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Kiener S, McMahill BG, Affolter VK, Welle M, Yager JA, Jagannathan V, Leeb T. SOAT1 missense variant in two cats with sebaceous gland dysplasia. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:837-843. [PMID: 37060467 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-023-02020-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneously arisen hereditary diseases in domestic animals provide an excellent opportunity to study the physiological functions of the altered genes. We investigated two 4-month-old sibling domestic short haired kittens with dry dark debris around the eyes, nose, and ears, dark crusting on the legs and a thin poor hair coat. Skin biopsies revealed abnormal sebaceous gland morphology with lack of normal sebocyte arrangement and differentiation. Hair follicles had a distorted silhouette, interpreted as a change secondary to the observed sebaceous gland dysplasia. Whole genome sequencing on both affected kittens and 65 genetically diverse feline genomes was performed. Filtering for variants that were present in both kittens but absent from the control genomes revealed a homozygous missense variant in SOAT1, encoding sterol O-acyltransferase 1. The protein is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and catalyzes the formation of cholesteryl esters, an essential component of sebum and meibum. The identified SOAT1:c.1531G > A variant is predicted to change a highly conserved glycine residue within the last transmembrane domain of SOAT1, p.Gly511Arg. In mice, variants in Soat1 or complete knockout of the gene lead to the "hair interior defect" (hid) or abnormal Meibomian glands, respectively. SOAT1:c.1531G > A represents a plausible candidate variant for the observed sebaceous gland dysplasia in both kittens of this study. The variant was not present in 10 additional cats with a similar clinical and histopathological phenotype suggesting genetic heterogeneity. SOAT1 variants should be considered as potential cause in hereditary sebaceous gland dysplasias of humans and domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kiener
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Barbara G McMahill
- Pathology Services, IDEXX Reference Laboratories Inc., Lander, WY, 82520, USA
| | - Verena K Affolter
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Monika Welle
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julie A Yager
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.
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2
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Banovic F, Olivry T, Artlet B, Rothstein E, Beco L, Linek M, Zabel S, Peters-Kennedy J, Welle M, Wilkes R, Austel M, Linder K. Hyperkeratotic erythema multiforme variant in 17 dogs. Vet Dermatol 2023; 34:125-133. [PMID: 36510641 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new canine subgroup defined as 'old-dog' or 'hyperkeratotic' erythema multiforme (HKEM) with marked hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis has been proposed without any detailed description of larger case series. OBJECTIVES We report herein the signalment, clinical signs, treatment outcome, and histopathological and immunological findings in 17 dogs with HKEM. ANIMALS Inclusion criteria were the presence of (i) scaly skin lesions with or without crusting; and (ii) microscopic lesions typical of EM (i.e. a panepidermal cytotoxic lymphocytic dermatitis with or without basal keratinocyte apoptosis); and (iii) microscopic ortho- and/or parakeratotic hyperkeratosis affecting the interfollicular epidermis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical questionnaires and skin biopsies were reviewed. Polymerase chain reactions for epidermotropic viruses and direct immunofluorescence were performed. RESULTS Various breeds were affected with an over-representation of males in their mid-to-late adulthood (median age 9 years). Generalised skin lesions included multifocal-to-coalescing, linear and annular macules and plaques with erythema and adherent firm crusting. Microscopic lesions were specific for EM and featured prominent superficial epidermal apoptosis with lymphocytic satellitosis and parakeratosis. No drug triggers were identified. Polymerase chain reactions for canine herpesvirus polymerase gene, canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus were negative in all HKEM and canine erosive EM (15 dogs) biopsies. Lesions failed to respond to oral and/or topical antimicrobials. Complete remission of signs was achieved in 9 of 17 dogs (53%) using immunosuppressive regimens. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Hyperkeratotic erythema multiforme (HKEM) is a chronic, persistent and clinically distinctive erythema multiforme (EM) variant that differs from 'classic' vesiculobullous erosive-to-ulcerative EM in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frane Banovic
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Thierry Olivry
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Barbara Artlet
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Emily Rothstein
- Animal Allergy and Dermatology Service of Connecticut, Plantsville, Connecticut, USA
| | - Luc Beco
- Cabinet Vétérinaire, Spa, Belgium
| | | | - Sonja Zabel
- VCA Northwest Veterinary Specialist, Dermatology, Allergy & Otology Service, Clackamas, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeanine Peters-Kennedy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Monika Welle
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Wilkes
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology/Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Michaela Austel
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Keith Linder
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Kiener S, Castilla E, Jagannathan V, Welle M, Leeb T. SDR9C7
missense variant in a Chihuahua with non‐epidermolytic ichthyosis. Anim Genet 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/age.13319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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4
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Kiener S, Apostolopoulos N, Schissler J, Hass PK, Leuthard F, Jagannathan V, Schuppisser C, Soto S, Welle M, Mayer U, Leeb T, Fischer NM, Kaessmeyer S. Independent COL5A1 Variants in Cats with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050797. [PMID: 35627182 PMCID: PMC9140822 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated four cats with similar clinical skin-related signs strongly suggestive of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). Cases no. 1 and 4 were unrelated and the remaining two cases, no. 2 and 3, were reportedly siblings. Histopathological changes were characterized by severely altered dermal collagen fibers. Transmission electron microscopy in one case demonstrated abnormalities in the collagen fibril organization and structure. The genomes of the two unrelated affected cats and one of the affected siblings were sequenced and individually compared to 54 feline control genomes. We searched for private protein changing variants in known human EDS candidate genes and identified three independent heterozygous COL5A1 variants. COL5A1 is a well-characterized candidate gene for classical EDS. It encodes the proα1 chain of type V collagen, which is needed for correct collagen fibril formation and the integrity of the skin. The identified variants in COL5A1 are c.112_118+15del or r.spl?, c.3514A>T or p.(Lys1172*), and c.3066del or p.(Gly1023Valfs*50) for cases no. 1, 2&3, and 4, respectively. They presumably all lead to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, which results in haploinsufficiency of COL5A1 and causes the alterations of the connective tissue. The whole genome sequencing approach used in this study enables a refinement of the diagnosis for the affected cats as classical EDS. It further illustrates the potential of such experiments as a precision medicine approach in animals with inherited diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kiener
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (F.L.); (V.J.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
| | - Neoklis Apostolopoulos
- Anicura Kleintierspezialisten Augsburg, 86157 Augsburg, Germany; (N.A.); (U.M.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jennifer Schissler
- Department of Clinical Sciences, James L. Voss Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA;
| | - Pascal-Kolja Hass
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Fabienne Leuthard
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (F.L.); (V.J.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (F.L.); (V.J.)
| | | | - Sara Soto
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Mayer
- Anicura Kleintierspezialisten Augsburg, 86157 Augsburg, Germany; (N.A.); (U.M.)
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (F.L.); (V.J.)
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-31-684-2326
| | - Nina M. Fischer
- Dermatology Unit, Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Sabine Kaessmeyer
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (S.S.); (M.W.); (S.K.)
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland;
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Abstract
Canine genodermatoses represent a broad spectrum of diseases with diverse phenotypes. Modern genetic technology including whole genome sequencing has expedited the identification of novel genes and greatly simplified the establishment of genetic diagnoses in such heterogeneous disorders. The precise genetic diagnosis of a heritable skin disorder is essential for the appropriate counselling of owners regarding the course of the disease, prognosis and implications for breeding. Understanding the underlying pathophysiology is a prerequisite to developing specific, targeted or individualized therapeutic approaches. This review aims to create a comprehensive overview of canine genodermatoses and their respective genetic aetiology known to date. Raising awareness of genodermatoses in dogs is important and this review may help clinicians to apply modern genetics in daily clinical practice, so that a precise diagnoses can be established in suspected genodermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Petra Roosje
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- Dermfocus, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
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6
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Brunner MAT, Veiga IMB, Niggeler A, Häfliger IM, Stettler M, Meylan M, Welle M, Drögemüller C. Is a de novo nonsense variant in the ASPDH gene the cause of ulcerative skin lesions in a Holstein calf? Vet Dermatol 2020; 31:244-e54. [PMID: 31908106 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic skin diseases in cattle are rare. CLINICAL SUMMARY A 7-week-old female Holstein calf was presented with epidermal lesions and alopecia in the caudal region of the ears and on the neck, as well as deep bilateral ulcerative lesions on the palmar aspect of the metacarpi and dorsal aspect of the right metacarpus. Clinical, pathological and histopathological examination of the calf was suggestive of a subepidermal vesicular dermatosis. Genetic analysis identified a de novo non-sense variant affecting the aspartate dehydrogenase domain containing (ASPDH) gene, which might be associated with the formation of subepidermal vesicles in this case. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE The observed phenotype in the calf may represent a novel form of a vesicular skin disorder. Haploinsufficiency of the ASPDH gene might be considered as a possible cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena A T Brunner
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Inês M B Veiga
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Allegra Niggeler
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Irene M Häfliger
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Stettler
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Clinic for Ruminants, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Mireille Meylan
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Clinic for Ruminants, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Cord Drögemüller
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
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7
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Leuthard F, Lehner G, Jagannathan V, Leeb T, Welle M. A missense variant in the NSDHL gene in a Chihuahua with a congenital cornification disorder resembling inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevi. Anim Genet 2019; 50:768-771. [PMID: 31571289 DOI: 10.1111/age.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limb defects syndrome in humans is a genodermatosis characterized by inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevi (ILVEN), often showing a striking lateralization pattern. It is caused by variants in the NSDHL gene encoding a 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. In the present study, we investigated a female Chihuahua, which showed clinical and histological signs of ILVEN. We performed a candidate gene analysis in the affected animal. This analysis revealed a single missense variant in the NSDHL gene in the affected dog (XM_014111859.2:c.700G>A). The variant is predicted to cause a non-conservative amino acid change from glycine to arginine, XP_013967334.1:p.(Gly234Arg). The mutant allele was absent from WGS data of 594 genetically diverse dogs and eight wolves. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the variant was heterozygous in the affected dog and absent from 22 control Chihuahuas. Based on the knowledge about the functional impact of NSDHL variants in dogs and other species, c.700G>A is probably pathogenic and a convincing candidate causative variant for the observed skin lesions in the affected Chihuahua.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Leuthard
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Lehner
- Kleintierpraxis Lehner Dermatologie, 89290, Buch, Germany
| | - V Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Welle
- DermFocus, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
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8
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De Lucia M, Angileri M, Bauer A, Spycher M, Jaggannathan V, Denti D, Di Diodoro F, Ferro S, Mezzalira G, Welle M, Leeb T. X-linked cutaneous mosaicism in a dog. Vet Dermatol 2019; 30:361-362. [PMID: 31012178 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michela De Lucia
- San Marco Veterinary Clinic, Via Sorio 114/C, 35141, Padova, Italy.,San Marco Veterinary Laboratory, Via Sorio 114/C, 35141, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Angileri
- San Marco Veterinary Clinic, Via Sorio 114/C, 35141, Padova, Italy
| | - Anina Bauer
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Melina Spycher
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vidhya Jaggannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daria Denti
- San Marco Veterinary Clinic, Via Sorio 114/C, 35141, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Ferro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giorgia Mezzalira
- San Marco Veterinary Laboratory, Via Sorio 114/C, 35141, Padova, Italy
| | - Monika Welle
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
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9
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Timm K, Welle M, Friedel U, Gunn-Moore D, Peterhans S. Mycobacterium nebraskense infection in a dog in Switzerland with disseminated skin lesions. Vet Dermatol 2019; 30:262-e80. [PMID: 30883992 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous disseminated mycobacteriosis is rare in dogs. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the slowly growing mycobacterial species Mycobacterium nebraskense has not been described before in this species. OBJECTIVE Description of clinical features, laboratory analyses and treatment regimen of this unusual case. ANIMAL A 9-year-old female-spayed West Highland white terrier dog presented with progressive nodules and ulcerations on both sides of the thorax and the rostral aspect of the chest. METHODS AND MATERIALS Investigations involved histopathological examination of skin biopsies (including special stains for fungi, bacteria and mycobacteria), standard and mycobacterial culture (including susceptibility testing), 16S/23S rRNA sequencing and BLAST similarity searching. RESULTS Ziehl-Neelsen staining of decontaminated biopsy material revealed acid-fast bacteria morphologically consistent with mycobacteria. Treatment with clarithromycin and marbofloxacin achieved partial resolution. A change in the treatment regimen to pradofloxacin and azithromycin resulted in rapid deterioration of skin lesions. Final healing occurred with the addition of prednisolone at an anti-inflammatory dose. The results of mycobacterial culture and susceptibility testing were received 10 and 12 months, respectively, after the first presentation of the dog. Therapy was stopped after 16 months without recurrence of skin lesions. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE This case is noteworthy for the description of a new mycobacterial species contributing to disseminated panniculitis in a dog and for the difficulties experienced in the lengthy empirical treatment of slowly growing nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. The addition of prednisolone to induce complete healing raises the question of whether the mycobacterial infection was primary or whether it occurred secondarily to an ongoing sterile panniculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Timm
- vetderm.ch, Ennetseeklinik für Kleintiere AG, Rothusstrasse 2, 6331, Hünenberg, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggass-Strasse 122, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ute Friedel
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 270, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Danièlle Gunn-Moore
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Sophie Peterhans
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 270, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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De Lucia M, Bauer A, Spycher M, Jagannathan V, Romano E, Welle M, Leeb T. Genetic variant in the NSDHL gene in a cat with multiple congenital lesions resembling inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevi. Vet Dermatol 2018; 30:64-e18. [PMID: 30474267 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The feline counterpart of human inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN) has been described; however, the possible underlying developmental defect has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE To report a case of multiple ILVEN-like lesions in a cat with a genetic variant in the NSDHL gene. ANIMALS A 2-year-old, female, domestic short hair cat with a history of multiple alopecic, verrucous, hyperpigmented and erythematous skin lesions, following Blaschko's lines on the head, the limbs, the trunk and paw pads. METHODS AND RESULTS According to the clinical and histopathological findings, a diagnosis of multiple ILVEN-like lesions was made. Genetic investigation revealed a heterozygous missense variant in the X-chromosomal NSDHL gene predicted to lead to a loss-of-function of the NSDHL protein. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of feline ILVEN-like lesions in which a genetic cause has been proposed. Future studies to establish a causal relationship between NSDHL variants and skin lesions might lead to pathogenesis-directed treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela De Lucia
- San Marco Veterinary Clinic, Via Sorio 114/C, 35141, Padova, Italy.,San Marco Veterinary Laboratory, Via Sorio 114/C, 35141, Padova, Italy
| | - Anina Bauer
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 120, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Melina Spycher
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 120, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 120, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Erica Romano
- Veterinary Hospital Gregorio VII, Piazza di Villa Carpegna 52, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Monika Welle
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 120, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
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11
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Ramsauer AS, Kubacki J, Welle M, Bachofen C, Fraefel C, Hoby S, Tobler K, Wenker C. Detection and Characterization of Okapi (Okapia johnstoni)-specific Papillomavirus type 1 (OjPV1). Vet Microbiol 2018; 223:113-118. [PMID: 30173736 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Papillomavirus-specific DNA was detected in skin lesions collected from an okapi (Okapia johnstoni) in the Zoo Basel. According to the nucleotide sequence analysis, the virus belongs to the genus Deltapapillomavirus. Based on bioinformatics analysis, we propose to designate the newly identified virus as Okapia johnstoni Papillomavirus type 1 (OjPV1). OjPV1 is genetically most closely related to a recently described giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) -specific papillomavirus (GcPV1). Of note, the putative oncogenic E5 proteins from OjPV1 and GcPV1 are more conserved than the L1 proteins. This indicates, that the selection pressure on E5 may be more pronounced than that on the otherwise most conserved major capsid protein L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sophie Ramsauer
- Virologisches Institut, Vetsuisse Fakultät, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Jakub Kubacki
- Virologisches Institut, Vetsuisse Fakultät, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- Institut für Tierpathologie, Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Fakultät, Universität Bern, Postfach, CH-3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Bachofen
- Virologisches Institut, Vetsuisse Fakultät, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cornel Fraefel
- Virologisches Institut, Vetsuisse Fakultät, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Hoby
- Zoo Basel, Binningerstrasse 40, CH-4054, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Tobler
- Virologisches Institut, Vetsuisse Fakultät, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
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12
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Graf R, Pospischil A, Guscetti F, Meier D, Welle M, Dettwiler M. Cutaneous Tumors in Swiss Dogs: Retrospective Data From the Swiss Canine Cancer Registry, 2008-2013. Vet Pathol 2018; 55:809-820. [PMID: 30131007 DOI: 10.1177/0300985818789466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Data collected in animal cancer registries comprise extensive and valuable information, even more so when evaluated in context with precise population data. The authors evaluated 11 740 canine skin tumors collected in the Swiss Canine Cancer Registry from 2008-2013, considering data on breed, sex, age, and anatomic locations. Their incidence rate (IR) per 100 000 dogs/year in the Swiss dog population was calculated based on data from the official and mandatory Swiss dog registration database ANIS. The most common tumor types were mast cell tumors (16.35%; IR, 60.3), lipomas (12.47%; IR, 46.0), hair follicle tumors (12.34%; IR, 45.5), histiocytomas (12.10%; IR, 44.6), soft tissue sarcomas (10.86%; IR, 40.1), and melanocytic tumors (8.63%; IR, 31.8) with >1000 tumors per type. The average IR of all tumor types across the 227 registered breeds was 372.2. The highest tumor incidence was found in the Giant Schnauzer (IR, 1616.3), the Standard Schnauzer (IR, 1545.4), the Magyar Vizsla (IR, 1534.6), the Rhodesian Ridgeback (IR, 1445.0), the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever (IR, 1351.7), and the Boxer (IR, 1350.0). Mixed-breed dogs (IR, 979.4) had an increased IR compared to the average of all breeds. Previously reported breed predispositions for most tumor types were confirmed. Nevertheless, the data also showed an increased IR for mast cell tumors and melanocytic tumors in the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever and for histiocytomas in the Flat Coated Retriever. The results from this study can be taken into consideration when selecting purebred dogs for breeding to improve a breed's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Graf
- 1 Collegium Helveticum (University of Zürich & ETHZ), Semper-Sternwarte, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Pospischil
- 1 Collegium Helveticum (University of Zürich & ETHZ), Semper-Sternwarte, Zürich, Switzerland.,2 Institute for Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Franco Guscetti
- 2 Institute for Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Meier
- 3 Zyto/Histo Diagnostik, Rorbas-Freienstein, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- 4 Institute of Animal Pathology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martina Dettwiler
- 4 Institute of Animal Pathology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Graf R, Guscetti F, Welle M, Meier D, Pospischil A. Feline Injection Site Sarcomas: Data from Switzerland 2009–2014. J Comp Pathol 2018; 163:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Trampus P, Goepfert C, Welle M, Henke D, Forterre F, Schweizer-Gorgas D. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signal Alterations in Paraspinal Muscles in Dogs with Acute Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disk Extrusion. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:16. [PMID: 29497616 PMCID: PMC5819315 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle signal alteration detected on MRI is seen in diverse pathologic conditions. We observed signal alterations within the paraspinal muscles in dogs with acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disk extrusion. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe MRI features of paraspinal muscle signal alteration in dogs with acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disk extrusion and to investigate an association of the signal alterations with neurological grade, type and location of intervertebral disk extrusion, degree of spinal cord compression, and presence of epidural hemorrhage. Medical records of dogs undergoing MRI because of thoracolumbar intervertebral disk extrusion between August 2014 and June 2016 were reviewed. MRI was evaluated for SI changes within the paravertebral musculature, their location, extension, affected muscles, contrast enhancement, and signal void in T2* sequences. Intervertebral disk herniation was categorized as acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (ANNPE) or compressive intervertebral disk disease. In five patients, muscle biopsies of areas with signal intensity changes were taken during surgery. In total, 103 dogs were enrolled in the study. Paraspinal muscle signal alterations were visible in 37 dogs (36%) affecting the epaxial musculature (n = 17), hypaxial musculature (n = 12), or both (n = 8). All signal alterations were hyperintense on T2-weighted images and iso- or hypointense in T1-weighted images. Signal void in T2* was not observed in any dog. Postcontrast sequences were available in 30 of the 37 dogs and showed enhancement in 45%. There was neither an association with degree of compression nor epidural hemorrhage. Intervertebral disk extrusion caudal to L1 and a higher neurological grade was associated with the presence of muscle changes. Histopathology revealed mild to moderate acute muscle fiber degeneration with edema and necrosis in three of five samples. The MRI, as well as the muscle samples, show rather unspecific changes. The underlying pathomechanism might be related to ischemia or muscle spasm, but also denervation edema may explain the signal alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Trampus
- Division of Clinical Radiology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christine Goepfert
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Diana Henke
- Division of Clinical Neurology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Franck Forterre
- Division of Small Animal Surgery, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Balmer P, Bauer A, Pujar S, McGarvey KM, Welle M, Galichet A, Müller EJ, Pruitt KD, Leeb T, Jagannathan V. A curated catalog of canine and equine keratin genes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180359. [PMID: 28846680 PMCID: PMC5573215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratins represent a large protein family with essential structural and functional roles in epithelial cells of skin, hair follicles, and other organs. During evolution the genes encoding keratins have undergone multiple rounds of duplication and humans have two clusters with a total of 55 functional keratin genes in their genomes. Due to the high similarity between different keratin paralogs and species-specific differences in gene content, the currently available keratin gene annotation in species with draft genome assemblies such as dog and horse is still imperfect. We compared the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (dog annotation release 103, horse annotation release 101) and Ensembl (release 87) gene predictions for the canine and equine keratin gene clusters to RNA-seq data that were generated from adult skin of five dogs and two horses and from adult hair follicle tissue of one dog. Taking into consideration the knowledge on the conserved exon/intron structure of keratin genes, we annotated 61 putatively functional keratin genes in both the dog and horse, respectively. Subsequently, curators in the RefSeq group at NCBI reviewed their annotation of keratin genes in the dog and horse genomes (Annotation Release 104 and Annotation Release 102, respectively) and updated annotation and gene nomenclature of several keratin genes. The updates are now available in the NCBI Gene database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Balmer
- Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anina Bauer
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern,Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shashikant Pujar
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Kelly M. McGarvey
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Monika Welle
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Galichet
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane J. Müller
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Clinic for Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kim D. Pruitt
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern,Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern,Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Veiga I, Welle M, Agerholm J. Congenital Cutaneous Panadnexal Papillomatous Hamartomas in a Calf. J Comp Pathol 2017; 157:183-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hofstetter S, Welle M, Gorgas D, Balmer P, Roosje P, Mock T, Meylan M, Jagannathan V, Drögemüller C. A de novo germline mutation of DLX3 in a Brown Swiss calf with tricho-dento-osseus-like syndrome. Vet Dermatol 2017; 28:616-e150. [PMID: 28670783 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A novel congenital disorder affecting a calf was observed, and its phenotype and genetic mutation identified. ANIMAL A six-month-old female Brown Swiss calf. METHODS Diagnostic investigation and whole genome sequencing of a case parent trio was performed. RESULTS The calf had a dull kinky coat with mild hypotrichosis, and teeth with brown staining and enamel defects. Histological examination of skin biopsies was compatible with a follicular dysplasia. Radiography and computed tomography revealed thickening of the skull bones and large pulp cavities with a marked thinning of enamel affecting all teeth. A de novo germline mutation affecting the distal-less homeobox gene (DLX3) was identified. The 10 bp frameshift mutation in exon 3 of the bovine DLX3 gene is predicted to replace the second C-terminal transactivation domain of the wild-type protein by a recoded peptide of 99 amino acids without any sequence similarity. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE A causative mutation for a sporadic phenotype resembling human tricho-dento-osseous syndrome was identified after detection of a de novo germline mutation in the DLX3 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Hofstetter
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Gorgas
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Division of Radiology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 128, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Balmer
- DermFocus, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Vetsuisse Faculty, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 128, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - Petra Roosje
- DermFocus, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Vetsuisse Faculty, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 128, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Mock
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Clinic for Ruminants, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Mireille Meylan
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Clinic for Ruminants, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - Cord Drögemüller
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
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Murgiano L, Waluk D, Towers R, Wiedemar N, Dietrich J, Jagannathan V, Drögemüller M, Druet T, Galichet A, Penedo MC, Müller E, Roosje P, Welle M, Leeb T. P6015 An intronic MBTPS2 variant results in a splicing defect in horses with brindle coat texture. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.94supplement4155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular genetics has made significant advances in the analysis of hereditary dermatoses during the last several years. OBJECTIVES To provide an update on currently available genetic tests for skin diseases of dogs, cats and horses, and to aid the veterinary clinician in the appropriate selection and applications of genetic tests. METHODS The scientific literature on the topic was critically reviewed. The list of known causative variants for genodermatoses and hair morphology traits was compiled by searching the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) database. RESULTS Genetic testing has become an important diagnostic method in veterinary medicine. Genetic tests can help to establish the correct diagnosis in some diseases with relatively nonspecific signs. Genetic tests are also essential for sustainable breeding programmes and to help minimize the frequency of animals with hereditary diseases. Advances in genetic methodology and bioinformatics already allow genome-wide screening for potential disease causing mutations for research purposes. It is anticipated that this will become a routine process in clinical practice in the future. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE As specific DNA tests and broad genome-wide analyses come into more common use, it is critical that clinicians understand the proper application and interpretation of these test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosso Leeb
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,DermFocus, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - Eliane J Müller
- DermFocus, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, Bern, 3010, Switzerland
| | - Petra Roosje
- DermFocus, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Vetsuisse Faculty, Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 128, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- DermFocus, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.,Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
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20
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Brachelente C, Müller N, Doherr MG, Sattler U, Welle M. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Naturally Infected Dogs is Associated with a T Helper-2-biased Immune Response. Vet Pathol 2016; 42:166-75. [PMID: 15753470 DOI: 10.1354/vp.42-2-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Skin lesions are a frequent manifestation of Leishmania infantum infections in Mediterranean countries. This study demonstrates by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction the local cytokine response in skin biopsies from Leishmania-infected dogs ( n = 10). As controls, we investigated skin biopsies from healthy ( n = 10) and fleabite hypersensitive dogs (n = 10). We established a quantitative PCR to determine the parasite burden in biopsies. The objective was to elucidate whether a correlation exists between parasite number, histologic response, and T helper-1 (TH1)/T helper-2 (TH2) cytokine expression in lesional skin of naturally infected dogs. In Leishmania-infected dogs, interleukin-4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) messenger RNA production was significantly higher than controls. Furthermore, dogs with a high Leishmania burden had a significantly higher IL-4 expression, whereas no difference was noted with regard to expression of other cytokines. By comparing the pattern of inflammation and cytokine expression, a clear trend became evident in that levels of IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were elevated in biopsies with a periadnexal nodular pattern and in biopsies where the severity of the periadnexal infiltrate was equal to the perivascular to interstitial infiltrate. Expression of IL-4, IL-13, and TNF-α was slightly increased in biopsies where plasma cells prevailed on lymphocytes, whereas expression of IFN-γ was moderately higher when lymphocytes were predominating. In summary, the present study demonstrates that the local immune response in naturally occurring leishmaniasis includes TH1 as well as TH2 cytokine subsets. Furthermore, respective data suggest that increased expression of the TH2-type cytokine IL-4 is associated with both severe clinical signs and a high parasite burden in the skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brachelente
- Department of Biopathological Sciences, Perugia, Italy
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21
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Graf R, Grüntzig K, Hässig M, Axhausen K, Fabrikant S, Welle M, Meier D, Guscetti F, Folkers G, Otto V, Pospischil A. Swiss Feline Cancer Registry: A Retrospective Study of the Occurrence of Tumours in Cats in Switzerland from 1965 to 2008. J Comp Pathol 2015; 153:266-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Müller N, Hentrich B, Frey CF, Welle M. Quantitative PCR for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded skin sections. Mol Cell Probes 2015; 29:507-510. [PMID: 26427730 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present report describes a real-time PCR-based procedure to reliably determine the quantity of Leishmania amastigotes in relation to the amount of host tissue in histological skin sections from canine and equine cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The novel diagnostic Leishmania-PCR has a detection limit of <0.02 amastigotes per μg tissue, which corresponds well to the detection limit of immunohistochemistry and is far beyond that of conventional histology. Our results emphasise the importance of PCR to complement routine histology of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases, particularly in laboratories in which no immunohistochemical assay is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Müller
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
| | - Brigitte Hentrich
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Caroline F Frey
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
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Grüntzig K, Graf R, Hässig M, Welle M, Meier D, Lott G, Erni D, Schenker N, Guscetti F, Boo G, Axhausen K, Fabrikant S, Folkers G, Pospischil A. Corrigendum to “The Swiss Canine Cancer Registry: A Retrospective Study on the Occurrence of Tumours in Dogs in Switzerland from 1955 to 2008” [J Comp Pathol 152 (2–3) (2015) 161–171]. J Comp Pathol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pospischil A, Grüntzig K, Graf R, Boo G, Hässig M, Welle M. Krebsregister für Hunde und Katzen in der Schweiz (1955 – 2008). Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1552902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Reber I, Keller I, Becker D, Flury C, Welle M, Drögemüller C. Wattles in goats are associated with the FMN1/GREM1 region on chromosome 10. Anim Genet 2015; 46:316-20. [PMID: 25736034 PMCID: PMC5024000 DOI: 10.1111/age.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The presence of congenital appendages (wattles) on the throat of goats is supposed to be under genetic control with a dominant mode of inheritance. Wattles contain a cartilaginous core covered with normal skin resembling early stages of extremities. To map the dominant caprine wattles (W) locus, we collected samples of 174 goats with wattles and 167 goats without wattles from nine different Swiss goat breeds. The samples were genotyped with the 53k goat SNP chip for a subsequent genome-wide association study. We obtained a single strong association signal on chromosome 10 in a region containing functional candidate genes for limb development and outgrowth. We sequenced the whole genomes of an informative family trio containing an offspring without wattles and its heterozygous parents with wattles. In the associated goat chromosome 10 region, a total of 1055 SNPs and short indels perfectly co-segregate with the W allele. None of the variants were perfectly associated with the phenotype after analyzing the genome sequences of eight additional goats. We speculate that the causative mutation is located in one of the numerous gaps in the current version of the goat reference sequence and/or represents a larger structural variant which influences the expression of the FMN1 and/or GREM1 genes. Also, we cannot rule out possible genetic or allelic heterogeneity. Our genetic findings support earlier assumptions that wattles are rudimentary developed extremities.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Reber
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
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26
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Grüntzig K, Graf R, Hässig M, Welle M, Meier D, Lott G, Erni D, Schenker N, Guscetti F, Boo G, Axhausen K, Fabrikant S, Folkers G, Pospischil A. The Swiss Canine Cancer Registry: A Retrospective Study on the Occurrence of Tumours in Dogs in Switzerland from 1955 to 2008. J Comp Pathol 2015; 152:161-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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27
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Linek M, Rüfenacht S, Brachelente C, von Tscharner C, Favrot C, Wilhelm S, Nett C, Mueller RS, Mayer U, Welle M. Nonthymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis in 18 cats. Vet Dermatol 2014; 26:40-5, e12-3. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Linek
- Tieraerztliche Spezialisten; Rodigallee 85 D-22043 Hamburg Germany
| | | | - Chiara Brachelente
- Vetsuisse Faculty; Institute for Animal Pathology; University of Bern; Länggassstrasse 120 CH-3001 Bern Switzerland
| | - Claudia von Tscharner
- Vetsuisse Faculty; Institute for Animal Pathology; University of Bern; Länggassstrasse 120 CH-3001 Bern Switzerland
| | - Claude Favrot
- Vetsuisse Faculty; Dermatologie Klinik für Kleintiermedizin; Winterthurerstrasse 260 CH-8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Wilhelm
- Dermavet; Muhenstrasse 56 CH-5036 Oberentfelden Switzerland
| | - Claudia Nett
- Dermatologie und Allergologie für Tiere; c/o Ennetseeklinik für Kleintiere; Rothusstrasse 2 CH-6331 Hünenberg Switzerland
| | - Ralf S. Mueller
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine; Ludwig Maximilian University; D-80539 Munich Germany
| | | | - Monika Welle
- Vetsuisse Faculty; Institute for Animal Pathology; University of Bern; Länggassstrasse 120 CH-3001 Bern Switzerland
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Müller EJ, Galichet A, Wiener D, Marti E, Drögemüller C, Welle M, Roosje P, Leeb T, Suter MM. Keratinocyte biology and pathology. Vet Dermatol 2014; 25:236-8. [PMID: 25124172 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliane J Müller
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Molecular Dermatology, Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Berzina I, Krudewig C, Silaghi C, Matise I, Ranka R, Müller N, Welle M. Anaplasma phagocytophilum DNA amplified from lesional skin of seropositive dogs. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2014; 5:329-35. [PMID: 24637068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Canine granulocytic anaplasmosis (CGA) is caused by the rickettsial microorganism Anaplasma phagocytophilum. CGA is typically characterized by fever, thrombocytopenia, lethargy, anorexia, arthropy, and other nonspecific clinical signs. Skin lesions have been described in naturally infected lambs and humans. The pathophysiology of CGA is not entirely clear, and the persistence of the organism after the resolution of clinical signs has been described. The aim of the study was to investigate if A. phagocytophilum can be detected in canine lesional skin biopsies from A. phagocytophilum-seropositive dogs with etiologically unclear skin lesions that improved after the treatment with doxycycline. Paraffin-embedded lesional skin biopsies were allocated into separate groups: biopsies from A. phagocytophilum-seropositive dogs responsive to treatment with doxycycline (n=12), biopsies from A. phagocytophilum-seronegative dogs (n=2), and biopsies in which skin lesions histopathologically resembled a tick bite (n=10). The serological status of the latter group was unknown. Histology of the seropositive and seronegative dog skin lesions did not indicate an etiology. DNA was extracted, and a conventional PCR for partial 16S rRNA gene was performed. Anaplasma phagocytophilum DNA was amplified from 4/12 seropositive dogs' skin biopsies. All sequences were 100% identical to the prototype A. phagocytophilum human strain (GenBank accession number U02521). Anaplasma phagocytophilum was not amplified from the 2 seronegative and 10 suspected tick bite dogs. Serum antibody titers of the PCR-positive dogs ranged from 1:200 to 1:2048. Histopathologically, a mild-to-moderate perivascular to interstitial dermatitis composed of a mixed cellular infiltrate and mild-to-moderate edema was seen in all seropositive dogs. In 8/12 seropositive dogs, vascular changes as vasculopathy, fibrinoid necrosis of the vessel walls, and leukocytoclastic changes were observed. In summary, our results support the hypothesis that the persistence of A. phagocytophilum in the skin may be causative for otherwise unexplained skin lesions in seropositive dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inese Berzina
- Preclinical Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia; Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Christiane Krudewig
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Silaghi
- Institute for Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ilze Matise
- Preclinical Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Renate Ranka
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Riga, Latvia
| | - Norbert Müller
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Weissenbacher-Lang C, Voglmayr T, Weissenböck H, Pyrek R, Waxenecker F, Hofstetter U, Hoelzle K, Hoelzle LE, Welle M, Bruns G, Ritzmann M. [Investigation of potential causes for the development of porcine ear necrosis: different study designs--comparable results?]. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 2013; 126:378-387. [PMID: 24199379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
During the last years two studies for the investigation of the etiology of porcine ear necrosis were carried out at the Clinic for Swine of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna. In study 1, parameters, which are discussed in this context, were collected by veterinary practitioners by completing specially designed questionnaires in farms with symptoms of the porcine ear necrosis syndrome. In study 2, samples of piglets and feed were collected for laboratory analysis of the most important infectious agents as well as mycotoxins. In the present manuscript, the results of both projects were compared. Even if the selection criteria of both studies differed, the affected age class was comparable (5.5 to ten weeks of life in study 1 and six to ten weeks of life in study 2). The herd-specific prevalence of the porcine ear necrosis syndrome varied considerably with percentages between 2 and 10, respectively, to 100%. The evaluation of questionnaires in study 1 showed that 51% of the farms had problems with cannibalism. Particles of plant material, which were frequently seen on the histologic slides of study 2, could have got into the tissue by chewing the ears of the pen mates or cannibalism. Whereas in study 1 the negative effect of parameters as high pig density, suboptimal climate, missing enrichment material and bad quality of feed and water were considered, in study 2 all these factors were checked at sample collection and ruled out as precursor for cannibalism. In both studies bacterial agents proved to be a crucial co-factor for the expansion of the necroses to deeper tissue layers, whereas viral pathogens were classified less important. In both projects it was not possible to estimate the direct impact of infectious agents and mycotoxins as direct trigger of the necroses as well as their participation as co-factors or precursor in the sense of an immunosuppression or previous damage of blood vessels or tissue.
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Voegeli E, Welle M, Hauser B, Dolf G, Flückiger M. Das histiozytäre Sarkom beim Berner Sennenhund in der Schweiz: Eine retrospektive Studie über seine genetische Prädisposition. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2012; 148:281-8. [PMID: 16826705 DOI: 10.1024/0036-7281.148.6.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A retrospective study to evaluate the genetic predisposition for histiocytic sarcoma in the Swiss population of purebred Bernese mountain dogs identified 51 histologically confirmed cases between 1997 and 2003. Segregation analysis using five major genetic modes was used to evaluate the 51 cases. The general mode yielded the best results suggesting a genetic predisposition for histiocystic sarcoma in this breed. The disease was found in all families analyzed, therefore elimination of the disease through seletive breeding of certain family lines is not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Voegeli
- Abteilung für Bildgebende Diagnostik und Radio-Onkologie der Universität Zürich
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Weissenbacher-Lang C, Voglmayr T, Waxenecker F, Hofstetter U, Weissenböck H, Hoelzle K, Hoelzle LE, Welle M, Ogris M, Bruns G, Ritzmann M. Porcine ear necrosis syndrome: a preliminary investigation of putative infectious agents in piglets and mycotoxins in feed. Vet J 2012; 194:392-7. [PMID: 22784419 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the causative factors of porcine ear necrosis syndrome (PENS) in 72 pigs, 5.5-10 weeks in age housed on nine farms. Biopsy samples of ear pinnae were collected from all piglets for bacteriology, histopathology and in situ hybridization for porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). At the same time, serum samples were taken for serological analysis and viral PCR, and feed was sampled for mycotoxin analysis. The initial lesion of PENS seemed to be a focal epidermal necrosis. Streptococci were isolated from 44 and staphylococci from 36 pinnae. PCV2 could not be detected by in situ hybridization or qPCR. Seven piglets were positive for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, and one for Mycoplasma suis. One piglet had antibodies against Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. No infectious agents were found in 15 samples. Positive virology and parasitology were often found alongside positive bacteriology. Deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and ergot alkaloids were detected in feed. The findings suggest that PENS is multifactorial in origin and that although infectious agents can be involved in the development of the syndrome they are not the exclusive triggering factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Weissenbacher-Lang
- Clinic for Swine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
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Menoud A, Welle M, Tetens J, Lichtner P, Drögemüller C. A COL7A1 mutation causes dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa in Rotes Höhenvieh cattle. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38823. [PMID: 22715415 PMCID: PMC3371016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We identified a congenital mechanobullous skin disorder in six calves on a single farm of an endangered German cattle breed in 2010. The condition presented as a large loss of skin distal to the fetlocks and at the mucosa of the muzzle. All affected calves were euthanized on humane grounds due to the severity, extent and progression of the skin and oral lesions. Examination of skin samples under light microscopy revealed detachment of the epidermis from the dermis at the level of the dermo epidermal junction, leading to the diagnosis of a subepidermal bullous dermatosis such as epidermolysis bullosa. The pedigree was consistent with monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance. We localized the causative mutation to an 18 Mb interval on chromosome 22 by homozygosity mapping. The COL7A1 gene encoding collagen type VII alpha 1 is located within this interval and COL7A1 mutations have been shown to cause inherited dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) in humans. A SNP in the bovine COL7A1 exon 49 (c.4756C>T) was perfectly associated with the observed disease. The homozygous mutant T/T genotype was exclusively present in affected calves and their parents were heterozygous C/T confirming the assumed recessive mode of inheritance. All known cases and genotyped carriers were related to a single cow, which is supposed to be the founder animal. The mutant T allele was absent in 63 animals from 24 cattle breeds. The identified mutation causes a premature stop codon which leads to a truncated protein representing a complete loss of COL7A1 function (p.R1586*). We thus have identified a candidate causative mutation for this genetic disease using only three cases to unravel its molecular basis. Selection against this mutation can now be used to eliminate the mutant allele from the Rotes Höhenvieh breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Menoud
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monika Welle
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jens Tetens
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Yager JA, Gross TL, Shearer D, Rothstein E, Power H, Sinke JD, Kraus H, Gram D, Cowper E, Foster A, Welle M. Abnormal sebaceous gland differentiation in 10 kittens (‘sebaceous gland dysplasia’) associated with generalized hypotrichosis and scaling. Vet Dermatol 2012; 23:136-44, e30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2011.01029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Dandrieux JRS, Timm K, Roosje PJ, Welle M, Howard J, Brühschwein A, Francey T. Unusual Systemic Signs in a Dog with Sterile Neutrophilic-Macrophagic Lymphadenitis and Nodular Panniculitis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2011; 47:117-21. [DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-5563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A 7 mo old female English springer spaniel was presented with diarrhea, vomiting, apathy, and hyperthermia. Further examinations revealed generalized lymphadenomegaly consistent with sterile neutrophilic-macrophagic lymphadenitis and pulmonary involvement. Subcutaneous nodules developed one day after presentation. Histology was consistent with sterile idiopathic nodular panniculitis and vasculitis. No infectious organism was isolated. The dog responded to prednisolone, but relapsed during medication tapering. Cyclosporine had to be added to control the disease. No further relapse had occurred 98 wk after the first presentation. This is an unusual presentation of a systemic sterile neutrophilic-macrophagic lymphadenitis with nodular panniculitis and vasculitis associated with gastrointestinal and pulmonary signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien R. S. Dandrieux
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.D., K.T., P.R., J.H., T.F.); Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (M.W.); and Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany (A.B.)
| | - Katrin Timm
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.D., K.T., P.R., J.H., T.F.); Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (M.W.); and Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany (A.B.)
| | - Petra J. Roosje
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.D., K.T., P.R., J.H., T.F.); Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (M.W.); and Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany (A.B.)
| | - Monika Welle
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.D., K.T., P.R., J.H., T.F.); Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (M.W.); and Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany (A.B.)
| | - Judith Howard
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.D., K.T., P.R., J.H., T.F.); Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (M.W.); and Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany (A.B.)
| | - Andreas Brühschwein
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.D., K.T., P.R., J.H., T.F.); Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (M.W.); and Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany (A.B.)
| | - Thierry Francey
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.D., K.T., P.R., J.H., T.F.); Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (M.W.); and Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany (A.B.)
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Abstract
A fattening pig with enlarged head and abdominal lymph nodes was examined. An aspirate of the abscesses did not produce a conclusive diagnosis. Only an excision with subsequent histological and bacteriological examination showed the mould Mycocladus corymbiferus (syn. Absidia corymbifera) to be present. Similar abscesses should be examined as actinomycosis and leucosis are the main differential diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zeeh
- Departement für Klinische Veterinärmedizin, Schweineklinik der Universität Bern, Bern.
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Bergmann W, Burgener I, Roccabianca P, Rytz U, Welle M. Erratum to ‘Primary Splenic Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour in a Dog’. J Comp Pathol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Chaubert P, Baur Chaubert AS, Sattler U, Forster U, Bornand V, Suter M, Welle M. Improved polymerase chain reaction-based method to detect early-stage epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin biopsy specimens of the dog. J Vet Diagn Invest 2010; 22:20-9. [PMID: 20093678 DOI: 10.1177/104063871002200104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the dog, early-stage epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma (ETCL) can clinically and histologically mimic a large range of inflammatory dermatoses and often progresses rapidly to a more aggressive tumor stage. Early diagnosis of ETCL is essential to proceed with a specific oncologic therapy that is favorable for the prognosis. In the present study, an improved method for the detection of T-cell receptor gamma (TCRgamma) rearrangement was developed by designing a new set of consensus primers to amplify the different forms of rearranged canine TCRgamma gene sequences by polymerase chain reaction. The amplicons were analyzed by conventional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, which requires minimal specific equipment and may be performed in almost every pathology laboratory at low costs. The method proved to be highly specific and sensitive to detect early ETCL in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens, providing an efficient tool for veterinary pathologists to distinguish early neoplastic from reactive cutaneous T-cell infiltrates (tumor-specific marker) or to discriminate T-cell lymphoma from B-cell lymphomas or nonlymphoid neoplasms (T-cell lineage marker). By direct sequencing analysis of amplified TCRgamma gene sequences, ETCL was found to rearrange exclusively the joining (J) 4 region, which suggests specific biology for primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Also, a novel (seventh) functional J region in the TCRgamma gene, localized approximately 2.3 kb upstream of J5, was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Chaubert
- Institut für Tierpathologie, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3001 Berne, Switzerland.
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Abstract
Scleromyxedema—the generalized form of lichen myxedematosus, a primary mucinosis—is a rare disease in human patients. It is characterized by dermal mucin deposits, increased numbers of fibroblasts, and variable fibrosis in the absence of thyroid disease. It is accompanied in 80% of cases by a monoclonal gammopathy. To date, scleromyxedema with systemic involvement has not been documented in domestic animals. This is the first report of a scleromyxedema-like syndrome in a cat, which had a substantial deposition of mucin in the dermis of the head and paws with a mild gammaglobulinemia of 2.25 g/dl (reference range, 1.39–2.22 g/dl). At necropsy, multiple nodules of connective tissue intermingled with mucin deposits were conspicuous on the surface of thoracic and abdominal organs. Such severe systemic accumulations of mucin have not been reported in human or veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Müntener
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty University Berne, Switzerland
| | - S. Rüfenacht
- Department for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Section for Dermatology, Vetsuisse Faculty University Berne, Switzerland
| | - S. Di Palma
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty University Berne, Switzerland
| | - G. Hartmeier
- Animal Clinic Aarau West, Oberentfelden, Switzerland
| | - M. Welle
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty University Berne, Switzerland
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López A, Van Hoorebeke S, Maes D, Chiers K, Meyns T, Stuyven E, Nauwynck H, Welle M. Porcine ulcerative dermatitis syndrome in sows: a form of vesicular cutaneous lupus erythematosus? Vet Rec 2009; 165:501-6. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.165.17.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D. Maes
- Department of Obstetrics; Reproduction and Herd Health
| | | | - T. Meyns
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases
| | | | - H. Nauwynck
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133 9820 Merelbeke Belgium
| | - M. Welle
- Institute of Animal Pathology; Vetsuisse Faculty; University of Berne, Postfach; Länggassstrasse 122 3001 Berne Switzerland
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Müller N, Welle M, Lobsiger L, Stoffel MH, Boghenbor KK, Hilbe M, Gottstein B, Frey CF, Geyer C, von Bomhard W. Occurrence of Leishmania sp. in cutaneous lesions of horses in Central Europe. Vet Parasitol 2009; 166:346-51. [PMID: 19800739 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 08/31/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present report describes a novel etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in horses that, at least for some cases, sporadically appeared as autochthonous infections in geographically distant regions of Germany and Switzerland. The infection was initially diagnosed upon clinical and immunohistological findings. Subsequent comparative sequence analysis of diagnostic PCR products from the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of ssrRNA classified the respective isolates as neither Old World nor New World Leishmania species. However, four isolates subjected to molecular analyses all exhibited a close phylogenetic relationship to Leishmania sp. siamensis, an organism recently identified in a visceral leishmaniasis patient from Thailand. Future investigations will demonstrate if this form of leishmaniasis represents an emerging, and perhaps zoonotic, disease of European, or even global, importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Müller
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Länggass-Str. 122, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland.
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Luckschander N, Hall JA, Gaschen F, Forster U, Wenzlow N, Hermann P, Allenspach K, Dobbelaere D, Burgener IA, Welle M. Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in dogs with chronic enteropathies. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2009; 133:228-36. [PMID: 19740552 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Revised: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Homeostasis in the intestinal microenvironment between the immune system and luminal antigens appears disturbed in chronic enteropathies. Pro-inflammatory cytokines likely play a role in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation. Several inflammatory and immunoregulatory genes have associated nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) binding sites, which allow NF-kappaB to regulate gene transcription. The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) the occurrence of NF-kappaB activation during mucosal inflammation in situ, (2) the mucosal distribution pattern of cells expressing activated NF-kappaB within treatment groups, and (3) the effect of specific therapy on NF-kappaB activation. Dogs with chronic enteropathy were studied (n=26) and compared with 13 healthy dogs. Ten dogs had food responsive disease (FRD) and 16 had inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). NF-kappaB activation was detected in duodenal mucosal biopsies using a mouse monoclonal antibody (MAB 3026) that selectively binds the nuclear localization sequence of activated NF-kappaB. To identify macrophages, biopsies were stained using the MAC 387 antibody. Macrophages in the lamina propria double-stained for MAC 387 and NF-kappaB were quantitated; epithelial cell expression of activated NF-kappaB was determined semi-quantitatively. Results showed that more macrophages positive for activated NF-kappaB were present in lamina propria of dogs with chronic enteropathy compared to control dogs (p<0.01). More NF-kappaB positive epithelial cells were observed in FRD dogs compared to IBD dogs (p<0.05). After therapy, the number of macrophages and epithelial cells staining positive for activated NF-kappaB decreased (p<0.01) in chronic enteropathy dogs. In conclusion, activation of NF-kappaB is closely associated with the pathophysiology of canine chronic enteropathy. Down-regulation follows successful therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Luckschander
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
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Bergmann W, Burgener I, Roccabianca P, Rytz U, Welle M. Primary Splenic Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour in a Dog. J Comp Pathol 2009; 141:195-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Welle M, Philipp U, Rufenacht S, Roosje P, Scharfenstein M, Schutz E, Brenig B, Linek M, Mecklenburg L, Grest P, Drogemuller M, Haase B, Leeb T, Drogemuller C. MLPH Genotype--Melanin Phenotype Correlation in Dilute Dogs. J Hered 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esp010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Favrot C, Welle M, Heimann M, Godson DL, Guscetti F. Clinical, Histologic, and Immunohistochemical Analyses of Feline Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ. Vet Pathol 2009; 46:25-33. [DOI: 10.1354/vp.46-1-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) and Bowenoid in situ carcinoma (BISC) are two distinct forms of in situ squamous cell carcinoma in felines. They usually occur on different locations and present with specific clinical and histologic features. However, in some cases, these diseases cannot be distinguished either clinically or histopathologically. The aim of the present study was to determine the accuracy of diagnosis based on clinical or histologic criteria alone, and whether immunohistochemistry for papillomavirus or p53 can improve the accuracy of diagnosis. A series of in situ squamous cell carcinoma cases ( n = 45) were selected according to their location and initial histologic classification and subsequently classified as AK ( n = 22) or BISC ( n = 23) according to the clinical criteria and were reevaluated histologically by 2 dermatopathologists. All BISC cases and most of the AK cases ( n = 15) were confirmed histologically. In 7 cases clinically classified as AK, this diagnosis was not unanimously confirmed histologically because of the presence of overlapping features. P53 immunoreactivity was observed in 11/14 (79%) confirmed AK cases and in 4/22 (18%) BISC cases, while papillomavirus antigen was not detected in any confirmed AK case but was detected in 11/23 (48%) BISC cases. It was concluded that BISC can usually be reliably diagnosed histologically. The histologic diagnosis of lesions clinically suggestive of AK might sometimes be difficult. Results of immunohistochemistry for p53 and papillomavirus antigen were supportive for a role of sun exposure and papillomavirus in the pathogenesis of AK and BISC, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Favrot
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Dermatology Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Welle
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Switzerland
| | - M. Heimann
- Institut de Pathologie et Génétique/bio.be, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - D. L. Godson
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - F. Guscetti
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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48
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Mausberg EM, Drögemüller C, Dolf G, Rüfenacht S, Welle M, Leeb T. Exclusion of patched homolog 2 (PTCH2
) as a candidate gene for alopecia X in pomeranians and keeshonden. Vet Rec 2008; 163:121-3. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.163.4.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E-M. Mausberg
- Institute of Genetics; University of Berne; Bremgartenstrasse 109a 3001 Berne Switzerland
| | - C. Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics; University of Berne; Bremgartenstrasse 109a 3001 Berne Switzerland
| | - G. Dolf
- Institute of Genetics; University of Berne; Bremgartenstrasse 109a 3001 Berne Switzerland
| | - S. Rüfenacht
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine; University of Berne; Länggassstrasse 128 3001 Berne Switzerland
| | - M. Welle
- Institute of Animal Pathology; University of Berne; Länggassstrasse 122 3001 Berne Switzerland
| | - T. Leeb
- Institute of Genetics; University of Berne; Bremgartenstrasse 109a 3001 Berne Switzerland
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49
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Reichler IM, Welle M, Eckrich C, Sattler U, Barth A, Hubler M, Nett-Mettler CS, Jöchle W, Arnold S. Spaying-induced coat changes: the role of gonadotropins, GnRH and GnRH treatment on the hair cycle of female dogs. Vet Dermatol 2008; 19:77-87. [PMID: 18336424 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2008.00652.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Although spaying can result in qualitative hair coat changes in dogs, the influence of spaying on the hair growth cycle has never been described. The study aims were to examine the effect of spaying and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) treatment on canine hair coat, cycle stages of hair follicles, plasma gonadotropin concentrations and mRNA transcription of luteinizing hormone (LH) and GnRH receptors in hair follicles. Fifteen female dogs were examined before and 1 year after spaying and 24 spayed dogs before and after GnRH treatment. Spaying resulted in increased plasma gonadotropin concentrations and increased anagen : telogen ratio of hair follicles, but only 20% of the dogs developed coat changes. No differences were found in mRNA transcription of LH and GnRH receptors. GnRH treatment resulted in reduced plasma gonadotropin concentrations and improvement of coat changes in 79% of patients. This was associated with an increase in catagen hair follicles without changes in the anagen : telogen ratio. The present study demonstrated that spaying had an effect on the anagen : telogen ratio of hair follicles. Spaying-induced coat changes did not correlate with the anagen : telogen ratio. GnRH treatment reduced gonadotropin concentrations and reversed coat changes in some dogs, but had no effect on the hair growth cycle other than increasing the number of catagen hair follicles. A weak positive correlation between the plasma LH concentration and the anagen : telogen ratio was noted; however, our data did not suggest a direct receptor-mediated hormonal effect on the hair follicle. The present study did not identify the pathomechanism of spaying-induced coat changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Margaret Reichler
- Section of Small Animal Reproduction, Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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50
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Mausberg EM, Drögemüller C, Dolf G, Leeb T, Rüfenacht S, Welle M. Evaluation of theCTSL2Gene as a Candidate Gene For Alopecia X in Pomeranians and Keeshonden. Anim Biotechnol 2007; 18:291-6. [DOI: 10.1080/10495390701547461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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