1
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Bosco-Lauth AM, Schueler A, Midthun E, Tyra H, Held A, Hood C, Quilici M, Erickson S, Glover S, Gustafson B, Anderson G. Vaccination against Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 (RHDV2) Using a Baculovirus Recombinant Vaccine Provides Durable Immunity in Rabbits. Viruses 2024; 16:538. [PMID: 38675881 PMCID: PMC11054048 DOI: 10.3390/v16040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) emerged in the United States in 2018 and has spread in both domestic and wild rabbits nationwide. The virus has a high mortality rate and can spread rapidly once introduced in a rabbit population. Vaccination against RHDV2 provides the best protection against disease and should be considered by all rabbit owners. Here, we investigate the duration of immunity provided by vaccination with the Medgene Platform conditionally licensed commercial vaccine 6 months following the initial series. Rabbits received either the vaccination or a placebo and were challenged with RHDV2 6 months later. All vaccinated rabbits survived challenge whereas 18/19 non-vaccinated controls succumbed to infection within 10 or fewer days post-challenge. These results demonstrate lasting immunity following vaccination with the Medgene RHDV2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Bosco-Lauth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
| | | | - Edward Midthun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
| | - Hailey Tyra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
| | - Amanda Held
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
| | - Claire Hood
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
| | - Marissa Quilici
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
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2
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Wang L, Scherer SE, Bielinski SJ, Muzny DM, Jones LA, Black JL, Moyer AM, Giri J, Sharp RR, Matey ET, Wright JA, Oyen LJ, Nicholson WT, Wiepert M, Sullard T, Curry TB, Vitek CRR, McAllister TM, Sauver JL, Caraballo PJ, Lazaridis KN, Venner E, Qin X, Hu J, Kovar CL, Korchina V, Walker K, Doddapaneni H, Wu TJ, Raj R, Denson S, Liu W, Chandanavelli G, Zhang L, Wang Q, Kalra D, Karow MB, Harris KJ, Sicotte H, Peterson SE, Barthel AE, Moore BE, Skierka JM, Kluge ML, Kotzer KE, Kloke K, Vander Pol JM, Marker H, Sutton JA, Kekic A, Ebenhoh A, Bierle DM, Schuh MJ, Grilli C, Erickson S, Umbreit A, Ward L, Crosby S, Nelson EA, Levey S, Elliott M, Peters SG, Pereira N, Frye M, Shamoun F, Goetz MP, Kullo IJ, Wermers R, Anderson JA, Formea CM, El Melik RM, Zeuli JD, Herges JR, Krieger CA, Hoel RW, Taraba JL, Thomas SR, Absah I, Bernard ME, Fink SR, Gossard A, Grubbs PL, Jacobson TM, Takahashi P, Zehe SC, Buckles S, Bumgardner M, Gallagher C, Fee-Schroeder K, Nicholas NR, Powers ML, Ragab AK, Richardson DM, Stai A, Wilson J, Pacyna JE, Olson JE, Sutton EJ, Beck AT, Horrow C, Kalari KR, Larson NB, Liu H, Wang L, Lopes GS, Borah BJ, Freimuth RR, Zhu Y, Jacobson DJ, Hathcock MA, Armasu SM, McGree ME, Jiang R, Koep TH, Ross JL, Hilden M, Bosse K, Ramey B, Searcy I, Boerwinkle E, Gibbs RA, Weinshilboum RM. Implementation of preemptive DNA sequence-based pharmacogenomics testing across a large academic medical center: The Mayo-Baylor RIGHT 10K Study. Genet Med 2022; 24:1062-1072. [PMID: 35331649 PMCID: PMC9272414 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Mayo-Baylor RIGHT 10K Study enabled preemptive, sequence-based pharmacogenomics (PGx)-driven drug prescribing practices in routine clinical care within a large cohort. We also generated the tools and resources necessary for clinical PGx implementation and identified challenges that need to be overcome. Furthermore, we measured the frequency of both common genetic variation for which clinical guidelines already exist and rare variation that could be detected by DNA sequencing, rather than genotyping. METHODS Targeted oligonucleotide-capture sequencing of 77 pharmacogenes was performed using DNA from 10,077 consented Mayo Clinic Biobank volunteers. The resulting predicted drug response-related phenotypes for 13 genes, including CYP2D6 and HLA, affecting 21 drug-gene pairs, were deposited preemptively in the Mayo electronic health record. RESULTS For the 13 pharmacogenes of interest, the genomes of 79% of participants carried clinically actionable variants in 3 or more genes, and DNA sequencing identified an average of 3.3 additional conservatively predicted deleterious variants that would not have been evident using genotyping. CONCLUSION Implementation of preemptive rather than reactive and sequence-based rather than genotype-based PGx prescribing revealed nearly universal patient applicability and required integrated institution-wide resources to fully realize individualized drug therapy and to show more efficient use of health care resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liewei Wang
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Steven E. Scherer
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Suzette J. Bielinski
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Donna M. Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Leila A. Jones
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - John Logan Black
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ann M. Moyer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jyothsna Giri
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | | | - Wayne T. Nicholson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mathieu Wiepert
- Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Terri Sullard
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Timothy B. Curry
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - Jennifer L. Sauver
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Pedro J. Caraballo
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Konstantinos N. Lazaridis
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Eric Venner
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Xiang Qin
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Jianhong Hu
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Christie L. Kovar
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Viktoriya Korchina
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Kimberly Walker
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Tsung-Jung Wu
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Ritika Raj
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Shawn Denson
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Wen Liu
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Gauthami Chandanavelli
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Lan Zhang
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Qiaoyan Wang
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Divya Kalra
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Mary Beth Karow
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Hugues Sicotte
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sandra E. Peterson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Amy E. Barthel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Brenda E. Moore
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Michelle L. Kluge
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Katrina E. Kotzer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Karen Kloke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Heather Marker
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Joseph A. Sutton
- Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - Dennis M. Bierle
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | - Audrey Umbreit
- Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, MN
| | - Leah Ward
- Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Sheena Crosby
- Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | | | - Sharon Levey
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Michelle Elliott
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Steve G. Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Naveen Pereira
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mark Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Fadi Shamoun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Matthew P. Goetz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Robert Wermers
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Scott R. Thomas
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Imad Absah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Stephanie R. Fink
- Division of Community Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Andrea Gossard
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - Paul Takahashi
- Division of Community Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Susan Buckles
- Department of Public Affairs, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | | | - Melody L. Powers
- Biospecimens Accessioning and Processing Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ahmed K. Ragab
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Anthony Stai
- Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jaymi Wilson
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Joel E. Pacyna
- Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Janet E. Olson
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Erica J. Sutton
- Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Annika T. Beck
- Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Caroline Horrow
- Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Krishna R. Kalari
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Nicholas B. Larson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Hongfang Liu
- Division of Digital Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Liwei Wang
- Division of Digital Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Guilherme S. Lopes
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Bijan J. Borah
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Robert R. Freimuth
- Division of Digital Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ye Zhu
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Debra J. Jacobson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Matthew A. Hathcock
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sebastian M. Armasu
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Michaela E. McGree
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ruoxiang Jiang
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,Human Genome Sequencing Center Clinical Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Richard A. Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,Corresponding Authors (), ()
| | - Richard M. Weinshilboum
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,Corresponding Authors (), ()
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3
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Ebert G, Lopaticki S, O'Neill MT, Steel RWJ, Doerflinger M, Rajasekaran P, Yang ASP, Erickson S, Ioannidis L, Arandjelovic P, Mackiewicz L, Allison C, Silke J, Pellegrini M, Boddey JA. Targeting the Extrinsic Pathway of Hepatocyte Apoptosis Promotes Clearance of Plasmodium Liver Infection. Cell Rep 2021; 30:4343-4354.e4. [PMID: 32234472 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium sporozoites infect the liver and develop into exoerythrocytic merozoites that initiate blood-stage disease. The hepatocyte molecular pathways that permit or abrogate parasite replication and merozoite formation have not been thoroughly explored, and a deeper understanding may identify therapeutic strategies to mitigate malaria. Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis (cIAP) proteins regulate cell survival and are co-opted by intracellular pathogens to support development. Here, we show that cIAP1 levels are upregulated during Plasmodium liver infection and that genetic or pharmacological targeting of cIAPs using clinical-stage antagonists preferentially kills infected hepatocytes and promotes immunity. Using gene-targeted mice, the mechanism was defined as TNF-TNFR1-mediated apoptosis via caspases 3 and 8 to clear parasites. This study reveals the importance of cIAPs to Plasmodium infection and demonstrates that host-directed antimalarial drugs can eliminate liver parasites and induce immunity while likely providing a high barrier to resistance in the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Ebert
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sash Lopaticki
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew T O'Neill
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan W J Steel
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Marcel Doerflinger
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Pravin Rajasekaran
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Annie S P Yang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sara Erickson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa Ioannidis
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Philip Arandjelovic
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Liana Mackiewicz
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cody Allison
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - John Silke
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Marc Pellegrini
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Justin A Boddey
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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4
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Standish I, Leis E, Erickson S, Katona R, Baumgartner W, Hanson K, Ibrahim I, Goldberg T. Nephroblastoma in a Common Mudpuppy Necturus maculosus simultaneously Present with a Mollicute Bacterium of the Genus Acholeplasma. J Aquat Anim Health 2021; 33:44-52. [PMID: 33825240 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In March 2017, a wild-caught female common mudpuppy Necturus maculosus from Iowa, USA, with an enlarged posterior abdomen was submitted for diagnostic assessment. The cause of the abdominal distension was a large fluid-filled abdominal mass, diagnosed as a nephroblastoma. Parasites and numerous bacteria were isolated and identified from the mudpuppy but were determined to be incidental. Samples of the neoplasm inoculated onto an American toad Anaxyrus americanus cell line (BufoTad) yielded cytopathic effect during several passages. However, standard molecular testing of the cell culture supernatant failed to identify any viruses. Next-generation sequencing identified the replicating agent as a bacterium of the genus Acholeplasma. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of Acholeplasma within the nephroblastoma, including within tumor cells. This is the first report of nephroblastoma and the second report of neoplasia in this species. The results also suggest that certain bacteria of the genus Acholeplasma might be oncogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Standish
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Eric Leis
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Sara Erickson
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Ryan Katona
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Wes Baumgartner
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61802, USA
| | - Kevin Hanson
- Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Guttenberg Fish Hatchery, Guttenberg, Iowa, 52052, USA
| | - Iman Ibrahim
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Tony Goldberg
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
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5
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Houghton P, Kurmasheva R, Erickson S, Smith M, Lock R, Evans K, Toscan C. Prospective validation of single mouse testing (SMT) by the pediatric preclinical testing consortium (PPTC). Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)31111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Erickson
- Innovation and Commercial Development Tate&Lyle, Hoffman Estates IL USA
| | - J. Carr
- Innovation and Commercial Development Tate&Lyle, Hoffman Estates IL USA
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7
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Standish I, Leis E, Erickson S, McCann R, Puzach C, Katona R, Lark E, Bailey J, Kleman E, Buening J, Edwards C, Loch T, Phillips K. Vagococcus salmoninarum II-qPCR, tropism and egg-associated transmission. J Fish Dis 2020; 43:317-325. [PMID: 32030787 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vagococcus salmoninarum was identified as the causative agent of a chronic epizootic in broodstock "coaster" brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) at the Iron River National Fish Hatchery. The epizootic spanned more than a year, was unresponsive to multiple florfenicol treatments, and resulted in >50% mortality of the affected fish. The decision was made to cull the remaining fish during spawning, which presented an opportunity to more thoroughly examine V. salmoninarum sampling methods, organ tropism and vertical transmission. A newly developed qPCR targeting the pheS gene was used in concert with bacterial culture to show that V. salmoninarum indeed disproportionately affects females and has a tropism for female reproductive tissues. The study demonstrates that some female reproductive tissues (e.g. ovarian fluid, unfertilized eggs) are also an effective option for non-lethal detection. Despite the widespread presence of V. salmoninarum in ovarian fluid and on egg surfaces, we found no evidence of intra-ova transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Standish
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Eric Leis
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Sara Erickson
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Rebekah McCann
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Corey Puzach
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Ryan Katona
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Ellen Lark
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Jennifer Bailey
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Eric Kleman
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Jorge Buening
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Iron River National Fish Hatchery, Iron River, WI, USA
| | - Carey Edwards
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Iron River National Fish Hatchery, Iron River, WI, USA
| | - Thomas Loch
- College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kenneth Phillips
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
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8
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Standish I, Erickson S, Leis E, Baumgartner W, Loch T, Knupp C, McCann R, Puzach C, Katona R, Lark E, Bailey J, Buening J, Edwards C, Phillips K. Vagococcus salmoninarum I-A chronic coldwater streptococcosis in broodstock brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Wisconsin, USA. J Fish Dis 2020; 43:305-316. [PMID: 32030789 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In 2018, Vagococcus salmoninarum was isolated from two lots of broodstock "coaster" brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) containing ~1,500 fish at the Iron River National Fish Hatchery, at which time it was identified as the causative agent of a chronic coldwater streptococcosis epizootic. Clinical signs included exophthalmia, lethargy, erratic swimming and loss of equilibrium. Female fish experienced disproportionately higher morbidity and mortality than male co-inhabitants, and routinely retained eggs following spawning. The most consistent gross clinical sign was heart pallor and turbid pericardial effusion. An attempted treatment using florfenicol was ineffective at halting the epizootic, which spanned more than a year and resulted in >50% mortality before remaining fish were culled. As there is no previous documentation of V. salmoninarum at this hatchery or in this species, it is still unclear what circumstances led to this epizootic. The inability to treat this chronic disease led to the loss of valuable broodstock, hampering ongoing fishery conservation efforts in the Great Lakes Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Standish
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sara Erickson
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Eric Leis
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Wes Baumgartner
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Pathobiology and Population Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Thomas Loch
- College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher Knupp
- College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Rebekah McCann
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Corey Puzach
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ryan Katona
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ellen Lark
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jennifer Bailey
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jorge Buening
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Iron River National Fish Hatchery, Iron River, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Carey Edwards
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Iron River National Fish Hatchery, Iron River, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kenneth Phillips
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
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9
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Leis E, Erickson S, McCann R, Standish I, Katona R, Brecka B, Baumgartner W. Bluegill Picornavirus isolated from a mortality event involving Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) in the upper Mississippi River. J Fish Dis 2019; 42:1233-1240. [PMID: 31210360 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A mortality event involving an estimated 1,000 adult bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus) was observed in an ice-covered backwater lake of the upper Mississippi River near Alma, Wisconsin, in December of 2017. Macroscopic signs of disease included abdominal distension due to fluid accumulation within the internal organs as well as external and internal haemorrhaging. Histological evaluation revealed chronic peritonitis with peritoneal adhesions in all fish examined. Kidney, spleen and ascites fluid samples were collected from diseased bluegills and examined for the presence of pathogens. Bluegill picornavirus (BGPV) was isolated using tissue cell culture methods utilizing a recently developed, uncharacterized bluegill fry cell line (BF-4), and the presence of this virus was confirmed through molecular identification. The current geographic range, known susceptible hosts as well as historical epizootics associated with BPGV is discussed. The ability of BGPV to cause significant mortality in wild fish further emphasizes the importance of monitoring both wild and hatchery populations for this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Leis
- La Crosse Fish Health Center - Midwest Fisheries Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sara Erickson
- La Crosse Fish Health Center - Midwest Fisheries Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rebekah McCann
- La Crosse Fish Health Center - Midwest Fisheries Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Isaac Standish
- La Crosse Fish Health Center - Midwest Fisheries Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ryan Katona
- La Crosse Fish Health Center - Midwest Fisheries Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Brian Brecka
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Alma, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Wes Baumgartner
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
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10
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Tang J, Solis D, Siprashvili Z, Whitehead N, Schu M, Fang F, Erickson S, Ritchey M, Colao M, Tyrpien M, Rouhandeh C, Spratt K, Ahn M. 271 From clinical to genotypic modeling: Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa (RDEB). J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Standish I, Erickson S, Kleman E, McCann R, Katona R, Leis E. Yersinia ruckeri Isolated from Common Mudpuppy Necturus maculosus. J Aquat Anim Health 2019; 31:71-74. [PMID: 30548975 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During a routine health inspection of apparently healthy wild-caught common mudpuppies Necturus maculosus, the bacteria Yersinia ruckeri was isolated and the identity confirmed using biochemical and molecular methods. This represents the first isolation of Y. ruckeri from an amphibian. This finding increases the known host range capable of harboring this important fish pathogen and could have serious management implications for aquaculture. Furthermore, addressing wild amphibians in fish hatchery biosecurity plans is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Standish
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Sara Erickson
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Eric Kleman
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Rebekah McCann
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Ryan Katona
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Eric Leis
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
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12
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Erickson S. Book Review: Pediatric Critical Care Review. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0603400528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Erickson S. Book Review: The ICU Book. Third Edition. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0703500626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Standish I, Leis E, Schmitz N, Credico J, Erickson S, Bailey J, Kerby J, Phillips K, Lewis T. Optimizing, validating, and field testing a multiplex qPCR for the detection of amphibian pathogens. Dis Aquat Organ 2018; 129:1-13. [PMID: 29916388 DOI: 10.3354/dao03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Amphibian populations worldwide are facing numerous threats, including the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. In the past 2 decades, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), a parasitic fungus, and a group of viruses comprising the genus Ranavirus have become widespread and resulted in mass mortality events and extirpations worldwide. In 2013, another novel fungus, B. salamandrivorans (Bsal), was attributed to dramatic declines in populations of fire salamander Salamandra salamandra in the Netherlands. Experimental infections demonstrated that Bsal is highly pathogenic to numerous salamander genera. In an effort to prevent the introduction of Bsal to North America, the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) listed 201 salamander species as injurious wildlife under the Lacey Act. To determine infection status and accurately assess amphibian health, the development of a sensitive and specific diagnostic assay was needed. We describe the optimization and validation of a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) protocol for the simultaneous detection of Bd, Bsal, and frog virus 3-like ranaviruses. A synthetic genome template (gBlock®) containing the target genes from all 3 pathogens served as the positive control and allowed accurate quantification of pathogen genes. The assay was validated in the field using an established non-lethal swabbing technique to survey local amphibian populations throughout a range of habitats. This multiplex qPCR demonstrates high reproducibility, sensitivity, and was capable of detecting both Bd and ranavirus in numerous locations, species, and life stages. Bsal was not detected at any point during these sampling efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Standish
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI 54650, USA
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15
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Hertz DL, Krumbach E, Nobles B, Erickson S, Farris KB. Abstract P4-11-06: The role of patient perceptions in under reporting chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p4-11-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Although paclitaxel remains one of the most efficacious and commonly used agents in the treatment of breast cancer, it can cause a number of side effects. Decisions to delay, decrease, or discontinue treatment are made based on the severity of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), which is not objectively measured but relies on patient's accurately reporting symptoms to their clinical team. There is some concern that patients do not accurately or completely report CIPN symptoms during treatment. A previous study reported that 3 of 24 patients (12.5%) considered or could understand another patient's decision to under-report CIPN symptoms to avoid treatment disruption. The objective of this follow-up study was to determine whether under-reporting occurred and to understand patient perspectives on topics previously found relevant to a patient's decision to under-report CIPN.
Methods: Ten patients with early stage breast cancer who received adjuvant paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 for up to 12 weeks, who had no prior neuropathy or neurotoxic chemotherapy participated in a recorded, semi-structured, phone-based interview that followed an interview guide designed to cover topics relevant to patient under-reporting
Themes identified in patient perceptions of objectives found relevant to under reportingObjectiveResultPatient Understanding1. Patients had consistent descriptions of their expectations for CIPN prior to treatment. 2. Understanding of the long-term potential of CIPN varied among patients.Patient Education1. Patients used a variety of sources to find information about CIPN, with the most commonly used sources being medical staff and patient handouts.Patient Input1. Patients agree on the importance of reporting side effects, but not to what extent. 2. Patients felt included in the treatment decision-making process, but some felt the doctor ultimately made the decision. 3. Providers may plan an important role in the extent to which patients report their symptoms.Treatment Cycles1. Patients recognized that they may not complete all 12 cycles, but were determined to do so.Perception Changes1. Before treatment, patients are much more focused on efficacy and were not particularly concerned with side effects. 2. During treatment, patients reflected on their desire to complete treatment and the tolerability of the side effects they were experiencing. 3. After treatment, patients felt they should have asked more questions before starting treatment.
. The interviews were then transcribed and qualitatively analyzed using NVivo software to identify common themes.
Results: No patients in this study admitted to under-reporting neuropathy. Themes that emerged from the interviews are presented in Table 1.
Conclusion: Insight as to how patients perceive various aspects of paclitaxel treatment revealed that comfort level with providers, inclusion in the decision-making process, and encouragement to fully disclose all symptoms played an important role when patients considered whether to report adverse effects. Future research may focus on whether a lack of health literacy and/or health care related work experience predisposes to CIPN under-reporting.
Citation Format: Hertz DL, Krumbach E, Nobles B, Erickson S, Farris KB. The role of patient perceptions in under reporting chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-11-06.
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Affiliation(s)
- DL Hertz
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - E Krumbach
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - B Nobles
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - S Erickson
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - KB Farris
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI
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16
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Tan TR, Wan Y, Erickson S, Bierhorst P, Kienzler D, Glancy S, Knill E, Leibfried D, Wineland DJ. Chained Bell Inequality Experiment with High-Efficiency Measurements. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:130403. [PMID: 28409945 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.130403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report correlation measurements on two ^{9}Be^{+} ions that violate a chained Bell inequality obeyed by any local-realistic theory. The correlations can be modeled as derived from a mixture of a local-realistic probabilistic distribution and a distribution that violates the inequality. A statistical framework is formulated to quantify the local-realistic fraction allowable in the observed distribution without the fair-sampling or independent-and-identical-distributions assumptions. We exclude models of our experiment whose local-realistic fraction is above 0.327 at the 95% confidence level. This bound is significantly lower than 0.586, the minimum fraction derived from a perfect Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality experiment. Furthermore, our data provide a device-independent certification of the deterministically created Bell states.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Tan
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Y Wan
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - S Erickson
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - P Bierhorst
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - D Kienzler
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - S Glancy
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - E Knill
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D Leibfried
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - D J Wineland
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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17
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Patel I, Erickson S, Bagozzi RP, Chang J, Caldwell C, Woolford S, Balkrishnan R. Racial Disparities in Type 2 Diabetes Health Care Utilization in Medicaid Adults With Developmental Disabilities. Value Health 2014; 17:A356-A357. [PMID: 27200712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Patel
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S Erickson
- The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - J Chang
- Samford University, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - C Caldwell
- University of Michigan, ANN ARBOR, MI, USA
| | - S Woolford
- University of Michigan, ANN ARBOR, MI, USA
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18
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Iaconi A, Farris K, Bagozzi R, Erickson S, Piette J, Dorsch M. Factors Influencing Statin Medication Adherence: Regulatory Focus and Fit. Res Social Adm Pharm 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2014.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Calverley M, Erickson S, Read AJ, Harmsen AG. Resident alveolar macrophages are susceptible to and permissive of Coxiella burnetii infection. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51941. [PMID: 23284825 PMCID: PMC3526480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever, is a zoonotic disease with potentially life-threatening complications in humans. Inhalation of low doses of Coxiella bacteria can result in infection of the host alveolar macrophage (AM). However, it is not known whether a subset of AMs within the heterogeneous population of macrophages in the infected lung is particularly susceptible to infection. We have found that lower doses of both phase I and phase II Nine Mile C. burnetii multiply and are less readily cleared from the lungs of mice compared to higher infectious doses. We have additionally identified AM resident within the lung prior to and shortly following infection, opposed to newly recruited monocytes entering the lung during infection, as being most susceptible to infection. These resident cells remain infected up to twelve days after the onset of infection, serving as a permissive niche for the maintenance of bacterial infection. A subset of infected resident AMs undergo a distinguishing phenotypic change during the progression of infection exhibiting an increase in surface integrin CD11b expression and continued expression of the surface integrin CD11c. The low rate of phase I and II Nine Mile C. burnetii growth in murine lungs may be a direct result of the limited size of the susceptible resident AM cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Calverley
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Sara Erickson
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Amanda J. Read
- Office of the Senior Associate Vice President for Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Allen G. Harmsen
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AGH)
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20
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Fayolle G, Levick W, Lajiness-O'Neill R, Fastenau P, Briskin S, Bass N, Silva M, Critchfield E, Nakase-Richardson R, Hertza J, Loughan A, Perna R, Northington S, Boyd S, Anderson A, Peery S, Chafetz M, Maris M, Ramezani A, Sylvester C, Goldberg K, Constantinou M, Karekla M, Hall J, Edwards M, Balldin V, Strutt A, Pavlik V, Marquez de la Plata C, Cullum M, lacritz L, Reisch J, Massman P, Royall D, Barber R, Younes S, Wiechmann A, O'Bryant S, Patel K, Suhr J, Patel K, Suhr J, Chari S, Yokoyama J, Bettcher B, Karydas A, Miller B, Kramer J, Zec R, Fritz S, Kohlrus S, Robbs R, Ala T, Gifford K, Cantwell N, Romano R, Jefferson A, Holland A, Newton S, Bunting J, Coe M, Carmona J, Harrison D, Puente A, Terry D, Faraco C, Brown C, Patel A, Watts A, Kent A, Siegel J, Miller S, Ernst W, Chelune G, Holdnack J, Sheehan J, Duff K, Pedraza O, Crawford J, Terry D, Puente A, Brown C, Faraco C, Watts A, Patel A, Kent A, Siegel J, Miller L, Younes S, Hobson Balldin V, Benavides H, Johnson L, Hall J, Tshuma L, O'Bryant S, Dezhkam N, Hayes L, Love C, Stephens B, Webbe F, Allen C, Lemann E, Davis A, Pierson E, Lutz J, Piehl J, Holler K, Kavanaugh B, Tayim F, Llanes S, Mulligan K, Poston K, Riccio C, Beathard J, Cohen M, Stolberg P, Hart J, Jones W, Mayfield J, Allen D, Weller J, Dunham K, Demireva P, McInerney K, Suhr J, Dykstra J, Riddle T, Suhr J, Primus M, Riccio C, Highsmith J, Everhart D, Shadi S, Lehockey K, Sullivan S, Lucas M, Mandava S, Murphy B, Donovick P, Lalwani L, Rosselli M, Coad S, Carrasco R, Sofko C, Scarisbrick D, Golden C, Coad S, Zuckerman S, Golden C, Perna R, Loughan A, Hertza J, Brand J, Rivera Mindt M, Denney R, Schaffer S, Alper K, Devinsky O, Barr W, Langer K, Fraiman J, Scagliola J, Roman E, Martinez A, Cohen M, Dunham K, Riccio C, Martin P, Robbins J, Golden C, Axelrod B, Etherton J, Konopacki K, Moses J, Juliano A, Whiteside D, Rolin S, Widmann G, Franzwa M, Sokal B, Mark V, Doyle K, Morgan E, Weber E, Bondi M, Delano-Wood L, Grant I, Sibson J, Woods S, Andrews P, McGregor S, Golden C, Etherton J, Allen C, Cormier R, Cumley N, Elek M, Green M, Ogbeide S, Kruger A, Pacheco L, Robinson G, Welch H, Etherton J, Allen C, Cormier R, Cumley N, Kruger A, Pacheco L, Glover M, Parriott D, Jones W, Loe S, Hughes L, Natta L, Moses J, Vincent A, Roebuck-Spencer T, Bryan C, Padua M, Denney R, Moses J, Quenicka W, McGoldirck K, Bennett T, Soper H, Collier S, Connolly M, Hanratty A, Di Pinto M, Magnuson S, Dunham K, Handel E, Davidson K, Livers E, Frantz S, Allen J, Jerard T, Moses J, Pierce S, Sakhai S, Newton S, Warchol A, Holland A, Bunting J, Coe M, Carmona J, Harrison D, Barney S, Thaler N, Sutton G, Strauss G, Allen D, Hunter B, Bennett T, Quenicka W, McGoldrick K, Soper H, Sordahl J, Torrence N, John S, Gavett B, O'Bryant S, Shadi S, Denney R, Nichols C, Riccio C, Cohen M, Dennison A, Wasserman T, Schleicher-Dilks S, Adler M, Golden C, Olivier T, Schleicher-Dilks S, Golden C, LeMonda B, McGinley J, Pritchett A, Chang L, Cloak C, Cunningham E, Lohaugen G, Skranes J, Ernst T, Parke E, Thaler N, Etcoff L, Allen D, Andrews P, McGregor S, Golden C, Northington S, Daniels R, Loughan A, Perna R, Hertza J, Hochsztein N, Miles-Mason E, Granader Y, Vasserman M, MacAllister W, Casto B, Peery S, Patrick K, Hurewitz F, Chute D, Booth A, Koch C, Roid G, Balkema N, Kiefel J, Bell L, Maerlender A, Belkin T, Katzenstein J, Semerjian C, Culotta V, Band E, Yosick R, Burns T, Arenivas A, Bearden D, Olson K, Jacobson K, Ubogy S, Sterling C, Taub E, Griffin A, Rickards T, Uswatte G, Davis D, Sweeney K, Llorente A, Boettcher A, Hill B, Ploetz D, Kline J, Rohling M, O'Jile J, Holler K, Petrauskas V, Long J, Casey J, Long J, Petrauskas V, Duda T, Hodsman S, Casey J, Stricker S, Martner S, Hansen R, Ferraro F, Tangen R, Hanratty A, Tanabe M, O'Callaghan E, Houskamp B, McDonald L, Pick L, Guardino D, Pick L, Pietz T, Kayser K, Gray R, Letteri A, Crisologo A, Witkin G, Sanders J, Mrazik M, Harley A, Phoong M, Melville T, La D, Gomez R, Berthelson L, Robbins J, Lane E, Golden C, Rahman P, Konopka L, Fasfous A, Zink D, Peralta-Ramirez N, Perez-Garcia M, Puente A, Su S, Lin G, Kiely T, Gomez R, Schatzberg A, Keller J, Dykstra J, Suhr J, Feigon M, Renteria L, Fong M, Piper L, Lee E, Vordenberg J, Contardo C, Magnuson S, Doninger N, Luton L, Balkema N, Drane D, Phelan A, Stricker W, Poreh A, Wolkenberg F, Spira J, Lin G, Su S, Kiely T, Gomez R, Schatzberg A, Keller J, DeRight J, Jorgensen R, Fitzpatrick L, Crowe S, Woods S, Doyle K, Weber E, Cameron M, Cattie J, Cushman C, Grant I, Blackstone K, Woods S, Weber E, Grant I, Moore D, Roberg B, Somogie M, Thelen J, Lovelace C, Bruce J, Gerstenecker A, Mast B, Litvan I, Hargrave D, Schroeder R, Buddin W, Baade L, Heinrichs R, Thelen J, Roberg B, Somogie M, Lovelace C, Bruce J, Boseck J, Berry K, Koehn E, Davis A, Meyer B, Gelder B, Sussman Z, Espe-Pfeifer P, Musso M, Barker A, Jones G, Gouvier W, Weber E, Woods S, Grant I, Johnson V, Zaytsev L, Freier-Randall M, Sutton G, Thaler N, Ringdahl E, Allen D, Olsen J, Byrd D, Rivera-Mindt M, Fellows R, Morgello S, Wheaton V, Jaehnert S, Ellis C, Olavarria H, Loftis J, Huckans M, Pimental P, Frawley J, Welch M, Jennette K, Rinehardt E, Schoenberg M, Strober L, Genova H, Wylie G, DeLuca J, Chiaravalloti N, Hertza J, Loughan A, Perna R, Northington S, Boyd S, Hertza J, Loughan A, Perna R, Northington S, Boyd S, Ibrahim E, Seiam A, Ibrahim E, Bohlega S, Rinehardt E, Lloyd H, Goldberg M, Marceaux J, Fallows R, McCoy K, Yehyawi N, Luther E, Hilsabeck R, Fulton R, Stevens P, Erickson S, Dodzik P, Williams R, Dsurney J, Najafizadeh L, McGovern J, Chowdhry F, Acevedo A, Bakhtiar A, Karamzadeh N, Amyot F, Gandjbakhche A, Haddad M, Taub E, Johnson M, Wade J, Harper L, Rickards T, Sterling C, Barghi A, Uswatte G, Mark V, Balkema N, Christopher G, Marcus D, Spady M, Bloom J, Wiechmann A, Hall J, Loughan A, Perna R, Hertza J, Northington S, Zimmer A, Webbe F, Miller M, Schuster D, Ebner H, Mortimer B, Webbe F, Palmer G, Happe M, Paxson J, Jurek B, Graca J, Meyers J, Lange R, Brickell T, French L, Lange R, Iverson G, Shewchuk J, Madler B, Heran M, Brubacher J, Brickell T, Lange R, Ivins B, French L, Baldassarre M, Paper T, Herrold A, Chin A, Zgaljardic D, Oden K, Lambert M, Dickson S, Miller R, Plenger P, Jacobson K, Olson K, Sutherland E, Glatts C, Schatz P, Walker K, Philip N, McClaughlin S, Mooney S, Seats E, Carnell V, Raintree J, Brown D, Hodges C, Amerson E, Kennedy C, Moore J, Schatz P, Ferris C, Roebuck-Spencer T, Vincent A, Bryan C, Catalano D, Warren A, Monden K, Driver S, Chau P, Seegmiller R, Baker M, Malach S, Mintz J, Villarreal R, Peterson A, Leininger S, Strong C, Donders J, Merritt V, Vargas G, Rabinowitz A, Arnett P, Whipple E, Schultheis M, Robinson K, Iacovone D, Biester R, Alfano D, Nicholls M, Vargas G, Rabinowitz A, Arnett P, Rabinowitz A, Vargas G, Arnett P, Klas P, Jeffay E, Zakzanis K, Vandermeer M, Jeffay E, Zakzanis K, Womble M, Rohling M, Hill B, Corley E, Considine C, Fichtenberg N, Harrison J, Pollock M, Mouanoutoua A, Brimager A, Lebby P, Sullivan K, Edmed S, Silva M, Nakase-Richardson R, Critchfield E, Kieffer K, McCarthy M, Wiegand L, Lindsey H, Hernandez M, Puente A, Noniyeva Y, Lapis Y, Padua M, Poole J, Brooks B, McKay C, Mrazik M, Meeuwisse W, Emery C, Brooks B, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Sherman E, Brooks B, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Kirkwood M, Sherman E, Gunner J, Miele A, Silk-Eglit G, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Stewart J, Tsou J, Scarisbrick D, Chan R, Bure-Reyes A, Cortes L, Gindy S, Golden C, Hunter B, Biddle C, Shah D, Jaberg P, Moss R, Horner M, VanKirk K, Dismuke C, Turner T, Muzzy W, Dunnam M, Miele A, Warner G, Donnelly K, Donnelly J, Kittleson J, Bradshaw C, Alt M, Margolis S, Ostroy E, Rolin S, Higgins K, Denney R, Rolin S, Eng K, Biddle C, Akeson S, Wall J, Davis J, Hansel J, Hill B, Rohling M, Wang B, Womble M, Gervais R, Greiffenstein M, Denning J, Denning J, Schroeder R, Buddin W, Hargrave D, VonDran E, Campbell E, Brockman C, Heinrichs R, Baade L, Buddin W, Hargrave D, Schroeder R, Teichner G, Waid R, Buddin W, Schroeder R, Teichner G, Waid R, Buican B, Armistead-Jehle P, Bailie J, Dilay A, Cottingham M, Boyd C, Asmussen S, Neff J, Schalk S, Jensen L, DenBoer J, Hall S, DenBoer J, Schalk S, Jensen L, Hall S, Miele A, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Holcomb E, Axelrod B, Demakis G, Rimland C, Ward J, Ross M, Bailey M, Stubblefield A, Smigielski J, Geske J, Karpyak V, Reese C, Larrabee G, Suhr J, Silk-Eglit G, Gunner J, Miele A, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Allen L, Celinski M, Gilman J, Davis J, Wall J, LaDuke C, DeMatteo D, Heilbrun K, Swirsky-Sacchetti T, Lindsey H, Puente A, Dedman A, Withers K, Chafetz M, Deneen T, Denney R, Fisher J, Spray B, Savage R, Wiener H, Tyer J, Ningaonkar V, Devlin B, Go R, Sharma V, Tsou J, Golden C, Fontanetta R, Calderon C, Coad S, Golden C, Calderon C, Fontaneta R, Coad S, Golden C, Ringdahl E, Thaler N, Sutton G, Vertinski M, Allen D, Verbiest R, Thaler N, Snyder J, Kinney J, Allen D, Rach A, Young J, Crouse E, Schretlen D, Weaver J, Buchholz A, Gordon B, Macciocchi S, Seel R, Godsall R, Brotsky J, DiRocco A, Houghton-Faryna E, Bolinger E, Hollenbeck C, Hart J, Thaler N, Vertinski M, Ringdahl E, Allen D, Lee B, Strauss G, Adams J, Martins D, Catalano L, Waltz J, Gold J, Haas G, Brown L, Luther J, Goldstein G, Kiely T, Kelley E, Lin G, Su S, Raba C, Gomez R, Trettin L, Solvason H, Schatzberg A, Keller J, Vertinski M, Thaler N, Allen D, Gold J, Buchanan R, Strauss G, Baldock D, Ringdahl E, Sutton G, Thaler N, Allen D, Fallows R, Marceaux J, McCoy K, Yehyawi N, Luther E, Hilsabeck R, Etherton J, Phelps T, Richmond S, Tapscott B, Thomlinson S, Cordeiro L, Wilkening G, Parikh M, Graham L, Grosch M, Hynan L, Weiner M, Cullum C, Hobson Balldin V, Menon C, Younes S, Hall J, Strutt A, Pavlik V, Marquez de la Plata C, Cullum M, Lacritz L, Reisch J, Massman P, Royall D, Barber R, O'Bryant S, Castro-Couch M, Irani F, Houshyarnejad A, Norman M, Peery S, Fonseca F, Bure-Reyes A, Browne B, Alvarez J, Jiminez Y, Baez V, Cortes L, Golden C, Fonseca F, Bure-Reyes A, Coad S, Alvarez J, Browne B, Baez V, Golden C, Resendiz C, Scott B, Farias G, York M, Lozano V, Mahoney M, Strutt A, Hernandez Mejia M, Puente A, Bure-Reyes A, Fonseca F, Baez V, Alvarez J, Browne B, Coad S, Jiminez Y, Cortes L, Golden C, Bure-Reyes A, Pacheco E, Homs A, Acevedo A, Ownby R, Nici J, Hom J, Lutz J, Dean R, Finch H, Pierce S, Moses J, Mann S, Feinberg J, Choi A, Kaminetskaya M, Pierce C, Zacharewicz M, Axelrod B, Gavett B, Horwitz J, Edwards M, O'Bryant S, Ory J, Gouvier W, Carbuccia K, Ory J, Carbuccia K, Gouvier W, Morra L, Garcon S, Lucas M, Donovick P, Whearty K, Campbell K, Camlic S, Donovick P, Edwards M, Balldin V, Hall J, Strutt A, Pavlik V, Marquez de la Plata C, Cullum C, Lacritz L, Reisch J, Massman P, Barber R, Royall D, Younes S, O'Bryant S, Brinckman D, Schultheis M, Ehrhart L, Weisser V, Medaglia J, Merzagora A, Reckess G, Ho T, Testa S, Gordon B, Schretlen D, Woolery H, Farcello C, Klimas N, Thaler N, Allen D, Meyer J, Vargas G, Rabinowitz A, Barwick F, Arnett P, Womble M, Rohling M, Hill B, Corley E, Drayer K, Rohling M, Ploetz D, Womble M, Hill B, Baldock D, Ringdahl E, Sutton G, Thaler N, Allen D, Galusha J, Schmitt A, Livingston R, Stewart R, Quarles L, Pagitt M, Barke C, Baker A, Baker N, Cook N, Ahern D, Correia S, Resnik L, Barnabe K, Gnepp D, Benjamin M, Zlatar Z, Garcia A, Harnish S, Crosson B, Rickards T, Mark V, Taub E, Sterling C, Vaughan L, Uswatte G, Fedio A, Sexton J, Cummings S, Logemann A, Lassiter N, Fedio P, Gremillion A, Nemeth D, Whittington T, Hansen R, Reckow J, Ferraro F, Lewandowski C, Cole J, Lewandowski A, Spector J, Ford-Johnson L, Lengenfelder J, Genova H, Sumowski J, DeLuca J, Chiaravalloti N, Loughan A, Perna R, Hertza J, Morse C, McKeever J, Zhao L, Leist T, Schultheis M, Marcinak J, Piecora K, Al-Khalil K, Webbe F, Mulligan K, Robbins J, Berthelson L, Martin P, Golden C, Piecora K, Marcinak J, Al-Khalil K, Webbe F, Mulligan K, Stewart J, Acevedo A, Ownby R, Thompson L, Kowalczyk W, Golub S, Davis A, Lemann E, Piehl J, Rita N, Moss L, Davis A, Boseck J, Berry K, Koehn E, Meyer B, Gelder B, Davis A, Nogin R, Moss L, Drapeau C, Malm S, Davis A, Lemann E, Koehn E, Drapeau C, Malm S, Boseck J, Armstrong L, Glidewell R, Orr W, Mears G. Grand Rounds. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acs070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Boots RJ, Lipman J, Lassig-Smith M, Stephens DP, Thomas J, Shehabi Y, Bass F, Anthony A, Long D, Seppelt IM, Weisbrodt L, Erickson S, Beca J, Sherring C, McGuiness S, Parke R, Stachowski ER, Boyd R, Howet B. Experience with high frequency oscillation ventilation during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic in Australia and New Zealand. Anaesth Intensive Care 2011; 39:837-46. [PMID: 21970127 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1103900507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
During the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, large numbers of patients had severe respiratory failure. High frequency oscillation ventilation was used as a salvage technique for profound hypoxaemia. Our aim was to compare this experience with high frequency oscillation ventilation during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic with the same period in 2008 by performing a three-month period prevalence study in Australian and New Zealand intensive care units. The main study end-points were clinical demographics, care delivery and survival. Nine intensive care units contributed data. During 2009 there were 22 H1N1 patients (17 adults, five children) and 10 non-H1N1 patients (five adults, five children), while in 2008, 18 patients (two adults, 16 children) received high frequency oscillation ventilation. The principal non-H1N1 high frequency oscillation ventilation indication was bacterial or viral pneumonia (56%). For H1N1 patients, the median duration of high frequency oscillation ventilation was 3.7 days (interquartile range 1.8 to 5) with concomitant therapies including recruitment manoeuvres (22%), prone ventilation (41%), inhaled prostacyclins (18%) and inhaled nitric oxide (36%). Seven patients received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, six having H1N1. Three patients had extracorporeal membrane oxygenation concurrently, two as salvage therapy following the commencement of high frequency oscillation ventilation. In 2008, no high frequency oscillation ventilation patient received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Overall hospital survival was 77% in H1N1 patients, while survival in patients having adjunctive extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was similar to those receiving high frequency oscillation ventilation alone (65% compared to 71%, P = 1.00). Survival rates were comparable to published extracorporeal membrane oxygenation outcomes. High frequency oscillation ventilation was used successfully as a rescue therapy for severe respiratory failure. High frequency oscillation ventilation was only available in a limited number of intensive care units during the H1N1 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Boots
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland
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Sinha YK, Craig JC, Barclay P, Taitz J, South M, Coulthard K, Pearson C, Erickson S, Brien JE. Drug approval processes in Australian Paediatric Hospitals. Arch Dis Child 2010; 95:739-44. [PMID: 20584852 DOI: 10.1136/adc.2009.177063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe and evaluate the decision-making processes for drug approval in Australian paediatric hospitals. DESIGN Multicentre descriptive study involving face-to-face interviews of drug and therapeutics committee chairs and secretaries, review of committee documents and drug submissions for all Australian paediatric hospital drug and therapeutics committees over a 1-year period. SETTING All eight paediatric hospitals in Australia. PARTICIPANTS Eight committee chairs and seven secretaries or delegates. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Total drug expenditure, number of formulary submissions, individual-patient use approvals and approval rates for each hospital from 1 July 2006 to 30 June 2007, stratified by therapeutic class. Qualitative description of the approval processes. RESULTS Total drug expenditure varied from $A1.7 million (US$1.5 million) to $A11.1 million (US$9.8 million) per hospital. The number of formulary submissions also varied, from 7 to 21, but approval rate was high (76%-100%) and not significantly different among hospitals (p=0.17). Several committees approved identical submissions for five drugs. The number of individual-patient use applications varied considerably, ranging from 10 to 456 per hospital. Where estimable, individual-patient use approval was 76%-100% and variable (p=0.03). Quality of evidence relating to safety and efficacy of drugs being considered was regarded as the most important factors influencing decision making, with the cost less important. Most committees had poor infrastructural support for approval processes. No committee formally included a pharmaco-economic evaluation. CONCLUSIONS Most drug submissions in tertiary paediatric hospitals are approved; however, workload, drug expenditure and individual-patient use schemes vary considerably. Duplication of effort occurs, and few committees are resourced sufficiently given their terms of reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Sinha
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Willemsen P, Olsen M, Erickson S, Yonas A. Improving Driver Ability to Avoid Collisions when Following a Snowplow. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/10.7.812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Hara H, Lesser J, Holmes D, Erickson S, Van Tassel R, Schwartz R. High-resolution in vivo visualization of the left atrial appendage in three dimensions: complex anatomy and dimensions aid percutaneous obliteration strategies using multidetector CTA. Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2007.03.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Erickson S. Book Review: Critical Care Toxicology: Diagnosis and Management of the Critically Poisoned Patient. Anaesth Intensive Care 2006. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0603400127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Erickson
- Department of Intensive Care, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia
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Erickson S, Tolstykh I, Selby JV, Mendoza G, Iribarren C, Eisner MD. The impact of allergy and pulmonary specialist care on emergency asthma utilization in a large managed care organization. Health Serv Res 2005; 40:1443-65. [PMID: 16174142 PMCID: PMC1361198 DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2005.00410.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the longitudinal impact of asthma specialist care on the risk of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalization for asthma. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING A prospective cohort study using both telephone survey and computerized utilization data. STUDY DESIGN We recruited a prospective cohort of 4,742 adult members of a closed panel managed care organization who were hospitalized for asthma (the "baseline hospitalization"). DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS Visits to asthma specialists were ascertained from computerized utilization databases. Specialist visits after baseline hospitalization were defined as time-dependent covariates. An alternative analysis defined specialist visits during the year preceding baseline hospitalization. A subcohort of 596 subjects completed telephone interviews. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Compared with subjects who received no specialist visits after baseline hospitalization, treatment by allergists (hazard ratio (HR) 1.04; 95 percent confidence interval (CI) 0.87-1.26) or pulmonologists (HR 0.92; 95 percent CI 0.71-1.19) was not associated with a reduction in the risk of future ED visits for asthma in the entire cohort, controlling for age, sex, race, recent asthma medication dispensing, and pharmacy benefits status. There was also no association between allergist visits and the risk of subsequent hospitalizations for asthma (HR 0.93; 95 percent CI 0.75-1.14). In contrast, visits to pulmonologists (HR 0.74; 95 percent CI 0.55-0.99) were related to a reduced risk of rehospitalization. CONCLUSIONS Pulmonary specialist visits appeared to reduce the risk of hospitalization for asthma, whereas asthma specialist visits did not reduce the risk of ED visits. In the context of comprehensive prepaid health care, the benefit of specialist care was modest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Erickson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Fransisco, 350 Parnassus Avenue, Ste 609, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA
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Erickson S. Book Review: Radiology for Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. Anaesth Intensive Care 2004. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0403200123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Erickson
- Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia
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Hsue PY, Giri K, Erickson S, MacGregor JS, Younes N, Shergill A, Waters DD. Clinical features of acute coronary syndromes in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Circulation 2004; 109:316-9. [PMID: 14718406 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000114520.38748.aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with HIV infection exhibit increased rates of coronary events; however, the clinical features of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in HIV-infected patients have not been well defined. METHODS AND RESULTS Between 1993 and 2003, 68 HIV-infected patients were hospitalized with ACS. We compared the clinical features and outcome of these patients with those of 68 randomly selected control patients with ACS without HIV. HIV patients were on average more than a decade younger than controls and more likely to be male and current smokers and to have low HDL cholesterol. They were less likely than controls to have diabetes or hyperlipidemia, and their TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) risk scores on admission were significantly lower. At coronary angiography, the number of vessels with >50% stenosis was 1.3+/-1.0 in HIV patients and 1.9+/-1.2 in controls (P=0.007). Restenosis developed in 15 of 29 HIV patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention compared with 3 of 21 controls (52% versus 14%, P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS HIV patients with ACS are younger and more likely to be males and current smokers and to have low HDL cholesterol levels compared with other ACS patients. Their TIMI risk scores are lower, and they are more likely to have single-vessel disease; however, their restenosis rates after percutaneous coronary intervention are unexpectedly high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Y Hsue
- Room 5G1, Division of Cardiology, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110.
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Schwall RH, Hollingshead P, Erickson S, Winer J, Williams M, Dugger D. Herceptin-sensitivity of HER2-transgenic mouse mammary tumors. Breast Cancer Res 2003. [PMCID: PMC3300134 DOI: 10.1186/bcr673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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Erickson S. Book Review: Data Interpretation in Critical Care Medicine. Anaesth Intensive Care 2003. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0303100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Erickson
- Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia
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Abstract
During an immune response naive T helper (Th) cells differentiate into two functionally distinct subsets, Th1 and Th2, based on their cytokine secretion profile and immunomodulatory function. c-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK) regulates Th cell differentiation by activating a transcriptional program required for cytokine production. We have recently identified a TNFR superfamily death domain-containing molecule, death receptor (DR)6, which potently activates JNK. T cells from DR6-deficient mice are substantially impaired in JNK activation. When DR6(-/-) mice were challenged with protein antigen, their T cells hyperproliferate and display a profound polarization toward a Th2 response whereas Th1 differentiation is not equivalently affected. In addition, DR6(-/)- T cells showed preference toward Th2 differentiation in vitro. The phenotype seen in the DR6(-/)- mice is not due to the apoptotic pathway. Therefore, DR6, working through JNK, rather than apoptosis, functions to attenuate the Th2 response. This is the first demonstration of a role in the activation and differentiation of Th cells by DR6 in particular and DRs in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhao
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kocak
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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Yan M, Wang H, Chan B, Roose-Girma M, Erickson S, Baker T, Tumas D, Grewal IS, Dixit VM. Activation and accumulation of B cells in TACI-deficient mice. Nat Immunol 2001; 2:638-43. [PMID: 11429549 DOI: 10.1038/89790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related ligand B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) binds two TNF receptor family members, transmembrane activator and calcium-modulating and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) and B cell maturation molecule (BCMA). Mice that are transgenic for BLyS show B cell accumulation, activation and autoimmune lupus-like nephritis. The existence of at least two distinct BLyS receptors raises the question of the relative contribution of each to B cell functions. We therefore generated mice that were deficient in TACI. TACI-/- mice showed increased B cell accumulation and marked splenomegaly. Isolated TACI-/- B cells hyperproliferated and produced increased amounts of immunoglobulins in vitro. In vivo antigen challenge resulted in enhanced antigen-specific antibody production. Thus, TACI may play an unexpected inhibitory role in B cell activation that helps maintain immunological homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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Abstract
Proximal fourth metatarsal injuries are rarely reported. We present five case histories in which athletic patients sustained injuries at the shaft-base junction of the fourth metatarsal. Similar to proximal fifth metatarsal injuries, adduction of the forefoot appears to be associated. Our patients returned to their activities in two to eight months. These patients injuries tended to take longer to heal than other lesser metatarsal fractures and stress fractures (which are typically more distal). Some patients were continually symptomatic, even after three months of rest and immobilization. This coincides with proximal fifth metatarsal injuries and stress fractures. For treatment of proximal fourth metatarsal injuries to be successful, ideal treatment appears to involve nonweightbearing below-knee cast/boot immobilization for three weeks. This is followed by an additional three or more weeks of weightbearing immobilization. Healing may still be prolonged.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saxena
- Dept. of Sports Medicine, PAMF, Palo Alto, CA 94301, USA.
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Xu D, Erickson S, Szeps M, Gruber A, Sangfelt O, Einhorn S, Pisa P, Grandér D. Interferon alpha down-regulates telomerase reverse transcriptase and telomerase activity in human malignant and nonmalignant hematopoietic cells. Blood 2000; 96:4313-8. [PMID: 11110707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the derepressed expression of the catalytic subunit of telomerase, human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the enzyme that elongates telomeres, has been implicated as an important step in the immortalization process. The exact regulation of hTERT expression, which is the rate-limiting factor for telomerase activity, is at present unclear. As transformed cells seem to be dependent on a constitutive telomerase activity, the availability of inhibitors would potentially be of great value in antineoplastic therapy. Interferons (IFNs) have been successfully used in the treatment of several forms of malignancies, but the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the antitumor activity are poorly defined. In this study we have investigated the effects of IFNs on hTERT expression and telomerase activity. We found that IFN-alpha rapidly (commonly within 4 hours) and significantly down-regulates the expression of hTERT and telomerase activity in a number of human malignant hematopoietic cell lines, primary leukemic cells from patients with acute leukemia as well as T-lymphocytes from healthy donors. This effect of IFN-alpha did not seem to depend on IFN-alpha-mediated cell growth arrest or alterations in c-myc expression. The finding that IFN induces a repression of hTERT and a decrease in telomerase activity suggests a novel mechanism that may play a significant role in the antitumor action of IFN. (Blood. 2000;96:4313-4318)
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Burkitt Lymphoma/pathology
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cycloheximide/pharmacology
- DNA Replication/drug effects
- DNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Depression, Chemical
- Enzyme Induction/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Interferon alpha-2
- Interferon-alpha/pharmacology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/pathology
- Multiple Myeloma/pathology
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- RNA
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Proteins
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/enzymology
- Telomerase/biosynthesis
- Telomerase/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/enzymology
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Affiliation(s)
- D Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Department of Oncology-Pathology, Radiumhemmet Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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36
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Poniatowski B, Cohen G, Tillett M, Carr E, Gunter K, Erickson S, Haley R, Melick C. Evaluation of the gemini infusion pump for the safe delivery of peripheral blood progenitor cells (stem cells). J Clin Apher 2000; 13:23-7. [PMID: 9590494 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1101(1998)13:1<23::aid-jca5>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine whether the Gemini PC-2TX infusion pump could safely deliver peripheral stem cells (PSC) for an autologous PSC transplant. For purposes of hypothesis testing, it was assumed that there would be no significant difference in CD34+ cell counts and colony-forming units-granulocyte, macrophage (CFU-GM) when the PSCs were administered by an IMED PC-2TX infusion pump as opposed to an intravenous push method. The American Red Cross collected 50-ml samples of PSCs from four donors by apheresis. These cells were tested for CD34+ using flow cytometry and for functional progenitor cells using a CFU-GM assay. The cells were cryopreserved after testing. For our study, samples were tested simultaneously at a single facility. Each sample was individually thawed and a baseline thaw sample collected; 10 ml of the donor specimen was pushed through a syringe into a specimen container (intravenous push sample). The remainder of the specimen was infused through the IMED Gemini PC-2TX pump into a specimen container (intravenous pump sample). All samples were assayed for CD34+ cell counts and CFU-GM. Data analyses were conducted using the t-test for paired samples, with values of P < 0.05 considered significant. Results failed to demonstrate a statistically significant difference between the CD34+ or CFU-GM results of the intravenous push and intravenous pump specimens. Additionally, we failed to find a statistically significant difference when we compared the intravenous push and the intravenous pump specimens with the baseline thaw sample. The results of this study support the hypothesis that the Gemini PC-2TX infusion pump can safely deliver PSCs for the purposes of stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Poniatowski
- GBMC Healthcare, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland 21204, USA
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37
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Abstract
Genetic redundancy is a problem in gene targeting studies because functionally relevant sister proteins can compensate for the lack of protein product of a targeted gene. A molecular system is chosen in which it is hoped to demonstrate both the lack and presence of compensation after disruption of particular single genes. Mammals may not be able to compensate for the lack of heregulin, a single ligand for multiple ErbB receptors, however, compensation is expected when a single ErbB receptor is knocked out. To investigate this the heregulin-1, ErbB2, or ErbB3 locus was disrupted in a targeted manner and mice heterozygous for the mutation were analyzed. Heregulin and its receptors were shown to be involved in embryonic brain development and, more recently, in plastic changes associated with adult brain function in rodents. Although they have never been shown to play roles in mammalian behavior, it was decided to characterize the mice behaviorally using a battery of simple tests. Heregulin mutant mice exhibited elevated activity levels in the open field, showed improved rotorod performance, and finished T-maze spontaneous alternation task faster compared to control wild type littermates, findings that suggest a consistent hyperactivity across tests. ErbB2 and ErbB3 mutant mice, whose strain origin was identical to that of heregulin mutants, showed no sign of the behavioral alterations. It is suggested that the abnormalities seen in heregulin mutant mice are due to mutation at that locus and the lack of alterations seen in ErbB2 and ErbB3 mutant mice is the result of compensation by unaltered sister receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gerlai
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech Incorporated, Mail stop # 72, 1 DNA Way, South, San Francisco, CA 94080-4990, USA.
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38
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Abstract
The interferons (IFNs) are a group of cytokines, which in addition to their antiviral activity are capable of modulating a variety of cellular responses. One such prominent effect of IFNs is their potent antimitogenic action, which can be observed both on malignant and non-malignant cells of many different origins. IFNs are also used in the clinic, mainly in malignant and viral diseases, and their cell growth -inhibitory effect has been suggested to be of major importance in their antitumour and antiviral action. The aim of the present review is to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms by which IFNs modulate cell cycle progression in various cell types. With the recent progress in our understanding of how the cell cycle is regulated at the molecular level, it has become possible to delineate intracellular effectors of IFN in this respect. Understanding the antiproliferative effects of IFN may not only help in understanding its antineoplastic and antiviral activities, but may also provide an insight into cell cycle regulation in general and aid in making IFNs a more useful tool in treating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Sangfelt
- Research laboratory of Radiumhemmet, Cancercenter Karolinska, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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39
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Abstract
The genes RCK1 and RCK2 of budding yeast were initially identified as suppressors of checkpoint mutations in fission yeast. Here, we show that homozygous diploid rck1/rck1 mutants in standard sporulation medium enter meiosis in about half the time required by wild-type cells. A similar, but weaker, effect is seen in rck2/rck2 mutants, whereas double homozygous rck1/rck1 rck2/rck2 mutants display a phenotype similar to that of the rck1/rck1 single mutants. In diploids with mutations in either of the meiotic checkpoint genes MEC1 and RAD24, overexpression of RCK1 or RCK2 reduces meiotic proficiency, most prominently seen with RCK2. The rate of meiotic recombination was unaltered in rck1 and rck2 mutants. There is a transient shift in the relative abundance of the two RCK2 transcripts in meiotic cells. We propose that one function of Rck1 and Rck2 is to inhibit meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ramne
- Department of Molecular Biology, Göteborg University, Sweden
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40
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McMillan K, Adler M, Auld DS, Baldwin JJ, Blasko E, Browne LJ, Chelsky D, Davey D, Dolle RE, Eagen KA, Erickson S, Feldman RI, Glaser CB, Mallari C, Morrissey MM, Ohlmeyer MH, Pan G, Parkinson JF, Phillips GB, Polokoff MA, Sigal NH, Vergona R, Whitlow M, Young TA, Devlin JJ. Allosteric inhibitors of inducible nitric oxide synthase dimerization discovered via combinatorial chemistry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:1506-11. [PMID: 10677491 PMCID: PMC26464 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.4.1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Potent and selective inhibitors of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (EC ) were identified in an encoded combinatorial chemical library that blocked human iNOS dimerization, and thereby NO production. In a cell-based iNOS assay (A-172 astrocytoma cells) the inhibitors had low-nanomolar IC(50) values and thus were >1,000-fold more potent than the substrate-based direct iNOS inhibitors 1400W and N-methyl-l-arginine. Biochemical studies confirmed that inhibitors caused accumulation of iNOS monomers in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. High affinity (K(d) approximately 3 nM) of inhibitors for isolated iNOS monomers was confirmed by using a radioligand binding assay. Inhibitors were >1,000-fold selective for iNOS versus endothelial NOS dimerization in a cell-based assay. The crystal structure of inhibitor bound to the monomeric iNOS oxygenase domain revealed inhibitor-heme coordination and substantial perturbation of the substrate binding site and the dimerization interface, indicating that this small molecule acts by allosterically disrupting protein-protein interactions at the dimer interface. These results provide a mechanism-based approach to highly selective iNOS inhibition. Inhibitors were active in vivo, with ED(50) values of <2 mg/kg in a rat model of endotoxin-induced systemic iNOS induction. Thus, this class of dimerization inhibitors has broad therapeutic potential in iNOS-mediated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K McMillan
- Pharmacopeia, Inc., Princeton, NJ 08512, USA
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41
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Goldblum PB, Erickson S. Understanding AIDS bereavement. Focus 2000; 15:1-6. [PMID: 12180380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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42
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Affiliation(s)
- H Brammer
- Family Health Plan, Milwaukee, WI 53207, USA
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43
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Erickson S, Sangfelt O, Castro J, Heyman M, Einhorn S, Grandér D. Interferon-alpha inhibits proliferation in human T lymphocytes by abrogation of interleukin 2-induced changes in cell cycle-regulatory proteins. Cell Growth Differ 1999; 10:575-82. [PMID: 10470857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
IFN-alpha exerts prominent regulatory functions on the immune system. One such effect is the inhibition of proliferation of in vitro stimulated T lymphocytes. The exact physiological function of this activity is not known, but it has been implicated in the antiviral effects of IFN, its antitumor action in T-cell malignancies, and the regulation of the in vivo T-cell response. Here, we have investigated the mechanism underlying the IFN-alpha-mediated growth inhibition of normal human PHA- and IL-2-stimulated T lymphocytes by an analysis of how IFN-alpha treatment influences known molecular events that normally accompany the transition from quiescence to proliferation in these cells. IFN-alpha treatment was found to profoundly block S-phase entry of stimulated T lymphocytes. This correlated with a strong inhibition of IL-2-induced changes in G1-regulatory proteins, including the prevented up-regulation of G1 cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases as well as an abrogation of mitogen-induced reduction of p27Kip1 levels. This latter effect was due to a maintained stability of the p27Kip1 protein in the IFN-alpha-treated cells. In line with these findings, phosphorylation of the pocket proteins was abrogated in IFN-alpha-treated cells. Furthermore, our data indicate that IFN-alpha has selective effects on the pathways that emerge from the IL-2 receptor because IFN-alpha treatment does not block IL-2-induced up-regulation of c-myc or Cdc25A.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Erickson
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Radiumhemmet, Karolinska Hospital and Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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44
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45
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Sangfelt O, Erickson S, Castro J, Heiden T, Gustafsson A, Einhorn S, Grandér D. Molecular mechanisms underlying interferon-alpha-induced G0/G1 arrest: CKI-mediated regulation of G1 Cdk-complexes and activation of pocket proteins. Oncogene 1999; 18:2798-810. [PMID: 10362250 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1202609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
One prominent effect of IFNs is their cell growth-inhibitory activity. The mechanism behind this inhibition of proliferation is still not fully understood. In this study, the effect of IFN-alpha treatment on cell cycle progression has been analysed in three lymphoid cell lines, Daudi, U-266 and H9. Examination of the growth-arrested cell populations shows that Daudi cells accumulate in a G0-like state, whereas U-266 cells arrest later in G1. H9 cells are completely resistant to IFN-alpha's cell growth-inhibitory effects. The G0/G1-phase arrest is preceded by a rapid induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs), p21 and p15. In parallel, the activities of the G1 Cdks are significantly reduced. In addition to p21/p15 induction, IFN-alpha regulates the expression of another CKI, p27, presumably by a post-transcriptional mechanism. In the G1 Cdk-complexes, there is first an increased binding of p21 and p15 to their respective kinases. At longer exposure times, when Cdk-bound p15 and p21 decline, p27 starts to accumulate. Furthermore, we found that IFN-alpha not only suppresses the phosphorylation of pRb, but also alters the phosphorylation and expression of the other pocket proteins p130 and p107. These data suggest that induction of p21/p15 is involved in the primary IFN-alpha response inhibiting G1 Cdk activity, whereas increased p27 expression is part of a second set of events which keep these Cdks in their inactive form. Moreover, elevated levels of p27 correlated with a dissociation of cyclin E/Cdk2-p130 or p107 complexes to yield cyclin E/Cdk2-p27 complexes. In resistant H9 cells, which possess a homozygous deletion of the p15/p16 genes and lack p21 protein expression, IFN-alpha causes no detectable changes in p27 expression and, furthermore, no effects are observed on either pocket proteins in this cell line. Taken together, these data suggest that the early decline in G1 Cdk activity, subsequent changes in phosphorylation of pocket proteins, and G1/G0 arrest following IFN-alpha treatment, is not primarily due to loss of the G1 kinase components, but result from the inhibitory action of CKIs on these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Sangfelt
- Department of Oncology/Pathology, Karolinska Hospital and Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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46
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Parham DM, Cheng R, Schutze GE, Dilday B, Nelson R, Erickson S, Kokes C, Peretti F, Sturner WQ. Enzyme-linked immunoassay for respiratory syncytial virus is not predictive of bronchiolitis in sudden infant death syndrome. Pediatr Dev Pathol 1998; 1:375-9. [PMID: 9688761 DOI: 10.1007/s100249900051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-infected infants may present with apnea, the role that RSV plays in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is speculative. To determine whether RSV is associated with bronchiolitis in these patients, we examined histologic sections of lungs from 41 apparent SIDS cases and compared the results with those of enzyme-linked immunofluorescent assay (EIA) from nasal washings. Bronchiolitis was defined by a bronchiolar inflammatory cell infiltrate plus epithelial necrosis. A positive EIA was associated with bronchiolitis in 8 instances, compared with 6 having a positive EIA and negative histology, 14 having a negative EIA and positive histology, and 13 having EIA and histology both negative. These results yield a predictive value of a positive test of 57% and a predictive value of a negative test of 48% (P > .9 by chi square analysis). Although RSV of the upper respiratory tract may be related to SIDS, our results indicate that EIA of nasal washings is not predictive of bronchiolitis, and we recommend other means of verification of histologic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Parham
- Department of Pediatric Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Hospital, 800 Marshall Street, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
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47
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Daniels DL, Mark LP, Ulmer JL, Mafee MF, McDaniel J, Shah NC, Erickson S, Sether LA, Jaradeh SS. Osseous anatomy of the pterygopalatine fossa. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998; 19:1423-32. [PMID: 9763371 PMCID: PMC8338667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D L Daniels
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, USA
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48
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Abstract
Little is known about the molecular background to senescence in T-lymphocytes. In fibroblast systems replicative senescence has been shown to correlate with a number of changes in the expression of the proteins normally regulating progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle, and recently the Ink4 inhibitor p16 was implicated as a central regulator of replicative senescence in human fibroblasts. It has, however, been claimed that p16 is not expressed in T-lymphocytes. In the present study we have analysed G1 regulating proteins in ageing human T-lymphocytes. We show that PHA and IL-2 stimulated T-lymphocytes cease to proliferate after around 20 population doublings, these cells can not thereafter be restimulated to growth, and were also found to exhibit markers for senescence. We found that T-lymphocytes accumulate p16 and p15 protein during successive population doublings and display high levels of these proteins as they enter into replicative senescence. There was also an increased binding of p16 to the Cdk6 kinase in senescent cells, and a decreased Cdk6 as well as Cdk2 kinase activity. The levels of other G1 regulating proteins were also altered in the senescent cells, such as slightly elevated levels of p21/WAF1, and downregulation of Cdk2 and cyclinD3. The levels of p27/ Kip1 is down regulated in proliferating cells but rise to approximately 15% of the levels in un-stimulated quiescent cells. As a high proportion of T-cell childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemias have deletions of both p15 and p16, our data suggest that inactivation of these genes makes it possible for leukemic cells to avoid senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Erickson
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Hospital and Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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49
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Erickson S, Warner ER. The impact of an individual tutorial session on MEDLINE use among obstetrics and gynaecology residents in an academic training programme: a randomized trial. Med Educ 1998; 32:269-273. [PMID: 9743780 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2923.1998.00229.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, on-line databases have become increasingly popular among health care professionals. As a group, these 'end-users' report utilizing databases to keep abreast of medical progress, to conduct research and to address specific patient care issues. Throughout the literature, medical professionals ('content experts') have proved to be less effective searchers than librarians ('search experts'). The potential implications of this discrepancy are worrysome. For any given clinical scenario, for example, published reports may reach contradictory conclusions. A poorly skilled searcher may not retrieve enough articles to appreciate this fact. Optimizing searching skills is therefore a worthwhile goal. As a first step, many medical schools introduce students to on-line databases, most notably MEDLINE. Residency is an ideal time to continue this training. A recognized obstacle to provide residents with formal MEDLINE instruction is time constraint. We therefore conducted this study to ascertain the impact an individual 1-hour tutorial session would have on MEDLINE utilization among obstetrics and gynecology residents training at an academic medical centre. Outcome measures included MEDLINE search frequency, duration, recall, precision and searcher satisfaction. Search recall measures the searcher's ability to retrieve articles deemed relevant to the question at hand. Search precision gauges the searchers' ability to eliminate irrelevant articles. Although the sessions were well received, we were unable to demonstrate an improvement in the outcome measures analysed. Further research is therefore indicated so that cost-effective educational strategies can be recommended for wide-scale use.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Erickson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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50
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Abstract
Since the first published report of mortality in cystic fibrosis in 1969, the median survival among cystic fibrosis patients has risen from 14 to 31 years. The reasons for this improved survival are complex and include earlier diagnosis; improved control of pulmonary infection; aggressive nutritional intervention; and enhanced monitoring of patients in peer-reviewed, accredited centers for cystic fibrosis care, teaching, and research. Emphasis on the importance of research on changing and improved treatment has been effectively communicated to patients and families. As a result, a group of highly educated medical consumers has been created. During the last decade, another focus of rapid change has appeared, that of cost containment in the medical profession, creating the field of managed care. Practicing medical professionals perceive the need for reduction in excessive spending in medicine and have taken a variety of approaches to balance better the value and cost of medical care while maintaining superb quality. Physicians and consumers continue to have concerns about the potential negative impact of managed care on a relatively rare, specialized, and chronic illness such as cystic fibrosis if managed care concepts are applied without proper understanding of the disease. A great concern is that managed care in cystic fibrosis may cause reversal of trends in improved quality and length of survival. The increased length of survival places an increasing demand on the already stressed system of health care financing. Understanding the changing area of managed care is therefore of paramount importance to clinicians involved in cystic fibrosis care. The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation has presented symposia on managed care at each of the last three annual meetings, including the North American Cystic Fibrosis Meeting, October 1996. The following issues were addressed by speakers and panel discussants, with portions excerpted for this review: trends in managed care, measures and guidelines useful in managed care, Medicaid managed care and cystic fibrosis, and practical aspects of using pathways in caring for patients with cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S McCoy
- Ohio State University, Columbus 43205, USA
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