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Nishimura K, Kokaji H, Motoki K, Yamazaki A, Nagasaka K, Mori T, Takisawa R, Yasui Y, Kawai T, Ushijima K, Yamasaki M, Saito H, Nakano R, Nakazaki T. Degenerate oligonucleotide primer MIG-seq: an effective PCR-based method for high-throughput genotyping. Plant J 2024. [PMID: 38459738 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) library construction often involves using restriction enzymes to decrease genome complexity, enabling versatile polymorphism detection in plants. However, plant leaves frequently contain impurities, such as polyphenols, necessitating DNA purification before enzymatic reactions. To overcome this problem, we developed a PCR-based method for expeditious NGS library preparation, offering flexibility in number of detected polymorphisms. By substituting a segment of the simple sequence repeat sequence in the MIG-seq primer set (MIG-seq being a PCR method enabling library construction with low-quality DNA) with degenerate oligonucleotides, we introduced variability in detectable polymorphisms across various crops. This innovation, named degenerate oligonucleotide primer MIG-seq (dpMIG-seq), enabled a streamlined protocol for constructing dpMIG-seq libraries from unpurified DNA, which was implemented stably in several crop species, including fruit trees. Furthermore, dpMIG-seq facilitated efficient lineage selection in wheat and enabled linkage map construction and quantitative trait loci analysis in tomato, rice, and soybean without necessitating DNA concentration adjustments. These findings underscore the potential of the dpMIG-seq protocol for advancing genetic analyses across diverse plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazusa Nishimura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 4-2-1, Shiroyamadai, Kizugawa City, Kyoto, 619-0218, Japan
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kokaji
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 4-2-1, Shiroyamadai, Kizugawa City, Kyoto, 619-0218, Japan
| | - Ko Motoki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 4-2-1, Shiroyamadai, Kizugawa City, Kyoto, 619-0218, Japan
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akira Yamazaki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 3327-204, Nakamachi, Nara City, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Kyoka Nagasaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 4-2-1, Shiroyamadai, Kizugawa City, Kyoto, 619-0218, Japan
| | - Takashi Mori
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 4-2-1, Shiroyamadai, Kizugawa City, Kyoto, 619-0218, Japan
| | - Rihito Takisawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu City, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yasui
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 4-2-1, Shiroyamadai, Kizugawa City, Kyoto, 619-0218, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawai
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ushijima
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2 no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata City, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Hiroki Saito
- Tropical Agriculture Research Front, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1091-1 Maezato-Kawarabaru, Ishigaki, Okinawa, 907-0002, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 4-2-1, Shiroyamadai, Kizugawa City, Kyoto, 619-0218, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakazaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 4-2-1, Shiroyamadai, Kizugawa City, Kyoto, 619-0218, Japan
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Yamazaki A, Takezawa A, Nagasaka K, Motoki K, Nishimura K, Nakano R, Nakazaki T. A simple method for measuring pollen germination rate using machine learning. Plant Reprod 2023; 36:355-364. [PMID: 37278944 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-023-00472-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The pollen germination rate decreases under various abiotic stresses, such as high-temperature stress, and it is one of the causes of inhibition of plant reproduction. Thus, measuring pollen germination rate is vital for understanding the reproductive ability of plants. However, measuring the pollen germination rate requires much labor when counting pollen. Therefore, we used the Yolov5 machine learning package in order to perform transfer learning and constructed a model that can detect germinated and non-germinated pollen separately. Pollen images of the chili pepper, Capsicum annuum, were used to create this model. Using images with a width of 640 pixels for training constructed a more accurate model than using images with a width of 320 pixels. This model could estimate the pollen germination rate of the F2 population of C. chinense previously studied with high accuracy. In addition, significantly associated gene regions previously detected in genome-wide association studies in this F2 population could again be detected using the pollen germination rate predicted by this model as a trait. Moreover, the model detected rose, tomato, radish, and strawberry pollen grains with similar accuracy to chili pepper. The pollen germination rate could be estimated even for plants other than chili pepper, probably because pollen images were similar among different plant species. We obtained a model that can identify genes related to pollen germination rate through genetic analyses in many plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Yamazaki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, 631-8505, Japan.
| | - Ao Takezawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, 619-0218, Japan
| | - Kyoka Nagasaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, 619-0218, Japan
| | - Ko Motoki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, 619-0218, Japan
| | - Kazusa Nishimura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, 619-0218, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, 619-0218, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakazaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, 619-0218, Japan
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Owashi Y, Minami T, Kikuchi T, Yoshida A, Nakano R, Kageyama D, Adachi-Hagimori T. Microbiome of Zoophytophagous Biological Control Agent Nesidiocoris tenuis. Microb Ecol 2023; 86:2923-2933. [PMID: 37658881 PMCID: PMC10640431 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Many insects are associated with endosymbionts that influence the feeding, reproduction, and distribution of their hosts. Although the small green mirid, Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae), a zoophytophagous predator that feeds on plants as well as arthropods, is a globally important biological control agent, its microbiome has not been sufficiently studied. In the present study, we assessed the microbiome variation in 96 N. tenuis individuals from 14 locations throughout Japan, based on amplicon sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Nine major bacteria associated with N. tenuis were identified: Rickettsia, two strains of Wolbachia, Spiroplasma, Providencia, Serratia, Pseudochrobactrum, Lactococcus, and Stenotrophomonas. Additionally, a diagnostic PCR analysis for three typical insect reproductive manipulators, Rickettsia, Wolbachia, and Spiroplasma, was performed on a larger sample size (n = 360) of N. tenuis individuals; the most prevalent symbiont was Rickettsia (69.7%), followed by Wolbachia (39.2%) and Spiroplasma (6.1%). Although some symbionts were co-infected, their prevalence did not exhibit any specific tendency, such as a high frequency in specific infection combinations. The infection frequency of Rickettsia was significantly correlated with latitude and temperature, while that of Wolbachia and Spiroplasma was significantly correlated with host plants. The predominance of these bacteria and the absence of obligate symbionts suggested that the N. tenuis microbiome is typical for predatory arthropods rather than sap-feeding insects. Rickettsia and Wolbachia were vertically transmitted rather than horizontally transmitted from the prey. The functional validation of each symbiont would be warranted to develop N. tenuis as a biological control agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Owashi
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toma Minami
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Taisei Kikuchi
- Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akemi Yoshida
- Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kageyama
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Triapitsyn SV, Rugman-Jones PF, Kusuhara H, Nakano R, Janšta P, Arikawa S, Adachi-Hagimori T. Genetic analysis reveals conspecificity of two nominal species of Anaphes fairyflies (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), egg parasitoids of Oulema leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) pests of cereal crops in Europe and of rice in East Asia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0273823. [PMID: 36706103 PMCID: PMC9882753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaphes (Anaphes) flavipes (Foerster), a fairyfly (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) native of Europe, is an economically important egg parasitoid for the natural control of Oulema spp. leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) pests of cereal crops such as barley, oats, rye, and wheat in Europe, and for the classical biological control of the invasive Oulema melanopus (L.) in North America. A morphologically very similar Anaphes (Anaphes) nipponicus Kuwayama, known from mainland China, Japan, Republic of Korea, Far East of Russia and Taiwan, is an egg parasitoid of Oulema oryzae (Kuwayama), a pest of rice mainly in temperate parts of East Asia. The nuclear 28S-D2 and ITS2 and the mitochondrial COI genes were used as markers to compare specimens of A. (Anaphes) flavipes reared from eggs of an Oulema sp. on barley in Germany with those of A. (Anaphes) nipponicus reared from eggs of O. oryzae on rice in Honshu Island, Japan. Because the resulting sequences are practically identical, within an expected intraspecific genetic variability, conspecificity of these two nominal species has been confirmed, and consequently A. (Anaphes) nipponicus Kuwayama, 1932, syn. n. is synonymized with A. (Anaphes) flavipes (Foerster, 1841). Taxonomic notes and illustrations are provided for the specimens of both sexes of A. (Anaphes) flavipes from Japan to facilitate their recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. V. Triapitsyn
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - P. F. Rugman-Jones
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - H. Kusuhara
- Laboratory of Insect Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - R. Nakano
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Shida-Haibara Agriculture and Forestry Office, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - P. Janšta
- Department of Entomology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S. Arikawa
- Laboratory of Insect Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T. Adachi-Hagimori
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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Motoki K, Kinoshita Y, Nakano R, Hosokawa M, Nakazaki T. Quantitative Analysis of Florigen for the Variability of Floral Induction in Cabbage/Radish Inter-generic Grafting. Plant Cell Physiol 2022; 63:1230-1241. [PMID: 35792499 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Grafting-induced flowering is a key phenomenon to understand systemic floral induction caused by florigen. It can also be used as a breeding technique enabling rapid seed production of crops with long generation times. However, the degree of floral induction in grafted plants is often variable. Moreover, it is difficult in some crop species. Here, we explored the factors promoting variability in the grafting-induced flowering of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata), an important vegetable crop with a long generation time, via the quantitative analysis of florigen accumulation. Significant variability in the flowering response of grafted cabbage was observed when rootstocks of different genotypes were used. As reported previously, B. oleracea rootstocks did not induce the flowering of grafted cabbage plants, but radish (Raphanus sativus L.) rootstocks unstably did, depending on the accessions used. Immunoblotting analysis of the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) protein, a main component of florigen, revealed that floral induction was quantitatively correlated with the level of accumulated FT protein in the grafted scion. To identify rootstock factors that cause variability in the floral induction of the grafted scion, we investigated FT protein accumulation and flowering response in grafted scions when the transcription levels of FT and the leaf area of rootstocks were altered by vernalization, daylength and leaf trimming treatments. We concluded that increasing the total amount of FT protein produced in the rootstock is important for the stable floral induction of the grafted cabbage, and this can be accomplished by increasing FT transcription and the leaf area of the rootstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Motoki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0218 Japan
| | - Yu Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0218 Japan
| | - Munetaka Hosokawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Nara, 631-8505 Japan
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute (ATIRI), Kindai University, Nara, Nara, 631-8505 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakazaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0218 Japan
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Vagnini L, Petersen C, Nakano R, Almodin C, Marcondes C, Ceschin A, Amaral A, Borges E, Castelo Branco A, Soares J, Lopes J, Camarço M, Oliveira J, Dieamant F, Franco J. P-534 Noninvasive preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (NIPGT-A) x Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A): NIPGT-A is more reliable than PGT-A. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Does NIPGT-A have lower false-positive rates (FPR) than PGT-A?
Summary answer
When DNA from whole embryo cells was used as the gold-standard, the FPR of NIPGT-A was 3.57-times smaller than that obtained with PGT-A.
What is known already
After many years of using PGT-A, there are still many concerns, such as risks of invasive action and difficulties in the correct interpretation of mosaicism, which could lead to errors in the interpretation of false-positive and false-negative results. Recently, a new technology (NIPGT-A) has arisen using cell-free DNA present in the spent culture media of human blastocysts. Unlike PGT-A that uses only trophoblastic cells, NIPGT-A reflects the ploidy status of trophoblastic cells and inner cell mass, suggesting that this new technology could be less prone to errors and thus more reliable than invasive tests.
Study design, size, duration
This multicentric cohort study included a total of 56 blastocysts vitrified on day/5 that were previously biopsied for PGT-A(all these embryos presented a diagnosis of aneuploidy). The embryos were donated under informed consent by patients following the Human Medical Authority regulations. Blastocysts were thawed and cultured in 15μl drops of culture medium under oil. After their expansion(4-8hours), the blastocysts and their corresponding spent media were transferred to PCR tubes and stored at -20ºC until analysis.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
The DNA of all samples (spent culture medium and whole embryo) was amplified by the MALBAC® technology(Yikon Genomics). The DNA concentration of the amplified product was measured using Qubit 3.0 Fluorometer(Thermo Fisher Scientific). The samples were subjected to next-generation sequencing(NGS) using Illumina MiSeq® System. The ploidy status results obtained from ChromGo™ software(Yikon Genomics) for spent culture medium and whole embryo were compared to determine the accuracy of NIPGT-A for screening chromosomal abnormalities in each embryo.
Main results and the role of chance
DNA from all 56 spent media samples and whole embryos were successfully amplified. Comparing the results of NIPGT-A and whole embryos sequencing, the positive predictive value (PPV) was 93.5% and the FPR was 6.5% (Table 1). On the other hand, comparing the whole embryo and PGT-A results, the PPV was 76.8%, and the FPR was 23.2% (Table 2). NIPGT-A had a negative predictive value (NPV) of 100% and a false negative rate (FNR) of 0%.
Limitations, reasons for caution
Despite the sample size could be considered small, comparative analyses between the results of invasive/noninvasive PGT-A with whole embryo are rare. All donated embryos were classified as aneuploidy. Additionally, the cut-off for aneuploidy in cases of PGT-A could be variable(multicentre-study). Euploid embryos have not been donated for research to date.
Wider implications of the findings
NIPGT-A has a lower FPR than PGT-A and does not require micromanipulation skills, avoiding trophectoderm biopsy trauma and seems to provide more accurate results corresponding to the ploidy status of the whole embryo. Thereby NIPGT-A should be considered as the test of choice for genetic evaluation of the embryo.
Trial registration number
Not Applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vagnini
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis- Research and Training, Research , Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - C.G Petersen
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis- Research and Training, Research , Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Centre for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Research , Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - R Nakano
- Ferticlin Human Fertility Clinic, Research , Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - C Marcondes
- Santista Nucleus of Human Reproduction, Research , Santos, Brazil
| | - A Ceschin
- Feliccita Fertility Institute, Research , Curitiba, Brazil
| | - A Amaral
- Genesis Human Reproduction Assistance Center, Research , Brasilia, Brazil
| | - E. Borges
- Fertility Medical Group, Research , Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - J.B Soares
- Alpha Project - Alliance of Assisted Fertilization Laboratories, Research , Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Lopes
- CENAFERT, Research , Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - J.B.A Oliveira
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis- Research and Training, Research , Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Centre for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Research , Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - F Dieamant
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis- Research and Training, Research , Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Centre for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Research , Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - J.G. Franco
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis- Research and Training, Research , Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Centre for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Research , Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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Nakano R, Sakai A, Kobayashi T, Masuda A, Shiomi H, Toyama H, Ito T, Kodama Y. Gastrointestinal: A case of a pancreatobiliary-type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas filling the main pancreatic duct without visible mucin secretion. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:605. [PMID: 34668218 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Nakano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Sakai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - T Kobayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Masuda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - H Shiomi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - H Toyama
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - T Ito
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Y Kodama
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Nishimura K, Motoki K, Yamazaki A, Takisawa R, Yasui Y, Kawai T, Ushijima K, Nakano R, Nakazaki T. MIG-seq is an effective method for high-throughput genotyping in wheat ( Triticum spp.). DNA Res 2022; 29:6567359. [PMID: 35412600 PMCID: PMC9035812 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
MIG-seq (Multiplexed inter-simple sequence repeats genotyping by sequencing) has been developed as a low cost genotyping technology, although the number of polymorphisms obtained is assumed to be minimal, resulting in the low application of this technique to analyses of agricultural plants. We applied MIG-seq to 12 plant species that include various crops and investigated the relationship between genome size and the number of bases that can be stably sequenced. The genome size and the number of loci, which can be sequenced by MIG-seq, are positively correlated. This is due to the linkage between genome size and the number of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) through the genome. The applicability of MIG-seq to population structure analysis, linkage mapping, and quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis in wheat, which has a relatively large genome, was further evaluated. The results of population structure analysis for tetraploid wheat showed the differences among collection sites and subspecies, which agreed with previous findings. Additionally, in wheat biparental mapping populations, over 3,000 SNPs/indels with low deficiency were detected using MIG-seq, and the QTL analysis was able to detect recognized flowering-related genes. These results revealed the effectiveness of MIG-seq for genomic analysis of agricultural plants with large genomes, including wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazusa Nishimura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa City, Kyoto Prefecture 619-0218, Japan
| | - Ko Motoki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa City, Kyoto Prefecture 619-0218, Japan
| | - Akira Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa City, Kyoto Prefecture 619-0218, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara City, Nara Prefecture 631-8505, Japan
| | - Rihito Takisawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture 520-2194, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yasui
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa City, Kyoto Prefecture 619-0218, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawai
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture 700-8530, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ushijima
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa City, Kyoto Prefecture 619-0218, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakazaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa City, Kyoto Prefecture 619-0218, Japan
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Huang Z, Omwange KA, Tsay LWJ, Saito Y, Maai E, Yamazaki A, Nakano R, Nakazaki T, Kuramoto M, Suzuki T, Ogawa Y, Kondo N. UV excited fluorescence image-based non-destructive method for early detection of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) spoilage. Food Chem 2022; 368:130776. [PMID: 34425344 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The soon spoiled strawberries need to be classified from healthy fruits in an early stage. In this research, a machine vision system is proposed for inspecting the quality of strawberries using ultraviolet (UV) light based on the excitation-emission matrix (EEM) results. Among the 100 fruits which were harvested and stored under 10 °C condition for 7 days, 7 fruits were confirmed to be spoiled by using a firmness meter. The EEM results show the fluorescence compound contributes to a whitish surface on the spoiled fruits. Based on the EEM results, UV fluorescence images from the bottom view of strawberries were used to classify the spoiled fruits and healthy fruits within 1 day after harvest. These results demonstrate the UV fluorescence imaging can be a fast, non-destructive, and low-cost method for inspecting the soon spoiled fruits. The proposed index related to the spoiling time can be a new indicator for qualifying strawberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Huang
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ken Abamba Omwange
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Lok Wai Jacky Tsay
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshito Saito
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Eri Maai
- Laboratory of Plant Production Control (Experimental Farm), Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0218, Japan; Faculty of International Agriculture and Food Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Akira Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Plant Production Control (Experimental Farm), Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0218, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Laboratory of Plant Production Control (Experimental Farm), Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0218, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakazaki
- Laboratory of Plant Production Control (Experimental Farm), Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0218, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuramoto
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuhito Suzuki
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ogawa
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Naoshi Kondo
- Laboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Nakano R, Kawai T, Fukamatsu Y, Akita K, Watanabe S, Asano T, Takata D, Sato M, Fukuda F, Ushijima K. Postharvest Properties of Ultra-Late Maturing Peach Cultivars and Their Attributions to Melting Flesh ( M) Locus: Re-evaluation of M Locus in Association With Flesh Texture. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:554158. [PMID: 33324428 PMCID: PMC7725752 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.554158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The postharvest properties of two ultra-late maturing peach cultivars, "Tobihaku" (TH) and "Daijumitsuto" (DJ), were investigated. Fruit were harvested at commercial maturity and held at 25°C. TH exhibited the characteristics of normal melting flesh (MF) peach, including rapid fruit softening associated with appropriate level of endogenous ethylene production In contrast, DJ did not soften at all during 3 weeks experimental period even though considerable ethylene production was observed. Fruit of TH and DJ were treated with 5,000 ppm of propylene, an ethylene analog, continuously for 7 days. TH softened rapidly whereas DJ maintained high flesh firmness in spite of an increase in endogenous ethylene production, suggesting that DJ but not TH lacked the ability to be softened in response to endogenous and exogenous ethylene/propylene. DNA-seq analysis showed that tandem endo-polygalacturonase (endoPG) genes located at melting flesh (M) locus, Pp-endoPGM (PGM), and Pp-endoPGF (PGF), were deleted in DJ. The endoPG genes at M locus are known to control flesh texture of peach fruit, and it was suggested that the non-softening property of DJ is due to the lack of endoPG genes. On the other hand, TH possessed an unidentified M haplotype that is involved in determination of MF phenotype. Structural identification of the unknown M haplotype, designated as M 0, through comparison with previously reported M haplotypes revealed distinct differences between PGM on M 0 haplotype (PGM-M0 ) and PGM on other haplotypes (PGM-M1 ). Peach M haplotypes were classified into four main haplotypes: M 0 with PGM-M0 ; M 1 with both PGM-M1 and PGF; M 2 with PGM-M1 ; and M 3 lacking both PGM and PGF. Re-evaluation of M locus in association with MF/non-melting flesh (NMF) phenotypes in more than 400 accessions by using whole genome shotgun sequencing data on database and/or by PCR genotyping demonstrated that M 0 haplotype was the common haplotype in MF accessions, and M 0 and M 1 haplotypes were dominant over M 2 and M 3 haplotypes and co-dominantly determined the MF trait. It was also assumed on the basis of structural comparison of M haplotypes among Prunus species that the ancestral haplotype of M 0 diverged from those of the other haplotypes before the speciation of Prunus persica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Nakano
- Experimental Farm of Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kizugawa, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawai
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yosuke Fukamatsu
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kagari Akita
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sakine Watanabe
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Asano
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takata
- Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Mamoru Sato
- Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Fumio Fukuda
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ushijima
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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11
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Yano H, Nakano R, Suzuki Y, Nakano A, Kasahara K, Hosoi H. Inactivation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by gaseous ozone treatment. J Hosp Infect 2020; 106:837-838. [PMID: 33049366 PMCID: PMC7547371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Yano
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - R Nakano
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.
| | - Y Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - A Nakano
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - K Kasahara
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - H Hosoi
- MBT (Medicine-Based Town) Institute, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
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12
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Mitalo OW, Tokiwa S, Kondo Y, Otsuki T, Galis I, Suezawa K, Kataoka I, Doan AT, Nakano R, Ushijima K, Kubo Y. Low Temperature Storage Stimulates Fruit Softening and Sugar Accumulation Without Ethylene and Aroma Volatile Production in Kiwifruit. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:888. [PMID: 31333713 PMCID: PMC6625211 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Fruit ripening in response to propylene (an ethylene analog), 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP, an ethylene action inhibitor), and low temperature (5°C) treatments was characterized in "Kosui" kiwifruit (Actinidia rufa × A. chinensis). Propylene treatment induced ethylene production, with increased expression levels of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase 1 (AcACS1) and ACC oxidase 2 (AcACO2), and rapid fruit softening together with increased expression levels of polygalacturonase (AcPG) and expansin 1 (AcEXP1) within 5 days (d). Fruit soluble solids concentration (SSC) and contents of sucrose, glucose, and fructose together with the expression levels of β-amylase 1 (Acβ-AMY1), Acβ-AMY2, and invertase (AcINV3-1) increased rapidly after 5 d exposure to propylene. Furthermore, propylene exposure for 5 d was sufficient to induce the production of key aroma volatile compounds, ethyl- and methyl butanoate, accompanied with increased expression levels of alcohol acyl transferase (AcAAT). Application of 1-MCP at the start of the experiment, followed by continuous exposure to propylene, significantly delayed fruit softening, changes in SSC and sugars, and strongly suppressed the production of ethylene, aroma volatiles, and expression of associated genes. During storage, fruit softening, SSC and sugar increase, and increased expression of genes associated with cell wall modification and carbohydrate metabolism were registered without detectable ethylene production; however, these changes occurred faster at 5°C compared to 22°C. Interestingly, ethyl and methyl butanoate as well as AcAAT expression were undetectable in kiwifruit during storage, while they were rescued by post-storage propylene exposure, indicating that the production of aroma volatile compounds is strongly ethylene-dependent. Transcript levels of a NAC-related transcription factor (TF), AcNAC3, increased in response to both propylene and low temperature treatments, while AcNAC5 was exclusively up-regulated by propylene. By contrast, transcript levels of a MADS-box TF, AcMADS2, exclusively increased in response to low temperature. The above findings indicate that kiwifruit ripening is inducible by either ethylene or low temperature signals. However, fruit ripened by low temperature were deficient in ethylene-dependent aroma volatiles, suggesting that ethylene signaling is non-functional during low temperature-modulated ripening in kiwifruit. These data provide further evidence that ethylene-dependent and low temperature-modulated ripening in kiwifruit involve different regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar W. Mitalo
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sumire Tokiwa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuki Kondo
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takumi Otsuki
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ivan Galis
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
| | | | - Ikuo Kataoka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Japan
| | - Anh T. Doan
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ushijima
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kubo
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yasutaka Kubo,
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Okabe Y, Yamaoka T, Ariizumi T, Ushijima K, Kojima M, Takebayashi Y, Sakakibara H, Kusano M, Shinozaki Y, Pulungan SI, Kubo Y, Nakano R, Ezura H. Aberrant Stamen Development is Associated with Parthenocarpic Fruit Set Through Up-Regulation of Gibberellin Biosynthesis in Tomato. Plant Cell Physiol 2019; 60:38-51. [PMID: 30192961 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Parthenocarpy, a process in which fruit set occurs without fertilization, leads to the production of seedless fruit. A number of floral homeotic mutants with abnormal stamen development exhibit parthenocarpic fruit set. Flower development is thought to repress ovary growth before anthesis. However, the mechanism of parthenocarpic fruit development caused by aberrant flower formation is poorly understood. To investigate the molecular mechanism of parthenocarpic fruit development in floral homeotic mutants, we performed functional analysis of Tomato APETALA3 (TAP3) by loss-of-function approaches. Organ-specific promoter was used to induce organ-specific loss of function in stamen and ovary/fruit. We observed increased cell expansion in tap3 mutants and TAP3-RNAi lines during parthenocarpic fruit growth. These were predominantly accompanied by the up-regulation of GA biosynthesis genes, including SlGA20ox1, SlGA20ox2, and SlGA20ox3, as well as reduced expression of the GA-inactivating gene SlGA2ox1 and the auxin signaling gene SlARF7 involved in a crosstalk between GA and auxin. These transcriptional profiles are in agreement with the GA levels in these lines. These results suggest that stamen development negatively regulates fruit set by repressing the GA biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Okabe
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamaoka
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life and Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tohru Ariizumi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ushijima
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life and Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mikiko Kojima
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yumiko Takebayashi
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miyako Kusano
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shinozaki
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sri Imriani Pulungan
- Graduate School Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kubo
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life and Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life and Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ezura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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14
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Wahyudi A, Ariyani D, Ma G, Inaba R, Fukasawa C, Nakano R, Motohashi R. Functional analyses of lipocalin proteins in tomato. Plant Biotechnol (Tokyo) 2018; 35:303-312. [PMID: 31892817 PMCID: PMC6905218 DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.18.0620a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two temperature-induced lipocalin genes SlTIL1 and SlTIL2, and a chloroplastic lipocalin gene SlCHL were isolated from 'Micro-Tom' tomato. The coding sequences of SlTIL1, SlTIL2 and SlCHL were 558, 558, and 1002 bp, respectively. By TargetP analysis, no characteristic transit peptides were predicted in the proteins of SlTIL1 and SlTIL2, while a chloroplastic transit peptide was predicted in the protein of SlCHL. The subcellular localization results indicated that SlTIL1 and SlTIL2 proteins were major localized in the plasma membrane, while SlCHL was localized in chloroplast. To understand the function of lipocalins, transgenic tomato over-expressed SlTIL1, SlTIL2 and SlCHL and their virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) plants were generated. The phenotypes were significantly affected when the SlTIL1, SlTIL2 and SlCHL were over-expressed or silenced by VIGS, which suggested that the three lipocalins played important roles in regulating the growth and development of tomato. In addition, the level of ROS (O2 - and H2O2) was low in SlTIL1, SlTIL2 and SlCHL over-expressed plants, while it was high in their silenced plants. The changes in the expression of SODs were consistent with the accumulations of ROS, which indicated that lipocalins might have an important role in abiotic oxidative stress tolerance in tomato plants. Especially SlTIL1 and SlTIL2 are localized around their membranes and protect them from ROS. The results will contribute to elucidating the functions of lipocalin in plants, and provide new strategies to improve the tolerance to abiotic stress in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anung Wahyudi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Politeknik Negeri Lampung-Indonesia, Jl. Soekarno-Hatta no.10 Rajabasa, Bandar Lampung-Indonesia
| | - Dinni Ariyani
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Gang Ma
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Inaba
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Chikako Fukasawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Reiko Motohashi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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15
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Nakano R, Ohira M, Ishiyama K, Ide K, Kobayashi T, Tahara H, Shimizu S, Arihiro K, Imamura M, Chayama K, Tanaka Y, Ohdan H. Acute Graft Rejection and Formation of De Novo Donor-Specific Antibodies Triggered by Low Cyclosporine Levels and Interferon Therapy for Recurrent Hepatitis C Infection After Liver Transplantation: A Case Report. Transplant Proc 2018; 49:1634-1638. [PMID: 28838454 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report a case of acute rejection of a liver graft, together with the occurrence of de novo donor-specific antibodies (DSAs), in a 53-year-old Japanese man who had undergone deceased-donor liver transplantation. METHODS The graft rejection was triggered by low cyclosporine levels and pegylated interferon treatment for the recurrence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection 18 months after transplantation. Although the graft was ABO-compatible, pre-formed DSA B51 was detected; therefore, total plasma exchange was performed and intravenous rituximab (500 mg/body) was administered before transplantation. RESULTS DSA was absent 6 months after transplantation. HCV recurrence was treated with pegylated interferon-α-2a. Renal function deteriorated with this anti-HCV therapy, with serum cyclosporine levels decreasing to 50 ng/mL. A rapid virologic response was achieved, but liver function deteriorated after 3 months of anti-HCV therapy, with histologic evidence of acute cellular rejection and formation of de novo DSAs. Anti-thymocyte globulin was administered for 5 days, which led to immediate improvement in liver function. However, renal function declined, warranting hemodialysis. The patient recovered 2 months after acute rejection, although de novo DSAs persisted. CONCLUSIONS Careful immunologic monitoring may be required for patients receiving interferon therapy for HCV infection to maintain sufficient blood levels of immunosuppressive agents and to prevent acute liver graft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nakano
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - M Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - K Ishiyama
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - K Ide
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - T Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - H Tahara
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - S Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - K Arihiro
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - M Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - K Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - H Ohdan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Asiche WO, Mitalo OW, Kasahara Y, Tosa Y, Mworia EG, Owino WO, Ushijima K, Nakano R, Yano K, Kubo Y. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals distinct ethylene-independent regulation of ripening in response to low temperature in kiwifruit. BMC Plant Biol 2018; 18:47. [PMID: 29562897 PMCID: PMC5863462 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kiwifruit are classified as climacteric since exogenous ethylene (or its analogue propylene) induces rapid ripening accompanied by ethylene production under positive feedback regulation. However, most of the ripening-associated changes (Phase 1 ripening) in kiwifruit during storage and on-vine occur largely in the absence of any detectable ethylene. This ripening behavior is often attributed to basal levels of system I ethylene, although it is suggested to be modulated by low temperature. RESULTS To elucidate the mechanisms regulating Phase 1 ripening in kiwifruit, a comparative transcriptome analysis using fruit continuously exposed to propylene (at 20 °C), and during storage at 5 °C and 20 °C was conducted. Propylene exposure induced kiwifruit softening, reduction of titratable acidity (TA), increase in soluble solids content (SSC) and ethylene production within 5 days. During storage, softening and reduction of TA occurred faster in fruit at 5 °C compared to 20 °C although no endogenous ethylene production was detected. Transcriptome analysis revealed 3761 ripening-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 2742 were up-regulated by propylene while 1058 were up-regulated by low temperature. Propylene exclusively up-regulated 2112 DEGs including those associated with ethylene biosynthesis and ripening such as AcACS1, AcACO2, AcPL1, AcXET1, Acβ-GAL, AcAAT, AcERF6 and AcNAC7. Similarly, low temperature exclusively up-regulated 467 DEGS including AcACO3, AcPL2, AcPMEi, AcADH, Acβ-AMY2, AcGA2ox2, AcNAC5 and AcbZIP2 among others. A considerable number of DEGs such as AcPG, AcEXP1, AcXET2, Acβ-AMY1, AcGA2ox1, AcNAC6, AcMADS1 and AcbZIP1 were up-regulated by either propylene or low temperature. Frequent 1-MCP treatments failed to inhibit the accelerated ripening and up-regulation of associated DEGs by low temperature indicating that the changes were independent of ethylene. On-vine kiwifruit ripening proceeded in the absence of any detectable endogenous ethylene production, and coincided with increased expression of low temperature-responsive DEGs as well as the decrease in environmental temperature. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that kiwifruit possess both ethylene-dependent and low temperature-modulated ripening mechanisms that are distinct and independent of each other. The current work provides a foundation for elaborating the control of these two ripening mechanisms in kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- William O. Asiche
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700–8530 Japan
| | - Oscar W. Mitalo
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700–8530 Japan
| | - Yuka Kasahara
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700–8530 Japan
| | - Yasuaki Tosa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700–8530 Japan
| | | | - Willis O. Owino
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Koichiro Ushijima
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700–8530 Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700–8530 Japan
| | - Kentaro Yano
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, 214–8571 Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kubo
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700–8530 Japan
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17
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Osakabe M, Imamura T, Nakano R, Kamikawa S, Tadatsu M, Kunimoto Y, Doi M. Combination of restriction endonuclease digestion with the ΔΔCt method in real-time PCR to monitor etoxazole resistance allele frequency in the two-spotted spider mite. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2017; 139:1-8. [PMID: 28595916 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring resistance allele frequency at the early stage of resistance development is important for the successful acaricide resistance management. Etoxazole is a mite growth inhibitor to which resistance is conferred by an amino acid substitution in the chitin synthase 1 (CHS1; I1017F) in T. urticae. If the susceptible allele can be specifically digested by restriction endonuclease, the ΔΔCt method using real-time PCR for genomic DNA (RED-ΔΔCt method) may be available for monitoring the resistance allele frequency. We tested whether the etoxazole resistance allele frequency in a pooled sample was accurately measured by the RED-ΔΔCt method and validated whether the resistance variant frequency was correlated with etoxazole resistance phenotype in a bioassay. Finally, we performed a pilot test using field populations. Strong linearity of the measures by the RED-ΔΔCt method with practical resistance allele frequencies; resistance allele frequency in the range between 0.5% to at least 0.75% was strictly represented. The strong linear relationship between hatchability of haploid male eggs after the etoxazole treatments (phenotype) and resistance allele frequencies in their mothers provided direct evidence that I1017F is a primary resistance factor to etoxazole in the strains used for experiments. The pilot test revealed a significant correlation between egg hatchability (including both diploid female eggs and haploid male eggs) and estimators in field populations. Consequently, we concluded that the RED-ΔΔCt method is a powerful tool for monitoring a resistance allele in a pooled sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Osakabe
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Imamura
- Nara Prefecture Agricultural Research and Development Center, Sakurai, Nara 633-0046, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Iwata, Shizuoka 438-0803, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kamikawa
- Nara Prefecture Agricultural Research and Development Center, Sakurai, Nara 633-0046, Japan
| | - Misono Tadatsu
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kunimoto
- Nara Prefecture Agricultural Research and Development Center, Sakurai, Nara 633-0046, Japan
| | - Makoto Doi
- Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Iwata, Shizuoka 438-0803, Japan
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Nakano R, Takebe N, Ono M, Hangai M, Nakagawa R, Yashiro S, Murai T, Nagasawa K, Takahashi Y, Satoh J, Ishigaki Y. Involvement of oxidative stress in atherosclerosis development in subjects with sarcopenic obesity. Obes Sci Pract 2017; 3:212-218. [PMID: 28702214 PMCID: PMC5478807 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Nakano
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan
| | - N Takebe
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan
| | - M Ono
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan
| | - M Hangai
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan
| | - R Nakagawa
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan
| | - S Yashiro
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan
| | - T Murai
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan
| | - K Nagasawa
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan
| | - Y Takahashi
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan
| | - J Satoh
- Department of Internal Medicine Wakabayashi Hospital, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Japan
| | - Y Ishigaki
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan
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Tao W, Akita S, Nakano R, Ito S, Hoshimoto Y, Ogoshi S, Nozaki K. Copolymerisation of ethylene with polar monomers by using palladium catalysts bearing an N-heterocyclic carbene–phosphine oxide bidentate ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:2630-2633. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00002b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterisation of palladium complexes bearing an N-heterocyclic carbene–phosphine oxide bidentate ligand and their use as catalysts for ethylene polymerisation and ethylene/polar monomer copolymerisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Tao
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-8656
- Japan
| | - S. Akita
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-8656
- Japan
| | - R. Nakano
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-8656
- Japan
| | - S. Ito
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-8656
- Japan
| | - Y. Hoshimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Suita
- Japan
| | - S. Ogoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Suita
- Japan
| | - K. Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-8656
- Japan
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Nakano R, Tsuchida Y, Doi M, Ishikawa R, Tatara A, Amano Y, Muramatsu Y. Control of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on Tomato in Greenhouses by a Combination of Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) and Banker Plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4165/kapps.58.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Nakano
- Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry
| | - Yuta Tsuchida
- Present address, Shizuoka Kamo Regional Office of Agriculture and Forestry
| | - Makoto Doi
- Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry
| | - Ryusuke Ishikawa
- Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry
| | - Akio Tatara
- Present address, Yaizu City, Shizuoka Prefecture
| | - Yoshiya Amano
- Present address, Shizuoka Shida Haibara Regional Office of Agriculture and Forestry
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Shibayama Y, Kuwata T, Yamaguchi J, Matsumoto M, Watanabe M, Nakano R, Kai K, Watanabe M, Watanabe R, Ohkuchi A, Matsubara S. Changes in standing body sway of pregnant women after long-term bed rest. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2015; 36:479-82. [PMID: 26471310 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2015.1086983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Pregnant women tend to fall and increased body postural instability, namely body sway, may be one of the causative factors. We had a clinical impression that pregnant women after long-term bed rest tend to fall. We hypothesised that such women may show increased body sway, which we attempted to determine. Pregnant women (n = 161) were divided into three groups: (i) women with preterm labour after 2-week bed rest, (ii) those after 4-week bed rest, and (iii) those without bed rest or preterm labour. Body sway was analysed using stabilometry, that is, computed analysis of movement of the centre of gravity. The 3 groups fundamentally showed the same stabilometric measurements. Women with oedema showed greater medial-lateral sway than those without it. Factors other than oedema yielded no differences in stabilometric parameters. Long-term bed rest fundamentally did not increase body sway to the extent that stabilometry could reveal it. It may be prudent to consider that pregnant women with oedema tend to fall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shibayama
- a Department of Midwifery and Nursing , Jichi Medical University Hospital , Tochigi , Japan
| | - T Kuwata
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Jichi Medical University , Tochigi , Japan
| | - J Yamaguchi
- a Department of Midwifery and Nursing , Jichi Medical University Hospital , Tochigi , Japan
| | - M Matsumoto
- a Department of Midwifery and Nursing , Jichi Medical University Hospital , Tochigi , Japan
| | - M Watanabe
- a Department of Midwifery and Nursing , Jichi Medical University Hospital , Tochigi , Japan
| | - R Nakano
- a Department of Midwifery and Nursing , Jichi Medical University Hospital , Tochigi , Japan
| | - K Kai
- c Department of Midwifery and Nursing , Saitama Medical Center Hospital, Jichi Medical University , Saitama , Japan
| | - M Watanabe
- a Department of Midwifery and Nursing , Jichi Medical University Hospital , Tochigi , Japan
| | - R Watanabe
- d School of Nursing, Jichi Medical University , Tochigi , Japan
| | - A Ohkuchi
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Jichi Medical University , Tochigi , Japan.,e Support Center for Clinical Investigation, Jichi Medical University , Tochigi , Japan
| | - S Matsubara
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Jichi Medical University , Tochigi , Japan.,e Support Center for Clinical Investigation, Jichi Medical University , Tochigi , Japan
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Kitada S, Yamada S, Kuma A, Ouchi S, Tasaki T, Nabeshima A, Noguchi H, Wang KY, Shimajiri S, Nakano R, Izumi H, Kohno K, Matsumoto T, Sasaguri Y. Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase 3 independently predicts high-grade tumours and poor prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinomas. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:472-81. [PMID: 23799843 PMCID: PMC3721383 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-Ts) family of enzymes regulates the initial steps of mucin-type O-glycosylation. N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases might show novel patterns of GalNAc-T glycosylation on tumour-derived proteins, which could influence cancer biology, but its mechanisms are unclear. We investigated the association of GalNAc-T3 and -T6 expressions with clinicopathological features and prognoses of patients with renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). METHODS Expressions of GalNAc-T3/6 and cell-adhesion molecules were analysed immunohistochemically in 254 paraffin-embedded tumour samples of patients with RCC. RESULTS Of 138 GalNAc-T3+ cases, 46 revealed significant co-expression with GalNAc-T6. N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases-3+ expression showed a close relationship to poor clinical performance and large tumour size, or pathologically high Fuhrman's grading, and presence of vascular invasion and necrosis. The GalNAc-T3-positivity potentially suppressed adhesive effects with a significantly low β-catenin expression. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed the GalNAc-T3+ group, but not the GalNAc-T6+ group, to have significantly worse survival rates. CONCLUSION N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases-3 expression independently predicts high-grade tumour and poor prognosis in patients with RCC, and may offer a therapeutic target against RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kitada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - S Yamada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - A Kuma
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - S Ouchi
- Laboratory of Pathology, Kyushu Kosei Nenkin Hospital, Kitakyushu 806-8501, Japan
| | - T Tasaki
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - A Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - H Noguchi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - K-Y Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Bio-information Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - S Shimajiri
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Laboratory of Pathology, Kyushu Kosei Nenkin Hospital, Kitakyushu 806-8501, Japan
| | - R Nakano
- Laboratory of Pathology, Kyushu Kosei Nenkin Hospital, Kitakyushu 806-8501, Japan
| | - H Izumi
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - K Kohno
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - T Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Y Sasaguri
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
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Ubagai T, Nagakawa S, Ueda T, Nakano R, Kikuchi H, Ono Y. P21 Effects of antibiotics in immunomodulatory gene expression of LPS-stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(13)70266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mworia EG, Yoshikawa T, Salikon N, Oda C, Asiche WO, Yokotani N, Abe D, Ushijima K, Nakano R, Kubo Y. Low-temperature-modulated fruit ripening is independent of ethylene in 'Sanuki Gold' kiwifruit. J Exp Bot 2012; 63:963-71. [PMID: 22058408 PMCID: PMC3254691 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fruit ripening in response to treatments with propylene, 1-methycyclopropene (1-MCP), and low temperature was characterized in 'Sanuki Gold' kiwifruit, Actinidia chinensis Planch. Propylene treatment immediately induced rapid fruit softening, increased AC-PG (polygalacturonase) and AC-EXP (expansin) mRNA accumulation, and stimulated an increase in the soluble solid concentration (SSC) and a decrease in titratable acidity (TA). After 3 d exposure to propylene, ethylene production and AC-PL (pectate lyase) mRNA accumulation were observed. 1-MCP treatment after 24 h exposure to propylene eliminated AC-PG mRNA accumulation and suppressed continued changes in SSC and TA. Application of 1-MCP at the start of the treatment, followed by continuous propylene exposure, markedly delayed fruit softening, and the expression of the cell wall-modifying genes, and changes in the SSC and TA, indicating that kiwifruit become insensitive to ethylene at least for 3 d following 1-MCP exposure. Surprisingly, significant fruit softening, mRNA accumulation of AC-PG, AC-PL, and AC-EXP, and decreased TA were observed without ethylene production in intact fruit stored at low temperature for 1 month, but not in fruit stored at room temperature. Repeated 1-MCP treatments (twice a week) failed to inhibit the changes that occurred in low temperature storage. These observations indicate that low temperature modulates the ripening of kiwifruit in an ethylene-independent manner, suggesting that kiwifruit ripening is inducible by either ethylene or low temperature signals.
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Ushijima K, Nakano R, Bando M, Shigezane Y, Ikeda K, Namba Y, Kume S, Kitabata T, Mori H, Kubo Y. Isolation of the floral morph-related genes in heterostylous flax (Linum grandiflorum): the genetic polymorphism and the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulations of the S locus. Plant J 2012; 69:317-31. [PMID: 21923744 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Heterostylous species have two types of flowers, thrum and pin morphs, and these are controlled by a single diallelic locus designated the 'S locus'; fertilization between these two types of flowers is successful. The S gene and the molecular mechanism by which it operates remain to be uncovered, although heterostyly has been studied since the time of Darwin. We compared transcripts and proteins of the thrum and pin flowers of heterostylous flax (Linum grandiflorum) to characterize the molecular differences between them and to elucidate the molecular machinery of heterostyly. Twelve floral morph-related genes were eventually isolated by an integrated study of subtraction and 2D-PAGE analyses, and four genes, TSS1, LgAP1, LgMYB21 and LgSKS1, were predicted to be related to heterostyly. TSS1, a thrum style-specific gene, showed some features suitable for the S gene. Although its biological function is unclear, TSS1 was expressed only in the thrum style and is probably linked to the S locus. LgMYB21, another thrum style gene, would be involved in floral morphogenesis. LgMYB21 was highly expressed in the thrum style, which is shorter than the pin style, and its overexpression in Arabidopsis reduced pistil length. Furthermore, a comparison of transcript and protein accumulations showed no differences in the mRNA accumulation of some thrum-specific proteins, including LgSKS1, suggesting that these are regulated by floral morph-specific post-transcriptional regulation. The Linum S locus regulates not only S specificity but also many floral phenotypes. Dynamic regulation of transcripts and proteins would be necessary for the pleiotropic function of the Linum S locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Ushijima
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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Bassil E, Tajima H, Liang YC, Ohto MA, Ushijima K, Nakano R, Esumi T, Coku A, Belmonte M, Blumwald E. The Arabidopsis Na+/H+ antiporters NHX1 and NHX2 control vacuolar pH and K+ homeostasis to regulate growth, flower development, and reproduction. Plant Cell 2011; 23:3482-97. [PMID: 21954467 PMCID: PMC3203450 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.111.089581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular Na(+)/H(+) (NHX) antiporters have important roles in cellular pH and Na(+), K(+) homeostasis. The six Arabidopsis thaliana intracellular NHX members are divided into two groups, endosomal (NHX5 and NHX6) and vacuolar (NHX1 to NHX4). Of the vacuolar members, NHX1 has been characterized functionally, but the remaining members have largely unknown roles. Using reverse genetics, we show that, unlike the single knockouts nhx1 or nhx2, the double knockout nhx1 nhx2 had significantly reduced growth, smaller cells, shorter hypocotyls in etiolated seedlings and abnormal stamens in mature flowers. Filaments of nhx1 nhx2 did not elongate and lacked the ability to dehisce and release pollen, resulting in a near lack of silique formation. Pollen viability and germination was not affected. Quantification of vacuolar pH and intravacuolar K(+) concentrations indicated that nhx1 nhx2 vacuoles were more acidic and accumulated only 30% of the wild-type K(+) concentration, highlighting the roles of NHX1 and NHX2 in mediating vacuolar K(+)/H(+) exchange. Growth under added Na(+), but not K(+), partly rescued the flower and growth phenotypes. Our results demonstrate the roles of NHX1 and NHX2 in regulating intravacuolar K(+) and pH, which are essential to cell expansion and flower development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Bassil
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Hiromi Tajima
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Yin-Chih Liang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Masa-aki Ohto
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Koichiro Ushijima
- Department of Agriculture, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Department of Agriculture, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tomoya Esumi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Ardian Coku
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Mark Belmonte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
- Address correspondence to
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Li Z, Yamada S, Inenaga S, Imamura T, Wu Y, Wang KY, Shimajiri S, Nakano R, Izumi H, Kohno K, Sasaguri Y. Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 expression in pancreatic cancer is an independent prognostic factor indicating better overall survival. Br J Cancer 2011; 104:1882-9. [PMID: 21587259 PMCID: PMC3111199 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The family of polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-Ts) is responsible for the altered glycosylation in cancer. The purpose of our study was to investigate the clinical significance of two isoforms, GalNAc-T6 and -T3, and their correlation with the prognosis of pancreatic cancer. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to analyse GalNAc-T6 and -T3 expressions in 70 clinicopathologically characterised pancreatic cancer cases. RESULTS Positive expressions of GalNAc-T6 and -T3 were immunohistochemically identified in 51% (36 of 70) and in 77% (54 of 70) of patients, respectively. A close relationship was noted between GalNAc-T6 positive expression and pathological well/moderate differentiated type (P=0.001), small tumour size (P=0.044), absence of vascular invasion (P=0.009), and low stage of the American Joint Committee on Cancer systems (P=0.043). The expression of GalNAc-T3 significantly correlated with good differentiation (P=0.001), but not with other clinicopathologic features. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that GalNAc-T6 expression was an independent prognosis indicator for the disease, whereas GalNAc-T3 expression had no impact on clinical outcome, even though 33 of 36 GalNAc-T6-positive cases also had a positive expression of GalNAc-T3 (P=0.001, r=0.356). CONCLUSION Both GalNAc-T6 and -T3 expressions correlated significantly with tumour differentiation, whereas only GalNAc-T6 expression predicted prognosis in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Li
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - S Yamada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - S Inenaga
- Department of Pathology, Kyushu Kosei-Nenkin Hospital, Kitakyushu 806-8501, Japan
| | - T Imamura
- Department of Surgery, Tobata Kyoritsu Hospital, Kitakyushu 804-0093, Japan
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - K-Y Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - S Shimajiri
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Kyushu Kosei-Nenkin Hospital, Kitakyushu 806-8501, Japan
| | - R Nakano
- Department of Pathology, Kyushu Kosei-Nenkin Hospital, Kitakyushu 806-8501, Japan
| | - H Izumi
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - K Kohno
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Y Sasaguri
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
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Hossain MA, Nakano R, Nakamura K, Hossain MT, Kimura Y. Molecular characterization of plant acidic alpha-mannosidase, a member of glycosylhydrolase family 38, involved in the turnover of N-glycans during tomato fruit ripening. J Biochem 2010; 148:603-16. [PMID: 20798166 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvq094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that acidic α-mannosidase activity increases during tomato fruit ripening, suggesting the turnover of N-glycoproteins is deeply associated with fruit ripening. As part of a study to reveal the relationship between the plant α-mannosidase activity and fruit maturation at the molecular level, we have already purified and characterized an α-mannosidase from tomato fruit (Hossain et al., Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2009;73:140-146). In this article, we describe the identification and expression of the tomato acidic α-mannosidase gene using the yeast-expression system. The α-mannosidase-gene located at chomosome 6 is a 10 kb spanned containing 30 exons. The gene-encoded-protein is single polypeptide chain of 1,028 amino acids containing glycosyl hydrolase domain-38 with predicted molecular mass of 116 kDa. The recombinant enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 5.5, and was almost completely inhibited by both of 1-deoxymannojirimycin and swainsonine. The recombinant α-mannosidase, like the native enzyme, could cleave α1-2, 1-3 and 1-6 mannosidic linkage from both high-mannose and truncated complex-type N-glycans. A molecular 3D modelling shows that catalytically important residues of animal lysosomal α-mannosidase could be superimposed on those of tomato α-mannosidase, suggesting that active site conformation is highly conserved between plant acidic α-mannosidase and animal lysosomal α-mannosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Anowar Hossain
- Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Kishimoto S, Muneuchi J, Takahashi Y, Izu K, Nakano R, Joo K. Psoriasiform skin lesion and supprative acrodermatitis associated with Kawasaki disease followed by the treatment with infliximab: a case report. Acta Paediatr 2010; 99:1102-4. [PMID: 20219036 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01745.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A 4-month-old boy was diagnosed with Kawasaki disease. The ordinary treatments with intravenous gammaglobulin and metylpredonisolone were not effective. Infliximab (5 mg/kg) was administrated on 13th day of illness which led to defeverscence and improvement of clinical manifestations. On 23 days of illness, however, desquamative papules and plaques developed on both the extensor surfaces of the forearms and legs. In addition, typical subungual desquamations of fingers and toes followed crusted hyperkeratosis which resembled supprative acrodermatitis. Skin biopsy from the forearm showed inflammatory dyskeratosis with marked hyperkeratosis, epithelial parakeratotsis, loss of granular layer and dominant infiltration of CD8 + T-cells. Local treatment of steroid followed improvement of skin lesions within a few weeks. CONCLUSION Although previous reports described the beneficial effects of infliximab in patients with Kawasaki disease, it is possible that the administration of infliximab modify psoriasiform skin lesion associated with Kawasaki disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kishimoto
- Division of Pediatrics, Kyushu Koseinenkin Hospital, Japan
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Sugiyama A, Hata S, Suzuki K, Yoshida E, Nakano R, Mitra S, Arashida R, Asayama Y, Yabuta Y, Takeuchi T. Oral administration of paramylon, a beta-1,3-D-glucan isolated from Euglena gracilis Z inhibits development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. J Vet Med Sci 2010; 72:755-63. [PMID: 20160419 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.09-0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Paramylon is a beta-1,3-D-glucan isolated from Euglena gracilis Z. This study was designed to evaluate the suppressive effects of the oral administration of paramylon on the development of atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions induced by repeated application of 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) in sensitized NC/Nga mice. The effects of paramylon were assessed by measuring macroscopical and histopathological findings of skin, ear swelling, serum levels of total IgE, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-18 and IL-12 contents in the skin lesions. Oral administration of paramylon inhibited the development of AD-like skin lesions as exemplified by a significant decrease in dermatitis scores for the back, ear swelling and hypertrophy of the skin, infiltration of inflammatory cells in the skin, and serum IgE levels. Oral administration of paramylon reduced serum levels of both IL-4 and IFN-gamma and IL-18 and IL-12 contents in the skin lesions. Oral administration of paramylon did not cause weight loss, as was observed with prednisolone. These results suggest that paramylon inhibits the development of AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice by suppressing both the T-helper (Th) 1 and Th 2 cell responses. Our results indicate that paramylon treatment could provide an effective alternative therapy for the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Sugiyama
- Course of Veterinary Laboratory Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Japan.
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Nakano R, Ishida H, Kobayashi M, Makino A, Mae T. Biochemical changes associated with in vivo RbcL fragmentation by reactive oxygen species under chilling-light conditions. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2010; 12:35-45. [PMID: 20653886 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00209.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
During physiological stress, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) degradation is accelerated, which is considered to be one of the key factors responsible for photosynthetic decline. A recent study has shown that the large subunit (RbcL) of Rubisco is directly fragmented by hydroxyl radicals in Cucumis sativus leaves under chilling-light conditions. In the present study, we investigated biochemical aspects associated with this in vivo RbcL fragmentation by reactive oxygen species. RbcL fragmentation was observed in C. sativus and Phaseolus vulgaris, but not in Solanum lycopersicum, Glycine max, Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum, Spinacia oleracea or Arabidopsis thaliana. In C. sativus and P. vulgaris, RbcL fragmentation followed the fragmentation of PsaB, while in the other species, PsaB fragmentation did not occur. In C. sativus and P. vulgaris, the activities of antioxidant enzymes decreased dramatically under chilling-light conditions, and the proportion of uncarbamylated Rubisco increased. These data suggest that in vivo RbcL fragmentation under chilling-light conditions is associated with a combination of events, namely, inactivation of antioxidant enzymes, destruction of photosystem I and an increase of uncarbamylated Rubisco, which can produce hydroxyl radicals via the Fenton reaction at the catalytic site of RbcL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nakano
- Department of Applied Plant Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Abstract
SUMMARY
Ultrasonic hearing is widespread among moths, but very few moth species have been reported to produce ultrasounds for sexual communication. In those that do, the signals are intense and thus well matched for long distance communication. By contrast, males of the Asian corn borer moth (Crambidae) were recently shown to whisper extremely low-intensity ultrasonic courtship songs close to females. Since low sound levels will prevent eavesdropping by predators, parasites and conspecific rivals, we predicted low intensity ultrasound communication to be widespread among moths. Here we tested 13 species of moths including members of the Noctuidae, Arctiidae, Geometridae and Crambidae. Males of nine species, 70%, produced broadband ultrasound close to females. Peak frequencies ranged from 38 to above 100 kHz. All sounds were of low intensity, 43-76 dB SPL at 1 cm [64±10 dB peSPL (mean ± s.d.), N=9 species]. These quiet and/or hyper-frequency ultrasounds are audible to nearby mates, but inaudible to unintended receivers. Although largely unknown because it is so inconspicuous, acoustic communication using low intensity ultrasound appears to be widespread among hearing moths. Thus, acoustic communication may be the norm rather than the exception.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Nakano
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - T. Takanashi
- Department of Forest Entomology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - T. Fujii
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - N. Skals
- Vedbendvænget 6, DK-5800 Nyborg, Denmark
| | - A. Surlykke
- Center for Sound Communication, Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Y. Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Hossain MA, Nakano R, Nakamura K, Kimura Y. Molecular identification and characterization of an acidic peptide:N-glycanase from tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) fruits. J Biochem 2009; 147:157-65. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvp157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Sugiyama A, Suzuki K, Mitra S, Arashida R, Yoshida E, Nakano R, Yabuta Y, Takeuchi T. Hepatoprotective effects of paramylon, a beta-1, 3-D-glucan isolated from Euglena gracilis Z, on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. J Vet Med Sci 2009; 71:885-90. [PMID: 19652474 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.71.885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Paramylon is a beta-(1-3)-D-glucan isolated from Euglena gracilis Z. This study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of paramylon on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in rats. Wistar stain male rats were orally administered paramylon (500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg body weight) before treatment with a single intraperitoneal dose of 50% CCl(4) (2 ml/kg body weight). The rats were sacrificed 24 hr later, and blood samples were collected for assay of serum biochemical parameters. The livers were excised to evaluate the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Histopathological examination of the livers was also performed. The results showed that the treatment of paramylon prevented elevation of the serum levels of hepatic enzyme markers and inhibited fatty degeneration and hepatic necrosis induced by CCl(4). Pre-administration of paramylon reduced the liver apoptotic index. The treatment of paramylon recovered reductions of activity of hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase induced by CCl(4). These results demonstrate that paramylon exhibits protective action on acute hepatic injury induced by CCl(4) via an antioxidative mechanism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a hepatoprotective effect based on the antioxidative action of paramylon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Sugiyama
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.
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Ishikawa Y, Takeuchi I, Nakano R. Multi-directional search from the primitive initial point for Gaussian mixture estimation using variational Bayes method. Neural Netw 2009; 23:356-64. [PMID: 19716678 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2009.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Revised: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is widely used in many applications because it can approximate various forms of probability distributions. In this paper, we are concerned with GMM estimation problem using the variational Bayes (VB) method. In this approach, one can only find local optima because the free energy function of the problem is multimodal. In order to find better solutions, deterministic annealing was recently adapted to the VB method (DAVB method). In this paper, we offer an alternative approach to the DAVB method for GMM estimation problem. We propose a multi-directional search method from the primitive initial point (PIP), which is defined as the solution of the DAVB method at the highest temperature. Investigation on the curvature information of the original (not annealed) free energy function reveals that the PIP is a saddle point. An efficient multi-directional search strategy from the neighborhoods of the PIP is proposed using the eigen-analysis of the Hessian matrix. Numerical experiments using real data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Ishikawa
- Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan.
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Abstract
In this study, we examined the in vitro effects of ethanol on [125I]human follicle-stimulating hormone (hFSH) and [125I]human luteinizing hormone (hLH) binding to porcine granulosa cells (GCs). The GC suspensions and [125I]hFSH or [125I]hLH were incubated in the presence or absence of 1-50% (vol/vol) ethanol until steady state binding was attained for 2 h at 37 degrees C. The presence of 1-4% ethanol significantly enhanced the specific binding of hFSH to porcine GCs, with a maximal effect at 4% ethanol, however, had no effect on hLH binding. Higher concentration of ethanol (8-50%) significantly decreased both specific hFSH and hLH binding to porcine GCs. Scatchard analyses revealed that ethanol increased the number of FSH-binding sites without changing the affinity for FSH. The data suggest that porcine GCs contain a population of masked FSH-binding sites exposed by in vitro treatment with ethanol. Furthermore, the membrane fluidity may play an important role in the masking/unmasking mechanism of FSH-binding sites within the porcine GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nishimori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wakayama Medical College, Japan
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Yokotani N, Nakano R, Imanishi S, Nagata M, Inaba A, Kubo Y. Ripening-associated ethylene biosynthesis in tomato fruit is autocatalytically and developmentally regulated. J Exp Bot 2009; 60:3433-42. [PMID: 19605457 PMCID: PMC2724697 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erp185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2009] [Revised: 05/09/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the regulatory mechanism(s) of ethylene biosynthesis in fruit, transgenic tomatoes with all known LeEIL genes suppressed were produced by RNA interference engineering. The transgenic tomato exhibited ethylene insensitivity phenotypes such as non-ripening and the lack of the triple response and petiole epinasty of seedlings even in the presence of exogenous ethylene. Transgenic fruit exhibited a low but consistent increase in ethylene production beyond 40 days after anthesis (DAA), with limited LeACS2 and LeACS4 expression. 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), a potent inhibitor of ethylene perception, failed to inhibit the limited increase in ethylene production and expression of the two 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (ACS) genes in the transgenic fruit. These results suggest that ripening-associated ethylene (system 2) in wild-type tomato fruit consists of two parts: a small part regulated by a developmental factor through the ethylene-independent expression of LeACS2 and LeACS4 and a large part regulated by an autocatalytic system due to the ethylene-dependent expression of the same genes. The results further suggest that basal ethylene (system 1) is less likely to be involved in the transition to system 2. Even if the effect of system 1 ethylene is eliminated, fruit can show a small increase in ethylene production due to unknown developmental factors. This increase would be enough for the stimulation of autocatalytic ethylene production, leading to fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yokotani
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences, 7549-1 Yoshikawa, Kibichuo-cho, Okayama, 716-1241 Japan
| | - Ryohei Nakano
- Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
| | - Shunsuke Imanishi
- Postharvest Research Team, National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science. National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 360 Kusawa, Ano, Tsu, Mie 514-2392 Japan
| | - Masayasu Nagata
- Postharvest Research Team, National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science. National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 360 Kusawa, Ano, Tsu, Mie 514-2392 Japan
| | - Akitsugu Inaba
- Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kubo
- Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Tahara A, Matsuyama-Yokono A, Nakano R, Someya Y, Shibasaki M. Effects of antidiabetic drugs on glucose tolerance in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced mildly diabetic and streptozotocin-induced severely diabetic mice. Horm Metab Res 2008; 40:880-6. [PMID: 18819058 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1087167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced mildly diabetic mice and streptozotocin-induced severely diabetic mice were created to compare their characteristics and to investigate the effects of antidiabetic drugs on glucose tolerance. In severely diabetic mice, the pancreatic insulin content decreased to approximately 10% of levels found in normal mice. These mice also showed a decrease in body weight, a marked increase in nonfasting blood glucose levels and urinary glucose excretion, and a marked decline in glucose tolerance due to insulin secretory deficiency. In contrast, the pancreatic insulin content was approximately 50% of normal levels in mildly diabetic mice. These mice did not show any change in body weight, but displayed a mild increase in nonfasting blood glucose levels and urinary glucose excretion, and a mild decline in glucose tolerance due to loss of early-phase insulin secretion. Administration of antidiabetic drugs, namely voglibose, metformin, glibenclamide, sitagliptin and insulin, significantly improved glucose tolerance in mildly diabetic mice. In severely diabetic mice, voglibose, metformin and insulin significantly improved glucose tolerance, but no significant effect was observed for glibenclamide and sitagliptin due to a decreased insulinotropic effect. These results demonstrate that streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced mildly diabetic mice have many pathological features resembling type 2 diabetes, and can serve as models for the pharmacological evaluation of many antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tahara
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan.
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Saito K, Nakano R, Kimura M. Prediction of Information Diffusion Probabilities for Independent Cascade Model. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-85567-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Takahata M, Tamura T, Abe K, Mihara H, Kurokawa S, Yamamoto Y, Nakano R, Esaki N, Inagaki K. Selenite Assimilation into Formate Dehydrogenase H Depends on Thioredoxin Reductase in Escherichia coli. J Biochem 2007; 143:467-73. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvm247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mwaniki MW, Mathooko FM, Hiwasa K, Tateishi A, Yokotani N, Ushijima K, Nakano R, Inaba A, Kubo Y. β-Galactosidase and α-L-Arabinofuranosidase Activities and Gene Expression in European and Chinese Pear Fruit During Ripening. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.2503/jjshs.76.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nishiyama K, Guis M, Rose JKC, Kubo Y, Bennett KA, Wangjin L, Kato K, Ushijima K, Nakano R, Inaba A, Bouzayen M, Latche A, Pech JC, Bennett AB. Ethylene regulation of fruit softening and cell wall disassembly in Charentais melon. J Exp Bot 2007; 58:1281-90. [PMID: 17308329 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erl283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall disassembly in ripening fruit is highly complex, involving the dismantling of multiple polysaccharide networks by diverse families of wall-modifying proteins. While it has been reported in several species that multiple members of each such family are expressed in the same fruit tissue, it is not clear whether this reflects functional redundancy, with protein isozymes from a single enzyme class performing similar roles and contributing equally to wall degradation, or whether they have discrete functions, with some isoforms playing a predominant role. Experiments reported here sought to distinguish between cell wall-related processes in ripening melon that were softening-associated and softening-independent. Cell wall polysaccharide depolymerization and the expression of wall metabolism-related genes were examined in transgenic melon (Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis Naud.) fruit with suppressed expression of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO) gene and fruits treated with ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Softening was completely inhibited in the transgenic fruit but was restored by treatment with exogenous ethylene. Moreover, post-harvest application of 1-MCP after the onset of ripening completely halted subsequent softening, suggesting that melon fruit softening is ethylene-dependent. Size exclusion chromatography of cell wall polysaccharides, from the transgenic fruits, with or without exogenous ethylene, indicated that the depolymerization of both pectins and xyloglucans was also ethylene dependent. However, northern analyses of a diverse range of cell wall-related genes, including those for polygalacturonases, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases, expansin, and beta-galactosidases, identified specific genes within single families that could be categorized as ethylene-dependent, ethylene-independent, or partially ethylene-dependent. These results support the hypothesis that while individual cell wall-modifying proteins from each family contribute to cell wall disassembly that accompanies fruit softening, other closely related family members are regulated in an ethylene-independent manner and apparently do not directly participate in fruit softening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyomi Nishiyama
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
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Inaba A, Liu X, Yokotani N, Yamane M, Lu WJ, Nakano R, Kubo Y. Differential feedback regulation of ethylene biosynthesis in pulp and peel tissues of banana fruit. J Exp Bot 2007; 58:1047-57. [PMID: 17185740 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erl265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The feedback regulation of ethylene biosynthesis in banana [Musa sp. (AAA group, Cavendish subgroup) cv. Grand Nain] fruit was investigated in an attempt to clarify the opposite effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an ethylene action inhibitor, before and after the onset of ripening. 1-MCP pre-treatment completely prevented the ripening-induced effect of propylene in pre-climacteric banana fruit, whereas treatment after the onset of ripening stimulated ethylene production. In pre-climacteric fruit, higher concentrations of propylene suppressed ethylene production more strongly, despite their earlier ethylene-inducing effect. Exposure of the fruit ripened by propylene to 1-MCP increased ethylene production concomitantly with an increase in 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase activity and ACC content, and prevented a transient decrease in MA-ACS1 transcripts in the pulp tissues. In contrast, in the peel of ripening fruit, 1-MCP prevented the increase in ethylene production and subsequently the ripening process by reduction of the increase in MA-ACS1 and MA-ACO1 transcripts and of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase activities. These results suggest that ethylene biosynthesis in ripening banana fruit may be controlled negatively in the pulp tissue and positively in the peel tissue. This differential regulation by ethylene in pulp and peel tissues was also observed for MA-PL, MA-Exp, and MA-MADS genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitsugu Inaba
- Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan.
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Shimada T, Nakano R, Shulaev V, Sadka A, Blumwald E. Vacuolar citrate/H+ symporter of citrus juice cells. Planta 2006; 224:472-80. [PMID: 16440212 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-006-0223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 12/29/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We have isolated a cDNA, designated Citrus sinensis citrate transporter 1 CsCit1 encoding a novel vacuolar citrate/symporter. Immunoblots using antibodies raised against CsCit1 showed that the protein is localized to the juice sac cell vacuoles. The highest expression of CsCit1 and the amount of protein in the juice sac cell vacuoles coincided with the developmental stage at which the vacuolar citrate content began declining with the concomitant increase in vacuolar pH. Vacuoles from Sacharomyces cereviseae expressing CsCit1 displayed a citrate-dependent H(+) efflux, and our results clearly demonstrate that CsCit1 is able to mediate the electroneutral co-transport of H(+) and citrate ions, since the citrate-dependent H(+) fluxes are not affected by changing the electrical potential difference across the tonoplast. The roles of CsCit1 in mediating citrate efflux from the vacuole and on citric acid homoestasis in Citrus juice sac cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Shimada
- Department of Plant Sciences, Mail Stop 5, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, 95616, USA
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Sato T, Nakanishi T, Yamamoto Y, Andersen PM, Ogawa Y, Fukada K, Zhou Z, Aoike F, Sugai F, Nagano S, Hirata S, Ogawa M, Nakano R, Ohi T, Kato T, Nakagawa M, Hamasaki T, Shimizu A, Sakoda S. Rapid disease progression correlates with instability of mutant SOD1 in familial ALS. Neurology 2005; 65:1954-7. [PMID: 16291929 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000188760.53922.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on the clinical course of familial ALS suggest that the duration of illness is relatively consistent for each mutation but variable among the different mutations. The authors analyzed the relative amount of mutant compared with normal SOD1 protein in the erythrocytes from 29 patients with ALS with 22 different mutations. Turnover of mutant SOD1 correlated with a shorter disease survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sato
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Hiwasa K, Nakano R, Hashimoto A, Matsuzaki M, Murayama H, Inaba A, Kubo Y. European, Chinese and Japanese pear fruits exhibit differential softening characteristics during ripening. J Exp Bot 2004; 55:2281-90. [PMID: 15333646 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erh250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Softening characteristics were investigated in three types of pear fruit, namely, European pear 'La France', Chinese pear 'Yali', and Japanese pear 'Nijisseiki'. 'La France' fruit softened dramatically and developed a melting texture during ripening, while 'Yali' fruit with and without propylene treatment showed no change in flesh firmness and texture during ripening. Non-treated 'Nijisseiki' did not show a detectable decrease in flesh firmness, whereas continuous propylene treatment caused a gradual decrease in firmness resulting in a mealy texture. In 'La France', the analysis of cell wall polysaccharides revealed distinct solubilization and depolymerization of pectin and hemicellulose during fruit softening. In 'Nijisseiki', propylene treatment led to the solubilization and depolymerization of pectic polysaccharides to a limited extent, but not of hemicellulose. In 'Yali', hemicellulose polysaccharides were depolymerized during ripening, but there was hardly any change in pectic polysaccharides except in the water-soluble fraction. PC-PG1 and PC-PG2, two polygalacturonase (PG) genes, were expressed in 'La France' fruit during ripening, while only PC-PG2 was expressed in 'Nijisseiki' and neither PC-PG1 or PC-PG2 was expressed in 'Yali'. The expression pattern of PC-XET1 was constitutive during ripening in all three pear types. PG activity measured by the reducing sugar assay increased in all three pears during ripening. However, viscometric measurements showed that the levels of endo-PG activity were high in 'La France', low in 'Nijisseiki', and undetectable in 'Yali' fruits. These results suggest that, in pears, cell wall degradation is correlated with a decrease in firmness during ripening and the modification of both pectin and hemicellulose are essential for the development of a melting texture. Furthermore, the data suggest that different softening behaviours during ripening among the three pear fruits may be caused by different endo-PG activity and different expression of PG genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Hiwasa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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