L Thull
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- McGill University, Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, Montréal, QC, Canada
- University of Cambridge, Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Silvia Tognazzo
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Padua, Italy
| | - Amanda E Toland
- The Ohio State University, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alison H Trainer
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- University Of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nadine Tung
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Klaartje van Engelen
- Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ana Vega
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Gabriel Wagner
- Medical University of Vienna, Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Walker
- Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford, UK
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- University Hospital Ulm, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Xin Yang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, Athens, Greece
| | - Dario Zimbalatti
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Milan, Italy
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, New York, NY, USA
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Odense University Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense, Denmark
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacques Simard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Genomics Center,, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Patel VL, Busch EL, Friebel TM, Cronin A, Leslie G, McGuffog L, Adlard J, Agata S, Agnarsson BA, Ahmed M, Aittomäki K, Alducci E, Andrulis IL, Arason A, Arnold N, Artioli G, Arver B, Auber B, Azzollini J, Balmaña J, Barkardottir RB, Barnes DR, Barroso A, Barrowdale D, Belotti M, Benitez J, Bertelsen B, Blok MJ, Bodrogi I, Bonadona V, Bonanni B, Bondavalli D, Boonen SE, Borde J, Borg A, Bradbury AR, Brady A, Brewer C, Brunet J, Buecher B, Buys SS, Cabezas-Camarero S, Caldés T, Caliebe A, Caligo MA, Calvello M, Campbell IG, Carnevali I, Carrasco E, Chan TL, Chu ATW, Chung WK, Claes KBM, Collaborators GS, Collaborators E, Cook J, Cortesi L, Couch FJ, Daly MB, Damante G, Darder E, Davidson R, de la Hoya M, Puppa LD, Dennis J, Díez O, Ding YC, Ditsch N, Domchek SM, Donaldson A, Dworniczak B, Easton DF, Eccles DM, Eeles RA, Ehrencrona H, Ejlertsen B, Engel C, Evans DG, Faivre L, Faust U, Feliubadaló L, Foretova L, Fostira F, Fountzilas G, Frost D, García-Barberán V, Garre P, Gauthier-Villars M, Géczi L, Gehrig A, Gerdes AM, Gesta P, Giannini G, Glendon G, Godwin AK, Goldgar DE, Greene MH, Gutierrez-Barrera AM, Hahnen E, Hamann U, Hauke J, Herold N, Hogervorst FBL, Honisch E, Hopper JL, Hulick PJ, Investigators KC, Investigators H, Izatt L, Jager A, James P, Janavicius R, Jensen UB, Jensen TD, Johannsson OT, John EM, Joseph V, Kang E, Kast K, Kiiski JI, Kim SW, Kim Z, Ko KP, Konstantopoulou I, Kramer G, Krogh L, Kruse TA, Kwong A, Larsen M, Lasset C, Lautrup C, Lazaro C, Lee J, Lee JW, Lee MH, Lemke J, Lesueur F, Liljegren A, Lindblom A, Llovet P, Lopez-Fernández A, Lopez-Perolio I, Lorca V, Loud JT, Ma ESK, Mai PL, Manoukian S, Mari V, Martin L, Matricardi L, Mebirouk N, Medici V, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Meindl A, Mensenkamp AR, Miller C, Gomes DM, Montagna M, Mooij TM, Moserle L, Mouret-Fourme E, Mulligan AM, Nathanson KL, Navratilova M, Nevanlinna H, Niederacher D, Nielsen FCC, Nikitina-Zake L, Offit K, Olah E, Olopade OI, Ong KR, Osorio A, Ott CE, Palli D, Park SK, Parsons MT, Pedersen IS, Peissel B, Peixoto A, Pérez-Segura P, Peterlongo P, Petersen AH, Porteous ME, Pujana MA, Radice P, Ramser J, Rantala J, Rashid MU, Rhiem K, Rizzolo P, Robson ME, Rookus MA, Rossing CM, Ruddy KJ, Santos C, Saule C, Scarpitta R, Schmutzler RK, Schuster H, Senter L, Seynaeve CM, Shah PD, Sharma P, Shin VY, Silvestri V, Simard J, Singer CF, Skytte AB, Snape K, Solano AR, Soucy P, Southey MC, Spurdle AB, Steele L, Steinemann D, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Stradella A, Sunde L, Sutter C, Tan YY, Teixeira MR, Teo SH, Thomassen M, Tibiletti MG, Tischkowitz M, Tognazzo S, Toland AE, Tommasi S, Torres D, Toss A, Trainer AH, Tung N, van Asperen CJ, van der Baan FH, van der Kolk LE, van der Luijt RB, van Hest LP, Varesco L, Varon-Mateeva R, Viel A, Vierstraete J, Villa R, von Wachenfeldt A, Wagner P, Wang-Gohrke S, Wappenschmidt B, Weitzel JN, Wieme G, Yadav S, Yannoukakos D, Yoon SY, Zanzottera C, Zorn KK, D'Amico AV, Freedman ML, Pomerantz MM, Chenevix-Trench G, Antoniou AC, Neuhausen SL, Ottini L, Nielsen HR, Rebbeck TR. Association of Genomic Domains in BRCA1 and BRCA2 with Prostate Cancer Risk and Aggressiveness. Cancer Res 2020; 80:624-638. [PMID: 31723001 PMCID: PMC7553241 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic sequence variants (PSV) in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) are associated with increased risk and severity of prostate cancer. We evaluated whether PSVs in BRCA1/2 were associated with risk of overall prostate cancer or high grade (Gleason 8+) prostate cancer using an international sample of 65 BRCA1 and 171 BRCA2 male PSV carriers with prostate cancer, and 3,388 BRCA1 and 2,880 BRCA2 male PSV carriers without prostate cancer. PSVs in the 3' region of BRCA2 (c.7914+) were significantly associated with elevated risk of prostate cancer compared with reference bin c.1001-c.7913 [HR = 1.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25-2.52; P = 0.001], as well as elevated risk of Gleason 8+ prostate cancer (HR = 3.11; 95% CI, 1.63-5.95; P = 0.001). c.756-c.1000 was also associated with elevated prostate cancer risk (HR = 2.83; 95% CI, 1.71-4.68; P = 0.00004) and elevated risk of Gleason 8+ prostate cancer (HR = 4.95; 95% CI, 2.12-11.54; P = 0.0002). No genotype-phenotype associations were detected for PSVs in BRCA1. These results demonstrate that specific BRCA2 PSVs may be associated with elevated risk of developing aggressive prostate cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Aggressive prostate cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers may vary according to the specific BRCA2 mutation inherited by the at-risk individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek L Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Evan L Busch
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tara M Friebel
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Angel Cronin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Adlard
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Simona Agata
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Bjarni A Agnarsson
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Munaza Ahmed
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisa Alducci
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adalgeir Arason
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Grazia Artioli
- ULSS 3 Serenissima, U.O.C. Oncologia ed Ematologia Oncologica, Mirano, Venice, Italy
| | - Brita Arver
- Department of Oncology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernd Auber
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jacopo Azzollini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Judith Balmaña
- High Risk and Cancer Prevention Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa B Barkardottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel R Barnes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alicia Barroso
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Javier Benitez
- Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Birgitte Bertelsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Istvan Bodrogi
- Department of Chemotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- Unité de Prévention et d'Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Bondavalli
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Susanne E Boonen
- Clinical Genetic Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Julika Borde
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ake Borg
- Department of Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Angela R Bradbury
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Angela Brady
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy Galton Centre, The North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Joan Brunet
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, Girona, Spain
| | | | - Saundra S Buys
- Department of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Trinidad Caldés
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Almuth Caliebe
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maria A Caligo
- Section of Molecular Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Calvello
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ian G Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ileana Carnevali
- UO Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale di Circolo-Università dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Estela Carrasco
- High Risk and Cancer Prevention Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tsun L Chan
- Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Cancer Genetics Centre, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Annie T W Chu
- Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Cancer Genetics Centre, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Embrace Collaborators
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Cortesi
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mary B Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Giuseppe Damante
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Esther Darder
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, Girona, Spain
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, South Glasgow University Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Della Puppa
- Division of Functional Onco-genomics and Genetics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Orland Díez
- Oncogenetics Group, Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susan M Domchek
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alan Donaldson
- Clinical Genetics Department, St Michael's Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Bernd Dworniczak
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Diana M Eccles
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Hans Ehrencrona
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Unité d'oncogénétique, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Ulrike Faust
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lídia Feliubadaló
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - George Fountzilas
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, EUROMEDICA General Clinic of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vanesa García-Barberán
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Garre
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lajos Géczi
- Department of Chemotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Gesta
- Service Régional Oncogénétique Poitou-Charentes, CH Niort, Niort, France
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Gord Glendon
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - David E Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Angelica M Gutierrez-Barrera
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Clinical Genetics Program, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eric Hahnen
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Hauke
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Natalie Herold
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frans B L Hogervorst
- Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen Honisch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - KConFab Investigators
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hebon Investigators
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON), Coordinating center: The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Agnes Jager
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul James
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Esther M John
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Vijai Joseph
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Eunyoung Kang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna I Kiiski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Daerim Saint Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Zisun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Kwang-Pil Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gacheon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Gero Kramer
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lotte Krogh
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Torben A Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ava Kwong
- Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Cancer Genetics Centre, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Department of Surgery, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Mirjam Larsen
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christine Lasset
- Unité de Prévention et d'Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Charlotte Lautrup
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jihyoun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine and Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Hyuk Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine and Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Johannes Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer Team, Inserm U900, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
| | | | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia Llovet
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adria Lopez-Fernández
- High Risk and Cancer Prevention Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Lopez-Perolio
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Lorca
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jennifer T Loud
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Edmond S K Ma
- Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Cancer Genetics Centre, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Phuong L Mai
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronique Mari
- Département d'Hématologie-Oncologie Médicale, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Lynn Martin
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Matricardi
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Noura Mebirouk
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer Team, Inserm U900, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
| | - Veronica Medici
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Arjen R Mensenkamp
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Clare Miller
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Alder Hey Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Denise Molina Gomes
- Service de Biologie de la Reproduction, Cytogénétique et Génétique Médicale, CHI Poissy - Saint Germain, Poissy, France
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Thea M Mooij
- Department of Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lidia Moserle
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marie Navratilova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Finn C Cilius Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kenneth Offit
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Kai-Ren Ong
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Claus-Eric Ott
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Sue K Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Michael T Parsons
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Inge Sokilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Peixoto
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pérez-Segura
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Genome Diagnostics Program, IFOM - the FIRC (Italian Foundation for Cancer Research) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mary E Porteous
- South East of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Angel Pujana
- Translational Research Laboratory, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, in Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Juliane Ramser
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Muhammad U Rashid
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Basic Sciences, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kerstin Rhiem
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Piera Rizzolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Mark E Robson
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Matti A Rookus
- Department of Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline M Rossing
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Catarina Santos
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Claire Saule
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Rosa Scarpitta
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hélène Schuster
- Unité d'Oncogénétique, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Paul Strauss, Strasbourg, France
| | - Leigha Senter
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Caroline M Seynaeve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Payal D Shah
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Westwood, Kansas
| | - Vivian Y Shin
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | | | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, Research Centre, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian F Singer
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Katie Snape
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Angela R Solano
- INBIOMED, Faculty of Medicine/CONICET and CEMIC, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical Direction, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Penny Soucy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Westwood, Kansas
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Linda Steele
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Department of Tumour Biology, INSERM U830, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Agostina Stradella
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lone Sunde
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yen Y Tan
- Department of OB/GYN, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Soo Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Tognazzo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Diana Torres
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Angela Toss
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alison H Trainer
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christi J van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lizet E van der Kolk
- Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rob B van der Luijt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Liselotte P van Hest
- Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Liliana Varesco
- Unit of Hereditary Cancer, Department of Epidemiology, Prevention and Special Functions, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) AOU San Martino, IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Raymonda Varon-Mateeva
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alessandra Viel
- Division of Functional Onco-genomics and Genetics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Villa
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Philipp Wagner
- Department of Women's Health, Tubingen University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Greet Wieme
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Sook-Yee Yoon
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Cristina Zanzottera
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Kristin K Zorn
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony V D'Amico
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. Boston, Massachusetts
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11
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Li H, Terry MB, Antoniou AC, Phillips KA, Kast K, Mooij TM, Engel C, Noguès C, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Lasset C, Berthet P, Mari V, Caron O, Barrowdale D, Frost D, Brewer C, Evans DG, Izatt L, Side L, Walker L, Tischkowitz M, Rogers MT, Porteous ME, Snape K, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Gille JJP, Blok MJ, Hoogerbrugge N, Daly MB, Andrulis IL, Buys SS, John EM, McLachlan SA, Friedlander M, Tan YY, Osorio A, Caldes T, Jakubowska A, Simard J, Singer CF, Olah E, Navratilova M, Foretova L, Gerdes AM, Roos-Blom MJ, Arver B, Olsson H, Schmutzler RK, Hopper JL, Milne RL, Easton DF, Van Leeuwen FE, Rookus MA, Andrieu N, Goldgar DE. Alcohol Consumption, Cigarette Smoking, and Risk of Breast Cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers: Results from The BRCA1 and BRCA2 Cohort Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:368-378. [PMID: 31792088 PMCID: PMC7611162 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption have been intensively studied in the general population to assess their effects on the risk of breast cancer, but very few studies have examined these effects in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Given the high breast cancer risk for mutation carriers and the importance of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in DNA repair, better evidence on the associations of these lifestyle factors with breast cancer risk is essential. METHODS Using a large international pooled cohort of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, we conducted retrospective (5,707 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 3,525 BRCA2 mutation carriers) and prospective (2,276 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 1,610 BRCA2 mutation carriers) analyses of alcohol and tobacco consumption using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS For both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, none of the smoking-related variables was associated with breast cancer risk, except smoking for more than 5 years before a first full-term pregnancy (FFTP) when compared with parous women who never smoked. For BRCA1 mutation carriers, the HR from retrospective analysis (HRR) was 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.39] and the HR from prospective analysis (HRP) was 1.36 (95% CI, 0.99-1.87). For BRCA2 mutation carriers, smoking for more than 5 years before an FFTP showed an association of a similar magnitude, but the confidence limits were wider (HRR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01-1.55 and HRP = 1.30; 95% CI, 0.83-2.01). For both carrier groups, alcohol consumption was not associated with breast cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS The finding that smoking during the prereproductive years increases breast cancer risk for mutation carriers warrants further investigation. IMPACT This is the largest prospective study of BRCA mutation carriers to assess these important risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thea M Mooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Catherine Noguès
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Département d'Anticipation et de Suivi des Cancers, Oncogénétique Clinique and Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Marseille, France
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Institut Curie, Service de Génétique Médicale, Paris, France
- Inserm, U830, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Christine Lasset
- Unité de prévention et Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard - Lyon/UMR CNRS 5558, Université de Lyon - Lyon, France
| | - Pascaline Berthet
- Département de biopathologie, Oncogénétique clinique, Centre François Baclesse - Caen, France
| | - Veronique Mari
- CLCC Antoine Lacassagne, Département d'Hématologie - Oncologie médicale, Nice, France
| | - Olivier Caron
- Département de Médecine, Gustave Roussy Hôpital Universitaire - Villejuif, France
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Genomic Medicine, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester University, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Side
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, The Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Walker
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- University of Cambridge Department of Medical Genetics, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Center, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark T Rogers
- All Wales Medical Genetics Services, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Mary E Porteous
- South East of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Snape
- Medical Genetics Unit, St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Johan J P Gille
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicoline Hoogerbrugge
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mary B Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saundra S Buys
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Esther M John
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Sue-Anne McLachlan
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Friedlander
- Department of Medical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yen Y Tan
- Department of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO) and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Trinidad Caldes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, CIBERONC (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, Szczecin, Poland
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christian F Singer
- Department of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marie Navratilova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- The Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie-José Roos-Blom
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Brita Arver
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Flora E Van Leeuwen
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Matti A Rookus
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nadine Andrieu
- INSERM, U900, Paris, France.
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Mines Paris Tech, Fontainebleau, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - David E Goldgar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
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12
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Fokkema IFAC, van der Velde KJ, Slofstra MK, Ruivenkamp CAL, Vogel MJ, Pfundt R, Blok MJ, Lekanne Deprez RH, Waisfisz Q, Abbott KM, Sinke RJ, Rahman R, Nijman IJ, de Koning B, Thijs G, Wieskamp N, Moritz RJG, Charbon B, Saris JJ, den Dunnen JT, Laros JFJ, Swertz MA, van Gijn ME. Dutch genome diagnostic laboratories accelerated and improved variant interpretation and increased accuracy by sharing data. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:2230-2238. [PMID: 31433103 PMCID: PMC6900155 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Each year diagnostic laboratories in the Netherlands profile thousands of individuals for heritable disease using next-generation sequencing (NGS). This requires pathogenicity classification of millions of DNA variants on the standard 5-tier scale. To reduce time spent on data interpretation and increase data quality and reliability, the nine Dutch labs decided to publicly share their classifications. Variant classifications of nearly 100,000 unique variants were catalogued and compared in a centralized MOLGENIS database. Variants classified by more than one center were labeled as "consensus" when classifications agreed, and shared internationally with LOVD and ClinVar. When classifications opposed (LB/B vs. LP/P), they were labeled "conflicting", while other nonconsensus observations were labeled "no consensus". We assessed our classifications using the InterVar software to compare to ACMG 2015 guidelines, showing 99.7% overall consistency with only 0.3% discrepancies. Differences in classifications between Dutch labs or between Dutch labs and ACMG were mainly present in genes with low penetrance or for late onset disorders and highlight limitations of the current 5-tier classification system. The data sharing boosted the quality of DNA diagnostics in Dutch labs, an initiative we hope will be followed internationally. Recently, a positive match with a case from outside our consortium resulted in a more definite disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo F A C Fokkema
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper J van der Velde
- Genomics Coordination Center & Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariska K Slofstra
- Genomics Coordination Center & Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia A L Ruivenkamp
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje J Vogel
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald H Lekanne Deprez
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Quinten Waisfisz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristin M Abbott
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J Sinke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rubayte Rahman
- Department of Research IT, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isaäc J Nijman
- Medicine Department of Genetics, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart de Koning
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Thijs
- DGG-Genomics Software Solutions, Agilent Technologies, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nienke Wieskamp
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben J G Moritz
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Charbon
- Genomics Coordination Center & Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper J Saris
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan T den Dunnen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen F J Laros
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Morris A Swertz
- Genomics Coordination Center & Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marielle E van Gijn
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Medicine Department of Genetics, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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13
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Heemskerk-Gerritsen BAM, Jager A, Koppert LB, Obdeijn AIM, Collée M, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Jenner DJ, Oldenburg HSA, van Engelen K, de Vries J, van Asperen CJ, Devilee P, Blok MJ, Kets CM, Ausems MGEM, Seynaeve C, Rookus MA, Hooning MJ. Survival after bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy in healthy BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 177:723-733. [PMID: 31302855 PMCID: PMC6745043 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background In healthy BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy (BRRM) strongly reduces the risk of developing breast cancer (BC); however, no clear survival benefit of BRRM over BC surveillance has been reported yet. Methods In this Dutch multicenter cohort study, we used multivariable Cox models with BRRM as a time-dependent covariable to estimate the associations between BRRM and the overall and BC-specific mortality rates, separately for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Results During a mean follow-up of 10.3 years, 722 out of 1712 BRCA1 (42%) and 406 out of 1145 BRCA2 (35%) mutation carriers underwent BRRM. For BRCA1 mutation carriers, we observed 52 deaths (20 from BC) in the surveillance group, and 10 deaths (one from BC) after BRRM. The hazard ratios were 0.40 (95% CI 0.20–0.90) for overall mortality and 0.06 (95% CI 0.01–0.46) for BC-specific mortality. BC-specific survival at age 65 was 93% for surveillance and 99.7% for BRRM. For BRCA2 mutation carriers, we observed 29 deaths (7 from BC) in the surveillance group, and 4 deaths (no BC) after BRRM. The hazard ratio for overall mortality was 0.45 (95% CI 0.15–1.36). BC-specific survival at age 65 was 98% for surveillance and 100% for BRRM. Conclusion BRRM was associated with lower mortality than surveillance for BRCA1 mutation carriers, but for BRCA2 mutation carriers, BRRM may lead to similar BC-specific survival as surveillance. Our findings support a more individualized counseling based on BRCA mutation type. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10549-019-05345-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnes Jager
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, PO Box 5201, 3008 AE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linetta B Koppert
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Inge-Marie Obdeijn
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margriet Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Denise J Jenner
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Klaartje van Engelen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jakob de Vries
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christi J van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C Marleen Kets
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet G E M Ausems
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Seynaeve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, PO Box 5201, 3008 AE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matti A Rookus
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje J Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, PO Box 5201, 3008 AE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Brandão RD, Mensaert K, López‐Perolio I, Tserpelis D, Xenakis M, Lattimore V, Walker LC, Kvist A, Vega A, Gutiérrez‐Enríquez S, Díez O, de la Hoya M, Spurdle AB, De Meyer T, Blok MJ. Targeted RNA-seq successfully identifies normal and pathogenic splicing events in breast/ovarian cancer susceptibility and Lynch syndrome genes. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:401-414. [PMID: 30623411 PMCID: PMC6635756 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A subset of genetic variants found through screening of patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) and Lynch syndrome impact RNA splicing. Through target enrichment of the transcriptome, it is possible to perform deep-sequencing and to identify the different and even rare mRNA isoforms. A targeted RNA-seq approach was used to analyse the naturally-occurring splicing events for a panel of 8 breast and/or ovarian cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51C, RAD51D, PTEN, STK11, CDH1, TP53), 3 Lynch syndrome genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6) and the fanconi anaemia SLX4 gene, in which monoallelic mutations were found in non-BRCA families. For BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51C and RAD51D the results were validated by capillary electrophoresis and were compared to a non-targeted RNA-seq approach. We also compared splicing events from lymphoblastoid cell-lines with those from breast and ovarian fimbriae tissues. The potential of targeted RNA-seq to detect pathogenic changes in RNA-splicing was validated by the inclusion of samples with previously well characterized BRCA1/2 genetic variants. In our study, we update the catalogue of normal splicing events for BRCA1/2, provide an extensive catalogue of normal RAD51C and RAD51D alternative splicing, and list splicing events found for eight other genes. Additionally, we show that our approach allowed the identification of aberrant splicing events due to the presence of BRCA1/2 genetic variants and distinguished between complete and partial splicing events. In conclusion, targeted-RNA-seq can be very useful to classify variants based on their putative pathogenic impact on splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita D. Brandão
- Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical Centre+, GROW‐ School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Klaas Mensaert
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling and Bioinformatics Institute Ghent N2NGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Irene López‐Perolio
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory CIBERONCHospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos)MadridSpain
| | - Demis Tserpelis
- Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical Centre+, GROW‐ School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Markos Xenakis
- Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical Centre+, GROW‐ School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Department of Data Science and Knowledge EngineeringMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Vanessa Lattimore
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical ScienceUniversity of OtagoChristchurchNew Zealand
| | - Logan C. Walker
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical ScienceUniversity of OtagoChristchurchNew Zealand
| | - Anders Kvist
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica‐Servicio Galgo de SaúdeGrupo de Medicina Xenómica‐USC, CIBERER, IDISSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | | | - Orland Díez
- Oncogenetics GroupVall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO)BarcelonaSpain
- Area of Clinical and Molecular GeneticsUniversity Hospital of Vall d'HebronBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory CIBERONCHospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos)MadridSpain
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Tim De Meyer
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling and Bioinformatics Institute Ghent N2NGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- CRIG (Cancer Research Institute Ghent)Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical Centre+, GROW‐ School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastrichtThe Netherlands
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15
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Hemming ML, Lawlor MA, Andersen JL, Hagan T, Chipashvili O, Scott TG, Raut CP, Sicinska E, Armstrong SA, Demetri GD, Bradner JE, Ganz PA, Tomlinson G, Olopade OI, Couch FJ, Wang X, Lindor NM, Pankratz VS, Radice P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Barile M, Viel A, Allavena A, Dall'Olio V, Peterlongo P, Szabo CI, Zikan M, Claes K, Poppe B, Foretova L, Mai PL, Greene MH, Rennert G, Lejbkowicz F, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Andrulis IL, Thomassen M, Gerdes AM, Sunde L, Cruger D, Birk Jensen U, Caligo M, Friedman E, Kaufman B, Laitman Y, Milgrom R, Dubrovsky M, Cohen S, Borg A, Jernström H, Lindblom A, Rantala J, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Melin B, Nathanson K, Domchek S, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Huzarski T, Osorio A, Lasa A, Durán M, Tejada MI, Godino J, Benitez J, Hamann U, Kriege M, Hoogerbrugge N, van der Luijt RB, van Asperen CJ, Devilee P, Meijers-Heijboer EJ, Blok MJ, Aalfs CM, Hogervorst F, Rookus M, Cook M, Oliver C, Frost D, Conroy D, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Pichert G, Davidson R, Cole T, Cook J, Paterson J, Hodgson S, Morrison PJ, Porteous ME, Walker L, Kennedy MJ, Dorkins H, Peock S, Godwin AK, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, de Pauw A, Mazoyer S, Bonadona V, Lasset C, Dreyfus H, Leroux D, Hardouin A, Berthet P, Faivre L, Loustalot C, Noguchi T, Sobol H, Rouleau E, Nogues C, Frénay M, Vénat-Bouvet L, Hopper JL, Daly MB, Terry MB, John EM, Buys SS, Yassin Y, Miron A, Goldgar D, Singer CF, Dressler AC, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Pfeiler G, Hansen TVO, Jønson L, Agnarsson BA, Kirchhoff T, Offit K, Devlin V, Dutra-Clarke A, Piedmonte M, Rodriguez GC, Wakeley K, Boggess JF, Basil J, Schwartz PE, Blank SV, Toland AE, Montagna M, Casella C, Imyanitov E, Tihomirova L, Blanco I, Lazaro C, Ramus SJ, Sucheston L, Karlan BY, Gross J, Schmutzler R, Wappenschmidt B, Engel C, Meindl A, Lochmann M, Arnold N, Heidemann S, Varon-Mateeva R, Niederacher D, Sutter C, Deissler H, Gadzicki D, Preisler-Adams S, Kast K, Schönbuchner I, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Aittomäki K, Nevanlinna H, Simard J, Spurdle AB, Holland H, Chen X, Platte R, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF. Enhancer Domains in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Regulate KIT Expression and Are Targetable by BET Bromodomain Inhibition. Cancer Res 2019. [PMID: 18483246 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 655] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by activating mutations in the related receptor tyrosine kinases KIT and PDGFRA. GIST relies on expression of these unamplified receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) genes through a large enhancer domain, resulting in high expression levels of the oncogene required for tumor growth. Although kinase inhibition is an effective therapy for many patients with GIST, disease progression from kinase-resistant mutations is common and no other effective classes of systemic therapy exist. In this study, we identify regulatory regions of the KIT enhancer essential for KIT gene expression and GIST cell viability. Given the dependence of GIST upon enhancer-driven expression of RTKs, we hypothesized that the enhancer domains could be therapeutically targeted by a BET bromodomain inhibitor (BBI). Treatment of GIST cells with BBIs led to cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and cell death, with unique sensitivity in GIST cells arising from attenuation of the KIT enhancer domain and reduced KIT gene expression. BBI treatment in KIT-dependent GIST cells produced genome-wide changes in the H3K27ac enhancer landscape and gene expression program, which was also seen with direct KIT inhibition using a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Combination treatment with BBI and TKI led to superior cytotoxic effects in vitro and in vivo, with BBI preventing tumor growth in TKI-resistant xenografts. Resistance to select BBI in GIST was attributable to drug efflux pumps. These results define a therapeutic vulnerability and clinical strategy for targeting oncogenic kinase dependency in GIST. SIGNIFICANCE: Expression and activity of mutant KIT is essential for driving the majority of GIST neoplasms, which can be therapeutically targeted using BET bromodomain inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Hemming
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Center for Sarcoma and Bone Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew A Lawlor
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica L Andersen
- Center for Sarcoma and Bone Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy Hagan
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Otari Chipashvili
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas G Scott
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chandrajit P Raut
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ewa Sicinska
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott A Armstrong
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - George D Demetri
- Center for Sarcoma and Bone Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Ludwig Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James E Bradner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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16
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Burke LJ, Sevcik J, Gambino G, Tudini E, Mucaki EJ, Shirley BC, Whiley P, Parsons MT, De Leeneer K, Gutiérrez‐Enríquez S, Santamariña M, Caputo SM, Santana dos Santos E, Soukupova J, Janatova M, Zemankova P, Lhotova K, Stolarova L, Borecka M, Moles‐Fernández A, Manoukian S, Bonanni B, Edwards SL, Blok MJ, van Overeem Hansen T, Rossing M, Diez O, Vega A, Claes KB, Goldgar DE, Rouleau E, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Rogan PK, Caligo M, Spurdle AB, Brown MA. BRCA1 and BRCA2 5' noncoding region variants identified in breast cancer patients alter promoter activity and protein binding. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:2025-2039. [PMID: 30204945 PMCID: PMC6282814 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of next generation sequencing for clinical testing is detecting an escalating number of variants in noncoding regions of the genome. The clinical significance of the majority of these variants is currently unknown, which presents a significant clinical challenge. We have screened over 6,000 early-onset and/or familial breast cancer (BC) cases collected by the ENIGMA consortium for sequence variants in the 5' noncoding regions of BC susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, and identified 141 rare variants with global minor allele frequency < 0.01, 76 of which have not been reported previously. Bioinformatic analysis identified a set of 21 variants most likely to impact transcriptional regulation, and luciferase reporter assays detected altered promoter activity for four of these variants. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that three of these altered the binding of proteins to the respective BRCA1 or BRCA2 promoter regions, including NFYA binding to BRCA1:c.-287C>T and PAX5 binding to BRCA2:c.-296C>T. Clinical classification of variants affecting promoter activity, using existing prediction models, found no evidence to suggest that these variants confer a high risk of disease. Further studies are required to determine if such variation may be associated with a moderate or low risk of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie J. Burke
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Jan Sevcik
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Gaetana Gambino
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Section of Molecular GeneticsDepartment of Laboratory MedicineUniversity Hospital of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Emma Tudini
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Eliseos J. Mucaki
- University of Western Ontario, Department of BiochemistrySchulich School of Medicine and DentistryLondonOntarioCanada
| | | | - Phillip Whiley
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Michael T. Parsons
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Kim De Leeneer
- Center for Medical GeneticsGhent University Hospitaland Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | | | - Marta Santamariña
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica‐SERGASGrupo de Medicina Xenómica‐USC, CIBERER, IDISSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Sandrine M. Caputo
- Service de GénétiqueDepartment de Biologie des TumeursInstitut CurieParisFrance
| | - Elizabeth Santana dos Santos
- Service de GénétiqueDepartment de Biologie des TumeursInstitut CurieParisFrance
- Department of oncologyCenter for Translational OncologyCancer Institute of the State of São Paulo ‐ ICESPSão PauloBrazil
- A.C.Camargo Cancer CenterSão PauloBrazil
| | - Jana Soukupova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Marketa Janatova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Petra Zemankova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Klara Lhotova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Lenka Stolarova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Mariana Borecka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | | | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical GeneticsDepartment of Medical Oncology and HematologyFondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT)MilanItaly
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and GeneticsIstituto Europeo di OncologiaMilanItaly
| | - ENIGMA Consortium
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Stacey L. Edwards
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Maria Rossing
- Center for Genomic MedicineCopenhagen University Hospital, RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics GroupVall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO)BarcelonaSpain
- Area of Clinical and Molecular GeneticsUniversity Hospital Vall d'Hebron (UHVH)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica‐SERGASGrupo de Medicina Xenómica‐USC, CIBERER, IDISSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Kathleen B.M. Claes
- Center for Medical GeneticsGhent University Hospitaland Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | | | | | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic TestingDepartment of ResearchFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di MilanoMilanItaly
| | | | - Peter K. Rogan
- University of Western Ontario, Department of BiochemistrySchulich School of Medicine and DentistryLondonOntarioCanada
- CytoGnomix Inc.LondonOntarioCanada
| | - Maria Caligo
- Section of Molecular GeneticsDepartment of Laboratory MedicineUniversity Hospital of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Melissa A. Brown
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
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17
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Rebbeck TR, Friebel TM, Friedman E, Hamann U, Huo D, Kwong A, Olah E, Olopade OI, Solano AR, Teo SH, Thomassen M, Weitzel JN, Chan TL, Couch FJ, Goldgar DE, Kruse TA, Palmero EI, Park SK, Torres D, van Rensburg EJ, McGuffog L, Parsons MT, Leslie G, Aalfs CM, Abugattas J, Adlard J, Agata S, Aittomäki K, Andrews L, Andrulis IL, Arason A, Arnold N, Arun BK, Asseryanis E, Auerbach L, Azzollini J, Balmaña J, Barile M, Barkardottir RB, Barrowdale D, Benitez J, Berger A, Berger R, Blanco AM, Blazer KR, Blok MJ, Bonadona V, Bonanni B, Bradbury AR, Brewer C, Buecher B, Buys SS, Caldes T, Caliebe A, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Caputo S, Chiquette J, Chung WK, Claes KB, Collée JM, Cook J, Davidson R, de la Hoya M, De Leeneer K, de Pauw A, Delnatte C, Diez O, Ding YC, Ditsch N, Domchek SM, Dorfling CM, Velazquez C, Dworniczak B, Eason J, Easton DF, Eeles R, Ehrencrona H, Ejlertsen B, Engel C, Engert S, Evans DG, Faivre L, Feliubadaló L, Ferrer SF, Foretova L, Fowler J, Frost D, Galvão HCR, Ganz PA, Garber J, Gauthier-Villars M, Gehrig A, Gerdes AM, Gesta P, Giannini G, Giraud S, Glendon G, Godwin AK, Greene MH, Gronwald J, Gutierrez-Barrera A, Hahnen E, Hauke J, Henderson A, Hentschel J, Hogervorst FB, Honisch E, Imyanitov EN, Isaacs C, Izatt L, Izquierdo A, Jakubowska A, James P, Janavicius R, Jensen UB, John EM, Joseph V, Kaczmarek K, Karlan BY, Kast K, Kim SW, Konstantopoulou I, Korach J, Laitman Y, Lasa A, Lasset C, Lázaro C, Lee A, Lee MH, Lester J, Lesueur F, Liljegren A, Lindor NM, Longy M, Loud JT, Lu KH, Lubinski J, Machackova E, Manoukian S, Mari V, Martínez-Bouzas C, Matrai Z, Mebirouk N, Meijers-Heijboer HE, Meindl A, Mensenkamp AR, Mickys U, Miller A, Montagna M, Moysich KB, Mulligan AM, Musinsky J, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Ngeow J, Nguyen HP, Niederacher D, Nielsen HR, Nielsen FC, Nussbaum RL, Offit K, Öfverholm A, Ong KR, Osorio A, Papi L, Papp J, Pasini B, Pedersen IS, Peixoto A, Peruga N, Peterlongo P, Pohl E, Pradhan N, Prajzendanc K, Prieur F, Pujol P, Radice P, Ramus SJ, Rantala J, Rashid MU, Rhiem K, Robson M, Rodriguez GC, Rogers MT, Rudaitis V, Schmidt AY, Schmutzler RK, Senter L, Shah PD, Sharma P, Side LE, Simard J, Singer CF, Skytte AB, Slavin TP, Snape K, Sobol H, Southey M, Steele L, Steinemann D, Sukiennicki G, Sutter C, Szabo CI, Tan YY, Teixeira MR, Terry MB, Teulé A, Thomas A, Thull DL, Tischkowitz M, Tognazzo S, Toland AE, Topka S, Trainer AH, Tung N, van Asperen CJ, van der Hout AH, van der Kolk LE, van der Luijt RB, Van Heetvelde M, Varesco L, Varon-Mateeva R, Vega A, Villarreal-Garza C, von Wachenfeldt A, Walker L, Wang-Gohrke S, Wappenschmidt B, Weber BHF, Yannoukakos D, Yoon SY, Zanzottera C, Zidan J, Zorn KK, Hutten Selkirk CG, Hulick PJ, Chenevix-Trench G, Spurdle AB, Antoniou AC, Nathanson KL. Mutational spectrum in a worldwide study of 29,700 families with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:593-620. [PMID: 29446198 PMCID: PMC5903938 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence and spectrum of germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been reported in single populations, with the majority of reports focused on White in Europe and North America. The Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA) has assembled data on 18,435 families with BRCA1 mutations and 11,351 families with BRCA2 mutations ascertained from 69 centers in 49 countries on six continents. This study comprehensively describes the characteristics of the 1,650 unique BRCA1 and 1,731 unique BRCA2 deleterious (disease-associated) mutations identified in the CIMBA database. We observed substantial variation in mutation type and frequency by geographical region and race/ethnicity. In addition to known founder mutations, mutations of relatively high frequency were identified in specific racial/ethnic or geographic groups that may reflect founder mutations and which could be used in targeted (panel) first pass genotyping for specific populations. Knowledge of the population-specific mutational spectrum in BRCA1 and BRCA2 could inform efficient strategies for genetic testing and may justify a more broad-based oncogenetic testing in some populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R. Rebbeck
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, 1101 Dana Building, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tara M. Friebel
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, 1101 Dana Building, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dezheng Huo
- 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 2115 Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ava Kwong
- The Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Cancer Genetics Center, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Angela R. Solano
- INBIOMED, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires/CONICET and CEMIC, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical Direction, Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, 1 Jalan SS12/1A, Subang Jaya, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sonder Boulevard 29, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Jeffrey N. Weitzel
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, California 91010 USA
| | - TL Chan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, 1/F Li Shu Fan Block, 2 Village Road, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - David E. Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, SOM 4B454, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Torben A. Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sonder Boulevard 29, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Edenir Inêz Palmero
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sue Kyung Park
- 1) Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine; 2) Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School; 3) Cancer Research Center, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Diana Torres
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7, Bogota, 11001000, Colombia
| | - Elizabeth J. van Rensburg
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia 0007, South Africa
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael T. Parsons
- Genetics and Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cora M. Aalfs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, P.O. Box 22700, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julio Abugattas
- City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Julian Adlard
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Simona Agata
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, Italy
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. BOX 160 (Meilahdentie 2), 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Lesley Andrews
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW 2031 Australia
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Adalgeir Arason
- Department of Pathology, hus 9, Landspitali-LSH v/Hringbraut, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Germany
| | - Banu K. Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, University Of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Pressler Street, CBP 5, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ella Asseryanis
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Leo Auerbach
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacopo Azzollini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Instituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Department of Medical Oncology. University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Barile
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Rosa B. Barkardottir
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, hus 9, Landspitali-LSH v/Hringbraut, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland and BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegi 16, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group and Genotyping Unit (CEGEN), Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain. Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Berger
- Dept of OB/GYN, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Raanan Berger
- The Institute of Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Amie M. Blanco
- UCSF Cancer Genetics and Prevention Program, San Francisco, CA 94143-1714
| | - Kathleen R. Blazer
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, California 91010 USA
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- Unité de Prévention et d’Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon, France
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela R. Bradbury
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Bruno Buecher
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, 26, rue d’Ulm, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Saundra S. Buys
- Department of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Trinidad Caldes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, CIBERONC. Martin Lagos s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almuth Caliebe
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Germany
| | - Maria A. Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ian Campbell
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Gratten Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Sandrine Caputo
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, 26, rue d’Ulm, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Jocelyne Chiquette
- CRCHU de Quebec-oncologie, Centre des maladies du sein Deschênes-Fabia, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement,1050, chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec Canada
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032 USA
| | - Kathleen B.M. Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - J. Margriet Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, South Glasgow University Hospitals, Glasgow, UK
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, CIBERONC. Martin Lagos s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kim De Leeneer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Antoine de Pauw
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, 26, rue d’Ulm, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Capucine Delnatte
- Unité d'oncogénétique, ICO-Centre René Gauducheau, Boulevard Jacques Monod, 44805 Nantes Saint Herblain Cedex, France
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA USA
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Germany
| | - Susan M. Domchek
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cecilia M. Dorfling
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia 0007, South Africa
| | - Carolina Velazquez
- Cáncer Hereditario, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid, Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, UVA-CSIC. Valladolid, Spain
| | - Bernd Dworniczak
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Eason
- Nottingham Clinical Genetics Service, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ros Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Hans Ehrencrona
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - EMBRACE
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefanie Engert
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Georges François Leclerc, 1 rue Professeur Marion, BP 77 980, Dijon Cedex, France and Genomic and Immunotherapy Medical Institute, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Lidia Feliubadaló
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, ICO-IDIBELL (Catalan Institute of Oncology-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), CIBERONC, Gran Via de l'Hospitalet, 199-203. 08908 L'Hospitalet. Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Fert Ferrer
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôtel Dieu Centre Hospitalier, BP 1125 Chambéry, France
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic
| | - Jeffrey Fowler
- Ohio State University /Columbus Cancer Council, Columbus, OH 43221, USA
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Patricia A. Ganz
- UCLA Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention & Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Room A2-125 HS, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6900, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Cancer Risk and Prevention Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Andrea Gehrig
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Würzburg, Germany
| | - GEMO Study Collaborators
- Institut Curie, Department of Tumour Biology, Paris, France; Institut Curie, INSERM U830, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet 4062, Blegdamsvej 9, København Ø, Denmark
| | - Paul Gesta
- Service Régional Oncogénétique Poitou-Charentes, Centre Hospitalier, 79021 Niort
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, and Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Giraud
- Bâtiment Cheney D, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon, France
| | - Gord Glendon
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network: Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard,4019 Wahl Hall East, MS 3040, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Mark H. Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, DCEG, NCI, NIH, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E-454, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Angelica Gutierrez-Barrera
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, University Of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Pressler Street, CBP 5, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Hahnen
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Hauke
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - HEBON
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON), Coordinating center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Henderson
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julia Hentschel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frans B.L. Hogervorst
- Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institute, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Honisch
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Angel Izquierdo
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, Av. França s/n. 1707 Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paul James
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Gratten Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Hereditary Cancer Competence Center Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center Room P519 Santariskiu st. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgaardsvej 21C, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Esther M. John
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, 2201 Walnut Avenue, Suite 300, Fremont, CA 94538, USA and Department of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vijai Joseph
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Dept. of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10044, USA
| | - Katarzyna Kaczmarek
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - KConFab Investigators
- Research Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Daerim St. Mary's Hospital, 657 Siheung-daero, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES (Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology), National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Gregoriou & Neapoleos str., Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - Jacob Korach
- The Gyneco-Oncology Department, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Yael Laitman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Adriana Lasa
- Servicio de Genética-CIBERER U705, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona
| | - Christine Lasset
- Unité de Prévention et d’Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon, France
| | - Conxi Lázaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, ICO-IDIBELL (Catalan Institute of Oncology-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), CIBERONC, Gran Via de l'Hospitalet, 199-203. 08908 L'Hospitalet. Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annette Lee
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research 350 Community Drive Manhasset NY
| | - Min Hyuk Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University and Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-Ro, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Mines ParisTech, Inserm U900, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Annelie Liljegren
- Department of Oncology Radiumhemmet and Institution of Oncology and Patology, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet
| | - Noralane M. Lindor
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 13400 E. Scottsdale Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Michel Longy
- Oncogénétique, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jennifer T. Loud
- Clinical Genetics Branch, DCEG, NCI, NIH, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E-536, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karen H. Lu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, University Of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Pressler Street, CPB 6, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Eva Machackova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Instituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Véronique Mari
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Avenue de Valombrose, Nice, France
| | - Cristina Martínez-Bouzas
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Spain
| | - Zoltan Matrai
- Department of Surgery, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noura Mebirouk
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Mines ParisTech, Inserm U900, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Hanne E.J. Meijers-Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Arjen R. Mensenkamp
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ugnius Mickys
- Vilnius university Santariskiu hospital, National Center of Pathology, Baublio st. 5, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Austin Miller
- NRG Oncology, Statistics and Data Management Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm St & Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, Italy
| | - Kirsten B. Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jacob Musinsky
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Dept. of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10044, USA
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, P.O. BOX 700 (Haartmaninkatu 8), 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Joanne Ngeow
- Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610
| | - Huu Phuc Nguyen
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henriette Roed Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sonder Boulevard 29, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Dept. of Medicine, Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10044, USA
| | - Anna Öfverholm
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kai-ren Ong
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain. Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Papi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Janos Papp
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Pasini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 19, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Inge Sokilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Reberbansgade 15, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ana Peixoto
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal, and Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nina Peruga
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM, The FIRC (Italian Foundation for Cancer Research) Institute of Molecular Oncology, via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Esther Pohl
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nisha Pradhan
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Dept. of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10044, USA
| | - Karolina Prajzendanc
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Fabienne Prieur
- Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, Hôpital Nord, CHU Saint Etienne, St Etienne cedex 2, France
| | - Pascal Pujol
- Unité d'Oncogénétique, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), c/o Amaedeolab, via GA Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Australia
| | - Johanna Rantala
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital L5:03, Stockholm S-171 76, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Usman Rashid
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Basic Sciences, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC) 7A, Block R3, Johar Town, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Kerstin Rhiem
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mark Robson
- Clinical Genetics Services, Dept. of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gustavo C. Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, North Shore University Health System, Clinical Professor, University of Chicago, 2650 Ridge Avenue, Suite 1507 Walgreens, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Mark T. Rogers
- All Wales Medical Genetics Services, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Vilius Rudaitis
- Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Centre of Woman's Health and pathology, Department of Gynecology, Santariskiu st. 2, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ane Y. Schmidt
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rita Katharina Schmutzler
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Leigha Senter
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Payal D. Shah
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Suite 210, 2330 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Westwood, KS, USA
| | - Lucy E. Side
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada
| | - Christian F. Singer
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anne-Bine Skytte
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgaardsvej 21C, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Thomas P. Slavin
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, California 91010 USA
| | - Katie Snape
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George's, University of London, UK
| | - Hagay Sobol
- Département Oncologie Génétique, Prévention et Dépistage, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 232 boulevard Sainte-Margueritte, Marseille, France
| | - Melissa Southey
- Département Oncologie Génétique, Prévention et Dépistage, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 232 boulevard Sainte-Margueritte, Marseille, France
| | - Linda Steele
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA USA
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Grzegorz Sukiennicki
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Christian Sutter
- Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Csilla I. Szabo
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health Building 50, Room 5312, 50 South Drive, MSC 004, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yen Y. Tan
- Dept of OB/GYN, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel R. Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal, and Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alex Teulé
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, Gran Via de l'Hospitalet, 199-203. 08908 L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abigail Thomas
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Darcy L. Thull
- Department of Medicine, Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Silvia Tognazzo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, Italy
| | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- Division of Human Genetics, Departments of Internal Medicine and Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W. 12 Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sabine Topka
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Dept. of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10044, USA
| | - Alison H Trainer
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Christi J. van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Rob B. van der Luijt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Liliana Varesco
- Unit of Hereditary Cancer, Department of Epidemiology, Prevention and Special Functions, IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica, calle Choupana s/n, Edificio de Consultas, Planta menos dos Santiago de Compostal, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Cynthia Villarreal-Garza
- Departamento de Investigacion y de Tumores Mamarios del Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City; and Centro de Cancer de Mama del Hospital Zambrano Hellion, Tecnologico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza Garcia, Nuevo Leon
| | | | - Lisa Walker
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES (Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology), National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Gregoriou & Neapoleos str., Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - Sook-Yee Yoon
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, 1 Jalan SS12/1A, Subang Jaya, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Cristina Zanzottera
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Instituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Jamal Zidan
- Institute of Oncology, Rivka Ziv Medical Center, 13000 Zefat, Israel
| | - Kristin K. Zorn
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christina G. Hutten Selkirk
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem,1000 Central St, Suite 620, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Peter J. Hulick
- Medical Director, Center for Medical Genetics, North Shore University Health System, Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, 1000 Central Street, Suite 620, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Genetics and Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Genetics and Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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18
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Milne RL, Kuchenbaecker KB, Michailidou K, Beesley J, Kar S, Lindström S, Hui S, Lemaçon A, Soucy P, Dennis J, Jiang X, Rostamianfar A, Finucane H, Bolla MK, McGuffog L, Wang Q, Aalfs CM, Adams M, Adlard J, Agata S, Ahmed S, Ahsan H, Aittomäki K, Al-Ejeh F, Allen J, Ambrosone CB, Amos CI, Andrulis IL, Anton-Culver H, Antonenkova NN, Arndt V, Arnold N, Aronson KJ, Auber B, Auer PL, Ausems MGEM, Azzollini J, Bacot F, Balmaña J, Barile M, Barjhoux L, Barkardottir RB, Barrdahl M, Barnes D, Barrowdale D, Baynes C, Beckmann MW, Benitez J, Bermisheva M, Bernstein L, Bignon YJ, Blazer KR, Blok MJ, Blomqvist C, Blot W, Bobolis K, Boeckx B, Bogdanova NV, Bojesen A, Bojesen SE, Bonanni B, Børresen-Dale AL, Bozsik A, Bradbury AR, Brand JS, Brauch H, Brenner H, Bressac-de Paillerets B, Brewer C, Brinton L, Broberg P, Brooks-Wilson A, Brunet J, Brüning T, Burwinkel B, Buys SS, Byun J, Cai Q, Caldés T, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Canzian F, Caron O, Carracedo A, Carter BD, Castelao JE, Castera L, Caux-Moncoutier V, Chan SB, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Chen X, Cheng TYD, Chiquette J, Christiansen H, Claes KBM, Clarke CL, Conner T, Conroy DM, Cook J, Cordina-Duverger E, Cornelissen S, Coupier I, Cox A, Cox DG, Cross SS, Cuk K, Cunningham JM, Czene K, Daly MB, Damiola F, Darabi H, Davidson R, De Leeneer K, Devilee P, Dicks E, Diez O, Ding YC, Ditsch N, Doheny KF, Domchek SM, Dorfling CM, Dörk T, Dos-Santos-Silva I, Dubois S, Dugué PA, Dumont M, Dunning AM, Durcan L, Dwek M, Dworniczak B, Eccles D, Eeles R, Ehrencrona H, Eilber U, Ejlertsen B, Ekici AB, Eliassen AH, Engel C, Eriksson M, Fachal L, Faivre L, Fasching PA, Faust U, Figueroa J, Flesch-Janys D, Fletcher O, Flyger H, Foulkes WD, Friedman E, Fritschi L, Frost D, Gabrielson M, Gaddam P, Gammon MD, Ganz PA, Gapstur SM, Garber J, Garcia-Barberan V, García-Sáenz JA, Gaudet MM, Gauthier-Villars M, Gehrig A, Georgoulias V, Gerdes AM, Giles GG, Glendon G, Godwin AK, Goldberg MS, Goldgar DE, González-Neira A, Goodfellow P, Greene MH, Alnæs GIG, Grip M, Gronwald J, Grundy A, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Guénel P, Guo Q, Haeberle L, Hahnen E, Haiman CA, Håkansson N, Hallberg E, Hamann U, Hamel N, Hankinson S, Hansen TVO, Harrington P, Hart SN, Hartikainen JM, Healey CS, Hein A, Helbig S, Henderson A, Heyworth J, Hicks B, Hillemanns P, Hodgson S, Hogervorst FB, Hollestelle A, Hooning MJ, Hoover B, Hopper JL, Hu C, Huang G, Hulick PJ, Humphreys K, Hunter DJ, Imyanitov EN, Isaacs C, Iwasaki M, Izatt L, Jakubowska A, James P, Janavicius R, Janni W, Jensen UB, John EM, Johnson N, Jones K, Jones M, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Kaaks R, Kabisch M, Kaczmarek K, Kang D, Kast K, Keeman R, Kerin MJ, Kets CM, Keupers M, Khan S, Khusnutdinova E, Kiiski JI, Kim SW, Knight JA, Konstantopoulou I, Kosma VM, Kristensen VN, Kruse TA, Kwong A, Lænkholm AV, Laitman Y, Lalloo F, Lambrechts D, Landsman K, Lasset C, Lazaro C, Le Marchand L, Lecarpentier J, Lee A, Lee E, Lee JW, Lee MH, Lejbkowicz F, Lesueur F, Li J, Lilyquist J, Lincoln A, Lindblom A, Lissowska J, Lo WY, Loibl S, Long J, Loud JT, Lubinski J, Luccarini C, Lush M, MacInnis RJ, Maishman T, Makalic E, Kostovska IM, Malone KE, Manoukian S, Manson JE, Margolin S, Martens JWM, Martinez ME, Matsuo K, Mavroudis D, Mazoyer S, McLean C, Meijers-Heijboer H, Menéndez P, Meyer J, Miao H, Miller A, Miller N, Mitchell G, Montagna M, Muir K, Mulligan AM, Mulot C, Nadesan S, Nathanson KL, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Nevelsteen I, Niederacher D, Nielsen SF, Nordestgaard BG, Norman A, Nussbaum RL, Olah E, Olopade OI, Olson JE, Olswold C, Ong KR, Oosterwijk JC, Orr N, Osorio A, Pankratz VS, Papi L, Park-Simon TW, Paulsson-Karlsson Y, Lloyd R, Pedersen IS, Peissel B, Peixoto A, Perez JIA, Peterlongo P, Peto J, Pfeiler G, Phelan CM, Pinchev M, Plaseska-Karanfilska D, Poppe B, Porteous ME, Prentice R, Presneau N, Prokofieva D, Pugh E, Pujana MA, Pylkäs K, Rack B, Radice P, Rahman N, Rantala J, Rappaport-Fuerhauser C, Rennert G, Rennert HS, Rhenius V, Rhiem K, Richardson A, Rodriguez GC, Romero A, Romm J, Rookus MA, Rudolph A, Ruediger T, Saloustros E, Sanders J, Sandler DP, Sangrajrang S, Sawyer EJ, Schmidt DF, Schoemaker MJ, Schumacher F, Schürmann P, Schwentner L, Scott C, Scott RJ, Seal S, Senter L, Seynaeve C, Shah M, Sharma P, Shen CY, Sheng X, Shimelis H, Shrubsole MJ, Shu XO, Side LE, Singer CF, Sohn C, Southey MC, Spinelli JJ, Spurdle AB, Stegmaier C, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Sukiennicki G, Surowy H, Sutter C, Swerdlow A, Szabo CI, Tamimi RM, Tan YY, Taylor JA, Tejada MI, Tengström M, Teo SH, Terry MB, Tessier DC, Teulé A, Thöne K, Thull DL, Tibiletti MG, Tihomirova L, Tischkowitz M, Toland AE, Tollenaar RAEM, Tomlinson I, Tong L, Torres D, Tranchant M, Truong T, Tucker K, Tung N, Tyrer J, Ulmer HU, Vachon C, van Asperen CJ, Van Den Berg D, van den Ouweland AMW, van Rensburg EJ, Varesco L, Varon-Mateeva R, Vega A, Viel A, Vijai J, Vincent D, Vollenweider J, Walker L, Wang Z, Wang-Gohrke S, Wappenschmidt B, Weinberg CR, Weitzel JN, Wendt C, Wesseling J, Whittemore AS, Wijnen JT, Willett W, Winqvist R, Wolk A, Wu AH, Xia L, Yang XR, Yannoukakos D, Zaffaroni D, Zheng W, Zhu B, Ziogas A, Ziv E, Zorn KK, Gago-Dominguez M, Mannermaa A, Olsson H, Teixeira MR, Stone J, Offit K, Ottini L, Park SK, Thomassen M, Hall P, Meindl A, Schmutzler RK, Droit A, Bader GD, Pharoah PDP, Couch FJ, Easton DF, Kraft P, Chenevix-Trench G, García-Closas M, Schmidt MK, Antoniou AC, Simard J. Identification of ten variants associated with risk of estrogen-receptor-negative breast cancer. Nat Genet 2017; 49:1767-1778. [PMID: 29058716 PMCID: PMC5808456 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most common breast cancer susceptibility variants have been identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of predominantly estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease. We conducted a GWAS using 21,468 ER-negative cases and 100,594 controls combined with 18,908 BRCA1 mutation carriers (9,414 with breast cancer), all of European origin. We identified independent associations at P < 5 × 10-8 with ten variants at nine new loci. At P < 0.05, we replicated associations with 10 of 11 variants previously reported in ER-negative disease or BRCA1 mutation carrier GWAS and observed consistent associations with ER-negative disease for 105 susceptibility variants identified by other studies. These 125 variants explain approximately 16% of the familial risk of this breast cancer subtype. There was high genetic correlation (0.72) between risk of ER-negative breast cancer and breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers. These findings may lead to improved risk prediction and inform further fine-mapping and functional work to better understand the biological basis of ER-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karoline B Kuchenbaecker
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Electron Microscopy/Molecular Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Siddhartha Kar
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara Lindström
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shirley Hui
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Audrey Lemaçon
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Penny Soucy
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xia Jiang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Hilary Finucane
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cora M Aalfs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcia Adams
- Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Julian Adlard
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Simona Agata
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV), IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Shahana Ahmed
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fares Al-Ejeh
- Personalised Medicine Team, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jamie Allen
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Christopher I Amos
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Natalia N Antonenkova
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology / Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kristan J Aronson
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernd Auber
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Paul L Auer
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Margreet G E M Ausems
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jacopo Azzollini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - François Bacot
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Barile
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rosa B Barkardottir
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, Landspitali, Reykjavik, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Myrto Barrdahl
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Barnes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline Baynes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genotyping Unit -Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN), Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Bermisheva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Leslie Bernstein
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, U1240, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - William Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristie Bobolis
- City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Bram Boeckx
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natalia V Bogdanova
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anders Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aniko Bozsik
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Angela R Bradbury
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Judith S Brand
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Louise Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Per Broberg
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Angela Brooks-Wilson
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joan Brunet
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saundra S Buys
- Department of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jinyoung Byun
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Trinidad Caldés
- Medical Oncology Department, CIBERONC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria A Caligo
- Section of Molecular Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ian Campbell
- Research Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olivier Caron
- Gustave Roussy, Biopathology Department, Villejuif, France
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servizo Galego de Saúde SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) and Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN-PRB2), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Brian D Carter
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - J Esteban Castelao
- Oncology and Genetics Unit, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBI) de Orense-Pontevedra-Vigo, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Vigo, Servizo Galego de Saúde SERGAS, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Virginie Caux-Moncoutier
- Service de Génétique Oncologique and INSERM U830, Institut Curie, Paris, France - Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité
| | | | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jocelyne Chiquette
- Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Hans Christiansen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Christine L Clarke
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas Conner
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Don M Conroy
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Emilie Cordina-Duverger
- Cancer and Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Sten Cornelissen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Coupier
- Unité d'Oncogénétique, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | - Angela Cox
- Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David G Cox
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- INSERM U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Simon S Cross
- Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Katarina Cuk
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mary B Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Hatef Darabi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, South Glasgow University Hospitals, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kim De Leeneer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ed Dicks
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kimberly F Doheny
- Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan M Domchek
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cecilia M Dorfling
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, South Africa
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Isabel Dos-Santos-Silva
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Stéphane Dubois
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre-Antoine Dugué
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martine Dumont
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lorraine Durcan
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Miriam Dwek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Bernd Dworniczak
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Diana Eccles
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ros Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Hans Ehrencrona
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ursula Eilber
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE-Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Fachal
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Genetics Department, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
- Oncogenetics, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ulrike Faust
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonine Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, CRUK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Cancer Registry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Henrik Flyger
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - William D Foulkes
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eitan Friedman
- Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Lin Fritschi
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marike Gabrielson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pragna Gaddam
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marilie D Gammon
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Patricia A Ganz
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Cancer Risk and Prevention Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - José A García-Sáenz
- Medical Oncology Department, CIBERONC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Marion Gauthier-Villars
- Service de Génétique Oncologique and INSERM U830, Institut Curie, Paris, France - Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gord Glendon
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Mark S Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - David E Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Anna González-Neira
- Human Genotyping Unit -Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN), Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul Goodfellow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Grethe I Grenaker Alnæs
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mervi Grip
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anne Grundy
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Daphne Gschwantler-Kaulich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Cancer and Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Qi Guo
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lothar Haeberle
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eric Hahnen
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Niclas Håkansson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emily Hallberg
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Hamel
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Susan Hankinson
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas V O Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patricia Harrington
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Steven N Hart
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Catherine S Healey
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander Hein
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sonja Helbig
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alex Henderson
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Jane Heyworth
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Belynda Hicks
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory (CGR), Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Shirley Hodgson
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Frans B Hogervorst
- Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antoinette Hollestelle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maartje J Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bob Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chunling Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Guanmengqian Huang
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Keith Humphreys
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paul James
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Wolfgang Janni
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, USA
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nichola Johnson
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Kristine Jones
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory (CGR), Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Jones
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Kabisch
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kaczmarek
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Renske Keeman
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael J Kerin
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Carolien M Kets
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Machteld Keupers
- Leuven Multidisciplinary Breast Center, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofia Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Johanna I Kiiski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia A Knight
- Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torben A Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ava Kwong
- Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Hong Kong
- Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Surgery, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Anne-Vibeke Lænkholm
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Region Zealand, Division Slagelse, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Yael Laitman
- Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Fiona Lalloo
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Christine Lasset
- Unité de Prévention et d'Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Julie Lecarpentier
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Lee
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyuk Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
- INSERM U900, Paris, France
- Mines Paris Tech, Fontainebleau, France
| | - Jingmei Li
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenna Lilyquist
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Anne Lincoln
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wing-Yee Lo
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jennifer T Loud
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Craig Luccarini
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael Lush
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tom Maishman
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Enes Makalic
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ivana Maleva Kostovska
- Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 'Georgi D. Efremov', Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Kathleen E Malone
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Epidemiology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Oncology, Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John W M Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Elena Martinez
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Dimitrios Mavroudis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center-CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Catriona McLean
- Anatomical Pathology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hanne Meijers-Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jeffery Meyer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hui Miao
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Austin Miller
- NRG Oncology, Statistics and Data Management Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Nicola Miller
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Gillian Mitchell
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV), IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, UK
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claire Mulot
- Université Paris Sorbonne Cité, INSERM UMRS 1147, Paris, France
| | - Sue Nadesan
- City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ines Nevelsteen
- Leuven Multidisciplinary Breast Center, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sune F Nielsen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aaron Norman
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robert L Nussbaum
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco,San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Janet E Olson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Curtis Olswold
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kai-Ren Ong
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jan C Oosterwijk
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nick Orr
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - V Shane Pankratz
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Laura Papi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Rachel Lloyd
- Curtin UWA Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, Curtin University and University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Inge Søkilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Peixoto
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jose I A Perez
- Servicio de Cirugía General y Especialidades, Hospital Monte Naranco, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM, FIRC (Italian Foundation for Cancer Research) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Julian Peto
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Catherine M Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Mila Pinchev
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska
- Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 'Georgi D. Efremov', Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Bruce Poppe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mary E Porteous
- South East of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ross Prentice
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nadege Presneau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Darya Prokofieva
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Elizabeth Pugh
- Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Miquel Angel Pujana
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Brigitte Rack
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Nazneen Rahman
- Section of Cancer Genetics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Johanna Rantala
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel
- Carmel Medical Center and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine-Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hedy S Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel
- Carmel Medical Center and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine-Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Valerie Rhenius
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kerstin Rhiem
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Richardson
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gustavo C Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, University of Chicago, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Atocha Romero
- Medical Oncology Department, CIBERONC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jane Romm
- Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Matti A Rookus
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruediger
- Institute of Pathology, Staedtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Joyce Sanders
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, US National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Elinor J Sawyer
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel F Schmidt
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Minouk J Schoemaker
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Peter Schürmann
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lukas Schwentner
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christopher Scott
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Pathology North, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Discipline of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sheila Seal
- Section of Cancer Genetics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Leigha Senter
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Caroline Seynaeve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Taiwan Biobank, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xin Sheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hermela Shimelis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Martha J Shrubsole
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lucy E Side
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Christian F Singer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christof Sohn
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John J Spinelli
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Service de Génétique Oncologique and INSERM U830, Institut Curie, Paris, France - Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité
| | - Grzegorz Sukiennicki
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Harald Surowy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Csilla I Szabo
- National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yen Y Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, US National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Epigenetic and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, US National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Maria-Isabel Tejada
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Clinical Genetics Service, Cruces University Hospital and BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Maria Tengström
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oncology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Soo H Teo
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mary B Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel C Tessier
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alex Teulé
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kathrin Thöne
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Cancer Registry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Darcy L Thull
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rob A E M Tollenaar
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ling Tong
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Diana Torres
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Martine Tranchant
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Thérèse Truong
- Cancer and Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Kathy Tucker
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Department of Medical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Celine Vachon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christi J van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - David Van Den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth J van Rensburg
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, South Africa
| | - Liliana Varesco
- Unit of Hereditary Cancer, Department of Epidemiology, Prevention and Special Functions, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) AOU San Martino, IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Servizo Galego de Saúde SERGAS, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alessandra Viel
- Unit of Functional Onco-genomics and Genetics, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Vincent
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jason Vollenweider
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lisa Walker
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clarice R Weinberg
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, US National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Camilla Wendt
- Department of Oncology, Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jelle Wesseling
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Juul T Wijnen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Walter Willett
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lucy Xia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xiaohong R Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Daniela Zaffaroni
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bin Zhu
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory (CGR), Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Elad Ziv
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servizo Galego de Saúde SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jennifer Stone
- Curtin UWA Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, Curtin University and University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne and the Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Sue K Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, South General Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Gary D Bader
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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19
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Moghadasi S, Meeks HD, Vreeswijk MP, Janssen LA, Borg Å, Ehrencrona H, Paulsson-Karlsson Y, Wappenschmidt B, Engel C, Gehrig A, Arnold N, Hansen TVO, Thomassen M, Jensen UB, Kruse TA, Ejlertsen B, Gerdes AM, Pedersen IS, Caputo SM, Couch F, Hallberg EJ, van den Ouweland AM, Collée MJ, Teugels E, Adank MA, van der Luijt RB, Mensenkamp AR, Oosterwijk JC, Blok MJ, Janin N, Claes KB, Tucker K, Viassolo V, Toland AE, Eccles DE, Devilee P, Van Asperen CJ, Spurdle AB, Goldgar DE, García EG. The BRCA1 c. 5096G>A p.Arg1699Gln (R1699Q) intermediate risk variant: breast and ovarian cancer risk estimation and recommendations for clinical management from the ENIGMA consortium. J Med Genet 2017; 55:15-20. [PMID: 28490613 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously showed that the BRCA1 variant c.5096G>A p.Arg1699Gln (R1699Q) was associated with an intermediate risk of breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC). This study aimed to assess these cancer risks for R1699Q carriers in a larger cohort, including follow-up of previously studied families, to further define cancer risks and to propose adjusted clinical management of female BRCA1*R1699Q carriers. METHODS Data were collected from 129 BRCA1*R1699Q families ascertained internationally by ENIGMA (Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles) consortium members. A modified segregation analysis was used to calculate BC and OC risks. Relative risks were calculated under both monogenic model and major gene plus polygenic model assumptions. RESULTS In this cohort the cumulative risk of BC and OC by age 70 years was 20% and 6%, respectively. The relative risk for developing cancer was higher when using a model that included the effects of both the R1699Q variant and a residual polygenic component compared with monogenic model (for BC 3.67 vs 2.83, and for OC 6.41 vs 5.83). CONCLUSION Our results confirm that BRCA1*R1699Q confers an intermediate risk for BC and OC. Breast surveillance for female carriers based on mammogram annually from age 40 is advised. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy should be considered based on family history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Moghadasi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Huong D Meeks
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Maaike Pg Vreeswijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Am Janssen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Åke Borg
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hans Ehrencrona
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, Office for Medical Services, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Medical Genetics, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Van Overeem Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarK.,Department of Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarK
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Torben A Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarK.,Department of Oncology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarK.,Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inge Søkilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Fergus Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emily J Hallberg
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Margriet J Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Teugels
- Familial Cancer Clinic and Medical Oncology, University Hospital Brussels, Belgium
| | - Muriel A Adank
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob B van der Luijt
- Division of Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan C Oosterwijk
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Janin
- Department of Service de Génétique, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | - Kathy Tucker
- Hereditary Cancer Service, Prince of Wales (and St George Hospitals) Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Valeria Viassolo
- Department of Oncogenetics and Cancer Prevention Unit, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Diana E Eccles
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christie J Van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Genetics and Computational Biology Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David E Goldgar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Encarna Gómez García
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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20
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Phelan CM, Kuchenbaecker KB, Tyrer JP, Kar SP, Lawrenson K, Winham SJ, Dennis J, Pirie A, Riggan M, Chornokur G, Earp MA, Lyra PC, Lee JM, Coetzee S, Beesley J, McGuffog L, Soucy P, Dicks E, Lee A, Barrowdale D, Lecarpentier J, Leslie G, Aalfs CM, Aben KK, Adams M, Adlard J, Andrulis IL, Anton-Culver H, Antonenkova N, Aravantinos G, Arnold N, Arun BK, Arver B, Azzollini J, Balmaña J, Banerjee SN, Barjhoux L, Barkardottir RB, Bean Y, Beckmann MW, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Benitez J, Bermisheva M, Bernardini MQ, Birrer MJ, Bjorge L, Black A, Blankstein K, Blok MJ, Bodelon C, Bogdanova N, Bojesen A, Bonanni B, Borg Å, Bradbury AR, Brenton JD, Brewer C, Brinton L, Broberg P, Brooks-Wilson A, Bruinsma F, Brunet J, Buecher B, Butzow R, Buys SS, Caldes T, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Cannioto R, Carney ME, Cescon T, Chan SB, Chang-Claude J, Chanock S, Chen XQ, Chiew YE, Chiquette J, Chung WK, Claes KB, Conner T, Cook LS, Cook J, Cramer DW, Cunningham JM, D’Aloisio AA, Daly MB, Damiola F, Damirovna SD, Dansonka-Mieszkowska A, Dao F, Davidson R, DeFazio A, Delnatte C, Doheny KF, Diez O, Ding YC, Doherty JA, Domchek SM, Dorfling CM, Dörk T, Dossus L, Duran M, Dürst M, Dworniczak B, Eccles D, Edwards T, Eeles R, Eilber U, Ejlertsen B, Ekici AB, Ellis S, Elvira M, Eng KH, Engel C, Evans DG, Fasching PA, Ferguson S, Ferrer SF, Flanagan JM, Fogarty ZC, Fortner RT, Fostira F, Foulkes WD, Fountzilas G, Fridley BL, Friebel TM, Friedman E, Frost D, Ganz PA, Garber J, García MJ, Garcia-Barberan V, Gehrig A, Gentry-Maharaj A, Gerdes AM, Giles GG, Glasspool R, Glendon G, Godwin AK, Goldgar DE, Goranova T, Gore M, Greene MH, Gronwald J, Gruber S, Hahnen E, Haiman CA, Håkansson N, Hamann U, Hansen TV, Harrington PA, Harris HR, Hauke J, Hein A, Henderson A, Hildebrandt MA, Hillemanns P, Hodgson S, Høgdall CK, Høgdall E, Hogervorst FB, Holland H, Hooning MJ, Hosking K, Huang RY, Hulick PJ, Hung J, Hunter DJ, Huntsman DG, Huzarski T, Imyanitov EN, Isaacs C, Iversen ES, Izatt L, Izquierdo A, Jakubowska A, James P, Janavicius R, Jernetz M, Jensen A, Jensen UB, John EM, Johnatty S, Jones ME, Kannisto P, Karlan BY, Karnezis A, Kast K, Kennedy CJ, Khusnutdinova E, Kiemeney LA, Kiiski JI, Kim SW, Kjaer SK, Köbel M, Kopperud RK, Kruse TA, Kupryjanczyk J, Kwong A, Laitman Y, Lambrechts D, Larrañaga N, Larson MC, Lazaro C, Le ND, Le Marchand L, Lee JW, Lele SB, Leminen A, Leroux D, Lester J, Lesueur F, Levine DA, Liang D, Liebrich C, Lilyquist J, Lipworth L, Lissowska J, Lu KH, Lubiński J, Luccarini C, Lundvall L, Mai PL, Mendoza-Fandiño G, Manoukian S, Massuger LF, May T, Mazoyer S, McAlpine JN, McGuire V, McLaughlin JR, McNeish I, Meijers-Heijboer H, Meindl A, Menon U, Mensenkamp AR, Merritt MA, Milne RL, Mitchell G, Modugno F, Moes-Sosnowska J, Moffitt M, Montagna M, Moysich KB, Mulligan AM, Musinsky J, Nathanson KL, Nedergaard L, Ness RB, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Niederacher D, Nussbaum RL, Odunsi K, Olah E, Olopade OI, Olsson H, Olswold C, O’Malley DM, Ong KR, Onland-Moret NC, Orr N, Orsulic S, Osorio A, Palli D, Papi L, Park-Simon TW, Paul J, Pearce CL, Pedersen IS, Peeters PH, Peissel B, Peixoto A, Pejovic T, Pelttari LM, Permuth JB, Peterlongo P, Pezzani L, Pfeiler G, Phillips KA, Piedmonte M, Pike MC, Piskorz AM, Poblete SR, Pocza T, Poole EM, Poppe B, Porteous ME, Prieur F, Prokofyeva D, Pugh E, Pujana MA, Pujol P, Radice P, Rantala J, Rappaport-Fuerhauser C, Rennert G, Rhiem K, Rice P, Richardson A, Robson M, Rodriguez GC, Rodríguez-Antona C, Romm J, Rookus MA, Rossing MA, Rothstein JH, Rudolph A, Runnebaum IB, Salvesen HB, Sandler DP, Schoemaker MJ, Senter L, Setiawan VW, Severi G, Sharma P, Shelford T, Siddiqui N, Side LE, Sieh W, Singer CF, Sobol H, Song H, Southey MC, Spurdle AB, Stadler Z, Steinemann D, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Sucheston-Campbell LE, Sukiennicki G, Sutphen R, Sutter C, Swerdlow AJ, Szabo CI, Szafron L, Tan YY, Taylor JA, Tea MK, Teixeira MR, Teo SH, Terry KL, Thompson PJ, Thomsen LCV, Thull DL, Tihomirova L, Tinker AV, Tischkowitz M, Tognazzo S, Toland AE, Tone A, Trabert B, Travis RC, Trichopoulou A, Tung N, Tworoger SS, van Altena AM, Van Den Berg D, van der Hout AH, van der Luijt RB, Van Heetvelde M, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, van Rensburg EJ, Vanderstichele A, Varon-Mateeva R, Ana V, Edwards DV, Vergote I, Vierkant RA, Vijai J, Vratimos A, Walker L, Walsh C, Wand D, Wang-Gohrke S, Wappenschmidt B, Webb PM, Weinberg CR, Weitzel JN, Wentzensen N, Whittemore AS, Wijnen JT, Wilkens LR, Wolk A, Woo M, Wu X, Wu AH, Yang H, Yannoukakos D, Ziogas A, Zorn KK, Narod SA, Easton DF, Amos CI, Schildkraut JM, Ramus SJ, Ottini L, Goodman MT, Park SK, Kelemen LE, Risch HA, Thomassen M, Offit K, Simard J, Schmutzler RK, Hazelett D, Monteiro AN, Couch FJ, Berchuck A, Chenevix-Trench G, Goode EL, Sellers TA, Gayther SA, Antoniou AC, Pharoah PD. Identification of 12 new susceptibility loci for different histotypes of epithelial ovarian cancer. Nat Genet 2017; 49:680-691. [PMID: 28346442 PMCID: PMC5612337 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To identify common alleles associated with different histotypes of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), we pooled data from multiple genome-wide genotyping projects totaling 25,509 EOC cases and 40,941 controls. We identified nine new susceptibility loci for different EOC histotypes: six for serous EOC histotypes (3q28, 4q32.3, 8q21.11, 10q24.33, 18q11.2 and 22q12.1), two for mucinous EOC (3q22.3 and 9q31.1) and one for endometrioid EOC (5q12.3). We then performed meta-analysis on the results for high-grade serous ovarian cancer with the results from analysis of 31,448 BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, including 3,887 mutation carriers with EOC. This identified three additional susceptibility loci at 2q13, 8q24.1 and 12q24.31. Integrated analyses of genes and regulatory biofeatures at each locus predicted candidate susceptibility genes, including OBFC1, a new candidate susceptibility gene for low-grade and borderline serous EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Phelan
- Departments of Cancer Epidemiology and Gynecologic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Karoline B. Kuchenbaecker
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan P. Tyrer
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Siddhartha P. Kar
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stacey J. Winham
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joe Dennis
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ailith Pirie
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marjorie Riggan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ganna Chornokur
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Madalene A. Earp
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paulo C. Lyra
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Janet M. Lee
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Simon Coetzee
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Penny Soucy
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada
| | - Ed Dicks
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Lee
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julie Lecarpentier
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cora M. Aalfs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katja K.H. Aben
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcia Adams
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Julian Adlard
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Departments of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, Director of Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, UCI Center for Cancer Genetics Research & Prevention, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | | | - AOCS study group
- A list of members and affiliations appears in the Supplementary note
| | | | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Germany
| | - Banu K. Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, University Of Texas MD Andersson Cancer Center, 1515 Pressler Street, CBP 5, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brita Arver
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacopo Azzollini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Laure Barjhoux
- Bâtiment Cheney D, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon, France
| | - Rosa B. Barkardottir
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, hus 9, Landspitali-LSH v/Hringbraut, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegi 16, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Yukie Bean
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Universtiy Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Bermisheva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Marcus Q. Bernardini
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Line Bjorge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Amanda Black
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth Blankstein
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, for the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Clara Bodelon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Natalia Bogdanova
- Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anders Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Åke Borg
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Angela R. Bradbury
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James D. Brenton
- Cancer Research UK (CRUK) Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge
| | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Louise Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Per Broberg
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, University Hospital, Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Angela Brooks-Wilson
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fiona Bruinsma
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joan Brunet
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI (Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona), Catalan Institute of Oncology. Av. França s/n. 1707 Girona, Spain
| | - Bruno Buecher
- Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, 26, rue d’Ulm, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saundra S. Buys
- Department of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Trinidad Caldes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Martin Lagos s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria A. Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa Italy
| | - Ian Campbell
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rikki Cannioto
- Cancer Pathology & Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Michael E. Carney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Terence Cescon
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, for the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Salina B. Chan
- University of California, San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero Street, C415, San Francisco, CA 94143 - 1714, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiao Qing Chen
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yoke-Eng Chiew
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jocelyne Chiquette
- Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Centre de Recherche FRSQ du Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Thomas Conner
- Department of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Linda S. Cook
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Preventative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Daniel W. Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie M. Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology,Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Mary B. Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | | | | | - Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Fanny Dao
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, South Glasgow University Hospitals, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anna DeFazio
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Capucine Delnatte
- Unité d’oncogénétique, ICO-Centre René Gauducheau, Boulevard Jacques Monod, 44805 Nantes Saint Herblain Cedex, France
| | - Kimberly F. Doheny
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital. Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Anne Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine - at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Susan M. Domchek
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cecilia M. Dorfling
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria,Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Laure Dossus
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Mercedes Duran
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad de Valladolid (IBGM-UVA), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Matthias Dürst
- Department of Gynecology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Diana Eccles
- University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Todd Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ros Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Ursula Eilber
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arif B. Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Steve Ellis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mingajeva Elvira
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Study EMBRACE
- A list of members and affiliations appears in the Supplementary note
| | - Kevin H. Eng
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell park Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- Universtiy Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- University of California at Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Ferguson
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra Fert Ferrer
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôtel Dieu Centre Hospitalier, Chambéry, France
| | - James M. Flanagan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Zachary C. Fogarty
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Renée T. Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - William D. Foulkes
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - George Fountzilas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Papageorgiou, Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Brooke L. Fridley
- Biostatistics and Informatics Shared Resource, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Tara M. Friebel
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, 1101 Dana Building, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patricia A. Ganz
- UCLA Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Cancer Risk and Prevention Clinic, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - María J. García
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Garcia-Barberan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Martin Lagos s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Gord Glendon
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network: Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - David E. Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Teodora Goranova
- Cancer Research UK (CRUK) Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge
| | - Martin Gore
- Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mark H. Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch,DCEG, NCI, NIH, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E-454, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Stephen Gruber
- Keck School of Medicine, and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Eric Hahnen
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Niclas Håkansson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, SE-171 77 STOCKHOLM, Sweden
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas V.O. Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patricia A. Harrington
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Holly R Harris
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, SE-171 77 STOCKHOLM, Sweden
| | - Jan Hauke
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - HEBON Study
- A list of members and affiliations appears in the Supplementary note
| | - Alexander Hein
- Universtiy Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alex Henderson
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Peter Hillemanns
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Shirley Hodgson
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George’s, University of London, UK
| | - Claus K. Høgdall
- Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Helene Holland
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Maartje J. Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Hosking
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruea-Yea Huang
- Center For Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Peter J. Hulick
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, 1000 Central Street, Suite 620,Evanston, IL 60201,US
| | - Jillian Hung
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David J. Hunter
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, The Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David G. Huntsman
- British Columbia’s Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia; Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Molecular Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, CANADA
| | - Tomasz Huzarski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Edwin S. Iversen
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Angel Izquierdo
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI (Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona), Catalan Institute of Oncology. Av. França s/n. 1707 Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paul James
- Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A’Beckett Street, Melbourne, VIC 8006 AUSTRALIA; Sir Peter MacCallum Dept of Oncology, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Mats Jernetz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Lund University Hospital, Lund Sweden
| | - Allan Jensen
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgaardsvej 21C, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Esther M. John
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, USA
| | - Sharon Johnatty
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael E. Jones
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Päivi Kannisto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Lund University Hospital, Lund Sweden
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Karnezis
- British Columbia’s Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia; Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Molecular Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, CANADA
| | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Catherine J. Kennedy
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Lambertus A. Kiemeney
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna I. Kiiski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, HUS, Finland
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Breast Care Center, Daerim St. Mary’s Hospital, 657 Siheung-daero, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 150-822, Korea
| | - Susanne K. Kjaer
- Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Köbel
- Department of Pathology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Reidun K. Kopperud
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Torben A. Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ava Kwong
- The Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Hong Kong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Cancer Genetics Center and Department of Surgery, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Yael Laitman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KULeuven, Belgium
| | - Nerea Larrañaga
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Regional Government of the Basque Country, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Melissa C. Larson
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nhu D. Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii, USA
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shashikant B. Lele
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Arto Leminen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, HUS, Finland
| | - Dominique Leroux
- Département de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, BP 217, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Institut Curie, PSL Research Unviersity and Inserm, U900, Paris, France; Mines Paris Tech, Fontainebleau, France
| | - Douglas A. Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dong Liang
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Clemens Liebrich
- Cancer Center Wolfsburg, Clinics of Gynaecology, Wolfsburg, Germany
| | - Jenna Lilyquist
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Loren Lipworth
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karen H. Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Craig Luccarini
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lene Lundvall
- The Juliane Marie Centre, Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Phuong L. Mai
- Clinical Genetics Branch,DCEG, NCI, NIH, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E-454, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Leon F.A.G. Massuger
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Taymaa May
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Jessica N. McAlpine
- Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program - Gynecologic Tissue Bank, Vancouver General Hospital and BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia CANADA
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Iain McNeish
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hanne Meijers-Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Usha Menon
- Women’s Cancer, Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arjen R. Mensenkamp
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa A. Merritt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gillian Mitchell
- Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A’Beckett Street, Melbourne, VIC 8006 AUSTRALIA; Sir Peter MacCallum Dept of Oncology, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Ovarian Cancer Center of Excellence, Womens Cancer Research Program, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joanna Moes-Sosnowska
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Melissa Moffitt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, Italy
| | - Kirsten B. Moysich
- Cancer Pathology & Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jacob Musinsky
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10044, USA
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lotte Nedergaard
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roberta B. Ness
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, HUS, Finland
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert L. Nussbaum
- Invitae Corporation and University of Southern California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave., HSE 901E, San Francisco, CA. 94143 – 0794
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Olufunmilayo I. Olopade
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 2115 Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, University Hospital, Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Curtis Olswold
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David M. O’Malley
- The Ohio State University and the James Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kai-ren Ong
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - OPAL study group
- A list of members and affiliations appears in the Supplementary note
| | - Nicholas Orr
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Papi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - James Paul
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Celeste L. Pearce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Inge Søkilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Petra H.M. Peeters
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Peixoto
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Liisa M. Pelttari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, HUS, Finland
| | | | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM, The FIRC (Italian Foundation for Cancer Research) Institute of Molecular Oncology, c/o IFOM-IEO campus, via Adamello 16 , 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Lidia Pezzani
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Dept of OB/GYN, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A’Beckett St, East Melbourne, Victoria 8006, Australia
| | - Marion Piedmonte
- NRG Oncology, Statistics and Data Management Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm St & Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Malcolm C. Pike
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna M. Piskorz
- Cancer Research UK (CRUK) Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge
| | - Samantha R. Poblete
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Timea Pocza
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Elizabeth M. Poole
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce Poppe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mary E. Porteous
- South East of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fabienne Prieur
- Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de St Etienne, St Etienne, France
| | - Darya Prokofyeva
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Elizabeth Pugh
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Miquel Angel Pujana
- Translational Research Laboratory, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute),Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pascal Pujol
- Unité d’Oncogénétique, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Johanna Rantala
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christine Rappaport-Fuerhauser
- Dept of OB/GYN, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kerstin Rhiem
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Patricia Rice
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, for the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Richardson
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Mark Robson
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gustavo C. Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, University of Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Antona
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jane Romm
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Matti A. Rookus
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joseph H. Rothstein
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingo B. Runnebaum
- Department of Gynecology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Helga B. Salvesen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dale P. Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Leigha Senter
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - V. Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Torino, Italy
- Cancer Council Victoria and University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Tameka Shelford
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Nadeem Siddiqui
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lucy E. Side
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christian F. Singer
- Dept of OB/GYN, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hagay Sobol
- Département Oncologie Génétique, Prévention et Dépistage, INSERM CIC-P9502, Institut Paoli-Calmettes/Université d’Aix-Marseille II, Marseille, France
| | - Honglin Song
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zsofia Stadler
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Grzegorz Sukiennicki
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Rebecca Sutphen
- Epidemiology Center, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony J. Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Csilla I. Szabo
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lukasz Szafron
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yen Y. Tan
- Dept of OB/GYN, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jack A. Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Muy-Kheng Tea
- Dept of OB/GYN, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel R. Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal and Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kathryn L. Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pamela J. Thompson
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Liv Cecilie Vestrheim Thomsen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Darcy L. Thull
- Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Laima Tihomirova
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre. Ratsupites str 1, Riga, Latvia
| | - Anna V. Tinker
- Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program - Cheryl Brown Ovarian Cancer Outcomes Unit (CBOCOU), BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia CANADA
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Box 134, Level 6 Addenbrooke’s Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hosptital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Silvia Tognazzo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, Italy
| | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- Divison of Human Cancer Genetics, Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alicia Tone
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Britton Trabert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ruth C. Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Dept. of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne M. van Altena
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - David Van Den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Rob B. van der Luijt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Els Van Nieuwenhuysen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology , Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Adriaan Vanderstichele
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology , Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Vega Ana
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Digna Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology , Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert A. Vierkant
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10044, USA
| | - Athanassios Vratimos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - Lisa Walker
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Christine Walsh
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dorothea Wand
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Penelope M. Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Clarice R. Weinberg
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alice S. Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Data Management Science- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Juul T. Wijnen
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii, USA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, SE-171 77 STOCKHOLM, Sweden
| | - Michelle Woo
- British Columbia’s Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia; Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Molecular Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, CANADA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hannah Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kristin K. Zorn
- Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven A. Narod
- Women’s College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher I. Amos
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Williamson Translational Research Building, Room HB 7261, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Joellen M. Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, The University of New South Wales UNSW Sydney NSW 2052 AUSTRALIA
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, c/oPoliclinico Umberto I, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marc T. Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sue K. Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Linda E. Kelemen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina,Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Harvey A. Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10044, USA
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada
| | - Rita Katharina Schmutzler
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis Hazelett
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alvaro N. Monteiro
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology,Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ellen L. Goode
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Thomas A. Sellers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Simon A. Gayther
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul D.P. Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
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Kamps R, Brandão RD, Bosch BJVD, Paulussen ADC, Xanthoulea S, Blok MJ, Romano A. Next-Generation Sequencing in Oncology: Genetic Diagnosis, Risk Prediction and Cancer Classification. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020308. [PMID: 28146134 PMCID: PMC5343844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has expanded in the last decades with significant improvements in the reliability, sequencing chemistry, pipeline analyses, data interpretation and costs. Such advances make the use of NGS feasible in clinical practice today. This review describes the recent technological developments in NGS applied to the field of oncology. A number of clinical applications are reviewed, i.e., mutation detection in inherited cancer syndromes based on DNA-sequencing, detection of spliceogenic variants based on RNA-sequencing, DNA-sequencing to identify risk modifiers and application for pre-implantation genetic diagnosis, cancer somatic mutation analysis, pharmacogenetics and liquid biopsy. Conclusive remarks, clinical limitations, implications and ethical considerations that relate to the different applications are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick Kamps
- Department of Clinical Genetics: GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Rita D Brandão
- Department of Clinical Genetics: GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Bianca J van den Bosch
- Department of Clinical Genetics: GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Aimee D C Paulussen
- Department of Clinical Genetics: GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Sofia Xanthoulea
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics: GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Andrea Romano
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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22
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Hamdi Y, Soucy P, Kuchenbaeker KB, Pastinen T, Droit A, Lemaçon A, Adlard J, Aittomäki K, Andrulis IL, Arason A, Arnold N, Arun BK, Azzollini J, Bane A, Barjhoux L, Barrowdale D, Benitez J, Berthet P, Blok MJ, Bobolis K, Bonadona V, Bonanni B, Bradbury AR, Brewer C, Buecher B, Buys SS, Caligo MA, Chiquette J, Chung WK, Claes KBM, Daly MB, Damiola F, Davidson R, De la Hoya M, De Leeneer K, Diez O, Ding YC, Dolcetti R, Domchek SM, Dorfling CM, Eccles D, Eeles R, Einbeigi Z, Ejlertsen B, Engel C, Gareth Evans D, Feliubadalo L, Foretova L, Fostira F, Foulkes WD, Fountzilas G, Friedman E, Frost D, Ganschow P, Ganz PA, Garber J, Gayther SA, Gerdes AM, Glendon G, Godwin AK, Goldgar DE, Greene MH, Gronwald J, Hahnen E, Hamann U, Hansen TVO, Hart S, Hays JL, Hogervorst FBL, Hulick PJ, Imyanitov EN, Isaacs C, Izatt L, Jakubowska A, James P, Janavicius R, Jensen UB, John EM, Joseph V, Just W, Kaczmarek K, Karlan BY, Kets CM, Kirk J, Kriege M, Laitman Y, Laurent M, Lazaro C, Leslie G, Lester J, Lesueur F, Liljegren A, Loman N, Loud JT, Manoukian S, Mariani M, Mazoyer S, McGuffog L, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Meindl A, Miller A, Montagna M, Mulligan AM, Nathanson KL, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Nussbaum RL, Olah E, Olopade OI, Ong KR, Oosterwijk JC, Osorio A, Papi L, Park SK, Pedersen IS, Peissel B, Segura PP, Peterlongo P, Phelan CM, Radice P, Rantala J, Rappaport-Fuerhauser C, Rennert G, Richardson A, Robson M, Rodriguez GC, Rookus MA, Schmutzler RK, Sevenet N, Shah PD, Singer CF, Slavin TP, Snape K, Sokolowska J, Sønderstrup IMH, Southey M, Spurdle AB, Stadler Z, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Sukiennicki G, Sutter C, Tan Y, Tea MK, Teixeira MR, Teulé A, Teo SH, Terry MB, Thomassen M, Tihomirova L, Tischkowitz M, Tognazzo S, Toland AE, Tung N, van den Ouweland AMW, van der Luijt RB, van Engelen K, van Rensburg EJ, Varon-Mateeva R, Wappenschmidt B, Wijnen JT, Rebbeck T, Chenevix-Trench G, Offit K, Couch FJ, Nord S, Easton DF, Antoniou AC, Simard J. Association of breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers with genetic variants showing differential allelic expression: identification of a modifier of breast cancer risk at locus 11q22.3. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 161:117-134. [PMID: 27796716 PMCID: PMC5222911 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-4018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cis-acting regulatory SNPs resulting in differential allelic expression (DAE) may, in part, explain the underlying phenotypic variation associated with many complex diseases. To investigate whether common variants associated with DAE were involved in breast cancer susceptibility among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, a list of 175 genes was developed based of their involvement in cancer-related pathways. METHODS Using data from a genome-wide map of SNPs associated with allelic expression, we assessed the association of ~320 SNPs located in the vicinity of these genes with breast and ovarian cancer risks in 15,252 BRCA1 and 8211 BRCA2 mutation carriers ascertained from 54 studies participating in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. RESULTS We identified a region on 11q22.3 that is significantly associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers (most significant SNP rs228595 p = 7 × 10-6). This association was absent in BRCA2 carriers (p = 0.57). The 11q22.3 region notably encompasses genes such as ACAT1, NPAT, and ATM. Expression quantitative trait loci associations were observed in both normal breast and tumors across this region, namely for ACAT1, ATM, and other genes. In silico analysis revealed some overlap between top risk-associated SNPs and relevant biological features in mammary cell data, which suggests potential functional significance. CONCLUSION We identified 11q22.3 as a new modifier locus in BRCA1 carriers. Replication in larger studies using estrogen receptor (ER)-negative or triple-negative (i.e., ER-, progesterone receptor-, and HER2-negative) cases could therefore be helpful to confirm the association of this locus with breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosr Hamdi
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Penny Soucy
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Karoline B Kuchenbaeker
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Audrey Lemaçon
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Julian Adlard
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, HUS, Meilahdentie 2, P.O. BOX 160, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adalgeir Arason
- Department of Pathology hus 9, Landspitali-LSH v/Hringbraut, 101, Reykjavík, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegi 16, 101, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Campus Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Banu K Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Pressler Street CBP 5, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jacopo Azzollini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Anita Bane
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, Juravinski Hospital and Cancer Centre, McMaster University, 711 Concession Street, Hamilton, ON, L8V 1C3, Canada
| | - Laure Barjhoux
- Bâtiment Cheney D, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373, Lyon, France
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Human Genotyping (CEGEN) Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pascaline Berthet
- Centre François Baclesse, 3 avenue Général Harris, 14076, Caen, France
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kristie Bobolis
- City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- Unité de Prévention et d'Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373, Lyon, France
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela R Bradbury
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Exeter, EX1 2ED, UK
| | - Bruno Buecher
- Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Saundra S Buys
- Department of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Maria A Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jocelyne Chiquette
- Unité de recherche en santé des populations, Centre des maladies du sein Deschênes-Fabia, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, 1050 chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec, QC, G1S 4L8, Canada
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kathleen B M Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mary B Daly
- Division of Population Science, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Francesca Damiola
- Bâtiment Cheney D, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373, Lyon, France
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, South Glasgow University Hospitals, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Miguel De la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (El Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Martin Lagos s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kim De Leeneer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Cancer Bioimmunotherapy Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano, PN, Italy
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Susan M Domchek
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Cecilia M Dorfling
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa
| | - Diana Eccles
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Ros Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Zakaria Einbeigi
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE, Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Institute of Human Development, Manchester University, Central Manchester University Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Lidia Feliubadalo
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Gran Via de l'Hospitalet, 199-203, L'Hospitalet, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 65653, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, (INRASTES) Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Gregoriou & Neapoleos str., Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - William D Foulkes
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - George Fountzilas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pamela Ganschow
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Patricia A Ganz
- UCLA Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention & Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Room A2-125 HS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-6900, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Cancer Risk and Prevention Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clincial Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 4062, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gord Glendon
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, 4019 Wahl Hall East, MS 3040, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - David E Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, SOM 4B454, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, DCEG, NCI NIH, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E-454, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Polabska 4, 70-115, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Eric Hahnen
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas V O Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steven Hart
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - John L Hays
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Arthur C. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute Biomedical Research Tower, Room 588, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Frans B L Hogervorst
- Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institute, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, 1000 Central Street, Suite 620, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | | | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Polabska 4, 70-115, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paul James
- Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Santariskiu st. 2, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Zygymantu st. 9, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgaardsvej 21C, Århus N, Denmark
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, 2201 Walnut Avenue Suite 300, Fremont, CA, 94538, USA
- Department of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vijai Joseph
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10044, USA
| | - Walter Just
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, 89091, Ulm, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kaczmarek
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Polabska 4, 70-115, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Carolien M Kets
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judy Kirk
- Westmead Hospital, Familial Cancer Service, Hawkebury Road, P.O. Box 533, Wentworthville, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Mieke Kriege
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5201, 3008 AE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yael Laitman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Maïté Laurent
- Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Gran Via de l'Hospitalet, 199-203, L'Hospitalet, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer Team, INSERM U900, Institut Curie Mines ParisTech, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Annelie Liljegren
- Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Loman
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jennifer T Loud
- Clinical Genetics Branch, DCEG, NCI NIH, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E-454, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Mariani
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center-CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hanne E J Meijers-Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Campus Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Austin Miller
- NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm St & Carlton St, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and the Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, HUS, P.O. BOX 700, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robert L Nussbaum
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, University of California, 513 Parnassus Ave., HSE 901E, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0794, USA
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kai-Ren Ong
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jan C Oosterwijk
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Papi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Sue Kyung Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea
| | - Inge Sokilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Reberbansgade 15, Ålborg, Denmark
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Pedro Perez Segura
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (El Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Martin Lagos s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM, The FIRC (Italian Foundation for Cancer Research) Institute of Molecular Oncology, c/o IFOM-IEO Campus, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Catherine M Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predicted Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), c/o Amaedeolab via GA Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Johanna Rantala
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, L5:03, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, 7 Michal St., 34362, Haifa, Israel
| | - Andrea Richardson
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mark Robson
- Clinical Genetics, Services Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Gustavo C Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, University of Chicago, 2650 Ridge Avenue, Suite 1507, Walgreens, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Matti A Rookus
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rita Katharina Schmutzler
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nicolas Sevenet
- Oncogénétique, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Payal D Shah
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christian F Singer
- Department of OB/GYN, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas P Slavin
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Katie Snape
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George's, University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Johanna Sokolowska
- Laboratoire de génétique médicale Nancy Université, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Rue du Morvan cedex 1, 54511, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Ida Marie Heeholm Sønderstrup
- Department of Pathology Region Zealand Section Slagelse, Slagelse Hospital, Ingemannsvej 18 Slagelse, Cpoenhagen, Denmark
| | - Melissa Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Genetics and Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Zsofia Stadler
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Grzegorz Sukiennicki
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Polabska 4, 70-115, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yen Tan
- Department of OB/GYN, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Muy-Kheng Tea
- Department of OB/GYN, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alex Teulé
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Gran Via de l'Hospitalet, 199-203, L'Hospitalet, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, 1 Jalan SS12/1A, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya, 1 Jalan SS12/1A, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sonder Boulevard 29, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Laima Tihomirova
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites str 1, Riga, Latvia
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics Level 6 Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Box 134, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Silvia Tognazzo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- Division of Human Genetics, Departments of Internal Medicine and Cancer Biology and Genetics Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 998 Biomedical Research Tower, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ans M W van den Ouweland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob B van der Luijt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Klaartje van Engelen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, P.O. Box 22700, 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth J van Rensburg
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa
| | - Raymonda Varon-Mateeva
- Institute of Human Genetics, Charite Berlin, Campus Virchov Klinikum, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Juul T Wijnen
- Department of Human Genetics & Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Rebbeck
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Genetics and Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10044, USA
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Silje Nord
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada.
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23
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Weren RDA, Mensenkamp AR, Simons M, Eijkelenboom A, Sie AS, Ouchene H, van Asseldonk M, Gomez-Garcia EB, Blok MJ, de Hullu JA, Nelen MR, Hoischen A, Bulten J, Tops BBJ, Hoogerbrugge N, Ligtenberg MJL. Novel BRCA1 and BRCA2 Tumor Test as Basis for Treatment Decisions and Referral for Genetic Counselling of Patients with Ovarian Carcinomas. Hum Mutat 2016; 38:226-235. [PMID: 27767231 PMCID: PMC5248611 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
With the recent introduction of Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibitors, a promising novel therapy has become available for ovarian carcinoma (OC) patients with inactivating BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations in their tumor. To select patients who may benefit from these treatments, assessment of the mutation status of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in the tumor is required. For reliable evaluation of germline and somatic mutations in these genes in DNA derived from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissue, we have developed a single‐molecule molecular inversion probe (smMIP)‐based targeted next‐generation sequencing (NGS) approach. Our smMIP‐based NGS approach provides analysis of both strands of the open reading frame of BRCA1 and BRCA2, enabling the discrimination between real variants and formalin‐induced artefacts. The single molecule tag enables compilation of unique reads leading to a high analytical sensitivity and enabling assessment of the reliability of mutation‐negative results. Multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and Methylation‐specific multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MS‐MLPA) were used to detect exon deletions of BRCA1 and methylation of the BRCA1 promoter, respectively. Here, we show that this combined approach allows the rapid and reliable detection of both germline and somatic aberrations affecting BRCA1 and BRCA2 in DNA derived from FFPE OCs, enabling improved hereditary cancer risk assessment and clinical treatment of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbert D A Weren
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen R Mensenkamp
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Simons
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid Eijkelenboom
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Aisha S Sie
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hicham Ouchene
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique van Asseldonk
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Encarna B Gomez-Garcia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne A de Hullu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel R Nelen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Hoischen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Bulten
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan B J Tops
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicoline Hoogerbrugge
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn J L Ligtenberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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24
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Jóri B, Kamps R, Xanthoulea S, Delvoux B, Blok MJ, Van de Vijver KK, de Koning B, Oei FT, Tops CM, Speel EJ, Kruitwagen RF, Gomez-Garcia EB, Romano A. Germ-line variants identified by next generation sequencing in a panel of estrogen and cancer associated genes correlate with poor clinical outcome in Lynch syndrome patients. Oncotarget 2016; 6:41108-22. [PMID: 26517685 PMCID: PMC4747393 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk to develop colorectal and endometrial cancers among subjects testing positive for a pathogenic Lynch syndrome mutation varies, making the risk prediction difficult. Genetic risk modifiers alter the risk conferred by inherited Lynch syndrome mutations, and their identification can improve genetic counseling. We aimed at identifying rare genetic modifiers of the risk of Lynch syndrome endometrial cancer. METHODS A family based approach was used to assess the presence of genetic risk modifiers among 35 Lynch syndrome mutation carriers having either a poor clinical phenotype (early age of endometrial cancer diagnosis or multiple cancers) or a neutral clinical phenotype. Putative genetic risk modifiers were identified by Next Generation Sequencing among a panel of 154 genes involved in endometrial physiology and carcinogenesis. RESULTS A simple pipeline, based on an allele frequency lower than 0.001 and on predicted non-conservative amino-acid substitutions returned 54 variants that were considered putative risk modifiers. The presence of two or more risk modifying variants in women carrying a pathogenic Lynch syndrome mutation was associated with a poor clinical phenotype. CONCLUSION A gene-panel is proposed that comprehends genes that can carry variants with putative modifying effects on the risk of Lynch syndrome endometrial cancer. Validation in further studies is warranted before considering the possible use of this tool in genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Jóri
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Kamps
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Genomics & Bioinformatics, CARIM - School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sofia Xanthoulea
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bert Delvoux
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Koen K Van de Vijver
- Department of Pathology, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Current address: Divisions of Diagnostic Oncology & Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart de Koning
- Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Felicia Trups Oei
- Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carli M Tops
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst Jm Speel
- Department of Pathology, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roy F Kruitwagen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Encarna B Gomez-Garcia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Romano
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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25
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Schott DA, Blok MJ, Gerver WJM, Devriendt K, Zimmermann LJI, Stumpel CTRM. Growth pattern in Kabuki syndrome with aKMT2Dmutation. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:3172-3179. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dina A. Schott
- Department of Paediatrics Endocrinology; Zuyderland Medical Centre; Heerlen The Netherlands
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics and School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW); Maastricht UMC+; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Willem J. M. Gerver
- Department of Paediatrics Endocrinology; Maastricht UMC+; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | | | - Luc J. I. Zimmermann
- Department of Paediatrics Neonatology; Maastricht UMC+; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Constance T. R. M. Stumpel
- Department of Clinical Genetics and School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW); Maastricht UMC+; Maastricht The Netherlands
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26
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Fackenthal JD, Yoshimatsu T, Zhang B, de Garibay GR, Colombo M, De Vecchi G, Ayoub SC, Lal K, Olopade OI, Vega A, Santamariña M, Blanco A, Wappenschmidt B, Becker A, Houdayer C, Walker LC, López-Perolio I, Thomassen M, Parsons M, Whiley P, Blok MJ, Brandão RD, Tserpelis D, Baralle D, Montalban G, Gutiérrez-Enríquez S, Díez O, Lazaro C, Spurdle AB, Radice P, de la Hoya M. Naturally occurring BRCA2 alternative mRNA splicing events in clinically relevant samples. J Med Genet 2016; 53:548-58. [PMID: 27060066 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRCA1 and BRCA2 are the two principal tumour suppressor genes associated with inherited high risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Genetic testing of BRCA1/2 will often reveal one or more sequence variants of uncertain clinical significance, some of which may affect normal splicing patterns and thereby disrupt gene function. mRNA analyses are therefore among the tests used to interpret the clinical significance of some genetic variants. However, these could be confounded by the appearance of naturally occurring alternative transcripts unrelated to germline sequence variation or defects in gene function. To understand which novel splicing events are associated with splicing mutations and which are part of the normal BRCA2 splicing repertoire, a study was undertaken by members of the Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles (ENIGMA) consortium to characterise the spectrum of naturally occurring BRCA2 mRNA alternate-splicing events. METHODS mRNA was prepared from several blood and breast tissue-derived cells and cell lines by contributing ENIGMA laboratories. cDNA representing BRCA2 alternate splice sites was amplified and visualised using capillary or agarose gel electrophoresis, followed by sequencing. RESULTS We demonstrate the existence of 24 different BRCA2 mRNA alternate-splicing events in lymphoblastoid cell lines and both breast cancer and non-cancerous breast cell lines. CONCLUSIONS These naturally occurring alternate-splicing events contribute to the array of cDNA fragments that may be seen in assays for mutation-associated splicing defects. Caution must be observed in assigning alternate-splicing events to potential splicing mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toshio Yoshimatsu
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bifeng Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Mara Colombo
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanna De Vecchi
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milano, Italy
| | - Samantha C Ayoub
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kumar Lal
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marta Santamariña
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Blanco
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Medical Faculty, Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra Becker
- Medical Faculty, Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Claude Houdayer
- Service de Génétique and INSERM U830, Institut Curie and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Logan C Walker
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Irene López-Perolio
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Michael Parsons
- Genetics and Computational Biology Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Phillip Whiley
- Genetics and Computational Biology Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rita D Brandão
- Maastricht Science Programme, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Demis Tserpelis
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Baralle
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Gemma Montalban
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Gutiérrez-Enríquez
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Orland Díez
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Genetics and Computational Biology Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milano, Italy
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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27
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Jhuraney A, Velkova A, Johnson RC, Kessing B, Carvalho RS, Whiley P, Spurdle AB, Vreeswijk MPG, Caputo SM, Millot GA, Vega A, Coquelle N, Galli A, Eccles D, Blok MJ, Pal T, van der Luijt RB, Santamariña Pena M, Neuhausen SL, Donenberg T, Machackova E, Thomas S, Vallée M, Couch FJ, Tavtigian SV, Glover JNM, Carvalho MA, Brody LC, Sharan SK, Monteiro AN. BRCA1 Circos: a visualisation resource for functional analysis of missense variants. J Med Genet 2015; 52:224-30. [PMID: 25643705 PMCID: PMC4392196 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inactivating germline mutations in the tumour suppressor gene BRCA1 are associated with a significantly increased risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. A large number (>1500) of unique BRCA1 variants have been identified in the population and can be classified as pathogenic, non-pathogenic or as variants of unknown significance (VUS). Many VUS are rare missense variants leading to single amino acid changes. Their impact on protein function cannot be directly inferred from sequence information, precluding assessment of their pathogenicity. Thus, functional assays are critical to assess the impact of these VUS on protein activity. BRCA1 is a multifunctional protein and different assays have been used to assess the impact of variants on different biochemical activities and biological processes. METHODS AND RESULTS To facilitate VUS analysis, we have developed a visualisation resource that compiles and displays functional data on all documented BRCA1 missense variants. BRCA1 Circos is a web-based visualisation tool based on the freely available Circos software package. The BRCA1 Circos web tool (http://research.nhgri.nih.gov/bic/circos/) aggregates data from all published BRCA1 missense variants for functional studies, harmonises their results and presents various functionalities to search and interpret individual-level functional information for each BRCA1 missense variant. CONCLUSIONS This research visualisation tool will serve as a quick one-stop publically available reference for all the BRCA1 missense variants that have been functionally assessed. It will facilitate meta-analysis of functional data and improve assessment of pathogenicity of VUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Jhuraney
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- University of South Florida Cancer Biology PhD Program, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Aneliya Velkova
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Randall C Johnson
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Fredrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Bailey Kessing
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Fredrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Renato S Carvalho
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Divisão de Farmacologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Phillip Whiley
- Genetics and Population Health Division, QIMR, BNE, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Genetics and Population Health Division, QIMR, BNE, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Maaike P G Vreeswijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sandrine M Caputo
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Hôpital René Huguenin, Paris, France
| | - Gael A Millot
- Institut Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Santiago, Spain
| | - Nicolas Coquelle
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alvaro Galli
- Instituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Marinus J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tuya Pal
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Rob B van der Luijt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | | | - Eva Machackova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simon Thomas
- Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Maxime Vallée
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sean V Tavtigian
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - J N Mark Glover
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marcelo A Carvalho
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Divisão de Farmacologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lawrence C Brody
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shyam K Sharan
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Alvaro N Monteiro
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Blanco I, Kuchenbaecker K, Cuadras D, Wang X, Barrowdale D, de Garibay GR, Librado P, Sánchez-Gracia A, Rozas J, Bonifaci N, McGuffog L, Pankratz VS, Islam A, Mateo F, Berenguer A, Petit A, Català I, Brunet J, Feliubadaló L, Tornero E, Benítez J, Osorio A, Cajal TRY, Nevanlinna H, Aittomäki K, Arun BK, Toland AE, Karlan BY, Walsh C, Lester J, Greene MH, Mai PL, Nussbaum RL, Andrulis IL, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Barkardottir RB, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Durda K, Jaworska-Bieniek K, Claes K, Van Maerken T, Díez O, Hansen TV, Jønson L, Gerdes AM, Ejlertsen B, de la Hoya M, Caldés T, Dunning AM, Oliver C, Fineberg E, Cook M, Peock S, McCann E, Murray A, Jacobs C, Pichert G, Lalloo F, Chu C, Dorkins H, Paterson J, Ong KR, Teixeira MR, Hogervorst FBL, van der Hout AH, Seynaeve C, van der Luijt RB, Ligtenberg MJL, Devilee P, Wijnen JT, Rookus MA, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Blok MJ, van den Ouweland AMW, Aalfs CM, Rodriguez GC, Phillips KAA, Piedmonte M, Nerenstone SR, Bae-Jump VL, O'Malley DM, Ratner ES, Schmutzler RK, Wappenschmidt B, Rhiem K, Engel C, Meindl A, Ditsch N, Arnold N, Plendl HJ, Niederacher D, Sutter C, Wang-Gohrke S, Steinemann D, Preisler-Adams S, Kast K, Varon-Mateeva R, Gehrig A, Bojesen A, Pedersen IS, Sunde L, Jensen UB, Thomassen M, Kruse TA, Foretova L, Peterlongo P, Bernard L, Peissel B, Scuvera G, Manoukian S, Radice P, Ottini L, Montagna M, Agata S, Maugard C, Simard J, Soucy P, Berger A, Fink-Retter A, Singer CF, Rappaport C, Geschwantler-Kaulich D, Tea MK, Pfeiler G, John EM, Miron A, Neuhausen SL, Terry MB, Chung WK, Daly MB, Goldgar DE, Janavicius R, Dorfling CM, van Rensburg EJ, Fostira F, Konstantopoulou I, Garber J, Godwin AK, Olah E, Narod SA, Rennert G, Paluch SS, Laitman Y, Friedman E, Liljegren A, Rantala J, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Loman N, Imyanitov EN, Hamann U, Spurdle AB, Healey S, Weitzel JN, Herzog J, Margileth D, Gorrini C, Esteller M, Gómez A, Sayols S, Vidal E, Heyn H, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Léoné M, Barjhoux L, Fassy-Colcombet M, de Pauw A, Lasset C, Ferrer SF, Castera L, Berthet P, Cornelis F, Bignon YJ, Damiola F, Mazoyer S, Sinilnikova OM, Maxwell CA, Vijai J, Robson M, Kauff N, Corines MJ, Villano D, Cunningham J, Lee A, Lindor N, Lázaro C, Easton DF, Offit K, Chenevix-Trench G, Couch FJ, Antoniou AC, Pujana MA. Assessing associations between the AURKA-HMMR-TPX2-TUBG1 functional module and breast cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120020. [PMID: 25830658 PMCID: PMC4382299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
While interplay between BRCA1 and AURKA-RHAMM-TPX2-TUBG1 regulates mammary epithelial polarization, common genetic variation in HMMR (gene product RHAMM) may be associated with risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers. Following on these observations, we further assessed the link between the AURKA-HMMR-TPX2-TUBG1 functional module and risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. Forty-one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 15,252 BRCA1 and 8,211 BRCA2 mutation carriers and subsequently analyzed using a retrospective likelihood approach. The association of HMMR rs299290 with breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers was confirmed: per-allele hazard ratio (HR) = 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.15, p = 1.9 x 10(-4) (false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted p = 0.043). Variation in CSTF1, located next to AURKA, was also found to be associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers: rs2426618 per-allele HR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.03-1.16, p = 0.005 (FDR-adjusted p = 0.045). Assessment of pairwise interactions provided suggestions (FDR-adjusted pinteraction values > 0.05) for deviations from the multiplicative model for rs299290 and CSTF1 rs6064391, and rs299290 and TUBG1 rs11649877 in both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Following these suggestions, the expression of HMMR and AURKA or TUBG1 in sporadic breast tumors was found to potentially interact, influencing patients' survival. Together, the results of this study support the hypothesis of a causative link between altered function of AURKA-HMMR-TPX2-TUBG1 and breast carcinogenesis in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Blanco
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Karoline Kuchenbaecker
- Epidemiological Study of Familial Breast Cancer (EMBRACE), Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Cuadras
- Statistics Unit, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Epidemiological Study of Familial Breast Cancer (EMBRACE), Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gorka Ruiz de Garibay
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pablo Librado
- Department of Genetics and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Sánchez-Gracia
- Department of Genetics and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Julio Rozas
- Department of Genetics and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Núria Bonifaci
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Epidemiological Study of Familial Breast Cancer (EMBRACE), Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vernon S. Pankratz
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Abul Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Francesca Mateo
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antoni Berenguer
- Statistics Unit, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Petit
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isabel Català
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Brunet
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Josep Trueta, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lidia Feliubadaló
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eva Tornero
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Javier Benítez
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Ramón y Cajal
- Oncology Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Banu K. Arun
- Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amanda E. Toland
- Division of Human Cancer Genetics, Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Christine Walsh
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Mark H. Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Maryland, Rockville, United States of America
| | - Phuong L. Mai
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Maryland, Rockville, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Nussbaum
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Departments of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan M. Domchek
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Timothy R. Rebbeck
- Abramson Cancer Center and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rosa B. Barkardottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital and BMC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Kathleen Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Maerken
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Orland Díez
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Thomas V. Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Jønson
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, San Carlos Research Institute (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Trinidad Caldés
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, San Carlos Research Institute (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Epidemiological Study of Familial Breast Cancer (EMBRACE), Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Oliver
- Epidemiological Study of Familial Breast Cancer (EMBRACE), Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Fineberg
- Epidemiological Study of Familial Breast Cancer (EMBRACE), Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret Cook
- Epidemiological Study of Familial Breast Cancer (EMBRACE), Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Peock
- Epidemiological Study of Familial Breast Cancer (EMBRACE), Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emma McCann
- All Wales Medical Genetics Service, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Rhyl, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Murray
- All Wales Medical Genetics Services, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Jacobs
- Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriella Pichert
- Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Lalloo
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Carol Chu
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Huw Dorkins
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Joan Paterson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kai-Ren Ong
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel R. Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, and Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teixeira
- Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON), Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Annemarie H. van der Hout
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Caroline Seynaeve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob B. van der Luijt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn J. L. Ligtenberg
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Pathology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Juul T. Wijnen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matti A. Rookus
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cora M. Aalfs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gustavo C. Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kelly-Anne A. Phillips
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marion Piedmonte
- Gynecologic Oncology Group Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Stacy R. Nerenstone
- Central Connecticut Cancer Consortium, Hartford Hospital/Helen and Harry Gray Cancer Center, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Victoria L. Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David M. O'Malley
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Ohio State University, Columbus Cancer Council, Hilliard, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Elena S. Ratner
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Rita K. Schmutzler
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kerstin Rhiem
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hansjoerg J. Plendl
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Gehrig
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anders Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Inge Sokilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lone Sunde
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Torben A. Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Fondazione Istituto di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (FIRC), Milan, Italy
| | - Loris Bernard
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Giulietta Scuvera
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua, Italy
| | - Simona Agata
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua, Italy
| | - Christine Maugard
- Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique et Service d'Onco-Hématologie, Hopitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jacques Simard
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Penny Soucy
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Andreas Berger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anneliese Fink-Retter
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian F. Singer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Rappaport
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daphne Geschwantler-Kaulich
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Muy-Kheng Tea
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - BCFR
- Breast Cancer Family Registry (BCFR), Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, United States of America
| | - Esther M. John
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, United States of America
| | - Alex Miron
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mary B. Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - David E. Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, State Research Centre Institute for Innovative medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Cecilia M. Dorfling
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, South Africa
| | | | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Institute of Radioisotopes and Radiodiagnostic Products (IRRP), National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Institute of Radioisotopes and Radiodiagnostic Products (IRRP), National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - Judy Garber
- Center for Cancer Genetics and Prevention, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Steven A. Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center and B Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Yael Laitman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - SWE-BRCA
- Swedish BRCA1 and BRCA2 Study (SWE-BRCA), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annelie Liljegren
- Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Rantala
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Stenmark-Askmalm
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Niklas Loman
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - kConFab Investigators
- Kathleen Cuningham Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFab), Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sue Healey
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jeffrey N. Weitzel
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Josef Herzog
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - David Margileth
- St. Joseph Hospital of Orange, Care of City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Chiara Gorrini
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antonio Gómez
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergi Sayols
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Enrique Vidal
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Holger Heyn
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - GEMO
- Groupe Genetique et Cancer (GEMO), National Cancer Genetics Network, French Federation of Comprehensive Cancer Centers (UNICANCER), Paris, France
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Department of Tumour Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U830, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Melanie Léoné
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon–Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Laure Barjhoux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Christine Lasset
- Université Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5558, and Unité de Prévention et d’Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Sandra Fert Ferrer
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôtel Dieu Centre Hospitalier, Chambéry, France
| | | | | | - François Cornelis
- Genetic Unit, Avicenne Hospital, Assitance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, Sud-Francilien Hospital, Evry-Corbeil, and University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- Département d'Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, Université de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Francesca Damiola
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Olga M. Sinilnikova
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon–Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christopher A. Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mark Robson
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Noah Kauff
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Marina J. Corines
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Danylko Villano
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Julie Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Adam Lee
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Noralane Lindor
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Conxi Lázaro
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Epidemiological Study of Familial Breast Cancer (EMBRACE), Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Epidemiological Study of Familial Breast Cancer (EMBRACE), Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Angel Pujana
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
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Colombo M, Blok MJ, Whiley P, Santamariña M, Gutiérrez-Enríquez S, Romero A, Garre P, Becker A, Smith LD, De Vecchi G, Brandão RD, Tserpelis D, Brown M, Blanco A, Bonache S, Menéndez M, Houdayer C, Foglia C, Fackenthal JD, Baralle D, Wappenschmidt B, Díaz-Rubio E, Caldés T, Walker L, Díez O, Vega A, Spurdle AB, Radice P, De La Hoya M. Comprehensive annotation of splice junctions supports pervasive alternative splicing at the BRCA1 locus: a report from the ENIGMA consortium. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:3666-80. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mara Colombo
- Department of Preventive
and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy,
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands,
| | - Phillip Whiley
- Molecular Cancer Epidemiology Laboratory, Genetics and Computational Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia,
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia,
| | - Marta Santamariña
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain,
| | | | - Atocha Romero
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain,
| | - Pilar Garre
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain,
| | - Alexandra Becker
- Center of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
| | - Lindsay Denise Smith
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK,
| | - Giovanna De Vecchi
- Department of Preventive
and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy,
| | - Rita D. Brandão
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands,
| | - Demis Tserpelis
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands,
| | - Melissa Brown
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia,
| | - Ana Blanco
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain,
| | - Sandra Bonache
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Mireia Menéndez
- Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Claude Houdayer
- Service de Génétique and INSERM U830, Institut Curie and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,
| | - Claudia Foglia
- Department of Preventive
and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy,
| | - James D. Fackenthal
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA,
| | - Diana Baralle
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK,
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Center of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
| | - Eduardo Díaz-Rubio
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain,
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain,
| | - Trinidad Caldés
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain,
| | - Logan Walker
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Orland Díez
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and
- Oncogenetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,
- Oncogenetics Group, University Hospital of Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain,
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Molecular Cancer Epidemiology Laboratory, Genetics and Computational Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia,
| | - Paolo Radice
- Department of Preventive
and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy,
| | - Miguel De La Hoya
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain,
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Brandão RD, van Roozendaal K, Tserpelis D, Blok MJ. FMR1 low sub-genotype does not rescue BRCA1/2-mutated human embryos and does not explain primary ovarian insufficiency among BRCA1/2-carriers. Hum Reprod 2013; 28:2308-11. [PMID: 23760159 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/det254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can we confirm in our population whether FMRI low sub-genotypes are associated with BRCA1/2 mutations, as recently proposed? SUMMARY ANSWER Our results indicate that the distribution of the FMR1 sub-genotypes in female BRCA1/2-mutation carriers is significantly different from what has been reported previously and resembles that of the control population. FMRI low sub-genotypes are not associated with BRCA1/2 mutations and this association is also absent among male mutation carriers. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Recently, BRCA1 mutations were reported to be associated with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in female carriers. In animal models, BRCA2-deficiency also results in impaired oogenesis. A recent study has reported that the POI in BRCA1/2-mutation carriers is most likely due to low FMR1 sub-genotype (CGG n < 26) and the authors also suggested that low sub-genotypes of the FMR1 gene might be important to rescue the BRCA1/2 embryos, which would otherwise be embryonically-lethal. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This retrospective study was performed in October and November of 2012, using genetic material of 464 patients who underwent genetic screening in our centre in the past. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We tested the FMR1 sub-genotypes in 60 female and 29 males with either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations and 375 controls by PCR amplification and size fragment analysis. MAIN RESULTS We did not find any evidence for an association of FMR1 low sub-genotypes and BRCA1/2 mutations. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This association study assumes that the female BRCA1/2 population tested has POI. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Low FMR1 sub-genotypes are not responsible for the presumed rescue of embryos with BRCA1/2 mutations. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of the POI in BRCA1/2-female carriers is not likely to be associated with low FMR1 sub-genotype. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The Department of Clinical Genetics of the Maastricht University Medical Centre supported the study. The authors do not have any competing interests to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Brandão
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Steinbusch CVM, van Roozendaal KEP, Tserpelis D, Smeets EEJ, Kranenburg-de Koning TJ, de Waal KH, Zweier C, Rauch A, Hennekam RCM, Blok MJ, Schrander-Stumpel CTRM. Somatic mosaicism in a mother of two children with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome. Clin Genet 2013; 83:73-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01857.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Couch FJ, Wang X, McGuffog L, Lee A, Olswold C, Kuchenbaecker KB, Soucy P, Fredericksen Z, Barrowdale D, Dennis J, Gaudet MM, Dicks E, Kosel M, Healey S, Sinilnikova OM, Lee A, Bacot F, Vincent D, Hogervorst FBL, Peock S, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Jakubowska A, Investigators KC, Radice P, Schmutzler RK, Domchek SM, Piedmonte M, Singer CF, Friedman E, Thomassen M, Hansen TVO, Neuhausen SL, Szabo CI, Blanco I, Greene MH, Karlan BY, Garber J, Phelan CM, Weitzel JN, Montagna M, Olah E, Andrulis IL, Godwin AK, Yannoukakos D, Goldgar DE, Caldes T, Nevanlinna H, Osorio A, Terry MB, Daly MB, van Rensburg EJ, Hamann U, Ramus SJ, Ewart Toland A, Caligo MA, Olopade OI, Tung N, Claes K, Beattie MS, Southey MC, Imyanitov EN, Tischkowitz M, Janavicius R, John EM, Kwong A, Diez O, Balmaña J, Barkardottir RB, Arun BK, Rennert G, Teo SH, Ganz PA, Campbell I, van der Hout AH, van Deurzen CHM, Seynaeve C, Gómez Garcia EB, van Leeuwen FE, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Gille JJP, Ausems MGEM, Blok MJ, Ligtenberg MJL, Rookus MA, Devilee P, Verhoef S, van Os TAM, Wijnen JT, Frost D, Ellis S, Fineberg E, Platte R, Evans DG, Izatt L, Eeles RA, Adlard J, Eccles DM, Cook J, Brewer C, Douglas F, Hodgson S, Morrison PJ, Side LE, Donaldson A, Houghton C, Rogers MT, Dorkins H, Eason J, Gregory H, McCann E, Murray A, Calender A, Hardouin A, Berthet P, Delnatte C, Nogues C, Lasset C, Houdayer C, Leroux D, Rouleau E, Prieur F, Damiola F, Sobol H, Coupier I, Venat-Bouvet L, Castera L, Gauthier-Villars M, Léoné M, Pujol P, Mazoyer S, Bignon YJ, Złowocka-Perłowska E, Gronwald J, Lubinski J, Durda K, Jaworska K, Huzarski T, Spurdle AB, Viel A, Peissel B, Bonanni B, Melloni G, Ottini L, Papi L, Varesco L, Tibiletti MG, Peterlongo P, Volorio S, Manoukian S, Pensotti V, Arnold N, Engel C, Deissler H, Gadzicki D, Gehrig A, Kast K, Rhiem K, Meindl A, Niederacher D, Ditsch N, Plendl H, Preisler-Adams S, Engert S, Sutter C, Varon-Mateeva R, Wappenschmidt B, Weber BHF, Arver B, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Loman N, Rosenquist R, Einbeigi Z, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Blank SV, Cohn DE, Rodriguez GC, Small L, Friedlander M, Bae-Jump VL, Fink-Retter A, Rappaport C, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Pfeiler G, Tea MK, Lindor NM, Kaufman B, Shimon Paluch S, Laitman Y, Skytte AB, Gerdes AM, Pedersen IS, Moeller ST, Kruse TA, Jensen UB, Vijai J, Sarrel K, Robson M, Kauff N, Mulligan AM, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Ejlertsen B, Nielsen FC, Jønson L, Andersen MK, Ding YC, Steele L, Foretova L, Teulé A, Lazaro C, Brunet J, Pujana MA, Mai PL, Loud JT, Walsh C, Lester J, Orsulic S, Narod SA, Herzog J, Sand SR, Tognazzo S, Agata S, Vaszko T, Weaver J, Stavropoulou AV, Buys SS, Romero A, de la Hoya M, Aittomäki K, Muranen TA, Duran M, Chung WK, Lasa A, Dorfling CM, Miron A, Benitez J, Senter L, Huo D, Chan SB, Sokolenko AP, Chiquette J, Tihomirova L, Friebel TM, Agnarsson BA, Lu KH, Lejbkowicz F, James PA, Hall P, Dunning AM, Tessier D, Cunningham J, Slager SL, Wang C, Hart S, Stevens K, Simard J, Pastinen T, Pankratz VS, Offit K, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G, Antoniou AC. Genome-wide association study in BRCA1 mutation carriers identifies novel loci associated with breast and ovarian cancer risk. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003212. [PMID: 23544013 PMCID: PMC3609646 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1-associated breast and ovarian cancer risks can be modified by common genetic variants. To identify further cancer risk-modifying loci, we performed a multi-stage GWAS of 11,705 BRCA1 carriers (of whom 5,920 were diagnosed with breast and 1,839 were diagnosed with ovarian cancer), with a further replication in an additional sample of 2,646 BRCA1 carriers. We identified a novel breast cancer risk modifier locus at 1q32 for BRCA1 carriers (rs2290854, P = 2.7 × 10(-8), HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09-1.20). In addition, we identified two novel ovarian cancer risk modifier loci: 17q21.31 (rs17631303, P = 1.4 × 10(-8), HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.17-1.38) and 4q32.3 (rs4691139, P = 3.4 × 10(-8), HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.17-1.38). The 4q32.3 locus was not associated with ovarian cancer risk in the general population or BRCA2 carriers, suggesting a BRCA1-specific association. The 17q21.31 locus was also associated with ovarian cancer risk in 8,211 BRCA2 carriers (P = 2×10(-4)). These loci may lead to an improved understanding of the etiology of breast and ovarian tumors in BRCA1 carriers. Based on the joint distribution of the known BRCA1 breast cancer risk-modifying loci, we estimated that the breast cancer lifetime risks for the 5% of BRCA1 carriers at lowest risk are 28%-50% compared to 81%-100% for the 5% at highest risk. Similarly, based on the known ovarian cancer risk-modifying loci, the 5% of BRCA1 carriers at lowest risk have an estimated lifetime risk of developing ovarian cancer of 28% or lower, whereas the 5% at highest risk will have a risk of 63% or higher. Such differences in risk may have important implications for risk prediction and clinical management for BRCA1 carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Lee
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Curtis Olswold
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Karoline B. Kuchenbaecker
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Penny Soucy
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Québec City, Canada
| | - Zachary Fredericksen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mia M. Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ed Dicks
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Kosel
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Sue Healey
- Genetics Department, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Olga M. Sinilnikova
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon–Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Adam Lee
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (MPET), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - François Bacot
- Centre d'Innovation Génome Québec et Université McGill, Montreal, Canada
| | - Daniel Vincent
- Centre d'Innovation Génome Québec et Université McGill, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Susan Peock
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Institut Curie, Department of Tumour Biology, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, INSERM U830, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - kConFab Investigators
- Kathleen Cuningham Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer–Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Katharina Schmutzler
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - SWE-BRCA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Susan M. Domchek
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Marion Piedmonte
- Gynecologic Oncology Group Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Christian F. Singer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Thomas V. O. Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Csilla I. Szabo
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL–Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark H. Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Judy Garber
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Catherine M. Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey N. Weitzel
- Clinical Cancer Genetics (for the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV–IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, IRRP, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - David E. Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Trinidad Caldes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mary B. Daly
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, California, United States of America
| | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- Divison of Human Cancer Genetics, Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Maria A. Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Olufunmilayo I. Olopade
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mary S. Beattie
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Esther M. John
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, Califoria, United States of America
| | - Ava Kwong
- The Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Cancer Genetics Center, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Laboratory, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron and Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa B. Barkardottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital and BMC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Banu K. Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Clinical Cancer Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre and University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Patricia A. Ganz
- UCLA Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ian Campbell
- VBCRC Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Carolien H. M. van Deurzen
- Department of Pathology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Seynaeve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Encarna B. Gómez Garcia
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, MUMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Flora E. van Leeuwen
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Johannes J. P. Gille
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn J. L. Ligtenberg
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Matti A. Rookus
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Senno Verhoef
- Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo A. M. van Os
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juul T. Wijnen
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - HEBON
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - EMBRACE
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Ellis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Fineberg
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Radka Platte
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind A. Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Adlard
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Diana M. Eccles
- University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Douglas
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Shirley Hodgson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J. Morrison
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, and Department of Medical Genetics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy E. Side
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust and Institute for Womens Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Donaldson
- Clinical Genetics Department, St Michael's Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Houghton
- Cheshire and Merseyside Clinical Genetics Service, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mark T. Rogers
- All Wales Medical Genetics Services, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Huw Dorkins
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline Eason
- Nottingham Clinical Genetics Service, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Gregory
- North of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, NHS Grampian and University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Emma McCann
- All Wales Medical Genetics Services, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Rhyl, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Murray
- All Wales Medical Genetics Services, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Alain Calender
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon–Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Catherine Nogues
- Oncogénétique Clinique, Hôpital René Huguenin/Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Christine Lasset
- Unité de Prévention et d'Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5558, Lyon, France
| | - Claude Houdayer
- Institut Curie, Department of Tumour Biology, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Leroux
- Department of Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- Institut Albert Bonniot, Université de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Etienne Rouleau
- Laboratoire d'Oncogénétique, Hôpital René Huguenin, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Fabienne Prieur
- Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de St Etienne, St Etienne, France
| | - Francesca Damiola
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Hagay Sobol
- Département Oncologie Génétique, Prévention et Dépistage, INSERM CIC-P9502, Institut Paoli-Calmettes/Université d'Aix-Marseille II, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Coupier
- Unité d'Oncogénétique, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
- Unité d'Oncogénétique, CRLCC Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Venat-Bouvet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | | | | | - Mélanie Léoné
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon–Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Pascal Pujol
- Unité d'Oncogénétique, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
- INSERM 896, CRCM Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- Département d'Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, Université de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - GEMO Study Collaborators
- National Cancer Genetics Network, UNICANCER Genetic Group, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon and Institut Curie Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Huzarski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Genetics Department, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alessandra Viel
- Division of Experimental Oncology 1, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Melloni
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Papi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Physiopathology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Liliana Varesco
- Unit of Hereditary Cancer, Department of Epidemiology, Prevention and Special Functions, IRCCS AOU San Martino–IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Volorio
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare and Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Pensotti
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare and Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Norbert Arnold
- University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein/University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Andrea Gehrig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kerstin Rhiem
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hansjoerg Plendl
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Engert
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Brita Arver
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Stenmark-Askmalm
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Niklas Loman
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zakaria Einbeigi
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Timothy R. Rebbeck
- Abramson Cancer Center and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Stephanie V. Blank
- NYU Women's Cancer Program, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - David E. Cohn
- Ohio State University, Columbus Cancer Council, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gustavo C. Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, North Shore University Health System, University of Chicago, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Laurie Small
- Maine Medical Center, Maine Women's Surgery and Cancer Centre, Scarborough, Maine, United States of America
| | - Michael Friedlander
- ANZ GOTG Coordinating Centre, Australia New Zealand GOG, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Victoria L. Bae-Jump
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Anneliese Fink-Retter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Rappaport
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daphne Gschwantler-Kaulich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Muy-Kheng Tea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Noralane M. Lindor
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Inge Sokilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Torben A. Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kara Sarrel
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mark Robson
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Noah Kauff
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gord Glendon
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hilmi Ozcelik
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn C. Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Jønson
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette K. Andersen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Linda Steele
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alex Teulé
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL–Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL–Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Brunet
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI–Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Miquel Angel Pujana
- Translational Research Laboratory, Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Unit, IDIBELL–Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Phuong L. Mai
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jennifer T. Loud
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christine Walsh
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Steven A. Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Josef Herzog
- Clinical Cancer Genetics (for the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Sharon R. Sand
- Clinical Cancer Genetics (for the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Silvia Tognazzo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV–IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Simona Agata
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV–IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Tibor Vaszko
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Joellen Weaver
- Biosample Repository, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alexandra V. Stavropoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, IRRP, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - Saundra S. Buys
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Atocha Romero
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taru A. Muranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mercedes Duran
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad de Valladolid (IBGM–UVA), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Adriana Lasa
- Genetics Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alexander Miron
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - BCFR
- Breast Cancer Family Registry, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, United States of America
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group and Genotyping Unit, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leigha Senter
- Divison of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dezheng Huo
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Salina B. Chan
- Cancer Risk Program, Helen Diller Family Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | | | - Jocelyne Chiquette
- Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Centre de Recherche FRSQ du Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Tara M. Friebel
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Bjarni A. Agnarsson
- Landspitali University Hospital and University of Iceland School of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Karen H. Lu
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Clinical Cancer Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Flavio Lejbkowicz
- Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Paul A. James
- Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Tessier
- Centre d'Innovation Génome Québec et Université McGill, Montreal, Canada
| | - Julie Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Susan L. Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Steven Hart
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kristen Stevens
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jacques Simard
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Québec City, Canada
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Vernon S. Pankratz
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Millot GA, Carvalho MA, Caputo SM, Vreeswijk MPG, Brown MA, Webb M, Rouleau E, Neuhausen SL, Hansen TVO, Galli A, Brandão RD, Blok MJ, Velkova A, Couch FJ, Monteiro ANA. A guide for functional analysis of BRCA1 variants of uncertain significance. Hum Mutat 2012; 33:1526-37. [PMID: 22753008 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene BRCA1 confer an estimated lifetime risk of 56-80% for breast cancer and 15-60% for ovarian cancer. Since the mid 1990s when BRCA1 was identified, genetic testing has revealed over 1,500 unique germline variants. However, for a significant number of these variants, the effect on protein function is unknown making it difficult to infer the consequences on risks of breast and ovarian cancers. Thus, many individuals undergoing genetic testing for BRCA1 mutations receive test results reporting a variant of uncertain clinical significance (VUS), leading to issues in risk assessment, counseling, and preventive care. Here, we describe functional assays for BRCA1 to directly or indirectly assess the impact of a variant on protein conformation or function and how these results can be used to complement genetic data to classify a VUS as to its clinical significance. Importantly, these methods may provide a framework for genome-wide pathogenicity assignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël A Millot
- Institut Curie, CNRS, UMR 3244 Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
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Jakubowska A, Rozkrut D, Antoniou A, Hamann U, Scott RJ, McGuffog L, Healy S, Sinilnikova OM, Rennert G, Lejbkowicz F, Flugelman A, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Thomassen M, Paligo M, Aretini P, Kantala J, Aroer B, von Wachenfeldt A, Liljegren A, Loman N, Herbst K, Kristoffersson U, Rosenquist R, Karlsson P, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Melin B, Nathanson KL, Domchek SM, Byrski T, Huzarski T, Gronwald J, Menkiszak J, Cybulski C, Serrano P, Osorio A, Cajal TR, Tsitlaidou M, Benítez J, Gilbert M, Rookus M, Aalfs CM, Kluijt I, Boessenkool-Pape JL, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Oosterwijk JC, van Asperen CJ, Blok MJ, Nelen MR, van den Ouweland AMW, Seynaeve C, van der Luijt RB, Devilee P, Easton DF, Peock S, Frost D, Platte R, Ellis SD, Fineberg E, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Jacobs C, Adlard J, Davidson R, Eccles D, Cole T, Cook J, Godwin A, Bove B, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Caux-Moncoutier V, Belotti M, Tirapo C, Mazoyer S, Barjhoux L, Boutry-Kryza N, Pujol P, Coupier I, Peyrat JP, Vennin P, Muller D, Fricker JP, Venat-Bouvet L, Johannsson OT, Isaacs C, Schmutzler R, Wappenschmidt B, Meindl A, Arnold N, Varon-Mateeva R, Niederacher D, Sutter C, Deissler H, Preisler-Adams S, Simard J, Soucy P, Durocher F, Chenevix-Trench G, Beesley J, Chen X, Rebbeck T, Couch F, Wang X, Lindor N, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Peterlongo P, Bonanni B, Fortuzzi S, Peissel B, Szabo C, Mai PL, Loud JT, Lubinski J. Association of PHB 1630 C>T and MTHFR 677 C>T polymorphisms with breast and ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers: results from a multicenter study. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:2016-24. [PMID: 22669161 PMCID: PMC3388557 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 03/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The variable penetrance of breast cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers suggests that other genetic or environmental factors modify breast cancer risk. Two genes of special interest are prohibitin (PHB) and methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), both of which are important either directly or indirectly in maintaining genomic integrity. METHODS To evaluate the potential role of genetic variants within PHB and MTHFR in breast and ovarian cancer risk, 4102 BRCA1 and 2093 BRCA2 mutation carriers, and 6211 BRCA1 and 2902 BRCA2 carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (CIMBA) were genotyped for the PHB 1630 C>T (rs6917) polymorphism and the MTHFR 677 C>T (rs1801133) polymorphism, respectively. RESULTS There was no evidence of association between the PHB 1630 C>T and MTHFR 677 C>T polymorphisms with either disease for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers when breast and ovarian cancer associations were evaluated separately. Analysis that evaluated associations for breast and ovarian cancer simultaneously showed some evidence that BRCA1 mutation carriers who had the rare homozygote genotype (TT) of the PHB 1630 C>T polymorphism were at increased risk of both breast and ovarian cancer (HR 1.50, 95%CI 1.10-2.04 and HR 2.16, 95%CI 1.24-3.76, respectively). However, there was no evidence of association under a multiplicative model for the effect of each minor allele. CONCLUSION The PHB 1630TT genotype may modify breast and ovarian cancer risks in BRCA1 mutation carriers. This association need to be evaluated in larger series of BRCA1 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
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Couch FJ, Gaudet MM, Antoniou AC, Ramus SJ, Kuchenbaecker KB, Soucy P, Beesley J, Chen X, Wang X, Kirchhoff T, McGuffog L, Barrowdale D, Lee A, Healey S, Sinilnikova OM, Andrulis IL, Ozcelik H, Mulligan AM, Thomassen M, Gerdes AM, Jensen UB, Skytte AB, Kruse TA, Caligo MA, von Wachenfeldt A, Barbany-Bustinza G, Loman N, Soller M, Ehrencrona H, Karlsson P, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Domchek SM, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska K, Durda K, Zlowocka E, Huzarski T, Byrski T, Gronwald J, Cybulski C, Górski B, Osorio A, Durán M, Tejada MI, Benitez J, Hamann U, Hogervorst FBL, van Os TA, van Leeuwen FE, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Wijnen J, Blok MJ, Kets M, Hooning MJ, Oldenburg RA, Ausems MGEM, Peock S, Frost D, Ellis SD, Platte R, Fineberg E, Evans DG, Jacobs C, Eeles RA, Adlard J, Davidson R, Eccles DM, Cole T, Cook J, Paterson J, Brewer C, Douglas F, Hodgson SV, Morrison PJ, Walker L, Porteous ME, Kennedy MJ, Side LE, Bove B, Godwin AK, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Fassy-Colcombet M, Castera L, Cornelis F, Mazoyer S, Léoné M, Boutry-Kryza N, Bressac-de Paillerets B, Caron O, Pujol P, Coupier I, Delnatte C, Akloul L, Lynch HT, Snyder CL, Buys SS, Daly MB, Terry M, Chung WK, John EM, Miron A, Southey MC, Hopper JL, Goldgar DE, Singer CF, Rappaport C, Tea MKM, Fink-Retter A, Hansen TVO, Nielsen FC, Arason A, Vijai J, Shah S, Sarrel K, Robson ME, Piedmonte M, Phillips K, Basil J, Rubinstein WS, Boggess J, Wakeley K, Ewart-Toland A, Montagna M, Agata S, Imyanitov EN, Isaacs C, Janavicius R, Lazaro C, Blanco I, Feliubadalo L, Brunet J, Gayther SA, Pharoah PPD, Odunsi KO, Karlan BY, Walsh CS, Olah E, Teo SH, Ganz PA, Beattie MS, van Rensburg EJ, Dorfling CM, Diez O, Kwong A, Schmutzler RK, Wappenschmidt B, Engel C, Meindl A, Ditsch N, Arnold N, Heidemann S, Niederacher D, Preisler-Adams S, Gadzicki D, Varon-Mateeva R, Deissler H, Gehrig A, Sutter C, Kast K, Fiebig B, Heinritz W, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Muranen TA, Nevanlinna H, Tischkowitz MD, Spurdle AB, Neuhausen SL, Ding YC, Lindor NM, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Barile M, Bernard L, Viel A, Giannini G, Varesco L, Radice P, Greene MH, Mai PL, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G, Offit K, Simard J. Common variants at the 19p13.1 and ZNF365 loci are associated with ER subtypes of breast cancer and ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:645-57. [PMID: 22351618 PMCID: PMC3319317 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified variants at 19p13.1 and ZNF365 (10q21.2) as risk factors for breast cancer among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, respectively. We explored associations with ovarian cancer and with breast cancer by tumor histopathology for these variants in mutation carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). METHODS Genotyping data for 12,599 BRCA1 and 7,132 BRCA2 mutation carriers from 40 studies were combined. RESULTS We confirmed associations between rs8170 at 19p13.1 and breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers [HR, 1.17; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-1.27; P = 7.42 × 10(-4)] and between rs16917302 at ZNF365 (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73-0.97; P = 0.017) but not rs311499 at 20q13.3 (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.94-1.31; P = 0.22) and breast cancer risk for BRCA2 mutation carriers. Analyses based on tumor histopathology showed that 19p13 variants were predominantly associated with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, whereas rs16917302 at ZNF365 was mainly associated with ER-positive breast cancer for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. We also found for the first time that rs67397200 at 19p13.1 was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer for BRCA1 (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05-1.29; P = 3.8 × 10(-4)) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10-1.52; P = 1.8 × 10(-3)). CONCLUSIONS 19p13.1 and ZNF365 are susceptibility loci for ovarian cancer and ER subtypes of breast cancer among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. IMPACT These findings can lead to an improved understanding of tumor development and may prove useful for breast and ovarian cancer risk prediction for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fergus J Couch
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Burnichon N, Cascón A, Schiavi F, Morales NP, Comino-Méndez I, Abermil N, Inglada-Pérez L, de Cubas AA, Amar L, Barontini M, de Quirós SB, Bertherat J, Bignon YJ, Blok MJ, Bobisse S, Borrego S, Castellano M, Chanson P, Chiara MD, Corssmit EPM, Giacchè M, de Krijger RR, Ercolino T, Girerd X, Gómez-García EB, Gómez-Graña A, Guilhem I, Hes FJ, Honrado E, Korpershoek E, Lenders JWM, Letón R, Mensenkamp AR, Merlo A, Mori L, Murat A, Pierre P, Plouin PF, Prodanov T, Quesada-Charneco M, Qin N, Rapizzi E, Raymond V, Reisch N, Roncador G, Ruiz-Ferrer M, Schillo F, Stegmann APA, Suarez C, Taschin E, Timmers HJLM, Tops CMJ, Urioste M, Beuschlein F, Pacak K, Mannelli M, Dahia PLM, Opocher G, Eisenhofer G, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Robledo M. MAX mutations cause hereditary and sporadic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:2828-37. [PMID: 22452945 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pheochromocytomas (PCC) and paragangliomas (PGL) are genetically heterogeneous neural crest-derived neoplasms. Recently we identified germline mutations in a new tumor suppressor susceptibility gene, MAX (MYC-associated factor X), which predisposes carriers to PCC. How MAX mutations contribute to PCC/PGL and associated phenotypes remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and associated phenotypic features of germline and somatic MAX mutations in PCC/PGL. DESIGN We sequenced MAX in 1,694 patients with PCC or PGL (without mutations in other major susceptibility genes) from 17 independent referral centers. We screened for large deletions/duplications in 1,535 patients using a multiplex PCR-based method. Somatic mutations were searched for in tumors from an additional 245 patients. The frequency and type of MAX mutation was assessed overall and by clinical characteristics. RESULTS Sixteen MAX pathogenic mutations were identified in 23 index patients. All had adrenal tumors, including 13 bilateral or multiple PCCs within the same gland (P < 0.001), 15.8% developed additional tumors at thoracoabdominal sites, and 37% had familial antecedents. Age at diagnosis was lower (P = 0.001) in MAX mutation carriers compared with nonmutated cases. Two patients (10.5%) developed metastatic disease. A mutation affecting MAX was found in five tumors, four of them confirmed as somatic (1.65%). MAX tumors were characterized by substantial increases in normetanephrine, associated with normal or minor increases in metanephrine. CONCLUSIONS Germline mutations in MAX are responsible for 1.12% of PCC/PGL in patients without evidence of other known mutations and should be considered in the genetic work-up of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Burnichon
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
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De Leeneer K, Van Bockstal M, De Brouwer S, Swietek N, Schietecatte P, Sabbaghian N, Van den Ende J, Willocx S, Storm K, Blaumeiser B, Van Asperen CJ, Wijnen JT, Leunen K, Legius E, Michils G, Matthijs G, Blok MJ, Gomez-Garcia E, De Paepe A, Tischkowitz M, Poppe B, Claes K. Evaluation of RAD51C as cancer susceptibility gene in a large breast-ovarian cancer patient population referred for genetic testing. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012; 133:393-8. [PMID: 22370629 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-012-1998-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite extensive analysis of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, germline mutations are detected in <20% of families with a presumed genetic predisposition for breast and ovarian cancer. Recent literature reported RAD51C as a new breast cancer susceptibility gene. In this study, we report the analysis of 410 patients from 351 unrelated pedigrees. All were referred for genetic testing and we selected families with at least one reported case of ovarian cancer in which BRCA1&2 mutations were previously ruled out. We analyzed the coding exons, intron-exons boundaries, and UTRs of RAD51C. Our mutation analysis did not reveal any unequivocal deleterious mutation. In total 12 unique sequence variations were identified of which two were novel. Our study and others suggest a low prevalence of RAD51C mutations with an exception for some founder populations. This observation is in favor of the rare allele hypothesis in the debate over the nature of the genetic contribution to individual susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer and further genome-wide studies in high risk families are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K De Leeneer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Brandão RD, Tserpelis D, Gómez García E, Blok MJ. Detection of exon skipping events in BRCA1 RNA using MLPA kit P002. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:7429-33. [PMID: 22350158 PMCID: PMC3358555 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and easy method to screen for aberrant cDNA would be a very useful diagnostic tool in genetics since a fraction of the DNA variants found affect RNA splicing. The currently used RT-PCR methods require new primer combinations to study each variant that might affect splicing. Since MLPA is routinely used to detect large genomic deletions and successfully detected exon skipping events in Duchenne muscular dystrophy in cDNA, we performed a pilot study to evaluate its value for BRCA1 cDNA. The effect of puromycin, DNase I and two different DNA cleaning protocols were tested in the RNA analysis of lymphocyte cultures. We used two samples from unrelated families with two different BRCA1 exon deletion events, two healthy unrelated controls and six samples from hereditary breast/ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) patients without BRCA1/2 mutations. Using RNA treated with DNase I and cleaned in a column system from puromycin-treated fractions, we were able to identify the two BRCA1 deletions. Additional HBOC patients did not show additional splice events. However, we were not able to get reproducible results. Therefore, the cDNA-MLPA technique using kit BRCA1 P002 is in our hands currently not reliable enough for routine RNA analysis and needs further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita D Brandão
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Whiley P, Walker LC, De LA Hoya M, Wappenschmidt B, Becker A, Blanco A, Blok MJ, Caligo MA, Chatfield C, Couch F, Diez O, Fachal L, Guidugli L, Enríquez S, Hansen T, Houdayer C, Imrie S, Lafferty A, Lázaro C, Menéndez M, Montagna M, Montalbán G, Santamariña M, Pederson I, Southey M, Tancredi M, Tenès A, Thomassen M, Van Overeem Vega A, Spurdle AB, Brown MA. A multi-centre international quality control study comparing mRNA splicing assay protocols and reporting practices from the ENIGMA consortium. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2012. [PMCID: PMC3327263 DOI: 10.1186/1897-4287-10-s2-a87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Brandão RD, van Roozendaal KEP, Tserpelis D, Caanen B, García EG, Blok MJ. BRCA1 c.4987-3C>G is a pathogenic mutation. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 131:723-5. [PMID: 22113256 PMCID: PMC3249558 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-011-1878-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita D. Brandão
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW—School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, University Hospital of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kees E. P. van Roozendaal
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Demis Tserpelis
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Beppy Caanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Encarna Gómez García
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW—School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, University Hospital of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Martrat G, Maxwell CM, Tominaga E, Porta-de-la-Riva M, Bonifaci N, Gómez-Baldó L, Bogliolo M, Lázaro C, Blanco I, Brunet J, Aguilar H, Fernández-Rodríguez J, Seal S, Renwick A, Rahman N, Kühl J, Neveling K, Schindler D, Ramírez MJ, Castellà M, Hernández G, Easton DF, Peock S, Cook M, Oliver CT, Frost D, Platte R, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Izatt L, Chu C, Davidson R, Ong KR, Cook J, Douglas F, Hodgson S, Brewer C, Morrison PJ, Porteous M, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Roversi G, Barile M, Viel A, Pasini B, Ottini L, Putignano AL, Savarese A, Bernard L, Radice P, Healey S, Spurdle A, Chen X, Beesley J, Rookus MA, Verhoef S, Tilanus-Linthorst MA, Vreeswijk MP, Asperen CJ, Bodmer D, Ausems MGEM, van Os TA, Blok MJ, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Hogervorst FBL, Goldgar DE, Buys S, John EM, Miron A, Southey M, Daly MB, Harbst K, Borg A, Rantala J, Barbany-Bustinza G, Ehrencrona H, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Kaufman B, Laitman Y, Milgrom R, Friedman E, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Johannsson OT, Couch FJ, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Cuadras D, Moreno V, Pientka FK, Depping R, Caldés T, Osorio A, Benítez J, Bueren J, Heikkinen T, Nevanlinna H, Hamann U, Torres D, Caligo MA, Godwin AK, Imyanitov EN, Janavicius R, Sinilnikova OM, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Mazoyer S, Verny-Pierre C, Castera L, de Pauw A, Bignon YJ, Uhrhammer N, Peyrat JP, Vennin P, Ferrer SF, Collonge-Rame MA, Mortemousque I, McGuffog L, Chenevix-Trench G, Pereira-Smith OM, Antoniou AC, Cerón J, Tominaga K, Surrallés J, Pujana MA. Exploring the link between MORF4L1 and risk of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2011; 13:R40. [PMID: 21466675 PMCID: PMC3219203 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Proteins encoded by Fanconi anemia (FA) and/or breast cancer (BrCa) susceptibility genes cooperate in a common DNA damage repair signaling pathway. To gain deeper insight into this pathway and its influence on cancer risk, we searched for novel components through protein physical interaction screens. METHODS Protein physical interactions were screened using the yeast two-hybrid system. Co-affinity purifications and endogenous co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed to corroborate interactions. Biochemical and functional assays in human, mouse and Caenorhabditis elegans models were carried out to characterize pathway components. Thirteen FANCD2-monoubiquitinylation-positive FA cell lines excluded for genetic defects in the downstream pathway components and 300 familial BrCa patients negative for BRCA1/2 mutations were analyzed for genetic mutations. Common genetic variants were genotyped in 9,573 BRCA1/2 mutation carriers for associations with BrCa risk. RESULTS A previously identified co-purifying protein with PALB2 was identified, MRG15 (MORF4L1 gene). Results in human, mouse and C. elegans models delineate molecular and functional relationships with BRCA2, PALB2, RAD51 and RPA1 that suggest a role for MRG15 in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Mrg15-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts showed moderate sensitivity to γ-irradiation relative to controls and reduced formation of Rad51 nuclear foci. Examination of mutants of MRG15 and BRCA2 C. elegans orthologs revealed phenocopy by accumulation of RPA-1 (human RPA1) nuclear foci and aberrant chromosomal compactions in meiotic cells. However, no alterations or mutations were identified for MRG15/MORF4L1 in unclassified FA patients and BrCa familial cases. Finally, no significant associations between common MORF4L1 variants and BrCa risk for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers were identified: rs7164529, Ptrend = 0.45 and 0.05, P2df = 0.51 and 0.14, respectively; and rs10519219, Ptrend = 0.92 and 0.72, P2df = 0.76 and 0.07, respectively. CONCLUSIONS While the present study expands on the role of MRG15 in the control of genomic stability, weak associations cannot be ruled out for potential low-penetrance variants at MORF4L1 and BrCa risk among BRCA2 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griselda Martrat
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Gran Via 199, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat 08908, Spain
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Spurdle AB, Marquart L, McGuffog L, Healey S, Sinilnikova O, Wan F, Chen X, Beesley J, Singer CF, Dressler AC, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Blum JL, Tung N, Weitzel J, Lynch H, Garber J, Easton DF, Peock S, Cook M, Oliver CT, Frost D, Conroy D, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Izatt L, Davidson R, Chu C, Eccles D, Selkirk CG, Daly M, Isaacs C, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Sinilnikova OM, Buecher B, Belotti M, Mazoyer S, Barjhoux L, Verny-Pierre C, Lasset C, Dreyfus H, Pujol P, Collonge-Rame MA, Rookus MA, Verhoef S, Kriege M, Hoogerbrugge N, Ausems MGEM, van Os TA, Wijnen J, Devilee P, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Blok MJ, Heikkinen T, Nevanlinna H, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Huzarski T, Byrski T, Durocher F, Couch FJ, Lindor NM, Wang X, Thomassen M, Domchek S, Nathanson K, Caligo M, Jernström H, Liljegren A, Ehrencrona H, Karlsson P, Ganz PA, Olopade OI, Tomlinson G, Neuhausen S, Antoniou AC, Chenevix-Trench G, Rebbeck TR. Common genetic variation at BARD1 is not associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:1032-8. [PMID: 21393566 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherited BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutations confer elevated breast cancer risk. Knowledge of factors that can improve breast cancer risk assessment in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers may improve personalized cancer prevention strategies. METHODS A cohort of 5,546 BRCA1 and 2,865 BRCA2 mutation carriers was used to evaluate risk of breast cancer associated with BARD1 Cys557Ser. In a second nonindependent cohort of 1,537 of BRCA1 and 839 BRCA2 mutation carriers, BARD1 haplotypes were also evaluated. RESULTS The BARD1 Cys557Ser variant was not significantly associated with risk of breast cancer from single SNP analysis, with a pooled effect estimate of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.71-1.15) in BRCA1 carriers and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.59-1.29) in BRCA2 carriers. Further analysis of haplotypes at BARD1 also revealed no evidence that additional common genetic variation not captured by Cys557Ser was associated with breast cancer risk. CONCLUSION Evidence to date does not support a role for BARD1 variation, including the Cy557Ser variant, as a modifier of risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. IMPACT Interactors of BRCA1/2 have been implicated as modifiers of BRCA1/2-associated cancer risk. Our finding that BARD1 does not contribute to this risk modification may focus research on other genes that do modify BRCA1/2-associated cancer risk.
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Ramus SJ, Kartsonaki C, Gayther SA, Pharoah PDP, Sinilnikova OM, Beesley J, Chen X, McGuffog L, Healey S, Couch FJ, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Roversi G, Barile M, Viel A, Allavena A, Ottini L, Papi L, Gismondi V, Capra F, Radice P, Greene MH, Mai PL, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Thomassen M, Gerdes AM, Kruse TA, Cruger D, Jensen UB, Caligo MA, Olsson H, Kristoffersson U, Lindblom A, Arver B, Karlsson P, Stenmark Askmalm M, Borg A, Neuhausen SL, Ding YC, Nathanson KL, Domchek SM, Jakubowska A, Lubiński J, Huzarski T, Byrski T, Gronwald J, Górski B, Cybulski C, Dębniak T, Osorio A, Durán M, Tejada MI, Benítez J, Hamann U, Rookus MA, Verhoef S, Tilanus-Linthorst MA, Vreeswijk MP, Bodmer D, Ausems MGEM, van Os TA, Asperen CJ, Blok MJ, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Peock S, Cook M, Oliver C, Frost D, Dunning AM, Evans DG, Eeles R, Pichert G, Cole T, Hodgson S, Brewer C, Morrison PJ, Porteous M, Kennedy MJ, Rogers MT, Side LE, Donaldson A, Gregory H, Godwin A, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Moncoutier V, Castera L, Mazoyer S, Barjhoux L, Bonadona V, Leroux D, Faivre L, Lidereau R, Nogues C, Bignon YJ, Prieur F, Collonge-Rame MA, Venat-Bouvet L, Fert-Ferrer S, Miron A, Buys SS, Hopper JL, Daly MB, John EM, Terry MB, Goldgar D, Hansen TVO, Jønson L, Ejlertsen B, Agnarsson BA, Offit K, Kirchhoff T, Vijai J, Dutra-Clarke AVC, Przybylo JA, Montagna M, Casella C, Imyanitov EN, Janavicius R, Blanco I, Lázaro C, Moysich KB, Karlan BY, Gross J, Beattie MS, Schmutzler R, Wappenschmidt B, Meindl A, Ruehl I, Fiebig B, Sutter C, Arnold N, Deissler H, Varon-Mateeva R, Kast K, Niederacher D, Gadzicki D, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Nevanlinna H, Aittomäki K, Simard J, Soucy P, Spurdle AB, Holland H, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF, Antoniou AC. Genetic variation at 9p22.2 and ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010; 103:105-16. [PMID: 21169536 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djq494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are associated with increased risks of breast and ovarian cancers. Although several common variants have been associated with breast cancer susceptibility in mutation carriers, none have been associated with ovarian cancer susceptibility. A genome-wide association study recently identified an association between the rare allele of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3814113 (ie, the C allele) at 9p22.2 and decreased risk of ovarian cancer for women in the general population. We evaluated the association of this SNP with ovarian cancer risk among BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers by use of data from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. METHODS We genotyped rs3814113 in 10,029 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 5837 BRCA2 mutation carriers. Associations with ovarian and breast cancer were assessed with a retrospective likelihood approach. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS The minor allele of rs3814113 was associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer among BRCA1 mutation carriers (per-allele hazard ratio of ovarian cancer = 0.78, 95% confidence interval = 0.72 to 0.85; P = 4.8 × 10(-9)) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (hazard ratio of ovarian cancer = 0.78, 95% confidence interval = 0.67 to 0.90; P = 5.5 × 10(-4)). This SNP was not associated with breast cancer risk among either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. BRCA1 mutation carriers with the TT genotype at SNP rs3814113 were predicted to have an ovarian cancer risk to age 80 years of 48%, and those with the CC genotype were predicted to have a risk of 33%. CONCLUSION Common genetic variation at the 9p22.2 locus was associated with decreased risk of ovarian cancer for carriers of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Ramus
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK.
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Paulussen ADC, Stegmann APA, Blok MJ, Tserpelis D, Posma-Velter C, Detisch Y, Smeets EEJGL, Wagemans A, Schrander JJP, van den Boogaard MJH, van der Smagt J, van Haeringen A, Stolte-Dijkstra I, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS, Mancini GM, Wessels MW, Hennekam RCM, Vreeburg M, Geraedts J, de Ravel T, Fryns JP, Smeets HJ, Devriendt K, Schrander-Stumpel CTRM. MLL2 mutation spectrum in 45 patients with Kabuki syndrome. Hum Mutat 2010; 32:E2018-25. [PMID: 21280141 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Kabuki Syndrome (KS) is a rare syndrome characterized by intellectual disability and multiple congenital abnormalities, in particular a distinct dysmorphic facial appearance. KS is caused by mutations in the MLL2 gene, encoding an H3K4 histone methyl transferase which acts as an epigenetic transcriptional activator during growth and development. Direct sequencing of all 54 exons of the MLL2 gene in 45 clinically well-defined KS patients identified 34 (75.6%) different mutations. One mutation has been described previously, all others are novel. Clinically, all KS patients were sporadic, and mutations were de novo for all 27 families for which both parents were available. We detected nonsense (n=11), frameshift (n=17), splice site (n=4) and missense (n=2) mutations, predicting a high frequency of absent or non-functional MLL2 protein. Interestingly, both missense mutations located in the C-terminal conserved functional domains of the protein. Phenotypically our study indicated a statistically significant difference in the presence of a distinct facial appearance (p=0.0143) and growth retardation (p=0.0040) when comparing KS patients with an MLL2 mutation compared to patients without a mutation. Our data double the number of MLL2 mutations in KS reported so far and widen the spectrum of MLL2 mutations and disease mechanisms in KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimée D C Paulussen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Antoniou AC, Beesley J, McGuffog L, Sinilnikova OM, Healey S, Neuhausen SL, Ding YC, Rebbeck TR, Weitzel JN, Lynch HT, Isaacs C, Ganz PA, Tomlinson G, Olopade OI, Couch FJ, Wang X, Lindor NM, Pankratz VS, Radice P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Barile M, Viel A, Allavena A, Dall'Olio V, Peterlongo P, Szabo CI, Zikan M, Claes K, Poppe B, Foretova L, Mai PL, Greene MH, Rennert G, Lejbkowicz F, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Andrulis IL, Thomassen M, Gerdes AM, Sunde L, Cruger D, Birk Jensen U, Caligo M, Friedman E, Kaufman B, Laitman Y, Milgrom R, Dubrovsky M, Cohen S, Borg A, Jernström H, Lindblom A, Rantala J, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Melin B, Nathanson K, Domchek S, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Huzarski T, Osorio A, Lasa A, Durán M, Tejada MI, Godino J, Benitez J, Hamann U, Kriege M, Hoogerbrugge N, van der Luijt RB, van Asperen CJ, Devilee P, Meijers-Heijboer EJ, Blok MJ, Aalfs CM, Hogervorst F, Rookus M, Cook M, Oliver C, Frost D, Conroy D, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Pichert G, Davidson R, Cole T, Cook J, Paterson J, Hodgson S, Morrison PJ, Porteous ME, Walker L, Kennedy MJ, Dorkins H, Peock S, Godwin AK, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, de Pauw A, Mazoyer S, Bonadona V, Lasset C, Dreyfus H, Leroux D, Hardouin A, Berthet P, Faivre L, Loustalot C, Noguchi T, Sobol H, Rouleau E, Nogues C, Frénay M, Vénat-Bouvet L, Hopper JL, Daly MB, Terry MB, John EM, Buys SS, Yassin Y, Miron A, Goldgar D, Singer CF, Dressler AC, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Pfeiler G, Hansen TVO, Jønson L, Agnarsson BA, Kirchhoff T, Offit K, Devlin V, Dutra-Clarke A, Piedmonte M, Rodriguez GC, Wakeley K, Boggess JF, Basil J, Schwartz PE, Blank SV, Toland AE, Montagna M, Casella C, Imyanitov E, Tihomirova L, Blanco I, Lazaro C, Ramus SJ, Sucheston L, Karlan BY, Gross J, Schmutzler R, Wappenschmidt B, Engel C, Meindl A, Lochmann M, Arnold N, Heidemann S, Varon-Mateeva R, Niederacher D, Sutter C, Deissler H, Gadzicki D, Preisler-Adams S, Kast K, Schönbuchner I, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Aittomäki K, Nevanlinna H, Simard J, Spurdle AB, Holland H, Chen X, Platte R, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF. Common breast cancer susceptibility alleles and the risk of breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: implications for risk prediction. Cancer Res 2010; 70:9742-54. [PMID: 21118973 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The known breast cancer susceptibility polymorphisms in FGFR2, TNRC9/TOX3, MAP3K1, LSP1, and 2q35 confer increased risks of breast cancer for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. We evaluated the associations of 3 additional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs4973768 in SLC4A7/NEK10, rs6504950 in STXBP4/COX11, and rs10941679 at 5p12, and reanalyzed the previous associations using additional carriers in a sample of 12,525 BRCA1 and 7,409 BRCA2 carriers. Additionally, we investigated potential interactions between SNPs and assessed the implications for risk prediction. The minor alleles of rs4973768 and rs10941679 were associated with increased breast cancer risk for BRCA2 carriers (per-allele HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.18, P = 0.006 and HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.19, P = 0.03, respectively). Neither SNP was associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 carriers, and rs6504950 was not associated with breast cancer for either BRCA1 or BRCA2 carriers. Of the 9 polymorphisms investigated, 7 were associated with breast cancer for BRCA2 carriers (FGFR2, TOX3, MAP3K1, LSP1, 2q35, SLC4A7, 5p12, P = 7 × 10(-11) - 0.03), but only TOX3 and 2q35 were associated with the risk for BRCA1 carriers (P = 0.0049, 0.03, respectively). All risk-associated polymorphisms appear to interact multiplicatively on breast cancer risk for mutation carriers. Based on the joint genotype distribution of the 7 risk-associated SNPs in BRCA2 mutation carriers, the 5% of BRCA2 carriers at highest risk (i.e., between 95th and 100th percentiles) were predicted to have a probability between 80% and 96% of developing breast cancer by age 80, compared with 42% to 50% for the 5% of carriers at lowest risk. Our findings indicated that these risk differences might be sufficient to influence the clinical management of mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis C Antoniou
- Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Blok MJ, van den Bosch BJ, Jongen E, Hendrickx A, de Die-Smulders CE, Hoogendijk JE, Brusse E, de Visser M, Poll-The BT, Bierau J, de Coo IF, Smeets HJ. The unfolding clinical spectrum of POLG mutations. J Med Genet 2009; 46:776-85. [DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2009.067686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Mohammadi L, Vreeswijk MP, Oldenburg R, van den Ouweland A, Oosterwijk JC, van der Hout AH, Hoogerbrugge N, Ligtenberg M, Ausems MG, van der Luijt RB, Dommering CJ, Gille JJ, Verhoef S, Hogervorst FB, van Os TA, Gómez García E, Blok MJ, Wijnen JT, Helmer Q, Devilee P, van Asperen CJ, van Houwelingen HC. A simple method for co-segregation analysis to evaluate the pathogenicity of unclassified variants; BRCA1 and BRCA2 as an example. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:211. [PMID: 19563646 PMCID: PMC2714556 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Assessment of the clinical significance of unclassified variants (UVs) identified in BRCA1 and BRCA2 is very important for genetic counselling. The analysis of co-segregation of the variant with the disease in families is a powerful tool for the classification of these variants. Statistical methods have been described in literature but these methods are not always easy to apply in a diagnostic setting. Methods We have developed an easy to use method which calculates the likelihood ratio (LR) of an UV being deleterious, with penetrance as a function of age of onset, thereby avoiding the use of liability classes. The application of this algorithm is publicly available http://www.msbi.nl/cosegregation. It can easily be used in a diagnostic setting since it requires only information on gender, genotype, present age and/or age of onset for breast and/or ovarian cancer. Results We have used the algorithm to calculate the likelihood ratio in favour of causality for 3 UVs in BRCA1 (p.M18T, p.S1655F and p.R1699Q) and 5 in BRCA2 (p.E462G p.Y2660D, p.R2784Q, p.R3052W and p.R3052Q). Likelihood ratios varied from 0.097 (BRCA2, p.E462G) to 230.69 (BRCA2, p.Y2660D). Typing distantly related individuals with extreme phenotypes (i.e. very early onset cancer or old healthy individuals) are most informative and give the strongest likelihood ratios for or against causality. Conclusion Although co-segregation analysis on itself is in most cases insufficient to prove pathogenicity of an UV, this method simplifies the use of co-segregation as one of the key features in a multifactorial approach considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Gómez García EB, Oosterwijk JC, Timmermans M, van Asperen CJ, Hogervorst FBL, Hoogerbrugge N, Oldenburg R, Verhoef S, Dommering CJ, Ausems MGEM, van Os TAM, van der Hout AH, Ligtenberg M, van den Ouweland A, van der Luijt RB, Wijnen JT, Gille JJP, Lindsey PJ, Devilee P, Blok MJ, Vreeswijk MPG. A method to assess the clinical significance of unclassified variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes based on cancer family history. Breast Cancer Res 2009; 11:R8. [PMID: 19200354 PMCID: PMC2687711 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Revised: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Unclassified variants (UVs) in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes are a frequent problem in counseling breast cancer and/or ovarian cancer families. Information about cancer family history is usually available, but has rarely been used to evaluate UVs. The aim of the present study was to identify which is the best combination of clinical parameters that can predict whether a UV is deleterious, to be used for the classification of UVs. Methods We developed logistic regression models with the best combination of clinical features that distinguished a positive control of BRCA pathogenic variants (115 families) from a negative control population of BRCA variants initially classified as UVs and later considered neutral (38 families). Results The models included a combination of BRCAPRO scores, Myriad scores, number of ovarian cancers in the family, the age at diagnosis, and the number of persons with ovarian tumors and/or breast tumors. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were respectively 0.935 and 0.836 for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 models. For each model, the minimum receiver operating characteristic distance (respectively 90% and 78% specificity for BRCA1 and BRCA2) was chosen as the cutoff value to predict which UVs are deleterious from a study population of 12 UVs, present in 59 Dutch families. The p.S1655F, p.R1699W, and p.R1699Q variants in BRCA1 and the p.Y2660D, p.R2784Q, and p.R3052W variants in BRCA2 are classified as deleterious according to our models. The predictions of the p.L246V variant in BRCA1 and of the p.Y42C, p.E462G, p.R2888C, and p.R3052Q variants in BRCA2 are in agreement with published information of them being neutral. The p.R2784W variant in BRCA2 remains uncertain. Conclusions The present study shows that these developed models are useful to classify UVs in clinical genetic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Encarna B Gómez García
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Johnatty SE, Couch FJ, Fredericksen Z, Tarrell R, Spurdle AB, Beesley J, Chen X, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Singer CF, Fuerhauser C, Fink-Retter A, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Pankratz VS, Lindor NM, Godwin AK, Caligo MA, Hopper J, Southey MC, Giles GG, Justenhoven C, Brauch H, Hamann U, Ko YD, Heikkinen T, Aaltonen K, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Nevanlinna H, Hall P, Czene K, Liu J, Peock S, Cook M, Platte R, Gareth Evans D, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Pichert G, Eccles D, Davidson R, Cole T, Cook J, Douglas F, Chu C, Hodgson S, Paterson J, Hogervorst FBL, Rookus MA, Seynaeve C, Wijnen J, Vreeswijk M, Ligtenberg M, van der Luijt RB, van Os TAM, Gille HJP, Blok MJ, Issacs C, Humphreys MK, McGuffog L, Healey S, Sinilnikova O, Antoniou AC, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G. No evidence that GATA3 rs570613 SNP modifies breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008; 117:371-9. [PMID: 19082709 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-008-0257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2008] [Accepted: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) is a transcription factor that is crucial to mammary gland morphogenesis and differentiation of progenitor cells, and has been suggested to have a tumor suppressor function. The rs570613 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in intron 4 of GATA3 was previously found to be associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk in the Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility project and in pooled analysis of two case-control studies from Norway and Poland (P (trend) = 0.004), with some evidence for a stronger association with estrogen receptor (ER) negative tumours [Garcia-Closas M et al. (2007) Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16:2269-2275]. We genotyped GATA3 rs570613 in 6,388 cases and 4,995 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) and 5,617 BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). We found no association between this SNP and breast cancer risk in BCAC cases overall (OR(per-allele) = 1.00, 95% CI 0.94-1.05), in ER negative BCAC cases (OR(per-allele) = 1.02, 95% CI 0.91-1.13), in BRCA1 mutation carriers RR(per-allele) = 0.99, 95% CI 0.90-1.09) or BRCA2 mutation carriers (RR(per-allele) = 0.93, 95% CI 0.80-1.07). We conclude that there is no evidence that either GATA3 rs570613, or any variant in strong linkage disequilibrium with it, is associated with breast cancer risk in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon E Johnatty
- Cancer and Cell Biology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, c/o Royal Brisbane Hospital Post Office, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
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Blok MJ, Spruijt L, de Coo IFM, Schoonderwoerd K, Hendrickx A, Smeets HJ. Mutations in the ND5 subunit of complex I of the mitochondrial DNA are a frequent cause of oxidative phosphorylation disease. J Med Genet 2007; 44:e74. [PMID: 17400793 PMCID: PMC2598042 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2006.045716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detection of mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is usually limited to common mutations and the transfer RNA genes. However, mutations in other mtDNA regions can be an important cause of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) disease as well. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether regions in the mtDNA are preferentially mutated in patients with OXPHOS disease. METHODS Screening of the mtDNA for heteroplasmic mutations was performed by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of 116 patients with OXPHOS disease but without the common mtDNA mutations. RESULTS An mtDNA sequence variant was detected in 15 patients, 5 of which were present in the ND5 gene. One sequence variant was new and three were known, one of which was found twice. The novel sequence variant m.13511A-->T occurred in a patient with a Leigh-like syndrome. The known mutation m.13513G-->A, associated with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy lactic acidosis and stroke-like syndrome (MELAS) and MELAS/Leigh/Leber hereditary optic neuropathy overlap syndrome, was found in a relatively low percentage in two patients from two different families, one with a MELAS/Leigh phenotype and one with a MELAS/chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia phenotype. The known mutation m.13042G-->A, detected previously in a patient with a MELAS/myoclonic epilepsy, ragged red fibres phenotype and in a family with a prevalent ocular phenotype, was now found in a patient with a Leigh-like phenotype. The sequence variant m.12622G-->A was reported once in a control database as a polymorphism, but is reported in this paper as heteroplasmic in three brothers, all with infantile encephalopathy (Leigh syndrome) fatal within the first 15 days of life. Therefore, a causal relationship between the presence of this sequence variant and the onset of mitochondrial disease cannot be entirely excluded at this moment. CONCLUSIONS Mutation screening of the ND5 gene is advised for routine diagnostics of patients with OXPHOS disease, especially for those with MELAS- and Leigh-like syndrome with a complex I deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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