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Ding Y, Yanagi K, Yang F, Callaway E, Cheng C, Hensel ME, Menon R, Alaniz RC, Lee K, Jayaraman A. Oral supplementation of gut microbial metabolite indole-3-acetate alleviates diet-induced steatosis and inflammation in mice. eLife 2024; 12:RP87458. [PMID: 38412016 PMCID: PMC10942630 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in Western countries. There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and disruption of microbiota-host interactions contribute to the pathology of NAFLD. We previously demonstrated that gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolite indole-3-acetate (I3A) was decreased in both cecum and liver of high-fat diet-fed mice and attenuated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages and Tnfa and fatty acid-induced inflammatory responses in an aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent manner in hepatocytes. In this study, we investigated the effect of orally administered I3A in a mouse model of diet-induced NAFLD. Western diet (WD)-fed mice given sugar water (SW) with I3A showed dramatically decreased serum ALT, hepatic triglycerides (TG), liver steatosis, hepatocyte ballooning, lobular inflammation, and hepatic production of inflammatory cytokines, compared to WD-fed mice given only SW. Metagenomic analysis show that I3A administration did not significantly modify the intestinal microbiome, suggesting that I3A's beneficial effects likely reflect the metabolite's direct actions on the liver. Administration of I3A partially reversed WD-induced alterations of liver metabolome and proteome, notably, decreasing expression of several enzymes in hepatic lipogenesis and β-oxidation. Mechanistically, we also show that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of I3A in macrophages. The potency of I3A in alleviating liver steatosis and inflammation clearly demonstrates its potential as a therapeutic modality for preventing the progression of steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Ding
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Karin Yanagi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts UniversityMedfordUnited States
| | - Fang Yang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Evelyn Callaway
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Clint Cheng
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Martha E Hensel
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Rani Menon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
| | - Robert C Alaniz
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas Health Science Center, Texas A&M UniversityBryanUnited States
| | - Kyongbum Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts UniversityMedfordUnited States
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationUnited States
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas Health Science Center, Texas A&M UniversityBryanUnited States
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Douglas CM, Menon R, Montgomery J, Townsley R, Hilmi O, Buchanan MA, Robertson S, Petropoulakis L, Soraghan JJ, Lakany H, Mackenzie K. Vocal cord movement: can it be accurately graded? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024; 106:36-40. [PMID: 36263913 PMCID: PMC10757873 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Flexible nasendoscopy (FNE) is the principal assessment method for vocal cord movement. Because the procedure is inherently subjective it may not be possible for clinicians to grade the degree of vocal cord movement reliably. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and consistency of grading vocal cord movement as viewed via FNE. METHODS Thirty FNE videos, without sound or clinical information, were assessed by six consultant head and neck surgeons. The surgeons were asked to assess and grade right and left vocal cord movement independently, based on a five-category scale. This process was repeated three times on separate occasions. Agreement and reliability were assessed. RESULTS Mean overall observed inter-rater agreement was 67.7% (sd 1.9) with the five-category scale, increasing to 91.4% (sd 1.9) when a three-category scale was derived. Mean overall observed intra-rater agreement was 78.3% (sd 9.7) for five categories, increasing to 93.1% (sd 3.3) for three categories. Discriminating vocal cord motion was less reliable using the five-category scale (k = 0.52) than with the three-category scale (k = 0.68). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates quantitatively that it is challenging to accurately and consistently grade subtle differences in vocal cord movement, as proven by the reduced agreement and reliability when using a five-point scale instead of a three-point scale. The study highlights the need for an objective measure to help in the assessment of vocal cord movement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Menon
- University of Strathclyde, UK
| | | | | | - O Hilmi
- NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, UK
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Manjunath V, Thenral SG, Lakshmi BR, Nalini A, Bassi A, Karthikeyan KP, Piyusha K, Menon R, Malhotra A, Praveena LS, Anjanappa RM, Murugan SMS, Polavarapu K, Bardhan M, Preethish-Kumar V, Vengalil S, Nashi S, Sanga S, Acharya M, Raju R, Pai VR, Ramprasad VL, Gupta R. Large Region of Homozygous (ROH) Identified in Indian Patients with Autosomal Recessive Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy with p.Thr182Pro Variant in SGCB Gene. Hum Mutat 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/4362273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The sarcoglycanopathies are autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) caused by the mutations in genes encoding the α, β, γ, and δ proteins which stabilizes the sarcolemma of muscle cells. The clinical phenotype is characterized by progressive proximal muscle weakness with childhood onset. Muscle biopsy findings are diagnostic in confirming dystrophic changes and deficiency of one or more sarcoglycan proteins. In this study, we summarized 1,046 LGMD patients for which a precise diagnosis was identified using targeted sequencing. The most frequent phenotypes identified in the patients are LGMDR1 (19.7%), LGMDR4 (19.0%), LGMDR2 (17.5%), and MMD1 (14.5%). Among the reported genes, each of CAPN3, SGCB, and DYSF variants was reported in more than 10% of our study cohort. The most common variant SGCB p.Thr182Pro was identified in 146 (12.5%) of the LGMD patients, and in 97.9% of these patients, the variant was found to be homozygous. To understand the genetic structure of the patients carrying SGCB p.Thr182Pro, we genotyped 68 LGMD patients using a whole genome microarray. Analysis of the array data identified a large ~1 Mb region of homozygosity (ROH) (chr4:51817441-528499552) suggestive of a shared genomic region overlapping the recurrent missense variant and shared across all 68 patients. Haplotype analysis identified 133 marker haplotypes that were present in ~85.3% of the probands as a double allele and absent in all random controls. We also identified 5 markers (rs1910739, rs6852236, rs13122418, rs13353646, and rs6554360) which were present in a significantly higher proportion in the patients compared to random control set (
) and the population database. Of note, admixture analysis was suggestive of greater proportion of West Eurasian/European ancestry as compared to random controls. Haplotype analysis and frequency in the population database indicate a probable event of founder effect. Further systematic study is needed to identify the communities and regions where the SGCB p.Thr182Pro variant is observed in higher proportions. After identifying these communities and//or region, a screening program is needed to identify carriers and provide them counselling.
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ALAKWAA F, McCown P, Naik A, Schaub J, Menon R, Otto E, Nair V, Eddy S, Pyle L, Hartman J, Hodgin J, Nelson R, Brosius Division F, Kretzler M, Bjornstad P. WCN23-0471 THE ENHANCEMENT OF METALLOTHIONEIN BIND METAL PATHWAY WITH SGLT2 INHIBITORS IN KIDNEY PROXIMAL TUBULES OF ADOLESCENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES USING SINGLE CELL RNA-SEQ DATA. Kidney Int Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.02.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
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Chen YS, Li J, Neja S, Menon R, Jayaraman A, Lee K, Dashwood WM, Wang S, Kapoor S, Rajendran P, Zhang K, Dashwood R. Abstract A013: Metabolomics of acute vs. chronic spinach intake in an Apc-mutant genetic background: linoleate and butanoate metabolites targeting HDAC activity and IFN-γ signaling. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6215.tacpad22-a013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
There is growing interest in the crosstalk between the gut microbiome, metabolomic features, and disease pathogenesis. Colorectal cancer is a major health burden worldwide, linked in part to modifiable risk factors associated with diet and lifestyle (1). The differential roles of the metabolites in targeting Wnt/b-catenin signaling were recently reported (2). The current investigation compared long-term (26 week) and acute (3 day) dietary spinach intake in a genetic model of colorectal cancer. Metabolomic analyses in the polyposis in rat colon (Pirc) model and in wildtype animals corroborated key contributions to anticancer outcomes by spinach-derived linoleate bioactives and a butanoate metabolite linked to increased a-diversity of the gut microbiome (3). Combining linoleate and butanoate metabolites in human colon cancer cells revealed enhanced apoptosis and reduced cell viability, paralleling the apoptosis induction observed in colon tumors from rats given long-term spinach treatment. Mechanistic studies in cell-based assays and in vivo implicated the linoleate and butanoate metabolites in targeting histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and the interferon-g (IFN-g) signaling axis. Clinical translation of the findings from this investigation to at-risk patients might provide valuable quality-of-life benefits by delaying surgical interventions and drug therapies with adverse side effects (4,5).
References
1. Xi, Y., Xu, P. Global colorectal cancer burden in 2020 and projections to 2040. Transl Oncol 2021;14: 101174
2. Liu, F. et al. Suppression of membranous LPR5 recycling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and colon carcinogenesis by 15-LOX-1 peroxidation of linoleic acid in PI3P. Cell Rep 2020;32:108049.
3. Chen, Y.-S. et al. Dietary spinach reshapes the gut microbiome in an Apc-mutant genetic background: mechanistic insights from integrated multi-omics. Gut Microbes 2021;13:1972756.
4. Ulusan, A.M. et al. Optimization of erlotinib plus sulindac dosing regimens for intestinal cancer prevention in an Apc-mutant model of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP). Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021;14:325-336.
5. Samadder, N.J. et al. Association of sulindac and erlotinib vs placebo with colorectal neoplasia in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol 2018:4:671-677.
Citation Format: Ying-Shiuan Chen, Jia Li, Sultan Neja, Rani Menon, Arul Jayaraman, Kyongbum Lee, Wan Mohaiza Dashwood, Shan Wang, Sabeeta Kapoor, Praveen Rajendran, Ke Zhang, Roderick Dashwood. Metabolomics of acute vs. chronic spinach intake in an Apc-mutant genetic background: linoleate and butanoate metabolites targeting HDAC activity and IFN-γ signaling [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second Biennial NCI Meeting: Translational Advances in Cancer Prevention Agent Development (TACPAD); 2022 Sep 7-9. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2022;15(12 Suppl_2): Abstract nr A013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Shiuan Chen
- 1Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX
- 2The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jia Li
- 1Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX
| | - Sultan Neja
- 1Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX
| | - Rani Menon
- 3Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- 3Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Kyongbum Lee
- 4Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA
| | | | - Shan Wang
- 5Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Sabeeta Kapoor
- 1Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX
| | - Praveen Rajendran
- 1Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX
| | - Ke Zhang
- 1Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX
| | - Roderick Dashwood
- 1Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX
- 2The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- 6Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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Letsinger AC, Yang F, Menon R, Little-Letsinger SE, Granados JZ, Breidenbach B, Iyer AR, Padovani TC, Nagel EC, Jayaraman A, Lightfoot JT. Reduced Wheel Running via a High-Fat Diet Is Reversed by a Chow Diet with No Added Benefit from Fecal Microbial Transplants. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1437-1447. [PMID: 35969165 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic overfeeding via a high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS) diet decreases wheel running and substantially alters the gut metabolome of C57BL/6J mice. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that fecal microbial transplants can modulate the effect of diet on wheel running. METHODS Singly housed, 6-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a grain-based diet (CHOW) or HFHS diet and provided a running wheel for 13 wk. Low-active, HFHS-exposed mice were then either switched to a CHOW diet and given an oral fecal microbial transplant from mice fed the CHOW diet, switched to a CHOW diet and given a sham transplant, or remained on the HFHS diet and given a fecal microbial transplant from mice fed the CHOW diet. Total wheel running, nutrient intake, body composition, fecal microbial composition, fecal metabolite composition, and liver steatosis were measured at various times throughout the study. RESULTS We found that an HFHS diet decreases wheel running activity, increases body fat, and decreases microbial alpha diversity compared with a CHOW diet. Improvements in wheel running, body composition, and microbial alpha diversity were accomplished within 2 wk for mice switched from an HFHS diet to a CHOW diet with no clear evidence of an added benefit from fecal transplants. A fecal transplant from mice fed a CHOW diet without altering diet did not improve wheel running or body composition. Wheel running, body composition, fecal microbial composition, fecal metabolite composition, and liver steatosis percentage were primarily determined by diet. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that diet is a primary mediator of wheel running with no clear effect from fecal microbial transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayland C Letsinger
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Fang Yang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Rani Menon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | - Jorge Z Granados
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Brianne Breidenbach
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Anjushree R Iyer
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | - Edward C Nagel
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - J Timothy Lightfoot
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
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Landi L, Tiseo M, Heukamp L, Menon R, de Marinis F, Minuti G, Cortinovis D, Delmonte A, Galetta D, Bertrand M, Zacher A, Gridelli C, Jacobs F, Chiari R, Verusio C, Giannarelli D, Crinò L, Cappuzzo F. P2.14-02 TP53 Mutations Affect Sensitivity to Lorlatinib in ROS1 Positive NSCLC: Final Results of the PFROST Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Saikeerthi S, Menon R. A Psycho-Sociological Study on God men: What Draws Devotees of Various Socio-Economic Groups to Ashrams in India? CM 2022. [DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2022.23.350359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper observes the increasing influence of godmen in India and the socio-economic division among devotees that influences their decision to follow them. The study navigates through various social spheres and predominantly focuses on lower-income groups, middle-income groups, and upper-income groups to piece together the research paper. It focuses on in-depth interviews as a primary source of understanding these differences and is followed by possible deductions of the same, keeping in mind the hypothesis that there is a socio-economic divide in this seemingly secular framework of spirituality and religion, as defined by the devotees. These interviews are narrative analyzed to detect any recurring patterns within the economic groups and the following groups. Constructivism as a theory is used to understand how the arguments put forward by the interviewees are influenced by their social position in society and how they are inclined towards understanding reality on individual terms. The study’s findings prove that a possible correlation can be derived between an individual’s economic standing and expectations while following a certain godmen.
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Chen YS, Li J, Menon R, Jayaraman A, Lee K, Huang Y, Dashwood WM, Zhang K, Sun D, Dashwood RH. Dietary spinach reshapes the gut microbiome in an Apc-mutant genetic background: mechanistic insights from integrated multi-omics. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1972756. [PMID: 34494932 PMCID: PMC8437542 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1972756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex interrelationships govern the dynamic interactions between gut microbes, the host, and exogenous drivers of disease outcome. A multi-omics approach to cancer prevention by spinach (SPI) was pursued for the first time in the polyposis in rat colon (Pirc) model. SPI fed for 26 weeks (10% w/w, freeze-dried in the diet) exhibited significant antitumor efficacy and, in the Apc-mutant genetic background, β-catenin remained highly overexpressed in adenomatous polyps. However, in both wild type and Apc-mutant rats, increased gut microbiome diversity after SPI consumption coincided with reversal of taxonomic composition. Metagenomic prediction implicated linoleate and butanoate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and pathways in cancer, which was supported by transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Thus, tumor suppression by SPI involved marked reshaping of the gut microbiome along with changes in host RNA-miRNA networks. When colon polyps were compared with matched normal-looking tissues via metabolomics, anticancer outcomes were linked to SPI-derived linoleate bioactives with known anti-inflammatory/ proapoptotic mechanisms, as well as N-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate, consistent with altered butanoate metabolism stemming from increased α-diversity of the gut microbiome. In colon tumors from SPI-fed rats, L-glutamate and N-acetylneuraminate also were reduced, implicating altered mitochondrial energetics and cell surface glycans involved in oncogenic signaling networks and immune evasion. In conclusion, a multi-omics approach to cancer prevention by SPI provided mechanistic support for linoleate and butanoate metabolism, as well as tumor-associated changes in L-glutamate and N-acetylneuraminate. Additional factors, such as the fiber content, also warrant further investigation with a view to delaying colectomy and drug intervention in at-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jia Li
- Texas A&M Health, Houston, USA
| | - Rani Menon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
| | - Kyongbum Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Roderick H. Dashwood
- Texas A&M Health, Houston, USA,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, USA,CONTACT Roderick H. Dashwood Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, 2121 W. Holcombe Blvd., Houston, Texass 77030, USA
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Devi A, Neogy S, Sharma S, Menon R, Tewari R. Characterization of argon ion irradiation induced changes in microstructure and mechanical property of binary Zr−2.9 wt% Sn alloy. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Govindkumar B, Kavyashree B, Patel K, Sasidharan K, Siva Arumugam T, Thomas L, Praveena BKG, Raksha HN, Menon R, Acharya KK. Ex-Ex Primer: An experimentally validated tool for designing oligonucleotides spanning spliced nucleic acid regions from multiple species. J Biotechnol 2021; 343:1-6. [PMID: 34756973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study of existing junction-primer-designing software revealed many limitations among them. Hence, we developed a new computational program, Ex-Ex Primer, which offers many improved, user-friendly features, and reliably creates junction primers and probes. This online suite can also be used to design primers/probes from other sites of nucleic acid recombination, insertion, deletion, or splicing, and regular probes/primers. The threshold for Tm difference between the complete junctional primer vs its partial sequence, which maps to one of the junctional regions, was changed based on an important observation made during the initial experimental validations. The tool is now thoroughly checked with RT-PCR and RT-qPCR experiments with more than 250 primer pairs over a few years. The junction-primer-designing features of the software are also better than other equivalent tools. Visualizing the exons and introns across transcripts, and enabling primer designing based on information from Ensembl, are some of the unique features of this tool. The primers suggested by the tool can be used to detect the expression of known transcripts, to test the existence of predicted DNA or RNA joints via hybridization-based techniques, or for validation and in silico analysis of RNA-Seq. URL: http://resource2.ibab.ac.in/exprimer/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balagannavar Govindkumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Basavaraju Kavyashree
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishna Patel
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India; Shodhaka Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India
| | - Kalesh Sasidharan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India
| | - T Siva Arumugam
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India
| | - Lijo Thomas
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India; Shodhaka Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India
| | - B K G Praveena
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India
| | - H N Raksha
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India; Shodhaka Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India
| | - R Menon
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India; Shodhaka Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India
| | - K K Acharya
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India; Shodhaka Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, Karnataka, India.
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Chapkin RS, Davidson LA, Park H, Jin UH, Fan YY, Cheng Y, Hensel ME, Landrock KK, Allred C, Menon R, Klemashevich C, Jayaraman A, Safe S. Role of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) in Mediating the Effects of Coffee in the Colon. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100539. [PMID: 34406707 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This study investigates the mechanism of action and functional effects of coffee extracts in colonic cells, on intestinal stem cell growth, and inhibition of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced intestinal barrier damage in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Aqueous coffee extracts induced Ah receptor (AhR) -responsive CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and UGT1A1 gene expression in colon-derived Caco2 and YAMC cells. Tissue-specific AhR knockout (AhRf/f x Lgr5-GFP-CreERT2 x Villin-Cre), wild-type (Lgr5-CreERT2 x Villin-Cre) mice are sources of stem cell enriched organoids and both coffee extracts and norharman, an AhR-active component of these extracts inhibited stem cell growth. Coffee extracts also inhibit DSS-induced damage to intestinal barrier function and DSS-induced mucosal inflammatory genes such as IL-6 and TGF-β1 in wild-type (AhR+/+ ) but not AhR-/- mice. In contrast, coffee does not exhibit protective effects in intestinal-specific AhR knockout mice. Coffee extracts also enhanced overall formation of AhR-active microbial metabolites. CONCLUSIONS In colon-derived cells and in the mouse intestine, coffee induced several AhR-dependent responses including gene expression, inhibition of intestinal stem cell-enriched organoid growth, and inhibition of DSS-induced intestinal barrier damage. We conclude that the anti-inflammatory effects of coffee in the intestine are due, in part, to activation of AhR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Chapkin
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry & Biophysics Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Laurie A Davidson
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry & Biophysics Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Hyejin Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Un-Ho Jin
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yang-Yi Fan
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry & Biophysics Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yating Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Martha E Hensel
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Kerstin K Landrock
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry & Biophysics Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Clinton Allred
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry & Biophysics Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Rani Menon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Cory Klemashevich
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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Wu CS, Muthyala SDV, Klemashevich C, Ufondu AU, Menon R, Chen Z, Devaraj S, Jayaraman A, Sun Y. Age-dependent remodeling of gut microbiome and host serum metabolome in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6330-6345. [PMID: 33612480 PMCID: PMC7993679 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between microbiota and host metabolism plays an important role in health. Here, we examined the relationship between age, gut microbiome and host serum metabolites in male C57BL/6J mice. Fecal microbiome analysis of 3, 6, 18, and 28 months (M) old mice showed that the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was highest in the 6M group; the decrease of Firmicutes in the older age groups suggests a reduced capacity of gut microflora to harvest energy from food. We found age-dependent increase in Proteobacteria, which may lead to altered mucus structure more susceptible to bacteria penetration and ultimately increased intestinal inflammation. Metabolomic profiling of polar serum metabolites at fed state in 3, 12, 18 and 28M mice revealed age-associated changes in metabolic cascades involved in tryptophan, purine, amino acids, and nicotinamide metabolism. Correlation analyses showed that nicotinamide decreased with age, while allantoin and guanosine, metabolites in purine metabolism, increased with age. Notably, tryptophan and its microbially derived compounds indole and indole-3-lactic acid significantly decreased with age, while kynurenine increased with age. Together, these results suggest a significant interplay between bacterial and host metabolism, and gut dysbiosis and altered microbial metabolism contribute to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Shan Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Cory Klemashevich
- Integrated Metabolomics Analysis Core, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | | | - Rani Menon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sridevi Devaraj
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Menon R, Menon S, Ajith T. Prevalence of subclinical keratoconus in children presenting with refractive errors: A cross-sectional study. Kerala J Ophthalmol 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/kjo.kjo_103_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Irving T, Menon R, Ciantar E. Trauma during pregnancy. BJA Educ 2021; 21:10-19. [PMID: 33456969 PMCID: PMC7808026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjae.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. Irving
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - R. Menon
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - E. Ciantar
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Yang F, DeLuca JAA, Menon R, Garcia-Vilarato E, Callaway E, Landrock KK, Lee K, Safe SH, Chapkin RS, Allred CD, Jayaraman A. Effect of diet and intestinal AhR expression on fecal microbiome and metabolomic profiles. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:219. [PMID: 33256731 PMCID: PMC7708923 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01463-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet, loss of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression and their modification of the gut microbiota community composition and its metabolites affect the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the concordance between fecal microbiota composition and the fecal metabolome is poorly understood. Mice with specific AhR deletion (AhRKO) in intestinal epithelial cell and their wild-type littermates were fed a low-fat diet or a high-fat diet. Shifts in the fecal microbiome and metabolome associated with diet and loss of AhR expression were assessed. Microbiome and metabolome data were integrated to identify specific microbial taxa that contributed to the observed metabolite shifts. RESULTS Our analysis shows that diet has a more pronounced effect on mouse fecal microbiota composition than the impact of the loss of AhR. In contrast, metabolomic analysis showed that the loss of AhR in intestinal epithelial cells had a more pronounced effect on metabolite profile compared to diet. Integration analysis of microbiome and metabolome identified unclassified Clostridiales, unclassified Desulfovibrionaceae, and Akkermansia as key contributors to the synthesis and/or utilization of tryptophan metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Akkermansia are likely to contribute to the synthesis and/or degradation of tryptophan metabolites. Our study highlights the use of multi-omic analysis to investigate the relationship between the microbiome and metabolome and identifies possible taxa that can be targeted to manipulate the microbiome for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Rani Menon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Evelyn Callaway
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Kyongbum Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Stephen H Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Clinton D Allred
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Lamont RF, Richardson LS, Boniface JJ, Cobo T, Exner MM, Christensen IB, Forslund SK, Gaba A, Helmer H, Jørgensen JS, Khan RN, McElrath TF, Petro K, Rasmussen M, Singh R, Tribe RM, Vink JS, Vinter CA, Zhong N, Menon R. Commentary on a combined approach to the problem of developing biomarkers for the prediction of spontaneous preterm labor that leads to preterm birth. Placenta 2020; 98:13-23. [PMID: 33039027 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Globally, preterm birth has replaced congenital malformation as the major cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. The reduced rate of congenital malformation was not achieved through a single biophysical or biochemical marker at a specific gestational age, but rather through a combination of clinical, biophysical and biochemical markers at different gestational ages. Since the aetiology of spontaneous preterm birth is also multifactorial, it is unlikely that a single biomarker test, at a specific gestational age will emerge as the definitive predictive test. METHODS The Biomarkers Group of PREBIC, comprising clinicians, basic scientists and other experts in the field, with a particular interest in preterm birth have produced this commentary with short, medium and long-term aims: i) to alert clinicians to the advances that are being made in the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth; ii) to encourage clinicians and scientists to continue their efforts in this field, and not to be disheartened or nihilistic because of a perceived lack of progress and iii) to enable development of novel interventions that can reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with preterm birth. RESULTS Using language that we hope is clear to practising clinicians, we have identified 11 Sections in which there exists the potential, feasibility and capability of technologies for candidate biomarkers in the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth and how current limitations to this research might be circumvented. DISCUSSION The combination of biophysical, biochemical, immunological, microbiological, fetal cell, exosomal, or cell free RNA at different gestational ages, integrated as part of a multivariable predictor model may be necessary to advance our attempts to predict sPTL and PTB. This will require systems biological data using "omics" data and artificial intelligence/machine learning to manage the data appropriately. The ultimate goal is to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Lamont
- Research Unit of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Division of Surgery, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research Campus, University College London, London, UK.
| | - L S Richardson
- Dept of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - J J Boniface
- Sera Prognostics, Inc., 2749 East Parleys Way, Suite 200, Salt Lake City, UT, 84109, USA
| | - T Cobo
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clínic de Ginecología, Obstetrícia I Neonatología, Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona. Barcelona. Spain, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M M Exner
- Hologic, Inc., 10210 Genetic Center Dr, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | | | - S K Forslund
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin and the Max-Delbrück Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Gaba
- Department of Obstetrics and Maternal-fetal Medicine, Vienna Medical University, Austria
| | - H Helmer
- Department of Obstetrics and Maternal-fetal Medicine, Vienna Medical University, Austria
| | - J S Jørgensen
- Research Unit of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Centre for Innovative Medical Technologies (CIMT), Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 8, 5000, Odense C, Denmark; Odense Patient Data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital/University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9 a, 3. Floor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - R N Khan
- Division of Medical Science and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Room 4115, Medical School, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK
| | | | - K Petro
- Hologic, Inc., 10210 Genetic Center Dr, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - M Rasmussen
- MIRVIE Inc., 820 Dubuque Ave., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - R Singh
- ARCEDI Biotech ApS, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - R M Tribe
- Dept. of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - J S Vink
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - C A Vinter
- Research Unit of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - N Zhong
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 105 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY, 10314, USA
| | - R Menon
- Dept of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Hassanpour N, Alden N, Menon R, Jayaraman A, Lee K, Hassoun S. Biological Filtering and Substrate Promiscuity Prediction for Annotating Untargeted Metabolomics. Metabolites 2020; 10:E160. [PMID: 32326153 PMCID: PMC7241244 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10040160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry coupled with chromatography separation techniques provides a powerful platform for untargeted metabolomics. Determining the chemical identities of detected compounds however remains a major challenge. Here, we present a novel computational workflow, termed extended metabolic model filtering (EMMF), that aims to engineer a candidate set, a listing of putative chemical identities to be used during annotation, through an extended metabolic model (EMM). An EMM includes not only canonical substrates and products of enzymes already cataloged in a database through a reference metabolic model, but also metabolites that can form due to substrate promiscuity. EMMF aims to strike a balance between discovering previously uncharacterized metabolites and the computational burden of annotation. EMMF was applied to untargeted LC-MS data collected from cultures of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and murine cecal microbiota. EMM metabolites matched, on average, to 23.92% of measured masses, providing a > 7-fold increase in the candidate set size when compared to a reference metabolic model. Many metabolites suggested by EMMF are not catalogued in PubChem. For the CHO cell, we experimentally confirmed the presence of 4-hydroxyphenyllactate, a metabolite predicted by EMMF that has not been previously documented as part of the CHO cell metabolic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Hassanpour
- Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02421, USA;
| | - Nicholas Alden
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02421, USA; (N.A.); (K.L.)
| | - Rani Menon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (R.M.); (A.J.)
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (R.M.); (A.J.)
| | - Kyongbum Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02421, USA; (N.A.); (K.L.)
| | - Soha Hassoun
- Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02421, USA;
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02421, USA; (N.A.); (K.L.)
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Jivraj BA, Ahmed N, Karia K, Menon R, Robertson E, Sodha A, Wormald JCR, O'hara J, Jeelani O, Dunaway D, James G, Ong J. A 24-month cost and outcome analysis comparing traditional fronto-orbital advancment and remodeling with endoscopic strip craniectomy and molding helmet in the management of unicoronal craniosynostosis: A retrospective bi-institutional review. JPRAS Open 2020; 20:35-42. [PMID: 32158870 PMCID: PMC7061657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Endoscopic strip craniectomy with helmeting (ESCH) has been shown to be a safe and efficacious alternative to fronto-orbital remodeling (FOR) for selected children with craniosynostosis. In addition to clinical factors, there may be economic benefits from the use of ESCH instead of FOR. Methods A retrospective review of 23 patients with nonsyndromic unicoronal craniosynostosis (UCS) treated with FOR was carried out at Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH) for Children in London, UK. Secondary data were used for the ESCH cohort from a paper published by Jimenez and Barone (2013). Data were collected on surgical time, transfusion rates, length of hospital stay, adverse event rates, reintervention rates, and overall costs. Costs were categorized and then assigned to the appropriate data sets. Results The mean age of patients undergoing FOR (vs. ESCH) was 17.4 mo (vs. 3.1 mo) with a mean surgical time of 234 min (vs. 55 min), mean transfusion volume of 221.6 mL (vs. 80.0 mL), mean transfusion rate of 14/23 (vs. 2/115), and a total immediate overnight stay of 3.13 days (vs. 97% next-day discharge). The FOR group had a higher adverse event rate (5/23 vs. 4/115, p=<0.005) and a higher number requiring extraocular muscle surgery (4/23 vs. 7/109, p=0.16). There was a substantial difference in overall costs between the two groups. Total variance cost for the FOR group was £7436.5 vs. £4951.35, representing a cost difference of £2485.15 over the 24-month study period. Conclusion ESCH, in comparison to FOR, appears as a more economical method in the management of USC patients, as well as having clinical benefits including reduced adverse event rate and improved ophthalmic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Jivraj
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - N Ahmed
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - K Karia
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - R Menon
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - E Robertson
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - A Sodha
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - J C R Wormald
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - J O'hara
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - O Jeelani
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - D Dunaway
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - G James
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - J Ong
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, UK
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Garcia-Villatoro EL, DeLuca JAA, Callaway ES, Allred KF, Davidson LA, Hensel ME, Menon R, Ivanov I, Safe SH, Jayaraman A, Chapkin RS, Allred CD. Effects of high-fat diet and intestinal aryl hydrocarbon receptor deletion on colon carcinogenesis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 318:G451-G463. [PMID: 31905023 PMCID: PMC7137094 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00268.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of a high-fat diet has been associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the effects of the interaction between dietary fat content and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) on colorectal carcinogenesis remain unclear. Mainly known for its role in xenobiotic metabolism, AhR has been identified as an important regulator for maintaining intestinal epithelial homeostasis. Although previous research using whole body AhR knockout mice has revealed an increased incidence of colon and cecal tumors, the unique role of AhR activity in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and modifying effects of fat content in the diet at different stages of sporadic CRC development are yet to be elucidated. In the present study, we have examined the effects of a high-fat diet on IEC-specific AhR knockout mice in a model of sporadic CRC. Although loss of AhR activity in IECs significantly induced the development of premalignant lesions, in a separate experiment, no significant changes in colon mass incidence were observed. Moreover, consumption of a high-fat diet promoted cell proliferation in crypts at the premalignant colon cancer lesion stage and colon mass multiplicity as well as β-catenin expression and nuclear localization in actively proliferating cells in colon masses. Our data demonstrate the modifying effects of high-fat diet and AhR deletion in IECs on tumor initiation and progression.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Through the use of an intestinal-specific aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) knockout mouse model, this study demonstrates that the expression of AhR in intestinal epithelial cells is required to reduce the formation of premalignant colon cancer lesions. Furthermore, consumption of a high-fat diet and the loss of AhR in intestinal epithelial cells influences the development of colorectal cancer at various stages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer A. A. DeLuca
- 1Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Evelyn S. Callaway
- 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Kimberly F. Allred
- 1Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Laurie A. Davidson
- 1Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas,3Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Martha E. Hensel
- 4Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Rani Menon
- 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- 5Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Stephen H. Safe
- 5Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Robert S. Chapkin
- 1Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas,3Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Clinton D. Allred
- 1Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Ponangi U, Kapadia A, Menon R. 778 A Novel Approach to Prevent No-Reflow in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients With Large Thrombus Burden. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lei M, Menon R, Manteiga S, Alden N, Hunt C, Alaniz RC, Lee K, Jayaraman A. Environmental Chemical Diethylhexyl Phthalate Alters Intestinal Microbiota Community Structure and Metabolite Profile in Mice. mSystems 2019; 4:e00724-19. [PMID: 31822602 PMCID: PMC6906742 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00724-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to environmental chemicals during windows of development is a potentially contributing factor in gut microbiota dysbiosis and linked to chronic diseases and developmental disorders. We used a community-level model of microbiota metabolism to investigate the effects of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), a ubiquitous plasticizer implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders, on the composition and metabolite outputs of gut microbiota in young mice. Administration of DEHP by oral gavage increased the abundance of Lachnoclostridium, while decreasing Clostridium sensu stricto Addition of DEHP to in vitro-cultured cecal microbiota increased the abundance of Paenibacillus and Lachnoclostridium Untargeted metabolomics showed that DEHP broadly altered the metabolite profile in the culture. Notably, DEHP enhanced the production of p-cresol while inhibiting butyrate synthesis. Metabolic model-guided correlation analysis indicated that the likely sources of p-cresol are Clostridium species. Monoculture of Lachnoclostridium bolteae confirmed that it is capable of producing p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, the immediate precursor of p-cresol, and that the species' growth is enhanced upon DEHP exposure. Taken together, these findings suggest a model where DEHP increases production of p-cresol, a bacterial metabolite linked with neurodevelopmental disorders, by expanding the abundance of species that synthesize the metabolite's precursor.IMPORTANCE Several previous studies have pointed to environmental chemical exposure during windows of development as a contributing factor in neurodevelopmental disorders and correlated these disorders with microbiota dysbiosis; however, little is known about how the chemicals specifically alter the microbiota to interfere with development. The findings reported in this paper unambiguously establish that a pollutant linked with neurodevelopmental disorders can directly modify the microbiota to promote the production of a potentially toxic metabolite (p-cresol) that has also been correlated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Furthermore, we used a novel modeling strategy to identify the responsible enzymes and bacterial sources of this metabolite. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to characterize the functional consequence of phthalate exposure on a developed microbiota. Our results suggest that specific bacterial pathways could be developed as diagnostic and therapeutic targets against health risks posed by ingestion of environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lei
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rani Menon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Sara Manteiga
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas Alden
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carrie Hunt
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Robert C Alaniz
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Kyongbum Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Landi L, Tiseo M, Heukamp L, Menon R, Spitaleri G, Cortinovis D, Delmonte A, Galetta D, D’Arcangelo M, D’Incà F, Bertrand M, Jóri B, Zacher A, Gridelli C, Novello S, Chiari R, Verusio C, Crinò L, Cappuzzo F. Secondary ROS1 mutations and lorlatinib sensitivity in crizotinib-refractory ROS1 positive NSCLC: Results of the prospective PFROST trial. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz260.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Nanda S, Menon R, Kumari S, Mohan N, Kesavadas C. Visual-verbal paired associate memory in mild cognitive impairment: A neuropsychological and brain volumetric study. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Scott KP, Grimaldi R, Cunningham M, Sarbini SR, Wijeyesekera A, Tang MLK, Lee JCY, Yau YF, Ansell J, Theis S, Yang K, Menon R, Arfsten J, Manurung S, Gourineni V, Gibson GR. Developments in understanding and applying prebiotics in research and practice-an ISAPP conference paper. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:934-949. [PMID: 31446668 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The concept of using specific dietary components to selectively modulate the gut microbiota to confer a health benefit, defined as prebiotics, originated in 1995. In 2018, a group of scientists met at the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics annual meeting in Singapore to discuss advances in the prebiotic field, focussing on issues affecting functionality, research methodology and geographical differences. METHODS AND RESULTS The discussion ranged from examining scientific literature supporting the efficacy of established prebiotics, to the prospects for establishing health benefits associated with novel compounds, isolated from different sources. CONCLUSIONS While many promising candidate prebiotics from across the globe have been highlighted in preliminary research, there are a limited number with both demonstrated mechanism of action and defined health benefits as required to meet the prebiotic definition. Prebiotics are part of a food industry with increasing market sales, yet there are great disparities in regulations in different countries. Identification and commercialization of new prebiotics with unique health benefits means that regulation must improve and remain up-to-date so as not to risk stifling research with potential health benefits for humans and other animals. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY This summary of the workshop discussions indicates potential avenues for expanding the range of prebiotic substrates, delivery methods to enhance health benefits for the end consumer and guidance to better elucidate their activities in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Scott
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - R Grimaldi
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - M Cunningham
- Metagenics (Aust) Pty Ltd., Virginia, Queensland, Australia
| | - S R Sarbini
- Department of Crop Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Bintulu Campus, Malaysia
| | - A Wijeyesekera
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - M L K Tang
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - J C-Y Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y F Yau
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - J Ansell
- Zespri International Ltd, Mt Maunganui, New Zealand
| | - S Theis
- Beneo-Institute, Obrigheim, Germany
| | - K Yang
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - R Menon
- The Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Arfsten
- Nestlé Product and Technology Center Dairy, Konolfingen, Switzerland
| | - S Manurung
- Reckitt Benckiser, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - V Gourineni
- Ingredion Incorporated, Bridgewater, NJ, USA
| | - G R Gibson
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Wang H, Jayaraman A, Menon R, Gejji V, Karthikeyan R, Fernando S. A non-beta-lactam antibiotic inhibitor for enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O104:H4. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:1285-1297. [PMID: 31254005 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The overuse of antibiotics has caused an increased prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria. Bacterial resistance in E. coli is regulated via production of β-lactam-hydrolyzing β-lactamases enzymes. Escherichia coli O104: H4 is a multi-drug resistant strain known to resist β-lactam as well as several other antibiotics. Here, we report a molecular dynamic simulation-combined docking approach to identify, screen, and verify active pharmacophores against enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). Experimental studies revealed a boronic acid cyclic monomer (BACM), a non-β-lactam compound, to inhibit the growth of E. coli O104: H4. In vitro Kirby Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility testing coupled interaction analysis suggests BACM inhibits E. coli O104:H4 growth by not only inhibiting the β-lactamase pathway but also via direct inhibition of the penicillin-binding protein. These results suggest that BACM could be used as a lead compound to develop potent drugs targeting beta-lactam resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. KEY MESSAGES: • An in silico approach was reported to identify pharmacophores against E. coli O104: H4. • In vitro studies revealed a non-β-lactam compound to inhibit the growth of E. coli O104: H4. • This non-β-lactam compound could be used as a lead compound for targeting beta-lactam strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqi Wang
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rani Menon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Varun Gejji
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Sandun Fernando
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Letsinger AC, Menon R, Granados JZ, Breidenbach BM, Nagel EC, Castro TN, Little SA, Jayaraman A, Lightfoot JT. The Gut Microbiome Modulates Diet’s Effect on the Regulation of Physical Activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000563501.38191.2e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Menon
- Chemical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - Ben Fitzsimmons
- Chemical and Biological EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA
| | - Manoj U Vanajakumari
- Business Analytics, Information Systems and Supply ChainUniversity of North Carolina WilmingtonWilmingtonNC
| | - Kyongbum Lee
- Chemical and Biological EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Chemical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
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Lozovyy V, Richardson L, Saade G, Menon R. 1027: Screening for membrane progesterone receptors: labor associated functional progesterone withdrawal in fetal membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2018.11.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Menon R, Menon S. Brittle cornea syndrome. Kerala J Ophthalmol 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/kjo.kjo_56_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Schatz S, Falk M, Menon R, Heukamp L, Roeper J, Griesinger F, Tiemann M. Hybrid capture NGS reliably detects a spectrum of clinically significant genetic aberrations in both, primary diagnostics and the relapse scenario. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy292.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Hengsbach A, Lakis S, Heitz F, Talwar A, Sehouli J, Bommert M, Bertrand M, Ataseven B, Müller JN, Schneider S, Mariotti E, Prader S, Menon R, Leenders F, Heukamp LC, Braicu I, Glöckner C, du Bois A, Heuckmann JM. Liquid biopsy zur objektiven Beurteilung des post-operativen Tumorrestes bei Patientinnen mit fortgeschrittenem high-grade serösem Ovarialkarzinom. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1671040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Hengsbach
- Kliniken Essen-Mitte (KEM), Gynäkologische Onkologie, Essen, Deutschland
| | - S Lakis
- NEO New Oncology, Köln, Deutschland
| | - F Heitz
- Kliniken Essen-Mitte (KEM), Essen, Deutschland
| | - A Talwar
- NEO New Oncology, Köln, Deutschland
| | - J Sehouli
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - M Bommert
- Kliniken Essen Mitte, Gynäkologie und Gynäkologische Onkologie, Essen, Deutschland
| | | | - B Ataseven
- Kliniken Essen Mitte, Essen, Deutschland
| | | | - S Schneider
- Kliniken Essen Mitte, Gynäkologie und Gynäkologische Onkologie, Essen, Deutschland
| | | | - S Prader
- Kliniken Essen Mitte, Essen, Deutschland
| | - R Menon
- NEO New Oncology, Köln, Deutschland
| | | | | | - I Braicu
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | | | - A du Bois
- Kliniken Essen Mitte, Essen, Deutschland
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DeLuca JAA, Allred KF, Menon R, Riordan R, Weeks BR, Jayaraman A, Allred CD. Bisphenol-A alters microbiota metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids and worsens disease activity during colitis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:864-875. [PMID: 29874946 PMCID: PMC6022909 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218782139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a complex collection of disorders. Microbial dysbiosis as well as exposure to toxins including xenoestrogens are thought to be risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease development and relapse. Bisphenol-A has been shown to exert estrogenic activity in the colon and alter intestinal function, but the role that xenoestrogens, such as bisphenol-A , play in colonic inflammation has been previously described but with conflicting results. We investigated the ability of bisphenol-A to exacerbate colonic inflammation and alter microbiota metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids in an acute dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model. Female C57BL/6 mice were ovariectomized and exposed to bisphenol-A daily for 15 days. Disease activity measures include body weight, fecal consistency, and rectal bleeding. Colons were scored for inflammation, injury, and nodularity. Alterations in the levels of microbiota metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids known to reflect phenotypic changes in the gut microbiome were analyzed. Bisphenol-A exposure increased mortality and worsened disease activity as well as inflammation and nodularity scores in the middle colon region following dextran sulfate sodium exposure. Unique patterns of metabolites were associated with bisphenol-A consumption. Regardless of dextran sulfate sodium treatment, bisphenol-A reduced levels of tryptophan and several metabolites associated with decreased inflammation in the colon. This is the first study to show that bisphenol-A treatment alone can reduce microbiota metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids in the colon which may be associated with increased colonic inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease. Impact statement As rates of inflammatory bowel disease rise, discovery of the mechanisms related to the development of these conditions is important. Environmental exposure is hypothesized to play a role in etiology of the disease, as are alterations in the gut microbiome and the metabolites they produce. This study is the first to show that bisphenol-A alone alters tryptophan and microbiota metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids in a manner consistent with autoimmune diseases, specifically inflammatory bowel diseases, regardless of dextran sulfate sodium treatment. These findings indicate a potential mechanism by which bisphenol-A negatively affects gut physiology to exacerbate inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer AA DeLuca
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Kimberly F Allred
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Rani Menon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Rebekah Riordan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Brad R Weeks
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Clinton D Allred
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Menon R, Kumar V, Laskhman I, Nair R. Hemispheric infarct following a cerebellar hematoma: A rare coincidence. Asian J Neurosurg 2018; 13:449-452. [PMID: 29682058 PMCID: PMC5898129 DOI: 10.4103/ajns.ajns_227_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Concomitant cerebral infarction developing soon after a parenchymal intracerebral hemorrhage is a rare occurrence. Usually, these remote site changes follow tumor decompression and are associated with hemorrhagic changes rather than infarcts. We report a case of a fatal malignant internal carotid territory infarct in a hospitalized patient being conservatively managed for a vermian hematoma and discuss the probable pathophysiology. Stroke physicians need to be aware that spontaneous intracerebral hematoma patients have a potential threat of developing large vessel occlusion with malignant cerebral infarcts, especially after surgical decompression. Although the exact pathogenesis is unknown, size of the clot, intraventricular hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, and aggressive reduction of blood pressure appear to be predictive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Menon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka
| | - I Laskhman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka
| | - Rajesh Nair
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka
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Abstract
Sarcoma-180 tumour (S-180) exhibits natural resistance to bouvardin (NSC 259968), a protein synthesis inhibitor that also inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis when administered over a range of non-toxic doses using 0.9 % NaCl as a vehicle. However, using Tween-80 as a vehicle, there is a substantial enhancement of cytotoxicity and a subsequent increase in the life span of animals bearing the S-180 tumour. This observation was substantiated in vitro by exposing S-180 cells to 10−6 M bouvardin in the presence and absence of Tween-80. Bouvardin, 10−6 M, in the absence of Tween-80, inhibited the incorporation of [3H]uridine by 46 %, whereas the presence of Tween-80 resulted in a 66 % inhibition of uridine incorporation.
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Chitnis M, Menon R, Adwankar M, Satyamoorthy K. Inhibition of Macromolecular Synthesis in P388 Mouse Leukemia Ascites Cells by Bouvardin (NSC 259968). Tumori 2018; 71:261-6. [PMID: 4024280 DOI: 10.1177/030089168507100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bouvardin, a new antineoplastic plant product, inhibits macromolecular synthesis in P388 cells in a dose-dependent manner. At the same concentration of bouvardin, protein synthesis was inhibited to a greater extent than the synthesis of DNA and RNA. There was a reversal of inhibition of both DNA and RNA synthesis after the cells were washed free of bouvardin. However, there was partial reversal of inhibition of protein synthesis when the cells were washed free of the drug.
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Menon R, Jani S, Riordan R, Jayaraman A. Serotonin Promotes Enterohemorrhagic
Escherichia Coli
Pathogenesis Through Altered AI‐2 Production by Gut Microbiota. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.669.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rani Menon
- Department of Chemical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - Sneha Jani
- Department of BiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - Rebekah Riordan
- Department of Chemical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and ImmunologyTexas A&M Health Science CenterBryanTX
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- R Menon
- Paediatric Department, Clarendon, Leeds
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Nanda S, Menon R, Kesavadas C, Kumari S. A pilot study on mapping structural and functional connectivity in early Alzheimer's disease(AD) in comparison to stable mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hu ASY, Menon R, Gunnarsson R, de Costa A. Risk factors for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open surgery - A systematic literature review of 30 studies. Am J Surg 2017; 214:920-930. [PMID: 28739121 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aims to evaluate the methodological quality of publications relating to predicting the need of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy and to describe identified prognostic factors. METHOD Only English full-text articles with their own unique observations from more than 300 patients were included. Only data using multivariate analysis of risk factors were selected. Quality assessment criteria stratifying the risk of bias were constructed and applied. RESULTS The methodological quality of the studies were mostly heterogeneous. Most studies performed well in half of the quality criteria and considered similar risk factors, such as male gender and old age, as significant. Several studies developed prediction models for risk of conversion. Independent risk factors appeared to have additive effects. CONCLUSION A detailed critical review of studies of prediction models and risk stratification for conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy is presented. One study is identified of high quality with a potential to be used in clinical practice, and external validation of this model is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Shiun Yew Hu
- Cairns Clinical School, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, QLD, 4870, Australia.
| | - R Menon
- Cairns Clinical School, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, QLD, 4870, Australia.
| | - R Gunnarsson
- Cairns Clinical School, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, QLD, 4870, Australia; Research and Development Unit, Primary Health Care and Dental Care, Narhalsan, Southern Älvsborg County, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - A de Costa
- Cairns Clinical School, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, QLD, 4870, Australia.
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Sule N, Pasupuleti S, Kohli N, Menon R, Dangott L, Manson M, Jayaraman A. A New Link Between Stress and Infection. FASEB J 2017. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.622.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Sule
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - Sasikiran Pasupuleti
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - Nandita Kohli
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - Rani Menon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - Lawrence Dangott
- Integrated Metabolomics Analysis CoreTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
- Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - Michael Manson
- Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
- Department of BiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science CenterBryanTX
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Lakis S, Mueller J, Bertrand M, Heuckmann J, Menon R, Netchaeva M, Roeper J, Heukamp L, Griesinger F. Detection of activating EGFR and KRAS mutations in a single liquid biopsy from a patient with adenocarcinoma of the lung using hybrid capture based sequencing. Pneumologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - J Roeper
- Pius-Hospital, Universität Oldenburg
| | | | - F Griesinger
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Pius-Hospital Oldenburg, University Hospital
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Menon R, Mueller J, Lakis S, Hube A, Bochtler T, Wesseler C, Griesinger F, Loeffler H, Langenbuch T, Brandts C, Garcia A, Krämer A, Heuckmann J, Heukamp L. Identification of therapeutically targetable genomic alterations in a cohort of patients with CUP using a hybrid-capture based next generation sequencing assay. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)32751-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Müller J, Lakis S, Mariotti E, Schneider P, Glöckner C, Leenders F, Hube A, Gullo G, Crown J, Griesinger F, Heuckmann J, Heukamp L, Menon R. Hybrid-capture based sequencing assays to detect novel alterations in BRAF from tissue and liquid biopsies. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw380.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rosoux A, Pauwels P, Duplaquet F, D'Haene N, Weynand B, Delos M, Menon R, Heukamp LC, Thunnissen E, Ocak S. Effectiveness of crizotinib in a patient with ALK IHC-positive/FISH-negative metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Lung Cancer 2016; 98:118-121. [PMID: 27393517 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of crizotinib effectiveness in a heavily pretreated patient with a metastatic NSCLC initially considered IHC-positive and FISH-negative for ALK rearrangement. After repeated analyses of tumor samples, borderline ALK FISH-positivity (18.5% positive cells) was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rosoux
- Division of Pulmonology, Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - P Pauwels
- Center for Oncologic Research (CORE), Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - F Duplaquet
- Division of Pulmonology, Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - N D'Haene
- Department of Pathology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Weynand
- Department of pathology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Delos
- Department of Pathology, UCL, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - R Menon
- Neo New Oncology GmbH, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - E Thunnissen
- Department of Pathology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - S Ocak
- Division of Pulmonology, Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium.
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Belliveau J, Menon R. SU-G-TeP3-12: Retrospective Assessment of R2star Using Ultra-High Field MRI in a Rodent Model of Radiation Necrosis. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Shen J, Serby M, Reed A, Lee AJ, Menon R, Zhang X, Marsh K, Wan X, Kavetskaia O, Fischer V. Metabolism and Disposition of Hepatitis C Polymerase Inhibitor Dasabuvir in Humans. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:1139-47. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.067512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Heukamp L, Menon R, Müller J, Lakis S, Netchaeva M, Griesinger F, Eberhardt W, Heuckmann J. 65P NEOliquid: Detection of KIF5B–RET fusions in liquid biopsy samples. J Thorac Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(16)30178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Whitfield-Cargile CM, Cohen ND, Chapkin RS, Weeks BR, Davidson LA, Goldsby JS, Hunt CL, Steinmeyer SH, Menon R, Suchodolski JS, Jayaraman A, Alaniz RC. The microbiota-derived metabolite indole decreases mucosal inflammation and injury in a murine model of NSAID enteropathy. Gut Microbes 2016; 7:246-61. [PMID: 27007819 PMCID: PMC4939928 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2016.1156827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most frequently used classes of medications in the world. Unfortunately, NSAIDs induce an enteropathy associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although the pathophysiology of this condition involves the interaction of the gut epithelium, microbiota, and NSAIDs, the precise mechanisms by which microbiota influence NSAID enteropathy are unclear. One possible mechanism is that the microbiota may attenuate the severity of disease by specific metabolite-mediated regulation of host inflammation and injury. The microbiota-derived tryptophan-metabolite indole is abundant in the healthy mammalian gut and positively influences intestinal health. We thus examined the effects of indole administration on NSAID enteropathy. Mice (n = 5 per group) were treated once daily for 7 days with an NSAID (indomethacin; 5 mg/kg), indole (20 mg/kg), indomethacin plus indole, or vehicle only (control). Outcomes compared among groups included: microscopic pathology; fecal calprotectin concentration; proportion of neutrophils in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes; fecal microbiota composition and diversity; small intestinal mucosal transcriptome; and, fecal tryptophan metabolites. Co-administration of indole with indomethacin: significantly reduced mucosal pathology scores, fecal calprotectin concentrations, and neutrophilic infiltration of the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes induced by indomethacin; modulated NSAID-induced perturbation of the microbiota, fecal metabolites, and inferred metagenome; and, abrogated a pro-inflammatory gene expression profile in the small intestinal mucosa induced by indomethacin. The microbiota-derived metabolite indole attenuated multiple deleterious effects of NSAID enteropathy, including modulating inflammation mediated by innate immune responses and altering indomethacin-induced shift of the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canaan M. Whitfield-Cargile
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Noah D. Cohen
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Robert S. Chapkin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA,Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Brad R. Weeks
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Laurie A. Davidson
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Goldsby
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Carrie L. Hunt
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Shelby H. Steinmeyer
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Rani Menon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jan S. Suchodolski
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Robert C. Alaniz
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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