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Johnson N, Dudbridge F, Orr N, Gibson L, Jones ME, Schoemaker MJ, Folkerd EJ, Haynes BP, Hopper JL, Southey MC, Dite GS, Apicella C, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, Van't Veer LJ, Atsma F, Muir K, Lophatananon A, Fasching PA, Beckmann MW, Ekici AB, Renner SP, Sawyer E, Tomlinson I, Kerin M, Miller N, Burwinkel B, Marme F, Schneeweiss A, Sohn C, Guénel P, Truong T, Cordina E, Menegaux F, Bojesen SE, Nordestgaard BG, Flyger H, Milne R, Zamora MP, Arias Perez JI, Benitez J, Bernstein L, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Clarke Dur C, Brenner H, Müller H, Arndt V, Dieffenbach AK, Meindl A, Heil J, Bartram CR, Schmutzler RK, Brauch H, Justenhoven C, Ko YD, Nevanlinna H, Muranen TA, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Matsuo K, Dörk T, Bogdanova NV, Antonenkova NN, Lindblom A, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Kosma VM, Hartikainen JM, Chenevix-Trench G, Beesley J, Wu AH, Van den Berg D, Tseng CC, Lambrechts D, Smeets D, Neven P, Wildiers H, Chang-Claude J, Rudolph A, Nickels S, Flesch-Janys D, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Bonanni B, Pensotti V, Couch FJ, Olson JE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Giles GG, Severi G, Baglietto L, Haiman C, Simard J, Goldberg MS, Labrèche F, Dumont M, Soucy P, Teo S, Yip CH, Phuah SY, Cornes BK, Kristensen VN, Grenaker Alnæs G, Børresen-Dale AL, Zheng W, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Grip M, Andrulis IL, Knight JA, Glendon G, Mulligan AM, Devillee P, Figueroa J, Chanock SJ, Lissowska J, Sherman ME, Hall P, Schoof N, Hooning M, Hollestelle A, Oldenburg RA, Tilanus-Linthorst M, Liu J, Cox A, Brock IW, Reed MWR, Cross SS, Blot W, Signorello LB, Pharoah PDP, Dunning AM, Shah M, Kang D, Noh DY, Park SK, Choi JY, Hartman M, Miao H, Lim WY, Tang A, Hamann U, Försti A, Rüdiger T, Ulmer HU, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska-Bieniek K, Durda K, Sangrajrang S, Gaborieau V, Brennan P, McKay J, Slager S, Toland AE, Vachon C, Yannoukakos D, Shen CY, Yu JC, Huang CS, Hou MF, González-Neira A, Tessier DC, Vincent D, Bacot F, Luccarini C, Dennis J, Michailidou K, Bolla MK, Wang J, Easton DF, García-Closas M, Dowsett M, Ashworth A, Swerdlow AJ, Peto J, dos Santos Silva I, Fletcher O. Genetic variation at CYP3A is associated with age at menarche and breast cancer risk: a case-control study. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:R51. [PMID: 24887515 PMCID: PMC4522594 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We have previously shown that a tag single nucleotide polymorphism (rs10235235), which maps to the CYP3A locus (7q22.1), was associated with a reduction in premenopausal urinary estrone glucuronide levels and a modest reduction in risk of breast cancer in women age ≤50 years. METHODS We further investigated the association of rs10235235 with breast cancer risk in a large case control study of 47,346 cases and 47,570 controls from 52 studies participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Genotyping of rs10235235 was conducted using a custom Illumina Infinium array. Stratified analyses were conducted to determine whether this association was modified by age at diagnosis, ethnicity, age at menarche or tumor characteristics. RESULTS We confirmed the association of rs10235235 with breast cancer risk for women of European ancestry but found no evidence that this association differed with age at diagnosis. Heterozygote and homozygote odds ratios (ORs) were OR = 0.98 (95% CI 0.94, 1.01; P = 0.2) and OR = 0.80 (95% CI 0.69, 0.93; P = 0.004), respectively (P(trend) = 0.02). There was no evidence of effect modification by tumor characteristics. rs10235235 was, however, associated with age at menarche in controls (P(trend) = 0.005) but not cases (P(trend) = 0.97). Consequently the association between rs10235235 and breast cancer risk differed according to age at menarche (P(het) = 0.02); the rare allele of rs10235235 was associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk for women who had their menarche age ≥15 years (OR(het) = 0.84, 95% CI 0.75, 0.94; OR(hom) = 0.81, 95% CI 0.51, 1.30; P(trend) = 0.002) but not for those who had their menarche age ≤11 years (OR(het) = 1.06, 95% CI 0.95, 1.19, OR(hom) = 1.07, 95% CI 0.67, 1.72; P(trend) = 0.29). CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge rs10235235 is the first single nucleotide polymorphism to be associated with both breast cancer risk and age at menarche consistent with the well-documented association between later age at menarche and a reduction in breast cancer risk. These associations are likely mediated via an effect on circulating hormone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichola Johnson
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Nick Orr
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
| | - Lorna Gibson
- Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Michael E Jones
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Minouk J Schoemaker
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Elizabeth J Folkerd
- The Academic Department of Biochemistry, The Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK.
| | - Ben P Haynes
- The Academic Department of Biochemistry, The Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK.
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, 1-100 Gratton Street, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Department, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, 1-100 Gratton Street, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Gillian S Dite
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, 1-100 Gratton Street, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Carmel Apicella
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, 1-100 Gratton Street, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Laura J Van't Veer
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Femke Atsma
- Sanquin, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AJ, UK.
| | | | - Peter A Fasching
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Postfach 2306, D-91012, Erlangen, Germany.
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Postfach 2306, D-91012, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen- Nuremberg, Schlossplatz 4, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Stefan P Renner
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Postfach 2306, D-91012, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- Division of Cancer Studies, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Welcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.
- Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, The Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, OX3 7LE, Oxford, UK.
| | - Michael Kerin
- Surgery, Clinical Science Institute, Galway University Hospital and National University of Ireland, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Nicola Miller
- Surgery, Clinical Science Institute, Galway University Hospital and National University of Ireland, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Vosstrasse 9, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Unit Molecular Epidemiology C080, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Frederik Marme
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Vosstrasse 9, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Vosstrasse 9, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christof Sohn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Vosstrasse 9, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, 101 rue de Tolbiac, Villejuif, 75654, Paris, France.
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, 101 rue de Tolbiac, Villejuif, 75654, Paris, France.
| | - Therese Truong
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, 101 rue de Tolbiac, Villejuif, 75654, Paris, France.
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, 101 rue de Tolbiac, Villejuif, 75654, Paris, France.
| | - Emilie Cordina
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, 101 rue de Tolbiac, Villejuif, 75654, Paris, France.
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, 101 rue de Tolbiac, Villejuif, 75654, Paris, France.
| | - Florence Menegaux
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, 101 rue de Tolbiac, Villejuif, 75654, Paris, France.
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, 101 rue de Tolbiac, Villejuif, 75654, Paris, France.
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Rinvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Rinvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Rinvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Rinvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Henrik Flyger
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Rinvej 75, Herlev, 2730, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Roger Milne
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Pilar Zamora
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose Ignacio Arias Perez
- Servicio de Cirugía General y Especialidades, Hospital Monte Naranco, Avda. Dres. Fernández Vega, 107, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Calle de Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Leslie Bernstein
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, 224 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, 92697-7550, USA.
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, 224 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, 92697-7550, USA.
| | - Christina Clarke Dur
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, 2201 Walnut Avenue, Suite 300, Fremont, California, 95438, USA.
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69121, Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69121, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Heiko Müller
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69121, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69121, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Aida Karina Dieffenbach
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69121, Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69121, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Joerg Heil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Vosstrasse 9, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Claus R Bartram
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69121, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Division of Molecular Gyneco-Oncology, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, ZMMK-Forschungsgebäude, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Robert Bosch Stiftung GmbH, Heidehofstrasse 31, 70184, Stuttgart, Germany.
- University of Tübingen, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Christina Justenhoven
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Robert Bosch Stiftung GmbH, Heidehofstrasse 31, 70184, Stuttgart, Germany.
- University of Tübingen, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn GGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, 53113, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 2, P.O. Box 140, FIN-00029, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Taru A Muranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 2, P.O. Box 140, FIN-00029, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, P.O. Box 140, FIN-00029, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, P.O. Box 140, FIN-00029, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8681, Japan.
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Natalia V Bogdanova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Natalia N Antonenkova
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, 223040, p. Lesnoy, Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, 171 77, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Vesa Kataja
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane Queensland, 4006, Australia.
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane Queensland, 4006, Australia.
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - David Van den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Chiu-Chen Tseng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Oude Markt 13 - bus 5005, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Herestraat 49, box 912, Onderwijs & Navorsing 4, Building 404-24, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Dominiek Smeets
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Oude Markt 13 - bus 5005, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Herestraat 49, box 912, Onderwijs & Navorsing 4, Building 404-24, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Patrick Neven
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Nickels
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology/Clinical Cancer Registry, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D - 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
- Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D - 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy.
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.
| | - Valeria Pensotti
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy.
- Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, IFOM-IEO Campus, Via Adamello16, 20139, Milan, Italy.
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Janet E Olson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Zachary Fredericksen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Vernon S Pankratz
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, 1-100 Gratton Street, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, 1-100 Gratton Street, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, 1-100 Gratton Street, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
| | - Chris Haiman
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Oude Markt 13 - bus 5005, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jacques Simard
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, 687 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, Québec, H3A 1A1, Canada.
| | - Mark S Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, 687 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, Québec, H3A 1A1, Canada.
| | - France Labrèche
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health at Work, University of Montréal, Marguerite d'Youville Pavilion, 2375 Côte Ste-Catherine, Suite 4095, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1A8, Canada.
| | - Martine Dumont
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, 2325 Rue de l'Université, Québec City, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Penny Soucy
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, 2325 Rue de l'Université, Québec City, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Soo Teo
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, University of Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre Subang Jaya, 1, Jalan SS 12 / 1A, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Cheng Har Yip
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, University of Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sze Yee Phuah
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, University of Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre Subang Jaya, 1, Jalan SS 12 / 1A, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Belinda K Cornes
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore.
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, N-0310, Oslo, Norway.
- Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), University of Oslo, Sogn Arena, Klaus Torgårds vei 3, 2. etg, 0372, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Grethe Grenaker Alnæs
- Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), University of Oslo, Sogn Arena, Klaus Torgårds vei 3, 2. etg, 0372, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, N-0310, Oslo, Norway.
- Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), University of Oslo, Sogn Arena, Klaus Torgårds vei 3, 2. etg, 0372, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Ave S # T1217, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, 90220, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, 90220, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen
- Department of Oncology, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Kajaanintie 50, 90220, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Mervi Grip
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Kajaanintie 50, 90220, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 982 - 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4386, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Julia A Knight
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 982 - 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada.
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 6th floor, 155 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada.
| | - Gord Glendon
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 982 - 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada.
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2L7, Canada.
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 6th Floor, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- University Health Network, R. Fraser Elliott Building, 1st Floor, 190 Elizabeth St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada.
| | - Peter Devillee
- Department of Human Genetics & Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333, ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Jonine Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center & Institute of Oncology, Roentena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
| | - Nils Schoof
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
| | - Maartje Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Groene Hilledijk 301, Rotterdam, EA, 3075, The Netherlands.
| | - Antoinette Hollestelle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Groene Hilledijk 301, 3075, EA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Rogier A Oldenburg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Groene Hilledijk 301, 3075, EA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Madeleine Tilanus-Linthorst
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Groene Hilledijk 301, 3075, EA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis St, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.
| | - Angie Cox
- Institute for Cancer Studies, Department of Oncology, CRUK/YCR Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Ian W Brock
- Institute for Cancer Studies, Department of Oncology, CRUK/YCR Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Malcolm W R Reed
- Academic Unit of Surgical Oncology, Department of Oncology, CRUK/YCR Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Simon S Cross
- Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - William Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Ave S # T1217, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- International Epidemiology Institute, 1455 Research Blvd, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Lisa B Signorello
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
| | - Mitul Shah
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Yongeon-103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea.
| | - Daehee Kang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Yongeon-103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea.
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Yongeon-103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea.
| | - Sue K Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Yongeon-103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Yongeon-103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Yongeon-103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea.
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Yongeon-103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea.
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E, Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
- National University Health System, 1E, Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, MD3, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
| | - Hui Miao
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Wei Yen Lim
- National University Health System, 1E, Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, MD3, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
| | - Anthony Tang
- Division of General Surgery, National University Health System, 1E, Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Asta Försti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, University of Lund, Paradisgatan 5, SE-221 00, Lund, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Thomas Rüdiger
- Institute of Pathology, Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Moltkestrasse 90, 76133, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Hans Ulrich Ulmer
- Frauenklinik der Stadtklinik Baden-Baden, Balger Strasse 50, 76532, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska-Bieniek
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland.
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland.
| | | | - Valerie Gaborieau
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, CEDEX 08, France.
| | - James McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Susan Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 410 W. 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Celine Vachon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, IRRP, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Aghia Paraskevi Attikis 153 10, Athens, Greece.
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- College of Public Health, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 2 Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Cherng Yu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, No.325, Sec.2 Chenggong Road, Taipei City 114, Neihu District, Taiwan.
| | - Chiun-Sheng Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, No.1, Changde Street, Taipei City, 10048, Zhongzheng District, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
| | - Anna González-Neira
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Daniel C Tessier
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, 740, Dr. Penfield Avenue, Room 7104, Montréal, Québec, H3A 0G1, Canada.
| | - Daniel Vincent
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, 740, Dr. Penfield Avenue, Room 7104, Montréal, Québec, H3A 0G1, Canada.
| | - Francois Bacot
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, 740, Dr. Penfield Avenue, Room 7104, Montréal, Québec, H3A 0G1, Canada.
| | - Craig Luccarini
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
| | - Joe Dennis
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
| | - Jean Wang
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Mitch Dowsett
- The Academic Department of Biochemistry, The Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK.
| | - Alan Ashworth
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
| | - Anthony J Swerdlow
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Julian Peto
- Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Isabel dos Santos Silva
- Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
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Couch FJ, Wang X, McGuffog L, Lee A, Olswold C, Kuchenbaecker KB, Soucy P, Fredericksen Z, Barrowdale D, Dennis J, Gaudet MM, Dicks E, Kosel M, Healey S, Sinilnikova OM, Lee A, Bacot F, Vincent D, Hogervorst FBL, Peock S, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Jakubowska A, Investigators KC, Radice P, Schmutzler RK, Domchek SM, Piedmonte M, Singer CF, Friedman E, Thomassen M, Hansen TVO, Neuhausen SL, Szabo CI, Blanco I, Greene MH, Karlan BY, Garber J, Phelan CM, Weitzel JN, Montagna M, Olah E, Andrulis IL, Godwin AK, Yannoukakos D, Goldgar DE, Caldes T, Nevanlinna H, Osorio A, Terry MB, Daly MB, van Rensburg EJ, Hamann U, Ramus SJ, Ewart Toland A, Caligo MA, Olopade OI, Tung N, Claes K, Beattie MS, Southey MC, Imyanitov EN, Tischkowitz M, Janavicius R, John EM, Kwong A, Diez O, Balmaña J, Barkardottir RB, Arun BK, Rennert G, Teo SH, Ganz PA, Campbell I, van der Hout AH, van Deurzen CHM, Seynaeve C, Gómez Garcia EB, van Leeuwen FE, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Gille JJP, Ausems MGEM, Blok MJ, Ligtenberg MJL, Rookus MA, Devilee P, Verhoef S, van Os TAM, Wijnen JT, Frost D, Ellis S, Fineberg E, Platte R, Evans DG, Izatt L, Eeles RA, Adlard J, Eccles DM, Cook J, Brewer C, Douglas F, Hodgson S, Morrison PJ, Side LE, Donaldson A, Houghton C, Rogers MT, Dorkins H, Eason J, Gregory H, McCann E, Murray A, Calender A, Hardouin A, Berthet P, Delnatte C, Nogues C, Lasset C, Houdayer C, Leroux D, Rouleau E, Prieur F, Damiola F, Sobol H, Coupier I, Venat-Bouvet L, Castera L, Gauthier-Villars M, Léoné M, Pujol P, Mazoyer S, Bignon YJ, Złowocka-Perłowska E, Gronwald J, Lubinski J, Durda K, Jaworska K, Huzarski T, Spurdle AB, Viel A, Peissel B, Bonanni B, Melloni G, Ottini L, Papi L, Varesco L, Tibiletti MG, Peterlongo P, Volorio S, Manoukian S, Pensotti V, Arnold N, Engel C, Deissler H, Gadzicki D, Gehrig A, Kast K, Rhiem K, Meindl A, Niederacher D, Ditsch N, Plendl H, Preisler-Adams S, Engert S, Sutter C, Varon-Mateeva R, Wappenschmidt B, Weber BHF, Arver B, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Loman N, Rosenquist R, Einbeigi Z, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Blank SV, Cohn DE, Rodriguez GC, Small L, Friedlander M, Bae-Jump VL, Fink-Retter A, Rappaport C, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Pfeiler G, Tea MK, Lindor NM, Kaufman B, Shimon Paluch S, Laitman Y, Skytte AB, Gerdes AM, Pedersen IS, Moeller ST, Kruse TA, Jensen UB, Vijai J, Sarrel K, Robson M, Kauff N, Mulligan AM, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Ejlertsen B, Nielsen FC, Jønson L, Andersen MK, Ding YC, Steele L, Foretova L, Teulé A, Lazaro C, Brunet J, Pujana MA, Mai PL, Loud JT, Walsh C, Lester J, Orsulic S, Narod SA, Herzog J, Sand SR, Tognazzo S, Agata S, Vaszko T, Weaver J, Stavropoulou AV, Buys SS, Romero A, de la Hoya M, Aittomäki K, Muranen TA, Duran M, Chung WK, Lasa A, Dorfling CM, Miron A, Benitez J, Senter L, Huo D, Chan SB, Sokolenko AP, Chiquette J, Tihomirova L, Friebel TM, Agnarsson BA, Lu KH, Lejbkowicz F, James PA, Hall P, Dunning AM, Tessier D, Cunningham J, Slager SL, Wang C, Hart S, Stevens K, Simard J, Pastinen T, Pankratz VS, Offit K, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G, Antoniou AC. Genome-wide association study in BRCA1 mutation carriers identifies novel loci associated with breast and ovarian cancer risk. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003212. [PMID: 23544013 PMCID: PMC3609646 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1-associated breast and ovarian cancer risks can be modified by common genetic variants. To identify further cancer risk-modifying loci, we performed a multi-stage GWAS of 11,705 BRCA1 carriers (of whom 5,920 were diagnosed with breast and 1,839 were diagnosed with ovarian cancer), with a further replication in an additional sample of 2,646 BRCA1 carriers. We identified a novel breast cancer risk modifier locus at 1q32 for BRCA1 carriers (rs2290854, P = 2.7 × 10(-8), HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09-1.20). In addition, we identified two novel ovarian cancer risk modifier loci: 17q21.31 (rs17631303, P = 1.4 × 10(-8), HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.17-1.38) and 4q32.3 (rs4691139, P = 3.4 × 10(-8), HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.17-1.38). The 4q32.3 locus was not associated with ovarian cancer risk in the general population or BRCA2 carriers, suggesting a BRCA1-specific association. The 17q21.31 locus was also associated with ovarian cancer risk in 8,211 BRCA2 carriers (P = 2×10(-4)). These loci may lead to an improved understanding of the etiology of breast and ovarian tumors in BRCA1 carriers. Based on the joint distribution of the known BRCA1 breast cancer risk-modifying loci, we estimated that the breast cancer lifetime risks for the 5% of BRCA1 carriers at lowest risk are 28%-50% compared to 81%-100% for the 5% at highest risk. Similarly, based on the known ovarian cancer risk-modifying loci, the 5% of BRCA1 carriers at lowest risk have an estimated lifetime risk of developing ovarian cancer of 28% or lower, whereas the 5% at highest risk will have a risk of 63% or higher. Such differences in risk may have important implications for risk prediction and clinical management for BRCA1 carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Lee
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Curtis Olswold
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Karoline B. Kuchenbaecker
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Penny Soucy
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Québec City, Canada
| | - Zachary Fredericksen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mia M. Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ed Dicks
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Kosel
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Sue Healey
- Genetics Department, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Olga M. Sinilnikova
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon–Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Adam Lee
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (MPET), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - François Bacot
- Centre d'Innovation Génome Québec et Université McGill, Montreal, Canada
| | - Daniel Vincent
- Centre d'Innovation Génome Québec et Université McGill, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Susan Peock
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Institut Curie, Department of Tumour Biology, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, INSERM U830, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - kConFab Investigators
- Kathleen Cuningham Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer–Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Katharina Schmutzler
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - SWE-BRCA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Susan M. Domchek
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Marion Piedmonte
- Gynecologic Oncology Group Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Christian F. Singer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Thomas V. O. Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Csilla I. Szabo
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL–Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark H. Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Judy Garber
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Catherine M. Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey N. Weitzel
- Clinical Cancer Genetics (for the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV–IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, IRRP, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - David E. Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Trinidad Caldes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mary B. Daly
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, California, United States of America
| | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- Divison of Human Cancer Genetics, Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Maria A. Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Olufunmilayo I. Olopade
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mary S. Beattie
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Esther M. John
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, Califoria, United States of America
| | - Ava Kwong
- The Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, Cancer Genetics Center, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Laboratory, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron and Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa B. Barkardottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital and BMC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Banu K. Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Clinical Cancer Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre and University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Patricia A. Ganz
- UCLA Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ian Campbell
- VBCRC Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Carolien H. M. van Deurzen
- Department of Pathology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Seynaeve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Encarna B. Gómez Garcia
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, MUMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Flora E. van Leeuwen
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Johannes J. P. Gille
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marinus J. Blok
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn J. L. Ligtenberg
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Matti A. Rookus
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Senno Verhoef
- Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo A. M. van Os
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juul T. Wijnen
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - HEBON
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - EMBRACE
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Ellis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Fineberg
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Radka Platte
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind A. Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Adlard
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Diana M. Eccles
- University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Douglas
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Shirley Hodgson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J. Morrison
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, and Department of Medical Genetics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy E. Side
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust and Institute for Womens Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Donaldson
- Clinical Genetics Department, St Michael's Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Houghton
- Cheshire and Merseyside Clinical Genetics Service, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mark T. Rogers
- All Wales Medical Genetics Services, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Huw Dorkins
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline Eason
- Nottingham Clinical Genetics Service, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Gregory
- North of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, NHS Grampian and University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Emma McCann
- All Wales Medical Genetics Services, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Rhyl, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Murray
- All Wales Medical Genetics Services, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Alain Calender
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon–Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Catherine Nogues
- Oncogénétique Clinique, Hôpital René Huguenin/Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Christine Lasset
- Unité de Prévention et d'Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5558, Lyon, France
| | - Claude Houdayer
- Institut Curie, Department of Tumour Biology, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Leroux
- Department of Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- Institut Albert Bonniot, Université de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Etienne Rouleau
- Laboratoire d'Oncogénétique, Hôpital René Huguenin, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Fabienne Prieur
- Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de St Etienne, St Etienne, France
| | - Francesca Damiola
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Hagay Sobol
- Département Oncologie Génétique, Prévention et Dépistage, INSERM CIC-P9502, Institut Paoli-Calmettes/Université d'Aix-Marseille II, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Coupier
- Unité d'Oncogénétique, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
- Unité d'Oncogénétique, CRLCC Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Venat-Bouvet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | | | | | - Mélanie Léoné
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon–Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Pascal Pujol
- Unité d'Oncogénétique, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
- INSERM 896, CRCM Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- Département d'Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, Université de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - GEMO Study Collaborators
- National Cancer Genetics Network, UNICANCER Genetic Group, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon and Institut Curie Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Huzarski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Genetics Department, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alessandra Viel
- Division of Experimental Oncology 1, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Melloni
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Papi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Physiopathology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Liliana Varesco
- Unit of Hereditary Cancer, Department of Epidemiology, Prevention and Special Functions, IRCCS AOU San Martino–IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Volorio
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare and Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Pensotti
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare and Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Norbert Arnold
- University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein/University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Andrea Gehrig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kerstin Rhiem
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hansjoerg Plendl
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Engert
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Brita Arver
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Stenmark-Askmalm
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Niklas Loman
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zakaria Einbeigi
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Timothy R. Rebbeck
- Abramson Cancer Center and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Stephanie V. Blank
- NYU Women's Cancer Program, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - David E. Cohn
- Ohio State University, Columbus Cancer Council, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gustavo C. Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, North Shore University Health System, University of Chicago, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Laurie Small
- Maine Medical Center, Maine Women's Surgery and Cancer Centre, Scarborough, Maine, United States of America
| | - Michael Friedlander
- ANZ GOTG Coordinating Centre, Australia New Zealand GOG, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Victoria L. Bae-Jump
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Anneliese Fink-Retter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Rappaport
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daphne Gschwantler-Kaulich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Muy-Kheng Tea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Noralane M. Lindor
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Inge Sokilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Torben A. Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kara Sarrel
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mark Robson
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Noah Kauff
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gord Glendon
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hilmi Ozcelik
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn C. Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Jønson
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette K. Andersen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Linda Steele
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alex Teulé
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL–Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL–Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Brunet
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI–Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Miquel Angel Pujana
- Translational Research Laboratory, Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Unit, IDIBELL–Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Phuong L. Mai
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jennifer T. Loud
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christine Walsh
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Steven A. Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Josef Herzog
- Clinical Cancer Genetics (for the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Sharon R. Sand
- Clinical Cancer Genetics (for the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Silvia Tognazzo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV–IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Simona Agata
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV–IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Tibor Vaszko
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Joellen Weaver
- Biosample Repository, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alexandra V. Stavropoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, IRRP, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - Saundra S. Buys
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Atocha Romero
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taru A. Muranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mercedes Duran
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad de Valladolid (IBGM–UVA), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Adriana Lasa
- Genetics Service, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alexander Miron
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - BCFR
- Breast Cancer Family Registry, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, United States of America
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group and Genotyping Unit, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leigha Senter
- Divison of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dezheng Huo
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Salina B. Chan
- Cancer Risk Program, Helen Diller Family Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | | | - Jocelyne Chiquette
- Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Centre de Recherche FRSQ du Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Tara M. Friebel
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Bjarni A. Agnarsson
- Landspitali University Hospital and University of Iceland School of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Karen H. Lu
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology and Clinical Cancer Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Flavio Lejbkowicz
- Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Paul A. James
- Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Tessier
- Centre d'Innovation Génome Québec et Université McGill, Montreal, Canada
| | - Julie Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Susan L. Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Steven Hart
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kristen Stevens
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jacques Simard
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Québec City, Canada
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Vernon S. Pankratz
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Stevens KN, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Greene MH, Andrulis IL, Thomassen M, Caligo M, Nathanson KL, Jakubowska A, Osorio A, Hamann U, Godwin AK, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Southey M, Buys SS, Singer CF, Hansen TVO, Arason A, Offit K, Piedmonte M, Montagna M, Imyanitov E, Tihomirova L, Sucheston L, Beattie M, Neuhausen SL, Szabo CI, Simard J, Spurdle AB, Healey S, Chen X, Rebbeck TR, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G, Antoniou AC, Couch FJ. Evaluation of chromosome 6p22 as a breast cancer risk modifier locus in a follow-up study of BRCA2 mutation carriers. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012; 136:295-302. [PMID: 23011509 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-012-2255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Several common germline variants identified through genome-wide association studies of breast cancer risk in the general population have recently been shown to be associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutation carriers. When combined, these variants can identify marked differences in the absolute risk of developing breast cancer for mutation carriers, suggesting that additional modifier loci may further enhance individual risk assessment for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Recently, a common variant on 6p22 (rs9393597) was found to be associated with increased breast cancer risk for BRCA2 mutation carriers [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.55, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.25-1.92, p = 6.0 × 10(-5)]. This observation was based on data from GWAS studies in which, despite statistical correction for multiple comparisons, the possibility of false discovery remains a concern. Here, we report on an analysis of this variant in an additional 6,165 BRCA1 and 3,900 BRCA2 mutation carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). In this replication analysis, rs9393597 was not associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR = 1.09, 95 % CI 0.96-1.24, p = 0.18). No association with ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers or with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers was observed. This follow-up study suggests that, contrary to our initial report, this variant is not associated with breast cancer risk among individuals with germline BRCA2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen N Stevens
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Hein R, Maranian M, Hopper JL, Kapuscinski MK, Southey MC, Park DJ, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, Hogervorst FBL, Bueno-de-Mesquit HB, Muir KR, Lophatananon A, Rattanamongkongul S, Puttawibul P, Fasching PA, Hein A, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Fletcher O, Johnson N, dos Santos Silva I, Peto J, Sawyer E, Tomlinson I, Kerin M, Miller N, Marmee F, Schneeweiss A, Sohn C, Burwinkel B, Guénel P, Cordina-Duverger E, Menegaux F, Truong T, Bojesen SE, Nordestgaard BG, Flyger H, Milne RL, Perez JIA, Zamora MP, Benítez J, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Bernstein L, Clarke CA, Brenner H, Müller H, Arndt V, Stegmaier C, Rahman N, Seal S, Turnbull C, Renwick A, Meindl A, Schott S, Bartram CR, Schmutzler RK, Brauch H, Hamann U, Ko YD, Wang-Gohrke S, Dörk T, Schürmann P, Karstens JH, Hillemanns P, Nevanlinna H, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Bogdanova NV, Zalutsky IV, Antonenkova NN, Bermisheva M, Prokovieva D, Farahtdinova A, Khusnutdinova E, Lindblom A, Margolin S, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Kosma VM, Hartikainen J, Chen X, Beesley J, Investigators KC, Lambrechts D, Zhao H, Neven P, Wildiers H, Nickels S, Flesch-Janys D, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Barile M, Couch FJ, Olson JE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Giles GG, Baglietto L, McLean CA, Severi G, Offit K, Robson M, Gaudet MM, Vijai J, Alnæs GG, Kristensen V, Børresen-Dale AL, John EM, Miron A, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Grip M, Andrulis IL, Knight JA, Glendon G, Mulligan AM, Figueroa JD, García-Closas M, Lissowska J, Sherman ME, Hooning M, Martens JWM, Seynaeve C, Collée M, Hall P, Humpreys K, Czene K, Liu J, Cox A, Brock IW, Cross SS, Reed MWR, Ahmed S, Ghoussaini M, Pharoah PDP, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Jakubowska A, Jaworska K, Durda K, Złowocka E, Sangrajrang S, Gaborieau V, Brennan P, McKay J, Shen CY, Yu JC, Hsu HM, Hou MF, Orr N, Schoemaker M, Ashworth A, Swerdlow A, Trentham-Dietz A, Newcomb PA, Titus L, Egan KM, Chenevix-Trench G, Antoniou AC, Humphreys MK, Morrison J, Chang-Claude J, Easton DF, Dunning AM. Comparison of 6q25 breast cancer hits from Asian and European Genome Wide Association Studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). PLoS One 2012; 7:e42380. [PMID: 22879957 PMCID: PMC3413660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The 6q25.1 locus was first identified via a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Chinese women and marked by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2046210, approximately 180 Kb upstream of ESR1. There have been conflicting reports about the association of this locus with breast cancer in Europeans, and a GWAS in Europeans identified a different SNP, tagged here by rs12662670. We examined the associations of both SNPs in up to 61,689 cases and 58,822 controls from forty-four studies collaborating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, of which four studies were of Asian and 39 of European descent. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Case-only analyses were used to compare SNP effects in Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+) versus negative (ER-) tumours. Models including both SNPs were fitted to investigate whether the SNP effects were independent. Both SNPs are significantly associated with breast cancer risk in both ethnic groups. Per-allele ORs are higher in Asian than in European studies [rs2046210: OR (A/G) = 1.36 (95% CI 1.26-1.48), p = 7.6 × 10(-14) in Asians and 1.09 (95% CI 1.07-1.11), p = 6.8 × 10(-18) in Europeans. rs12662670: OR (G/T) = 1.29 (95% CI 1.19-1.41), p = 1.2 × 10(-9) in Asians and 1.12 (95% CI 1.08-1.17), p = 3.8 × 10(-9) in Europeans]. SNP rs2046210 is associated with a significantly greater risk of ER- than ER+ tumours in Europeans [OR (ER-) = 1.20 (95% CI 1.15-1.25), p = 1.8 × 10(-17) versus OR (ER+) = 1.07 (95% CI 1.04-1.1), p = 1.3 × 10(-7), p(heterogeneity) = 5.1 × 10(-6)]. In these Asian studies, by contrast, there is no clear evidence of a differential association by tumour receptor status. Each SNP is associated with risk after adjustment for the other SNP. These results suggest the presence of two variants at 6q25.1 each independently associated with breast cancer risk in Asians and in Europeans. Of these two, the one tagged by rs2046210 is associated with a greater risk of ER- tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hein
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- PMV (Primärmedizinische Versorgung) Research Group at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melanie Maranian
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John L. Hopper
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Miroslaw K. Kapuscinski
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel J. Park
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marjanka K. Schmidt
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frans B. L. Hogervorst
- Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kenneth R. Muir
- Health Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - Artitaya Lophatananon
- Health Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - Suthee Rattanamongkongul
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Srinakhrainwirot University, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
| | - Puttisak Puttawibul
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, Prince Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Alexander Hein
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif B. Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- University Breast Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nichola Johnson
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel dos Santos Silva
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Peto
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- Division of Cancer Studies, National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust in partnership with King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Welcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Kerin
- Clinical Science Institute. University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nicola Miller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederick Marmee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof Sohn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, U1018, CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Villejuif, France
- Unité mixte de recherche 1018, University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Emilie Cordina-Duverger
- Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, U1018, CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Villejuif, France
- Unité mixte de recherche 1018, University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Florence Menegaux
- Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, U1018, CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Villejuif, France
- Unité mixte de recherche 1018, University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Thérèse Truong
- Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, U1018, CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Villejuif, France
- Unité mixte de recherche 1018, University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Børge G. Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Flyger
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Genetic & Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M. Pilar Zamora
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Benítez
- Cancer Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Leslie Bernstein
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Christina A. Clarke
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, United States of America
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Müller
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Nazneen Rahman
- Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila Seal
- Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Turnbull
- Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Renwick
- Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar at the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Schott
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus R. Bartram
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rita K. Schmutzler
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer and Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - The GENICA Network
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Schürmann
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann H. Karstens
- Clinics of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas Heikkinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Natalia V. Bogdanova
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, Clinics of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Iosif V. Zalutsky
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Marina Bermisheva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Darya Prokovieva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Albina Farahtdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Oncology Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Clinics of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Oncology Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vesa Kataja
- Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oncology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaana Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Cancer Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Cancer Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - kConFab Investigators
- Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer [kConFab], Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
| | - AOCS Group
- Australian Ovarian Cancer Study [AOCS], Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center (VRC), Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center (VRC), Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hui Zhao
- Vesalius Research Center (VRC), Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium; Vesalius Research Center (VRC), Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Neven
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Nickels
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology/Clinical Cancer Registry and Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) Di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) Di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Instituto di Recuvero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Barile
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Milan, Italy
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Janet E. Olson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Zachary Fredericksen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catriona A. McLean
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Service, Dept. of Medicine and Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mark Robson
- Clinical Genetics Service, Dept. of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mia M. Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Clinical Genetics Service, Dept. of Medicine and Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Grethe Grenaker Alnæs
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vessela Kristensen
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Esther M. John
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, United States of America
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Alexander Miron
- Deptartment of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Mervi Grip
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia A. Knight
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gord Glendon
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonine D. Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Sections of Epidemiology and Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center & Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mark E. Sherman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maartje Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John W. M. Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Seynaeve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margriet Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Keith Humpreys
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Population Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Angela Cox
- Institute for Cancer Studies, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ian W. Brock
- Institute for Cancer Studies, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Simon S. Cross
- Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm W. R. Reed
- Academic Unit of Surgical Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Shahana Ahmed
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maya Ghoussaini
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul DP. Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keun-Young Yoo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Złowocka
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Valerie Gaborieau
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - James McKay
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Biobank, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Cherng Yu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Ming Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Cancer Center and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Nick Orr
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Minouk Schoemaker
- Section of Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Ashworth
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Section of Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Trentham-Dietz
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Polly A. Newcomb
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Linda Titus
- Department of Community & Family Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth Medical School, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Kathleen M. Egan
- Division of Population Sciences, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Manjeet K. Humphreys
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Morrison
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Ding YC, McGuffog L, Healey S, Friedman E, Laitman Y, Shani-Shimon–Paluch, Kaufman B, Liljegren A, Lindblom A, Olsson H, Kristoffersson U, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Melin B, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska K, Durda K, Gronwald J, Huzarski T, Cybulski C, Byrski T, Osorio A, Cajal TR, Stavropoulou AV, Benítez J, Hamann U, Rookus M, Aalfs CM, de Lange JL, Meijers-Heijboer HE, Oosterwijk JC, van Asperen CJ, García EBG, Hoogerbrugge N, Jager A, van der Luijt RB, Easton DF, Peock S, Frost D, Ellis SD, Platte R, Fineberg E, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Izatt L, Eeles R, Adlard J, Davidson R, Eccles D, Cole T, Cook J, Brewer C, Tischkowitz M, Godwin AK, Pathak H, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Sinilnikova OM, Mazoyer S, Barjhoux L, Léoné M, Gauthier-Villars M, Caux-Moncoutier V, de Pauw A, Hardouin A, Berthet P, Dreyfus H, Ferrer SF, Collonge-Rame MA, Sokolowska J, Buys S, Daly M, Miron A, Terry MB, Chung W, John EM, Southey M, Goldgar D, Singer CF, Maria MKT, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Fink-Retter A, Hansen TVO, Ejlertsen B, Johannsson OT, Offit K, Sarrel K, Gaudet MM, Vijai J, Robson M, Piedmonte MR, Andrews L, Cohn D, DeMars LR, DiSilvestro P, Rodriguez G, Toland AE, Montagna M, Agata S, Imyanitov E, Isaacs C, Janavicius R, Lazaro C, Blanco I, Ramus SJ, Sucheston L, Karlan BY, Gross J, Ganz PA, Beattie MS, Schmutzler RK, Wappenschmidt B, Meindl A, Arnold N, Niederacher D, Preisler-Adams S, Gadzicki D, Varon-Mateeva R, Deissler H, Gehrig A, Sutter C, Kast K, Nevanlinna H, Aittomäki K, Simard J, Spurdle AB, Beesley J, Chen X, Tomlinson GE, Weitzel J, Garber JE, Olopade OI, Rubinstein WS, Tung N, Blum JL, Narod SA, Brummel S, Gillen DL, Lindor N, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Couch FJ, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Greene MH, Loud JT, Mai PL, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Gerdes AM, Thomassen M, Jensen UB, Skytte AB, Caligo MA, Lee A, Chenevix-Trench G, Antoniou AC, Neuhausen SL. A nonsynonymous polymorphism in IRS1 modifies risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers in BRCA1 and ovarian cancer in BRCA2 mutation carriers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:1362-70. [PMID: 22729394 PMCID: PMC3415567 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported significant associations between genetic variants in insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and breast cancer risk in women carrying BRCA1 mutations. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether the IRS1 variants modified ovarian cancer risk and were associated with breast cancer risk in a larger cohort of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. METHODS IRS1 rs1801123, rs1330645, and rs1801278 were genotyped in samples from 36 centers in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Data were analyzed by a retrospective cohort approach modeling the associations with breast and ovarian cancer risks simultaneously. Analyses were stratified by BRCA1 and BRCA2 status and mutation class in BRCA1 carriers. RESULTS Rs1801278 (Gly972Arg) was associated with ovarian cancer risk for both BRCA1 (HR, 1.43; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.92; P = 0.019) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.39-3.52, P = 0.0008). For BRCA1 mutation carriers, the breast cancer risk was higher in carriers with class II mutations than class I mutations (class II HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.28-2.70; class I HR, 0.86; 95%CI, 0.69-1.09; P(difference), 0.0006). Rs13306465 was associated with ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 class II mutation carriers (HR, 2.42; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION The IRS1 Gly972Arg single-nucleotide polymorphism, which affects insulin-like growth factor and insulin signaling, modifies ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 class II mutation carriers. IMPACT These findings may prove useful for risk prediction for breast and ovarian cancers in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan C. Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA. USA
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge Worts Causeway,Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Sue Healey
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Eitan Friedman
- the Oncogenetics unit and the Institute of Oncology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - Yael Laitman
- the Oncogenetics unit and the Institute of Oncology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - Shani-Shimon–Paluch
- the Oncogenetics unit and the Institute of Oncology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - Bella Kaufman
- the Oncogenetics unit and the Institute of Oncology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - SWE-BRCA
- Swedish Breast Cancer Study, Sweden
| | - Annelie Liljegren
- Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Marie Stenmark-Askmalm
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Susan M. Domchek
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Timothy R. Rebbeck
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Huzarski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Byrski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER)
| | | | - Alexandra V Stavropoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, IRRP, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, 15310 Athens Greece
| | - Javier Benítez
- Human Genetics Group and Genotyping Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain and Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER)
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - HEBON
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands
| | - Matti Rookus
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cora M. Aalfs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith L. de Lange
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan C. Oosterwijk
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, Groningen University, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christi J. van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics Leiden University Medical Center Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Encarna B. Gómez García
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, MUMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicoline Hoogerbrugge
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Agnes Jager
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob B. van der Luijt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - EMBRACE
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan Peock
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Steve D. Ellis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Radka Platte
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Fineberg
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Fiona Lalloo
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ros Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, UK
| | - Diana Eccles
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Trevor Cole
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 66160
| | - Harsh Pathak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 66160
| | | | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Institut Curie, Department of Tumour Biology, Paris, France
- Unité INSERM U830, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Olga M. Sinilnikova
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon / Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laure Barjhoux
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mélanie Léoné
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon / Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hélène Dreyfus
- Department of Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- Institut Albert Bonniot, Université de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandra Fert Ferrer
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôtel Dieu Centre Hospitalier, Chambéry, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Collonge-Rame
- Service de Génétique Biologique-Histologie-Biologie du Développement et de la Reproduction, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Johanna Sokolowska
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Nancy Université, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Saundra Buys
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Mary Daly
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alex Miron
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wendy Chung
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Esther M John
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, USA, and Stanford University School of Medicine and Stanford Cancer Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas v. O. Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oskar Th. Johannsson
- Department of Oncology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik Iceland
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Kara Sarrel
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mia M. Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mark Robson
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Marion R Piedmonte
- Gynecologic Oncology Group Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY,USA
| | | | - David Cohn
- Ohio State University/Columbus Cancer Council; Columbus, OH 43026
| | - Leslie R. DeMars
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Gynecologic Oncology, Lebanon, NH 03756
| | | | | | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- Division of Human Cancer Genetics, Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Simona Agata
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Dept. of Molecular and Regenerative medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Santariskiu st 2, LT-08661 Vilnius
- State Research Institute Innovative Medicine Center, Zygimantu st. 9, LT-01102 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, Laboratori de Recerca Translacional, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditari Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Spain
| | - Susan J Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, California, USA
| | - Lara Sucheston
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jenny Gross
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patricia A. Ganz
- UCLA Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention & Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center,Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mary S. Beattie
- University of California, San Francisco, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, USA
| | - Rita K. Schmutzler
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University hospital of Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University hospital of Cologne, Germany
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Dorotehea Gadzicki
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Helmut Deissler
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Germany
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jacques Simard
- Canada Research Chair in Oncogenetics, Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Canada
| | - KConFab Investigators
- Kathleen Cuningham Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer – Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia (kConFab)
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gail E. Tomlinson
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Jeffrey Weitzel
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA. USA
| | - Judy E. Garber
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Wendy S. Rubinstein
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL; University of Chicago Pritzker, School of Medicine,Chicago, IL
| | - Nadine Tung
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Sean Brummel
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel L. Gillen
- Department of Statistics and Department of Epidemiology, University of California- Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | | | | | | | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, USA
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Genetic Susceptibility to Cancer, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Unit of Genetic Susceptibility to Cancer, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Mark H. Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - Jennifer T. Loud
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - Phuong L. Mai
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1×5
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario
| | - Gord Glendon
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1×5
| | - Hilmi Ozcelik
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1×5
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario
| | - OCGN
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1×5
| | | | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Skejby Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Maria A. Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrew Lee
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge Worts Causeway,Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge Worts Causeway,Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA. USA
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6
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Kirchhoff T, Gaudet MM, Antoniou AC, McGuffog L, Humphreys MK, Dunning AM, Bojesen SE, Nordestgaard BG, Flyger H, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Ahn SH, Dork T, Schürmann P, Karstens JH, Hillemanns P, Couch FJ, Olson J, Vachon C, Wang X, Cox A, Brock I, Elliott G, Reed MW, Burwinkel B, Meindl A, Brauch H, Hamann U, Ko YD, Broeks A, Schmidt MK, Van ‘t Veer LJ, Braaf LM, Johnson N, Fletcher O, Gibson L, Peto J, Turnbull C, Seal S, Renwick A, Rahman N, Wu PE, Yu JC, Hsiung CN, Shen CY, Southey MC, Hopper JL, Hammet F, Van Dorpe T, Dieudonne AS, Hatse S, Lambrechts D, Andrulis IL, Bogdanova N, Antonenkova N, Rogov JI, Prokofieva D, Bermisheva M, Khusnutdinova E, van Asperen CJ, Tollenaar RA, Hooning MJ, Devilee P, Margolin S, Lindblom A, Milne RL, Arias JI, Zamora MP, Benítez J, Severi G, Baglietto L, Giles GG, kConFab, Group AOCSS, Spurdle AB, Beesley J, Chen X, Holland H, Healey S, Wang-Gohrke S, Chang-Claude J, Mannermaa A, Kosma VM, Kauppinen J, Kataja V, Agnarsson BA, Caligo MA, Godwin AK, Nevanlinna H, Heikkinen T, Fredericksen Z, Lindor N, Nathanson KL, Domchek SM, SWE-BRCA, Loman N, Karlsson P, Askmalm MS, Melin B, von Wachenfeldt A, HEBON, Hogervorst FBL, Verheus M, Rookus MA, Seynaeve C, Oldenburg RA, Ligtenberg MJ, Ausems MG, Aalfs CM, Gille HJ, Wijnen JT, Gómez García EB, EMBRACE, Peock S, Cook M, Oliver CT, Frost D, Luccarini C, Pichert G, Davidson R, Chu C, Eccles D, Ong KR, Cook J, Douglas F, Hodgson S, Evans DG, Eeles R, Gold B, Pharoah PD, Offit K, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF. Breast cancer risk and 6q22.33: combined results from Breast Cancer Association Consortium and Consortium of Investigators on Modifiers of BRCA1/2. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35706. [PMID: 22768030 PMCID: PMC3387216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, a locus on chromosome 6q22.33 (rs2180341) was reported to be associated with increased breast cancer risk in the Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) population, and this association was also observed in populations of non-AJ European ancestry. In the present study, we performed a large replication analysis of rs2180341 using data from 31,428 invasive breast cancer cases and 34,700 controls collected from 25 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). In addition, we evaluated whether rs2180341 modifies breast cancer risk in 3,361 BRCA1 and 2,020 BRCA2 carriers from 11 centers in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Based on the BCAC data from women of European ancestry, we found evidence for a weak association with breast cancer risk for rs2180341 (per-allele odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06, p = 0.023). There was evidence for heterogeneity in the ORs among studies (I(2) = 49.3%; p = <0.004). In CIMBA, we observed an inverse association with the minor allele of rs2180341 and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers (per-allele OR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.80-1.00, p = 0.048), indicating a potential protective effect of this allele. These data suggest that that 6q22.33 confers a weak effect on breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Kirchhoff
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC): Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America (TK, MG, KO); Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America (TK), American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America (MG)
| | - Mia M. Gaudet
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC): Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America (TK, MG, KO); Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America (TK), American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America (MG)
| | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Studies of Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Cancer Heredity (SEARCH): Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (ACA, LM, MKH, AMD, PDPP, DFE)
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Studies of Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Cancer Heredity (SEARCH): Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (ACA, LM, MKH, AMD, PDPP, DFE)
| | - Manjeet K. Humphreys
- Studies of Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Cancer Heredity (SEARCH): Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (ACA, LM, MKH, AMD, PDPP, DFE)
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Studies of Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Cancer Heredity (SEARCH): Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (ACA, LM, MKH, AMD, PDPP, DFE)
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- The Copenhagen Breast Cancer Study and The Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS): Department of Clinical Biochemistry (SEB, BGN); Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital (HF), Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Børge G. Nordestgaard
- The Copenhagen Breast Cancer Study and The Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS): Department of Clinical Biochemistry (SEB, BGN); Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital (HF), Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Flyger
- The Copenhagen Breast Cancer Study and The Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS): Department of Clinical Biochemistry (SEB, BGN); Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital (HF), Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daehee Kang
- Seoul Breast Cancer Study (SEBCS): Seoul National University College of Medicine and National Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea (DK, KYY, DYN, SHA)
| | - Keun-Young Yoo
- Seoul Breast Cancer Study (SEBCS): Seoul National University College of Medicine and National Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea (DK, KYY, DYN, SHA)
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Seoul Breast Cancer Study (SEBCS): Seoul National University College of Medicine and National Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea (DK, KYY, DYN, SHA)
| | - Sei-Hyun Ahn
- Seoul Breast Cancer Study (SEBCS): Seoul National University College of Medicine and National Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea (DK, KYY, DYN, SHA)
| | - Thilo Dork
- Hannover Breast Cancer Study (HABCS): Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Clinic of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (TD, PS, JHK, PH)
| | - Peter Schürmann
- Hannover Breast Cancer Study (HABCS): Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Clinic of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (TD, PS, JHK, PH)
| | - Johann H. Karstens
- Hannover Breast Cancer Study (HABCS): Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Clinic of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (TD, PS, JHK, PH)
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Hannover Breast Cancer Study (HABCS): Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Clinic of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (TD, PS, JHK, PH)
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Mayo Clinic Breast Cancer Study (MCBCS): Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America (FJC, JO, CV, XW)
- Mayo Clinic Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer Study (MAYO), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America (FJC, ZF, NL)
| | - Janet Olson
- Mayo Clinic Breast Cancer Study (MCBCS): Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America (FJC, JO, CV, XW)
| | - Celine Vachon
- Mayo Clinic Breast Cancer Study (MCBCS): Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America (FJC, JO, CV, XW)
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Mayo Clinic Breast Cancer Study (MCBCS): Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America (FJC, JO, CV, XW)
| | - Angela Cox
- Sheffield Breast Cancer Study (SBCS): Department of Oncology, Sheffield University Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom (AC, IB, GE, MWRR)
| | - Ian Brock
- Sheffield Breast Cancer Study (SBCS): Department of Oncology, Sheffield University Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom (AC, IB, GE, MWRR)
| | - Graeme Elliott
- Sheffield Breast Cancer Study (SBCS): Department of Oncology, Sheffield University Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom (AC, IB, GE, MWRR)
| | - Malcolm W.R. Reed
- Sheffield Breast Cancer Study (SBCS): Department of Oncology, Sheffield University Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom (AC, IB, GE, MWRR)
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- German Consortium for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC-HBOC): Institute of Human Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (BB); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Tumor Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (AM)
| | - Alfons Meindl
- German Consortium for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC-HBOC): Institute of Human Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (BB); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Tumor Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (AM)
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Gene Environment Interaction and Breast Cancer in Germany (GENICA): Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University Tübingen, Stuttgart and Tübingen, Germany (HB, Christina Justenhoven); Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany (UH); Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany (YDK,); Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Hans-Peter Fischer); Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Bochum, Germany (Thomas Brüning, Beate Pesch, Volker Harth, Sylvia Rabstein)
| | - Ute Hamann
- Gene Environment Interaction and Breast Cancer in Germany (GENICA): Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University Tübingen, Stuttgart and Tübingen, Germany (HB, Christina Justenhoven); Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany (UH); Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany (YDK,); Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Hans-Peter Fischer); Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Bochum, Germany (Thomas Brüning, Beate Pesch, Volker Harth, Sylvia Rabstein)
| | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Gene Environment Interaction and Breast Cancer in Germany (GENICA): Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University Tübingen, Stuttgart and Tübingen, Germany (HB, Christina Justenhoven); Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany (UH); Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany (YDK,); Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Hans-Peter Fischer); Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Bochum, Germany (Thomas Brüning, Beate Pesch, Volker Harth, Sylvia Rabstein)
| | - GENICA Network
- Gene Environment Interaction and Breast Cancer in Germany (GENICA): Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University Tübingen, Stuttgart and Tübingen, Germany (HB, Christina Justenhoven); Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany (UH); Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany (YDK,); Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Hans-Peter Fischer); Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Bochum, Germany (Thomas Brüning, Beate Pesch, Volker Harth, Sylvia Rabstein)
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Amsterdam Breast Cancer Study (ABCS): Netherlands Cancer Institute, Departments of Experimental Therapy, Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (AB, MKS, LJVV, LMB)
| | - Marjanka K. Schmidt
- Amsterdam Breast Cancer Study (ABCS): Netherlands Cancer Institute, Departments of Experimental Therapy, Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (AB, MKS, LJVV, LMB)
| | - Laura J. Van ‘t Veer
- Amsterdam Breast Cancer Study (ABCS): Netherlands Cancer Institute, Departments of Experimental Therapy, Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (AB, MKS, LJVV, LMB)
| | - Linde M. Braaf
- Amsterdam Breast Cancer Study (ABCS): Netherlands Cancer Institute, Departments of Experimental Therapy, Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (AB, MKS, LJVV, LMB)
| | - Nichola Johnson
- British Breast Cancer Study (BBCS): Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom (NJ, OF); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom (LG, JP)
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- British Breast Cancer Study (BBCS): Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom (NJ, OF); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom (LG, JP)
| | - Lorna Gibson
- British Breast Cancer Study (BBCS): Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom (NJ, OF); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom (LG, JP)
| | - Julian Peto
- British Breast Cancer Study (BBCS): Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom (NJ, OF); Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom (LG, JP)
| | - Clare Turnbull
- ICR Familial Breast Cancer Study (FBCS): Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom (CT, SS, AR, NR)
| | - Sheila Seal
- ICR Familial Breast Cancer Study (FBCS): Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom (CT, SS, AR, NR)
| | - Anthony Renwick
- ICR Familial Breast Cancer Study (FBCS): Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom (CT, SS, AR, NR)
| | - Nazneen Rahman
- ICR Familial Breast Cancer Study (FBCS): Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom (CT, SS, AR, NR)
| | - Pei-Ei Wu
- Taiwanese Breast Cancer Study (TWBCS): Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CNH, CYS); Taiwan Biobank, Academia Sinica, Taiwan (PEW); Departments of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (JCY)
| | - Jyh-Cherng Yu
- Taiwanese Breast Cancer Study (TWBCS): Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CNH, CYS); Taiwan Biobank, Academia Sinica, Taiwan (PEW); Departments of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (JCY)
| | - Chia-Ni Hsiung
- Taiwanese Breast Cancer Study (TWBCS): Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CNH, CYS); Taiwan Biobank, Academia Sinica, Taiwan (PEW); Departments of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (JCY)
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Taiwanese Breast Cancer Study (TWBCS): Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CNH, CYS); Taiwan Biobank, Academia Sinica, Taiwan (PEW); Departments of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (JCY)
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Australian Breast Cancer Family Study (ABCFS): Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology (MCS, FH), Centre for Molecular Environmental Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology (JLH), The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS): Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia and Centre for Molecular Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia (GGG, MCS, GS, LB)
| | - John L. Hopper
- Australian Breast Cancer Family Study (ABCFS): Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology (MCS, FH), Centre for Molecular Environmental Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology (JLH), The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fleur Hammet
- Australian Breast Cancer Family Study (ABCFS): Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology (MCS, FH), Centre for Molecular Environmental Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology (JLH), The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thijs Van Dorpe
- Leuven Multidisciplinary Breast Centre (LMBC): Katholieke Universiteit Leuven–Multidisciplinary Breast Clinic (TVD, ASD, SH), Vesalius Research Center (DL), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne-Sophie Dieudonne
- Leuven Multidisciplinary Breast Centre (LMBC): Katholieke Universiteit Leuven–Multidisciplinary Breast Clinic (TVD, ASD, SH), Vesalius Research Center (DL), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sigrid Hatse
- Leuven Multidisciplinary Breast Centre (LMBC): Katholieke Universiteit Leuven–Multidisciplinary Breast Clinic (TVD, ASD, SH), Vesalius Research Center (DL), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Leuven Multidisciplinary Breast Centre (LMBC): Katholieke Universiteit Leuven–Multidisciplinary Breast Clinic (TVD, ASD, SH), Vesalius Research Center (DL), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Ontario Familial Breast Cancer Registry (OFBCR): Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Cancer Care Ontario, Ontario, Canada; Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (ILA)
| | - Natalia Bogdanova
- Hannover-Minsk Breast Cancer Study (HMBCS): N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus (NB, NA, JIR)
| | - Natalia Antonenkova
- Hannover-Minsk Breast Cancer Study (HMBCS): N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus (NB, NA, JIR)
| | - Juri I. Rogov
- Hannover-Minsk Breast Cancer Study (HMBCS): N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus (NB, NA, JIR)
| | - Daria Prokofieva
- Hannover-Ufa Breast Cancer Study (HUBCS): Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia (DP, MB, EK)
| | - Marina Bermisheva
- Hannover-Ufa Breast Cancer Study (HUBCS): Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia (DP, MB, EK)
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Hannover-Ufa Breast Cancer Study (HUBCS): Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia (DP, MB, EK)
| | - Christi J. van Asperen
- Leiden University Medical Center Breast Cancer Study (ORIGO): Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (MJH); Departments of Surgical Oncology (RAEMT), Clinical Genetics (CJVA), Human Genetics and Pathology (PD), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar
- Leiden University Medical Center Breast Cancer Study (ORIGO): Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (MJH); Departments of Surgical Oncology (RAEMT), Clinical Genetics (CJVA), Human Genetics and Pathology (PD), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje J. Hooning
- Leiden University Medical Center Breast Cancer Study (ORIGO): Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (MJH); Departments of Surgical Oncology (RAEMT), Clinical Genetics (CJVA), Human Genetics and Pathology (PD), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Devilee
- Leiden University Medical Center Breast Cancer Study (ORIGO): Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (MJH); Departments of Surgical Oncology (RAEMT), Clinical Genetics (CJVA), Human Genetics and Pathology (PD), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Margolin
- Karolinska Breast Cancer Study (KARBAC): Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (AL) and Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden (SM)
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Karolinska Breast Cancer Study (KARBAC): Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (AL) and Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden (SM)
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Spanish National Cancer Center Breast Cancer Study (CNIO-BCS): Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group (RLM) and Human Genetics Group (JB), Spanish National Cancer Centre, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain (JB); Monte Naranco Hospital, Oviedo, Spain (JIA); La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain (MPZ)
| | - José Ignacio Arias
- Spanish National Cancer Center Breast Cancer Study (CNIO-BCS): Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group (RLM) and Human Genetics Group (JB), Spanish National Cancer Centre, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain (JB); Monte Naranco Hospital, Oviedo, Spain (JIA); La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain (MPZ)
| | - M. Pilar Zamora
- Spanish National Cancer Center Breast Cancer Study (CNIO-BCS): Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group (RLM) and Human Genetics Group (JB), Spanish National Cancer Centre, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain (JB); Monte Naranco Hospital, Oviedo, Spain (JIA); La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain (MPZ)
| | - Javier Benítez
- Spanish National Cancer Center Breast Cancer Study (CNIO-BCS): Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group (RLM) and Human Genetics Group (JB), Spanish National Cancer Centre, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain (JB); Monte Naranco Hospital, Oviedo, Spain (JIA); La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain (MPZ)
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS): Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia and Centre for Molecular Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia (GGG, MCS, GS, LB)
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS): Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia and Centre for Molecular Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia (GGG, MCS, GS, LB)
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS): Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia and Centre for Molecular Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia (GGG, MCS, GS, LB)
| | - kConFab
- Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFaB): Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, and the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia (ABS, JB, XC, HH, SH, GCT)
| | - AOCS Study Group
- Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFaB): Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, and the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia (ABS, JB, XC, HH, SH, GCT)
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFaB): Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, and the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia (ABS, JB, XC, HH, SH, GCT)
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFaB): Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, and the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia (ABS, JB, XC, HH, SH, GCT)
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFaB): Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, and the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia (ABS, JB, XC, HH, SH, GCT)
| | - Helene Holland
- Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFaB): Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, and the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia (ABS, JB, XC, HH, SH, GCT)
| | - Sue Healey
- Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFaB): Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, and the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia (ABS, JB, XC, HH, SH, GCT)
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Genetic Epidemiology Study of Breast Cancer by Age 50 (GESBC): Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center [DFKZ], Heidelberg, Germany (JC-C), and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany (SW-G)
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Genetic Epidemiology Study of Breast Cancer by Age 50 (GESBC): Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center [DFKZ], Heidelberg, Germany (JC-C), and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany (SW-G)
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Kuopio Breast Cancer Project (KBCP): Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Eastern Finland, and Kuopio University Hospital, Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio Finland (AM, VMK, JK); Department of Oncology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland, and Department of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (VK)
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- Kuopio Breast Cancer Project (KBCP): Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Eastern Finland, and Kuopio University Hospital, Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio Finland (AM, VMK, JK); Department of Oncology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland, and Department of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (VK)
| | - Jaana Kauppinen
- Kuopio Breast Cancer Project (KBCP): Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Eastern Finland, and Kuopio University Hospital, Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio Finland (AM, VMK, JK); Department of Oncology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland, and Department of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (VK)
| | - Vesa Kataja
- Kuopio Breast Cancer Project (KBCP): Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Eastern Finland, and Kuopio University Hospital, Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio Finland (AM, VMK, JK); Department of Oncology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland, and Department of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (VK)
| | - Bjarni A. Agnarsson
- Iceland Landspitali–University Hospital (ILUH): Department of Pathology, Landspitali-University Hospital and University of Iceland School of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland (BAA)
| | - Maria A. Caligo
- Division of Surgical, Molecular and Ultrastructural Pathology, Department of Oncology University of Pisa and Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy (MAC)
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Fox Chase Cancer Center (FCCC): Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America (AKG)
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Helsinki Breast Cancer Study (HEBCS): Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (HN, TH)
| | - Tuomas Heikkinen
- Helsinki Breast Cancer Study (HEBCS): Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (HN, TH)
| | - Zachary Fredericksen
- Mayo Clinic Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer Study (MAYO), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America (FJC, ZF, NL)
| | - Noralane Lindor
- Mayo Clinic Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer Study (MAYO), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America (FJC, ZF, NL)
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- The University of Pennsylvania (UPENN): Department of Medicine and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America (KLN, SMD)
| | - Susan M. Domchek
- The University of Pennsylvania (UPENN): Department of Medicine and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America (KLN, SMD)
| | - SWE-BRCA
- The Swedish BRCA1 and BRCA2 study collaborators (SWE-BRCA): Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden (NL); Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (PK); Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden (MSA); Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (BM); Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (AVW)
| | - Niklas Loman
- The Swedish BRCA1 and BRCA2 study collaborators (SWE-BRCA): Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden (NL); Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (PK); Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden (MSA); Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (BM); Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (AVW)
| | - Per Karlsson
- The Swedish BRCA1 and BRCA2 study collaborators (SWE-BRCA): Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden (NL); Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (PK); Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden (MSA); Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (BM); Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (AVW)
| | - Marie Stenmark Askmalm
- The Swedish BRCA1 and BRCA2 study collaborators (SWE-BRCA): Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden (NL); Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (PK); Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden (MSA); Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (BM); Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (AVW)
| | - Beatrice Melin
- The Swedish BRCA1 and BRCA2 study collaborators (SWE-BRCA): Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden (NL); Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (PK); Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden (MSA); Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (BM); Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (AVW)
| | - Anna von Wachenfeldt
- The Swedish BRCA1 and BRCA2 study collaborators (SWE-BRCA): Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden (NL); Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden (PK); Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden (MSA); Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (BM); Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (AVW)
| | - HEBON
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - Frans B. L. Hogervorst
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - Martijn Verheus
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - Matti A. Rookus
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - Caroline Seynaeve
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - Rogier A. Oldenburg
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - Marjolijn J. Ligtenberg
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - Margreet G.E.M. Ausems
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - Cora M. Aalfs
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - Hans J.P. Gille
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - Juul T. Wijnen
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - Encarna B. Gómez García
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON): Coordinating Center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (FBLH, MV, MAR); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (CS, RAO); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (JTW); Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (MJL); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (MGA); Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (CMA); Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (HJPG); University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands (EBG)
| | - EMBRACE
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Susan Peock
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Margaret Cook
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Clare T. Oliver
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Debra Frost
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Craig Luccarini
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Gabriella Pichert
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Carol Chu
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Diana Eccles
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Kai-Ren Ong
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Jackie Cook
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Fiona Douglas
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Shirley Hodgson
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Rosalind Eeles
- Epidemiological study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (EMBRACE): Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (SP, MC, CTO, DF, CL); Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (DGE); Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (RE); Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (GP); Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom (RD); Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom (CC); Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (DE); West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom (KRO); Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (JC); Institute of Human Genetics, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom (FD); Clinical Genetics Department, St Georges Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom (SH)
| | - Bert Gold
- National Cancer Institute (NCI): Clinical Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America (BG)
| | - Paul D.P. Pharoah
- Studies of Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Cancer Heredity (SEARCH): Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (ACA, LM, MKH, AMD, PDPP, DFE)
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC): Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America (TK, MG, KO); Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America (TK), American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America (MG)
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFaB): Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, and the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia (ABS, JB, XC, HH, SH, GCT)
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Studies of Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Cancer Heredity (SEARCH): Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (ACA, LM, MKH, AMD, PDPP, DFE)
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Jakubowska A, Rozkrut D, Antoniou A, Hamann U, Scott RJ, McGuffog L, Healy S, Sinilnikova OM, Rennert G, Lejbkowicz F, Flugelman A, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Thomassen M, Paligo M, Aretini P, Kantala J, Aroer B, von Wachenfeldt A, Liljegren A, Loman N, Herbst K, Kristoffersson U, Rosenquist R, Karlsson P, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Melin B, Nathanson KL, Domchek SM, Byrski T, Huzarski T, Gronwald J, Menkiszak J, Cybulski C, Serrano P, Osorio A, Cajal TR, Tsitlaidou M, Benítez J, Gilbert M, Rookus M, Aalfs CM, Kluijt I, Boessenkool-Pape JL, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Oosterwijk JC, van Asperen CJ, Blok MJ, Nelen MR, van den Ouweland AMW, Seynaeve C, van der Luijt RB, Devilee P, Easton DF, Peock S, Frost D, Platte R, Ellis SD, Fineberg E, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Jacobs C, Adlard J, Davidson R, Eccles D, Cole T, Cook J, Godwin A, Bove B, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Caux-Moncoutier V, Belotti M, Tirapo C, Mazoyer S, Barjhoux L, Boutry-Kryza N, Pujol P, Coupier I, Peyrat JP, Vennin P, Muller D, Fricker JP, Venat-Bouvet L, Johannsson OT, Isaacs C, Schmutzler R, Wappenschmidt B, Meindl A, Arnold N, Varon-Mateeva R, Niederacher D, Sutter C, Deissler H, Preisler-Adams S, Simard J, Soucy P, Durocher F, Chenevix-Trench G, Beesley J, Chen X, Rebbeck T, Couch F, Wang X, Lindor N, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Peterlongo P, Bonanni B, Fortuzzi S, Peissel B, Szabo C, Mai PL, Loud JT, Lubinski J. Association of PHB 1630 C>T and MTHFR 677 C>T polymorphisms with breast and ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers: results from a multicenter study. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:2016-24. [PMID: 22669161 PMCID: PMC3388557 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 03/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The variable penetrance of breast cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers suggests that other genetic or environmental factors modify breast cancer risk. Two genes of special interest are prohibitin (PHB) and methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), both of which are important either directly or indirectly in maintaining genomic integrity. METHODS To evaluate the potential role of genetic variants within PHB and MTHFR in breast and ovarian cancer risk, 4102 BRCA1 and 2093 BRCA2 mutation carriers, and 6211 BRCA1 and 2902 BRCA2 carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (CIMBA) were genotyped for the PHB 1630 C>T (rs6917) polymorphism and the MTHFR 677 C>T (rs1801133) polymorphism, respectively. RESULTS There was no evidence of association between the PHB 1630 C>T and MTHFR 677 C>T polymorphisms with either disease for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers when breast and ovarian cancer associations were evaluated separately. Analysis that evaluated associations for breast and ovarian cancer simultaneously showed some evidence that BRCA1 mutation carriers who had the rare homozygote genotype (TT) of the PHB 1630 C>T polymorphism were at increased risk of both breast and ovarian cancer (HR 1.50, 95%CI 1.10-2.04 and HR 2.16, 95%CI 1.24-3.76, respectively). However, there was no evidence of association under a multiplicative model for the effect of each minor allele. CONCLUSION The PHB 1630TT genotype may modify breast and ovarian cancer risks in BRCA1 mutation carriers. This association need to be evaluated in larger series of BRCA1 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
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Lambrechts D, Truong T, Justenhoven C, Humphreys MK, Wang J, Hopper JL, Dite GS, Apicella C, Southey MC, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, Cornelissen S, van Hien R, Sawyer E, Tomlinson I, Kerin M, Miller N, Milne RL, Zamora MP, Pérez JIA, Benítez J, Hamann U, Ko YD, Brüning T, Chang-Claude J, Eilber U, Hein R, Nickels S, Flesch-Janys D, Wang-Gohrke S, John EM, Miron A, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Grip M, Chenevix-Trench G, Beesley J, Chen X, Menegaux F, Cordina-Duverger E, Shen CY, Yu JC, Wu PE, Hou MF, Andrulis IL, Selander T, Glendon G, Mulligan AM, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Muir KR, Lophatananon A, Rattanamongkongul S, Puttawibul P, Jones M, Orr N, Ashworth A, Swerdlow A, Severi G, Baglietto L, Giles G, Southey M, Marmé F, Schneeweiss A, Sohn C, Burwinkel B, Yesilyurt BT, Neven P, Paridaens R, Wildiers H, Brenner H, Müller H, Arndt V, Stegmaier C, Meindl A, Schott S, Bartram CR, Schmutzler RK, Cox A, Brock IW, Elliott G, Cross SS, Fasching PA, Schulz-Wendtland R, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Fletcher O, Johnson N, Silva IDS, Peto J, Nevanlinna H, Muranen TA, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Dörk T, Schürmann P, Bremer M, Hillemanns P, Bogdanova NV, Antonenkova NN, Rogov YI, Karstens JH, Khusnutdinova E, Bermisheva M, Prokofieva D, Gancev S, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska K, Durda K, Nordestgaard BG, Bojesen SE, Lanng C, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Kosma VM, Hartikainen JM, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Bernard L, Couch FJ, Olson JE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Alnaes GG, Kristensen V, Børresen-Dale AL, Devilee P, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve CM, Hooning MJ, García-Closas M, Chanock SJ, Lissowska J, Sherman ME, Hall P, Liu J, Czene K, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Lindblom A, Margolin S, Dunning AM, Pharoah PDP, Easton DF, Guénel P, Brauch H. 11q13 is a susceptibility locus for hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Hum Mutat 2012; 33:1123-32. [PMID: 22461340 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A recent two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified five novel breast cancer susceptibility loci on chromosomes 9, 10, and 11. To provide more reliable estimates of the relative risk associated with these loci and investigate possible heterogeneity by subtype of breast cancer, we genotyped the variants rs2380205, rs1011970, rs704010, rs614367, and rs10995190 in 39 studies from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC), involving 49,608 cases and 48,772 controls of predominantly European ancestry. Four of the variants showed clear evidence of association (P ≤ 3 × 10(-9) ) and weak evidence was observed for rs2380205 (P = 0.06). The strongest evidence was obtained for rs614367, located on 11q13 (per-allele odds ratio 1.21, P = 4 × 10(-39) ). The association for rs614367 was specific to estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease and strongest for ER plus progesterone receptor (PR)-positive breast cancer, whereas the associations for the other three loci did not differ by tumor subtype.
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9
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Stevens KN, Lindstrom S, Scott CG, Thompson D, Sellers TA, Wang X, Wang A, Atkinson E, Rider DN, Eckel-Passow JE, Varghese JS, Audley T, Brown J, Leyland J, Luben RN, Warren RML, Loos RJF, Wareham NJ, Li J, Hall P, Liu J, Eriksson L, Czene K, Olson JE, Pankratz VS, Fredericksen Z, Diasio RB, Lee AM, Heit JA, DeAndrade M, Goode EL, Vierkant RA, Cunningham JM, Armasu SM, Weinshilboum R, Fridley BL, Batzler A, Ingle JN, Boyd NF, Paterson AD, Rommens J, Martin LJ, Hopper JL, Southey MC, Stone J, Apicella C, Kraft P, Hankinson SE, Hazra A, Hunter DJ, Easton DF, Couch FJ, Tamimi RM, Vachon CM. Identification of a novel percent mammographic density locus at 12q24. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:3299-305. [PMID: 22532574 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Percent mammographic density adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI) is one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer and has a heritable component that remains largely unidentified. We performed a three-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) of percent mammographic density to identify novel genetic loci associated with this trait. In stage 1, we combined three GWASs of percent density comprised of 1241 women from studies at the Mayo Clinic and identified the top 48 loci (99 single nucleotide polymorphisms). We attempted replication of these loci in 7018 women from seven additional studies (stage 2). The meta-analysis of stage 1 and 2 data identified a novel locus, rs1265507 on 12q24, associated with percent density, adjusting for age and BMI (P = 4.43 × 10(-8)). We refined the 12q24 locus with 459 additional variants (stage 3) in a combined analysis of all three stages (n = 10 377) and confirmed that rs1265507 has the strongest association in the 12q24 region (P = 1.03 × 10(-8)). Rs1265507 is located between the genes TBX5 and TBX3, which are members of the phylogenetically conserved T-box gene family and encode transcription factors involved in developmental regulation. Understanding the mechanism underlying this association will provide insight into the genetics of breast tissue composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen N Stevens
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Charlton 6-239, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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10
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Ramus SJ, Antoniou AC, Kuchenbaecker KB, Soucy P, Beesley J, Chen X, McGuffog L, Sinilnikova OM, Healey S, Barrowdale D, Lee A, Thomassen M, Gerdes AM, Kruse TA, Jensen UB, Skytte AB, Caligo MA, Liljegren A, Lindblom A, Olsson H, Kristoffersson U, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Melin B, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska K, Durda K, Złowocka E, Gronwald J, Huzarski T, Byrski T, Cybulski C, Toloczko-Grabarek A, Osorio A, Benitez J, Duran M, Tejada MI, Hamann U, Rookus M, van Leeuwen FE, Aalfs CM, Meijers-Heijboer HE, van Asperen CJ, van Roozendaal K, Hoogerbrugge N, Collée JM, Kriege M, van der Luijt RB, Peock S, Frost D, Ellis SD, Platte R, Fineberg E, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Jacobs C, Eeles R, Adlard J, Davidson R, Eccles D, Cole T, Cook J, Paterson J, Douglas F, Brewer C, Hodgson S, Morrison PJ, Walker L, Porteous ME, Kennedy MJ, Pathak H, Godwin AK, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Caux-Moncoutier V, de Pauw A, Gauthier-Villars M, Mazoyer S, Léoné M, Calender A, Lasset C, Bonadona V, Hardouin A, Berthet P, Bignon YJ, Uhrhammer N, Faivre L, Loustalot C, Buys S, Daly M, Miron A, Terry MB, Chung WK, John EM, Southey M, Goldgar D, Singer CF, Tea MK, Pfeiler G, Fink-Retter A, Hansen TVO, Ejlertsen B, Johannsson OT, Offit K, Kirchhoff T, Gaudet MM, Vijai J, Robson M, Piedmonte M, Phillips KA, Van Le L, Hoffman JS, Toland AE, Montagna M, Tognazzo S, Imyanitov E, Isaacs C, Janavicius R, Lazaro C, Blanco I, Tornero E, Navarro M, Moysich KB, Karlan BY, Gross J, Olah E, Vaszko T, Teo SH, Ganz PA, Beattie MS, Dorfling CM, van Rensburg EJ, Diez O, Kwong A, Schmutzler RK, Wappenschmidt B, Engel C, Meindl A, Ditsch N, Arnold N, Heidemann S, Niederacher D, Preisler-Adams S, Gadzicki D, Varon-Mateeva R, Deissler H, Gehrig A, Sutter C, Kast K, Fiebig B, Schäfer D, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Nevanlinna H, Aittomäki K, Plante M, Spurdle AB, Neuhausen SL, Ding YC, Wang X, Lindor N, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Bonanni B, Bernard L, Dolcetti R, Papi L, Ottini L, Radice P, Greene MH, Mai PL, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Pharoah PD, Gayther SA, Simard J, Easton DF, Couch FJ, Chenevix-Trench G. Ovarian cancer susceptibility alleles and risk of ovarian cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Hum Mutat 2012; 33:690-702. [PMID: 22253144 PMCID: PMC3458423 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are associated with increased risks of breast and ovarian cancer. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified six alleles associated with risk of ovarian cancer for women in the general population. We evaluated four of these loci as potential modifiers of ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs10088218 (at 8q24), rs2665390 (at 3q25), rs717852 (at 2q31), and rs9303542 (at 17q21), were genotyped in 12,599 BRCA1 and 7,132 BRCA2 carriers, including 2,678 ovarian cancer cases. Associations were evaluated within a retrospective cohort approach. All four loci were associated with ovarian cancer risk in BRCA2 carriers; rs10088218 per-allele hazard ratio (HR) = 0.81 (95% CI: 0.67-0.98) P-trend = 0.033, rs2665390 HR = 1.48 (95% CI: 1.21-1.83) P-trend = 1.8 × 10(-4), rs717852 HR = 1.25 (95% CI: 1.10-1.42) P-trend = 6.6 × 10(-4), rs9303542 HR = 1.16 (95% CI: 1.02-1.33) P-trend = 0.026. Two loci were associated with ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 carriers; rs10088218 per-allele HR = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.81-0.99) P-trend = 0.029, rs2665390 HR = 1.25 (95% CI: 1.10-1.42) P-trend = 6.1 × 10(-4). The HR estimates for the remaining loci were consistent with odds ratio estimates for the general population. The identification of multiple loci modifying ovarian cancer risk may be useful for counseling women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations regarding their risk of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J. Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, California
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karoline B. Kuchenbaecker
- Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Penny Soucy
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Australia
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Australia
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Olga M. Sinilnikova
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon / Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sue Healey
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Australia
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Lee
- Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clincial Genetics, Rigshospital and Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben A. Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Skejby Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Maria A. Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annelie Liljegren
- Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Marie Stenmark-Askmalm
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | - SWE-BRCA
- Swedish Breast Cancer Study, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susan M. Domchek
- Abramson Cancer Center, and Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- Abramson Cancer Center, and Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Timothy R. Rebbeck
- Abramson Cancer Center, and Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Złowocka
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Huzarski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Byrski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain, and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain, and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Duran
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matti Rookus
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Flora E. van Leeuwen
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Psychosocial Research & Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cora M. Aalfs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Christi J. van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nicoline Hoogerbrugge
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J. Margriet Collée
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mieke Kriege
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob B. van der Luijt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - HEBON
- Hereditary Breast Ovarian Cancer Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - EMBRACE
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Peock
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Steve D. Ellis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Radka Platte
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Fineberg
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Lalloo
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Jacobs
- Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ros Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Adlard
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Eccles
- University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Trevor Cole
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Joan Paterson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Douglas
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Shirley Hodgson
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George’s, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J. Morrison
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, and Department of Medical Genetics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Walker
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mary E. Porteous
- South East of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M. John Kennedy
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Trinity College Dublin and St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Harsh Pathak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Unité INSERM U830, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | | | - Antoine de Pauw
- Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mélanie Léoné
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon / Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Alain Calender
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon / Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Christine Lasset
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5558, Lyon, France
- Unité de Prévention et d’Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5558, Lyon, France
- Unité de Prévention et d’Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, Université d’Auvergne, Auvergne, France
| | - Nancy Uhrhammer
- Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, Université d’Auvergne, Auvergne, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Génétique, CHU Dijon, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | | | - GEMO
- GEMO study: Cancer Genetics Network “Groupe Génétique et Cancer”, Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Saundra Buys
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Mary Daly
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alex Miron
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California
| | - Melissa Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Christian F Singer
- Department of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Austria, Vienna, Austria
| | - Muy-Kheng Tea
- Department of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Austria, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Department of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Austria, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anneliese Fink-Retter
- Department of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Austria, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas v. O. Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oskar Th. Johannsson
- Department of Oncology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Tomas Kirchhoff
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mia M. Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mark Robson
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Marion Piedmonte
- Gynecologic Oncology Group Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Linda Van Le
- Gynecologic Oncology Group, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- Divison of Human Cancer Genetics, Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Tognazzo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Evgeny Imyanitov
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine; State Research Institute Inovative Medicine Center, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditari Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Catalanes, Spain
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditari Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Catalanes, Spain
| | - Eva Tornero
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditari Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Catalanes, Spain
| | - Matilde Navarro
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditari Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Catalanes, Spain
| | - Kirsten B. Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jenny Gross
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Vaszko
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Malaysia and University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Patricia A. Ganz
- UCLA Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention & Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mary S. Beattie
- University of California, San Francisco, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, San Francisco, California
| | - Cecelia M Dorfling
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth J van Rensburg
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Laboratory. Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO); University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ava Kwong
- The Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry; Cancer Genetics Center, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong; Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rita K. Schmutzler
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Simone Heidemann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Dorotehea Gadzicki
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Helmut Deissler
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Würzburg, Wuzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Britta Fiebig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Schäfer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Frankfurt a.M., Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Trinidad Caldes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marie Plante
- Gynaecologic Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec (CHUQ), Côte du Palais, Québec, Canada
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Australia
| | - kConFab
- Kathleen Cuningham Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer–Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Noralane Lindor
- Department of Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - V. Shane Pankratz
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predicted Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Zaffaroni
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Milan, Italy
| | - Loris Bernard
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
- Consortium for Genomics Technology (Cogentech), Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Cancer Bioimmunotherapy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Laura Papi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Clinical Physiopathology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predicted Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Mark H. Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Phuong L. Mai
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1×5, Cancer Care Ontario, Departments of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gord Glendon
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network: Cancer Care Ontario, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hilmi Ozcelik
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1×5, Cancer Care Ontario, Departments of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - OCGN
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network: Cancer Care Ontario, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul D.P. Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon A. Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, California
| | - Jacques Simard
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Australia
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Couch FJ, Gaudet MM, Antoniou AC, Ramus SJ, Kuchenbaecker KB, Soucy P, Beesley J, Chen X, Wang X, Kirchhoff T, McGuffog L, Barrowdale D, Lee A, Healey S, Sinilnikova OM, Andrulis IL, Ozcelik H, Mulligan AM, Thomassen M, Gerdes AM, Jensen UB, Skytte AB, Kruse TA, Caligo MA, von Wachenfeldt A, Barbany-Bustinza G, Loman N, Soller M, Ehrencrona H, Karlsson P, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Domchek SM, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska K, Durda K, Zlowocka E, Huzarski T, Byrski T, Gronwald J, Cybulski C, Górski B, Osorio A, Durán M, Tejada MI, Benitez J, Hamann U, Hogervorst FBL, van Os TA, van Leeuwen FE, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Wijnen J, Blok MJ, Kets M, Hooning MJ, Oldenburg RA, Ausems MGEM, Peock S, Frost D, Ellis SD, Platte R, Fineberg E, Evans DG, Jacobs C, Eeles RA, Adlard J, Davidson R, Eccles DM, Cole T, Cook J, Paterson J, Brewer C, Douglas F, Hodgson SV, Morrison PJ, Walker L, Porteous ME, Kennedy MJ, Side LE, Bove B, Godwin AK, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Fassy-Colcombet M, Castera L, Cornelis F, Mazoyer S, Léoné M, Boutry-Kryza N, Bressac-de Paillerets B, Caron O, Pujol P, Coupier I, Delnatte C, Akloul L, Lynch HT, Snyder CL, Buys SS, Daly MB, Terry M, Chung WK, John EM, Miron A, Southey MC, Hopper JL, Goldgar DE, Singer CF, Rappaport C, Tea MKM, Fink-Retter A, Hansen TVO, Nielsen FC, Arason A, Vijai J, Shah S, Sarrel K, Robson ME, Piedmonte M, Phillips K, Basil J, Rubinstein WS, Boggess J, Wakeley K, Ewart-Toland A, Montagna M, Agata S, Imyanitov EN, Isaacs C, Janavicius R, Lazaro C, Blanco I, Feliubadalo L, Brunet J, Gayther SA, Pharoah PPD, Odunsi KO, Karlan BY, Walsh CS, Olah E, Teo SH, Ganz PA, Beattie MS, van Rensburg EJ, Dorfling CM, Diez O, Kwong A, Schmutzler RK, Wappenschmidt B, Engel C, Meindl A, Ditsch N, Arnold N, Heidemann S, Niederacher D, Preisler-Adams S, Gadzicki D, Varon-Mateeva R, Deissler H, Gehrig A, Sutter C, Kast K, Fiebig B, Heinritz W, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Muranen TA, Nevanlinna H, Tischkowitz MD, Spurdle AB, Neuhausen SL, Ding YC, Lindor NM, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Barile M, Bernard L, Viel A, Giannini G, Varesco L, Radice P, Greene MH, Mai PL, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G, Offit K, Simard J. Common variants at the 19p13.1 and ZNF365 loci are associated with ER subtypes of breast cancer and ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:645-57. [PMID: 22351618 PMCID: PMC3319317 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified variants at 19p13.1 and ZNF365 (10q21.2) as risk factors for breast cancer among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, respectively. We explored associations with ovarian cancer and with breast cancer by tumor histopathology for these variants in mutation carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). METHODS Genotyping data for 12,599 BRCA1 and 7,132 BRCA2 mutation carriers from 40 studies were combined. RESULTS We confirmed associations between rs8170 at 19p13.1 and breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers [HR, 1.17; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-1.27; P = 7.42 × 10(-4)] and between rs16917302 at ZNF365 (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73-0.97; P = 0.017) but not rs311499 at 20q13.3 (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.94-1.31; P = 0.22) and breast cancer risk for BRCA2 mutation carriers. Analyses based on tumor histopathology showed that 19p13 variants were predominantly associated with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, whereas rs16917302 at ZNF365 was mainly associated with ER-positive breast cancer for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. We also found for the first time that rs67397200 at 19p13.1 was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer for BRCA1 (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05-1.29; P = 3.8 × 10(-4)) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10-1.52; P = 1.8 × 10(-3)). CONCLUSIONS 19p13.1 and ZNF365 are susceptibility loci for ovarian cancer and ER subtypes of breast cancer among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. IMPACT These findings can lead to an improved understanding of tumor development and may prove useful for breast and ovarian cancer risk prediction for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fergus J Couch
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Antoniou AC, Kuchenbaecker KB, Soucy P, Beesley J, Chen X, McGuffog L, Lee A, Barrowdale D, Healey S, Sinilnikova OM, Caligo MA, Loman N, Harbst K, Lindblom A, Arver B, Rosenquist R, Karlsson P, Nathanson K, Domchek S, Rebbeck T, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska K, Durda K, Złowowcka-Perłowska E, Osorio A, Durán M, Andrés R, Benítez J, Hamann U, Hogervorst FB, van Os TA, Verhoef S, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Wijnen J, Gómez Garcia EB, Ligtenberg MJ, Kriege M, Collée JM, Ausems MGEM, Oosterwijk JC, Peock S, Frost D, Ellis SD, Platte R, Fineberg E, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Jacobs C, Eeles R, Adlard J, Davidson R, Cole T, Cook J, Paterson J, Douglas F, Brewer C, Hodgson S, Morrison PJ, Walker L, Rogers MT, Donaldson A, Dorkins H, Godwin AK, Bove B, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Houdayer C, Buecher B, de Pauw A, Mazoyer S, Calender A, Léoné M, Bressac- de Paillerets B, Caron O, Sobol H, Frenay M, Prieur F, Ferrer SF, Mortemousque I, Buys S, Daly M, Miron A, Terry MB, Hopper JL, John EM, Southey M, Goldgar D, Singer CF, Fink-Retter A, Tea MK, Kaulich DG, Hansen TVO, Nielsen FC, Barkardottir RB, Gaudet M, Kirchhoff T, Joseph V, Dutra-Clarke A, Offit K, Piedmonte M, Kirk J, Cohn D, Hurteau J, Byron J, Fiorica J, Toland AE, Montagna M, Oliani C, Imyanitov E, Isaacs C, Tihomirova L, Blanco I, Lazaro C, Teulé A, Valle JD, Gayther SA, Odunsi K, Gross J, Karlan BY, Olah E, Teo SH, Ganz PA, Beattie MS, Dorfling CM, van Rensburg EJ, Diez O, Kwong A, Schmutzler RK, Wappenschmidt B, Engel C, Meindl A, Ditsch N, Arnold N, Heidemann S, Niederacher D, Preisler-Adams S, Gadzicki D, Varon-Mateeva R, Deissler H, Gehrig A, Sutter C, Kast K, Fiebig B, Schäfer D, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Nevanlinna H, Muranen TA, Lespérance B, Spurdle AB, Neuhausen SL, Ding YC, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Lindor NM, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Bonanni B, Bernard L, Dolcetti R, Papi L, Ottini L, Radice P, Greene MH, Loud JT, Andrulis IL, Ozcelik H, Mulligan AM, Glendon G, Thomassen M, Gerdes AM, Jensen UB, Skytte AB, Kruse TA, Chenevix-Trench G, Couch FJ, Simard J, Easton DF. Common variants at 12p11, 12q24, 9p21, 9q31.2 and in ZNF365 are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutation carriers. Breast Cancer Res 2012; 14:R33. [PMID: 22348646 PMCID: PMC3496151 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several common alleles have been shown to be associated with breast and/or ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Recent genome-wide association studies of breast cancer have identified eight additional breast cancer susceptibility loci: rs1011970 (9p21, CDKN2A/B), rs10995190 (ZNF365), rs704010 (ZMIZ1), rs2380205 (10p15), rs614367 (11q13), rs1292011 (12q24), rs10771399 (12p11 near PTHLH) and rs865686 (9q31.2). METHODS To evaluate whether these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers, we genotyped these SNPs in 12,599 BRCA1 and 7,132 BRCA2 mutation carriers and analysed the associations with breast cancer risk within a retrospective likelihood framework. RESULTS Only SNP rs10771399 near PTHLH was associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers (per-allele hazard ratio (HR) = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81 to 0.94, P-trend = 3 × 10-4). The association was restricted to mutations proven or predicted to lead to absence of protein expression (HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.90, P-trend = 3.1 × 10-5, P-difference = 0.03). Four SNPs were associated with the risk of breast cancer for BRCA2 mutation carriers: rs10995190, P-trend = 0.015; rs1011970, P-trend = 0.048; rs865686, 2df-P = 0.007; rs1292011 2df-P = 0.03. rs10771399 (PTHLH) was predominantly associated with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer for BRCA1 mutation carriers (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.90, P-trend = 4 × 10-5) and there was marginal evidence of association with ER-negative breast cancer for BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.00, P-trend = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS The present findings, in combination with previously identified modifiers of risk, will ultimately lead to more accurate risk prediction and an improved understanding of the disease etiology in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Karoline B Kuchenbaecker
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Penny Soucy
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, T3-57, Quebec City, QC Canada
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Andrew Lee
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Sue Healey
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Olga M Sinilnikova
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon/Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon 69373, France and INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon 69373, France
| | - Maria A Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, Via Roma 57, 56125 Pisa, Italy
| | - Niklas Loman
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Katja Harbst
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brita Arver
- Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kate Nathanson
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan Domchek
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tim Rebbeck
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin and Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain and Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER)
| | - Mercedes Durán
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics. Universidad de Valladolid (IBGM-UVA), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raquel Andrés
- Oncology unit. Hospital clinico Universitario "Lozano Blesa", Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Benítez
- Human Genetics Group and Genotyping Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain and Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER)
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frans B Hogervorst
- Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo A van Os
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Meical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Senno Verhoef
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Juul Wijnen
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROM, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, MUMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Encarna B Gómez Garcia
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROM, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, MUMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn J Ligtenberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mieke Kriege
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Margriet Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet GEM Ausems
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85090, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C Oosterwijk
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, Groningen University, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Peock
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Steve D Ellis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Radka Platte
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Elena Fineberg
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Fiona Lalloo
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Chris Jacobs
- Clinical Genetics, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ros Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, UK
| | - Trevor Cole
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Joan Paterson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fiona Douglas
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Shirley Hodgson
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George's, University of London, UK
| | - Patrick J Morrison
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, and Department of Medical Genetics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast UK
| | - Lisa Walker
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark T Rogers
- All Wales Medical Genetics Services, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alan Donaldson
- Clinical Genetics Department, St Michael's Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Huw Dorkins
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, Harrow, UK
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Betsy Bove
- Clinical Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, Paris, France, Unité INSERM U830, Institut Curie, Paris, France, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Claude Houdayer
- Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, Paris, France and Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Buecher
- Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris, France
| | - Antoine de Pauw
- Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alain Calender
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon/Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Mélanie Léoné
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon/Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Brigitte Bressac- de Paillerets
- Service de Génétique, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France and INSERM U946, Fondation Jean Dausset, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Caron
- Consultation de Génétique, Département de Médecine, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Hagay Sobol
- Département Oncologie génétique, Prévention et Dépistage, INSERM CIC-P9502, Institut Paoli-Calmettes/Université d'Aix-Marseille II, Marseille, France
| | | | - Fabienne Prieur
- Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de St Etienne, St Etienne, France
| | - Sandra Fert Ferrer
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôtel Dieu Centre Hospitalier, BP 1125 Chambéry, France
| | | | - Saundra Buys
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Mary Daly
- Division of Population Science, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Alexander Miron
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 27 Drydock Avenue, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic (MEGA) Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, 2201 Walnut Avenue, Suite 300, Fremont, CA 94538, USA
| | - Melissa Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, SOM 4B454, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Christian F Singer
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anneliese Fink-Retter
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Muy-Kheng Tea
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Thomas VO Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn C Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rosa B Barkardottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali - University Hospital, Reykjavik Iceland and Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Mia Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tomas Kirchhoff
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vijai Joseph
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ana Dutra-Clarke
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marion Piedmonte
- Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Judy Kirk
- Australia New Zealand (ANZGOG), Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Cohn
- Ohio State University, Columbus Cancer Council, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jean Hurteau
- Evanston CCOP - NorthShore University Health System; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John Byron
- Southern Pines Women's Health Center, P.C., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James Fiorica
- Sarasota Memorial Healthcare, Tufts Medical Center, Sarasota, Florida, USA
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics and Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Evgeny Imyanitov
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Ignacio Blanco
- Genetic Counselling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Teulé
- Genetic Counselling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Del Valle
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jenny Gross
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Malaysia and University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Patricia A Ganz
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mary S Beattie
- UCSF Cancer Risk Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA; UCSF Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, Sand Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cecelia M Dorfling
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Laboratory. Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital. Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ava Kwong
- The Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry; The Universtiy of Hong Kong; Cancer Genetics Center, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumour Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Simone Heidemann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Dorothea Gadzicki
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Helmut Deissler
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Sutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Kast
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University. Dresden, Germany
| | - Britta Fiebig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Regensburg, Regensbirg. Germany
| | - Dieter Schäfer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Frankfurt a.M., Germany Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Trinidad Caldes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Martin Lagos s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Martin Lagos s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, P.O. BOX 700, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taru A Muranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, P.O. BOX 700, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bernard Lespérance
- Faculty of Medicine - Medicine and Medical Specialties, Université de Montréal Hemato-oncology service, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, 5400 Gouin Blvd West Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Yuan C Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Noralane M Lindor
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predicted Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumouri (INT), Milan, Italy and IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumouri (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumouri (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Zaffaroni
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumouri (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Milan Italy
| | - Loris Bernard
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy and Consortium for Genomics Technology (Cogentech), Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Cancer Bioimmunotherapy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Laura Papi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Clinical Physiopathology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predicted Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumouri (INT), Milan, Italy and IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, DCEG, NCI; Room EPS 7032, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Jennifer T Loud
- Clinical Genetics Branch, DCEG, NCI; Room EPS 7032, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON; Cancer Care Ontario, Departments of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hilmi Ozcelik
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gord Glendon
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network: Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clincial Genetics, Rigshospital and Copenhagen University, Denmark
| | - Uffe B Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Skejby Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Torben A Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jacques Simard
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, T3-57, Quebec City and Canada Research Chair in Oncogenetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, QC, Canada
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
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Stevens KN, Fredericksen Z, Vachon CM, Wang X, Margolin S, Lindblom A, Nevanlinna H, Greco D, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Chang-Claude J, Vrieling A, Flesch-Janys D, Sinn HP, Wang-Gohrke S, Nickels S, Brauch H, Ko YD, Fischer HP, Schmutzler RK, Meindl A, Bartram CR, Schott S, Engel C, Godwin AK, Weaver J, Pathak HB, Sharma P, Brenner H, Müller H, Arndt V, Stegmaier C, Miron P, Yannoukakos D, Stavropoulou A, Fountzilas G, Gogas HJ, Swann R, Dwek M, Perkins A, Milne RL, Benítez J, Zamora MP, Pérez JIA, Bojesen SE, Nielsen SF, Nordestgaard BG, Flyger H, Guénel P, Truong T, Menegaux F, Cordina-Duverger E, Burwinkel B, Marmé F, Schneeweiss A, Sohn C, Sawyer E, Tomlinson I, Kerin MJ, Peto J, Johnson N, Fletcher O, Dos Santos Silva I, Fasching PA, Beckmann MW, Hartmann A, Ekici AB, Lophatananon A, Muir K, Puttawibul P, Wiangnon S, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, Braaf LM, Rosenberg EH, Hopper JL, Apicella C, Park DJ, Southey MC, Swerdlow AJ, Ashworth A, Orr N, Schoemaker MJ, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Bernstein L, Dur CC, Shen CY, Yu JC, Hsu HM, Hsiung CN, Hamann U, Dünnebier T, Rüdiger T, Ulmer HU, Pharoah PP, Dunning AM, Humphreys MK, Wang Q, Cox A, Cross SS, Reed MW, Hall P, Czene K, Ambrosone CB, Ademuyiwa F, Hwang H, Eccles DM, Garcia-Closas M, Figueroa JD, Sherman ME, Lissowska J, Devilee P, Seynaeve C, Tollenaar RAEM, Hooning MJ, Andrulis IL, Knight JA, Glendon G, Mulligan AM, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Grip M, John EM, Miron A, Alnæs GG, Kristensen V, Børresen-Dale AL, Giles GG, Baglietto L, McLean CA, Severi G, Kosel ML, Pankratz VS, Slager S, Olson JE, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Barile M, Lambrechts D, Hatse S, Dieudonne AS, Christiaens MR, Chenevix-Trench G, Beesley J, Chen X, Mannermaa A, Kosma VM, Hartikainen JM, Soini Y, Easton DF, Couch FJ. 19p13.1 is a triple-negative-specific breast cancer susceptibility locus. Cancer Res 2012; 72:1795-803. [PMID: 22331459 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-3364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The 19p13.1 breast cancer susceptibility locus is a modifier of breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers and is also associated with the risk of ovarian cancer. Here, we investigated 19p13.1 variation and risk of breast cancer subtypes, defined by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status, using 48,869 breast cancer cases and 49,787 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). Variants from 19p13.1 were not associated with breast cancer overall or with ER-positive breast cancer but were significantly associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk [rs8170 OR, 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-1.15; P = 3.49 × 10(-5)] and triple-negative (ER-, PR-, and HER2-negative) breast cancer (rs8170: OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.13-1.31; P = 2.22 × 10(-7)). However, rs8170 was no longer associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk when triple-negative cases were excluded (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.89-1.07; P = 0.62). In addition, a combined analysis of triple-negative cases from BCAC and the Triple Negative Breast Cancer Consortium (TNBCC; N = 3,566) identified a genome-wide significant association between rs8170 and triple-negative breast cancer risk (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.18-1.33; P = 3.31 × 10(-13)]. Thus, 19p13.1 is the first triple-negative-specific breast cancer risk locus and the first locus specific to a histologic subtype defined by ER, PR, and HER2 to be identified. These findings provide convincing evidence that genetic susceptibility to breast cancer varies by tumor subtype and that triple-negative tumors and other subtypes likely arise through distinct etiologic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen N Stevens
- Departments of Health Sciences Research and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Stevens KN, Kelemen LE, Wang X, Fridley BL, Vierkant RA, Fredericksen Z, Armasu SM, Tsai YY, Berchuck A, Narod SA, Phelan CM, Sutphen R, Birrer MJ, Schildkraut JM, Sellers TA, Goode EL, Couch FJ. Common variation in Nemo-like kinase is associated with risk of ovarian cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:523-8. [PMID: 22253297 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of mitotic kinases has been associated with prognosis, histologic grade, and clinical stage in ovarian cancer, but the relationship between inherited variation in these genes and ovarian cancer risk has not been well defined. METHODS We measured associations between 397 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 67 mitotic kinases and invasive epithelial ovarian cancer risk in two case-control studies (n = 671 cases; n = 939 controls). Thirty-six candidate SNPs (P < 0.05) were assessed in a replication analysis consisting of three additional studies (n = 1,094 cases; n = 829 controls). RESULTS In initial analysis, thirty-six SNPs were suggestive of association with risk of serous ovarian cancer, all subtypes of ovarian cancer, or both (P < 0.05). Replication analyses suggested an association between rs2125846 in the Nemo-like kinase (NLK) gene and ovarian cancer (serous OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.11-1.67, P = 1.77 × 10(-3); all subtypes OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.08-1.56, P = 2.97 × 10(-3)). Furthermore, rs2125846 was associated with risk in the combined discovery and replication sets (serous OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.15-1.54; all subtypes OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.12-1.45). CONCLUSIONS Variation in NLK may be associated with risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm and understand the biologic relationship between this mitotic kinase and ovarian cancer risk. IMPACT An association between SNPs in NLK and ovarian cancer may provide biologic insight into the development of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen N Stevens
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Mavaddat N, Barrowdale D, Andrulis IL, Domchek SM, Eccles D, Nevanlinna H, Ramus SJ, Spurdle A, Robson M, Sherman M, Mulligan AM, Couch FJ, Engel C, McGuffog L, Healey S, Sinilnikova OM, Southey MC, Terry MB, Goldgar D, O'Malley F, John EM, Janavicius R, Tihomirova L, Hansen TVO, Nielsen FC, Osorio A, Stavropoulou A, Benítez J, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Barile M, Volorio S, Pasini B, Dolcetti R, Putignano AL, Ottini L, Radice P, Hamann U, Rashid MU, Hogervorst FB, Kriege M, van der Luijt RB, Peock S, Frost D, Evans DG, Brewer C, Walker L, Rogers MT, Side LE, Houghton C, Weaver J, Godwin AK, Schmutzler RK, Wappenschmidt B, Meindl A, Kast K, Arnold N, Niederacher D, Sutter C, Deissler H, Gadzicki D, Preisler-Adams S, Varon-Mateeva R, Schönbuchner I, Gevensleben H, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Belotti M, Barjhoux L, Isaacs C, Peshkin BN, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Cañadas C, Heikkinen T, Heikkilä P, Aittomäki K, Blanco I, Lazaro C, Brunet J, Agnarsson BA, Arason A, Barkardottir RB, Dumont M, Simard J, Montagna M, Agata S, D'Andrea E, Yan M, Fox S, Rebbeck TR, Rubinstein W, Tung N, Garber JE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Lindor NM, Szabo C, Offit K, Sakr R, Gaudet MM, Singer CF, Tea MK, Rappaport C, Mai PL, Greene MH, Sokolenko A, Imyanitov E, Toland AE, Senter L, Sweet K, Thomassen M, Gerdes AM, Kruse T, Caligo M, Aretini P, Rantala J, von Wachenfeld A, Henriksson K, Steele L, Neuhausen SL, Nussbaum R, Beattie M, Odunsi K, Sucheston L, Gayther SA, Nathanson K, Gross J, Walsh C, Karlan B, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF, Antoniou AC. Pathology of breast and ovarian cancers among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: results from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:134-47. [PMID: 22144499 PMCID: PMC3272407 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 437] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, small studies have found that BRCA1 and BRCA2 breast tumors differ in their pathology. Analysis of larger datasets of mutation carriers should allow further tumor characterization. METHODS We used data from 4,325 BRCA1 and 2,568 BRCA2 mutation carriers to analyze the pathology of invasive breast, ovarian, and contralateral breast cancers. RESULTS There was strong evidence that the proportion of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast tumors decreased with age at diagnosis among BRCA1 (P-trend = 1.2 × 10(-5)), but increased with age at diagnosis among BRCA2, carriers (P-trend = 6.8 × 10(-6)). The proportion of triple-negative tumors decreased with age at diagnosis in BRCA1 carriers but increased with age at diagnosis of BRCA2 carriers. In both BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers, ER-negative tumors were of higher histologic grade than ER-positive tumors (grade 3 vs. grade 1; P = 1.2 × 10(-13) for BRCA1 and P = 0.001 for BRCA2). ER and progesterone receptor (PR) expression were independently associated with mutation carrier status [ER-positive odds ratio (OR) for BRCA2 = 9.4, 95% CI: 7.0-12.6 and PR-positive OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.3-2.3, under joint analysis]. Lobular tumors were more likely to be BRCA2-related (OR for BRCA2 = 3.3, 95% CI: 2.4-4.4; P = 4.4 × 10(-14)), and medullary tumors BRCA1-related (OR for BRCA2 = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.18-0.35; P = 2.3 × 10(-15)). ER-status of the first breast cancer was predictive of ER-status of asynchronous contralateral breast cancer (P = 0.0004 for BRCA1; P = 0.002 for BRCA2). There were no significant differences in ovarian cancer morphology between BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers (serous: 67%; mucinous: 1%; endometrioid: 12%; clear-cell: 2%). CONCLUSIONS/IMPACT: Pathologic characteristics of BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumors may be useful for improving risk-prediction algorithms and informing clinical strategies for screening and prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Mavaddat
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Mulligan AM, Couch FJ, Barrowdale D, Domchek SM, Eccles D, Nevanlinna H, Ramus SJ, Robson M, Sherman M, Spurdle AB, Wappenschmidt B, Lee A, McGuffog L, Healey S, Sinilnikova OM, Janavicius R, Hansen TVO, Nielsen FC, Ejlertsen B, Osorio A, Muñoz-Repeto I, Durán M, Godino J, Pertesi M, Benítez J, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Cattaneo E, Bonanni B, Viel A, Pasini B, Papi L, Ottini L, Savarese A, Bernard L, Radice P, Hamann U, Verheus M, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Wijnen J, Gómez García EB, Nelen MR, Kets CM, Seynaeve C, Tilanus-Linthorst MMA, van der Luijt RB, van Os T, Rookus M, Frost D, Jones JL, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Izatt L, Adlard J, Davidson R, Cook J, Donaldson A, Dorkins H, Gregory H, Eason J, Houghton C, Barwell J, Side LE, McCann E, Murray A, Peock S, Godwin AK, Schmutzler RK, Rhiem K, Engel C, Meindl A, Ruehl I, Arnold N, Niederacher D, Sutter C, Deissler H, Gadzicki D, Kast K, Preisler-Adams S, Varon-Mateeva R, Schoenbuchner I, Fiebig B, Heinritz W, Schäfer D, Gevensleben H, Caux-Moncoutier V, Fassy-Colcombet M, Cornelis F, Mazoyer S, Léoné M, Boutry-Kryza N, Hardouin A, Berthet P, Muller D, Fricker JP, Mortemousque I, Pujol P, Coupier I, Lebrun M, Kientz C, Longy M, Sevenet N, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Isaacs C, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Blanco I, Lazaro C, Barkardottir RB, Soucy P, Dumont M, Simard J, Montagna M, Tognazzo S, D'Andrea E, Fox S, Yan M, Rebbeck T, Olopade O, Weitzel JN, Lynch HT, Ganz PA, Tomlinson GE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Lindor NM, Szabo C, Offit K, Sakr R, Gaudet M, Bhatia J, Kauff N, Singer CF, Tea MK, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Fink-Retter A, Mai PL, Greene MH, Imyanitov E, O'Malley FP, Ozcelik H, Glendon G, Toland AE, Gerdes AM, Thomassen M, Kruse TA, Jensen UB, Skytte AB, Caligo MA, Soller M, Henriksson K, Wachenfeldt VA, Arver B, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Karlsson P, Ding YC, Neuhausen SL, Beattie M, Pharoah PDP, Moysich KB, Nathanson KL, Karlan BY, Gross J, John EM, Daly MB, Buys SM, Southey MC, Hopper JL, Terry MB, Chung W, Miron AF, Goldgar D, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF, Andrulis IL, Antoniou AC. Common breast cancer susceptibility alleles are associated with tumour subtypes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: results from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. Breast Cancer Res 2011. [PMID: 22053997 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3052.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have demonstrated that common breast cancer susceptibility alleles are differentially associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutation carriers. It is currently unknown how these alleles are associated with different breast cancer subtypes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers defined by estrogen (ER) or progesterone receptor (PR) status of the tumour. METHODS We used genotype data on up to 11,421 BRCA1 and 7,080 BRCA2 carriers, of whom 4,310 had been affected with breast cancer and had information on either ER or PR status of the tumour, to assess the associations of 12 loci with breast cancer tumour characteristics. Associations were evaluated using a retrospective cohort approach. RESULTS The results suggested stronger associations with ER-positive breast cancer than ER-negative for 11 loci in both BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. Among BRCA1 carriers, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2981582 (FGFR2) exhibited the biggest difference based on ER status (per-allele hazard ratio (HR) for ER-positive = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.56 vs HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.98 for ER-negative, P-heterogeneity = 6.5 × 10-6). In contrast, SNP rs2046210 at 6q25.1 near ESR1 was primarily associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. In BRCA2 carriers, SNPs in FGFR2, TOX3, LSP1, SLC4A7/NEK10, 5p12, 2q35, and 1p11.2 were significantly associated with ER-positive but not ER-negative disease. Similar results were observed when differentiating breast cancer cases by PR status. CONCLUSIONS The associations of the 12 SNPs with risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers differ by ER-positive or ER-negative breast cancer status. The apparent differences in SNP associations between BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers, and non-carriers, may be explicable by differences in the prevalence of tumour subtypes. As more risk modifying variants are identified, incorporating these associations into breast cancer subtype-specific risk models may improve clinical management for mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marie Mulligan
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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Mulligan AM, Couch FJ, Barrowdale D, Domchek SM, Eccles D, Nevanlinna H, Ramus SJ, Robson M, Sherman M, Spurdle AB, Wappenschmidt B, Lee A, McGuffog L, Healey S, Sinilnikova OM, Janavicius R, Hansen TVO, Nielsen FC, Ejlertsen B, Osorio A, Muñoz-Repeto I, Durán M, Godino J, Pertesi M, Benítez J, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Cattaneo E, Bonanni B, Viel A, Pasini B, Papi L, Ottini L, Savarese A, Bernard L, Radice P, Hamann U, Verheus M, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Wijnen J, Gómez García EB, Nelen MR, Kets CM, Seynaeve C, Tilanus-Linthorst MMA, van der Luijt RB, van Os T, Rookus M, Frost D, Jones JL, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Izatt L, Adlard J, Davidson R, Cook J, Donaldson A, Dorkins H, Gregory H, Eason J, Houghton C, Barwell J, Side LE, McCann E, Murray A, Peock S, Godwin AK, Schmutzler RK, Rhiem K, Engel C, Meindl A, Ruehl I, Arnold N, Niederacher D, Sutter C, Deissler H, Gadzicki D, Kast K, Preisler-Adams S, Varon-Mateeva R, Schoenbuchner I, Fiebig B, Heinritz W, Schäfer D, Gevensleben H, Caux-Moncoutier V, Fassy-Colcombet M, Cornelis F, Mazoyer S, Léoné M, Boutry-Kryza N, Hardouin A, Berthet P, Muller D, Fricker JP, Mortemousque I, Pujol P, Coupier I, Lebrun M, Kientz C, Longy M, Sevenet N, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Isaacs C, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Blanco I, Lazaro C, Barkardottir RB, Soucy P, Dumont M, Simard J, Montagna M, Tognazzo S, D'Andrea E, Fox S, Yan M, Rebbeck T, Olopade O, Weitzel JN, Lynch HT, Ganz PA, Tomlinson GE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Pankratz VS, Lindor NM, Szabo C, Offit K, Sakr R, Gaudet M, Bhatia J, Kauff N, Singer CF, Tea MK, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Fink-Retter A, Mai PL, Greene MH, Imyanitov E, O'Malley FP, Ozcelik H, Glendon G, Toland AE, Gerdes AM, Thomassen M, Kruse TA, Jensen UB, Skytte AB, Caligo MA, Soller M, Henriksson K, Wachenfeldt VA, Arver B, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Karlsson P, Ding YC, Neuhausen SL, Beattie M, Pharoah PDP, Moysich KB, Nathanson KL, Karlan BY, Gross J, John EM, Daly MB, Buys SM, Southey MC, Hopper JL, Terry MB, Chung W, Miron AF, Goldgar D, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF, Andrulis IL, Antoniou AC. Common breast cancer susceptibility alleles are associated with tumour subtypes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: results from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. Breast Cancer Res 2011; 13:R110. [PMID: 22053997 PMCID: PMC3326552 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have demonstrated that common breast cancer susceptibility alleles are differentially associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutation carriers. It is currently unknown how these alleles are associated with different breast cancer subtypes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers defined by estrogen (ER) or progesterone receptor (PR) status of the tumour. Methods We used genotype data on up to 11,421 BRCA1 and 7,080 BRCA2 carriers, of whom 4,310 had been affected with breast cancer and had information on either ER or PR status of the tumour, to assess the associations of 12 loci with breast cancer tumour characteristics. Associations were evaluated using a retrospective cohort approach. Results The results suggested stronger associations with ER-positive breast cancer than ER-negative for 11 loci in both BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. Among BRCA1 carriers, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2981582 (FGFR2) exhibited the biggest difference based on ER status (per-allele hazard ratio (HR) for ER-positive = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.56 vs HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.98 for ER-negative, P-heterogeneity = 6.5 × 10-6). In contrast, SNP rs2046210 at 6q25.1 near ESR1 was primarily associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. In BRCA2 carriers, SNPs in FGFR2, TOX3, LSP1, SLC4A7/NEK10, 5p12, 2q35, and 1p11.2 were significantly associated with ER-positive but not ER-negative disease. Similar results were observed when differentiating breast cancer cases by PR status. Conclusions The associations of the 12 SNPs with risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers differ by ER-positive or ER-negative breast cancer status. The apparent differences in SNP associations between BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers, and non-carriers, may be explicable by differences in the prevalence of tumour subtypes. As more risk modifying variants are identified, incorporating these associations into breast cancer subtype-specific risk models may improve clinical management for mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marie Mulligan
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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Stevens KN, Vachon CM, Lee AM, Slager S, Lesnick T, Olswold C, Fasching PA, Miron P, Eccles D, Carpenter JE, Godwin AK, Ambrosone C, Winqvist R, Schmidt MK, Cox A, Cross SS, Sawyer E, Hartmann A, Beckmann MW, Schulz-Wendtland R, Ekici AB, Tapper WJ, Gerty SM, Durcan L, Graham N, Hein R, Nickels S, Flesch-Janys D, Heinz J, Sinn HP, Konstantopoulou I, Fostira F, Pectasides D, Dimopoulos AM, Fountzilas G, Clarke CL, Balleine R, Olson JE, Fredericksen Z, Diasio RB, Pathak H, Ross E, Weaver J, Rüdiger T, Försti A, Dünnebier T, Ademuyiwa F, Kulkarni S, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Ko YD, Van Limbergen E, Janssen H, Peto J, Fletcher O, Giles GG, Baglietto L, Verhoef S, Tomlinson I, Kosma VM, Beesley J, Greco D, Blomqvist C, Irwanto A, Liu J, Blows FM, Dawson SJ, Margolin S, Mannermaa A, Martin NG, Montgomery GW, Lambrechts D, dos Santos Silva I, Severi G, Hamann U, Pharoah P, Easton DF, Chang-Claude J, Yannoukakos D, Nevanlinna H, Wang X, Couch FJ. Common breast cancer susceptibility loci are associated with triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2011; 71:6240-9. [PMID: 21844186 PMCID: PMC3327299 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-1266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers are an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with poor survival, but there remains little known about the etiologic factors that promote its initiation and development. Commonly inherited breast cancer risk factors identified through genome-wide association studies display heterogeneity of effect among breast cancer subtypes as defined by the status of estrogen and progesterone receptors. In the Triple Negative Breast Cancer Consortium (TNBCC), 22 common breast cancer susceptibility variants were investigated in 2,980 Caucasian women with triple-negative breast cancer and 4,978 healthy controls. We identified six single-nucleotide polymorphisms, including rs2046210 (ESR1), rs12662670 (ESR1), rs3803662 (TOX3), rs999737 (RAD51L1), rs8170 (19p13.1), and rs8100241 (19p13.1), significantly associated with the risk of triple-negative breast cancer. Together, our results provide convincing evidence of genetic susceptibility for triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Celine M. Vachon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Adam M. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Susan Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Timothy Lesnick
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Curtis Olswold
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- University of California at Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of hematology and Oncology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Diana Eccles
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton UK
| | - Jane E. Carpenter
- Australian Breast Cancer Tissue Bank, University of Sydney at the Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Christine Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hiltrud Brauch on behalf of the GENICA consortium
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University Tübingen,Germany
- Gene Environment Interaction and Breast Cancer in Germany (GENICA): Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University Tübingen, Germany (HB, Christina Justenhoven); Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (Ute Hamann); Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany (YDK, Christian Baisch); Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Germany (Hans-Peter Fischer); Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Bochum, Germany (Thomas Bruening, Beate Pesch, Volker Harth, Sylvia Rabstein)
| | - Marjanka K. Schmidt
- Division of Experimental Therapy and Molecular Pathology and Division of Epidemiology (MKS), Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Cox
- Institute for Cancer Studies, Department of Oncology , Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Simon S. Cross
- Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's & St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg , University Hospital Erlangen, University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Schulz-Wendtland
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif B. Ekici
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Human Genetics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - William J Tapper
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton UK
| | - Susan M Gerty
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton UK
| | - Lorraine Durcan
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton UK
| | - Nikki Graham
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton UK
| | - Rebecca Hein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Nickels
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Judith Heinz
- Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Sinn
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory IRRP, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory IRRP, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Pectasides
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Section, “Hippokration” Hospital; Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios M. Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, “Alexandra” Hospital, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - George Fountzilas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christine L. Clarke
- Australian Breast Cancer Tissue Bank, University of Sydney at the Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Rosemary Balleine
- Dept of Translational Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health Network, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Janet E. Olson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Harsh Pathak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eric Ross
- Department of Biostatistics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - JoEllen Weaver
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Rüdiger
- Institute of Pathology, Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Asta Försti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany and Center for Primary Health Care Research, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Thomas Dünnebier
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Foluso Ademuyiwa
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Swati Kulkarni
- Dept of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Johanniter- und Waldkrankenhaus Bonn gGmbH, Bonn, Germany
| | - Erik Van Limbergen
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hilde Janssen
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julian Peto
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia & Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia & Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Senno Verhoef
- Family Cancer Clinic (SV), Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital; Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dario Greco
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Astrid Irwanto
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fiona M. Blows
- Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah-Jane Dawson
- Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital; Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nicholas G. Martin
- QIMR GWAS Collective, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- QIMR GWAS Collective, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabel dos Santos Silva
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia & Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ute Hamann
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany and Center for Primary Health Care Research, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Paul Pharoah
- Department of Oncology and Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Human Genetics, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Milne RL, Lorenzo-Bermejo J, Burwinkel B, Malats N, Arias JI, Zamora MP, Benítez J, Humphreys MK, García-Closas M, Chanock SJ, Lissowska J, Sherman ME, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Kosma VM, Nevanlinna H, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Devilee P, van Asperen CJ, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve C, Hall P, Czene K, Liu J, Irwanto AK, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Couch FJ, Olson JE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Nordestgaard BG, Bojesen SE, Flyger H, Margolin S, Lindblom A, Fasching PA, Schulz-Wendtland R, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Wang-Gohrke S, Shen CY, Yu JC, Hsu HM, Wu PE, Giles GG, Severi G, Baglietto L, English DR, Cox A, Brock I, Elliott G, Reed MWR, Beesley J, Chen X, Investigators K, Fletcher O, Gibson L, dos Santos Silva I, Peto J, Frank B, Heil J, Meindl A, Chang-Claude J, Hein R, Vrieling A, Flesch-Janys D, Southey MC, Smith L, Apicella C, Hopper JL, Dunning AM, Pooley KA, Pharoah PDP, Hamann U, Pesch B, Ko YD, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G. 7q21-rs6964587 and breast cancer risk: an extended case-control study by the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. J Med Genet 2011; 48:698-702. [PMID: 21931171 PMCID: PMC3371608 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2011-100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, the authors previously reported that the single nucleotide polymorphism 7q21-rs6964587 (AKAP9-M463I) is associated with breast cancer risk. The authors have now assessed this association more comprehensively using 16 independent case-control studies. METHODS The authors genotyped 14,843 invasive case patients and 19,852 control subjects with white European ancestry and 2595 invasive case patients and 2192 control subjects with Asian ancestry. ORs were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for study. Heterogeneity in ORs was assessed by fitting interaction terms or by subclassifying case patients and applying polytomous logistic regression. RESULTS For white European women, the minor T allele of 7q21-rs6964587 was associated with breast cancer risk under a recessive model (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.13, p = 0.04). Results were inconclusive for Asian women. From a combined analysis of 24 154 case patients and 33,376 control subjects of white European ancestry from the present and previous series, the best-fitting model was recessive, with an estimated OR of 1.08 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.13, p = 0.001). The OR was greater at younger ages (p trend = 0.01). CONCLUSION This may be the first common susceptibility allele for breast cancer to be identified with a recessive mode of inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Milne
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28039 Madrid, Spain.
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Milne RL, Goode EL, García-Closas M, Couch FJ, Severi G, Hein R, Fredericksen Z, Malats N, Zamora MP, Arias Pérez JI, Benítez J, Dörk T, Schürmann P, Karstens JH, Hillemanns P, Cox A, Brock IW, Elliot G, Cross SS, Seal S, Turnbull C, Renwick A, Rahman N, Shen CY, Yu JC, Huang CS, Hou MF, Nordestgaard BG, Bojesen SE, Lanng C, Grenaker Alnæs G, Kristensen V, Børrensen-Dale AL, Hopper JL, Dite GS, Apicella C, Southey MC, Lambrechts D, Yesilyurt BT, Floris G, Leunen K, Sangrajrang S, Gaborieau V, Brennan P, McKay J, Chang-Claude J, Wang-Gohrke S, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Barile M, Giles GG, Baglietto L, John EM, Miron A, Chanock SJ, Lissowska J, Sherman ME, Figueroa JD, Bogdanova NV, Antonenkova NN, Zalutsky IV, Rogov YI, Fasching PA, Bayer CM, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Brenner H, Müller H, Arndt V, Stegmaier C, Andrulis IL, Knight JA, Glendon G, Mulligan AM, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Kosma VM, Hartikainen JM, Meindl A, Heil J, Bartram CR, Schmutzler RK, Thomas GD, Hoover RN, Fletcher O, Gibson LJ, dos Santos Silva I, Peto J, Nickels S, Flesch-Janys D, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Sawyer E, Tomlinson I, Kerin M, Miller N, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, Van 't Veer LJ, Tollenaar RAEM, Pharoah PDP, Dunning AM, Pooley KA, Marme F, Schneeweiss A, Sohn C, Burwinkel B, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska K, Durda K, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Ahn SH, Hunter DJ, Hankinson SE, Kraft P, Lindstrom S, Chen X, Beesley J, Hamann U, Harth V, Justenhoven C, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Grip M, Hooning M, Hollestelle A, Oldenburg RA, Tilanus-Linthorst M, Khusnutdinova E, Bermisheva M, Prokofieva D, Farahtdinova A, Olson JE, Wang X, Humphreys MK, Wang Q, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF. Confirmation of 5p12 as a susceptibility locus for progesterone-receptor-positive, lower grade breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:2222-31. [PMID: 21795498 PMCID: PMC4164116 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 5p12-rs10941679 has been found to be associated with risk of breast cancer, particularly estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease. We aimed to further explore this association overall, and by tumor histopathology, in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. METHODS Data were combined from 37 studies, including 40,972 invasive cases, 1,398 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and 46,334 controls, all of white European ancestry, as well as 3,007 invasive cases and 2,337 controls of Asian ancestry. Associations overall and by tumor invasiveness and histopathology were assessed using logistic regression. RESULTS For white Europeans, the per-allele OR associated with 5p12-rs10941679 was 1.11 (95% CI = 1.08-1.14, P = 7 × 10(-18)) for invasive breast cancer and 1.10 (95% CI = 1.01-1.21, P = 0.03) for DCIS. For Asian women, the estimated OR for invasive disease was similar (OR = 1.07, 95%CI = 0.99-1.15, P = 0.09). Further analyses suggested that the association in white Europeans was largely limited to progesterone receptor (PR)-positive disease (per-allele OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.12-1.20, P = 1 × 10(-18) vs. OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.99-1.07, P = 0.2 for PR-negative disease; P(heterogeneity) = 2 × 10(-7)); heterogeneity by ER status was not observed (P = 0.2) once PR status was accounted for. The association was also stronger for lower grade tumors [per-allele OR (95% CI) = 1.20 (1.14-1.25), 1.13 (1.09-1.16), and 1.04 (0.99-1.08) for grade 1, 2, and 3/4, respectively; P(trend) = 5 × 10(-7)]. CONCLUSION 5p12 is a breast cancer susceptibility locus for PR-positive, lower grade breast cancer. IMPACT Multicenter fine-mapping studies of this region are needed as a first step to identifying the causal variant or variants.
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MESH Headings
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5/genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Neoplasm Grading
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Risk Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Milne
- Genetic & Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
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Antoniou AC, Kartsonaki C, Sinilnikova OM, Soucy P, McGuffog L, Healey S, Lee A, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Cattaneo E, Barile M, Pensotti V, Pasini B, Dolcetti R, Giannini G, Putignano AL, Varesco L, Radice P, Mai PL, Greene MH, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Thomassen M, Gerdes AM, Kruse TA, Birk Jensen U, Crüger DG, Caligo MA, Laitman Y, Milgrom R, Kaufman B, Paluch-Shimon S, Friedman E, Loman N, Harbst K, Lindblom A, Arver B, Ehrencrona H, Melin B, Nathanson KL, Domchek SM, Rebbeck T, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Gronwald J, Huzarski T, Byrski T, Cybulski C, Gorski B, Osorio A, Ramón y Cajal T, Fostira F, Andrés R, Benitez J, Hamann U, Hogervorst FB, Rookus MA, Hooning MJ, Nelen MR, van der Luijt RB, van Os TAM, van Asperen CJ, Devilee P, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Gómez Garcia EB, Peock S, Cook M, Frost D, Platte R, Leyland J, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Izatt L, Adlard J, Davidson R, Eccles D, Ong KR, Cook J, Douglas F, Paterson J, Kennedy MJ, Miedzybrodzka Z, Godwin A, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Buecher B, Belotti M, Tirapo C, Mazoyer S, Barjhoux L, Lasset C, Leroux D, Faivre L, Bronner M, Prieur F, Nogues C, Rouleau E, Pujol P, Coupier I, Frénay M, Hopper JL, Daly MB, Terry MB, John EM, Buys SS, Yassin Y, Miron A, Goldgar D, Singer CF, Tea MK, Pfeiler G, Dressler AC, Hansen TVO, Jønson L, Ejlertsen B, Barkardottir RB, Kirchhoff T, Offit K, Piedmonte M, Rodriguez G, Small L, Boggess J, Blank S, Basil J, Azodi M, Toland AE, Montagna M, Tognazzo S, Agata S, Imyanitov E, Janavicius R, Lazaro C, Blanco I, Pharoah PDP, Sucheston L, Karlan BY, Walsh CS, Olah E, Bozsik A, Teo SH, Seldon JL, Beattie MS, van Rensburg EJ, Sluiter MD, Diez O, Schmutzler RK, Wappenschmidt B, Engel C, Meindl A, Ruehl I, Varon-Mateeva R, Kast K, Deissler H, Niederacher D, Arnold N, Gadzicki D, Schönbuchner I, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Nevanlinna H, Aittomäki K, Dumont M, Chiquette J, Tischkowitz M, Chen X, Beesley J, Spurdle AB, Neuhausen SL, Chun Ding Y, Fredericksen Z, Wang X, Pankratz VS, Couch F, Simard J, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G. Common alleles at 6q25.1 and 1p11.2 are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:3304-21. [PMID: 21593217 PMCID: PMC3652640 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 6q25.1, near the ESR1 gene, have been implicated in the susceptibility to breast cancer for Asian (rs2046210) and European women (rs9397435). A genome-wide association study in Europeans identified two further breast cancer susceptibility variants: rs11249433 at 1p11.2 and rs999737 in RAD51L1 at 14q24.1. Although previously identified breast cancer susceptibility variants have been shown to be associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, the involvement of these SNPs to breast cancer susceptibility in mutation carriers is currently unknown. To address this, we genotyped these SNPs in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers from 42 studies from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. In the analysis of 14 123 BRCA1 and 8053 BRCA2 mutation carriers of European ancestry, the 6q25.1 SNPs (r(2) = 0.14) were independently associated with the risk of breast cancer for BRCA1 mutation carriers [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.23, P-trend = 4.5 × 10(-9) for rs2046210; HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.18-1.40, P-trend = 1.3 × 10(-8) for rs9397435], but only rs9397435 was associated with the risk for BRCA2 carriers (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01-1.28, P-trend = 0.031). SNP rs11249433 (1p11.2) was associated with the risk of breast cancer for BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.17, P-trend = 0.015), but was not associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers (HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.92-1.02, P-trend = 0.20). SNP rs999737 (RAD51L1) was not associated with breast cancer risk for either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers (P-trend = 0.27 and 0.30, respectively). The identification of SNPs at 6q25.1 associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers will lead to a better understanding of the biology of tumour development in these women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis C Antoniou
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Im KM, Kirchhoff T, Wang X, Green T, Chow CY, Vijai J, Korn J, Gaudet MM, Fredericksen Z, Shane Pankratz V, Guiducci C, Crenshaw A, McGuffog L, Kartsonaki C, Morrison J, Healey S, Sinilnikova OM, Mai PL, Greene MH, Piedmonte M, Rubinstein WS, Hogervorst FB, Rookus MA, Collée JM, Hoogerbrugge N, van Asperen CJ, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Van Roozendaal CE, Caldes T, Perez-Segura P, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Huzarski T, Blecharz P, Nevanlinna H, Aittomäki K, Lazaro C, Blanco I, Barkardottir RB, Montagna M, D'Andrea E, Devilee P, Olopade OI, Neuhausen SL, Peissel B, Bonanni B, Peterlongo P, Singer CF, Rennert G, Lejbkowicz F, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Toland AE, Caligo MA, Beattie MS, Chan S, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Phelan C, Narod S, John EM, Hopper JL, Buys SS, Daly MB, Southey MC, Terry MB, Tung N, Hansen TVO, Osorio A, Benitez J, Durán M, Weitzel JN, Garber J, Hamann U, Peock S, Cook M, Oliver CT, Frost D, Platte R, Evans DG, Eeles R, Izatt L, Paterson J, Brewer C, Hodgson S, Morrison PJ, Porteous M, Walker L, Rogers MT, Side LE, Godwin AK, Schmutzler RK, Wappenschmidt B, Laitman Y, Meindl A, Deissler H, Varon-Mateeva R, Preisler-Adams S, Kast K, Venat-Bouvet L, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF, Klein RJ, Daly MJ, Friedman E, Dean M, Clark AG, Altshuler DM, Antoniou AC, Couch FJ, Offit K, Gold B. Haplotype structure in Ashkenazi Jewish BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Hum Genet 2011; 130:685-99. [PMID: 21597964 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-011-1003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Three founder mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 contribute to the risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in Ashkenazi Jews (AJ). They are observed at increased frequency in the AJ compared to other BRCA mutations in Caucasian non-Jews (CNJ). Several authors have proposed that elevated allele frequencies in the surrounding genomic regions reflect adaptive or balancing selection. Such proposals predict long-range linkage disequilibrium (LD) resulting from a selective sweep, although genetic drift in a founder population may also act to create long-distance LD. To date, few studies have used the tools of statistical genomics to examine the likelihood of long-range LD at a deleterious locus in a population that faced a genetic bottleneck. We studied the genotypes of hundreds of women from a large international consortium of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and found that AJ women exhibited long-range haplotypes compared to CNJ women. More than 50% of the AJ chromosomes with the BRCA1 185delAG mutation share an identical 2.1 Mb haplotype and nearly 16% of AJ chromosomes carrying the BRCA2 6174delT mutation share a 1.4 Mb haplotype. Simulations based on the best inference of Ashkenazi population demography indicate that long-range haplotypes are expected in the context of a genome-wide survey. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that a local bottleneck effect from population size constriction events could by chance have resulted in the large haplotype blocks observed at high frequency in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 regions of Ashkenazi Jews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Im
- Center for Cancer Research, Cancer Inflammation Program, Human Genetics Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
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Martrat G, Maxwell CM, Tominaga E, Porta-de-la-Riva M, Bonifaci N, Gómez-Baldó L, Bogliolo M, Lázaro C, Blanco I, Brunet J, Aguilar H, Fernández-Rodríguez J, Seal S, Renwick A, Rahman N, Kühl J, Neveling K, Schindler D, Ramírez MJ, Castellà M, Hernández G, Easton DF, Peock S, Cook M, Oliver CT, Frost D, Platte R, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Izatt L, Chu C, Davidson R, Ong KR, Cook J, Douglas F, Hodgson S, Brewer C, Morrison PJ, Porteous M, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Roversi G, Barile M, Viel A, Pasini B, Ottini L, Putignano AL, Savarese A, Bernard L, Radice P, Healey S, Spurdle A, Chen X, Beesley J, Rookus MA, Verhoef S, Tilanus-Linthorst MA, Vreeswijk MP, Asperen CJ, Bodmer D, Ausems MGEM, van Os TA, Blok MJ, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Hogervorst FBL, Goldgar DE, Buys S, John EM, Miron A, Southey M, Daly MB, Harbst K, Borg A, Rantala J, Barbany-Bustinza G, Ehrencrona H, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Kaufman B, Laitman Y, Milgrom R, Friedman E, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Johannsson OT, Couch FJ, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Cuadras D, Moreno V, Pientka FK, Depping R, Caldés T, Osorio A, Benítez J, Bueren J, Heikkinen T, Nevanlinna H, Hamann U, Torres D, Caligo MA, Godwin AK, Imyanitov EN, Janavicius R, Sinilnikova OM, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Mazoyer S, Verny-Pierre C, Castera L, de Pauw A, Bignon YJ, Uhrhammer N, Peyrat JP, Vennin P, Ferrer SF, Collonge-Rame MA, Mortemousque I, McGuffog L, Chenevix-Trench G, Pereira-Smith OM, Antoniou AC, Cerón J, Tominaga K, Surrallés J, Pujana MA. Exploring the link between MORF4L1 and risk of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2011; 13:R40. [PMID: 21466675 PMCID: PMC3219203 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Proteins encoded by Fanconi anemia (FA) and/or breast cancer (BrCa) susceptibility genes cooperate in a common DNA damage repair signaling pathway. To gain deeper insight into this pathway and its influence on cancer risk, we searched for novel components through protein physical interaction screens. METHODS Protein physical interactions were screened using the yeast two-hybrid system. Co-affinity purifications and endogenous co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed to corroborate interactions. Biochemical and functional assays in human, mouse and Caenorhabditis elegans models were carried out to characterize pathway components. Thirteen FANCD2-monoubiquitinylation-positive FA cell lines excluded for genetic defects in the downstream pathway components and 300 familial BrCa patients negative for BRCA1/2 mutations were analyzed for genetic mutations. Common genetic variants were genotyped in 9,573 BRCA1/2 mutation carriers for associations with BrCa risk. RESULTS A previously identified co-purifying protein with PALB2 was identified, MRG15 (MORF4L1 gene). Results in human, mouse and C. elegans models delineate molecular and functional relationships with BRCA2, PALB2, RAD51 and RPA1 that suggest a role for MRG15 in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Mrg15-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts showed moderate sensitivity to γ-irradiation relative to controls and reduced formation of Rad51 nuclear foci. Examination of mutants of MRG15 and BRCA2 C. elegans orthologs revealed phenocopy by accumulation of RPA-1 (human RPA1) nuclear foci and aberrant chromosomal compactions in meiotic cells. However, no alterations or mutations were identified for MRG15/MORF4L1 in unclassified FA patients and BrCa familial cases. Finally, no significant associations between common MORF4L1 variants and BrCa risk for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers were identified: rs7164529, Ptrend = 0.45 and 0.05, P2df = 0.51 and 0.14, respectively; and rs10519219, Ptrend = 0.92 and 0.72, P2df = 0.76 and 0.07, respectively. CONCLUSIONS While the present study expands on the role of MRG15 in the control of genomic stability, weak associations cannot be ruled out for potential low-penetrance variants at MORF4L1 and BrCa risk among BRCA2 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griselda Martrat
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Gran Via 199, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat 08908, Spain
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Osorio A, Milne RL, Alonso R, Pita G, Peterlongo P, Teulé A, Nathanson KL, Domchek SM, Rebbeck T, Lasa A, Konstantopoulou I, Hogervorst FB, Verhoef S, van Dooren MF, Jager A, Ausems MGEM, Aalfs CM, van Asperen CJ, Vreeswijk M, Waisfisz Q, Van Roozendaal CE, Ligtenberg MJ, Easton DF, Peock S, Cook M, Oliver CT, Frost D, Curzon B, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Izatt L, Davidson R, Adlard J, Eccles D, Ong KR, Douglas F, Downing S, Brewer C, Walker L, Nevanlinna H, Aittomäki K, Couch FJ, Fredericksen Z, Lindor NM, Godwin A, Isaacs C, Caligo MA, Loman N, Jernström H, Barbany-Bustinza G, Liljegren A, Ehrencrona H, Stenmark-Askmalm M, Feliubadaló L, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Bonanni B, Fortuzzi S, Johannsson OT, Chenevix-Trench G, Chen XC, Beesley J, Spurdle AB, Sinilnikova OM, Healey S, McGuffog L, Antoniou AC, Brunet J, Radice P, Benítez J. Evaluation of the XRCC1 gene as a phenotypic modifier in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Results from the consortium of investigators of modifiers of BRCA1/BRCA2. Br J Cancer 2011; 104:1356-61. [PMID: 21427728 PMCID: PMC3078599 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in DNA repair are good candidates to be tested as phenotypic modifiers for carriers of mutations in the high-risk susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2. The base excision repair (BER) pathway could be particularly interesting given the relation of synthetic lethality that exists between one of the components of the pathway, PARP1, and both BRCA1 and BRCA2. In this study, we have evaluated the XRCC1 gene that participates in the BER pathway, as phenotypic modifier of BRCA1 and BRCA2. METHODS Three common SNPs in the gene, c.-77C>T (rs3213245) p.Arg280His (rs25489) and p.Gln399Arg (rs25487) were analysed in a series of 701 BRCA1 and 576 BRCA2 mutation carriers. RESULTS An association was observed between p.Arg280His-rs25489 and breast cancer risk for BRCA2 mutation carriers, with rare homozygotes at increased risk relative to common homozygotes (hazard ratio: 22.3, 95% confidence interval: 14.3-34, P<0.001). This association was further tested in a second series of 4480 BRCA1 and 3016 BRCA2 mutation carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2. CONCLUSIONS AND INTERPRETATION No evidence of association was found when the larger series was analysed which lead us to conclude that none of the three SNPs are significant modifiers of breast cancer risk for mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre, C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Fletcher O, Johnson N, dos Santos Silva I, Orr N, Ashworth A, Nevanlinna H, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Burwinkel B, Bartram CR, Meindl A, Schmutzler RK, Cox A, Brock I, Elliott G, Reed MWR, Southey MC, Smith L, Spurdle AB, Hopper JL, Couch FJ, Olson JE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Schürmann P, Waltes R, Bremer M, Dörk T, Devilee P, van Asperen CJ, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve C, Hall P, Czene K, Humphreys K, Liu J, Ahmed S, Dunning AM, Maranian M, Pharoah PDP, Chenevix-Trench G, Beesley J, Bogdanova NV, Antonenkova NN, Zalutsky IV, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Brauch H, Ko YD, Hamann U, Fasching PA, Strick R, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Giles GG, Severi G, Baglietto L, English DR, Milne RL, Benítez J, Arias JI, Pita G, Nordestgaard BG, Bojesen SE, Flyger H, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Kosma VM, García-Closas M, Chanock S, Lissowska J, Brinton LA, Chang-Claude J, Wang-Gohrke S, Broeks A, Schmidt MK, van Leeuwen FE, Van't Veer LJ, Margolin S, Lindblom A, Humphreys MK, Morrison J, Platte R, Easton DF, Peto J. Missense variants in ATM in 26,101 breast cancer cases and 29,842 controls. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 19:2143-51. [PMID: 20826828 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Truncating mutations in ATM have been shown to increase the risk of breast cancer but the effect of missense variants remains contentious. METHODS We have genotyped five polymorphic (minor allele frequency, 0.9-2.6%) missense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in ATM (S49C, S707P, F858L, P1054R, and L1420F) in 26,101 breast cancer cases and 29,842 controls from 23 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. RESULTS Combining the data from all five SNPs, the odds ratio (OR) was 1.05 for being a heterozygote for any of the SNPs and 1.51 for being a rare homozygote for any of the SNPs with an overall trend OR of 1.06 (P(trend) = 0.04). The trend OR among bilateral and familial cases was 1.12 (95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.23; P(trend) = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS In this large combined analysis, these five missense ATM SNPs were associated with a small increased risk of breast cancer, explaining an estimated 0.03% of the excess familial risk of breast cancer. IMPACT Testing the combined effects of rare missense variants in known breast cancer genes in large collaborative studies should clarify their overall contribution to breast cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Fletcher
- British Breast Cancer Study, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, United Kingdom.
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Yang XR, Chang-Claude J, Goode EL, Couch FJ, Nevanlinna H, Milne RL, Gaudet M, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, Cox A, Fasching PA, Hein R, Spurdle AB, Blows F, Driver K, Flesch-Janys D, Heinz J, Sinn P, Vrieling A, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Heikkilä P, Blomqvist C, Lissowska J, Peplonska B, Chanock S, Figueroa J, Brinton L, Hall P, Czene K, Humphreys K, Darabi H, Liu J, Van 't Veer LJ, van Leeuwen FE, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Knight JA, Mulligan AM, O'Malley FP, Weerasooriya N, John EM, Beckmann MW, Hartmann A, Weihbrecht SB, Wachter DL, Jud SM, Loehberg CR, Baglietto L, English DR, Giles GG, McLean CA, Severi G, Lambrechts D, Vandorpe T, Weltens C, Paridaens R, Smeets A, Neven P, Wildiers H, Wang X, Olson JE, Cafourek V, Fredericksen Z, Kosel M, Vachon C, Cramp HE, Connley D, Cross SS, Balasubramanian SP, Reed MWR, Dörk T, Bremer M, Meyer A, Karstens JH, Ay A, Park-Simon TW, Hillemanns P, Arias Pérez JI, Menéndez Rodríguez P, Zamora P, Benítez J, Ko YD, Fischer HP, Hamann U, Pesch B, Brüning T, Justenhoven C, Brauch H, Eccles DM, Tapper WJ, Gerty SM, Sawyer EJ, Tomlinson IP, Jones A, Kerin M, Miller N, McInerney N, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Shen CY, Hsiung CN, Wu PE, Yang SL, Yu JC, Chen ST, Hsu GC, Haiman CA, Henderson BE, Le Marchand L, Kolonel LN, Lindblom A, Margolin S, Jakubowska A, Lubiński J, Huzarski T, Byrski T, Górski B, Gronwald J, Hooning MJ, Hollestelle A, van den Ouweland AMW, Jager A, Kriege M, Tilanus-Linthorst MMA, Collée M, Wang-Gohrke S, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Mononen K, Grip M, Hirvikoski P, Winqvist R, Mannermaa A, Kosma VM, Kauppinen J, Kataja V, Auvinen P, Soini Y, Sironen R, Bojesen SE, Ørsted DD, Kaur-Knudsen D, Flyger H, Nordestgaard BG, Holland H, Chenevix-Trench G, Manoukian S, Barile M, Radice P, Hankinson SE, Hunter DJ, Tamimi R, Sangrajrang S, Brennan P, McKay J, Odefrey F, Gaborieau V, Devilee P, Huijts PEA, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve C, Dite GS, Apicella C, Hopper JL, Hammet F, Tsimiklis H, Smith LD, Southey MC, Humphreys MK, Easton D, Pharoah P, Sherman ME, Garcia-Closas M. Associations of breast cancer risk factors with tumor subtypes: a pooled analysis from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011; 103:250-63. [PMID: 21191117 PMCID: PMC3107570 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djq526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 513] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that breast cancer risk factors are associated with estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression status of the tumors. METHODS We pooled tumor marker and epidemiological risk factor data from 35,568 invasive breast cancer case patients from 34 studies participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Logistic regression models were used in case-case analyses to estimate associations between epidemiological risk factors and tumor subtypes, and case-control analyses to estimate associations between epidemiological risk factors and the risk of developing specific tumor subtypes in 12 population-based studies. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS In case-case analyses, of the epidemiological risk factors examined, early age at menarche (≤12 years) was less frequent in case patients with PR(-) than PR(+) tumors (P = .001). Nulliparity (P = 3 × 10(-6)) and increasing age at first birth (P = 2 × 10(-9)) were less frequent in ER(-) than in ER(+) tumors. Obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) in younger women (≤50 years) was more frequent in ER(-)/PR(-) than in ER(+)/PR(+) tumors (P = 1 × 10(-7)), whereas obesity in older women (>50 years) was less frequent in PR(-) than in PR(+) tumors (P = 6 × 10(-4)). The triple-negative (ER(-)/PR(-)/HER2(-)) or core basal phenotype (CBP; triple-negative and cytokeratins [CK]5/6(+) and/or epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR](+)) accounted for much of the heterogeneity in parity-related variables and BMI in younger women. Case-control analyses showed that nulliparity, increasing age at first birth, and obesity in younger women showed the expected associations with the risk of ER(+) or PR(+) tumors but not triple-negative (nulliparity vs parity, odds ratio [OR] = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.75 to 1.19, P = .61; 5-year increase in age at first full-term birth, OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.86 to 1.05, P = .34; obesity in younger women, OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 0.95 to 1.94, P = .09) or CBP tumors. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that reproductive factors and BMI are most clearly associated with hormone receptor-positive tumors and suggest that triple-negative or CBP tumors may have distinct etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong R Yang
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Sciences, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
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Milne RL, Gaudet MM, Spurdle AB, Fasching PA, Couch FJ, Benítez J, Arias Pérez JI, Zamora MP, Malats N, Dos Santos Silva I, Gibson LJ, Fletcher O, Johnson N, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Figueroa J, Brinton L, Sherman ME, Lissowska J, Hopper JL, Dite GS, Apicella C, Southey MC, Sigurdson AJ, Linet MS, Schonfeld SJ, Freedman DM, Mannermaa A, Kosma VM, Kataja V, Auvinen P, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Knight JA, Weerasooriya N, Cox A, Reed MW, Cross SS, Dunning AM, Ahmed S, Shah M, Brauch H, Ko YD, Brüning T, Lambrechts D, Reumers J, Smeets A, Wang-Gohrke S, Hall P, Czene K, Liu J, Irwanto AK, Chenevix-Trench G, Holland H, Giles GG, Baglietto L, Severi G, Bojensen SE, Nordestgaard BG, Flyger H, John EM, West DW, Whittemore AS, Vachon C, Olson JE, Fredericksen Z, Kosel M, Hein R, Vrieling A, Flesch-Janys D, Heinz J, Beckmann MW, Heusinger K, Ekici AB, Haeberle L, Humphreys MK, Morrison J, Easton DF, Pharoah PD, García-Closas M, Goode EL, Chang-Claude J. Assessing interactions between the associations of common genetic susceptibility variants, reproductive history and body mass index with breast cancer risk in the breast cancer association consortium: a combined case-control study. Breast Cancer Res 2010; 12:R110. [PMID: 21194473 PMCID: PMC3046455 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several common breast cancer genetic susceptibility variants have recently been identified. We aimed to determine how these variants combine with a subset of other known risk factors to influence breast cancer risk in white women of European ancestry using case-control studies participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Methods We evaluated two-way interactions between each of age at menarche, ever having had a live birth, number of live births, age at first birth and body mass index (BMI) and each of 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (10q26-rs2981582 (FGFR2), 8q24-rs13281615, 11p15-rs3817198 (LSP1), 5q11-rs889312 (MAP3K1), 16q12-rs3803662 (TOX3), 2q35-rs13387042, 5p12-rs10941679 (MRPS30), 17q23-rs6504950 (COX11), 3p24-rs4973768 (SLC4A7), CASP8-rs17468277, TGFB1-rs1982073 and ESR1-rs3020314). Interactions were tested for by fitting logistic regression models including per-allele and linear trend main effects for SNPs and risk factors, respectively, and single-parameter interaction terms for linear departure from independent multiplicative effects. Results These analyses were applied to data for up to 26,349 invasive breast cancer cases and up to 32,208 controls from 21 case-control studies. No statistical evidence of interaction was observed beyond that expected by chance. Analyses were repeated using data from 11 population-based studies, and results were very similar. Conclusions The relative risks for breast cancer associated with the common susceptibility variants identified to date do not appear to vary across women with different reproductive histories or body mass index (BMI). The assumption of multiplicative combined effects for these established genetic and other risk factors in risk prediction models appears justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Milne
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, 28029, Spain.
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Ramus SJ, Kartsonaki C, Gayther SA, Pharoah PDP, Sinilnikova OM, Beesley J, Chen X, McGuffog L, Healey S, Couch FJ, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Roversi G, Barile M, Viel A, Allavena A, Ottini L, Papi L, Gismondi V, Capra F, Radice P, Greene MH, Mai PL, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Thomassen M, Gerdes AM, Kruse TA, Cruger D, Jensen UB, Caligo MA, Olsson H, Kristoffersson U, Lindblom A, Arver B, Karlsson P, Stenmark Askmalm M, Borg A, Neuhausen SL, Ding YC, Nathanson KL, Domchek SM, Jakubowska A, Lubiński J, Huzarski T, Byrski T, Gronwald J, Górski B, Cybulski C, Dębniak T, Osorio A, Durán M, Tejada MI, Benítez J, Hamann U, Rookus MA, Verhoef S, Tilanus-Linthorst MA, Vreeswijk MP, Bodmer D, Ausems MGEM, van Os TA, Asperen CJ, Blok MJ, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Peock S, Cook M, Oliver C, Frost D, Dunning AM, Evans DG, Eeles R, Pichert G, Cole T, Hodgson S, Brewer C, Morrison PJ, Porteous M, Kennedy MJ, Rogers MT, Side LE, Donaldson A, Gregory H, Godwin A, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Moncoutier V, Castera L, Mazoyer S, Barjhoux L, Bonadona V, Leroux D, Faivre L, Lidereau R, Nogues C, Bignon YJ, Prieur F, Collonge-Rame MA, Venat-Bouvet L, Fert-Ferrer S, Miron A, Buys SS, Hopper JL, Daly MB, John EM, Terry MB, Goldgar D, Hansen TVO, Jønson L, Ejlertsen B, Agnarsson BA, Offit K, Kirchhoff T, Vijai J, Dutra-Clarke AVC, Przybylo JA, Montagna M, Casella C, Imyanitov EN, Janavicius R, Blanco I, Lázaro C, Moysich KB, Karlan BY, Gross J, Beattie MS, Schmutzler R, Wappenschmidt B, Meindl A, Ruehl I, Fiebig B, Sutter C, Arnold N, Deissler H, Varon-Mateeva R, Kast K, Niederacher D, Gadzicki D, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Nevanlinna H, Aittomäki K, Simard J, Soucy P, Spurdle AB, Holland H, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF, Antoniou AC. Genetic variation at 9p22.2 and ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010; 103:105-16. [PMID: 21169536 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djq494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are associated with increased risks of breast and ovarian cancers. Although several common variants have been associated with breast cancer susceptibility in mutation carriers, none have been associated with ovarian cancer susceptibility. A genome-wide association study recently identified an association between the rare allele of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3814113 (ie, the C allele) at 9p22.2 and decreased risk of ovarian cancer for women in the general population. We evaluated the association of this SNP with ovarian cancer risk among BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers by use of data from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. METHODS We genotyped rs3814113 in 10,029 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 5837 BRCA2 mutation carriers. Associations with ovarian and breast cancer were assessed with a retrospective likelihood approach. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS The minor allele of rs3814113 was associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer among BRCA1 mutation carriers (per-allele hazard ratio of ovarian cancer = 0.78, 95% confidence interval = 0.72 to 0.85; P = 4.8 × 10(-9)) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (hazard ratio of ovarian cancer = 0.78, 95% confidence interval = 0.67 to 0.90; P = 5.5 × 10(-4)). This SNP was not associated with breast cancer risk among either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. BRCA1 mutation carriers with the TT genotype at SNP rs3814113 were predicted to have an ovarian cancer risk to age 80 years of 48%, and those with the CC genotype were predicted to have a risk of 33%. CONCLUSION Common genetic variation at the 9p22.2 locus was associated with decreased risk of ovarian cancer for carriers of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Ramus
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK.
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Wang X, Pankratz VS, Fredericksen Z, Tarrell R, Karaus M, McGuffog L, Pharaoh PD, Ponder BA, Dunning AM, Peock S, Cook M, Oliver C, Frost D, Sinilnikova OM, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Mazoyer S, Houdayer C, Hogervorst FB, Hooning MJ, Ligtenberg MJ, Spurdle A, Chenevix-Trench G, Schmutzler RK, Wappenschmidt B, Engel C, Meindl A, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Singer CF, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Dressler C, Fink A, Szabo CI, Zikan M, Foretova L, Claes K, Thomas G, Hoover RN, Hunter DJ, Chanock SJ, Easton DF, Antoniou AC, Couch FJ. Common variants associated with breast cancer in genome-wide association studies are modifiers of breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19:2886-97. [PMID: 20418484 PMCID: PMC2893806 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that significantly modify breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Since these risk modifiers were originally identified as genetic risk factors for breast cancer in genome-wide association studies (GWASs), additional risk modifiers for BRCA1 and BRCA2 may be identified from promising signals discovered in breast cancer GWAS. A total of 350 SNPs identified as candidate breast cancer risk factors (P < 1 x 10(-3)) in two breast cancer GWAS studies were genotyped in 3451 BRCA1 and 2006 BRCA2 mutation carriers from nine centers. Associations with breast cancer risk were assessed using Cox models weighted for penetrance. Eight SNPs in BRCA1 carriers and 12 SNPs in BRCA2 carriers, representing an enrichment over the number expected, were significantly associated with breast cancer risk (P(trend) < 0.01). The minor alleles of rs6138178 in SNRPB and rs6602595 in CAMK1D displayed the strongest associations in BRCA1 carriers (HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.69-0.90, P(trend) = 3.6 x 10(-4) and HR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10-1.41, P(trend) = 4.2 x 10(-4)), whereas rs9393597 in LOC134997 and rs12652447 in FBXL7 showed the strongest associations in BRCA2 carriers (HR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.25-1.92, P(trend) = 6 x 10(-5) and HR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.16-1.62, P(trend) = 1.7 x 10(-4)). The magnitude and direction of the associations were consistent with the original GWAS. In subsequent risk assessment studies, the loci appeared to interact multiplicatively for breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. Promising candidate SNPs from GWAS were identified as modifiers of breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. Upon further validation, these SNPs together with other genetic and environmental factors may improve breast cancer risk assessment in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and
| | | | | | - Robert Tarrell
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mary Karaus
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit and
| | | | | | | | - Susan Peock
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit and
| | - Margaret Cook
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit and
| | - Clare Oliver
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit and
| | - Debra Frost
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit and
| | - EMBRACE
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit and
| | - Olga M. Sinilnikova
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon/Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- INSERM U509, Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- Equipe labellisée LIGUE 2008, UMR5201 CNRS, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Claude Houdayer
- INSERM U509, Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - GEMO
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon/Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- INSERM U509, Service de Génétique Oncologique, Institut Curie, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Frans B.L. Hogervorst
- Department of Pathology, Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje J. Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus, The Netherlands
| | | | - HEBON
- Department of Pathology, Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda Spurdle
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | | | - kConFab
- kConFab (Kathleen Cunningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer), Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Rita K. Schmutzler
- Center of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Center of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michal Zikan
- Department of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kathleen Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gilles Thomas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert N. Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David J. Hunter
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA and
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Advanced Technology Center, National Cancer Institute, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit and
| | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit and
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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White KL, Sellers TA, Fridley BL, Vierkant RA, Phelan CM, Tsai YY, Kalli KR, Berchuck A, Iversen ES, Hartmann LC, Liebow M, Armasu S, Fredericksen Z, Larson MC, Duggan D, Couch FJ, Schildkraut JM, Cunningham JM, Goode EL. Variation at 8q24 and 9p24 and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Twin Res Hum Genet 2010; 13:43-56. [PMID: 20158306 DOI: 10.1375/twin.13.1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The chromosome 8q24 region (specifically, 8q24.21.a) is known to harbor variants associated with risk of breast, colorectal, prostate, and bladder cancers. In 2008, variants rs10505477 and rs6983267 in this region were associated with increased risk of invasive ovarian cancer (p < 0.01); however, three subsequent ovarian cancer reports of 8q24 variants were null. Here, we used a multi-site case-control study of 940 ovarian cancer cases and 1,041 controls to evaluate associations between these and other single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in this 8q24 region, as well as in the 9p24 colorectal cancer associated-region (specifically, 9p24.1.b). A total of 35 SNPs from previous reports and additional tagging SNPs were assessed using an Illumina GoldenGate array and analyzed using logistic regression models, adjusting for population structure and other potential confounders. We observed no association between genotypes and risk of ovarian cancer considering all cases, invasive cases, or invasive serous cases. For example, at 8q24 SNPs rs10505477 and rs6983267, analyses yielded per-allele invasive cancer odds ratios of 0.95 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82-1.09, p trend 0.46) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.84-1.12, p trend 0.69), respectively. Analyses using an approach identical to that of the first positive 8q24 report also yielded no association with risk of ovarian cancer. In the 9p24 region, no SNPs were associated with risk of ovarian cancer overall or with invasive or invasive serous disease (all p values > 0.10). These results indicate that the SNPs studied here are not related to risk of this gynecologic malignancy and that the site-specific nature of 8q24.21.a associations may not include ovarian cancer.
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Antoniou AC, Sinilnikova OM, McGuffog L, Healey S, Nevanlinna H, Heikkinen T, Simard J, Spurdle AB, Beesley J, Chen X, Neuhausen SL, Ding YC, Couch FJ, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Peterlongo P, Peissel B, Bonanni B, Viel A, Bernard L, Radice P, Szabo CI, Foretova L, Zikan M, Claes K, Greene MH, Mai PL, Rennert G, Lejbkowicz F, Andrulis IL, Ozcelik H, Glendon G, Gerdes AM, Thomassen M, Sunde L, Caligo MA, Laitman Y, Kontorovich T, Cohen S, Kaufman B, Dagan E, Baruch RG, Friedman E, Harbst K, Barbany-Bustinza G, Rantala J, Ehrencrona H, Karlsson P, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Osorio A, Blanco I, Lasa A, Benítez J, Hamann U, Hogervorst FBL, Rookus MA, Collee JM, Devilee P, Ligtenberg MJ, van der Luijt RB, Aalfs CM, Waisfisz Q, Wijnen J, van Roozendaal CEP, Peock S, Cook M, Frost D, Oliver C, Platte R, Evans DG, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Izatt L, Davidson R, Chu C, Eccles D, Cole T, Hodgson S, Godwin AK, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Buecher B, Léoné M, Bressac-de Paillerets B, Remenieras A, Caron O, Lenoir GM, Sevenet N, Longy M, Ferrer SF, Prieur F, Goldgar D, Miron A, John EM, Buys SS, Daly MB, Hopper JL, Terry MB, Yassin Y, Singer C, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Staudigl C, Hansen TVO, Barkardottir RB, Kirchhoff T, Pal P, Kosarin K, Offit K, Piedmonte M, Rodriguez GC, Wakeley K, Boggess JF, Basil J, Schwartz PE, Blank SV, Toland AE, Montagna M, Casella C, Imyanitov EN, Allavena A, Schmutzler RK, Versmold B, Engel C, Meindl A, Ditsch N, Arnold N, Niederacher D, Deissler H, Fiebig B, Suttner C, Schönbuchner I, Gadzicki D, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Pooley KA, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G. Common variants in LSP1, 2q35 and 8q24 and breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18:4442-56. [PMID: 19656774 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddp372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies of breast cancer have identified multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with increased breast cancer risks in the general population. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the minor alleles at three of these SNPs, in FGFR2, TNRC9 and MAP3K1, also confer increased risks of breast cancer for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. Three additional SNPs rs3817198 at LSP1, rs13387042 at 2q35 and rs13281615 at 8q24 have since been reported to be associated with breast cancer in the general population, and in this study we evaluated their association with breast cancer risk in 9442 BRCA1 and 5665 BRCA2 mutation carriers from 33 study centres. The minor allele of rs3817198 was associated with increased breast cancer risk only for BRCA2 mutation carriers [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07-1.25, P-trend = 2.8 x 10(-4)]. The best fit for the association of SNP rs13387042 at 2q35 with breast cancer risk was a dominant model for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (BRCA1: HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04-1.25, P = 0.0047; BRCA2: HR = 1.18 95% CI: 1.04-1.33, P = 0.0079). SNP rs13281615 at 8q24 was not associated with breast cancer for either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers, but the estimated association for BRCA2 mutation carriers (per-allele HR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.98-1.14) was consistent with odds ratio estimates derived from population-based case-control studies. The LSP1 and 2q35 SNPs appear to interact multiplicatively on breast cancer risk for BRCA2 mutation carriers. There was no evidence that the associations vary by mutation type depending on whether the mutated protein is predicted to be stable or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis C Antoniou
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Milne RL, Benítez J, Nevanlinna H, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Arias JI, Zamora MP, Burwinkel B, Bartram CR, Meindl A, Schmutzler RK, Cox A, Brock I, Elliott G, Reed MWR, Southey MC, Smith L, Spurdle AB, Hopper JL, Couch FJ, Olson JE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Schürmann P, Bremer M, Hillemanns P, Dörk T, Devilee P, van Asperen CJ, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve C, Hall P, Czene K, Liu J, Li Y, Ahmed S, Dunning AM, Maranian M, Pharoah PDP, Chenevix-Trench G, Beesley J, Bogdanova NV, Antonenkova NN, Zalutsky IV, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Brauch H, Justenhoven C, Ko YD, Haas S, Fasching PA, Strick R, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Giles GG, Severi G, Baglietto L, English DR, Fletcher O, Johnson N, dos Santos Silva I, Peto J, Turnbull C, Hines S, Renwick A, Rahman N, Nordestgaard BG, Bojesen SE, Flyger H, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Kosma VM, García-Closas M, Chanock S, Lissowska J, Brinton LA, Chang-Claude J, Wang-Gohrke S, Shen CY, Wang HC, Yu JC, Chen ST, Bermisheva M, Nikolaeva T, Khusnutdinova E, Humphreys MK, Morrison J, Platte R, Easton DF. Risk of estrogen receptor-positive and -negative breast cancer and single-nucleotide polymorphism 2q35-rs13387042. J Natl Cancer Inst 2009; 101:1012-8. [PMID: 19567422 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djp167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent genome-wide association study identified single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 2q35-rs13387042 as a marker of susceptibility to estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. We attempted to confirm this association using the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. METHODS 2q35-rs13387042 SNP was genotyped for 31 510 women with invasive breast cancer, 1101 women with ductal carcinoma in situ, and 35 969 female control subjects from 25 studies. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for study. Heterogeneity in odds ratios by each of age, ethnicity, and study was assessed by fitting interaction terms. Heterogeneity by each of invasiveness, family history, bilaterality, and hormone receptor status was assessed by subclassifying case patients and applying polytomous logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS We found strong evidence of association between rs13387042 and breast cancer in white women of European origin (per-allele OR = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09 to 1.15; P(trend) = 1.0 x 10(-19)). The odds ratio was lower than that previously reported (P = .02) and did not vary by age or ethnicity (all P > or = .2). However, it was higher when the analysis was restricted to case patients who were selected for a strong family history (P = .02). An association was observed for both ER-positive (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.10 to 1.17; P = 10(-15)) and ER-negative disease (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.15; P = .0003) and both progesterone receptor (PR)-positive (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.19; P = 5 x 10(-14)) and PR-negative disease (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.15; P = .00002). CONCLUSION The rs13387042 is associated with both ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer in European women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Milne
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 29029 Madrid, Spain.
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Ahmed S, Thomas G, Ghoussaini M, Healey CS, Humphreys MK, Platte R, Morrison J, Maranian M, Pooley KA, Luben R, Eccles D, Evans DG, Fletcher O, Johnson N, dos Santos Silva I, Peto J, Stratton MR, Rahman N, Jacobs K, Prentice R, Anderson GL, Rajkovic A, Curb JD, Ziegler RG, Berg CD, Buys SS, McCarty CA, Feigelson HS, Calle EE, Thun MJ, Diver WR, Bojesen S, Nordestgaard BG, Flyger H, Dörk T, Schürmann P, Hillemanns P, Karstens JH, Bogdanova NV, Antonenkova NN, Zalutsky IV, Bermisheva M, Fedorova S, Khusnutdinova E, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Ahn SH, Devilee P, van Asperen CJ, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve C, Garcia-Closas M, Lissowska J, Brinton L, Peplonska B, Nevanlinna H, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Hopper JL, Southey MC, Smith L, Spurdle AB, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, van Hien RR, Cornelissen S, Milne RL, Ribas G, González-Neira A, Benitez J, Schmutzler RK, Burwinkel B, Bartram CR, Meindl A, Brauch H, Justenhoven C, Hamann U, Chang-Claude J, Hein R, Wang-Gohrke S, Lindblom A, Margolin S, Mannermaa A, Kosma VM, Kataja V, Olson JE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Giles GG, Severi G, Baglietto L, English DR, Hankinson SE, Cox DG, Kraft P, Vatten LJ, Hveem K, Kumle M, Sigurdson A, Doody M, Bhatti P, Alexander BH, Hooning MJ, van den Ouweland AMW, Oldenburg RA, Schutte M, Hall P, Czene K, Liu J, Li Y, Cox A, Elliott G, Brock I, Reed MWR, Shen CY, Yu JC, Hsu GC, Chen ST, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Andrulis IL, Knight JA, Beesley J, Goode EL, Couch F, Chenevix-Trench G, Hoover RN, Ponder BAJ, Hunter DJ, Pharoah PDP, Dunning AM, Chanock SJ, Easton DF. Newly discovered breast cancer susceptibility loci on 3p24 and 17q23.2. Nat Genet 2009; 41:585-90. [PMID: 19330027 PMCID: PMC2748125 DOI: 10.1038/ng.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 405] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Accepted: 02/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified seven breast cancer susceptibility loci, but these explain only a small fraction of the familial risk of the disease. Five of these loci were identified through a two-stage GWAS involving 390 familial cases and 364 controls in the first stage, and 3,990 cases and 3,916 controls in the second stage. To identify additional loci, we tested over 800 promising associations from this GWAS in a further two stages involving 37,012 cases and 40,069 controls from 33 studies in the CGEMS collaboration and Breast Cancer Association Consortium. We found strong evidence for additional susceptibility loci on 3p (rs4973768: per-allele OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.08-1.13, P = 4.1 x 10(-23)) and 17q (rs6504950: per-allele OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.92-0.97, P = 1.4 x 10(-8)). Potential causative genes include SLC4A7 and NEK10 on 3p and COX11 on 17q.
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Johnatty SE, Couch FJ, Fredericksen Z, Tarrell R, Spurdle AB, Beesley J, Chen X, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Singer CF, Fuerhauser C, Fink-Retter A, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Pankratz VS, Lindor NM, Godwin AK, Caligo MA, Hopper J, Southey MC, Giles GG, Justenhoven C, Brauch H, Hamann U, Ko YD, Heikkinen T, Aaltonen K, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Nevanlinna H, Hall P, Czene K, Liu J, Peock S, Cook M, Platte R, Gareth Evans D, Lalloo F, Eeles R, Pichert G, Eccles D, Davidson R, Cole T, Cook J, Douglas F, Chu C, Hodgson S, Paterson J, Hogervorst FBL, Rookus MA, Seynaeve C, Wijnen J, Vreeswijk M, Ligtenberg M, van der Luijt RB, van Os TAM, Gille HJP, Blok MJ, Issacs C, Humphreys MK, McGuffog L, Healey S, Sinilnikova O, Antoniou AC, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G. No evidence that GATA3 rs570613 SNP modifies breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008; 117:371-9. [PMID: 19082709 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-008-0257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2008] [Accepted: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) is a transcription factor that is crucial to mammary gland morphogenesis and differentiation of progenitor cells, and has been suggested to have a tumor suppressor function. The rs570613 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in intron 4 of GATA3 was previously found to be associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk in the Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility project and in pooled analysis of two case-control studies from Norway and Poland (P (trend) = 0.004), with some evidence for a stronger association with estrogen receptor (ER) negative tumours [Garcia-Closas M et al. (2007) Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16:2269-2275]. We genotyped GATA3 rs570613 in 6,388 cases and 4,995 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) and 5,617 BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). We found no association between this SNP and breast cancer risk in BCAC cases overall (OR(per-allele) = 1.00, 95% CI 0.94-1.05), in ER negative BCAC cases (OR(per-allele) = 1.02, 95% CI 0.91-1.13), in BRCA1 mutation carriers RR(per-allele) = 0.99, 95% CI 0.90-1.09) or BRCA2 mutation carriers (RR(per-allele) = 0.93, 95% CI 0.80-1.07). We conclude that there is no evidence that either GATA3 rs570613, or any variant in strong linkage disequilibrium with it, is associated with breast cancer risk in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon E Johnatty
- Cancer and Cell Biology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, c/o Royal Brisbane Hospital Post Office, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
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Ji Y, Olson J, Zhang J, Hildebrandt M, Wang L, Ingle J, Fredericksen Z, Sellers T, Miller W, Dixon JM, Brauch H, Eichelbaum M, Justenhoven C, Hamann U, Ko Y, Brüning T, Chang-Claude J, Wang-Gohrke S, Schaid D, Weinshilboum R. Breast cancer risk reduction and membrane-bound catechol O-methyltransferase genetic polymorphisms. Cancer Res 2008; 68:5997-6005. [PMID: 18632656 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT)-catalyzed methylation of catecholestrogens has been proposed to play a protective role in estrogen-induced genotoxic carcinogenesis. We have taken a comprehensive approach to test the hypothesis that genetic variation in COMT might influence breast cancer risk. Fifteen COMT single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) selected on the basis of in-depth resequencing of the COMT gene were genotyped in 1,482 DNA samples from a Mayo Clinic breast cancer case control study. Two common SNPs in the distal promoter for membrane-bound (MB) COMT, rs2020917 and rs737865, were associated with breast cancer risk reduction in premenopausal women in the Mayo Clinic study, with allele-specific odds ratios (OR) of 0.70 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.52-0.95] and 0.68 (95% CI, 0.51-0.92), respectively. These two SNPs were then subjected to functional genomic analysis and were genotyped in an additional 3,683 DNA samples from two independent case control studies (GENICA and GESBC). Functional genomic experiments showed that these SNPs could up-regulate transcription and that they altered DNA-protein binding patterns. Furthermore, substrate kinetic and exon array analyses suggested a role for MB-COMT in catecholestrogen inactivation. The GENICA results were similar to the Mayo case control observations, with ORs of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.72-1.00) and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.72-1.01) for the two SNPs. No significant effect was observed in the GESBC study. These studies showed that two SNPs in the COMT distal promoter were associated with breast cancer risk reduction in two of three case control studies, compatible with the results of functional genomic experiments, suggesting a role for MB-COMT in breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ji
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Sellers TA, Vachon CM, Pankratz VS, Janney CA, Fredericksen Z, Brandt KR, Huang Y, Couch FJ, Kushi LH, Cerhan JR. Association of childhood and adolescent anthropometric factors, physical activity, and diet with adult mammographic breast density. Am J Epidemiol 2007; 166:456-64. [PMID: 17548785 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwm112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-life exposures may influence the development of breast cancer. The authors examined the association of childhood and adolescent anthropometric factors, physical activity levels, and diet with adult mammographic breast density, a strong risk factor for breast cancer. Women in the Minnesota Breast Cancer Family Study cohort who had undergone mammograms but had not had breast cancer (n=1,893) formed the sample. Information on adolescent exposures, including relative height, weight, and physical activity at ages 7, 12, and 18 years and diet at age 12-13 years, was self-reported during two follow-up studies (1990-2003). Mammographic percent density was estimated using a computer-assisted thresholding program. Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed-effects models with two-sided tests. Positive associations with height at ages 7 (p<0.001), 12 (p<0.001), and 18 (p<0.001) years and percent density were evident overall and within menopausal status categories. The minimum difference in percent density between the tallest and shortest girls was 3 percent, with a maximum of 7 percent. Weight at age 12 years (p=0.005) and adiposity at age 12 years (p=0.005) were both inversely associated with adult percent density. Adolescent physical activity and diet were unrelated to percent density. These results suggest that adolescent height, a known risk factor for breast cancer, is also associated with mammographic percent density.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Sellers
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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