1
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Yebra M, Scortechini G, Adeline K, Aktepe N, Almoustafa T, Bar-Massada A, Beget ME, Boer M, Bradstock R, Brown T, Castro FX, Chen R, Chuvieco E, Danson M, Değirmenci CÜ, Delgado-Dávila R, Dennison P, Di Bella C, Domenech O, Féret JB, Forsyth G, Gabriel E, Gagkas Z, Gharbi F, Granda E, Griebel A, He B, Jolly M, Kotzur I, Kraaij T, Kristina A, Kütküt P, Limousin JM, Martín MP, Monteiro AT, Morais M, Moreira B, Mouillot F, Msweli S, Nolan RH, Pellizzaro G, Qi Y, Quan X, Resco de Dios V, Roberts D, Tavşanoğlu Ç, Taylor AFS, Taylor J, Tüfekcioğlu İ, Ventura A, Younes Cardenas N. Globe-LFMC 2.0, an enhanced and updated dataset for live fuel moisture content research. Sci Data 2024; 11:332. [PMID: 38575621 PMCID: PMC10995118 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Globe-LFMC 2.0, an updated version of Globe-LFMC, is a comprehensive dataset of over 280,000 Live Fuel Moisture Content (LFMC) measurements. These measurements were gathered through field campaigns conducted in 15 countries spanning 47 years. In contrast to its prior version, Globe-LFMC 2.0 incorporates over 120,000 additional data entries, introduces more than 800 new sampling sites, and comprises LFMC values obtained from samples collected until the calendar year 2023. Each entry within the dataset provides essential information, including date, geographical coordinates, plant species, functional type, and, where available, topographical details. Moreover, the dataset encompasses insights into the sampling and weighing procedures, as well as information about land cover type and meteorological conditions at the time and location of each sampling event. Globe-LFMC 2.0 can facilitate advanced LFMC research, supporting studies on wildfire behaviour, physiological traits, ecological dynamics, and land surface modelling, whether remote sensing-based or otherwise. This dataset represents a valuable resource for researchers exploring the diverse LFMC aspects, contributing to the broader field of environmental and ecological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Yebra
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
- School of Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | - Gianluca Scortechini
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Karine Adeline
- ONERA / DOTA, Université de Toulouse, F-31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Nursema Aktepe
- Department of Biology, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Türkiye
| | - Turkia Almoustafa
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
- Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Geography Department, Tishreen University, Tishreen, Syria
| | - Avi Bar-Massada
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Haifa at Oranim, Kiryat Tivon, 36066, Israel
| | | | - Matthias Boer
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Tegan Brown
- US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, 5775 Highway 10 West, Missoula, 59803, MT, USA
| | - Francesc Xavier Castro
- Servei de Prevenció d'Incendis Forestals (Generalitat de Catalunya), Santa Perpètua de Mogoda, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan, China
| | - Emilio Chuvieco
- Department of Geology, Geography and the Environment, University of Alcalá, Colegios 2, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Mark Danson
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Cihan Ünal Değirmenci
- Division of Ecology, Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ruth Delgado-Dávila
- Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO, Crta. de St. Llorenç de Morunys, km 2, E, 25280, Solsona, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Philip Dennison
- Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Carlos Di Bella
- IFEVA-CONICET, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oriol Domenech
- Centre Forestal de les Illes Balears (CEFOR-Menut), Forest Management Service (Government of the Balearic Islands), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | | | - Eva Gabriel
- Servei de Prevenció d'Incendis Forestals (Generalitat de Catalunya), Santa Perpètua de Mogoda, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zisis Gagkas
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Fatma Gharbi
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Elena Granda
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Anne Griebel
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Binbin He
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan, China
| | - Matt Jolly
- RMRS, Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory, USFS, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 5775 Hwy 10 W Missoula, Missoula, MT, 59808, USA
| | - Ivan Kotzur
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Tineke Kraaij
- Nelson Mandela University, School of Natural Resource Management, George, South Africa
| | | | - Pınar Kütküt
- Division of Ecology, Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Türkiye
| | | | - M Pilar Martín
- Environmental Remote Sensing and Spectroscopy Laboratory (SpecLab), IEGD, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio T Monteiro
- Centro de Estudos Geográficos (CEG) and Laboratório Associado TERRA, Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território (IGOT), Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Edmée Marques, 1600-276, Lisboa, Portugal
- Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-IGG), Via Moruzzi 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Morais
- Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA
| | - Bruno Moreira
- Department of Ecology and Global Change. Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CIDE-CSIC/UV/GV). Carretera Moncada-Náquera km 4, 5 s/n, E-46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Florent Mouillot
- IRD, CEFE/CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Samukelisiwe Msweli
- Natural Resource Science and Management Cluster, Nelson Mandela University, George, South Africa
| | - Rachael H Nolan
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Grazia Pellizzaro
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, (CNR-IBE), Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Yi Qi
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xingwen Quan
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Dar Roberts
- Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA
| | - Çağatay Tavşanoğlu
- Division of Ecology, Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Andy F S Taylor
- Ecological Sciences Department. The James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Jackson Taylor
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - İrem Tüfekcioğlu
- Division of Ecology, Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Andrea Ventura
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, (CNR-IBE), Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicolas Younes Cardenas
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Gale MG, Cary GJ, van Dijk AIJM, Yebra M. Untangling fuel, weather and management effects on fire severity: Insights from large-sample LiDAR remote sensing analysis of conditions preceding the 2019-20 Australian wildfires. J Environ Manage 2023; 348:119474. [PMID: 37925987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation of fire severity reduction strategies requires the quantification of intervention outcomes and, more broadly, the extent to which fuel characteristics affect fire severity. However, investigations are currently limited by the availability of accurate data on fire severity predictors, particularly relating to fuel. Here, we used airborne LiDAR data collected before the 2019-20 Australian Black Summer fires to investigate the contribution of fuel structure to fire severity under a range of weather conditions. Fire severity was estimated using the Relative Burn Ratio calculated from Sentinel-2 optical remote sensing imagery. We modelled the effects of various fuel structure estimates and other environmental predictors using Random Forest models. In addition to variables estimated at each observation point, we investigated the influence of surrounding landscape characteristics using an innovative method to estimate fireline progression direction. Our models explained 63-76% of fire severity variance using parsimonious predictor sets. Fuel cover in the understorey and canopy, and vertical vegetation heterogeneity, were positively associated with fire severity. Up-fire burnt area and recent planned and unplanned fire reduced fire severity, whereby unplanned fire provided a longer-lasting reduction of fire severity (up to 15 years) than planned fire (up to 10 years). Although fuel structure and land management effects were important predictors, weather and canopy height effects were dominant. By mapping continuous interactions between weather and fuel-related variables, we found strong evidence of diminishing fuel effects below 20-40% relative air humidity. While our findings suggest that land management interventions can provide meaningful fire severity reduction, they also highlight the risk of warmer and drier future climates constraining these advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Gale
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Geoffrey J Cary
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Albert I J M van Dijk
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Marta Yebra
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia; School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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3
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Abdollahi A, Yebra M. Forest fuel type classification: Review of remote sensing techniques, constraints and future trends. J Environ Manage 2023; 342:118315. [PMID: 37290304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Improved forest management plans require a better understanding of wildfire risk and behavior to enhance the conservation of biodiversity and plan effective risk mitigation activities across the landscape. More particularly, for spatial fire hazard and risk assessing as well as fire intensity and growth modeling across a landscape, an adequate knowledge of the spatial distribution of key forest fuels attributes is required. Mapping fuel attributes is a challenging and complicated procedure because fuels are highly variable and complex. To simplify, classification schemes are used to summarize the large number of fuel attributes (e.g., height, density, continuity, arrangement, size, form, etc.) into fuel types which groups vegetation classes with a similar predicted fire behavior. Remote sensing is a cost-effective and objective technology that have been used to regularly map fuel types and have demonstrated greater success compared to traditional field surveys, especially with recent advancements in remote sensing data acquisition and fusion techniques. Thus, the main goal of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive review of the recent remote sensing approaches used for fuel type classification. We build on findings from previous review manuscripts and focus on identifying the key challenges of different mapping approaches and the research gaps that still need to be filled in. To improve classification outcomes, more research into developing state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms with integrated remote sensing data sources is encouraged for future research. This review can be used as a guideline for practitioners, researchers, and decision-makers in the domain of fire management service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Abdollahi
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, College of Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | - Marta Yebra
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, College of Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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4
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Dickman LT, Jonko AK, Linn RR, Altintas I, Atchley AL, Bär A, Collins AD, Dupuy J, Gallagher MR, Hiers JK, Hoffman CM, Hood SM, Hurteau MD, Jolly WM, Josephson A, Loudermilk EL, Ma W, Michaletz ST, Nolan RH, O'Brien JJ, Parsons RA, Partelli‐Feltrin R, Pimont F, Resco de Dios V, Restaino J, Robbins ZJ, Sartor KA, Schultz‐Fellenz E, Serbin SP, Sevanto S, Shuman JK, Sieg CH, Skowronski NS, Weise DR, Wright M, Xu C, Yebra M, Younes N. Integrating plant physiology into simulation of fire behavior and effects. New Phytol 2023; 238:952-970. [PMID: 36694296 PMCID: PMC10952334 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wildfires are a global crisis, but current fire models fail to capture vegetation response to changing climate. With drought and elevated temperature increasing the importance of vegetation dynamics to fire behavior, and the advent of next generation models capable of capturing increasingly complex physical processes, we provide a renewed focus on representation of woody vegetation in fire models. Currently, the most advanced representations of fire behavior and biophysical fire effects are found in distinct classes of fine-scale models and do not capture variation in live fuel (i.e. living plant) properties. We demonstrate that plant water and carbon dynamics, which influence combustion and heat transfer into the plant and often dictate plant survival, provide the mechanistic linkage between fire behavior and effects. Our conceptual framework linking remotely sensed estimates of plant water and carbon to fine-scale models of fire behavior and effects could be a critical first step toward improving the fidelity of the coarse scale models that are now relied upon for global fire forecasting. This process-based approach will be essential to capturing the influence of physiological responses to drought and warming on live fuel conditions, strengthening the science needed to guide fire managers in an uncertain future.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Turin Dickman
- Earth & Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Alexandra K. Jonko
- Earth & Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Rodman R. Linn
- Earth & Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Ilkay Altintas
- San Diego Supercomputer Center and Halicioglu Data Science InstituteUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Adam L. Atchley
- Earth & Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Andreas Bär
- Department of BotanyUniversity of Innsbruck6020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Adam D. Collins
- Earth & Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Jean‐Luc Dupuy
- Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM)INRAe84914AvignonFrance
| | | | | | - Chad M. Hoffman
- Department of Forest and Rangeland StewardshipColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA
| | - Sharon M. Hood
- Rocky Mountain Research StationUSDA Forest ServiceMissoulaMT59801USA
| | | | - W. Matt Jolly
- Rocky Mountain Research StationUSDA Forest ServiceMissoulaMT59801USA
| | - Alexander Josephson
- Earth & Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | | | - Wu Ma
- Earth & Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Sean T. Michaletz
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research CentreThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCV6T 1Z4Canada
| | - Rachael H. Nolan
- Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney UniversityPenrithNSW2753Australia
- NSW Bushfire Risk Management Research HubWollongongNSW2522Australia
| | | | | | - Raquel Partelli‐Feltrin
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research CentreThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCV6T 1Z4Canada
| | - François Pimont
- Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM)INRAe84914AvignonFrance
| | - Víctor Resco de Dios
- School of Life Sciences and EngineeringSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang621010China
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences and JRU CTFC‐AGROTECNIOUniversitat de LleidaLleida25198Spain
| | - Joseph Restaino
- Fire and Resource Assessment ProgramCalifornia Department of Forestry and Fire ProtectionSouth Lake TahoeCA96155USA
| | - Zachary J. Robbins
- Earth & Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Karla A. Sartor
- Environmental Protection and Compliance DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Emily Schultz‐Fellenz
- Earth & Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Shawn P. Serbin
- Environmental and Climate Sciences DepartmentBrookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY11973USA
| | - Sanna Sevanto
- Earth & Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Jacquelyn K. Shuman
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, Terrestrial Sciences SectionNational Center for Atmospheric ResearchBoulderCO80305USA
| | - Carolyn H. Sieg
- Rocky Mountain Research StationUSDA Forest ServiceFlagstaffAZ86001USA
| | | | - David R. Weise
- Pacific Southwest Research StationUSDA Forest ServiceRiversideCA92507USA
| | - Molly Wright
- Cibola National ForestUSDA Forest ServiceAlbuquerqueNM87113USA
| | - Chonggang Xu
- Earth & Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Marta Yebra
- Fenner School of Environment and SocietyAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia
- School of EngineeringAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia
| | - Nicolas Younes
- Fenner School of Environment and SocietyAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia
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Griebel A, Boer MM, Blackman C, Choat B, Ellsworth DS, Madden P, Medlyn B, Resco de Dios V, Wujeska‐Klause A, Yebra M, Younes Cardenas N, Nolan RH. Specific leaf area and vapour pressure deficit control live fuel moisture content. Funct Ecol 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Griebel
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith Australia
- NSW Bushfire Risk Management Research Hub Wollongong Australia
| | - Matthias M. Boer
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith Australia
- NSW Bushfire Risk Management Research Hub Wollongong Australia
| | - Chris Blackman
- School of Biological Science University of Tasmania Hobart Australia
| | - Brendan Choat
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith Australia
| | - David S. Ellsworth
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith Australia
| | - Paul Madden
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith Australia
| | - Belinda Medlyn
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith Australia
| | - Víctor Resco de Dios
- Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO - CERCA Center Lleida Spain
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, Universitat de Lleida Lleida Spain
| | | | - Marta Yebra
- Fenner School of Environment & Society Australian National University Canberra Australia
- School of Engineering Australian National University Canberra Australia
| | | | - Rachael H. Nolan
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith Australia
- NSW Bushfire Risk Management Research Hub Wollongong Australia
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lindenmayer
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Philip Zylstra
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marta Yebra
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.,School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,ANU-Optus Bushfire Research Centre of Excellence, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
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7
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Rao K, Williams AP, Diffenbaugh NS, Yebra M, Konings AG. Plant-water sensitivity regulates wildfire vulnerability. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:332-339. [PMID: 35132185 PMCID: PMC8913365 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-021-01654-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Extreme wildfires extensively impact human health and the environment. Increasing vapour pressure deficit (VPD) has led to a chronic increase in wildfire area in the western United States, yet some regions have been more affected than others. Here we show that for the same increase in VPD, burned area increases more in regions where vegetation moisture shows greater sensitivity to water limitation (plant-water sensitivity; R2 = 0.71). This has led to rapid increases in human exposure to wildfire risk, both because the population living in areas with high plant-water sensitivity grew 50% faster during 1990–2010 than in other wildland–urban interfaces and because VPD has risen most rapidly in these vulnerable areas. As plant-water sensitivity is strongly linked to wildfire vulnerability, accounting for ecophysiological controls should improve wildfire forecasts. If recent trends in VPD and demographic shifts continue, human wildfire risk will probably continue to increase. The authors show that an ecosystem’s sensitivity to drought, measured as the amount of change in vegetation moisture content for a given change in background moisture, predicts the fire hazard in that location.
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8
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Resco de Dios V, Cunill Camprubí À, Pérez-Zanón N, Peña JC, Martínez Del Castillo E, Rodrigues M, Yao Y, Yebra M, Vega-García C, Boer MM. Convergence in critical fuel moisture and fire weather thresholds associated with fire activity in the pyroregions of Mediterranean Europe. Sci Total Environ 2022; 806:151462. [PMID: 34742803 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wildfires are becoming an increasing threat to many communities worldwide. There has been substantial progress towards understanding the proximal causes of increased fire activity in recent years at regional and national scales. However, subcontinental scale examinations of the commonalities and differences in the drivers of fire activity across different regions are rare in the Mediterranean zone of the European Union (EUMed). Here, we first develop a new classification of EUMed pyroregions, based on grouping different ecoregions with similar seasonal patterns of burned area. We then examine the thresholds associated with fire activity in response to different drivers related to fuel moisture, surface meteorology and atmospheric stability. We document an overarching role for variation in dead fuel moisture content (FMd), or its atmospheric proxy of vapor pressure deficit (VPD), as the major driver of fire activity. A proxy for live fuel moisture content (EVI), wind speed (WS) and the Continuous Haines Index (CH) played secondary, albeit important, roles. There were minor differences in the actual threshold values of FMd (10-12%), EVI (0.29-0.36) and CH (4.9-5.5) associated with the onset of fire activity across pyroregions with peak fire seasons in summer and fall, despite very marked differences in mean annual burned area and fire size range. The average size of fire events increased with the number of drivers exceeding critical thresholds and reaching increasingly extreme values of a driver led to disproportionate increases in the likelihood of a fire becoming a large fire. For instance, the percentage of fires >500 ha increased from 2% to 25% as FMd changed from the wettest to the driest quantile. Our study is among the first to jointly address the roles of fuel moisture, surface meteorology and atmospheric stability on fire activity in EUMed and provides novel insights on the interactions across fire activity triggers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Resco de Dios
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China; Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain.
| | | | | | - Juan Carlos Peña
- Meteorological Service of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain; Fluvalps-PaleoRisk Research Group, Department of Geography, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edurne Martínez Del Castillo
- Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain; Department of Geography, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marcos Rodrigues
- Department of Geography and Land Management, University of Zaragoza, GEOFOREST Group, Spain
| | - Yinan Yao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China.
| | - Marta Yebra
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Cristina Vega-García
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Matthias M Boer
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia
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Resco de Dios V, Hedo J, Cunill Camprubí À, Thapa P, Martínez Del Castillo E, Martínez de Aragón J, Bonet JA, Balaguer-Romano R, Díaz-Sierra R, Yebra M, Boer MM. Climate change induced declines in fuel moisture may turn currently fire-free Pyrenean mountain forests into fire-prone ecosystems. Sci Total Environ 2021; 797:149104. [PMID: 34303242 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fuel moisture limits the availability of fuel to wildfires in many forest areas worldwide, but the effects of climate change on moisture constraints remain largely unknown. Here we addressed how climate affects fuel moisture in pine stands from Catalonia, NE Spain, and the potential effects of increasing climate aridity on burned area in the Pyrenees, a mesic mountainous area where fire is currently rare. We first quantified variation in fuel moisture in six sites distributed across an altitudinal gradient where the long-term mean annual temperature and precipitation vary by 6-15 °C and 395-933 mm, respectively. We observed significant spatial variation in live (78-162%) and dead (10-15%) fuel moisture across sites. The pattern of variation was negatively linked (r = |0.6|-|0.9|) to increases in vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and in the Aridity Index. Using seasonal fire records over 2006-2020, we observed that summer burned area in the Mediterranean forests of Northeast Spain and Southern France was strongly dependent on VPD (r = 0.93), the major driver (and predictor) of dead fuel moisture content (DFMC) at our sites. Based on the difference between VPD thresholds associated with large wildfire seasons in the Mediterranean (3.6 kPa) and the maximum VPD observed in surrounding Pyrenean mountains (3.1 kPa), we quantified the "safety margin" for Pyrenean forests (difference between actual VPD and that associated with large wildfires) at 0.5 kPa. The effects of live fuel moisture content (LFMC) on burned area were not significant under current conditions, a situation that may change with projected increases in climate aridity. Overall, our results indicate that DFMC in currently fire-free areas in Europe, like the Pyrenees, with vast amounts of fuel in many forest stands, may reach critical dryness thresholds beyond the safety margin and experience large wildfires after only mild increases in VPD, although LFMC can modulate the response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Resco de Dios
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China; Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Javier Hedo
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Prakash Thapa
- Master in Mediterranean Forestry, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Juan Martínez de Aragón
- Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya, Solsona, Spain
| | - José Antonio Bonet
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Balaguer-Romano
- Mathematical and Fluid Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén Díaz-Sierra
- Mathematical and Fluid Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Yebra
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Matthias M Boer
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia
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Ramon S, Español A, Yebra M, Morillas JM, Unzurrunzaga R, Freitag K, Gómez S, Aranzabal JR. [Current evidences in shockwave treatment. SETOC (Spanish Society of Shockwave Treatment) recommendations]. Rehabilitacion (Madr) 2021; 55:291-300. [PMID: 33743978 DOI: 10.1016/j.rh.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This SETOC consensus document shows the scientific evidence of the technology in shockwaves (SW) and radial pressure waves (RPW) in a variety of spasticity disorders, musculoskeletal, skin, urological diseases, etc. SW and RPW, without anesthesia, are an effective, safe, non-invasive, cost-effective treatment, which reduces the need for surgery, lower risk of complications, faster recovery and greater acceptability to patients than surgery. Consequently, SW and RPW should be the first therapeutic option in the aforementioned chronic pathologies, when conservative alternatives have failed. SETOC advises to follow the recommendations given in this article, including the ones given by SW scientific societies and best evidence for each technology as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ramon
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Quirónsalud, Barcelona, España.
| | - A Español
- Hospital Universitario Dexeus Quirónsalud, Barcelona, España
| | - M Yebra
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Ourense, España
| | - J M Morillas
- Clínica de Medicina del Deporte, Lorca, Murcia, España
| | - R Unzurrunzaga
- MFR Clínicas MC-Mutual, Hospital Quirónsalud, Barcelona, España
| | - K Freitag
- Clínica DKF. Vocal SETOC y Onlat, Madrid, España
| | - S Gómez
- Unidad Médica de la Dirección Provincial del INSS, A Coruña, España
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Yebra M, Scortechini G, Badi A, Beget ME, Boer MM, Bradstock R, Chuvieco E, Danson FM, Dennison P, Resco de Dios V, Di Bella CM, Forsyth G, Frost P, Garcia M, Hamdi A, He B, Jolly M, Kraaij T, Martín MP, Mouillot F, Newnham G, Nolan RH, Pellizzaro G, Qi Y, Quan X, Riaño D, Roberts D, Sow M, Ustin S. Globe-LFMC, a global plant water status database for vegetation ecophysiology and wildfire applications. Sci Data 2019; 6:155. [PMID: 31434899 PMCID: PMC6704185 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Globe-LFMC is an extensive global database of live fuel moisture content (LFMC) measured from 1,383 sampling sites in 11 countries: Argentina, Australia, China, France, Italy, Senegal, Spain, South Africa, Tunisia, United Kingdom and the United States of America. The database contains 161,717 individual records based on in situ destructive samples used to measure LFMC, representing the amount of water in plant leaves per unit of dry matter. The primary goal of the database is to calibrate and validate remote sensing algorithms used to predict LFMC. However, this database is also relevant for the calibration and validation of dynamic global vegetation models, eco-physiological models of plant water stress as well as understanding the physiological drivers of spatiotemporal variation in LFMC at local, regional and global scales. Globe-LFMC should be useful for studying LFMC trends in response to environmental change and LFMC influence on wildfire occurrence, wildfire behavior, and overall vegetation health. Design Type(s) | database creation objective • cross validation objective • physiological process monitoring objective | Measurement Type(s) | moisture content trait | Technology Type(s) | digital curation | Factor Type(s) | geographic location • environmental feature | Sample Characteristic(s) | Earth (Planet) • United States of America • French Republic |
Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data (ISA-Tab format)
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Yebra
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia. .,Bushfire & Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Gianluca Scortechini
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Abdulbaset Badi
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | | | - Matthias M Boer
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Emilio Chuvieco
- Department of Geology, Geography and the Environment, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Mark Danson
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Philip Dennison
- Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | - Carlos M Di Bella
- Instituto de Clima y Agua, INTA. Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Mariano Garcia
- Department of Geology, Geography and the Environment, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Abdelaziz Hamdi
- Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-Pastorales, Institut Sylvo Pastoral de Tabarka, 8110, Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Binbin He
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan, China
| | - Matt Jolly
- Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, USFS, Montana, USA
| | - Tineke Kraaij
- Nelson Mandela University, School of Natural Resource Management, George, South Africa
| | - M Pilar Martín
- Environmental Remote Sensing and Spectroscopy Laboratory (SpecLab), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Florent Mouillot
- UMR CEFE, CNRS, université de Montpellier, Université Paul Valery Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, 1919 route de mende, 34293, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | - Rachael H Nolan
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Grazia Pellizzaro
- Istituto di Biometeorologia (Sassari) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-IBIMET), Sassari, Italy
| | - Yi Qi
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Xingwen Quan
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan, China
| | - David Riaño
- Environmental Remote Sensing and Spectroscopy Laboratory (SpecLab), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Center for Spatial Technologies and Remote Sensing, UC-Davis, Davis, USA
| | - Dar Roberts
- Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA
| | - Momadou Sow
- Institut des Sciences de l'Environnement (ISE), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Susan Ustin
- Center for Spatial Technologies and Remote Sensing, UC-Davis, Davis, USA
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Chuvieco E, Aguado I, Yebra M, Nieto H, Salas J, Martín MP, Vilar L, Martínez J, Martín S, Ibarra P, de la Riva J, Baeza J, Rodríguez F, Molina JR, Herrera MA, Zamora R. Development of a framework for fire risk assessment using remote sensing and geographic information system technologies. Ecol Modell 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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San Juan R, Yebra M, Lumbreras C, López-Medrano F, Lizasoain M, Meneu JC, Delgado J, Andrés A, Aguado JM. A new strategy of delayed long-term prophylaxis could prevent cytomegalovirus disease in (D+/R-) solid organ transplant recipients. Clin Transplant 2009; 23:666-71. [PMID: 19689451 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2009.01077.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Long-term prophylaxis against cytomegalovirus (CMV) started immediately after transplantation in (D+/R-) poses a higher risk of late-onset CMV disease. Delayed CMV prophylaxis could allow a transitory exposure of the immune system to CMV, which would let the immune system mount an adequate CMV-specific cytotoxic response in (D+/R-) patients and confer protection against CMV disease. We included all (D+/R-) solid organ transplant recipients (SOT) performed at our institution (January 3/October 6) who received CMV prophylaxis (mainly with oral valganciclovir) during 100 d. In the first period (until December 4), prophylaxis was initiated immediately after transplantation (conventional prophylaxis: CP). Since January 5, it was initiated after 14 d (delayed prophylaxis: DP). Incidence and severity of CMV disease was compared between both groups. A total of 44 SOT recipients were included (CP: 26 and DP: 18). CMV disease was diagnosed in eight patients (18%), seven of 26 (27%) in the CP group, and one of 18 (5.5%) in the DP group (p = 0.07). CMV colitis was reported in five of 26 patients in the CP group (19%), whereas there were no cases of visceral CMV disease in the DP group (p = 0.048). A 14-d delay in the beginning of long-term prophylaxis against CMV in (D+/R-) is safe and could prevent the onset of late-CMV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R San Juan
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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España P, Sanchez A, Espinosa P, Massip V, Perez-Maestu R, Yebra M, Hurtado A, Hurtado A, Maximiano C, Salas C, Provencio M. Analysis of competing risks of causes of death and their variation over different time periods in Hodgkin disease. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.18528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
18528 Background: Hodgkin’s disease is put forward as a model of curable illness. However, long-term studies show an excessive mortality in relation to the general population. The only way for detecting these causes are the long-term follow-up clinical studies, even these long-term follow-ups may not be fully representative of current causes of death. Methods: All patients diagnosed with HD at the University Hospital “Clínica Puerta de Hierro” between 1967 and 2003 were included. The competing risks of causes of death and the vital situation were examined in three time periods. Three cohorts were compared: cohort A with patients treated before 1980, B with those treated 1981–1986 and C from 1986 on. Results: We studied 534 patients, with a median follow-up time of 9.1 years for the whole cohort. The 5, 15 and 20-year Kaplan-Meier survival estimates for all patients were 81%, 72% and 65%, respectively. At the close of the study, 337 (63.1%) were alive and 170 (31.8%) had died. In general, the most common cause was the progress of Hodgkin’s disease, followed by deaths due to a second tumor. By time periods, we found statistically significant differences between cohort A and the other two cohorts, with less LD and MC histology, fewer advanced stages and fewer combined treatments in the latter. Between cohorts B and C there were only differences in the histological results, with less LD and MC and increased NS in the latter. Survival was significantly worse in the first period than in the other two (p<0.001) and in the three periods the main cause of death was tumor progression. Conclusions: The progression of Hodgkin’s disease is the main cause of death in all the periods studied. Over time a clear reduction in death related to the toxicity of treatments was seen. In the light of our results, the question is posed as to whether the survival and causes of death series for those patients treated since the 1970s are telling us about a real situation. Patients die now for reasons that are different from in the 1970s and this is important when planning preventive and clinical research activity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. España
- Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Sanchez
- Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - V. Massip
- Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M. Yebra
- Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Hurtado
- Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Hurtado
- Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - C. Salas
- Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Roustan G, Yebra M, Rodriguez-Braojos O, Baños I, Jaurena J, Simón A. Cutaneous and pulmonary sarcoidosis in a patient with HIV after highly active antiretroviral therapy. Int J Dermatol 2007; 46:68-71. [PMID: 17214725 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2006.02545.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Roustan
- Department of Dermatology, Clínica Universitaria Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Pardo Rey C, Yebra M, Borrallo M, Vega A, Ramos A, Montero MC. Irreversible coma, ergotamine, and ritonavir. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37:e72-3. [PMID: 12942422 DOI: 10.1086/376636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2003] [Accepted: 04/25/2003] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first case in the medical literature (to our knowledge) of a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection who was being treated with ritonavir and developed signs of severe vascular involvement and irreversible coma after the administration of 3 mg of ergotamine tartrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pardo Rey
- Intensive Care Unit, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Herreros De Tejada
- Servicio de Medicina Interna I, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
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Yebra M. Design of a field flow preconcentration system for cadmium determination in seawater by flow-injection-atomic absorption spectrometry. Talanta 2002; 56:777-85. [DOI: 10.1016/s0039-9140(01)00636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2001] [Revised: 10/30/2001] [Accepted: 10/30/2001] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yebra M, Barrios Y, Rincón J, Sanjuan I, Díaz-Espada F. Severe cutaneous vasculitis following intravenous infusion of gammaglobulin in a patient with type II mixed cryoglobulinemia. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2002; 20:225-7. [PMID: 12051404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous infusion of gammaglobulins (IVIG) is one of the treatments of choice in patients with type II mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC). We describe the case of a patient with MC who suffered an adverse generalised reaction with severe cutaneous vasculitis accompanied by a sudden increase in cryocrit levels shortly after being treated with IVIG. When the same gammaglobulin preparation was added in vitro to a sample of the patient's serum, a strong increment in cryoglobulin precipitation and depletion of the monoclonal IgM peak resulted. We suggest that this simple method of studying the displacement of the precipitation reaction could help to predict the outcome of treatment and must be performed before starting IVIG in patients with MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yebra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Provencio P, España P, Millan I, Sanchez A, Cantos B, Yebra M, Vargas J, Roman F, Miralles C, Bonilla B. Early Hodgkin's disease: treatment without radiotherapy. Eur J Cancer 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(01)80810-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sánchez-Recalde A, Maté I, López E, Yebra M, Merino JL, Perea J, Téllez A, Sobrino JA. [Coxiella burnetii endocarditis: long-term clinical course in 20 patients]. Rev Esp Cardiol 2000; 53:940-6. [PMID: 10944993 DOI: 10.1157/10480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Coxiella burnetii is a causative agent of increasingly frequent subacute infective endocarditis, and is associated with elevated morbimortality. Our aim in the present study was to assess the clinical, serological and therapeutic long-term evolution of 20 patients with Coxiella burnetii endocarditis. METHODS Twenty patients (13 male and 7 female, age 42 +/- 10 years) admitted between 1982 and 1996 were retrospectively studied. All of them fulfilled the Duke criteria modified by Raoult for Q fever endocarditis. RESULTS Endocarditis involved prosthetic and native valves in 14 and 6 patients, respectively. All patients except one received antibiotic treatment. Patients treated with doxycycline in monotherapy showed worse evolution than those treated with doxycycline in combination with other antibiotics. Valve replacement was performed in 15 patients, due to prosthetic dysfunction in most of them. The overall mortality was 40% (8 patients). At follow-up of 74 months (range 19-156) (mean 74 +/- 47) all patients showed persistent high levels of phase I antibodies. At follow-up of 15 to 65 months (32 +/- 30) antibiotic treatment was suspended in five patients because they were asymptomatic and without microbiologic findings of valvular endocarditis. CONCLUSIONS Q fever endocarditis was associated with severe complications, which often required valve replacement. All patients showed persistent high serological titers of Coxiella burnetii endocarditis without other signs of active infection. This finding raises the issue of suspending antibiotic treatment in patients with negative microbiologic findings and questions the persistence of abnormal serology as a monitor of treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sánchez-Recalde
- Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid.
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Muñoz RM, Alonso-Pulpón L, Yebra M, Segovia J, Gallego JC, Daza RM. Intestinal involvement by nontuberculous mycobacteria after heart transplantation. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30:603-5. [PMID: 10722455 DOI: 10.1086/313711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R M Muñoz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
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Calleja JL, Albillos A, Moreno-Otero R, Rossi I, Cacho G, Domper F, Yebra M, Escartín P. Sustained response to interferon-alpha or to interferon-alpha plus ribavirin in hepatitis C virus-associated symptomatic mixed cryoglobulinaemia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999; 13:1179-86. [PMID: 10468699 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00581.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been associated with mixed cryoglobulinaemia. AIM To investigate the efficacy of anti-viral therapy on the eradication of HCV and its clinical manifestations in patients with HCV-associated symptomatic mixed cryoglobulinaemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS 18 out of 32 patients with symptomatic mixed cryoglobulinaemia (MC group) received a 12-month course of interferon (3 MU three times a week, subcutaneously). Nonresponders or relapsers to this therapy were treated with interferon plus ribavirin (1200 mg/day, orally) for 12-months. 226 patients with HCV infection and without cryoglobulins were studied in comparison (Hepatitis C group). Serial quantification of serum HCV-RNA and cryoglobulins were performed. RESULTS In the MC group, 10 out of 18 patients (55%) receiving interferon showed an end of treatment response, but at the end of follow-up, only five (28%) patients had a sustained response. In the hepatitis C group, 91 patients (47%) showed an end of treatment response but only 42 (20%) a sustained response. In the MC group alanine transaminase, cryocrit and rheumatoid factor decreased significantly in responders, with an improvement or disappearance of the MC-associated clinical manifestations. Alanine transaminase, cryocrit and rheumatoid factor increased in the relapsers and the clinical manifestations reappeared. Nonresponders and relapsers to interferon in the MC group were retreated with interferon plus ribavirin. Five out of eight nonresponders showed a end of treatment response but it was sustained in three of them. In the relapsers, treatment with combined therapy achieved a sustained response in four out of the five patients (80%). CONCLUSIONS Interferon as monotherapy or combined with ribavirin is a safe and effective treatment in patients with HCV-associated MC. The presence of cryoglobulins does not affect the response to anti-viral treatment in patients with HCV infection. The eradication of HCV is associated with an improvement or disappearance of MC-associated clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Calleja
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, University Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
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Sanchez A, Provencio M, Portero F, Martin P, Yebra M, Bonilla F, Navarro F, Villanueva M, Villarreal M, España P. Hepatitis c virus infection (HCV) and b-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Eur J Cancer 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(99)81784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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García M, Yebra M, Vargas JA, Villarreal M, Salas C. [Hemophagocytic syndrome associated with lymphoma in an HIV-infected patient: presentation of a case and review of the literature]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1999; 17:367-8. [PMID: 10535196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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Yebra M, Goretzki L, Pfeifer M, Mueller BM. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator binding to its receptor stimulates tumor cell migration by enhancing integrin-mediated signal transduction. Exp Cell Res 1999; 250:231-40. [PMID: 10388537 DOI: 10.1006/excr.1999.4510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) participate in matrix degradation and cell migration by focusing proteolysis and functioning as a signaling ligand/receptor complex. uPAR, anchored by a lipid moiety in the membrane, is thought to require a transmembrane adapter to transduce signals into the cytoplasm. To study uPAR signaling, we transfected the prostate carcinoma cell line LNCaP, which does not express endogenous uPA or uPAR, with a uPAR encoding cDNA, resulting in high-level surface expression. We studied migration of these cells on fibronectin, which is mediated by the integrin alpha5beta1. Ligation of uPAR with uPA or its amino-terminal fragment enhanced haptotactic migration to fibronectin. In cells on fibronectin, but not on poly-l-lysine, ligation of uPAR also resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins, including two proteins involved in integrin signaling, focal adhesion kinase and the crk-associated substrate p130(Cas). Furthermore, after uPAR ligation, uPAR was co-immunoprecipitated with beta1 integrins from the detergent-insoluble fraction of cell lysates. Thus, our data suggest that uPAR occupancy results in an interaction between uPAR and integrins and a potentiation of integrin-mediated signaling, which leads to enhanced cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yebra
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, IMM13, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
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Muñoz RM, Pulpón LA, Yebra M, Segovia J, San Martín M, Salas C. Three cases of tuberculosis after heart transplantation in Spain. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1998; 17:801-6. [PMID: 9923525 DOI: 10.1007/s100960050191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Three cases are presented of tuberculosis occurring in a series of 410 heart transplant recipients in a Spanish hospital, representing a rate of 0.73%. Twenty-eight cases reported in the literature are also reviewed. In most series reported, tuberculosis occurred in a small percentage of heart transplant recipients, the average rate being 1.25%. Compared to the general population, a higher percentage (28%) of extrapulmonary and disseminated forms of the disease is seen in these patients. Although a cure without recurrence can usually be achieved with a conventional anti-tuberculous antibiotic regimen, the disease is still associated with a significant mortality rate of 11%. Guidelines for the early diagnosis and treatment of these patients are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Muñoz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
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Sanz J, Yebra M, Romero Y, Huerta V, Salas C. [Paraneoplastic necrotizing myelopathy or intraspinal metastasis? A case review]. An Med Interna 1998; 15:507-8. [PMID: 10079547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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31
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Camacho MT, Outschoorn I, Echevarría C, Kovácová E, Yebra M, Maté I, Auffray P, Téllez A. Distribution of IgA subclass response to Coxiella burnetii in patients with acute and chronic Q fever. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1998; 88:80-3. [PMID: 9683553 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1998.4547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The progression of Coxiella burnetii infection to acute or chronic Q fever has been attributed to biological characteristics of the bacterium and to the host immune response. We measured whether serum levels of total and specific subclasses IgA1 and IgA2 could be correlated with the course of disease in acute and chronic Q fever infections, and with the occurrence of endocarditis. In patients with chronic infection, total IgA2 levels were significantly increased. Q-fever-specific IgA1 antibodies were detectable in both acute and chronic infections, but only patients with endocarditis had IgA2 antibodies to C. burnetii phase II antigens. These findings indicate that the measurement of IgA subclasses may be a useful aid in the serological diagnosis of Q fever. Our results reinforce the idea that immunologically mediated host factors are important in the pathogenesis of Q fever and in the disease outcome of this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Camacho
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
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32
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Ramos A, Portero JL, Gazapo T, Yebra M, Portero F, Martín T. [Visceral leishmaniasis in immunocompromised patients]. An Med Interna 1998; 15:301-304. [PMID: 9656509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most patients who developed visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in our country are ímmunocompromised (IC) host, frequently HIV-infected patients. One objective was to know if there were differences about the clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests or prognosis in IC patients who were infected or not with HIV (HIV+ and HIV-, respectively). Also we wonder if some features were associated with death during the initial episodes of VL. METHOD We studied 16 IC patients with VL, 9 were VIH+ and 7 were VIH-. Most frequently observed findings were fever (94%), splenomegaly (81%), hepatomegaly (69%), and constitutional syndrome (50%). HIV+ patients had symptoms during a lapse of time (70 +/- 78 days) larger than the VIH- cases had (17 +/- 12 days, p < 0.05). RESULTS We performed a serology to Leishmania sp in 15 cases (94%) and were positive in 13 patients (77% in HIV+ and 100% in VIH patients). Seven patients (44%, 4 VIH- and 3 VIH+) died during the initial episode of VL. Nine patients (66%) who survived to it were followed-up during 68 +/- 49 months. Seven patients (4 VIH+ and 3 VIH-) showed several relapses (2.5 +/- 1.6 relapses/patient) through the follow-up. The patients who died during the initial episode had more frequently (p < 0.05) concentrations of albumin below 3 g/dl or of globulins below 4 g/dl, than the survivors had. The CD4+ lymphocyte counts in HIV+ patients were lower in patients who died during the initial episode of VL (19 +/- 15/mm) than in survivors (108 +/- 67/mm3, p = 0.07).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ramos
- Servicio de Medicina Interna III, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid
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33
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de la Calle N, Yebra M, Portero F, López E. [False positivity of antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus in a case of Q fever]. Rev Clin Esp 1998; 198:401. [PMID: 9691752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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34
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Blanco J, Yebra M, Muñoz R, Burillo A. [Cerebral abscess caused by Rhodococcus equi in an immunocompetent patient]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1998; 16:294-5. [PMID: 9763754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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35
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Briz M, Martín T, Yebra M, Laguna P, Busto MJ, Nicolás Fernández M. [Detection of human herpesvirus 8 in patients with Kaposi's sarcoma or Castleman's disease associated with AIDS]. Med Clin (Barc) 1998; 110:662-4. [PMID: 9656211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A new herpesvirus provisionally termed as KSHV or HHV-8 has been detected in lesions from AIDS-based Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and from other KS clinical forms, and also in other tumors such as body cavity-based lymphomas or Castleman's disease (CD). We have assessed the presence of this novel herpesvirus in specimens from patients diagnosed with either AIDS and KS or AIDS and CD. DNA samples from skin lesions and peripheral blood obtained from 8 patients diagnosed with AIDS, seven with KS and one with multicentric CD were analyzed; skin specimens and peripheral blood samples from volunteer blood donors or from KS and CD free HIV seronegative patients were used as controls. Detection of the virus was done by PCR amplification of KS330 region, one of the HHV-8 sequences first reported. All skin lesions analysed tested positive for KS330; peripheral blood samples from 5 of the patients, including the one diagnosed with CD, showed also the virus sequence. All skin specimens and peripheral blood samples from controls were negative. From our results it can be concluded that the novel herpesvirus HHV-8 can also be detected in patients with AIDS-associated KS and AIDS-associated CD in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Briz
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid
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36
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Yebra M. Indirect determination of cyclamate by an on-line continuous precipitation-dissolution flow system. Talanta 1998; 45:1115-22. [DOI: 10.1016/s0039-9140(97)00219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/1997] [Revised: 07/08/1997] [Accepted: 07/09/1997] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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37
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Yebra M, Parry GC, Strömblad S, Mackman N, Rosenberg S, Mueller BM, Cheresh DA. Requirement of receptor-bound urokinase-type plasminogen activator for integrin alphavbeta5-directed cell migration. J Biol Chem 1996; 271:29393-9. [PMID: 8910604 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.46.29393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) interacts with its cell surface receptor (uPAR), providing an inducible, localized cell surface proteolytic activity, thereby promoting cellular invasion. Evidence is provided for a novel function of cell surface-associated uPA.uPAR. Specifically, induction of cell surface expression of uPA. uPAR by growth factors or phorbol ester was necessary for vitronectin-dependent carcinoma cell migration, an event mediated by integrin alphavbeta5. Cell migration on vitronectin was blocked with either a soluble form of uPAR, an antibody that disrupts uPA binding to uPAR, or a monoclonal antibody to alphavbeta5. Moreover, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 blocked this migration event but did not affect adhesion, suggesting a direct role for uPA enzyme activity in this process and that migration but not adhesion of these cells is regulated by uPA.uPAR. Growth factor-mediated induction of uPA.uPAR on the carcinoma cell surface promotes a specific motility event mediated by integrin alphavbeta5, since cells transfected with the beta3 integrin subunit expressed alphavbeta3 and migrated on vitronectin independently of growth factors or uPA.uPAR expression. This relationship between alphavbeta5 and the uPA.uPAR system has significant implications for regulation of motility events associated with development, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yebra
- The Scripps Research Institute, Departments of Immunology and Vascular Biology, IMM24, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Strömblad S, Becker JC, Yebra M, Brooks PC, Cheresh DA. Suppression of p53 activity and p21WAF1/CIP1 expression by vascular cell integrin alphaVbeta3 during angiogenesis. J Clin Invest 1996; 98:426-33. [PMID: 8755653 PMCID: PMC507446 DOI: 10.1172/jci118808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Induction of p53 activity in cells undergoing DNA synthesis represents a molecular conflict that can lead to apoptosis. During angiogenesis, proliferative endothelial cells become apoptotic in response to antagonists of integrin alphavbeta3 and this leads to the regression of angiogenic blood vessels, thereby blocking the growth of various human tumors. Evidence is presented that administration of alphavbeta3 antagonists during angiogenesis in vivo selectively caused activation of endothelial cell p53 and increased expression of the p53-inducible cell cycle inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1. In vitro studies revealed that the ligation state of human endothelial cell alphavbeta3 directly influenced p53 activity and the bax cell death pathway. Specifically, agonists of endothelial cell alphavbeta3, but not other integrins, suppressed p53 activity, blocked p21WAF1/CIP1 expression, and increased the bcl-2/bax ratio, thereby promoting cell survival. Thus, ligation of vascular cell integrin alphavbeta3 promotes a critical and specific adhesion-dependent cell survival signal during angiogenesis leading to inhibition of p53 activity, decreased expression of p21WAF1/CIP1, and suppression of the bax cell death pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Strömblad
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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39
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LLamas P, Yebra M, Berrocal E, Gea JC, Simón Merchán A. [Idiopathic white atrophy and the primary antiphospholipid syndrome: a promise still unfulfilled]. Rev Clin Esp 1996; 196:342-3. [PMID: 8768040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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40
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Yebra M, Filardo EJ, Bayna EM, Kawahara E, Becker JC, Cheresh DA. Induction of carcinoma cell migration on vitronectin by NF-kappa B-dependent gene expression. Mol Biol Cell 1995; 6:841-50. [PMID: 7579698 PMCID: PMC301244 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.6.7.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin alpha v beta 5 promotes FG carcinoma cell adhesion to vitronectin yet requires protein kinase C (PKC) activation for migration on this ligand. Here we report that this PKC-dependent cell motility event requires NF-kappaB-dependent transcription. Specifically, a component within nuclear extracts prepared from PKC-stimulated FG cells exhibited a significant increase in binding activity to a synthetic oligonucleotide containing a consensus kappa B sequence. These nuclear DNA-binding complexes were shown to be comprised of p65 and p50 NF-kappaB/rel family members and appeared functionally active because they promoted transcription of a reporter construct containing a kappa B site. The NF-kappa B activation event was directly linked to the alpha v beta 5 motility response because the NF-kappa B-binding oligonucleotide, when introduced into FG cells, inhibited cell migration on vitronectin but not on collagen and had no effect on cell adhesion to either ligand. These results suggest that the detected DNA-binding complexes interact with kappa B transcriptional elements to regulate gene expression required for alpha v beta 5-dependent cell motility on vitronectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yebra
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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41
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Klemke RL, Yebra M, Bayna EM, Cheresh DA. Receptor tyrosine kinase signaling required for integrin alpha v beta 5-directed cell motility but not adhesion on vitronectin. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1994; 127:859-66. [PMID: 7525598 PMCID: PMC2120222 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.127.3.859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
FG human pancreatic carcinoma cells adhere to vitronectin using integrin alpha v beta 5 yet are unable to migrate on this ligand whereas they readily migrate on collagen in an alpha 2 beta 1-dependent manner. We report here that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation leads to de novo alpha v beta 5-dependent FG cell migration on vitronectin. The EGFR specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin 25 selectively prevents EGFR autophosphorylation thereby preventing the EGF-induced FG cell migration response on vitronectin without affecting constitutive migration on collagen. Protein kinase C (PKC) activation also leads to alpha v beta 5-directed motility on vitronectin; however, this is not blocked by tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In this case, PKC activation appears to be associated with and downstream of EGFR signaling since calphostin C, an inhibitor of PKC, blocks FG cell migration on vitronectin induced by either PKC or EGF. These findings represent the first report implicating a receptor tyrosine kinase in a specific integrin mediated cell motility event independent of adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Klemke
- Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037
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42
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Girón-González JA, Alvarez-Mon M, Menéndez-Caro JL, Manzano L, Abreu L, Yebra M, Durántez-Martínez A. T lymphocytes from alcoholic cirrhotic patients show normal interleukin-2 production but a defective proliferative response to polyclonal mitogens. Am J Gastroenterol 1994; 89:767-73. [PMID: 8172154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
T lymphocyte proliferation is a complex process involving intra- and extracellular molecules. T cell activation was studied in T lymphocytes from patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. A defective phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced T cell mitogenesis was observed in 60% of these patients. Likewise, their blastogenic response to anti-CD3 was also depressed (p < 0.05). However, the DNA synthesis induced by stimulation with phorbol esters (12-O-tetradecanoil-phorbol-13-acetate) + ionomycin was normal (p > 0.05). These alterations cannot be ascribed either to decreased interleukin-2 synthesis or to a defective interleukin-2 receptor expression after cellular activation. Moreover, supplementation of the PHA-stimulated T cell cultures with saturant concentrations of recombinant interleukin-2 did not normalize the hypoproliferative response of T cells from alcoholic++ cirrhotic patients. These results provide evidence that a generalized alteration in the interactions between either mitogens or interleukin-2 and their receptors can explain the T lymphocyte-defective blastogenesis found in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.
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Ruiz J, Yebra M, Sánchez-Vegazo I, Durántez A. [Extrabronchial small-cell carcinoma]. Med Clin (Barc) 1994; 102:559. [PMID: 8208033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Alonso MJ, Yebra M, Pereira F, San Juan I, Nieto J, Ruiz J, Berrocal E. [Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with ulcerative colitis arising after colectomy]. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 1994; 85:277-80. [PMID: 8031618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a rare, although not exceptional, complication of ulcerative colitis. This report presents a case of this association, which is noteworthy in that the hematologic picture appeared immediately after colectomy was performed due to colonic perforation. The features of the only three reported cases in which anemia developed after colectomy are reviewed, and the role of this surgical technique in the treatment of hemolytic anemia associated with ulcerative colitis is discussed. Although colectomy does not protect patients with ulcerative colitis from the onset of hemolytic anemia, we consider that proctocolectomy should be included among the therapeutic alternatives when this association is present, especially in the case of refractory colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Alonso
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Médico-Quirúrgicas, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid
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Yebra M, Romero Y, Varela A, Berrocal E. Percutaneous lung biopsy in the diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. Chest 1994; 105:972-3. [PMID: 8131589 DOI: 10.1378/chest.105.3.972b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Cavero
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
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Yebra M, González-Baylín ML, Espinar J, Lacoma F, Gea Banaclocha JC, Berrocal E. [Amyloidosis and sleep-inhibiting apnea. A case improved by continuous positive pressure applied via the nose]. Rev Clin Esp 1993; 193:380-2. [PMID: 8290759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We present a patient with primary amyloidosis and sleep-inhibiting apnea and review the only two cases for which adequate references have been made in the medical literature. The importance of a complete anamnesis on the characteristics of sleep are stressed, and it is suggests that treatment with positive pressure applied via the nose (cPAP), as in the case presented here, can mean an important symptomatic improvement in a disease with an unfortunate prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yebra
- Servicio de Medicina Interna I, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid
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48
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Ruiz J, Yebra M, Sánchez-Vegazo I, Ramos MP, Lacoma F, Gea JC. [Giant-cell myocarditis: a systemic disease? Apropos a case]. Med Clin (Barc) 1993; 101:459-61. [PMID: 8231370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Giant cell myocarditis is a rare disease of unknown etiology, which develops as a myocardial isolated affection or associated to different diseases. Its characteristics are such as necrosis, inflammation and giant cell presence in the myocardium. We present the case of a woman who suffered of giant cell myocarditis, thymoma, myasthenia gravis, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, giant cell myositis, granulomatous infiltration in the lymph nodes of the hilus of the lung and hypogammaglobulinemia; multiple association that we have not found in any published medical paper and that suggest the autoimmune origin of this illness. The cardiovascular symptoms and the associated diseases are revised, and we discussed the diagnostic and therapeutic topics, pointing out the necessity to take it into account for any patient with thymoma or myasthenia gravis developing to heart failure or arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ruiz
- Servicio de Medicina Interna I, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid
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